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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.
DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1916

VOL. CXLV. No. 12
Whole Number 3880

Pasturing the Farm Woodlot

HE farm woodlot of today has a

value which is manifold. It is

drawn upon for supplies of ma-
terial for home use or for sale in the-
form of cordwood, construction tim-
bers, lumber, ties, piling, etc. If it con-
tains a sufficient number of trees of
the right species, it may be used as a
maple sugar grove, or the farmer's
family and the community may find a
common recreation and picnic ground
beneath its trees. These many uses
combined give to the woodlot not only
a considerable direct money value but
also an aesthetic or sentimental value
that cannot be capitalized. These uses
are all desirable, but the pasturing of
live stock in the woodlot is a use of an
entirely different character. It is this
use that is bringing serious conse-
quences to the future of the farm
woodlots, for a wooded area cannot
properly serve both the functions of a
woodlot and a pasture.

It is more difficult to put the serious
effects of pasturing such an area into
concrete form, as a lesson for the fu-
ture management, than it would be in
in the case of a crop that matures an-
nually. If an impoverished condition
of the soil causes the annual yield of
crops of the usual rotation to decrease
one-half, the effect is quickly felt and
the cause and remedy are sought out.
With the woodlot crop, the amount
that is produced annually is not har-
vested the same year but at irregular
intervals, so many years pass before it
is noticeable that it does not produce
wood in such quantities as in the past.

A natural wooded area is self-fertiliz-
ing and has processes similar to those
of drainage and tillage
in open fields perform-
ed naturally by the
trees themselves. A
crop of leaves is borne
each year and return-
ed to the soil to decay
and furnish nourish-
ment to be used again
in the growth of the
same or other nearby
trees. The expansion
by growth of the roots
beneath the soil keeps
it loosened so that wa-
ter seeps readily to
l o w e r strata. Ger-
mans realized the soil
building power of for-
ests centuries ago and
practiced the growing
of crops of trees upon
impoverished soil in
order to build it up be-
fore turning it back
for future generations
to put to agricultural
use.

Natural forest condi-
tions gradually disap-
pear from a pastured
woodlot and it be-
comes in the course of :~
time a shaded pasture '
with the trees finally
giving way entirely to
grass. Natural wood-

 

lands of the type common in Michigan
have all ages of trees represented from
tiny seedlings to veteran trees in the
stage of decay. ‘
The first result of pasturing is the
destruction of: the young growth, which
a generation or two hence should be
forming valuable trees on the area.
The older trees gradually become ma-
ture and are removed for various uses
or die, and there is no young growth
beneath to fill up the gaps made by
their absence. The exposed areas of
soil soon lose their cover of leaves,
and sod over, so by this method of

 

handling woodlots, man is gradually,
and often unconsciously, substituting
areas of pasture for groups of trees.
One of the symptoms of premature
decadence caused by pasturing and
which continues as long as trees re-
main, is the unusual rate. of death of
the uppermost branches, or the condi-
tion which is termed “stag-headed-
ness." This condition becomes more
pronounced as pasturing continues,
and a great number of trees must be
removed each successive year for a
long period to prevent their utter de-
cay in the woods. The best woodlots

 

 

g

s. Kinda-mg. h,

.5.

.65 um..- t.» «32W» 358‘ N"

 

Pasturing Destroys all'Young Growth, and Lessens Vigor of the Older Trees.

 

Plenty of Seedling and Sapllng Reproduction to Perpetuate the Stand of Timber is Found in
Unpastured Woodlots.

50 CENTS A YEAR.
52 FOR 5 YEARS.

By W. I. GILSON

Forestry Department 1V1. A. C.

 

 

will not produce grass because he for-
est canopy shades the groundg. 0 cont-
pletely that grass cannot get a foot-
hold.

There are several classes of injuries
caused by pasturing which combine to
give the results previously cited. The
first of these is the browsing of seed-
lings and young trees. The relative
severity of browsing depends upon the,
succulence of the foliage and the self-
protective properties of the various
species. Some trees have foliage with
an acrid taste which animals avoid as
long as more palatable fo‘age is avail-
able. Other trecs and shrubs produce
thorns and spines which give partial
protection to the foliage from the rav-
ages of live stock, until a dearth of
grass forces them to the less desirable
food.

Goats do the most damage and are
the least fastidious of any class of live
stock. Their diet consists of almost
any kind of foliage or bark and many
other materials, but because of the
very few grazed in Michigan they are
not, a serious menace to our woodlots.

Sheep eat a great variety of plants
and feed closely, destroying all foliage
near the ground. They cannot, reach
as high as other animals and deserve
some credit for destroying many weeds
that horses and cattle would leave un-
touched. ll'here horses and cattle
graze in woodlots very little tree fol-
iage remains within seven feet of the
ground. They are more fastidious
than sheep and goats, but there is uus-
ally a time each season when pasture
is short and stock will resort to tree
foliage for food.

Injuries to the bark
are most numerous on
young trees with thin
and tender bark. Bark
ab 'asions do not re-
sult in the immediate
death of the trees un-
less girdling is com-
plete, but. harm lies in
the diminished rate of
growth, and in the
presence of ragged
wounds susceptible to
infection, and a cause
of decay or insect at-
tack.

During the w a r m
portions of the day,
live stock seek out the
most desi‘able shade
and the damage from
their .congregating in
groups as they have
the tendency to do, is
principally in compact-
ing the soil and bruis-
ing the surface roots.
The packing of the soil
is a force in opposi-
tion to that of the tree
roots striving to loos-
en it by their natural
growth and develop-
ment. The open pas-
sageways by which
water reaches the low-

(Continued on p. 380).

  


378 '2

The Michigan Farmer

Establithed 1843. Copyrim 19%.

I he Lawrence Publishing Co.
Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Con ens St. West. Detroit. Michigan

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NEW YORK OFFICE—381 Fourth Ave.

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CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.

PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—261463 Sou'h Third St.

 

 

 

M. ]. LAWRENCE ..................................... Presiden
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E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sec.-Treas.
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BURT WERMU’I‘H .................. 1 ................ Associate
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E, H. HOUGHTON .......................... Business Manuel

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

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40cents per line mt: type measurement. or $5.60 per
inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv't In
netted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection
able advertisements inserted at any price.

 

 

Mem Standard Farm l’vapen Association and Audit
can of Circulation.

 

 

Enterd as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.
woficso,_

DETROITLMABCE 33:19.11

 

 

CURRENT COMMENT.

Recently several
subscribers have
applied to the
Michigan Farmer for suggestions as to
the selection of names for their farms.
Thc idea of naming thc farm is a good
onc which We believe might be profit-
ably put, into practice by a very
much larger port-untagc of farm own-
ers. 11 would bc quite impractical,
howt-vcr, to publish a list of possible
farm namcs which would fit even a
small pcrccntagc of individual require
words, so grcal, is lht‘ rangc of possi-
bilitics in this matter of the selection
of farm namcs.

Very ol'ton lllt' scloction of. a name
for thc farm is madc with a View to
some pcculiarly attractive feature of
thc farm itscll' and sometimes with
quitc as much roason, the name is
madc to illustratw sonw noteworthy ac-
coxnpltshmcnt ol' the owncr in its im-
provmncnt. Wc arc all familiar with
farm namcs suggcstcd by some local
peculiarity of tho farm itself, as “Lone
Elm Farm," “’l‘hc Oaks,” “Pinehurst,”
““‘illow Halo," ctc.

Similar wxamplvs of the selection of
a namv which illustrates effective
work in improvcmcnt by the owner
might bc citcd as “Maple Row Farm”
chosen by a. man who has seen a beam
tii'ul row of hard maples of his own
planting grow up along the roadside in
front of his farm home, or “Pick Stone
harm,” a designation selected by a
man who had oxpcndml a large amount
of labor in clearing off originally stony
ficlds.

Still anothcr class of names which
mcrits carci'ul consideration are those
having a Lradc significant-c, as “Thou
sand Maplcs lt‘arm," so named by a
man whosc possessions include a large
and productivc sugar bush, the product
of which is marketcd dircctly to con-
sumcrs, a factor which is becoming of
increasing importancc in augmenting
the rcvcnuc from many farms.

Such a list of possible names in any
of thcsc ('lassvs might ho continued in‘
definitcly, but those fcw have been
mentioned only as illustrations of
namcs which havc thc combined ad-
vantage of utility and attractiveness.
Others will suggest, tlicmsclves to the
rcadcr who duvotcs sonic thought to
this important question of giving the
farm homc a distinctive name.

Recently one subscriber has asked
for information as to the possible
means of [:ll'Ott-Xlllllg such a name from
duplication or infringomcnl, by others.
Application to Ftfllt‘l‘fll authorities
brought the information that the

Naming the Farm.

names dcsignating farms cannot now
be so protected by either patent or
copyright. Possibly when the time
shall conic that naming the farm is a
more common practicc oroVision will
be‘ made f01 the regi. .ration and pro-

THE MICHIGA

tection of farm names. A bill provid-
ing for the registration of farm names
was considered by the last Legislature,
and only failed of passage because of
the press of business incidental to the
close of the session.

On the succeeding

Farm Management page of this issue

Demonstrations. appears an article
which should be
carefully read by every Michigan

Farmer reader. It is a summary of
the deductions made from~a farm man-
agement. survey of a typical section of
Kent county made by the farm man-
agement demonstrator of the Agricul-
tural College and the county agricul-
tural agent for Kent county. This in-
formation in substantially this form
has been generally circulated among
the farmers of the county, and is here-
in presented for the reason that it con-
tains many valuable lessons for the
farmers of the entire state, as well as
for those of the immediate locality in
which the demonstration was made.

The gathering and analysis of data
of this kind is but one of the beneficial
lines of work undertaken in counties
where agricultural agents have been
employed, in fact this is special work
done through the co-operation of the
farm management demonstrator em-
ployed jointly by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture and the Agri-
cultural College and the county agent.
The work of the county agent in the
beginning must of necessity consist
largely of extending aid both in person
and through the Agricultural College
in the solution of the individual prob-
lems of the farmers within his terri-
tory. Later as the work becomes bet-
ter organized the group method of con-
sultation and demonstration is employ-
ed wherever practicable in order that
the work and time of the county agent
may be employed in such a manner as
will result in the greatest good to the
greatest number of farmers within ths
county.

In view of the fact that approximate-
ly one—half of the expense of maintain-
ing the county agent is paid jointly by
the Federal government and the state
through the Agricultural College, the
counties which are improving the op-
portunity to have the county agent, are
getting a very large return on the re-
quired investment. This fact is becom-
ing better appreciated every day in
the counties where agricultural agents
are now operating, which fact will un-
questionably hasten the time when ev-
ery locality in the state will have the
benefit of the services of such an agri-
cultural agent. lt is quite possible that.
in some of the lesis developed counties
of the northern part of the state it may
be necessary to include several coun—
ties in a single district at the begin-
ning, but with the development of ag-
riculture in these localities there will
unquestionably be enough work of this
kind for one man in every Michigan
county. The county agricultural bu—
reau is no longer an experiment, and
its work should receive the active sup-
port of the farmers of every county as
it is possible to supply this service.

Taxation is one of the
vexed questions of
modern government
for which there seems to be no satis-
factory solution. Viewed from the
standpoint of the average man, the
only just tax is the one that the other
fellow has to pay. Among methods of
taxation for state and municipal pur-
poses, the property tax has been in
general favor throughout the country
and has been almost the only form of
taxation applied in our own state. Glar-
ing inequalities in the method of ad-
ministering the property tax which
grew up under changed conditions re-
lating to industrial development have
been and are being corrected so that a
greater share of what we have come
to call “equal taxation” now prevails.
Still the weakness and limitations of
our present system of taxation for
state purposes are the subject of fre-
quent comment and discussion. Upon

State Taxation.

N FARMER

various occasions the desirability of
the separation of local and state taxa-
tion has been discussed by public men
in both private and oflicial capacities.
Just a. few years ago a special commis-
sionappointcd to consider the matter
of taxation in Michigan favored in
their reports such separation by apply-
ing the proceeds from the taxation of
corporations of certain classes to state
purposes in lieu of a general property
tax.

ln another column of this issue ap-
pears an article written by one of
Michigan farmer students of taxa-
tion in which the state income tax is
proposed as a substitute for the pres-
ent property tax for state purposes.
This article is well worthy of a care-
ful reading by every subscriber, wheth-
er they may conform to the opinions
expressed in same or not. Unquestion—
ably modern changes in social and in-
dustrial life require changed methods
of taxation as well as administration
in general. In the past changes of this
kind have not kept pace with changed
conditions. This is probably a matter
for congratulation rather than other-
wise, since it is best to make haste
slowly in the trying out of new prin-
ciples or new methods in the adminis-
tration of government.

There are sound arguments in favor
of the idea that a property tax is bet-
ter adapted to the support of the minor
municipality than of the state which
many believe should, like the nation,
secure its revenue either by indirect
taxation or by some method of. direct
taxation other than the property tax.
Since this is a question which will r9-
ccivc ever increasing attention, it is
the part of wisdom for every farmer to
keep posted on the Iatpst ideas relat-
ing to taxation, in order that. he may
form intelligent opinions which will be
of weight with members of the Legis-
lature whenever the subject of taxa~
tion may be under consideration by
that body.

The discussions at
Co-operative Mar- the marketing ses-

keting. sion of the Coun-
try Life Confer-
ence held during Farmers’ Week,

which are briefly rcported in'anothor
column of this issue, reveal the fact

-that the idea of co-opcrative marketing

is not only gaining strength in the
matter of increased public opinion in
its favor, but also in the successful ex-
amples of cooperative marketing
which are afforded by more than two
score Michigan organizations which
are now engaged in successful work
along this line.

The fact that. successful co-operative
organizations doing business in any
community will prove the nucleus for
other organizations of the kind in sur-
rounding tcrritory is well illustrated
by the groups of cooperative organi-
zations which have rapidly grown up
in different sections of the state, not-
ably the live stock associatidns and
other co—operative selling organiza-
tions in Hillsdale county and the fruit,
soiling organizations of southwestern
Michigan.

Possibly the live stock shipping or-
ganizations afford the simplest and
most practical form of co-operative
selling in a majority of Michigan rural
communities. For this reason some
space will be devoted in future issues
to a report of the work which is being
done by some of these organizations.
Also the State Director of Markets has
announced that a bulletin giving infor-
mation of value to those who would or-
ganize an association of this kind is in
progress of preparation, and will be
available for circulatoin in the not dis-
tant future.

Wherever the co-operative spirit be-
comes evident among farmers of any
neighborhood to the needs of which
the live stock shipping association is
adapted, the public spirited leaders in
that neighborhood should seize the op-
portunity of making public by every
means at hand the advantages and
benefits. to be derived from co-Operat-
ing along" this line. The experience

MARCH 18, 1916. /

will not only be profitable from the
standpoint of immediate results, but
will be valuable as an education to—
ward undertaking more difficult. co-op-
erative organizations.

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

Foreign.

The European Wan—After 21 days
of the most intense fighting in the
world’s history, Verdun the important
French position against which the Ger.
mans have made attack after attack is
still in the hands of the French who
appear more confident of defending the
position than at any time since the
first his drive was launched. It is ex-
pected, howeVer, that another effort
will be made by the Kaiser's soldiers
to break the French lines at. that point.
During the past few days minor gains
have been claimed by both sides. Ar-
tillery actions of great intensity have
occurred along the whole Belgian front
and at other points outside of Verdun
in northern France. The movement of
troops on the European Russian front
has been insignificant and nothing of
importance is reported from the Italian
lines and the Balkan district. Russian
forces in Asia Minor continue to ad-
vance and are now within 125 miles of
Kut-el-Amara, where a British force
has been surrounded by the Turks
since last December. Kirind, Persia,
in the direction of Bagdad, was captur-
ed by the Russians late last week. Per-
sistent reports came out last week that
the German fleet had put to sea; noth-
ing of an official character has been
published in this connection however.

An agreement has been reached be-
tween Roumania and Russia which per-
mits Roumania to purchase war mate—
rials in and transport them through
Russian territory. The agreement in-
dicates the definite decision of Rou-
mania to adhere to the cause of the
entcnte allies.

An Alpine avalanche buried several
houses in the Agordo district of Italy
and 25 persons have been reported
killed.

A shortage in the supply of potatoes
has caused the German authorities to
issue potato cards the same as has al-
ready been done for bread and butter.

National.

Mexican Affairs.——Interest in our re-
lations with Mexico was aroused again
last week by the invasion of United
States territory by a band of Mexican
bandits under the leadership of Gen.
Villa, and the killing of eight American
civilians and seven soldiers at Colum-
bus, Ncw Mexico. United States troops
have been rushed to points along the
entire border and it is probable that
with the approval of Carranza’s pro-
visional government American troops
will pursue Villa into Mexican states. A
general belief prevails that the Car-
ranza government. is tottering and that
a general intervention into Mexican
politics is sure to follow an American
invasion.

Announcement has been made that
the United States naval training cruise
for civilians will start August 15. Re-
serve battleships will be detailed and
apportioned among the coast districts
according to the number of applicants
accepted in each.

A large fertilizer plant in Buffalo
was destroyed by fire Sunday, entail-
ing a loss estimated at $550,000. The
fire resulted from a dust explosion.
Seven employes Were slightly burned.

An effort is being made in Congress
to authorize the establishment of game
sanctuaries in national forests, where
wild animals, excepting those of a pre-
datory nature, will be safe-guarded
throughout the year.

A conference of ministers represent-.
ing the Scandanavian countries in ses—
sion at Copenhagen has agreed that;
the wisest. course of these countries in
connection with present European poli-
tical disturbances is to co-operate in
maintaining a strictly neutral position.

The Michigan Public Domain Com-
mission is holding a two—days’ congress
at Lansing this week to standardize
methods of preventing and fighting for-
est fires in the northern part of the
state.

Sunday night a mile or more of pav-
cd streets in western Detroit were
torn up by the explosion of gasoline
in sewers, which had escaped there
from a tank can. The damage done is
estimated at half a million dollars.

Last week the Detroit Y. W. C. A.
succeeded in rai'sing‘a fund of over
$300,000 with which to erect and equip
a new building.

Members of the Michigan Grand
Army Posts will be pleased to learn
that Col. L. H. Ives, of Mason, has
yielded to the solicitations of many old
comrades and friends to allow his
name to appear as a candidate for the
office of Department Commander of
the G. A. R. His splendid military rec-
ord and his efforts in every movement
for moral and social uplift make him a
deserving candidate.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

‘

as ,_.

 

.MARCH 18, 1916. -

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

  

3—379

Farm Management Demonstrations In Kent County

random around Cedar Springs

we find farms that are prosper-
ing and farms that are not; farms that
are making money and farms that are
losing money for their owners. Every
farmer should get interest on every
dollar invested and pay for every hour
of labor spent on his farm. In the fol-
lowing discussion we will show why
some of these farms are not making a
good income, and why other farmers
are making good pay for their own
work after paying all farm expenses
and five per cent interest on the in-
vestment.

Very few farmers know whether the
farm pays interest and wages or not
but most farmers have in mind the
things necessary to use in figuring
this out. Any farmer can easily keep
accounts enough to summarize his bus-
iness as shown in the following chart.
The Agricultural College will furnish

A. MONG sixty farms selected at

Income from capital and oper—

ator’s labor, (receipts minus

expense) ................... $931.00
Income from capital (five per

cent interest) .......... 508.00
Labor income (operator’s) 423.00

This chart shows the total invest-
ment on the farm, the expenses, the
receipts and the net returns the farm-
er received for his work. It is to be
noted that $150 cash was paid for
hired help and in addition to this the
help was boarded, which is estimated
to cost $2 a week over and above the
portion of the food which the farm fur-
nished. The boys in the family did
work which, if paid for at usual rates
would have cost $45. Repairs on build-
ings, machinery and fences cost $66
and in addition to these repairs the
buildings and machinery depreciated
during the year an estimated amount
of $164. Buildings usually depreciate
two to 10 per cent a year, depending
upon care and use given them. Farm

 

 

Stock has Destroyed all Foliage within Reach.

 

Dead Topped or “Staghead-

ed" Trees are seen in the Center.

 

an account book, on request to your
county agent.
Capital at Beginning of Year.

Real estate ........ . . . . . . . .$ 8,100
Live stock ..... 1,407
Machinery ............... .. . . . 438
Feed and Supplies ..... . . . . . . . . 172
Cash ...... ......... 40
Total ......... ..........$10,158
Current Expenses.
Hired labor ................... $150.00
Board for help ................ 50.00
Family labor ............. . . . 45.00
Repairs of buildings, machines,
etc ..... . ......... . ..... . . . . 66.00
Feed ......................... 5.00
Miscellaneous ........ . . . . . . . . 115.00
Taxes ..................... . . 63. 00
Decrease in 'feed and supplies” 15. 00
Depreciation of buildings, ma-
chines, etc. . . .. ....... , ..... H164 00
Total ....... ...........$673.00
Receipts.

Milk and butter ..............$135.00
Cattle, net 272.00
Hogs 204.00
Poultry and eggs, net.......... 47. 00
Potatoes...................... 329.00
Wheat CIICOCCOCDIOOIDOIIC'C 430.00
Beans........................ 187.00

Total ....................$1,604.00

machinery depreciates faster, eight to
12 per cent, as a rule. These figures
show that this farmer had less hay
and grain on hand at the end of this
year than at the beginning. This loss
is included with other expenses. If he
had had more feed, it would have been
entered in the receipts column. The
receipts are figured for each class .of
stock separately. If any stock is pur-
chased during the year the amount of
that purchase is subtracted from sales
and in case less stock is on hand at
the end than at the beginning of the
year the difference in value is sub-
tracted from total sales. If the value
of stock on hand increased during the
year that increase is added to the
sales.
Labor Income.

Subtracting $673, the total expense,
from $1,604, the total receipts, we have
$931. This amount is the net income
for the farm investment and the farm-
er’s labor. Subtracting $508, which is
five per cent of the total investment,
we have $423. This is What this farm-
er received for his year’s work and is

known as his labor income. In addi-
tion to this, he received such portion
of his living as the farm furnished for
himself and family, house rent, fire
wood, milk, eggs, poultry meat, pota-
toes, and other garden stuff. These
things probably represented about half
of the living for the family.

This farm is a highly successful
farm and has three characteristics
which make it successful. These are
good size, good quality and good diver-
sity. Let us consider these characters
separately.

Size of Business.

The figures on sixty farms in Kent
county show that the larger farms en-
able the farmer to get more pay for
his work than do the smaller. There
are several ways to measure the size
of farm business: One way is by the
number of acres in crops. The follow-
ing chart shows how the, number of
crop acres affects Ihe Kent, county
farmers’ incomes.

Chart A.

E 2

" c1 .

8 moo

(‘4 :1 OC‘

0;: '7 CLO

L”. $3767

“a g i 8 b. 8%

No. acres -~ SH: g9 o

- . ,0 Z ’ N U 17.0

1n crops. 4,.“ (an; 7”}, 3:
Less than 50 22 $ 77 0
50-65 20 167 2
More than 65 is 415 9

The larger farms enable the lai‘niel‘
to keep more stock, 11:43 more machin-
ery and put in his own time ax, a bet-
ter advantage. Along with a large
number of acres usually goes a large
investment in other farm properly. The
following table shows how a large in-
vestment in farm property other than
real estate helps the Kent eounIy farm-
er to get good rmurns for his own
time.

Chart B.
E" s3 3’
, . ”.4 .11th
Farm _ {In S: : E”:
Property ’3 1 Z 5 C: 33 L. 9;
not Real 0-5 Egg :82
Estate. Z-ZE ’1I—l : ZS: :;
Less than $1,500 34 $ 96 1
$1,500-$2,000 125 297 -t
More than $2,000 13 3. 3 (5

These Charts have rhou‘n how desir~
able it is for the gei I in] pur pow tarm—

large business and help him to get
good pay for his year’s work as shown
in the following chart:

Chart C.
Q)
51%
a) . 3 g
. co co >
No. days of “5 ‘0 S a. El 2.:
productive o E3 093 8 8
Work- as 53.2.9. £25
Less than 315 21 $ 31 0
315-460 21 237 4
Above 460 18 357 7

The figures here are based 011 pro-
ductive work which the farm furnishes
and the time required by the average
farmer to do that work and not upon
the time required by the particular
farmer. Often times a farmer has not
proper equipment or has his work so
poorly planned that it takes him one-
and a half days to do a day’s w 01k. In

casts like that the farmer works the
whole year but does not do a year’s
work and is rated 011 the amount of
work done. From the chart we see
that out of 21 farms furnishing less
Ihan 315 days’ work not one paid the
owner over $500 for his year’s work;
out of 21 farms furnishing 315 to 460
days of productive work, four paid the
owner over $500 for his year’s work;
out of 18 farms furnishing over 460
days of productive work, seven paid
Ihe owner over $500 for his work.

In each of these different groups we
find several farms which do not pay
the farmer anything for his work and
not even interest on the investment.
This shows that farm business needs
something besides size if it is it) be
uniformly profitable. in the following
paragraph We, will show 110w quality

-ai'fects the. income of the Kent county

farmers around Cedar Springs.
Quality of Farm Business.

In the following chart farms are
classified according to the relation of
the yields of crops on each farm to
the average yield of the 60 farms for
the crop year of 1914 and shows in fig-
ures what we already know, that good
crops are essential to the welfare of
the farmer. It also shows that good
crops alone do not make. the farm pros-
perous as the very highest yield farms
are not the most profitable farms and
there are unprofitable farms in each
group.

 

 

 

Ch: rt D.

Crop Yields. _ . Au rage No. having No. Not
Compared 'to .\\o. of Labor Labor Income Making 21
Average Yields. 1'1 arms. Income. Above $500. Labor Income.

Less than 90% 26 3109 2 9

90-1107.» 23 303' 5 5

More than 110% 11 205 4 3

er to have a fairly large farm. \l'ith a This chart can be further emphasiz-

small number of th‘l'eS i1 is impossible
for a farmer to make a good income
raising the general farm crops, but he
can raise some of the more intensive
crops, such as potatoes, cabbages, on-
ions, beets, apples, small fruit, or by
raising more. poultry, increasing the
dairy, and make a good income if he
has a market for thou- products and

his farm is adapted to any of these ens

terprises. The staple farm crops, such
as hay, corn, oats, wheat, barley, rye
with some live stock, require a large
atieage if the far-11111 is to get man's
wages 1"01 his weik. .‘x farmcr with-
out a large farm can have a large busi-
ness by raising the more inIensiw
crops and thereby get good wages for
his work. A farmer without a large
business cannot have a large income.
Some combination of farm enterprises
that furnishes him a large number of
(lays of productive work will make 11

Chart 5.7
g 2'
wag 8
E a) 315 <11 ‘5 2:2» as a
w ’ b0 9 if" 1 b0 ’ 05 PH "J M)"
ore sag =5; “3% 258 £539: 8.52;
o'"° 9’90 «1 -:... Elm-DO .go $4.0
on ’33:: a, Pet: Peso Own 063m
zeo «is Go as. <45 244 22A
Less 50 6 57 Ordinary 13 $ 41 0 7
Good 9 199 0 0
50-65 195 Ordinary 7 69 0 4
Good 14 241 3 2
Over 65 415 Ordinary 9 254 0 4
Good 8 558 8 0

ed by dividing each of the three groups
in Chart A into two classes; those hav-
ing less than average yields and those
having better than average. In each
of these groups we find the good yield
farms average a much better labor in-
come than those farms having poor
yields. A small acreage of poor yield-
ing crops gives the farmer little pay
for his year's work, but a large acreage
of good yielding crops gives a farmer
a large labor income. Space does not
permit of a chart. to show this. The
quality of the stock has a more im-
portant influence on the wages a farm—
er gets for his year‘s work than does
the crop yields and is charted below.
V\'e have. here Chart A with each group
of farms divided on the. basis of the re-
ceipts from each animal unit. (A11 an-
nual unit is a horse or cow or their
equivalent in other stock, as seven
sheep, fiv e hogs, or 100 chickens.

 

 

 


 
 
 
 

 

  

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

 

 

. ll.
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Tée SANDUSKY PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY

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Eight

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SAVE MONEY!

Buy an All- Purpose Engine
Usable on Binders

Professor 1. W. Dickerson, of the
Farm Mechanics Department, Univer-
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purchase engines for general purpose
Work in future, of such design as
to work properly on grain and corn
binders, manure Spreaders, potato
diggers, etc, in season.”

 

     
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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talOg, which

 

 

 

 

 

Early Washington
SEED OATS

Early maturcrs and big yielders. 80 cents per bu.
moulding sacks. Bit,r Fours. 75 cents per bu.

Thé E. W. Armstrong Co.,

Monroeville, - — - Ohio.

Low Prices. Take no chances by sowing damaged
local seed this year. Make big money by
sowing our guaranteed Northern

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Wonderful yields. Be spre

and get our low prices, also our valuable Profit-Sharing
Exclusive Field and Grass Seed Guide With samples you
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Dept. 831 43rd and Robey St., Chicago, “home.

SEE” 0‘15. Alexander. Awarded Go'ld Medal for
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for Mich, First premiunufnr quality. Potatoes:
Late Potoskoy, Blight. resisting, heavy yielding.
Wallace Bros” Bay Shore. Mich.

SEED 0‘13, (Etc-gt Swlexcdigh Sill}??? fGrea‘ticDang uni/11d
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YORK. Mming‘igg? M301}. 8 r p

  

  

The plow to make
your small tractor pay.
Why make shift with a horse-
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for almost horse-plow prices? Hun-
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Send for the whole story now—tell
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able advice free.
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Established' 1837

Power—Lift
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o * SENSATION—lZii bus. per acre. Also Looming
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Write for Samples and Prices of

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One of the best varieties grown in Michigan.
Youni-Randolnh Seed (‘0. Ownscu. Miohizan

The Corn Belt Oat. Descrip-
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urt & Sons,

 

years."

Pedigreed Oats:

Worthy. Alexander and other varieties, bred b the

Michigan Agricultural College. best of hundre s of
varieties tested. Grown in Michigan and adapted to
Michigan conditions. _
follows: “The oats produced Sn bushels per acre, best
yield in township." “Your pedigreed‘onts have a very
stiff straw and are good yieliiers." ‘
than my own variety.
“Rest we ever zrew.“ Etc. . ‘
Mich. Experiment Association. East Lansing. Mich.

Reported upon by farmers as

Were far better

" “Best. crop we have had in ten

Vi rite to Secretary

It is seldom wise to have all the
eggs in one basket. Often times a
farmer has special conditions that ren-
der one crop or one farm enterprise
especially profitable, but without spe-
cial conditions three or four important
sources of income are better than more
and better than less. It is also better
to have sales of crops and stock than
to be entirely live stock or entirely
cash crop farmer. Live stock keeps
up the fertility of the farm but the
prices for live stock are not high
enough- so that everything raised on
the farm can be fed to the live stock.
The wise farmer raises all the cash
crops he can and still maintain the fer-
tility of the soil. In doing ’this he will
keep only enough stock to consume
the clover, cornstalks and other rough-
age raised. The following chart shows
that this profitable combination results
‘in more income from crops than from
animals with the type of farming in
vogue around Cedar Springs.

- MARCH 18, 1916:

PASTURING THE FARM WOODLOT.

 

(Continued from first page).
or root system are largely clogged up
and the leaf cover which prevents the
escape of soil moisture is trampled in-
to dust and scattered by numerous
agencres.

The damage to trees caused by graz-
ing varies considerably with the spe-
cies. All hardwood or broad-leaved
specieslcompose the general class most
susceptible to injury. The evergreen
or coniferous species are subject to
trampling but their foliage is not so
palatable, and as they are much in the
minority in Michigan woodlots they do
not concern us so vitally.

There is no conceivable case where
the pasturing of a farm woodlot is to
be recommended, unless it is desired
to ultimately convert it into a pastured
field or one fit for cultivation. The
pastured woodlot of today may not be-

 

Chart F.
No. Having

Per Cent of Average Labor No. of Farms
Income from No. of Labor Income Not Making a
Live Stock. Farms. Income. Above $500. Labor Income.
Less than 30% 10 $180 3- 4
305070 24 314 5 4
50-60% 12 127 2 5
More than 60% 14 84 1 4

 

Here we see that the farms having
one-third to one-half of their income
from live stock and the balance from
crops, or one-half to two-thirds of their
income from crops are the farms which
pay the farmer the best wages for his
labor. We also see that While the
proper proportion of income from crops
and animals helps the average farmer
to get good wages for his work, it. does
not guarantee him any pay for his
Work as in each of these groups there
are farms which do not make a labor
income.

The conditions which these charts
show exist in Kent county around Ced-
ar Springs are quite similar to condi-
tions in other parts of the United
States where the same type of farming
prevails. The factors which we have
discussed here, as size of business
crop yields, quality of live stock, and
diversity of business are indeed fac-
tors which Iargely affect the incomes
of the farm in Kent county in the same
manner as they are known to affect
the farmer’s income in other parts of
the United States. The following chart
shows how these four factors combin-
ed in part and in whole affect the la-
bor income.

 

come an open field until the time of
our grandchildren, but the final result
is certain.

If a shortage of pasture makes graz-
ing of wooded areas absolutely neces-
sary, but two methods can be recom-
mended. One of these is fundamental-
ly a modification of the other, and the
effect upon the forest is essentially the
same.

The first is to pasture for a period
of from fifteen to twenty years and
then close the area. for an equal period
of time to allow tree production to
come in and raise its foliage out of
reach of live stock before pasturing IS
allowed for another period. This, in
most cases, will not be found satisfac-
tory, because the total available pas-
ture area will not be the same during
the closed and open periods.

The second method is to divide the
woodlot into equal areas by a fence,
and to pasture one while the other is
restocking itself with young trees. Af-
ter the first period of pasturing of
about, fifteen years has ended, the pas-
turing of the areas is changed about
and the first area allowed to rest. The
exact period of pasturing cannot be
put in definite terms for two reasons.

 

 

Chart G.
Average No. Having No. Farms
Labor Labor Income Not Making
No. of Farms. Income. Above $500. Labor Income.
8 good in 4 factors $733 6 0
3 good in 3 factors 246 0 0
20 good in 2 factors 234 5 6
19 good in 1 factor 104 0 4
8 good in 0 factor 148 0 7

 

We have seen that these factors tak-
en separately have a material effect
on the incomes of these farmers and
we now see that when all are taken to-
gether they practically control the in-
come of the farmer.

Study this carefully and determine
if possible, which group your farm can
be placed in. The county agent will
be glad to help you with such a study
of your farm business. Be sure and
call on him if your income is not as
large as you think it should be. This
kind of an analysis may suggest some
change which will enable you to get
better wages for your work.

. You should at least be able to sum-
lmarize your farm business as shown
in the first part of this article. Be
sure and get the account book. If you
will keep accounts as indicated for
one year and send the book to your
county agent at the end of the year,
your farm business will be summarized
by the Farm Management Demonstrat-
or of the Agricultural College, and a
statement given you which will show
how your farm stands in these import-
ant factors and will suggest what can
be done to increase the pay you are
getting for your work.

H. G. SMITH, County Agent.

 

 

The first is that very little reproduc-
tion will come in until the trees have
had a good seed year. Our common
tree species have prolific seed years
only at intervals varying from two to
seven years. A rule suggests itself of
reversing the pasture areas just before
the ripening of a good crop of seed on

the most desirable species. The sec-
ond variable factor is the rate of
growth of the young trees. This de-

pends largely upon the soil, the nat-
ural rate of growth of the particular
species, and the extent to which the
growth is suppressed by older trees. A
general rule to follow in regulating
this time is to allow a large enough
proportion of the young trees to lift
their foliage above the reach of live
stock to sufficiently restock the area.

A woodlot cannot be used for both
pasture and timber production with
satisfactory results for either purpose.
If the production of timber or wood is
not the chief consideration, but shade
in the pasture is desired, it can be pro-
vided by planting desirable shade tree
species where they are most needed.
These methods are suggested only as
a compromise for those who, for vari~
ous reasons, feel the necessity of pas~
turing the farm woodlot. - .

-§n-._--,__'___,___

 

 

__,___,,._1 -._..._.._. 7.. __._____....._ ___._.__. .

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

‘ MARCH 18, 1916.

Farm Notes

Lime on Muck and Clay Land.

, I have a iece of muck land on which
I want to p ant fodder corn, which was
plowed last summer and kept worked
like a summer fallow. I have ordered
a carload of lime to use on this land,
and am thinking of: using some on a
piece of heavy land which will be
planted to corn this year with the idea
of fall plowing and seeding to alfalfa
the next spring. Would it be better
to sow this lime just before seeding?
It is ground limestone containing 53.35
per cent of calcium carbonate and
43.27 per cent of magnesia. I would
like to know how much of this lime to
sow on muck and high land, and when
to sow it.

Clinton Co. T. B.

It is quite impossible to advise defi-
nitely how much lime would give best
results on either muck or the heavy
land. Quite a liberal application should
be made on the muck soil, as it is al-
ways deficient in lime. On the high,
heavy land which is intended for al-
falfa, it would be much better to sow
same after land is plowed and work it
into the soil when it is being fitted for
corn. Ground limestone acts slowly,
and when a soil is very deficient in
lime it will not always give immedi-
ately beneficial results when the lime
is sown just previous to sowing the
alfalfa. A good many of the clay soils
of the state do not seem to need lime
for fair success with alfalfa, but there
are probably few soils of any charac-
ter except on limestone formations
which will not give better success with
alfalfa for liming. It will therefore
practically always prove profitable to
apply lime as a preparation for alfalfa.

Varying quantities of lime are sown
with equally good results by farmers
who have to deal with different soil
conditions. From two to four tons of
ground limestone per acre should ordi-
narily be applied, depending upon soil
conditions, although much heavier ap-
plications are made in some sections.
We advise these amounts respectively
for the high land and muck soil sown
this spring.

Eradicating Quack Grass.

Can you tell us how to rid a field of
grass, known to us as quack grass? So
far it is only in small patches.

Genesee Co. M. W.

\Vhere quack grass is present only
in a few small patches, perhaps the
best way to rid the field of same is by
smothering it out by covering these
patches with tar paper, weighting the
same down with stones during the
growing season. This will effectually
destroy the plants, since it will pre-
vent them from sending up new leaf
growth into the air and sunlight.

Where it has become well distribut-
ed, there is no certain method of ex-
terminating same except by such thor-
ough cultivation as to accomplish the
same purpose.

Will Sweet Clover Become a Weed?

I have been much interested in
sweet clover but have not heard from
anyone in regard to the result of plow‘
ing down sweet clover for green ma-
nure. Will it come up in a cultivated
crop and become a weed pest? I have
80 acres mostly light sandy soil, which
has been run on which I am thinking
of trying sweet clover to build it up.
”Livingston Co. M. J. M.
”()wingkto‘tlie persifitency with which
sweet clover clung to the roadside
wherever it became seeded, farmers
generally gained the idea that it had
the habits of a noxious weed, and
should be avoided for this reason. The
writer knows one farmer who for many
years persistently pulled every spear
which appeared along the road adja-
cent to his farm in an effort to eradi-
cate it, but finally became convinced
that it was a valuable plant instead of
a weed, and now has a field seeded to
it along this same highway from which
he sought to eradicate it.

Sweet clover is a biennial, that is, it
produces seed the second year after it
is sown, and then dies. The future

stand must come from seed matured
from these plants, so that the perpetu-
ation of this plant is entirely within

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

the control of the farmer sowing it.
Even if permitted to mature seed and
same becomes scattered on the land,
it would not, however, be a bad weed,
for the reason that it would be easily
subdued in cultivated crops, while in
grain crops it would make only a small
growth the first season, and would not
detract from the hay or pasture crop
the following year. ‘

On poor, light land of the character
described it is a valuable soil improver
for the reason that it will successfully
grow on a soil with a lower content of
humus than will any of the other
clovers.

Applying Marl Before or After
Plowing.

I have a piece of land here which
has lain idle for the last 22 years. A
year ago last summer I planted cow-
peas and cut it for hay and the same
fall I sowed it into rye. When I har-
vested the rye it was very ripe and a
goodly portion of the seed fell on the
ground and I harrowed it in and it
came up again thickly mixed with blue-
grass. I am going to give it ,a top-
dressing of marl this spring and then
plow the rye and marl under. Do you
think this would make a good seed
bed for alfalfa? Would it be better to
leave the marl on top and not plow

it in?

Muskegon Co. M. A.

As a general proposition, it is con-
sidered better to apply lime to the
plowed surface of the soil and work it
in when fitting the seed bed for alfalfa
where the alfalfa is to-be sown soon
after the application is made. Where
marl is available and is applied liber-
ally, however, this might not be as
necessary as where lime is applied in
minimum quantities as is usually the
case when a supply is not available
close at hand. In any event, if a good
liberal coating of marl is applied to
this land and same is plowed and a
firm seed bed is prepared after plow-
ing, it should be in very good condi-
tion for growing alfalfa. If it is defi-
cient in available fertility, it might
pay to apply mineral fertilizer, partic-
ularly phosphate, at time of seeding.

Apple Pomace as a Fertiziler.

We have been readers of your most
valuable paper for a long time and get
a great deal of good advice from it.
Would like to ask your advice on us«
ing apple pomace for fertilizer. I can
get quite a lot of it for the hauling.
Would like to know your opinion of it,
whether it would be good only on light
sandy soil. The pomace is from one
to three or four years old. Also, do
you think new sawdust used in stable
for bedding would be good for land?

Wayne Co. E. F. D.

According to chemical analysis one
ton of apple pomace would contain 5.2
pounds of nitrogen, 1.6 pounds of phos-
phoric acid and 4.4 pounds of potash.
Expressed in percentages these
amounts of actual plant food would be
rather small. They would be worth at
normal prices for fertilizing materials
about $1 per ton of apple pomace. In
addition to this, a ton of apple p0-
mace contains something over 200 lbs.
of dry matter, which would add some
vegetable matter to the soil.

On the other hand, it is apt to be in
a very acid condition, and might tend
to check favorable bacterial develop-
ment in the soil, thus counteracting to
some extent the value of the fertiliz-
ing ingredients and vegetable matter
added to the soil.

Only one experiment of this kind
was ever brought to the writer’s atten-
tion, in which case a considerable ap-
plication of old apple pomace was
made to a piece of light, sandy land
which had been used quite continu-
ously for growing truck crops. No
marked effect, either beneficial or del-
eterious, was noted on this soil.

Sawdust used in a stable for bed-
ding will not injure the value of the
manure for, applying to the soil. It is
a fairly good absorbent and will, like
other organic matter, be converted in-
to humus in time.

 

W. N. Scarff, New Carlisle, Ohio,
sends upon request his 1916 year book
listing a large line of small fruit
plants, fruit trees and farm and gar-
den seeds.

‘ llImmmmmmlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmlllllllllllllllllmlllllmlllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllllllllIllllllll"lllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllmlllllmmmlfllmmllllllllIllllllllInllllllllllllmlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmmlllllllmlmmllIlllllllllmlllllllllllll"llllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllIllIllfllflmllllllllllllllllllllllllllllnflflllllmmmnnllll

 

lillmmm‘lml'lllllllllllllllllllllClllllllllllllllllll

 

   
 
 
 
 
  
    
 

 

 

 

 

 
 

lqom- -..----"'K:
f ; a
, ' y .

 

    

I
'IIuIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlll”

Suppose the oil is too losses in our complete Chart of

light in body for your Automobile Recommendations,
motor' printed, in part, below.

, The body of the grade of
It then falls to seal-Up Gargoyle Mobiloils specified for
the Clearance between your car, in this Chart, insures
the piston, piston rings the proper seahngpf the clear-
and C lindcr walls Part ance betweenthepistons,plston-
Y . ’ rings and cylinder walls.
of the compressmn and
part of each explosion

The superior quality or lu-
bricating efficiency of the oil
then escape down past the
rings. The result is

specified—its ability to give full

lubrication under

weakened power. 6i ‘ the heat of service
Or: The oil
may be too heavy

‘////,/’/ —is too well-
////, ~
in body.

   

$,.'/// / / I .,
4;”; 7 ’ known to need

It then _ o 0 discussion.
failstomaintainthe MObllOlls

proper Oil filfn 'or Agrad: for ear/1 type of motor In buying Gargoyle
to reach all friction ‘1 Mobiloils from your

points. Excess friction results deem!“ i1: safest £0 Hm?“ i3

- - ongma pac ages. 00 or re re

“nil/111:8 a.t:endant powffrcifm; a Gargoyle on the container. For in-
o Ol'lS s are now n in

. formation, kindly address anyinquiry
safe-guard against these power to our nearest office.

 

 

CORRECT AUTOMOBILE LUBRICATION

Explanation: The four grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils for gasoline motor
lubrication, purified to remove free carbon, arc:

Gargoyle Mobiloil “A" Gargoyle Mobiloil “E”

Gargoyle Mobiloil “B” Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic"
In the Chart below, the letter opposite the car indicates the grade of Gargoyle
Mobiloils that should be used. For example, “A” means Gargoyle Mobiloil
“A," “Arc” means Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic, ” etc. The recommendations
cover all models of both pleasure and commercial vehicles unless otherwise noted.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

   

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MODEL 0) I911 l9l2 I913 1914 [915 MODEL 0! 191.1 [912 1913 1914 ms
85 g b a; ‘- b B b .. S t» “ k “ "
.. s § § 3 “’ 3 °’ “ 5
ms gagséggaga cans gggaaggésa
mathsuw‘smatfia~ w‘m‘d’i'swgtzg
Abbott Detroit ...... A Are. A Arc. A ,Arc.Arc.Arc.ArC Am. Murine......._. A Arc. A re. A Arc..... ..
American ..... . ..... A Arc- A Arc. A An: A [Arc.. ., '- Knight ...... A A A A
Appetson ........... Arr ArnArL‘. YL‘ Arc.Arc.Aranrc. Arc. rc. ‘Moon (4 cyl.) ...... Arc.Arc.Arc.fkc,Arc Arc A Arc.Arc.Arc.
Auburnégcyg ...... A A A A A A AA "A AA rc. A” (6cyl.) ................. .. ...,'.... Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.
‘ cy ....... '... .. . .. . .. . . .. ... re: re re Arc. '.ilionul.M,.~,“, A A _A A A A A A A H“
Avery .............. A E A A A A A A A A ‘ Oaklzmd ............ A Arc. A Arc. A Arc Art‘.Arc.Arc.’:’:rc.
" (Modal C) I Ton .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . .. Arc. Arc. :lrc.,Arc. Oldsnmbile .. . A Arc.Arc.Arc. Arc.
Buick .............. A Are. A Are A Arc. A Arc Arc.Arc. 0vcrlund.... ., . Arc. re Arc,Arc,
‘ . AnxAri lrc.Arc.Arc.Arc Packard ..... . . . A c. A Am.
. ............ArC.Arc. Paige ....... u -‘ A A AA";
A Arc A Arc. A re A Arc. " ((vcyl) ........ .... .... ....Arc.Am.
Arc, ’lic \rc.Arc A [AA Arc.Arc. Pathfinder ......... A Arc Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.
., ,, Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc. .Pl’L‘llllOI' ............. A Arc. A Are. A Arc. A Are. A fire,
3 B B B 13 B B ... .Arc.Arc/\rc..........,....
,... Arr. ArcfircArr:~ .Arc. \rc ArcArcArc. AreArQ
. .. A A A ArcArcArc, A rho. A Arc. A Are. A Arc,
. rc.Arc.Arc/\rc Arc Arc Arc.Arc.. E E E E-
f“ Am A Am A A A Am .Arc. A Are. A Arc.Arc.Arc.
. ... . ' .. ' _ _ . Arc.Arc. .Arc.Arc.Arc. A A A A
.1; E Arc.AArc.AArc.AAnc.
ArcArc. Wh‘ (écyl.) ~--v---‘m...“...-L...Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.
. . 2A ._ ‘ ital...‘ .......... Arc.Arc.Arc. rc.Arc.Arc. Arc. rc.Arc.Arc.
Africa: 1“,“? A“ . n Arc Arc.‘ Wintun . . , . ... ., . . Arc.Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc. rc Arc.Arc. Arc.Am
.... ....Arc.Arc
r. e E E E E E 3' TRACTORS
.AATC.AATC.5AAA a: It.
A Arc. A Arr..... . .. Modclcl E ‘5 Model of E g
v . .. . .... .. .ArcArcfirc-Arc. Tractor g 3" Tractor E L"
A ,Ar.c, A Arc. A Arc. Arc m : 5
“mi n...u._..uu- A AT;- A iA—YC- A AreArr A" A" "" Aulunan-‘l‘aylor Hart Parr ----------- i A
fiupmobiie' ......... -... .. . .. .. A Arc. A An;- A Arc, (4 cyl. horizontal) A Arc. Hm
“ (Model 20) Are Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc/\rc. . Avery ................. B A, 2 cyl. horizonul) A Arc.
LH.C.§air) ........ B A B A B A Best ............ B A Lli. ‘ ............... A Arc.
“ waver) .. A A A A A A BiglFour(20)- -~ A Arc lmpcriulUIO) ......... B A
lntemational...- B B B A .... Bull ................. A Lambert (Model x A Arc
Intenwte...... A Are. A Arc A Arc. A Are A Arc. Bullcy (ModelAlln A A Leader (Heavy Duly A Arc.
Ickson ....... A Are. A Arc. A Axc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc. l‘lollCarcrpillu,..... A A Lion ................. A A
cflery ...... A A A Arc. C.O. . M.6LM ............. A A
“ Cpm'] v ..ArnArnArcArnAmArC. A Are. (2 cyi.-horiaontai) A Arc. Nichols 6c Shepard
mg ............. “A E A E A B A A A Ami ending (2 cyl. horizontal) A Arc
(8 cyl)., ... . U .1-“ ,n. ”Al... . .. , ~- ~ “AFC-Amy (ModelstEc C)“ A A Rhio ----------------- Arc Arc.
Kind-Kn .......... A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A An“; Eagle ................. A A ccvcs (40) .......... A
“ “ Com’l ..... Arc Are Arr Arr Arr Arr. A Arc. A Ad. E. 8. Farm .......... A re. Rumcly ..... A Arc.
"J. “ Mods] 68), A A .A A Emcrsonliranlinzh'm Russell..............v A Arc.
xfigu," u >A A A A A A A A A AEC‘ (ModclL—Big4-20) A Arc. Simplex
Lozier..,....,......Arc.ArC.Arc.Are.Arc.Arc. A Arc Fairbaflki Morse ----- A Arc. (4'51’l- horizontal)” A Arc.
Emma-nun“... A E A Arc. A Arc Arc.Arc.ArL.Arc; Fquuhar ............ A Arc. Stritc................. A A
armon ............ A [Arc A Arc. A Art. A \rc A Arc. Flour City ............ A Arc. Twin Ciiy ............ A A
Maxwell.... ...uAgLAnLAIcAn‘ n~ Arc.Arr.Arc Arl‘ Anv‘ " "( leavyDuty). B A Universal
Met: ............... Arc A Art. A Arc A re. A Arc l ray .................. A A (ModclsA& B)“ Arc.Arc.
Mitchell ............ A Arc} A An A Arc A A” A Hackney Auto Plow. A A Wallis (Type D).... A Arc;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stationary and Portable Engines

Your oil must meet the heat conditions in your engine. Many oils thin out
too much under engine-heat. Three troubles result: (1) Compression escapes
and power is lost. (2) The cylinder walls are exposed to friction. (3) Excess
carbon is deposited. The oils specified below will prove cfhcient.

Water-cooled engines—Use Gargoyle Mobiloil “A” in summer; use
Gaygoyle Mobiloil ”Arctic" in winter. Air-cooled engines—Use Gargoyle
Mobiloil “B” the year 'round.

Tractors

The design of your engine must determine the correct oil. Send for booklet

containing Gargoyle Mobiloils Chart of Recommendations for tractors.

Mobilubricant—ln the patented Handy Package. The correct grease for
transmissions, differentials and compression cups of automobiles. The spout fits
the filling plug opening of the Ford and all other cars. Mobilubricant is just the
thing for farm machinery. Simply turn the key. No dirt, no waste, no trouble.

VACUUM OIL COMPANY, Rochester", N. Y., U. S.A.

Specialists in the manufacture of high-grade lubricant: for
every class of machinery. Obtainablc everywhere in the world.

Detroit Ne _w York Philadelphia

Minneapolil
Boston Chicago Indiana Pittsburgh

Domestic Branches :

llllll[lullllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll.l.lllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllluIlllllllllIlllllllllIIllIlllllIlllllllllllllllllflllllllIll"lull!!!llllllllllmllllllll"Illl I": .. w

hill!llllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllIllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllmmmflmfluflllmlflnummmflflmflflflmflmflflflfllflmmllllflmflflflfluflllllllll

  

 


TH'E'MIcriI’éfi

 

N F'A'ii'iu E R; T

Mancfi’is, 1916. 'l " ’

 

 

THE RAIN»! SEASON

CONQUERED BY

WTHE TOWER SYSTEM
QORN CULTURE

Tower Cultivators went into the fields
three days earlier than the shovels
alter a rain. Earlier maturity of the
corn was the result.

‘.'. ll. Peck, Hull, lll., writes:

_“We can use surface cultivators after a
ram three days sooner than a shovel plow
and (to a better job.”

ll.‘l.. Chapman, Jerseyville, Ill., writes:

‘It was a wet season—with Your two-
row Tower Cultivator; corn had only 3
plowmgs, but was remarkably clean."

