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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, MARCH 25, 1916





VOL. CXLV. No. 13

Whole Number 3881





50 CENTS A YEAR.

52 FOR 5 YEARS.





Vetch Experience In Southwestern Michigan





By JASON VVOODMAN





N the South Haven branch of the

Michigan Central Railroad, a few

miles west of Kalamazoo, lies



the village of Kendall. Near this vil-

lage is a farm called, by its owner,

“Hard-Scrabble.” The surface is roll-

ing—some of it very much so; the soil

is a. light sand and gravel.



In years gone by, the farm was rent-

ed until it became so poor that it was

alike unprofitable to renter and owner.

Three years ago the present manager

of the farm, Mr. Ralph Emery, of Kal-

amazoo, determined to try out some

soil renovating processes on this land,

and since then has been experimenting

with alfalfa, sweet clover and vetch.

In 1912, a field on the farm was sown

to wheat. In June, 1913, this crop of

wheat, abandoned by the renter be-

cause it was not worth harvesting, was

plowed under and the field was sum-

mer fallowed. In August, vetch and

rye were sown. The rye made a mod-

erate growth; the vetch was spotted.

While fairly good in places, over most

of the field it was either missing en-

tirely or was thin and scattering. There

was, generally speaking, a moderate

development of nodules on the roots of





most of the vetch plants that lived.





through the winter and spring.

The Results.



In June, 1914, this growth of vetch

and rye was plowed under; the field

was again summer fallowed and given

a second seeding of vetch and rye. The

second crop of vetch made a. luxuriant

growth all over the field. In May, 1915,

this crop was turned under and the

land fitted for late potatoes. The pota-

toes were given the proper [care and

cultivation and, in addition, were

sprayed. A yield of over two hundred

bushels of marketable tubers was se—

cured.



Let us consider just what happened

to this field that in 1912 was so unpro~

ductive that it would not grow a crop.

To begin with, the soil evidently was

fairly well supplied with phbsphorous

and potash, and there was lime enough

to satisfy the vetch plants. This par-

ticular piece of soil was poor because.

it was destitute of organic matter.

Vetch loves a compact, moist, well-fit-

ted seed bed. This was furnished by

eight weeks of summer fallowing. The

first crop was turned under, providing

vegetable matter to aid in starting the

second crop. The inoculation that de~

veloped the first year in the scattered

spots of vetch, was thoroughly dis-

tributed over the field by the second

summer fallowing; and the second

crop, well inoculated, developed a vig-

orous growth of both roots and top.

This, in its turn, plowed under and the

soil properly fitted, furnished the re-

quisite decaying organic matter the po-

tato crop needed for its development.

Mr. W. H. Ransler, a farmer living

near by, did the work, and it was done

at the right time, in the right way.



The Cost.



'How much did this process of reno-

vation cost? Mr. Emery paid Mr.

Ransler for all man and team work,

and purchased all the seed used. The

total cost up to the time the land was

plowed for potatoes, was $19.78 per





County Farm Agent,





acre. The price of potatoes this last

his farming, and printed under flaring

fall was high enough so that the crop

of 1915 paid for itself, for the process

of soil revonation, and a profit besides.

Moreover, the land is started on the

road to “Wellville.”

Facts vs. “Fakir” Stories.



The above is a statement of fact.



Written up with the proper exagger-

ation and embellishment, with certain

other facts ignored, given the usual

knowing air and high coloring, with a

jab or two at the average farmer for





Kalamazoo County





this is not an agricultural “fakir”

story, and there are other facts yet to

be stated before we draw conclusions.

Mr. Emery tried an experiment that

cost nearly twenty dollars per acre.

The experiment, in this case, produced

desired results and was profitable from

a financial point of view. It does not

follow, however, that a man in debt for

his land, can safely imitate this plan,

especially if he lives some distance

away.

The Other Side.

East and south of this farm is a big





 





i





m...‘ as. M. r . _ . W





Scene Taken in Mr. Emery’s





failing to apply business methods to

headlines, this plain. statement of fact

can be so re-shaped as to make a most

fetching agricultural “fakir” story of

the sort so eagerly sought after by a

However,





certain class of periodicals.





 





 





 





Potato Field on October 3, 1915.





valley. On the other side of the val-

ley, about six miles distant, is a farm

of apparently similar soil, on which a

trial of practically the same plan of

growing vetch failed to produce the

same results. On this latter farm, the





 





Ml...





 





Burning Vegetable Matter is a Poor Method of Conserving Soil Fertility.





Burning the cornstalks raked from a field where the corn was pastured

down is an easy way to get rid of the stalks, but, like burning the old straw





stack, is poor economy.





This coarse vegetable matter is the best material





with which to fill little gullies which may have started on the hills, to pre-





vent further erosion.





It is also worth the cost of hauling from the field to





use as an absorbent in the barnyard or to apply to the soil of some other

field as a mulch or manure, .in case it is desired to fit the stubble field for

corn without plowing. Old World farmers have learned from experience

that it IS profitable to save all refuse vegetable matter and compost it as a

means of adding to the available supply of farm manure.





third crop in succession was sown, and

still a good stand was not secured. On

a third farm, not far from the one last

mentioned, but of better land than

either of the others, and in condition

to raise profitable crops of corn and

rye, the second seeding, in succession,

of vetch, on the same field,,failed to

make a crop, even though eight tons

of good dairy manure per acre, were

applied before the second seeding. The

vetch came up nicely on all of these

farms. On Mr. Emery’s, the second

crop made a vigorous growth all over

the field. On the other farms, after a.

few weeks or months, a good share of

the plants died.

Conclusions and a Warning.



The fact is, that vetch will not do

equally well on all light soils. There

are thousands of acres of medium

sandy loam in southwestern Michigan,

on which, years ago, good crops of

corn, Wheat and clover were grown,

where, for some reason, it is very dif-

ficult to grow vetch. The plan so suc-

cessfully used by Mr. Emery, will not

work on all lands, as many a south-

west Michigan farmer has learned by

costly experience. These failures em-

phasize the fact that an agricultural

practice desirable and profitable in one

section may prove a failure in another

section not many miles away. This is

true in regard to vetch. It is also true

of very many other farm practices.

Vetch is recommended in bulletins, ag-

ricultural papers, and by lecturers on

agricultural topics, for use on sandy

lands. It is valuable for hay, pasture,

seed production, and as a soil reno-

valor—where it will grow; but the

writer knows from wide observation,

the many failures men have made With

vetch—and made Where the rules were

followed faithfully. He has written

this article detailing really conspicuous

success on the. one hand, and partial

failure on the other, largely for the

purpose of warning new beginners

with this much advertised crop, to go

slowly until the combined experience

of the farmers in their neighborhoods

has shown the way and laid down the

rules for successful vetch growing in

these neighborhoods.



We must not lose sight of the fact,

however, that Mr. Emery's-‘success did

not accompany slack, shi [less meth-

ods. Both crops of vetch were sown

in August, on land that had been thor—

oughly prepared. Both crops were

plowed under, giving the land the max-

imum improvement that vetch will

furnish.



“Hard-Scrabble” is located in a sec-

tion where potatoes are one of the

leading money crops. The soil in this

locality produces tubers of high qual- .

ity and there is an established market.

A good grade of seed was used on this

field, and late blight was held in check

by Bordeaux mixture. if this had not

been done, even with the good price

potatoes are bringing, the field would

still be in debt to Mr. Emery. The

good crop of fine quality, and the bal-

ance on the right side of the ledger

were due finally to the fact that all

steps necessary to successful and prof-

itable potato growing were taken.





x





¢-~.W-vm<mmw¥wmwfl“
THE





MICHIGAN FARMER





mm: 25. 1916.





 





418—2

The MichiganFarmer

Established 1863. (”with 191.6.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.

151% rs and Proprietors.



39 to 45 0mm Welt. Detroit. Michigan

Tunnpnorm MAIN 4536.



NEW YORK OFFICE—381 Fourth Ave.



CHICAGO OFl'lC 3—604 Advertivinz Building.



WND OFFICE-10114015 Oman Ave.. N. E.



PHILADELPHIA OFFICE-261463 South Third St.





 





 





 





 





 





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E. H. HOUGHTON .......... . ......... u .............. Sec —Trcaa,



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All sent poatpaid.

Canadian subscription. 50: a year extra for portage.





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



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Inch (16 ante lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t in

aerted for lean than $1.20 each insertion. No objection

able advertisements inserted at any price.





 





Men! Standard Form Pa 0 Association and Audit

Bureau of irculation.





 





Enterd as second clan matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

e.





DETROIT, MARCH 25, 1910





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Since the publication of

the report of the confer-

ence held at M. A. C.

during Farmers’ Week,

at which the statement was made by a

number of farmers present that exorbi-

tant interest rates were charged on

loans made farmers at many banks

in northern Michigan, several commu-

nications have come to hand from

northern Michigan farmers substanti-

ating this claim.



Specific mention of one or two cases



will serve to illustrate the general tone

of these letters. A North Central Mich-

igan farmer reports a case where a

farmer needed $350, offering a mort-

gage on his farm as security. The

bank which loaned him the money com~

pelled him to give a bonus of $50 which

was incorporated in the mortgage in

-addition to an interest rate of seven

per cent on the whole loan, including

the bonus. This specific instance was

given to illustrate a practice which

this farmer declares to be general in

that section of the state.



Another farmer, of a Northeastern

Michigan county, states that with five

banks in that county a uniform rate of

two per cent per month is demanded

for short time loans, the additional in-

terest being in the form of a discount

on the face of the note. This farmer

also states that auction notes bearing

seven per cent interest are subject to

five per cent discount by the bank, and

if the maker of the note cannot pay

same at maturity, the usual rate of

two per cent per month is applied to

any renewal of same which is granted

by the banks. This farmer states that

he is fortunately sufficiently forehand-

ed so that he does not have to patron-

ize the banks, but declares that he

knows of many instances in which

these exorbitant rates have been ex-

acted, and states that the great need

of many northern communities with

which he is acquainted is for capital

which can be loaned on good security

at six or seven per cent,as in the

southern portion of the state.



On the other hand, farmers who hap-

pen to be situated near the larger

towns where banking facilities are bet-

ter report better credit facilities at rea-

sonable rates of interest, in accordance

with the statements made by repre-

sentative bankers at the conference

above mentioned. We believe that the

progressive bankers in this section of

the state would be glad to aid the

farmers of any section in making well

secured loans on more favorable terms

if the matter were brought to their at-

tention in a forcible manner; It would

be at least worth a trial if the farmers

of these communities which are suffer-

ing from lack of needed capital should

through their local Grange or other

farmers’ organizations appeal to the



l





The Need for

Rural Credit.





bankers in the larger towns for relief

from this condition, and if this does

not. prove effective, take the matter

up with the officers of the State Bank-

ers’ Association to the end that the

situation may be generally understood

among the bankers of the state. Pub-

licity of a. condition of this kind will

undoubtedly be an active force toward

remedying it. '



Singly the farmers of any commu-

nity who need additional funds for use

in their business are not in a position

to remedy the difiiculty for the reason

that any effort to do so ,will destroy

even such credit as they now enjoy

with local institutions. But if collec-





00 tive action is taken there will be a bet-





ter prospect of getting a square deal

from the local institution without such

injury, or of getting relief through the

action of the conservative bankers of

the state, whom we are certain would

not look with favor upon exploiting

methods of the kind which seem to

have been practiced upon the farmers

of many sections of northern Michigan.



Of course, the man who is in need of

funds and who cannot give adequate

security has less cause for complaint

at being required to pay a high rate of

interest than has the responsible farm-

er, since the hazard in making such

loans is bound to be a factor in the

interest rate demanded, but there

seems to be plenty of evidence to show

that in many localities exorbitant rates

of interest. are secured on perfectly

safe loans by local banks, most of

which are, so far as we. have learned,

private institutions.



Perhaps in many of these localities

there is not sufficient business to sup-

port a bank at a reasonable interest

charge for loans. In such cases it

would be profitable for the farmers of

these communities needing long-time

loans to act, in a collective way to se-

cure capital from outside sources if

possible. This would be necessary in

any event under any form of rural

credit which is likely to be inaugurat-

ed in this country, and such action

promises much in the way of definite

results if approached in an intelligent

and business-like manner by the farm-

ers of any community in which exorbi-

tant interest charges are now the rule

rather than the exception.





The news items from

The Good Roads different localities in

Question. Michigan where the

good roads question

is exciting an interest which prompts

definite action toward road improve-

ment show something of the general

interest which is being taken in this

proposition throughout the state. At

the coming April election the farmers

of many counties and many townships

will have the opportunity to vote di-

rectly upon this question of special

highway improvement.





~ In numerous counties the question of

issuing bonds for the building of good

roads will be voted upon. There is

much to be said in favor of this meth-

od of securing trunk line roads, provid-

ed the bond issue proposed is not out

of proportion to the valuation of the

county and the future ability of the

taxpayers of the county to discharge

the burden of cost as it may come due

without material hardship. Without

doubt, where roads are built in con-

siderable stretches, much greater econ-

omy in construction can be practiced

and the advantage of letting a contract

for considerable stretches on a com-

petitive plan will be enjoyed. Then,

too, the roads will be of greater benefit

to a larger number of people than

would be the case for many years were

the piecemeal policy to be continued

for the building of trunk lines or coun—

ty roads. This policy is well adapted

to the needs as well as the means of

townships which are building perma-

nent roads under the state reward

plan, but the trunk line roads to be of

greatest value should be completed

within a short space of time.



Short stretches of good road on a





route used mostly for longer hauls or





1.





distances of travel are of far less val-

ue than is the case where the whgle

stretch is improved at one time. Then,

too, where the roads are constructed

in considerable stretches at a time, the

problem of their maintenance is simp-

lified to some extent. The experience

of counties in which the county road

system has been in force for some





' time is to the effect that bonding the





county for a sufficient sum’to make a.

good showing on permanent road con-

struction is a wise course.



Where this proposition is to be vot-

ed upon, however, the voters of the

townships involved should not permit

this question to overshadow the ques-

tion of proper preparation for the bet-

termth of the dirt roads within the

township. Here, too, the selection of

suitable highway officers is important.

While the utility of permanently im-

proved trunk line roads is unquestion-

ed, there is a great need for the im-

provement of all earth roads in prac-

tically every township, and for this

purpose liberal appropriations should

be made and competent officers select-

ed, to the end that road improvement

may, like a popular type of charity,

begin at home.





In a farm survey re-

cently made in a repre-

sentative M i s s o u r i

county, the advantages

of high school training were even

more clearly illustrated than in other

similar surveys, although such train-

ing has constantly been showu to be a

valuable asset to the farmer who has

enjoyed it, wherever the facts have

been brought out in a farm manage-

ment survey. In this case the average

length of high school training was ap-

proximately two years, yet,with this

brief high school training a markedly

increased efficiency was shown by the

group of farmers who had enjoyed it

as compared with the group of farmers

who had had no instruction beyond the

rural schools.



One factor in which this class ex-

celled was in the matter of efliciency,

the better educated men accomplish-

ing about one and one-fifth times as

much as men with less school training,

measured by the average number of

crop acres handled by each man. The

greatest benefit enjoyed .by the better

educated farmers as a class- was, how-

ever, a larger income which averaged

71.4 per cent greater than the average

man with less training. Adjusting the

labor income of each class in accord-

ance with the size of the business con-

ducted by each, it was found that oth-

er things being equal, the man with

high-school training still had about 40

per cent greater income than the man

with only a rural school education. It

was also found that the better educat-

ed men kept more live stock and seem-

ed to show greater ability in the or—

ganization and handling of their busi-

ness.



It is a very natural effect that edu-

cation should broaden a man’s mind

and increase his ability along every

line; this is generally accepted to be

the case in most lines of human activ-

ity, but too long the notion has prevail-

ed that mental training was not essen-

tial to the best success on the farm.

This theory is, however, being .shat-

tered in practically every case where

data. of this kind is collected in farm

management surveys. It means that

the farmer of the future will not only

have high school training but technical

training as well. This promises much

for the future of agriculture as a. busi-

ness.





Education as

an Asset.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.



The European War. ——The German

offensive against Verdun has, in the

eyes of military experts, practically

failed. Not onl yhave the French. forc-

es been able to repulse the attacks of

the enemy, but after withstanding re-

peated assaults they are now starting

offensive operations themselves. Un-

official information intimates that the

failure has had a demoralizing effect

upon internal affairs in Germany. The





French have made several aerial at-

tacks upon the fortress of Hot: and

other positions back of the German

11m in the district of Verdun. In Bel-

gium British forces captured trenches

early in March. a. portion of which

were retaken by the Germans last

week. Berlin reports that the violent

Russian assaults on the front of Bids-

vaty Lake, at Postavy and at Naroca

Lake have all been repulsed with ex-

traordmarlly heavy Russian losses. 0n

the other hand, the Russians report a

German offensive in the northern div-

v1sion of the front cut short through an

active response by the Czar’s forces.

The Russians continue to drive the

Turks before them in Asia Minor and

are now operating in the region of

Mamahatun. Small engagements have

occurred between French and German

forces on the frontier between Greece

and Macedonia. in which the French

were successful. Greek troops also

drove Bulgarian invaders out of Greek

territory. The Austrians have been

pushing forward in Albania and have

now arrived before the Italian posi-

tions at Avlona which is 58 miles south

of Durazzo.



The Brazilian government, accord-

ing to reports, has seized 42 German

and Austrian merchant ships interned

in Brazilian harbors.



Frank Danby, novelist, really Mrs.

Frankau, author of a score of novels,

died in her home in London, England,

last Saturday.





National.





The Mexican Expedition.-—-United

States troops crossed into Mexican ter-

ritory last week following the attack

on the town of Columbus, N. M., by a

force of Mexican revolutionists headed

by Gen. Villa. The American troops

under command of General Funston

are cooperating with Mexican forces

under the direction of the Carranza ad-

ministration in an attempt to capture

Villa and his followers. Early this

week it was reported that the bandit

chief was hemmed in on three sides

near Babricora Lake, which is about

55 miles south of Galeana. Although

he appears to be surrounded, Villa is

occupying a country in which it is dif—

ficult to attack him, and much will de-

pend upon the co-operation of the Mex~

ican and United States forces





United States ships operating on the

Pacific coast have placed an embargo

on freight destined for any Mexican

ports.



The first annual national assem-

blage of the League to Enforce Peace

will be held in Washington on March

26-27. Former President Taft will pre-

side at the session.



During the spring elections in Illi—

nois, 59 “wet" townships, in which

there are 1,002 saloons, and 77 town-

ships now “dry,” will ballot on the

question of local option. Two weeks

later 17 cities and villages of the same

state will be confronted with the same

1ssue.



Efforts will be made for an early ad-

journment of the present session of

Congress, probably about the first of

June. President Wilson and members

of Congress are reported to be co-op-

erating with the purpose in mind.



The torpedo boat destroyer Tucker

during her trials off the Maine coast

showed speed of 30.85 knots per hour,

which is over a knot faster than her

contract calls for.



Railroad trainmen on practically ev-

ery road in the country are demanding

a reduction in hours of labor from ten

to eight, but. with the same pay they

are now receivmg.



The Pennsylvania Railroad has

awarded a contract for the erection of

a $9,000,000 hotel opposit eits terminal

in New York City.



The German-American Alliance of

Iowa in annual session at Davenport

adopted resolutions opposing the elec-

tion in November of either Woodrow

Wilson or Theodore Rosevelt for the

presidency of the United States.



Six barns and 12 horses were burned

in a fire at the Michigan State Fair

grounds north of Detroit Sunday. The

damage is estimated at $60, 000. Large

quantities of automobiles and trucks

were being stored in adjacent build-

ings, but were saved through the re-

sponse of the Highland Park fire de-

partment.



A movement is afoot to build a big

drain to reclaim several thousand acres

of swamp land in Midland county. The

d1 am will extend across into Bay coun-

ty, and will necessitate the dredging

of a portion of Kawkawlin river.





The Homer Co-operative Live Stock

and Produce Association, at its annual

meeting March 6, reported a member-

ship of over one hundred. and a busiv

ness exceeding $80, 000 during the past

year. The principal business is ship-

ping live stock, of which they handled

over 70 decks during the same period.

The association also ships in corn, cot»

tonseed meal and mill feed and other

products used by farmers. The out-

look for the future of the society looks

very promising—C. D. Sabin, Sec.





 





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$1;ch 25.1916.





DOing thfi . BCSt WC KHOW R. D. BAILEY





Y the time this article is in the



hands of the reader the month



of March will be well advanced.

In the southern portion of Michigan

such a date is close to the edge of

spring activities. In the northern por-

tion that 'date will probably find farm-

ers going about in sleighs. In neither

locality will there be a day more than

is needed for an adequate preparation

for the farm and field activities of 1916.



Intelligent preparation is a great fac-

tor in the success of an’army, an ath-

lete, a race horse, a great constructive

enterprise, or in the successful man-

agement of a farm. Watch the con-

struction of a great building in the

city, or of the look at the 800. Every

emergency is met‘ successfully because

it has been anticipated and planned

for; thus, the work swings confidently

forward to successful completion.



Not so with the typical farmer. Too

few of us are well prepared to success-

fully attack the routine occurrences of

a typical season, to say nothing of the

emergencies of that season. Too many

begin a season’s operations in apathy;

in time-honored routine, in lack of

mental preparation; in lack of physi-

cal preparation.



Preparations for the Season’s Work.



Have we all had the chance to make

that preparation? We have, or are in

the midst of the chance. The season

of farmers’ institutes and one—week

schools is practicallypast, and its op-

portunities have been ours. Tens of

thousands of Michigan’s best citizens

have availed themselves of its infor-

mation and its inspiration.



If chores‘actually kept some away,

there have been the long winter even-

ings, in which the wealth of good

things could have been garnered from





a high—class farm paper, a high-class/





dairy paper; .a high-class scientific

magazine; the bulletins from our agri-

cultural college' and the United States

Department of Agriculture, all contain-

ing precious information. No inner

circle nor select few have a monopoly

of these. If there is any farmer or

member of his family, who has failed

to secure what he needs of these it is

his own fault.



For the shut-in there are a few

books, too, that he could use with

much profit; no matter how long his

years of experience—Vivian’s “First

Principles of Soil Fertility;” Agee’s

“Crops and Methods for Soil Improve-

ment;” King’s “The Soil;” Warren’s

“Farm Management;” Henry’s “Feeds

and Feeding;” for a farmer who does

not read a reasonable amount of the

recent literature of his ,great business

is only half as good a farmer as he

might be.



Applying Our Knowledge.



Let us take the hopeful View that

the farmer, really entering into the

spirit of his business, has faithfully

used his opportunities for information,

he now has the test of putting this in-

formation and these reminders into

timely practice. The writer has often

heard at institutes: “These things are

all right;' but I can’t take time to do

all you recommend.” Brother, isn’t it

more the lack of disposition to do the

best we know? All through life, “Not

failure, but low aim is crime.”



Some engineers, making their runs

have more than a hundred signals to

observe while passing over their di-

visions; but, not all at once. They

need only promptly and intelligently

to observe them as they reach them.

So with the successful farmer: he

need but take one thing at a time and

at the right time. If he lacks seed

corn, he will write in time to secure a

sufficient amount from the east, west

or north. If it has arrived he cart earn

fifty dollars, on a stormy day, by test-

ing it; and, at the same time place

himself in the earning class with doc-

tors, dentists, lawyers, and consulting

engineers. If the winter’s studies have ,

shown him the necessity of treating





 





l.





THE MICHIGAN iFARMEIR





oats and wheat for smut, and potatoes

for scab, he will now secure a gallon

jug of formalin at wholesale for that

purpose. If he has determined to raise

potatoes, he will now secure his supply

of Paris green, or arsenate of lead, in

quantities. If he intends to use Bor-

deaux mixture on potatoes or fruit, he

will secure his copper sulphate now,

in large quantities, preferably in a

club order. The same is true of his

binding twine. Following on the heels

of the unprofitable season of 1915, the

price that is now asked for these nec-

essities is alarming. The price that

will probably be exacted of the belat-

ed user, before the period of use is

past, will probably goad many to a

frenzy.

More “Preparedness."



Agricultural preparedness has been

urged at all these institutes, and in

all our standard agricultural papers;

so the shop that should be on every

farm, will be a scene of activity while

tools are sharpened, repaired, adjust-

ed, painted.



Has the farmer, during the winter,

become convinced of the benefits of

lime? It is none too early, and none

too late, to have that car of marl or of

ground limestone arrive, while its con-

tents can be hauled most conveniently.

Does he, at last, believe that phos—

phoric acid is a seriously lacking ele-

ment of plant food in his soil? This

is a good time to order some, to be

applied after the lime is well worked

in. Does the self-binder need new can-





Providing Against the Depreciation of the Farm Horse Power.





 





By





chasers, if it can be found at any price.

The Farm Work.



Having done all these, and many

more things of the same tenor, we will

suppose that spring has arrived, and

that it is time to fit the soil. Shall our

farmer be overcome by an unwise

haste to put seed into the ground, and

neglect vital points in the preparation

of the seed bed? Will he do what he

knows is right, or will he say: “0,

well, I guess this way will do for one

time more. I’m .in a hurry." Will he

neglect to disc before he plows; to roll

each day what he plows; to drag what

he rolled and plowed that day; to drag

more frequently than usual, thus re-

newing the soil mulch that conserves

water so valuable in plant growth?

Will he remember to drag the fall

plowing, the first field operation of the

year? We hope so.



Will he remember that, in a sense,

fine tillage is manure? Will he re-

member what he learned during the

winter about the importance of bacte-

rial life in agriculture, and make con-

ditions favorable for bacterial action?

Will he remember, in sowing his grass

seed, that a ton of timothy takes as

much plant food from his soil as a ton

of corn; that the Department of Agri-

culture states, in Farmers’ Bulletin 339

that, when the actual feeding value of

digestible nutrients in a ton of timo-

thy hay is worih $9.80, that in a ton of

clover hay is $14.12, and in a ton of

alfalfa hay $20.16?



When he is preparing his seed pota-





 





 





vasses or other repairs? A winter’s

day is a good time to order them.



The engineer, rushing through the

night, notices his signal lights, one by

one, and methodically obeys them.

Were he to contemplate all these at

once, with the many times he must

stop and start his train, with other

cares of his run, it would be almost

too much for his mental balance. So,

all the requirements of the new type

of farming can be taken in their turn,

and be brought into successful prac-

tice.



Knowing that winter vetch has great

Value as a nitrogen gatherer, cover

crops, and source of organic matter,

our thoughtful farmer will watch for

an early chance to secure an adequate

supply of this seed, and will remem-

ber to sow it in his corn just before he

cultivates that crop the last time. , He

will secure all his grass seeds now.

He will now write on his desk calendar

at a date about two weeks before he

will need it: “Send for culture for

legume seed today.”



If the farmer intends to bring new

blood into his herd, he will send for

that brood sow, or that young regis-

tered boar, and get wthe pick of the

breeder’s offerings. He will begin look-

ing for a chance to sell surplus horses,

for they will sell well with the spring

work so imminent. He will begin early

to look for horses or hired man, if he

needs either, and get the pick of the

lot. If he grows potatoes or beans, he

is unwise if he delays another day his

search for seed. Suitable seed of eith-

er will be scarce and high to late pur-





toes will he have patience to cut a few

slices off' the stem end in search of a

discolored area, the sign of disease?

Will he remember that the three great

things in his farming will always be

lime, organic matter, and water; and

that organic matter is the keystone of

the arch in agriculture?



If he has had the rare privilege of

having an agricultural survey made of

his farm, will he have faith enough to

reorganize his operations in accord-

ance and strive for the good size, good

quality, and good diversily which gov-

ernment agents find necessary? Will

he haye the courage to apply the acid

test of the milk scales, Babcock test,

and account book to the cows?



When he comes to harvest the splen-

did corn crops that will again be grown

will he remember that the Colorado

Experiment Station found that 43 per

cent of the dry mailer weathered out





 

 

 





 





 





of corn stover kept. in small shocks;

and that the Wisconsin Station found

a loss of 24.3 per cent of protein in

stalks so kept, while the losses of dry

matter through well-made silage need

not exceed five per cent? ‘



Will his idealism be. great enough

to cause him to breed his stock always

to pure-bred sires? When he repairs

his barn, will he remember the light,

fresh air, and outlet for foul air his

stock requires? Will he go on wasting

plant food, every year becoming more

valuable, by allowing his stable ma-

nures to leach and heat; or will he





cover and compact them when he can- ' ' A





not spread them almost daily? We

trust so.





0





 

 

 





3—419 ,





 





look For the Dealer

Who Displays This Sign





I ,





V2“ "$35.





:‘oé‘l‘Skids Wi+h

BUI LT- IN

MAGNETO





‘3 H.l-"."$ 60¢

6 H.P.- $ ”0.x

ALL r-'.o.a. FACTORY





A Fairbanks-Morse quality engine,

at a popular price. The greatest

engine value offered.





“More Than hated Power





and a Wonder at the Price”





Simple—Light Weight-Substantial-Fool- a

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Bore —_Leak-proof Compression -- Com-



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low. fuel .cost —- low .maintenance cost.

Long,efiic1ent.economical“power service."





See lho “Z” and You’ll Buyll .





Go to the dealer who displays the sign shown

above. See the features that make it the

one best on me “buy" for you. When you buy

an engine rom.your dealer you deal with a

local re resentatrve of the manufacturers. He

stands ehind the engine he sells. He’s respon—

sible to you. He’s at your servme to see that you

are satisfied.





FAIRBANKS, MORSE 8: 00., CHICAGO .





All Fairbanks-Morse dealers sell "Z"

engines on a zone carioad low

freight basxs. If you don’t



know the local dealer— ‘

write DB.





11.:





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05 .‘A. of.



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Successful





 





new. ,; seAlfalfa Grinder





The Letz outfit (Grinder and Ill...

Alfalfa Cutter attachment) grinds 400 l -



-

to (200 lbs. alfalfa mcal per hour with a S I

-h. p. engine. Also grinds clover hay, all -

lands grain. snap com (corn. cob, husks) -

kaflir corn in the head. etc. Grinds oat hulls

or screenings to flour. Silent running. self.





 

 





   

   





   

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





-. aligning, sclf-sharpcning—uscs 257. less gas. Pays for

- FEED sell by saving in cost olgrind-

: HZScll‘Sl-upui' ’33..“ "‘3 P'ms



- . Ten Day: Trial. Monc

E World'sBcsl Feed Gllldm back if not satisfactory.



= Write for This Free Book



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Slate h. p. of your engine and we'll send you a

valuable 48-pagc book on feeding farm animals, free.





: LE'I'Z arc. ca, 210 baled, aw. Point, Ind. v

'allnull-Inlnunuufl'





 





Saves l5% lo 20% of Feed





 

 

 

 





 





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Keep Stock Healthl . i

a... .. m... ma. 2mm a." ,r. .-

ifimgs gasping] it; 10 sizes 2 to 25 . VI ‘



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ferent from all Daggrsgnnders—dlf ? A



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lightest Running Q "ll/all “ii

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Feed Mills .3} ’



Handy too . - ' Y K "



state size of gihitingisnlgy’hy' and a 'l" l M

6 also make Sweep Grinders.

”‘55 Mafia? $123.2?



0- N. P. BO WSIIER 00.



South Bond. Ind.





 





   

   

   





 





 





. lode Buy—Bigger

h crops-better films with

For: Ditch»

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Cots ditch to! to. Grade: roads.

M—Pmfical~Adjustable —- Reversible

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Boon pays for itself.

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llvoolhorolllohoral «Gabe. ”8830. mm.”-
Take it Easy,





THE. MICHIGA





Let The ‘OLDS’ Do It





“No Friend Like an ‘OLDS’ Friend”





SATISFAQTIQN is the thing- you think you

are DUYIlelg in tan Iengine and it‘s the tIlJiBlg

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BECAUSE tho bestmatcrial and the best work-

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gasoline and repair bills; its special features

are designed for the greater convenience,





economy and service to the owner.





Note





the Mixer illustrated here: no moving parts,

to wear out. no pump to re-paek, no plunger

to get out of order. This is one ofthe exclus-

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Get our prices and guarantee—more attractive





and liberal than ever.





BE AN OLDS OWNER





Reliance Engineering Co.,

No. 997 Chestnut SL.





lanshg, Michigan.





 





 





Minnesota Grown Early Ohios 84.00 per 150 pound Sack.

E C. BAKER & SUNS. J ackson. Mich. Ref. Jackson Savings Bank, Produce Reporter 00., Chicago.





SEED POTATOES





Cash with order. Spring delivery, order now-





 





. and get our low prices, also our valuable Profit—Sharing

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want Inc. Address AMER! AN Moron. stnpounur.

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Low Prices. 'I‘nke no chances b sowing damaged Send to '.

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of the Saginaw.





Address Dept. 117





 





Dc. Hones. In.





 





First to apply the strength of a steel

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First to use the All-Steel Door Frame for Silos.





First to introduce decay-proof; non-shrinking,

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First to treat Yellow Pine with Siloil, giving it

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First to apply Siloseal to wood joints, makin

a secure, air-tight, moisture-proof, rigid bon





First to put on the market the Reinforced





Saginaw—the Gold Medal Silo





These facts prove conclusively the leadership of the

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meritthat won the Gold Medal for the Saginaw

Silo at the Panama-Pacific Exposition.





The unquestioned high standing of the Saginaw Silo—

its leadership and success demand your considera-

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silo. Investigation will show you that continual

improvement has been the byword of the makers





Write for interesting silage feeding facts and in-

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The McClure Company





Saginaw. Mich. Cairo. m. It. Worth. Texas. St. Paul. Minn.





 





 





 





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NgFARMER





Farm Notes





Liming for Alfalfa.





I have a. field of four acres which I

seeded the spring of 1912 to alfalfa

’with a. little June clover, also one

bushel of barley to the acre. I got a

‘fair crop of barley, but not a very good

lstand of alfalfa. I sowed a little lime

but not near enough. I cut the first

crop in 1913, another in 1914, then

pastured the balance of the season.

Last spring, 1915, I plowed it up and

planted it to beans. Had over 20 bush-

els to the acre, which was good for

last year. This field is in a good state

of cultivation. This spring I intend to

sow it to oats. Will fit the ground

with my lever drag, as it was clean

from weeds and grass. After oat har-

vest I will plow the ground and fit it

for alfalfa. Now, which will be the

best time to lime this field, before I

sow the oats or after I get it fitted for

alfalfa? ,



Jackson Co. L. C. L.





There is no question but that it

would be better to apply the lime this

spring so that it may have plenty of

time to act on this soil before the seed

is sown. Ground limestone does not

have an immediate effect in sweeten»

ing an acid soil so as to permit the

rapid multiplication of bacteria pecu-

liar to the alfalfa plant, hence the de-

sirability of having the application

made some time before the seed is to

be sown.



The writer has had quite satisfac-

tory results in seeding the alfalfa in

oats on land that had previously been

in alfalfa and was well inoculated. The.

oats were. sown at the rate of only 20

pounds per acre with the idea of mak-

ing a cover crop rather than an out.

crop. The oats were sown very late

when the conditions were thought to

be most favorable for alfalfa, yet un-

der these conditions a yield of better

than 30 bushels per acre was secured

last year. We shall try the same plan





. this year, since half an oat crop and a





vigorous stand of alfalfa is better than

a. full crop and a. weak stand of alfalfa

where the main object is to get the

land into alfalfa as soon as possible.

Plowing oat stubble after harvest to

seed to alfalfa is an uncertain proposi-

tion, since if a drouth should prevail it

would be quite impossible to prepare

a good seed bed and be sure of fav-

orable conditions for the quick germi-

nation and rapid growth of the alfalfa

plants, which is very essential where.

they are sown late in the season. Un-

favorable conditions at this time would

spoil the prospect of getting a stand of

alfalfa, since one cannot be sure of gel-

ting a stand which will pass the first

winter successfully unless sown not

later than August first. We believe

that a much better stand of alfalfa

would be secured in oats or barley

than was secured at the first seeding

of this field, particularly if a liberal

application of lime was made, and that.

in a normal season this plan would be

preferable to plowing the ground and

fitting the same after oat harvest.

Seeding with Vetch and Rye.





I have a field of three acres of sand

vetch and rye that went. into the Win-

ter with a. good growth. Would 1 be

able to sow clover seed on this field

and expect a fair stand? I will cut the





 





. vetch and rye for grain. Can hairy





vetch be sown with cats to be plowed

under after the oats are harvested or

used for pasture? Would it be safe to

top-dress cats that I expect to seed,

with manure that has considerable

straw in it?



Clare Co. L. R. S.





We have no data with regard to the

feasibility of seeding clover with vetch

and rye. Ordinarily vetch is sown as

a green manure crop for increasing

the humus content of light soils which

have become depleted in fertility, and

on which clover seeding is secured

with difficulty. On land of this type

the difficulty of getting a stand ‘of clo—

ver in vetch and rye would be less

than with a grain crop alone, owing to

the more dense shade which these two

plants growing together would pro-

duce. The ordinary hairy or winter

vetch does not give maximum results

when sown in the spring with oats; it

is better sown in midsummer with rye.

Oats could be safely top-dressed with

manure, provided a spreader is used or





 





MARCH 25', 1916. '





care is taken in spreading to get an

even distribution of the material.

Seeding Alfalfa on Low Land.



It is my desire to start a field of ab

falfa clover and I have planned as fol‘

lows: I have a 10-acre field of black

clay loam, heavy land and very sticky

when wet, with a. hardpan underneath

about three feet down. This field is

in excellent shape, always raises heavy

crops, was manured last spring with

spreader, and raised a crop of corn

that went 125 baskets to the acre.

This field has always had for 15 years

back at least every third crop to clo-

ver; the only drawback this field has

IS that it is quite level. I drain it by

plowmg 1n 10-pace lands and cleaning

out the dead furrows. I should think

1t had about one and a half to two foot

fall for drainage. Now I thought I

would plow it in June and work it until

I got a. good seedbed then sow to al‘

ialfa Without any nurse crop, in order

lo_give it the best chance possible. In

this case do you think I would have to

inoculate the Soil, and would I be able

to cut a crop the first year? What do

you think of my plan? I never had any

experience with alfalfa and must con-

less I have not paid much attention to

the articles along that line in your pa.

per, because I did not think it was

adapted to this vicinity. Last year I

saw some very fine stands within ten

miles of here so I have made a start

by getting two and three-fourths bush-

els of choice seed.



Huron Co. G. K.



There is some question about the ad-

visability of sowing alfalfa on ground

where the water table is so near the

surface as three feet. This is one con-

dition which alfalfa does not readily

overcome. It may be possible to get

fairly permanent stands of alfalfa on

land not haying a greater depth than

three feet, but this is probably the min-

imum depth of drainage for the alfalfa

crop, and a greater depth would be

much better. The fact that clover has

done well upon the land year after

year is a factor in its favor, however.



We would suggest that a. better way

lo try this plan would be to seed to

clover again this year, using about, one-

half alfalfa seed, and sowing a little

more seed than is ordinarily used on

this land, so that you will be assured

of a profitable seeding in case the al-

falfa does not inoculate readily, or

does not survive the shallow drainage

conditions with which it has to con-

tend.



Forage Crops for Sandy Land.





Kindly advise me as to the follow-

ing: 1 have 120 acres of high, dry

sand here that is getting poorer every

year through failing to get clover to

grow. Have done most of the seeding

with rye. Corn does very well. I tried

an acre of cowpeas and they did fine.

I cut them for hay. Does sand vetch

and cowpeas make good cattle and

sheep pasture? Would you advise

planting rye and vetch the last of Aug-

ust for pasture next year. Would not

turn in until it was a good size and

when that was gone I would start on

the cowpeas, which should be a good

size then. Would put the vetch field in

wheat.



VVashtenaw Co. H. W.



The best method of procedure with





an open sandy soil which has gotten

into such condition that it will not suc-

cessfully grow clover is to restore its

fertility and mechanical condition so

that clover can again be grown. Other

forage crops such as cowpeas and sand

or hairy vetch, can in the meantime

be used to provide necessary forage

and also as a means of adding humus

lo the soil by plowing same down in

preparation for other crops. Probably

one reason why clover seedings are

procured 011 this soil with increasing

difficulty is its need of lime. Nearly

all soils of this character in Michigan

are found upon test to be acid, and a

liberal application of ground limestone

will produce markedly beneficial re-

sults in the matter of securing clover

seedings.



