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PUBLISH

The Olnly Weekly Agricultural,

'VOL. CXLV. No. 15

Whole Number 3883 _

Horticultural,

 

and Live Stock Journal in the State.

 

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1916

50 CENTS A YEAR.

82 FOR 5 YEARS.

ceding Alfalfa with 21 Grain Drill

By C. H. BRAMBLE.

M Y first experience in growing a1-,

falfa, ten years ago,'was not a
success, due to the fact that I

did not inoculate the seed or the soil. -1-
secured a good stand of alfalfa on ten,

acres of ground that was in a high state
of cultivation. On parts of the field
the alfalfa seemed to thrive and inves-
tigation showed plenty of nodules up-
on the roots.

yellow and refused to grow. Investiga-
tion showed there were no nodules on
the roots of the plants. That the .lack
of growth on part of the field was due
to lack of inoculation was proved by
the fact that two years later I planted
this field with corn for two years in
succession, then reseeded to alfalfa.
The following spring, without plowing
the field this time, I secured a perfect
stand and a splendid growth upon all
parts of the field. On careful exami-
nation I found plenty of nodules upon
the plants in all parts of the field. The
thorough cultivation for two years had
scattered the inoculatioKto all parts
of the field.

My next experience in growing al-
falfa was seven years ago and was a
complete success. The following is
the way I treated this field: The land
was a heavy clay loam with clay sub-
soil, properly drained. This soil and
subsoil had a large per cent of lime.
This field prior to sowing alfalfa was
planted to Corn two years in succes-
sion with a liberal application of ma-
nure before each plowing. The third
year the field was plowed early in the
spring and thoroughly worked each
week until June 15. This resulted in a
firm seed bed with a fine surface
mulch of at least two inches. To se-
cure the inoculation for this field I
went to my old alfalfa field that was
thoroughly inoculated and took seven
or eight bushels of surface soil, sifting
the same through a quarter-inch-mesh
sieve. This I mixed with an equal
amount of a 1:8:2 fertilizer. This
made it possible to sow the mixture
With a fertilizer drill. The earth alone
was too moist to be drilled. This mix-

On other parts of the.
field the plants did not thrive, looked.

ture I put in fertilizer sacks and han-
dled the same as fertilizer. My fer-
tilizer drill had an attachment to run
the grass seed from the grass seed
hopper into thehose of the drill. I
set the seeder to sow six pounds of a1-
falfa seed to the acre, and 300 pounds
of fertilizer. I then drilled the field
the same as I would drill in oats or
barley. In this way I put the alfalfa
seed, fertilizer and inoculated soil in-
to the ground together, depositing it
on the firm seed bed, which was moist

ing in the field. The second picture
shows the first crop of alfalfa on the
above described field .ready to be
drawn, with at least three tons of
cured hay per acre. I am satisfied we
clip alfalfa entirely too much the first
year. During the first year we desire
to grow as large a root system as pos-
sible and this cannot be done without
a good growth of leaf and branch. If
it is necessary to clip the new seeding
in order to destroy weeds it should be
done only when the buds have started

 

 

From a Photo of Drilled Alfalfa Taken Three Weeks After Sowing.

the seed being covered at least one to
one and one-half inches deep.

It was very dry at this season of the
year and fortunately for me no rain
fell for ten days. The result was that
the alfalfa came up in six days. In
three weeks’ time it was from three to
four inches high. The accompanying
picture was taken of this field just
three weeks from the day it was
sowed.

I did not clip this field the first sea
son as it was fairly free from weeds.
It went into the winter at least one to
one and one-half tons of alfalfa stami-

upon the crown of the plant. If clip-
ped before this time it will injure the
alfalfa nearly as much as it will the
weeds. 1 have followed the practice
of drilling in alfalfa with the inoculat-
ed soil and fertilizer for several years
with universal success.

The following conditions 1 consider
necessary to successful alfalfa culture:

First, a large amount of humus in
the soil.

Second, plenty of lime in the soil.

Third, a good, hard seed bed, result-

ing from thorough cultivation, and soil

properly drained.

n_WW . ._.

Fourth drilling in good seed with
inoculated soil.

Fifth, do not clip the first season un-
less absolutely necessary to destroy
weeds.

Lenawee Co. C. H. BRAMBLE;

 

An Unfavorable Experience with
Drilling.

Several years ago when the writer
was industriously trying to solve. the
problem of successful alfalfa culture
on his own farm, a field had been pre-
pared for midsummer seeding. This
land was fertilized with stable manure
and plowed rather late in the spring

,after the spring crops had been plant-

ed and time could be taken for this
work. Unusually dry weather during
June and July did not afford any fay-
orable time to sow the seed by broad-
casting and harrowing same in, by
which method we had intended to sow
it. By repeated harrowings all the
weeds had been killed and a fine seed
bed prepared. There was sufficient
moisture to insure the germination of
the seed if it was sown at the ordinary
depth of drilling grain, and after
waiting in vain for a good shower to
produce favorable surface conditions
for seeding, we finally concluded to
take a chance on drilling the seed at
a sufficient depth to insure its germi-
nation.

An ordinary grain drill was Used for
this purpose, with the hose pipes from
the grass seeder run into the drill
hoes. The seed was drilled about one
and one-half inches deep, and the soil
was not rolled after drilling. The seed
sprouted nicely, but unfortunately for
our experiment a shower occurred
three or four days after the seed was
sown and just before the plants reach-
ed the surface. This shower was just
sufficient to form a crust. over the sur-
face, and was rapidly evaporated, leav-
ing the ground as dry as before, but
covered with a crust so hard that the
great majority of the young plants did
not succeed in breaking their way
through same. Probably a light har-

((‘ontinued on page 483).

 

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482—2

The Michigan Farmer

Established 1843. Copyright 1916.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.

Editors and Proprietors.

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if. H. HOUGHTON -------------------------- Business Manager

 

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Enterd as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.
postoflice.

_ DETROIT},.A.,PRIE82.4.9“)

CURRENT COMMENT.

 

The range of profitable
investments for farm-
ers is exceedingly broad,
but among this large
class of investments those which will
prove most profitable and should first
be made, are such as will tend to in‘
crease the producing power of the
land or the earning capacity of the
owner. Of this more limited class of
investments, those which will increase
the producing power of the land itself
should properly come first. Land which
needs better drainage for the produc-
tion of maximum crops should be tile-
drained; land which is in poor mechan-
ical condition or low in available fer-
tility should be stimulated by the addi-
tion of humus and plant food. A prac-
tical and prosperous farmer was re-
cently heard to remark that these con-
stituted the expenditures or invest-
ments for which any farmer is war-
ranted in borrowing money, no matter
what his present resources or financial
condition may be.

An investment which is very nearly
in this class is the purchase of good
seed which, excepting only the factors
of soil drainage and soil fertility
has a greater influence upon the crop
than any other one factor which can
be provided with so small an invest‘
ment. There are very many other
things which fall in the same class,
such as labor-saving equipment, imple-
ments designed to facilitate the best
care of growing crops, etc. As above
noted, when these primary needs are
supplied, good investments for farmers
,are almost unlimited, and may include
anything from comforts and conven-
iences in the home to so-called luxur-
it‘s for the enjoyment of the family.
All these things will be more quickly
possible however for the man who
realizes the importance of making
needed investments which will in-
crease the producing power of his land
or his own earning power as a. farmer.

t

Profitable In-
vestments.

At a market con-
ference of agricul-
tural publishers
and business men held in Detroit last
week, special consideration was given
to the marketing of manufactured pro-
ducts to the farm trade. Of the many
personal experiences given, that con-
tributed by Mr. Moon, a notably suc-
cessful merchant in a small Indiana
town of only 300 inhabitants locat-
ed about ten miles from the Michigan
line, was the most remarkable.

Mr. Moon has succeeded in building
up a trade of $60,000 per annum among
the farmers of his community. He has
accomplished this by intelligent mer-
chandising in which general and local
advertising has been a prominent fac-
tor. Mr. Mooh expressed a strong
preference for\"‘t‘he selling of known

Advertising Costs.

  
    

THEAMCHioA

goods or goods which are nationally-
advertised and have a general reputa-
tion among users forquality.

While most of his remarks were di-
rected to the business men present,
telling them things which they ought
to know, in order to market their pro-
ducts successfully in rural communi-
ties, he touched briefly on things that
farmers ought to know with regard to
the manufacture and sale of the goods
which they purchase. One of the chief
things which he stated farmers ought
to know which they did not generally
understand, is that the purchaser of
known goods 01‘ nationally advertised
articles, does not pay the cost of ad-
vertising. He emphasized this by giv-
ing his own experience in having re-
duced his selling cost from something
like 22 per cent to around 14 per cent,
with an annually increased expenditure
of more than $1,500 for advertising.
Mr. Moon explained to the satisfaction
of his hearers that the increased de-
mand for goods of merit which result-
ed from making them generally known
through judicious advertising cam-
paigns, reduces .selling costs by an
amount which not only pays for the
advertising, but makes it a profitable
investment for both manufacturer and
distributor.

This opinion of‘ a remarkably suc-

cessful country merchant, who must
have given exceptional service to the
people of his community to have built
up such a large business, will be profit-
able food for thought for every reader
who has labored under the delusion
that advertising cost is added to the
price of the goods purchased, since
there is no doubt that judicious adver-
tising of meritorious articles ultimate-
ly reduces rather than increases sell~
ing costs.
In the last, issue what
is designed to be a.
general and thorough
discussion of the milk
inspection problem from all angles was
opened by the publication of a talk on
same. given by Hon. George B. Horton
at the Lenawee County Round-up Farms
ers’ Institute. That issue also contain-
ed an editorial Comment setting forth
the reasons why this subject has not
previously been opened for general dis-
cussion in our columns, the reasons
for opening it at this time, and the
broad basis upon which same will be
conducted in an effort to aid the dairy-
men of the state in arriving at an in-
telligent conclusion as to what their
future attitude should be, and what ac—
tion they should take in the matter,
both individually and collectively.

In another column of this issue ap-
pears the flrst article of the continued
discussion of this topic by the' editor
of our Practical Science Department,
who needs no introduction to our read-
ers, and no recommendation as to his
competence to write with the author-
ity of both technical and experimental
knowledge on this most important
question. We bespeak for all of the
articles which will appear in our col-
umns upon this subject a careful read-
ing by every subscriber who is inter-
ested in the business of dairying, to
the end that the greatest possible ben-
efit may accrue to the dairy farmers
of the state from a full and frank re-
view of the arguments pro and con as
seen from every angle by leaders who
are interested both in the advancement
of dairy farming in Michigan and the
safeguarding of the public health.

Your Attention,
Mr. Dairyman.

After a long campaign
Limiting the with that object in View
Parcel Post. a fairly adequate parcel

post has been establish-
ed in this country, and within its nat-
ural limitations has operated greatly
to the satisfaction and profit of the
people of the county, particularly the
residents of rural communities, to
whom it is an exceedingly great con-
venience.