Adams Co. Agric. Extension Ass’n, De-
catur, Ind., reports :-—“'_l‘ower Cultivator
greatly increased the yield of corn per
acre, even in an extremely wet season.”

Spares All 'Corn Roots

 

 

These Corn Roots within Five Inches of the Surface. I
Each of the following extensive corn
farms of Illinois use 25 to 50 Tower Culti-
vators: Ill. Canning Co. and Hoopeston
Canning Co., both of Hoopeston. Ill.; Iro-
quoxs Canning Co., Onarga. 111.: Blooming-
ton Canning Co., Bloomington, Ili.: Chenoa
Canning Co., Chenoa, 111.; LeRoy Canning
Co., Leroy. TIL—because they haVe proved
the best.

Many thousands of farmers of the coun-
try use the “Tower” exclusively. Nearly
every grower of_Seed Corn uses the Tower
System because it is proved the best known.

Reader. be sure your Cultivator this
season has the name “TOWER” on the
tongue. Write us for free literature.

J. D. TOWER & SONS C0.

37th Avenue, Mendota, Illinois. I
(Original manufacturers of Surface Cultivators.)
r C
NoTired Legsl

y. atSupperTime

When you use the Kll \l'S l‘ivot

 

 

 

 

 

   
 
 
 
   
  
   
 

 

Axle (I I'L T I \'A 'I‘I ’1 I: because

V’ there is no tugginganti pushing to
guide. the unit-nine and shift; the
show-h. Just a. touch of the foot moves

theshovclsund whet-ls sidewise simultane-
ously. Every farmer kn OWS what this
means. The

KRAUS 0'4““ 9"“

Axle Cultivator

is a quick dodger in crooked rows and a perfect
hillside worker. Built of steel and malleable
imp. (lasts only lllhli‘tl us llllll'll form-pairs uuzl
depreciation as the average riding cultivator,
Our printed matter contains government
statistics to prove this claim.
Th Akron Fertilizer Attachment
for applying commercial fertilizer
while cultivating can he used

 

            
  
 

 

only on the tours. Write Ev. / 32“ ~ '1 “ (5'3;
fro booklet explaining KRA 'S K .i" ‘ _;' :.
lip—(inflate cultivating methods. i. ll. ,QJ!‘>S‘) 'il‘fi‘
[torn how to gel? bi;gcr crops _ \a h l I?" ‘1
ill 1 -:~'s expense. “In _ i | « ‘1' V
The Akron Cultivator Co. “I'll/l7 -, ,f' f »
Dept. 63, Akron. Ohio ‘ '- '55
u.—————/

 

SAVE MONEY UNLOADING

Szwv the expense of men and teams in unloiul- "
in; hay, grain, pulling timbers,
elevating ico. drilling. dieting, etc..
will an IRELAND MOIST.
“)0".ch on ench farm. Guaranteed .-
m‘ery vny. Free circulars. Ireland
Machine &.Foundry Co., :13 State
St, Norwich, N.Y. Also mfzrs. of
drug an I \V‘mld saws, mills. etc.

ALFALFAs l".

Best Hardy Non-Irrigated Seed 98.6”I Pure
9651: germination, $12.00. Government testcd. Absolutel
guaranteed Northerngrown, extremely hardly. Noise
hotter. Have ankestun Alfalfa; Sweet Clover; Timo-
Iliy: grass seed of all kinds. Ask formir latest (ii-puma
hook on growing Alfalfa. lib-page catalog and samples.
All can! Pros. We can Sine you money write tml' y.
A, A BERRV SEED CO.. Box 431, CLAIWOA, IOWA.

 

 

Ponu. Outfit Free
To Boys and Girls

We have given away 304 ponies, most of
them with a four-wheeled pony buggy,
harness, saddle and riding bridle.

Now, we are going to Give Away More
Ponies—some of the finest we could pick.

If you area. Boy or Girl send in your
name. If you are a Father or Mother. send
in your child’s name. You may get. one of
our ponies. Every child has the same
chance. Send your name right. away.

Mail This Coupon
The Farmer’s Wile Pony Club.

   
    
   
    

 

 

 

 

' 254 Webb Bids..st.rnu.Mlnn. 6.
i! Iwant one of the Ponies you are giving away. g
ll Hymunok :
2 TOWn :
: State a F.D ...... :
III-IIIIIIIlll-IIIIIII ll

er’s locality have quit farming

in the last two or three years,
that the question-naturally arises: Are
there more failures among farmers
than formerly? These young men,
probably without exception, have quit
farming because they were not able to
make it pay. Generally speaking, we
stick to the work that pays; and as a
rule, we are apt to like the task that
yields a cash profit. Some of the men
who leave the farm, doubtless feel that
some other work would be more to
their liking, but if analyzed closely, in

SO many young men in the writ-

‘almost every case, failure to get ahead

financially will be found to be at the
bottom of the matter.

In studying the question as an ob-
server, during several years and in a
variety of instances, the writer has
settled on a few chief factors which
seem to him to explain for the most
part, this notable lack of success
among farmers. In the small cities
and villages in the locality under con-
sideration, it is hard to find a. laboring
man who does not look with longing
eyes toward the farm. He thinks he
would like to try his hand as a tiller
of the soil, but is kept from realizing
his dreams by a variety of obstacles.
Now and then, a man from this class
gets to the farm, and sometimes he
succeeds. But it is not these farmers
who grew up in the towns, alone, who
come under consideration in this arti-
cle. Farmers’ sons who have never
followed any other occupation, are
quitting the farm after a few years’
experience on their own account.

An analysis of the situation would
seem to indicate that modern farm
conditions make the road to success a
more ditlicult one than formerly First
and foremost, Comes the cost of get-
ting started. In the old days, a team,
a plow, a drag, a cultivator, and a wag-
on constituted the assets, for success-
ful farming operations. Cheap labor
could always be obtained. But today
no startling aggregation of expensive
and complicated farming implements
is considered. essential to suCCessful
farming. Labor is scarce and expen-
sive and hard to get, and these modern
machines are not only labor—savers,
they take the place of the day laborer
who can no longer be obtained at any
price.

And right here comes the first great
factor in unsuccessful farming. Too

 

” Einto the farming proposition.

. z unhoused in

. many young men jump head over heels
They
iwant to start where their fathers left
Soft. They are not willing to wait until
Ethey are even in a small measure pre-
jpared. In the old days, the prospective
gfarmer was willing to work by the
jmonth or the year, till he had saved
{enough to start farming on his own ac-
‘count. But now this is a distasteful
and antequated process. The expen-
sive machinery may be purchased on
1time, at least at first, and the young
'farmer, counting his chickens before
they are hatched, plans to pay his nu-
merous debts with profits from crops
as yet unsown. So many are the debts
and so uncertain are the seasons, that
too often the first year‘s experience in
,farming is a disastrous one, and
3throws a wet blanket over all the years
that follow. The debts increase, the
unpaid—for machinery which is often
I winter, rusts out and
‘wears out, and crop failures come
much more often than was expected.
In the midst of all this the young
farmer throws up the sponge, has an
auction to pay his debts, and leaves
the farm for some other line of em-
ployment.

Another factor which beyond doubt
enters into farm failures, is the in-
creased cost of living. This cost is
partly genuine and unavoidable, and
partly superficial and unnecessary.
Here, too, the children wish to begin
where their parents left off. They are
unwilling to deny themselves for the
sake of future prosperity and stability.

 

Factors In Farm Failures

They spend lavishly and recklessly, for
luxuries. Many temptations enter in—
temptations of which the fathers and
grandfathers knew nothing. But after
all, they, too, had their temptations in
their day, and had not the farm mort-
gage and other debts have come first:
they would never have succeeded.

It is with some hesitation that this
third item in farm failuresjs mention-
ed. But is it not true that there is,
these days, a. little less hustle, a little
less willingness to do downright, hard
work, among many farmers ‘Z This is
said with the knowledge that there
are hustlers in plenty, hard workers
without number. But we are dealing
primarily with farm failures, and in
some cases, at least, the hard work
element is lacking. The grandfather
who cleared the forest with his tdugh-
ened sinews, knew more about hard
work in a week than his grandson ex-
periences in a year.

In conclusion, it is but just to say
that there have always been since the
beginning, misfits and failures on the
farm as well as in all other walks of
life. But granting this, the fact still
remains that farm failures among the
young men are far too common. In-
deed, they seem to be much more com-
mon than in former years. Conditions
mentioned, without doubt, enter very
largely into the failures. Other fad
tors there may be, for in the nature of
the case the question is a complicated
one. It may be that the grandfathers
and fathers would have done no bet-
ter, under the same conditions. The
fact, however, remains to be reckoned
with, not only today, but in the com-
ing days. Land costs more, labor costs
more, farm equipment cost more, and
it is increasingly more difficult for the
young man without means to become
a. land owner.

Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.

BETTER HIGHWAYS IN MICHIGAN.

Dayton township, Newaygo county,
has voted to expend $50,000 for good
roads this year.

Cass county will vote at the April
election on a bond issue of $200,000 for
highway improvement. It is planned
to issue 20-year bonds.

Eaton county will build over 11 miles
of good roads this season.

Grand Traverse county will build
eight miles of state reward road this
summer, making 35 miles of improved
roads in the county. Taxpayers of
Garfield township, Grand Traverse
county, have authorized the township
board to borrow $3,000 for immediate
use in road construction.

Saginaw county will build about 20
miles of new highway this season, in
addition to repair work.

Houghton county will expend $100,-
000 in road work this year, the roads
to be built including those between
Dollar Bay and Lake Linden, Lake Lin-
den and Laurium and between Calumet
and the north county line. Plans are
also being worked out, for maintaining
32 miles of road, with two systems in
View. One is the patrol plan of plac-
ing four to eight miles of road in
charge of one man, who must cover
his section daily and repair all cuts,
make small patches, trim shoulders,
cut weeds and keep ditches cleared.
The other maintenance plan is to have
a single gang of men working out from
a central point, making use of a motor
truck. The patrol plan has been tried
in this county and has not seemed to
work well on account of difficulty in
getting dependable men.

Petitions have been filed at Lansing
for construction of a stone road con-
necting Saginaw and Midland, a dis-
tance of almost 20 miles, to be built
under the new Covert law.

Calhoun county appropriated $55,000
for road work last fall and the money
will be expended this year at different
places in the townships.

Wayne county will continue its pro-

gram of concrete road building. One
crew of men will start laying concrete
on Canton Centre road connecting Ply.
mouth with Michigan avenue, another
on the Seven-mile road, working be-
tween Woodward and Grand River
roads, and a third crew on the Fort
road, which will be completed soon to
the Eureka road west of the city of
Wyandotte. The assessed valuation of.
property outside of Detroit has increas-
ed over 117 per cent since the county
road system was adopted in 1906, as
against a gain of less than 57 per cent
in Detroit, which Commissioner Hines
attributes to the building of concrete
roads.

Jackson county has awarded con-
tracts for building 10 miles of gravel
road, including three and one-fifth
miles in Blackman township, two miles
in Pulaski, and a mile each in Spring

Arbor, Tompkins and Springport,
Leoni and Waterloo.
Kent Co. ALMOND Gmrrux.

STATE CONFERENCE ON TAXES.

Under the auspices of the Michigan

State Tax Association the fifth state

conference on taxation was held March
1 and 2 at Grand Rapids. For some
reason the attendance was light, even
though the subject is near the heart
of every property owner. Nearly all
interests were considered, the farmer,
the timber man, the corporation, the
mine owner, the life insurance com-
pany and the public utilities. Then
near the close of the convention Secre~
tary George Lord of Detroit, read some
figures that were interesting. It was
shown that from a tax levy of $9.37
per capita in 1906, the levy had in-
creased to $21.56 in 1915. Closer an-
alysis of this tax money shows that the
county road tax leads, the percentage
of increase being 489, with other de-
partments as follows: State tax 181;
school tax 162; village 118; city 11?;
county 98; township 83; highway 70,
and drain tax 24 per cent.

In the state department only one
office, that of auditor general, shows a
decrease in the tax levy during the
past ten years. The state highway de-
partment shows increase of 2,773 per
cent, and other high percentages fol-
low: Game warden 451; insurance
commissioner 303; bank commissioner
209; superintendent of public instruc-
tion 167; railroad commission 164; tax
commission 155; state treasurer 115;
dairy and food department 113.

President A. B. Williams, of Battle
Creek, in his opening address said that
the amount of money raised by taxa-
tion in Michigan has increased in the
past ten years from $26,000,000 to $60,-
000,000 but that the ability to pay tax-
es had not advanced in proportion.

One remedy as proposed by D. E.
Heineman, of Detroit, is a budget sys-
tem, which would permit the Legisla-
ture to start work on the state appro~
priations as soon as the session opens,
when the law makers are usually mark-
ing time.

J. N. McBride, of Burton, discussed
the subject from the farmer’s vicw~
point, in an excellent paper which is
reproduced in another column of this
issue.

The resolutions as adopted favor a
tax limitation bill, a provision that spe-
cific taxes on mortgages shall apply
for five years and be relieved at the
end of that period, a state budget sys-
tem and that the state tax commission
be made the board of equalization, or
a. majority of that board.

A committee of seven members was
appointed to make a survey of tax
conditions in the state and to publish
results in the form of bulletins, show-
ing legislators and the general public
existing conditions. Prof. David Fri-
day, of the U. of M., of Ann Arbor, is
the new president of the association.
George E. Lord and John A. Russell,
of Detroit, were re-elected as secretary
and treasurer respectively.

 

500 Club list on page 4i3

is “W L...“r~:.‘ . -

 

 


 

. 4-...-

}.

 

 

 

MARCH 18, 1916.
THE HUNTING NUISANCE.

The article, “The Farmer vs. the
Sportsman,” in your issue of February
19, is one to which every farmer
should say amen. My only excuse in
writing further is because “the half
has not been told.”

In this section of Michigan, about
30 miles from Detroit, there are two
classes of so-called sportsmen, those
who come out from the city in auto-
mobiles and those who live in the
country and whose sole property is us-
ually a dog. It is hard to say which of
these is more of a nuisance. All
through the fall, after the season 0p-
ened, auto loads of hunters came out
here every Sunday and made life un-
safe for the stock on the late pasture.
A friend of mine reported the loss of
two young cattle, shot in this way, but
never found out who did it. Between
times the local hunter ranges over the
farms, killing everything in the line of
game and ruining the fences. In one
forenoon, I counted that'hunters climb-
ed my fence in one place 13 times, an
unlucky number for me, as the wires
now sag and several are broken.

If the hunters could be kept off the
farm, the owner and his friends might
be able to get a rabbit now and then,
which is almost impossible now. And
worse than that, no matter how care-
fully the quail have been encouraged
during the summer, with the coming
of the autumn, they are all pretty
much killed off, which is a real calam-
ity to the farm. '

Posting the property seems a waste
of time. Evidently law-observing citi—
zens do not hunt, for your real hunter
will either sneak in behind a hill or
come in openly in the owner’s absence.
\Ve hesitate to prosecute these people
as they deserve, for in so doing we
incur the enmity of a class who may
do still more harm.

Perhaps someone may suggest a
remedy. Until then, let. us petition for
a closed season on game and an open
one on hunters.

Livingston Co. C. R. Ross.
INOCULATING ALFALFA AND

CLOVER.

A report from a foreign agricultural
society gives results of the effect of
different methods of inoculation on the
crop as shown in the harvest two years
after seeding. The methods employed
included no inoculation, commercial
culture applied to the seed, commercial
culture applied to the soil, soil from
an old alfalfa field, soil from an old
alfalfa field plus two tons of lime-
stone per acre, and no inoculation but
two tons of limestone; The yields of
dry matter per acre in three cuttings
by the different methods were, respec-
tively, 7,343, 7,750, 7,533, 7,969, 7,969,
and 7,934 pounds, and the average pro-
tein content as 16.34, 14.4, 16.97, 17,
18.02, and 16.67.

The effect of inoculation of alfalfa
with soil from a sweet clover field is
shown in yields per acre as follows:
No inoculation, 1,417 pounds; with
sweet clover~soi1, 3,028 pounds; and
with alfalfa soil, 3.022 pounds. The
protein contents were 12.7, 15.79, and
15.55 per cent, respectively.

The effect of inoculation of sweet
clover with soil from alfalfa and sweet
clover fields was to produce enormous
increases in the yield of dry matter
and to reduce slightly the percentage
of protein. There was a large increase
in the yield of both tops and roots of
alfalfa and sweet clover as a result of
inoculation, and the gain in weight
was an actual increase in dry matter
per plant and not an increase in the
number of plants growing upon a given
area of soil.

“The Care and Repair of Tires,” is
a handsomely printed and finely illus-
trated booklet of 48 pages published
by the Firestone Tire & Rubber Co.,
of Akron, Ohio. It contains informa-
tion of value to every user of pneu-
matic tires, and pointers which will
aid materially in the reduction of tire
expense.

i ,'l.

 

NE man and the Aspinwall plant 5 to 8 acres of po-
tatoes a dayvand plant them rlght. Machine opens furrow,
drops seed—any size -any distance, covers, marks next row, and
if desired, sows fertilizer all in one o oration. Com,Pea, and
Bean planting attachment furnishe when wanted.

Aspinwall Potato Plan

60,000 Users. Wo r l d ' s
Olden and Largest Makers
of Potato Machlncry. Will
answer personally any questions on

Potato Growmg. Write for free booklet.

439 Sabln Stu-cot
Culture. Planters, Sprayers, Dlggorc. Sorta".

 

John Deere Corn Planter
The Accurate “Natural Drop” Planter

CCURATE—-becnuse it has the “Natural-Selec-
tion" drop—an improvement over all other
mohhods.

Kernels do not have to be tipped on edge to enter

the cells. Surface of hopper bottom and opening:
to seed cells are oblique, or sloping. The kernels
naturally move toward and fill the cells.

A fullwvariablo drop planter. Plants two, three
or four kernel; as desired—all you do to change num-
ber in the hill is to move foot lever.

Drilling distances varied, and change from hilling
to drilling or back to hilling made just as easily.

All corn plates for this planter have 16 cells. There-
fore, the some drilling distances are obtained with one
plate as can be secured on other planters that require
8, 12 and 16 cell plates.

The gears are always in mesh and can be shifted at
any time (even when in operation) to change drop or
drilling distances.

Investigate the John Deere tip-over hoppers, quick
detachable furrow openers, undcrhung reel and disc
marker without rope.

Write for free booklet, “More and Better Corn."

 

John Deere Syracuse Plows
The Plows with Perfect Fitting Parts

SYRACUSE shares fit perfectly—extra shares go on
easily. A smooth joint is formed between share
and moldboard and share draws up snugly to its place.

Remember that Syracuse cast shares are chilled
throughout their entire cutting edge and point. The

under side of point and cutting edge is also chilled—-

of vital importance in preserving the proper pitch
and extending the period of usefulness.

Two bolts in the share instead of one and there is
a rib on back of share that strengthens share and
standard. Lug holds moldboard and share closely
together.

ln addition John Deere Syracuse Plows are built
with long handles, which produce steady running
qualities and make the plow handle easily in the
furrow.

Write for free literature on the 31 series, combina-
tion plows, for use where land is somewhat rolling
or where it is desired to turn furrows smoothly up
or down on sloping land.

Also the 342 series,combination Plows, for use in
sandy or gravelly soil, turf or stubble; the 26 series
hillside plows, light weight, clean turning plows that
do excellent work in hillside or level land.

 
 

ter

 

ASPINWALL MANUFACTURING co.
Jackson, Mlclilgnll

HE MICHIGAN FARMER

  

John Dee

.
v . . 2 Jr
«quilt-Lu. man

John Deere Dealers Everywhere

Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them

BOOK FREE—168 page reference book—tolls all about a complete line of farm implea
menta and how to adjust and use many of them. A practical encyclopedia of farm
implements. Worth dollars. Described and illustrates: Plows for Light Tractors; Steel
and Chilled Walking and Riding Plows; Disc Flows; Cultivators; Spring Tooth and Spike
Tooth Harrows; Lister Flows and Cultivators;
Farm and Mountain Wagons: Teaming Gears; Manure Spreaders; Inside Cup and Port-
able Grain Elevators; Corn Shellers; Hay Loaders, Stackcrs, Sweep Rakes, Mowers, Self-
Hay Presses; Kaffir Headers; Grain Drills and

Disc Harrows; Alfalfa and Beet Tools;

Dump Sulky and Side Delivery Rakes;

Seeders; Grain Binders; Corn Binders; Gasoline Engines. This book sent free to every
one who states what special implements he is interested in and asks for Package

No. X's-

John Deere, Moline, Illinois
WHITE SWEET $5

  
 
 
   
  
  
 
    

 

‘_ ,1... ., > >

re Plows for Light Tractors
High and Level Lift

PRACTlCAL—thc right size. for the average farm.
Work with any standard tractor. Controlled by
the man on the tractor.

, Pull the rope and all bottoms raise high and level.
Another pull lets them down. Plows do not clog or
gather trash on the turn.

Extra beam and bottom, readily attached, in—
creases regular two bottom plow to three, or regular
three bottom to four, as desired.

Equipped with Quick Detachable Shares—save 80%
time changing shares. Write for free booklet.

     
 
  

  

a m... ‘..,,_...., g... _-
_ fiMVA‘t’N" 72:“ ~ .
.i~ ' ‘

L ".

  

.-‘
1:. «5,29, .1 . .. f,
'\ La r’fidfififb is?”

John Deere Disc Harrow
The Flexible Spring Pressure Disc

MODEL B—the only disc that cuts at even depth
its entire width. It has 'a patented spring
pressure lever. With this lever, pressure can be
regulated at inner ends of gangs to cut out dead
furrows or disc ridges without burying the harrow.

The Model“B”does not crowd toward the bottom on
hillsides or in overlapping. The gangs are indepen-
dent of each other and can be given the proper angle
to work right under such conditions.

Write for free booklet, “Bigger Crops from Better
Seed Beds.” .

‘}fif.1"' - .

John Deere Spreader

The Spreader with the Beater on the Axle
NLY hip high to the top. Wheels out of way

when loading. Mounting the beater on the
axle is patented. Write for Spreader booklet.

Three exclusive John Deere Spreader features:
[1] Beater on the axle—nothing else like it. [1]

[21 Revolving Rake—load moving back to beater
revolves the rake. Draft actually less. Even
spread certain-—-no bunching. [2]

[3] Ball Bearing Eccentric Apron Drive—requires
no attention. Performs wonders in the
working of the spreader.

VER

on best tested, guarantecdlsecd. .nple Free.

" ' "4‘~““~5~.~.W

n, pl

  

    

 

mense crops, worth from $50 to $725 or acre. Easv to
start, grows everywhere, on all soils. rite today for on
Big lQO- )age free catalog and circular about unhullcd an
scanner hulled swuet clover. Wt, mm save you money

A. A. BERRY SEED 00., BOX 931, CLARINDA. IOWA

40

Per
Bu.

’BlGGEST MONEY-MAKER KNOWN—INVESTIGATE

lhe greatest forage plant. that grows. Superior to all
as a fertilizer. Equal to Alfalfa for hay. Excels for pas-
ture. Builds up worn-out soil quickly and produces im-

 

l’lANT MICHIGAN G ll 0 W N C 0 ll N

l have a limited stock grown riuht ll('l‘(‘ of line dried

semi ('o‘n, Madison Yellow Dem, Ltermlnation about 98
per cent. Price while it hum. per bushel. on cars. (70
ll)s., net) $6.00, shelled from choice ears $5.00 per bushel.
No discount. 5 sample cars by express 2.50. (‘ash with

order.’l‘hls is the best ‘.'1-llowl)i-m grown in Michigan.
H. (I. OVEN. Ovid, Clinton Co. Mich. Near Owosso.

 

 

 

 

 

National Fire Proofing Company -

0
Use NATCO Drain Tile—Last Forever
Farm drainage needs durable tile. Our drain tile are made of
best Ohio clay, thoroughly bard burned.
to be replaced every few years. Write for prices.
lots. Also manufacturers of the famous NATCO IMPERISH-
ABLE SILO, Natco Building Tile and Natco ‘~ Sewer Pipe.

1115 Fulton Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. GLOVE laid);ligagigninltggfgggtmthfl.

Don't have to dig ‘em up
Sold in carload

Seed. Winter Vetch, etc.
samples amlsperial price list.

 

WHITE SWEET CLOVER

Speciallv treated for quick erminntion.
Also Fancy Medium ammoth,
Alsike and Alfalfa Clovers. Timothy
Ask for
Youn -
Randolph Seed Co., Owosso, Mlc .

 

 

 

 

sw E E luuds Worn am So". Has higher

protein content than alfalfa. Write

 
   
    

 


 

erYourHouse
it! With Pipes
and Flues ?

(Conn-lam 1916by'l'he MonitorSMoAMCo.)
‘\~ " Make your house comfortable. Many
. farm home owners are deterred from
_ . ' ' installing a furnace through unwillingness to
mutilate the house in 0 er to put in pipes. This trouble and expense
are now unnecessary because we offer you

A Patented One Register Furnace

Qur wonderful invention makes this possible. You out just one hole for a register im-
mediately above our furnace and the warm air circulates through the house. No pipes or
flues. Your house is cozy from top to bottom. Can be installed in any house. new or old.
almolit as efily as a stove. By digging a pit you can even put it in a house that has
no ce ar. 0

Easy

To a" AL R I {all
Install W Money
twd to use 35% less fuel. Special rib epot gives 600 square inches greater

ls guaran

heat radiation than the average firepot. There are no_ pipes running through the house
and cellar to waste heat. The ribbing provides a free air circulation which permits thorough
burning of coal without wasteful clinkers. No ashes clinging to flrepot to retard circulation.
The Caloric Pipeless Furnace burns coal. coke or wood e ually well. It does away with
the disagreeable task of carrying e1 upstairs and ashes down
org stairs. I keeps the upstairs rooms and _hails.uniformly heated

:___ at all times.

It is safe for children because there are no hot registers in
upstairs rooms to burn them. This is the one furnace that will not
spoil your produce in the basement.

, Takes less cellar room than an ordinary furnace and SBVfl

Stove room through the house.

Our Liberal Guarantee

Put this furnace in your home and give it a thorough try-
out. If it is not perfect y satisfactory we'll make
it so any time within one year from date of
purchase. You can’t go wrong when you fit
our house with the Caloric Pipeless Furnace
ause we absolutely guarantee it.
Ask Your Dealer or Write For Catalog
If there is a Caloric dealer in your town
he will gladly give you a copy of this book
and show you the furnace. f there is no
dealer write us direct.

. Monitor Stove & Range
‘ Company
205 Cost St. Cincixmati. Ohio

Wh

 

\.

.l.;‘

  

 

. Don’ t Pot Your Trees

Spade-dug holes, like pots,
confine and cramp the roots.
Set your trees out in blasted
holes. Stop the big percentage
of early losses. Make them
grow sturdy, hearty and fast.
Cash in on your investment
quicker by getting earlier
yields.

 
   

    

 
 

 

Red Cross Farm Powder

lightens labor and increases profits.
It loosens the earth, makes better
rootngc. and provides increased nourishment
for young trees. It rcjuvcnatcs old trees
and makes them bear.

GET THIS 816 BOOK FREE
Describes the 11w of Ill-d (‘rms Farm Powder for
tree planting. lzuirl clearing. subsoiling, ditching and
many other things. Tells what this modern method
has done for hundreds of orchardists and farmers.
Write to—day for this interesting Ills-page
Handbook of Explosives No.100-F

E. l. du Pont de Nemours & Co.

Wilmington. Delaware

some“ g£l.-;_al4ul~x..lé- ._
V' Drarcnfrom artual photo—Not: marked diflrrrnct
in growth betwrm me planted in 1110:!er [LU]! and
lrz‘r’ planted in Jpadt-dug 1101!.

Practical Proofs
E. J. BARKER, Beech Bluff. Tenn,

says: “I would not set trees with-
out first subsoiling with explosives,
cvcn if it cost four times the
amount.”

. C. SAYLOR, Penna, saw:
"Blasted trees the finest in the
orchard."

0. C. LANGFIEIJ), Calif, says:
“Planted 14,000 truce with dyna-
mite—advanced value of land from
$15 to $200 per acre in less than

3 Illlllllll“

 
    
 
   
 
  
   
  
       
     
     
   
      
        
            
   
    
    
     
 

 

7 \Write to- the. Men-Who. Know

"a There is a great difierence in spray pumps and

spraying apparatus. One kind is made by practical

orchardists and has been improved through over 20 years of orchard
success.Writcaletterorpostcard toMorrill&Morlenyg.Co. Findout about

, Eclipse Spray Pumps
In use in more successful orchards than all other makes. Used by
U. S. Departmentongriculture. Find out what Eclipse offers in
more profits for orchards. vineyards or potato fields. Address

Send for F rec Catalogue

We Have a Story for You

 

 

 

Fruit and Vegetable Packages

OF ALL KINDS. Specialties—Bushel Baskets,
Climax Baskets for Peaches, Grapes, Melons, Etc.
Berr ' Boxes, Baskets and Grates. Best of Quality and service.
Cata 0g sent on request.

THE PlERCE-WlLLlAMS C0. South Haven, Mich.

   
  
  

MAL
and SHRUBS of all kinds. Sand for Catalog.
T. B. WEST, MAPLE BEND NURSERY, Lock Box 108, PERRY, 0.

 

 
 
   

 
 

 

Th ErMIéfifiGAjN A F’iAii M BR.

AST year peach prices were low
and many commercial orchard~
ists lost money. It will soon be

time for the annual round of pruning,
spraying, cultivation, etc., and many
growers are apt to wonder if the time
and money spent in caring for a com-
mercial peach orchard will bring its
reward in the fall. No prediction can
be made concerning this year's peach
crop, but last year "the growers learned
a lesson, and possibly better methods
of distribution will be devised before
another harvest. In either case, the
grower with a well cared for orchard
will be the one to profit, and like all
other farmers, peach growers will have
to be optomistic and live on hope for
another year or get out of the busi-
ness. Kicking on last year‘s profits
will never grub any trees, fill up va-
cant spots, or smother the scale. Pos-
sibly next year the peach market will
be good and the work this spring will
largely determine the quality of the
crop from your farm.

Annual Pruning Necessary.

Pruning the peach is an annual job.
It requires some skill which can be de-
veloped by constantly observing well-
l‘ormed trees and trying to make every
tree you touch with the pruning tools
correspond to the ideal form as near
as possible. \l'hen pruning remember

”Million $11916.

Spring Work In the Peach Orchard

removed because of severe breaking or
old age. In filling in these places the
orchard map is necessary to determine
the missing varieties so that the fillers
may be selected of the same variety.
Careless planting of varieties gives the
grower a mixed—up orchard which is
expensive to harvest as different vari-
eties ripen at different times and it is
extra work to pick the trees in a mix-
ed orchard and many trees may be
neglected and harvested when the fruit
is too ripe for shipment.

The site for an orchard is important,
especially if you are trying to make
peaches commercially profitable. If
peach trees have consistently refused
to do well in any certain location, and
they are all dead, it means low alti-
tude, poor drainage, etc. It scarcely
pays to replant peaches in such a 10—
cality and it is better to try some oth-
er i'ruit or use the land for another
purpose. All through the state there
are small peach orchards sold by nur-
sery'agents who sell their product on
beautiful yellow pictures. Many of
these trees may thrive and produce
crops, 3. good many of them will just
naturally freeze out some cold winter
night and the farmer will find that
time and money have been wasted.
There are very few locations in the
state suitable for peach growing out-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

:llll‘ direction of the prevailing winds
‘and prune the young trees so that their
.growth will be directed in the direc-
llion of the. wind. This will assist, in
fpreventing lop-sided trees. Leave an
foutside bud where. the twig is nipped
lby the shears so that the growth of
the tree will be continued outward.
{Phree or four strong branches should
lform the framework of a your g pouch
:lre-e, these, branches should not; cross
fund should not form dangerous crotch-
les if it can be avoided. The iree with
'all of its branches starting from a com-
fmon point is more apt to break down
‘in a strong wind, especially at a time
lwhen the tree is carrying a heavy crop
10f fruit.

Careful pruning prevents over-pro-
duction and reduces the thinning bills
later in the season. There is no men-
ey in raising a crop of culls and over-
bearing mcans a devitalized tree and
a cull crop. The first year of pruning;
the general form of the year is start-
ed, ihe second year the new shoots
should be shortened about half and
after that the annual pruning off of
about one-half to one-third of the pre-
vious year’s growth will keep the tree
headed back and in good condition for
fruit production. Keep the heads of
the trees open to allow the light to
penetrate the foliage, remove all in-
jured branches and broken wood and
you soon have an orchard that will re-
quire just alittle pruning for each tree
and the trees will be easy to spray and
harvest.

Filling the Vacancies.

An important feature of the spring
orchard work is the ordering of varie-
ties to fill in the vacant places where
trees have died of disease or have been

 

For Good Results Give Peach Trees Annual Prunings.

ride of the fruit belt, and while the
home peach orchard in any section
does not risk much money, peaches
are risky enough in the land where ev-
erything is in their favor.

Plant Only in Suitable Locations.

In considering the spring orchard
work as far as pouches are concerned,
it should mean, plant something else
unless your site is good for peaches.
The peach grower on a poor site must
compete with the grower who is pro-
ducing the fruit under conditions as
ideal as they :an be found and this
means ihul, the grower working on
land unsuited for pouch production
must suffer a severe handicap.

Spraying of the peach is necessary.
The winter spray of lime-sulphur is
practically always used by commer-
cial orchardisls. This may be applied
at any time before the leaf buds begin
to swell. The summer spraying of
peaches for brown rot and curculio is
rapidly becoming necessary in many
sections of the state. Bulletins of
great value to peach growers are pub-
lished by the Michigan Experiment
Station and the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture. Spring work in
the peach orchard is important and
expensive; it means that the grower
must invest money which will not be
returned until marketing time; it
means that the grower with a half-
dead orchard of mixed varieties on a
poor site is carrying on a risky busi-
ness and will be safer in producing
some other crop. It also means that
the grower with a good orchard has
no reason to lose his nerve at this
time. Peaches are the best of dessert
fruits and the demand can hardly fail
to increase. R. G. KIRBY.

 

 

 


 

 

 

,IQMAchgs.,pie.

HILE waiting till the erection of

a more expensive and substan-

tial structure is advisable, we
are using a forcing bed that cost little
outside of the sash and glass. With
the thought in mind that the plan may
be of interest to others in like situa:
tions we describe it for their possible
benefit.

First, in heating after this plan it is
necessary that there be perfect drain-
age for the first three feet of soil. The
location of our forcing bed provides
for ample drainage, and there is an in-
clination of the surface of about eight-
een inches, in fifty feet, sufficient to
provide for ample draft in the flues.
Entrance to fiues is about two-thirds
of the way up in each back corner.
These run the length of the bed about
eighteen inches from outside.

For heating we built a furnace of
concrete, 3x3x3 feet, level with the sur-
face, or nearly so. The walls are pro-
tected on the outside with dirt, which
is necessary for the reason that the

.' ‘9... .
3‘. 4 an? S 'EB...

heat will crack the concrete. For this
reason 'we keep a little dirt on the top,
which is also of concrete.

The Heating Arrangements.

For a door we had a piece of heavy
sheet iron out 2x114; feet, with an op-
ening 4X6 inches provided with a hing-
ed door foradjustable draft. A narrow
strip of iron riveted to this provides
means for handling the door. In build-
ing, the form was made so that the
door fits the concrete casing, but this
door is not hinged. In each back cor-
ner, about two-third way up openings
were left for flues, which consist of
six—inch concrete tile, home-made.
These tiles also answer for chimneys.
Experience has shown that this size of.
flue is not sufficient. Then, too, they
soon fill in with soot. This spring we
shall use concrete blocks laid over a
trench 8x12 inches. For obvious rea-
sons the soil over the fines at the fur-
nace end must be deeper than at the
Upper end. Six inches at the upper
end increasing to sixteen inches at the
furnace will be about right.

The plants may be grown in the
ground soil proper, or in flats, as pre-
ferred. To get the plants nearer the
glass we have been using flats at the
furnace end. After the ground has be-
come thoroughly warmed the tempera-
ture of the soil is quite evenly main-
tained.

The Hot Water Coils.

To assist in heating, we have two
coils of inch pipe in the furnace con-
necting with a supply tank at the up-
per end. The outgoing pipes go up on
the outside of the bed, and return at
the sides of the passageway through
the center. Ordinarily the outgoing
pipes are too hot for the hand, and the
same is true of the water in the tank,
at times. The plumbing, if it can be
rightly so termed, was done by our-
selves. The coils are, of course, per-
manent fixtures, but by the use of
union joints at the tank connections,
the line piping is easily removed, and

 

gfrHE laMICHIjGAqI’j EARMER

A Practical Greenhouse for Farmers

is used in our irrigating outfit when
needed. Connection is made at the
tank. (We use the cooling tank from
our gasoline engine, having substituted
a bucket there, but a barrel would an-
swer the purpose quite as well). By
using a piece of pipe, long threaded
on one end and projecting into the
tank, with a lock-nut on both inside
and outside and leather or rubber
washers, it is easy to get a water-tight
joint.

The walls are of inch boards twelve
inches wide. Stakes driven in the
ground hold the boards upright. The
sash bars and ridge pole are of hem-
lock 2x134 inches. The bars are bev-
eled and toe-nailed both to the wall
board and ridge pole. Mortising would
have made a more satisfactory and
workman-like job. A trench through
the center provides a passageway.
Boards secured to stakes along the up-
per edge of this trench protects the
edge of the bed and the plants near-
est. Our bed is only ten feet wide. It

 

 

 

This Cheaply Constructed Forcing House is ideal for Early Plants.

might have been made eleven feet wide
just as well, by increasing the depth of
the trench. The front wall comes ev-
en with the front end of the furnace,
the furnace door being on the outside.
At this end the gable is glass; the
other end (north) is‘boarded up. As
yet we have only glass enough for two-
1hirds of the bed, using linseed oil
treated muslin for the remainder. This
forcing-bed is not prepossessing but
when the interior is filled with husky
vegetable plants the crudeness of the
structure is not so noticeable; any-
how, we get results.
Some Advantages.

There is one advantageous feature

in connection with this style of forc-

 

 

 

 

Diagram of Heating Plant.

ing house not possessed by the regular
style greenhouse; the roof being eas-
ily removed it is possible to properly
harden the plants without removing
them from the bed. This is not true
of the greenhouse for the reason that
the direct rays of the sun can not be
admitted, neither the direct currents
of air,‘both of which are necessary fac-
tors in the hardening process. \Moving
plants to cold frames to harden doesn’t
give the same results. If made early
in the season, the change is too great
and sudden, causing a shock to the
plants. But with movable sash the
plants can be innured so gradually to

 

93—385

 

 
 
 
  
   

CASE Steam Tractors

Case still believes in steam for power. In some
localities,of course, gas is best. So if it’s steam you want, remem—
ber that there is a Case steam engine for you. These uold re-
liables” come in seven sizes—from 30 h. p. up to 110 h. p.

In the steam field, Case tractors have long been acknowledged
the leaders. Owners have always praised their simplicity and
stability of construction, their economy in operation and their
constant power. Official tests have further proved our claims.

Simplicity Means a Great Deal

In our claims for superiority we lay great stress upon the simplicity of
Case steam engines. For instance, the generous size of the fire-box and
the space before it, which permit of freedom in firing, are features which
appeal to all operators. The working parts, too, are in full View and'Within
easy reach. It is just such things as these that mark Case tractors in dis-
tinction to others.

Simplicity and ease of operation, taken in connection with economy,
together with time, labor and fuel saving qualities, have made Case tractors
decidedly profitable. Those who have used them can tell you.

There are many, many features, but here are a few:

1. Simplicity: As illustrated by the fact that we build the single engine
type only.

2. Stability: As shown by the fact that our boilers are built so well that they
meet the law requirements of practically every country in the world.
This means that anyone can use his Case steam engine anywhere.

3. Economy: Case steam engines have won in every contest for fuel and
water in which they have been entered.

4. Accessibility: All working parts are in full View of the operator.

5. Power: Case steam engines develop more power per pound of
Weight than any other.

Famed for 74 Years

Since 1842 Case machinery has known world fame.
For years. even in the face of the popularity of the gas
tractor, we have continued to refine and improve Case
steam engines. Our lines stand today With an unmatch-
able pedigree. In them are embodied all our experience
in designing and manufacture.

Every man who is considering the purchase of a
steam tractor must be familiar with Case and its
merits. Comparisons should be made—much can be
learned from the experience of other Case owners.

. We make Case steam tractors in seven sizes: 30, 40,
50.65, 75. 80 and 110 h. 1).

J. 1. Case Threshing Machine Co.

(Incorporated) Founded 1842

   
   
  
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  

 

The Sign of
Mechanical

thezéziilllslbcier 337Huron St., Racine, Wisconsin

1

Leaders in Other Lines of _ , 3
Agricultural Machinery CASE Caialo

Case gas tractors, Case threshing machines, 3,” YourName on a- Ss‘
Case roadmachinery,CaseautOinobiles,andever_y ’4’, . \s‘
Case product is each a dominant factor in its \ @POStfllWlll Dogs
own field. Write today for our complete Case Cata— ”0,,” ' \\\\\“‘\
log. It is an album of information that should be under . ”"Hmnmmum““‘
the reading lamp in every farm sitting room. It is beauti- . _
fully printed, with many interesting scenes and reproductions in color. No
farmer should miss having it. Especially when it costs you only one penny for a
postal card to get it. Merely write. "Send me your general machinery catalog."

 

  
 
 
   
    
 

  
    
   
    
 

 

fl

Anniversary Edition of Burpee’s
Annual, The Leading American
Seed Catalog for 1916, is brighter
and better than ever before. It
offers the greatest novelty in SWeet
Peas, the uni ue “Fiery Cross”, and
. other novelties in are Flowers and Choice
Vegetables, some of which cannot be had elsewhere. This book of 182 pages
tells all about proved and tested Seeds. It is mailed free. A post card will
bring it. Write today and please mention this publication.

W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO.. Burpee Buildings, Philadelphia

.....

  

 

 

 

 

TR E ES FB‘ii‘éfiaT'E'riii‘T"

3i Wlholoulo Prion. Planting time is about here. Don’t delay sending today for free Handsome
ata og'ue.

Cglery City Nurseries, Box l22. Kalamazoo, Mich.

 

  
  
  

 

 

 


 

sis-1'10

 

. r HEM 1c are; N r Ami: 1i

». .21.;
MARCH 18, 1916;” ...

 

 

        

   

  

DRY BATTERY
The Electrical Silo

Aconvenient storehouse from which elec-
tric current can be drawn at will, furnish-
ing fat. hot sparks that spur your engine
into action and keep it running at par. Rec
ommended as the most efficient. oatietac-
tory and economical medium of ignition for

Gas Engines—Automobiles—
: ractors
‘ AI” M rm. Bells. “and mm; Out.
Ask Your Dealer

Free to Engine Owners, Trac-
tioneers, Motorists

Send us your dealer's name nndwe’ ll lend you val
bleEncine Book which has been adopted as

to: t book bylZetawte agricultural college- em

numomo agricultural high“: Aha

we’ll lull you free copy of our motor?!“ new.
lctur and deacri tione of u”livery:n In -
p rte-10:00 Home arid Oaths idola-

MANHATTAN ELECTRICALM SUPPLY C0.
0030. Filth Ave. Chicago

| New York” St. Louis San Francisco
Factories: Atthity. NHL-II Ian-u. Ollie

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IIIIII‘I I I ll

Send new for our 32—page
descriptive catalog show-
ing 27 interesting illustra-
tions of hand and power
Sprayers. Free to you by re-
turn mailwmerely state the
number and kind of your II;
fruit trees.

THE DEMIN? C0.

IT! Depot St ah...
Agencies in. Principal [owns

- '1. 3.49!

 

  

           
       
     
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
 

 

Guaranteed To Kill . ,.. ,.
Every Scale I
It Reaches. x172: '
What? :g{1\?\
1’4”“ch

   

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1x -':
ybeelr. Only 3 “Boys”
and' ‘Don’ ts. m.” lyt’ s also the best dormant
spray for larvae, eggs of insects and fungi.
Easi y prepared, easily used. No burninigilo
clogging, butd does do the w 0rk
mixedl to 15 wi1l spray as many trees until ,.
they drip as 3 bbls. lime sulphur 1 to 10.
I0 years on the mar ltd. National chndorsed
Send for free booklcl.ScaIec1de . the ~
' " Write today.
B. G. PRA A" C0., Dept. 22
50 Church St. N. Y. ~

“$9,121,? iifi-{CErg

- nthese days when Insect and fungoua lusts
/ nre var on {he increase enmi as in absolute-b! Ismael-Po
The sGovernment as well as many 0 the State
morbnent muons use Bur rte S
construction is o! the very

32 Different Styles

Ian. I! nnGuod Gunilla E Paw Our M03025
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owe our complete line of Sprayers. Write (or ltto New

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patina because the guilty

 
     
         

low temperature that the change will
not be perceptible to the plants.

Our first equipment of this kind was
simpler still, the only outlay being for
muslin and linseed oil. The fire pit
was made by covering a pit with the
drums from two old heating stoves
riveted together. A square or the same
material answered for a door to the
pit. The trenches for flues were cov-
ered with pieces of old stove pipe and
similar junk from the city dump. The
chimneys were old stove pipe. Poles
from the woods supported the cloth,
the roof having a double pitch the
same as now. This style has an ad-
vantage over the narrow forcing bed
in that one can do necessary work
with the sash on, by digging a trench
through the center of sufficient depth
to permit standing inside.

_ Emmet Co. M. N. EDGERTON.

 

THE EVERBEARING STRAW-
BERRY.

 

In your issue of February 26 appear-
ed an article on the overbearing straw—
berry, by Mr. Brown, of Benzle county,
'iving his experience with one season’s
trial of the Superb.

Mr. Brown says he set 1,000 plants
but only let 800 bear fruit, and from
these 800 plants he received 72 quarts
of berries. I think this yield was a
little below the average for this vari—
ety and I cannot figure how it would

 

Grafting Mark on Old Tree.

be very profitable to raise them with
so small a yield.

Mr. Brown says he paid $15 for the
1,000 plants, plus express charges, for
this investment he received from ber-
ries sold, $14. 39, 01 less than the cost
of plants, but; he figulcs the new plants
are w01th $80. This may look good
to the man after plants but how does
it look to the man after berries?

My experience with the overbear-
ing strawberries dates back to 1911.

‘my first varieties being the Francis

and Productive. The following spring
I set the Superb and Americus and the
next the Progressive. I grew the Su-
perb two seasons and think they did a
little better for me than for Mr. Brown,
but not much.

In the spring of 1914 I set 2,400
plants of the Francis variety. The
white grubs took a great many of these
and some died from other causes until
I had less than 2,000 plants left. This
plot comprised precisely, one-third of
an acre. The blossoms were picked
until July 1, and July 28 we picked
eight quarts of berries, two weeks
sooner than though they had been Su-
perb. From the 2,000 plants we picked
for market 1,000 quarts, which were
all fancy berries, for which we receiv-
ed from 25 to 40 cents per quart.
Furthermore, this patch was attacked
twice by the cotton moth, which al-
most ruined two pickings. We had a
hail storm that ruined a great many
berries, and no less than 300 people
who came to see them during the fall
ate more or less berries. From these
2,000 plants we picked 77 quarts at a
single picking.

The past season was a poor one for
the overbearing strawberry in this
section. It was so cold and dry at set-
ting time that the plants did not get a
good start.

of care so as to develop as large a.
plant as possible by August 1.

 

Al...

MdPuuPWoo..Dopt. Influx-.83. ’

The fall was also much against

To get best results they.
'should be set early and given the best

them, so much cold and rainy'weather,
and coupled with this, a freeze late in
August that killed nearly all vegeta-
tion. But in spite of all this we kept
right on picking fancy strawberries,
and although the yield was not so large
the price obtained per quart was high-
er, so the returns per acre was about
the same as the previous season.

In my estimation there is not a. crop
grown in this latitude to compare with
the overbearing strawberry. It cer-
tainly is very gratifying to have a. crop
that will net over $500 per acre in such
a season as the past, when all other
crops are nearly a total failure.

It is not necessary to be located near
a large city to grow these berries
commercially, for they will stand ship-
ping a long distance, by express, in
common crates. I have shipped near-
ly 1,000 miles and have never had a
complaint. I put them up in four,
eight and 16-quart crates and if to
nearby points sent them by parcel
post, which is cheaper.

Nothing attracts so much attention
at the fall fairs as does an exhibit of
strawberries, and there is not a straw-
berry grown to compare with the Fran-
cis for this purpose; no berry has a.
prettier appearance and no berry will
stand up longer. Late in October last
season I picked berries on Monday,
shipped them to Fremont, Mich, on
Tuesday. They were still on exhibit
Saturday evening in good condition
and were not eaten until Sunday.

To grow them commercially I think
it best to fruit only during the fall of
the first season, but for the home gar~
den they can be fruited for a full crop
the second season. They are the first
to bloom in the spring, more frost re-
sistant than common kinds, and should
they freeze you would be sure of ber-
ries anyway, for other blossoms would

soon appear. W. F. TINDALL.

TRFE GRAFTING AND SETTING OF
FRUIT TREES.

 

The tools needed for grafting purpos-
vs are very simple and found on every
farm. They consist of a. mullet, graft-
ing knife, and a vessel full of grafting
wax. We make our own wax by melt.
ing together the following ingredients:
Four parts resin, two parts beeswax
and one part common tallow. When
the mixture is thoroughly melted it is
poured into cold water and left in that

 

 

 

 

Top-worked to a Better Variety.

condition until it becomes cold enough
to work nicely with the hands, then it
is pulled until it turns a light buff col-
or. VVhen this is done, we usually
make small rolls and wrap them up in
greased or oil paper where the wax
will keep perfectly until we are ready
to use it. A good string for holding
the scions and buds in place can be
made by boiling yarn in the hot wax
for at least fifteen minutes. After the
above is done we are ready for graft-
ing, which is not at all difficult to per~
form,_providing, of course, thatwo use
a reasonable amount. of care in doing
the work as it should be done. I have

had much better success with the cleft
method of grafting. To begin with, I
saw off a. branch about three inches in
diameter and close up to the tree and
split the end of the stock. The end of
the stock is then covered with the wax
in a manner so that all air is excluded
and cannot get into the cleft. Apply-
ing the wax properly is the hardest
part about tree grafting and the suc-
cess or failure in grafting depends
largely on this. Two to three buds
are sufficient and all that are needed
on each scion.

The time for doing tree grafting is
in the spring when the frost is out of
the ground and when the buds begin
to swell and open. By this method a
tree that bears poor fruit can be made
to produce nice fruit of salable qual-
ity. Quality is what counts most and
we should aim to graft only such va-
rieties where there will be no doubt
as to the quality of the product when
the tree begins to produce. A tree
with 15 to 20 grafts will bear an abund-
ance of fine salable fruit. Some of our
best fruit comes from previous graft-
ing in the orchard. Our aim is to
graft trees that seem to be on the de-
cline. Somehow when they get a start
the tree takes on new life and Vigor
and some of our thriftiest and most
valuable trees today were the least at-
tractive trees in the orchard a. few
years ago

In setting out small fruit trees we
begin just as soon as the frost is out
of the ground enough to allow us to
dig the holes. After a spring rain or
two the dirt settles around the tree
firmly and the tree will be ready to
take root and grow. In ordering trees
from a nursery be sure to have a con-
tract with the firm to deliver the trees
promptly at the time set in the con-
tract. Most nurserymen try to do this
and it is a very important matter, for
if they come three or four weeks later
on in the season the planting will be
injured unless weather conditions
prove to be unusually favorable. A
tree set out late in the season will
stand a poor show and especially dur-
ing a. dry season. One year we lost a
great many trees from this cause when
it could otherwise have been avoided.

Penn. H. W. SWOPE.

 

PAINTING OF TREE WOUNDS.

 

It has long been the custom for
horticulturists to recommend, and fruit
growers to use, dressings of various
kinds on the wounds of trees when
branches are removed in pruning. A
few years ago the New York Experi-
ment Station decided to conduct some
experiments to determine whether
such practice was really of any value
or not.

From results of this work, which
have recently been published in bulle-
tin form, it is concluded that the use
of white lead, white zinc, yellow ochre,
coal tar, shellac, and avenarious car-
bolineum as coverings for wounds un-
der five inches in diameter is not only
useless, but usually detrimental to the
tree. This is particularly true of
peaches, and perhaps of other stone
fruits, which, according to recommen-
dations, should never be treated at all.

The substances mentioned often in-
jure the cambium layer to such an ex-

tent that the healing of wounds is~

greatly retarded. Of the substances
experimented with, white lead proved
to be the best and is recommended
wherever anything is used. But it is
not thought worth while to use even
white lead for wounds two or three
inches or'less in diameter ,though it
may be advisable to use it on wounds
where very large branches have been
removed.

0n the larger wounds, where much
surface is exposed to decay, the white
lead will help to: keep out moisture
and the organisms which cause decay.

The smaller wounds, however, heal

so quickly that the evil effects of the

covering may more than offset the ben-‘

efits derived from its uses
Colorado. R. A. MOGINTI.

 

 


 

MARCH 18', 1916.