The crops mentioned will make good

substitute pasture and forage crops,

although for sheep particularly dwarf

Essex rape will provide a better sub-

stitute forage crop than either of those

mentioned, particularly for midsum-

mer pasture. Rye and sand vetch sown

in midsummer will make excellent ear-

ly spring pasture, and rape sown in

early spring will afford good sheep and

hog pasture during the midsummer

season. If rye and vetch pastured in





 





 





— m—fie ‘~— «ww-n





___.._. __... ‘ cg“





 





i
v: * -‘ w~mcgg§,;1sle. ll . ~ ' '~ THE MFCH‘IG'AN FAR'ME‘R 7 ‘ ‘ 5-421





the spring are to be plowed down for be distributed much more satisfactor-

wh‘eat,‘ the crop should be turned. un- ily and can beexamined for purity

der before the seed is formed and ma— with some degree of certainty as to

tured to a. point where it will germi- the results.

nate, as the selfseeded vetch coming Ten to twelve pounds per acre of

up in the wheat would make it neces- good hulled seed should be sufficient

sary to run the wheat through a vetch to insure a good stand if fair germina-

separator in order to separate the tion is secured.

vetch seed before it could be market- Seeding Sweet Clover in Rye.

ed to advantage. With the use of lime ll Illale a field sown to gyetlgst falé

and the turning down of green manure $05231. “$21 sapllli‘rlgfs Vlltilefil il‘nbe 33$;

crops thls depleted sandy 8011 can to go over it with a spiketooth harrow

again be pilt into condition to grow after seeding? Would the chances be

clover successfully, which will be the better to get9 a good catch to inocu-

most profitable method of handling it. laggatlgglzigg- Co. C. B. F.

Alfalfa on Sandy Soul.





. . It would in the writer’s opinion be

' 1 e . ’ . . ’

3,03: EEK/i123 igg€€2fi§figfk§7mofi ((1131; better to insure a light covering of the





|+¢ well as red clover or alsike, does it sweet clover seed by harrowing or

- make as good hay and as g00d pas- drilling it in, particularly if it is to be





ture? Would like to know also if sweet sown on a light open soil. It would be





00 ha and asture. . . .

c‘fit’ggéfigkgfie d y SUBSCRIBER. a Wise precaution to inoculate the seed





Alfalfa can be grown on any fairly with a pure culture, although this will

fertile sandy soil if the right condi- not insure the success of the seeding





tions are provided. Practically all unless the soil is in the proper condi— ‘



sandy land needs a liberal application tion to encourage the development 0f W Are P d

of lime in preparation for alfalfa, ,and these bacteria: e r e are



' enough available fertility should be LonaeVIty of Bean Seed.





provided to give the plants a vigorous Will two-year-old b93118 make as





start. Ordinarily on sandy land which @3518 $3231 :31 31338:, $133311 slgfdugeght! Within the Wldclloundaries of which completely covers _Oul'

has been somewhat run in previous wouldn’t do anything afterward.’ My our country, embracmg more than country With its network of Wires.





years, it is better to summer fallow beans this year were not very good, ' - - . , .

the ground until July, then sow when- hilt the two-year—old beans afie fine. three mllhon square mics? dwell a T1113 marvelous 5375mm '5 the





ever soil and weather conditions are I'lflllldgeciglno doubt that any sid‘lbs bundled "“1110“ people. result of keen forlfaght an? pf!-

. . Th. - u o o o g -

favorable Wlthom any nurse crop .18 es something of its viability in stor— They live in Cities, towns, Vll- ”Stem CEO.“ .0“ t e part 0 tee

involves the loss of the field during . ‘ . phonespecrallsts who have en deav-

the year, but where the crop has not age- However, an} Oldlnary seed, that lages, hamlets and remote farms. d f th ’1} t . d

previously been grown and the soil is 11:13 beendl‘tépt ,undflr geaionably law.” They are separated by broad rivers. are mm c ’3'} 9 prov1 e a

not inoculated for it, success is apt to a etfion 1 “me W1 e ound to glve ru ecl mountains and arid deserts. means of communication embrac-

be much better where this method is prac lcally as good results the second . 88 ing our whole country, Connecting

The best authorities state that the The concerted aCtlon Of this every state and every commumty.





. followed at the first seeding. year as the first year after it is grown.



l Alfalfa makes excellent hay for all _ . l . . Cl (l , . , , .



l kinds of animals and gives a much average period for which bean seed far-flung popu ation ls epen ent to Its last Indlwdual umt.

better yield than clover after it is well “”111 trhetamt‘ts “filmy {S hthree Years: upon a common understanding. The Bell System is a distinctly

established, although the first year it an e ex renie mm 913 t years. In Onl b a [1le '81m le and . h. cl l)

- ~ . - ' b d ' ' f h y y 9 ' P American ac levement, ma e y

18 cut it may not give as heavy a yield usmg can see , 01 1“ act any 0t 91‘ f ”l f . t ni- . _ .

where it is seeded for the first time. seed WhICh has been stored over even U“ a! mg means 0 m ercommu Americans for Americans, and Its





It is better for the inexperienced farm- one season, it is better to make a cation con“ our people be m: fikeisnottobefound inalltl’ieworlcl.





er to experiment with, alfalfa on a {germination test to determine itsvital- stantl united in an cause. - ~ _

small scale unless he can well afford lty. If gOOd, Vlgorous germlnatlon IS y y Through It, OUT entll'e pOpLIla





 





 





+ to give his soil proper preparation for secured in the making of 511011 a test: ln its wonderful preparedness to tion may be promptly organized

the CI‘OD- filler: Deli? b? no fgar 1:“; that a“: inform itscitizensof anational need, for united action in any national

Seed'"9 °'°Ver W'th Rape' D an S W g1 0W an ma 8 a norma the United States stands alone and movement, whether it be for





I have ten acres of sandy soil which development. If the sprouts are weak, _ .

was in corn last season, which (IiWisth then weak plants are likely to result. unequaled. It can command the peace, prosperity, philanthropy or

to seed down this spring in or er 0 In makin a test of this kind it would ' '

obtain some pllasture from it during t1]? be bettergto use sonle fresh seed as a enhre Be“ Telephone system. armed FTOtCCtIOD.

summer. W at is your opinion 0 .

seeding this to clover, with rape, and check on the tests, then by comparing





how long after vseeding before I can the vigor of the sprouts secured in the



turn cattle on it- germination test, the comparative vig-

Eaton CO: .F' H' B' or of the seed could be accurately es-

The seeding of clover Wlth rape is timated



an entirely feaSlble propOSltion in a There is no question, however, but





“mm?” season. The writer has sev- that good clean bean seed which had

eral times gotten good seedings in this





. been carried over one year, if free ' '

way where the rape was pastured Wlth from the evidences of fungous diseases Save Half Li:;’:‘::“:;2‘:::

sheep and hogs, not being pastured too such as bacterial blight and anthrac ,

closely. Cattle, however, should have nose, it would be better policy to use

I some other pasture Wlth the rape for it than to use seed of last season’s





satisfactory results. A few oats sown growth that is infected to a greater

at the “me Of seeding the rape and degree, provided a fairly good germi-

clover would keep back the weeds and nation test is secured



help to make a better pasture for the The Value of Wheat Straw

cattle during the early part of the sea- I have seven acres of wheat on

SOIL A combination crop Of this kind shares, three and one-half acres for

could be used for pasture within eight my lfihlatilkee tingletollse 251151: nIeighbcflrs

or ten weeks of the time of sowing, W011 - pay or

weather streamers nightwear

tions which prevail. A liberal amount like to know if you or some reader

of clover seed should be sown, since could give me an idea how much straw





- ~ -1 there would be on an average crop per

the tramplng of the live stock Wll acre, or how much I could figure for





 





AMERICAN TECEF’HONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPAug

B AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES,

One Policy One System Universal Service





-M; -._ _-....—_ —





 





 





 

 

   





Use a double-action harrow—disk twice

at one going over. Save gasoline and keep

from compacting the soil by a second working.

But be sure the harrow has cur rigid main

frame that forces the rear disks to cut midway

of‘sthe fore disks-the only harrow where rear disks

cut as deep and do as much work as the fore disks.

leaving the land leve . Use a





C'ut‘awé . Double - Action

..-~.~— > , Engine Harrow





Its forged sharp disks cut deep with-

out bringing up trash; the dust-proof,

oil-soaked, hardwood bearings and

perfect balance make draft light; it

. as an adJustablc bitch, and is made



In sizes to fit all tractors, with





 

   





   

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

   

   





 





 

 





 





   

 

 





 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 

 





have a tendency to thm It. the whole of it, . it’yiafffié‘ifihffii’fif£23,533?

Hulled VS. Unhulled sweet clover Wayne CO. J H CUTAWAY, write to us direct.

- - Be sure to write us for our new

Seed. Under normal crop conditions per- . 9}??? b°9l"nflh°t§°”ba"t“§’

. l a c. a e 6 es

. . . I have ten acres of sandy land, nOW haps the most correct way to estimate . . ’°“’g"°“’°”bi“““‘ o

5 in rye. which I want to seed to sweet the value of the straw from the wheat ., ’ ‘ ‘ " y.‘ :4 The Cutaway Harrow Co.





gégléegttgfi ignfio 5):? Effiegnggl 1&3 crop is to estimate it in relation to the

I per 100 lbs.; which is the cheapest and number of bushels of wheat grown per '

how much shouldfbeespivrtlrn oaf $51121? uIsS acre.

i fillge lllllllefil Ssleletlifanfi hovg about scari- The apprOleate amount 0f Wheat ,

fled seed? straw from a 25-bushel per acre wheat

Sanilac Co. J. C. T. crop is approximated by the best au-

At the prices mentioned there would thorities at around 2,500 pounds, thus

perhaps not be a great difference in with a normal growth of straw on this

the cost of hulled and unhulled sweet basis, there would be a yield of ap- acresinteggg gwigfiggg‘lfltigsstgtfim Puller and

clover seed; however, the hulled seed proximately 100 pounds of straw for then decide whetheyr you want to keep it or ngt—hefol'eyounaylls

would, in the writer’s opinion, be much every bushel of wheat. Given, then, "WW!- ‘, '53,?!){2133;189:3333}:tgggrnggyglxggghggagfii333;

the better PI‘ODOSitiOD to buy. It is the value of the straw, which, of _, andsafertohandlethanany'otherstulnp

claimed as the result of some scientific course, varies with different localities, L— ”011:2... .. 2 2. Dullermade. Backed by the strongest guarantee.

investigations recently made, that the it would be easy to estimate the ap.





' ‘ M Maker of the original CLARK



,. ‘ 9;- disk barrows and plows

e m?) I - .

“'4 9211 Mun Sh. ngumun,

»' 3"” .._._‘ ‘ Cm.





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





   

   





 

 

   

 

 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





Right Now We fire Making

hulling of the seed has a very benefi- proximate value per acre through the A Special low Pnce Offer

cial effect in scarifying the hard shell application of this plan, by making ‘2': £3:°§2°.§2%..¥3".121°.;£:'.',‘.“'°" . ,

~. \ , _ _ OurFreeBookgivumuchvalunblelnd >

impervious to water, thus making the from the normal in the growth of “L; i .. ”my lmd,with ammu- "

immediate germination a doubtful straw as compared with grain in any ' - ”n'm“°"s-Wfi‘°f°m°°g;h

proposition. Then, too, the seed can given season. "Ml“. * ”u" '





 





   





Fan





It means a slash in stump puller prices that

of the seed, which is frequently almost the proper allowances for variations



reliable in emotion on clearing

DOM. moo. low.
Fire Blightx Destroys

fThousandschrees





FIRE BLICHT OF THE" APPLE

is SPREAD BY APHlS





APHIS CHECKSGRGW’THTJF TREES

APHlS CAUSES LEAVES TO CURL

APHlS DEFORMS FRUIT





DESTROY APHIS WITH'

“BLACK LEAF _4_o"





Guaranteed 40% Nicotine





Your dealer will furnish you this

effective insecticide in concentrated

fame-200 gallons of spray from

the 2-11). can costs $2.50—1.000

gallon. from the 10-lb.

conts $10.75.

not supply you We will

send it to you. express

prepaid, upon receipt

of price. Write for

Free Bulletins to

the addrels

below.





LEAF 4O





Nicotine

C’he KENTUCKY TOBACCO PRODUCT CO.





lNC()ll.l'Ullr\l l U





LOUISVILLE. KENTUCK Y.





“11111131





 





 





THE“MICHIG’-A"N





   

   

   

   

   

   

 





can

If he will





 

 





 





" 210111111: P11112335!

Hill'fimzétl .3113.

I FFICYIVE SHIV.





------------ ”a...“





' .hluludqiomflmcbfl 1





 

 





 





 

 

 





 

 





 





 

   

   

 





 





 





V





 





Book Sent





APPLES FREE





You MUST have our new cata-

logue it you wont to know real

values in nursery st11ck.Applos.

Peaches, Pears, Berries, Orna-

mentols. etc. It is FREE.

Write for it today. SURE. and

compare the values with others.

It will nwvo t'you money. Drop a

postal N0





Progress Nursery Co.. Troy. 0.





 

 

 





 





All hardy stock—twice trans~

planted-root pruned.





Pro-

tect buildings, stock, crops.

Hill’s Evergreen Book, illustra-

ted in colors. Free. Write today.





T, <ll. Hill Hum C11..- « III

Dundee. Ill. vergreen Specialists





 





 





'Ma1111f.1ct111"1-1s of

H1st Qualtiv Fruit

l’uckngcs. 1111s]; 1' ts.

1 (‘1'11t1's. etc.



1 Write 1111‘ 19111011ta-



log and price list.



Augusta, Mich.

Box 52.





 

 





" BASSVVOOD QUARTS' '





“STRAWBERRY PLANTS

THAT GROW”





‘l 1: mill] SHIV F.“ , Best -l ‘1111- bearer: Also Std.

.111111 sorts including our New Seedling ”COL.

ll\'.\“' 11 1111 Assortment other Emit Plants.

'atulog FR 1‘ l



. . Whitten’ 8 Nurseries,





 





 





Box (14) Bridgman. Mich.

STRAWBERRY 11101.11 11110) Northern G111wn

P111111: 11.0rnmnentul Shrubs

211111111111111111s.chr111\ s1lldiro-1t, guarantm topl1-us1

“1111-1111 l'm- illustr ated l lant Book. Address 13. .1.

3111110 'Iin. H11 St. 111111111 Nursery Box 4151 St. 11151 ph Michigan.





 





Strawberry Plants





All st 11111 mi varieties at $1. 50 to 82. 50 1000.

I~: \ 1R 1 11A Althu at $1. .50 per 101) P BTPAID

.431) mums :11 $2. 50 per 1000. Grapes raspberries. etc

L‘ :;11 111130. fIcc.L11rgc stock. Try 1111





THE ALLEGAN PLANT CO. Allegan, Mich.





Strawberry Plants





91.00 or 1000 ore. Beat Michigan Stock. 100

var-it oinclu nu lvorboororl. n‘ so Grapes, ltaspborriel and

other err-nil fruit (.5 Send touay for FIEEO tel."



ALI-EGAN NUMEIY. IOX 20 ALLIIAN. MIC“.

All Varieties





STRAWB ER R I Es catalog Free





Rohly'e famou- Michigan-p lento. Only hardy well

rooted . All vnrietics—Strawberry Raspber'?‘



lilackberr Currant etc“ including the [Vina



STRAWI



l. I. MEI-V.





er





 





 





In". Write .toda ox‘.euro 13‘5"» coral“.





 





Plants





Fruit Plants





Strawberry

And other Small





Box 368. Leslie. )uon- Catalog Free.





 





WHOLESALE PRICES

[c.11- ...:e:.::.8.;:.:..w~a:: firmer M]





5511;111:111:an «m-





FIII to UI

and mum





Mother in

”I‘ll“





mom. "I“.





A FARMER’S GARDEN





mum

Helps his wile to plan her table in busy times. Saves work

and w.orry saws buying so much n1c1t. gives better Salis-

faction to the help. A good garden will be almost impossi-

blc 111 your busy life without proper tools. They cost little

and save much hard work.





[RONAG'EXil‘Eill’EE





will sow. cultivate, ridge. furrow, etc. .. better than you can

with 0111- fashioned tools and ten times quicker. A woman.

boy or girl can do it. ( .111 pl111t closc- and work these 11.11111

tools while the horses text. 38 combinations

from whirh to choose at $2. 50 to 312.0111:

combined tool 1111] do all of the work.

' Ask your dcnlcr to show them and

"Gardening

Free.





MTEMMT

IT'S to.

Box 242





Grenloch. ll. .1.





I II I I Ifllllllllllflllllll





1'0' K. Champion Sprayer.

. NSURE the

1| ‘3‘ 1"





 

 

 

 

 

   





write us for booklet.

\\ 1111 Modern Tools"





   





 





   

 

 





   

 





‘7 “1'





‘1" potatoes and

1 111.





other



v e 0-



tab es.

also



fruit and



trees from dis-



ease and pests.





ALI. BRASS

double acting high prel-

euro pump with relief valve. Absolute satis-





faction Wn to today for our FREE

DESCRIPTIVE LITERATURE, ETC.





describing Sprayers, Planters, Diggers. etc.

”amnion Potato Machlnory 00.,

155Ch1'cago Avenue. Hammond, Indiana.





   

 

 

 





 





 





 





r





 





   





our sales

office near-

est you for

prices and

terms on fertil-

izers adapted to

your soil and crops.

Sand for Booklet - FTC.

The American Agricul-

tural Chemical _Co.

New York. Baltimore. Phil-

adelphia. Bufl'alo. Cin-

cinnati. Cleveland.

Detroit.





   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 

 

   

   

 





 





BIG MONEY I





E III





 

 





 





 

 

 





myour orchard; plant mar”. roadside. WW“?





for a}: llioleculo prices on our-heard? A

a as e no ow 0 $0M

1312110112“ midg mycro and make from u;





perm extra You also set our 1916'».

FOUR-COLOR PURE SEED IOOK AND ‘





CU

Field. vegetable '





trees. plants-"all whmiri'odi’y.





machinations. 18511111111111.1111“ .'





_ aovm





uokh'sn and other

mp1; 1n hfimoruthlon you. eryllttlo are

and waste. uoh “thyetmam



do

toesgwfezn“ other variotlol of Gold abode. la.»

plus nd Instructions“ flow to MOM Seed” tree.

rib “In. 01'. 8001”! I museums lain SWvlflqO.





 





 





gratitude to the artist.





_ the picture.





gardens with no pariiality shown.





must be rooted out while young.

crop of onions will be nearly ruined by

allowing the weed crop to interfere

with the growth of the young plants

and it also greatly increases the ex-

pense of caring for the crop. The gar-

den which ls started with enthusiasm

often becomes burdened with _weeds_

before the harvest.





"-F'A'R‘M E R





HE home garden or f‘kitchen



garden,” which is to supply the



bulk of the family living during

the summer should receive a great

deal of co-operation from every mem-

ber of the family. It is now time to

study this garden and the work begins

with the ordering of seed catalogues.

These catalogues are rather interest-

ing, the pictures look much more ap-

petizing than the best vegetables you

will ever product, but if they stimulate





you to think of the home garden with





hope and optimism they have. served

their purpose and you owe a debt of

However, do

not select your seeds because you like

There are varieties of ev-

ery vegetable which are espcially suit-

ed to your locality and these varieties

have usually proven their worth in

your own or the neighbor’s garden. If

you are in doubt a note to the State

Experiment Station will be worth the

trouble and this is especially import-

ant when trying out new varieties on

a. large scale when considerable money

may be lost by the venture. Buy seeds

of reliable dealers, select well known

varieties. and then test the seed be-

fore planting Poor seed means a 11001

garden.



In planting the home garden study

the appetite of the family and base the

area of your production on the taste of

your consumers. There are too many

'1‘1111

rows of one thing means ten rows of

another and so on until the space is

nicely crowded with the stuff that Bill

and father do not relish. Bill likes

beet greens and so does father, lettuce

is only used for garnishing anyway, so

it will pay to plant about ten times as

much space to beets as you have in

lettuce. If they like lettuce better

than anything else, you will be able to

Use a lot of' it. A good variety with

plenty of the favored vegetables in

abundance will cut down the cost ol.‘

living when too much of the wrong

crop will mean indifferent care for the

entire garden.



The soil for the home garden needs

fertility as well as the fields which are

producing the feed for stock. Now is

the time to place plenty of good stable

manure on this {1011. If you are rais-

ing special vegetable crops on land de-

ficient in the elements which these

vegetables require. an investment in

commercial fertilizer will pay. The

money spent for commercial fertilizers

does not go easily, but examples of the

returns which are proving the value of

Using such materials cannot 11111 influ-

ence the farmer to use more of the





commercial brands on his soil. Mu-

nul'e, in most. instances, will keep 21

vegetable garden in fine condition. ()11





many poultry farms they scatter 0-.11'111

under the dropping boards in the 111111

houses. This fixes the nitrogen in the





' manure and it makes an excellent pro-





duct to scatter over the garden soil.

Wood ashes are also valuable as :1 gar-

den fertilizer. Before planting the gar-

den the soil should be carefully work-

ed until it is mellow. There is a ten-

dency to plant many seeds too deep and

this is especially true of small seeds

like the onion and the radish. Many

growers succeed by scattering these

small seeds along the row and then

raking the barest sprinkling of soil

over them. Others dig a small trench

the depth the seed requires and then

smooth off the soil. With small seeds

the shallow planting seems conducive

to rapid germination.



The care of the garden must begin

early and continue steadily. Weeds

A





Field duties de-





lfirll'





11111111311 23' i§16





1!





—.P,lanning the Home * Garden





mand the farmer's time and the “kitch-

en garden,” which maybe more profit-

able per square foot than any other

soil on the farm,'is allowed to “suffer

in silence.” The man who has lived

in a city where fresh vegetables are

costly knows that a cabbage looks like

ten cents and a good melon like fifteen,

and a bunch of withered onions takes

ten more; Finally there isn’t much

change from a dollar bill and the stuff

doesn’t last very long either. On a

farm one of the greatest advantages

of the life should be in the opportunity

of reducing the cost of eating without

reducing the quality of the meals. The

kitchen garden, with a little effort,

brings in the products that the city

man spends many hours in a hot stuffy

office to earn.



Every crop can be produced in a.

right and a wrong way and the right

way pays. It is a good investment for

the farmer to purchase one or two of

the well written books on vegetable

growing which have been brought out

from the experiences of practical grow-

ers. These books are not expensive

and the make vegetable growing at

least more interesting. Furthermore,

they enmhasize good points that are

worth knowing. Planting the home

garden docs n01 necessarily consist

only of sticking in a “few things”

wherever there is a spot handy. Every

farm is usually streaked with different

kinds of sites and soils and the grower

who knows the demands of the differ-

ent: vegetables can select his ground

with some skill and thus produce bet-

tor crops. The onion likes muck and

the radish will flourish in sand, sonic

crops will do well in almost any loca‘

tion while others are particular. It

pays to know when, how and where.

it cannot. be learned all at once, but

spring is coming and right now there

is 21, chance to do some good reading

and some careful studying in the plan-

ning of the “kitchen garden.”



lngham Co. R. G. Kmor.





FRUIT TREES AND CUTTINGS.





 





This is the season of the year when

many farmers are ordering their fruit

trees from agents and nurserymen.

11111411 these tl‘ccs come from nurseries

at, a distance, and allhoughtrecs will

carry safely in fresh condition for a.

month 01' two when properly packed,

it sometimes happens that they reach

their destination in a more or less

dried condition. To revive such trees,

unless they are completely dried out,

as soon as unpacked dig a trench in

the ground, in a sloping direction,

place the ”trees therein and then cover

them completely with earth. They

should remain buried for three 01' four

days, when they may be uncovered and

properly planted. It will be found that

the sln'ivcllcd bark has become plump

again. Fruit and all other trees 01' a

deciluous nature may be revived in

this way, but not evergreens, for they

have 11 resinous sap which will not re-

Ilow if 11. once becomes dry.



A great deal of the well doing of

freshly 11121111911 [recs depends on their

being properly 111211111411. The preserv-

ing of the roots in 21 moist condition is

the first requisite. Then the hole to

receive them must be of suitable di—

1111-nsions to receive the roots without

1:1'1111111ing, and soil should be loamy

and full 01‘ available plant food.



The soil should be firmly packed

around the roots. This is accomplish-

ed by working the tree up and down

as the ground is being thrown in the

hole, and followed by pounding or

tramping the soil. The soil should be

as dry as possible,‘so that it will crum-

ble up well as it is used. In spring

planting, watering is not as necessary

as it is in autumn when the ground is

drier, but at all times the pouring in

of water packs the soil about the roots.

Whenever water is applied, it should

be given just before the hole is finally
'MARGH 25, 19.16.





filled in, letting it soak away and then

adding the remaining soil to fill to the

hole level.



Plants from Cuttings.



Every farmer can easily secure a

nice lot of grape vines and currant

bushes with only a little labor. They

are grown commercially from cuttings

of the present season’s growth. All

that is necessary is to put the ripened

wood in the ground, where it will start

to grow next year and form a plant





.which will be suitable to transplant





one or two years later.



Grape cuttings are made with either

two or three buds. Well ripened, short

jointed wood should be selected, and

the lower cut made squarely across

and under the bud, the upper cut slant-

ing an inch or two above the bud. In

this way the cutting can be planted

right side up. Currant cuttings are

made six or eight inches long in the

same manner, but they contain several

buds.



The cuttings may be tied in bundles

with the lower ends even, and buried

in moist sand over winter. The ends

Will callous over and they will be

ready to put out roots as soon as plant-

ed in the spring. They can also be

planted in the open ground as soon as

made.

somewhat slanting in rich, mellow soil

several inches deep and covered to the

topwbud.



A light mulch of coarse manure,

when the ground freezes, will help to

protect them from being thrown up by

the alternate freezing and thawing.

They should be planted in rows two

and one’half to three feet apart and

set four to six inches apart in the row.



New York. S. VAN AKEN.





A PROBLEM IN STRAWBERRY

GROWING.





 





The location in view for our new

strawbery bed for 1916 is a clover sod

of one year's growth, i. e., the seed

was sown in rye the spring of 1914.

The rye was cut early in the milk

stage, both to conserve land fertility

and to give the clover the best chance

possible. The clover was the mam-

moth variety growing large and matur-

ing late. It grew so large that it lodg-

ed badly in places. So the machine (lid

not do clean worlp. The portion left

by the machine, with the stubble and

aftermath and the root growth of

the two seasons will supply humus in

considerable quantities; while the free-

air nitrogen gathered in by the clover

and stored in its roots, will add mate-

ially to the supply of that constituent

of plant food already in the soil.



Now, under certain conditions a clo-

ver sod is objectional for strawberry

growing, in that such land is frequent-

ly infested with white grubs. But as

the white grub requires three years

for full development, and the ground

had not been in sod for several years

previous to seeding with clover, I fig—

ured that it would be a safe proposi-

tion to plant the plot to strawberries.

But afterward, information came to us

of an almost entire annihilation of a

strawberry bed of. a-half acre or so, by

white grubs la t season. Then I be-

gun to have a oubt as to just how

the matter would terminate.



To assure myself that the proposi-

tion was a safe one, I wrote the Prof—

essor of Entomology, of the M. A. C.,

for advice, as I had often done before

in like predicaments; and, as usual, I

got a courteous, helpful reply. Prof.

Pettit wrote as follows:



“The grubs that you will have next

year will not come from eggs laid last

season. The white grub takes three

years under ground before getting full

size and making the most trouble. The

eggs are usually laid in sod, or some-

times in strawberry patches, and for

this reason we are advising the avoid-

ance of crops likely to white grub at-

tack, or land that was in strawberries

or in grass sod three years previous.

I would rather put out my new straw-

berries on land that was in cultivation

the‘third year before. Of course, I





The cuttings should be planted





T H a 'M 11 (2'11 PGA'N "F'A-‘R’ M E R "“





cannot guarantee that you ,would/ be

free from these grubs, but you need

not worry about getting grubs from

eggs laid last season, that is, if you

get any grubs, they will be so small

that they will not make you very much

trouble.”



So we shall expect no great trouble

next season in our new strawberry bed

from the white grub. Of course, there

will be some grubs, this is to be ex-

pected; but a few can be hunted out

and destroyed before they can do any

great harm to the patch. Barring un-

toward conditions we shall expect ex-

ceptional results from this piece of

land.





Emmet Co. M. N. EDGERTON.





WITH MICHIGAN FRUIT GROWERS.





The South Haven Fruit Exchange

will expend $10,000 on a site and new

packing house. Though twice enlarged

the present building is now too small.



The St. Joseph Michigan Fruit As-

sociation met at St. Joseph and elected

one director from each loading station

as follows: Baroda, Arthur Marrs;

Benton Harbor, L. W. Ruth; Berrien

Springs, E. F. Garland; Derby, J. F.

Kowalski; Fairplain, F. L. Bradford;

Glenlord, H. P. Renti‘row; Hilltop, Fred

Arenz; Hinchman, Ira R. Stemm; Riv-

erside, John Stonecliff; Scottdale, S.

B. Miners; Sodus, Hale Tennant; Stev-

ensville, F. P. Cupp; Vineland, Alfred

Moore. Each director will have charge

of the loading at his station. It was

voted to adopt the contract system,

similar to one in use by the California

Fruit Exchange, calling for shipment

of all fruit through the association.



The Hartford Fruit Growers’ and

Farmers’ Exchange in Van Buren coun-

ty will be managed by Miss Mertie

(‘onaway this year, and she is probably

the first woman elected to run a co—

operative exchange of this kind in the

country. Last year she was book—keep-

er at the exchange offices. The asso-

ciation has 35 members and includes

some of the largest growers in that

section. A modern packing house is

operated in a former canning factory

at Hartford and all fruit is packed and

marketed under the co-operative plan.



Over 150 Berrien county growers

met at Bridgman and it was decided to

adopt the ventilated 16-quart package

for strawberry shipments. A commit-

tee was named to consider the erec-

tion of a large loading shed along the

Pere Marquette tracks. The associa-

tion will select a selling agent soon

and is understood to favor Victor Carl—

ton, a Bridgman farmer, who filled this

position satisfactorily last year.



The village of Bridgman, in Berrien

county, 15 miles south of Benton Har-

bor, is claimed to be the biggest town

of its size in the world in the business

of growing nursery stock, having six

different concerns there, with the Bald-

win, Whitten and Weston farms as

leaders. The O. A. Baldwin farm has

400 acres out to plants. It is estimat-

ed that 30,000,000 strawberry plants

and some 3,000,000 cane plants are

shipped out annually and that this in-

dustry yields over $100,000 each

season.



The Berrien County Horticultural

Society held an enthusiastic two-day

meeting at Benton Harbor, February

24-25, with over 200 fruit men in at.

tendance. The need of a fruit expert

for Berrien county was discussed and

52 names were taken of members will-

ing to pay a minimum fee of $10 to-

ward securing the same. Business men

of Benton Harbor and St. Joseph are

in sympathy with this movement so

that the county fruit expert is prac-

tically assured. Free rooms were se-

cured for monthly meetings of the so-

ciety, and there were strong addresses

by Prof. Hibbard of the University of

Wisconsin, J. H. Carmody, of the M.

A. C., James Nicol, Of the South Haven

Fruit Exchange, M. H. Pugsley, of the

Southern Michigan Fruit Association,

Lawton, Dr. Mumford, of East Lansing,

and others.





Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN.





 





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"SAVES SO MUCH TIME”





Followlnqs'f is an extract from a letter received

Jan. 17 from Mr. John A. Moore. Jonesvllle.

Michigan



“In response to yours of the 13111 instant. am

glad to say that I haw used one of your mllkers for

nearly three years now and it has prov cu satis-

I111: tory in every det 1.1il Besides being sanitary. and

easily cleaned, it saves so much time and labor.I

could not got. along without lt.‘



Mr. Moore is one of many prominent owners of

Himuan M llkera in his locality. There are hundreds

of other satisfied users in every dairy section.

lure numbel are nationally known such as Mr. I.



Stillerrell, Manufacturer of the celebrated None-

Such Mlncemeat Powder, etc. Syracuse. N.

Y.; ‘eo. Schwlnk, Jr” Merldan, Conn. Sec‘ yState





 





 





 





 





 





KALAMAZOO. MICH.





 





 





Dairymcn' s Assoc. and Breeder of Guernsey cattle;

_ A. Zollman, Pres

' Holstein F rleelanAssoc

S. D. coder Reg Hol-

s‘telns: BCline F rown,

1 Vl—cc Pres. Holsteln~

Frieslan Assoc. S. D.,

Breeder Reg Holstelns;

A. J o h n s o 11

Johnson Bible College.

Kimberlin Hel ghts,

'..I‘enn Breeder Reg.

Holstelns; H e rs h e y

8 dbarns equipped





"A Success for 8 YIIL‘I.”J

Chocolate 00.. Hershey, Pa.





with Himnan Mil/cars. You llfl





HINMAN MILKFRS





near you in the stables of many farmers having

on Y1! 8 011 Ocows.



011 can afford to be uldcd In 1 our selection of a

mllker by considewrlng t e old as of dairymen now

using them of the above are but. atew.

More than 360, 000h cows are milked dally with the

Hellman—and everfi day we receive letters from

Hinman owners, to ling us howlthe milkel enables

them to cut. expense. save tl,1ne work and worry





so ermi

One of our free mllker booklets belongs to you.





Horse Eflic1ency

HE efficiency of the farm horse

may be greatly increased if the

proper care is given him during



the early spring months when the farm

work begins. Often a long period of

idleness or light work has left him

soft and unfit for a plunge into the

heavy work. Unless he has been work-

ed during the winter he must go slow

for a while. Often he has contracted

ailments in the stall, is out of condi-

tion and ea§ily injured when hitched

to the plow or other implement.



Sore shoulders probably hinder the

efficiency of more work horses than

any other one thing. They are found

among horses in the hands of farmers

of all degrees of horsemanship. Many

shoulder sores are the result of neg-

lect, others of. ignorance and a few of

blood disorders which can only be rem-

edied by the cleansing of the animal’s

system by the use of a. good blood

tonic and perhaps the services of a

veterinary. The ordinary collar sores

usually give a. hint of their appearance

by a slight swelling. This becomes

feverish and painful and when noticed

should be given proper attention at

once. If possible let the animal rest

for a few days but if that course is im-

possible use a sweat pad with the cen-

ter cut away to protect the injured

spot. Use some healing lotion and

never use any of the more drastic con-

coctions such as blue vitriol, or other

caustics. These only make conditions

worse. Boric acid, zinc oxide, carbo-

lated vaseline and, in fact, any of the

healing, soothing remedies that tend

to assist nature are good. If the sore

is watery and runs, a mixture of one

part tannic acid and one part powders

ed alum proves valuable. Here again

prevention is better than the remedy

and great care should be exercised in

fitting collars. Leather collars may be

soaked over night and fitted to the

horse while wet and pliable. If work-

ed in this condition they will adjust

themselves to the shoulders. Under

no circumstances work a collar that

slips around on the animal’s shoulders.

An application of salt water several

times a week, or of vinegar and salt

Water, or of tannic acid dissolved in

glycerine will prove beneficial in hard-

ening shoulders and fitting them for

the steady pull of heavy work.



Scratches, grease heel and mud fever

are perhaps identical so far as symp-

toms and actual results are concerned.

The names vary according to the local~

ity and stage of the malady. The symp-

toms are familiar to all horse'owners.

The treatment consists in removing

the causes. The afflicted hoof and fet.

lock should be washed thogoughly for

currying often irritates and starts a

rash. In some cases it is better to

clip the hair from the fetlock then

wash again with a quart of lukewarm

water to which has been added a tea-

spoonful of carbolic acid and castile

soap. Dry and apply zinc oxide ointi

ment and wrap well with a cotton

bandage. Often it is economical to

have the services of a veterinary and

always call him rather than experi-

ment with untried remedies if one is

at all available.





No matter what the work of the

horse will be, it is well to prepare him

for it if he has been idle any length of

time. Even if he has been worked he

should have a small amount of oil meal

added to his ration as spring approach-

es. Besides being beneficial to the di-

gestive organs its effect is shown in





 





the other interesting infornlahon we will :11 c you?





HINMAN MILKING MACHINE CO.

74-84 EliZahetli 81., ON EIDA, N. Y.





Why not write npostal right. now for your copy and I





 





 





 





 





WP .

$119.31.?“ 11. prism“

as $311 Rfige SUDAN



RAB T. Mongol





TURN"s and Rubs Bags.

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edinourFroacuan: :.





his general appearance and particular-

ly in his coat, which be shed readily

and appears smooth and clean for the

warmer days. Shoulders should be

looked after and the feet cared for.

Harness should be repaired and fitted,

so that there will be no bindings and

no occasion for galled sides 0r shoul-

ders. In this respect the owner can

save much time and worry and greatly

add to the efficiency of his work animal

by beginning before the heavy work





 





THE G. E. DOPUV 00.,

mm “It.





comes on. W. C. SMITH.





‘ much 26. 1919.





.L





STAY WITH ONE BREED.





 





It is surprising to observe how many

stock farmers have been inclined, af-

ter having bred grade cattle for a con-

siderable number of years to use upon

these females 8. cross of some other

breed. The writer has known a num—

ber of instances of herds having been

graded up in Shorthorn blood for a

period of 10 to 25 years and then all of

these years’ efforts abandoned by the

introduction of a sire of another breed.

In some cases, the first cross on such

a. foundation appears entirely satisfac-

tory, but the later crosses are less re-

liable and in a large percentage of Gas-

es, prove a disappointment.



It takes years to grade up a herd,

and when this is done by the continu-

ous use of registered sires of any breed

the results ShOW a steady improve-

ment, assuming the sires used, to be

of a higher standard than the founda-

tion females. After a few such crosses

are made, the herd becomes for all

practical purposes as useful as a full-

blood herd; but when a cross of an-

other breed is introduced, further im«

provement becomes uncertain. It op-

poses an established law of heredity

and that breeder is doomed to disap-

pointment who runs counter to this

law.



It is unfortunate that this practice

has been more or less frequent. Yet,

experience teaches that the breeder of

grade herds who expects to make pro-

gress has only one practical course op-

en and that the use of sires of one

breed and of meritorious ancestry and

individuality.





Wayne Co. F. D. T.





 





SECURING A GOOD LITTER OF

PIGS.»





 





Caring for brood sows and the man-

ner of feeding them to secure the best

results are important questions. A

great deal depends on the care and

treatment the brood sow receives

while carrying her pigs. She needs

plenty of sunshine and outdoor exer-

cise during the day and a nice warm

place to sleep at night. Avoid letting

the brood sows run in the same lot

with colts or horses or in the same

barnyard. Do not give them the op«

portunity to go from one field to an-

ther by jumping over broken fences, or

crawling through narrow openings.

Give them a place where they can root

to their heart’s content. It is good

exercise, they enjoy it and it is in

keeping with their nature.



111 addition to good care and kind

treatment the feed must be looked af-

ter carefully. Throughout the middle

states hogs are being fed largely on

corn which supplies in excess starch a.

heat and fat producing material. At

the same time corn is deficient in pro.

tein, the flesh, bone, muscle and

strength-producing material.



When feeding corn alone food is not

supplied to all parts of the animal sys-

fem uniformly; in other 1101 (is the 12%

tion is not properly balanced. The ex-

cess of starch produces too much fat

and keeps the soW's blood in a fever-

ish condition. Animal life, before

birth, derives its nourishment from the

blood, and if by imprOper feeding the

brood sow’s blood is not in good con-

dition it Will reflect in the size and

strength of the pigs at birth. The litter

will probably be small in number and

the pigs sickly and runty.



To balance a ration simply means to

stop feeding an excess of starch, and

feed more of protein, the strength,

flesh, bone and muscle-producing ma-

terial.



Tankage, while fed before farrow-

ing, has many advocates among hog

men, but it must be used sparingly

when the pigs are under three weeks

old as it is very easy to ruin a litter

of pigs by feeding the sow too heavily

on this feed. Shorts, or mill feed, oil

meal and tankage will balance the ra-

tion and are sold at prices that enable

the farmers to feed them at a profit.



Illinois. U. D. S.
MARCH25,1916.'





_ OX WARBV'LES IN THE NORTHERN





STATES.





 





It has recently been learned that the

ox warble situation in the northern

states is more serious than most of us

had supposed. We have been wont to

consider the warble as more or less

closely confined to the southern states

and therefore not of much importance

in the north. It transpires now, how-

ever, that a new species, the European

warble, has been introduced into this

country, and that this parasite is of

importance in the cooler regions of

the country. On this account, it will

be necessary in the future to pay more

attention to the warble evil than we

have in the past, more especially as

the damage done by making holes in

the animals’ skins is now known not

to be the greatest damage caused by

the insect. As a matter of fact, it has

been shown that the irritation to the

animal, due to the presence of the

grub under the skin, is so great as ser-

iously to interfere with milk produc-

tion or growth, and that the loss from

this source is much greater than that

from the holes in the hides.



The only method of preventing loss-

es by the insect is to prevent any of

them from maturing. The method of

doing this is to remove and destroy the

grubs from the backs of infested cat-

tle. When nearly mature they can be

squeezed out of the swelling by pres-

sure with the fingers. Where they are

too young to be squeezed out, they





.chaff is not so good, as it is apt to





 





YTHE MICHIGAN 'FARMER





It is necessary, however, to keep her

in a good healthy condition. The diet

should consist largely of roots sup-

plemented with skim-milk or swill for

a drink. Perhaps the principle itemi

of attention, one which is too often

neglected, is exercise. This is one of

.the great essentials to success in sav-

ing the spring litter. The ideal place

for the brood sow is in the barnyard,

unmolested by other stock. She should

be allowed to run there every day for

an hour or two, and if the weather be

favorable, half a day is not too long.

Wood ashes should be kept where the

sow may have access to them every

day.