When the present parcel post was
established, the weight limit for pack-
ages which could be transported was
made comparatively low, but power

NIFARMER'

was vested in the post office depart-
ment to increase the weight limit of
packages which might be transported
by parcel post as might, in the. opinion
of the postmaster-general, seem desir-
able. Two such increases in weight
limit have been made until the weight
limit of parcel post packages at the
present time is fifty pounds. _

Since the enactment of the present
parcel post law, satisfaction with its
operation has been so general that no
attempt has been-made to directly
alter its provisions. An attempt is,
however, being made in congress to
take from the post office department.
the power now vested in the postmas-
ter-general to further increase the
Weight limit of parcel post packages.
This provision is in the form of a rider
so-called, incorporated in the general
post ofiice appropriation act in the
form of a proviso that no parcel post
package shall exceed fifty pounds in
weight, which is attached to the clause
of Section 16 of the above mentioned
act relating to the parcel post service.

What disposition will be made of
this proviso by the committees of con-
gress having same under consideration
cannot, of course, be foretold. As a.
matter of precaution it would be well
for all Michigan Farmer readers who
are interested in the further develop
ment of the parcel post service as con-
ditions may seem to warrant to write
their representative in congress and
the United States senators from Mich-
igan urging them to use their vote and
influence against this so-called Mad-
den amendment to the post office ap-
propriation act, which seeks to limit
such development of the parcel post
service in the manner above noted.

The benefit to the
roads derived from a
seasonable u s c o f
the split log drag or any of its large
family of near relatives in the line of
road leveling implements has been so
long urged upon the public, both from
the institute platform and through the
press as to make further comment
along this line seem superfluous, yet
in only a comparatively few rural com-
munities has road dragging contribut-
ed anything like the benefit which
might be derived from it. The weather
conditions which-have prevailed dur-
ing recent weeks have been such as
to make the roads bad everywhere and
almost impassable in many places. The
fine spring days which followed the
breakup have cause the rapid thawing
of the remaining frozen ground and
promise an early settling of the soil.

The judicious use of the road drag
at just this time will be of great ben-
efit to the ordinary earth road. It will
aid in the rapid drying up of the sur-
face and the rapid removal of surface
water from the spring rains, so that
good hard smooth roads will be en‘
joyed weeks sooner than would be the
case if such dragging were not prac-
ticed. In addition to this the roads
will remain hard and smooth through
the summer in places where deep mud
holes would prevail during the wet
season.

Highway officials should everywhere
avail themselves of the Opportunity to
improve the earth roads by dragging
at just the right time this spring. If
they do not voluntarily discharge this
duty, it should be urged upon them by
interested citizens who have acquaint-
ed themselves with the benefits to be
derived from the judicious use of the
road drag at this season of the year.

Road Dragging.

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

 

Foreign.

The European Wan—There was re
newed interest in the attack on Ver-
dun last week. German forces were
successful in capturing Malancourt
west of the Meuse river, and Vaux
east of that stream. These successes
have added to the advantage of the
German positions and should aid them
in the attacks on other Verdun forts.
Efforts against the French line in the
Champagne sector were not so suc-
cessful. Along" the remainder of the
western front, engagements reported

7‘

APRIL ,3, 1916.

have been small and of secondary im-
portance. The positién of the forces
on' the eastern front remains as a.
week ago. Russian successes in. Asia
Minor, where they are systematically
forcing the Turks back from a long
line reaching from the Black Sea into
Persia, are being looked upon with ad.
ditional interest because of the suc-
cess' of British boats in reducing the
forts protecting the harbor of Smyrna.
British forces have now ‘practically
completed the conquest of German
East Africa, which is the last of Ger-
many’s colonies. Zeppelin attacks were
made on London and other cities last
week, and a number of persons are re-
ported killed or injured. One of the
Zeppelins was wrecked and forced to
descend in the Thames river east of
London. ' ‘

Mexican Affairs—The United States
troops are continuing their pursuit of
Gen. Villa into Mexican territory. Last
week they had a skirmish with the
bandits in which Villa himself was
wounded and several participants kill-
ed. Villa escaped, however, and the
race to capture him' before he reaches
the recesses of the Sierra Madra moun-
tains is now on. The United States
has been granted the use of certain
Mexican railroads for supplying the
troops now engaged on Mexican soil.
The two aviators recently reported as
m1ssing have returned after a severe
struggle in a storm. Gen. Diaz has land—
ed in southern Mexico and is organiz-
ing an army for the purpose of attacks
ing Carranza’s forces. The provisional
government has issued a mandate
threatening merchants in Mexico City
and nearby places for charging exorbi-
tant prices for foodstuffs.

Chinese affairs are considerably dis‘
turbed by the political crisis resulting
from a general lack of confidence in
the central government. A short while
ago arrangements by a representative
body to change the present constitu-
tional government to a monarchy were
completed, but these have recently
been thwarted through the refusal of
President Yuan Shi-Kai to accept the
role of emperor. He states it is im-
possible to do this, by reason of his
oath to support the constitution. Last
week (ThangAChow-Fu, one of the larg-
est. cities of China. declared its inde-
pendence of the present government.
To maintain peace Chinese officials re-
quested an American warship to be
sent to the district. This was done
and marines landed to protect foreign
interests. "

The Russian government has de-
creed that Jewish hostages from Gali-
cian cities must be sent to Siberia,
while. other Jewish people from that
country may choose places of resi-
dence anywhere outside the sphere of
military operations.

Reports circulated that American
Ambassador Gerard to Germany in-
tended to resign, have been denied in
a public communication in which the
ambassador states that he feels it a
duty to remain at his post until the
close of the war.

National. .

James B. Angeli, president emeritus
of the University of Michigan, died at
his home on the campus last Saturday
at the age of 86. For a generation Dr.
Angell was one of the leading educat-
ors in the country. He was president

of the U. of. M. from 1871 to 1909, be?

fore which'he was at the head of the
University of Vermont. In the diplo-
matic service of the country he has
been a prominent personality, having
succesfully negotiated treaties with
China in 1880-1881, and with England
on the Canadian fisheries in 1887. He
was chairman of the Canadian-Ameri-
can deep 'waterway’s commission in
1896 and minister to Turkey in 1896-
1897. 1

Startling disclosures were made last.
week when Hans Tauscher, husband of
the famous opera singer, Mme. Johan—
na Gadski, was arrested by agents of
the United States department of jus-
tice on a federal warrant charging him
with being concerned in a conspiracy
to blow up the Welland Canal in Can-
ada on September 14, 1914.

The failure of proper signalling of
trains either through the impairment
of the signal system or improper ad-
justment, resulted in a rear end col-
lision at Amherst, Ohio, in which 24
persons were killed and 40 more or
less seriously injured.

As the result of a strike by milk
producers, who are dissatisfied with
low prices offered by Chicago milk dis-
the low prices offered by the milk dis-
tributors, fully 500,000 quarts of milk
are being fed daily to stock on Illinois
farms. The distributors have a. sur-
plus on hand which will satisfy_the
trade for a. few days, after which it IS
expected that there will bee shortage
of milk in that city.

Two youthful Battle Creek aviators
narrowly escaped death while flying
in an improvised biplane near that
city. The accident was due 'to a fail-
ure to properly adjust the machine to
the weight of the two passengers. .

l

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APRIL 8, 1916.

HE failure of the clover crop us-
ually means that something is
wrong with the soil or method
of seeding. Lack of success is gener-
ally due to some feature under control
of the man who, more than likely, was
unfamiliar with the habits and char-
acteristics of the crop.
A Germination Test is Important.

My experience with clover seed
prompts me to give a little advice to
those who contemplate seeding a large
acreage. A few years ago we bought
five bushels of clover seed of a re-
sponsible dealer and submitted sam-
ples to the experiment station for fur-
ther examination. The two samples
showed less than 60 per cent of germ-
inable seed. It is needless to say we
returned the seed to the dealer, who
in turn sent it back to the seed house
and received a new supply. Seed
should be sold on a guaranteed test as
to germination and adulteration. Two
years ago we seeded 20 acres with
seed of high germination test and
prime quality. Although a severe
drouth cut down the stand on many
fields in this section, our crop made a
good stand in the wheat and oat stub-
ble. We use amicroscope to examine
the seed, and also test it for germina-
tion.

We make the germination test by
taking two large plates, 3. piece of
cloth that will fit between the plates,
count two hundred seeds and place a
cloth over the seed and put the plates
together, wet the cloths with warm
water, not hot water, and set them in
a warm place. In a few days the seed
will germinate. Then count the seed
and the number of strong, vigorous
sprouts and determine the per cent
that have germinated. If the percent-
age is lower than 90 per cent it will be
necessary to sow more than the usual
amount of seed in order to secure a
full stand. A little time and patience
will enable one to determine with ap-
proximate accuracy if the seed is adul-
terated or inferior in germinating
qualities.

Methods of Selling.

Our best results seeding clover have
been secured by seeding the crop on
wheat ground as early in the spring as
Weather conditions permit and cover-
ing the seed with a light smoothing
barrow. This covers the seed and
proves beneficial to the wheat crop. It
also tends to encourage the plants to
root deeper into the ground and to
withstand a few days of dry weather
after the Wheat crop is harvested. On
oat ground, plowed and hastily fitted,
ill the spring it is very difficult to es-
tablish a'compact seed bed and the clo-
ver plants are less likely to go through
periods of drouth without injury. If
the oat ground is plowed the previous
fall, and only two bushels of oats sown
to the acre one is more certain to se-
cure a good stand, than is the case
when the ground is plowed in the
spring and more oats sown to the acre.

On many fields it is useless to sow
red clover on account of too much
moisture or an acid condition of the
soil. Drainage and the use of lime
will usually restore such land to a
condition to produce good crops of
clover. If the land is not too wet and
contains a large percentage of clay,
one will find alsike more certain to
make a satisfactory stand than the
common red variety. On one of our
fields there are several low places
where we sow alsike after the field has
been seeded with red clover. This
helps to make a better stand and pre-
vents the weeds from taking posses-
sion of the spots where the red clover
does not thrive. We use some alsike
in all of our mixtures and find that in
many cases it has proven of much ben-
efit in thickening the stand and insur-
ing a larger crop of hay.

Lime is Often Required.

If the ground has become acid an ap-

plication of lime will help to insure at

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

Success with the Clover Crop

stand of clover. The best time to ap-
ply lime is in the fall when the ground
is being prepared for the wheat crop.
On account of the difficulty of secur-
ing limestone ground sufficiently fine
to produce quick results we prefer the
caustic or water—slaked forms. An ap-
plication of 40 bushels of caustic or
50 bushels of water-slaked lime will be
adequate to restore an ordinary soil to
a condition sweet enough to produce
good crops of clover. Never mix lime
with fertilizer containing ammonia be—
fore applying it to the soil, because
the lime tends to set free into the at-
mosphere some of the ammonia. Nev-
er add lime to acid phosphate or the
mixtures containing this element, for
such a procedure would result in some
of. the available phosphoric acid being
changed to an unavailable form.