The Building of a Profitable Dairy

-NA-TIONALLY prominent dairy-
man'was in the habit of express-
ing nearly the whole program of

dairy evolution with three words:
“Breed,‘\veed, feed!” Every man who
is desirous of getting the most out of
his dairy must include these words in.
his program. They cover a very large
field, however, and in this article I
shall call the attention of the reader
to the first one only.

Fundamentally we ought to agree up-
on a definition of a good dairy. In the
mind of the writer, a profitable dairy
is one that will convert the raw mate-
rial in the way of hay, ensilage, pas-
ture, grain, and other feeds into dairy
products at a profit. The cow that
does not return a product that is
worth more in dollars than the food
she consumes plus the labor of caring
for her, is not worth keeping around.
What we want is not simply the cow
that will produce the largest amount
of milk nor yet the one that will yield
the greatest number of pounds of but-
ter-fat in a given period, but rather we

 

want the cow that will produce a large ern New York, the horse that could I I D M
ear rs. Dairywomanz—
.-
I The bearer of good news is always
‘ I good news for farm women.
t it’s a wonder.
! I One splendid feature of
i planned with the comfort of
t I supply can. This does away with t
5 be asked to endure day after day.
I of the pail, even for a small boy.
1. Cleanliness is the beginning,
1 You know how quickly
1. letting up in this direction.
cooking utensils, calf pails, milk pails,
18 just about the “last straw”, isn’t it?
‘t I are only three pieces to clean,
!- the second piece of good news.
‘ Formerly, a slight slowing
Buildings which Indicate Modern Dairy Methods. I Separator meant a loss of cream—and money. One’s attention had to be
. ‘ . . . ’ strictly on turning the crank at an unvar in bi h s d ' '
amount of milk rich lll butter-lat Wllh “'01 11'! 1111““? minutes was considered a I trying to both mind and strength. y g g pee , meh was
a good profit to her owner upon the wonder. Today the man who owns' news is that
feed she has consumed and the care him would not hesitate a minute toi. Tl I
incident to her keeping. swap him for an automobile. A little} E N E U i
What Selection Has Accomplished. over two hundred years ago a man in I
With this thought in mind, we (18- Massachusetts was arrested upon a.
sire to discuss the, importance of good criminal charge. His record was bad. I
breeding in the development of the As his children grew up they were bad I SUCT.°N-FEED
dairy. The would-be dairynian must also, and statisticians watched his: _
believe, in heredity. In fact, it must descendants until hundreds of thenl iI Separator draws up into the bowl just the right amount of milk—always
be the very first article in his dairy had been convicted of crime. Down in m Pmpomon ‘0 the separating, forc?‘
creed. Why should he not believe in the old east lived stern Jonathan Ed-[l Eggnfilgglgn::i :Srfom WI“ dunk
it? In Oakland county lives a man wards. He was nay-row, lie was. intol- ! I to trim a hat, or to visit a neighbor,
who 51x or seven years ago'began be- 9.1 ant 10 be 51119,.“ 11911 Hewed 111 the ; bowl will take up proportionally more milk, yet the cream will be of the
lecting oat heads With a view to in- light of the twentieth century, but. Jon- E I same thickness.
crease the number of kernels in each athaii Edwards was just when nieasur—t you makes quality bum” that brings top Prices-
head. \Vhen he began he was. obliged Ed by his standards. Hi8 descendants I The separator has only one thing to do
to spend a great deal of time in order have filled almost every place of trust I while you have many tasks. The separator
to select a few heads containing from and honor within the gift of the Amer- ha? always been a tyram WhiCh inSiSted 0“
Sixty to eighty kernels each. Last Win- ican people. Not one of them that was I bemg turnednat .‘ifgu‘aufm Speed’ Whe‘her
ter it was my“ privilege to see a single ever convicted of crime and few have zfuwvzge :71: oréu’t “firigeieor hgpptx’ mite:
. . ‘ . . ‘ _ .7) ‘ ‘ . w uc10n- ee
head of oats gIOth by thlS man COD been eytn suspected. _ i. Separator meets your moods. Its speed is
taining three hundred kernels. The Value of Heredity. ‘I your Speed and yet, it gets all the cream all
I have given the foregoing examples, the time.

In the western part of Isabella coun-
ty lives a farmer who dreams dreams
and makes them come true. Six or
seven years ago he looked down into
his grain bin one morning at a pile of
beans that, represented his crop for
that. year. They were a miserable look-
ing lot of all shapes and sizes. Vines
had grown all over the field, but they
yielded only sixteen bushels per acre
and ripened very indiffereiitly. As this
man stood looking at those unpromis-
ing beans, he had his first dream in
seed selection. To dream with him
was to act, so he began at once to sort.
those beans. It was a task to do it. It
took him several days, but he stuck to
it and came out at last with a few
quarts of beans whose size, shape and
color conformed to his idea. He has
doubled the yield of beans on that
farm within the years since his experi-
ment began. They are of uniform
shape, size and color and all because
he started with a right, conception of
the old truth, “Like begets like.”

Dairy,Progress Through Selection.

During the World’s Fair in Chicago
dairynien all over the country were
well nigh holding their breath as
scraps of the story of the splendid per-
formance of Brown Bessie were pub-
lished to the world. When the fair
was over Brown Bessie was queen. It

\

’THE MICHIGAN,‘ F'ARM ER

looked as though nothing could ever
happen to her laurels, but within the
next few years dairymen all over the
country, inspired by her splendid rec-
ord, were breeding and feeding more
carefully than ever before and in the
great demonstration that followed at
the St. Louis Exposition, Brown Bes-
sie’s record was distanced by many an-
other cow.

It used
peninsula

to be said that the upper
of Michigan was too far
north for a Jersey to live and give
milk, and many people I think were
satisfied with that conclusion, but be-
fore we were aware of it, a little Jer-
sey cow living almost up to the shore
of Lake Superior had completed her
year’s record with 1,132 pounds of but-
ter to her credit. But she was not (less
timed to wear her laurels for long and
so it goes from year to year. No one
can possibly say how much butter will
be produced by a single cow in a giv-
en time within the next ten years, for
the “end is not yet.”

When my father was a boy in west-

 

 

to establish what seems to me abun-'
dant proof of the theory of heredity.‘
Oat heads were lengthened, beansi.
were made to conform to a given type“

 

dairy performance has been greatly in- I as a labor saver for you‘
creased, speed in trotting horses has I Yours truly,
been accelerated, and the lives of men I

and women have been made or marred 5 I

 

largely on account of their inheritance.
In the building of a dairy, the first:-
important matter is the selection of a!
breed. If the best results are to bei
secured, this should be a distinctively I
dairy breed. There are. so-called dual-
purpose breeds in which are to bet.
found many good cows, but while dis-
covering these cows we are sure to I
find a much larger number that are
not economical producers. There can I
be no objection to one who desires to 1'
produce beef mating the most of the
cows in his herd along dairy lines, but I
he who keeps cows chiefly for the pro-
duction of milk or butter should keep
a dairy breed for best results, not that
everyone could be, or should try to be, l
successful in the breeding of pure-bred l
were, the price would be prohibitive

is absolutely true.

wonderful separator.
day. Address Dept.

The Sharples

18.

   

   
 

3-?)

 

  
   
 
      
 
 

. {Tag your stock—beat and cheapest mean- of

In many cases. gentéfieatéon for dHogs Sheep and Cattle.
_ am . res: an nun: s d t.

For the average man there seems Cataloc and sample: In. on reqliiiast‘in ”3'

F. 8. lurch ‘ Gm. 189 W. Hull 81. Chicago

  
      

cattle. There are not pure-bred cattle
enough to go around and, even if there
to be but one course, that is to use

 
 

 

CULI. BEANS FOR FEE . $3? $533? 132:

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED CO. Owouo, Mich.

 

We’ve a new separator at our house and

this new invention which must have been
the dairy woman in mind is the knee-high

It’s only a few inches to lift and a tilt
This is one item of good news.

middle, and end of good dairy work.
the separator shows the effect of any slight
With dishes to wash three times a day,

not one heavy, bulky, or fussy.

of speed in turning the handle of the

If you feel spry and want to get through to sew,

Smooth, even cream, such as the Suction-feed gives

Why don’t you drop a postal to the
Sharples people for their new book?
you can show your husband that this new in-
vention will be a money saver for him as well

A Dairywoman

What this farm woman says in her letter
There are many other
pieces of g od news in our new book, “Velvet”
for Dairymen, which fully describes this
Send for your copy to-

AIso Sharples Milkers and Gasoline Engines
West Chester -

Chicago

San Francisco

_“ Good News for Farm Women”

Orange, N. J., March 1, 1916

welcome; and I have some very

he hard, high lift no woman should

etc., a big pile of separator disks
But with our new Sharples there
This is

My third and best piece of good

If you feel out of sorts. you may
up Just eno'ugh milk for clean

turn as fast as you please and the

Then,

 

The bowl is easy to wash.
There are only three parts.
and no disks.

Separator Co.

- Pennsylvania

Portland Toronto

“A“ AUCTloNEl-IRING .. World's 0m“
. . and Greatest School

and become independent With no capital invested.

Every branch of the business taught in 5 weeks.

Write today for free catalog.

JONES' NATfL SCHOOL OF AUCTIONEERING;

281?. Sacramento BNWm.-dll. . Carey 11. Jones. Put.

 

Gomnmnl Farmm Wanted. £312,333 33:32.3:

Write. ozmnn'r. 17 r. st. Louis.
When Writing to Advertisers Please

iMention The Michigan Farmer.

 

 


 

    

W" Come in. on ouerfit Shanng.’

.Il’!
l

H
l
‘Ili

ll .‘..

       
    
    

‘ of raw materials. The prices of silos are keep-

ing pace. Already we have been obliged to
advance the price of the Indiana Silo in one kind
of material.

'1‘ UP! UP! UP! Higher and higher go the prices

But amid all this feverish elevation in the prices
of silos we are going steadily ahead, making Indiana
Silos of our highest grade material, making them
as nearly perfect as silos can be made, and selling
them at last year’s prices without one cent advance.

 

We can do this because last year, when We
realized that the prices of raw materials were
bound to advance, we had the foresight and the
purchasing power to buy tens of millions of feet of
INDIANA SILO GRADE TIMBER, clear heart
stock.

So long as this timber holds out we will not ad—
vance the price of the INDIANA SILO. And no
matter how high the prices of raw materials may
go, we will not reduce the quality of the Indiana
Silo. We cannot tell how long this timber will
last and we therefore urge early buying as the only
certain means of saving money. Delivery when you
want it. Terms to suit your convenience.

 

‘; ii: .
i. '
if“ - l' Write today for our Profit Sharing Proposition

; THE INDIANA SILO COMPANY

,: l a .;

il'

ll 1 .; 5.x”) Union Bldg , Anderson, Indiana
l l . 58'! Indiana Bldg, Des Moines, Iowa

      

"Wynn m ‘
kill ~- 'lllllmlllllm.

 

a .. 58'.) Exchange Bldg, Kansas City, Mo.
' """'"'-' 582 Live Stock Exchange Bldg, Ft. Worth, Tex.

 
 

 

-"lllulllml um.

 

 

 

securely held by

{A‘sm‘é
a American Steel

andresiliency.
Made of big, #3 Fence Posts

strong, stiff
steelwire,with ml
continuous stay
Wires from top to
bottom wrapped
around each hor— '13

izontal Wire and My? { f, ,g. .2»,
Dealers Everywhere

American Steel & Wire Company

CHICAGO NEW YORK PITTSBURGH CLEVELAND DENVER

 

Cheaper than
wood and more
durable—last a
lifetime. Hold

fence secure
against all conditions.

‘ Sent Free

Write for booklet on
how to set posts and
erect fence. Every
farm owner should have it.

fly

 

 

b5

 

 

  

Why the “Milwaukee” Gets

EWER discs are used in the San- a l I the Cream

     
    
   
    
 
     
      
    
 
     
  
    
 
  

itary Milwaukee, yet it skims
closer, quicker and easier than any
other separator. The discs are made
of aluminum, which, unlike the
tinned steel discs ofother separators,
will not rust, and can be drawn and
tapered to the exact shape required
for greatest skimming efficiency. Be-
cause of the tapered discs usedin the

a Z SAN/MRYé

CREAM SEPARA TOR

the skimming space is widened where the separa~

tion actually takes place. This means quicker and cleaner
skimming. Three removable feed slides distribute the whole
milk into each skimming space in exact proportions, so
that each disc must do its full share of the work-
another reason why the Milwaukee gets more A. '
cream. Every Milwaukee is tested with whole " l-J
milk before it leaves our factory. \ _/

Write for beautiful, new catalo , just
ofi‘ the presl, and the name 0 your
nearest Milwaukee dealer.

MILWAUKEE SEPARATOR MF
243 Madison Street

 
 

 
  
  

  

  
 
  
  

  

. CO.

Milwaukee, Wicconun'

   

THE MICHIGAN FARME-R

the best cows in the herd he already
has as mothers of his future herd and
to depend for improvement upon the
best sire obtainable representing the
breed of his choice. This animal should
not only be pure-bred, but he should

, be from a family fairly abounding in

great producers. Every record cow in
the pedigree of any animal gives ad-
ded evidence of his probable worth.
Personally I would not put a dollar
into a male whose dam could not qual-
ify for the register of merit class and
I should want to go even farther than
this. I should want to know about his
grandmother; I should want to know
about his sisters, in fact, I should want
to know everything that I could know
about the largest possible number of

‘animals connected with the family he

represented. It would not make much
difference to me whether he were a
Holstein, a Jersey, or a Guernsey. The
important thing would be that I make
up my mind in the beginning what
breed I wished to keep and then ad-
here steadily to my purpose.
Definite Purpose Necessary for
Success. .

The great trouble with the majority
of people is that they are going
through life without a definite pro
gram. Life is short. enough at best. I
remember getting on the train once at
Mackinaw City and feeling almost dis-
couraged when the conductor told me
it would take nine hours and twenty
minutes to reach Grand Rapids.
“Well,” I remarked, “you must run
mighty slow.” “No,” said he, “we run
just as fast as any train on the road
when we run; our trouble is that we
have to slop too often.” The man with-
out, a. program experiences the same
difficulty. He has to stop too often
and it is the stopping in our work and
the lack of a definite purpose that con-
sumes our lime and gives worse than
nothing in return.

The man who concludes to breed
Holsteins should stay right by them
and, if at any time, he finds it, better
to adopt some other breed, he should
dispose of his entire herd of I-Iolstcins
and begin over again. This is equally
true of him who would breed the J01“
895' or the Guernsey, but someone will
say, “I have a cow in my herd that: is
part Jersey and part Holstein and she
is an excellent. cow, too.” Yes, reader,
and so have I, but as a mother she is
worth absolutely nothing. After years
of observation and experience I would
hardly dare to guess what kind of
cows could be raised from mothers of
mixed breeds. The first cross does not
hinder production, but to follow this
course is to invite failure in the near
future in nearly every case.

Building up the Grade Herd.

No one has yet said which of the
great dairy breeds possesses the most
merit. I doubt, if anyone can tell, but
they should be kept distinct from each
other. The farmer of moderate means
can use an ordinary herd of scrub cows
as a part of the foundation of a splen-
did grade herd if he selects a good sire
of either one of the great dairy broods.
He can secure one or two heifers of
the breed of his choice for a moderate
outlay of cash and gradually, as time
goes on, he can sell his grade cows to
his less fortunate neighbors and fill
their places with pure-bred animals
grown on his own farm zit-only slight
expense. By and by he will find him-
self with a pure-bred herd and it will
have cost him no large outlay of mon-
ey at any particular time. Such a
course, and such results are within
reach of humlrcds of farmers in every
county in Michigan and yet it is a. sur-
prise to find large areas in which little
or no attention is being given to the
improvement of live stock. It is al-
most as sad to discover an equally
large extent of territory in which
ideals of breeding are so indefinite as
to lead to scarcely less promising re-
sults. This is an old subject; it is one
upon which much has been written
and said, but it will continue to be a
very timely topic until hundreds of

 

thousands of scrub cows have gone to

the soil.

 

MARCH 18, 1916.

the butcher shop or the bologna fac«
tory and their places are filled by ani-
mals that are better worth keeping.
A Community Ideal Brings Results.
But it is not enough that the indi-
vidual in the community should have
a dairy ideal. It is hard for one indi-
vidual in the neighborhood to reach
the best results as a dairyman. What
is needed is a community ideal. The
purpose not. only of the individual but
of the whole neighborhood to breed
one breed of cattle and develop it to
the highest point of excellence obtain-
able. Again, let me say that the par«
ticular breed does not matter so much.
In our neighborhood we are breeding
Jerseys. The writer likes a Jersey
cow. If there is anything that he likes
better in the bovine family, it is a lot
of Jersey cows, but if he were to move
to a neighborhood in which they were
breeding Holsteins or Guernsey's, he
would not think of keeping Jerseys. . .
The all-important thing is that the
neighborhood should cooperate, and
why? Well, for a number of reasons.
First, it is easier and pleasanter for
most people to go along with the
crowd: Second, there is always a feel-
ing of good-natured rivalry among a.
number of people who are doing the
same thing at the same time and,
third, it is never certain that a single
individual will be able to secure the
best blood obtainable in the breed he
has decided to keep. In fact, he may
work half a lifetime and never produce
a single phenominal cow, but if all the
dairymen in the community are breed-
ing one breed of cattle, somebody is
going to produce some great cows. No
one can prophesy who will, for suc-
cess along dairy lines is often as much
of an accident as in other activities of
men, but, depend upon it, no neighbor-
hood will continue to breed one breed
of cattle for ten years or more with-
out. results in some quarter that will
be astonishing in the extreme.
Good Results from Community Work.
In the community where the writer
lives the truth of this statement is be-
ing abundantly proven every year and
the blood of these good animals is
passing from herd to herd and if we
live a few years more, we shall be
able to say to the readers of the Mich-
igan Farmer that the majority of our
lwo-year-old heifers are passing
through the first period of lactation
and yielding from a pound to a pound
and a half of butter-fat per day under
ordinary dairy conditions. ‘ There are
plenty of pure-bred Jerseys in our part
of the state whose heifers would not
do this nor anything like it under the
best of care. It is simply a matter of
inheritance. There are some regis-
tered cattle that are just as poor as a.
lot of cattle that never can be regis-
tered. The thing to be desired is not
only pure-bred cattle but pure-bred cat-
tle of merit because they are capable
of great dairy performance. Such cat-
tle will be discovered almost certainly
by a system of community breeding
and heroin lies the solution of the first
part of the problem of the building of
2L profitable dairy.

Oceana C0. W. F. TAYLon.

 

SAVE THE MANURE.

 

Remember that $100 worth of hay
(clover) 0011tains‘$85 worth of plant
food; that when this is fed to the cow,
three-fourths of the plant food is re-
turned in the manure. One hundred
dollars worth of cream contains but $1
worth of fertility while $100 worth of
butter contains but ten cents worth of
fertility. This makes it plain that
feeding hay to the cow leaves nearly
all its fertilizing constituents in the
manure to be returned to the land,
while had the hay been sold, this fer-
tility would have been a total loss to
Either use the manure daily
upon the farm, or store it in a shallow
concrete pit, at a reasonable distance
from the barn or milk-house, and thus,
save the valuable nitrogen that the
ground, sun and rain would help elim-
inate. Keep the pasture highly fertil-
ized. The addition of lime phosphates,
etc., to a cow pasture, has meant a
large increase in the yield of milk.
Mortgage yourxfarm for a manure
spreader. ‘

 

 


 

MARCHis, 1916. ‘

DAIRY PROBLEMS.
Amount of Silage Necessary.

I want advice on a ZOO-acre farm
propoSition. I have a new 12x40 silo
made of vitrified tile. I did. not get it
filled last year but will this year. .I
have 26 head of cattle now and Will
have more. Is this silo large enough
to carry through what stock I now
have? I feed clover and corn stover,
some bean pods and straw. I want to
keep 26 cows besides young cattle,
and want to have some ensilage for
summer. I am selling milk and now
feeding as above, except no silage this
year, and for grain, ground corn or
corn meal and bran, equal parts in
quantity as outlined in your adv1ce in
Michigan Farmer previously. I want
to raise all the grain and hay on the
farm that I need to feed these cows.
Will seed ten acres to alfalfa next
summer. Have 46 acres of new seed-
ing of clover, which was a_ fine catch.
Have a 20-acre field which IS fall plow-
ed. Had five grain crops on it'smce
seeding. Poor catch of seeding-is the
reason for going so long. Sodas clay
loam. Can I sow soy beans W1th any
degree of certainty of a crop and are
these fit to grind and use With corn
meal, or would cowpeas be better. The
field is under—drained and Will raise
clover. Has had no manure since corn
crop five years ago. Grew good crop
of barley last year. Is it necessary
to lime a field for alfalfa that will pro-
duce a good stand of June clover?

Genesee Co. A. R. G.

I don’t think a 12x40 silo will fur-
nish you all the silage you need. It
will be better to have a 10x36 for sum-
mer feeding. You can feed it all and
SRVC’ 111011835

Your ration is somewhat deficient in
protein. If you fed all clover hay for
rougrage it will do very well, but the
straw and corn stover cuts it down. I
would advise leaving out the oats and
substituting gluten feed or dried brew-
ers’ grains.

Soy beans are better for your pur-
pose than cowpeas. If the' soys are
allowed to ripen and you grind them
with corn they will make an excellent
ration. With clover hay and silage
this ration would be hard to beat.

Land that will produce good growth
of clover will produce good alfalfa
without lime. But usually lime helps
both these plants.

Dried Beet Pulp will not Balance
Alfalfa and Corn Silage.

I would like to know the value of
dried beet pulp to feed in connection
with ensilage‘ and alfalfa hay, and
what price one could afford to pay for
it put up in 100—lb. sacks, per ton?

Lenawee CO. L. S. D.

Dried beet pulp contains only 4.1
per cent of digestible protein, while
ground corn contains 7.8 per cent. Beet
pulp contains only a little over half as
much protein as corn chop. In theory
alfalfa hay will balance 'corn silage in
food nutrients but both are bulky foods
and a cow must have some grain to do
her best. Beet pulp and wheat bran
mixed in equal parts will do very well.
or beet pulp, 200 pounds, and dried
brewers’ grains, 100 pounds, would fur-
nish sufficient protein.

At present beet pulp costs in carlots,
$21 per ton f. o. b. factory. It is a good
feed. Cows like it and do well on it,
even better than its analysis would in-
dicate, probably because it is quite di-
gestible. It is better to feed two dif-
ferent grains for food to give a variety.
Beet pulp and wheat bran make agood
ration.

Must Buy Extra Protein.

Please balance ration for my milch
cows, of the following feeds: Rough-
age, clover hay, shredded cornstalks,
wheat, oat and barley straw; for grain,
plenty of corn, barley, wheat grown in
shock, and a few oats. How shall I
balance these grains to get them
ground for hogs, weight about 75.1bs.?
I do not want to buy extra grain un-
less necessary. Can you give me in-
formation on how to build a self—feed-
er for from 15 to 20 hogs?

St. Clair Co. H. M. C.

Even if you fed clear clover hay for
roughage it would take equal parts of
corn, wheat and oats to furnish suffi-
cient protein to make a balanced ra-
tibn, and since no more than one-half
or onethird of the roughage is clover
hay it will be necessary to buy gluten
feed, dried brewers’ grains, etc., to get
protein enough. The analysis of bar-

THE MICHIGAN FARMFR

ley does not differ much in protein
from corn so I would sell the barley
andbuy gluten feed.

Mix the grain in the following pro-
portion: Two hundred pounds each of
corn, wheat and oats, and 100 pounds
of gluten feed, and feed one pound of
grain for every three or four pounds
of milk. When the oats are fed out
you can feed 200 pounds of com, 200
pounds of wheat and 100 pounds of
gluten feed.

Corn and wheat, equal parts ground,
and a little oil meal or feeding tank-
age, will make a good ration for the
hogs. Feeding tankage is best and
costs but little more.

The size of the self-feeder makes no
difference, as you only have to put the
amount of grain you wish in it at a
time. The feeder must be slanting on
the inside so grain will run out at the
bottom. Have a small opening at bot‘
tom into a flat-bottomed trough.

CQLON’ C. LILLIE.

“—3—
GOING INTO DAIRYING.

 

If a man aspires to be a dairyman in
every sense of the word, he must keep
only well-bred dairy cows, and care for
them as such cows should be cared
for. This is a fact conceded by every
dairy expert in the country, and every
dairyman who has gone into the busi-
ness in the right way has done well
and is receiving handsome returns.

But this fact has also led many dairy
authorities to go out and preach the
highly bred dairy cow to the farmers
in general. They have evidently over-
looked the fact that farmers, as a class
are not dairymen, nor are they likely
ever to become dairymen in the true
sense. They are diversified farmers,

carrying on the business of milking

cows as a side issue. W'hile fully ap-
preciating the profits to be derived

from carrying on the dairy business

wholly as a business, yet it cannot be
contended that all farmers would be
wise to turn right over to exclusive
dairying. Many would make a mistake
by doing so, for, lacking the necessary
qualifications which only a more or
less extensive period of experience can
give for dairying on a large scale,
more would fail than would succeed.
If the average farmer is to become
a successful dairyman, he must in the
majority of cases learn the business
by degrees. There may be exceptional
instances here and there where all the
surroundings are so favorable that ev-
en the most inexperienced man could
make a “go” of dairying right from
the start, but the average farmer need
expect no such results to attend his
efforts. So before he indulges in any
rosy and elaborate equipment, he
would better take the common cows
he has on his farm, and by careful
breeding and selecting let him breed
his herd and his knowledge of the bus-
iness up to the point where he can
make a success of real dairying. A
few dairy authorities are beginning to
see that this is the true course for
them to pursue if they wish to develop
successful dairyinen out of farmers
who have never considered the produc-
tion of market milk, or cream, or but-
ter other than as a minor part of the
farming operation. The average farm-
er must first be urged to take a little
better care of the cows he now has, to
feed them a little more regularly and
on better feed, to sell off a scrub cow
occasionally and let some good heifer
take her place. This is practical
preaching because of the fact that if
a man can be induced to make a small
improvement in his herd and in his
methods this year, he is apt to make
a still larger improvement next year,
and so on. As he begins to make these
gradual improvements he will see for
himself that it pays, and he will want
to go on making still greater improve-
ments. W. F. PURDUE.

 

The storage of fodder in airtight re-
ceptacles dates back to ancient times,
but the modern use of the silo was not
started until 1875.

 

 

 

  

 

   
 
 
 
  

 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 

 

'3 THAT’S GUARANTEED ‘3

 

 

. 9’ me / ”'
WWW/WV

l o ‘tti ‘

   
  

thts Half a
Ton Without
Straining

Louden Hay Tools will save it.

move bigger loads easier and faster than in any other
way—avoid the danger of delay which often lets the
rain catch your hay down, spoiling it for use or sale.

London Balance Grapple Fork
Set the Louden Balance Grapple Fork across
a load and it will take the entire width of an
8-foot rack at a single lift. Moves straw,alfalia.
or clover as clean as timothy—grips it tight; no
scattering or dribbling. What other hay fork
will do this? Built of the finest steel, espe-
cially made for us. Light, strong, perfectly
balanced, never fails.
isthe slingyou need.-
Louden naySIing for heavy work. Its
factory test is 3,000 pounds. Will handle any-
thing in the way of roughage without waste.
Nothing to beat it as a time and labor saver.

Cow Stnl

  
 
 

Litter Carriers

Feed Carriers

Barn Door Hangers
ls Cow Pens Cupo as

Water Basins

   
  

   

”5. Loan”! L},
77k Orig/273W
““5 - .-./

 
 

L

 
  
  
  

 

     
    

What’s One-Third of * "
Your Time in the Hay
Field Worth to You?

Will enable you to

,6,
Louden Senior Hay Carrier

meets the needs of the hay grower for or-
dinary and for extra work. Has a guar-
anteed continuous working capacity of 1500
pounds. Louden Swivel Frame prevents
rope troubles; roller-bearing rope wheels
make it easy to operate. Can be used for
either end or center drive. You can pick
up a load off the wagon from any angle-
it never fails to register. Draws its load
right up against the track, drags it over
beams and puts it right where you want
it every time. You store tons more hay
in the same space and in record time.

.. .
’ “ Lauden Power HOISt Works with all the Louden
.. Hay Tools. One man operates it from the load—takes the
place of horse or team on the draft rope; saves you $5 a day
when used with a Louden Carrier Fork, or Sling. Operates
with steam, gasoline engine or electric motor. Will MAKE
GOOD wherever hoisting power is needed.

are always dependable. They'cost

Louden nayTOOIS little: save time: save labor and
they often save the crop. Write {or our big,new,illustrated
catalog on London Hay Unloading Tools. Free on request.

The Louden Line of Sanitary Barn

Equipment Includes:

Horse Stalls Calf Pens
Garage Door Hange Bull Dens
Hay Barn Equipmen Hog 3ens

 

ent; tutors

v
The Louden Machinery Co.

I903 Court St. (Established 186 7) Fail-field, [0W8

 

-to produce more milk than any other ration
either home mixed or purchased and do it
Without giving your cows constipation or
udder trouble. Ready. to use right out of the
sack Without any mixing.

 
  

 

 

55

Absolutely free from adulterants and fillers, just
like the feed you would mix for yourself,is a special
combination of choice cottonseed meal, dried beet
pulp, gluten feed,corn distillers’ grains,wheat bran,
wheat middling‘s and a little salt. that's all; each in-

edient weig ed. b automatic scales and all
t oroughly mixed in age power driven mixers, so
that it IS always absolutely uniform. and always
good. An extra quart or two of milk daily from each
cow may turn a loss intoa profit.Try LARRO-FEED
for more roilts. Sold on "mom hell if not satisfied"
plan, the eelsion bein entirely up to you. LARRO
dealers almost everyw ere; write if none near you.

 

 

 

 

 

  

Raised Without Milk!

 

 

 

THE LARRIIWE MILLING CO IOSSBillespie BM... nuiroil. Mich. ‘

 

 

 

GUARANTEED Glazed tile or lour

kinds wood stove. Haul
and easily erect Kala-
mazoo Silos when farm
labor is most plentiful

and cheap. Freight
TILE OR STAVE paid to your home

town- Red wood doors, continuous opening
door frame. Tile silos anchored by weight.
Fire and frost prool. Superior to cement.
Save money, too, by early-in—year shipments
direct from nearest kiln, on lactory to farm
co-operation sales plan. Ask for booklet
and details. Silo users make best local agents.
Write today—Dept. 621.

KALAMAZOO TANK 8: SILO CO.
KALAMAZOO. MICH.

 

 

 

 

ln-de-str-uct-o

MetalSlLO

Keeps all your ensilage sweet,
fresh and clean. Unavoidablo
:illll loss reduced to about 1% due to
“ '1" no leakage or evaporation.

THE PERMANENT SILO
, can‘t blow dowu, buckle, twist

or collapse. Stands rigid cvvn
‘3 ,1. when empty. It‘ireproohstorm-
"i; proof. Capacity increased any
time by adding to height. Guar-
anteed against silage acids. We
also make the Ross Wood Silo.
Write for free catalog.

AGENTS WANTED.

THE E. W. ROSS CO.
, Box 314 Springfield, 0hlo.
’lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllilllillllllllllllllll

llJlllllllL

  

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllll

 

 

  
   
  
     

Build Your Silo To last!

The, Silo that gijres the best silage for
the longest time. is cheapest and best.
Choose by this standard and build a

GUERNSEY SlLO

Rock—face or smooth vitrified hollow i ile.
interim-lied and steel reinforced. Helene
tlfically correct. Absolutelyguaranteed.
N0 expense. for \Ilikrt‘p or repairs. Proof
:1 ainst time and trouble. “'ritc for
F {EE BOOK.

Guernsey Clay 00. mm

'. 906Fletcher Trust Bldg. W‘lllEll

 

 

Indianapolis. Indiana.

 

 
   

Her name is “Daisy" and her owner, W. A

 

 

 

   

Riddle of Chopin, Iowa. raised her on Blatchford’d
Calf Meshwhich costs less than half as much asmilk.

 

Blatchford’s Calf Meal

A useful reventive of scourin . Ca ve
raised “The lllatchford's Way" are hanger l 8
ned and healthier. Known as the complete milk
substitute since the year 1875. Sold by your dealer
or direct from _the manufacturer.
Blatchford’; Pig Meal insures rapid, sturdy growth
of young pigs at weaning time. Prevents setback.
See‘Actual Figures ‘bmd °“ '9'
suits—that show

    
     

  

 

 

Tile Silos

We are the originators of hollow block tile silos;
and our first silos are still standing. in perfect con-
dition and Without. repairs,after11 yearssteady use.

Send for Catalog on “Success Ideal Silos.”

The Louisville Brick 8: Tile Co.,

 

 

Dept. A. — Louisville, Ohio.

 

 

    

you how to increase your calf profits. Write today.

 

 

dCaI'IIulF M4383 W

        

  

 

 

 

we P" 889 Al mourn snunv
"0"“: F0" Hummus—3;; 0.33:.‘niarlaalf assailants. isms. arm-mesa“
W. E. LECKY. Holmuvlfle. Ohio BIGL

d
IR GOMPANV. X 0.2. SPRINGFIELD. ILLINOI'

 


390—14 ,

  
   

Caustic

  
 

 
 
   
   

 
     
   
     
         
    
    
     
 
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
 
      
       
   
  
 
   
 

SAFE, SPEEDY lllll Posmvt.

Superscdes All Canary 01’ Fir-
ing. Invaluable as a CURE for

 

nent

O
301w TUMORS,
LAMENESS FROM
SPAVIN
QUARTER CRACKS.
schL'rcnss,

fighsi‘ih

REMOVES
BUNCHES or
BLEMISHES,
SPLINTS.
CAPPED HOCK,
STRAINED TENDONS.

SAFE FOR ANYONE T0 USE.

 

CAUSTIO BALSAM IS THE BEST

Your Gombnult’s Caustic Bnlssm is the best
liniment. I know of. I have bought: four but.-
tles for my neighbors, and two for myself. I
have cured a. swcenied horse with the Balsam.
—-Lou£a Miller, Sharon, Wit.

  

TORONTO, ONT.

‘ 57335;: ‘

 

Gonrubalt’s

the Worlds Greatest and Sunset

. Veterinary Remedy
ms [MITATDRS our no commas

Solo Agents for the United States and canada.

The Lawrence- Williams 00.

 

THE MICHIGA

 
 

Balsam

  
 

I

We guernntee that; one hblespoontul of Caustic
Balsam will produce more actual results than a. whole
bottle of any liniment; or spsvin mixture ever made
Every bottle sold is wmnnted to give satisfaction
Write for testimonials showing what the most

Emmi
horsemen say of it. Price, 81.50 per ottle.

Sold by druggists, or sent by express, charges paid,
with full directions for its use.

THR , The Aecfipted Standard

agigflgfigv VETERI ANY REMEDY
P3.

RINGBONE. Always Reliable.

PINK EYF, Sure In Results.

      

  

Jl'omymuziz: wither: I?» sf aerial-4W

W‘é‘

\xlls.& OANADAS:

WW . '
“3" “WWW-”l clsvzum .‘ .

GOMBAULT’S JAUSTIC BALSAM
LS EXCELLENT

Having read an advertisement in Wisconsin

Agriculturist about your Gombwlt's Caustic
Balsam, I have tried some of it and think it
excellent—J. M. Woraaxiooslcu, Big flotaJWa.

 

  

CLEVELAND, ONIO-

 

«;_ DUNHAMS
Jis- Peronnrnns

For Filly Years The Best

Send for fine Photographic
Catalogue.

D u n h a m 5,
Wayne, ilupage County, Illinois

Perchnmn Stallions

 
 
  
 

 

Sixteen Head For Sale

No salesman need apply we deal
direct and give terms to responsrble

parties.

A. A. Palmer, Estate,
(R.R.) Orleans. (P. 0.) Beldlnc. Mich.

f s l . ’l‘wo Registered Percheron Stallions coming
0' a e-thrcc and six. black and grey,. “'ill srllfor 3-«_:
their vaiucii sold soon. ’l‘.ll.Love, R. 3. Howell, Mich

FOR SALE~Hegistered Percheron Stallion Mare-

and Fillies at reasonable prices. In-
pection invited. F. L. KlNG &S()N. CharlotteMirh,
FOR SALE. Three Registered Pcrvheron Stallions-

onerorning ‘3. yrs., one coming 4yrs., one coming 6
yrs. this one Imported. l'nrney (iieskon. St.l.uuis. Mll‘li..K.3.

B ist 1 Probe" n Stud
For Sale: 9“ 9”“ " ‘°

colt. folded in June 1915.
E. J. Aldrich. Tekonshu, l\lich., R. No. 1, Bell Phone.

. OF SALE. A Choice Bred Black Percheron Stallion com-

ing three year: old. Weight moons. Reg. in American l’cr-
Charon Registry. Bell Phone. D.H. blt‘Kinuev.Alhion. lllirh. I14

LOESER BROS.

We have 100 head of Belgian and Per-
cheron Stallions and mares. Imported and
home bred. We have sold pure bred horses
in Michigan for the last 25 years,and have
the right kind, and at. the right price. We
can supply any numberof work horses,both
geldings and mares. Get in touch with us.

LIGONIER. INDIANA.

‘ Additional Horses on Page 415.

 

HORSES

 

c .0 .j
6 0 H E A p
"F STALLIEJNS FIR SALE

PEHBHEHUNS. BLYDESDALES and HAGKNEYS

Also 20 head‘ of Choice Hackney
mares with ioaL

 

Gentlemen 1 got on my selling clothes.

Write for prices.

JOHN CRAWFORD
Colby Ranch, Stanton, Mich. .

 

 

20 HeadniPemhemn 20

Stallions and Mares
of high quality. Royally bred. some of them by
the Great $40,000 Champion Carnot (06,666).
All recorded in P. S. A. Studbook. If you are in
need of a. good Stallion or more, conic and sec us.
We can suit on in both quality and price.

H. A. BURKS SONS, R. D. No. 4. Napoleon. 0th.

I
Registered Percherons
2 rising two year old Percheron Stallions weight 1550
and 1600 lbs. Priced to sell. Inspection invited.
L. C. HUNT. Baton Rankin. Michigan.

 

Puehnrons, Holstein. ingllll's, 8hr hires. Duroc:
DORE D. DUELL. mm Ichlfl

imparted Parchom Sialliars f‘?§.‘f3.i’.’f‘?}iliifi‘£ifi

sell or exchange. Frank Mulso, Mt. Clemens, Mich.

 

 

N FARMER

Feeders’ Problems

Peas and Oats as a Hog Pasture.

I would like to know something
about the feeding value of oats and

, peas to bog down, as compared with

other feeds, also the time to sow, and
if it pays to use commercial fertilizer
and what formula should be used. The
ground was in corn last year and all
manured; the soil is of clay loam of
some gravel mixtures. How many
hogs, weight 100 lbs., should eight
acres feed up till time to bog down
corn, say September 10.

Barry Co. V. R. W.
In some exhaustive experiments con-

ducted by the Iowa station to deter-

.mine the comparative value of differ-

ent forage crops as a summer pasture
for hogs, peas, oats and rape are ad-
vised in combination sown at the rate
of one bushel of cats, one bushel of
peas and three pounds of Dwarf Essex
rape per acre. The average results
secured from this combination of for-

l age crops indicated a per acre value of

$86.56, figuring the grain fed as a sup-
plementary ration at its cost. From
twelve to thirty pigs per acre were
found to be the maximum which could
be successfully run upon this kind of
pasture, depending upon the age and
size of the pigs. The value of the pas-
ture in the experiment above noted
was fixed upon a basis of 50 cent corn,
and hogs at $6 per hundred weight.
Figuring the proposition the other way
around, with pork at $6 per hundred
weight, the grain fed upon this combi-

— A...

 

MARCH 18, 1916.

this fact being true because they gain-
ed so much more rapidly and attained
greater weights, and consequently had
a. larger forage consuming capacity.
Frdm this series of experiments in
which some 500 hogs were used and
fed in a large number of different
ways, the Iowa station ”seem to have
conclusively shattered the theory that
the cheaper way to grow hogs is to
feed them a light grain ration on sum-
mer pasture.

Another benefit which would be de-
rived from following the Iowa plan
would be that the hogs would attain a
size which would insure their quick
finish when turned into the standing
corn, as is contemplated by this en-
quirer, so that they would be in condi-
tion to market at desirable weights
and finish at a time when pork is or
dinarily at its maximum fall price.

Raising Calves on Skim-milk.

Would you please advise me as to
what kind of feed for calves would be
best to substitute for whole milk, or
to feed with skim-milk.

Mecosta Co. W. D. 0.

Where calves are raised on skim-
milk, some supplementary feed should
be given with same, which will largely
at least, replace the fat removed from
the milk.

It has been found that fiaxseed is
the best available single grain to ac-
complish this purpose. It should be
boiled into a jelly and about a gill of
this fed with each mess of milk at the
start. This can be gradually supple.

 

 

 

nation pasture crop brought a return
of 84.9c per bushel for the corn fed.

It would be profitable to use. a small
application of a complete fertilizer
when sowing this combination forage
crop, so as to provide available fertil-
ity to give the young plants a vigorous
start. This will shorten the period of
growth necessary before the hogs can
be turned in. Two to three hundred
pounds per acre of a good gratin for-
tilizer would be a. profitable amount
to use.

In this connection, it is interesting
to note the experiments conducted on
an extensive scale at the Iowa station
last year which have previously been
noted in these columns but may have
missed the attention of the enquirer
and other interested readers. In these
experiments it was found that hogs on
pasture, whether of alfalfa, clover or
specially sown forage crops, made the
most economical gains when given a
full feed of grain through the medium
of a self—feeder. Where the forage crop
was not one which would properly bal-
ance a corn diet, tankage or some oth—
er nitrogenous feed was fed in a sep-
arate compartment in the self-feeder.

Another interesting factor in this
connection is the fact that these hogs
not only made larger gains and more
economical gains when so fed, but that
they consumed a. larger amount of the
forage crop than pigs which were fed
a light grain ration on similar forage,

 

 

 

“Teddy,” Unbeaten Champion Red Poll Bull of 1915.
This bull, owned by Jean DuLuth Farm, of Minnesota, has the remark-
able record of eleven senior and grand championships in_recent years and of
having been shown at twenty-one state fairs Without being once defeated.

 

mented and replaced by corn meal as
the calf gets older.

There are manufactured at the pres-
ent time several kinds of commercial
calf. meals combined with a special
view of balancing skim-milk for calves
which are being used by many farmers
who do not care to go to the bother of
preparing supplementary grain feed for
this purpose.

THE BROOKWATER DUROC SALE.

 

No phenomenal prices were made on
feature animals at the Brookwater
Duroc sale on March 4, but a strong
conservative demand prevailed till Col-
onel lnglehart declared the last animal

sold. Not once during the sale did the
interest lag or the bidding fail to be
active. The attendance was good not-
withstanding the fact that the first
week in March is a difficult time for
most breeders to leave home. The.
Brookwater sale will doubtless be held
about two weeks earlier next year. The
remarkable uniformity of the offerings
is indicated by the evenness in prices
of the various lots sold. For example,
no catalogued bred sow or gilt sold for
less than $40 and nearly half sold be-
tween $60 and $100 each. The top price
was $99, at which price Hawthorn
Farm secured _a choice two—year-old
sow by Cherry King, Jr. The offering
goes into seven states and Canada.
Iowa, South Dakota, Illinois, Ohio,
Florida, Alabama and Michigan each
took their quota. The sows and gilts
bred to The Principal 4th brought an
average of $71. The average on all cats
alogued bred sows and gilts was $60.

4

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

'MARCH 18, 1916.

THE MICHIGAN-FARMER

 

 

DEPRAVED APPETITE OF CALVES.

 

Calves and young cattle have been
known to show an abnormal appetite
for clothes left hanging where they
could reach them, old boards, leather,
and the like. In the early days when
cattle were expected to get most of'
their living by browsing in the woods,
the lumbermen would frequently find
that the cattle chewed their jackets
left hanging in some tree; they nosed
into the tin dinner pails; on one occa-
sion, the water jug could not be found,
and on making a search, it was finally
located at the foot of a hill, with the
strap which had been looped through
the handle very much chewed by the
cattle. On another occasion, an animal
was found near the cook shanty with
a pork barrel jammed down on its
head; the obvious conclusion is that
the animal craved salt, and got its
horns caught in the attempt to satisfy

- the craving.

With calves, there can be no doubt
that much of the foolish trait of suck-
ing or chewing straps, etc., is due to
the instinct of nursing the dam, espe-
cially if the trait displays itself just af-
ter the calf has been fed milk. In the
case of weaned animals, yearlings, or
more mature animals, however, one
must find some other explanation'for
the trait.

An analysis of milk shows that it
contains an average of .75 per cent
ash. This ash or mineral matter is
made up principally of phosphates of
lime and potash, the chlorides of pot—
ash and soda, with small amounts of
phosphate of iron and magnesia. VVith-
out doubt these elements are intended
by natural processes to contribute to
the formation of bone in the calf.

It seems reasonable to suppose that
when cattle show an abnormal crav-
ing which leads them to chew cloth-
ing, etc., they do so because the ra-.
tion they receive does not supply a
sufficient amount of the bone-making
material. Perspiration from the body
contains a certain amount of salt, and
perhaps the cattle were simply dis-
solving the salt out of the leather
when they chewed the strap on the jug
before mentioned.

To continue feeding skim-milk after
the calf is weaned, or to feed milk at
any time will, of course, supply bone
ash in the most available form for the
growing animal. Then, too, the plants
eaten by the cattle contain lime, phos-
phorous, etc, in their ash. That all
plants are apt to vary in this respect
according to the soil, is evident from a
comparison of conditions in Hawaii
and Kentucky. In Hawaii, the soil is
of volcanic origin, and contains only
small traces of lime. According to
studies reported by Dr. E. C. Shorey
in Farmers’ Bulletin 329, Hawaiian for-
age crops are uniformly deficient in
lime, and the failure to secure the best
results with apparently well balanced
rations may be due to this cause. In
Kentucky, on the other hand, the lime-
stone of the bluegrass region appears
in the forage crops, and so in the bone
of the animals, and the region is noted
for its live stock.

There can be no harm resulting from
feeding bone ash, or even wood ashes,
raw rock phosphate, or the like. They
may be placed where the cattle can
have access thereto, that they may
lick the mineral matter most craved
for. A plan which has been tried in
the Transvaal region, where the defi-
ciency in lime in proportion to phos-
phates is noticeable, is to provide a
“lick” containing salt, bone, ash,‘sul-
phur. According to a statement made
by a Michigan veterinarian, the only
addition required to salt to supply the
minerals needed under Michigan con-
ditions, is iron, and he recommended
an addition of five per cent of copper-
as, finely pulverized and thoroughly
mixed with common salt, as furnishing
a medicated salt equal to the more ex-
pensive trade preparations.

When the horse shows the trait of
eating earth, wood, etc., it may be a
symptom of worms, a'ccording to Dr.

Waterman, formerly of the M. A. 0.,
but cattle are seldom affected with
worms.

Benzie Co. E. H. BROWN.

 

THE RUNT PIG.

 

In almost every litter of pigs there
is a runt.
slow-growing little fellow is left to
shift for himself along with the larger
pigs in the litter and he becomes a
more pronounced runt all the time.
Some hog raisers say “knock them in
the head and get rid of them,” but that
is a policy that I do not approve. In-
stead it is best in every way and a
paying proposition to give runt pigs
3. show and make them make the
greatest possible return for the care
and feed invested in them.

Small undersized pigs should have
all of the feed they can eat and it
should be a combination of everything
on the place that is good for pigs. If
milk is available a liberal portion
should go to the pigs, then table scraps
or swill, soaked shelled corn, a little
oil meal, and as many other good
things as can be included in the ra-
tion. A mixture of several good kinds
of feed is better for pigs than any sin-
gle kind. When green feed, such as
alfalfa, has grown sufficiently in the
spring, let the pigs have all of it they
can eat.

There should be a separate pen join-
ed to the one in which the sows are
kept, but so fixed that only the small
pigs get into the place where they are
fed. This can be done by raising a
panel a few inches off the ground so
that only the small pigs can get under.
In this small pig feeding place all of
the litter will feed as long as they are
getting milk from the sows and the
way to insure the runts getting all that
they should is to have ample trough
room for all of the pigs to be fed there
and feed plenty so that the runts may
keep on eating after the others have
finished, if they want to. After the
litters are weaned it is a good plan to
place the runts and small pigs in a pen
by themselves or shift them into a pen
of smaller pigs where they can have
access to all of the good feed they
can eat.

Keeping everything about the pigs
clean all the time is very important
and they must have a good comfort-
able place in which to sleep. Let them
get all the benefit of the sunshine they
can. Lice scurf and all of the ills that
hogs are heir to seem to find the un-
thrifty pig the most attractive “bait.”

Keep a close watch on these young
pigs and whether there seems to be
anything the matter with them or.not
dip them occasionally.
easily done by mixing a tub of some
good dip, using it according to direc-
tions, holding the pigs by their hind
and forelegs and giving them a “duck-
ing” once or twice, making sure to get
them good and wet all over. Dipping,
however, is not only good for pigs, but
all hogs. It is a practice that I am
careful to follow regularly, knowing
from practical experience that it pays
well. All kinds of live stock pay big
for intelligent care and attention, even
the runt pig.

Illinois. W. M. HARDY.

 

CATCH CROP PASTURE.

 

. I have a small piece of ground ad
.101th a field of clover which I intend
to pasture next summer, said ground
.ad been a beet field last year. What
could I sow on it that would make the
best and earliest pasture for summer?
Lenawee Co. SUBSCRIBER.

About the best plants for a catch
crop pasture are a mixture of oats,
spring rye, or even winter rye, field
peas, dwarf Essex rape and some June
clover. Use plenty of seed, three to
three and a half bushels of cats and
peas, five pounds of rape'and five
pounds of clover seed. Roll the ground
after sowing and turn stock in when
six to eight inches high. Use a good
liberal application of stable manure.
Top-dress and work into the soil.

 

Ordinarily this undersized

 

 

 
    
 
 

 
  
 

The style
oi the sulky has
changed. but the
anatomy oi the horse
remains the same.
Newton’s has cured
horses ior 34
years. .

  
    
   
   
   

 

 

Reasns yvhy you should
lay in an emergency supply of

’ Heave, Cough,
Distemper and
Indigestion Cure

Because it is death to heaves and indigestion troubles. It cures
heaves by correcting the cause, which is indigestion. Indigestion
causes more trouble than all other diseases combined. N ewton’s
prevents colic, staggers, scouring or the opposite. The best
conditioner and worm expeller. A blood purifier. For coughs,
colds, distemper and their ill effects. _ . 7 ,

Because it has been used in veterinary practice
thirty-four years. Sold by dealers for twenty-
four years. The standard remedy. Safe. Most
economical to use. The dose is small. An
occasional dose will keep the horse in good
condition and ward off many prevalent diseases.
Excellent for Cattle and Hogs.

$1.00 per can at dealers, at same price by parcel post.

Some cases are cured by iirsi or second
one dollar can. Three cans are guaranteed
to cure heavos or money roiunded.

Send for free booklet that explains fully.

 

SCREVV-TOP CANS

 

 

 

 

THE NEWTON REMEDY 00., 133 Ontario 51., Toledo, Ohljl

 

 

This can be'

 

. . save mon 09 on Fence-paint.ROOfing

 
 

 

TREELEULIBKER $3 *

 

 

 

ATTENTION Silo Agents—Silo Users—
Silo Buyers—CHALLE N GE SILO
Construction Wins Because It Is

Made of best material, has perfect door Lock and Ladder,heavy
galvanized (not black) channel steel entire length of door,
heavy galvanized channel bars across door, heavy matching,
most perfect machined joint, no metal, inside top hoop, base
anchors, cable anchors and every stave is convexed on outside
to give full bearingr to hoops. Erection expense cut to the

minimum. Prices Lowest Now—Investigate.
Write for our special Silo Catalog. Also makers of CHALLENGE
winners—wind mills. gasoline engines, cusiluge cutters, fut-ll grinders. wood

and steel tanks, pumps, pump jut-ks, and lawn swings.

[LCHALLENGE co_, 146 River St., Batavia, m.

 

 

  
    

  

 
 

THE FARMERS’ CEMENT TILE

Makes tile 3 to 8 inches in diam. 12% inches long. One man or boy 0 rates it nd
or power. 500 tile per day by hand, 1.200 by power. Tile thoroughlypecured bybiigtznt
process. No tamping or use of pallets. This machine and tile used by Experiment Sta.
tions of Agricultural Colleges and the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 5.000 farmers have
doubled the yield of land by under-drainage, and saved 75% of cost by using our Machine.
You can do the same. Save cost of hauling and breaking. Make perfect
tile $3 to $5 per thousand. MA CHINE SOLD DIRECT FROM FACTORY
TO YOU. TEN DAYS’ FREE TRIAL. SEND NOW for 36-page Illustrated ‘

Catalogue. Tells you about great benefits of underdrainage, how to take
levels and get grades. make and lay your tile at low cost, ‘ '

FARMERS’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE CO.)
Ensley says — "

     

Irv: '

!’!
$.14 .‘

      
     
      
 
    

    

Before you put; up that fence—9r do that roofing or painting 'ob, get. Ensley's Free
(3 logs—one on each FubJCCt. ion absolutely can‘t. afford to uy anywhere before

you study these books—greatest ever issued on Fence, Paint and Roofing.