The next consideration is a suitable

place for farrowing. When arranging

her quarters I nail a piece of studding

around the wall horizontally, about six

inches from the floor. This is a great

protection for the little pigs. A bas-

ketful of cut straw makes a good bed;





smother the little ones.



As a sow about to farrow is a very

suspicious animal, it is necessary to

gain her confidence by kindness so

that when the critical time comes she

will not be disturbed or excited by an

attendant or a lantern. It is very easy

to do this by making repeated visits

to the pig pen during winter evenings.



VWhen the time of farrowing arrives,

if the sow is restless or rash, and is

likely to trample or crush the little

ones, they should be taken to the

fire and dried, kept away until the





 





 





 





 





Next





may be extracted with a pair of slen-

der forceps; and it may even be neces-

sary to slit the skin in order to get at

them. At any rate it is important to

get them just as early in their devel-

opment as possible in order to reduce

to a minimum the damage that they

may do. It is also important that they

be destroyed after being removed, be-

cause normally they escape and change

to the adult fly in the ground. If re-

moved and not destroyed they might

complete their maturity in the usual

way. For destroying them a broad

heavy heel planted gently but firmly

on top of them, one or two at a time,

is very effective. The cattle should be

examined about once every two

months, beginning in February. .



It is scarcely needful to call atten-

tion here to the advantage of commu-

nity co—operation in such work as this,

for it is perfectly clear that the isolat-

ed efforts of one or two men in a

neighborhod will be largely abortive in

the absence of such co-operation. It

would seem that where testing asso-

ciations exist the matter of oversee~

ing the examination of the herds could

well be undertaken by those in charge

of the testing.



Indiana. H. E. MERN’.





THE SPRlNG LITTER.





 





In expectation of the spring litter

the first thing calling for attention is

feed and exercise of the sow. The feed

need not 'be very stimulating or heat-

ing, nor should the sow be kept too fat.





 





 





Good Care of the Young Lambs Will Insure a Profitable Crop at Maturity





’r...





 





Fall.



mother is quieted, and returned. When

feeding her let it be more in the shape

of a drink than a solid food, gradually

bringing her to full rations in eight or

nine days, but never overfeed. From

this out the judgment is taxed. The

losses caused by injudicious feeding

are not generally understood. The

nursing sow’s food should be of such

a nature and composition that the lit-

tle pigs by degrees will learn to eat

with her at an early age. If shallow

troughs of good length are provided in-

stead of deep short ones, they will

soon commence. This will obviate at

weaning time a radical change and

lessen the danger of derangement of

the digestive organs. I prefer not to

have the weaning process completed

before the pigs are eight or nine weeks

old. The profit or loss will largely de-

pend on the progress they then make.

Feed liberally with succulent food,

such as skim-milk, shorts, roots, etc.

Remember that a stunted pig is dear

as a gift, and one overfed with heavy

grain is equally as bad, as it becomes

foundered and ceases to make satisfac-

tory growth.





Canada. J. H. MCKENNEY.





 

 

 





 





“The Farmers’ Special to California”

is the title of a handsomely illustrated

art pamphlet distributed by C. L. Sea<

graves, General Colonization Agent of

the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rail«

way, 1115 Railway Exchange, Chicago,

Ill. This booklet of 28 pages contains

a large number of fine engravings re-

producing western points of historical

and scenic interest touched by this rail-

road system.





 





\. l





‘ 9—425





 





 





 





ning in oil.





La Porte





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But it takes the catalog to tell the story of this

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You will then see how the Rumely is made from start

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The three-plow size,“12-24,” is $990 cash, f.o.b. La Porte.





ADVANCE-RUMELY THRESHER CO.





(Incorporated)





Battle Creek. Mich.





 

 

 





   

 

 

 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





Indiana





   

 

 

 





F. o. B.





 

 





   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





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It's a valuab





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ClipHones nndMuIeshe-

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. m......._...._.._m»m.- ....





 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMERO





How Many COWS to an Acre?





How many cows can one keep on an 80-acre farm of medium good oat land

and if I raise hay and corn what grain would you give cows beside silage

twice a day and clover hay once? How big a hay barn would one need if the

cattle are in a small barn just by themselves? E. P.





'BODY knows the answer to this

Nquestion. The limit has never

vet been reached. It all depends

on the man. Many would say that it

depends on the man, but the crop pro-

ducing power of the land must be con-

sidered if we figure on the number of

cows that can be kept at present. But

the man can build up the fertility of

the land almost at his will. If it is

not rich he can make it rich. So the

question narrows down to the one fac-

tor—the man. One 8'0-acre farm will

carry twice as many cows as anoth-

er, because the man is a better

farmer, a better business man and one

knows how and is willing to apply him-

self. The other either does not know

how or is not willing to do the.busi-

ness.



Intensive Dairying.



I have read that Hiram Smith, one

of the pioneer dairymen of Wisconsin,

kept one cow to the acre. This would

mean 80 cows on 80 acres. Rev. Deit-

rich, in a report of the Department of

Agriculture, states that he kept 34

head of live stock on a 15-acre farm,

and that two acres of this was taken

up with buildings, lawn, etc, so that

he really kept this amount of live stock

on 13 acres of land. Of this 34 head,

17 head were milch cows. In this case

the roughage only was grown on the

farm, the grain, which, of course, con-

stituted a good bit of the ration, was

' purchased. But the particular year

that the report was made more rough-

age was produced than was needed

and hay was actually sold off the farm.

One would scarcely believe this if it

did not come from an unquestionable

source. This wonderful intensive live

stock farming was not possible when

Rev. Deitrich first began on this farm

but year by year he gradually built up

the fertility of the farm until it pro-

duced this enormous amount of forage.



I give these illustrations to show

what is possible—what has been dorfe

and what can be done in intensive live

.stock farming. Whether it is most

profitable to intensify in live stock

farming like this is not the question





‘ « 5 a , ; '

SlLo FILLING MABH'NERY under discussion. On an 80—acre farm

‘ it would not be an easy job to keep 80





' ‘1' ' .cows, but I firmly believe it can be

Espeuauy Damned hf Gas Engine Pwer done. I think it would be more profit-





, able to attempt to produce only a por-

tion of the necessary grain. Some

cash crop, like potatoes, sugar beets,

or some canning factory crop could be

worked into a rotation, the sale of

which would purchase more feed, and

cheaper than could be produced on the

farm on the same area.

The Crops to Grow.



In intensive dairy farming we want

little or no pasture. We can’t afford

it. If some of the farm is adapted to

pasture only, Why, of course, make the

most of it but not so many cows can

be kept on this kind of a farm as

where every acre is tillable. With

: corn silage the year round and abund-

ance of clover or alfalfa hay, we have

a the basic ration for the largest number

. of cows to the farm. The best farmers

.have not reached anywhere near the

limit in the production of ensilage. I

venture to say the average yield is not

much, if any, above 10 tons per acre

and yet Mrs. Harris, (think of it, a

. woman), of Adrian, Mich, actually pro.

duced 70 tons, 800 pounds, of ensilage

corn on one acre. This is enough en-

silage to supply seven cows for one

whole year and have ensilage left.

With 10 acres of corn like that, (only

one-eighth of the farm), there would

be sufficient for 80 cows, or the one

cow to the acre. One could have room

for 30 acres of corn on an 80-acre dairy

farm, besides he could ensilo green

peas and plant the ground to corn and

‘get a good crop, the same season. Clo~

ver hay can be cut early and the land

planted to ensilage corn. One will





 





 





MARCH'25, me.





grow into the right rotation of crops

if he is the right man, so he can pro-

duce the maximum amount of forage.



As the editor of the Michigan Farm-

er well says editorially, the soil is the

basis of prosperous‘farming. On rich

land you have rich farmers, but on

poor land you can have only poor

farmers. The farmer’s wife on rich

land can wear silks and diamonds if

she choose, but the farmer’s wife on a

poor soil is doomed to drudgery. There

is that much difference in rich and

poor land.



Solving the Hay Problem.



An enormous quantity of alfalfa can

be produced per acre. As much as

eight tons of cured hay has been

grown per acre. This is enough for

the seven cows for a year, with a little

soiling perhaps in the summer. The

average yield of alfalfa is not more

than three tons. Even at that one

could grow enough hay on 20 acres for

the 80 cows. We are trying to grow

alfalfa on infertile land. When we try

to produce it on our richest land, on

land as rich as it can be made, there

is no trouble to produce sufficient hay

on 80 acres for 80 cows. One can do

almost as well with red clover if he

will cut it early enough and cut it

three times each season. Besides, he

can produce oat and pea hay and then

plant the same land the same season

to ensilage. Rye can also be grown in

a. double crop system of farming.



But for grain what‘are we to do?

There is the rub. Oats will make a

good ration to feed with corn silage

and alfalfa hay. Forty acres of cats

yielding 100 bushels per acre will fur-

nish the required grain for 80 cows.



Furnishing the Grain.



I never grew 100 bushels of oats per

acre but a man wrote me just the oth-

er day that he produced 100 bushels

per acre on a good-sized field. If we

can do that there is all the feed for 80

cows and all produced on an 80-acre

farm.



Now the only rational advice to give

E. P. is this: Begin with the number

of cows you have room for and gradu-

ally increase the number as your im-

proved conditions will warrant. You

must find out yourself how many cows

you can keep on 80 acres. No one can

tell you.



Again, as to the size of the barn. It

is much the same kind of a problem.

I would suggest that you build a base-

ment barn 36 feet wide. This is wide

enough so you can have two rows of

cows and have room for driveway be-

hind them to take out manure, and

feeding alleys in front of them wide

enough for ensilage cars, grain car,

etc. Have 16-foot posts and a gambrel

roof. This, with a silo, will furnish

storage room sufficient to feed all the

cows you can keep in the basement.

Now, as you need more room build on

to the end of this barn, and if neces-

sary build another like it.



COLON C. LILLIE.





BUILDING A DAIRY HERD FROM

COMMON STOCK.





 





A herd of full—blooded registered

dairy cows is always a desirable pos-

session but very few farmers are finan-

cially able to own the same. They

must be content with common stock

yet this need not mean that they shall

work with cows that hold a low posi-

tion as result givers. By careful .selec-

tion of the cows°and sire to which they

are bred, it is possible to build any

dairy herd up to a point where it

equals in the results obtained, if not

in blood, any registered herd.



The work of building up a herd from

common stock requires much careful

study and observation. The owner

must be able to select a good cow by

her general appearance. Some of tho
MARCH 25, 1916.





things'that he can judge by are a large

and capacious barrel, open and rather

wide spaced ribs that spring well

downward. A rather long head, a long.

and slim neck, and limbs that incline

to fine. A nice, soft hide and silky

coat may usually be considered as in-

dications of quality in a cow. Good

stamina is usually indicated by a gen-

erous width through the lower part of

the chest, a bright full eye and an ac-

tive carriage.



The selection of a sire for use in the

building up of a herd is of the utmost

importance and must not be done with-

out careful consideration of the sub-

ject from the various standpoints. Se-

lect the breed that would seem best to

meet the requirements as to milk or

butter as your market may demand.

When a breed has been chosen and a

sire selected the program should not

be changed for tlgt would annul, in a

great measure, the work that had al-

ready been accomplished.



The individuality of the sire should

be considered with care. Not only

should he be as nearly perfect a speci-

men of his breed as possible, but he

should possess all of the indications of

stamina and bodily vigor. His ances-

try should be looked into, also. The

sires should have been result getters

and the more ancestral dams he has

that have records of large quantities

of rich milk and persistence in milk-

giving the more desirable he will be.





If the system planned out is care-

fully adhered to the development of

the herd should prove rapid. Each

successive generation will show im-

provement although this will be much

less marked in after years when the

herd has reached a point much nearer

to perfection. A continuous sizing-up

of each individual of every generation

if a high quality of standard is to be

reached and maintained. There must

be a great deal of culling and discard-

ing. Frequently the eye will be able

to decide that a calf is incapable of

being made into a good member of the

herd and can be discarded without any

further consideration. Other individ-

uals will require further observation

but as soon as their unfitness is recog-

nized they should also be discarded.



In making an effort to improve the

dairy herd the dairyman should set a

standard of attainment—the highest

possible. If this be done more and

more pleasure will be derived from the

work as it proceeds. In the end the

satisfaction of mind with the results

obtained will be worth as much as the

increase in financial results.



Ohio. SIIERLEY CONNELL.





 





DAIRY PROBLEMS.





 





Can Green Oats be Ensiloed?



Will green oats keep in a silo, out

before they come to head?



Lapeer Co. R. D.



The oat plant is not well adapted to

preserve as silage. It has a hollow

stem or stalk and this hollow stem

contains so much air that when put

into the silo there is too much fer-

mentation, that is fermentation goes

too far for best results. This plant

can be preserved in this way if great

pains is taken in packing it down well

and using plenty of water. But it will

not keep as well as corn.



I would suggest that the oats be

dry—cured as oat hay, and save the silo

for the corn plant.





Weight of One Gallon of Milk.





What is the legal weight of a gallon

of milk? I have been selling milk for

the past year, giving eight and one-

half pounds to the gallon.

sible to get 20 gallons in two new gal-

lon cans of standard size.



Kent Co. C. S.





There is no law governing the

weight of a gallon of milk. Milk dif-

fers in weight in proportion to its rich-

ness, or in proportion to the per cent

of fat in the milk. A gallon of three

per cent milk will weigh more than a

gallon of five per cent milk because

the water in milk is heavier than the

butter-fat. Cream rises on the top of

milk simply because it is lighter than





It is impos.-





 

 





J .





THE MICHI





the milk, and not from any mysterious

cause.



Average milk which is understood to

be about four per cent fat, will weigh-

close to eight and one-half pounds to

the gallon, and that weight is some-

times said to be the weight of a gallon

of milk, but there can be nothing defi-

nite about it. For four per cent milk

this would be as accurate a way to re-

duce weight to gallons as could be

found. Possibly more accurate than

actually measuring it with a gallon

measure. The only correct way to de-

termine the value of milk is to weigh

it and test it for fat. The fat content

is the index of its food value.



More Protein than Necessary.



I would like to know if cottonseed

meal, wheat bran, and buckwheat mid-

dlings make a balanced ration for the

dairy cows? We have ensilage, mixed

hay and cornstalks for feed.



~Van Buren Co. J. G.



All the concentrates in this ration

are protein foodstuffs. It furnishes an

excess of protein. I would suggest corn

meal or ground oats in place of cotton-





seed meal. This will furnish sufficient

protein and will also cheapen the

ration.





COLON C. LILLIE.





 





COWS AT CALVING TIME.





 





Few farmers appreciate the real

weight which care at calving time has

upon both the productivity of the cow

and the value of the offspring. If they

did they would exert greater care and

consideration. The dairy cow, when

dry, should be fed chiefly on roughage.

A small alloWance of grain, about two

pounds daily, will be quite enough, pro-

vided she is in reasonably good physi-

cal condition, and this ration should be

rich in protein.



Bran or oats, or a mixture of bran

and oats with a little oil meal, makes

a good combination to be fed previous

to calving. Corn silage and roots are

very good feeds if the cow has no pas-

ture, or if it be before pasture season.

The succulent feed should include lib—

eral allowances of clover or alfalfa

hay, or a roughage rich in protein.



But the cow should not be fed more.

roughage than she will eat up clean.

If fed too much there will be danger

of her getting into the habit of eating

the most palatable parts of the rough-

age and wasting much good feed. The

cow on pasture will need no grain, but

a little roughage is good. or" course,





 





 





Value-





GiAN FARMER



It isn’t what you

put into a Cream

Separator—but





what you get out

of it that counts.





Hi

1





It





 

 

   





P





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





parators





are by far the

most economical





In never con-





fuses I’RICE with VALUE.

PRICE is what you pay for an article—what you





REAL economy is never short-sighted.





put into it.





VALUE depends upon the amount and quality of scr-





 





vice the article gives you





what you get out. of it.





You get by farthe 'reatest actual VALUE for your money when

you buy a De Laval— ECAUSE it will give you much better and

onger SERVICE than any other separator.





From the standpoint of its greater durability alone the De Laval

is the most economical cream separator to buy, and when you also

take into consideration its cleaner skimming, easier running,

greater capacity and less cost for repairs, the price of the “cheapest“

machine on the market is most exorbitant compared with that of





the De Laval.





And there is no reason iwhy you should let its FIRST COST

stand in the way either, because the De Laval may be purchased

on such liberal terms that it will actually pay for itself out of its:





own savings.

A De Laval catalo,





to be had for the asking tells more fully





why the De Laval is t e most economical cream separator, or the

nearest local De Laval agent will be glad to explain this and many

other points of De Laval superiority. If you don't know the, nearest

local agent, simply write the nearest De Laval main office as below.





if.‘§‘.if‘i§“‘1-‘eéigifgi‘iiitutttiiTI-[E DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.





amount should depend upon her con-

dition entirely.



When the cow has been properly fed

there will be no necessity of medicine,

contrary to the views of many dairy-

men. A bran mash over which some

warm water has been poured is a very

good ration, especially in cold weather.

Ground oats mixed with grain and a

pail of warm water should be given,

for her feverish condition and exhaust—

ed body at this time demands consid—

erable water, and this should be warm.

Be careful that she is not exposed to

cold draughts.’



Feed very lightly on grain at the be-

ginning oi‘ the milking period, allowing

a liberal amount of silage, roots and

hay. As the cow gains in strength and

resumes her normal condition, the

grain portion of her ration should be

increased. Keep increasing gradually

as long as she responds to the extra

feed. When she has reached her max-

imum flow of milk she should be fed

a little less grain.



It will take three to four weeks to

bring her to a full flow of milk and to

reach the stage where she is eating a

full ration. The time to establish the

milk flow of the cow is when she is

fresh. There is no other time in the

lactation period when care and judi-

cious feeding have a more important

bearing upon her year’s record. Feed

her liberally, but never overfeed or

carry her beyond her capacity. This

will work great injury on her milk

function and breeding powers.



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Her name is ‘I‘Daisy" and her owner. W. A.

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Blatcliford’s Calf Meal





lpreventive of scouring. Calves

latclil'otd’s Way" are heavier, bigger-

ealth . Known as the complete milk

. 75. Sold by your dealer



or direct from the manufacturer.

Blatchford'_s Pig Meal insures rapid, sturdy growth

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' —bnsed on re-

See Actual Figures Ms...“ M,

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Mention ulclilxan Far-or when writing it Idioms":
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THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





 





 





 





_ . . _7 MARCH 25, 1916. ‘





 





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





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A SENSIBLE CAR THAT ECONOMIZES AND ENDURES---THE 3400 R. P. M.

. CHALMERS--—$Io5o.

Long engine-life and high engine-speed

have always been twin features of the most





The back—bone and mettle of a motor car,

after all, can only be shown up on country

roads.



The new 3400 r. p. m. Chalmers, by facing

all kinds of conditions on all kinds of roads

without whimper, apology or flinching, has

proved that she’s got the stuff in her.



She has proved that she is no mere citified,

boulevard performer; for no car on earth of

her price or size has ever gone about its busi-

ness everywhere with her energy, endurance,

strength and spirit.



Her conquest of hills and rut-riven roads

is the talk of every county seat. She has

climbed hills on high gear and pulled through

country roads on “high,” where conditions

were so bad that the running boards dragged.



These are two of the reasons why the

3400 r. p. m. Chalmers is such a sensible car

for the farmer to buy. She does not boast of

fantastic records of performance made by a

tuned-up, doctored—up, professional driven car

on the race track. Her achievements have

all been recorded with ordinary drivers at the

wheel and ordinary roads beneath her tires.



Owners throughout. the 'country have

driven her over roads on which they admitted

it was a shame to drive any car, and she has

made amazingly good.



The 3400 revolutions per minute of her

engine, recorded without skipping and with

absolute safety, prove tremenduous engine

strength and precision.





MOM-um «Mm-erwm —« .‘r~~_.—,.—.m.,.. .... W- .0... .





successful engines of all kinds. 3400 r. p. m.

means long life because it reduces side-thrust

of the crankshaft to the minimum. And side-

thrust means wear and tear.



The 3400 r. p. m. Chalmers is a sturdy,

long-lived piece of machinery, built not only

to endure, but to economize. ,



You get I8 miles of light-footed going

out of every gallon of gas. You add 1000

miles to the life of your tires because of the

smooth velocity with which her engine de-

livers might.



The same throbless, fretless engine-action,

whether you travel at the rate of 3 or 60 miles

and hour, whether one or five are aboard,

means riding comfort that springs, good leather

and 9-inch cushions only partially explain—

riding comfort that has never been dreamed

of before in a $1050 car.



Her pick-up responds with the same vel-

vety obedience in the Dakotas as on Michigan

Boulevard. She economizes with fuel over

Kansas gumbo, just as on Fifth Avenue.



From every angle you’ll find the 3400

r. ‘p. m. Chalmers a sensible, practical, value-

delivering car to own and to drive. '



Drop in and see her at your Chalmers

dealer’s the next time, you go to town.



One lookione ride—,and you’ll realize

why she’s cast her spell over 100,000,000

Americans. ~
‘xm'wwrw





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





PUBLISH





   





I, L71 V figwstxcr





   





 





 





 





77!: FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





a:





This Maggine Section forms apart of our paper every week.





 





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewher





The Community Without a Program





T was an old Flemish wood carver

who placed the motto, “Where

there is no vision the people per-

ish,” on the town clock. He might

have added, “where there is no pro-

gram to make the vision real the peo-

ple will still perish.”

Never was the writer more forcibly

impressed with the need of a program

in rural life than at a recent country





life conference held in our own state.

Nearly all of the interests of a rural

population were represented at this

meeting; there was vision a plenty,

but there was no program.



The meeting was held under the aus-

pices of a local church. The first





‘speaker was a city minister who urged





the farmers to support the country

church with more vigor and more cash.





It was at the point of the “more. cash”

that the discussion which followed

seemed to center. After considering

the average labor income for farmers

in this section of the state there seem.

ed to be a general consensus of opin—

ion that the church would not get its

just share of the farmers’ income until

that income could be materially in-

creased.





Good roads as a solution to most of

the problems 01‘ the farm was next dis-

cussed. 'A local buyer of beans urged

a wider use of this crop as a means of

increasing the money income of the

farm. A prominent potato grower of

the district followed by saying that he

believed in beans and urged his neigh-

bors to raise them, and then added

Very significantly, “And, while you fel-





HillllllllllllllllIIillIIllllllllllI“I5HilI”IHillllHHIIIHIHIIIIHIHHIlllillllll|HIIHIIHHH”IIIHHHllllillll‘lllilIIHIHlllllllll5”H“!IlllllHllIlllllllillillIIIIIIHIIHIHIHHIlllll“NHl1!IHHIHIHIHHHHHH1551“!HHHIIHllllllHIIHIIHHIHIH”5|”H15HlHHHHH15in H'IHHHIHHIH’I’H “I '15.' 1.111111 WIIHHHIHHHHI “1111.155 'HIHWIHHHIIH’I'HH‘IIHH‘HHIIHHHIMHIIl1l‘l'5‘”“"51I1H11i111‘5h11:ili1lilIHl1HHIHIHHHIIIHHIHHHIIHIHIII





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





 





 





 





5 5“"‘Q-L





Society Woman is Threatened for

Helping Serbians.





 





 





 





Gen. Petain Directs French Defense

at .Verdun.





 





 





 





‘ society Folks Cling to the Horse and Carriage as their Mode of Travel.





COPflixht by Underwood. it Underwood N v





 





 





were Seized.





 





 





 





Lisbon Harbor where German Vessels Descendant of William Penn Becomes





a Movie Star.





 





 





 





 





 





Cavalry Troop Patrolling Mexican Border Under Command of Gen. Funston.
l PERE





The Value of The





 





‘ T H E MI C‘H I‘G‘AIN ' "F”A'RM B it





   





Pere Marquette to Michigan





'7; Did you ever stop to think what the Pere Marquette

" Railroad means to the State of Michigan—to this Com-





munity—to YOU 3





Has it ever occurred to you what a factor the Pei-e

Marquette is in the development of our State? This

year it has brought into Michigan over a thousand

families to settle on our undeveloped lands.



Do you realize how the Road connects up the cities and

towns of Michigan, so that business between them is made

easy and socialintercoursepossible—how,throughitsbig gate-

ways, Chicago, Toledo, Milwaukee and Bulialo, it puts us

all into touch with every other city and toWn in the country ?





That it has 1800 miles of

track in Michigan?



That it serves 45 Counties

of the State with a popula-

tion of more than two million people ?



That the Pere lVlarquette runs nearly a.

hundred passenger trains a day ?



That it carries more Ethan five million





DO YOU

KNOW





passengers per year 3’





 





That it moves over twelve million tons of freight a year ?





That it requires more





than four hundred locomotives,





nearly as many coaches, and more than sixteen thousand

freight cars to do busrness every day ?





That it employs more than ten thousand people P

That its payroll amounts to seven and a third million





dollars a year 3





That most of our people live in Michigan and most of

[their wages are spent in the State ?



That it pays this commonwealth in taxes more than one

llalf a million dollars a year ?





That it is the only Railroad that many hlichigan com-

munities have, and because it runs “All Over Michigan"

it is the most important line into those towns and cities hav—

ing more than one Railroad ? '



The Receivers are trying to pull it out of its difficulties and

put it on to its feet for the benefit of the people of the whole





State.





Are you helping?

giving it your patronage ?





Are you

Every pas-





Are you boosting?

If not, begin now.





senger fare counts, and so does every pound of freight.

Give us the busmess to do, and we will give you the service.





Talk No. 3





W

.- III-IIII-III-IIIIII.





Odd-4%?





Operating Receiver,

Pcre Marquette Railroad.





 





lows are making one dollar on beans





. Igwill make. two dollars on potatoes.”





This speaker also startled his hearers

by telling them that one of the great-

est evils of the district was too much

cattle. His argument was that a large

proportion of the farmers were allow-

ing cattle to crop the land too closely.

Immediately following this speaker

came the leading live stock man of the

community who emphatically declared

that the bane of the entire district was

lack of cattle, both in numbers and in

quality.



Then came the inevitable topic, mar-

keting. This was discussed from the

co-operative standpoint and was, of

course, proposed as the remedy for

nearly all of the troubles affecting the

farming business. The women and

children were not omitted from this

varied and comprehensive program. A





MARCH 25,1311." “





try church until late, in the afternoon.





Everyone was eager, not only to listen 7 '





but to take part in the discussions.

The most significant element of the

entire conference was unmistakably

the lack of program. Here was a live,

enthusiastic community with plenty of

leadership but no program. To prove

that the leadership was there one need-

ed only to witness the eagerness with

which those who were elected on the

advisory board of the boys’ and girls’

club accepted their responsibility.

Again, one needed only to see the ter-

vor with which each speaker contend-

ed in favor of his cure for the problem

to be assured of the dormant leader-

ship.



If such communities could agree up

on a program the day of better things

on the farm would be hastened. Is it

possible to reach such an agreement?





 





 





pithy, pointed and suggestive talk was

given on the subject of the possibility

of a cure for the drudgery of the farm

household. Boys’ and girls’ clubs were

also discussed. In fact a potato club

for boys was organized and a garment

making club for the girls of the com-

munity quickly followed.



These two clubs for boys and girls

constituted the only definite result of

the conference. What the indefinite

results will be cannot be estimated,

for it could be plainly seen that the

community was groping to find itself.

Over two hundred people came in the

morning and stayed in the little coun-





 





 





Pedigreed Oats:





Worthy. Alexander and other varieties, bred b the

Michigan Agricultural College. best of hundre s of

varieties tented. Grown in Michigan and adapted to

Michigan conditions. Reported upon by farmers as

follows: “The outs produced 85 bushels per acre, best





yield in township." “Your edifiruetlhoutu have u very

st iii straw and are good yicl N's. ‘ one far better

than my own variety." “Best crop we have had in ten.





) (-m‘s." “Host we ever grew." Etc. Write to Secretary

lVllch. Experiment Association. East Lansing. Mich.





Write for Samples'and Prices of





White Bonanza Seed Oats





One of the best varieties irown in Michigan.

Young-Randolph. Semd Co. Owoeso. Michigan





OAT SEED





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Eug- CH KISTIANSEN. . CORA . . AMICK.

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pure. Wisconsin Pedlgrced

Clean, Guaranteed . N o. 1 Oats. Write for reduced

price. Fred Voight, Lomira, Wis.

SENSATION—JL’K bus. per acre. Also Leumin





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SEE“ O‘Ts' gmwfidlfih Select. Great Dane afld

Wax, Millingcon, "3»ch Write Sol-prices. o. ,





Ah, there’s a

See, he’s up;





“It wants only life!

horse climbing the hill!

he has a rider.”



Before she looked Madeline knew

the identity of the man riding up the

mesa; but she did not know until that

moment how the habit of watching for

him at this hour had grown upon her.

He rode along the rim of the mesa and

out to the point where, against the

golden background, horse and rider

stood silhouetted in bold relief.



“What’s he doing there? Who is

he ‘1” inquired the curious Helen.



“That is Stewart, my right-hand

man,” replied Madeline. “Every day

when he is at the ranch he rides up

there at sunset. I think he likes the

ride and the scene, but he goes to take

a look at the cattle in the valley.”



“Is he a cowboy?" asked Helen.



“Indeed, yes,” replied Madeline with

a little laugh. “You will think so when

Stillwell gets hold of you and begins

to talk.”



Madeline found it necessary to ex-

plain who Stillwell was and what he

thought of Stewart; and while she was

about it, of her own accord she added

a, few details of Stewart’s‘fame.



“El Capitan—how interesting!” mus-

ed Helen. “What does he look like?”



“He is superb.”



Florenlce handed the field-glass to

Helen and bade her look. '



“Oh, thank you,” said Helen, as she

complied. “There, I see him. Indeed

he is





 





\





 





superb. What a magnificent .





 





The School Children Took an Active Part in the Program.





The writer believes that the time must

come when all members of a communi-

ty must decide upon a few of the vital

needs of that community and then do-

vote themselves vigorously tothe at-

tainment of the goal which they have

set. For example, if this community

could decide that its three most vital

needs were better church, better mar-

keting and better live stock then every

member of the community would know

what every other member was striving

for. It might take twenty years to fol-

low such a program and get results

but it would be worth one hundred

years of effort without a definite goal.





lllllllllllllllllllllllllillll|lilllllfllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllll!lillllllllllllllllllllllllTlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll"la‘lIll?llllllllil”lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilll





Light of Western Stars





By ZANE GREY





 





 





horse! How still he stands! Why, he

seems carved in stone.”



“Let me look,” said Dorothy Coombs

eagerly.



Helen gave her the glass.



“You can look, Dot, but that’s all.

He’s mine—I saw him first.”



Whereupon the feminine guests held

a spirited contest over the field-glass;

ard three of them made bantering

boasts not to consider Helen’s self— as

serted rights.



Madeline laughed with the others

while she watched the dark figure of

Stewart and his black outline against

the sky. There came over her a.

thought not by any means new or

strange—she wondered what was in

Stewart’s mind as he stood there in

the. solitude and faced the desert and

the darknening west. Some day she

meant to ask him. Presently he turn-

ed the horse and rode down into the

shadow that was creeping up the mesa.



“Majesty, have you planned any fun,

any excitement for us?” asked Helen.

She was restless, nervous, and did not

seem to be able to sit still a moment.



“You will think so when I get

through with you,” replied Madeline.



“What, for instance?" inquired Hel-

en and Dot and Mrs. Beck in unison,

while Edith Wayne smiled her interest.



“Well, I am not counting rides and

climbs and golf, but they are neces-

sary to train you for trips over into

Arizona. I want to show you the des-



(Continued on page 434). '
MARCH 25, 19.16. i





SK the first ten persons you

meet what they know about Yu.

catan, and nine of them will



either tell you that it is a far off coun-

try where they make chewing gum, or

that you can look it up in a geography

yourself. And, indeed, although Yuca-

tan is one of the most interesting little

spots in the world, being known as the

Egypt of America, it is doubtful if we

would ever hear much of it if it were

not for the fact that since the Spanish-

American war, when the capture of

Manila and the Philippines paralyzed

the sisal industry of that country, the

American farmer has been dependent

upon the sisal growers of Yucatan for

twine with which to bind his grain

crop.



Many efforts have been made to find

a satisfactory substitute for sisal, but

so far, nothing has been accomplished.

Efforts have also been made to start

sisal plantations in other parts of Mex-

ico, but this, too, has not been very

successful, and it appears that for

some time to come we must look to

that romantic little spot for our bind-

ing twine.



For Yucatan has a history unequal-

led by any country in America, save,

possibly, the land of the Incas. Within

its 35,214 square miles forming the

northwestern portion of the Yucatan

. peninsula, there are miles and miles of

wild jungle in which the traveler quite

frequently stumbles onto the crumb-

ling ruins of great cities so old that

even their origin is lost in the dim

mists of antiquity. Several of these

cities have been carefully investigated

and studied by scientists. It is known

that the ancient inhabitants of Yuca-

tan, known as Mayans, had a remark-

able civilization and that they built

wonderful cities showing a 'very ad-

vanced knowledge of architecture.

These cities have been placed at from

one thousand to eleven thousand years

old. And in the picture writings of

the ancient Mayans are many allu-

sions to henequin, the plant from

which sisal fiber is obtained. What

calamity swept away the civilization

of the Mayans, and left their cities in

ruins, history does not record. Today,

the sleepy—eyed Mayan Indians, des-

cendants of the original tribes of that

romantic spot, are toiling in the hene-

quin plantations under the lash of the

overseers for the British and American

capitalists who own the plantations.



What part of Yucatan is not jungle,

is given over to the growing of hene-

quin, for the soil of that little state is

peculiarly adapted to the growing of

the plant. It is a loose layer resting

on a corraline limestone. Hence the

heavy rainfall does not run off in sur-

face water (there are no rivers in Yu-

catan) but percolates rapidly into the

soil, thus giving plenty of moisture at

all times.



We have heard of the wonderful

maguey, known in our country as the

“Century Plant.” There are many,

many varieties of the maguey, and the

henequin is one of them. There are

three varieties which produce sisal,

one of which is wild and useless, the

other two being cultivated, producing

respectively a green and a white fiber.

“As soon as a field is in shape after

the jungle has been cleared off and

burned back, the plants are set out in

rows ten to twelve feet apart. This

distance is necessary because of the

long, sword-like leaves which the

plants bear. If too close together

these spike-points would ruin adjoin-

ing plants, as well as making it impos-

sible to harvest the crop.



As the plant grows, it takes on the

form of a conical spike, on the body of

which grow rings of leaves. It is these

large leaves which produce the fiber of

commerce. Six years after the plant-

ing, the oldest ring, the bottom one,

may be cut off, and each year thereaf-

ter, the two lower rings may be re-





 

 

 





DcBRA





moved. The plant bears for ten years.



On the tip of each leaf is a sharp

spike-like point which is islightly poi-

sonous, necessitating .care in harvest-

ing. A special knife is used to cut

away the leaves, and the Mayan Indi-

ans, whole families of whom work in

the henequin fields, are very adept

at the cutting. The leaves are laid in

piles to dry, and after drying, are tak-

en to the sisal mill where the fiber is

extracted by macerating the grayish-

green leaves. The sisal fiber is then

bleached, dried, pressed into bales,

and is ready for shipment to the twine

factory.



The henequin mills are located at

Merida, a city in the interior. From

there, the bales of sisal are shipped by

rail to Progreso, the only sea-port. In

fact, these two cities are the only ones

of importance in Yucatan now, though

ruins of ninety-two flourishing cities

have been found in the jungle wilder-

ness. And the fiber of the henequin

which the ancient Mayans used to

make ropes with which to raise the

stones for building their wonderful

temples, is now in world-wide demand

to make binding twine for the grain-

growers of the world.





IN THE OTHER FELLOW’S SHOES.





 





It had become a confirmed habit

with Allen Crosby to keenly sympa-

thize with himself over the mistake he

felt he had made in not breaking away

from the farm while he was yet young

enough to get a fair start in some-

thing else. In his early forties his

chief regret centered in the fact that

an unkind fate still fettered him to the

monotony of farm work. It seemed to

him that the routine of the seasons

carried no variation unless it might be

that oftentimes instead of “work” the

day‘s program called for “more work.”



“It’s the same old story—world with-

out end,” he thought to himself some

what bitterly as he unhitched his team

that evening in the yard. “I’ve done

two men’s work today in the hot sun

and now I’ve got to sit on a milking

stool and cool off close up to nice

warm cow.”



He cast an envious look toward the

shimmer of silver which shone through

the trees half a mile distant. Smoke

curling over the tree tops indicated

that the summer colony housed on the

lake shore was beginning to think of

supper.



“If I didn’t have any more to bother

me than those campers down there in

the grove I’d think that Kingdom Come

was at the door. Git up!”. He hit the

off mare a sharp clip which startled

her into the barrr on a trot.



“Nice evening,” suggested a voice

fr0m the stable door some time later.

Allen looked up from his milking to

find Judge Marshall, from the camper

colony, standing in the entrance. The

Judge was a regular caller each even~

ing, since it proved convenient to stop

for the milk on his way from the train

to the cottage where he spent the night

with his family.



“Yes! A nice evening for such as

don’t have to work,” retorted Allen.



The jurist ignored the inference

which the remark carried. Having

summered his family several seasons

at the lake, while he came and went as

he could, he knew Allen well enough

to know that the remark was not in

tended to be particularly personal.



“Sounds to me as though you’re out

of sorts tonight,” he returned pleas-

antly.



“I am,” the other shot back. “Some

days farming goes against the grain

and this is one of them.“ I’m ready to

chuck it all when I feel like I do to-

night. Guess it won’t be much differ-

ent with me until I move' to town and

go into something else.”



“That so?” queried the Judge quite

surprised. “Well, if you do make a





THE “zMi-C'H IvG‘A’N F’A R M E R a”





Yucatan, the Home 'of ' Sisal,

By .L. L.





 





 





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mmfllrh





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no name uh 'I ‘° ‘h'

ne- 0‘ l'"

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| r





 





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BY ARTHUR ‘V. PEACH.





Some hearts are barren, cold as moun-

tain rocks



in some sudden earthquake' s

rending shocks;



The windblown seeds that rest upon





Born





them die;



Iron-faced they stare toward the sun-

niest sky.



Then comes the rain with Chisels small

and keen,



The frost and snow from winter’s far

demesne;



Again the seeds the summer casts

around,



And on the rack wee cervices are

found.





There slow seeds grow from spring-

time on to fall,

Until the creeping vines have covered





a .

And where the gray rock harshly

watched the sky,





‘Green leaves and swaying leaves in





beauty lie.





So to some cold, hard heart do sorrows

ceom



Defeat and pain; with years of toiling

dumb,



They bring love’ s gentleness where

hate had been



And clothe with good the barrenness

of sin!





LIGHT OF WESTERN STARS.





 





(Continued from page 432).



ert and the Aravapai Canon. We have

to go on horseback and pack our out-

fit. If any of: you are alive after these

trips, and want more, we shall go up

into the mountains. I should like very

much to know what you each want par-

ticularly.”



“I'll tell you,” replied Helen prompt-

ly. “Dot will be the same out here as

she was in the east. She wants to look

bashfully down at her hand—her hand

imprisoned in another—and listen to a

man talk poetry about her eyes. If

cowboys don’t make love that way,

Dot’s visit will be a failure. Now Elsie

Beck‘s one desire is to be revenged up-

on us for dragging her out here. She

wants some dreadful things to happen

to us. I don’t know what's in Edith’s





_ head, but it isn’t fun. Bobby wants to





be near Elsie, and no more. Boyd

wants what he has always wanted—

the only thing he ever wanted that he

didn’t get. Castleton has a horrible,

bloodthirsty desire to kill something.”



“I declare now I want to ride and

camp out, too,” protested Castleton.



"As for myself,” went on Helen, “I

want—oh, if I only knew what it is

that I want! Well, I know I want to

be outdoors, to get into the open, to

feel the sun and wind, to burn some

color into my white face. I want some

flesh and blood and life. Beyond all

that I don’t know very well. I’ll try

to keep Dot from attaching all the

cowboys to her train.” ~



“What a diversity of wants,” said

Madeline.



“Above all, Majesty, we want some-

thing to happen,” concluded Helen

with passionate finality.



“My dear sister, you may have your

wish fulfilled,” replied Madeline sober-

ly. “Edith, Helen has made me curl-

ous about your especial yearning.”



“Majesty, it is only that I wanted to

be with you for awhile,” replied this

old friend.



J In the wistful reply, accompanied by

a lark and eloquent glance, there was

something which told Madeline of

Edith’s understanding, of her sympa-

thy, and which was perhaps a betrayal

of her own unquiet soul. It saddened

Madeline. How many women might

there not be who had the longing to

break down the bars of their cage, but

had not the spirit! '



In the whirl of the succeeding days

it was a mooted question whether Mad-

eline’s guests or her cowboys or her-

self got the keenest enjoyment out of

the flying time. Considering the same-

ness of the cowboys’ ordinary life, she

was inclined to think theymade the





7 most of the opportunity.