As a general proposition, f believe
it is better to delay seeding clover un-
til the weather has become settled in
the spring. The practice of sowing
the seed when the ground is frozen
and relying on the spring snows and
rains to wash the seed down into the
ground is not my idea of proper seed-
ing. If the work is delayed a few
weeks and the seed properly covered,
better results are likely to follow.
Plenty of Organic Matter is Essential.

Perhaps the most frequent cause of
failure to secure a good stand of clo-
ver is due to a deficiency of organic
matter in the soil. The best organic
matter that may be used for starting
clover is farm manure. This furnishes
both organic matter and plant food.
On farms where the soil is badly run
down and is not sufficiently supplied
with organic matter to get a good

SOWING ALFALFA WITH A GRAIN
DRILL.

(Continued from first page).
rowing at just the right time might
have made the crop a partial success,
but this was not resorted. to for sev-
eral reasons, first because where the
seed did not get covered to the normal
depth of the drilling, rows of the plants
could be seen for a considerable dis-
tance, notably in the rows where the
drill hoe followed the wheel which
had previously packed the ground so
that the seed did not get so deeply
covered as in other places. Another
reason for not harrowing the ground
was that in the mellow soil the drill
hoes had made quite deep furrows and
the plants would have been covered to
a still greater depth by such harrow-
ing. Then, too, there was the possi-
bility of more showers, which often oc-
cur once a drouth is broken. The re-
sult was that in a few scattering plac-
es there were short rows of healthy
alfalfa plants, while on the balance of
the field there was nothing. The
ground was again fitted the follo,wing
spring and a good stand of alfalfa was
secured.

This one unfavorable experience
caused the writer to abandon the sow-
ing of alfalfa seed with the grain drill
where midsummer seeding was prac-
ticed without a nurse crop. Where the
seed is sown in spring grain, the seed
is always sown ahead of the drill hoes
with the seeder attachment to the
drill. Since we have learned the es-
sential requirements in preparing the
soil for alfalfa which are so well stat—
ed in the above article, we have adOp—
ted this method of seeding alfalfa
wherever conditions can be made fav-
orable. Where the crop is to be sown

 

 

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The Germination Box, Properly Used, will Insure a Good Stand of Com.

 

 

catch of clover, no better use may be
made of the available manure than to
apply it to the field either before or
after seeding to this crop. One crop
of clover prOperly handled will put the
soil in condition to grow other crops
without the addition of more manure.
In this way one can gradually increase
the acreage of clover that may be
grown each year until a maximum
acreage is obtained. Such a method
is too slow for farmers who have a
large acreage and keep only a few head
of stock. On such farms the plowing
under of green manure crops will add
the necessary organic matter and put
the soil in a good physical condition.
On such soils the living processes that
should be going on beneath the surface
are dead. The decay of old life has
stopped because there is no old life to
decay—and decay must go hand in
hand with life. Before one can obtain
satisfactory results from the use of
fertilizers he must go back to the first
principles of nature and put organic
matter in the soil——-manure, green ma-
nure crops, weeds or stubble—Lany-
thing organic—for the bacteria to
seize, live upon, thrive and multiply.
Without organic matter the use of
chemical plant foods will prove in-
adequate.

New York. W. MILTON KELLY.

on soil which is not in ideal condition
for same, midsummer seeding is un-
doubtedly preferable, and we believe
that as with all 01112 1' seeds, drilling is
the best method of sowing same, pro-
vided the seed can be gotten in at just
the right depth to insure best condi-

 

tions for quick germination and the
early development of the young plants.
Special drills are now manufactured
for sowing alfalfa and other similar
small seeds, and we believe that an in-
vestment of such equipment will prove
profitable for the farmer who contem—'
plates midsummer seeding 011 a large
scale. Certainly the saving in seed

ods is very considerable.

We have seen excellent stands of
alfalfa secured by the use of six pounds
of seed per acre with an alfalfa drill.
Many ordinary grain drills can also be
so adjusted as to insure the planting
of the seed at almost any depth re-
quired, in which case a similar saving
in seed can be effected, provided one
is certain of the germinating quality
of the seed sown. Even distribution is
an important factor in the sowing of
alfalfa seed, and where hand seeding
is practiced, we have frequently gone
over the ground twice with a light
seeding so as to insure good distribu-
tion.——Editor.

 

l
which can be effected by such meth-i '
I

 

3-483

Black Hawk

Black Hawk Planter

The Black Hawk planter
was the first planter to suc—
cessfully use the edge drop
system of selecting seed.
This with other seed drop fea-
tures have made this planter the
standard for accuracy. When
using this planter, you know each
hill contains the exact number
of seeds the machine is set to
plant.

All soil is not of the same
strength. With the variable
drop feature found on the Black
Hawk planter, it is possible to
easily change the amount of
seed planted, adapting the num—
ber of seeds deposited to the
varying strength of your soil.
In this way you get maximum
crops, the stronger parts of
your land making up _for those
weaker spots found in nearly
every farm.

A foot lever check wire re—
lease does away with the diffi—
culty of the rope commonly
used to release the check wire
from the check heads breaking
at times when it is not conven—
icnt to make replacements.

You appreciate the import-
ance of accurate work in plant-
ing seed. See your Oliver
dealer or write us direct.

Oliver Chilled PlowWotiis

Won-theWorld
South Bend. Ind.

 

 

 

 

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I

 


  

Plant Good Seed

VERY pound, and every bushel of
E farm products raised on an acre

of, land up to a certain amount,
has to go to pay expenses of raising
the crop, including interest on invest-
ment, and taxes on the land. Every
pound or bushel raised above that
amount is profit.

The lesson is obvious, grow bigger
crops. Now how are we to go about
it? Farming is a science, not a lot-
tery, for while to a certain extent the
farmer is at the mercy of the elements
in the production and harvesting of
his crops, 1 have always noticed that
no matter what the season may be, the
careful painstaking farmer who ap-
plies this science (though perhaps do—
ing it unconsciously) cleans up a good
profit each year, season for season.

One necessary element of such suc-
cess is good seed. If you expected to
raise a good tree, or shrub, you would
hardly set out a scrubby, spindling
seedling. NOW, go farther with this
rule and apply it to your seed.

The larger, more vigorous seed of
any form of vegetation, will produce
larger and more vigorous plants than
a smaller seed, and in the aggregate
more pounds of produce. This is as
true as is the fact that like begets
like. '

If we. wish to raise a bumper crop of
oats we will rig up the fanning mill,
put on the proper screen and take off
the big heavy kernels, letting the rest
screen through and blow away. Vi'hat
is blown over is worth as much as ever
for feed, or for sale for feed, and we
have the choicest of seed.

Corn ripens later in the season,
there is the ever present danger of
frost damage to the seed, so where the
seed is not selected in the fall it
should be thoroughly tested in the
spring as to germination.

There is considerable difference of
opinion as to what is the best size in
a seed potato. Everybody agrees the
seed should be smooth and free from
scab, but where the amount of seed
planted per acre is as large as it is
with the potato crop, it is quite an item
in the expense, and there is quite a
temptation to plant unmerchantable
seed. However, it does not pay.

A word as to grass seed. Many
farmers seem to look on the grass
seeding as more or less of a lottery; if
clover seed is high they sow scantily,
filling in with more timothy, and they
seem to think that somehow maybe
they will get a good clover catch; if
they don’t they will have the season
to blame. Anyhow, more or less wild
grasses will fill and make a sort of a
meadow. I think the meadow seeding
is more, neglected than any other por-
tion of the farm work. Sow good clo-
ver seed, and enough of it every year,
this should be one of the farm com-
mandments. 4

This same rule applies to all farm
crops, for every foot of land that has
not a proper seed planted, is to all in-
tents and purposes fallow, and takes
some other foot of land to make up the
deficiency.

Many farmers since elevators clean
all grain sold, do not keep a fanning
mill, this is a big mistake, as no farm
should be. without, its fanning mill.
Try this year to plant better seed and
see if the effect on your crops is not
a marked one.

Isabella Co. WM. J. Coornn.

 

LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.

 

We finished sowing 60 acres to clo-
ver seed Friday, March 24. It was quite
an investment to sow clover this year.
We used on this 60 acres 11 bushels of
clover seed and three bushels of tim—
othy. However, no matter what the
price of clover seed no one can afford
to neglect to use it, for the only way to
keep up the supply of organic matter
in the soil is to fill it full of clover
roots once during the rotation, and the
shorter the rotation the better it is
for the fertility of the land.

THE MICHI'GA

It is claimed that the ideal time to
sow clover seed on wheat land is be-
fore breakfast on a clear still morning
early in the spring, when the ground
has frozen hard the night before, and
when in all probability it will thaw
that day and freeze again the coming
night. The action of the frost will
bury or cover the seed even better
than can be done by tillage imple-
ments. On clay soil or clay loam that
will “honey-comb” by the action of
the frost this is certainly a good time
to sow the seed, but on light sandy
soil, many farmers claim they get bet-
ter results by waiting until the land is
dry enough to harrow, then sow the
seed and harrow well. The harrowing
helps the wheat, it is claimed, as well
as covering the clover. On our land
which is clay and clay loam, I am sat-
isfied this is one of the best times of
the year to sow clover seed and under
my system of farming it is best to seed
the wheat ground to clover. We are
more sure of getting a catch than in
any other way.

A good lively man with a good hand
seeding machine can cover a lot of
ground in a few hours. Many years
ago when I first began operating a
farm for myself, I read the late Mr. T.
B. Terrey‘s book, “Our Farming,” and
in that book is a picture of Mr. Terry
with his hand seeder sowing 20
acres of clover seed before breakfast.
He began at daylight and finished in
time for a seven o'clock breakfast. It
is not a big job to seed 20 acres to c10-
ver if the ground is smooth and frozen
hard.

But how is the dairy farmer to sow
clover seed before breakfast, or even
very early after breakfast? The cows
must be fed and milked at that time
and all the other chores must be at-
tended to also. For several years I in-
sisted that this practice be followed
according to Terry. One man would go
to sowing clover seed as soon as we
got up and the rest of us would do his
chores. That worked very well, only
the system was somewhat disarranged.
We had to change milkers, which is
bad and never should happen if it can
be prevented. We have to do this once
in a while but don't like to. Then it
always delayed breakfast and the wom-
en folks grumbled as it disarranged
their work also. We have finally
changed the practice and try to sow
the clover seed a little earlier in the
season, while the ground is permanent-
ly frozen, so a man can work during
the middle of the day. Understand
that, under ideal conditions, the land
thaws out so much that by eight or
nine o'clock it is too muddy to travel
on the field. By sowing a little earlier
in the season we get seemingly just as
good results and not even the women
folks are inconvenienced.

It is a splendid thing to have a little
snow on the ground at the time of
sowing. Too much snow would inter-
fere with travel but a little does not
and it does away with the necessity of
setting stakes to travel by. A person
can see his tracks and travel by them
and do a good job. If the ground is
bare and the wheat not very large one
must set stakes and travel to them to
get an even distribution. If the Wheat
is good and large and one sows the
same way the wheat is drilled, many
times he can follow the rows of wheat
and thus do away with the necessity
of setting stakes, which is not a pleas-
ant job when the ground is frozen
hard. But whichever way you do it, if
you seed clover in growing wheat be
sure and sow early before freezing
weather is over so the action of the
frost will cover the seed.