ENSLEY’S PRICE IS RIGHT

Quality. too. Enormous output makes attractive prices. Bi stock.
. mpt delivery. . on get what. you want. when you want. it. Catalogs
give you complete information—many helpful suggestions. You always
gets square deal from Ensley. Send a postal now—specify which
catalog you warm—Fence. Paint or Roofing.

. , THE FoaoENSI-EY co.. 263E161." 81"., IETIIII‘I’, IIGII.

  

  

  
  
 
  
 
 
 

 
   
 

 
 

 

   
   

    

MINERAL'"o“v§e‘.-l
. m “a. N H EAVEggam
. .. = COMPOUND

  
  
   

     
 
   

   

or: 1*.
.1 1w DEL-"GE What matter?
inside"? FISH BRAND 5-?

A \ //C‘o

m -
33 Package guaranteed to 've sat' fact'

buck. $1 Package sufficight for dgdinag‘cnsesor money
IIIEMI. HEAVE REMEDY 00.. 463 Fourth Ave" ”fishing. Pa.

     

 

hou'rejalmaqc dru w'and } W19

3400-15
happtp hammer: 60. ”film

   
 

lways mention the Michigan Farmer
when writing to advertisers.

   
 

 

 

 

AM ”k... mam-Lu

 


 

392—16 " " . THE Mai

fin-

c H‘I GA‘N FA‘R' ME R"

MARCH 18,1916f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P

"166

Wefiandwdgf Valaeand @111}?

e est Quality is 'e

est Economy

The price of the seven-passenger Fairfield “Six-46” is $1995.

“‘0 decided upon that price simply berausc we found it was
the lowest possible. price for which we can manufacture. sell
and guarantee genuine Paige Quality in a seven—passenger
six-cylinder car. That, you know, is Supreme and Unchal-
lenged Quality.

Because $1Q95 is the lowest possible price for which we can
manufacture and sell a car of the l) ‘auty, sturdiness, luxurious
comfort and elegant equipment of the Fairfield “Six-46" ~~a
ear of such tremendous POWER. flexibility and unfailing
willingness to “go through” any road conditions traversable
by a motor car:

Because $1,295 is the lowest possible price for which we can sell
such a. nationally endorsed car with Paige Prestige, Paige
National Confidence and the Paige—Detroit )Iotor Car (Ioni—
pany behind it.

That price——$]Q!)5——represents, we believe, the maximum of
luxury, service, safety and economy in a seven—passenger Six.

\Vhat applies to the Fail-field also applies to the five—passenger
Fleetwood “Six—38" ($1050).

We don’t Guess that Paige (‘ars will “Stand Up." “'19 ]\'N()\V
IT. And the American people KNOW it.

We will not consent to risk Paige reputation by trying any
radical and purely experimental theories in Paige cars. We
insist. that a season’s driving is the proof that any engineering
innovation is practical.

Paige (‘ars are modem to the minute, but every Paige Feature
has been proved scientifically sound.

Paige Cars are produced by EVOLUTION—not. REVOLU-
TION.

Do you believe an experimental motor car is a sound invest-
ment?

One more point as to Paige pricey—$19295 for the Fairfield and
$1050 for the Fleetwood. Look farther than the purchase
price when you buy your motor ea r. Look ahead and figure
what your operating cost and your repair bills will be.

Look ahead and figure what your car will be worth at the end
of a year's driving. Look around you and see how many of
your friends began by buying cheaper cars and now realize
that only Quality is real economy.

For your own protection—~—a Paige,

 

Seven-Passenger llairfield “Six—46” $1295.

Five—Passenger Fleetwood “Six—3 ”- L$1050.

N. B. The cost of labor and materials has increased enormously. How long we shall be able to
keep Paige Prices so low we cannot prophesy. Further. the demand for Paige cars is already
overwhelming. For your own protection we urge you to order NOW.

Paige-Detroit Motor Car Company

Detroit, Michigan

220 McKinstry Avenue

53‘. ‘1 l’er
(’2) it:
o I‘ve/pd '

    

. in“

- g flurrvm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rv

 

 


 

 

mm”;

 

 

 

LITERATURE
POETRY
HISTORY an?
INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

  
 
 

WEEKLY.

“ more

* Magazine Section
.

.14

 

.
I I’ll/AR :‘Ni‘jyix‘nk’wwfi’g 51:55 A). ~ .
til/Arr
wag/,5; °

D [843.
5.51.48

      

  

     

 

 

 

We FARM BOY

an? GIRL
SCIENTIFIC an?
MECHANICAL j

 

 

 

 

 

This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

 

 

By

AI] Agricultural ViCWpOint Of Taxation JAMES N.':\IcBRIDE

HE assured things in the world

of. industry are the certainty of

changes and taxes. The world
of 1916 is not the same as it was, even
two years ago. The European war has
changed and is changing national view-
points. Foreseeing is constructive,
while an after View without action is
merely in attendance and retrospec-
tive. Whatever the view of national
policies and revenue measures has
been, the present constructive thought

is toward protective tariff laws. When
peace comes industrial reconstruction
will necessitate custom duties in some
cases to prevent dumping and to main-
tain the necessary standard of living,
as well as for revenue purposes. The
comparative equilibrium of the plane
of industry has been disturbed and
nothing seems more certain to the stu-
dent of industrial history than that
trade walls will be constructed when
the trenches are vacated. Under these

conditions the previous reason for de-
creasing tariff rates and the enactment
of the Federal income tax will no long-
er exist, but exactly the reverse.

This will be the opportunity for the
states to insist that the Federal gov—
ernment. yield to them the entire op-
portunity to derive revenue from in-
comes. It is also foreseen at no late
date that, alcoholic liquors will be con-
sidered as other habit-forming drugs
and cease to be any considerable

lltllllllllll”llIllllllllllllllllllH'IlHill!llltill!lllllllllilllllllllllillllllllltllllllllllfilllllillllllllli!lllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllHIHllllHillIllllllllillilllllllliiillillllillllilllllllillllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliHlllllllllIllHllllllllllllllIlllllIlllllllllllllllilllillllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllll’llllltllliillitlilll lllllllifllllll

source of revenue, either in the state
or for the nation. In other words, the
saloon will follow in the wake of Afri-
can slavery. This tendency is seen in
the decrease of 21,342,067 gallons of
whiskies, wines and beer Withdrawn
from consumption as compared to the
year previous as shown in the last re-
port, of the commissioner of internal
revenue. “'hile the Federal govern-
ment will be considerable of a loser di-
rectly, the states and municipalities
llilliililtfiiit,"Vlititi illllllillllllllllllllllltlliilllllllllllllllllllllllillliiilntllllllllllllllllll

.
|
t

WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES

 

 

 

 

Ragnar Onvedt, American, Breaks the
World Record by Ski-Jumping
192.9 Feet.

 

 

Jules Bois, French Envoy on Mission
to United States.

 

 

 

French Soldiers Shown at Right Marching through Champagne Forest to the
At Left the German Red Cross Preparing

First Line of Trenches.

  

 

Gifts to be Sent to Men in the Trenches.

 

 

 

 

xx.

 

Monster Skoda Guns now Battering the Verdun Forts must be Securely An-

chored on Concrete Beds.

_ Four Shells from one of these Guns Com letel
Demolished the First Fort and a Single Shot Smash p y

Guarding the Way to Verdun.
Copyrilht by Ufidorwood. ll Underwood N. f.

' isgyni'w

a.

 

Charlie Chaplin, Highest Paid Movie
Actor, in Real Life.

s

 

 

 

ed the Second One Marguerite Clark, the Popular Little

Lady who is a Big Film Star.

 


     

39194—13

will lose from this source the larger
amount.

As noted before, the necessity of the
national government from an economic
standpoint will necessitate increasing
custom duties, the states have no
means to recoup their losses without
some additional property tax or an im
come tax. There is, then, the addi-
tional reason for the Federal govern-
ment to withdraw almost entirely from
the internal revenue field, even toex—
tend external taxation to the present
free list. For with our dual citizen~
ship, state as well as national revenue
must be provided.

The vanishing spirits tax and the
recasting of trade conditions seem to
be coincident. The incursion of the
Federal government into the income
tax field has shown that the adminis-
tration features are not objectionable
and, in fact, paved the way for easy
state action.

An additional argument for a state
income tax is in the increasing price
of products or the decreasing power
of purchase in gold. The index of
prices January 1, 1896, was 80.09, as
compared with 155.94 in 1915, and on
February 5, 1916, 157.45, just a fraction
under 100% increase in 20 years. This
advance necessitates almost double the
number of dollars of taxation, for the
state must pay more for services and
materials thus measured, just as the
individual must do. Contrary to popu-
lar opinion there has been no decrease
in efficiency of state government, when
the added functions undertaken and
the change in the purchasing power of
money are calculated.

This feature is, however, so diffi-
cult to explain, together with the ad-
ded demands for service along educa-
tional and social service lines, that it
retards necessary state measures. On
the other hand, a larger proportion of
taxes should be paid by those who are
directly benefited, viz., those whose
services are paid for as wages, fees or
salaries, or any form of personal re-
turn, whom the state has educated or
advanced in any way. The constant ten-
dency of civilization is to pyramid per-
sonal services and intangible forms of
property upon real property. This fact
is seen in the quick recovery of a
community from a bank failure as com-
pared to a crop failure or the filling
of the place vacated by the death of
some person paid a salary.

The report. of State Bank Commis<
sioner Merrick shows an increase of
bank deposits of $69,165,12046 and
capital stock of $1,762,481.25, in 1915,
over that of 1914, with total resources
of the banks reporting to the state
commissioner of $494,030,67044. This
item, if added to the resources of na-
tional and private banks and personal
wealth would approach the total as-
sessed valuation of the state, and al-
most entirely of incorporated values.
Of this total in state banks $214,212,-
480.83 is mortgages and bonds, largely
exempt from taxation for economic
and administrative reasons. These
facts are not given to complain of as-
sessed valuations, but merely to show
the accretions of personal property
based on real property. The necessi-
ties of these exemptions, together with
the small amount of other personal
property, is added evidence to what
every student of taxation knows, viz.,
that the taxation of personal property
will have to be abandoned and some-
thing found that is equitable and pos-
sible. Wisconsin and Oklahoma have
made this change by largely substitut-
ing the income tax for the personal
property tax.

The personal property tax has al-
ways borne most heavily upon the
farmer, because his equipment of im-
plements and live stock were visible,
while the intangible property of the
cities was not easily seen. The effect
of the income tax is seen in Wisconsin
when it is seen that 66 per cent of the
total tax is borne by corporations, 11
per cent by manufacturers not incor-
porated, eight per cent by professional
services and one-third of one per cent

 

mam M <1. cm G an; F a mans

by the farmer. It is often said that
the farmer escapes taxation on per-
sonal property largely because on Ap‘
ril 1 he has practically none of the
season’s crops on hand. This view is
superficial because the farm's valua-
tion assumes this production and this
is the basis of valuation made. If it
Were not for the possibility of this pro-
duction no values would exist. To il-
lustrate farther, the valuations of
farms in the frosted area of northern
Michigan presumed the lost crop. A
series of such seasons would find no
values for taxation. The productivity
of the soil is basic to the farmer, just
as the wool, for example, is basic to
the woolen mill. It must be in exist-
ence. The difference between the tax-
ation of the personal property on the
farm and of merchandise is that the
latter is turned over so often that the
tax is comminuted and in the final an-
alysis transferred. One of the inter-
esting observations is that. business
men can afford to contribute to local
enterprises and charity, and are called
liberal. The farmer does not give so
freely. The business man can distri-
bute this tax by including it in the
overhead expenses; the farmer cannot.

The attempt to place all property on
a cash valuation for purposes of taxa-
tion and the increased valuation inci-
dental to the decreased purchasing
power of money has magnified two fac-
tors in taxation, viz., the undue pro-
portion of personal property from the
farm placed on the assessment rolls as
compared to the personal property of
other industries, and the other more
important, factor is the inclusion of the
vocational skill of the farmer. The
sale value of the farm is made the as-
sessed valuation and this is not the
rule. of taxation applied to other prop-
erty. For example, the loan basis on
a farm is 50 per cent of the sale value.
Men may come and men may go, but
the real irreducible hypothecation ex-
cludes the farmer for purposes of se-
burity. The proposed rural credit land
bank bill uses the same one-half value
as the loan basis on farms. Sec. 8 of
this bill further provides that in case
of sale the land bank may at its dis-
cretion accept: the assignee, or may at
its pleasure, declare the mortgage due.
This means that the purchaser may be
acceptable or objectionable, and that
he is the other part of the sale value.
The inclusion of the vocational skill of
the farmer as read into the statute
has made the farmer pay an income
tax on his earnings or wages.

The United States government made
a survey of 440 of the larger farms in
Vt'isconsin and found the total aver-
age capital employed was $19,651.00,
and the average net, receipts was $1,-
831.00. If the allowance of vocational
income for a man capable of handling
such a farm is placed at $1,200, in fact
a very modest allowance, and we capi-
talize the balance of $631.00 at six per
cent, we have a value of about one-half
the total where the labor income of the
farmer is included as farm valuation.

Article 10, Sec. 3, of the Michigan
Constitution provides: “That the leg-
islature shall provide by law a uniform
rule of taxation.”

The state tax commission used a
different rule for appraising mining
property. (See “Report on the ap—
praisal of mining properties of Michi-
gan 1911,” page 11). After describing
the method employed of calculating the
annualoutput and the reserve, on de~
ferred output at five per cent, the val-
ue of the mine for assessment purpos-
es was determined. This language is
there used: “This sum (i. e., the as-
sessed valuation), is the amount which
an investor can afford to pay for the
property.”

In other words, the personality of
the operator is excluded in the calcu-
lation and the property placed on an
investment basis which is not the same
rule that is applied to farm prOperty
and in violation of the explicit provis-
ion of the paragraph of the constitu-
tion previously noted. The assessment
of residence property includes no per-

sonality, for the home is only inci-
dental to production. The capitaliza-
tion of rentals quite often fixes the val-
ue of such property, which brings this
property to the basis of income or in-
vestment value. Business blocks have
their values, determined also on the
investment basis, with often continued
increasing values incidental to loca-
tion. The active manufacturing plant
is not assessed on its earning capacity
or investment basis, but on its replace-
ment cost. An idle plant of equal cost
is practically exempt. Here is anoth-
er rule which is applied to manufactur-
ing plants. There was a good deal of
moral justification in reducing the val-
nation on the Pere Marquette system
one year ago, because of its low earn-
ings, but the same might be said of
farmers who have no labor income.
However, it is assumed that there are
no idle farms, nor is any attention paid
to low incomes from farms as a basis
for reduced valuations.

The debates in the constitutional
convention and legislative attempts to
revise the tax laws are of interest.
However, these conflicts are turned ov-
er to the state tax commission by the
Legislature very much as one perplex-
ed parent turns over a disagreeable
child to the other with the attitude:
“Here, see what. you can do.”

In a general way the principle of in~
come. has been the basis of determin-
ing values on mining, residence and
business property. This income has
been, from the viewpoint of the in
vestor. On manufacturing and power
properties the state tax inquiry com-
mission wanted the income made a
feature of a special tax. This idea
recognized that the income was not
the basis of valuation.

On farm property the income aris-
ing from the productivity of the farm,
together with all the personal prop-
erty and the income due the farmer
for superintendence are added togeth-
er for purposes of taxation.

Very much of simplification and
equity could be accomplished by sep-
arating state and local sources of tax-
ation. Wisconsin collects approximate-
l‘y four million dollars from incomes
at a very low rate of cost. New York

eMArpfiialns.

is considering an income tax law that
is estimated to raise thirty-eight mil-

lion. Michigan could well hope to
raise all needed state revenue, aside
from the primary school fund, from an
income tax. Elasticity could be pro-
vided for by a minimum and maximum
rate administered by a state board. Or
in case of an inflexible rate certain ap-
propriations could be made propor-
tional or dependent, just as the private
individual must do. The possibilities
of industrial life were not dreamed of
when our laws did not provide for a
capitalization as large as a single man-
ufacturing company desired. 0f the
earnings of some of the large Michi-
gan concerns, while not entirely de-
rived within the state, the larger por-
tion is and would be subject to an in-
come tax.

For example, The Commonwealth
Power, Light and Railway Company
earned around six million dollars last
year; the Detroit Edison Company
close to three million dollars; The
General Motors Company, for the last
six months of 1915 was carrying an
item of thirteen million dollars of un-
divided profits; the D. U. R. earned
close to the two million mark.

To the state of Michigan the income
tax offers increasing resources after
the earnings have been made, and does
not tax industry until it is able to con-
tribute. It would reach the individual
income of all of the classes upon which
it would operate and not upon a single
class, as is now the case with the
farmer. This tax should be welcomed
by the “single taxer” because it can be
made to reach some of the unearned
increment of land. To the advocate of
a mineral tax it justly measures, pric-
es of product and costs of production,
in such a manner as to avoid the in-
equalities pointed out by the Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania in vacating the
tax on anthracite coal, and can take.
toll of the royalty holder as well. Men
who are earning salaries in the pro-
fessional world should be glad to par-
ticipate directly in government on a
paid basis.

The best modern economic thought
approves the income tax supplanting
the tax on personal property.

illiiiltllilltilEHIIHHHHIHHIIHIItllliilllllllllitlHHIHIHIHHHIIIHHHIllHi|I!lIlllllIHHIIHHHHHHIIHHillllllIllilt'tl|HlllillitltlllllllllllH!lllliilllllillillllilllllllllllllllllllllHIiiIlliHlllHilllillilflllliltliliiiiiillltiillll

Why Not a Winter Fair?

By E. H.

ill: experience of Benzie county

I for the last two years has been

that a winter fair, held in con-
nection with the County Round—up or
the Farmers’ Institute, is a desirable
event. Some, suggestions based on our
experience may be of interest in other
communities. .

Vie found the farmers’ institute a
good companion for the fair, for obvi-
ous reasons. The farmers were bound
to be in attendance, and it was a fairly
simple matter to get out printed mat-
ter for an advanced advertising cam-
paign that would combine the premium
list with the institute program. The
first fair was, of course, more or less
of an experiment, but a successful one,
and in our succeeding efforts we shall
have to adopt the same lines of organi‘
zation, essentially.

As to financing the payment of pre-
miums, rent of hall, lumber, labor, etc.,
several means suggest themselves. We
found that our local merchants were
willing to make donations out of their
stock for use as premiums. We cor-
responded with flour manufacturers,
and obtained the donation, through the
local representatives, of four barrels
of flour, to be used as premiums for
baked goods made from the respective
flours.

As a first prize, bread made of a cer-
tain brand of flour, 100 pounds of flour
of that particular kind were offered,
while additional prizes of 50 and 25
pound lots were offered as second,
third and fourth prizes. The result
was the entry of 29 different loaves of
bread made by users of one make of

BROWN.

flour. A booth was decorated with ad-
vertising posters, hand-books, and the
bread; thus the interests of manufac-
turer, retailer, and exhibitor, as well
as the fair committee were mutually
served. Other flour manufacturers were
willing that we should award dona-
tions by them in any form we desired,
so contests in cake, cooky, and other
forms of baking, as well as bread, were
encouraged by these flour premiums.

No doubt this idea of securing out-
side donations from manufacturers
could be elaborated on more fully than
we are able to do here. We found
that one of the manufacturers of spray
material was willing to give 100 pounds
of arsenate of lead. This we offered
to exhibitors of apples in plates, col-
lections, and packages. Doubtless if
we had corresponded with a manufac-
turer of glass fruit jars, we could have
secured donations of jars for the best
displays of fruit in their cans. Simi-
larly we might have written to a manu-
facturer of crates or packages, and
asked him to donate stock for the best
exhibit of fruit or vegetables put up in
his style of package.

In getting these donations, we at
first corresponded with the manufac-
turer direct, but learned by experience
that a better way for all concerned is
to have the local retailer handle the
donation, the company preferring this
method, and honoring a premium award
so that the merchant is reimbursed for
making same.

We were able to secure a consider-
able sum of money from advertising

(Continued on page 401),

I.

 

 

”My...“ gem—aw.» “NW"

 


 

 

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» flrH E" M’i cl'He’i G A'N‘” Eh R’M‘lE‘R

Organized Agriculture In Norway
By WM. B. HATCH

WING to a scarcity of time left
the Commission, to complete its
studies, a small sub-committee

left Denmark the last day of the com-
mission’s study there, and went for a
brief look at and an investigation of
co—operative activity in Norway and
Sweden. I had the privilege of organ-
izing and accompanying this section
or sub-committee.

A brief ride north from Copenhagen
took us through good farming country.
The crops, methods of tillage, machin-
ery, soil and general topography look-
ed more like home than any other
country we had visited since leaving

‘the long summer days.

it afforded us, to visit Norway during
This was the
twenty-seventh of June. The remark-
able thing about this Norwegian land-
scape is the fact that such detail can
be shown in photographs taken from
a moving railroad train at 9:45 p. m.
We entered the nation’s capitol about
ten o’clock at night, or better, 10:00 p.
m., for it did not seem like night.
Although cloudy it was so light that
one could read without artificial light.
We took a walk about the city before
retiring, looking at the shop window
displays by natural light. There seem-
ed almost as much activity, except in

 

 

 

Six Thousand Norwegian Farmers Co-operated in Building this Modern
Slaughter House. -

America. Our through car passed on-
to a ferry and in about half an hour
we were across the Categat Channel in
Sweden. We did not, however, stop in
Sweden and take testimony as our
time would not permit, and it would
have necessitated changing our direc-
tion and going to Stockholm, the Swed-
ish Capitol, as our working base. It
was decided that we should go to
Christiania the Capitol of Norway. This
gave us a daylight ride for some three
hundred miles across southwestern
Sweden. .
Sweden differed from most of the
European countries visited, in having
a larger proportion of private oWned
railroads than public. It has great wa-
ter power possibilities, largely as yet
un—utilized. Gothenburg, its chief com-
mercial city, is in the vicinity of one
of its best water powers and is amply
supplied by it with light and power.
The cooperative agricultural activity
in Sweden is essentially that of Nor-

heavy traffic as you would expect to
see in the real day time. A man came
down the street reading his newspaper
at eleven o’clock p. 111. The sun sets
at: 9:26 p. m. and rises at 2:14 a. m.
away down here in southern Norway.
At the northern part you see the “Mid—
night Sun" at this time of year. Chris-
tiania is practically on the sixtieth par-
allel, which passes through the south-
ern part of Greenland. The, exception-
ally long days in summer, must largely
account for the possibilities of agricul-
ture in these northern countries be-
cause the winter days are correspond-
ingly short.

Christiania is the natural distribut-
ing point for Norway and Western
Sweden. We found here a municipal
enterprise, which, while not. co-opera-
tive, is worthy of at least passing no-
tice. It is the municipal abattoir and
refrigeration plant costing $600,000, a
snapshot of which is shown. Christi—
ania is a city of 250,000 people. No

 

 

Municipal Abbatoir and Refrigeration

way, both being copied largely from
Denmark and Holland.

We entered Norway at Frederik-
shald and were transferred to a gov-
ernment owned and operated railroad.
Here the dining—car and sleeping-car
service is supplied by women, and the
service has a sort of homey atmos-
phere, and why not? Women have al-
ways been better housekeepers than
men. Norway has even greater water
power possibilities than Sweden. At
Sarpsburg our train passed over a
small Niagara harnessed and at work.

It was fortunate, for the sensation

Plant at Christiana, Costing $600,000.

meat is permitted to be sold in the
city, except such as is slaughtered and
cured in this sanitary establishment.
And all the imported meat for tran-
shipment to the interior has to pass the
municipal inspection and “control” pre-
vailing here. All meat has the munici-
pal mark of first or second class be-
fore it can go out to be sold, so'that
all buyers know what they are getting.
No effort seems to have been made
here to reduce or regulate the price to
the consumer-only he is protected
against bad or diseased meat and of-
(Continued on page 398).

 

   
  

 

Goodyear No—Hook Tires
Are Fortified Against:

Rim-Cutting—By our No-Rim-Cut
feature.

Blow-Outs—By our On-Air Cure.

LooseTreads—-By our Rubber Rivets.

insecurity—~By our Multiple Braided
Piano Wire Base.

Punctures and Skidding— By our
Double-Thick All-Weather Tread.

 

 

 

Every Goodyear Feature
Yields Greater Mileage

We do not depend upon rubber
alone for Goodyear mileage, nor
on fabric alone; nor alone on the
skillul combination of the two.

Our experts devise many ways to
toughen rubber, to make it wear
longer and better.

They seek to make Goodyear Tires
superior to abuse, misuse and
Wretched roads.

Rim—cutting was a common fault
of tires until Goodyear devised
its No-Rim—Cut feature. Then it
ceased to be a terror of motoring.

The Goodyear Orr-Air cure.
smooths possible wrinkles out of
the fabric in the final vulcaniza—
tion, for fabric not entirely smooth
under the rubber tread is weak
and invites blow—outs.

Our Rubber Rivets minimize loose
treads by literally welding the
tread to the body of the tire.

We guard against insecurity, and
against tube pinching, by vul-
canizing many braided piano
wires into the base of the tire.

These hold the tire firm and flat

on the rim.

Puncture and skidding are guarded
against by the double thickness
of the All-Weather Tread, and
the sharp, square blocks, biting
deep into a soft road, afford posi-
tive traction.

These Goodyear features are all
a part of the Goodyear policy
of building the highest quality
into a tire, so that the user
can get the greatest mileage
with the least trouble at the
lowest cost.

A policy which has made Good-
year the one favored tire—with
almost 200 brands for every
buyer to choose from.

Goodyear Tires, Tubes and Accessories are easy to get
from Goodyear Service Station Dealers everywhere.

The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company

AKRON, OHIO .

 

 


 

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You Almost Forgel

A six cylinder motor is superior to a four chiefly in that Except for the start frd'rn :
it is possz'éle in a six to have greater range of speed on direct will drive the Overland Six 11nd
drive—requiring less gear shifting. and hill conditions with seldom ,

But not 52/] sixes are superior to 4/1 fours. And not only is the Overla

flexibility.

We build both sixes and fours.
, . , , It has great reserve povr'er.
We build fours that have greater flexrbility than

many sixes. Its range of speed on direct <

. . . . . coupled with reserve power, \vhic,
Our only purpose, therefore, 1n building a srx IS to with [zzgr/zz‘mkzg rapidity from the 5‘
satisfy (wit/z Over/47262715724523! those discriminating buyers who

. . . . And our enormous output en;
demand well nigh miraculous performance 111 an automobile.

Six, equipped with our vastly su
SO the Overland Six is equipped With a motor SO flexible hundreds of, dollars less than y(
that it almost lets you forget that you have a gear shift. formance in any other car.

Catalog on request. Fla

The Willys-Overland C4

“Made in U.


   

“if J
I
..

MARCH-,18, 1916.

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f «if. :TOMO

get Your Gear Shift 3

t frdm an absolute standstill, you
Six under even the severest traffic
seldom a need to shift a gear.

e Overland Six motor a marvel of

pom”.

1 direct drive or “high” is therefore
’er, which enables you to accelerate
)m the slowest to the fizzy/2852‘ speeds.

ltput enables us to offer the Overland
'astly superior six motor, at a price
than you must pay for equal per-
r.

rst. Please address Dept. 390

[(1 Company, Toledo, Ohio

ude in U. S. A.”

     

.99
39®®®®®EE®§§E

 

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0|

We are the world’s largest builders of sixes and fours, @(
producing Virtually two cars for every one of any other com CD:
cern building similar types and sizes of cars. 8%
Obviously, the Overland Six is underpriced—is domi- @S‘:

nant Six value—comparable only with very much higher
priced cars.

The rush of spring buying naturally centers upon
such excess value, taxing even our unequalled production
capacity.

See the Overland dealer at once and order your
Six now.

“-1 .

' .r‘lp'-\.@
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mobile production this year is—

Spark Plugs.

 

 

—_‘
”TOLEDO MADE FOR "1! WHOLI WORLD'S TRADE

Dependable Spark Plugs

HE oflz'a'a/ mtz'mate of the AUTOMO-
iiiLE CHAMBER or COMMERCE on auto-

Oue mil/ion four Inercdt/zomand can“.
Of these, over ainillicn will he Fords,
Overlands, Studebakers and hlzixwells,
equipped with Champion Dependable

Champions have been selected by these hundred and more manufacturers because their
exhaustive tests have shown that the Champions designed for their motors give the but "min.
Remember their Conclusions when] u replace the plugs in your car.

CHAMPION SPARK PLUG COMPANY, 506 UPTON AVE, TOLEDO, O.

The Manufacturers of W” one bonfired
ot/zer car: will equip this year ext/mzwefy
with Champions. Their production rwzll
exceed 1.70.000 can.

So of all the automobiles produced this
year it is apparent that more than four out
of five will be dependab‘ly equipped—
with Champions. '

ifensive

 

 

 

 

 
   
 
 
    
   

ti

S’pc

free of charge.
this Company.

Specify Sears-Cross a; stun

\

clam$

AND TIMOTHY

DECIDED‘BARGAIHNVESIIGATE Ind Save Money
Red Glover and Timothy mixed—the standard grasses

Contains 1—

elover, just right to sow T oroughly cleaned and sold
3k for this
in. Have Pure
odrw r r i d .33“ 8”ng

t or ree camp as an . ca 03.
IOWA

iiuivrii{alumnis ii.

lue Known—Investigate. Alsike

cannot be our scd for ha or pasture
on approval. subject to government test. A
mixed seed if you want our greatest ba
Clover. vS’w‘eel; Clover. Timothy and all

» rite
t .- um SEED 0Q. BOX 831 CI.“

Greatest Grape Seed
Glover and Timothy mixed—the finest grass

everywhere. You will save 1-3 on your
writing for free sample, circular and
-Seed uxde. Write todaly
00.. Dept. 531 43rd and

5113's.;

1iElWT'ZiIEll

i1

Ford, Chevrolet, Saxon and Mom

75

For
B

o-

A

,arbhgsi

AbgoluteliyAddhrate
Mill 5 V ‘

111

v

, “W’Tne
WHETHER you buy a car equipped with a Scar:-
Cross SPEDlNDlCATOR or buy a Sears—Cross

SPEDlNDICATOR to

pany are located in éll
United States and Domin
Any Sears-Cross instrument may be taken to any of these
stations or branches for repair or adjustment.

Sears-Cross SPEDlNDlCATORS are absolutely guar-

anteed .to be mechanically perfect, and if not tampered
With, Will be repaired or replaced at any Service Station.

All Service Stations carry a complete line of parts for
every model of SPEDINDICATOR manufactured by

Ask your dealer to show you the Sears-Crone (earleu mechanical horn.

Sears-Cross HORNS. and SPED NDICATORS for unequipped can such .

0e, are for sale by the best dealers.
rd cqmpment on your new car.

SEARS-CROSS CO., Bush Terminal. New York
Branches and Service Stations in all principal cities

own for
hay and pasture. Cheapest seeding you can ma e, grown
ass seed bilhby
i Oil-operative
. Aunnicnn $10TQAL_ Scan
oby St., Chicago. Illinois.

(116 / to!

. r your car, the Sears-Cross Com-
pany retains an interestin your SPEDINDICATQR.
Service Stations and Branches of the Sears-Cross Com-
principal cities throughout the
ion of Canada.

 

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’j. .l'; pmiculu-n 9! mt
' \ l 3 mode on n bicycle
”w l 1' 4

   
 
        

. as

er ever

Y“ '3" ”a???“

. l our Im- rlm and "M7 ma.

‘ ill}! " .ul' ll, “04 ITVLEOJIm and eolornln Ranger

' 3 i; l,” it. bicycles. loot complotollno In America.

"'1‘! \“ Other guaranteed model. OIL“. "$75 and

’ i" ‘ "1.60. A new good second-bond bicycle.

" ll token In trade. a to .8 to clear

'0 Tina. lompc.,whooln. sundries. m. and all
. blcyclo supplies at Manual prion. Do not

null! you act our cot-lo: and adorn. ”’11“ Now.

even co, um. 1277» cmmo

We positively teach you at home by mainlatgmm

to 0 odd as Chnufleur or Re
fiduu‘lsllll‘vad to y , But I,“ love“ Illa.
uonm PURNIB ID. Wflk “MB-OI. \ '

Pnctlcol Auto School, “-W Beaver Street, New York

ORGANIZED AGRICULTURE IN
NORWAY. '

 

(Continued from page 395).
slaughter house nuisances.
The system used preserves the eco-
nomic value of the entire animal for
the best purposes to which each part
may be put.

But a short distance out of Christi-
ania the farmers of Norway, some six
thousand of them, have constructed
and are operatin a. co-operative
slaughter house and refrigerator plant.
It is of the same substantial, re-in-
forced concrete construction. It is un-
der municipal inspection which gives
its product the benefit of assurance
that it is first-class and dependable.
The members are obliged to have all
of their animals slaughtered at this in-
stitution or suffer the penalty of a fine
for every animal sold or slaughtered
elsewhere. The institution pays its
members for Whatever animals they
bring, at the market price prevailing
at that time, and then once or twice a.
year distributes among the members
their share of the net profits based up-
on their contributions to the net prof-
its in live stock supplied.

There had been completed in Chris-
tiania a five or six-story building of
modern re-inforced concrete construc-
tion with Norway Granite facing on
the lower floor, as the general head-
quarters of the co-operative purchas-
ing and distributing associations of
Norway. It is owned by six thousand
farmers through seventy local socie-
ties representing seven provinces of
Norway. They are handling all kinds
of farm machinery, farm seed, etc.,
and have provided ample room for
;wholesale departments for general
; merchandise.

It seems that many of the sections
Iof Norway are so isolated from each
other by mountain ranges and other
barriers and the communication be-
tween them is so greatly interrupted
that their languagevaries greatly. Of-
ten they cannot understand each other
in their respective districts, and find
it difficult to make themselves under-
stood when they are in Christiania. So
lthis community meeting place serves
as a clearing house for interpreting
the different languages as well as for
the handicraft and products of the peo-
ple. At the time of our visit several
hundred farmers and their families
were eating lunch in the commodious
dining quarters of their co-operative
home in the national'capitol. They
were waited upon by young ladies from
the different provinces, gowncd in
their home costumes. There are also
hotel accommodations and a theatre
fully equipped and up-to-dalc. The
building is situated in one of the best
locations in the city and cost $250,000.
Rural and Urban Credit Facilities.
The Mortgage Bank of the Kingdom

 

 

By ZAN
“Look!” said Florence excitedly.
“What is that?” asked Madeline.
“Why, it’s Link Stevens coming with

the automobile!”

“Oh, no! Why, it’s only a few min-
utes since he telephoned saying the
party had just arrived.”

“Take a look with the glasses,” said
Florence.

One glance through the powerful
binoculars convinced Madeline that
Florence was right, and another glance
at Stillwell told her that he was speec
at Stillwell told her that he was
speechless with delight. She remem-
bered a conversation she had had with
Link Stevens 3. day or two before.

“Stevens, I hope the car is in good
shape,” she had said.

 

 

 

“Now, Miss Hammond, she’s as right
as the best-trained boss I ever rode,”
he had replied.

“The valley road
had gone on musingly.

is perfect,” she
“I never saw

 

 

'« MARSH 1mm.

of Norway has its central office at
Christiania and its loan offices in var-
ious towns throughout the country.
It is organized to procure for pro-
prietors of real estate facilities for
raising money on their property. The
original capital was furnished by the
state and on account of this the bank
pays an interest of four per cent per
annum, which is taken from the sur-
plus receipts after the payment of the
cost of management. Loans are made
on a 50 per cent valuation basis, the
bonds issued each year forming a sero
ies running from thirty to eighty years.
Repayment takes place at half-yearly
installments in such a way that the
sums to be paid in accordance with
the amortization plan accumulate so
as to represent, together with the in-
terest paid, sums which are more or
less equal for each period. The bank
also has the right to redeem at any
period after six months’ notice, a great-
er number of bonds than ordinarily
provided for, or even a whole series.
The bonds are issued against mortgag-
es taken in the first instance and are
guaranteed by the city and find a.
rctady sale in London and Paris on a.
four per cent basis.

There is also the Norwegian Bank
for Workmcn’s Credit. This bank is
organized to aid the city and suburban
citizen of limited means and good habo
its to buy and own his own home. Both
banks are conducled on a business
basis, have been successfully tried out
for a number of years, have never met
any reverses and seem to be construc-
tive community undertakings for the
encouragement, of stable and depend-
able citizenship.

The long days of summer would
seem to form an abundance of good
haying weather, but such is not the
case. It rains so much that it is a.
common sight to see the farmer hang-
ing out his hay to dry, as we would a.
washing.

The Norwegians, furthermore, be-
lieve that “All work and no play makes
Jack or Hans a dull boy.” They do a
large part of their playing in the win-
lci‘ time. Back of Christiania is a beau-
tiful mountain park. Here amidst the
beautiful Norway Spruce on the slopes
of Vaxenhollcn five, thousand people
assemble in winter to enjoy the excit-
ing sport of skiing and tobogganing.
This track is three miles or more long
and is quickly covered in five minutes
01' less. ,

Our minister, who had previously
represented this country also in Swit-
zerland, assured us that for scenery
and natural beauty and grandeur, Nor-
way is quite the equal of Switzerland.
We came away from Norway with a,
favorably impression of her people, of
their thrift and their enterprise. We
were agreeably surprised to find the
progress they had made in agricultural
co-opcration.

HllHill!lHHIEHHHHlllllllllllll'lllllllllllIIHIIHHHHHIIHIIIHIIHIHHHHHIHHUHHIHIlHHIHI!llllllHIIIHHHHHHHlE:HillllIHHIHHIHHHHHHHUU?illll'HHil!l!HHIIH!ll!Ellii!lllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Light of Western Stars.

 

E GREY
such a beautiful road, even in France.
No fences, no ditches, no rocks, no ve~
vehicles—just a lonely road on the
desert.” ,

“Shore, it’s lonely,” Stevens had an~
swci'ed with slowly brightening eyes;
“an’ safe, Miss Hammond.”

“My sister used 10 like fast riding.
If I remember correctly, all of my
guests were a little afflicted with the
speed mania. It is a common disease
with New Yorkers. I hope, stevens,
'that you will not give them reason to
think we are altogether steeped in the
slow, dreamy, manana languor of the
southwest?”

Link eyed her doubtfully, and then
his bronzed face changed its dark as-
pect and seemed to shine.

“Beggin’ your pardon, Miss Ham-
mond, thet’s shore tall talk fer Link
Stevens to savvy! You mean, as long
as I drive careful an’ safe I can run
away from my dust, so to say, an’ get

 

  

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here in somethin’ less than the greas-
er‘s tomorrow?”

Madeline had laughed her assent.
And now, as she watched the thin
streak of dust, she reproached herself.
She trusted Stevens; she had never
known so skillful, daring, and iron-
nerved a driver as he was; if she had
been in the car herself she would have
had no anxiety. But imagining what
Stevens would do on forty miles and
more of that desert road, Madeline suf-
fered a prick of conscience.

“VVal, as Nels says, I wouldn’t be in
that there ottomobile right now fer a.
million pesos!" remarked Stillwell.

“ls Stevens driving very fast?” Mad-
eline asked anxiously. -

“Fast? Miss Majesty, there hain’t.

ever been anythin’ except a streak of
lightnin’ run so fast in this country. I
can jest see Link now, the crooked-
legged little feller, hunchin’ down over
that Wheel as if it was a hoss’s neck.”

“I told him not to let the ride be hot
or dusty,” remarked Madeline.

“Haw! Haw!” roared Stillwell.
“W'al, I’ll be goin’. I reckon I’d like
to be hyah when Link drives up, but I
want to be with the boys down by the
bunks. It'll be some fun to see Nels
and Monty when Link comes flyin’
along.”

“I wish Al had stayed to meet them,”
said Madeline.

Her brother had rather hurried a
shipment of cattle to California; and
it was Madeline’s supposition that he
had welcomed the opportunity to ab-
sent himself from the ranch.

“I am sorry he wouldn‘t, stay,” re-
plied Florence; “but Al‘s all business
now, and he’s doing finely. It’s just as
well, perhaps.”

“Surely. That was my pride speak—
ing. 1 would like to have all my fam-
ily and all my old friends see what a
man Al has become. Well, Link Stev-
ens is running like the wind. The car
will be here before we know it. Flor-
ence, we’ve only a few moments to
dress; but first I want to order many
and various and exceedingly cold re-
freshments for that approaching
party.”

Less than a half—hour later Madeline

,went again to the porch and found

Florence there.

“Oh, you look just lovely!” exclaim-
ed Florence. impulsively, as she gazed
wide-eyed at. Madeline; “and somehow
so different.”

Madeline smiled a little sadly. Per-
haps, when she had put. on that ex-
quisite white gown, something had
come to her of the manner which be—
fitted the wearing of it. She could not
resist the desire to look fair once more
in the eyes of these hypercritical
friends. She, knew that. what sociely
had once been pleased to call her beau-
ty had trebled sinCe it had last been
seen in a drawing—room.

Madeline wore no jewels, but at her
waist she had pinned two great crim-
son roses. Against the dead white they
had the life, and fire and redness of
the desert. '-

“Link‘s hit the old round-up trail,”
said Florence, “and, oh, isn’t he riding
that car!”

With Florence, as with most of the
cowboys, the car was never driven,
but ridden.

A white spot with a long tail of dust
showed low down in the valley. It was
now headed almost straight for the
ranch. Madeline watched it growing
larger moment by moment, and her

pleasurable emotion grew accordingly.

Then the rapid beat of a horse’s hoofs
caused her to turn.

Stewart was riding in on his black
horse. He had been absent on an im—
portant mission, and his duty had tak-
en him to the international boundary-
line. His presence home long before
he was expected was particularly grat-
ifying to Madeline, for it meant that
his mission had been brought to a suc-
cessful issue. Once more, for the hun-
dredth time, the man’s efficiency struck
Madeline. He was a doer of things.

The black horse halted wearily with-i

1311111» M1 desen- N" 1111 11-in R

 

 

 

a- .3...

 

=—m.v..._x~..- W I.

 

. . Intensive
Manufacturing

NTENSIVE manufacturing, like
intensive farming, is simply effici-
ent specialization. The only ob-

ject of intensive methods is to secure
by the intelligent application of
specialized knowledge, a larger, better
and less expensive product.

Maxwell Motor cars are products of
intensive manufacturing. In the first
place, we make only one chassis. We
do not build cars of different wheel-
bases, having long since passed the
experimental stage of our develdp-
ment. We know that for our purpose
a wheelbase of 103 inches meets all
conditions and therefore we have
standardized that length.

In the second place, we build only
one motor—a powerful, four cylinder,
high speed, smooth running motor
that has created much favorable com-
ment among Maxwell owners. We do
not dabble with this, that and some
other type of engine—nor do we ask
customers to risk the satisfactory
operation of any other new and
untried fads or innovation.

Maxwell cars are as nearly stand-
ardized as it is possible to make them.
In all essentials they are correct be-

Brief Specifications—F our cylinder motor; cone clutch; unit transmission 3 (speeds) bolted
to engine, 1% floating rear axle; left-side steering, center control; 56” tread, 103' wheelbase;
30x3 %” tires; weight 1,960 pounds. Equipment—Electric starter;E1ectric headlights (with
dimmer) and tail-light; storage battery; electric horn; one-man mohair top with envelope
and quick-adjustable storm curtains; clear vision, double-ventilating windshield; speedo-
meter; spare tire carrier; demountable rims; pump, jack, wrenches and tools. Service—~16
complete service stations, 54 district branches, over 2,500 dealers and agents—so arranged
and organized that service can be secured anywhere within 12 hours. Prices—Z-Passen-
ger Roadster, $635; 5—Passenger Touring Car, $655, F. O. B. Detroit. Three other body styles.

cause they have been put to the test;
not only by us but by thousands of
owners in all parts of the country.
And they have acquitted themselves
creditably.

Of course, we are always going
forward and striving to produce a
motor car that will approach mechan-
ical and engineering perfection. We
make minor changes and refinements
from time to time, knowing that the
march of progress demands it. The
“ultimate” car is not here and, like
tomorrow, never will be. So the next
best thing is to build a car that will
approach this condition of absolute
excellence.

With a demand exceeding five
thousand cars per month, we can and
do effect great economies in all manu-
facturing departments. These econo~
mics, as you know, would be impossi-
ble with a smaller production or a
wide range of types and sizes.

Beauty of lines and. finish; sturdi-
ness combined with light weight;
economy in first cost and upkeep—
these are the qualities contributed by
Maxwell intensive manufacturing
methods.

 

‘l'"ll‘||l' m»

 

 

 

 

 

T, MICHIGAN

Write to Department No. 30 for our booklet “22,000 Mile: Without Stopping.”

 

 

 

 

 

-tm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

400—24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4....4, ,fi T

   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   

might be ruined. Good fences enable
your fields. . .

There is a style for every purpose in
the Peerless Line.

Hog, Field and Poultry Fences

All made from the best quality_of Open
Hearth Steel Wire, heavily galvanized by a
special process. One-piece cross-barsgive the
fence upright rigidity and the special knot
prevents wire slipping in any direction. _Poul-
try fences are close spaced and are designed
to stretch up‘straight and true Without top
or bottom rails.

Peerless Gates

You are not saving money by using board
gates. They may be a little cheaper in first
cost, if you don’t consider your time worth
anything, but they are more expensive in the
long run. Peerless steel and wire_gates, With
their big frames, heavy wire filling, handy
and emcient fittings, last many times as long
as any wooden gate and improve the looks of
the place. There are many different styles,
and you can find one to just snit you.

Before you buy a rod of fence or a sin-
gle gate you should send for our big free
catalogue and get full details about
Peerless fencing and gates.

PEERLESS WIRE FENCE CO.

. _, w m
SPEERLESS
FE NC INGaIIo'GA'I'ES

of the best ways is to improve your farm. An invest-

" ment of a few dollars in fencing pays more than 6%. You know
it is perfectly safe and relieves worry.

You can replace any bad stretches with Peerless fencing at little cost, save

time mending the old fence, save possible injury to animals, and save crops that

THE‘MIC'HIGAN FARMER

ADD

0

a

l {to flu Kzlue of
=2 R yam/mu

HERE is more than one way to save
money besides putting it in the bank. One

 

you to get full forage value from all

 

The Peerless Self-Raising Gate

S one of the best selling styles in our en-
tire line. It is no lon er necessary to
lug around the old-fa: ioned sagging,
dragging, heavy ates. The Peerless lifts
automatically an swings over all obstruc-
tions, snow, lee, grass,
and rubbish.

   

 

ln addition to being self-raising, it is
extra heavy in both frame and filling. Big,
massive frames of lfi-inch tubing and
close woven all No. 9 wire, close mesh fill-
ing, insures long life.

Every part heavily electro-galvanized——no
paint to wash or wear off in a year or two.

 

 

 

, 210 Michigan St., Adrian, Mich."

 

 

 

 
    
   
    
     
 

 

A Bohon Buggy at an

Kentucky Rival $332

'Unheardeof Price

They’ll say "Bohon can’t do it,” but here I an _.t”.‘.‘!!!§.

1/pr l

.II M.

with the buggy-bargain of the season. hly Special
money-saving price knocks the Spots ofl‘ anything *

that has ever been offered.
. .My Kentucky Rival buggy is made in
, Specml factory. Immense output. direct scl
ing and standardized manufacturing methm

a'
I.
is

enable me to make this low price. The Ken- '-

tucky Rival is sold on 30 days’ trial an
it Is guaranteed for two years.

bet my special Kentucky Rival circular
also my big new catalog describing

a

and

BOHON’S BUGGIES

Absolutely the best buggies money can

tory. (-cpuiue straight grain, sccond—gro

buy. Every job madefight in our own fac-
wth, Kentucky split hickory. French head,

French pmnt springs, strong hickory wheels, long distance axles. Upholstered in Bohon’s

HAND lil'l"l“lil) auto lcathcr. Bohou’

s famous full wrought running gear doubly

braced. lu building the “Blue Grass” buggyr we have done everything possible to secure

style, comfort, durability and clcgance.
ever made.

he easiest riding, lightest running buggy

60-Day Trial—Unlimited Guarantee.

hly‘buggies‘ must have quality or I
“Blue Grass” right out on the road am

couldn’t make any such offer. You take the
I make any fair test. If my buggy isn’t right

. in every particular, let me know and I’ll take it back. .
The “lllue (il‘aSS” buggy's unlimited guarantee against defective material and
workmanship is backed by my $30,000 Bond.
1 also make a. complete line of pony vehicles and.
harness and oak-tanned single and double work and.

buggy harness. All sold

    

under guarantee.

nuns? T5321; FREE

 
  

Filled with bargains in b

uggics of cvcry kind.

200 pilgt‘s. lllustratcd in colors. Like taking

 
 
 
 

a trip through the factor)
book. Send your name fo

7 - .‘I (I
7. Xou need this ‘\,
r lrcc c01)y. .

D. T. BOHON

  
 
 
 

208 Main St.

HARRODSBURE, KY.

 

 

Penny Postal Brings Book of

Fence Facts
Before you buy ’ . Direct from fac-
amy fence, get ;‘ tory— freight
this valu- W pre aid. Save
able book. '3: dea er profits.
Empire Fence
Big No. 9 wircs I, Thousands write
openheart h stqc . t h a t it outlasts
heaVily galvanized. everything else.

   
 
  
  
   
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RITE FOR 1 ' l
D . . ‘ z

I”? [w . O O
: y: . . A .
. 9"“ Fir Over 25,000,000 rods Brown
I F Fence already sold to 400,000

4 M farmers. Factory Prices.

’ ; ‘5 FreightPrepaid. l50 styles

/ l3¢ per rev! up. States an
5" Steel Posts, tool Write postal.

 

Bond Steel Post Co. _.,,16£ Maumee 8t. “rim. Mich.

  

SWEET‘BLUVER‘Si?

WhitoBlossoms. Biggest bargain in unhulled Sweet .Clo<
{vei- this-season. Have scarificd hullcd seed at low prices.
onderful money-maker. Best. paying crop on the Farm
ay. Builds up worn out land rapidly and produces
heavy, money-making crops while doingr it. Splendid pas~
ture and hay; inoculates your land for Alfalfa. Keep up
With the times. Investigate. It Will pay you to get our
(pies and prices and big Profit Sharing excluswe
Field an Grass Seed Guide. it’s free. AMERicAN Mur-
UAL SEED 00., Dept. 1381 431d and Roby St., Chicago. Ill.

 

 

‘ 5’ 2 sown use: a mar. co
i _p.,.,:';" . . - summon;

out the usual pound of. hoofs on the
gravel, and the dusty rider dismount.-
ed wearily. Both horse and rider
showed the heat and dust and wind or
many miles.

Madeline advanced to the porch
steps, and Stewart, after taking a. par-
cel of papers from a, saddle—bag, turn-
ed toward her. -

“Stewart, you are the best of cour-
iers,” she said. “I am pleased.”

Dust streamed from his sombrero as
he doffed it. His dark face seemed to
rise as he straightened his weary
shoulders.

“Here are the reports, Miss Har—
mond,” he replied.

As he looked up to see her standing
there, dressed to receive her eastern
guests, he checked his advance with a,
violent action which recalled to Made-
line the one he had made on the night,
she had met him, when she disclosed
her identity. It was not fear or em-
barrassment or awkwardness. It was
only momentary; yet, slight as had
been his pause, Madeline received
from it an impression of some strong
halting force. A man struck by a bul-
let might have had an instant jerk of
muscular control such as convulsed
Stewart.

In that instant, as her keen gaze
searched his dust-caked face, she met
the full, free look of his eyes. Her
own did not fall, though she felt a.
warmth steal to her cheeks. Madeline
very seldom blushed; but now, con-
scious of her sudden color, a genuine
blush flamed on her face. It, was irri-
tating, because it was incomprehensi-
ble.

She received the papers from Stew—
art and thanked him. He bowed, then
led the black down the path toward
the corrals. ?

“When Stewart, looks like that, he’s
been riding,” said Florence. “Bu! v. hen
his horse looks like that, he's sure
been burning the wind.”

Madeline watched the wear)~ horse
and rider limp down the path. What
had made her thoughtful? Gvncrully
it was something new or inexplicable
that stirred her mind to quick analysis.
In this instance the thing that, had
struck her was Stewart’s glance. He
had looked at her, and the old, burning
inscrutable fire, the darkness, had left
his eyes. Suddenly they had been
beautiful.

The look had not been one of sur-
prise or admiration; nor had it been
one of love. She was familiar, too
familiar, with all three. It, had not
been a gaze of passion, for there was
nothing beautiful in that. Madeline
pondered; and presently she realized
that Stewart’s eyes had expressed a
strange joy or pride. That €Xpl‘0xsiOll
Madeline had never before encounter-
ed in the look of any man. The longer
she lived among these outdoor mm the
more they surprised her. Particularly,
how incomprehensible was this cow-
boy, Stewart! Why should he have
pride or joy at sight of her?

Florence’s exclamation recalled Mad-

eline’s attention to the approaching au-
tomobile. It was on the slope now,
some miles down the long, gradual
slant. Two yellow, funnel-shaped
clouds of dust seemed to'shoor out
frOm behind the car and roll aloft. to
join the column that stretched down
the valley.
“I wonder what riding a mile a min
ute would be like,” said Florence. “I’ll
sure make Link take me. Oh, but
look at him come!”