StillWell and Stewart, however,

found the situation trying. The work





 





of the ranch had .to go on, and some of





1'\





HARCHBB. 1916.



a was sadly neglected. Stillwell could

not resist the ladies, any more than he

could resist the fun in the extraordi~

nary goings-on of the cowboys. Stew-

art alone kept the business of cattle-

raising from a serious setback. Early

and, late he .was in the saddle, driving

the lazy Mexicans whom he had hired

to relieve the cowboys.





One morning in June Madeline was

sitting on the porch with her merry

friends when Stillwell appeared on the

corral path. He had not come to con-

sult Madeline for several days—-

an omission so unusual as to be re-

marked.



“Here comes Bill—in trouble,” laugh-

ed Florence.



Indeed, he bore some faint resem-

blance to a thunder-cloud as he ap-

proached the porch; but the greetings

he got from Madeline’s party, especial-

ly from Helen and Dorothy, chased

away the blackness from his face and

brought the wonderful, Wrinkling

smile.



“Miss Majesty, sure I’m a sad, de-

moralized old cattleman,” he said pres-

ently. “I’m in need of a heap of help.”



“What’s wrong now?”



“Wal, it’s so amazin’ strange what

cowboys will do. I’m jest about to

give up. My cowboys are all on strike

for vacations. What do you think of

that? We’ve changed the shifts, short-

ened hours, let one an’ another off

duty, hired greasers, an’, in fact, done

everythin’ that could be thought of;

but this vacation idee growed worse.

When Stewart set his foot down, then

the boys begin to get sick. Never in

my born days as a cattleman have I

heerd of so many diseases. There's

Booly. I’ve knowed a hose to fall all

over him, an’ wunst he rolloed down a

canon. Never bothered him at all!

He’s got a blister on his heel, a ridin’

blister, an’ he says it’s goin’ to blood-

poisonin’ if he doesn’t rest. There’s

Jim Bell. He's developed what he says

is spinal mengalootis, or some sich

like. There’s Frankie Slade. He swore

he had scarlet fever—because his face

was burnst so red, I guess. When I

hollered that scarlet fever was con-

tagious, an’ he must be put away some-

where, he up an’ says he guessed it

wasn’t that; but he was sure awful

sick an’ needed to loaf around an’ be

amused. Why, even Nels doesn’t want

to work these days. If it wasn’t for

Stewart, who’s had greasers with the

cattle, I don’t know what I’d do.”





“Why all this sudden illness and

idleness?” asked Madeline.



“Wal, you see, the truth is every

blamed cowboy on" the range except

Stewart thinks it’s his bounden duty

to entertain the ladies.”



“I think that is just fine,” exclaimed

Dorothy Coombs, and she joined in the

general laugh.



“Stillwell, you needn’t be so dis-

tressed with what is only gallantry in

the boys, even if it does make tempor-

ary confusion in the wor ” said Mad-

eline.



“Miss Majesty, all I said is not the

half, nor the quarter, nor nuthin’ of

what’s troublin’ me,” he answered.



.f‘Very well~unburden yourself.”



\‘Wal, the cowboys, exceptin’ Gene,

have gone plumb batty. jest plain

crazy, over this heah game of gol—lof.”



A merry peal of mirth greeted Still-

well’s solemn assertion.



“Oh, Stillwell, you’ 19 joking,” replied

Madeline.



“I hope to die if I’m not in daid ear-

nest,” declared the cattleman. “It's

an amazin’ strange fact. Ask Flo. She '

can tell you. She knows cowboys, an'

how, if they ever start on somethin’,

they ride it as the ride a hose.”



Florence, being appealed to, and evi-

dently feeling all eyes upon her, mod-

estly replied that Stillwell had scarcely

misstated the situation.



“Cowboys play like they work or

fight," she added. “They give their

whole souls to it. They are great big

simple boys.”



“Indeed they are,” said Madeline.

“Oh, I’m glad it they like golf. They

have so little‘play.”
H’





' the game.





men 26, 1916.





“Wall, somethin’s got to he did if we

are to go on raisin’ cattle at Her Mad—

esty’s Rancho," replied Stillwell. “You

recollect What pride the boys took in

fixin' up that gol-lof course out on the

mesa, a‘n’ how they all wanted to see

you an’ your brother play, an’ be cad-

dies for you? Wal, whenever you’d

quit they’d go to work tryin’ to play

Monty Price, he was the

leadin’ spirit; an’ he an’ Link Stevens

~——both cripples, you might say~joined

forces an’ elected to beat all comers.

They did beat ’em, too, an’ that’s the

trouble. Long an’ patient the other

cowboys tried to best them two game—

legs, an’ hevn’t done it. Mebbe if Mon.

ty an’ Link was perfectly sound in

their legs, like the other cowboys,

there wouldn’t hev been such a holler;

but no sound cowboys ’ll ever stand

for a disgrace like that. . Monty and

Link hev got the books an’ the direc-

tions of the game, an’ they won’t let

the otherboys see them. They show

the rules, but thet’s all; an' of course,

every game ends in a row almost be-V

fore it’s started. The boys are all tur-

rible in earnest about this gel-lot; an’

I want to say for the good of ranchin’,

not to mention a possible fight, that

Monty an’ Link hev got to be beat.

There‘ll be no peace round this ranch

till that‘s done.”



“What in the world can I do?” Mad-

eline asked.



“Wal, I reckon I couldn’t say. All

I’m sure of its that the conceit has got

to be taken out of Monty and Link.

VVunst, just wunst, will square it, an'

then we can resoome our work.”



“Stillwell, listen,” said Madeline.

“We'll arrange a match game, a four-

some, between Monty and Link and

your best picked team. Castleton, who

is an expert golfer, will umpire. My

friends will take turns as caddies for

your team. Caddies may coach, and

perhaps expert advice is all that is nec

essary for your side to defeat Monty’s.”



“A grand idee!” declared Stillwell

with instant decision. “When can we

have this match game?”



“Why, today—this afternoon. We’ll

all ride out to the links.”



“Will, I reckon I’ll be some indebted

to you, Miss Majesty, an’ all your

guests,” replied Stillwell warmly. He

I‘osv with sombrero in hand and with a

twinkle in his eye. “An’ now I’ll be

goin‘ to fix up for the game of cowboy

gol-loi‘. Adios!"



The June. days had set in warm—hot,

in fact, during the noon hours; and

Madeline’s visitors had profited by the

experience of those used to the south-

west. They indulged in the restful

siesta during the heated term of the

day.



Madeline was awakened by Majes-

ty’s well-known whistle and pounding

on the gravel. Then she heard the

other horses. When she went out she

found her party assembled in gala golf

attire and with spirits to match their

costumes. Castleton, especially, ap—

peared resplendent in a golf coat that

beggared description: Madeline had

faint misgivings when she reflected on





what, Monty and Nels and Nick might .





do under the influence of that blazing

garment.



“Oh, Majesty,” cried Helen, as Mad-

Cline went up to her horse, “don’t make

him kneel. Try that flying mount. We

all want to see it. It’s stunning!”



“But. that way, too, I must have him

kneel,” said Madeline, “or I can’t reachl

the, stirrup. He’s so tremendously

high.” ,



Madeline had to yield to the laugh-

ing insistence of her friends and, after

all of them except Florence were up,

she made Majesty go down on one

knee. Then she stood on his left side,

facing back, and took a good, firm grip.

on the bridle and pommel and blew

me. After she had slipped the toe

of her boot firmly into the stirrup she‘

called to Majesty. He jumped and

swung her up into the saddle.



“Now, just to see how it ought to be

done, watch Florence,” said Made’line.‘



The western girl was at her best in



(Continued on page 4353.





 

 

 





 





 





 





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Land 0’ Nod Stories. r





_ By HOWARD T. KNAPP \

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[fi





A Bloody Battle





HE colony of Negro ants the



Queen’s army had just located



was too small to supply all the

slaves they needed, so as soon as the

soldiers turned their captives over to

the old slaves in the home city, they

hurried back to the scene of action and

mustered for another raid. Soon they

were off through the oat forest in a.

solid column, headed toward another

Negro city some distance away, and

no army of men ever set off to battle

in more orderly array than this horde

of tiny insects which had no general

or officers to direct their movements.





The city they now were headed for

was large and flourishing and, warned

by the fate that had befallen their

neighbors, the inhabitants had made

every preparation to defend their

home. Workers hastily barricaded the

passages and closed the gate with pel-

lets of dirt, while the nurscmaids gath-

ered up all the eggs and cocoons and

baby ants and carried them to the

very bottom of the city for conceal-

ment or readier escape. Sentinels had

been posted on every road leading to

the city, and as the foe advanced to

the attack, these reireated and warned

the Negro soldiers to be ready for bat-

tlc. So when the Queen’s army arriv-

ed at the city, they found the plain

alive with Negro warriors determined

to defend their home or die in the

attempt.



Nothing daunted by this show of re-

sistance, the Queen’s soldiers rushed

boldly forward to the attack, but they

were met by warriors as savage and

determined as themselves. Hosts of

the angry blacks hurled themselves on

the invaders, and soon the plain sur-

rounding the city was covered with a.

confused mass of struggling insects.

The red helmets and armor of the in-

vaders distinguished them from the

black coats of mail worn by the de-

fenders, but here and there groups of

fighters 'were mixed up together in

such a hopeless tangle of interlocked





, jaws and legs that only the warriors

' themselves could tell friend from foe.





The toothed mandibles, or upper





I. jaws, were the chief weapons of both





invaders and defenders, and with these

wide open the ants rushed together.

Often two soldiers would lock jaws in

a death struggle, and then a big red

soldier would make use of another

Weapon. Bending its abdomen upward

until the nozzle of the poison gland at

the end of its body was pointed at the

foe, the ant would squirt a stream of

formic acid into the face and mouth of

the Negro warrior. Now this formic

acid, which nearly all ants can secrete





j‘ at will from their tails, is a strong,

burning fluid that bites and stings ev-





So when this poi-





".9": son was squirted in an ant’s face, the





 





 





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PONTIAC. MICH.





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II





viciim was blinded and forced to loos-

on its grip, and the other was then

able to crush it to death between its

powerful jaws.



Although they were greatly outnum-

bered, the little black ants fought

bravely, holding their own and not giv-

ing way an inch before the savage at-

tack. Back and forth surged the ranks

of struggling warriors, tearing and bit-

ing and tugging at each other and nev-

er stopping to rest. For more than an

hour the result of the battle was in

doubt, and I can tell you, Billy Be By

Bo Bum was glad he was perched safe-

ly in the top of an oat tree and not

mixed up in the fray.



Now one side seemed to be winning,

now the other, and although hundreds

of soldiers were killed and wounded

on each side, the fighting was as fierce

as when the battle started. But at last

so many of the Negroes were killed or





 





disabled that they no longer could hold





their own against the Queen’s army.

Still fighting bravely they were forced

to retreat, slowly at first, then faster

and faster. Encouraged by this sign of

victory, the red invaders pressed in

harder than ever, driving the enemy

before them, until at last the defeated

blacks were forced to give up the fight,

and flee through the cat forest to es~

cape being killed.



Then commenced the sack of the

conquered city. Satisfied to let the de-

feated warriors escape, the raiders

rushed into the ant hill, tearing down

and pushing aside the barriers the de-





fenders had “erected in the passages in

the hope of protecting the nursery

from being plundered. In a. few min-

utes the victorious soldiers came out,

each bearing an egg or cocoon in its

jaws the precious treasure in the de-

fense of which so many of the brave

little Negroes had sacrificed their

lives. '



Soon the battlefield was deserted ex-

cept for the heaps of dead ants which

covered the plain surrounding the city

like a. red and black carpet. The

Queen’s army now began the triumph-

ant march back home. Now, however,

they did not march in orderly array as

when they went forth to battle. Each

soldier shifted for himself, taking the

easiest path, and each either carrying

an egg or cocoon or dragging a dead

or wounded prisoner.



And next week I’ll tell you of an ad-

venture that befell Billy Be By Bo Bum

on his way back to the city.





IIIII|I||IIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||l|IIIIIIIIIIIII||Ill|lIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIII'IIIII"II IIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIH





Two Opinions, Yet Practically One





By AUNT





NE dark day in December, Pater



and Mater Familias decided that



the entire family should seek a.

sunnier clime.



This included Jim Crow who was to

accompany his young master, and who

was more elated over the prospect

than any other member of the house-

hold.



Jim was the most prominent figure

that, perambulated the grounds of M21-

plcslludc. Especially was his presence

familiar to the inhabitants of the poul-

try yard which he delighted to visit,

and whose residents he loved to aston-

ish with strange tales of life in the

northern forest from whence he came.

In short, there was no end to his stor-

ies of lumber camps, hunting lodges,

blood curdling situations, and hair-

broadth escapes.



But now, said he, with a wink of the

eye, there will be mouths wider agape

than ever, more profound bows, more

regard for my personality, in those be-

nightcd quarters than heretofore, for

my stock of entertainment henceforth

will consist of tales of parlor cars,

great hotels, midwinter flowers, moon-

light excursions, and music furnished

to charm tourists like ourselves.



But alas! Unknown to Crow, the

master of Mapleshade in some way

had been ensnared by a conscienceless

Development Company, and, without

first seeing them, had been induced to

invest in lands in the midst of a dis-

mal southern swamp.



Jim himself, as well as the rest, was

dumfounded on reaching the end of the

journey. However, he braced up and

watched with apparent interest Pater-

anilias in his rubber boots, and the

ladies with their elevated spirts as

they waded around building the shack

which was to winter them.



This done, all settled down to a lone-

ly, humdrum life, subsisting on a little

fish and game, a few sweet potatoes,

and turnip greens, which an old col-

ored man now and then brought to

their camp.



By no means should the climate of

Florida be maligned. Many, very many,

of its late fall, winter, and early spring

days are simply heavenly. Her moods,

although not very ill, nor very lasting,

are subject to changes however, and

the quality of the weather during this

particular winter, and in this special

locality, somehow gave the entire fam-

ily the most unspeakable chills they

had ever experienced. In the clinging

vapors of the early mornings, and

sometimes till mid-day, Jim himself

shook like a miniature earthquake and,

like the rest, was glad when the time

came to find himself headed for the





north star.





Once at home, he found himself, as

a traveled gentleman might expect, the

center of attraction. His imagination





had not in the least been impaired by





his poor fare and hard chills. Strange

to say it seemed more active than ever,





QUILLIA '





and marvelous were the tales he told

of his tourist life, his delightful winter

home, and how, above all, he had been

potted in the grand hotels for his

smart appearance.



Day after day the rostrum in the

poultry yard was occupied by him, and

day after day did his audience seem

more spellbound by the recital of his

adventures.



Two old hens, however, always re-

mained on the outskirts of the crowd,

and a close observer might have noted

a. shade of incrcdulity on their faces.

Finally, one day Topknot turned to

Speckles saying, “I have my opinion.

What is yours?”



“Well,” replied Speckles with a clev-

cr grin, “it reminds me of what I have

heard that a joker in the man-world

once said: ‘Some travelers can’t tell

all they have seen; others can tell

more.’ ”



“Very good,” answered Topknot, “but

I believe I can go one better. A. Wit

once said: ‘Truth is valuable; let us

be economical of it.’ ”





 





A SONG OF SPRING.





 





BY '1‘. G. MORRIS.





There’s a. breath of Springtime n the

air,



The ClOCllS notes it too;



The pussy-willows lift their heads,

And the violets peep through.



The sun grows brighter every day,

The skies wear deeper blue;



All Nature feels the thrill of Spring,

And clothes itself anew.





The little buds on shrub and t1 ee,

Peer forth to view the sun,



The birds retuI 11mg from the South

Preen feathers, every one.



The flow’ rets all awaken

From long and wintry sleep;



And take on blightcr, fairer hues,

Spring’ 5 holiday to keep.





1 cannot hide the laughter,

Nor can I quell the song



Which rises gaily II om my heart,

And echoes all day long.



My cares grow light and lighter,

And work seems all but play;



A little voice keeps urging,

That Spring is on its way.





And every face is wmather in smiles,

All fears and cm cs must drown—

For who with Gentle Spring would



quarrel,

Or on Dame Nauue frown.

The new world seems so bright and

good,

We’ re happy~—and we sing;

Old Winter’s shadow moves along,

And in his place comes Spring.





“Love is the sum total of life, and

it is only according to our measure of

it that we are accessible to truth.

Man has part in the eternal only so

far as he cherishes in himself the Di-

vine spirit-love. Pray and work is the

great maxim for young and old—Fred-

erick K. Perthes.



He who would gather immortal

palms must not be hindered by the

name of goodness, but must explore

if it be goodness. Nothing is at last

sacred but the integrity of our own

mind. Absolve you to yourrself, and

you shall have the suffrage of the

world. -—Emerson.





 





4,. -1. .





 





......._.. 0,.
4,.





 





Win...





 





MARCH 25. 1916. ._





LIGHT OF WESTERN. STARS. '





 





(Continued from page 433).

a riding-habit and with her horse. It

was sbeautiful to see the ease and grace

with which she accomplished the cow-

boy's flying mount. Then she led the

party down the slope and across the

flat to climb the mesa.





Madeline never saw a group of her

cowboys without looking them over,

almost unconsciously, for her fore-

man; but this afternoon, as usual,

Gene Stewart was not present. She

could not help feeling disappointed and

irritated. He had not been attentive

to her guests, and he, of all her cow-

boys, was the one of whom they want—

ed most to see something. Helen, par-

ticularly, had asked to have him at-

tend the golf match; but Stewart was

with the cattle. Then Madeline thought

of his proven faithfulness, and was

ashamed of her momentary lapse into

that old imperious habit of desiring

things irrespective of reason.





Stewart, however, immediately slip-

ped out of her mind as she surveyed

the group of cowboys on the links. By

actual count there were sixteen, not

including Stillwell. The same number

of splendid horses, all shiny and clean,

grazed on the rim in care of Mexican

lads. The cowboys were on dress par-

ade, looking very different, in Made-

line’s eyes, at least, from the way cow-

boys usually appeared. But they were

real and natural to her guests; and

they were so picturesque that they

might have been ‘stage cowboys in-

stead of real ones. Sombreros with

silver buckles and horsehair bands

were in evidence. Bright silk scari‘s,

embroidered vests, fringed and orna—

mented chaps, huge swinging guns,

and clinking silver spurs lent a festive

appearance.



“Wal, you-all raced over, I seen,”

said Stillwell, taking Madeline's bridle.

“Get down, get down. We're sure

amazin‘ glad an’ proud. An‘, Miss

Majesty. I’m offering to beg pawdin’

for the ways the boys are packin' guns.

Mebbe it ain’t polite, but it’s Stewart’s

orders.”



“Stewart’s orders!” echoed Made-

line.



“I reckon he won’t take no chances

on the boys bein’ surprised sudden by

raiders; an’ there’s raiders operatin’

in from the Guadaloupes. That's all.

Nothin’ to worry over. I was just ex-

pl'ainin’.”



Madeline, with several of her party,

expressed relief, but Helen showed ex-

citement and then disappointment.



“Oh, I want something to happen!”

she cried.



Sixteen pairs of keen cowboy eyes

fastened intently upon her pretty, pet—

ulant face; and Madeline divined, if

Helen did not, that the desired consum-

mation was not far off.



“So do 1,” said Dot Coombs. “It

would be perfectly lovely to have a

real adventure!”



“Wal, I reckon you ladies sure won’t

have to go home unhappy,” Stillwell

said. “Why, as boss of this heah out-

fit I’d feel myself disgraced forever if

you didn’t have your wish. Just wait.

An’ now, ladies, the matter on hand

may not be amusin’ or excitin' to you,

but to this heah cowboy outfit it's pow-

erful important, an’ all the help you

can give us will sure be thankfully re-

ceived. Take a look across the links.

Do you-all see them two apologies for

human bein’s prancin’ like a couple of

hobbled bronks? Wal, you’re gazin’ at

Monty Price an’ Link Stepens, who

have of a sudden got too swell to as—

sociate with their old bunkies. They’re

practisin’ for the toornament. They

don’t want my boys to see how they

handle them crooked clubs.”



“Have you picked your team?” in-

quired Madeline.



Stillwell mapped his face with an



Stillwell mapped his red face with

an immense bandanna and showed

something of confusion and perplexlty.



“I’ve sixteen boys, an‘ they all want

to play,” he replied. “Pickin’ the team

ain’t goin’ to be an easy job. Mebbe





THE MICHIGAN FAR'MER





it won’t be healthy, either. There’s

Nels air Nick. They just stated cheer»

iul like that if they didn’t play we

won’t have any game at all. Nick nev-





er tried before, an’ Nels, all he wants





is to get a crack at Monty with one of

them crooked clubs.”





“I suggest you let all your boys drive





from the tee, and choose the two Who

drive the farthest,” said Madeline.



Stillwell’s face lighted up.



“Wal, that’s a plumb good idee! The

boys ’11 stand for that.” He promptly

broke up the admiring circle of cow-

boys round the ladies. “Grab a rope—-

I mean a club, all you cow-punchers.

March over hyar an’ take a swipe at

this little white bean!"



The cowboys obeyed with alacrity.

There was some difficulty over the

choice of clubs and who should try

first. The latter question had to be ad-

justed by lot. However, after Frankie

Slade had made several ineffectual

attempts to hit the ball from the tee-

ing-ground, at last to send it only a

few yards, the other players were not

so eager to follow.



Stillwell had to push Booly forward;

the cowboy executed a most miserable

shot and retired to the laughing com-

ments of his comrades. The efforts of

several succeeding candidates attested

to the extreme difficulty of making a

good drive.



“Wal, Nick, it’s your turn now,” said

Stillwell.



“Bill, I ain't so particular about play-

in’,” replied Nick. -



“'Why‘? You was roarin’ about it a

little while ago. Afraid to show how

bad you'll play?”



“Nope, jest plain consideration for

my fellow cow-punchers,” answered

Nick with spirit. “I'm appreciatin’

how bad they play, 2111’ I'm not mean

enough to show them up.”



“Wal, you’ve got to show me," said

Stillwell. “I know you never seen a

gol-lof stick in your life. What’s more,

I'll bet, you can’t hit that little ball

square—not in a dozen cracks at it.”



“Bill, I’m also too much of a gent to

take your money: but you know I’m

from Missouri. Gimme a club.” '





Nick’s angry confidence seemed to ;,





evaporate as one aftenanother he took

up and handled the clubs. It was plain

that he had never before wielded one;

but also it was plain that he was not

the kind of a man to give in. Finally





he selected a driver, looked doubtfully l‘





at the small knob, and then stepped

into position on the teeing—ground.



Nick Steele stood six feet four inch

es in height. He had the rider’s wiry

slenderness, yet he was broad of shoul-

der. His arms were long. Manifestly

he was an exceedingly powerful man.

He swung the driver aloft. and whirled

it down with tremendous swing. Crack!

The white ball disappeared, and from

where it had been rose a tiny cloud of

dust.



(Continued next week).





DO IT WELL.





BY (‘01er B. HOVVDEN.





If you do a thing at all,

Do it well!





~Never half done, finished call,





Do it well!

Never shirk the task you find

Bear it carefully in mind

Leave no bad record behind

Do it well!





If you’re given ought to do,



Do it now!

Pause not lest you later rue,



it now!



Men that letter at their task,

Stop and in the warm sun bask,

Never earn half what they ask



Do it now!





Taking each task as it comes

Murmur not!

If you ugly feel, stay mum,

Murmur not!

More than one may need your smile,

We must labor yet awhile,

Keep away from sham and guile,

Murmur not!





 





It will always be the hills that lift

themselves highest in the dark . . .

that will first and most richly catch

the glory of the rising sun. Therefore

keep your life glue that God may some

day make it h y—Phillips Brooks. ’





 





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HAT is being done for 'house-



keepers, present and future, by



the government, colleges, nor-

mals, high schools and grade schools

not to mention experiment stations,

was told the crowd of interested wom-

en who attended the Women’s Con

gress held in connection with Farmers’

Week at the Michigan Agricultural Col-

lege, East Lansing, February 28 to

March 4. Miss Carrie A. Lyford, Home

Economics Specialist, United States

Bureau of Education; Miss Paulina

Raven, extension worker for the col-

lege; Miss Mary E. Edmonds, head of

the domestic science department at the

college; Mrs. Lillian L. Peppard, head

of the domestic arts department, and

Dr. Georgia L. White, Dean of Women,

were among the speakers at the meet-

ings which lasted from Monday until

Friday, with a big mass meeting in the

armory Thursday night in charge of

the women.



Everything pertaining to women,

from cutting up meat to the psychol—

ogy of clothes, was demonstrated and

discussed at some time during the

week, the demonstrations especially

proving of great interest to the house-

keepers present. The use of potatoes

in the diet was demonstrated by Miss

Raven and Miss Clara King Morris;

the preparation of salads, by Miss Ed-

monds and Miss Morris; the prepara-

tion of meals, by Miss Lyford; the

preparation of meats for the table, by

Miss Edmonds and Miss Louise Clem-

ens, and meat cutting by Prof. G. A.

Brown.



Practical and helpful was the lecture

on “Floor Coverings,” by Mrs. Pep-

pard. Mrs. Peppard told of the com-

position and weave of every sort of

floor covering, from simple mattings

to oriental rugs, illustrating her talk

with samples of the different coverings

which the women could examine.



- “The simplest sort of matting is the

Chinese,” said Mrs. Peppard. “This is

made from grasses grown in China and

both warp and woof are fibre. It is

cool for porches and bedrooms in sum-

mer, but is objectionable because the

dirt sifts through it, and as it has to

be tacked down the dirt and dust must

remain on the floor until the matting

is taken up. A little better is the Jap-

anese matting, with a cotton warp and

fibre filling. This is waterproofed, so

that it can be wiped up. Sometimes

paper is used as a filling instead of

fibre.



“Next to the mattings come the cot-

ton carpets, which are being used more

and more on bedrooms. These wear

well and may be washed but the col-

ors are not fast. However, they come

in pleasing designs and can be bought

in colors to match any scheme of dec-

orating, so they are rather popular.

Better than these cotton rugs, because

they hold their color, are the rugs

made half of wool and half of fibre,

either jute or hemp.



“There are three weaves in rug mak-

ing, the over and under weave, illus-

trated by rag carpets and ingrains, the

Brussels weave and the Axminster

weave. Of the first weave rag carpets

are just now popular for bedrooms,

bath rooms and summer cottages. In-

grain carpets have fallen off in popui

larity because the increased price of

wool makes it impossible for rug mak-

ers to give the same quality of rug as

formerly at a price the mills can af-

ford to make. A good warp is often

used with a poor filling, but the result

is not satisfactory to the woman who





\





“6111811) and





 





. 4+





MARCH ’25, mid. /





 





 





 





 





At Home and Elsewlj ere





 





 





 





 





A“





 





 





{L





32$





The women’s Congress at M.A. C.





By DEBORAH





remembers the quality she formerly

got for the same money.



“The Brussels weave rugs and car-

pets are woven over a series of wires,

over which the loops are thrown much

as in knitting. These loops are caught

by a series of threads running back

and forth to hold the loops in place,

and the wires are then drawn out and

new loops thrown over them. The so-

called velvet carpets are nothing more

nor less than tapestry Brussels With

these loops cut and sheared to give a

nap. In Brussels rugs proper the loops

are never out, but in the velvets or

Wiltons, the wires are supplied with

knives which cut the loops as they are

drawn out. Another machine shears

and brushes the ends, giving the ap-

pearance of velvet. A body Brussels

has as many sets of warp threads as

there are colors in the rug, while a

tapestry has only one set of warp

threads. In addition to the velvet car-

pets the mills are just now turning

out a plush carpet. This is of a looser

weave, with a longer fibre. At present

on account of the difficulty of getting

dyes from Europe the mills are not

guaranteeing colors.



“The Axminster weave is not so

closely woven as the Wilton and is of

longer fibres. The back threads are

very far apart and the colors can be

seen straight through. On account of

the loose weave, a heavy piece of fur-

niture left on an Axminster rug crush-

es it so it seldom regains its original

look. Axminsters and moquettes are

practically the same thing.”



“To live mea'ns to be healthy, to en.

joy the senses, to learn to work, to

serve and to love,” Miss Edmonds told

her audience in her talk on “Efficiency

in Home Making.” “Home-making has

to do with all of these, and for home-

making intuition is not enough to teach

women the correct way. Neither is the

experience bf others alone, though

these experiences are of help. The

home-maker must learn to do many

things at once, and she must know

what is the most important thing to do.

When I ask what is the most import-

ant thing for the home-maker to know

I am invariably told to know how to

cook well. But this is not enough. She

must not only know how to cook the

food, but she must know its 00mposi-

tion and nutritive value; how to adapt

the foods to those she is feeding so as

to fit all ages and sizes, occupations,

seasons and conditions of health. She

needs to know, too, the nutritive value

as compared to cost so that she will

not serve the most expensive proteids

when a less expensive one would do.



“Then she must understand sanita-

tion, the disposal of sewage and the

necessity for pure air and water and

how to secure them in her home. We

spend $3,000,000,000 annually on sick-

ness, disease and death, when by

knowledge and care we might save

this money, and the suffering it repre-

sents. How few of us stop to think of

the absolute necessity of fresh air.

None of us would think of wearing an-

other’s soiled linen, yet we breath

soiled air from other people’s lungs.

To secure fresh air the housewife

should start in the cellar, for much of

the air from the cellar comes up to

the kitchen. In farm homes the cellar

is used for_storing vegetables, so it is





impossible to have windows open all

the time, but there are always warm

days in winter when the windows can

be opened without fear of freezing and

this should be done. The necessity for

fresh air in kitchen, living-room and

bedrooms has been emphasized so

much as to need no mention. Dark-

ness, dampness and foul air have been

called the three modern fates and must

be eliminated. ‘





“Our homes should be as beautiful

as it is possible to make them, too, for

our houses have a decided influence on

their inmates. We need, also, a knowl~

edge of economy, how to spend ,money

wisely. True economy does not mean

going withoutnecessities, but planning

to get the most for our money, in

learning to decide between the must

haves and the may-haves. We should

learn to economize time, too, as well

as money, and to do this we must have

proper tools, sharp knives, labor sav-

ing devices and handy arrangements.





“True efficiency in the home necessi-

tates time for the children, time to

talk to them, to read to them and with

them. It includes time to read for our

own culture and pleasure and time for

the social life of the community. In

short, the ideal home life must help

ourselves and others to good living.”



What is being done by the schools

of the country to train girls for home-

making was told by Miss Lyford. How

the girls are taught to make work ap-

rons, children’s suits and baby clothes.

In many rural schools throughout the

country, teacher-cottages are built in

connection with the schools where the

girls are taught housekeeping, home

gardening, dairying and poultry rais-

ing. The schools are trying to place

before the girls an idea of the breadth

of woman’s opportunity, of her place

in the world as well as in the home.

Miss Lyford also called attention to

the number of farm bulletins which

can be secured by writing the bureau

of education.



Miss Raven told what the extension

workers are doing in Michigan. The

work was begun last year, and when

twelve one-week extension schools

were held in different parts of the

state. In these schools food principles,

the preparation and place of proteids,

textiles and school lunch boxes were

considered, bulletins distributed and

recipes demonstrated. This year the

workers returned to half of the places

and continued the work with lessons

on household management, demonstra-

tion of carbohydrates and the care and

diet of the sick. They also acted as

judges at the state fair and at several

county fairs and got out score cards

which they hope to make standard at

all fairs held in Michigan.



During the summer cold pack bulle-

tins which the department has prepar-

ed will be sent out, and the workers

will give demonstrations wherever

they are requested by groups. They

are also prepared to give lectures for

clubs, granges, etc. To answer queries

through their bureau of information

and to send out bulletins. Household

engineering and plumbing is taken

care of by O. E. Robey, of the farm

mechanics department.



These traveling schools may be se-

cured by petitioning the director of ex-





tension, at the Agricultural College, at

East Lansing, with a pledge of thirty

women to pay fifty cents each for the

course. The money is to pay for cost

of material, hall rent and other local

expenses.



Mrs. Dora Stockman called attention

to the traveling libraries which may be

secured from the state library by pay-

ing the cost of transportation both

ways. Among these there are ten

home economic libraries, which are

busy all the time. A collection of pic-

tures for exhibition in clubs or Grang-

es may also be secured in the same

way.



Mrs. Thomas- E. Gunson, of East

Lansing, spoke of the amount of edu-

cational literature which is being sent,

out as advertising by large manufac-

turers. A collection of these circulars

and booklets would almost make up a

home economics library.





The talk on “Horne Gardens,” by R.

E. Loree, of the horticulture depart-

ment, brought forth many questions

from the women. From Mr. Loree the

audience learned that they could grow

parsley in ordinary eight-inch flower

pots during the winter as well as in a.

window box. Asparagus should be

planted in rows four feet apart, the

plants eighteen inches apart in the

rows instead of in the old-fashioned

beds. It is better to get plants one

year old than to set out those older,

as they get established quicker than

the older plants. The plants should be

set out in trenches twelve inches deep.

In the trenches should come first a

layer of well-rotted manure, then a

layer of soil rounded up in the center

to give more room for the roots to be

spread out, and then the plants. Over

the roots put only two inches of soil,

leaving the rest to be filled in during

the season as the asparagus bed is cul-

tivated. The asparagus should not be

cut'before the third year, and it is bet-

ter to wait until it is three years old.

The cutting system should last only

six or eight weeks, then top fertilizer

should be put on and the bed cultivat-

ed. No especial treatment is needed

in the fall unless the leaves turn red

and drop. Then they should be cut

down and burned. Fertilizer should be

applied in the early spring.



When the cucumber vines wither,

Mr. Loree told his hearers, it is safe

to decide they have been attacked by

cucumber wilt, though sometimes

green plant lice cause them to wilt.

Cucumber wilt is caused by bacteria,

and the only thing to do is to pull up

the plants and burn them. There is

no known remedy for the disease. It

does not stay in the soil, but is thought

to be spread by the cucumber beetle.





To get the best results from tomato

plants they should be staked up and

the liberal stems trimmed off. In this

way you do not secure so many toma-

toes to the plant, but you can get in

more plants to the acre so the yield is

practically the same. Besides you get

the fruit from ten days to two weeks

earlier.





 





BETTER BABIES DEPEND UPON

PURE MILK.





 





“It’s clean. You can’t see the dirt,"

is the reply given by many people

when told,that pure milk is one of the

necessary things for babies. Straining

a little of the milk through a sample

of cotton will often show settlings in

the milk not visible in the glass. Even
_.... m...” H ....._.... W.—





 





 





-JL.





MARCH 25, 1916.





if there are no such settlings milk may

be dangerous to grown folks, and es-

pecially to babies without giving any

warning in the form of dirt that can

be seen, or any bad taste. whatever.





Impure milk is more dangerous than

most other foods because the baby to

whom it is fed is less able to resist

many diseases, and proper cooking of

other foods will kill the disease germs

while milk is rarely pasteurized.



Consumption or tuberculosis, sum-

mer complaint of babies, typhoid fev-

er, diphtheria, scarlet fever, sore

throat, diarrheas, and dysenteries are

among the more common diseases that

are certainly spread through milk.

There are people who do not believe

that tuberculosis of cattle can cause

the same diseases among children, but

the best authorities believe that one

out of every four cases of this disease

in children is contracted from cow’s

milk and one excellent authority states

that 95 per cent of the tuberculosis of

glands in children is caused by the

cow germ.



Improvement in a community’s milk

supply has been proved to lower the

death rate of babies and particularly

those under one year of age. To get

the safest milk we must test cows for

tuberculosis, keep them clean, particu-

larly the hair and skin of the udder,

avoid dust‘where milking is done, see

that dirty or unhealthy persons, espe-

cially those that have recently had

such diseases as typhoid fever, have

nothing to do with milking or handling

the milk, scald all milking utensils, or

better, heat them to the boiling point,

use only pure water and, even after

taking these precautions, pasteurize

the milk.



It is not necessary to boil milk or

heat it so that its food value is de-

creased. If there is no thermometer

at hand, put the milk in bottles, place

the bottles in a vessel full of cold wa-

ter on the stove, bring the water to a

boil, remove the bottles at once, chill

them quickly and keep the milk so

cold that germs cannot develop in it

before it is used. If a thermometer is

available, put the milk into lightly

stoppered bottles, heat it to 145 de-

grees F. and keep at this temperature

for 30 minutes, then cool rapidly. A

double boiler will help in doing this.



This is some work but it pays big

dividends in better, healthier babies

and 'may prevent sickness among the

older members of the family ‘as well.—

Missouri College of Agriculture.





GENERAL RULES FOR USING BAK-

ING POWDER.





 





“I always have to use sour milk and

soda,” say many women. “I never have

any luck with baking powder."



One wonders when biting on a lump

of soda in their cakes and eating their

biscuit, yellow-streaked, why they

think they have luck with soda? And

if a baking powder biscuit which

didn’t rise quite enough would not be

preferable to a sour milk biscuit which

came up plump and puffy and was fla-

\‘ored and colored with soda



Given a good baking powder, there

is no reason Why any woman should

not have good luck with it, provided

she uses good flour and follows prac-

tical, scientific rules in mixing her in-

gredients. And as baking powder can

be used with either milk or water, it

is certainly handler than soda which

depends for its success on sour milk

or cream.



Heat and moisture acting on baking





powder set free its leavening proper-





ties, that is, cause the batter in which

it is used to rise. For that reason it

should be kept tightly covered when

not in use or it will “lose its strength.”

It should also always be sifted with

the dry ingredients when used, to keep

it as dry as possible until the liquid is

added, after which the substance

should be set to cooking as soon as

practicable. Even where soda is used

experienced cooks use a bit of baking

powder as well to add to the lightness

of the dough'or' batter, and everyone





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





now, who wants flaky pie crust, Sifts

a pinch of baking powder in with the

flour for the crust. -



The general rule for. quantity is two

level teaspoons of baking powder to»

a cup of sifted flour for all batters and

(laughs where no eggs are used. In

cakes with eggs the usual amount is

two rounding teaspoons of baking pow-

der to the cake, that is where two cups

of flour are used. Special recipes call-

ing for different amounts should be re-

ligiously followed.



No better retreat for the family sup-

per can be thought of these spring

days than nice, light, flaky biscuit with

maple syrup. And with a good powder

every cook can serve them. To make

them, sift together two cups of flour,

one teaspoonful of salt, and four level

teaspoonfuls of baking powder. Work

in two tablespoonfuls of shortening as

carefully as for pie crust, and add one

cup of milk or water. This can be

dropped by spoonsfuls in gem tins and

baked, or rolled out and cut with a

biscuit cutter. These measurements

make eight biscuits.



Dumplings, so often like leaden bul-

lets, may be white and feathery if

properly made. Sift together two cups

of flour, one teaspoonful of salt and

four level teaspoonfuls of baking pow-

der. Add one cup of milk or water,

remove the‘meat from the broth, drop

in the batter by small spoonfuls, cover

immediately and boil ten minutes with

the cover on.





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





 





Our latest Fashion Book, containing

illustrations of over 1,000 designs of

ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar-

ments in current fashions, also newest

embroidery designs, and articles which

give valuable hints to the home dress-

maker, will be sent to any address up-

on receipt of ten cents.





 





 





 





No. 7677—Ladies' Shirt Waist. Cut

in sizes 34 to 42 inches, bust measure.

The sleeves extend to the neck edge

and may be made long or short.



No. 7686—Girls’ Dress. Cut in sizes

6, 8, 10 and 12 years. The dress has

a separate guimpe and a plaited skirt.



No. 7669—Ladies’ Skirt. Cut in sizes



24.to 32 inches, waist measure. The

skirt is cut in three gores and may be

made with or without the belt.

. No. 7645—Chi1dren’s Rompers. Cut

in sues, 2, 4 and 6 years. The romp~

ers close at the back and may have

long or short sleeves.



No. 7636—Ladies’ House Dress and

Cap. Cut in sizes 34 to 42 inches, bust

measure. The dress has a three-gored

skirt with high or regulation waistline.



The above patterns can be secured

from the Michigan Farmer. Price 10

cents each.





 





 





 





lac:



~-—.

re..-

a can‘-

g.





 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Thihgs to Eat For

the Worker on the Farm! '





“You want things at your house that

are nourishing and wholesome as well as

tasty and tempting. Then take my advice-

use Calumet Baking Powder every bake day.





“Such tender, light and appetizing bis-

cuits, doughnuts, muffins, cakes and

other goodies!—-a11 so tempting you just

can’t keep away from them.





“My mother uses Calumet all the time

and I know she knows what’s best.

It’s unequaled for sure results—~for

leavemng and raising qualities— - p

for purity and economy. Try it

on the money-back guarantee.”





Received Highest Awards





New Cook Book Free

See Slip in Pound Can





 

   





3%

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ate, warm or cold. Makes thick or thin cream. Different from picture, which illus- fl.

trateo our low priced

bodies all our latest improvements.





. IIIIII l



Our Twenty-Year Guarantee Protects You W. mm, 0.. .n a... m g... we :-

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'SEPARATOR “mi





.. , l .

giving: 5 en i N; ’ .

Thousands In use satisfactlhn jus— . .s‘w .

tifics investigating our wonderful offers - . . l‘ ‘v 5‘ ‘

brand new, well made. easy running. easily ‘ ‘





cleaned, erfcct skimming separator only

$15.95. . kims one quart of milk a min- "‘





   

 

 





 

   





   

   

 

   

 





 

 





   





large capacity machines. Bowl is a unitary marvel and em.