Only twice in the history of my
farming have I lost a clover catch and
then both times the seed was sown
late, after the ground was thawed out.
Once the land was not dry enough to
barrow when we sowed the clover, but,
there was no freezing weather after-
wards. And once we waited until the
ground was dry and harrowed the land
both ways. In both instances we lost
the catch. COLON C. LILLrE.

N FARMER
Farm Notes \

Legumes as Nitrogen Fixers.

What is the comparative value as
nitrogen builders of the soil, of alfal‘
fa, sweet clover, mammoth, June and
alsike? J. S. J.

While all of the legumes mentioned
are active in the fixing of nitrogen in
the soil through the action of the bac-
teria which find a home on their roots
by absorbing nitrogen directly from
the air in the soil, their activity in
this regard, other things being equal,
will be largely in proportion to their
root growth. The root growth of these
various plants corresponds quite close-
ly to their relative growth above the
ground. Something, of course, will de-
pend upon the place which these crops
are given in the rotation.

The red clovers and sweet clover
are of much shorter life than is alfal-
fa, which will not only supply most of
its nitrogen needs through the activity
of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria so long
as the stand endures, but will natur-
ally, because of this fact, leave a larg-
er amount of nitrogen in the soil fer
the use of succeeding crops. On the
other hand, where a crop is desired to
be plowed down for green manure,
sweet clover would probably fix a max-
imum amount of nitrogen through this
same medium, and would at the same
time furnish a larger amount of vege-
table matter also rich in nitrogen to
be plowed down and later converted
into humus. On the other hand, where
a short crop rotation is practiced, and
where the soil is in a condition to in-
sure the success of the common clo-
ers, this will doubtless serve a better
purpose in the fixing of nitrogen than
any of the other legumes mentioned,
for the reason that the bacteria pecu-
liar to these species is already plentiful
in the soil, and good inoculation is se-
cured at once, thus insuring a maxi-
mum activity of the bacteria during
the year in which the clover is given
the use of the soil.

inoculating for Alfalfa.

I would nike to know if land that
will grow clover will need to be inoc-
ulated to grow alfalfa? I have a field
that I will sow to oats this spring and
would like to seed to alfalfa. Will it
be alright to seed the same as clover,
or would it be better to sow a small
quantity this spring to inoculate the
ground and then fit the ground after
cats are cut and seed again?

Gratiot Co. SUBSCRIBER.

On good strong land where there
has been no previous difficulty in se-
curing good stands of clover, it is very
frequently not necessary to inoculate
alfalfa in order to get a successful
stand. The bacteria peculiar to this
plant are likely to be present in any
soil which has not become acid, though
there is never any certainty that this
is the case. The bacteria peculiar to
alfalfa is not the same species as that
which makes a host of the clover
plant, at least it has a different habit
of growth and frequently little, if any,
inoculation occurs on alfalfa, even on
soil which contains an abundance of
the red clever bacteria, as practically
all Michigan soils in a good state of
fertility do.

The cost of inoculating is so small
that it is always a wise precaution to
at least inoculate the seed with a pure
culture of the bacteria. On land that
has given any previous trouble in the
securing of a good stand of clover,
there is every likelihood of the need
of lime to make the soil a fit home for
these bacteria, else inoculation may
not prove successful.

On land which has never before
grown alfalfa, seeding in a grain crop
is not normally as successful as seed-
ing alone without a nurse crop, at
least unless the amount of grain seed
used is less than a full seeding. The
writer has had good success in seeding
alfalfa with oats where not more than
a bushel of oats were sown per acre,
but better success on landwhich had
been previously seeded to alfalfa. It
would be better to mix the alfalfa and
clover seed in about equal quantities,

then. saw about half more than would

APRIL 8, 1916.

be sown of clover. 'In case the al-
falfa succeeds, this will be a sufficient
amount to give a very good stand the
second year after the clover becomes
thin. If the alfalfa does not become
well inoculated and make a healthy
growth, there would still be sufficient
clover to make a profitable crop, and
the alfalfa which does survive will aid
in inoculating the soil by nature’s proc.
ess, so that the next time the field is
seeded, there will be a better pros-
pect of success with this crop.

Plowing the oat stubble after the
oats are harvested and sowing to al-
falfa is an uncertain proposition, since
success will depend largely upon the
available moisture supply at that sea-
son of the year, which is, of course,
an unknown quantity in the making of
spring plans. Midsummer seedings of
alfalfa should not be sown later than
August 1 for best results. .

Destroying Canada Thistles.

Can Canada thistles be destroyed by
cutting, and putting kerosene in the
hollow stem? If so, when is the best
time to treat?

Muskegon Co. F. L. W.

Almost any noxious weed can be ef-
fectually destroyed by applying kero-
sene or preferably gasoline, to the
stem after same has been cut off just
below the surface of the ground. This
can be best applied with a common
machine oil can, and is said to be ef-
fective in destroying almost any kind
of noxious weeds. Such treatment
would, however, destroy only the stalk
to which it was applied, and probably
would not be effectual in killing the
root stalks of healthy Canada thistle
plants unless same were applied com-
paratively late in the season when all
of the plants had become normally de-
veloped, say about the time they be-
gin to come in bloom. Often cutting
at just the right time will discourage
the thistle plants to a considerable ex-
tent, and if this treatment were given
then, it would likely be more effectual.
Where only a small patch of thistles
must be dealt with, a more satisfac-
tory way would be to cover the area.
with tar paper, so that the thistles
could make no growth above ground,

which would be effectual in killing,

them off in a short time.

SEED CORN TESTING.

 

The early frosts that swept the state
last fall made seed corn 9. problem. A
large number of farmers of the state
did not make field selection; in fact,
some farmers have no seed for this
year’s corn crop. Tests of seed corn
for different parts of the state show
that Michigan has very poor seed com.

If ever corn needed the individual
ear test it is this spring. This may be
accomplished by the germination box.
An ordinary store box three feet
square and at least four inches deep,
has all the requirements of a tester.
This box should be filled to within an
inch of the top with sand or sawdust
and covered with a white cloth which
.is marked off with lead pencil in two-
inch squares, which should be number“
ed. Or the box may be divided into
squares with strings, as shown in the
preceding illustration. It is desir-
able to leave the outside row of
squares vacant, as they are most liable
to dry out. The ears tested should
have corresponding numbers. If the
ears are on a seed-corn tree a number
may be placed beside each nail.

Five or six kernels from each should
be placed in their respective square.
Each ear should be tested in the same
manner until squares are all taken.
Then the corn and sawdust, or sand,
should be thoroughly moistened and
covered with a dry cloth and on top of
this a second cloth covered with sand
or sawdust. This should be placed in
a warm room for six or seven days.
Care should be taken in removing the
cover or some of the sprouts may be
broken. Save only the ears from which
all of the kernels have thrown vigor-
ous sprouts and a good stand of corn
is certain.
TuSCOla Co.

I

CHAS. JENKINS.

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

APRIL. '8, 1916.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

Orchard Heating in Michigan

By GEORGE M. LOW.

ROTECTION against frost injury
P is by no means a new thing, al-
though some recent writings and
discussions would lead one to believe
that it is. The protection of plants
and fruits from frost injury dates back
more than two thousand years. It was
recommended by Pliny and practiced
by the Romans. The French also prac-
ticed it in the sixteenth century and
during the latter part of the eighteenth
century it was compulsory in some
parts of Germany. It was during the
early nineties that the California and
Florida orange growers were experi-
menting along this line. Up to date
the California Citrus Fruit Growers
have spent close to five million dollars,
on the safe premise that an ounce of
prevention is worth a pound of cure.
Every year more fruit growers of
Michigan realize that their orchards
are subject to damage by late spring
frosts. This was brought out very
clearly in my own case in 1913, when
I lost the crop in one of my Duchess
orchards consisting of 1,640 trees. In
1911 this orchard produced a crop that
sold for more than five thousand dol-
lars, but in 1913 Jack Frost did the

the up-to-date instruments. There
are several different electric alarm de-
vices on the market, but to my mind
they do not sound their alarm soon
enough. I use the Cunnynghame frost
predictor and by taking the reading at
sundown, it is possible to foretell about
how cold it will get during the night.
If frost is predicted, you have ample
time to notify extra help to be ready
at a minute’s notice.

The help proposition is an important
one and should be treated as such.
Three good men will light a thousand
heaters in about an hour. In securing
help remember this: it is a man’s job
and it is up to you to see that hustlers
are secured for the purpose. Don’t
try to light the heaters with a bunch
of old rags soaked in oil. The money
necessary to purchase two or three
automatic torches will be one of the
most profitable investments in your
entire equipment.

The proper time to start lighting the
pots is not fully settled in my own
mind. This year the College will car-
ry on some very extensive experiments
along this line. I will co-operate with
them and next year we trust that we

 

 

Orchard Heating is Proving Profitable in Michigan.

harvesting. Realizing the same thing
might happen in future years I thought
the heating proposition was worth at
least a trial. I wrote the Agricultural
College and asked for information on
the subject. The answer I received
Was somewhat discouraging. It stated
that so far as they knew no one had
tried it out in this state on a scientific
basis; only one man had tried burning
oil in pails but no satisfactory results
had been obtained.
The Necessary Equipment.

After trying out several different
makes of heaters, I purchased one
thousand, and ordered six thousand
gallons of oil suitable for smudging
purposes. The heaters or smudge pots
hold two gallons of oil and will burn
nine hours without attention and can
be readily extinguished any time by
replacing the cover. A pot is placed
in the center of every square formed
by four trees, and were placed in al-
ternate spaces in every row. This
method sets fifty pots to the acre and
leaves enough to reinforée the three
outside rows all around the orchard.
This is done so that in case the wind
should blow slightly and carry off the
smoke, extra protection could be given
the trees on the windward side of the
orchard.

The oil is stored in a large concrete
tank which is located on a side hill.
It is emptied into and drawn out of
the large storage tank by gravity. This
saves time and does away with a
pump and, best of all, allows the wa-
ter to be drawn out very easily. All
oil, especially crude oil, contains some

water, and naturally the water goes to.

the bottom. This point should be kept
in mind by anyone who contemplates
storing oil for smudging purposes be-
cause a small amount of water will
cause the pots to boil over and render
them useless until they are refilled.
When to Expect Frost.

Just when to expect frost is compar-

atively easy with the aid of some of

will. be able to give the growers of
Michigan some definite information on
this subject. However this year I
shall follow the same plan I have in
the past. The thermometers are hung
among the trees about five feet from
the ground and when the temperature
gets down to 31 degrees F. the pots on
the lower ground are fired. On the
start only every other row is lighted
but should the temperature continue
to fall the others are started as the
occasion demands.
Get Reliable Thermometers.