The giant czir resembled a white
demon, and but for the dust would
have appeared to be sailing in the air.
Its motion was steadily forward, hold-
ing to the road as if on rails; and its
velocity was astounding. Long gray
veils, like pennants, streamed in the
Wind. A low rushing sound became

 

 

Imomvcsss—s

SAVE MONEY—Buynlre om Grower.
New recleaned Iowa Grown Timothy, free from noxious
weeds. Guaranteed Satisfactory or money refund 1.
Write toda , 100~page catalog and Free Samples. Low
prices on (2 over and all grass seeds. Write before advance.
A. A. BERRY SEED 00.. BOX 33] CLARINDA. IOWA

s

 

perceptible; it grew louder, became a
roar.

The car shot like an arrow past the
alfalfa field, by the bunk-houses, where

[the cowboys waved and cheered. The

horses and burros in the corrals be-
gan to snort and'tramp and race in

Mkncn 18, 1916.

fright. At the base of the long slope
of the foot-hill Link reduced his speed
more than half; the car roared up to
the ranch and crashed and cracked to
a halt in the yard before the porch.

Madeline descried a gray, disheveled
mass of humanity packed inside the
car. Besides the driver there were
seven occupants, and for a. moment
they appeared to be coming to life,
moving and ‘exclaiming under their
veils and wraps and dusbshields.

Link Stevens stepped out, and, re-

moving his helmet and goggles, cooly .

looked at his watch.

“An hour an’ a quarter, Miss Ham-
mond,” he said. “It’s sixty-three miles
by the valley road, an’ you know there
is a couple of bad hills. I reckon we
made fair time, considerin’ you want-
cd me to drive slow an’ safe!”

From the mass of dusty—veiled hu-
manity in the car came a chorus of
low exclamations and plaintive femi-
nine wuils.

Madeline stepped to the front of the
porch. Then the deep voices of men
and softer voices of women united in
one glad outburst, as much a thanks-
giving as a. greeting:

“Majesty!”

Helen Hammond was three years
younger than Madeline, and a slender,
pretty girl. She did not resemble her
sister except in whiteness and fineness
of skin, being more of a brown-eyed,
brown—haired type. Having recovered
her breath soon after Madeline took
her to her room, she began to talk.

“Majesty, old girl, I'm here, but you
can bet I would new-1' have come here
if I had known about that ride from
the railroad! You never wrote that
you had a car. I thought this was out
west—stagecoach, and all that sort of

thing. Such a rrouwndous car! And"

the road! And Iluu Ivrrible little man
with the leather trousers! What kind
of a chauffeur is he?"

“He’s a cowboy. He was crippled by
falling under his horse, so I had him

instructed to run the car. He can
drive, don’t you think?”
“Drive? Good gracious! He scared

us to death, except Custleton. Nothing
could scare that cold-blooded little
Englishman. I am dizzy yet. Do you
know, Majesty, I was delighted when
I saw the car. Then your cowboy driv-
er met us at the platform. What a.
queer-looking individual! He had a
big pistol strapped to those leather
trousers. That made me nervous.
When he piled us all in with our grips,
he put me in the seat beside him,
whether I liked it or not. I was fool
enough to tell him I loved to travel
fast. What do you think he said?
Well, he eyed me in a. rather cool and
speculative way, and said with a smile:
‘Miss, I reckon anything you love an’
want bad will be coming to you out
here!’ I didn’t know whether it was
delightful candor 01' impudence. Then
he said to all of us: ‘Shore, you’d bet-
ter wrap up in the veils and dusters.
It’s a long, slow, hot, dusty ride to the
ranch, an’ Miss Hammond's order was
to drive saft.’ He got our baggage-
checks and gave them to a man with a
huge wagon and a four-horse team.
Then he cranked the car, jumped in,
wrapped his arms round the wheel,
and sank down low in his seat. There
was a crack, a ji-i-k, a kind of flash
around us—and that: dirty little town
was somewhere on 1119 map behind.
For about five minim-s I had a lovely
time. Then the wind began to tear me
to pieces. I was fascinated, then terri-
fied. We went so fast. I couldn’t catch
my breath.”

“Helen, I thought. you were fond of
speeding,” said Madeline with a laugh.

“I was; but I assure you I never be-
fore was in a fast car, I never saw a
road, I never met a driver.”

“Perhaps I may have a few surprises
for you out here in the wild and woolly
west.”

Helen’s dark eyes showed a sister’s
memory of possibilities.

“You’ve started well,” she said. “I
am simply stunned. I expected to find
you old and dowdy. Majesty, you’re

 

 

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MARCH 18, 1916;

the handsomest thing I ever laid eyes
on! You’re so splendid and strong,
and your skin isdike white gold. What
has happened to you? What‘s changed
you? This beautiful room, those glor-
ious roses out there, the. cool, dark
sWeetness of this wonderful house! I
know you, Majesty, and though you
never wrote it, I believe you have
made a home out here. That’s the
most stunning surprise of all. Come,
confess. I know l‘vo always been sel-
fish, and not much of a sister; but, if
you are, happy out; here I am glad. You
were not happy at, home. Tell me
about yourself and about Alfred; then
I’ll give you all the messages and news
from the east."

It gave Madeline no small pleasure
to hear from one and all of her guests
varied encomiums upon her beautiful
home, and a real and warm interest
in what promised to be a delightful
and memorable visit.

Of them all Castleton was the only
one who failed to show surprise. lle
greeted her precisely as he had when
he had last seen her in London. Made.
line, rather to her astonishment, found
meeting him again pleasurable. She
discovered that she liked this imper-
turbable Englishman. Iler capacity
for liking anyone had cnla ‘ged. Quite
unexpectedly her old girlish love for
her younger sister sprang into life;
and with it interest in these half-for-
gotten friends and a warm regard for
Edith Wayne, a chum of college days.

Helen’s party was smaller than Mad-
eline had expected it to be. Helen had
been careful to select a company of
good friends, all of whom were well
known to Madeline. Edith Wayne was
a patrician brunette, a serious, soft-
VOiced woman; sweet and kindly, de-
spite a rather bitter experience that
had left her worldly wise. Mrs. Car-
rollton Beck, a plain, lively person,
had chaperoned the party. The fourth
and last of the feminine contingent
was Miss Dorothy Coombs——Dot, as
they called her—~a young woman of at-
tractive blond prettiness.

Castleton was of small staturewith
a pink and white complexion, and a
small golden mustache. lie was im-
maculate and fastidious. Robert Vl'eede
was a rather large, florid young man,
remarkable only for his good nature.
Counting Boyd Harvey, a handsome,
pale-faced fellow, with the careless
smile of the man for whom life had
been easy and pleasant, the party was
complete.

Dinner was a happy hour, especially
for the Mexican women who served it,
and who could not fail to note its suc-
cess. The mingling of low voices and
laughter, the old gay, superficial talk,
the graciousness of a class which liv-
ed for the pleasure of things and to
make time pass pleasurably for others
—all this took Madeline far back into
the past. She did not, care to return
to it, but she saw that it; was well she
had not wholly cut herself off from
her people and friends.

When the party adjourned to the
porch the heat had markedly decreas-
ed and the rod sun was sinking over
the red desert. An absence of spoken
praise, a gradually deepening silence
attested to the ’impression that the
noble sunset made on the visitors. Just
the the last curve of red rim vanished
beyond the dim Sierra Madres. and the
golden lightning began to flare bright-
er, Helen Hammond broke the silence
with an exclamation.

(Continued next week).

 

WHY NOT A WINTER FAIR?

(Continued from page 394).
space, which the merchants bought.
Space was allowed in the program and
premium list booket, at the rate of $5
for full page (5 %x7 inches), and $3 for
a half page. The advertising receipts
more than paid for the cost of all
printed matter in connection with the
institute and fair, including the book-
lets, space in two county papers two
weeks. entry and premium tags, and

-3 “fit . é

is . a :42 .
THE MICHIGAN FARMER

the mailing of the premium list to ev-
ery school teacher and every super-
visor in the county.

In addition to the above sources of
revenue, we were able to secure an
appropriation from the board of super-
visors, $75, to be used for farmers’ in-
stitute work in general. Inasmuch as
a considerable portion of the expense
of farmers‘ institute work is met by
membership fees, much of this $75 was
available in paying cash premiums for
art, penmanship, canning, sewing, and
other contests. The services of secre-
tary, judges, department, heads, and
the use of the hall were all free, so
that expenses were kept low.

While the fair was not a money mak-
ing scheme for anyone, and the pre—
miums Were all rather small, yet the
response on the part of exhibitors and
visitors was prompt and generous. The
work was truly of educational value to
all concerned. One satisfactory fea-
ture of the fair was that it demon-
strated the bounty which the farmer
can produce, in spite of an adverse and
frosty season for growing crops. What
the fair lacked in apples and corn as
compared to a normal year, it made up
in butter and eggs or baked goods. The
exhibit of beans was especially fine,
and the best. bushel sold at a premium
price of six dollars.

Unlike many counties of the state,
we had no boys’ corn or potato con-
test, or girls‘ canning contest, this
year. “here such work is conducted,
a suitable way to terminate it for the
season is to hold an exhibit, as we did

last year, and hope to do again next1

year. To interest; the school children
this year, we held, in lieu of agricul-
tural contests, a Iwnmanship, spelling,
arithmetic, and art contests. The spell—
ing and arithmetic tests were conduct-
ed at one of the institute meetings,
and it was indeed interesting to watch
the boys and girls add long columns of
figures, the awards being made for ac-
curacy and speed.

Some of the art productions were
pleasing, while the work of a nine-
year-old girl who won prizes was truly
remarkable. One contest open to high
schools called for posters to advertise
the fair, giving date and place, ap-
propriately lettered and decorated.
’l‘hese posters were used in store win-
dows, and doubtless helped to adver-
tise the. event, as well as to exercise
and develop the talent of some young
folks who may some day have use for
their knowledge of original design.

In our plans for another year, we are
contemplating the holding of the Farm-
ers' institute, Teachers’ Institute, Jun-
ior Club Rally, and any kindred meet-
ings, in joint session. This will per-
mit the attendance of teachers, pupils,
and patrons, at a meeting where their
interests are common. The results
from a joint meeting are very desira-
ble from many standpoints. To be
sure, it will be best where such a plan
is attempted, to hold separate meetings
whenever the discussion is of a purely
technical or business nature, with the
organization concerned. However, it

is likely to be true in most counties"

that the speaker addressing the teach-
ers’ institute would be able to develop
a message for the pupils and patrons
as well, in say an evening meeting of
the three groups. The same principle
would apply in visiting the fair; while
school is closed the teachers and pu-
pils both would be interested in get—
ting out to a fair where the work of
other schools and agricultural clubs of
the county would be on display along
with their own.

Among the great advantages of a
winter fair is that it comes at a season
when everyone is able to spare time
for it. There are no falters or other
concessions clamoring for a right to
run gambling devices in connection
with the fair. The exhibits are purely
local, and call forth entries in all do.
partments from people who would not
think of attending a larger fair.

See Club list on page 413

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402—26

 

 

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\

 

MARCH 18, 1916,

 

 

 

 
    
 

 

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‘\ Vtmfit 113%.?

At Home 9, and Elsewhere

 

 

 

 

THE rural schools came in for a
large share of attention at. the
session of the National Educa-
tional Association recently held in De-
troit, Michigan. State supervisors and
inspectors of rural schools to the num-
ber of 200 discussed the problems of
rural education, the needs of country
schools and the progress which has
been made. in the past generation. That
much must be done before the farm
boy and girl get their just deserts from
American schools, was the consensus
of opinion, though encouraging reports
from many sections showed that edu-
cators and officials are at last on the,
right track. ‘ _

“The trouble comes from clinging to
a hidebound past,” said Harold W.
Foght, specialist in rural school prac-
tice, of the United States Bureau of
Education, “We have kept our faces
resolutely turned backward. ‘We must
right about and face the future, make
it our business to find out what is
needed right here and now. We must
put into the rural course a new leaven,
real farm yeast.

“Our common school system, to
which many of us still want to cling,
began back in pioneer days with the
three R’s, reading, writing and arith-
metic. That was all the school needed
to teach then, it- was all the communi-
ty demanded. The home was the real
educator in those days. Here the girl
learned domestic science, to bake and
brew, to spin and weave, and the boy
learned to work in wood and iron. Lat-
er in colonial times English grammar,
with its abominable parsing and dia-
gramming was added, then geography
and warped history, followed later by
physiology, and still later by music
and art, and, in our day, vocational
training. \Ve must teach the boys
manual training, the girls household
economy because the modern inven-
tions have taken these arts from the
home. How to teach them in the eight
grade schools is a question. There is
no trouble in the consolidated rural
high schools. The girls are trained in
cooking by being taught to prepare hot

 

 

 

 

 

  

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noon lunches for the pupils, the boys
are taught to make seed testers, wag-
on boxes, non-saggable gates anti other
things needed about the farm.

“The entire course of study content
for rural schools must. be made over,
and a committee of three of us are
now hard at work on it in VVashing-
ton. It looked easy when we started,
we thought all we need do was to sit
down and write a new course, but we
quickly found that a new course must
be worked out, not written. This work-
ing out is being done for us in various
schools throughout the United States
and the results will be combined in the
new course. for rural schools. \Ve are
making real headway, though we are
not yet prepared to make any an-
nouncement of a new course. That
teachers feel the need of change is
evidenced by the fact that seven out
of ten letters which we receive are
from teachers of farm schools, asking
for aid.

“What the new course will contain
is as yet undetermined, but we do
know what it must give to the pupils.
The first need of the country is strong
men and women, hence the new course
must contain hygiene and sanitation,
not the old physiology which taught
the child to name all the bones of his

 

body, but did not teach him not to go

The Rural School

As Viewed by the National Educational Association.

out and get his feet wet and die of
pneumonia. The new course must
teach him hygiene, how to take care
of his body, and sanitation, how to
take care of his house, farm and
barns. Then the man and the woman
must know and understand their op—
portunities under the body politic and
their responsibilities thereto. This
they will be taught by means of civics,
not civil government, which began
with learning the preamble of the con-
stitution, but civics taught with local
application, the duties and privileges
of the citizen in his own county and
tovmship. Civics taught with relation
to every phase of life, so that the boy
when grown will feel the duty of mak-
ing honest returns to the assessor.

“The farm boy and girl must be
taught, too, how to earn an honest liv-
ing, to know and love the soil and to
get the most out of it. The American
farmer today makes less out of his in-
vestment than anyone else in the Uni-
ted States. In 1915 his average income
above actual living expenses was only
49 cents a day. He must be taught to
make more, and this we can do through
teaching the boy agriculture, the girl
domestic science and household man-
agement.

“Thfn the cultural side must be c0n~
sidered, and this can be done when
the farmer has been taught to make
more money and thus secure more leis-
ure. There is no opportunity for the
cultural side of life so long as the
farmer is ground down by hard toil.
He can not be expected to be so inter-
ested in the purely aesthetic or relig-
ious as he might be if he had leisure.
Teach him 10 make more money, to
get more leisure, and the cultural side
will take care of itself. Put money
into improving the country, instead of
improving the town.

“How these things are to be done,
we have not yet decided. Many of
the old subjects must be thrown out
altogether. There is much dead rot
which must be eliminated. We must
throw out apothecaries’ measures and
other things which we never use, and
fill their place with practical things.
The old principles will be retained,
but new applications devised. Instead
of teaching percentage by figuring the
gains on stocks and bonds, the boy
and girl will learn to figure out the per-
centage of butter-fat. The trivial
things will be eliminated, and the
farmer and his wife taught what they
need to know today and tomorrow.”

“Because a child is born in the coun-
try it is no sign he is going to stay
there," said Charles A. Vi'agner, state
superintendent of Delaware, who fol-
lowed Mr. Foght. “In this democratic
land of the free and home of the brave
the boy who is hoeing corn on the
farm today, may be cutting coupons in
the city five years from now. We can-
not throw out of our rural schools the
things he will need in town and give
him only subjects which will be no
good in the city. What he needs to
know now, may not be at all what he
will need to know tomorrow. Give him
the ability to learn at any time the
thing he needs to know then. This
has been the trend of education in Am-
erica for the past 15 years.”

Consolidation of rural schools and
standardization were discussed. How
two-thirds of the schools in one Ohio
county were consolidated in one year
was told by W. S. Fogarty, county sup-

erintendent of schools, Eaton, Ohio. In
this county the schools of one town-
ship had been consolidated for four
years and here every boy and girl who
should be in school was in school, both
in high school and in graded schools.
With this good example the county
officials went to work and by a cam-
paign of education, newspaper articles,
personal letters, calls and petitions so
aroused the interest of the county that
two-thirds of all the schools voted to
consolidate. The result is better teach-
ers, better buildings, better equipment,
good playgrounds and high school ad-
vantages for every child in the con-
solidated districts. As showing the
difference in high school attendance in
consolidated and unconsolidated town-
ships, Mr. Fogarty gave the following
figures: Last year out of 23 eighth-
grade graduates in uncentralized dis-
tricts only seven went to high school,
while 15 out of 16 in the centralized
district attended high school. The six-
teenth child was forbidden by physi-
cians to attend. This year six out of
16 in the uncentralized schools took up
high school work and every one (if the
eighth—grade graduates in the central-
ized schools continued their work in
high school.

Deleware county, Indiana, reported
two centralized schools in 1898‘ and 81
per cent of the county consolidated in
1916, with 88 wagons carrying 680 chil-
dren to school. In Randolph county,
Indiana, 2,000 children are going to
centralized schools and the number of
school buildings has been reduced
from 129 to 60.

Standardized schools are being work-
ed for in Illinois. Here, instead of try-
ing to unite small districts into one
consolidated school, the officials are
trying to raise the standard of individ-
ual schools. When a school puts in
desks which fit the children and con~
form to certain specifications of the
state superintendent regarding heat,
light, water, fire and toilet they are
given a. placard to be nailed above the
door proclaiming this a. standard
school.

C. H. Lane, chief specialist in agri-
cultural education, of the United States
Bureau of Education, reported that
whereas in 1910, 12 states were teach-
ing agriculture, there are now 25 where
agriculture is taught. In some of these
states the Legislature has passed a.
law reduiring it, in others the state
superintendent has been given author-
ity to add it to school curriculums and
in others the subject has been added
to the list of subjects in which teach-
ers are examined.

Dr. Thomas D. Wood, Professor of
Physical Education in Columbia Uni-
versity, discussed health problems in
rural school. He made a plea. for bet-
ter buildings, and better care of the
buildings we now have.

“A bad building, well kept, is better
than a good building poorly kept,"
said Dr. Wood. “The school house
must be kept as well as the home.
There must be pure water for drink-
ing, and washing facilities so that the
children may wash before eating. Ev-
en in cities few schools have facilities
for washing, though many diseases are
spread by germs entering the mouth.
Defacing marks must be removed from
buildings and fences, and trees, shrubs
and flowers must supplant ash piles.
Playgrounds must be provided, and
garden spots as well. Each school
should have at least three acres for a
playground.

“From 60 to 75 per cent of the chil-
dren in city and country suffer from
physical defects which are detrimental

 

“s.-. ....., .,.

A . “—14 a “-1

 

 


 

.. M“, .. 4.

MARCH 18, 1916.

to mental and moral welfare as well
as to physical being. They must be
examined and treated for these defects.
Dental inspection in all schools must
come. In Great Britain it is estimated
that defective teeth cause more racial,
individual and national degeneration
than alcohol. In Europe today auto
dental offices go to the trenches and
care for the teeth of the soldiers who
are to be shot down tomorrow. Should
we not give as much attention to our
school children? These things are not
fads, luxuries nor extravagances, but
necessities.

“Vi/"arm school lunches should be
provided. Every growing child needs
warm food at noon, and experiments
have shown that children so fed can
do more and better work and tire less
easily than those who eat cold lunches
day in and day out. Providing these
lunches will give the girls a chance to
learn domestic science.

"The schools spend millions of dol«
lars trying to educate children who are
kept‘back by ill-health. Thousands
spent on health would do more good,
and people in the country are better
able to do this than the city poor. Yet
taken on the whole ,the country father
spends less money on the welfare of
his children, than the city father.”

Dr. Woods had with him a number
of charts which were exhibited at the
San Francisco Exposition, and which
show the work that is being done for
health in the schools. These have
been reproduced in pamphlet form and
will be sent on request if he is ad—
dressed at 525 W. 120th Street, New
York City. The report of the commit-
tee on minimum health requirements
will be given in another issue.

HOME QUERIES.

Household Editor:—~l have two pairs
of white Window curtains which I
should like to stain to an ccru. If you,
or any of your readers, can offer any
suggestions along this line, they will

be very thankfully received. —Mrs.

The best way to stain to an ecrue is
to dip the curtains in strong coffee,
which has been strained through a
doubled cheesecloth to remove all sed-
iment. ,

Household Editorz—Is it injurious
to clean the, rollers of a clothes wring-
er with kerosene oil? We always have
so many dark clothes, stockings and
flannel shirts, that the rollers are quite
dirty and kerosene is the only sub-
stance that will remove the dirt. I
have been told that kerosene will in-
jure the rollers. If it does, will you
please tell me how to clean the wring-
er without kerosene?

Is kerosene injurious to shoes if ap-
plied to soften the leather after shoes
have been wet ?

What is the secret of making soft
cookies? If possible give recipe for
cookies that will be soft like those,
sold in the bakeshop.~~A. M. S.

Kerosene will not injure the clothes
wringer, and personally I do not know
of anything better with which to clean
the rollers. Pure lard is better for the
slices than kerosene. The secret of
soft cookies is to use plenty of cream
or shortening, and not too much flour.
The following recipe makes soft cook<
ies, if you use just as little flour as
possible to keep them from sticking.
They are better if mixed and allowed
to stand two or three hours before
rolling and baking: Two eggs, one
cup of white sugar, one cup of short
ening, one teaspoont‘ul of soda, one-
half cup of sour cream or rich butter-
milk, flavoring to suit, and just enough
flour to roll without sticking to rolling
pin or board.

MILK IN BREAD MAKING.

Housekeepers, who have difficulty in
making good bread with the water
from their wells, should use skim-milk
for the liquid. The food value of the
bread is increased in this way, the fia-
vor is good, the crust browns nicely,
but some authorities report that bread
made with milk dries out quicker thin
when water or potato water is used.
Buttermilk. is the liquid sometimes 'is-

\

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

ed but it may give an unpleasant flavor
to the bread. The flavor of water
bread is good, but when this liquid is
used fat should be added to the bread
to make the crust less tough. Potato
water may be used but often results in
dark colored bread. Clear, warm wa-
ter to which mashed potatoes have
been added gives just as good results
and better colon—Colo. Agril. College.

 

RECIPES.

A nice dressing for boiled meats is
made as follows: One cupful of vine~
gar, one tablespoonful each of butter
and sugar, and a little salt. Mix all
together in a sauce pan, and when it
boils add one-fourth of a cup of sweet
cream into which has been stirred one
teaspoonful of flour. W'hen cooked,
pour over boiled or chopped meats.—
M. A. P.

LETTER BOX.

Woman’s Chances Not Confined to the
Home.

Deborah is an inspiration to us all,
and we find in her articles not only
what we enjoy, but what we need to
give us courage and a sensible point
of view. So it is with almost a feeling

of sacrilege that a many-years’ reader '

of the Michigan Farmer dares to call
attention to an omission in her article
on “The American Woman’s Chance.”

Don’t think for a moment that Deb-
orah is a spinster who writes house-
hold articles in a down-town oilice. In
the article above mentioned she has
proven that such is not the case—for
every contented home-maker believes
that only home-makers are happy and
supremely useful, while nearly every
business woman believes that only bus-
iness women have similar cause for
thankfulncss. These same women,
who would object to the sweeping
statement, "(Tails are black,” on the
ground that not all cats are black, nor
has the feline species a monopoly of
blackness, see no inconsistency in
their own views. Deborah‘s excellent
uriicle presupposes but one class of
women—the many whose reasons for
homo-making are a loved and respect—
ed husband and welcome and beloved
children. No doubt such are happy
and useful, and have indeed chosen the
supreme opportunity. ()n the other
hand, the writer, an unmarried social
worker, is happy, has been happier
since her thirtieth birthday than ever
consecutively before, and hasn’t the
least longing for a home. Doesn’t this
happiness and opportunity depend on
the woman even a little more than on
her occupation? '

It is doubtful if a woman of the mid-
dle classes ever reached maturity with-
out having, at some time, to choose
between home-making and business
life. And the writer, who is, you re-
member, a happy spinster, agrees that,
when the. choice lies between making
a home for the man you love and trust,
or entering the business world for any
of the reasons that Deborah names,
the horne-xmtking is indeed the choice
of greatest opportunity 'or service and
for happiness. But this particular
choice does not, come to us all. Any
of us can marry somebody ; most of us
can. marry one worthy our respect—
but is respect and the realization of a
desire for a home, sufficient, reason for
marriage? \Vhat about the man?
Would you like him to turn the tables,
and marry you because you are a nice
girl and he needs a housekeeper? Such
a home-making is in plain terms, giv-
ing one’s self physically only, for a.
compensation. Such is the choice of
the woman of the streets, whom we
talk so much about “uplifting.” “The
Colonel’s lady and Judy O’Grady—”

Why was it a “sorry day for women
when the trades and professions were
opened to them?” And why go back
to the days of our grandfathers, when
a woman must be a home-maker?
There were happy marriages then, as
there always will be; there were as

  
 

. I! ./// I

.‘I 41'... J<.JI ”I’ll. 1! km...

#6

 

.J‘ll“ 41;"? ‘f‘fif‘tgtcfi ._

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ENJOY furnace heat without the trouble and expense of
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at a comfortable temperature even in the coldest weather. Do
away with the drudgery, dirtiness and wasted space of stoves.

Lessen your family’s likelihood of taking cold.

The Mueller

System of Pipeless Heating is thoroughly reliable and will
put solid comfort into any home, old or new, large or small.

 

 

WE

Heats the whole house from one central register without fines or pipes.
Easily installed in any cellar no matter how small; if your hOuse has no

 

cellar, just dig a pit for it.
The one thoroughly practical pipeless
furnace.
fuel. Burns coal, coke or wood. N 0 heat
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heat up cellar and spoil produce. Thou-
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cast iron.

Write today for Free Book describing the Mueller
Pipeleu and showing what it means to your home.

L. J. Mueller Furnace Co.
195 Reed St, Milwaukee, Wis.

akers of heating systems of all kinds since 1857, Can
supply you with regular hot air pipe furnaces. steam or
hot water boilers; give you honest advice on your heat-
ing requirements.

Gives you most heat from

Doesn’t

Built of
Easy to tend and clean.

 

 

MIKE!!!

1M

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it!"

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A
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IV;

in; .

 

 

Dodge high lumber prices! Save big money building this year. Aladdin Houses are be
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Aladdin Readi-Cut Houses save builders from $200 to 8800. terial

All ma

 

 

WHOLESALE
IN IO-LI LOTS
(lot. the BEST and SAVE 10 cts erpnund.
WE PAY POST, EXPRESS or ‘RElGllT
ll" \‘Iill LUVI". “HUD (‘tll-‘l-‘I‘Iiil .‘JI'YND hill l'lill'b} LIST
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En. COFFE

 

STRAWBERRY ill.§ll‘ktfll‘.'.l'ttll§

. . Plants, Ornamental Shrubs
and Gladiolus.“ e grow, sell direct, guarantee to please.
\\ rite for free illust rated Plant, Book. Address R. J.
Hiulu‘llu, the St. Joseph Nursery. Box 461. St.Joscph.Michigung

Strawberry Plants

All standardgvarieties at $1.50 to $2.50 per 1000.
EVER. BEARING at $1.50 per 100, POSTPA ll)
Asparagus at $2.50 per 1000. Grapes. raspberries, etc,
Catalogc (rec. Large stock. ry us .

THE ALLEGAN PLANT CO.

 

Allegan, Mich.

Strawberry Plants

Vuiatgo' is: "1:11 080,0“? Beigt Michiiran Stock. 100

vor W . . '
afiel- small fruits. Send today lo§3xfmm. berries and
AW Nule. “EGAN. HIGH.

 

AI '
STRAWBERRIE Ginsu:

Bokdy'o famou- Michigan plants. Only hardy well
rooted stock. All varieties—Strawberryk.Raspberry,
Blackberry, Currant etc., including the EVERBEARIN.
STRAWBERRY. Write today sure for free natal .
J. N. ROKELV. BOX .6. BRIDGMAN. MIC

Strawberry P I a n is

And other Small Fruit Plants

 

. W.
Box 368. Leslie, Mlch'

WHOLESALE PRICES

To the planter of Strawberéy and R berry plants.
Other kinds at low prices. atalogue tee.
A. WESTON & CO. BRIDGMAN. HIGH.

A.
QEW STRAWBERRIE fifilélf’fi
hable A I m

Catalog Free.

 

   
    
    

 
 

   

 

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Everboaroro and other important varieties. Address
C. N. melfifl ‘MII. Smuou. MIG"-

l m w i d To sell Curtain Rods for doorsand
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prices. J. L. BAMER. 401 W. 4th St, Delphos. Ohio.

 

 


 

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Note construction of
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SPECIAL OFFER COUPOII

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When writing to advertiser please mention
The Michigan Farmer.

rW—Ww_._4mfl_ms_uhns . ,,

  
  
   
   
  

THE MICH‘IG'A

many unhappy ones then as now, but
we heard less about them, for then a
woman must marry or be pitied and
bullied—and, once wedded, she must
remain so, or starve. You may say
that these women could comfort them-
selves with their children—but con-
sider the man! For isn’t the man of
today getting a squarer deal than his
grandfather had? If it is not quite so
easy to obtain a. wife, wouldn’t he feel
more sure of her affection—0r respect,
if you wish—if she gave up a chance
of fame and a certainty of a higher
salary than his, to be his home—maker,
than if she accepted him as a combina-
tion rent receipt and meal ticket?

Concerning the woman whose home
is built on mutual love and understand-
ing, the writer heartily agrees with
Deborah that no other life is so full of
opportunity. But so very many wom-
en, whoever they might marry, cannot
have the man of their choice, perhaps
never even meet him early in life, and
have not means to choose the next best
work, making a home for a bevy of
otherwise homeless children. You
surely don’t mean, Deborah, that, these
women should be home-makers at any
cost to conscience, honor, loyalty, self~
respect—«everything that a woman
holds sacred? Isn’t, it, better for these,
of whom there are many, to make the
best of the situation, give themselves
to useful work, and be just as happy
as those whom you deem more fortu-
nate?-—Sina MacQuarrie.

 

Dear Deb01'21li:»—l enjoy all of your
articles in the Michigan Farmer, but
feel that I must give you special
thanks for the “\Vho Said ‘VVifely Sub-
mission’ ” article in a recent number.
It doesn‘t strike me or my “good man,”
for our home is run on an equal part-
nership basis, but I see so many cring-
ing wives holding out their hands for
the. “alms’f their lord and master is
willing to dole out to them, that it

 

makes me fairly sick.

Keep the good work going and instill
into the minds of all women that if
they desire to retain their own self-
respect or the respect of husband and
children, they will have to make good
at holding up their end of the financial
game and demanding their rights.
There is a difference between com-
manding and demanding respect.

A real man will not make a mendi—

 

 

 

 

I

 

 

 

cant of his wife, he will either share
one purse with her 91' give her one of
her own. I prefer the “joint deed,”
etc., share. and share alike.

1 agree with every word you say in
this article and thank you most heart-
ily for it.—G. 8., Cherokee, Iowa.

PLANNING A CANNA BED.

 

 

BY L. H. COBB.
Carina beds are so popular and so
easy to make that every one of us
could have one in our front yard if we
like them. There is hardly a plant
that can be found that is easier to

.grow or more certain to succeed in al-

most any position. They have almost
no bad habits to annoy us, like dis-
eases they will take if given half a
chance, or insects that like to feast on
them. They go their way free from
all these troubles, and ShOW a dense
growth of tropic foliage that is very
attractive. While we appreciate them
more for the foliage than the flowers,
their flowers are hardly less showy
than the foliage.

If we are planning to have a canna
bed the first thing to do is to find but
how large a bed we can have. Being
large plants with immense foliage a
bed of them must have room or it will
make the lawii look crowded, as though
you had more flower bed than lawn.
Seven feet is a very good size for the
ordinary yard, though a. clump with
one plant in the center and six plants
around it, making a bed about four
feet in diameter will look well and
probably will be all many small yards
Would stand. In a. seven-foot bed two
rows of cannas and a row of some oth-
er plant that would form a good con-

N FARMER

trast with the foliage of the cannas.

Salvias are often used as a border
plant for beds of cannas and they are
very satisfactory. In a seven-foot bed
with a center plant of some tall grow-
ing sort, then six plants of a good
dwarf variety around, and 12 plants
of salvia around all you would have a
good combination of both foliage and
flowers. The cannas should have scar-
let flowers to harmonize with the flow-
ers of the salvia.

A bed ten feet in diameter would
hold two rows of plants around the
center plant and then have room for
a row of salvias. By planting a very
tall green foliaged plant in the center
and a row of bronze foliage plants
next, a lower variety, and then a dwarf
green variety on the outside, border-
ing all with the salvia, a mass of rich
foliage and brilliant flowers would be
combined and the result would be
splendid. In this as in the. smaller
bed I would have all the cannas have
flowers to harmonize with the scarlet
of the salvia.

The soil for cannas should be very
deep and rich and the bed arranged so
that water can be made to remain on
it, for to have the finest beds they
must have plenty of water as well as
food. I generally mulch the beds with
manure soon after the plants get to
growing well, for they soon hide it and
it: will keep washing down into the
soil where the roots can make use of
it. Cannas are tropical and love heat
and water.

(‘annzi tubers are easy to start into

growth in the house and they will
bloom earlier than those that, are
planted in the ground direct. Cannes

will not start until the ground is warm,
so it is sometimes late in the, season
before we can get a good stand when
the dry bulbs are planted, but, if they
are first planted in pots and then set
in the ground about the time you set
tomatoes they will grow off nicely and
make an even bed much sooner than
the other way.

 

OLD-FASHIONED HOME-MADE
SOAP.
MRS. E. 0. sworn.

Homemade soup is a necessity in
any home, besides this it is more pure
than what we buy and the cost is quite
reasonable in making. I will give my
recipe for making this soup and trust
it will help someone in making this
home necessity.

For each can of lye I use seven
quarts of water and five pounds of
grease. The grease, used is either
cooked or in the raw state. If used
raw it is cut up into small pieces. To
this mixture add six ounces of borax.
This recipe will make about 18 pounds
of good soap. .

I never used a tin vessel as the soap
com-odes it in cooking. A granite or
iron vessel will answer the purpose
and the vessel will not be injured in
any way. The vessel should be about
twice as large as the. amount of soap
to be made as the liquid boils up con-
siderably and will run over often if
the vessel is not of a sufficient size.

I start by putting the water into the
vessel in which the soap is to be cook-
ed, then add the lye and stir. Let it
come to a boil, then add the grease
and let boil again, stirring occasional-
ly. It will be necessary to cook the
mixture about one hour. If larger
quantities are made it will take longer
to cook. The mixture should be stir-
red occasionally but it will not require
constant stirring. Test the mixture by
letting the boiling liquid drip from the
stick or paddle. When it gets stringy
the soap is ready to come off the fire
and when cold the soap will get hard
like any laundry soap.

Pour the mixture into shallow pans
or vessels or in boxes to cool. Cheese-
cloth is nice to line the boxes as the
soap will stick to this and it can be
pulled off when the soap is hard, and
the same cloth used again. When the
soap is cold and firm, remove from the
vessel and cut into bars or squares. It

MARCH 18, 1916.
should be stored away in a dry place
where it will harden out to perfection.
Soap should not be allowed to freeze
unless it is perfectly dry then the
freezing will not injure it, to any great
extent. . ,

The cost of making one pound of
home-made soap is about three cents,
counting the grease, lye, fuel, etc., and
when cooked properly and made as it
should be made, it will not contain any
more moisture than laundry soap as
sold on the market. Laundry soap
costs about 10 cents per pound when
bought in the stores in the usual way
and one pound of home-made soap will
outlast the same quantity of laundry
soap when properly made.

On most farms there is an abund-
ance of soap-making materials that
otherwise would go to waste and these
gathered together will make a soap
almost 100 per cent efficient for all
purposes. Considering the difference
in the‘ cost of home-made soap and
that bought in the stores, even in
large quantities, it will pay anyone to
make home-made soap. We have home-
made soap always for laundry pur-
poses and I have never found any oth-
er brand to equal it for this purpose.
Our clothes are much cleaner when we
use this soup and it does not require
so much rubbing and washing. Home-
made soap will not crack the hands
during cold weather as some laundry
soaps will, and it can also be used for
toilet purposes without injury to the
skin. The real test of home-made soap
is efficiency. Try it.

 

MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.

Our latest Fashion Book, containing
illustrations of over 1,000 designs of
ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar—
ments in current fashions, also newest
embroidery designs, and articles which
give valuable hints to the home dress-
maker, will be sent to any address up-
on receipt of ten cents.

 

' l' N ‘ ‘9'.
. ,, ‘ . . : l e
7 : ,i ' r
; 9 ‘ , . s . r
\ s» , , - ~ ‘.\ , ‘.
s' . '1, ‘ ‘ , , ' ' ' . E
' 2 5 ‘2 .. I, ‘s 5
. . | ,
“-. . “ , ' ‘
.v "7.. ‘
i
> a .
I. h 2 ' I %

. No. 7682—Ladies’ Shirt Waist. Cut
Ill sizes 36, 38 and 40 inches, bust
measure. The waist may be made with
or without cape and applied box plait.

No. 7665—Boys’ Suit. Cut in sizes
4, 6 and 8 years. The suit has a small
jacket and straight trousers. Vest and
collar are of contrasting material.

N o. 7675—Ladies’ Apron. Cut in siz-
es 36, 40 and 44 inches, bust measure.
The apron closes at the back and has
a three-gored skirt.

No. 7324——-Ladies’ Skirt. Cut in siz-
es 22 to 34 inches, waist measure. The
skirt is cut in four gores and the clos-
ing line may be straight or fancy in
cut, as desired.

No. 7644—Children’s Dress. Cut in
sizes 2, 4, 6 and 8 years. The dress
has body and sleeve sections in one, an
applied yoke and closes at the back.

The above patterns can be secured
from the Michigan Farmer. Price 10
cents each.

1»

 

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER

29—405

 

  

 

 

 

MARCH 18, 1916.
Ellmllllllllllilllllllllllll‘tflilllllllllmililllllllllllllllIlllllIllllll|ilIllllmilflllmflillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllmmmiimmlmulmllillillllllilllllifllllllllfllilllflfllllfllllllllillllllllllmllllllllfla
_ li arm ommerceé 2. 5
!_‘—=_.-‘EllllllllllllIlllllllhillllllllllllllilllllllllillllllllllIlllillllllltlillilllIlltilllllllliliilllllllllllliillll[Hilllillilllll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllillllllllllllillllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllgig $ 0 0 to $4 . 00

Marketing Conference at M. A. C.

HE Thursday morning session of

the fourth annual conference of

the Michigan Country Life Asso-
ciation held at M. A. C. during Farm-
ers’ Week, was devoted to a discussion
of the marketing of farm products. In
the temporary absence of Master
Ketcham of the State Grange, the
meeting was called t6 order by Hon. A.
B. Cook, who yielded the chair to Mr.
Ketcham on his arrival.

The first number on the program
was, “What a Community can do by
Co-operation,” by Mr. C. D. Beebee,
manager of the Tecumseh Co-opera-
tive Association. This association, in
addition to acting as a marketing
agency for the farmers of the commu-
nity in disposing of live stock, grains,
etc., conducts a co-operative store
through the medium of which many of
the bulky articles needed by the mem-
bers are purchased, including machin-
ery, coal, fertilizers, etc.

Mr. Beebee stated that the interest
of the membership in the organization
was keen, there being more than two
hundred members present at the last
annual meeting. He also stated that
one of the principal early troubles en-
countered by the manager of the or-
ganization was in making the members
fully understand that they really own
the business instead of being simply
patrons of it. As with other organiza-
tions of the kind, some dissension has
been expressed among the member-
ship, but this has been a minor diffi-
culty due to a provision at the organi-
zation of the association, whereby dis-
satisfied members could be eliminated.

Attitude of Business Men.

Early in the experience of the organ-
ization there was considerable Opposi-
tion to this work from the business
men of the town. A marked change
has been noted in this respect, and at
the present time the business men of
the town are interested in the success
of the organization, because they real-
ize that it is bringing more business
to the town than would otherwise come
to it. The business men are not alone
in this interest, inquiries having come
from business men from towns in sur-
rounding territories as to how they
could promote the organization of sim-
ilar institutions in their towns.

Mr. Beebee was, however, emphatic
in the opinion that it was essential to
the success of an organization of this
kind to have the movement started by
the farmers themselves instead of sim-
ply as a means of boosting the locality
from a business standpoint. Mutual
confidence was emphasized as the es-
sential foundation for success in the
conduct of co—operative business,
and the speaker expressed great satis«
faction in the confidence which the
members of this association have not
only in each other but apparently in
the management as well.

One of the problems which this as-
sociation is working out at the present
time is a more advantageous plan of
marketing the milk produced by its
members. Up to the present time
cream only has been handled, but it is
planned to work out a plan by which
the milk produced by the members can
be marketed at a better price than can
now be obtained. The association did
a business aggregating $106,000 during
its first year, the latter months of
which showed a considerable gain over
the earlier months in the year. A div-
idend of six per cent was paid on the
stock, and the balance of the earnings
was distributed among the patrons on
the basis of the business transacted
through the association.

. . Among the minor difficulties encoun-
tered has been the preference shown
by members for certain lines of agricul-

tural machinery which were not regu-
larly carried in stock, and for the ob-
taining of which special arrangements
had to be made. Owing to the unfav-
orable season and the poor quality of
much of the grain marketed, the ques-
tion of quality was sometimes an an-
noying one, and one upon which some
education of the patrons was neces-
sary. The unfavorable attitude of com-
petitors was a handicap at the begin-
ning, but has now become a minor fac-
tor. The general beneficial effect up-
on the community was strongly com-
mented upon by the speaker, who
dwelt upon this phase of the organiza-
tion in greater detail than is possible
in a report of this kind.
Michigan Markets for Michigan
Farmers.

This was the subject of an address
by Mr. Louis 1". Haight, of: Muskegon,
who proposed a scheme illustrated on
a chart prepared for the purpose by
which the bulk of the farm produce of
the state could be. distributed through
a federation of local markets with
three sectional markets located in the
western and northern sections of the
state for the purpose of collecting in-
formation with regard to the produce
which will be available in certain mar-
kets at given times. This information
would enable the officials of the divis-
ional markets to direct purchasers to

 

local markets where large quantities‘
of any given product would be avail-j

able.

In this way the speaker believw

ed that the agricultural resources of;

the state could be advertised much
more cheaply and effectually, and dis-
tribution directed more economically
than could be accomplished by any
other means. He emphasized the point
that the farmer is essentially a pro.
ducer rather than a salesman, and that
for best results an expert salesman
must be employed to market the pro-
ducts of the farms to best advantage,
which he believed would be accom-
plished by the plans submitted.

Brief comment was made by the
speaker on the new market which is
being promoted in Muskegon, which
was given as a typical example of lo—
cal markets which in time should be
so plentiful that no farmer would be
more than ten miles from a market of
this character.

Bean Marketing.

“The Present Status of Bean Mar-
keting," was the subject of a talk by
Hon. James N. McBride, State Market
Director. Mr. McBride, after comment-
ing on the fact that the bean crop gave
a'larger return to the farmers produc-
ing it than the per acre return secured
from the high priced lands of the grain
belt, described the work which had
been done in the standardization and
distribution of the crop by the organ-
ized bean jobbers of the state. He then
spoke of the organization of bean grow-
ers which was affected last year, and
the fact that accurate government sta-
tistics had been made available on the
bean crop as a result of the work of
the organization.

The minimum price fixed by the ac-
tion of the organization, and its influ-
ence on the market was also dwelt up-
on at some length in proof of the fact
that while every effort was made by
speculators to hold the market down
in order to fill short sale orders at a
profit, those efforts had been unsuc-
cessful.
Mr. McBride referred to the fact that
while beans sold in Michigan for $3.00

and above, Idaho beans of better qual- '

ity were bringing the growers but $2.50
per bushel. The possibility of increas-
ing the consumption of beans by a ju-
dicious advertising campaign, and by
(Continued on page 409).

 

As a proof of this influence .

 

 

 

Rouge Rex Shoes

and a big dollar's worth for every dollar spent

\X/HATEVER the price is you pay

for your shoes you are entitled to expect a
dollar’s worth of service for every dollar you spend.
The man who works cannot afford to spend
money just for the fun of spending it.

Rouge Rex Shoes are made . for the man who
works, in everything from the material to the price.

The materials are the best.

Rouge Rex tanned leather in them.

Only Rouge Rex shoes have

The lasts are full and

roomy—the man who works on his feet must have room

in his shoes for his feet.

dollar’s worth of long, satisfactory service.
prices asked for Rouge Rex shoes a
shoe cannot be made of anywhere

near the same quality.

Rouge Rex No. 485 is a shoe

for the man who works to wear in the
It’s made for him and for

Spring.
the season.

Hirth - Krause Company

Hide-to-Shoe Tanners and Shoe Manufacturer-

18-3 lonia Avenue, S. W.
Grand Rapids

 

 

 

Michigan

The prices are based on a full

Below the

   
  
  
   
  

 

“"‘“\

  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  

 
 
  
  
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
   
 
     
   
   

Every Rawleigh
Engine is tested on
brake to pull 15%

MORE than its rated
horse power continuously
before it leaves thefactory.

’ You can set up. start and
run the Rawleigh without
assistance. You CANNOT
buy a better engine at ANY
price. 1
TERMS: Cash; 60 day bank 4 /2
. .- deposit; a
whole year to
pay, if you
wish.

Write for new

. CATALOG.

. " RAWLEIGH

. 1 Manufacturing Co.
w. T. RAWLEIGN

President Rawlelgh 1‘3 1“,” Ave.

Manufacturinz Co. Freeport, Ill.

    

1%. HP $25.70
2% HP $38.90

H P s 69 .90
7HP $96.85; 9llP $139.65

Complete f.o.b. Freewrt. Ill.

CASH or 60-DAY
BANK DEPOSIT

' 60 DAYS' FREE TRIAL

’ ABSOLUTE SATISFACTION
GUARANTEED 93 119 1316

Use gasoline, kerosene, distillate or as.
4-cycle. Make and break ignition. on-
tact points can be cleaned while
running. Cylinder and frame
cast separate. Perfect deSign.
Built complete in our factory.
Buy DIRECT hon)
MANUFACTURER at
lower prices

you would pay

”29# eslewhere.

’

  

 

 

 

       
    
 
    
          
      

GENUINE

Mr. Edison First Gave Electric light to the

cities—now he has made it possible for

everyone everywhere to enjoy this
comfort by using the

fl... :‘a at;

MARK

ELECTRIC LIGHT
PLANT

 

     

 

   
  
   
    
  
 

   

V.- » . -.
._———....

   

ELECTRIC LIGHT

 

walnut

ii, I,

    
  

"/4'e~ 3/; z» "

MOTE HOME CAN HAVE

;"/‘::<' ~—

THE MCsT RE
E DISC Ni

Be sure you get the Genuine
EDISON PLANT

Accept only the Edison non-acid
Storage Battery. No other is the
Genuine Edison, no mati: at what you
are told. Write for catalogX .
unison srouc: unmv co.

1’37 Ian-sad. Av... orange. :4. J.
_ ' 205 Michigan Ave” Chime. In.

   

'12“; .342’.“4'r:¥ I
J"! "' ""9" ‘3‘
ma W 2352:.
_ Edison Senna. lab” 00.

237 Latest“ Av... cum. I. 3. Bend Camx Q

My Name ............................... u.

My Address ..............................

- -~-. ._e.-i..~.__§%‘
. . .. Name A.-

 


 

THE MICHIGA

N FARMER "

 

'MARCH 18, 1916.

 

  

' cold cor-
ners. You
save oil
and get
BIGGEST
hatches

Prepald

X-RAY Incubators

are heated from central heating

plant squarely underneath. No
cold corners or sides, no "cooked ”
eggs. Note the big oil tank—re-
quires only one filling—one gallon
-for the entire hatch.

Get Our Factory-Direct Price
and Big Free Book No. 29

Get all the facts about X—Ray construction
and X-Ray hatching record. Learn all about
X~Ray automatic trip that keeps the heatjust
right; the X—Ray generator that suppliesthe
moisture of mother hen, producing healthier chicks;
the X-Ray duplex heatcrlhnt (‘lll‘l'lCS mild, even heat
to every corner. Get X-ltay facts in big free book.

Express prepaid to practically all points.

  
   
  

    

l Brooders, Too

are heated from a ccntralhcating plant. Sani-
tary, healthy, rat-proof. Gives chicks best start.

X-RAY INCUBATOR C0.. Dept. 29. Des MoinesJa.

 

 

N order to secure a good hatch, it
is of the utmost importance that
the eggs be given proper care, both

before and after being placed for
hatching. If hens are'used, the eggs
need less attention, directly, than with
incubators, but the care of the hens
is, in one sense, the care of the eggs.
For if a hen is neglected, she‘cannot
do her work well.

Fresh eggs nearly always give the
best results; but if shipped eggs are
properly packed and carefully-handled,
they stand a much better chance for

 

 

 

 

 

Capture 0
Egg Market,

J. B. Mormon writes in American
Poultry Journal: “Danish farm-
ers became keenly alive to the fact that
when {owls were intelligently bred and
well ed they laid larger eggs, and so captured
the ndon egg trade.” You can capture your
egg market by feeding Red CombMeat Mash,the
great egg maker for chickens, ducks or turkeys.

It Costs
- You Less

0 feed Red ('olllb -
then to buy the ma-
terinls and mix them
yourself. Sell your
grain. Buy Radf‘umh.
Pen of S. U. White
Leghorn pullots fol
on Red Cnml) :u'or-
aged 28 eggs a piece
in one month.
A~k your dealer.
Write for free book,
"Funding Poultry for
Profit," written by
six exports.
Edwards & loomls
344-6 N. Elizabeth SI.
Chicago, Ill.
llfro. of Famoul Line of
Red Barn Dairy Foods

  
  

immm$
\

 

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WRmNfl-‘X‘ 1s \.-\.\\:::c\\\\~:\\‘.\1‘~\~::v

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hatching than if they are carelessly
packed and otherwise damaged; or,
one might say, mistreated.

Beginners will oftentimes get so ex-
cited, when cggs are being unpacked,
that they will actually ruin the entire
lot. They do not even hesitate to give '
each egg a vigorous shake, “just to
tsee if they will rattle.”

Now, as a matter of fact, a perfectly
good egg will sometimes “rattle” a lit~ ‘
tle, after being closely packed and
shipped some distance, probably be-
cause the air has been excluded. But
eggs should not be tested by shaking.
It is too costly. Fe learned this by
experience years ago.

When eggs arc rcceived from the ex-
press office, we do not think it is nec-
essary, as we oncc did, to let them
“rest” over night. The better plan is
We find, to unpack, carefully and pre-
pare for the hatching at once. But if
they must be kept, for some time they
should be turned every day to prevent
settling of the yolks to one side. li‘rcsh
eggs, of course, are always best. for
hatching. Where the word “fresh” is
used, we mean new—laid. But. it is not
always possible to set the eggs the
same day [boy are laid. \'\'c have kept
turkey and goose eggs for 21 days and
secured good hatches. Duck eggs
should not be kept, chr a week for the
best results. ch ggs will keep per-
fectly for two weeks in cool weather,
counting from the time they were laid.
It is not advisable to have any kind of
eggs shipped very far in warm weath-
er, but duck eggs are more liable to be
injured than any other kind. A duck
egg, it appears, is more dclicatcly con-
structed than other eggs and after be-
ing' shipped a few hundred miles in

 

 

‘_ warm weather, is of little or no value

for use in incubation.

 

 
      
 
     
       
 
 
 
   
   

. When eggs must be kept a while,
before being placed for hatching, they
should be kept in a cool place; but
never in a damp cellar. A cool room,
that is, where the temperature never
goes above 60 degrees F., nor below
45, is best. But if the eggs are secure-
ly wrapped and then placed in boxes,
one layer deep, they are easily turned,
and a few degrees of temperature eith-
er way, does not matter much. The
wrappers should always be of stout
paper. This helps to overcome slight
difficulties in providing an even tem-
perature.

\Ve have heard a great deal about
washing eggs, intended for hatching.
Some people will say: “Never wash
an egg, no matter how badly it may be
soiled.” While we prefer to use eggs
that require no washing, we know by
experience that a properly washed egg
stands a much better chance for hatch-
ing than one that is badly soiled. This
holds good with all kinds of cggs, but
is particularly true of duck and goose
eggs. These fowls always lay their
eggs on the ground or on the floor of
their roosting quarters and often
amuse themselves by rolling them
around until they are fairly plastered.
Therefore, it is next to impossible to
keep the eggs clean, especially in wet
weather when they are laid on the
ground. In washing eggs always use
clear, tepid water. Never use any kind
of soap or alkali.