   





i I 3‘





Our wonderfully low prices and Err—“n...





 

 





(I





in“) ‘



, i r n’



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wL ~—: '





efi





 

 

 





do not fail to get our great offer. Our rlr‘lily illustrated





 





American Separator Co., Box 1061, Bainhridge, N.Y. L’T I





 

 





 





 





IICSlElliii‘féi‘i FREE





To triyvin your own home 30 days free no matter where

l _e. Show your friends. So it at our ex-

pense it you do not want to keep it. undreds of thou-

sand. to daily use. Perfect bakers eflicienthewtem, made

of high grade material, beautifully finished smooth de-

. ., . Sign. marantoedfor years by

our Two Million Dollar Bond.

, Ask your dealers to show

you let Stoves. Write

' . .or our big free book show-

y mg photographs describing

large assortment of sizes

an designs to select from.

. explaining our free trial.

. d postal toda . Write

* our name an address

. plainly. No obligations.





*‘;:1Hoomsm co.





 

 





16"” post -.

lwxlsendyouacopyof'oo‘ _:





my his new, 1916 En

id. It sho ~

alarm-Aim no -





FreeandPoa .

more than-h "

styles whichmybighctoryis turn-



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a





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   





 

 

 





 





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24‘"; i 5 ‘ your new rig. '

7‘\$; ‘1‘ run cllho gonad-Imago. ‘ 131 State 81.. Marion. Ind.

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1





Baking that is appetizing

and digestible





Good baking is largely a mat-

ter of care. Care in selecting

your ingredients, care in putting

them together, and great care in

the selection of the leavcner.

The last is very important. Select

Rumlortl Baking Powder and you

have a leavcner that raises the

dough evenly, insures a tender,

cvcn texture, and makes the bak-

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llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllflllllfilfiflfllfilfl





Let us convince you—send for a trial can.





umfor





THE WHOLESOME





a... BAKING '

as... ______ POWDER





DOES NOT CONTAIN ALUM





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





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I enclose

in stamps 4c.





for sample can.
438 -22





 





 





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T H E' ‘-"M 1 C Hi (3





 





AN FARM‘E’R' a





 





‘ .





yM‘AR’CH 25', 1916'.





 





gmllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllhlllllllllllilllllllllllllllIll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllflllillllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllillllillllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllll



E E

gFarm Commerce.

g s

l‘illllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllll|l||||ll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllmlllllll|llllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIlIllllllllllll||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl





Cultivating the Grocerman





HE fact that themiddleman has



been so successful in the con-



duct of his business seems to

prove that he is filling a public want.

The difficulty of the producer and the

consumer dealing with each other

through the medium of the parcel post

is evidence of the fact that the general

public approve of the methods of their

local dealers, or at least are too busy

to make business dealings with the

farmers and prefer to pay the local

grocerman for his service in filling

their daily needs. It is popular to ac-

cuse the middleman of boosting the

price of living, of paying the farmer

too little money and charging the con-

sumer too much. An inspection of the

stock in your local grocery will con-

vince you that the farmers of this

state are never going to close up the

grocery stores through the aid of the

parcel post, municipal market, or any

other agency. The grocerman carries

tea from Japan, canned fish from Scot-

land, coffee from Brazil, and a thou-

sand and one other articles which the

farmers of this state do not produce

and the buyers demand.



When you watch Johnson stop at

the village store on the way home at

night he may emerge with half a doz-

en packages and at least half of them

will contain articles which you do not

produce on your farm and your grand-

father seldom thought of buying. The

list will include bananas, oranges, tea,

salmon, sugar, grapefruit, etc. These

articles which were once luxuries are

now considered necessities on the ta-

ble of a man who does not earn more

than two or three dollars per day. It

is certain that the grocerman is a mid-

dleman that has come to stay for he

is filling a public need. The best of

mail order houses will never prove as

handy as the corner grocery store.



It seems that the largest manufac-

turing institutions of high—class food

products are willing to use the grocer-

man as their agent. Outside of the

mail order houses nearly all of the

standard advertised products are de-

livered to the public through the agen-

cy of the local dealer. These institu-

tions are highly organized and man-

aged according to the most modern of

business principles. They recognize

that the local dealer is their best and

cheapest road to the home of the ulti-

mate consumer.



Farming is a business. There is

nothing new about that definition, ab-

solutely nothing original in the state-

ment. However, many advocates of

business farming fight the middleman

on paper while in reality they see no

way to market the bulk of the farm

products except through the regular

channels of trade which have been

gradually evolved through the necessi-

ty of an economical distribution of

food products. Farmers’ elevators are

winners in many sections because to a

certain extent the farmer actsas his

own middleman. They‘can handle the

grain crops to the best of advantage.

However, farming does not stop with

that and we have millions of dollars’

worth of other products such as garden

truck, poultry, small fruits, etc., which

must be marketed.



The Department of Agriculture is

fighting to organize various clubs for

the marketing of farm products and in

many sections they are successful.

However, the majority of us live in a

section where general farming is the

order of the day. We cannot belong

to a berry club, creamery association,

egg club, broiler club, and half a doz-

en other organizations because the



‘ science of such marketing has not been

far enough developed to insure the

success of so many ventures. In the





future co-operative selling of farm pro-

ducts will probably be no experiment

and we will all enjoy its benefits. At

present the local dealer is performing

that service for the majority of us and

we will have to make the best of the

situation. Under these circumstances

why not own up to our misfortune and

cultivate the local dealer to a larger

extent as individuals. Possibly our ef-

forts will some day work into an effi-

cient means of community co-opera-

tion.

Quality Counts in Marketing.



The dealer is not all to blame for

present conditions. Food products of-

ten come from the farm in poor condi-

tion, packages are carelessly thrown





together, vegetables are often dirty





and carelessly tied. Such messes are

a great speculation and the grocerman

stays on the safe side of the fence and

the farmer pays for the risk. The gro-

cerman has heavy bills to pay in order

to furnish his customers with the ser-

vice which their manner of living ap-

pears to demand. The delivery system

is one factor and credit is another. The

farmer expects cash for the products

he brings to the grocerman and he

gets it. The grocerman may expect

cash from his buyers but he has learn-

ed not to demand it for fear of losing

a good customer. Credit means risk

and again the farmer has to pay the

bill. All of these things are expected

of the middleman and that is the big-





sumers. ,It is good pop corn and the

dealer is proud to send it out as he

knows it will prove satisfactory. An

egg farm is sending out fresh eggs in

neat cartons stamped with their brand

and address. , The grocerman is pay-

ing extra for these eggs because they

are worth more to his consumers. A

fruit farmer ships first-class peaches

every year and in spite of glutted mar-

kets his grocerman friend knows

where he can obtain a few hundred

peaches of quality for his consumers.

The green onion season comes on in

the spring. Mr. Grocerman has been

buying fine onions of a farmer near

town. They are clean, fresh and neat-

ly tied and look fine in his store. He

is a friend of the producer and the pro-

ducer benefits from his friendship.

There are many instances of this

kind of co-operation between the pro-

ducer and the consumer. The busy

farmer cannot profitably become a

huckster. The minutes are too valu-

able -to spend them in knocking on

doors only to learn that the order has

already gone to the local store. The

municipal market is fine but not every

town has ,a municipal market as yet





—





and even in sections where they are

established, it is still geod business to

appear at the market and cultivate the

grocery store trade with quality pro-

ducts at the same time. The best buy-

ers in the avfirage city do not take the

time to visit the municipal market to

the extent that they should. In many

families the market basket is out of.

date and a terrible financial jar would

be necessary to bring the said basket

down from the attic. The middleman

is here to stay as long, as the public

demand his service. When selling the

ordinary run of goods, meeting with

competition everywhere, there will

probably be little profit in co-operating

with the grocerman, but where quality

goods can be marketed the proposition

is different. First-class products please

the grOCerman because they satisfy his

best patrons and that being the case

he cannot afford to lose the friendship

of the producer. It is still true ‘that

the middleman receives the largest

share of the consumer’s dollar, but as

long as the middleman is with us, it

may prove profitable to cultivate him a.

little more efficiently.





lngham Co. R. G. KIRBY.





n‘llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllillllllEllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllllIlllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|l||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Marketing the Honey Crop





NE of the most interesting sub—

0 jects discussed at the annual

convention of the National Bee-

keepers’ Association held in Chicago

in February, was that of the shipment

of the product of the apiary. Many

different phases, from the mailing of a

small sample case to the sending of

carload lots were handled, different

experiences serving to throw consider-

able light on the subject.

E. D. Townsend, of Gratiot county,

Michigan, gave some interesting parcel





 





 





The Dairyman who Retails Milk Finds that the Public Holds a Higher Opin-

Ion of the_Produce Delivered if the Milk Wagon is in Good Repair, Clean,

Neatly Painted and Drawn by a Well-Groomed Horse.





 





gest fault of our entire system of mar-

keting farm products. The honest men

pay the bill for the “dead beat” buyers

and the lazy buyers who depend on

the delivery system when it is unnec-

essary.



After considering the middleman

problem from every angle it is appar-

ent that we are not ready- as yet to

drift away from that system and as

farmers we cannot do it because the

public must have what they pay for

and should be willing to pay the bill.

The question arises, “Why not culti-

vate the grocery store with quality

products, become the friend of. the

grocerman by giving him the goods

that his customers demand?” ln that

way he will become your agent in the

same manner as he is now the agent of

the large manufacturers of food pro-

ducts. By increasing friendship with

him you will be assured of a square

deal and his profit will not be any

more than it would cost you to reach

his trade with the same goods.



There are many quality products

on the market today which are hand-

led in this manner and their producers

are making money. A certain brand of

pop corn put up by‘a farmer in small

packages is being sold through the 10-

cal dealers to a vast number of con-





post facts, and Fred Snook, an inspec—

tor of the freight department of the

Erie Railway Company, furnished a.

deal of information concerning small

and wholesale shipments.



Mr. Townsend does not recommend

the shipment of honey outside of the

first or second zone by parcel post, be-

cause the present rate for greater dis-

tances would render the expense pro-

hibitive. Freight or express should be

used for longer hauls. A thirty-pound

can was recommended for family use.



A considerable effort has been made

along the line of obtaining names and

addresses of would-be mail buyers of

honey. A card-index system by which

names are kept for three years was

outlined. Advertisements were recom-

mended, the answers carefully filed,

and a detailed circular sent to each

writer. A customer once obtained

should be so treated that renewal or—

ders would follow. It has been found

that mail order orders during the first

year are light but gradually increase

thereafter. The card system may be

started at a cost of about $1.



From all information obtained up to

the present time no success has been

reported in mailing comb honey, and

safety from.spilling the extracted pro-

duct in the mails hasbeen accomplish-





 





ed by making use of tight-capped tin

containers in cartons of at least two

parts.



Some of the shippers said they had

had trouble in making use of friction-

top cans. At least two of them strong-





ly advised the sealing of the top clear,





around, some said they had had no

trouble by soldering in two or three

places.



Mr. ’Snook spoke of the importance

of shippers closely examining‘a car to

ascertain whether it was in proper

condition to receive a cargo of honey,

it should be clean, free from offensive

smell and with a wet-proof roof. Ship-

pers were urged to ship in large as

against small packages, to use roads

on long hauls that have through runs

on schedule time, as against any short

road system with its consequent trans-

fers. Shippers were advised in all cas-

es to keep their freight expense bills,

for this is the paper instrument on

which claims for delay, damage, or

loss are the most expeditiously set~

tled. He advised the shipping of filled

sections in wood cases as against the

fiber-board because of the liability of

the latter to be cut and honey pilfered

enroute. J. L. GRAFF.





SELLING CRACKED CHERRIES.





 





Better than three hundred crates of

cracked Windsor cherries were sold to

advantage last July. It happened this

way. A prolonged rain storm was fol-

lowed by a day of blistering sunshine.

As a result many of the Windsor cher-

ries, which were then in their prime,

swelled and cracked open. This was

Sunday. Monday morning the ques-

tion was, what to do with the fruit—

leave it on the trees to rot, harvest it,

for the hogs, or try to market it?



The problem was laid before the

manager of the co-operative marketing

association in the fruit capital of the

cherry section of Northwestern Mich-

igan. He made a trip of inspection

along the business streets, stopping at

the fruit stores and groceries to note

the quality of the cherries offered for

sale, and the prices. An advertise-

ment was then placed in the local

daily. This ad said that cracked Wind-

sor cherries would be sold at one dol-

lar the crate, that these cherries came

from the same trees as the fruit that

was being shipped at two dollars a.

crate, that it had the delightful flavor

ascribed to the cherries of this region,

and that while the fruit was not suited

for shipment it was entirely satisfac-

tory for immediate use and for can-

ning. -



Within half an hour from the time

the paper appeared on the street the

consumers began to arrive at the Fruit

exchange Office. The trial load brought





 

   





 





 





.01
a I .





«MARCH 25,1916.





James Oliver No. 11 Sulky





The farmer who owns a James

Oliver No. 11 sulky is prepared

to do good plowing whether the

ground is hard and dry or in

good condition. He plows an





even depth in uneven ground and

turns in or out with the bottom





cutting full depth.



This sulky has few parts, giv-

ing low cost for repairs.



The Oliver combined rolling

coulter and jointer, the most

successful weed covering device,

can be used on the No. 11 sulky.



If you are not familiar with

the features of the No. 11 sulky

and the combined roiling Ii

coulter and jointer, ask your

dealer to show them to you.



If he cannot, write us di-





‘





Oliver Chilled PloanrKs'

‘ While“

South Bend. Ind.





 





 





NOTICE ‘

Our 1916 Booklet





America’s Best Engine.





18 OUT





 





 





A Postal card request will bring

one to you,





FIELD - BRUNDAGE

COMPANY





JACKSON - MICH. .





WANTED-HonestEnergeiinMen





inevery county. tosellour big line of goods. direct to

farmers. EXPERIENCE NOT NECESSARY. We

may instruct you. Farmers. laborers. mechanics. or any

man willing to work can make



$1.000 to $3000 a You»

handlln our bi sellers; Exam territory given. We-

i‘urnish Ii'ou thegcapnal. You furnish the team to curry

the goods. Be your own: boss ins. pleasant. permanent:

andprofltable moneys. Write at once to: full particu-

like. giving age and occupation.

THE DUOFORM COMPANY,





Nmtlh Java; KW.





 





 





 





 





 





   





   

   





 





V" p. _ /

“SHE $4 ' 5“

he him

his extra.“ no min was. your cadet.

{onus-Random. Seed Co. Woeso. Michigan





I





 





.potatoes $1.25; butter-fat

. 19c; cattle $5697.25: hogs $5.50@7.50.‘





‘-





in from the orchards was soon sold

and the growers who had reported in





the morning that their crop Was ruined

.were informed by telephone that their





‘cracked Windsors would bring a dol-





' lar a crate, and to bring them in as





fast as they could.



Business started at five o’clock on

Tuesday morning, the first customer

arriving at that hour and taking two

cases away with him. A number of

men on their way to work came, bought

crates, and had them set. aside till they

went home at night. The news that

Windsor cherries could be had for one

dollar a crate, seemed to spread and

the customers came faster and faster.

f They came in autos, in carriages, on

drays, they came with bicycles, baby

carriages, go-carts, express wagons,

and even wheelbarrows. Some carried

their crates home on their backs and

one fellow had a switch engine on a

near-by track carry away his purchase.



The rule was spot. cash and first

come, first served. The pickers in the

orchards were unable to keep up with

the demand and the pile of one dollar

bills, with a slip of paper bearing a

name pinned to each, kept getting

higher and higher until toward-s the

end of the week when the demand

seemed to be satisfied and the supply

of cracked cherries ran out.



The final footings showed that the

growers had received many dollars for

fruit that Monday morning they had

looked upon as only fit for hog feed.

Advertising turned the trick.



Gd. Traverse Co. R. H. Enswon'rn.





lllllllill|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillilli|HIiMIHIlillilliiiiiillimlhliii1iiHHi!i131;iil53iilliiiilililllililllllill

Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan.



Emmet 00., March 13.—Enough snow

for sleighing, and fields are well pro-

tected. Wheat, rye and meadows in

good condition. Feed rather short, not

much for sale. Considerable logs and

wood being marketed. Butter 28c;

eggs 25c; potatoes 75c; beans $3@3.50.



Gladwin Co., March 13.—Not much

snow here this Winter. Farmers are

busy gettirfg up wood. There has been

a large amount of live stock sold dur-

ing the fall and winter. Cows selling

high, from $-65@100‘; some hay being

sold at $11.50@13: butter-fat 340; eggs

15C; potatoes 85c; chickens 13c; hogs

$8.50; beans $3.55.





last fall, has commenced operation and

doing a. good business. A large num~

ber of farm buildings will be erected

the coming summer.



Mecosta 00., March 13.——March has

been very rough, with much more

snow than usual, which is, however, a

good protection for fall seeding. Not

many hogs and cattle being marketed

now. No feed whatever shipped out.

About 40. per cent of potato crop in

.fiarmers’ hands, the price now being

85c; rye 826; corn 45c; butter-tat 28c;

butter 22c; eggs 180.



St. Clair 00., March 14.—- The weath-r

or has been rather cold, but fail grains

have not been injured, as they have

been protected with a light snow. Live





of roughage, but corn is scarce.

a lot of wheat in the farmers’ hands.

There have been quite a number of

auction sales. Hens laying fairly well.

Wheat $1.05; oats 43c; beans $3.40;

32c;





Van Buren Co.,, March 14.—There is

no snow, and wheat and rye are not.

in very good condition. Young seed-—

ing looking good. Condition of live

stock is fair. Not much feed for sale.

A great deal of corn is in bad shape

in cribs, and, good seed corn will be in





good corn 750; oats 40c; beans $3@

3.75; potatoes. 80c; hogs $8.50@9; cat-

tle $7; dairy butter 250; eggs 17c.

Wash-.tenaw 00., March 13.—'l=‘he-re is

no snow, but wheat and clover do not

seem to be damaged thus far. Live

stock has come through the Winter In

good condition. Aside from a scarcity

*to last through the season. Ray is

1$1.25 for 3% per cent' butter 30@3.4c;

eggs-18c; Wheat $1; potatoes $1; beans

$3.49.; cattle $6.50@7; hogs $8@9.

Eaton Co., March 15.—N~o snow to





rough. Wheat and rye prospects not

very good. Meadows flair. Live stock





is plentiful. A considerable amount of





' dive stock being marketed. Cattle $5





!@7‘;- sheep $3@5.,5o;~ hogs, live $8.75;





(Continued on page 440).





 





The Beavertonf

Co—operative Produce Co., incorporated ‘





~‘ THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





eggs:





good demand this spring. Wheat $1; 5





of corn, fiarmers have plenty of feeds . =





mostly marketed at $12@13 baled. Milk T .





speak of and the roads are somewhat ,





seems to have wintered well and feed '





Icalvee $8.10: whom: $1; oats 37c; corn 1

2709; rye 80c; beans $3.10: potatoee‘





 





 





 





 





ON





HIGHEST





 





WEN TY Titan engines of all sizes, all kero-

sene burners, were lined up in front of the

I H C dealer’s store at Litchfield, Minn., one day last





summer.





to supply good, reliable power. on twenty farms.

itchfield saw twenty more farmers take Titan engines out





later

to their farms.





That day their new owners took them out





A few months





Two big I H C engine delivery days in that town last year. In

many hundreds of towns you will find this same popularity of





I H C Mogul and Titan engines





—the best farm power — Grand





Prize winners at San Francisco. .

You must have an engine—then buy an International Harvester

en ine——Mogul or Titan. It will keep down your fuel and repair

bil s, deliver the most power with least trouble, and save you

more hard work than you can realize now.

International Harvester engines are made in all approved styles,

sizes from 1 to 50-ho’rse power, operating on low as well as high-





grade fuels. Some loca dealer

engines. It you don’t know h





near you handles Mogul or Titan

im, drop us a line. We’ll send





on full information, and make it easy for you to get the best





arm engine made.





International Harvester Company of America





(incorporated)





CHICAGO





 





 





Save 20% 32533:

Riverside rue





Guaranteed





.f/





New York Chicago





 





Mg,

. “GK—f

‘ "/ Showing Riverside construc- ‘





V. — toughest fabric. with pure

{I ' Upper River Para Rubber. extra thick

,1 head. Book shows similar saving on al

automobile accessories. Sent freeon re-





quest Write my

71sz





Write to the house most convenient to you





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





\





GET our 1916 prlces

" : before you buy tires.

/ We save you one dollar out of



every five. of others prices. And

we uncondilzbnally guarantee the

mileage. Fam ous racers have broken

all records on Riverside Tires.





/ SEND FOR AUTO BOOK





21"., ' x-v’r'..g





/





   





   





flop—wrapped tread—one cure





D pt.

oi 10





Kan-”City Ft. Worth Pordlnd





 





 





 





HAND P





Land clearing Il'l

cannons-manic!»

‘big stumps pul-

led’ ole-n wick

this wonderful

machine.





 





QSiump Puller





Wgrks-on any land. Operated by hand! No horses;

no digging. Made of forged Krupp steel—guaranteed.

Adopted-Induced byU.S.Government ofiicials and manysutex.





OW E R. 'Drop a postal to\

'w. J. FITZPATRICK

Box 4 [32 Fifth Screen





San Francisco.Calif. /





 





 





SandforPREBilhntrlted book on Land Clearingand specialofier.





stock wintered well and there is plenty ‘ " “ \

Quito





 





 





DOUBLE RED TIRES





Are splendid serviceable shoes. Com-

bined by our special process with the head

of another. stout. well-made tire, giving

you a trend of unusual strength and resist

ance. Wears spendidly on roughest,

hardest roads, gives big mileage at 25%

of the cost of new tires.



Big introductory offer during March.

Semi for booklet and prices. We are the

original ”Double Tread Tire Company.”

and have been selling direct to farmers

since 1914.





Size Plain Non-Skid 9 Ply Gray nod





 





Tubes 'liube



30x3.....$5.00....$5.50 ..... $1.85....32.05



‘ ’ . 6.00.... 2.00”... 2'. 0.... 2.45



7.00.... 8.00 ..... 2.30.... 2.55



. 9.00....10.00..... 3.15.... 3.50



Also all sizes up to 38'x5%. State



whether clinchen. "0.1)." or straight skin.

Address Dept. M..li‘.



The Double Trefl Tue Co.,hc.





130‘ West 52118:... New York City.





 

 

 

 





 





Your! . FF g [I D-LI LOTI-

Got the HST“ SA 10m or ad.

WE Y 03’]: ' " ‘ GILT





cl OVE CW W" “m-



Buy before ad—

yahoo and save money. Get our special low prices an

free samples of our pure,lowe Grown,New Crop Recleaped

Tooled Glover and Tlmothy Seed Also Alfalfa Alstke,





Sweet Clover. All kinds grass seed. loo-page catalog free.

quotin all field seeds. Save money by writing at once.

A. A.





RRY SEED 00. CLARIIM, IOWA





HELD





et wentherdamaaed nearly all seeds.



Most. are fullof blasted grains and weeds.



_ Buckhorn.Thietle.and k. Ours are not



' and are far the cheapest. to sow. Soarcit of

good seed makes early buying advisable.

plenandlnltrnotim“llowto Km uoodrsood” Iron





30‘ 131





 

 

 





‘ Willa-Mu. OJLSEOM & SONS 00.. 3f, ”valflofiq





 





, - WHITE SWEET CLOVER





Bbociall 3' treated for (mick germimflnn.

“30' FANCY MEDIUM! MNWGTH

AESI’KE KNIT ALFALFA CLOVERS’.

TIMOTHY SEED, WINTER VITCK.‘

etc. Mikf'nr Samples and snrcinl “Magi-I





 





' m.nmmmsennco.,owos .M .





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sw E E 1' gas. segments? as

CLOVER as.rz.r:...s.aa:a....,K...





. SEED CORN

Mich. Yellow Dent. 1914 crop. Order (mick. Supply





limited, $3.25 bu. shelled. Early Snow Seed Potatoes.

Pleasant Point. Farm, Hillsdale, Mich.





5°“ c" Limited 511 ly of Mich. Yel-



m low Dent. ome grown. fire

Medina- tented. Pricemoo per bu. Shelled. Sample

on request. 13.5. ate: Mam In. Mitch. .





Fad Bani We Plank gears. 3&‘3361‘3‘33





thousand. Farmer’s Plant 60., Martins Point. 5. C.
4404-24





«EIuummmumummlmlmmummfimnmmuuunmunnlunmimnmmmmnmmlulunug,_'erything offered. Price for the. week,





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Markets. 5





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GRAINS AND S EEDS.





March 21, 1916.



Wheat—Values were sustained last

week and on Monday a substantial gain

was made on the Detroit Board of

Trade. Rumors of peaceand of~the

probable opening of the Dardanelles

appeared influential in preventing ~ad-

vances in this grain last week, notwith-

standing an apparent lack of any foun-

dation for the reports. 'Although ex-

ports are large, Liverpool shows a

firmer tone. Crop damage appears

uite general in this country, and the

ate spring will cut deep into acreage

of spring wheat, which, with a short

winter wheat acreage in this country

and also in Russia should give the

trade genuine support. One year ago

No. 2 red wheat was quoted at $1.53 on

the local market. Prices at Detroit

last week were:





:2

Eu





No. 2 No. 1



Red." White. May.

Wednesday ..... 1.13 1.08 1.141%;

Thursday ...... 1.14 1.09 ‘ 115%

Friday .... . . . ..1.12 1.07 113%

Saturday ....... 1.101/2 1.051/2 1.11%,

Monday ......... 1.1314 1.0814 1.1414,

Tuesday . . . . .1.131/_) 1.081/2 1.141/2





Chicago.——May wheat $108773; July,

$10794; Sept. $1.061,é.



Corn—Corn values have advanced

with those of wheat following a slight

improvement in railroad transporta-

tion. The trade is active. An increase

of 1,289,000 bushels is shown in the

visible supply. One year ago No. 3

corn was quoted at 731/20. Detroit’s

prices last week were:





No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday ......... 72 74 1,§

Thursday ........... 72 7 4 1,4

Friday .............. 72 74 1/g

Saturday ............ 711/2 74

Monday ............. 72 741/2

Tuesday ............ 7 2 7 4 1/2





Chicago—May corn 751/120 per bu;

July 761/2c.



Oats—Improved demand from east~

ern markets and the continued dry

weather in the southwest were bullish

factors in the oat trade and helped to

advance prices. The visible supply

shows a slight decrease. Standard

oats a year ago were quoted at 610 per





bushel. Detroit’s last week’s prices

Were:

No.3

Standard. White.

Wednesday .......... 47 46

Thursday ........ 471/2 46%

Friday .............. 48 47

Saturday ............ 47 46

Monday ............. 48 47

Tuesday ............ 48 47





Chicago.—May oats 44%c per bu;

July 431/40. _



Rye—Market slow, with cash No. 2

10 higher, or 93c per bushel.



Barley.—Malting grades steady at

Milwaukee at 69@76c, and 61@75c at

Chicago.



Peas.—Prices unchanged at $2.40@

2.50 per bushel, sacks included, at Chi-

ca 0.



gBeans.—An active demand and small

offerings boosted prices here 150 last

week. Cash beans $3.65; April, $3.70.

At Chicago trade is firm and supplies

small. Pea beans, hand-picked, best

$3.80@3.90; do. prime, choice, common

to good $3.60@3.65; red kidneys $4.75

@5.25.





Clover Seed.——Prime spot red clover

$11.75; prime alsike $9.50. At Toledo

prime $11.60; prime alsike $9.40.



Timothy Seed—Steady at $3.50 per

busheL





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





 





rFlour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $6.50; seconds, $6; straight

$5.70; spring patent $6.70; rye flour $6.



Feed—«1n 100-11). sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $24; standard middlings

$25; fine middlings $30; cracked corn

$31.50; corn and oat chop $28 per ton.



Hay.—No. 1 timothy $18@18.50;

standard timothy $17@17.50; light

mixed $17@17.50; No. 2 timothy $15

@1550; No. 1 mixed $14@15; No. 1

clqyer $12@13.



Chicago.—Choice timothy $18@

$18.50; No. 1 do $15@16; N0. 2 $13

@14. ,

Straw—Wheat and oat straw $6.50

@7; rye $7.50@8 per ton.





DAIRY AND. POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Button—A scarcity and brisk de-

mand have. brought higher prices for all

grades. Extra creamery 36c; ,flrsts

350; dairy 24c; packing stock 200.



Elgin.—-Scarcity of fancy goods still

continues. The demand cleans up ev-





based on sales, is 360, which is 1 cent

higher than last week. .



Chicago—Market is firm at higher

prices. Fancy goods are especially

scarce. ‘High prices have curtailed the

consumption some. Extra creamery

360; extra firsts 35@351/§c; firsts 33@

3494c; extra dairies 34c; packing stock

221,50 per pound.



Eggs—The demand is good for the

fresh stock and prices have advanced

7,8 c.tr last week’s quotations. Cur-

rent receipts are quoted at 191/ac; can-

dled firsts 20c.



Chicago.—Consumptive demand is

good and supplies are large but prices

have gone up about a half cent. The





(feeling is firm. Firsts 19@191/,,c; ordi-





nary flrsts 18@181/.,c; miscellaneous

lots, cases included 18@19c.

Poultry.--The'supply does not equal

the-demand and market continues firm

at an advance of about lc for springs

and hens. Turkeys 16@17c; spring

turkeys 21@220; fowls 14@191,éc, ac-

cording to quality; spring chickens 18'





. @190; ducks 19@20c; geese 17@18c.





Chicago.—Moderate receipts and a

good demand keep the market firm.

Fowls are slightly higher, other kinds

unchanged. Turkeys 12@210, depend-

ing on the quality; fowls 161/_)@17c;

springs 15@171/zc; ducks 18c; geese

10@13c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





Apples—Apples easy at unchanged

prices. Greenings $2.50@3.50; Spys

$3.50@4; Baldwins $3@3.50; SteelRed

$4@4.50. At Chicago choice fruit is

steady and is higher. Poor quality of-

ferings are sold to peddlers. No. 1

Greenings are quoted at $2.50@3.25 per

bbl; Jonathans, No. 1 $3.50@4; Bald-

wins $3@3.25; Spys $3.50@4.50.



Potatoes—Market is easy with a

plentiful supply on hand. Prices are

unchanged. Carlots on track, white

$1.05@1.08; red 950@$1 per bushel.

At Chicago market is easy at unchang-

ed prices. Supply is plentiful and de-

mand lacked vim. Michigan whites 90

@950 per bushel; other kinds 85@960.





WOOL AND HIDES.





WOOL—Interest is shifting to the

west where a larger number of con-

tracts are being made at producers’

prices. The situation continues firm,

and the outlook is hopeful since manu-

facturers are working their mills at

full capacity and new orders are forth-

coming. About half the sales at Bos-

ton last week was of foreign grades.

Michigan unwashed delaines were

quoted there at 31@32c; do. combing

32@37c; do. clothing 26@310.



Hides—No. 1 cured 17c; do. green

150; No. 1 cured bulls 13c; do. green

100; No. 1 cured calf 250; do. green

24c; No. 1 horsehides $4.50; No. 2

$3.501; No. 2 hides 10 lower than the

No. .





 





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Maple syrup is higher this season,

ranging from $1.50@2 per gallon. The

high price of other sugars and the ad-

vancing price of tin, together with the

steady inroads on thesap bush, ac-

count for the higher market. Wheat

is a cent lower at the mills, with No.

2 red quoted at $1.01 and No. 1 white

at 960. Oats are 43@45c; corn 75c;

rye 75c; buckwheat 70c; white pea

beans $3.10. Fresh eggs are worth

18@19c.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





Volume of business was limited on

Tuesday morning with apples in fair

supply and the bulk going between 80c

((1.'$1.30 per bushel; parsnips 65@7OC;

carrots $1.15; inferior potatoes 75@

85c; lettuce 65@75c; cabbage 70@85c;

eggs 25c; loose hay moving slowly at

$18@22 per ton.





LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Buffalo.

March 20, 1916.

(Special Report of Dunning and Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts here today: Cattle 160 cars;

hogs 100 d. d.; sheep and lambs 50 d.

d.; calves 1400 head.



With 160 cars of cattle on the mar-

ket here today, including 35 to 40 loads

of shipping cattle, the general market

was about 10@150 lower, and in some

cases the medium cattle showed as

much as 25c lower. There was a new

top reached today for a prime load of

Ohio heavy cattle at. $9.65. The bulk

of the butcher steers, cows and heif-

ers sold mainly 10@15c lower. The

bull trade was steady. They only had

16,000 cattle in Chicago today, but the

trade was slow with a decline of 10@

150. We look for a fair run of cattle

here next week and a steady market.



We had a fairly liberal supply of

hogs here today, about 100 double





i.





Urn-ii E MIC H 81. G AN ran M ER , -~





 

 





 





decks, and the'vquality very poor; a

big supply of pigs and light sum and

this class was hit hard from the close

of last week; the bulk of the best pigs

selling around $8.75, and light ones

from 100 lbs. under almost unsalable:

Best grades of hogs sold at $9.90gen-

erally, with a few selected loads of

weighty kinds up to $10. Roughs gen-

erally $9; stags $6.50@7.50. About ev-

erything sold at the close and we do

not look for much'if any change in the

next few days.



Market was active on choice sheep

and lambs, but slow on medium and

coarse, with prices steady with the

close of last week. About all sold and

We look for steady to shade lower

prices last of the week.



We quote: Lambs $11.85@12; cull

to fair $8@11.75; yearlings $8.50@

10.50; bucks $4.50@7.25; handy ewes

$8.25@8.50; heavy ewes $8@8.25;

wethers $8.75@9.40; cull sheep $4.50@

7; veals, good to choice $11.25@11.50;

common to fair $8@11; heavy $6@9.





 





Chicago.

March 20, 1916.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..17,000 53,000 14,000

Same day 1915..15,557 30,941 14,596

Last week ...... 41,731 176,528 62,182

Same wk 1915...32,227 142,795 57,462



Hogs open largely 5c lower this week

with extreme sales at $9.05@9.70.

Hogs received last week averaged 215

lbs. Shipments of hogs from here last

week amount to 32,745 head, compar-

ing with 41,755 a week earlier. Steers

open very slow and weak to a little

lower today, but butcher stock is ac-

tive and firm. Sheep and lambs of the

best class are firmer.



Cattle prices started off last week

generally 10@15c higher, with a Mon-

day run of only 14,398 head, but weak-

ness was developed on subsequent

days, with less urgent demands from

different classes of buyers, and the

greater part suffered a moderate de~

cline, Monday’s improvement disap-

pearing. The week’s receipts were not

what could be called large, however,

and high prices were maintained for

the best class of steers, which sold at

$9.50@9.95, the top price making a

fresh high record. There were not a

great many sales of steers below $8,

and the greater part of the steers sold

at $8.40@9.40, with cattle classed as

really good purchased at $9@9.45 and

the usual scarcity of choice little year-

ling steers. A medium to good class





of steers brought $8.60@8.95, while a





fair to middling class of steers, mostly

light in weight, sold for $8.10@8.55,

with thin steers of light weight taken

at $7@8 to a limited extent. Butcher-

ing cattle were good sellers as a rule,

with cows taken at $5.25@8.35 and

heifers at $5.25@9.35, although there

was a rather slim representation of

choice yearling heifers good enough to

go over $8.50. Cutters sold freely at

$4.60@5.20 and canners at $3.50@4.55,

while there was a good outlet for bulls

at $5.25@8 for common canners to

prime heavy lots. Calves sold during

the week at an extreme range of $4.50

@1125 for coarse heavy to prime light

vealers, eastern shippers taking the

choice of the heavy shipping lots.

There was only fairly good trading in

stockers and feeders, these selling on

a basis of $6@8.25 for the common to

prime offerings, and prime stockers

that averaged 508 lbs. sold up to $8.25.

The fast ascending prices for beef

steers have caused killers to purchase

quite a number of thin-fleshed steers

carrying very little meat on their

bones, depriving buyers of feeders of

such stock. At the week’s close cattle

averaged 15@250 lower than a week

ago, the best excepted.





Hogs were marketed freely during

most of the past week, the previous

boom in prices that landed the prime

swine at $10.10 per 100 lbs. starting

large numbers manketward. The pack-

ers naturally took advantage of the

opportunity and caused several de—

clines in prices that placed the mar-

ket on a much lower level, although

the sentiment of the trade was that

ultimately prices will react and go

higher than ever. One weakening fac-

tor was the. accumulation of large

numbers of hogs through owners re-

fusing to accept the bids and carrying

over to the next day, packers discrim-

inating against such holdings. Recent

receipts averaged in weight 211 lbs.,

comparing with 203 lbs. a month ear—

lier, 191 lbs. two months ago and 232

lbs. one and two years ago. Receipts

averaged well in quality, and stock-

men made handsome profits, despite

the fall in recent prices. At the week’s

close hogs sold at $9.05@9.75, compar-





ing with $9.40@10 a week ago, while $8





pigs brought $7@8.85. The best heavy

sold higheest, with best light shipping

hogs 100 below top.



Lambs, yearlings, wethers and ewes

suffered reactions at times last week,

prices ruling higher and then lower,

but at all times values were far higher

than in former years at this season.

Colorado and~western lambs, western





.g-w- r , insist-125.1916:





,yearlings and western ewesicomprised





most or the receipts, with native lambs

and sheep very scarce. A city butcher

gave $8760 for some prime 90-lb. Col-

orado-Mexican ewes and established a

new high mark for the season. At the

week’s close lambs brought $8.50@

11.40, with heavy native lambs at $9.50

@1050 and feeding lambs at $10@

10.90. Yearlings brought $9@10.40;

wethers $7.50@9.25; ewes $5@8.60 and

bucks $6.50@7.50. A bunch of 87 fancy

Wisconsin wethers that averaged 144

lbs. sold for $9.25, or within a nickel

of the highest price on record.



Horses were in smaller supply and

in moderate demand last week at no

particular changes in prices, the prin-

cipal business being in army horses.

Little southern horses brought $45@

65, and ordinary to fair farm workers

sold at $60@100, while drivers were

quoted at $100@200. A good class of

chunks weighing from 1300 to 1400 lbs.

brought $165@185, and better ones

sold up to $200. Drafters were worth

from $225@300 for good to prime of-

ferings.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





(Continued from page 439).





900; hay $10@12; butter-fat 350; but-

ter, dairy 18@25c; eggs 160.





Wisconsin.



Jackson 00., March 13.-—-Weather

has been severe, but is now mild and

snow is about gone. Too early to

judge of winter grains and meadows.

Live stock thin, with all kinds of feed

almost used up, though farmers had

more than usual on hand last fall.

There is some complaint of the qual-

ity of the hay. Butter-fat 35c; oats

500; eggs 28c; potatoes 60@80c.





Illinois.



Marion 00., March 13.——We have not

had enough snow this winter to afford

protection for wheat and meadows,

which are very poor. Roads have been

very bad but are now settling. Live

stock in fair condition. Wheat $1;

potatoes $1.05; butter-fat 34c; eggs 16

@17c; cattle $4@6; hogs $8. -



. Ohio.



Fairfield 00., March 14.—No snow,

and wheat appears to be in bad shape.

Cattle and hogs in good condition for

this time of year, and farmers gener-

ally have enough feed for own use,

but. not. much to sell. Roads are in

bad condition, some being impassible

for heavy hauling after the three days’

rain of last week. Wheat $1.08; corn

70c; potatoes $1; cattle $5@5.75: hogs

$9: butter 300; eggs 20c; milk 15c per

gallon.



Brown" 00., March 14.——There is now

about. two inches of snow and the

roads are frozen solid. Wheat and rye

not looking well owing to the lack of

snow for protection. There are a good

many hogs going on the market on ac-

count of present high prices. Cattle

$6; heavyhogs $8.50: lambs $8@10;

wheat $1.05; corn 75c; timothy hay

$18; butter-fat 350; eggs 20c.





Indiana. .



Noble 00., March 15.—There have

been light snowfalls and the roads are

good for the time of year. Wheat is

not looking as good as we would like,

some late sowings being~ badly damag-

ed; clover meadows have also suffered.

A good deal of live stock is being mar~

keted. 'Cattle $6.50@7.50; hogs $8.50

@9; lambs $10@10.25; wheat $1.08;

oats 380; corn 70c; potatoes 900@$1;

butter 270; eggs 180.



Jay 00., March 13.—The roads have

been in bad coiidition. There has been

no ice to spoil the wheat on bottom

lands. Meadows have suffered from

freezing and thawing. Live stock is

scarce and prices are good. Local

butchers are. scouring the country for

a summer supply. Sales are unusual-

ly numerous. Renters are having a

hard time locating, as with increased

taxes land owners are demanding cash

in advance. There was little fall plow-

ing done here, so that farmers will be

rushed this spring, Butter-fat 330;

eggs 17c; wheat. $1.15; potatoes $1.30;

cattle $8; hogs $9.10. Farmers have

plenty of apples. ‘



Kansas.