If any part of the equipment is to
receive or needs particular attention,
it is the thermometers. Stop for a
moment and think just what is at
stake. Think of the returns a good
crop of fruit will bring you, especially
if your crop is saved when others are
frosted. Get some good thermometers
but don’t be satisfied with the dealer’s
word that they are all right. Test
them yourself and if any corrections
are necessary see that they are placed
on a conspicuous tag attached to the
case so that a stranger could read the
thermometer correctly. Have at least
one, thermometer for every five acres
of orchard. You will also need two 01'
three to place outside of the orchard
where they will not be affected by the
heat from the pots. Without these
you will be unable to tell what tem-
perature you will have to combat.

The Cost of Equipment.

Although I have seen but two years
of service on the “Frost Firing Line,”
I am convinced that it is a paying
proposition. Pardon a few personal
figures and I will show you whereof I
speak. The entire cost of 1,000 pots,
6,000 gallons of oil, instruments, stor-
age tank and house for storing oil,
heaters, etc., (the house is built on
top of the tank), was in round num-
bers, $600. Say we allow $50( this
will more than pay it) each year for
labor of puttingthe pots in the or.-
chard, filling them and taking them out

‘5 . .4.

 

 

 

5—485

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roof Construction—Gun Barrel Cylinder . ,, fififiifi’dm‘ififiifignfiébgliig “1:33:23.
gore—Leak-proof Compression—Complete -. g nsihle to you. Hc'a at om. 88,:
with Built-in Magneto. Quick starting even . v co to see that you are saris ed. And
in cold weather. Low first cost—low fuel he’s on ”rear you as mu- “'8...
cost-low maintenance cost. Long. efiicient, Phone any tune you want: I: x “'
coonomical “power service."

See the “Z" and You’llBuy It

Go to your local dealer. See
the "Z.” Compare it on merit
-by any standard—point by
point. You’llsell yourself on
this wonderful engine Value.

Fairbanks, Morse& Co.
CHICAGO

All Fairbanks-Morse deal-
er: sell ‘ Z" engines on a
zone carloadlow frelzht
basis. If you don't

know the dealer

Write “So

/'
ILP. 360- 6 I”! tllo
All. F10.B. FACTO

ylmportant Dealer Service:

.When you buy an engine from your
dealer you deal With a local represelh
“the of the manufacturers. He

 

 

 

have no equal anywhere
They produce the best crops and biggest profits wherever used.
The result of a half century’s experience of a practical farmer
and manufacturer. Fully guaranteed.

, fi‘ No. 76.Planet Jr Riding Cultivator plows, hills and
:i, 9 cultivates corn, potatoes, or similar crops 28 to
48 inches apart. Specially hardened cultivator
.. steels add 50 per cent to wear. Dust—proof steel
axles. Pin—break or spring—trip standards.
Elk/21f 5/}!.’£$——-/0w€r prices than ever before.
No.9 Planet Jr Horse Hoe is better made,
and capable of a greater variety of Work
than any other cultivator. Its great strength
prevents breaking or bending; long frame
makes itsteady running; new steel wheel pre-
vents clogging; and beveled steel tecth, spe-
Cially hardcncd, retain Shape, insure durability
and thorough cultivation. 15 oil/tr styles of

one-horse cultivation—various prices.

New 72-page Catalog (184 illustrations) free!
Describes over 70 tools. including 12 entirely new ones. and improve-
ments to our Seeders. \Vheel-Hoes, Horse Hoes. Harrows, Orchard.
Beet- and Pivoiqvhccl Riding Cultivators. Writepoxlril for it today!

 

 

 

 

‘S L Allen & Co Box 1107M Philadelphia
\ . {C 1/¢ I I I
l " - a: i ‘ A \ l t
_. ’ifiéi‘i‘ss. 2.22 -"‘— '

 

‘ / "l ‘HIS hard, tough, Springy sheep and

hog fence—26 in. high—only 235/21:
per rod. Stock fence—42 in. high—only
24%cperrod.Wires areofbasic openhearthsteel.
Heavily galvanized. A real stiff, stay fence. Does
not rust nor get out of shape. Hogs can’t root
through. not cattle trample it down.

3?: Farm Bargain Book

This is only one of the many fine bargains *0 § .
it contains. This book Will enable you to ‘ .1 '
,fi' , 1"..4

 

.-L
J
\J

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

 

on everythin used on the

cave man
name and ad recs today.

farm. So

Dept: n. Worth Pull-M. on.-
01 10 Write house most convenient to you

 

n/I//' '
J’

/ i
‘ W

5 xx’ :1
\ ~¢

/
l

luVIrk Chicano Kins-III", \ ‘k y} L
*

 

 


  
 
 

  

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

- ~ when the danger period is over. All
N . ' you could burn up would be the oil,

Fire B I l ght Dest roys and the cost of oil and labor would be

$260 (' oil costs three and one-half

Thousands Of Tre es cents per gallon). In my mind'this is

FIRE BLIGHT OF THE APPLE Very cheap insurance. If you get

through without a frost and get a crop
IS SPREAD BY APHIS

you will not miss the money that is
tied up "in the equipment and if the
pots save your crop and your neigh-

APHlS CHECKS GROWTH OF TREES

APHIS CAUSES LEAVES T0 CURL

APHlS DEFORMS FRUIT

bor's crop is harvested by Jack Frost,
then certainly your verdict will be that
DESTROY APHES WITH
“BLACK LEAF Lo”

it pays. I have successfully combated
a temperature of 26 degrees and did
Guaranteed 40% Nicotine
Your dealer will furnish you this

not need to light all of the heaters.
Remember this, the frost comes in

the still of the night and sometimes
when least expected. I can assure you
that it will pay you to be prepared to
give it a warm reception. Have your

effective insecticide in concentrated Smudge pots filled and ready to burn.

form—200 gallons of spray from

the 2-111. can cost: saw-1,000

gallon! from the lO-lb. can

costs $10.75. If he will

not supply you we will

send it to you, express

prepaid, upon receipt
of price. Write for
FreeBulletinsto
the address
below.

     
   
     
    

 

   
   
   
 

SPRAYING HINTS.

 
   
 

 

 
 

I have lost time and been annoyed
by the use of a direct, or straight-
‘ahead spray for small trees, currants
and bushes, for in order to cover all
sides we have to walk clear around
each bush, so I took off the nozzle and
’ put in its place an elbow. In it I have
“ u a short nipple and put the nozzle on

BL CK LE F the nipple. This throws the spray at

- . . : right angles to the spray rod. By hold-

' 400/0 NIC Otilne ' ' ing the rod at one side of the tree or

CiteKENl‘UCKY TOBACCO PRODUCT CO. bush the spray shoots into that por-

lNconi'unATLu tion, then swing the rod over the top

LOUISVILLE . KENTUCKY- and to the other side, keeping the noz-

. zle faced toward the plant by a mere

turn of the wrist and the whole plant

is soaked while the operator stands in
one position.

This scheme works well on trees but
ten feet high where an eight-foot rod
is used. The spray can be shot up un~
(161', into the sides and down from the
top by simply swinging the rod and
turning the direction of the stream. A
direct right angle is the only turn that
works out satisfactorily.

I find a piece of galvanized quarter-
inch gas pipe very satisfactory for
spray rods, of a length to suit the
work. It is not expensive, not very
heavy, and never gives out. On larger
trees than mentioned above the direct
spray is the only way. It is easy to
take off the elbow and put the nozzle
on the end of the rod when larger ob
jects are to be covered.

To prevent the spray solution from
dripping down the spray rod and wet—
ting the hands, slide a short piece of
"um” ”m" rubber hose over the rod just below

The Cutaway Han-ow Company the nozzle. A piece one to two inches
7 Makcroftheorfgl'nalCLARKdu/Eharra'wsandplow: long iS suffiCientr and Will turn the
A; 921011111111 Street o . Higganum,Conn, drip in ordinary work. In high trees,
where the rod isheld more upright
follow this piece with a leather wash-
e1 about two inches in diameter, then
put on a second short piece of hose
Piess the leat e1 snugly between the
two links of hose and no drip will run
dowu the rod. Where bamboo rods
are used an iron coupling and three-
inch iron nipple can be added to the
outer end of the rod to take the rubber
hose and washer.
Allegan Co. H. H. HU’l‘t'lIINS.

 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 

 

   

Use
an extensmn head
disk harrow and
liven up every tree.
Orchard tillage pays as big as field tillage—es-
pecially where it is carried close. Note the illustra-
tions below—see how the cultivation extends beyond
the team and under the low limbs. Here you have
the orchard tool of unsurpassed efficiency —— the

.. ,9“. cutaW& - Extension Head

 
 
  

Q
0
m
(D

   
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 

, Orchard Harrow:

”919“" Double Both Single and Double Action
l‘l e and
Wig Exmsw“ They have Ct TAWAY(CLABK) cutlery
steel disks, forged sharp. Close up
into a regular harrow for field work.
Light in draft. The single action
is reversible. If your dealer has
not the genuine CL' 1 iWAY
write to us direct. Be sure
to write for our new free
: book. “The Soil and Its

"‘;'-Tillage. ” Get your

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
   

 

 

and Térracing

Made Easy— Bigger
crops—better farms with

     

our sales
office near-
est you for
prices and
terms on fertil-
izers adapted to ‘
your soil and crops.

Send for Booklet - Free
The American Agricul-
tural Chemical Co.
New York, Baltimore, Phil-
adelphia. Bun'alo. Cin-
cinnati. Cleveland.
Detroit, etc.

    
 
  

(unranleo. Cuts ditch toi ft. Grades roads. ~
All St ted—Practicalw—Adjustable — Reversible

‘ Cleans ditches. cuts and works out dirt at same time

' Does work of big 11111-l1l11es.Soon pays for itself. '
Write for free booklet and introductory proposition.
nunsboumichuasradomo “11.801930. Demure.”

 
   
  
 

  
   
 

 

 
   
 

 

   
 

TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.

  

We. have the kind
you used to M1112
large plump, liluc
seed: mer 00’. puie
and high vitality.

lienn 1111» r every five pounds of dead sctd and
111111111 ili1s to the bushel adds $1. 00 to (11st; also,

tl1ttl- tr ll iel 111th seed (ontaining 7- _

Hit:- 1.3115123[13131113517169 bushel that will not Rifldiy tell Hint? 2113:; 311051311 91 {gig
MV- peac rees. ow . .‘

The C. E. DePuy CO.P°N"A° 'K' Champion Sprayer“ them? What time of year should they

men , . NSURE the be trimmed? When should they be

potatoe- and sprayed first time, and What should be

 
 

 

 
 
  
   

The Care of Peach Trees.

 

 

1111011111 11311 “-50
D P" b“' 7°15” Montcalm Co. K. C. C.
Bags extra It 20¢ each. Send us your order ta es. _ .
Yonrmndolph 560d 00- °W°8°0- Woman f 9:801! Before setting peach trees, all of the
Pill an

 

tree: from dis- broken roots should be cut off and the
easemdpe'ti- longer ones out back so that they are
ALI. BRASS all about the same length. The tops
aw”. 3‘3“" mg" "9" should also be cut back quite severely
th 1 vol to . . . "
enrepump m mist ve' AW“ um- preferably to a whip, leavmg 1t about

SEED coRN AND GARDEN saws 'étrésshrnaiatawtm 1111: .1... W W

Your name and address will brin you our catalog. deem-thing Sprayers, Planterl. Diggers, etc.