Good Hatches from Shipped Eggs.

lt’ it is ncccssary to have cggs ship-
pcd, it is always best to deal with
someone as near home as possible.
However, we know it is not unusual to
gct good hatches from shipped eggs.
We have, in nearly every case, got ex-
cellent hatches; we might say, in ev-
ery case where we exercised a little
judgment and common sense. One
setting, we spoiled while unpacking.
Another was ruined by being shipped
nearly a thousand miles in very warm
weather. The latter were duck eggs.

As to the care of the setters, we be-
lieve that \‘cry few amateur poultry
raiscrs take proper care of them. This
is a common cause of poor hatches.
Setting hens must have good care if
they are expected to bring off good
hatches.

It is best to have the setters in a

 

 

     

 

 

Poultry Profits Sure
when you use the modern coal~burning. self-
feeding. self-regulating, trouble-proof

Newtown Giant Colony Brooder

It raises ”the most chicks. the best chicks.
with least labor and at lowest cost." The first
successful breeder of the colony type. and
years ahead of all imitations.

Your dea In ran :1: pp ly it. 1/ neressary we
will xlzr'p dirm‘l. [lei/Mu!
catalog mar/mi FREE.

Newtown Giant
Incubator Corp’n
90 Warsaw Street

Harrisonburg

   
  

 

 

 

 

, AMERICAN POULTRY JOURNAL
l Tells everything about the fascinatc
ingand profitable poultry industry.
luuedmonthly; 10 cents. We want
you to know how good it is and will
~ send it 6 month: for 25;. Order now.
A. P. 34887-54! S. Deorbornflhlcogodll.

 

 

Sprouted Oats Makes One of the Most

 

 
 

   

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. my “ _ ‘\-~'» 1’ N,

, ' . fl ,‘5 a“ .3
stack,

. .‘r'
\ -'
‘

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l

 

 

Economical and Efficient Green Foods

for Winter Poultry Feeding.

The Care Of Eggs for Hatching

house by themselves. The nests and
nest-boxes must be clean and free of
vermin. Hens find it hard to stay _with
their eggs, when they are being con-
stantly tortured with lice or mites.
They sometimes do, however, and die
on their nests. Tobacco dust or some
good louse killer should be used in the
boxes and nest material, even if there
are no vermin to be found. Keeping
the hens free of these pests is the
first step towards protecting chicks.

Don’t place the nest-boxes where the
hens will have to jump down upon the
eggs. Shallow boxes are best. Never
make a deep nest. The nearer flat it
is the better. A deep nest means brok~
en eggs. We like dry ’grass or fine
hay for nests better than straw or ex-
celsior. Don’t put covers on the nests.
If you force a hen to "stay put” the
chances are you will have more brok-
en eggs than chicks.

Moving the Setting Hen.

Sometimes it is necessary to move
a hen from one location to another. In
fact, this is always the case where the
sellers have a house to themselves. Be
sure that the hen will set. Then ar-
range the new nest, put in the eggs
and place in the exact spot formerly
occupied by the old nest. Let the hen
go onto the nest, of her own accord.
Vx'hen evening comes, lift the box,
curcl'ully—cggs, nest and hen—41nd
carry to the place where they arc to
remain. A low bench is a good place
for the nest boxes. 11' a hen is com-
l‘ortziblc, she will usually stay with the
cggs.

llc careful that no cold drafts strike
thc hens. in hot weather, be equally
careful that, they are not forced to sit
in the sunshine.

Eggs should always be tested, no
matter whether they are in incubators
or under hens. All kinds of eggs are
easily tested with the exception of
guinea eggs and thick-shelled hen-eggs.
They may be tested in the usual way,
or if one has no egg tested, it can be
done equally as well by simply hold-
ing each egg close to a small opening
in the side of a building, where the
bright. sunshine enters. It. requires
some patience to become skillful in
this work, but almost anyone can learn
in time, to distinguish between a fer-
tile egg and an infertile one. Begin
when the cggs have been set about a.
week. Then, if you cannot tell which
are the infertile ones, put all eggs back
and test again at the end of two weeks.

Testing Eggs.

Those who have had some experi-
encc find it easy to pick out the clear
eggs at the end of the first week. The
clear eggs are the infertile ones. Those
that look darker are usually fertile. A
fertile egg shows a light spot at, the
large end, as a rule. This clear space
is the “air cell," and it is seldom vis-
iblc in eggs which are not fertile. It
is it good plan to do this work when
lhc hens are off their nests. Thick-
shelled eggs had better bc left alone.

(loose and turkey eggs are easily
tested when they have been set two
Weeks. If one is in doubt about the
eggs, then, of course, none should be
thrown away.

Duck eggs, as a rule, are very easy
to test, because they have thin shells.
But. they are unlike any other eggs, in
some respects. At a certain stage of
incubation, a duck egg presents a. rath~
er strange appearance, especially to
one who is unfamiliar with such mat-
ters. If the shells appear to be about
half empty, don’t get excited. That is
the way they should be. If they are
very clear at one end and very dark
at the other, rest assured that they
contain ducklings. It is during the lat-
ter part of the hatching period, how-
ever, that duck eggs appear as above
described. Don’t leave any kind of
eggs out of the nest or incubator very
long, or they may get chilled.

L Ohio. AXNA W. GALLIonicu.

 

 

. “em...“ 4.... ..


. “cm...“ 4.... ..

 

 

, mm 18219161

Ferris White Leghorn:
For Eggs

rrisnghorns are the result at 16 eors’
breeding 8.0. W111 bite Lechorns exc vely.
Every your we have learned to breed them
They have a reputation for quality
wherever Leghorns are bred. Size. health.
vigor and egg production are 11 en extra
close attention. Shape color an all points
that make first class show birds are strongly
established. They are winning regularly for
our customers an ourselves at man the
largest shops. All the birds in our reedi
pens are upto standard weight—we do no
breed from undersized ones. They have
health and r bred in the bone-1ve kill
all weak and kly birds and breed only from
the strongest. Egg production is Improved
by the trapnest-our best breeding birds are
tn nested. All stock is raised on free range,
tevery care to produce perfect develop-

 

mEGGS CEICKS. BREEDING STOCK and 8-
week-old pullets from hens with recordsu to 264
matings composed Mbirds

$01101 util 1t er 9M"
“12°. mops. 88: 1111195811?) 3. ' pgioéofiifig
perm

cm» Much. m"35.00""0 for $31.) :18. how 119‘: 1&3" '
perm.

11. 34.25
mm- Iggy,'83.50£oor25.' 312100995}

1000.
”WI-gum 1111 Iran sgemrréo mo 1“ponies from
c 1800
It“ "If magnt the best 133011” to be 1:3: or

y.enr
chicks or e mthese are 82.75
reettl .885?” 00 m3“ 100 in “arch: ”#28215 set-
n hApril. Chicks $9.25”: tor 5
85. in .(X)! or 830.1!) per 1(1)
in April 86 ’75 for 215’? 8&1!) r 100 11 May .
Eggs, ertility guarantee; chicks live arrival
edina stock shipped on 3&prov n1.
hens from $1.66 upl pallets 00 up
“In Pens of 12 one and doockerel
from 522.501: gpecinl prices in hundred lots.
Eight-week- -old pullcts after May let—Write for

pW' E RAISE THOUSANDS of White Leghorns
e1ery year and can promptly orders of any
size. We haves fiplied foundation sto<k to
thousands.“ succusiul ulpou ltryflarms in the past
16 6y.eors You will lind testimonials from all parts
of the country in the free catalo whiv 11 no 11111
be glad to send you. The White eghorn is the
most profitable breedT or A1355.

82 PAGE FEE tells the whole story
-—corn lete desorEiption of plant and how we do no-
loped' dying qualities, views of farm and stock
descriptionsof theb i1 we have to so 11 pricesand
all the information you will want 111 i‘me buying.
11' you need stock, eggs or chicks 111' 1-1 ti us. We W) 1
be glad to quote prices and give 2111 possible infor~

motion.
GEORGE B. FERRIS
Ferris Leghorn Farm
934 No. Union Crud Rapids, Mich.

Big Cash Profits

EVery WOCR on Chlckt. Wrrtc me for details
allowingr how beginners with Belle Cigh outfits
fiche $10 to $25 a week on day—o] c hicks.

(I)

 

 

 

 

t the facts! Any man. woman, boy or girl
dofihyfoflowlumphnondminzmy

   
     

 
 

 

Be Clotq
Incubators and Brooders

“In 25 World's Greatest Matcher
Belle City Won With Perfect Hatches”
402,000 in use. ) Get the whole
wonderful story told by the champion-

Ship Winners themselves in my biE

Free Book, “Hatching Facts"
On Practical Poulm Roman

With book comes full description and illus-

tration of my incubator and brooder in actual

colors—the kind used by U. S. Government

and leading Agricultural Colleges-
Ily Ten-Year Money-Back Guaranty

Minis-s av. _~_'~_____.!r' _

My Low Price-
Some 3 Lost Year
All facts, proofmp
hrs—100 photofiphs of
prize-winning
Also my $1300.00

‘va (1’ at y. 7
mmmw {paid one ‘
Belle City user $156. 25: .
another ”many from _»

own. temetoday. Junflohen. Pres.
loll. Clty Incubator Cm, 30x14 . Racine. WI“

No More White Diarrhoea

Mrs. Claude Kane of Cataract, Wis,
no longer worries about losing her lit-
tle chicks from White Diarrhoea. She
is only one of several thousand who
last year learned of a. simple method of
preventing this disease. Mrs. Kane
gives her experience below:

“We have been raising chickens for
the last seven or eight years and have
tried to find something that would stop
the White Diarrhoea. Have tried ev-
erything we heard or read about but
never found anything that did the work
until we sent for Chictone. Our first
hatching last spring was 97 chicks.
They began to die and when we got
the remedy we had only 68 left. We
lost no more after we began to use it.
We never lost one out of our second
hatch of 94. Chictone is one of the
greatest discoveries ever made for the
benefit of chicken raisers.” Mrs. Claude
Kane, Cataract, Wis.

Chlctone ets results! Resolve TODAY that you
save UR chicks from White DI
Chictono Is guaranteed to me 9.
lots of substitutes. but then' s on! “comatose.
Chictono Is not I ("3013011. Soldiu boxes. Delay
condo-two er todaytro

IllE llfillI 60.. Deni. 2513. lineal. Iowa

When Writing to advertiser please mention
The Michigan Farmer.

 

 

 

 

 

 

l

.9...

 

Good egg producers have triangular
shaped bodies in the forni of a wedge,
the back being one side of the triangle,
the breast another and the third side
being the distance from the pelvic
bones to the back point of the breast
or keel bone. Whether the shape of a.
hen’s body influences egg production
or egg production influences her shape,
or both, may be hard to say, yet all
prolific egg producers have the above
described shape.

It matters little whether shape in-
fluences egg production or egg produc-
tion influences shape, for the fact re-

‘mains that the hens which are produC-

ing large numbers of eggs all conform
to the rule which advanced poultry
breeders are following. This is what
we have come to call the “wedge-shap-
ed hen,” and those who make, a study
of the rules of this shape, will be able
to judge young pullets and their possi-
ble future ability to produce eggs.

Shape assists, therefore, in selecting
the best producers, and when this is
assisted by about thirty days of trap~
nesting, a good basis for selecting for
breeding purposes has been formed.
Much can be told of a hen’s value as
an egg producer by the rhythm of egg
production. The number of eggs pro-
duced by a hen without missing a. day
is known as a cycle. The cycle tells
us in number of eggs produced wheth-
er the egg organs have the ability to
produce eggs rapidly, and frequently
with which these cycles are repeated
tells whether the hen has a. constitu-
tion which will stand under the strain
of heavy egg production. 111 other
words, the number of eggs per cycle
tells us the hen’s breeding and the re-
peating cycles tells us of her consti-
tution.

11' a. hen lays four or more eggs to a.
cycle and repeats the cycles with only
one or two days 111isscd, she is a good
hen. If a. hen lays three or less eggs
to the cycle and misses two or more
days between cycles, she has little val-
ue as a producer of eggs.

But the hen which produces 20 or 30
eggs in one cycle, then misses 10 to 15
days, should be classed with the hen
which lays regularly but lays but one
or two eggs to the cycle. The first
has well-develOped egg organs but has
a weak constitution, while the second
has a strong constitution but weak egg
organs.

This method is of great value in
breeding where the hens are trap-nest-
ed for two or three months during the
breeding season, or if a hen has been
trap-nested during the breeding sea-
son and get killed, the rhythm of egg
production would give a good idea. of
the value of the offspring.

New York. E. W. GAGE.

BRAN FOR POULTRY.

 

Growing chicks and laying hens re-
quire foods containing phosphates, the
mineral elements that enter largely
into the formation of bone and egg—
shell. Bl'an is especially rich in these
mineral elements and should be fed
regularly to chicks of all ages, as well
as to laying hens. Bran contains a
higher percentage of protein than the
other by—products of the flouring mills,
and when fed daily, it, in a. measure,
at least, will counterbalance the ex-
cess of carbohydrates found in most
grains. Contrary to the general im-
pression, light, flaky bran is much bet-
ter for poultry feeding than the kind
that is finely ground, and mixed with
middlings or low-grade flour.

Indiana. T. Z. RICHEY.

 

Satisfactory Resluts.
J. A. Barnum, Union City, Mich,
breeder of Barred Plymouth Rocks,
Writes: “The Michigan Farmer b1 ings
me more returns than any other publi-
cation I advertise in. "

 

See Club list on
page 4l3

 

 

if T 111-151“ M1 0911 :1 G. like F111 R‘M ER

, SHAPE OF HEN AND PRODUCTION.

TPADI ”ARK

31—407 '

Why take chances with untried machines when for only $10 we guarantee to
deliver safely. all freight charges paid (East of Rockies), BOTH of those his prize winning

machines fully equipped, set up ready for use?

Both

Why not ownan IRO -tbo incubator
that has for two years in succession won the
nested hatching canteen

ast contest conducted by Missouri Valfig
Farmer and Nebraska Farm dinJoumaLm 2
Machines were entered includin grprac

every make style and price. 1th “II-egg
Ironclad —-tho same machine we ofier
Broader freight paid, for only 10, Mrs. C. F.
Merrick, Lockney. Texas, hatc ed 148:

from 148 eggs in the last contest.

 

 

30 Days Free Trial

Money Back if not Satisfied

for

$10

ed like some do to cover u
oer qualitysm of moteri
oncladsar shi'pped In the Natural E
color-you can see exactly what
aregettin. Don’t classthisbig. a
Cove
Btmct
you know what it is made of.
triple walls. asbestos lining, galvanized iron
extra deep chick nursergoo -hot water top heat,
Thermometer. glass; 1 001' set 11

Catalog.
IROIICLADm mou-

ometal

com lets ready
or it TODAY or order direct from this advertisement.

”TOR COMPANY 801117

 

freight Paid
as? of Rock's“ ’.

pendablc hatchet with cheaply con- '
machines—and don’ I: buy anyincubator until '
N ote these Ironclad specifications: Genuinel California Redwood.

Eggeézinglfigvanizedua imnslefisre lar e eg tray.

1' use and many other specxal advance”

 

 

Machines :5

     
   
     
  
    
      
 
  

Eifilh‘llnlu

  

I'I‘hink of it! These
It w 0 «mm L! ,
I Wisconsin M a -

chines—m in [in

In“ Butts 11.1....111. “a" "
to. both for only 1

$10 Rfreight paid east
.0! Reduce Guaran-

teed years end
I sold onto om Imi—

MONEY BACK Lg
IF NOT srmsnsp iii.

'WIsconsms are made of genuine Califomial
edwood. Incubators have double walls.‘
[double glass doors, copper tanks, self- regulat-
Ing. Shipped complete with thermometers. egg '
ltoster, 13mg, ct?” readytoi'srlré. 31:3?! muslin-r
01'0“? new on 0
'ing 1m“ outfit. A postal brings it b? figfimfi'
I8 80-833 Incubator and Brood or, both only“:
lwnscousm mcuanrou cOMPAIY
I - - Box 10¢; Racine. Wis. - - l

  

Try It 30 Days F" .25

‘ YoucnntrytboUnitoIpc nor-80 don—

, _ mmdo own-nod eposiL urpoicstorhoth
EGO INCUIA‘I’OR

. ‘35 CHICKBIOODEII Both $9”
’_‘ Both covered.w1th gnlvenized Iron. Incu-
rooder Riot All" Tyco-
ormometvver, everything” outlet-o‘er,
nap-y. ohuhoon I70(1)
. Till UNITED PICTORIIS sank"
41. Poet-doc W 0th

Tells .why chicks'die

EJ. Reefer,the poultry expert. 4383 Reefer Bldg.

Kansas City, Mo., is lgiving awa free a valuable
book entitle “White iarrhoea on How to Cure it ”
This book contains scientific facts on white diarrhoea
and tollsgmw to prepare a simple home solution that cure. this
terrible recluse over night tend actually raises 98 per cent of
e1 cry hatchm All poultry haircare should certainlyw new. Rector
for one 01mm ovum-bl LEON kl.

 
           
       
   

  

   

 

POULTRY.

BARRED’PLYMOUTH' ROCK FGGS from full blood
stock, 31.50 per 13 Have won at leading shows for
RN UM Union City. Michigan.

YIN] “"5 11‘“)me BABY CIIICKS.

We give you norm? quality for \our money in both
chicks and hatching eggs from a standard- bred strain
of 111ntor-ldycrs W inncrs out Kalamazoo, Battle Creek
and Jackson. 8.0 111.1. ——Bred for business and
(81 ml for r128 list.) Babcock & Son,
30:180. attic Creek. Michigan.

 

years. J. LB

 

for be 'llll).
.No. 5.

 

In our own Bred ’l‘o-Lnyh Hln let Bar-
iahl Chick!“ red Rooks $10116» 1008.0.11111111 horns

$10 per 100111111 8. QB iYO rpingtons $12 per 100. at( h-
Eggs carefully par-skid 34 For further
in ormutiou \1 ritr for our (‘lii( k Folder. RUSSELL

POULTRY RANCH. PETER IBUBG. MICE.

 

BABY CHICKS FROM STANDARD BRED S. C
\V 1111c and Brown Leghorns. bred to lay large white
eggs. $11.00 prr 100; $85 00 or 1000. Safe arrival
1:1 Iiruntccd. ( utulog (rec. W0 verine Hatchery. Box
2221, chlund Mich

 

BABY cmcxs- 8- ('- W- L.........

O (Illl\ —I1<1111 hctlI-I It

uuy pricc— 810 per 100. Hatching eggs 81 50 p1 1 100,

guur'untuul ilv 'livcn' .1111! l'ortilitv.1{uhli urckly:
BUCK EYE HA1CHERY,lonia Mich.

 

Choice Barred Cookercls

MICHELSON strain $1.50 each until sold.

llllICRES'I‘ FARM - Kalamazoo, Mich.

' The noted prize strain. Gm
"MEI“ Ba'nd ”00k: Breeding 0m kcrels for sale “3”?)
iece, lvvo forS"). Also selected pens for breeding.
P aimiew Stock and Dairy Farm, Borneo, Mich.

 

BIG Benn! iful Hen 111111 hed Barred P1\ mouth Rocks
sold on approval $2 toyiczuh. (4 females and male
mlgood h1ye1s. Circulm sud photos. John Northou ,ClsreJlich.

0

60113111: llorlllcm Kin Slain E3233? $203"
many prizes. Some nice ckerels and Pallets for sale.
Write for pricwes David W. Cousins. Northport, Mich.

 

Kile-gm 11 year 31. 50 per 1 ellv cred Ii} Parcel
t Fred Astling. Constantino. Mich .

lAllIIlI) MICK EGGS 339.31“? 3215:2533?
W. C. Ooll‘mun. 3.3. Benton or r. Mich.
EFF LEGHORNSr-Oookemls

pens anything 1: wish in But!
laying st'nin.Dr .W

BARR ED Rec. ks Parks 210 Pflstreind with records to
pee

 

lists bone or
eghorns. Great
IIIIsIn Smith. Petersburg.Mich.

Silver, dWhite and
thick: llIal [in $15 per 100.11....” wm.
dottes. White Le horn Chicks $12 per 1 , Pekin
and Rouen Duckl lniz ngs 5 cents each ALDHAM
POULTRY FARM. R. No. 37. Phoenlxvlllo. Pa.

c H l c K s 8.0. W. Leghorns 8c'eech.
, Barred Rock s 10c each

JOB. NEUMAN, Prop., Eureka Farm, Dorr, Mkh.
CHICKS We ship thousands each season Ten
9 varieties Anc'onasill a bun drcd. free

booklet. Froeporr Hatchery. Box 12 HFl'eeport Mich.

 

 

 

sfor hatching—From Euro bred W'hite Plymouth
sKock s. Pekin and W' ite runnner ducks. White
Arioan guineas. H. V. Hostetler. R. 1, St. Johns, Mich.

EGGS-
I‘. KAY ER
EGGS for Hatching Park's 200-egg strain barred

Plymouth Rock 3. l.)-$l.50; 25-82. 50; 30-33.
50—3400 J. E.Grinin1,(:onklin.Mlch

 

S. (‘ W. Leghorn. good as ofl‘ercd. 15
eggs $1. 00, 30 eggs $1. 75. Catalog in e.
, Jr.. Merrill. Mich.

 

 

£86: for hatching from pure brt d W 11111 l’l1 1111111111
Roe ks and b. (‘ liull' Leghorns 1111 fr“ range.
Kletzlen & Webster Ba t,h Mich.

Eggs from pure bred 8. I). W. logo ms 51: each

J. Melvin Reid, Glenwood Farm, arren. Mich.
9 a few choice Cookers-ls
FDWICI' S BI!“ ROCKS tron prim winning

stock 7to9 lbs. accordin to age 32 to Eggs $1.510for
113. {1.8.}? 0W LE ll artford. Michigan.

Buff Rock E

MASON F. It I‘IYNO

 

 

s—from been “infer
slayingstrain, Sllflhor
S. Mason, Michigan.

(.‘ W hite

Leghm 114 1411 ii; 1110111 1' makers. Strong vigorous free-
rungo stoi- k. Baby ( Illi ks $8p8r1l1) and up. Satisfaction
guaranteed. Free catnlrgue. W. Van Applodom, Hull .11111 Mich.

[Euflonus—White, limwn, Buff, Blzuk. Also [(01 ks,
“(I «is, Am- nuns l’vkin D111 ks eggs baby
ohi<ks.P1ri(es reasonable. Ii r1 ular fret. 81111111 [nook
Poultn'll‘arms, llillsdale, Mirh. Chas. G Burroughs,
31‘. formerly Furenmu I'niversity of Wis" Poultn [11 pt.

Mammoth Bronze Turkeys 31111?§.-“'1’.§Ki"‘..Asifill
each.

COLLAR BROS” Conklin Mich.v ll. I\'o. 2.

Beautiful fowls. vigorous, quick ma,-
Parlrldgl BocRS'turing. Pullcls lay at 1111* to six
months. Cockcrcls weigh 7lbs. at sunk age. Eg gus new
read _] .31. 50 asettlng. Paul Ward, Hillsdnlc, Mich.

. . Stwrong vl orous birds
Pills crni While 0min Ion: best of eggstrnln. urge
alter Fob. lst., baby ch cks 11110.1 MRS, W11 1 IS
ROUGH. Pine Crest. Farm, Royal Oak, Michigan,

RHODB ISLAND REDS and PLYMOUTH ROCKS.
Moles 5 to 121113. according to 3.3082 1.0135: P. Rhone
weight 5 to 10 lbs“ eggs 1.6 for $100- ;

Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. 8 to 3311.139 according
to age '6 to 825, 10 can 83. A. E. Cruntou. Vuur. Mich.

ll. l, llods. Bolt tombs. Mosl Popular $12,138.12

Eggs for hatching, Baby Chicks. erte tor catalog
INTERLAKES FA RM. Box 39. Lawrence. Michigan'

and S. C. R. 1. Red Cockgrels. eggs and baby chicks.
. W. Enideu (landers.8 . Ducks. Fine 5 t.ock
Prices reasonable. 0. E Howley, Ludlngton. Mich.

 

I.“ PRCVF‘ 1' our poultrv. My Young' 5 strains

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

llose Comb Brown lsgholrn 81 wMammollI Pokin Duck

Eggs $1 per setting. $5 ger- China Geese 5cm“.
each. LAUD IA ETTS.w Hilisdale. Mich

ROSE AND SINGLE COMB Rhode Island Redo
Eggs, per 15. $1.50 by arc-e1 st: from special pens.
200 each by express. ennle uell Ann Arbor. Mich.

 

' Bull, Barred, Columblan, Partrld
”00k (William:- and Silver Penciled $2.00 sci?
Sheridan Poultry Yards. Sheridan, Michigan.

and W hits anndottcs. First 11'izo
silver 60“.“ winners at Ionia. Choice (ockerels‘ roa-
grumble. Sand for circular C. \V'. anwniug. R. 2, Portland. Mich.

 

51. Pope
i t\ )e
Saline. Mich.g l

S C. B: Minortus (lockerels and Pullets E
strain. P..C redSows and fall pigs
with quelity. II. \‘V. Mills.

" WhitoL horns, vigorous bred to l t k.
Slugs-11:11€215 hundred—1150:1011; 11.3,ta fewasdasy 081d
0 c s Ivory an e 11y nranteed.
MALo 151111. R. No.1, KalamuooFuMichignn.

WcMIEBELS“Ei¥12$§Sm“3M

are worth 33: cannot last Ion at these prices.
RIVERVIEW FARM, Iii Vassar. Michigan.

 

Sin le 0. B. Orpin 0113. Seven year

“M" [3,." dove opemontbvblgrtiding three popu-
lorStrains.theO\1-ens,Cooks& entz 11 fashion plate.
AfewFu choice1 Y)“ ullcts 8" eanch. Eggs per settin 0151113250.
Fuller, rop.. Triangle Poultry Farm. iles Mich.

WHITE” Wyandotte Eggs from heavy winter layers,
82 00 5..$3 75 per 30 00me 100 pcrb
stock. Egadny Poultry Ranch. ”@311.th

HITE Wyandotte Cockerels. :2. 50. :3. 50 and 85
each. From H1 11 Bred stock and heavy layers.
A. FRANKLIN SM TH, AnnArbor Ml lschan.

“"0 w “an". Cock 1! gookorolssbs 81,1080"
DAVID RKY. 202 F‘cme’setrAveS4 , gpsilantiper M11 hlgan.
While Holland Iurkoys. Tomfisis'lfim" °"e}.s“’sss.‘°‘f"'oo

Alden WhIcoomb. Byron Center. Michigan.

 

 

 


 

35-33:?" .

OU can have the benefits of better

planting and vastly better crops with

the HAYES Four-Wheel. Every kero
nel planted exactly the same dept/i—every
hill in perfect check—an even stand—
surer germination and quicker growth—
no missing hills, no bare spots in your
fields; such conditions will mean more
com for you, beller earn, more money.

This planter is guaranteed. It must be all we
claim and all you expect. 190,000 users verify
that HAYES Four-Wheels regulate depth of
planting to the fraction ohm inc/z. Corn all comes
up at the same time. allows earlier cultivation.
an earlier harvest, a. better quality and bigger
quantity.

HAYES Four-Wheels guarantee Surer germi-
9mt1km and marker grmr'lll. Wheels pack the dirt
around the corn to hold the moisture and leave
a ridge of loose 50/1 on top. Ridge over corn pre-
vents wasliouts in hilly fields and gives greater
surface for sun’s heat.

Covers where all ordinary open wheels {ail-even
in wet and sticky ground. Guaranteed not to
clog. Short coupled. light draft and turns in short-
est space. (.‘Im‘ks rail/1 absolute arrurarymegardless
of team‘s speed. Cross rows straighter than the
way you drive.

The HAYES Drop 71/‘7Ié’7' mz‘ssesa Izz'll. Simple,
reliable and most efficient. Fewer parts, less
breakage and delays. llas no clutch to miss and
give trouble. Jerr rrarl‘s or grinds the seed. Will
drop accurately any size or shape kernel. No
bare son/s in HAYES» planted fields. No replant-
lng necessary. Increased yields soon pay for it.

Free book “ AC" of Planter Facts tells all
about the HAYES. \Vrite for it today—a postal.
or if you wish a letter. asking any questions on
planting problems.

HAYES PUMP & PLAN'I'ER 00.. Galva, Ill.

IIIIIIIII llllll Illl IIIIIIIIIIII lllllll IIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllIllIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.

Deep Seedbeds
Properly Prepared
—That’s what you get when you use

the deep-cutting,_ double-turning, level-
ing and compacting

"Acme” Pulverlzlng Harrow

“The coulters do the work"— you should see

them mix the soil, cut Cl0(ls, weeds and trash

and make the whole into a firm ct mellow seed-

bed several inches deep. The "Kane" is simple,

durable and easy to pull. Sizes 3 ft. to 171-2 ft.

wide. Thousands in use. Send for booklet now,

Duane ll. Nash Inc.
~——— ‘ Millington
ew Jersey
6V2 ft. wide

 

 

    
   

'0" s ”E for each
E L L I S Engines mean

more power at one-third

the cost. Strongest, simplest, most
powerful engine bmlt. No cranking,

less carbonizmg, minimum Vibration, easi-
estto operate. Patent ower lator, force
feed Oiler, auto type mu er, balleggaring, gov-

ernpr adjustable
while running.

 
    
     
       

       
     
 
   
 
  

1% to 18 H. P. are sold on
30 days trial with 10-year .
guarantee, freight pre-
paid. Write for new, val-
uable b no k , particulars
and special prices now.
ELLIS ENGINE CO.
2901’ E. Grlnd Blvd Dotrolt "loll.

 
  

 
  
      
  

 

     
  

   

 

     

   

A
l
I

'— A -'. 0;: .

' din-'1" i l i- ‘t; \; «'(ei‘. ilk. \‘K (‘7, MJV .'
5-. I . ‘ , l y \A/ ‘ "I :-

gfiegilliififi‘ 13le all}. (i 7‘». kg It;

I JIM“ l "iilil

'é' -.
.. it; I
t \\I. -. ("lid
NG M EN . ,
EARN $2.000 T0 $10,000 A YEAR
We will teach you to be o hi h trade sale-men In eightweoka
at home and assure-you dofin to reposition: from a large num-
ger of reliable firms who Will 0 er you opportunities to earn
lg Poy while you are learning. No Iormer ex erienco re-
quired. Write today (or articularo. list of bun rods of ood
openingafind testimonies from hundreds of our otu ent-
now earning 8100 to 8500 a month. dress nearest office.
Dept. 688 NATIONAL “Luna's tummo locomotion
0M0.“ Now York San Francisco

/

    
 
 

    
  
  

  
 

 

Goods That Grow $2331ny 132“:

others give. Special prices on garden peas per B_u.
Catalogue Free. Allens Seed House, Geneva. Ohio.

 

.TH E Mr] C HJ GA.N FA RM.E.R

A Significant Phase

NE thing that has contributed to
the demoralization of the peach
market the past season is the

fact that canners have done next to

nothing in peaches. In ordinary sea-
sons in the past these dealers have
taken large quantities when prices rul-
ed low, and this has operated to keep
the markets cleaned up, but last fall
there was not this outlet, and so the
market went flat and seemed to re-
main so. Whether this will continue
a. disturbing factor is only a guess. A
dealer who is generally acquainted
with trade conditions told me that
probably one main reason for this in-
activity on the part of canners is the
facility offered to California shippers
by the Panama Canal. He said that
since waterway has been opened the

California canners can put their goods

into New York at a rate of 42 cents,

while it costs on rdealers 38 cents, and
that in California peaches for canning
can be bought for 20 cents per bushel.

Should this be the case ti may oper-

ate asa disturbing factor in the future

in years of full crops. On the other
hand, the peach crop the country over
is one of the most uncertain of any
crop that is generally grown over wide
areas on account of its liability to frost
injury. The peach is a tender fruit
and is liable to winter-killing of the
buds, and it is one that blossoms early
and is subject to serious injury while
in blossom, by frosts. So that it is
seldom that a crop is so generally
grown the country over as last season.
An Unworked Field.

But there is another factor which
far outweighs any of these which
should give rise to optimism as to the
future of this luscious and desirable
fruit, and that is the large possibilities
for marketing right at our doors. Just
over the line of commercial orcharding
perhaps nine—tenths of the people
scarcely taste a peach. Only in the
larger cities is there any very general
attempt at marketing peaches or other
fruits made. Only occasionally is a
car of peaches run into one of the
smaller cities or larger villages, and
the small villages and country places
are almost wholly neglected. Western
Allegan county grew at large crops of
peaches last season, and eastern Alle-
gan county had very few or no peaches
at all to use. A friend of the writer’s
living in the largest village in eastern
Allegan county said that the only
peaches she saw during the entire sea-
son were a few white clings that an
auto truck had brought over from
the Fennville district. People living
in other villages were surprised when
visitors from the peach district told
them of peaches going to waste in the
orchards because there was no mar-
ket for them. There was simply no
attempt made to reach these people
with peaches; and such conditions pre-
vailed all over Michigan as a rule. A
relative of the writer’s living in a vil-
lage of 500 or 600 inhabitants in Cen-
tral Illinois received some peaches,
and when neighbors found such fruit
was obtainable they wanted some, and
at one time five bushels Were sent and
at another ten bushels, and these peo-
ple were glad to get this fruit for $1
per bushel, and 47 cents express charg-
es. And this without any drumming
or soliciting whatever.

A speaker from New York at the re-
cent meeting of the State Horticultural
Society in Grand Rapids, took a very
doleful and pessimistic view of the out-
look, not only for peaches, but for oth-
er kinds of orchard fruits. In View of
conditions, however, such a View is
little short of sheer nonsense. There
are people enough in Michigan to use
every peach that is grown in the state,
and at good prices, if only the fruit
can be gotten to them. It is by no
manner of means a question of over-
production but of totally inadequate
distribution. And when Michigan peo-

 

ple are well supplied there are plenty

10f folks in states adjoining to take as

of Peach Marketing

many more. The only question is,
whether or not Michigan fruit growers
are going to adopt the methods neces-
sary to connect up with this large. un-
supplied class and get the stuff to
them.

It is not the purpose or intent of
this article to give a desertation on
marketing, but a few suggestions may
be pertinent. In the first place, of
course, some co-operative method will
be necessary. The average grower
alone is unable to do much. He is oc-
cupied with the work of harvesting,
and the work of selling these days re-
quires something of a specialist. Then
reliance must be placed on some other
means than the commission fraternity
for reaching these people. The fact
that so much of this trade is unreach-
ed and unsaught is ample evidence of
the insufficiency of this channel. The

,flat market of the past season is an-

other evidence. No doubt the grocery
trade will have to be drummed——and
possibly induced to handle the fruit for
slightly smaller profits than has here-
tofore been the custom. Formerly it
was possible to start a car of fruit
along the lines of the railroads and
with stop-over privileges at the small-
er towns to unload part of the con-
tents, but for some reason this is now
denied. Pressure should be brought
on the railroads to restore this privi-
lege. There are hundreds of articles,
by no means as desirable as fruit,
which the promoters find means of get-
ting before possible purchasers, all
over the land, and similar methods and
efforts will work out in selling fruit to
this large class that will buy if only it
is placed within their reach.
Allegan C0. Enw. HUTCIIINS.

 

THE ADVANTAGES OF SELLING
CREAM.

Some farmers are churning butter
and selling it for less than they would
receive from the sale of the cream
which is used in making the butter.
Prof. C. H. Eckles, of the Missouri
College of Agriculture, points out three
very good reasons why it is to the ad-
vantage ‘of the average farmer to
sell cream rather than to make butter
to be sold at the local store. (1) sell-
ing cream means less work for the
women than making butter. (2) the
cream will nearly always bring as
much as the butter and often consid-
erably more. (3) the cream buyer of-
fers a market for any quantity of
cream at any time.

Any system that will lighten the
duties of the women on the farm with-
out decreasing the income should cer-
tainly be adopted. When cream is sold
all that is necessary is to see that the
cream is cooled after being separated
and to take it along to town twice a.
week and three times in summer.

It may be that a few farmcrs’ wives
will find special customers that will
take the butter at a price etiual to that
secured for cream, but that does not
apply to many. Even then surplus but-
ter will be left on hand at times. Again
there may not be enough to supply the
customers and dissatisfaction will re-
sult. Vi‘hen selling cream these trou-
bles do not come to annoy. Any quan-
tity, much or little, can be sold to the
cream buyer at any time and cash re-
ceived on the spot.

As a rule, unless the home-made but-
ter can be sold at an average price of
25 cents or more, the year around the
income will be more if the cream is
sold. At an average of 25 cents the
income will be about the same but a
large amount of work will be saved by
selling the cream. If the farmer does
not have a cream separator he should
get one if four cows or more are milk-
ed. A machine will more than pay for
itself within a. year when ten cows are
kept, by the additional butter saved.
Four cows with a separator with make
as much butter as five. of the same
grade without a separator.

.MARCH 18,.lgl6.

GALLOWAY
SANITARY II R EA M SEPARATORS

" Spool-I Proooolglon from
Now till Orson—in addition
to my new low prices._ M!
w of opening now territory
on making further sales, as I
one separator sold in a
I neighborhmd always sell.
‘ from one to twenty-five more. Ev-

be called “exaggeration.'
Galloway Sop-rotor is equal to!
, not better than other separators ‘
selling for $75 to.$95.---users say- "woy about.” ,
I only ask one thing—before you buy a separator
- of any make. kind or at any price, not my blr
book—pick out the separator you wont, try I:
90 days—180 “moo—at my expense. If you de- .
cide to keep it (you don't . ave to) I’ll give .ou
the chome of 5 open, fair and square sel mg
plans and guarantee in separator for 10 years
against defective wor anship and material
A $26,000 bunk bond backs every 6!

‘ NOTE THIS BUILT-IN QUALITY
Hea , high carbon steel gear shafts and bowl
spind e: extra long bearings; stron , sanitary

~ bowl, discs not fastened together; 0i bath lub-
rication; big roomy, seamless, pressed steel,
supply tank; both ear shafts and both sgindle

. bearings support by one solid casting: envy,

' tinware; lo,w bowl spe uces wear
on bearings and ¥ears. No
raw. sharp edges n the bowl

to cut up the glob- .
nice of butter fat.

1W1?

«9

PAGE

BOOK FREE—-

Handsomely ri n t e d

beautiful] i lustrated

in four co ors. Tells all

about my new 1916 Sanitary Cream Separators,

how I build them; gives my 4 new low prices on '

4 good sizes,also my 5 easy selling plans, cash or

terms, etc, I’ll also send my spool-l proposi-

Ilon on 10.000 Galloway Sonllsry Groom Sop-

orotoro. Drop me a postal today.

Separators shipged from Waterloo, Kansas City, I

Council Blufi‘s. t. Paul or Chicago.

Wm. Galloway, Pros., The Wm. Galloway Go.
183 fislloway Station Waterloo, Iowa _

Groom Sop-rotor Monulooturlrzg Spool-Into

 

 
   
    
  
      
 
  
 
  

m cREAM Wl’W
SEPARATUR \‘d

A SOLID PROPOSITION to
send new, well made. easy running,
perfect. skimming separator for3515.95
Skiins warm or cold milk making
heavy or light. cream. Bowl is a
sanitary marvel. easily cleaned.

ABSOLUTELY 0" APPROVAL

Gears thoroughly protected. Differ-
ent from this picture, which illu8<
trstos our large capacity machines.

estern orders filled from
western points. Whether dairy
is large or small write for handsome
free catalog. Address;

AMERICAN SEPARATOR CO.
8033061 Balnbridge. N. Y.

Maple Syrup Makers

You get best Results with our
Champion Evaporator

Quick work. fuclsav-
ing. durability and
BEST QUALITY
OF SYRUP.

Write us for CAT-
ALOGUE.

 

 

 
  

numbei

Champion f}. of trees
- 1, you tap

Evaporator

Company, Makers, Hudson,0hio

 

  
      

causal!"

Buys tho Nougluttor- ' "3 . ~
fly Jr. No. 2. Lightrunning, .
easy cleaning, close skim- all

ming, durable. guaranteed ,
a lltotlmo. Skims 95 quart» is
1- hour. Mode also in four ‘2
' urge:- sizoo up toB 1-2 shown hero.
30 Days Free Trial mmw‘gg
amide; innamram-.:§:m-9:§:r
when the manufacturer Ind lave money: , ‘
ALBAUGH-DOVER 00. (12)
2186 Marshall sivo. cchoo

   
      
        
   
  

    

   
 

 

 

The “Berlin

I

Q“... ThaWhile Basket
, That secures highest

rices for our fruit.

rite for 916 catalog
showingour complete line
and secure your baskets
and crates at WINTER
DISCOUNTS.

The Berlln Fruit Box 00.
Balls Heights, Ohio.

 

 

 

 

 

 

llonllon lllchlun Farmer shun willing to ‘Imrllsm

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

.8'91. . I)" ".
MARCH 18. 1916.

, MARKETING CONFERENCE AT
M. A. cl '

(Continued from page 405).
improving the quality of the crop
through the use of clean seed were
touched upon, and bean growers were
encouraged by the argument that the
abnormal conditions of last year were
not likely to recur, and that it was
probable that the loss from bean dis-
eases would not again reach the pro-
portion which were suffered this year.

Next on the program came a discus-
sion of the proposition of the federa-
tion of the live stock shippers’ associa-
tions of the state, led by W. W. Bil-
lings, discussed by W. E. Sheldon and
other representatives of live stock
shippers’ associations, which discus-
sion will be reported in some detail in
a future issue.

T'KH’h" 101 1' cl H"1 d it'll? 11h R‘lvl 'E"R

An address on the federation of co-
operative fruit growers’ associations
was next given by Mr. R. H. Ellsworth,
manager of the Grand Traverse Fruit
Growers’ Association, which advanced
a plan of having such a federation pro-
moted through the state office of mar-
kets. This subject was discussed by a
number of managers of co-operative
'fruit growers’ associations in Michi-
gan, and evoked strong interest among
those present.

. The interest inthis session was so
great that a special round table discus-
sion was called during the noon hour,
at which the officials of co-operative
organizations in the state met to ex
change opinions with regard to meth~
ods of management, and the promotion
of still more successful co—operative ef-
forts through the associations with
which they are identified.

llllllllllllIlllllllllllflllfllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll l”llllll'llllll"l”I'llllll lllll'll'l llllllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll'lli llllllllllll'llllllllllllllllllllllllllI lll[illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

The Farmer as Buyer and Seller

THIS was the subject of an ad-
dress by Dr. T. N. Carver, Pro-
of Rural Economics at
Harvard University. Dr. Carver laid
down the premise that in farming
there were two distinct ends or aims
which are normally capable of equal
development, namely, the production
end and the bargaining end. As a first
essential of success the farmer must
be expert at the production end of his
business. He left with the audience
the impression that while much might
still be desired along this line, that the
production end of agriculture is much
better developed and much more suc-
cessfully conducted than the bargain-
ing end, partly because of greater abil-
ity of individual farmers along this
line, and more particularly because of
the different nature of these two de-
partments of successful agriculture.

The production end of the farming

fessor

business can be further improved by

the separate efforts of individual farnr
ers, but in the bargaining end co-oper-
ation between farmers is essential.
These two overlap somewhat in the
matter of the preparation of farm pro-
ducts for market, since successful bar-
gaining in the sale of farm products
involves the inspection and grading of
the products offered, so that the pur-
chaser may know just what he will get
when any given product is purchased.
The speaker commented upon the in-
fluence which this factor had had up-
on the success of the co—operative fruit
selling organizations of the west, since
the purchaser knows exactly what he
will get when he buys a box of 01'-
anges of any given grade. As the first
essential to collective bargaining Dr.
Carver laid great emphasis on this
matter of inspection and grading of
products offered in a collective way.

In discussion Prof. Homer C. Price,
of the Ohio State University, gave his
experience in selling a crop of apples
grown on his farm and sold to a buyer
for a chain of stores requiring a large
amount of apples for distribution in
the cities where these stores are oper-
ated. Prof. Price emphasized the point
that it is not difficult to sell a product
of quality at a remunerative price
when it can be offered in quantities
which will attract large buyers.

This subject was also discussed by
Hon. A. B. Cook, Senator J. W. Hutch-
ins and others. Mr. Cook gave his ex-
perience in selling products in carlots
in a middle eastern market, and stat-
ed that although his business was not
conducted on a large scale, one firm
who had handled his products for a
number of years were always ready to
buy upon his description, and that
dealings had always been mutually
satisfactory. He emphasized the im-
portance of a. farmer having a few
lines of production and producing
enough of these lines to market in car-
lots for best results in solving the. mar-
keting problems under present condi-
tions although he expressed strong be-
lief in the idea that co-operative mar-
keting was not only desirable, but that]

, ———_-~.. _~--~;f‘— VH‘mT-‘imr—mif.‘ a.— :-.».:;.»,.

a marvelous growth would be noted in
this direction in the near future.

Senator Hutchins commented upon
the fact that nearly all, if not all, of
the cooperative organizations in the
state are organized under a law pass-
ed at a comparatively recent session
of the Legislature, and that their suc-
cess was most gratifying to one who
had aided in the formulation and
enactment of the law.

Further reports of marketing discus-
sions which took place at the market
conference session on the following
day will appear in the next issue.

MICH 137w CROP REPORT.

VVheat.—In answer to the question,
“Has wheat during February suffered
from any cause?" 240 correspondents
in the state answer “Yes,” and 218
“N0;” in the southern counties 172 an-
swer “Yes” and 56 “No;" in the cen-
tral counties 35 answer “Yes” and 75
“No;” in the northern counties 32 an-
swer “Yes” and 62 “No," and in the
upper peninsula one answers “Yes”
and 25 “No.”

Snow protected wheat in the state
16 days, in the southern counties 10,
in the central and northern counties
21, and in the. upper peninsula 29 days.

The average depth of snow on Feb-
ruary 15 in the state was 4.64 inches,
in the southern counties 1.97, in the
central counties 4.66, in the northern
counties 5.12 and in the upper penin-
sula 21.65 inches. On February 28 the
average depth of snow in the state
was 3.92, in the southern counties 0.83,
in the central counties 3.58, in the
northern counties 5.12 and in the up-
per peninsula 22.23 inches.

The total number 01' bushels of
wheat marketed by farmers in Febru-
ary at 65 flouring mills is 132,086, and
at 82 elevatms and to grain dealers
191, 007, or a total of .323 ,093 bushels.

Of this amount 241, 973 bushels were
marketed in the southern four tiers of
counties, 69,726 in the central counties
and 11,394 in the northern counties and
upper peninsula.

The estimated total number of bush—
els of wheat marketed in the seven
months, August- F ebr uar _v, is 6, 500, 000.

Forty mills, elevators and grain deal-
ers report no wheat purchased in Feb-
ruary.

The average condition of live stock
in the state is reported as follows,
comparison being made with stock in
good, healthy and thrifty condition:
Horses 96; cattle 95; sheep 97 and
swine 94.

STORAGE APPLE HOLDINGS.

An inquiry relating to the quantity
of apples stored in the coolers March
1. 1916, has been completed by the
Office of Markets and Rural Organiza-
tion, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Inasmuch as some cold storage firms
have not responded, this report should
not be considered as dealing with the

entire cold storage apple holdings 0f "

the country.

In spite of the fact that apples mov- ,

ed out of storage somewhat faster dur-
ing the month of February, than dur-
ing the previous month, the informa-
tion received would seem to indicate
that there are 19. 9 per cent more ap-
ples in cold storage on March 1 this
year than were held on March 1,1915.
However, the barreled apple holdings
on the first of this month show an ex-
cess of 40.5 per cent over those of a
year ago, while the boxed apple hold-
ings are 25. 7 per cent below those of
last year.

HIGHEST-
AWARD

WW 1 gift PM)”;
'v 1 .2: x'rlorvn‘.
1,..-o.z.;on

SA N FHA N4' l""’:

International
and C B & Q

Planters

$333109

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NEXT in importance to ”good, tested seed,

every authority on corn raising eplaces good
planting. Evenly Spaced hills; the same number of

kernels dropped 1n each hill;

even depth of planting;

a reliable foot drop for finishing the field—.these are the features
demanded of a planter by eveiy careful corn raiser.

This is the standard to which the builders of International and
C B & Q corn planteis work, and excellent planting IS the result.
Note, first, the substantial frame and wheels—the foundation of

the machine.

Then see how simple are the ariangements that

enable you to drop 2, 3, or 4 kernels in every hill, 01 to drill

in your corn with accurate spacing between the kernels.

The

use of an International or C B & Q corn planter g-ives y ou assur-
ance that every hill of corn on your farm will produce its full

share of corn profit.
Try one this year.

machines, to show you their good points in detail,

Ask the local dealers, who handle these

01‘ write

to us for complete information about reliable International and

C B & Q corn planters.

International Harvester Company of America
(Incorporated)

CHICAGO

Champion Deering McCormick

 

USA

Milwaukee Osborne Plano

 

 

 

FOR HOMES, BARNS
and IMPLEMENTS

DIRECT FRODI FACTORY
TO YOU. IIIG II (- “ADE
\VIIOLESAI PA PRICES)
HHII’VHC \I‘S AI Al)l'. SAMI-Z
1). \Y ORDER. IS RECEIVP D

A ’I‘RI‘L \VII.L PLFASF YOU
SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND
COLOR CARI)

PONTIAC PAINT MFG. CO.

PONTIAC, NIICH.

 

 

 

 

 

INSIDE FACTS ABOUT HOGS

are that ninety per cent
of them are wormy and
the owner never suspects

 

0:35; ”99:30

[KHAN it until they show signs
ugED'EATESfl of sickness.
a LTBR 0 It p&)8 to be on the
SA IEK safe side, and if you will
0 91$!"ch ‘l crush

BLACKMAN’S
MEDICATED
SALT BRICK

and dissolve it in the
slop-feed as per direc-
tions once or twice a.

 

 

msroat'romc “e" "0“ Samba-'6
gsouoxlcummz'rTE A I'EI‘Lr‘G 0F
mmwigfl \nsovc'rn SAFETY

that your hogs will soon
be free of worms.

Blackman Stock Remedy Co.

Chattanooga, Tennessee.

BEHEE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Farmslrld Farm Lands FTr'Tale

 

 

The South —The Homeland .

FOUR T0 SIX TONS OF ALFALFA, 60 to 100
bushels of corn to the acre, $100 to $500 an acre from
fruit or truck opportunities for the stock raiser and
dairyman, a climate which means two to four crops
3 year, pl home locations, attractive laud
prunes are things the South offers homeeeekers. Out
publications and "special information on request.

131035338
Ind. and An. 0031' 1', Southern By.
Room 78 Washingtonl). 0.

       
   
   
       
 

  

Mnb.lp.'1“lv
’11 3111' l';--Iv

  
   

  

 

 

 

O Q a . ' A .

.Thesmte or Thrifty Farmers. elightful, healthy
climate. Good Land, Reasonable Emcee Close to big
markets of la: e cities of the sat. Send for free
descriptive ooklet &m 3%
8T_A BUREAU 0 IMMIGRATION,
Tofiman Buildin Baltimore

 

 

 

McClure-Stevens Land C0.

Successors to A..l. Slow-11s il’ ('0. I‘lstahllslwll 1883.
l";11‘!11.l"1'1lii and Stock Lands. “'1- ouo 154,000 acres
ofehoim- unimproved lunrl in ('vlmlu'ip mul (‘lnn'
('nuniii's. Hold on easy payments. lntcri-st (3 percent.
“'l'itt' l'or information.

Gladwin, Michigan
Farmers and Stock Raisers Attention

Parcel-1 ol‘ 160 329-640 :u'res well g1 rasscd and watered
1 HI on 1 l'lll'l\'lll (ila-luixH' o. ]«l( al 1'01 Stoi k lliln(‘ll('~l
m gc 111 ml 1 inning Prim-$113011” arrow-.1.“ 1011111
lit-(l 111\ 111' w listol"11u'pi"-o\:<l l': irius at one

1. (1‘1. REY NOLIS Glauwln. “lab.

“ACRES 0F OPPORTUNITIES"

An illustxated booklet 1 RI‘ 1 Michigan has hundreds
of thousands of :11'1‘e' of \il‘gin l'11ul. 500 :111:1('1‘-1 up
Ile:1lthru[(lin1'.-1r1 Growing: '1- .‘L'nlil for all crops \lllpll‘.
ralnr:.ill Write \\ l’ Hur1111nn_\_& l.Ag11.1itoin1Hll
(-rand lt' wills & Indiana It: lllll' 11,(;1:111dl(.\1pul.'I‘lich

 

 

 

 

New Land,

In Gl: ulwinz :ud \lidluml (ounlit-s \li(lli;' 1111. “1- l,l
lot' (-1“ (l l.'.o\' prices and His) terms. SI 'ific ld Hr: :4
(owners). 1C1 Merrill Bldg, Saginaw, (in-slsi4.1)\li('h.

. lot] can 151-1 more 1'. '1lm 1111' your
FarmerSI mom-x llll'll‘lll 111111111) in Southern
Mlthiunn than .11“ “lu- 11 in tin 1 Mind States. If
intr- "mlml \\riiei'oi‘ free catalogue.