Trego Co., March 13.——The weather

is unusually mild. Wheat is in need

of moisture. There has been little

snow during the winter and the roads

are very good. Wheat, is looking fine

for this time of year. Stock doing well

and farmers have more feed on hand

than can be used. Very little grain is

going to market since the recent slump

in price. ‘Wheat is worth 90c; corn

55c; potatoes retail at $1.75; butter

25%;0 butter-fat 28c; eggs 15c; hogs





 





 





“The Bull Tractor Bulletin” is a trac‘

tor magazine issued by the Bull Traco

tor (30., Minneapolis, Minn. It con‘

tains articles of interest to every pres

ent and prospective tractor user and

many illustrations of-tractors in oper*

ation on the farm. Write for a copy

of same, mentioning this paper.





   





 





‘1'”!





..Mi wim,;.

' 1





r“: VI“. anti" .. .....H,“





«an»...—





"F





yarn-...“-u w
'41-‘th 'u—m-n «no—n"





we-..“





 





 





   

 





___.__...._ _-1_~‘\7





'01!





use ms





\-





\ If a cow is well—if her organs of pro-

duction are doing their duty—she will

{ield well. Time was when the cow that



ccame sluggish and seemed to be going

backward was pi-cmptly sold to the butcher.

Thousam of cow owners have found

that in most cases proper treatment will

save them the difference between the price

of a beef cow and a vigorous milch cow.

Most dairy cow ailments are simple if

the source of the trouble is reached. [if the

organs of production or reproduction are

not doing their duty, try Kow-Kure—the

medicine for run—down cows. It has

worked wonders ’in many herds, and is

especially recommended for the preven-

tion and cure of Abortion, Barnaness,

Milk Fever, Scouting, Lost Appetite,

Bunches, Retained Afterbirth, etc.

Keep Row-Kore on hand constantly. Sold in 50c.

and $1.00 packages by feed dealers and druggists.





um. us In. my Dairy Association C0.

”mm" [Judo-vile, Vt.





 





 





 





 





 





.. V ‘- I ' Y9 . ‘. ’

.

HIS SHOWS '



Such unusual and "continual results as the fol-

lowing prove thnt this randy in so reliable-«and

successful—that it. is positively a cafe and secure

investment to low it under our CONTRACT.

This is a signed. legal contract no cure or refund

the money. 20 Years a Success.



“If anybody write: from around her-c, send them to

me and I will show what it has done," writes Mr. John

Davin, R. l, Annandale, N. J., and he tells this interest-

ing experience: “ I bought a mare that ran away and hurt.

her knee. They had tried about everything and the man

I got her of said, ' You can’t make her go sound.’ I said

nothing : but I got a bottle of Save-The-Horse and before

one-half the bottle was used the was sound as adollar. -



“Two years later she went lame behind, and Icculd not

use her. The doctor said 'a rinzbonef He gave ablistcr,

Cad if not. better in 3 weeks to fine and blister; at the and

of 3 weeks the blister healed, but horse as lame as ever.

So 1 hold my wife I will use Save-flue-Horse. You would

be Iurprised, as in the next. 3wccks she was working

¢v_ day and has never taken ulame step since. Two

new bots also had good success with Save-The-Horse.”



No Matter what remedy you think

BOOK of using, Don’t Fail to send for

our FREE 96 - page Save-The-

FR E E Horse 1300:. It is a mind set-



. tier on 58 Forms of LANTENESS

Mllustrated. Write today I if only a postaL



We deated the plan of treating horses—Under a

Signed Contract to Return Money if Remedy Falls on

ngbone — Thom in — SPAVI N — or ANY Shoulder,

Knee, Adele, Hoe or Tendon Disease.



But write. BO0K, Sample Contract and ADVICE—-

ALL FREE (I!) Ilene Owners dz Managers). Address





not CHENEMN., ‘20 Commerce Ave, Mention, N. Y.





mum E to loll Save-Tho-floroo with 00!-

TBACT. or we and by Poi-col Post or Express pcld.





DEATH 1'0 HEAVES

"EWTO N l s “moi Ooughagoémcr

Commented by Iuwlnd SI on





Three can. an guaranteed“ cure

‘ have. or money uhndod.





 





   





L ~\: _

The original and the 4 -d to

Standard Vela-nary Remedy for Hooves; $539k”

cm: hlly. at years sale and veterinary use.





an: nuns av mucous ms:—

mstm. IT'S A man con





 





”Mk-m. mamm- 0mm Hogs.

1.00wmat dealers. at someone. by parcel pool.





in m um! co" T010110. “I.

‘4





 





HOICE SEED CORN--Selected at, nusk' time

and fire drud. Yellow Dent. Had ylelds of 50 bu.

to tens Bloc h 90 s





poi-acre- no

83.509011”. mm. Also Dusty Rum! seed potatoes,

mwnmaHqulymmndlaeace as cube



found anywhere. 31.90 m.

.. LA. Lam .CeduSprlnga. Mich.





 





'Ifl“ Pm ' hm giftillh'a. By‘year ro-

w.mlm 30:13. ”mullet





THE MICHIGAN FAKMER





THIS IS THE. FIRST EDITION.





 





The first edition is sent to those who

have not expressed a desire for the





f latest markets. The late market ed.i-'

tion will _





. be sent on request at any

tune.





DETfiOlT LIVE STOCK MARKET.





 





 





Thursday's Market.

Cattle.

March 16, 1916.

Receipts 2810. In all departments





’ but sheep and lambs at the local yards

there was a good fair run and the best

of service was handed out by all the,





local railroads. -



In the cattle division the trade start-

ed off very active and big 15c higher

than they were a week ago on all

grades, but at noon on Thursday the

advance was mostly all lost and the

close was 15@250 lower than a. week

ago. Quite a large number of good

quality steers were in the receipts and





very low, bringing no more than can-

not prices. 'The demand from the

country for stockers and feeders was





prices few were returned for feeding

purposes. The close was very dull at

the decline. Best heavy steers $8@

8.30; best handy weight butcher steer-s

$7.50@8; mixed steers and heifers $7

@750; handy light butchers $6.50@

6.75; light butchers $6@6.50; best, cows

$6.25@6.75; butcher cows $5@6; com-

mon cows $4.25‘@4.75; canners $3@

4.25; best heavy bulls $6@6.75; bolog-

na bulls $5.25@5.7'5; stock bulls $4.50

@550; feeders $6.50@7; stockers $5@

6.75; milkers and springers $40@80.

Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 10

steers av 1081 at $8.10, 2 do av 815 at

$6.25; to Bray 8 cows av 1034 at $6.25,

4 do av 875 at $5, 1 bull wgh 1530 at

$6. 1 do wgh 1100 at $5.60, 1 cow wgh

980 at $5.60; to Applebaum 6 butchers

av 555 at $6.35; to Mason B. Co. 2 cows

av 1230 at $6.50; to Bray 1 do wgh

1140 at $6; to Hammond, S. & Co. 8

butchers av 551 at $6.50; to Sullivan

P. Co. 2 do av 710 at $6.25, 4 steers av





to Mich. B. Co. 3 cows av 990 at $5.75,





stockers av 633 at $6.20; to Costello





at $5.80.

Reason & S. sold Schuman 6 steers

av 833 at $7.50, 1 bull wgh 1080 at





Wgh 900 at $7.50; to Newton B. Co. 2

do av 1185 at $7, 3 cows av 933 at

$6.25, 2 steers av 1030 at $8, 1 bull wgh





at $7.25, 1 bull wgh 1530 at. $6.25; to

Mich. B. Co. 17 steers av 1060 at, $7.85,

2 bulls av 1305 at $6.25, 3 butchers av

940 at $6.50; to Costello 4 steers av 815

at $7.50; to Kull 9 do av 920 at $7.70;

to Newton B. Co. 6 cows, av 978 at

$5.75, 9 do av 1060 at $5.75; to Brei-





tenbach 14 butchers av 812 at $6.75, 8'

cows av 1091 at $6.25, 2 do av 940 at'





$5.25.

Veal Calves.

Lowenstcin sold Newton B. Co. 20

cows av 897 at $4.90.

Receipts 1128. The veal calf trade

was steady with last week, a few of





the choice bringing $12, with bulk of.





the sales for good at $11@11.75; com-

mon grades were dull at $7@10.



Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Sullivan P.

Co. 6 av 155 at $11.50, 5 av 125 at

$11.25, 8 av 130 at $11.25, 3 av 130 at

$11, 5 av 150 at $11.25; to Nagle P. Co.

9 av 130 at $11.50, 34 av 140 at $11.25,

3 av 160 at $11.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 919. The run of sheep

and lambs was very small and the.

quality none too good. Prices averaged

about steady with last week. One or

two small bunches of choice brought

$11.15, but bulk of sales was from

$10.50@10.75. Best lambs $10.75@

$11.15; fair lambs $10@10.50; light. to

common lambs $9@10; yearlings $9.50

@975; fair to good sheep $7@7.25;

culls and common $5@6.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. &





l“ Co. 202 lambs av 85 at $11.50, 52 do av





83 at $11.15; to Thompson Bros. 16 do

av 60 at $9.50, 29 do av 70 at $11, 28

do av 80 at $10.50; to Newton B. Co.

111 do av 86 at $11.15.





' Sandel, 8.. B. & G. sold Nagle P. Co.





8 lambs av 70 at $10.50, 11 ‘yearlings

av 80 at $8.





Hogs.

Receipts 11,337. The hog trade was





03' - a. dull draggy affair on Wednesday and,





none were sold until nearly 5:00 p. In.

On Thursday they were no better and

prices averaged as follows: Pigs $8.25





 





found a ready sale. While good milch. .

cows are selling, well. the common.

grades are extremely dull and selling '





more active, but owing to the high.





930 at $7.25, 1 bull wgh 1840 at $6.50;_





1 do wgh 920 at $5, 4 steers av 980 at

$7.35, 6 do av 757 at $6.35; to Newton.

B. Co. 4 do av 1365 at $8.60; to Mason;

B. Co. 4 do av 1180 at $8; to Sutton 16-





3 butchers av 693 at $6.50; to Sullivan.

P. Co. 2 do av 810 at $6.50, 5 steers av,

1106 at $8.15, 7 do av 963 at $7.25, 2:

cows av 940 at $6, 7 do av 1121 at:

$6.35; to Newton B. CO. 8 cows av 1055)





$6.25, 1 cow wgh 920 at $6.50, 1 steer,





1840 at $6.25, 2 cows av 1010 at $6.50,_

7 steers av 897 at $7.40, 2 do av 1115.





@875; yorkers and heavy grades $9.60

I. @9070. .





 





 





.

You Men Who Have Pipes

Discarded and forgotten pipes—inactive, retired,

ipes —- pipes you’ve tried to

smoke and couldn’t smo e—you men try Tuxedo.

You can smoke a pipe—every man can—— but you

can’t smoke any kind of Tobacco without makin our





tongue rebel and your throat get angry. Put the ante

where it belongs-:thc pipe was innocent—the tobacco





“ out - of - commission”





was the guilty party.





Give your pipe another chance—fill it with fresh



. Tuxedo, packed firmly but not hard; smoke slowly;

! and you’ll go into permanent artncrship with Tuxedo.

' One week’s trial and you’ll l:

have forsaken all smokes except Tuxedo.





 





 





I8,





now why so many men





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l

The Perfect Pipe Tobacco t





Tuxedo is a good hearted, gentle, quiet,soft-voiced

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forting as a raise in salary—no “fighting spirit” in it

anywhere to muss up your tongue—or fuss up your

throat -——as “bite—less” as a bab .



That’s because the rich, mellbw leaf is first aged ,in

wood from 3 to 5 years and then it’s treated by the





 





MR. A. M. ROSE

Judge of the Circuit Coutt of Illinois





" Tuxedo tobacco is pleasantly mildfiel has





a fraguncc that is most safitfying. cru'ou

Tumdo_more than my tobacco I’ve met

smoked. '





W.





famous original “Tuxedo

Process”—-—that takes every

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Tuxedo has plenty of

imitatorshbut there can’t

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Try Tuxedo this week.

YOU CAN BUY TUXEDO

EVERYWHERE





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In Class Humidon, 5 0c and 90c





THE AMERICAN TOBACCO COMPANY





 





 





 





II 00 PURE BRED REGISTERED

Holstem-Friesians





First Sale of the Saginaw Valley Holstein-Friesian Breeders’ Sales Association

AT SAGINAW FAIR GROUNDS, SACINAW





OPENS 10 A. M.





c

Aprll 6, They Come from Some of Michigan’s





This sale represents the blood of





Best Herds.





such reat sires as—Kino Keka Fayne,





King Segis Alcartra Homestead (a son of t e $50,000 bulll, Flint Buttel‘boy





‘ Hengerveld, King Korndyke Oriskany Pontiac, Calamit Travis Lad W lve '

Sn; Prilly Hengerveld, and other sires of equal ualit y ’ O rme

Among the cows offered will be a Thousand





Dollar Bay County female, and





the cow that won the sweepstakes at the 1915 Saginaw County Fair, “Highland





Farm Lady Korndyke, (264,608).”





You Cannot Afford to Miss This Sale





Auctioneer, Col. D. L. PERRY, assisted by D. T. PACKER, of Saginaw.

SEND FOR SALE CATALOGUE





RUFUS B. HOLMES 60.





HRH and Rlopelle 8“. Detroit. Mich.





I

Com mission Merchants

Poultry, Live. or Dressed. Dressed Hogs. Calves.

Sheep andEm. Reference. Peninsula: Savings

Bank. Sullivan Packing Co. Shipments Solicited.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.





HA 3.2% on" “5°CWAT‘0";

a .. ‘ . .

.————. Doniel McColh-ey's Son: Co.





 





H Ship your good quality to us.



“1th Market Prices.



E. L. Richmond 00.. Detroit.



V BE HARPSTER COMMISSION 00., [Ynio Scoot

F1 ards, Toledo. 0., Sell live stock on comm’luaio



“Styling“? pnmsfanil blind: fillo.f Try them. ' v

Inn 8, orve o s x mks a ter ut 'ntec



Emancmlly backed by over Si..0w,000.y° I l 3'





F‘nmns—“e will pay'premiumfl whenever possiblo

above the highest official Detroit Marbot

quotation for your omecshippod direct to us by 0!.

press. Write us for information. ll pay you_

American Butter 8: Choose 00.. Detrogt. Mich,





 





 





 





 





Mention Michigan me when writing in advenlsm





 





MOTION SALE —— Registered Jersey Gallic





St. Lambert and Inland Breeding.





April 5th, 1916





At my farm two miles south of Fenton.





at One O’Clock





Send for catalogue. Col. D. 1... Perry,





Columbus, Ohio, Auctioneer.





CLARENGI A. BRISTOL, Mouton, Michigan.





100‘
4...» .r' .

m...- ._............a.. .





’9.

1





442-26

POULTRY.





ARRE LYMOUTH ROCK EGGS from fun blood

stock. 1.50 for 18. Have won at leading shows for

years. J. A. B RNUM, Union City. Michigan.





-' Hill A” ii‘ci’i?x‘”c BABY ClllCliS.





\Ve ive gou good qualit' for your money in both

chic s an hatching eggs mm a standard-bred strain

of winter-layers. Winners at Kalamazoo, Battle Creek

and Jackson. S R. I. Reds—Bred for business and

for beauty. (Send for price list.) Bubcock n,

8. No.4. Box 180. battle Creek, Michigan.





 





 





a b ch' k from our own Bred-To-La Rin let Bar-

. Y '9 sred Rooks $10per1mS.C. 'hite e horns

810 per 100 and S. O. Bufl’Orpingtons $12 per 100. etch-

in? Eggs carefully packed $4 per 100. For further

in ormation write for our Chick Folder. RUSSELL

POULTRY RANCH. PETERSBUBG. MICE.





 





BABY CHICKS FROM STANDARD BRED S. C

\Vhlte and Brown Leghorns, bred to lay large white

eggs. $9.00 per 100; $85.00 per 1000. Safe arrival

guaranteed. Catalogirec. Wolverine Hatchery, Box

2221. Zeeland, Mich.





 





BABY omcus- S- 0- W- Leghom



O only—none better at



any price -— $10 per 100. Hatching egg; $1.50 per 100.



guaranteed delivery and fertility. atch weekly,

BUCKEYE HA1 CHERY. lonia. Mich.





 





HICKS—S. O. W. Leghorns mated 'with 'Barron

, Cookerels, $10 per 100. Snowflake Poultry Farm.

Route 1, Grand Rapids, Mich.





Choice Barred Cockercls





)IICIIELSON strain $1.50 each until sold.

IllllCliliST FARM - Kalamazoo, Mich.





IG Beautiful Hon hatched Barred Plymouth Rocks

sold on approval $2 to $5 car-h. (4 females and male

$10)good layerslfirculars and photos. John Norilion,(llare,Mich.





 





 





 





' ' ' Barred Plymo th

Cousms Northern liIng SlraIn RM, Have you

many prizes. Some nice Cockerols and Pullets for sale.

\Vrite for prices. David Vi". Cousins, Northport, Mich.





 





BARRED Rocks Parks 200 Egg Strain with records to

290 eg 5 a vear~$lin pl‘l‘ 15 Delivered. By Parcel

post. red Astling. Constantine. Mich.





BARRED ROCli EGG





W. C. Coflman. R. 3,





and Baby (‘hivks from

sturdy rigorous stock.

Benton larbo r. Mich.





 





UFF LEGH(‘)RNS—Cm-kerels. hens. pens or eggs.

Anything you wish in lluff Leghorns. (irI-zit laying

strains. Dr. William Smith, Pctersburthch.





Chicks that live 815 per 100. s”"""- Whit“ ““6





Parti‘id e \Vyan.

dottes. White Leghorn Chicks $12 per 1( . Pekin

and Rouen llucklings 25





cents each. ALDHAM

POULTRY FARM. R. No. 37.





Phoenixville, Pu.

C H l C K





JOS. NEUMAN, Prop,





CHICKS We ship thousands each season. Ten

9 varieties. Ancona's $11 a hundred. free

booklet. Freeport Hatchery, Box 12.Freeport.Mich.





 





S. (XVV. Leghorns. 80 each.

9 Barred Rocks, 10¢ each.

Eureka Farm, Dorr, Mich.





 





LEARVEIW Poultry Farm Established 1900. Trap.

nest strain of S. C. \‘V. Leghorns Eggs for hatching.

15. $1; 50, $3.; 100, $5. Thos. H. Barns, Orestou, Ohio





E gs for hatching~From {Miro bred “'hite Plymouth





 





Rocks. l’ekiii Zilill \l' iite ruiiiinvrdm-ks. “'liite

A mean guiiieas. ll. V. Hostctlcr, 1i. 1, St. Johns. Mich.





EGGS S. (‘. \‘i'. Leghorn. goodas offered. 15

' eggs $1.00, EllLI-ggs $1.75. (‘atalng free.

M. MAYER. Jr.. Merrill. Mich.

EGGS for Hatching. Park‘s 200-egg strain barred





Plymouth Rocks. 15-51.!30; 25—8260; 30-5300;

Bil-84.50. J. E. Grimm. Conklin, Mich.





 





 





[as for hatching from purebred “'hite Plymouth

Rocks and H. (l. “1111' Leghornson free range.

Kletzien & Webster, Bath. Mich.





 





Eggs from pure bred 8. (Lil. Leghorn: 5c each





J. Melvin Reid. Glenwood Farm. urren. Mich.





9 a few choice Corkerels

Fowler 5 Bull Rocks m... We ...,,_,,,,.,,

stock. 7t091bs. m-cordingto age $2 to 35. Eggs $1.4)0for



’i. ll. B. FOWLER, Hartford, Blichigan.





Buff Rock E





MASON E. R E YNO





MPROVE your poultry. My Young's strain S. CNVhite

ILeghorns great money makers. Strongmig‘orous. free-

range stock. Baby chicksStlperlOO and up. hatisfaciion

guaranteed. Free catalogue. W.Van Appledorn, Holland.Mich.



on" —Vi'hite, Brown, Buff. Black. Also Rocks.

[EGH Rods. Anvonas, l’ekin Ducks. eggs. baby

chicks. Prices reasonable. (‘ircular free. Sunnybrook





Poultry Farms, Hillsdalc. Mich. Chas. G. Burroughs,

Mgr. Formerly Foreman l'nivcrsity of \Vll.. Poultry Dept.





Fina cre‘i While orplllgiilllx best, of egg strain'eggs

after Feb. lat... baby chicks later. MRS. WILLIS

HOUGH. Pine Crest Farm, Royal Oak, Michigan.





HODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

Rhiales 5 to 12 lbs. according to age 52 toSfirP. R. hens

weight 5 to 10 lbs.. eggs 15 for $1.00: l00, 35:120. 36,

Mammoth Bronze Torn Turkeys. 8 to 38'lbs. according

to age 36to 825. 10 eggs $3. A. E. Cramton. Vassar. Mich.





ii. i, ilods, Both Combs, Most Popular “mm in





Michigan

Eggs for batc ing,





—-from heavy winter

8 laying strain, $1 for 15.

S. Mason, Michigan.





Strong. vigorous birds





h Baby Chicks. Write for catalog.

INTERLAKES FARM. Box 39. Lawrence, Michigan_





and S. C. R. I. Red Cockerels. eggs and baby chicks,

R. W. Emden Ganders, B. O Ducks. 1' inc stock.





Prices reasonable. 0. E. Howley. Ludirigton. Mich.





ilose Comb lirown Leghorn &. Mgmmotl; Pokizn Duck.

‘ ' . . ’. .h' .' t

55c S.“ pedi‘iitiihlkfi begfig.“ Hilllold‘lile?el$iicls?n s





ROSE AND SINGLE COMB Rhode Island Reds



E gs, per 15. $1.50 by parcel post: from special pens.



2 each by express, Jennie Buell. Ann Arbor,Mlch.



. Buff, Barred. Columblan, Partridge



flock cookflnisu and Silver Penciled. 00 each.

Sheridan Poultry Yards. Sheridan, Michigan.





Silver Golden “‘1 White “'mdottes- First prize





winners at Ionia. Choice cockerels rea-

sonable. Send for circular. C.W.Browniug. R.2.Portland.Mich.





Single Comb White Leghorns





Day-old Chicks and Bags

for hatching.





6 din ens headed by males from [family of

trgpl—Ihgsrteed hegnlsJ with records of 200 eggs or better.

We selectfimate and breed our stock for Vigor and efifi'

production. Chicks $15.00 per 100, Eggs .00 per .

.patisfaction guaranteed.





Knnlcl Bros. Box 624, Easilan:ing.lich.





WANTED—White Leghorn Cock-

crels with comb not frosted. No

fancy birds wanted.



Parke, Davis 6: 60., Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





r





 





 





 





One Gallon oil—«é





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Okla. Many more making big incomes.

Read about them in our Poultry“Know-How”





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repai gripe on ld

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lac-Egg Incubator and Broodor. both only“:

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I - - Box 106 Rooms. Wis. - - 1

Big Cash Profi '3

Every Week on Chicks. Write me for detail:

showing how beginners with Belle City outfits

make 310 to $25 a week on day-old chicks.





Get the facts! Any man. woman, boy or girl

can do it by following my plan and using my





 

   

   

 

 

 

   

 





 





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30! H. Racine. Wis.





The High Percent Hatchet





Buy the Gem and be sure. 25 years highest

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Best doublrwaler regulator. Removab a chick





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





~ golden.





»

g .





M 'I c H 1oan {FJAi'R M E R





Raising POultry for Profit- 7





HERE are failures in all classes-

of business. There are men who

fail, even when opportunities are

The poultry business is no ex-

ception.



A person must be adapted to the

work, and must have grit, pluck, am-

bition and cash. It does not take as

much of the latter as it does of the

others. To make a. success, it is nec-

essary to have both experience and

money. 'A beginning can be made

without experience, but it must neces-

sarily be on a small scale. The begin-

ner must grow with the business. The

successful large farms of the country

today started in a small way, and grew

as experience, facilities and capital

grew.



Poultry Success Means Work.

Poultry keeping is not the “Easy

Job” so many imagine, the sameness

of the work soon discourages the faint-

hearted. It means' labor every day,

Sunday included. The man who can

master his own disposition and can

put the same vim in the work day

after day is 'the man who succeeds.

But the person who gets the “Blues”

falls by the wayside.



It will take several years to get a

poultry plant on a firm foundation.

There is always something new crop-

ping out, and no man ever lived that

knew it all. Why should men, who en-

ter a business they know nothing

about, expect to be successful from

the start? Can any business of any

class offer such a guarantee? There is

no line of work that a person can take

up that will yield as much profit for

the money invested as will the poultry

business, carried on by intelligent men

in an intelligent manner. Men in the





.poultry business often try to walk be-





fore they are able to creep.





With reference to the care of poul-

try, We should see that we have '

good hen house, well ventilated, with

no drafts, but sufficient fresh air, as

they need lots of fresh air and sun-

shine.



Keep Poultry House Sanitary.



Then to keep it clean and sanitary,

supplying them with plenty of grit and

oyster shell. A good dust box with

Sifted ashes is very essential, as it

helps to keep down the lice. Dishes

with plenty of grit and oyster shell

should be kept on hand. A scratching

pen should be provided with plenty of

clean fresh straw and the hens kept

busy all day, by throwing all the feed,

except the evening meal, in the straw.

If the hens are kept busy and in a heal-

thy condition, you will obtain good

results. _



Fresh water should be given two or

three times each day, and the dishes

should be thoroughly cleaned twice

each week. If any water is in the dish

when you go to give more, throw it

out, as the hens like clean water as

well as we do.



In the morning I feed whole wheat

and barley, equal parts, and dry mash

as much as they will consume during

the day. My dry mash consists of

bran, middlings, alfalfa, charcoal, heat

scraps, bone meal and salt. All this I

mix in a. large box.



At noon they get wet mash, with

some stimulant, such as cayenne pep-

per and salt, or dry mustard. About

three quarts of mash will do for ninety

hens. In addition one and one-half

quarts of‘oats should be thrown in the

scratch pen. For green feed I feed

cabbage, but intend to use sprouted

oats soon. In the evening in winter I





feed whole corn and in the summer





barley.

If a person expects to get eggs in





 





trays. Many more features in big. froo comics.

Get our special offer. also "How to Buy on

Incubator." and save money. Write today.





GEM MPG. 00.. Box 20. M0. -





Tells why chicks die





E. J. Reefer, the poultry expert, 4383 Reefer Bldg



Kansas City, M0. is Igiving own free a valuable



book entitle , " hits . ion on How to Cure it."



This book contains scientific facts on white ‘diurrlio a



and tolls ow to promo in o homo solution that core-

V





 





lo you must get eggs in winter.





winter he must have early hatched

chicks, hatched in April or May, or

even in March. If hatched too early

they will molt, and that will give them

a. setback. You cannot expect hens to

lay the year round. They must have

a. rest. So in order to realize a profit

The old





 





no pl

terrible incl-o o a uizht and some“! ruins 98 nor son: of

h tob All .5 so .I-omamuniyniuux.m

iogm’om’o: thou um” "i.“iinfi books.





saying is, “Old cows give the butter





 





men-25, 1916. .





but young hens lay the eggs," and that

is true.



I feed my chickens regularly each

day and 'I think that is one of the es-

sentials of success with poultry. When

the days are short I feed before day-

light, and in cold weather I give warm

water. When the hens get, warm feed

and water they do not mind the cold

weather. I have had them lay better

in cold winters than in a mild winter.

It all depends on the care. A person

must be very gentle with the hens,

they get frightened so easy, and a

fright means a loss to you, so it pays

to be gentle with them.





The Result of Good Care.



We live in town and I take care of

the chickens myself. I had two hun-

dred and forty, single-comb White Leg-

horns at the beginning of the year

1915, but lost over twenty during the

year. We have only one acre of land,

so my chickens are never on free

range. It is rather hard for me to get

early matured pullets in a. park. They

will do so much better if on free

range. I have tried both ways.



This is what I sold during the year,

and what the feed cost me for the year

for hens and raising young chickens.

' Disbursements.



For feed .. .............$358.93

Eggs used in incubator. . . . . . . c 61.65





Total .‘IICOOOIIC00......0..$420058

Receipts.

Ins-ooIIQOIOIOOO$553-56





Eggs sold . . . .





Day-old chicks sold............ 162.35

Broilers sold ................. 47.92

Oldhenssold................. 87.50





 





Total coco-oo-cocooooooooQ-o$851-33

Total disbursements ....... 420.58





My prOfit oosoo-oooooooooooos430-75

Sanilac Co. Mrs. W. F. STEINKOPF.





 





 





 





SUGGESTIONS ON BEE-KEEPING.





 





We bought a few hives of bees with

the intention of producting honey for

our table. My brother and I are part-

ners in all our farming endeavors and

have five boys each, all lovers of hon-

ey. I would like advice. We have 10

nice swarms and a few extra. hives,

and a good supply of sections. etc.



Lake Co. S. M. L.





With ten good colonies of bees you

want to make up your mind that

you are going to produce a great deal

more honey than you and your .family

can eat. With good management you

should produce an average of three

hundred pounds of comb honey or

about five hundred pounds of extracted

honey per year, and it would not be a.

big crop if you produced three times

the above amounts. So you see there

is no reason why the bees should not

give you some profit besides supplying

you with one of the purest and most

healthful sweets that we can secure.



You do not say what experience you

have had so I am going to advise you

as though you were a beginner and

then you can help yourself to the need-

ed advice and leave the rest. First, I

would write to the Secretary of Agri-

culture, Washington, D. C., and ask

him to send you the following bulletins

on bees, and their care. These bulle-

tins are free and if you will but follow

the advice given you cannot go astray:



Farmers’ Bulletins Nos. 447, on

Bees; 442, on the Treatment of Bee

Diseases; 503, on Comb Honey, and

Bulletin No. 75, Part 1, on the Produc-

tion and care of Extracted Honey. The

bulletin on Comb Honey is very valu-

able and ‘should be studied by all bee-

keepers. With these bulletins in hand

you will be in a position to commence

the season, knowing what method or

system you are going to follow through

the season. It is the lack of some well

defined and worked out system that

causes so much failure among bee-

keepers.



For ten colonies you should have on

hand the following supplies: Four

section supers, to each colony spring

count, or forty supers in all, and as you

are going to produce comb honey you
/





 





“-4...” .





. «nth...





 





 





 





MAME-2.5.1916! , ..





so am White Barman





Last season several thousand poul-

try‘ raisers found a way to prevent

‘White Diarrhoea. One of. these was

Mrs. C. G. Richards of Pioua, Ohio.

For the benefit of other poultry raisers

she gives her experience below:



“Last year I hatched 700 little chicks,

but lost over 300 of them from White

Diarrhoea. before I found. anything to

prevent it. Then I learned about Chic-

tone, sent for a box, and after using it

I never lost another chick. I think this

wonderful remedy has no equal and

will always keep a. supply on hand.”

Mrs. C. G. Richards, Piqua, Ohio.





Chlctone results! Resolve TODAY that you

will save OUR chicks from White Diarrhoea.

Chicane is guaranteed to save 90!». There are

lots of substitutes, but there's only one Chictone.

Chietone is not a poison. Sold in 50c boxes. Delay

Is dangerous. Order today from





lllE llfllll 00.. Depl. 2511.llll0ll.lllfll





Jim/gas WINS

in 2 Biggest





 





 

   

 

 





   





III-.03 hide





 

 





   

 

 

 





 

   

 

 





«snag-.3? j: HATCHlNG

fififihsndsn.conrasrs





can new art these tame-a

made





when. «unnamed. Ever Held

szInouhalor BOTH





Chick Breeder $ 1 0

m fiwfefiitm‘fiasgdmfmem

‘1 wide»; “mm Paid



' . ‘ ml'-Eaat of





md’nmn’ocklaa _





 

   

   

 





 

 

 





W a

out-e-





 





ll. 01' ca

ironclad Incubator 6

loan? , Racine. Wla.





 





 





'I‘O P R 0 D U C E



magen— Stronger —— Healthier



Chicks for YOU. M r. I’nuiiryman.

NUTRO CHICK MASH





l5 grain and meat; meals and a portion of N utro

salts blended into a perfect chick mash.

NURSERY CH [CK FOOD



cracked grain and seeds make this a sweet and

wholesome grain ration.



Growing Chick Food-Iced alter chicks are 4

weeks old—perfect developer.



Remember Our Guarantee and reduce your

chick mortality to a cypher. That's what. the

largest poultry farm in Central Penna. did last

season. Send today for price listland information

lllEll MlllllB 60.. Deptfi. Illanrl Fells. I. I.





 





 





"for your sWarms.





. of the bees ?





will also need ten more complete hives

' You may think that

this is rather a lot of supplies but if

you have a fair season and give your

bees care you will probably need more.

Dr. Miller, of Illinois, in 1913 produced

two hundred and seventy odd, full sec-

tions of comb honey per colony from

over seventy colonies. While this was

an exceptional crop, he could not pos-

sibly have secured this amount if he

had not been well prepared with ready

supers.





In both your sections and your hives

use full sheets of foundation, this will

be the best investment you will be able

to make. It takes from ten to twenty

pounds of honey to make one pound of

comb honey, besides the time the bees

lose while they are making the comb,»

so that if you can supply them with a

part of this comb you save time and

honey. If you secure a bee supply cat-

alog and look through carefully you

will find illustrations of these points,





The bulletin on bee diseases will

Show you what to look for in the‘hives,

and the bulletin on bees will give you

much instruction on points of manage—

ment.



You say you have five boys, so why

not let one or two of these take care

Once they get interested

they will have a business that they

can easily turn to good account in lat.

or years. The best thing you can do

is to let one or two of them attend the

“Bee-keepers Short Course” at the M.

A. 0., East Lansing. This course is

free to all, and will include lectures on

various systems and principles of man-

agement. Full particulars can be ob-

tained by addressing the Department

of Entomology, East Lansing.





You should get your supplies as soon

as possible and get these already so

that when the busy season comes you

will only have to spend a little time

with the bees. This is a feature that

so many bee-keepers forget 'and then

when the honey flow comes they are





 





\ one 24, 1

EE “Good Breeding and

D Feeding are lg: iMain

Y Points in n sing

COLON Chickens. I can heartily

recommend the Candee

Colony Brooder."

You Will Grow Bigger. Healthier Chicks the Candce Way

“(rite for big illustrated catalog that gives the experience of

Candec operators last year and pictures of their poultry plants.

Tells about the coaLburning

broader that. is automatically

regulated. with larger 12-inch

grate. We are prepared to ship

your Brooder the some day your

order is received.

Cande- Incubator a Brooder Co.

Dept: MEaltwoodJLY. Licensed

by W. 4‘. Scum Mfg. Co. Inc.





’ -" \ “I never had a finer lot of chicks than

I have this year”

(f3; "M. writes Mrs. Ange" Milford,91;ls.’.





i

M.“





l Cm in!

' Con. Bummer” Rzouurlno





 





3mm.





New Oil—page book—-iusl;ofl press--by





rec n d poultry autnonu» we the

verfinformatien on need. undreda

ol women pa for ones raising poultry

n yau ---healthful Iniem_

This book ball- how 00 ovoid eginner's costly mialnk

experience successful breeders-410w they star . /;."

grew and a money. i 4 (in

Describes America a greatest moneyvaavin‘ lIn..

of guaranteed incubators brooders. Book in urge

deman rite lenma ly.

Model Incubator Con [6 Henry 8t“ Manner.





Also 89 Barclay SL, Ncw York City





s”"'"‘”" BEFORE YOU PM





am. A v s This 136-Egg Incubator and Broader

'- -... - ipped anywhere on 80 days' trial.

No money down -— no deposit.





 





   

 





 





 

 

   





 

 

 





:52) ‘ 1 . . ‘.

Berlitii -'





 





' . because no other outfit



,, v, the UNITO. Incubator



lgi“;'l;"“:elel’d Ironflgitflf t'



' . vanlz . ac lo

' guaranteed.Wehkaalltberi'e





 





BIG FOUR POULTRY JOI'RNAL—the Practical

Poultry Paper for Practical Poultry liaison-z; only

wiper devoted exclusively to the poultry interests of

llinois. Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin. It‘s

\‘Ul'R leper: you should read it. Bright, Snapm . Li re.

SPECIAL UFFEll'G mos. Trial Subscripti n 150. Send





stamps. Big Four Poultry Journal, Desk ‘. Chicago‘





PRAIRIE STATE llCllBI‘l‘OllS





amom for hatching "chicks that live."

’ v





le—acooomlcal—leadors f 85 . (h

l ’1 incdlwgton that have” nth-HILL sunning

vanti ion and applied moisture. Write us bod”.

PRAIRIE "A“ MUM”. co.

1:3 late as. Healer City. Pa.





 





 





Eur BIG PROFITS

Raise {tom-own honey. We start.

young . Sandtoda





y for In! em-

ply Catalog and

Saunlecopya! American Bu Journal.

Oldest: Bee paper in America -— all

A. e. mourns 00.. nut. 13. Grand Rapids. “Ich-





DOGS





GOLLIE DOGS





The Baal; on Earth at Reasonable Prices.

E. A. ROGERS, Dundee, Michigan.





 





 





 





"wean!“THE-ssa“:sss!





‘F “if Write W. A. Ev Mt. Clemens, Mich.

I - for those xmrebred. leand whiteSootch

Collie Puppies. natural healers from trained stock. ~





so busy with other work that the bees

lare neglected. If your supplies are all

.l‘eady to put on, it is a small matter to

place them on the colony but it may

mean several dollars more profit.





Study the bulletins carefully, and

you should manage to get all the honey

you need for family use and then be

able to supply the neighbors with a

goodly portion.





lngham Co. F. E. MILLEN.





DO NOT SELL EGGS FROM lNCU-

BATORS. '





According to specialists of the De-

partment of Agriculture, a number of

poultry raisers are putting on the mar-

ket' infertile eggs that have been test-

ed in incubators from three days to a

week. As soon as the breeder finds

that the ggs will not hatch he takes

them out and sends them to market

along with his i‘resh eggs. After the

eggs have been in the incubator this

length of time they are distinctly stale

and rot very quickly. Even when just

taken from the incubator these infer-

tile eggs are not, it is stated, fit for

boiling or poaching, although they may

be used for frying, and are good for

cake or certain other baked foods.

These eggs when they reach the mar-

ket, however, are classified as low

grade No. 2.





The farmer who sells incubator eggs

to the dealer is very liable to injure

his own market for fresh eggs. When

dealers find a percentage of low-grade

incubator or other eggs in their fresh

spring egg supply they lower the price

for all eggs so that they will be cer-

tain that they have covered themselves

against losses from this cause. The

Department’s specialists advise farm-

ers to use any infertile eggs they may

take from their incubators for home

consumption and to send only fresh

eggs to market. If there are any sur-

plus infertile eggs they should be hard

boiled and chopped flne, shells and all,





 





as feed for little chicks.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER‘ "





27-4443





 





1 Will Tell You How to Make Poultry





Healthy, Make Hens Lay,

Make Chicks Grow





Now that mating time has arrived, it’s up to you to see that or poultry get a

tonic and internal antiseptics to make them vigorous an free of disease.

Therefore, feed Pan-a-ce-a. ,. , , , ..‘;3“_.‘

In that condition your hens will lay better, you : ' '1' £40513"





   

     

 

   





will get more healthy fertile eggs and the chicks ‘9i...|{.lrl'ilo_.—_5.v; .. M Gum-gee ‘

will stand a better Show of reaching maturity. I " "ll mgflyrfi 3031“" m! “m.





"'4 Dr. Hess Poult

Pan-a-oe-e wil





Therefore, feed Pan-a-ce-a.





And, before the hatches come, I want to warn

against apes, leg weakness and indi estion, for

these ai ments are responsible for hal the baby-

chick losses. Therefore, feed Pan-a-ce-a—it Wlll

save you these losses.





Dr. Hess Poultry

PAN-A-CE-A





It’s a Tonic—4‘10! a Stimulant





Here are a few of the valuable ingredients in Pan-a-ce-a to

meet the requirements of your poultr which I have just

stated: Nux Vomica, a nerve tonic; arbonate of Lime, a

shell former: Hyposulphite of Soda, an internal antiseptic:

Quassm. an appetizer; Iran, to enrich the blood. and other

valuable ingredients, all well known and recommended by

the highest medical and veterinary authorities.





Perhaps the strongest argument in favor of Pan-a-ce-a is

the fact that it has been on the market for 22 years and is

growing in favor each year. Read the guarantee in the

l ight-hand panel—that is your protection. There is a Dr. Hess

dealer in your town. a man whom you know. a man who

stands back of my guarantee and will return your money

if I’an-a—ce-a fails _to make good. 1% lbs. 25c; 5 lbs. 800; 25-lb.

pail. $2.50 (except in Canada and the tar West).





DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland. llllio





Dr. Hess Stock Tonic



25-lb. pail, 81.60; loo-lb. sack, 85.00



Why pay the peddler twice my price .7

Your stock need this tonic now to harden and condition them after

the confined heav feeding of winter. There’s nothing better to put

horses in trim for ard spring and summer work. Mllch cows need it

just now to prepare them ior the heavxy milking season ahead. Dr. Hess

Stock Tonic makes all stock healthy. eeps them toned up and expel;

worms. Sold under money-back guarantee. 25-lb. pail, 81.60; loo-lb.

sack, $6.00; smaller packages as low

assoc (excepl in Canada, the far West

and the South). Send 2c for my new

tree stock Tonic book.