PURE FIELD SEED

<‘lmer. Timothy Alsikt Alfalfiand all kinds ofPURE
l‘ IEL D SEJ‘DS (lil‘t Lt from prodm or to consumer;
{A191 lrom all noxious weeds. Ask fol samples

.HOY'I‘ .ii 00.. Box M. F 0 ST OKLA. OHIO.

 

 

 

 

 

1 avoiiifibfi2£ft§wse&d:£ 3216639012 OHIO champion Potato W 00.. The trees should be set a lit”? deep—
", m, on, 1150'thkoan Ila-InneMJndI-na. er than they were in the nursery. Also
Seeds That Grow $311123: mien ‘ _ make sure that the earth is firmly

others give. Special Dflces on garden peas per Bu.
( ‘atalogue Free. Aliens Seed House. Geneva Ohio

WHITE SWEET CLOVER packed around the roots so as to leave

i ti ,
1100“]ng treated Mina-guickA Mmbfi-l' no air pockets.

V . . .
#SMIKO'FHgNgEI‘l‘LFAWIimLO gig.- The best t1me to trlm peach trees

young-gANfioigfiiéfidé'of?%W°o§lsK‘% is early spring, and it is advisable to
' seed om. m ' 1’ them annual prunings. The usual
For Sale i‘r‘ft'.’ Giawife" "“1”" “W?“ “‘8“ is 1111111111 1.3.1.1; "ii—nee P"°° “‘5 g“? . .~ .

1:1.L.c.1111,1111111117131.13111111637u “8 at W ‘1 0W “1 ”l Agar” e cage” sacrum, Mich-g, practiceis to cut out cross limbs and

..... , ., . ,-. 1» ,. m; ’

 

sw E E lullds Worn 0111 31111.1!” higher
protein content, than 1111111111 Write

CLOVER £5£$°°§£§ningffiaimwmw

 

 

 

 

. APRIL 8, 1916.-

weaker limbs. Those which are left
should be cut back about one-half. In
trimming peach trees. there are several
things which should be kept in mind;
one is to keep the tree well shaped,
another is to uSe pruning as a means
of thinning out the fruit buds, and
still another is to keep the bearing
wood of the treeas low as is practical.
If one does not clip back the limbs
which are going upward, the dense
foliage of: the tree will kill out the low-
er limbs, and in time the tree will have
a spindling appearance.

For best results it would be advis.
able to spray the peach trees the
spring following planting. The best
mixture for this purpose is lime-sul-
phur which can be purchased in con-
centrated form. This should be used
at the strength of about one gallon to
eight of water, and should be applied
early in March so as to control the
curl leaf as well as the San Jose scale.
In common practice this is all the
spraying necessary. A few growers of
fancy fruit are taking up the practice
of spraying peach trees in summer
with self-boiled lime-sulphur; however,
it is a much disputed question whether
the summer spraying of peach trees
is of any practical value in this state.
Should you be interested in this sum-
mer spraying, we shall be glad to give
you further details upon request.

REDUCING MOLE lNJURY.

 

When moles crossing a lawn cause
long ridges of earth to rise over the
grass, the injury to the lawn can be
reduced by immediately raking all of
the fine earth around until it filters
down among the roots and does not
hide any one portion of the grass from
the sunlight. The hummocks of earth
heaved up by the moles will soon kill
the grass if they are allowed to remain
and a lawn is soon ruined in appear-
ance.

In a- strawberry bed or garden of
bulbs the moles often cause serious
damage by burrowing the earth away
from the plants. In cold weather the
freezing air striking the crowns of the
strawberries may cause them to win
ter—kill. This can be avoided by in-
specting the beds where moles have
been working and carefully pressing
down the soft earth wherever the pests
have raised it above the surface.

Moles may be trapped with the ordi.
nary spring trap which spears the ro-
dent. These traps may be set in the
runs in the lawn or garden and they
should be moved frequently as moles
will often make new paths and not re-
trace the old ones where the traps
have been set. Dogs will hunt moles
and often catch them on soft ground
but when the pests are ruining a lawn
the spring trap is the only solution as
the family dog will do more damage
than the mole if allowed to hunt them
indiscriminately.

Ingham Co. R. G. Kmm.

TAR PADS FOR CABBAGE MAG-
GOTS.

 

Of the insecticides that are employ-
ed to destroy cabbage maggots, carbol-
lc acid emulsion has generally been
regarded as the most efficient. Tests
with the emulsion with recommended
strengths have demonstrated that it
will prevent the hatching of the eggs
and is fatal to the younger stages of
the larvae. It may, however, cause
injury to young seedlings and is not a
safe remedy for the treatment of
plants recently set in the field.

The value of tar pads, or hexagonal
tar paper collars, for the purpose of
preventing the adult of the cabbage
maggot from placing eggs about the
stems of the plants, has been previous-
ly demonstrated, but, in spite of its
effectiveness, this method of protecting
cabbage has not been generally adop-
ted by truck growers. Tests made by
the New York Station have shown that
tar pads will protect early cabbage
from the pest at a cost of about $1.40
per thousand plants.

 

 

v 1w . ~11...»

w

 

 


:mw». .

 

 

«\

' APRIL ‘8, 1916.

Saving the

More than three-fourths of the pigs
which will constitute the pig crop
from which pork is made on Michigan
farms will be farrowed during the
months of April and May. Of course,
there will some be farrowed in March,

but very many find that there are a

good many chances to take on losses
by several causes during that month.
If the March pigs are saved at [arrow-
ing time there are many things with
which they meet, and are liable to
either die or be injured in a way to
make it impossible to secure the. best
results with them. There is the dan-
ger from cold weather at farrowing
time, for we know that on most farms
suitable farrowing places are not pro-
vided, and the often repeated story
like the following is heard: “I had
bad luck with my pigs; they came on
a stinging cold night, most of them
got chilled and died, and what did live
have not done well.”

There are other things that take
away the early farrowed pigs than
freezingcold weather. If there is an
abundance of straw in the nest the
pigs crawl into it, get stepped on, or
laid on, by the mother, and are killed.
If foul bedding is allowed to accumu-
late the little pigs get filthy moisture
on them, they are too warm some of
the time, and during cold nights they
catch cold, have a cough which lasts
them a long time and often destroys
them. If they remain in the nest a
good deal, which they are likely to,
they get fat, become tender, and dur-

 

Y ' ' ' ‘
oung Pigs
are too logy and do not handle them-
selves well; get on the pigs and are
too lazy to get up to save them.
Important Factors of Success.

When the pigs are due to arrive,
which is just 112 days, or sixteen
weeks, see that everything is in readi-
ness. If there is considerable space
around the nest fence it in to prevent
the pigs from crawling away from the
sow, which they do sometimes if there
is room. Better use a few pieces of
boards than to take any chances on
losing a valuable pig or two.

After the pigs have arrived do not
be in a hurry to crowd the sow with

feed. A little lukewarm, s10ppy feed‘

can be given as soon as she manifests
a desire to eat. Feed lightly for 24
hours. Do not be in a hurry to get
the sow back to full feed. When the
pigs are small, during the first week,
they do not draw heavily on the sow,
so increase the feed gradually for a
week or ten days, then watch her re—
quirements as to amount of feed need-
ed and meet them. A sudden increase
in heavy grain feeds will cause a fev-
ered condition of the sow, which will
be felt by the pigs, and may cause the
loss of a part of the litter and some-
times the whole of it.

Keep the quarters clean. Take all
the filth out. of the nest each and
every day, and replace with dry straw.
Give the pigs pure air and sunlight as
soon as possible. Handle the pigs a
little while they are small and they
will not be afraid of you afterwards.

 

 

 

A Pair of Good Brood Mares will Keep the Horse Stock Good.

 

ing a cold wave, catch cold, get inflam-

mation of the diaphragm, have what

We usually call “the thumps,” and‘die.

In the hands of the average pig raiser,

pigs rarely recover from the thumps.
The First Thing to Do.

\Vhen the sows are expected to far-
row soon, one of the first things to do
is to provide a suitable place for them,
Make the quarters comfortable by pre-
venting possibilities of draughts of
cold air, and be sure that there is not
much space above the back of the sow
when standing in the nests. Cold air
coming down from an open space
above the nests kills more young pigs
than any other one condition in cold
weather. Better make a false cover
0\ er the nest than to lose the pigs.

Do not use too much bedding. A
moderate amount of dry wheat straw,
put. in the nest a few days before the
pigs arrive, will get packed down and
broken up so that the pigs will not et
tangled in it. Never use oat st w
with which to bed pigs; it takes up a
good deal of moisture and is poison to
them even after they have attained a.
considerable size.

Prepare the sow for the ordeal by
feeding some laxative food. Be sure
and avoid a constipated condition of
the bowels. The enfrenzied fits in
which the sows eat their own,pigs are
almost invariably caused by constipa-
tion. Put a little salt in the sow’s
sloppy feed for a few days before far-
rowin‘g. Do not feed heavily at this
time; give just enough feed to satisfy
hunger. If given ’too much feed they

 

The success in saving the pig crop
depends very much on the man attend-
ing to the sows at the critical time of
farrowing and while the pigs are small.
If he has a liking for the business and
has good judgment he can succeed. If
he can realize that the profits of the
business the coming season depend on
how he does his work at this time,
and has a just appreciation of the nec-
essity of sacrificing self in way of la-d
bor, and sleep, perhaps, for a time, he
can, and undoubtedly will, succeed.

Pigs at the present time, are jewels
of great value. It is worth the while
to do all that can be done to save
them. N. A. CLAPP.

Sheepmen complain that some of
the big packing firms have been ac-
tive bidders for lambs and sheep re-
cently in feed lots and feeding sta-
tions, their sole object being to obtain
flocks of fat live muttons at less than
open-market prices by eliminating
competition as far as possible.

Large supplies of prime Kansas fed
cattle have been marketed in Chicago
during recent weeks. Horace Thomp-
son, of Kansas, marketed there a short
time ago two carloads of fancy Here-
ford steers of his own feeding which
averaged 1,453 lbs. at $9.95 per 100
pounds.

 

Satisfied Advertiser.

“I have sold over 50 cockerels, 30
geese, and 30 ducks, also some eggs
and baby chicks, from my ad. in the
Michigan Farmer this winter. Have
had as many as ten inquiries in one
day for stock and eggs. The Michigan
Farmer is certainly a good advertising
fieélfium.”—TO E. Hawley, Ludington,

1 .

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

‘lllllllflllllillllllllllinllllllllilllllhll|||||||l

wry!!!
lIlIllIlllI t . ‘ .

Illlllll
mun

+7:luu ‘ ill

.
’J
’

economy.

features.
on a 15-foot circle.
2 to 3% miles per hour.