BYISZMS & BliUlVN. Culdwall‘r. Dlltllignn

80 ACRES \1111111 '10 miles of l):- M111 it (1111- mil1 south
of (‘rralul ll'll'll‘ loud, lust ol lantl uni-d
lmillings :Iml l"---1uh'.\\1ll ~<ll on comn' not with

 

 

 

small 11:1) nu- nt. rasli.l‘1-r111> cum :ldre: s or Ill‘ r
M tsuMur) itunwick, Soul l). L; on M icliignn.
at); )00 Boys l"ll:ur1sof(l.i_\lmin11:n'm 10 ac row
('luil‘ml all l'c need 1Hx1\11.honsc, good
(lili\(-w1-ll._l1i1'mls l'lom h'(lll)l)l 11111!“ from railloa‘l.

c:1sll,mortt:'1g4 for balance. “rite-to

-1rn. I. 11'
AliNULD I’Ul’l’, Mind( 11 Cit\, \l itliignn.

257 ACRE STOCK FARM 0n 111'11111'11'.ul,'uill
Sit) pe r acre. 10001111 rs. Send for “th1111th HST-1511..
Farm Agent-y Phelps llldg.liinnhnn11on Nu \ork
O h i l '
FOR SALE-1.311.. ”1'1‘...“..‘.1.l}‘."..1"l'.‘,1fff-"xx 5033

County. 1- met conu- first served. I minim-(110.19.
AthIII-‘I\, 312 lllulbul Avenue, Mich.

Southern Farms,
NIAR'I‘IN' & (‘ULl'T

 

 

Detroit.

 

l\li-:.i.~:sippl. Arkansas. ’l‘tnnvssee.
Send for booklet.
Memphis 'l‘inu.

ten dollars per mm will
460 acres near PelUSkCY, (li\idc Iosnit pin chaser.
some improved with good buildings c :m ten-1s W rite
owner BIO? \ NA] DR! [“I’l. ( larion. ;\ll(h

9 Vi e have 111,111} able-bodi-
no You "Bad Farm Help-eilyoungnicn experienced
and lnc'xpcru need who w: int {mm work (1111s he inga
phi]: .lntlmipic orlg: UllZ' itlon our serxiecs arctic: to cm-
plm er 'uu emp owe. if 3011 need good stc :uh bt
mun, wriu to JLWISH ACRIC ClL’l‘bIlAl. SOdPEE
”,IY 712 W. l2th St.. Chicago, Ill.

[ISFIELD SEEDS

of. weather damaged nearly all seeds.
Most. are full of blasted grains and weeds,
Buckhorn, Thist le,uud Dock. Ours are not,
and are far the cheapest to sow. Scarcity of
good seed makes early buying advisable. 8c.-
plu 3nd instructions“ How to Know Good Seed” Free.
Write todoy. “H.800” It SONS 00.. 38 31-1118vaqu

PURE FIELD SEED

Clover Timothv. Alslke. Alfalfa and all kinds of PURE

FIELD S SEEDS direct from pioducer to consumer:
rom all noxious weeds. Ask for sample

C. HOY'I & 00.. Box M. 1 FOST'NORIA OHIO. .

Limited supply of Mich. Yel-
seod corn: lowing Ho'me qmwn flm
dried and tested. Price $3 on per hu. Shelled. Sample
on remit-st. F.A ILBywater, emphls, Mich

 

1000 h l
Seed com 6.3:? tigfigfiic‘i‘iil :31; “.3513

w. N. cannula" ”is... 4. New earn-lo. omo'

 


  

410— 34

t . I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIlIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIfl

E‘ =
Markets.
E , a
aIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIllIIII|IIIllIIllIIIIlIIIIII[IllIII|IIIIIIIIIII|llIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIS

GRAINS AND SEEDS.
March 14, 1916.

Wheat—Further general decline in
wheat values characterized last week’s
trading. Congestion on the railroads
and a continued lack of.ocean tonnage
were the main elements of discourage-
ment to the holders of the grain,‘and
as a result considerable liquidation fol-
lowed. The recent government report
was bearish, showing large supplies of
wheat remaining in fariners’ hands.
The decline in foreign markets, espe-
cially Liverpool, is less in proportion
than the reductions here, and the of—
ferings from the southern hemisphere
amount to practically nothing. Re-
ports of damage continue to come in
and prospects of a serious curtailment
of the wheat acreage in Canada due to
the small amount of rail plowing and
the lateness of the spring opening are
bullish features. The visible supply
increase was small. One year ago No.
2 red wheat was quoted at $1.591/2 per

bushel. Last week‘s Detroit prices
were:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. May.
\Vednesday . .1.12 1.07 1.14%,
Thursday . . . .1.13 1.08 1.15%,
Friday ......... 1.13%; 1.08% 1.15 1/2
Saturday ....... 1.12 1.07 1.131/2
Monday . .. . . . . ”1.10%; 1.051/2 1.12
Tuesday ....... 1.11 1.06 1 12%,»

Chicago—May wheat $1.081/2; July

$1.071”, per bushel. ,
Corn—Corn values suffered less than
those of wheat during the past week.
There has been an unusual demand for
corn, especially of the better qualities,
which with moderate offerings keeps
the trade firm. The improvement in
live stock prices has encouraged long-
er feeding periods, thus increasing the
amount of farm consumption. The vis-
ible supply increased less than a mil—
lion bushels last week. One year ago
No. 3 corn was quoted at 750 per bu.

Last week’s l‘)etroit prices were:
No. 3 No. 3

Mixed. Yellow.
Wednesday ....... ‘. . 701/2 721/2,
Thursday ........... 70 1/2 72%;,
Friday .............. 701/2 72 1/2
Saturday ............ 70 1,32 721/55
Monday ............. 70 I»; 721,4;
Tuesday ............ 711/3 74

per bushel.
Chicago—May corn 761/2c; July 77c
Oats.—Oat prices moved in the op-
posite direction from wheat by show-
ing an advance of a cent in the past
week. Commission houses that were
recently selling the grain have turned
to the buying side. Receipts are small.
A year ago standard oats were quoted
locally at. 650 per bushel. Last week’s
Detroit. quotations were:
No. 3

Standard. White.
45 44

Vv'ednesday .........

Thursday . . . . ....... 45 44
Friday ......... . . . . . 451/2 44%;
Saturday 46 45
Monday ............. 46 45
Tuesday ............ 461/2 451/2,

Chicago—May oats 44%c per bu;
July 4354c. .

Rye. The market 18 inactive and
unchanged at 92c for No. 2.

Barley—Higher with inalting grades
at 72631760 at Milwaukee, and 62@77c
at Chicago.

Peas. No change in Chicago market
with prices at $2.40@2.50, sacks iii-
cludr-d. .

Beans.—There is very little trading
in beans at this point. Quotations_on
immediate and prompt shipment $3.50;
April $3.55. At Chicago prices are
easy with pea beans, hand—picked Mich-
igan stock $3.60@3.80; red kidneys'$5
$5.30. At Greenville beans are selling
on a $3003.10 basis.

Clover Seed—Prime spot $11.50;
prime alsike $9.50. At Toledo prime
spot $11.30; prime alsike $9.50.

Timothy Seed.——Prime steady at
$3.50 per bushel.

 

 

FLOUR AND FEEDS.

 

_ Iour.——..obbing lots in one-eighth
paper sacks are selling on the Detroit
market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best
patent $6.30; seconds $6; straight
$5.70; spring patent $6.70; rye flour $6.

Feed—«Iii 100-11). sacks, jobbing lots
are: Bran $24; standard middlings
$25: fine. middlings $30; cracked corn
$31.50; corn and oat chop $28 per ton.

Hay.—-—No. 1 timothy, $18.50@19;
standard timothy $17.50@18; light
mixed $17.50@18; No. 2 timothy $15
@16; No. 1 mixed $14@15; No. 1 clover
$10@13. _ .

Chicago.——Ch01ce timothy $18@
$18.50; No. 1 do $15@16; No. 2 $13
(L14.

C\Strawr-JJVheat and oat straw 36:50
@7; rye $7.50@8 per ton.

 

,1

THE MICHIGAN FA'R-MER

DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.

 

Butter.—-—Market is firm in all grades .

and prices unchanged. Extra cream-
ery 35c; firsts 34c; dairy 21c'; packing
stock 180.

Elgin.-——Top grades are still scarce
and bring 35c per lb.‘ The high price
has increased trade in lower grades
and storage stock. Price for week,
based on sales, is 350.

Chicago.——Good stock is scarce and
its price well maintained. Storage
stock and lower grades are selling
well. Extra creamery 350; extra firsts
34@341A,c; firsts 3O@331,§c; extra dair-
ies 33c; packing stock 21@220.

Eggs—Receipts are large and the
demand active at prices about lc low-
er than last week. Current receipts
are quoted at 18%0; candled firsts
191110 per dozen.

Chicago—The trade is good, and not-
withstanding liberal receipts prices are
slightly higher than last week. Firsts
1894c; ordinary firsts 171461317940;
miscellaneous lots, cases included 18@
181/20. .

Poultry.——Offerings are not large
and demand is good. Prices for springs
and hens are higher. Turkeys 16@
17c; spring turkeys 21@22c; fowls 14
@18%c, according to quality; spring
chickens 17@181/20; ducks 19@200 per
lbs; geese 17@18c.

Chicago—Receipts are good and de-
mand only fair. Fowls are lower but
other kinds remain about the same.
Turkeys 14@210, depending on qual-
ity; fowls 16@161/20; springs 151/2@
18c; ducks 18c; geese 10@13c.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

 

Apples.—Apples are moving freely
and offerings are ample. Greenings
$2.50@3.50; Spys $3.50@4; Baldwins
$3@3.50; Steel Red $4@4.50. At Chi-
cago stocks are liberal and the market
favors buyers. Bulk of offerings only
of ordinary quality. No. 1 Greenings
are quoted at $2.50@2.75 per bbl; Jon-
athans, No. 1, $3.50@4; Baldwins, $3
@325; Spys $3@3.75.

Potatoes.—Market is steady and the
prices are slightly higher. Carlots on
track, white $1.05@1.08; red 95c@$1
per bushel. At Chicago large receipts
brought lower prices. Buyers are in-
clined to hold off for further reduc-
tions. Michigan whites 90@95c per
bushel; other kinds 90c@$1. At Green-
ville the buyers are paying 850 per
bushel.

WOOL AND HIDES.

 

“fool—Although the manufacturers,
through heavy buying, have taken
large blocks of wool from the market
and satisfied their immediate needs,
the operating of the mills at full ca-
pacity will soon make it necessary for
them to replenish supplies again. Be—
cause of the temporary let up in buy-
ing, sales at Boston were considerably
reduced last week. Buying from farm—
ers in western states is increasing with
the producers able to control prices.
Fleeces are in good demand with Mich-
igan unwashed delaines quoted at 31@
320; do. combing 32@37c; do. clothing
26@31c per pound.

Hides.—-—No. 1 cured 170; do. green
150; No. 1 cured bulls 130; do. green
100; N0. 1 cured calf 250; do. green
240; No. 1 horsehides $4.50; No. 2
$3.50; No. 2 hides 1c lower than the
above; sheepskins, as to amount of
wool, 50c@$2.

GRAND RAPIDS.

 

Eggs are lower, having dropped to
16 and 170 at the week’s Opening. If
the warm weather continues the buy-
ing for storage will soon begin. Stor—
age buyers made some money on last
season’s eggs and it is expected they
will be active this spring, which will
keep the market stable. Potatoes are
around 80c. White beans are worth
$3.40; red kidneys $4.40. Vegetables
grown under glass here are cheap just
now, with lettuce down to 61/2c per
pound, and radishes 180 per dozen.
Poultry is scarce and very high. Grain

prices do not show much change from .

last week.

DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.

 

Considering the season, there was a
fairly large market on Tuesday morn-
ing, and offerings of farmers moved
rather freely. Apples continue to form
the major part of the supplies, with
prices generally ruling between 800
and $1.30, a few good Spies going as
high as $1.80; cabbage sells around
65c; potatoes $1@1.10; carrots $1@
1.20; parsnips 650; onions $1.25@1.40;
eggs 300; butter 35c; loose hay goes
rather slow at $18@22 per ton.

During the coming national cam-
paign it will be necessary to elect 32
members for the United States Sen-
ate. Of those whose terms will ex-
pire, only one has declared himself not
to be a candidate for re-nomination.

LIVE STOCK MAR KETS.

 

Buffalo.

. March 13, 1916.

(Special Report of Dunning and Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock
Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts here today. Cattle 110 cars;
hogs 75 d. d.; sheep and lambs 75 d.
d.; calves 1300 head.

With 110 cars of cattle today, good
shipping cattle sold unevenly higher,
bulk of them full quarter above last
week. Some of the medium and low-
priced butcher cattle sold 15@25c high-
er. Top price on good shipping cattle
today $9.25. We look for a fair run of
cattle here next week and look for
these good shipping cattle to sell good.
We are very bullish on the future mar-

ket on good corn-fed cattle and also fat

butcher cattle of all kinds. We look
for them to gradually keep working
higher. Of course, there will be Mon-
days, after they have had a heavy run
in Chicago, that they may buy them a
little lower, but that break will only
be temporary.

We had a rather light supply of hogs
today, demand very light and the gen-
eral market about 100 lower on best
grades, while pig stuff sold about
steady. The general sales of yorkers
and light mixed were at $10.35@10.40,
and the general run of pigs at $9.25;
roughs $9@9.50; stags $6.50@7.50.
About everything sold at the close and
it looks like we should have about a
steady market the balance of the week.

Market was active on choice sheep
and lambs but slow on medium and
coarse, with prices 350 lower than the
close of last week. ‘About seven loads
unsold and we look for steady to shade
higher prices the last of the week.

We quote: Lambs $11.40@11.50;
cull to fair $8@11.25; yearlings $8.50@
10.35; bucks $4.50@7.25; handy ewes
$8.25@8.50; heavy ewes $8@8.25;
wethers $8.75@9.25; cull sheep $4.50@
7; veals, good to choice $12.75@13;
common to fair $8@12.50; heavy $6@9.

——Q
Chicago.
March 13, 1916.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Receipts today. .14,000 54,000 16,000
Same day 1916. .21,880 53,748 10,328

Last week ...... 42,069 153,690
Same wk 1916..43,470 149,175 61,080
Shipments from here last week were

as follows: Cattle 10,177; hogs 41,755;
sheep 14,385. Hogs received averaged
211 lbs.

This week opens with a meager cat-
tle supply and prices generally 10@15c
higher, under a good demand. Hogs
are firm, with sales at $9.35@10. Sheep
and lambs do not Show much change,
although there are lower bids in nu-
merous instances.

Cattle were in as lively general de-
mand as ever last week, with all de-
scriptions wanted by both local buyers
and shippers, and continued moderate
receipts resulted in further sharp ad-
vances all along the line. A large
share of the steers marketed sold at a
range of $8@9.25, prices ruling higher
than at any previous time this year,
with the best heavy steers offered go-
ing at $9.40@9.90. The poorer lots of
thin steers found buyers at $7@8.25,
with medium class steers selling at
$8.50@8.95 and good fat beeves at $9@
9.35. Butchering cattle shared in the
advance, with cows selling at $5.10@
8 and heifers at $5.25@9, prime year-
ling heifers being scarce and selling
the highest. Cutters went at $4.40@5,
canners at $3.50@4.35 and bulls at $5
@775. Calves were in the customary
active demand, with light weight veal-
ers selling especially well at $10@11.25
while the demand for shipment was
excellent, the heavy calves going at
$5@10. There was a good trade in
stockers and feeders at higher prices
for the better class, with feeders going
at $6.50@7.90 and stockers at $6@8,
some stockers that averaged only 547
lbs. selling at $8, while some feeders
averaging 1075 lbs. also brought $8.
Killers had competition from feeders
all the way up to $8, and the stock
yard speculators Were buyers of a few
very poor little stockers down to $5.75
and even lower, but these cattle were
mainly of a canner kind. Prices for
well—bred stockers and feeders are
climbing so high that it seems doubt-
ful whether country buyers will con-
tinue to support the market at its pres
ent level. Illinois feeders who bought
stockers as soon as this outlet was re-
opened not long ago got supplies at
much lower prices than those paid last
week. The best demand runs strongly
in favor of a good class of little stock-
er cattle. The general cattle market
advanced largely 25@350 last week.

Hogs not only made their regular
weekly performance of showing fresh
high records, but they had one of the
most extraordinary booms witnessed
in a very long time, much to the sur-
prise of most people interested in the
hog trade. Prices reached the highest
level seen since April, 1910, and
further advances were generally pre-
dicted. While the receipts have been

- MARCH 18, 1916;

falling off in recent weeks, the general
local ‘and shipping demand has kept up
as large‘as ever, with the fresh pork
requirements the most important fac-
tor, although cured hog meats are also
in very large demand on domestic and
export account. The hogs now com-
ing to market are of good average qual-
ity, with recent receipts averaging 209
lbs... comparing with 199 lbs. a month
earlier, 190 lbs. at the beginning of the
year, 223 lbs. one year ago and 227 lbs.
two years ago. The bulk of the offer-
ings have sold with a range of 20c,
With prime light shipping and prime
heavy shipping lots both selling at top
figures. Top hogs brought $10.10, with
closmg prices for the week ruling at
$9.45@10, comparing with $8.55@9.20
a week earlier, while pigs brought $7.50
@950, according to weight.

Lambs, yearlings, wethers and ewes
have continued to bring far the high-
est prices ever recorded in March, not-
withstanding. declines from time to
time, packers neglecting the heavy
lambs, while favoring the weighty
sheep. Colorado lambs made another
high record by bringing $11.55. No
new features are seen in the market,
and high prices have come to stay evi-
dently. Late sales were made of
lambs at $8.50@11.55, yearlings at $9
@1035, wethers at $7.50@8.75, ewes
at $5@8.50 and bucks at $5@6.50. The
shorn lambs brought $7@9.65 and feed-
ing lambs $10@10.90.

Horses were plentier and active last
week at former prices, with the prin-
cipal demand for army types. A few
prime heavy horses sold at $260@300,
but sales up to $250 cut little figure,
With the poorer animals selling around
$60@100, while drivers sold at $100@
200, commercial chunks at $165@210
and the best farm mares at $210@225.
VVagoners brought $165@200.

'LIVE STOCK NEWS.

Lambs, handy weight searlings,
wethers and ewes are all selling ex-
tremely high on the Chicago market,
even at such times as sharp breaks in
prices take place, for supplies are mea-
ger most of the time. The number fed
the past winter was greatly below nor-
mal, and at the present time most of
the lambs marketed hail from Colora-
do, where the bulk of the feeding is be-
ing carried on. Vl'ord comes from the
North Platte district of Nebraska that
approximately 250,000 head were fed
there this season, comparing with 188,-
000 a year ago and 191,000 two years
ago, the season extending from the
early fall to the latter part of April.
Never before were such extremely high
prices paid in the month of March as
those lately prevailing, and owners of
prime flocks are making generous prof-
its. Shearing has been going forward
in districts where sheep and lambs are
owned, and with wool selling in Mons
tana at 30 to 31 cents per pound, the
spring clip is an extremely valuable
item in the sheep industry. ,

Very few prime heavy steers are
reaching the Chicago market at this
time, and prices have advanced sharp-
ly, late sales taking place as high as
$9.75 to $9.90 per 100 lbs. All kinds of
cattle have had large advances since
the low time several weeks ago, and
thin stockers and feeders have moved
up much the most because of the re-
opening of the feeder outlet at last.

 

 

NATIONAL CROP REPORT.

The Crop Reporting Board of the
Bureau of Crop Estimates, from re-
ports of correspondents and agents,
estimates that the amount of corn on
farms March 1, 1916, was about 1,138,-
773,000 bushels, or 37.3 per cent of the
1915 crop, against 910,894,000 bushels,
or 34.1 per cent of the 1914 crop on
farms March 1, 1915, and 866,352,000
bushels, or 35.4 per cent of the 1913
crop on farms March 1, 1914. ‘ The
proportion of the 1915 crop which is
merchantable is about 71.3 per cent,
against 84.5 per cent of the 1914 crop
and 80.1 per cent of the 1913 crop.

The amount of wheat on farms on
March 1, 1916, was about 241,717,000
bushels, or 23.9 per cent of the 1915
crop, against 152,903,000 bushels, or
17.2 per cent of the 1914 crop on farms
March 1, 1915, and 151,795,000 bushels,
or 19.9 per cent of the 1913 crop on
farms March 1, 1914.

The amount of oats on farms March
1, 1916, was about 596,600,000 bushels,
or 38.7 per cent of the 1915 crop, as
against 379,369,000 bushels, or 33.2
per cent of the 1914 crop on farms on
March 1, 1915, and 419,481,000 bushels,
or 37.4 per cent of the 1913 crop on
farms March 1, 1914.

m.

In the leading article of last week’s
Michigan Farmer, in referring to the
prize won by Wallace Bros. for the
highest yield of oats in a. contest con-
ducted last year, their location was
given as Huron county, instead of Em-
met county, in which county they are
located—The Editors. ‘-

 

MrmM-“n’n m. L .. ..

 

 

 


 

 

 

, , .. £ w A»map~m.~..~—-'M Inwkn—l :1... ’.~ amusma- “w mu». Mr: : . -

wwwf . .. .

 

MAR’c'ii 18, £916. -

THIS IS THE‘FIRST EDITION.

 

The first edition is sent to those who
have not expressed a deSire for the
latest markets. The late market edi-
tion will be sent on request at any
time.

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.

 

Thursday's Market.
March 9, 1916.
Cattle.

Receipts 2353. The run of stock at
the local yards fell behind those of a
week ago in all department, espeCially
so in hogs. Good service was given by
the railroads and everything arrived
early.

The cattle trade was much more ac-
tive than for sometime and on nearly
all grades there was an advance of
10@150 per cwt. over last week, spec-
ulators and local butchers taking all
the receipts. Few buyers from the
country were on hand for stockers or
feeders.

Milch cows were dull and so the
common grades were extremely so.
The close was full steady as follows:
Best heavy steers $7.75@8; best handy
weight butcher steers $7 @750; mixed
steers and heifers $6.50@7; handy
light butchers $6@6.25; light butchers
$5.75@6; best cows $5.75@6.25; butch-
er cows $5.25@5.50; common cows
$4.50@5; canners $3.25@4.25; best
heavy bulls $6@6.50; bologna bulls
$5.25@5.50; stock bulls $5@5.50; feed-
ers $6@7; stockers $5@6.25; milkers
and springers $30@70.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 11
steers av 932 at $7.20, 7 do av 901 at
$6.75, 2 bulls av 710 at $5, 4 cows av
1132 at $5.75, 2 do av 1152 at $5, 7 do
av 900 at $5.50, 11 butchers av 802 at
$6.90, 1 bull wgh 1880 at $6; to New-
ton B. Co. 4 cows av 992 at $4.75, 2
do av 1145 at $5.75, 2 do av 875 at $6,
3 do av 1170 at $6.25, 2 do av 690 at
$5.50, 3 steers av 797 at $6.50, 22 do av
925 at $7.10, 24 do av 824 at $6.85, 1
bull wgh 650 at $5.50; to Bray 8 stock-
ers av 527 at $4.75; to Kull 2 butchers
av 775 at $6, 14 steers av 836 at $6.90,
2 do av 730 at $6; to Newton B. Co.
3 canners av 880 at $4.25, 2 cows av
1215 at $5.75, 1 bull wgh 1030 at $5.75,
5 steers av 788 at $7, 5 do av 896 at
$7.10, 1 bull wgh 1730 at $6.25; to Sul-
livan P. Go. 2 steers av 860 at $7, 1
cow wgh 740 at $4, 5 do av 1010 at
$5.75, 4 steers av 1047 at $7.75; to
Bray 2 cows av 1275 at $6.50; to Zeh-
ner P. Co. 1 steer wgh 570 at $6, 3 do
av 1083 at $7.75; 6 do av 1110 at $7.75,
3 do av 1220 at $7.70; to Ilammond, S.
& Co. 9 butchers av 511 at $6; to Ma-
son B. Co. 1 steer wgh 900 at $7, 1 cow
wgh 1050 at $5.50; to Kaniman 1 bull
wgh 560 at $5.

Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Mason B.
Co. 10 butchers av 755 at $6.50, 5 do
av 822 at $6.90; to Newton 13. Co. 5
cows av 1020 at $4.75, 8 stockers av
612 at $5.75, 2 steers av 790 at $6.40,
10 butchers av 554 at $5.50, 20 do av
757 at $6.50, 2 cows av 1100 at $6; to
Golden 2 do av 1150 at $4.75; to Ham-
mond, S. & Co. 11 steers av 961 at
$7.10, 1 bull wgh 1500 at $6, 1 do wgh
1870 at $6.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 8
steers av 1242 at $7.85; to Newton B.
Co. 16 butchers av 744 at $6.85, 2 cows
av 1100 at $5.85.

Veal Calves.

Receipts 1004. The veal calf trade
opened and closed full steady with last
week; a few choice grades brought
$11.75@12, but the bulk of the good
went at $10@11.50; common and medi-
um grades $7@9.50.

Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Sullivan P.
Co. 2 av 145 at $11.50, 2 av 195 at
$11.50; to Dunn 1 wgh 200 at $11.50, 3
av 160 at $11, 4 av 135 at $10.25; to
Parker, W. & Co. 10 av 131 at $11.50;
to Nagle P. Co. 9 av 150 at $11.50, 5
tav 150 at $11.75, 17 av 140 at $11.50.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan 1’. Co. 2
av 145 at $10.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts 1464. The supply of sheep
and lambs was very light and the qual-
ity common; a few small bunches of
good lambs brought $11, but the bulk
of sales was around $10.50. The close
was steady as follows: Best lambs
$10.75@11; fair do $10@10.50; light to
common lambs $8@8.75; yearlings
$9.25@10; fair to good sheep $7@7.50;
culls and common $5@6.

Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 53
lambs av 75 at $10.75, 24 sheep av 105
at $6.75; to Nagle P. Co. 12 do av 85
at $6.50.

Reason & S. sold Nagle P. Co. 13
lambs av 85 at $10.50, 12 sheep av 85
at $6.50, 5 lambs av 70 at $10.50, 56
do av 70 at $10.75.

Hogs.

Receipts 9515. The hog market is
very active and prices have been ad-
vancing rapidly for the past week; last
Thursday the top grades brought $8.90
@9, and at the same time this week
they were 50@55c higher, selling me-
dium and heavy at $9.50@9.55; mixed
$9.35@9.40; pigs $8@8.50. This is 10
@15c higher than on Wednesday.

T H E *‘M’i CH I GA'N“ ”FA RM E R

LIVE STOCK NEWS.

The course of the Chicago hog mar-

 

ket for many weeks has highly favor-

ed sellers, even during such weeks as
the receipts rose to enormous propor-
tions, with a liberal demand not only
from the big local packers, but also
from shippers to eastern packing
points. Long ago most of the eastern-
grown swine were marketed, and for
many weeks the east has been a very
large buyer in the Chicago market.
For a long period the unusual predom-
inance in the receipts of pigs of all

due to the scarcity and dearness of
good feeding corn resulted in these of-
ferings selling at a large discount,
while the slim showing of good heavy
shipping barrows caused these to sell
at an unusually generous premium. Re-
ceipts are still averaging much lighter
than in recent years, although there
has been an average gain of 18 lbs.
during the past month, and now the
choicest hogs of light weight are sell-
ing close to the prices paid for the best
heavies. It will be remembered that
as long ago as last October the big
packers were in a bearish mood and
were talking a sure drop to much low-
er prices. The break finally reached
a point where hogs sold on- a $6@6.50
basis, and many stocknien were so
alarmed that they hurried to let their
pigs go to market without delay. Then
the market started to go up, and the
upward trend has been proceeding for
a long time, with the best hogs selling
recently up to $9.20, values being much
higher than in most recent years, par-
ticularly last year.

Never in the past were the condi-
tions governing the hog trade more
favorable for stockmen than today, and
farmers who own plenty of good brood
sows and good numbers of healthy
pigs may well consider themselves as
highly fortunate, for prices have had
a wonderful advance. The demand
from all classes of buyers in the'var-
ious markets of the country keep up
remarkably well, and a short time
since prime offerings of barrows sold
on the Chicago market for $10.10 per
100 lbs, hog values-1 being the highest
touched at any time since April, 1910.
The big end of the last pig crop was
marketed some time ago, and from
now on high prices are generally ex-
pected, numerous predictions being
heard of further advances. The re-
ceipts are grading extremely well on
the whole, and the bulk of the offer-
ings are taken within a range of 15c,
the best light weights at last selling
on a level with the best heavy barrows,
such as are taken by shippers to east-
ern packing centers.

While the largest demand for stock
and feeding cattle may be expected af-
ter grass gets a fair start this spring.
yet there has been a very good trade
in such cattle of late in the various
markets of the country, and good tran-
sactions have taken place in the Chi-
cago market at ruling advanced prices,
the re-opening of the feeder outlet
working wonders. Farmers everywhere
realize the primary importance of do-
ing their share in the beef production
of the country, and they are naturally
averse to letting their pastures go to
waste, although here and there com-
plaints are heard concerning the high
prices asked for good steers adapted
for fattening for the future market.
There is just now a marked shortage
of cattle in most feeding districts of
the country, and in various quarters
farmers are showing considerable anx-
iety as to their chances for securing
needed supplies at what they regard as
fair prices. In many parts of the north-
ern corn belt states there is plenty of
corn, such as it is, but the grain is ser-
iously lacking in quality, and a great
deal of it is required to accomplish
much in fattening stock. In the south—
west it is learned that cattlemen are
holding out for last year’s prices for
all classes of feeders, with plenty offer-
ed for spring delivery to northern buy-
ers. In the northwest it has become
quite a serious problem how to furnish
feed through the long winter period,
which lasts at least six months of the
year, with rough feed much more cost-
ly than it used to be years ago. A lead-
ing stocknian of Minnesota stated that
in times gone by when clover and tim-
othy hay were not worth hauling to
the nearest town it made little differ-
ence how much of it was used on the
farm where grown. At that time straw
had no value, whereas now baled straw
is selling on the market at fair prices.
In order to furnish these feeds from
the latter part of October to the mid-
dle of May means a considerable cost
to the farmer who winters stock cat-
tle,.and no full feeding is done in that
region.

Could Have Sold Four More.
A. R. Graham, Flint, Mich., a few

 

weeks ago advertised a Holstein bull

calf for sale. He writes that the first
advertisement sold the calf and he
could have sold four more if he had
had them»

 

 

ages and sizes and underweight hogs

 

 

35—2111 .

 

SUDAN

be of

us to

 

for the Farm or Garden.

farms.

It has been endorsed by the Gov-
ernment Agricultural Agents.

It has given a good account of
itself in Kent County.

Every farmer in Western Michigan
should know more about this new
Forage plant.

The seed we offer is guaranteed to

GRASS

This new Forage plant is com-
manding the attention of thousands
of farmers in Michigan.

Two years trials have proven it to

great value on poor, sandy

be very high grade and free

from Johnson Grass.

Prices and samples upon applica-
tion “lVIailed Free.”

“'i'itc today for a copy of our new
seed catalog for 1916 which will give
you information of value.

SEED CORN——Don"t wait until planting
time,
have the opportunity.
have it ready when you want it. We have
but a limited amount of good well sclccted
l\lichigan (irown Seed ( torn. ‘Vllt’lt we have,
has been tested and found to be of very
high vitality and you can depend upon it.
Ask for prices and samples

FORAGE CRO PS—-VVe make a specialty
of seeds for forage crops.

Such as Alfalfa. Sweet Clover, Vetch, Cow
Peas, Soy Beans.
of our new catalog which will give you much
information of real value.
fill orders promptly for strictly high grade
Clover and Timothy.

If you cannot get our seeds through your local

secure your seed corn now while you
Put it away and

‘6

mailed free.”

Don’t fail to get a copy
We can always

Also all other seeds

dealer, send direct and we. will guarantee the safe arrival of same.

 

Alfred J. Brown Seed (30., GRAggflggms.

 

 

SEED CORN

1914 grown seed corn, 04% guaranteed germination. Write for free

sample and test it yourself ,
poor seed.

Supply not big.
Nearly all tests show weak germination for 1915 grown corn.

Don’t take chances on

SUDAN GRASS

\Vrite for catalogue describing this wonderful annual hay crop.

JONES SEED COMPANY

GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGAN

 

Minnesota Grown Early Ohios $4.00 per 150 pound Sack.
E C. BAKER & SONS, Jackson, Mich. RM. Jackson SilVillKH Hunk. Produce Reporter (‘o., (‘hicago‘

SEED POTATOES

Cash with order. Spring delivery, order now

 

 

Millions of Trees
PLANTS, VINES, ROSES, ETC.

The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in
Michigan. Send for catalog. Prices reasonable.

I. E. ILGENFRITZ’ SONS CO.,
The MONROE NURSERY. Monroe. Hich

 

 

 

 

2 Yr. Apple Trees, .6 to 7 it. $12 per 100
Thousands of peach, pcar,pluni,(-herryandquiiicc and
all small fruits at wholesale prices. Catalog free.
Jno.V\'. Finn‘s Wholesale Nurseries, Dansville, ). Y.

PEICII IND IPPLE TREES 32%?fiaptilcfiii‘cebfi’t‘ful‘fi
berries, Raspberries, Blackberries and Grapes.
Catalogue free. Alleiis Nurseries. Geneva, Ohio.

 

 

Plant Trees Grown at

Monroe, Michigan

If you want. vigorous, hardy stock. if you want reli-

able varieties, if you want reasonable prices and

satisfaction with your purchase, send for a. catalog

and secure your trees and plants from

THE MICHIGAN NURSERY COMPANY

Winkworth 8 Bone, Monroe. Elohim
. Grower. for Sixty-seven Years.

 

 

 

,

 

nurus B. HOLMES on.

High and Rlopelle Sta. Detroit. Mich.

I I
Commissmn Merchants
l’oultry, Live or Dressed, Dressed llogs. (‘alves.
Slump :iiidllggs. ltvlcrciwo. Peninsular Savings
Bank, Sullivan Packing t‘o. Shipments Solicitcd.
Satislat-tiou Guaranteed.

 

Ship your good quality to us.
Highest. Market Prlces.
E. L. Richmond (30., Detroit.

HA OUR NEW LOCATION—
623-625 Wabash Bldg.. Pittsburgh. Pa.
Daniel McCaffrey'a Sons Co.

TH E HARI’S’I‘ER COMMISSION 00., Union Stock
Yards, Toledo, 0., Sell live stock on commission,
get highest prices and best fills. Daily
market, force of six looks after yo I: 1' interest.
hinancmlly backed by over $1,000.0(X).

F‘RMEns—We will pay premiums whenever ssible
_ above the highest official Detroit arket
Quotation for your e gs shipped direct to as by ex.
ress. Write us for information. It will pay you.
etlcan Butter & Cheese 00.. Detroit. Mich,

EGGS "C 41113“ consignments from

_. I - producersin ‘your territory
bring yer attractive prices. eturne day of

O arrival. efer to Dun or Bradstreet. Zenith
Butter 8: Egg Co. 355-59 Greenwich St.. New York.N.Y

 

 

 

Try them.


 

 
 

”Jfiis Id" . ,
1': all about- "
omforl;

in 5115. enders

Three million wise men have Found
a. suspender which is comfortable—
which leaves their shoulders free for
work or rest or play yet helpsclothea
fit and gives long, honest service.

You know the name :

Shirley
President
Suspenders 5%

For eighteen years nation-

wide advertising has chal-

lenged you to join the army of men
who know what comfort means. join
it now--you risk nothing, for every
pairis guaranteed to give satisfac—
tion or your money back—and
you're the judge.

Remember: ShirleyPresidenl means

  
    
  
 
  
    
    
  

President Suspender Co. ,
Shirley, Moss. 3‘

 

   
   
     
   
 

QUALITY

SOME NEW SEED
grown in a virgin district—full of
vitality—making strong, produc-
tive plants, bearing large pods
filled with big, juicy ens, sue
as you used to grow. Phase and
hundreds of other high-grade Gar-
den and Farm Seeds described in
our Illustrated Catalog, mailed
Free if you will only ask for it.

it also contains the Most Generou-
Oomhinntion Ollers ever made. affording
a chance to try seeds from some of the
world‘s most famous growers at a nom-
inal cost. Plant DePUY’S SEEDS us FIRST
A") to (300" CROPS.
The c. E. DoPuy Co..Pontlae,Mlcll.

 

  

NO STUMPS too big. Get the
richest, most productive land
Into crops. Make more money.
Hercule: on 30 days’ free trial.
Three-year guaranty. Safe
and fast. Send post card for
free book. Introductory
price Oder now.

"ERCULES MFG. CO.
937 24th Street
CENTERVILLE. IOWA

non scans

u§ coon As our BE onow
. is: Prices Below All Others
" I will give a lot of new
sorts free with every order
I fill. Buy and test. Return
If not 0. K.—money refunded.
Big Catalog FREE

Over 700 illustrations of vege-
tables and flowers. Send yours
and your neighbors’ addresses.

R. H. SHUMWAY. Rockford, Ill.

 

 

 

THE' MICHIGAN FARMER‘“

«allIlll|lllI|lIlllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIll|lllIlllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi

Grange.

EWMHHIUHHlllllllllllIllllllilllmmllllillWilllllllflllllllg

Our Motto:—“The farmer is of more
consequence than the farm, and should
be first improved.”

,1]

lIllllllllllllllllllllll
llllllllllllllllllllllllllll

 

STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.

 

Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.

Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecumseh.
'Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan-
sing.

Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.

Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.

Executive Committee—C. S. Bart-
lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton, Fruit
Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover: W.
F. Taylor, Shelby; Wm. H. Welsh,
Sault Ste. Marie; N. P. Hull, Dimon—
dale; Burr Lincoln, Harbor Beach.

lllllllllllllllllllllllillllllIlllllllllll’llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHHllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll

MENDON UNITED WELFARE ASSO-
CIATION CORN SHOW.

One of the finest community projects
in Michigan has recently been held in
Mendon. It was the fourth annual
Corn Show under the auspices of the
Mendon United Welfare Association.

History of Association.

Four years ago Mendon Grange con-
ceived the idea of holding a corn show.
After due consideration a committee
was appointed to confer with the busi-
ness men and arrange for a show. The
idea was new to many and some oppo-
sition was found, but with the finan-
cial support of business men the
Grange succeeded in holding a corn
show of one day.

The second year horses and poultry
were added and a very successful two-
day show was held. By this time op-
position was a thing of the past and
plans were laid for a bigger and better

 

 

show than ever. The third annual fair

You know how unsatisfactory iaroused‘ so‘ much enthusiasm that in-
your Garden Peas have been the lstcad of the Grange and busmess men
past few years. Why Not Try [alone conducting the ShOW, other or-
.‘ganizations were asked to assist, and
fas a result three days were devoted to
icorn, horse, poultry, baby and fancy

work exhibits.
The first year the idea originated in
the Grange and assisted by the Busi-

ness Men’s Club.

The second year the Grange, Busi-

iness men’s Club and a few individuals
“neither in the Grange or in the Men’s

Club, were responsible for the show.

The third year the Grange, Business
Men. School, VVoman’s Clu-b, Churches
of all demoninations, and other organ-
izations were united to make a splen-
did show in Mendon. For the first time
in the history of Mendon, last year
saw all classes of people united 'in
thought and action to accomplish
something for the common good in
Mendon and vicinity.

Other organizations and other places
in the state hold their annual fairs or
corn shows, but we believe Michigan
has the rare distinction of being the
only place where all organizations are
united to develop all phases of rural
and civil life, both by exhibit and on
the platform. Much emphasis is plac-
ed on the program, both day and night,
for only by united action can the

 

forces of the state and nation be
ibrought to a small place like ours.
5 Objects.

The primary object was, of course,
‘to raise the standard and quality of
corn in Mendon and vicinity. The re-
‘sult has been surprising during the
,last three years, not so much in the
lcorn, but in the development of the
lunity of thought and action among the
people themselves. There is strength
iin unity, so much good can be accom-
lplished by unity along all lines of en-
.deavor for the upbuilding of the com-
jmunity. The ultimate or real object
10f the new “United Welfare League”
{will be the development of the commu-

Jnity along the lines, of health, charac-

ter and finance by the use of exhibit,

SUDAN GRASS 9,513.5 Hill, 333 ffiitivav§°€§§trihgnmiliepliii

Northem-grown—Extrn Fine Qualit —Very Pure—Free
Johnson Grass—High Germmation. 0 not fail to plant
this wonderful forage crop this season. Heavy hay ro-
ducer; equal to cane-quality far superior. Exec enl:
pasture, not affected by drouth. Cheap to plant and
grows abundantly either wet or dry—on nil sods—no
allure. Write today for circular an loo-page catalog

and Free Sample. It will pay you big.
A. A. BERRY SEED 00. Box 1231 CLARINDA, IOWA

 

 

FOR 5 A L I: : gargantuan
Lucy O'Harrow. Clarksvllle. Mich.

'0
offer that will unite us as on people
for boosting Mendon and vicinity.

The meeting this year was held on
January 11-12-13, and an after-meeting
on January 14.

When I arrived on the evening
of the first day, I found the Opera

‘House, which seats about 500, filled
3 with an interested audience—children,

young people, and adults.

The next morning, in spite of the
heavily falling rain, I visited the ex-
hibit rooms and found them thronged
with visitors. There was a fine ex-

lhibit of corn and grains that filled a

t

.Dora Stockman.

fair-sized room. One building on the
main street of the town was housing,
a fine exhibit of poultry. Another
building had a farm machinery exhibit.
The ladies exhibited canned fruit, bak-
ed goods, and there was an unusually
large exhibit of needlework. One room
was devoted to paintings and pastels.
The school children had work from
most of the grades and from the high
school. '

One special feature that was very
popular was a series of booths put up
by the merchants showing new and
old-time household equipment. Coffee,
cocoa, hot biscuits and other eatables
were dispensed, advertising their
wares. Exhibits showing new things i
for caring for the baby were especially
helpful. There was a model dining-
room, and food exhibits showing the
comparative value of common food-
stuffs. »

' The baby Show was a great attrac-
tion. This was carried on, on the new
lines, with doctors and nurses to score
the little ones. Altogether, about $300
was awarded in prizes. '

The following program was carried
out with some extras:

Tuesday.

Music. Invocation, Rev. Wright. Ad-
dress of welcome, Judge Yaple. Re-
sponse, Mrs. H. L. McClellan. An-
nouncements, President. Lecture, by
Mrs. O. J. C. Woodman.

Evening.~Music. Lecture, Hon. J.
C. Ketcham.

 

  

y
‘l.

‘ga

‘\

Sold Parent). fpuiis 9,111.12
WWW

GREATEST value I have ever
offered. All sizes pull from 30
to 50 per cent over factory rating.
Sturdy and dependable; Built by ex-

perts; Lowest cost of operation.

90 in which totrythis engine. All
Days sizes, Kerosenmefigasoginoa,

2 to - . n

Easy Terms out for yourself

that WITTE engines are not "cheap" engines,

but are high quality engines priced low.

Use one on your farm—try it out thoroughly-

and let me know your decision.
All sizes less than $17.50 per H-P.

THIiEOOKfifiEEK

  
   

 

   

. Learn "lgiside" facts labfllt 7 ; [l
ween usmesc. Fri] 0 n- .
tetestgginformation.
EUJIJ'II'ITE, WIITE EIIGIIE WORKS
2195 (Ilkl Av... hum cm. Mo.
2196 Emilie Bldg, Pittsbutxh- h.

    

 

Wednesday—Boys’ and Girls’ Rally

 

 

Day.

Boys’ and Girls’ Club Work, Prof.
E. C. Lindeman.

Opera House.—Music, Sturgis Boy
Scout Band. Boy Scout lecture, Clar-
ence Mills. Girls’ Camp Fire lecture,
Miss Margaret Linsey. Home Econom-
ics, Miss Dora Stockniaii. Cattle lec~
ture, Colon Lillie. Poultry lecture,
Judge Van Horn.

Evening—Music, piano solo, Mildred
George. Lecture, Play Activities in
Rural Life, Prof. Lindeman. Music,
vocal solo, Isabel Quale.

Thursday.

Baby judging; horse and automobile
parade. Dinner. Baby Show at Opera
House. Judging of horses at Yaple’s
barn. Lecture, Care of Babies and
General Child Hcaiih. Lecture on the
horse, Ellis McFarland. Home Eco-
nomics, Mrs. Dora Siockman, Dr. Kane
and Mrs. W. Cavin. A Successful C0-
operative Association, Wm. Sheldon.

Evening—Music, Fred Woodworth,
Morris Bowman. Entertainment. Lec-
ture, “A Rural Hero,” Rev. C. .
Oberlin.

Even then the people were not ready

  
  
  
    

 
  
   

Every pound of
_ material you buy under
this brand is full strength, uni-
form quality lime. It. will go fur-
ther toward correcting sour soil than
any other lime you can secure.
Ground Lump Lime, Hydrated Lime Ind
Ground Limestone (absolutely dry).

Write For 24 Pa Li
Book FREE. 8. mo

  

       
       
   
  

   
 
     
  

   

 

in: nun ism um: & mission"
907 Leader-News Bldg” -' - - Cleveland, OH.

 

 

to stop, and especially for the country,
people who could not get in on Wed- AER l0" LTUHAL llME

nesday, because of the well-nigh im-
passible roads, an extra session was
held Friday. This was attended by
over 300.

The president of the association is

The Strongest in Ohio

See Ohio Official Report.

The Scioto Lime & Stone Co.,

Delaware. Ohio.

Verne Olney, a farmer, and the Pomo- FREE SAMPLES AND BOOKLET upon mu I

na Lecturer of this county. The secre-
tary and treasurer, Mr. Robinson and
Mr. Estes, are business men of the
town. There is a board of six direc-
tors, with Mr. Roy Olney as chairman,
assisted by efficient committees for the
various activities represented.

The main features of the program
were given at the Opera House and at
three of these sessions over 500 were
seated and many standing.

for this is the big community event
of the year. Even the schools are dis-
missed for the afternoon sessions. And
everybody works to make it one of the
“Best Ever” meetings in Michigan.—

AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.

 

Gratiot Pomona Grange met Febru-
ary 19, with Arcada Grange, meeting
early enough to enjoy a fine pot—luck
dinner. A fifth degree meeting was
also held. In the afternoon the lectur-
er produced a good program of music,
recitations, and an excellent address
on “flange Life Assurance Associa-
tion” was given by Brother Willard E.
King, of Lansing. This address was a

 

FOR SALE

CARBONATE 0F LIME

Running 98% urea This lime is In ideal condition for
applying to t 6 soil, either mechanically or by hand.
\I rite for prices in car lots or in small quantities.

L. I. du Pont tie Nemoum & 00., Bay City. Mich.

—You should get thehichest grade
or limestone manufactured. Buy
it upon the basis of analysis. We
manufacture the highest grade pul-

verized limestone sold in ichl on.
Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis. I

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian RIvor. Mich.

Pulverized lime rock for “sour"

soils. Write for LOW PRICES

DIRECT TO YOU and we will
LA

 

 

send sample and full portion-
lars. Write tooillco nearest you.

KE SHORE STONE COMPANY.
Muskegon. Mich.. and Benton Harbor. Mich

LIMESTONE

For general farm use. Finely pulverized. mode from highest
high calcium stone. nick shipments in closed cars Let us send
sample and price. orthern Lime Co... PotolkeyJVIich.

 

'. _ “lore Potatoes”

From ground planted secured
by use of The KEYSTONE
POTATO PLANTER than
by any other method of
planting. Work perfectly”-
curate, A simple. strong,
durable machine. W r l to
' for CATALOG, price. etc.
A. J. PLATT. MFR.
BOX J STERLIN

 
 
  
 

  

 
 
 
 
  
 

 
 

 

rare treat, as Mr. King is a well in—
formed man, a very pleasant speaker,
with plenty of wit and enthusiasm.
Brother Redman had charge of the
question box, and many interesting
topics were discussed. Pomona Grange
sitands strong for state-wide prohibi-
t on.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

I

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

37—413

 

  

 

MARCH 18, 1916.
Elulillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli - J—
;E; a E i
;_; Farmers Clubs 3 “REE 8.9
ElllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIillllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllfi \‘ c . I PI N E R E E ‘7
Address all communications relative fl J ’a l
to the organization of new Clubs to ‘ v.3...»-
Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich. L3: ;' IR n N D
I .‘ I): -

UNION MEETINGS.

 

From a number of localities have
come reports of union meetings joined
in by two or more Farmers’ Clubs.
These meetings are profitable, as all
will attest who have participated in
meetings of this character. In some
counties, county organizations have
been profitably maintained, but where
the county organization is not practi-
cable, it will prove mutually beneficial
to hold union meetings with adjacent
Clubs, as is being done in many com-
munities at the present time.

ANNUAL CLUB BAN—CUET.

The annual banquet of the Howell
Farmers’ Club is an event looked for-
ward to with anticipation by all the
members of the Club, even those who
do not find it convenient to attend any
other meetings during the year. This
year the banquet was held in the
Ladies: Club rooms and dinner was
served by the ladies of the M. E.
church at noon and was well done.
Plates were laid for 135 and vacant
places were hard to find. The dinner
over, the president of the Club. S. M.
Yerkes, introduced as toastniaster, Jay
Tooley, who set the ball rolling at once
with a few well chosen remarks. Music
was furnished for the occasion by the
orchestra.

The first speaker introduced was
Mrs. Roy Lennen. of Cohoctah, with
the toast, "The Modern Priscilla.” The
modern farmer’s wife prepares the
meals, takes care of the house as of
old, but she does more than that now.
With new improvements about the
house she finds time to attend church,
lectures, chautauquas, clubs, etc. She
is not in the kitchen all the time. The
home is her first duty, after that she
should have recreation and pastime.
She should have some responsibility as
to affairs about the home. The speak-
er closed with Soloman’s definition of
the discreet woman in proverbs.

The next toast was given in his us-
ual thoughtful manner by Robert R.
Smith on “American Progress.” He
traced the history of travel from the
0x cart in the time of our fathers to
the automobile and pointed forward to
the flying machine. In other lines
farming, electricity, navigation, etc.,
progress was equally marked. At first
96 per cent were farmers, now not
more than 50 per cent of the people
are engaged in the best of all occupa-
tions, farming. We are a. progressive
people and we will keep on to even bet-
ter things in the future.

“The Michigan Farmer,” not a paper
but the real article, was ably and
pleasantly handled by Mrs. Ed Hough-
taling. The farmer is as far removed
as he can be from vice and the things
that degrade. The methods of the past
will not do now. The modern farmer
must use his head as well as his hands,
must be a business farmer, looking af-
ter the selling end of his business as
well as the production. He should be
a man of high ideals, educated and
above all should have an interest in
his fellow man. Money is not every-
thing, even in farming.

Hugh A. McPherson gave an instruc-
tive and interesting talk on “Thrift.”
Most of us have learned thrift in the
school of experience, of necessity, but
what about the next generation. They
must be taught to save. In the city
wages are higher but saving is more
difficult than in the country. In Scot-
land farmers taught their boys to do
better than their fathers had done.
Real thrift does not mean saving every
dollar and doing without the necessi-
ties and comforts of life, but rather a
judicious use of the money. Syste-
matic saving will accomplish much.
Let the children have savings accounts
in the bank in their own name and
teach them to deposit their pennies in
place of spending them foolishly. A
saving of $5 per week at the legal in-
terest will amount to $1,123.68 in five
years. Then, too, thrift concerves pa-
triotism.

“Why Should the Spirit of Mortal be
Proud?” This toast was responded to
by Prosecuting At orney Willis Lyons.
He began with t e text and closed
with the text, and between being filled
with strictly new stories to illustrate
the various ups and downs of mortals.
The audience was kept in an uproar
for ten or fifteen minutes while they
were absorbing a better opinion of the

.ordinary mortal. The program was
pleasantly interspersed with music and
readings.’ ’ j

 

 

 

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I‘ f.

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. . ‘». NW“ , : l '\
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“Al/"W The AIberI Dickinson 00-;

MINNEAPOLIS

I'I' STANDS ALONE

TIMOTHY SEED

Extra Recleaned and Pure
At Moderate Price~

For Sale by a” Dealers or Write

CHICAGO

 

 

 

Michigan Farmer’s club List.

For the benefit and convenience of
our subscribers we have arranged the
following list of papers. Besides the
money saved they save the trouble
and expense of sending each order
separately.

EXPLANATION—The first column
gives the paper’s regular subscription
price. The second column price is for
the Michigan Farmer and the other
paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents
when the Michigan Farmer is wanted
three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan
Farmer is wanted five years. All combi-
nation orders may be handed to our
agents or sent to us, as is most con-
venient.

Write for prices on publications not
listed.

Subscribers to the Michigan Farmer
whose time is not up for one year or
more, may have as many other papers
as wanted by deducting 50 cents from
the second column price. This takes
care of those who subscribed for three
or five years a year or two ago.

We send sample copies of the Mich-
igan Farmer only.

Mention if you are a new or re-
newal subscriber. Renewals Will be
dated ahead from their present date.

See oxpllnn
tion above

 

NAME OF PUBLICATION.