Dr. lless instant Louse Killer





Killslice on poultryand all farm stock.

Dust the hens and sprinkle it in the

nests, or, it your fowl are provided

wth a dust bath, sprinkle Instant

Louse Killer in the dust bath every

other week—the hens will do the

rest. Also destroys bugs on cu-

cumber, squash and melon vines.

sings on rose bushes, etc.

Comesin handy, sifting-top

cans. 1 lb. 25c' 3- b. can

60c (except in Canada

and the tar West).

I guarantee it.





 

 





elp make your

hens lay and your

emigre grow that

I ve told my

dealer in your

town to suflply





   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





Gilbert flees

M.D.. D.V.S.





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





ll you have a sick or In-

ured animal, write Dr.



can. tell aymplomn,

enclose 2c stain for

reply. and he wil send

you a prescription and

letter 0! advice tree

. 0! charge.





4

If. I ,

//.’/-//’/" 4/





/’ " .

' 4%, .. 2702/17/23.





anted 50,000

‘ Farm Hands





of experience at once on the farms of





Western Canada (3 Ontario





To replace the young farmers who have enlisted for

the war. Good wages and full season’sworkassured.





There is no danger or possibility ol





Conscription in Canada





References required from all applicants. For

special railway rates and other mformation





apply to

M. V. MclNNES,





_ l 78 Jeflereon Ave., Detroit, Mich.





' .35 Authorized Canadian Government Agent.





- Mr. Fruit Grower, Mr. Farmer, ‘ K E E P B E E S





r hall... 31

Your orchards will produce more fancy fruit by so doing. Your berry crop will be increased

in unlity and quantity. Your Alsiko and Sweet Clover crops will be greatly benefited. You

rea ly cannot afford not to keep a few colonies Tons of bone) go to uaste each your. for

’ want of bees to gather it. Progressive farmers and fruit rowers ever, where now realize the

Value of bees. We furnish complete equipment, Mot em Hives. {’1er

Italian Bees. gentle and gt )d honey gatherers. Our booklet. “The Bee

Keeper and The Fruit Gm er" tree. Also our general catalog of bee supplies.





Send for catalog. We furnish the host wood berry basket madel

Berl ) BSSketS ()urfwux lined pager basket Ma cheap, clean package. Specia

Offers—2w wax lined paper baskets, post psi for $1.“).





M. H. HUNT & SON, Box 525,





' —200 Eg Strain—Eggs, chicks. 8-

F’rfls [flimms week—ofii puliets from hens with

records up





264 eggs. Prize winners at largest shows.

Prompt shipment, 1 prices low, quality guaranteed.

White Leghorns are best for eggs. We raise thousands.

Free catalog aud‘nice list gives particulars. Write for it now





FEMS LEBIOI rm. ”4 llalln. Grand Ianlll. Niel:





S C. B. Mlnorcas Coekerels and Pallets. as. Pope

- strain. P. C. BredSows and fall pigs. lg type





with Quality. R. W. Mills. Saline: Mich



S C Whitcl. horns. vigorous bred to lay stock.

- - Eggs. $5. hundred-450 for 13, slow day old



chicks, sac delivery a nd fertility guaranteed.



M. MALONEY, R. No. L Kalamazoo. Michigan.





0M BARRON Strain White Leghorns. Hal/child}

08a 75c for 15. $5.00 per 100. C. W. GORDO ,





Fowlervgle. Mich. -





 





Lansing, Mich. .,

That's the





I

Eggs. Eggs, Egg: lhe Year Round. kind of

its 011) ngtons I have. Big beautiful birds. (me

Dollar Fifteen per 15 eggs. Seven fine C(it'ktrt‘ls at

$3 each. D. W. WARD, Hillsdale. Llicliigun.





8. 8. lllIBUllG IOOIERELS‘lei-EE Zingifliuiiilél

are worth as; cannot last in at these prices.

BIVEBVIEW FARM, B. Vassar. Michigan.





 





 





HITE Wynndotto Cookerels, 82.50. 33.50 and 85

each. Fromngh Bred stock and heavy layers.

A. FRANKLIN SMITH, Ann Arbor. Michigan.





' Cock& Cock 1. F 31 $2, .

“ll. Wyandelle per 15, “egg“. 3 per 100. ‘3

DAVID RAY, 202 Forest Ave . psilanti, Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





HITE Wyandotte Eggs from heavy winter layers. wYANDOTTE SALE. Goldens Silvers. Butt Col.

- 32mm 15. 33.75 pet-.30. as. get 100. su J umbian.Siiverpeneiled, Partridge. Black, White. -

stock. Eggaday Poultry Ranch, lushall. . loll. Scores 92-95. Eggs $2.00 letting. Theron Duryea, Hillsdale,lich.
i 444—28 ' ‘*'





m mar CNEHCAI. WORK!





9?) all!!! ’





' T H E "M 1 c HrGAN” "En? R" ME R





‘ gill"lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllli, lllllllll|llllllIlllllIllIllll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





illl





Practical





E

E





(

Elllllll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llll|llllllllllllll||Illllllll|IlllIlllllllIlll|llll|IllllllllI|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllIIll||Ill|IllllIlllllllll|lllllllllllllllllIlll|lllll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllli





THE FORM OF THE ELEMENT IN

FERTILIZERS.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





 





Uncle Sam’s 0. K.

The U. S. Department of Agri-





culture gives its endorsement to

the standard seed disinfectant-





fOffifllfllfi'J/Ii





Fritters 777:!)





Greatest yield secured by destroying all

smut: and fungus, and scab and black-

leg in potatoes. It is the chea est and

best disinfectant for stables, iennels,

chicken houses and. cellars—it kills flies.

Formaldehyde int bottles 35 cents at

your dealer. rite for new book re-

porting U. S. Department of Agriculture's

experiments in seed treatment—FREE on

request.





PERTH AMBOY CHEMICAL WORKS





100 WILLIAM STREET NEW YORK 6





 





 





 





 





 

       

 

 

 

 

 





Got my IOIO priest Don't

buy an engine of any make

or kind or price until you





w first get my low 1916 prices

2 and easy lbuyln plans, including easy terms.

I build these Masterpiece engines in my

great chain of factories and sell them direct

to farm and shop with only one small profit

\ added to actual cost My New 1010 250-

":=‘ Page Book illustrates and describes all sizes

' from 13-4 H P. light work enginesto 16

H. P moguls for biggest, toughest, heaviest jobs. All

Galloway Masterpiece engines are lar e bore, long

stroke. heavy weight and low speeded. uilt for life-

time service and satisfaction.





1916 FEATURES «.1.— ’1





nclude valves in the





 

 

   





   

 

 





.

economy carburct ‘-



or (a fuel and money sav-

er, worth $10 more~costs





 

 

   

 





 

 

 





loway), built— —in magneto

and Hercules wate-r-t ooled cylinder head, an arch of

strength mnchanically rfect In design, (worth

extra, but costs you noting!



These features and many others make Masfitglfiecefl engines

superior engines and power kings I_n every

thmz about

Every sale has . [525.000 bank bond guarantee, for eve

customer’s satisfaction! ShI ped from Waterloo Councl

Bluffs, Kansas City. St. Pan and Cinema. Ask for my

SPECIAL PROPOSITION on 10 000 engines and new book ay.





WM. GWAY, Pres, WM. GALLOWAY COMPANY

185 Galloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa

WRITE FOR





- Ina Manufacturln- -eclsllsts

I BE IT TODAY!





yBig New Catalog of

CAyNT- SAG w Gtswfiu

e r1 e or



Save you man N?W— TODA Y.





   

 





 

 

   





 

   

   

 

 

 

   





 





POSTPAID





 





Cost less than all wood—Isst 6 times as long

n'st sga or twist. "oarB ds

doualile bolted (not nailed) between 8 angle

steel up rights Guaranteed 6ye s-.1s Youcs

get. complete Gates or just the Gate Steels so

'0 cu can makey ur own ea ates an save money.

Vrite for Catalioig. ALVINV V..IIOWE Pr: es.

ROWE MFG. COMPANY

Galosburg, III. (13)





 





3913 Adams 8





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





RITE FOR : ' .

7f : - - - : I I

ll.

.

I! ;,——A ’1 ; - . s

‘ Over 26. 000, 000 rods Bro

‘ Wild: Fence already sold to 400, 000

i , farmers. Fact tory Prices.

‘reightPrepaid. 160 stylus d





, » , 4 13¢ per red top. Gates an

3 Steel Posts. tool Write postal.





THE BROWN FENCE ‘ WIRE. 00.

49 . - can Inmates





 





SEND N0 MONEY





10 bar-l7 in. all No. 9



fince, 12 in. stzu,



421“. (Sin. stay, 57560.

DIRECT FROM FACTORY





_ W rite postal for com-

plete price list.





Standard Supply House





335 N. 6t

Noblesvllle.





GRASS 8 5,11%...

' reQualities. Wonder-m valua





customers. Clover $9. 50perb u. Timothy sizwoo Alsike

Clover and Timoth Mixture $5. 00. Sweet C] over $5. 40.

my Blue Grass 1.85 Other seeds In {sorortiomAll

subject government test under an a te money-

guarantee. We are expert ex rience seed special-

Ists Mingrassand fieldseeds. So today for our big

mane -saving Seed Bu III. which ex-

$.11. ddressg AIERICAN MUTUAL Sass

Department 631 4311331111 Roby St.. Chicago.





 





 





h St.

Indiana.





 





 





. When state inspection of fertilizers

5was first put into operation considera-

5tion was given solely to the content of

lnilrogen, phosphoric acid and potash

which fertilizers contained. It was

considered that upon this tripod, that

is, the foundation of nitrogen, phos-

phoric acid and potash, successful ag-

Iriculture depended, and inquiry was

not made into the variety of com-

pounds in which nitrogen, phosphoric

yacid and potash existed. Since that

[time a. considerable amount of pro-

lgress has been made in the application

:of manures and our fund of informa-

Etion as to the effect of these various

{fertilizing materials upon the soil has

been greatly added to. _



,Fertilizers have Passed through a Pro-



longed Experimental Stage.



The conviction that the use of fer-

tilizers was an advantageous thing has

not grown upon our people without

considerable opposition. A great many

farms throughout the country have

been made experimental farms by the

owner to attempt to satisfy his own

mind as to the desirability of the use

of commercial fertilizers, and with a.





       





satisfactory, many times highly unsat-

isfactory, and no amount of real scien-

tific experimental work seemingly

would convince the farmer of the de-

sirability of the use of fertilizers over

the adverse results of his own experi—

mentation in the matter.



Experts in experimental work know

that to accomplish results of any sig-

nificance at all as many unknown

quantities as possible must be elimi-

nated from the problem. We know in

mathematics how difficult it is to solve





, a problem with one equation contain-





ing both x and y as unknowns. How

much more difficult it is in an actual

experimental agricultural problem to

determine whether the effect of a fer-

tilizer is advantageous on a. soil when

we have several unknown factors en-

tering into the problem.



Climate and Varying Weather Condi-

tions make Fertilizer Results

Hard to Judge.



Experimental eXperts therefore at-

tempt to so standardize conditions of

the experiment that there is only one

variable factor. Even then the pecu-

liar conditions of our climate many

times introduce even other factors

which we cannot account for. I have

known farmers to use certain types of

commercial fertilizers one year and,





loud in their praises of the results ob—

tained from the use of that particular

fertilizer. Other farmer—s using exact-

ly the same fertilizer in a year beset

with unfavorable climatic conditions,

cold weather, an undue amount of

rainfall, etc., have concluded from the

results of their year’s work that the

use of commercial fertilizers is not jus-

tified. These are the conditions which

have made it exceedingly difficult to

get the farmers of the country accus-

tomed to the use, and satisfied that

the use, of commercial fertilizers is

worth while. Some of the other un-

known quantities which have affected

the farmer have been the varying

lsources of the element itself. Is the

gnitrogen contained in this fertiliZer de-

irived from nitrate of soda, is it derived

from sulphate of ammonia, from tank-

age, fish scrap, cottonseed meal, bone

meal, dried blood, green manure or or-

dinary barnyard manure? The value

of the nitrogen content of necessity

varies with the different compounds in

which it exists. We know, for instance,

that nitrogen of nitrate of soda, or

sulphate of ammonia is much more





 





 





mlquickly convertible than is the nitro-





with favorable climatic conditions, be '





Science.





lllllllfllflllfllllllllllllfllllg





gen of dried blood, or cottonseed meal,



or tankage, or bone meal. We also



know that the nitrogen of bone meal,

organic manures, probably fish scrap,

is more readily available than that of

cottonseed meal.



Water Soluble Comes First.



We give now precedence in availa-

bility to those forms of nitrogen com-

pounds which are simple and soluble

in water. There is little difference be-

tween the nitrogen of nitrate of soda.

and the nitrogen of sulphate of am-

monia although it is probable that .the

nitric nitrogen, or the nitrogen of the

nitrate, is more directly assimiliable

than is that of any other form. Those

types of nitrogen compounds which

are in their highest state of oxidation

more readily lend themselves undoubt-

edly to the office which they fulfill in

plant growth than do other nitrogen

compounds.



Second in Importance are the Easily

' Decomposed Compounds.



We take next in importance and next

in availability those forms of nitrogen

compounds which, because of their

structure may be more readily con-

verted into these soluble nitrogen com-

pounds such as dried blood, fish scrap,

tankuge, perhaps, and also, bone meal.

These are types of compounds which

readily decompose in the soil. In the

process of their decomposition the

nitrogen compounds are broken down

and presented in their simpler form,

either in the form of ammonia or in

the form of nitrates.



Finally we consider those compounds

which break down with difficulty, such

as the nitrogen existing in cottonseed

meal and in grains and mature crops.

Consequently farmers must learn that

in applying a nitrogen fertilizer to a

soil which needs attention in this re-

spect it makes a difference whether the

fertilizer which they buy and apply

contains its nitrogen in the form of

nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammo-

nia, or in the form of cottonseed meal

and those which give up their nitro-

gen much more slowly.



In the greenhouses and the vegeta-

ble garden where intensive plant cul-

ture is practiced we find the most suc-

cessful farmers to be using almost ex-

clusively fertilizers immediately avail-

able. Their problem is not one of

building up the soil structure particu-

larly, but assumes that the soil is in

the maximum state of fertility, and

their problem is actually feeding the

plants through the medium of the soil

which, in this instance, quite truly acts

merely as a convenient place for the

plant to stand and grow.



True, in addition to this, of course,

the soil is really a laboratory through

which extensive changes take place,

brought about through the presence of

the various administrative agents.

Soil and Crop Conditions Both Deter-



mine Kind of Fertilizer Needed.



If the farmer desires a. fertilizer in

order to build up the permanent pro-

ductive capacity of his soil he will not

use the nitrate of sod-.1; he will not use

sulphate of ammonia; he may use

tankage, fish scrap, bone meal, but he

is very certain to use all types of or-

ganic manures, such as cottonseed

meal, barnyard manures, clover, alfal-

fa and the like, that he can get at his

command. By their decomposition

these products promote other favora-

ble changes in the soil, such as the un-

locking of the phosphoric acid, the in

creasing ,of the supply of humus, and

the upbuilding permanently of the ni-

trogen in the soil.



Organic Materials Enhanced as Fertil-

izers by Passing through Animals.

It has always seemed to us like an



economic error to spread upon the soil



any manure which could be utilized

first through the medium of an animal.



Consequently we have not been able to





'= n ' nascent, 1911?:



see any logic in the use of cottonseed

meal as such in a flat t1lizer except, of

course, in cases where cottonseed meal





4-?- u





may be a drug, on the. market. CottOn-'





seed meal suffers 11o deterioration

which is not fully compensated for in

other directions in its passage through

the alimentary canal of an animal and

there is a decided gain through the

conversion of a portion of it at least

into a decidedly more marketable ma-

terial, beef or milk, as the case may

be. The undigested residue found in

the excrement of the animal is exactly

as good for fertilizing purpoSes as it

was originally and it has at the same

time been stepped up several points in

its availability. Not only this, but

while the permanent, productive capa-

city of the soil so far as its nitrogen

content is concerned, has been added

to, the immediate productive capacity

of that soil has been likewise greatly

improved because of the other soluble

end products of the animal, digestion

of the cottonseed meal, i. e., ammonia,

uric acid, etc. ’



We have intimated before that it is

a. decided mistake to consider a. fertil-

izer valuable solely from the stand-

point of the amount of the three proxi-

mate principles present. With com-

mercial fertilizers where a. great strug-

gle is made to secure these elements

in available form these remarks should

not apply because, of course, this pro-

duct is bought and sold solely accord-

ing to the percentage of nitrogen, phos-

phoric acid and potash which are pres-

ent, but in direct nitrogenous manures,

fertilizers which build up the perma-

nent productive capacity of the soil,

sometimes the very greatest benefit In-

curred from the use of such products

comes indirectly through the effect of

that fertilizer on other conditions ex-

isting in the soil.



There has never been devised satis-

factorily a workable scale which will

tell the value of the different fertilizers

to a soil. We have been able to devise

a scheme which would compare differ-

ent fertilizers from the standpoint of

the nitrogen or the potash, or the phos-

phoric acid which they contain, that is,

comparing the forms in which these

agents exist, but it has been very diffi-

cult to determine any other effect

which they may have upon the soil.

That seems to be an intangible propo-

sition, difficult to get at, and yet we

are absolutely certain of its relation-

ship.





CATALOG NOTICES.





 





The 1916 catalog of Ross Bros.’ 00.,

Worcester, Mass., is a large sized, 120-

page pamphlet listing a full line of

vegetable, grass and flower seeds, to-

gether with field and garden imple-

ments, etc. It is illustrated profusely

with half— tone 1eproductions of the

product of Ross seeds.



“What the Automobile will do for

you and your Fa111ily,”is the subject

matter of folders forwarded upon re-

quest by the Willys- Overland Co., To-

ledo, Ohio, to readeis of the Michigan

Farmer. In writing for same mention

the Michigan FarmeI.



“Aids to Bettel Dairying,” is the ti-

tle of a profusely illustrated catalog

published by the Lairowe Milling Co.,

Detroit, Mich. ——In it will be found a

,wide range of indispensible dairy

equipment.



The Hoosier Silo Roof, described as

the roof that ought to be on every silo,





.is fully illustrated and described in a





32- page pamphlet sent on request by

The Sheet Metal Specialty Co, Goshen,

Ind., manufacturers of these goods.

Many types of silos are shown equip-

ped with Hoosier ioofs.





Case machinery is fully illustrated

and described in a. large sized 94-page

catalog sent upon request by J. I. Case

Threshing Machine Co., Racine, Wis.

It lists this well—known company’s line

of threshing machinery, tractors, trac-

tor equipment, road machinery, auto-

mobiles, etc. Mention the Michigan

Farmer when writing for this hand-

some and complete catalog.



“Modern Irrigation for Farm and

Orchard’ is the title of a little book-

let sent upon request by Goulds Ma-

chinery Co., Seneca Falls, N. Y. It

gives valuable information on'irriga-

tion in general and illustrates the

method of installation and use of the

overhead sprinkling systems.





“





 





 





.._ hk’





‘ “VA-111M ”saw!“-
.._ We:





 





 





 





 





'» I llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllullllllllllllllg_

§





ers’ Clubs——





 





OF THE 3 A

ClATION or FARMERS’ cLuss.





 





President-12. J. Robb, Mason.



Vice-president—C. B. Scully, Almont.



Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S.

Brown, Howell.



Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; C.

T. Hainllne,Alma; W. K. Crafts, Grass

Lake; Edward Burke, St. Johns: Mrs.

C. J. Reed, Spring Arbor; Roy E.





Moore, Bellevue.





Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





 





Associations! Motto:



“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asset.”





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the





* soil the primal wealth of nations."





 





TAXATION VIEWS M ISUNDER-

STOOD.





 





To the Editor:—A correspondent,

writing to the Michigan Farmer con-

cerning the recent meeting of the Wise

Farmers’ Club at the home of Mr. and

Mrs. J. H. Wilson, in Clare, referred

to some remarks made by me on that

occasion, and said:



“He stated that the state tax did not

cut any figure in making the taxes

higher but it was the township and

county tax.”



I regret exceedingly that anyone

gained, from what I said, the impres-

sion which was made on the mind of

the correspondent. I never thought

that the state tax cuts no figure and I

certainly did not say so. My thought

was that most of us, when we consider

the question of high taxes, when we

are searching for the cause and for the

remedy, are apt to think only of state

taxes and to forget that there are oth-

er taxes which we have to pay. I had

before me my 1915 tax receipt, from

which it appears that the state tax in

Grant township last year was 12l/2 per

cent of the whole tax, the county tax

was 201/2 per cent and the township





‘taxes, including school and highway,





amounted to 67 per cent. This is ap-

proximately the relative proportion of

state, county and township taxes for a

nu'mber of years and shows that the

increase in one tax has kept pace with

the increase in all other taxes, the in-

crease in every case being far in ex-

cess of the increase in population. I

said that, in, my judgment, the tax

burden was getting to be heavier than

the people ought to be compelled to

bear and that it behooves us all to

strive to make the burden lighter

wherever possible. If, however, we

think only of one tax, which is 121/2

per cent of the burden, we are certain

to neglect our own interests by failing

to consider the remaining 871/3 per





cent of the load. The state tax does,

indeed, cut some figure, but, in dollars

and cents, the county tax cuts nearly

twice as much figure and the township

tax cuts five times as much. No one

of these constitutes the whole burden

of taxation but each demands our care-

ful consideration.



This is the thought I attempted to

bring out and I believe it is a thought

worth while.



D. E. ALWARD.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Discuss Preparedness.—VVashington

Center Farmers’ C ub held their March

meeting at “Highla (1 Home,” with Mr.

and Mrs. F. L. Cock. In the absence

of the president the forenoon session

was called to order by the vice-presi-

dent, Mrs. F. L. Cook. Reading of the

minutes was followed by miscellane-

ous business. The Club accepted the

invitation to be present at the Rally

Day held at the M. A. C. in August.

After a reading by Mrs. C. W. Curren,

the Club adj urned for dinner. The

meeting was hen called to order by

the president and members responded

to roll call by naming a noted college.





' .The question box then brought out





 





THE 'M-YI-CH‘IGAN FARMEK





some lively and interesting discussions

on, "How to beautify our homes;”

"How can the farmers’ wives receive

help?” “Have we a law to protect our





roads ?” “Should the United States pre-

pare for war?”





After listening to the

subjects on “Is a Normal graduate the

best teacher for a rural school?” and

“The benefits of Tiling," the Club ad-

journed to go home through a blinding

snow storm and to meet with Mr. and

Mrs. W. W. Metta the second Thurs-

gay in April.——Mrs. S. A. Crowel, Cor.

ec. '



An Institute Meeting.—-A very suc-

cessful institute was held at the Town

Hall by the Salem Farmers’ Club In

place of their regular February meet-

ing. Speaker Dean, who is himself a

practical and progressive farmer, gave

an instructive talk on “The care of the

Dairy Cow,” and “General Farm Man-

agement.” He emphasized the need of

care and feed for the dairy cow and a

record kept of every cow to get eco-

nomical results. On the subject it

farm management he said: "I believe

in education but it is not ‘how much

do you know?’ but ‘what can you do?’

and ‘when will you do it?’ We must

have efficiency and system on the farm

and run it on a business basis. “All

things come to the man who waits.’

But there is a rule that better. ‘Do it

yourself—and do it now!’ and you’ll

get there all the quicker.’ Try to

eliminate all the labor you can but

still get the work done. Don’t let the

horses stand idle in the winter; if

there is anything they can be doing.

Idle horses are capital without inter-

est. Always welcome the coming of

the county agricultural agent, he can

help you if you are willing to be help-

ed.” A general discussion followed. A

very interesting question box was con-

ducted by Mr. Preston, of Ypsilanti.

He also gave some interesting recita-

tions and talks. ' Music was furnished

by a male quartette from South Lyon,

and by a choir of girls. In the evening

the subject of our boys and girls was

given very helpfully. Mr. Daniel Smith

gave a select reading. The Club voted

to hold an institute next year. Robert

Ross was to act again as vice-president

of the county work. Club adjourned

with music—H. C. F., Reporter.





ln Retrospect—The Conway-Handy

Union Farmers’ Club met at the home

of Mr. and Mrs. Julian Carr for dinner

February 25. “The Life of the farmer

and the farmer’s wife of 1866,” by J.

B. Rambo, brought out many interesr-

ing facts of the day. Times were bet-

ter, more money in circulation, cheaper

help and better prices. Science began

doing much for the farmer about then

and gave them the reaper, mowing ma-

chine, single stitch sewing machine,

etc. The life of the farmer and farm-

er’s wife (if 1966, was beautifully proph—

esied by Mrs. S. R. Holmes. People of

today are trying to get out of work

and after fifty years will be experts.

Farmers of 1916 are far ahead of 1866,

and in 1966 will be even more so. They

will enjoy peace, temperance, Chris

tianity and all troubles settled with

pen instead of sword. Everything in-

doors and out will be on co-operative

plan, brought about by advanced edu-

cation, higher morality and keener bus-

iness methods. Electricity will be. the

mainspring of the day on the farm.

Eugenio laws in force. Liquor traffic

driven out and ballots cast by women‘

as well as men, making cleaner moral

lives. In fact, the object of the farmer

and his wife of 1966, will be to get the





.most out of life, with the least work





and money so that they might do more

for humanity.



Holds Annual Meeting.—-—The annual

meeting of the Grass Lake Farmers’

Club held Wednesday, March 8, at the

home of Mr. and Mrs. W. K. Crafts,

was well attended and proved to be one

of the most interesting and enthusias-

tic sessions in the history of the Club.

Shortly after 12:00 o’clock the mem-

bers and invited guests sat down to a

dfnner, such as only the good house-

wives of the Club know how to pre-

pare, to which everyone did ample jus-

tice. Following the dinner came the

annual election of officers, resulting as

follows: President, E. Hobart;

vice-president, Norman Davis; treas-

urer, W. A. Taylor; secretary, Mrs. H.

F. Updike; corresponding secretary,

Mrs. Edwin B. Hurd. The committees

to be appointed by the president will

be named later. A practical and very

excellent paper was read by W. K.

Crafts on “Tenant Farmers,” which

was followed by an informal discus-

sion in which a number of the farm

owners participated, bringing out many

interesting facts relating to the sub-

ject. Various other topics were taken

up pertaining to the future work of

the Club, in which much interest was

manifested, and when the hour for ad-

journment arrived the prevailing sen-

timent was that the coming year gives

promise of being the best the Club has

ever known since its organization 30

years ago, in real practical benefit to

the community—Mrs. Edwin B. Hurd,

Cor. Sec.





lWllllMfl





lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll‘llllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllfllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllfllflg I

E

a





Grange. __

WWIUIMW}





Our Motto;—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should

be first improved.” .





‘l





.___





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





Sixty-eight sat down to the table at

the first annual banquet of Benzonia

Grange at Benzonia on the evening of

March 7. ad there been more to sit

down the ble would not have been

long enough, as every seat was occu-

pied. The serving was by the high

school girls and the young men in the

Benzonia Academy. Following a five-

course menu came a. program prepared





 





 





by the lecturer of the Grange, E. H.‘





Brown, which brou t the rural prob-

lems up—to-date.



of Benzonia Grange, made the address

of welcome. The response was by one I

of the guests of the occasion. Farm-

ing in this Region Forty Years from

Now,” was considered by Martin

Trapp, of Loyalty Grange. Alfred H.

Upton, county commissioner of schools

for Benzie county, responded to the»

toast, “How the School Teacher can be I

Interested in Agricultural Club Work.” I

H. B. Woodward, president of the Gen

tral State Bank, discussed “How Banks

are Co-operating with the Farmer.”

“Club Projects for Boys,” and “Club

Projects for Girls,” were taken care of

by interested parties. John Betts, pres-

ident of the Farmers’ Institute Society,

spoke to the subject, “How the Farm-

ers’ Institute can Help the Farm Boy

and Gir .” The subject of “Co-opera-

tive Marketing” was covered by R. H.

Elsworth, of Traverse City. The peo-

ple of the Benzonia section of Michi-

gan are anxious to play a more import-

ant part in the great rural develop-

ment now taking place. and the pro-

gram was in the nature of an inven-

tory of their social and industrial re-

sources with the idea of mapping out

a course for future activity—R. H. Els-

worth.



Van Buren County Pomona Grange

met with Decatur Grange, Friday, Feb-

ruary 25. The forenoon session was

devoted to business, and the reports of

Subordinate Granges. Six Granges

were represented. Decatur leads in

having the largest number of members

and has just finished initiating a class

of fifteen.



At the afternoon session about 300

were in attendance. L. C. Root, of A1-

legan county, was present and was

called upon to explain the work of the

State Grange COntract System. Dur-

ing the past year the per cent received

from different firms having contracts

with our State Grange netted us $7,500.

Hon. John C. Ketcham, State Grange

Master, was the principal speaker of

the afternoon. He gave an explana-

tion of the unwritten work and after-

Wards spoke on the “Economic Situa-





 





tion of the People who Live on the: ‘_





Farm.” An evening meeting was held

at the Town Hall, with Supt. Wash-

burn of the Decatur Public School in

charge. Music was furnished by the

Glee Club and orchestra of the high

school. Prof. Washburn stated that D.

P. S. had stood for Decatur Public

Schools, but this year it means “Do

Push Some,” and asked all to co-oper-

ate in making it one of the best

schools in the county. Mr. J. C. Ketch-

am was then introduced and lectured

on "Federating Rural Forces,” speak-

ing on the Fraternal, Social, Educa-

tional-and Spiritual situations. This

was considered one of the best lec-

tures ever given in Decatur.





Emma Grange met February 12 with

a good attendance. E. G. Pray and

Mr. Vieweg were present in behalf of

the Dry Milk Company. After a dis-

cussion of that question the worthy

lecturer presented the following pro-

gram: Standard Grange Song; reci-

tation, Mary Krebs; song, Ila Stark-

weather; Song No. 93, Grange Melo-

dies, chorus; recitation, Rennie Sher-

man; recitation, May Vahs; recitation,

Vera Johnson; song. chorus; recita—

tion, Nahum Burnett; reading, Paul

Vahs; reading Sam Williams; song,

chorus. At the conclusion of the pro-

gram Brother George Cooley, the as-

sistant steward, brought forward Mr.

and Mrs. Charles Powers, who were

recently married, and seated them at

the front of the hall While attendants

brought in the many presents. Mr.

Pray, in his usual happy way, made a

few well chosen and appropriate re—

marks and presented the gifts. After

detectives had been at work and

brought out two other blushing couples

to assist the bride in unwrapping and

examining the gifts, all were invited

to the dining—room where refresh-

ments awaited them, the bridal table

being appropriately decorated in red

and white. Mr. and Mrs. Powers have

the honor of being the first couple to





. J. Pettitt, masterl





 





 





 

 

 





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1





 





.outh





 

 





KEEPS PERFECT TIME.





The Honest Face

of a Good Watch





 





Shake hands with this

fine timekeeper, built

especially for the men

who operate farms. This

watch is highest quality

throughout. It combines

life-time accuracy with the

most modern ideas of

beautiful design. Like

all other ‘





Watches





Model No. 217 is built for Service

as well u Handsome and Disting-

uished Appearance. Adjusted to

temperature and 3 poaitions,—this

watch. will time closely, day after

day,-Iyear after year. Prices 325

and up according to kind of case

—South Bend Watches can be

identified a! jewelers by the Purple

Ribbon which they wear.



Send for the FREE



68 page watch book.





South Bend Watch Co.

Owned by the Studebaker:





233 Studebaker Street

South Bend, Ind.





 

 

 





PM" WEE





   





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- _...._.,-4 - .





 





 

 





- because it is the best tile made.

' glazed and is frost and acid proof and is

everlasting. See your dealer or ask for





carload prices .





“ERICA" SEWER PIPE 60.. 200 SI. Jams SI.





Your Farm





By installing a "drain system that will

bring the soil to its greatest productivity-

and your drain should be laid of





American Vitrified Tile





JACKSON. MICK





 





It is salt





   





   





 

   

 

   





   

 





 





 





receive a shower in the new hall.”





\\\\\llllI/////





YES. that's just what we

mean.





away 364 Ponies to 2%?

and Girls—eve one

solutely free. f

to know all about it—why

we _have given

Pomes away—to whom

we have given them—-

why we are some to

give away several more-

and how you Will stand

the same chance to get

one of these Free Ponies

as any other Boy or

Girl sendm

The Big

tells the. whole story





I/ \\ -.

WI/mmumm\\\\\\\“\\





We have ‘ ven





you want.





our name.

ony Book
' 446—30

BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.





Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us

Ten Days before date of publication.





SPECIAL NOTICE





Registered Holstein Females for

Sale."





Our resent farm being more valuable

for rea estate than dairy farming, we

are oing to dispose of ifty females—

most y heifers and young cows. Some

are sired by the reat bull “Pledge

Spoffard Calamity aul” and many are

in calf to him. We offer in this sale



randdau hters of Pontiac Korndyke,



engerve (1 De Kol, Pontiac Butter





Bojy, etc.

hey are priced to sell. Absolutely

no tuberculosis in herd.

An opportunit not often offered to

, buy this kind. arm at foot of West

Genesee Street and City Limits.





. ESPANORE FARM

LANSING - . MICHIGAN





CHASE S. Osnonx

wner

ADAM E. F sucrsox O s





 





 





CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





ERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.

TROJAN - ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS only.

Also breeders of Percheron, Hackney and Saddle





Borneo.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





ABERDEEN ANGUS





 





If you are in need of nnextrn good bull or a few choice ‘





y‘oung cows or heifers. we have them for Sale. ()ur

erd is headed by the Grand Champion Black

Monarch 3rd. We invite you to conic to our Farm arr:

see then). 'i‘hcy are. bred right and priced right. 1'. L.

Clark, Hunters Creek, Mich. Sidney Smith, Mgr.





 





Four younc bulls also young

Aberdeen Angus cows and heifers. lfixtra good.





Priced rascnablc. inquire F. J. Wilber, Clio. Mich.





 





‘(lli SALE—H Anguslmllsii months and older. in-

cluding our lit-rd inlll. Also :1 l‘cw cows and licii‘crs.

Geo. Hathaway & Son, Ovid, Mich.





 





two registered bulls. Iii months

‘IJGIIIGGII ‘ngus, 01d, gm“ ruuw, for quick sillt‘,

price $110. WILSON “ROS" Luke Ann. Mich.





Hz '1 if“ i r ll 1

Aberdeen Angus “3.3.gangsta?“ "1‘





LUI'IS FORUMS, it. 7, (irand Rapids, Michigan.





 





‘YBSHIREs—One of the foremost dairy breeds. The

most economical milk roducers. Calves

for sale. White Leghorn cookers s: Duroc Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint.Michignn.





 





THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE.





 





MILO p. CAMPBELL (THAS. JIANGEVINE





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





0r Abortion





We arc offering a number of fine Registered cows

for sale. some of these cows have finished their

A. it. text and others soon will with records from

4tlitoti‘201bs. of fat in one _vcar.\\'e also have ilcg.

Bull calves from _\.l{.cow.< for sale, also one iiull

old enough for service whose, Dani’s record is





over 620 lbs. of fat as a 4%. year old.





CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE





Coldwater, Michigan.





For Sale at Farmers Prices:





Choice Guernsey Bull calves sired by “Langwater

Witchestor" he by (Langwater Advocate 6r Langwater

Daisy) and from excellent Dams, having A. It. records

of 422 (R 412 lbs. of B. F. as heifers. . Write or call at





”Sweet Orchard Farm" Birmingham, Mich.

GUERNSEYS





Containing blood of world chameélon .

HICKS” OUER SEY FARM. Saginaw. . 8.. Mich.





No Tuberculosis





 





 





 





. Bull (Yalves for sale, May

Registered Guernsey Rose breeding. Address

Clint Bishop. Watervlict, Mich.





 





VONDALE Guernsey bulls all sold. Sorry to dis-

. appoint those wishing our-stock. Only registered

bull calvesleft. Avonduie Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich.





of service age and calves from

Guernsey BIIIIS choice. Adv. reg. breeding.

T. V. HICKS, Route l, Battle Ceeek, Mich.





 





Six months old A. R. breeding.

Also a good Collie dog.

Watervliet. Mich.





Guernsey Buii Cal

gG.A.WIGENT.





Guernso





calves. Geo. N.





 





for sale from A. R. dams.

‘ 1 2-yr.~old bull and 3 hull

rowford. Holton. Mich.





 





F0" :‘lE Reg. Guernsey bull calves. dams running

in a. I. now. Cheap now, write

JOHN EBELS. HOLLAND. MICH. R. No. 10.





T Parmerl' Prices Registered Guernsey Bull calves from

A33. dams and dams being tested. If Interested write for

photo. breeding and price. Byers & Parnes. Coldwa‘er. Mich.





 





GUERNSEY Bull old enough for light service. afow

, good bull calves—all out of a Son Pauline Spottswood—A.R.0.

7M1“. tot—prices reasonabloJ. M.Willlsms,North Adams. Mich.



, i





:THE MICHIGAN “FARMER __ ,

Duroc Jersey Boars and Saws





' BROOKWATERS’ WINNING COMBINATION





Boot Blood Linoo.





Individual M orit.





This In our record. one which we shall maintain. Choice fall and spring pigs and mature stock. Send for '





Priooo that will make you money.





our new circular and state your wants. Write or better come. If you wish one of the best young Jersey bulls





in Michigan we have him for sale.





Brookwater Farm, Swine Dept, Ann Arbor, Mich.





HOLSTEIN BREEDERS, ATTENTION!





We Finished 7 Day Records for 6 in February.





No. I, 4 years. Milk 458.8; Butter 20.26 lbs.

2. 7 years, Milk 586.7; Butter 30.08 lbs.

3, 4 years. Milk 386.9; Butter 20.46 lbs





The Record: Were :





No. 4. 4 years, Milk 554.5; Butter 26.65 lbs.

5. 5 years. Milk 583.9: Butter 27.58 lbs.

6, 4 years, Milk 420.8; Butter 14.62 lbs.





Our herd sire is ason of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke and Friend Hengervcld DeKol Butter Boy (World





record series). Every cow in herd has A. R. 0. record. 5 Bulls ready for service.





Get our booklet.





LONG BEACH FARM, Augusta, Mich.





 





Herefords—3 Bull Calves

ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW. MICH





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Service.





From a grand daughter of The King of tho

Pontiacl. Sired by a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the

World. and whose dam is a 30 lb. 6% 5 fat dau hter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke who has more lb.

daughters than any other living bull. If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.

FOR SALE





SOME VERY FINE YOUNG BULLS .

Whose sires have as high as 81 lbs. of butter behind

them. As they are young, will make a lowpprice on

them. BIGELOW’S OLS'I‘EIN ARMS.



BREEDSVILLE. MICE.





HATCH HERD





YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN





liegistered Holstein-Friesian sires, grandson's of

World's greatest dairy sire. out of choice A It. 0.

dams and King Pontiac Jewel Korndyke; Brother of

K‘. P. Pontiac Lass 44.15; average record of 50 dams in

his pedigree 31.2.0 in 7 days: average per cent of fat

three nearest dams 4.37: of his own dam 4.93. Sires in

first three generations already have over 600 A. R. 0.

daughters.

reasonable.





KalamazoiimState Hospital offers

young bulls ready for service





Sircd by Wolverine,Hengerveld, Cornu-

copia from A. R. O. cows. A number

of calves are also offered. Write for

prices. Address





IIOWARI) II. BUCKIIOUT. Steward





OLSTEIN Bull Calf: Born Nov. 8th. A nice indi-

vidual.wcll grown, about evenly marked. His dam

and Sire'sdnm have A.R.0. records that average Butter

7 rlsy's2i.h1i lbs. Milk 563 lbs. W. B. READER. Howell, Mich.





 





 





 





few females bred to “King". Prices





 





 





Big Holstein Bull 2 yr. old. Good breedin .

For sale: Iicg. bulls and heifers 10 mos. old. g

Ferd. J. Lnnge. Sebewulng. Mich.





 





. ' i All from A. R. 0. Dams. Semi-of-

Iil'lOIGB “OISIBIII BIIiIs- yearly records'720lhs. butter inJr.

4yr. old class to over 1000 lbs. in mature class Breeding:Cross

“King of the Pontiacs" and tho “Dennnick blood." Cherry

Creek Stock Farm. Hilliards, Hit-h. M. E. Parmeloc, Proprietor.





 





The All-Around

is the farmer’scow. She's his

Jersey fricndand pride—the beauti-

ful,gentle,ever-paying milk machine that lifts

the mortgage, builds up the fertility of the

farm, and puts the whole business on a sound,

paying, ermanentbasis. She ada tsherself

to all c imates and all feeds an does not

need fancy care. She matures early and

lives long. And she’s so sleek,clean cut and

handsome, as to be the family pet and

. pride. She produces well

’ . . and sells well. Learn





about her in our fine, free

book,“About ersey Cat-

tle." Write or it now.