Nothing that would add to its convenience or reliability
has been overlooked—all controlling levers are conven-
iently located and it is equipped with a safety cranking

Strengthens Every Argument

LL that can be said for tractor farming is made
stronger by the GasPull.
power, convenience to durability, simplicity to

And on top of that it is low priced. s

The handiness and light weight of the GasPull are big
It weighs only 11,000 pounds and will turn
It can be equipped for speeds from

 
 
  

    

mluumuuuululTr -1“ l
. . I'll/All

i "Illullllll I
._—.If

 

It .adds handiness to

,7 Kazan/4.7%: an. '

., 44/, in,

device and a dependable foot brake. \
The motor is powerful and smooth running, the lubri- "
cating system is efficient, and all. working parts are well
protected from dirt and the weather.

You can count on the GasPull to handle all your power jobs—15
horsepower on the draw-bar and 30 horsepower on the belt—and no

tractor is more conservatively rated.

Write for a catalog and prices.

Advance-Rumely lines include the famous OilPull tractor, Rumely
traction plows and the new All Purpose small farm tractor, thresh-
ers, steam engines, hullers and huskers—all dependable machines
and backed by Advance-Rumely service.

ADVANCE-RUMELY THRESHER Co;

La Porte

Battle Creek. Mich.

(Incorporated)

Indiana

 

 

 
 
 
 

Get MoreWool

Get Longer Wool
Get More Money

for your wool by shearing with 3 Stewart machine because
such wool has a longer fibre. Wool buyers pay more (or
long staple—and you get the longest by shearing wrth a

Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearlng
(Q. Shearing Machine

This ls. without question. the most perfect hand
operated shearing machine ever devised. Has
ball bearings In every part where friction or wear
occurs. Has a ball bearing shearing head oi the
latest improved Stewart pattern.

 

   
 
 
  
  
 

” Price of muchine.
all complete. including
4 combs and 4 cutters
of the celeb rated
Stewart quality is

Only $ll§9

Get one from
your dealer. or
send $2.003nd we
will ship-C. O. D.
T for balance
‘ Mo n e y a n d

A g ,

. transportation

. . .U-D. ', “:"J’Q charges back if
u“ not pleased.

 

 

 

. .ouu. this"

 

    

 
 
  
   

Chicago Flexible Shaft Company
modern line of Horse Clipping and Sheep Shearing
WRITE FOR
CAN'T - SAG Farm Gates will

B 614 N. LaSalle St. Chic-no.1".
Write for big new catalogue showing the most complete and
' Machines on earth.

F“ E IT TODAY!

My Big New Catalog of .
o ey. Write for

“W ”a mit'lNOW—TODAY. ,

        

    
 

    

Coat less than All wood—Int 5 times g long
—cnn't sag. rut, warp or twnst. . ‘ our-dc
'j double bolted (not nailed) between 8 uncle
. steel up rights. uni-unread 6 years. You can
gel: complete Guess or just the Gate Steels so
am cunll'nlko your own gates and save money.
rite for Catalog. ALVIN V. ROWE. Prue.
233W! MFG. COMPANY

 
 
 

    
 
    
 

Galuhur'. Ill. (

             

   
   

 
 

  
  

- -- »r “I.....__.. .r... . . . _ ,
_.. ‘4 .A...

FOR FEED. $2”: 3533? £33.

VOUNG-RANDOLI’H SEED CO. Owosso. Mlc .

I
l

 

DEATH rot HEAVEs

N Ew T o N 9 lleav Conch. Distemper
and digestion Cure.
Some case- ourod by In or 2nd 5| can.
Three cans are guaranteed to our.
heaven or money refunded.

     
 
 
 

   

he“. _. -;.\v f ' Tl
‘ \ $.27” ‘leu l-7 u ,‘ ~~ .,:, . w -. l
, "s 3'" ‘- .5, .- 9
._ {A MMN '

a“)? \iufqgj/mlpn. "/

 

 

  
 

Q

" ‘ The orlglnal and the up—to-dato
Standard Veterinary Remedy for Heaves; free booklet
explains fully. 34 years sale and veterlnary use.

BORES HEAVES BY CORRECTING CAUSE-
INOIOESTIOH. IT’S A GRAND CONDI-
TIONER AND WORM EXPELLER

Safe. Most economical. Excellent for Cattle and Haas.
01.00 per can at dealers, at same price by parcel post.

THE NEWTON REMEDY 00.. Toledo. 0“.

‘5 lfyouye a man's work to do -~ “

“Wear TOWERS FISH BRAND

 

      
 

 
  
  

  

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

”RITE FOR = ' 0
L. : - - - ' : I o
M7505" _ . . .
f—AM
REF/’6 < Over 26,000,000 rods Brown
V » Fence already sold to 400,000
farmers. Factory Prices,

 

FreightPrepaid. 150 style-

ISc per rod up. Gates and

Steel Posts. tool Write postal.

1'": IRON" FENCE & WIRE. co.
“W49 I - 0 cum-m. OH.

 

 

 

SEND N0 norm

10 bar 47 in. all No. 9
fence, .12 in. stay,

4254c. 6 1n. stay. 57340.
DIRECT FROM FACTORY
, Write postal for com-

plete price list.

Standard Supply House

 

 

 

. . . 3355Nr6tnSt.
Noblesvllje. Indiana:

 

 


 

 

488—8
What's Your Notion

of GOOD Threshing?

THIS IS DUES!

 

The Red River Special
' With
THE BIG CYLINDER

Power, weight md momentum. The strong-
est and largest design that is used.

THE MAN BEHIND THE mm
Our patented device that separates most of
the grain right at the Big Cylinder.

THE BEATINE SHAKER:
That BEAT the straw from the under side

and knock out every kernel of grain that is in it.

THE ADJUSTABLE CHAFFER
That cleans the grain as it should be cleaned,
ready for market.

That gets rid of all of the straw, but none of

the grain. This is a special feature,

peculiar to the make.
Many of your own neighbors have written to
tell us their opinion of the Red River Special
and the work that it has done for them The
Home Edition of our threshing paper contains
their letters. Send for a copy. Ask for the
Big Catalog as well when you write. We’ ll be
glad to send you one.

lllllllOLS 81 SHEPARD 60.

(In Continuous Business Since 1848)
BUILDERS EXCLUSIVELY OF

THRESH ING MACHINERY

Red River Special Thrashers. Feeders, Wind Stacker!
Steam and Oil-Gas Traction Engines

(11 BATTLE one“. - Micmoau

T H E M—I C- H I'G A

E have been exceedingly curious
to know how long dairymen
would consent to sorqe of the

.methods in practice in the inspection

of milk before they would stand up
and demand for themselves some real
consideration.

We have discussed through these
columns from time to time, our ideas
as to the way in which the market
milk problem should be handled. We
have suggested repeatedly that the
legislature should be importuned or
the government petitioned to appoint
a commission of competent men to in-
quire into the methods of producing
and marketing milk which goes into
the city milk supply, with the idea of
advising the legislature what steps
should be taken to secure a uniform
treatment of the dairymen throughout
the state, to secure a high—grade arti-
cle of food for the consumer and to
eliminate the very frequently arbitrary
rulings and inspections of different
boards of health and different govern-

‘ment officials and to make the business

of dairying a business worth while to
the farmer.
The Record of the Legislature of 1905.
It seems strange to me that this con-
sideration has been withheld so long.
Influenced by its appreciation of the
extent of the dairy industry in this
state and its enormous possibilities for
the betterment of the farmers of the
state, the legislature of 1905 went on
record in one of the most unique man-
ners of any recorded example, in mak-
ing it the duty of the State Dairy and

 

 

HQ?
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\ihe'a' '

1.3621 Mamba manna-mt 42mm .:-

‘Wlflz 1

"mammwmmwmm: -'

Wmmayawwwr
.

Good Drains Means
Better Crops

If your farm is well drained it will
produce more and your returns will
be greater.

American Vitrified Tile

is best for drains—both private and
public. it comes in sizes from three
111ch to‘J71’11chaud it is both frost
and acid—proof,

Ask your dcalcr or scnd for (‘arload
Prices.

American Sewer Pipe (:0.
200 St. James St, JACKSON. Mlcu.

 

4 H. P.
Coon-nan
on a Blinder.

#2? Saves a Team

/.\
r. '_ w, ‘ .mr’rfn

  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 

 

\‘1The one successful
fil‘Binder Engine. At-

binder. Two horses
- asily pull 8«ft bind-
erin heavy grain. as
_ ijnginedrives sickle

Throttle Governed. Very
light weight. 4H. P. only
190le. Forced water cool-
ing system prevents over.
heating. Tank on front bal-
ances engine on rear. FriCo
tion Clutch Pulley Ask for
Engine Book. 4 t020 H. P.

cushman Motor Works
““823 North 21.: unmet“

 

AILPM Truek- 4mm

 

Our 3 e e d i s
genuine N orth-
w e s t e. r 11, dry-
land,11on-irri-
gated. from old

fields and of exceptional purity. It grows strong,
hardy. permanent plants. Beautifully illustrated
Ffitfifilog containing full description and samples

THE 0. It. DePUY OOIPANY
rounac. men.

 

’Food Commissioner to foster
l courage
E state.

l

; ture

and en-

the dairy industry in this
Many members of that legisla-
Wcre personally aware of the

l . . .
enormous influence ior good WlllCh the

 

dairy industry has upon the people of
the state. Many sections of the state
lay their present flourishing condition
entirely at the root of the dairy indus-
try. In many sectious the farmers”
only cash income is through the medi-
um of the dairy business, and if we
were to take a poll of individual farm-
ers throughout this state we would
find an overwhelming sentiment testi—
fying to the importance of this indus-
try to the business of farmers in gen-
eral. The dairy cow‘ has been the
mortgage lifter on many and many a
dairy farm, and we are not compelled
to go to the farming districts to appre-
ciate that indeed, the dairy cow is, as
it were, the foster mother of the hu-
man race.

Let the milk supply he cut off for a
day or so and 110w clearly it is felt
within the confines of the city. The
consumers owe quite as much to the
producers of milk, indeed, as the pro-
ducers owe to the consumer, and it is
extremely important that these rela-
tionships be inter-dependent and
should be handled by men who know
and men in whom the people have
confidence

 

" .chments for any t9”,

Qualifications of a Milk Inspector.

The sclection of a cit) milk inspec-
101, as he is considered in some quar-
is a matter of as great import-

lance ieally as the selection of 11111

I

 

othei oflicei in the city government.
A man who knows how to test milk is
not by that knowledge alone, compe-
tent to become a city milk inspector;
a man who knowa how to produce milk
on a farm, is not, by that evidence
alone, competent to become a city
milk inspector; and the man, regard-
less of his other qualifications, who is
at all imperialistic or autocratic in his
ideas is much less than either of the
first mentioned fitted to fill the office
of city milk inspector.

The farmers of our country are per-
haps, if anything, the most independ-
ent class of people we have. What
they obtain in the way of financial re-
turn is obtained in a way in which
they exactly know. There is no spec-

N FARMER

IThe Milk Inschtion Problem

By FLOYD W. ROBISON

ulation with them. It is a matter of
hard-earned and well-deserved com:
pensation, and for any individual no
more a citizen than he, possessed of
no inalienable rights, to tell him what
he must or must not do in the regula-
tion of his business, can never fit into
the administration of a business Which
requires the giving and taking to the
extent that the business of producing
and marketing of city milk demands.