 

  
    

 

 

 

 

Daily. (6 a Week) on R. F. I). only. 8 8
Free Press, Detroit. 2 50 2 50
Journal. Detroit ............. . 2 70 2 70
Times. Detroit................ . 200200
Herald Grand Rapids. Mich.. 2 50 2 50
News, Grand Rapids.............. .. 200209
Presa.Gi-and Rapids............... ”203220
Courier-Herald. Saginaw,Mich. .. 2 50 2 50
News. Baginaw.................. . 200200
Tribune. Bay City. Mich... 2 (I) 2 10
Blade Toledo. Ohio............. . 2 00 I. 05
News-lice. Toledo. 0hio...... . 2 00 ‘2 00
State Journal. Lansing. Mich ............ 2 00 2 Oil
Trl Weekly Newspaper.
World. N. Y.. City .......................... 1 00 l 20
Seml Weekly Newspaper-
Journal. Detroit. Mlch-...... .... ........ 110 1 25
Weekly Newspaper-

Blade. Toledo. ()hio........... .... . 1 00 1 00
Commoner, Lincoln-Nob .................. 1 00 1 05
Enquirer. Cincinnati. 0. ...... 100 1 05
Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry. etc.
American Bee Journal. Hamilton, Ill.(w) 1 001 05
American Poultry Journal. Chicago, (111) 1 00 1 20
American Poultr Advocate. Byraciise, 50 75
American Sheep reeder. Chicago (m).. l 00 1 35
American Swineherd. Chicago. (in) ..... 50 75
Breeder-9' Gazette. Chicapo. (w) .......... 1 00 1 4.5
Green's Fruit Grower. Rochester. (m.).. 50 70
Hoard's Dairyman. Fort Atkinson, “'15. l 00 1 20
Jersey Bulletin, Indianapolis. Ind. (w) 1 00 l 35‘
Kimball's Dairy Farmer. Waterloo. Ia.

(s-m) ..................................... 25 70
Poultry Keeper. Quincy. 111. (m) ......... 50 70
Poultry Success, Springfield. 0. (m) ..... 50 75
Reliab 0 Poultry Journal.Qnincy.Ill.(m) 50 75
Swine Breeder-3' Journal, Indianapolis"

Ind. (s-m) 50 80
Michigan Poultry Breeder (mo).......... 50 70

opular Iazzlneo.
Everybodys Ma, azine N. Y. City. (In)... 1 50 1 60
Etude, Philade phia. Era. (in) ............. 1 50 1 so
McClni-es. Magazine. N. Y. City. (m).... l 00 1 50
Musician. Boston. Mass. (in .............. 1 50 1 55
National Sportsman Boston. Mass. (in) l 00 1 15
People‘s Home Journal. N. Y. City. (in) 50 %
Peo le’s Po ular Monthly.DeMoines, Ia. 2') (15
Re Book agazine. Chicago. Ill. m).. 1 501 55
Review of Reviews, N. Y. O ty. (in) ...... 3 00 3 00
Ladloo' or Household.

Delineator. N Y. City. (in) ............... 1 50 1 80
Designer. N. Y. City. (ml---- --- --- 75 1 05
Housewife. N. Y. City (1113 50 80
Ladies World. New York City (in) ........ 1 00 1 25
McCall’s Magazine and Free Pattern.

N. Y. 01 y. m 50 '76
Mother's Mam. Elgin. 111. (m)........... 1 50 l 55
Pictorial Review N. Y. City. (1111.... 1 50 l 50
Today's Magazine and Free Pattern (in). 50 70

oman's Home Companion. N.Y.City. m 1 50 1 30
Womans World. Chicago. (in) ............ 35 W

Relic‘louc and Juvenile.

American Boy. Detroit Mich. (m1 ....... 1 00 l 50
Boys Magazine. Bmethport. Pa (in) ...... 1 00 75
Little Folks. Salem, Mass. (in) .......... l (X) 90
Young People's Weekly, El gin. Ill. tw.) '15 90
Youth- Oompimion. Boston. Mann..." 2 00 I 26

 

SPECIAL BARGAIN CLUBS

IVs have arranged here a list of special bargain combinations which will save

you considerable on your reading matter.

No substitution of other magazines which

are the same price can be made. You must take the entire combination as it is. You
can make up your own club from the club list. if none of these suit you.

Orders may be sent direct to us or through any of our agents.
Address all orders to the Michigan Farmer or hand to our agents.

ber.

Order by num-

EXPLANATION—Wk means the paper comes each week mo m
-. - ‘ . . ‘ ‘ . - can -
monlhybI-lnm' sefmihmonthly. Dailies on R. F. D. only. 8 Bath
)u 1s iers 0 0t er papers will not allow us to quote their a er sin 19 at l q
than there regular prices, but Subscribers to the Michigan Fttl‘llllell? whoseg term 418:;

not expire for 1 year or more will be allowed reduced
time if they Will write us the ones wanted,

wanted not in the clubs they select.

prices on other papers at. any

this also applies when other papers are

NO'I E—Tlio Michigan Farmer is figured in “Our Price” at the '
- . .. ., _ . ' H ec1
price of only M for .1 years, 00 cents only may be deducted if the Michgga: 1133;331:180;

is wanted for but 1 year.

 

 

No. 1.
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25
,Boys' Magazine, mo ............. 1.00
The Ladies’ World, mo ......... 1.00
Regular price ................ $3.25

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.65

No. 2.
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25
The American Boy, mo .......... 1.00
Woman’s World, mo ................ 35

American Poultry Advocate, mo.. .50

Regular price $310

OUR PRICE ONLY $2.00

_ No. 3.
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

 

 

 

 

American Poultry Advocate, mo.. .50
The Ladies’ World, mo.......... 1.00
Regular price ...... $2.75
OUR PICE ONLY $1.60
No. 4.
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25
Pictorial Review, mo ............ 1.50
Boys’ Magazine. mo ............. 1.00
Regular price ................ $3.75
OUR PRICE ONLY $1.80
. . No. 5.
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25
Youths’ Companion, wk ......... 2.00
McCall’s Mag. and Pattern, mo.. .50
Poultry Success, mo....- ........ .50
Regular price .............. .$4.25
OUR PRICE ONLY $2.95
No. 6.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25
American Swineherd and book, mo .50

 

McCall‘s Magazine & Pattern, mo .50
Poultry Success, mo ............. .50
Regular price ................ 32—75
OUR PRICE ONLY $1.75
No. 7.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25
Choice of any daily in Detroit
or Grand Rapids except Detroit
News ................ $2.00 to

$2.50
People’s Popular Monthly. . . . . . . . .25

Everyday Life, mo.............. .25
Woman’s World, mo............ .35
Regular price ................ $4.60

OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00

 

No. 8.
Michigan Farmer 3 rs. ..
Mothers’ Magazin’e, 310.: .w.k. . :Iflgg
McCall’s Mag. and Pattern, mo.. .50
Ladies’ World, mo....... 1.00

__

Regular price $425

OUR PRICE ONLY $2.15

No. 9.
Michigan Farmer 3 rs. wk
Choice of either: , y ' ”$1.25
Breeders’ Gazette, American
Sheep Breeder, Hoard’s Dairy-

 

man ...................... .. .
Poultry Success, mo............ 1%3
Boys’ Magazine, mo.n..........1:00
Ladies’ World, mo.....u.......1.00

Regular price $475

OUR PRICE ONLY $2.70

No. 10.
Michigan Farmer, 3 rs. wk..... .
Today's Magazine, th)ey 'also give$125
choice of one May Manton pat-
tern free with first issue ...... .50
Poultry Success, mo ............. .50
Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00

 

Regular price $325

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.65

No. 11.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk..... 125
Any Detroit Daily (except the$

 

News) ....................... 2.50
Poultry Success, mo ............. 50
chs’ Magazine, mo ...... . ...... 1:00
People’s Popular Monthly ....... .25

Regular price ..... $5.50

OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00

 

No. 12.
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.... $1.25

Any Grand Rapids Daily, 1 yr.. 2.00
Kimball’s Dairy Farmer, S.-mo .. .25
Reliable Poultry Journal, mo..“ .50
People’s Popular Monthly ........ .25

Regular price .............$4.25

OUR PRICE. 011 Y $3.00

ATTENTION—On any one of these
combinations you save the price of
the Michigan Farmer three years and
on some considerably more.

 

 

The Michigan Farmer in these Clubs is figured for 3 years. Talie'this into con-
sideration when comparing with Club prices oifered by others.

 


 

414 -38
BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us
Ten Days before date of publication.

SPECIAL NOTICE

Registered Holstein Females for
Sale.

Our present farm being more valuable
for real estate than dairy farming, we
are going to dispose of fifty females—
most y heifers and young cows. Some
are sired by the rea't bull “Pledge
Spoffard Calamity aul” and many are
in calf to him. We offer in this sale

randdau hters of Pontiac Korndyke,
Elengerve (1 De K01, Pontiac Butter

 

B0123 etc.

hey are priced to sell.

no tuberculosis in herd.
An opportunit not often offered to

buy this kind. lé‘arm at foot of West

Genesee Street and City Limits.

ESPANORE FARM
IANSING - - MlCAlGAN

CHASE S. Osnonx
A r
ADAM E. FI-llitil'SON Owne S

Dispersion Sale

Registered Holstein Cattle
Wednesday, March 22, 1916.

’Iliirtv head of (‘lli)l('0 cattle with the best of AIR.
0. bui'king. Among them avsplendid lot of bull
calves from tested diinis. A great opportunity for
the mun who will want it bull for next fall ser-
vice. There. are, twenty females with records
from 15.0 lbs. butter, 7 days :Isjr. two yr. old to
21.52 lbs. as nuiture cow. ()ne year‘s time on
upproved notes ill. 6% interest. Stile. held at. farm
1‘2 miles East of iluslett \vhieh is H uiiles North~
east oiliiinsing on M. l'. '1‘. Write. ioi‘catulog to

Barber & Jenkins,
HASLETT, MICHIGAN.

Absolutely

 

 

 

CATTLE.

ABERDEEN ANGUS

If you are in noodof nnoxtra good bull or ii few choice

young cows or heifers, we have them for Sale. ()ur
herd is headed by the, (iruiid (lhuliipion Black
Monarch 3rd. “'0 invite you to come. to our li‘ill'nl Zill’d
see them. They iil‘t: bred right, and priced right. 1’. L.
Clark, iluiiters (Iroek, Mich. Sidney Smith. Mgr.

 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS

HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.
TROJAN - ERICAS iiiid BLACKBIRDS only.
Also breeders of Percheron. Hockney and Saddle

Horses. . .
“'OODCO'I‘E STOCK FARM. 1011111, Mich.

Four young bulls also young
cows and heifers. l'lxll‘il. good.
Wilbcr, (‘lio, Mich

Aberdeen Angus

Priced rasoiuiblc. Inquire I“. .1.

till SALE-ell Angus bulls-9 months and older._ in-
rluding our herd bull. Also ii i'ew cons and heI lers‘.
Geo. Hathaway & Son. Ovid, Mich.

two registered bulls. 1(l months

Aberdeen in us,

 

old, good ones. for qiiiek so e,
price $110. ILSON BROS. Luke Ann. Mich.
‘YBSHIREs—One of the foremost dairy breeds. The

most economical milk producers. Calves

for sale. White Leghorn cockerels; Duroo Jersey
swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint-.111 ichlgnn.

THE VILLAGE FARM,
Grass Lake, Michigan,
GUERNSEY CATTLE.

 

M11.()1).(3AMI’BELL (Tllil-‘s‘. J. ANU EVINE

BEACH - FARM
GUERNSEYS

No Tuberculosis Or Abortion

\\'e 211‘“ oil'ei‘ing ll. number of line Registered cows
for stile. Some of these cows have finished their
A. it. test. and others soon will with records from
4(K9tot12lllbs.oi tut in one ye:ii‘.\\'e also have iteg.
Bull calves from .\.1{.cows for stile, alsooiie, llull

 

old enough for service wliose, ilzini‘s record is
o\'er 0'20 lbs. of fat as u 4‘31 year old.
CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE
Coldwater, Michigan.
GU E R NS EY ERUEGEEJIAE. ling

tainin

Con blood of world champions.
HICKS’ OUER . 8.. Mich.

SEY FARM . Saginaw.

- re . forsale,Waterv1iet,Mi<-h. May Bose
GUCInseys 3 Seven A. R. cows in herd.
Address J. K. Blatchford, Auditorium Tower. Chicago, Ill.

VONDALE Guernsey bulls all sold. Sorry to dis-
4 appoint. those wishing ourstoek. Only registered
bull calvesleft. Avondale Stock Farm. Wayne, Mich.

of service age and calves from
Guernsey Buns choice. Adv. reg. breeding.
T. V. HICKS, Route 1. Battle Ceeek, Mich.

 

 

Six months old A. R. breedin .

611811133! Bu" ca" Alsoagood Collie dog. g
“G. A. WIGENT, Watervliet, Mich.

for sale from A. R. dams.

Guernso I 1 2-yr.-old bull and 3 bull

calves. Geo. N. rawford. Holton. Mich. #_,

THE,MICHIQA

Best Blood Lines.

in Michigan we have him for sale.

N FNA R MER

Duroo Jersey Bears and Sows
BROOKWATERS’ WINNING COMBINATION

Individual Merit.

This is our record, one which we shall maintain. Choice fall and spring pigs and mature stock. Send for
our new circular and state your wants. Write or better come. If you Wish one of the best young Jersey bulls

Prices that will make you money.

Breakwater Farm, Swine Dept, Ann Arbor, Mich.

 

Don’t stop to write, come an see them
LONG EACH

Re istered yearling Guernsey
For Sale: n. l .1... nun 0.1.... Write
JOHN EBELS. HOLLAND, MICH. R. No.10.

5 HANDSUME HULSTEIN BULLS, READY FDRSEHVIGE

All world record breeding. Burns full, so will reduce price on each 25‘ over fall prices. for 30 days.

FARM. Augusta. Kalamazoo 00,. Mich.

E0 . Holstein Bulls mo. old. Dam 23.73 Butter dam of
FlintBurtlusca Pauline 5.96 milk, 28.51 Butter in 7
days at 2 years. Priced right. John A. Riiilre,Warren,lllicli,

 

AT Farmers' Prices I’cgistered Guernsey Bull calves from
A.IR.. dams and dams being tested. If intercstcd write for
photo, breeding and price. Byers &. Barnes, Goldwater, Lich.
UERNSEY Bull old enough for light service. afew
good bull calves—all o t of n Sen Pauline Spottswood—AJLO.
7461M. fat-prices rcasonable.-l. M.\\'illiuiiis,Nortli Adams, Mich.

Herefords—3 Bull Calves

ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW, MICH

 

Purebred Registered
, H 0 L S T E l N
GATT L E

Holsteins, the best dual purpose breed.

The Michigan, Iowa and Nebraska State Experi—
ment Stations report, that in their competitive tests
the Helstcins made a larger gniii pcr steer at a. less
cost per pound of either roughage or grain than any
of the other breeds. As voluminous and profitable
milk producers and as valuable bcci animals when
their milking days are over, purebred I'Iolsteins are
firmly established as the world'sleziding dual pur—
pose cows. Investigate the big “Black-and—
Whites."

Sand for: FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklets
'l‘he Holstein—Friesian Association 01 America
F. L. Houghton. Sec‘y.. Box 164. Braillcboro. Vi.

Do You Want A Bull?

Ready For Service.

From a grand daughter of The King of the
Pontincl.
brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the
World. and whose dam is a, 30 lb. 6% it fat daughter
of Pontiac Aggie Borndylgewho has more 30 lb.
daughters than any other lIVIng bull, If you do
write for pedigree.

EDWIN s. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.
FOR SALE

SOML‘ VERY FINE YOUNG BULLS '
W'hose sires have. as high as 31 lbs. of butter behind
them. As they are young, will nizilie a low price on
them. BIGEIAHV’S IIOLS'I‘EIN FARMS.
BREEDSVILLE. MICH.

HATCH HERD

 

 

 

 

 

YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN
Registered Holstein-Friesian sires, grandson‘s of
“'orld's greatest dairy sire, out. of choice A. It ()

dams and King Pontiac Jewel Korndyko; Ill‘othpr of
K. 1’. Pontiac Lass 44.1.3; average record of fill dams in
his pedigree. 31.2.") in 7 days: average per cent of fat.
three iienrest dams 4.37: of his own dzim 4.93. Sires in
first three generations already have, over 6110 A. ll. 0.
daughters. A few females bred to “King". Prices
reasonable.

ALL READY FOR SERVICE
A SPLENDID uoIsmN sun

A 19.55 lb Dam.
An 18.11 lb. 3-yr.-old Sire’s Dani.
HE A 111.7 lb. 3—yr.-old Sister.
HAS Illeiigerveld DeKol zind King Segis Blood.
(ioorl .‘lilrklllgSAaé Vliitc.
(,iood Vigor. (.iood Size Good Constitution.
Price—Grated. placed F. 0. l3. Ionic—$100.
SPRING VALLEY STOCK FARM.
I“. ll. Howard, 1{. F. I). No. 6, Ionin, Mich.

OLSTICIN Bull Cali: Born Oct. 5. A splendid in-
II dividual, wcll grown, and of Cholt‘elirccdinz. Dam has
A.R.(l record, butter 7dnys 13041118. milk 419.8 asa2yr.old. Sire
AlbinnBouteButter Boy No.93124. W. B. Reader. Howell.Mich.

 

Big Holstein Bull 2 yr. old. (iood breeding.
For sale: Rog. bulls and heifers 111 mos. old.
Ferd. J. Lance. Sebewnlng. Mich.
All from A. R. 0. Denis. Semi-of-

lilIOlCG HOlSlEin BUllS. yearly records:7201bs. butter in Jr.

4yr. old class to over 10001bs. in mature class Breeding:Cross
"King of the Pontincs" and the “Dominick blood." (‘herry
(‘reck Stock Farm. llillinrds. llicll. M. E. I’nrmclce, Proprietor,

ALFALFADALE liiciuior

Holsteins.
lontziins aged c o w s producing 32.91 lbs, of
butter in 7 days: Iiyr. olds producing 31,76: 3 yr.
olds irodueing 26.37 and Zyr. olds 3309.111 officially
tested. Sons and brothers of these, high testing cows
for sale. (Ieo. H. Gillespie 8: Son, Mason, Mich.

~ - or. 637m. lift-0.; June it 54 brotlierito a. 3021 b.
For sale jr. -i yr. old Holstein. 6 nearest dnms all
have records above 2.0 lb. 28 nearest sires and dams

all have. A. 11.0. daughters.
M. L. McLaulin. Redford, Mich.

- Bull Calves and Cows
l Have "Olsteln BullS, that; I offer for sale.
I can show breeding, records. individuality and 81.1 rac-
tive prices. 1.. is. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio.

“T0 P N OTCII ” flolsteins

By careful retention. for many years, of largest ' ro-
diieing females, and use of superior sires. a bree ing
herd of wonderful quailty has been established. “'0,
are selling young bullsof tliisml ()l’ N0TCH"(1unlit_v
of serviceable age. at. moderate )I‘lt‘PS. Information,
pedigrecs,ote.. on application. It cPHERSUN FARMS
00., Howell. Michigan. ,

Special Notice

Registered Holsteins For Sale
Have rented my farm. I offer for sale 10
re istered cows age 2 years to full age
Price $150 to $225. 20 head to select from.
A chance to get some choice cows at a
very low price. Must be sold by April
lst. M. E. Williams, Elsie, Mich.

 

Hired by a. bull that is more than a half'

FOR Sale—lie istered Holsteins. ’One heifer 19 mos.
old. also 3 bu lsfromv‘lto 7 mos. old, sired by a 30 lb.
Bull. Wm. GRIFFIN, R. " Howell. Mich.

—A beautiful purebred

A B A R G A I N four year old Holstein

cow, nearly white. good size and large pemistunt
milker, bred to freshen this fall.
GEO. D. CLARKE, VASSAR. MICH.

' ‘. . l t . 'lk
33%- "Mflfilfl 3111133331333. 131$."H‘ii‘liiflbhl'ééiy

marked and well grown. E. R. Cornell, Howell, Mich.
o Handsome Hostein bull

only $25 Delivere 0 calf. f‘. white Sire .5

lb. butter bull. Dam. heavy milker. horougbred. not
registered. Bougemont Forms. Detroit. Mich.

.l cl 6 Holstein-Friesinn Heifers and
£1 a“ 0"“ young bulls. Choicest breedin ,
pensibie prices. Ypsilanti, Mic .

N0. o.

 

 

 

 

  
 

Dairymen !

—The Truth

You may be preiudi'cecl against
the Jersey ruse you don't
how her. 1: her up. She's
the Money Cow.

Get This Book—a history of
the breed and full of very inter-
' eating tests and facts. It proves

conclusively that for pure dairy type, econ-

omy of pr uciion, richness of milk. long

do and adaptability to feeds and climates
—all these combined—she stands way
aboveghcm all. This book "About Jersc
Cattle is free. Get your Copy now. You'll
’ find it mighty good reading.

The American JerseyCattle Club
346 West 23rd Street. New York City

   
   
     
     
   
  
   
   

  

Get ‘ I
This
Book

      
       
    

 

Lillie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.
_of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred
heifers for sale. Colon (l. Lillie. Cooper-ville. Mioh'

 

THE WILDVVOOD Jersey Herd. Registered Jersey
_(‘att’le of Quality. Forty head 'I‘ubereulin tested
Mmesty s Wonder 90717 heads the herd. His daughters
are producing from 400 to? lbs. butter in one eat as
tu'oyenrold heifers, mid are bred to M njésty’s xford
Fox 131211neiassyGrnndson of Oxford Msjcsty which
combines type and production. Alvin Buldexnthwstich.

APLI“. Lane R. of M. Jersey Herd. Tuberculin tested
by the U. 8. Government. For sale bulls, cows,
bull calves and heifer calves. Thelowest record of any
mature cow of this strain‘is #33 lbs. of $376 butter.
IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.

from highmroducing dams,with

Jcrsey Bulls for sale testin Asso. records. also on
semi-oificml test. 0. B. We nor. R. 6. Allegan, Mich

HILLSIDE Farm Jerseys, yearling bulls. solid
color,half brothers to cx-world's-record senior 2yr
old and from B. of.
to 810 lbs.

23 Registered Tuberculin

HERMAN HARMS.

nope Farm Jerseys.
Geo. C. BORCK,

M. dams. with recordsfrom 40011 .
o. and o. DEAKE. Ypsilanti. Michigaii.

 

tested Jersey Cows for
sale. Also lyoung females
Reese, Michigan.

FOR SALE—8 yearling
bulls. 2 bull calves.
Grand Haven, Mich

For “Beef and Milk".
Registered bul l s.
Scotch - topped roans,
reds and u bite for sale.
Farm at N.Y.(l. Depot;
IIlsO l). T. dL 1. R'y.

Addressfl.l.$chroduflgr.
BIDWELI. STOCK FARM
Box B. Tecumseh. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

Albion Stamp 352670

 

Shorthorn
W. W.

game 01 both Sex ior Sale

NA PP. Howell. Michigan.

—Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all
Shallllorlls ages for sale at farmers prices. C. w. Crum,
Secy. Cent. Mich. Shorthcrn Breeder-3‘ Assu.. McBride. Mich.

 

A l. Sale Mar. Ist, 1916. 25 head shorthorns,7 males.
"0 lonlat‘mocust" on D. . R. between Almont d:
Imluy City. WARNER BROS. Aluiont. Mich.
Bulls old enough forservico. Golden

Iwo Shorlhorn “’yandotte (‘oekcrels Collie puppies
S. G. BELCHER. R. No. 5, Hudson.‘ Michigan.
Herd bull. Bright Sultan roan 4 yrs. no
Shudhorns fault, am retaining his heifers also one
roan ready for service. W. B. McQuillan, Howell,Micli.

3 Choice Shorthoru Bulls For Sale
H. B. PETERS, Car-land, Mich.
8HORTHORN Cows and two year old Heifers and

yearling Heifers. for sale. From good families
Stockbridgc. Michig‘m, R. RD. 3.

 

 

 

 

E. R. HAWLY .\' SONS.

 

AIliY Bred Shorthorns of best Bates strains. Two
extra line yearling lieifem for Sale. Price $200.00
each, registered. J. B. Hummel, Maison. Michigan.

Pulled

them.

Durhnms for Sale. Syoung cows and heifers
bred, 18 mo. ms years. Prices right. Write for
L. C. KELLY. Plymouth. Michigan

 

Loads feeders and two load yearling steers. Also
2cm) show you any number 1. 2 and 3 years old from
600 to 1200 lbs. Isaac Shanstum, Fairfleid, Iowa. R—8

H065.

' —-Fine 0 t
Hoyalion Bred Borkslum sex... slie‘ébifi ”igya'ii’fif
Emperor. registered with papers at. fair prices. Write
t. D ‘ Valentine, Supt, Temperance. Michigan.

 

 

O . .

 

FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls

ready for service. and bull calves, also females.
FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Michigan.

Registered
(1 1 vered, safe arrival guaranteed. rite for pedigree.
HOBART W. FAY. MASON. MICE.

 

Holstein heifer, 2 mos. old, mostly white
very nice individuality and breeding, 00

 

of best. breeding,of various 8 es,either
Berkshires 59,, all registered stock. guo akin.
apecial reduced price. Write your wants quick.
. itchell's LakesideFarms, R.2. Bloomingdale, Mich.

 

BERKSHIRES. Bred lite and sows due to furrow
in April and May. Pr ced to move quick as crowded
for room. Chase's Stock Farm, Mariette. Michigan R.I.

 

 

      

I have started thousands of breeders on the road
to success. I have every large and fine herd. Ey-
ery one an early developer. ready for market at six
months old. I want to place one hog in each oom-
munity to advertise my herd.

G. s. BENJAMIN R. No. 10. Portland. "lei-loan

 

 

 

 

 

SW lGARTDALE FARM

BREEDERS or
HOLSTEINS AND BERKSHIRES

Stock ior sale at all times. Berkshires of unsurpassed
quality and breeding. at. reasonable prices. A choice
bullcalf, nicely marked. five months old, sire'e dam
with record or over 27 pounds. Dam of call a. grand
daughter otHengei-veld De K01. Price $50.00.

Swigartdale Farm, Petersburg, Mich.
EG. Berkshire sowa due to (arrow in April. Gilts $18,
Yearlings :20. Mature sows $30. All guaranteed.
B. B. REAVEY, Akron. Michigan.
' Iliave one nice fall Gilt to go at. once
Berkshires not bred, and Zaows bred to iarrow in
April and May. A.A.Pattullo. Deckerville. Mich.

 

' Of various ages, either sex open orbred.
Berk‘hlres- prolific strains, Registere . at moderate
price. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Michigan.

' Sows bred to furrow in April. Best.
Barkhhlre Hugger breeding. Maple Place Farms
(J. S. BARTLETT, Propr. Pontiac, Michigan

Bred sows and Fall pigs forsale
CheSter Whi‘es also 9 months Holstein Bull.
F. W. Alexander, Vassar, Michigan.

 

 

Young sows bred, young

I I
capitol Hard 1).]. Swme. be... p... bum... Ex.
press prepaid J. H. BANGHART, Lansing, Mich

' ' . Long type prolific kind. Orders
chBSler Whilst booked for spring pigs. Write our
wants. Meadow View Stock .b‘arm.R. 5. Holland, ich.

Comprising the greatest

our Duroc Jerseys blood lines.The Professor.
Kant. Again, Ohio Chief Good E Nufl', Orion, Perfec-
tion, Irzi I). . al'k, Pilot. Wonder, both sex. Pricesrea-
amiable. Send for pedigrees. JENNING'S
FARMS. 11.1.. Bailey. Michigan.

nunoc JERSEY 30‘“: grchoic'e lot of spring boars.

all pi s airs and t i
not akin. W. C. TAYLOR, align. Michigliug.5

uumc Jung’s—Fail and spring pigs either sex. from

choice strains. 8. O. STAHLMAN.
CHERRY LAWN FARM. bhepherd.
Gilts forA ril Farrow.

1- w- KEENEYI Elle! MlCll. Breeder of urocSwino
I). M. &T.local from Monroe or Toledo. Keeney Stop.
DUROC JERSEY mmefti‘ilsnis‘idnfi $5863?

No. F2975. Inspection invited. .D. Heydenberk,Wayland.lich.

Six June Gills Bred ior .lune Farrow.
Price $23.00. Weight 160 lbs. to 180 lbs.
H. G. Keesler. R. No. 5., Cassopolls. Mich.

 

 

 

 

M ichigan,

 

 

 

 

ITIiOC Jerseys. Yearling Sows dz giltsbred for Apr.
furrow to a son of Orion Cherry King the greatest. Boar of his
breed. Also fall pigs either sex. I“. J. DrodtJLI. Monroe. Mich.

 

Duroc Jerseys for sale- —a few choice fall pigs of either
sex. Fancy Buff Rock cockcrels. JOHN
McNICOLL. Station A. Route 4. Bay City. Mich.

 

nuroc J.ng-—Sept. pigs either sex dz Holsteinl bull
E. H.

Mon to ves & 2 Registefieéi Holstein“ cows.

IS. NROE, MICH.
B .
DUROC JERSEY gé’di’sriiidp'i‘éi'seili2313.53???

sale. Wm.W. Kennedy. B. B. Grass Lake, Mich.

Dunno JERSEY A few bred

giits for sale.
Carey U. Edmonda, Hastings, Michlflan.

 

 

 

-—A fine bunch of Bred sows
Heavy Boned Dunes and mu pigs For so...

 

 

M. A. BRAY, OKEMOS. (Inghum C0») Mich.

 

 
 
 
 

      
 
 

 
  

   
   

 

2 . n:
n c I I .
,g. . . .Svlllll mg».
m Stock For Sale-. 11 Ages IiI
I E l Summits!» Solidi“. Vialim Always loll-0 . 1.; I I
"E . « \‘\ s " .. I!
_ .. .v\ e. i ' I
E/ n.
I

 

O. l. C. Bred Gilts

Choice 100 1b. Pigs 816.
J. CARL JEWETT. Mason. Mich.
00d type and

0 l C SPRING BOARS of
o o a Red Polled bul calves.
John Berner and Son. Grand Ledge. Mich.

choice serviceable boars; bred gilts for A mi] and

0- .l- c-May furrow; Fall pigs not akin. Write for low
prices and photo. A. V. Butt. Grass Luke, Mich

O. I. C’s.

C. J. THOMPSON.

 

 

 

A11 sold except one July boar
and a. few 1 Oct. pigs.
Rockford. Michigan.
T
Way Brothers Stock Farm. .33. Bfi‘f‘a gassing:
for sale. Registered free. J. R. Way. ThreeRivers. Iich.

0. l. c. Boar: ior service. Gm” ”9““er 8““

June furrow. I re
express. G. P. ANDREWS. DansvillePMlgii;

o I c Bows and Gilts for Spring furrow
I I I a 801 . .
H. W. MANN. Dan-vine. Michigan. '

0. l. C. Strictly Big Type

Sows & Gilts bred for March A: April {arrow all sold.
Also {all hours. Have two extra. good July boars and
One May boar for sale and Three July gilts and three
Sept. gilts right good ones. Ad recs.

Mariette. Mich. R. 1.

stock term.

0. 1. O. and CHESTER WHITE SWINE
Big type with quality . We have the undefeated breeders
young herd at seven State fairs this year. They were
sired by Abo 2nd. one of our many good herd boars.
Special prices on all boars for the next 30 days. Get
a Gilt bred to the Great. Schoolmaster, the hi host

rill? film; of him brtecid, Charriizslilolilii over cfharlxlip ens.

. r ur 3 on a o as W at

herd in the whole countr‘ail. Com ' cry 0 t 0 best

. ' «and see them.
Bolling 1m: Slack Farms. cm City. IchI.
Breedm’ Directory—Continued on page 415.

 

 

 

 

Newman‘s

 

 

 


. ‘mz’..(""““

 

 

.0

MARCH 18', 1916.

39— -415

 

.é’illll|IlllllIlllllIIlllllIIllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIE‘9
E . g
‘2‘ a
g Veterinary. g
;:u‘—1:l_€llllIIlllIllllllllllI|||II|IIll|IIllll||lIIllll|llllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllIlillllllllllllliiS

CONDUCT-ED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.

 

Unthrifty Brood Mare—My 15-year-
oid mare that is heavy with foal is out
of condition and I would like to know
of the best condition powder to, give
her. U. G. S., Hillsdale, Mich—Kindly
understand that good care, good
grooming, a properly ventilated stable
that is kept clean, and regular out-
door exercise will do more for your
mare, than giving her drugs. Mix to-
gether equal parts of cooking soda,
ginger, gentian and charcoal and give
her two tablespoonfuls at a dose in
feed twice a day.

Lumpjaw.—I have a calf six weeks
old that has a lump on lower jaw and
side of face which is growing, and I
might say bunch is very hard.. G. B.,
Twining, Mich.—If I owned your calf,
I should make veal of him at once.

Indigestion—I have a cow that had
an attack of indigestion one week be-
fore time to freshen, and I have wait-
ed patiently for her to calve, but her
appearance does not change and she is
now four weeks past due. Now I am
sorry that I dried her. Do you believe
that I can bring her back to normal
milk flow if she is not with calf? F.
P., Mariette, Mich—Your cow is not
pregnant, but by proper feeding and
milking you may be able to induce a
fairly good milk flow.

Feeding Pigs-Feeding Ewes—Some
time ago I bought a few pigs and have
been feeding them middlings, bran,
boiled potatoes and milk with some
warm water added, which they eat and
drink all right, but these pigs do not
feel lively and care to exercise any. I
would also like to know how to feed
western breeding ewes which are due
to lamb in May. They are, now fed
bean pods, clover hay, oat straw and
corn stover. W. M. M., Clare, Mich.—
Your pigs should be forced to take
some exercise, and during the cold
weather feed them some corn, oats, oil
meal, or tankage with their other food.
This will warm them up and make
them feel more inclined to exercise in
the cold air. You should feed your
ewes some grain with the rest of their
teed once or twice a day.

Turkey Has Sore Eyes—I have a
two—year-old Tom Turkey that is in
good condition, excepting his eyes,
which appear to be sore and he seems
to have lost his sight, or almost so, in
one. Mrs. O. E. F., Hillman, Mich.—
Apply one part peroxide hydrogen and
four parts water cautiously to clean off
coagulated mucus, then apply calomel
to eyes once a day.

Catarrh.—-My hens are troubled with
a sickness which affects their head
and some of their eyes close. Mrs. A.
G. D., Brighton, Mich—Mix together
cquai parts bicarbonate soda, ground
ginger, and ground gentian and mix
some with their feed, a teaspoonful is
enough for eight or ten chickens at
one dose. Dissolve 40 grains of borate
of soda, 40 grains of boric acid in one-
quarter pint of boiled water and apply
to eyes by dipping head in this solu-
tion twice a day. If their beak be-
comes ciosed with mucus, apply per-
oxide of hydrogen to clear out mucus
or a weak solution of cooking soda.

Lice on Rabbits—I wish you would
tell me how to kill lice on rabbits. I
have a formula which is good to use
on cattle, but may be too strong for
rabbits. This is the way I made it.
One pound of tobacco leaves, 4 ozs. of
soap, put in one gallon of water and
after this solution was cooled I added
1 oz. of kerosene. I applied this mix-
ture on two rabbits, both of them died
in three hours. I also applied lice
powder on them, but their fur is so
thick it did not reach the lice. J. K.,
(:rawn, Mich—The tobacco, soap and
kerosene mixture poisoned your rab-
bits. Apply mercurial ointment to the
back of neck and rump near root of
tail, sparingly, and disinfect their
sleeping place with coal tar disinfect-
ant and you will perhaps get rid of
the lice.

Looseness of Bowels.—-—Have a horse
that has bowcl trouble; about one-half
of the time his bowels are costive, the
other half they are too loose. Had our
local Vet. float his teeth sometime ago
and I might say that I feed him whole
corn, wheat ban and carrots three
times a day. He is also fed some clo—
ver hay. H. 0., Mattawan, Mich.—
Your horse's digestive trouble can be
best regulated by proper feeding and
his diet should be such as to keep his
bowels fairly active all the time. He
should be exercised every day. Mix to-
gether equal parts bicarbonate soda,
ground gentian and powdered charcoal,
giving him a tablespoonful at a dose
three times a day.

 

THE MICHIGAN F‘ARMER

   
   

  

For Stock
and Poultry

Dr. leGears *
Remedies ,,

One for
every curable
- ailment

  

“0W BEIIER DROPS

And the greatest aid

to soil improvement

is proper drainage.
Every farm should be drained and the

drain should be laid of
AMERICAN VITRIFIED TILE

It is frost and acid proof and as lasting
_ as the earth in which it is laid.
Ask your dealer or send lot 9116.!

MEBIBMI SEWER PIPE 00..

200 St. James St.. JACKSON. MIcH.

 

DISPERSION SALE
or
20—Registered illgktein Cattle—20
till—Registered Shropshire Sheep—40

to close the estate of EDW. Cmntlsk 1-:\', we will

sell a
PUBLIC AUCTION
On March 22, at. ONE O’clock
The cattle are all young with the exception of
3 foundation cows. They are daughters of some
of the greatest bulls ever owned in Michigan.
Plenty of good records. (Pedigrees at Sale).
The sheep are the result of 30 years of careful
breeding. None better. Morning trains will be
put at llowcll, (Farmfnnilos \Vcst of Howell.)
Notify us if you are coming so that we may
provide enough rigs.
B.\RNEY CUMMISK‘EY
and Est. of El)\\'. CUMMIHKEY,
Fowmcuvrmn. )HC'H,

TRACTOR ENGINE

Will keep cool. 4 cylinder 35 II. P. Continental de-
sign: 4% x5. Closing out. Job lot at. low price or
395. Complete. Cost $220. New stock, high—class.
Build your own tractor cheap. SCHMITZ BROS"
237 COLLINS AVENUE, - PITTSBURGH, PA,

RED CLOVER

00k out for Buokhorn and other

Weeds in clover this year. Very little ure

seed to be had. Ours is practically free rom

weed seeds and waste. Much the cheapest

to sow. All other varieties of field seeds. Bap-

pIeI and inntruetiou-“Ilow to Know Hood bleed” Free.

Write today. 0.M.SCOTT It SONS 00.. 135 Main SL,Mary-vllk.0.

 

 

 

TIMflTHY i MS I K E $.;‘.;.§.°
Bogs extra It 20c each. Send us your order.

Young-Randolph Seed Co. Owoano. Michigan

 

Frost Prool liabba 3 Plants 17““ 12"" ”WWW"
thousand. Flrmergs Plant Catofixhrtinrgpgd‘iln‘iYHStfg

 

W A N T E D : illfpefiiift‘lifhefig‘ifii

necessary produoln. Unless you have an es 1 '

territory or successful selling experience to gliglflgi‘liig
er, your application will not be given consideration
State full your condilinno, with references in first letter to .
Albion .hemlcul Works, Albion, Mich

Write W. A. Ewalt Mt CI
H “I" for those . . emens, Mich.
pure bred. Sabl
Com Pupplm. natural heehrs from Emande‘dlgtookte Scotch

that B. L. K. Cow Milkors

or which I have no use at present. In cod
order as g as new for further service.g \Vllrsglldtlig
whole equipment complete for $175.00.

HENRY SI TILT, Flllon. Mich.

Your profit in stock is measured not by
how much feed you give them but by [row
mac/z nourisfiment they get out of the feed.
' Animals with poor digestion cut your pro-
/ fits by wasting feed and developing slowly.

Dr. LeGear’s Stock Powders

expel worms and put digestions in A-I condition, causing
your stock to get every ounce of value from the feed given.

Cowo give more milk. horses get hardier, hogs develop faster, shoe yield
more wool when Dr. LeGear's Stock Powders are used regularly.
not mere “say-so" but actual results proved both by Dr. LeGear'o 23 years
Veterinary Practice and by thousands of farmers. Test these powders
yourself—get a trial box today at your dealer.

50c stock book free
If your dealer cannot sopply you with any of Dr. LcGenr‘s Remedies. call
up his name and we‘ll send you Dr. Lchar’l own stock book free—
"6 pages and 64 pictures. Write today.

Dr. L. D. LeGear Medicine Co., 712Howard St., St. Louis, Mo.

Each of Dr. LcGear'a ZI difierent Remedies is his own prescription
tested in 23 years Veterinary practice. Ask your dealer for them.

 

 

 
 
 

       
       
   
   
    

hip is

 
   
       
     
       
     
 

‘Honses
(Continued from Page 390)

 

FOR SALE A high class Trotting Bred

h’lare, Sycars old, sound, wt.
10751bs., 15% hands high. Slrcd by Donald Wilkes,
213%. One of Michigan’s Greatest; Race Stallions. 1st
dam by Marble Grit, sire of Michigan Queen, 2:l)3'.,
fastest mare ever raised in Michigan. 2nd dam by
Semicolon. 2:1331. 3rd dam by Ky—Whips. This is a
full made and smooth turned Brown More and will he
sold at Road Horse Price, Address.

STARKW’EA' ‘lIER STOCK FARBI

IV OItllVllle, Mlch.

 

Stallion

ROYAL OAK ALBERT
Registered Number 151(le
By.I IMPORTED ROSSEAUS
ROYAL ALBERT

Bay horse with white marking. Six years old.
Can be seen at

Hendrie Farm, Royal Oak. Mich.
For Price Address

GEORGE ’I‘. HENDRIE
422 Hammond Bldg. DETROIT, MICH

FOR SALE

Imported Belglan Stallion.
Five years old. High class individual and extra
good sire. Will sell very reasonable. Might take
some other stock toward him. For further

particulars address
II. E. SLIMN, Burl, Mich.

FOR SALE 1 Registered Belgian more 5

9 yrs. old: 1 lligh Griuic Belgian
mare 8 yrs. old in foal: 1 Pair, Registered Clyde Mares
5 and 6 yrs. old, one in foal. Write R. S. HUDSON.
MICK. AGR. COLLEGE, East Lansing. Mich.

 

 

 

AND
Raise mules and get rich. 201!
head tine. large jocks, jciims
and mules, 14 to 17 hands
high. Large rcgistcrcd jacks

nnddmfl stallions chcap now.
Will trade fUl‘fillt’I‘liJ'EltllP()l'
horses.Write forpricestoduy.
Stock guarantor-d. Addrcss
KREKI.ER'S JACK FAR!“

 

 

OVER STOCKED, MUST SELL.

FOR SALE:—Hlx colts coming three. year old, four colts
coming two year old, and three yearlings, six Jersey
cows: three being registered; {our heifers, three, two
year old, one yearling registered bull; one extra nice
pair of bay colts. This stock may be seen at the Tomes
Farm, Chase Road , one mile north of Michigan Avenue.
A. P. TEKNES FARM, 1730 Michigan Avenue,
Detroit, Michigan, Walnut 2091.

 

FOR SALE 2 Bel ian Stallions, one imported 10 yrs old
boy, wen ht 21. lbs, colts to show, one registcrcd
home bl: . coming 4 yrs. old, weight 2200 lbs. Both
outstanding good ones, sure foal gotters. Would con-
sider an exchange of one of them for another Belgian
equally as good. Oscar Wolf, St. Louis, Michigan.

REGISTERED PERCHERON STALLION for sale
at bargain. Write for Pedegrcc and breeding.
F. D. NICHOLS, Homer, Mlch., R. D. No. l

 

 

 

.—

 

 

FOR SAL Stylish black more, weight 1275
3330. Will trade for good regist-
erodfiolstein Heifer. E. Home, South Haven, Mich.

CATTLE

 

 

 

NOTICE

Wednesday, March 29, 1916

Auction Sale of Sixteen (16) head of Full Blood Ro-
gistered Holstein Cattle: high milk producing strain:
advanced registration: choice individuals.

On account or the death 01' Royal Miller, the above
described herd of Reglstcrcd Holstein Cattle will be
sold at public auction on the Royal Miller farm, Five
miles west of Dertt, Clinton County, Michigan.
Sale opens 10 A. M., Wednesday, March 29th, 1916.

MRS. ROYAL MILLER, Proprietor.

 

FOR Sale—12 Reg. Short Horn Bulls by Maxwalton
Monarch 2nd,a son of Avondale, fromt'z to 9 mos.old
John Schmidt, Reed City. R. No. 5., Mlchllll.

HOGS

 

' ’ Attractive rices on fall pic.
"3%“.er 0' I' c s- and last sprang gilts. Allfrom
large litters. Elmer E. Smith. Redford. Mich.

u I c! 20 bred now: for sole.8135t April gilts averaged”
I I s'lhthm. 10. 1916. They are a. very growthy lot. Ha”
somohlny giluand last fall yourlinglmloo a few service boot!
and plenty of last full pigs. Otto B. Schulzo, Nashville, Mich.

 

o I 0 Choice gilts bred for April and May furrow.
¢ . 0 Also last fall pigs of excellent uality.
A. J. BARKER, Belmont, Michigan, R. . No. l

 

0. I. c. segtember pi s, 3:39; allexéoldlih'w
E. B. MILET , owlerville. Michigan.

I am ofl’erin
On I. C. SWINE choice, gilt:
strictly O. L C. type bred to fax-row the forepart of May.
also fall pigs rice ri ht. Stock registered in pub
chascr's name tee of c urge. A. J.Gorden, n.2, D..rr,Mich,

' I d ' ' ' .
O. I. C. Choice Boats "3.1- éxfigésiifii‘fegisl.
(91‘ fees. JULIAN P. CLAXT8N, B. 8, Flint, lllch.

0. I. (L’s. FILL PIES, EITHER SEX. 3353:5333?

A. R. GRAHAM, Flint, Mlchll’an.

POLAND GHINAS

From our thousand pound Grand Champion Boar
and Big StretchySows of best breeding. Spring
Bears at. a bargain. Bred Gilts and Brood Sows.

IIIIIcrest Farm, Kalamazoo, Mich.
Boers at Half Price

We still have a few big boned, big type Poland China
boars ready for Service, weighing up to 250 lbs. not fat
at $20 .I' $25 each. Registered in buyer's name. so
registew-d black Percheron Stallion 2years old $25041).

C. BUTLER, Portland, Mich., Bel! Phone.

.' .. ”If Miuh ’ -
Pal-AND culuA grill: bl‘hill (pl '5, l::ltl8%ggtlé)grlél§:;-
antced. G. W. BOLTON, alamazoo, Michigan.
Gil , r h . bi , b
POL‘ND film‘s Apilil alid hilly lgrrhlivlle red to.
A A. WOOD & SON. Saline. chhlxan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

' a few choice boars of spring and

Large Slram P. clearly summer farmw. A choice lot

of spring Gilts bred for spring fal‘row sired by Big

Defender the boar that every body goes wild over.
11. O. SWARTZ. Schoolctntt, Michigan.

Gills and sows. Bred for Mar. and
Large I I” P. 0. April Yarrow. Sired by Big
Molnes, Rig Knox Jr.,:1hd Giant Defender. Bred to Big
Knoer. Smooth W ondcr 3 and Big Jumbo, {our great-
est. hours in state. ('onio or write. WJ-I. Livingston.PannaJlich.

' either sex, all ages. Some-
Fa' sale Puland Chm“ thing good at a low irice.
P. D. Long. R. F. D. No. 8. Grand Rapids, ich.

 

 

Poland Chinzis. Fall and Summer Pi .
“ea” Ballad Hows Bred. Eggs from biglla rrcd Roe
31.00 for 15. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson, Michigan.

OLANI) Chinas*Big and medium type. Giltsbred
to big ty )0 hours for April Furl-ow. hall pigs, either

sex. L. . Barnes & Son, Byron, Michigan.

IG typc Pol and Chi nas-~—\Vcstcrn bred, long bodied
extra large. bone, pairs or Irios not akin. We have

Pctcr Mouw, ll. Emcnmeyermld Geo. Marshall breed-
lug. (.‘zllloru'rito, W. Brewbakor&b’0ns, Elsie, Michigan.

 

EG ISTERI‘JD Poland China Spring Bears and Sowa
, at $15 each. Making thisspeclal price to make room
for others. A. (LlVlcade, Stanton, Mlch.,Colbys Ranch.

 

L Type PC. Sows & Gilts all sold. Have 3 extra.
argfl good 8 iring boars. Sired by Big Defender.
W. J, RAGE SHAW, Augusta. Michigan.

' A
Large Yorkshires as
September pigs. Zepring boars. Prices reasonable.
W. C. COOK, Route No. l, ADA. MICHIGAN.

Yorkshires Gilts

For March it; April farmwing For Sale.
Waterman A; \Vaterinnn. Ann Arbor, Kid].

 

 

' Swine all ages. Bed P011 Bulls
lusg. yorkShlro ready to‘use $75 each.
E. . C H0

 

 

ARR. MER. MICHIGAN.
GROWTHY TH E Discus:
PROLIFIC ‘ ‘ MU LE FOOT" ncsmt-
PROFITABLE HOG mo

W: An: now aooxmc onocns Fon SPRING PIC.

THE CAI-IILL FARMS
KALAMAzoo - - - - MICHIGAN

MU LEFOOT HOGS. i2}? 3%. ‘33-

scle. C. F. BACON, R. 3, Britten. Michigan.
m

 

 

 

 

Hampshire Sui no. the. groatgmsturc hog. My herd con.
tains the blood of some 0 the greatest champions
of the brccd. Headed by a son of the Great "Look Out."
Brod sons and hours all sold. Bookingorders for spring: pigs. Can
supply pairs and tries, not akin. Geo. E. Starr, Grass Lakefilich

9 ~Nothing for sale but Apr. Boar‘s.
HamDSh-r. "083 Tnkingorders forspringpigs. Write
your wants. John W. Snyder. St. Johns, It. No. I, Mich.

 

 

' ' Pigs of both sex. Bred SowsServlce
Hampshire SWING. boars. Write for prices. Price to
sell. FLOYD M YERS, R. No. 9, Decatur, Ind.

SHEEP.

Kope Kon Farms
SHROI’SHIRES and DUROCS. KINDERHOOK, MIC"

Oxford Down Sheep. “° schist.“
M. F. GANSSL'EY. Lennon. Michigan.

W00l-MUTTON SIIRIIPSSIIIRE EWES

Bred to high class imported ram. pcclnl prices now
to close. out. Iso M. II. Turkeys
Maplewood Stock Farm,

 

 

 

 

 

Allegan, Mich.


   

1
1

 

“1'3““
' 1

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

My Great 1916 Split , .orBuggy Book

 

 

 

  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 

Wre for This Contains MORE Styles

    

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Book Today Than You Will Find in 20 Stores

OULDN’T you like to have a copy of my big 1916 Buggy Book?

It shows the most complete assortment of styles and the most surprising values ever

offered—explains how my new plan of splitting profits with my customers has made
my factory (shown above) the biggest in America selling high grade vehicles direct to the user.

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to see that Phelps will not only sell you a better buggy—a genuine Split Hickory—but that I can
and will save yon $20 to $40 by my direct-from-factory special price-splitting offers, for 1916. Just fill out and
mail the coupon below or drop mea postal and I’ll send you a copy of this big book by return mail-——postpaid.

 

 

Everybody knows that THAT name on a buggy is a mark of the highest quality. For 16 years
I have been putting into these vehicles the finest materials and the most expert workmanship I could find. I

have made “Split Hickory” vehlcles famous the world over for beauty of style, excellence of workmanship,

light-running, easy-riding and long service. Nearly a quarter of a million of them are now rolling over the roads. I have made "Split

Hickory” a name which my customers are proud to show. You will be proud to own ’ . .

one, too. My new 1916 Selling Plan cuts prices more than ever. Gives un- ' '

equaled bargains in 150 new styles. Saves you $20 to $40 on your new rig. My v

free catalog tells how it is possible to sell you a genuine Split Hickory this < ‘ 1- ~ e catalog

year as low as $39.25—and, remember, that on every Split Hickory I give 5 ' , ‘ ‘ ‘3 ,. Shows 150
Other Styles

so Days’ FREE Road Test gem-3.; 3335;.

You take no chances. I let you pick out the rig you want A.“ U,
and drive it 30 days over your own roads——-under your own conditions Wriloiorlhlalog

-—before you dec1de. ‘ I prove the quality—I prove the value.
You test the rig for comfort, light-running, style and workmanship from ,
I! ~ ; top to tires at my risk. Be sure to write for my big FREE 1916 "

{e "an. Buggy Book before you buy. This coupon will bring it free-
> e... 3"“ . postpaid. Send today. See for yourself the money

“1 ,1. ,.\\X\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\.\ you can save. 'Address II. c. PHELPS,‘Pres_ideiit, . ..
II. c. PHELPS. President ”"1"! THE OHIO GARRIAGE X

G , ’ I
'li..?l"29°‘““'iofi.l‘ee§,5.32' In," MFG. 00.,

“63:31:13! Fifmyiz‘vlzgiilgayaigedaengatamg' ""1 Sta- 59 - Columbus, 0-
"!" IMPORTANT—If you are interest-
1!

  
 
  
   
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
   
 

 

 

 

 

D Harness Catalog.
ed in a new Farm Wagon or
a new set of harness, be sure to ~' .~ .

 
    
  
 

"I ask for my Special Catalogs
Name ............................................................... I" ofSplitHickoryFarmWagons ._
."‘ , and 0111.9 Brand Oak,Tanncd -

; . , - ~ VII," Ramses. Both books sent

    
 
    

  
 
  
 
   

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FIIEE (:A'I'ALOG ‘2.

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