THE AMERICAN JERSEY

CA'I'I'LE CLUB C

346 Wut23d 8L. NJ. City





 





 





   





I have started thousands of breeders on the road

to success. I have ovary large and fine herd. Ev-

ery one an early developer, ready for market at six

months old. I want to place one hog in each com-

munity to advertise my herd.





G. 3. BENJAIIN R. No. 10I Portlond. "lohlolu





 





 





 





 





' ' Y bred. our)

press prepaid J. H. BANGHART. sing, Mich

' . Lon ty 1e prolific kind. Orders

chCSICI “IIIIOS. bookgd fair sprin pigtfi Write our

wants. Meadow View Stock Farm, 0 olland, ich.





 





UROC JERSEYS. We still have for sale six



choice young boars and fourteen choice young sows



due to furrow last of April and early May, bred toMichi-



an Masterpiece, No. 52835, Orion (‘hief Perfection



0. 68945 and Jenning’s Pilot Wonder. No. 73373.

Prices very reasonable. Semi for copy of pedigree._



THE JENNINO’S FARMS. R. F. D. l. bailey, Mich.





liiiiiilii JERSEY IUIRS stir“ '“Sirié’i‘ifib‘éé‘i’gé





i

not akin. W. C. TAYLOR? Milan. Michigan.





 





—Fall and s rin ignoither sex. from

limo Jerseys chore. “Juana. .BTABLMAN.

CHERRY LAWN FARM. bhephord. Michigan,





1- W. KEEIEY. Erie. Mich. n§ééfi“.§°.§r‘ iifiofsii‘ii’fi

D. M. &T.local from Monroe or Toledo, Keeney Stop.





 





 





 





 





Grade Jersey llerd For Sale





FORTY COWS





The result of twenty years careful breedi and

selection. are now offered for sale. Individua milk

records have always been kept and are open for in-

spection. ' If interested write for articulate and if



ossible Visit and examine the her and their record.



el'lvery Will be made at any time desired during the

norm or early summer. A few registered Jerseys also

for sa 9. Address Geo. A. True, Armada, Mich.





HE WILDWOQD Jersey Herd. Registered Jersey

Cattle. of Quality. Fortyhead 'l'uberculin tested

Majesty‘s Wonder 90717 heads the. herd. His daughters

are producing from .100 to 500le. butter in one year as

two yearoldheifers, and are bred to M ajesty‘s Oxford

Fox 13i21-l aclassy Grandson of Oxford Msjesty which

combines type and production. Alvin Balden,Capac.lich.





APLELane li. of M. Jersey Herd. Tuberculin tested

by the U. S. Government. For sale bulls, cows.

bull calves and heifer calves. Thelnwest record of any

mature cow of this strain is 553 lbs. of 85% butter.

IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.





 





 





from high-producing dams.with



.I'Ise’ 8“": hr sale testing Aseo. records. also on



semi-official test. 0. B. We ner. R. 6. Allegan. Mich

' ' AlOms. id. 1‘ .



HIIISIde Farm Jerse s of‘feredofor0 salsa.O 1|):le igra milling:



cow with record of 546 bs. of butter as a 3 yr. old. Hz, is a



fine individual Price right. C. 6: 0. Desire, Ypsilanti, lIiclI.





I I

23 Registered Tubarculln fifiiéfliifr‘ifingfiffiaféi’

HERMAN HARMS. Reese. Michigan.

FOR SALE—3 ' ' '

nope Farm Jerseys. ...n..2......2.:i‘.'é;¥“~

Geo. C. BORCK, Grand Haven, Mich





 





 





HERD of

Hoisteins.

32.94 lbs. of





ALFALFADAL





Contains aged c o w s producing

butter in 7days: lyr. olrls producing 31.76: 3 yr.

olds producing 26.37 and Zyr. olris 25 69 all officially

tested. Sons and brothers of these high tcstin ' cows

for saic. (jec. H. Gillespie & Son, Mason, ich.





 





or to rent after June a ,% brother to n 3011).

For sale jr, 4 yr. old Holstein. ti ncarcst dams all

have rccords above 20 lb. 28 nearest sires and dams





all havc A. it. 0. daughters.

M. Redford, Mich.





L. McLaulin.

‘ Bull Calv .

1 Have Holstein Bulls, m... 1 gang: 0.3}:

I can show breeding. records. individuality and ammo-

tive prices. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette, Ohio.





“T0 P N 0T C ll ” llolsteins





By careful retention. for many years, of largest: in).

ducing females. and use of superior sires. a. bree ing

herd of wonderful quality has been established. We

are selling young bulls of thiH“’l Ol’ N()'.I‘(‘H"quality.

of serviceable age, at moderate. prices. Information

pedigrees,ctc.. on application. McI’HEIiSON FARMS

00.. Howell, Aimignn.





FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





ready for service. and bull calves. also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell, Michigan.





 





 





 





EGIS’I‘I‘IRED'HOLS’J‘FJN BULL, 5 months old. 2

nearest dams average 26 lbs. of butter and (H7 lbs.

of milk in 7 days. Mostly whitc. grand individual.

$100. delivered safe arrival guaranteed. \Vrite for

pedigree and photo. HOBART W. FAY, Mason, Mich.





 





REG. Holstein Bull 5 mo. old. Dam 23.73 Butter dam of

Flint Burtnisca Pauline 5.96 milk. 28.51 Butterin7

days at 2 years. Priced right. John A. Rinke,Warren.Mlch.





 





FOR Sale—Registered Holsteins. ’Ono heifer 10 mos.

old,also 3bullsfrorn‘3to'lmos. old. sired bv a. 1’!) lb.

Bull. Wm. GRIFFIN. a. No. 5, Howell. Mich.





A B A R G A l N ——A beautifulpurobred

l l 't 1 ' fourl yioar old Holstein



cow, near y w ll 9. goor Size. an ar e c ' t

milker, bred to freshen this fall. ‘ g p rsis ant

G O. D. CLARKE. VASSAR. MICH.





 





 





' 5mos.old. Dam mad .546" ._ ' k

iicg. Holsiam BIIII,18.46 in... butter 7 52;... ’“xi‘ééiy

marked and well grown. E. 1!. Cornell, Howell, Mich.



H d

Only $25 Delivered: caii‘. “‘ylmfifiié’é‘eéi‘é’“ié

lb. butter bull. Dam, heavy milker. Thorougbred. not,

registered. Bougemont Forms. Detroit. Mich.





. Holstein-Friesian Heif

gparland Garmgyouag bulls. Ohoicest Jeri-59.133:

— sensible prices. Ypsilanti, Mich.





75 BUYS registered Holstein-Friesian bulls

ready for service. Best of breeding and go

individuals, B. B. REAVEY. Akron, Mich.





 





 





My entire herd of hi h ade Hot

FIJI. sale Cows and Heifers Alsrg) angel. Reg. 3-yrsmold

Percheron stud colt or will trade for Reg. Holstein

cows. Arthur N. Birkholz. New Buffalo. Mich.





4 Reg. Holstein bulls. o to 13 m . ‘

For 83510 Also a few reg. females. Song: gill!

freshen soon. Prank Steffen. ll, 8. Box 88. How-rd City. Mich





 





Lillie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.

of II we. also heifer calves and several bred





| heifers for solo. Colon o. Lillie, Ooopomlllo. moh-





 





For “Beef and Milk"

Registered b u] l s,

Scotch - topped roans,

reds and white for sale.

Farm at N.Y.C. Depot;

also D. T. & I. R'y.



Addms G.li.$chrador Mgr.

BIDWELI. STOCK I-‘ARII

Box 8. Tecumseh. Mich.





 





BIDWELL S





 

 





. a?» 3’33

Albion Stamp 352670





Shor‘t‘llorn Cattle of both Sex for Sale





. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





A l. Sale Mar. lst. 1916. 25 head shorthorns.7 males,

III: IOII at“Locust" on . . R. between Almont. a

Imley City. WARNER BROS. Almont. Mich.





Bulls old enou h forservice. Golden

Two Shorihorn Wyandotte Coc erels.Collie puppies

8. G. BELCHER. R. No. 5, Hudson. Michigan.





3 Choice Shorthorn Bulls For Sale





II. B. PETERS. Garland. Mich.





HORTHORN Cows and two year old Heifers and

yearling Heifers. for sale. From good families

E. It. IIAWLY N SONS. Stnckbridzc. l‘lichigan, R.F.D. 3.





AIliY Bred Shorthorns of best Bates strains. Two

extra line yearling heifers for Sale. Price $ .00

each, registered. J. Ii.Hun1mel, Mason, Michigan.

OR Sale—12 Reg. Short Horn Bulls by Maxwalton

FMonarch 2nd,a. son of Avondale, fromf) to 9 mos.old

John Schmidt, Reed City, R. No. 5.. Michigan





I) ll dDurhams for Sale, 8young cows and heifers

0 . bred, 18 mo. to5 years. Prices right. Write for

them. 1.. C. KELLY. Plymouth. Michigan





Loads feeders and two load yearling steers. Also

2can show you any number 1, 2 and 3 years old from

600 to 1200 lbs. Isaac Shanstum. Fairfleld. Iowa. R-8





I‘IOOS.





' —Fine October i 'both

iioyaiion Brad Berkshlm mew“... b, as”...

Emperor, registered with papers at fair prices. Write

to D. F. Valentine, Supt., Temperance. Michigan.





of best breeding.of Various ages.either

BerkShires sex, all registered stock. no akin,

s ciai reduced price. Write your wants quick. .

. itchell's LakesideFarms. 11.2. Bloomingdale. Mich.





BERKSHIRES Bred iits and sows‘due to far-row





in April and May. Pr ced to move quick as crowded

for room. Chase‘s Stock Farm. Mariette, Michigan R.l.





SW IGARTDALE FARM





BREEDEns 0F

HOLS'I'EINS AND BERKSHIRES





Stock for sale at all times. Berkshires of unsurpassed

quality and breeding, at reasonable prices, A choice

bullcalf, nicely marked, five months old. sire's dam

with record or over 27 pounds. Dam of calf a grand

daughter of Hengerveld De Kol, Price $50.00.





Swigartdale Farm. Petersburg, Mich.





' Ihave one nice fall Gilt to 0 at once

MSI’III‘CS notbred. and 2sows bred tog far-row in

April and May. A.A. Pattu llo. Deckervflle, Mich.



' Bows bredto larr0w in April. Best.

Icrlrsinra Hus... breeding. Maple p1... Farms

C. s. BARTLETT, Propr. Pontiac, Michigan





CIICSIel‘ WIlIICS 32%“? $3E§3F§3133i§°i§§ff

F. W. Alexander. Vassar. Michigan. .





 





 





 





DUROO JERSEY £T£?..f°d“n5".‘.‘dn§ 53.35.8635





No.72975. Inspection invite d. i). n. Haydeni~erk.wiwinnd,nich.





DUROC JERSEYS, a. few bred gilts for May furrow.



fall boars. ready for service, also open gilts, Re-

gistered Holstein bull calf from high testing cows and

evenly marked. F. J. DROD'l‘, Route 1, Monroe, Mich.





 





n Jerseys for sale- —a few choice fall pigs of either

III'OG sex. Fancy Buff Rock cockerels. JOHN

McNICOLL. Station A. Route 4. Bay City. Mich.





 





—Se t. pigs either sex dz Holstein bull

IIIII'IIC 13”? calves & 2 Registered Holstein cows.

E. H. MOR MONR





IS, r s. MICH.

1 .

DUROC JERSEY Eggisriiidpi‘égseiilfi‘.’ 3.9%?





sale. Wm.W. Kennedy. R. [3, Grass Lake. Mich.





DUROG JERSEYS—211.33.393.53





Cite! U. Edmondl. Hastings, Michigan.





.. B ed

Heavy iionari Dames A “.33. Alinfirlés‘iior scam”





I". A. BRAY. OKEMOS, (Inghlm C0..) Mich.





S' J no Gilts bred for June

liuroc Jerseys also; pa... 525.00. we...

1601bs, tolSO lbs. 11. G. Keesler. B. No. 5. Cass-

opolls. Michigan.





.3 ' funeral

Sioclr For Sala—Iil Ages





Im- nio Salli-Ii





-m-m-«u—am-





 





 





0. I. C. BREI) Gil/IS, £§i§...i°é‘."5. 15’3””





J.CARL JEWETT. Mason, Mich.





 





O l C SPRING BOARS of good type and

o o - Red Polied bul calves.

John Berner and Son. Grand Ledge. Mich.





II I c choice serviceable boars, bred guts forAprlland

. . oMay furrow; Fail pigs not akin. Write for low





prices and photo. A. V. Butt. Grass Lake. Mich





’ All sold except one Jul boar'

0- I. C S. and a. few Oct. pigs):





C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





Th h f th bl

Way Broihers Siock Farm. .031, 03%? {£03. $.00:

for sale. Registered free. J. R. Way. ThreeRivei—s, Mich.





- Gilts bred f r M (l

0. II c. all“: IIII' 3EIVICB. June fan-ow? 1 313'}ng

express. G. P. ANDREWS. Dansvflle, Mich.





o I c Bows and Gilts for' Spring furrow

o I I a] 80 .

H. W. MANN. Donsville. Michigan.





0. l. C. Strictly Big Type





Sows & Gilts bred for March & April fart-ow all sold.

Also fall boars. Have two extra good July boars and

One May boar for sale and 'l hrec July gilts and three

Sept. gilts right good ones. Address.



Newman's Stock Harm. IV arlette, Mich. R. l.





IG TYPE 0. I C.'s. and Chester Whites. S ecial

prices on all boars and fall pigs either sex hese



any sired by Abo 2nd, this boar sired our unbeaten

breeders young herd at every state fair we showed this

year. other sires are Wonder Boy, White Hall and Allen,

this boar was junior champion at Wis. State Fair last.

year. Now Mr. Buyer our pigs are all sired from

champions. our price is no higher than other breeders

and the Express (to. charges just the same for a poor

pig as it does for a good one. Get our catalog and see

where the good ones are. We are booking for Spring

pigs sired by Sch ooimaster, the highest priced boar of

the breed and fiieltinies G.Champirn. We Reg. Free and ship

0. D. Rolling View Stock Farms, Cass City, Mich.





' I Attractive prices on fail i s

“DENIM" 0' l' c s- and last spring gilts. All fgogn

large litters. Elmer E. Smith. Redford. Mich.





 





 





 





 





n I c, 20 bred cows for role. ll last April gilts averaged 270

n I s'lstan. 10.1916. They are a very growthy lot. Have

someway gilts and last fall yearlingl,alsc a few service boar-

;nd plenty of last. fall pigs. Otto B. Schulzo. Nashville. Mich.





o l 6 Choice gilts bred. for April and May farrow.

- I 0 Also last full page of excellent uality.

A. J. BARKER. Belmont. Michigan. R. .N . I.





 





 





00 '0 Co SC’PIember DI 8’ 3:3 ISIBX-Boldgred

E. B. MILET , owlerville, Michigan.





0. I. C. SWINE thaficgflerlii‘i





strictly O. I. 0. ty bredto furrow theforepart of sy.

also fall pigs r co ri ht. Stock registered in pur-

chaser’s name rec of c e. A J.Gorden. n.2, Domlich.





0. I. C. Choice Boar: massacre“;

in fees. JULIAN P. OLAX'rd’NY n. 8. Flint, Mich,





0. I. 61:8. Elli. Pi“, EiliiEIi SEX. 3323:3335





. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Hlohlxon.





Breeders’ unwary—Continued on page 447.





 





 





 

   





 





/

a: “A





 





. . .0... ...~.~...v
2: «~43;





 





. — w*-_~.~“r





 





 





 





 





 





MARCH 25, 1916.





EHORSBS ‘





0F SIMMONS FOR SALE





PEMHEHOIS. GLIDESIIIES and HICKIEIS





Also 20 head] of Choice Hackney

mares with foal.





Gentlemen I got on my selling clothes.





Write for prices.





JOHN CRAWFORD

Colby Ranch, Stanton, Mich.





DUNHAMS

Peroherons





l-‘or Filly Years The Best





Send lor line Photographic

Catalogue.





D u n h a m 5,

Wayne, anage County, Illinois





Percheron Stallions





 





 

 

 

 





 





Sixteen Head For Sale





No salesman need apply we deal

direct and give terms to responsible





parties.





A. A. Palmer, Estate,

(11.11.) Orleans. (P. o.) Balm. Mien.





‘20 Head olPeroneron .20





Stallions and lens I





of high (111.11%on y bred. some of them b

the Great .000 Champion Carnot (66 666.

All reoo in P. S A. Studbook. If you are in

need of agood Stallion or mare, come and see us.





We‘c can suit £011 in both quality and price.

Lillllllis SONS, it!) ..llo 4. Napoleon OIIII.





Registered Percherons





2113 two year old Percheron Stall





 





and 1 lbs. Priced to sell. Inspection invited.

L. (3.3 HUNT, Baton Mould Michigan.

shim, Dorm





Percherons, llolslelns. “Q. ,Sliro





D0 RR D. RUE LL. mll‘a. lchl an.





H;

One reletered Percheron stallion three



For b—Saleyr k;brown also Oneol two reg-



istered Percheron mares. Wm Graham. 11,1. Adelch.





"R 'orstoredl’

FOR SALE“ 6 “LII-“Ill!“ .trmat‘elllon flag:





i not.

pectign igvlma' L.K ING t SON. Chagrlwlt_e.nloh:





Registered Percheron_ Stu

FOP Sale: coltloldedln June 1915. a





E. J. Aldrich. Tekonsha. Mich" R. No.1 Bell Phone.





03 SALE. A Choice Bred Block Percheron Stallion com-

ing three years old. Weight 1811116.. neg. in American Per-





chemo lPho-e. Dull McKi v. lbion. MI(..Il R4

tered Percheron Stallions cl i

For Sindhi-es six. black and grey,. Wilsel 0m forng





thelrvalueif sold soon T. I'LL L.ovo R. 3. Howell Mich





LOESER BROS.





We have 100 head of Belgian and .Per-

cheron Stallions and maresm Im rted and

home bred. We have sold redhorses

in Michigan for the last years,and have





the right kind, and at the nihtprice. We H





can supply anynulnberofwo horses, both

geldings and mares. Get in touch with us.





HGONIER. INDIANA.





/.





Williflllfllmflfllflllflfllflflflflflllfllfllllflmg





Veterinary.





lamenlnnnmnnmonnnnnnnnnnn





 





 





Chronic Garget.-—I have a six-year-

old cow which had what we called a

form of garget about three months be-

fore she came in. One hind quarter of

bag swelled up and we could get no

milk from it. We used a milking tube

and had treatment from a local Vet.

who said very likely when she came

fresh she would be all right again. She

came in about a week ago and I can

only get about a cupful from that quar-

ter. It is swelled a little and the teat

feels as though there was something

about the size of a lead pencil in it. N.

P., Belding, Mich. —When the writer is

told of some new remedy that has been

discovered that will clear out a. block-

ed udder and restore it to its normal

condition, or by discontinuing to strip

a cow that has suffered from chronic

garget, and that she will get well by

leaving her alone, it makes me smile.

You will obtain fairly good results by

applying iodine ointment and plenty of

gentle hand-rubbing, but it is doubtful

if your cow will ever get well. By giv-

ing 1 dr. doses of iodide potassium it

will have a tendency to clear out her





g.



Anemia—I have a heifer. calf six

months old that is not doing well and

her h01ns and teeth are loose. A. M.

N., Muskegon, Mich. —Increase her

grain ration and give 20 grs. of ground

nux vomica, 60 grs. of ground gentian

and 60 grs. of powdered cinchona at a

dose three times a day.



Sore Eye—Some two months ago

my seven-year-old mare commenced to

have trouble in one eye and ever since

the eyelids have rmained swollen and

now she is inclined to keep eye closed.

L. H. B., Washington, Mich—Dissolve

40 grs. of boric acid and 40 grs. of bor-

ate of soda in one-quarter pint of clean

boiled water and apply some of this 10-

tion to sore eyes twice a day. Also ap-

ply one part extract witch hazel and

four parts water once or twice a day.



Sore Mouth—One of. my yearlings

commenced to slaver some time ago

and a few days ago I noticed another

one of my herd slavering and I would

like to know what can be done for

them. F. K., Carsonville, Mich—As

your cattle show no other symptoms of

sickness and are eating their feed and

thriving, you need not have any fear

of this ailment proving fatal. The two

with sore mouth have picked up some

irritating food or drugs which is mak-

ing the mouth sore. Dissolve 1 oz. of

alum in a quart of cold water and wash

out mouth a few times a. day. Or, dis-

solve an ounce of borax in a pint of

water and use this, instead of the alum

solution.



Soreness.~—I have a. seven~year-old

mare that is lame on right fore-quar-

ter. One Vet. claimed the trouble was

just above hoof, but there is no swell-

ing or soreness, but she stumbles on

both fore legs. C. A. L., Lincoln, Lake,

Mich—From the symptoms you give I

am unable to locate the lameness.



Acute Indigestion—I have a calf





several times bloated badly and if not

promptly treated I thought perhaps it

might die. Please tell me what causes

it and what remedy to use. ’1‘. J., Ada,

Mich—Certain kinds of food are apt to

cause bloating, therefore, you had bet-

,ter feed carefully and about the least

expensive remedy you can give is hy-

posulphite of soda in two or three

ounce doses, and don’t hesitate to use

the trocar and canula if you believe

the calf in danger of dying.



Grease Heel of a Chronic Nature.~—

I have a four—year-old gelding that has

had grease heel since last fall and he

has been treated by our local Vet. ever

since, without showing much improve-

ment. E. W., W'illiamston, Mich._—

Your Vet. has perhaps treated your

horse properly. Clip off hair and oc-

casionally apply tincture of iodine or

dissolve 1 oz. of permanganate of pot~

ash in a quart of water and paint sores

every day or two. Give 1A) oz. of Dono-

van’s solution of arsenic at a dose in

feed three times a day. The sores

should occasionally be dusted with one

part iodoform and seven parts boracic

acid. It is perhaps needless for me to

say that a case of this kind never does

Well unless the horse is kept in a clean

stable and has good care.



Brood Mare and Lymphangitis. -—My

12- year-old brood mare, which is in

foal, had a bad attack of lymphangitis

some two months ago and some three

weeks later quite a portion of the hair

sloughed off, but the swelling has most-

ly disappeared. Our local Vet. tells me

that her blood is in bad condition. J.

B., Freeport, Mich. —Dissolve one

part bichloride of mercury in 1, 500

parts water and wet swollen leg twice

a day Feed her some roots. Give her

1 dr. potassium iodide at a dose twice

a day. She should have exercise daily





 





CONDUCTED BY w. c. FAIR, v. s.





that is nearly a year old which has,





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMFR





31—447





 





l'iONORBlL





on the feet from the first day

time.

all styles to suit every taste.





WARNING. Always

look for the Mayer

name and trade mark

on the sole. If your

dealer cannot supply

you, write to us.





We make Mayer Honorbilt Shoes in

all styles for men, women, children;

Dry-80: wet weather shoe-fluorine

Washington Comfort Shoes.

F. Mayor Boot & Shoe Co. .9

Milwaukee





c. s. rmuws. W W





Sensitive feet get quick

relief. Wear Mayer Honor-

bilt Cushion Shoes.

quilted soles take up the





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The





 





Easy

and all the





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”WWW Solld can



, SolMOaklamml Insole Tanned omsue

3 lemurkfillint mmmwumw





PREVENT BURNS





This Dollar .

,. Bottle containing 2;;

' Enough for 25

elves Sent on '

80 m





M“! This Safe Easy Remedy /





Don' t let your calves grow horns. They are

not only useless, but dangerous and if sawed é

cut off when the animal is growing. usually cost





from $5 to $10 in loss of growth flesh and milk

and sometimes the loan of an animal.





CORONA Man...





' will do the work surely, easily and safely. Just apply ‘3.





I ' it on the spot when the





nsstartand nqmnuum





20 Days’ Free Trlal At My Risk





Send no money—just write me you want to try Corona





Horn Prove ntive at





my risk. 1'” send you the dollar





bottle (enough for 26 calves) 110 try for so day s. At

the end of 20 days when ““youl are satisfied of its value—send me





only 81





segmentn In

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We also make GOIOIA MFG. CO. 300liorona Block

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Corona Wool Fat.





 





me so, I'll take u





If t. to

M‘ Send today. Addre so





"Corona Horn

Preventive works

fine. "— C. E. —- Casan-





 





FOR SALE.1 REE-”i”? £23323. Edging





mareSyrs. oidlni'oal: Psirli eMares

5 and 6 yrs. old one in foal. ‘

MICE. AGR. COLLEGE,





JACKS

AND

MULES





gniaefimulles and get rich. 200

o :1 no a

and 111111815“?ej to l'l limo

hig Large registered jacks

and draft stallions cheap now.

ll ill trade forsheep. cattle or

Imrs( :1. Vi 1 itc forpé‘ioestoday.

Stm‘ k 21mm Addre

KREKLER’ S JACK FARM





East Lon-ing. \l lch.





 





 





West Elkton . Ohio





 





OVER STOCKED, MUST SELL.





FOR SALE :—Slx colts coming three year old. four colts

coming two year old. and three yearlmgs, six Jersey

cows; three being registered; [our boilers. three. two

year old one yearling registered bull; one extra nice

pair of bay colts. '1 his stock may be seen at tthcrnes

F.11rm (‘ lhase Road. one mile north 0! Michigan Avenue.



. l‘EKNES FARM 1730 Michigan Avenue,

Detroit Michigan, Walnut 2091.





 





FUR SAT. E 2 Belgian Stallions one imporit dIO \ r-sold

bax . weight 210’.) lbs, colts to show one registered

homo bn d ( oming 4 yrs. old, wr ight 2211) lbs Both

outstanding good ones. sure foal tters. Would 4 011-

1' an exchange of one of them or another Belgian

equally as good. Osr- 111' W’olf St. I nuis. Mi< higan.





 





F GIST ERIE 1) P11 RC “1‘ RON STALLION for sale

at bargain W rite for Pcdegrec and breeding.

F. I) Nl(‘ IIOIS Hmmr Mlcl1.,R I) No.1





 





 





HOGS





 





5 Berkshire soWs and 3 Roars five mos.

For Sale old at $15.0091uh. 1 fine Turkey Gob-

ler 87. 00. Geo. D. Clarke, Vassz 1r Mich





 





Boars at Half Price

We stilllhave a few big boned big typo Poland China

boars ready for Serv-ir e.w1 hing up to (’50 lbs notfat

at 3‘2!) dz $2.3 cm h. Register -re in buyer 's name Also

reiaistenrc black Peroiu- mm Stallion." \ r arsold $250. (I).



ER. Portland, Mich.. Bell Phone.





90158 .

For Sale Poland China: fill}? 23341215 ignites:

P.D. Long. R. F. D. .8. Grand Rapids. ich.





 





Poland Chinas. Fall and Summer Figs.

"93'! awed Saws Bred. F [21-1 from hiani red Rm ks

$1.00 for 15. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.





 





()LAND Chinas—B and medium hpc.(1ilts bred

to bi hale: hO' 11's for Apiil l 'irrow. Fall )igs either

sex. Barnes & Son, Byron, lchl gun.





lG hpr l’nlnnd (‘hinas‘Wostt 1'n bred. long bodied

extra large bone. [min or trios not akin. VI 9

Pete r Mnuw, H. F (4911mm (1‘ 1nd (loo. Marshall brood?

Ing. Call or write.W.Bie“ix-1ker or Sons, Elsie. Michigan,





 





EGIS’I‘ EREI) Poland (Thins Spring Hours and So“

t 315 each. Making thisspcciai price to make room '

for others. A. C. . Meade. Stanton. Mich..(.‘.olbys Ranch.





 





good spring boars. u‘ed by Big Defender.





tar Tvpc P. C. Saws & Gilts all sold. Have 3 extra

W.%' BAGEL HAW. Augusta. Michigan.





 





B o n 0 Poland China





Sou-s. hrui for spring furrow. Few choice

males r1 adx for an rvico. Also M. B. Turkeys

Maplewood Stock Farm. Allegan, Mich.





Large Yorkshires ““383





September 2sp1'1' borirs. Prices 11 sonabi

w. 0315“ Route “No. 1. ADA.MICI-llGAlél





Brno





 





 





Yorkshires Gills





For March 41 April farrowing For Sale.

Waterman & Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





' S " ll

larg. YorkSIllre “111em';(iy afgsufieligl, 1:01]. Bulls

E. S. CARR. 11.0MER MICHIGAN.





 





 





v





GROWTHY THE DISEASE

PROLIFIC ”MULEFOOT” nesnsr.

PROFITABLE HOG mo





W1: ARE NOW BOOKING onozns ron SPRING PIC.





THE CAHlLL FARMS

KALAMAZOO - - - - MICHIGAN





 





 





 





POLAND GHINAS





Flom our thousand pound (‘ mud (‘ hampion Boar

and Big Stretchy Sows of best breeding. Spring

Boers at a bargain. Bred Hilts and Brood Sum.





lillerest Farm, Kalamazoo, Mich.





f . .

POUND lilllll ”“33 ”i331$7.23,“Elagliilefi.¥.“l.liis





 





H nmpshi r0 Swine. the great 11' nature hog. My hi rd 1 on-

iains the blood of some of the greatest champion..-

of tilt bret d. Headed by a son of the Great book (lul'



Bred so“ 5 and hours all sold Bookingorders for springpigs. Can

supply pairs andtrios notaki11.Goo.E.Starr Grasshke,Mich





~Nothing for sale but Apr. Boers.

“infill”. "023 Takinfiorders forspring ligs. “’rite

)011rwants.JohnW Spy ('1, St. Johns, R. 1'0. 4. Mich.





 





 





Pl 5 of both scx. Bred Sows Service

Hampshire Swine. lgoars “n rileior n... Priceto





 





 





 





 





sell. FLOYD MYERS, R.No. .Decatur. Ind.

anteed. 0LTON, Kalamazoo. Michigan.

mu.“ cmloo‘s Gilts oi the big type. bred for SHEEP.

DA rll and May iarrow

A. A.W SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





afew choice boars of spring and



I-II‘EE Shall. P cIearly summer furrow. Achoioe lot



of spring Gilts bred for spring furrow sired by Big

Defender the boat that every body goes uild over.

E. .SW ARTZ. Schoolcrnft. Mich lzan.





 





[Mam I ”K P c Glitz and sows. Baird for)” Mar. and





EDI:

Motnes. 110:: Jr. .ahd Giant Defender. Bred to Big

Knox Jr. Smooth Wonder 3 and Big Jumbo. tour great-

est been in state. Come or write. W. E. Livingston. Penna, Mich.





Kope K011 Farms





SHROPSHIRES and DUROCS. KINDEIIOOK. llCli

no stock for sale





0xlord Down Sheep p. .1, present

M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Mich icon





LOICUSIIfl— Yearlin£ and ram lam patron Champion

flock of humb of Mich. b‘Alolo select Berk-

shire swine. Elmhumt Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.
488-32 .





Indigestion—Contagious Scours.—I

would like to know what is the matter

with my calves; they are thin in flesh,

bowels too loose and sometimes their

passages are watery. They eat well

but are weak. Have been feeding them;

warm milk from the separator, four

quarts at a time, with a. cup of oatmeal

gruel three times a day; they also

have clover hay to eat. I might add

that I lost two some two weeks ago,

and I believe two more will die. One

year ago we had trouble of the same

kind and lost some of our very best

calves. R. J. P., Lake, Mich.——I am in-

clined to believe that your cow stable

and calf pen should be thoroughly

cleaned and disinfected,’ and unless

this is done you will find it trouble-

some to get rid of the infection Wthh

is causing the death of your calves.

You will find fresh made lime wash

very effective; besides, shower and

sprinkled floors and stalls with one

part bichloride of mercury and 1,000

parts of water; or one part coal tar

disinfectant and 24 parts water. The

feeding utensils must be cleaned thor-

oughly and kept clean. Give each calf

enough castor oil to clear out bowels.

Give each calf 10 grs. of salol at.a

dose three times a day and be partlc-

ular about their food supply.



Lice.—I wish you would let me know

how to take lice off horses. A. R.,

Farmington, Mich—Clip your horses

and apply one part coal-tar disinfectant

and 29 parts water. If you have a

warm stable you might select a warm

day and wash them with this solution

occasionally before clipping.



Indigestion—I have a cow that came

fresh last week that is not giving

enough milk for her calf. I feed her

hay and cornstalks and she also has

some bran and middlings. J. C. J.,

Kalamazoo, Mich—Give your cow

more nutritious feed. Also give her

1 oz. of cooking soda, 1 oz. of ground

gentian and 1 oz. of powdered charcoal

at a dose in feed three times a day.



Enlarged Liver—Tuberculosis of the

Liver.——Quite a number of my fowls

have died and about all the symptoms

they show is dullness and loss of tip

petite, which is followed by great

weakness and death. After death I

find that the liver is large and had

quite a number of little white boils. E.

N. S., Gagetown, Mich—Your poultry

suffer from tuberculosis and it is per-

haps caused by feeding them milk from

cows that have tuberculosis, or their

digging in excrement passed by the

cows; therefore, no treatment will do

them any good. Apply one part kero-

sene and two parts vaseline to the

fowls that have scaly legs, two or

three times a week.



Unthrifty Horse—I have a six—year-

old gelding that does not thrive; appe-

tite is good, but he don’t flesh up; he

seems to tire easily. Am feeding him

four quarts of ground oats and corn

three times a day; his teeth are in

good shape. W. R. D., Port Huron,

Mich—Increase his feed, mix together

equal parts by weight of powdered sul-

phate iron, ground nux vomica, pow-

dered fenugreek, cooking soda, ground

gentian and ground cinchona and give

him a tablespoont‘ul at a dose in feed

three times a day.



Shy Breeder—Fresh Air for Cows—

Nasal Catarrh.—-I have 22 acres of

land, am keeping four cows and a

pony team, and also have a few hogs.

Would you advise me to build a silo,

and if so what size? One of my cows

lost her calf two weeks after service

and I believe has aborted twice dur-

ing the winter. Is it. best to keep cows

in stable all the time or to turn them

out on pleasant days? I have a few

pigs that came last August that are not

thriving; they have trouble in their



ose and throat. J. W. S., Lapeer,



ich.—-lf I were you, should not go to y

the expense of building a silo until}

you have more use for one, and I do;

not believe that your cow aborts, but, F

of course, she does not get with calf. [

Dissolve 2 ozs. of cooking soda in three

pints of tepid water and wash out va-

gina twice a week, and treat her four

hours before she is mated. Turn your

cows out for exercise during pleasant

weather and be sure that they are well

supplied with fresh air while they are

in the stable. Keep your pigs in a dry

warm, clean pen first is well supplied

with straw and giv , them some cook~

ing soda and ginger in each feed.



Worms—We have quite a number of

pigs that were farrowed November 1,

which will weight about 50 lbs., but

thrived until they were weaned; since

then they are humped up and not do-

ing well. M. J. M., Rushton, Mich.—

Mix together equal parts ginger, gen—

tian and charcoal and give each pig

3. half teaspoonful at a dose in feed

twice a day. If you believe any one of

them is very wormy, give it a half tea-

spoonful of fluid extract spigelia and

a teaspoonful of fluid extract senna

once a day for a few days.





 





 





llliflllllllllllllmllmlllmmmmmmmflmmmmmlmummmmmmmllllll"llllflllllflllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllfllm





 





H 3 WI w: it” My; ,:





':'t:ti!m.!5um





mitt: 4

. , ‘37 \





wtwiltirt‘ 352259!





windiest:





Ht!





l





.i' z 1 Hi ' .llllultmmrwmw m llliilllltll H“ mun It'll;-

Gold Dollars for Common Sense-—





HE minute you, as a dairyman, realize what STAR

BARN EQUIPMENT ofi'ers, “common sense” will tell

. you to install it—quiElz. And the “gold dollars" your

mvestment yields are a year-in, year-out, never-ceasing div-

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ones—will not only tell you but prove positively that STAR

BARN EQUIPMENT means better milk—it means more

milk-insures a healthier herd—and on top of it all—divides

barn labor by two.





Now certainly any kind of modern barn equipment is

better than none. But—some makes are better than others.

On that basrs we ask you to make your own comparison be-





tween other kinds and— ’ I! W p ‘

STA ‘ iée' S'té'k.

alter Carriers





Stancliiofi





“he





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Basic patents make STAR features exclusive with our goods.





\





If





 





"mun





Adjustable to fit necks of all animals.





HARVESTER HAY CARRIER ahead of other types.





remodel your old one.





Write us today.





Stanc/zz'o ns, Litter Carriers,





 





Biggest in size and value. Roller

Bearing and built for heavy duty. Ask

your dealer or write us for details.





fllflllflflllllllllllflllllflflllfllfllfllfll ill! WM HIHH





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HIHH





Plenty Of Water For Your Dairy





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house. More milk and healthier stock. Makes the dairy

pay. Our experts will help you select the right pump

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FOR wear SERVICE





will furnish you plenty of water under pres-

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Plan now for sanitary plumbing in

bathroom, kitchen and laundry.

Write today. AddressDept. M.





The Goulds Mfg. Co.

Main Office and Works:

Seneca Falls, N. Y.

Branches .'



Chicago Philadelphia

Boston New York

Pittsburgh

Houston \



Atlanta





it



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.3}. it





THE GOULD: ”’6. CO.

gtnfirn rALLa N". 0 3.4,





 





Indigestion.———I have a filly that is 10

months old that gnaws feed box too

much. W. H., Kingsley, Mich—Give

her a teaspoonful of cooking soda in.

each feed.





 





Clover Timoth





PURE FIELD SEED





. Alsike, Alfalfa and all kinds of PURE





SEED CORN AND GARDEN SEEDS





FIELD SEED direct from producer to consumer;‘ Your name and address 1 hrin you our catalog.

freefrmn n” noxious weeds. Ask for samples. More and Better Seeds for t. e money.

A. 0. HOYT J: 00.. Box M. FOSTORIA. omo, J. BUCKINGHAM, Seedsman, BELLEVUE. OHIO





*THE' MICHIGAN FA‘RM'E'RT -





ing templets or anchors.





STAR STE



STALLS are built in our factory, not in your barn. Made and sold on the Unit SystE;

--Arched Construction insures strength and cleanliness—Alignment Device lines all an-

imals straight at the gutter—the Star Curb Clamp does away with the use of temple‘ts

and anchors. Equipped with the wood-lined GIANT STAR STANCHION—strongest

made—With quiet Double Chain Hanging—One Hand Lock and Automatic Sure Stop—

STAR LITTER AND FEED CARRIERS are

the last word in eflicient labor-saving devices—Roller Bearing—Double Lock Tub—

Swinging Boom keeps barnyard clear. 'Way





FR E E a . . N

P L A N 3

Let us help you design your new ham or





Out Drafting Depart-

ment is at your service and Blue prints are free.





In writing state whether interested in Stalls,

Hay





Star Goods Sold I)! Egg Dealers Eveflhere

HUNT, HELM, FERRIS & CO.





 

 

 





W.





   





 

 





 





Curb; Clamp

' (lawman)



OU can now finish your



curb with the rest of your



concrete work without us-





 





   





   





The new Star Curb Clamp

sets the stall where you want it

without fuss or bother. “Sixty

seconds sets a stall" firm as a

rock. In the same length of time

you can remove it.



This is a revolution in time sav-

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as regular equipment. Exclusive

With us.





 

   

   

   

   

 

 





 





 





 

 





Write for

Literature

—n 159 pa . IoInsel

illustrated go of vainz

able barn data if you

write, mentioning the

number of cows you

keep.whether you intend

to!) dor remodel your

and when. Also .

mention what you are





 

 





   

   

   

 





lntu-ested in Utter-Car-

‘ria-s, Hay Tools, Barn

H rs. and





 

 

 





oor ange we ‘

will include catalog of some.





Tools. ,





HARVARD. ILL. '3:—





.11..” I nummnnnummm





Light un





SiIberzlgfin





For thirty year. the King of Ensllace Cutter:—

has many improvements tor 1916. Low down

frame makes reodln easy. All-oboe] triple

frame heavily brace . Safety device makes

accidents impossible. Malleable knife heads.

Automatic force teed saves one man's time.



w 5 ed six-arm blower. Independent con-

trol o blower and cutter head speed. Revers-





lblo feed rollers. Write for new catalog.

60M lm. Mix. to“ 154 lulu 8L. Hui Ind. Ila.

Box 154-222 Horton Ave., Grand Rapids,





Michigan





 





 





Three sizes, 6 to 18 H. P., direct drive

to main cutterhcad shaft, 2% in. in

diameter, powerful 6-blade fan on same

shaft. Emcry wheelattached.



Sold on trial





RDSENTHAL





SILO F'LLERS Backcdbyguaran-





tee. Write forjree



Farmer’s account



and record book

, also catalog.





BOSENTIIM. 80"

HUSKEI co.





 





Box 2

Milwaukee. Wis.





 





Geode That Grow





others give.

Catalogue Free.





 





more for your

money t: h a In

Special prices on garden peas per Bu.

Aliens Seed House, Geneva, Ohio.





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