The Issue is Raised by George B.
Horton.

We have read with much interest
and with deep appreciation, the ad-
dress of the Hon. George B. Horton,
on the “Modern Idea of Dairying,” as
given at the Lenawee County Round-
up Farmers’ Institute, and published in
the last issue of the Michigan Farmer.
We said at the beginning of this arti-
cle that we were surprised that these
matters were not more forcibly in-
quired into and that it had not been
done before. We think all of our read-
ers will agree that when inquiry is
made by a man of the standing and
undoubted integrity of Mr. Horton, it
bespeaks a real awakening in the
minds of the dairymen and a determi—
nation to see if this business of dairy-
ing cannot be put upon a plane where
a man can engage in it and hold up
his head with the consciousness that
he is engaging in a legitimate and
profitable business.

There is only one way that we can
see, only one line of action which
seems to us‘will accomplish our re-
sults. The legislature of 1905 started
in the right direction, by providing an
executive department of this state with
power to do things which should be
done, and which a sincere officer finds
must be done to develop and foster
and encourage an industry which the
chosen representatives of the people
of the state realized, is essential to
the permanent welfare of the state.

The Problem Requires Competent
Non-partisan Deliberation.

We must go farther than this now.
The question of what should be done
to remedy the evils which have re-
peatedly and steadily grown upon us
is in all probability beyond the ability
of one man to correct. This is the
function of the legislature and we are
not anxious that a legislature by itself
should attempt to decide what should
be done, what laws shall be passed,
what laws should be changed, to bring
about a harmonious result and to bring
about the highest degree of perfection
in the quality of the products produc-
ed; because political discussion has
brought us probably as far as we can
go by that means. The members of
the legislature have not time to de-
vote to this investigation but there
should be at their command, through
their own instance or through the gov-
ernor‘s, a concise resume of the de-
liberations of a committee of compe-
tent men who have proposed a feasi-
ble scheme which should govern all
over the state. The dairyman supply-
ing milk to the 'city of Ann Arbor, the
city of Howell, the city of Kalamazoo,
the city of Lansing or any other com-
munity should be governed by exactly
the same conditions which confront
the dairymen who supply milk to De-
troit, Grand Rapids and our other large
cities. It should not be within the
pow er of:1 board of health of any city
to impose conditions arbitrarily, or
conditions which are not warranted
by good judgment on any business,
particularly a. business of the far-
reaching importance of the dairy bus-
iness.

Let us be Frank with Each Other.

Our readers know that these col-
umns have never been used to stir up
antagonism between the farmer and
the city inspector, or the consumer. In
our discussions before farmers’ organ-
izations, instead of telling them their

  

'wxmgL-Txévaw-«wfiw“=44. ' , ,

 

' APRIL 4 8, 1916.

good points or how much they have
been abused by city organizations, we
have told them in plain language the
responsibility which rests "upon them
in their dealings with the consumer.
We have told them the consumer’s
side of the story in the effort to get
them to appreciate the consumer’s
point of View, and the consumer’s prob-
lem, so that while they are thinking
over their various grievances there
will be at hand, to think of, some in-
formation regarding the consumer's
problem and his interests. In talking
with city organizations, executive ofli-
cials and consumers, we have spread
before them the many difliculties
which the farmer finds in the way of
producing the dairy product which he
does submit for the consumer’s ap-
proval. Nothing can be gained, nor
progress made, in talking the dairy
business to consumers and producers
from the standpoint of the politician.
His effort is to please for his own ends.
Our efforts must be to achieve positive
results through an acquaintance by
the producer and consumer, each with
the individual problems and points of
view of the other. .._

Scientific Dairying has had Many Able
Advocates in this State.

For the past forty years and more,
prominent men of this state have been
going up and down, in and out, advo-
cating the installation of scientific
methods of farm and dairy manage-
ment. The idea of cleanliness in the
dairy is not a new idea. Farmers have
been taught the modern methods of
milk production; have been taught the
methods by which milk becomes con<
taminated and hence an inferior arti-
cle of food. They have learned about
bacteria and know, more or less in a
general way, how these germs affect,
for good or evil, the product which
they produce. There is no difference
of opinion among farmers at the pres
ent time as to the desirability of pro-
ducing clean milk; there is no denying
the fact among them that consumers
have the right to demand clean, high
grade milk. It requires no argument
of executive olficials to convince dairy-
men of this fact. We may safely start
with this premise but in so doing we
should bear in mind that we must ex-
pect to find the dairyman‘s first in-
terest must necessarily be in the re-
muneration which he is to expect from
the business in which he is engaged.
There is no need of avoiding this
point. There are very few commer-
cial businesses that are built up and
operated devoid of the financial con-
siderations as the first consideration.
This is natural. Why should it be ex-
pected less of the dairyman than of a
physician, :1 business man, a lawyer,
or, if you please, an executive officer?

Each one has his clients’ interests
at heart, but with that greater degree
of satisfaction will he enter into it if
he realizes that he will secure ade
quate pay for his services at the same
time.

The Business Must be Made Worth
While to the Dairyman.

We must not allow our enthusiasm
in the securing of a merchantable, safe
milk, blind our eyes to the fact that
this can never be a SUccessful propo-
sition until we have returned a finan-
cial consideration of sufficient magni-
tude to let the dairyman realize he is
engaged in a profitable business.

There are men in this state who own
and operate successful modern dairies,
who know as much about milk and its
various by—products as is known by the
most competent authOrities in the coun-
try, who have not been able to market
their milk on the city market because
they would not submit to the dictates
of What they called arbitrary execu-
tive officials. The state law should
take this matter in hand and provide
a uniform, and we would have it rigid,
statute for city milk.

Our next issue will take up ore in
detail the ideas which we bakers
presented in a general way.

”'4 awwdék‘...‘,_p¢_fl _

    

 

 

 


 

 

l
l
f

 

APRIL '8, 1916.

Is the Dairy Farmer Making‘Good?

By W. MILTON KELLY.

The common notion, especially in
milk producing communities, is
that he is not, that as a business man
he is a practical failure; that the feed
dealers and the big milk companies
find it easier to separate him from his
just profits than to take cream from
fresh milk with a modern power sep-
arator. For many years it has been
claimed that after settling his accounts
at the feed dealers and country store
the milk producer had very little mon-
ey to show for his year’s business.
Once this question of whether a man
can invest in dairy cows and equip-
ment and make it pay profits would
have been promptly answered in the
affirmative; today some of the best
posted farmers in the milk producing
business will tell you they don’t know.
Under the spell of modern agricultural
enthusiasm many thousands of capa-
ble farmers have installed excellent
dairy plants—just plain buildings,
equipment and good grade cows—not
fancy dairy establishments with an
absurd overhead expense. How many
of these men have succeeded in pro-
ducing a suitable quality of milk and
found a ready sale for it at remunera-
tive prices?
Can Dairying be Made Profitable?
These men had the idea that the
harsh and disagreeable features of
dairy farming had largely disappeared;
that dairy farming was a sadly neg-
lected and undeveloped business where
the application of plain business brains
would bring a rare and beautiful har-
vest ot' profits. But after a few years’
experience with crop growing, cow
feeding and getting along with hired
labor, they have now discovered it
costs several cents per gallon more to
produce a gallon of quality milk than
they can get for it from the city milk
companies, creamery companies or
condensaries. These are the men who
are debating the question: Has a
practical business farmer with expen-
sive land, good buildings and equip-
ment, a fair chance to realize a profit
from an investment in the dairy busi-
ness. And some of these men are de-
bating the question with a seriousness
that demands a fair and thoughtful
answer—one on which they may, per-
haps, take definite and practical action.
Not long ago a practical fruit grow-
er, who owns 40 acres of pear and ap-
ple orchard and 120 acres of farm land,
put the question to the writer: “You
have had twelve years’ experience op-
erating a dairy farm, and spent con-
siderable time during the past five or
six years going about the country in-
vestigating dairy conditions, talking
with breeders of registered dairy cat-
tle, producers of certified milk and
farmers who have made a success and
done things a little out of the ordinary.
What about the dairy business as a
complement to the fruit growing busi-
ness? Would you advise me to invest
in good buildings, equipment and dairy
cows and produce a few cans of milk
a day so that I can keep my two regu-
lar hired men busy during the off sea-
sons? 01‘ is it true that one must be
a born dairy farmer and raised among
cows to make a success of it? I have
about 120 acres of farm land, worth,
perhaps $7,000 that is barely paying
operating charges, and I want to get it
in shape to produce crops to work in-
to manure for my berry and bush fruit
plantations. I’ve a notion that by us-
ing fertilizer quite freely to grow gen-
eral farm crops that I could use, at
least, a half of the manure for my ber-
ry and bush fruit crops. Then, too, I
want to keep my steady hands and
provide them with profitable labor dur.
ing the year so long as I am able to
exercise ordinary executive ability. Be-
sides I have a kind of desire to get
into something that will keep my mind
busy and not stagnate around the
house or country store during the win-

IS the dairy farmer making good?

 

THE MICHI

ter months. In your investigations
you must have found many farmers
who have developed dairying as a com—
plement to other branches of farming.
How have these men started and. how
have they succeeded? What would be
my chances of success, allowing, of
course, that I use an ordinary degree
of intelligence and back it up with the
capital needed to get things in run-
ning order? How much should I make
from 20 to 24 pretty good cows. I can
sell my milk for 16 cents per gallon
for the year. You don’t need to tell
me it all depends upon the man and
the farm. I know that at the start.
Don’t dodge the issue and play safe.
on the personal equation argument~—:
just get down to brass tacks and give
me a fair, straightforward answer to
the problem of making the business
pay. I want to know how and why."

Dairy Business Must Grow to be
Profitable.
In about six years of study and in-
vestigation, covering some of the most.

 

prosperous dairying sections of the
country the one observation that
stands out clearest of all is the fact ,
that so many farmers fail before they i
get properly started in the dairy busi-i
ness; they get discouraged because,
they never get far enough into the bus- '
iness to make it a serious undertak-g
ing. They start small and they do not i
grow. They do not figure the profit“
per cow so much as they figure thel
gross income. It does not appeal very ‘5
strongly to a man to make $10 to $20;
profit per cow on six or eight. cowsl
unless he. is of a deeply investigative i
turn of mind and can see in those re.—
sults possibilities of profit on a larger
number of cows. To make a profit of '
from $15 to $30 per cow on a herd of
from 24 to 30 cows sounds better. One
should keep enough cows to make the
business a really serious undertaking,
one wOrthy of a serious effort, the in
come from which will be sufficient to
make it worth while. Of course, it'
one knows nothing about. cows he may
get some valuable experience by dab-
bling with a few cows for a year or
two. The point to be understood is
that it is not necessary in these days
to go through all the preliminary stag-
es of investigating and experimenting
for oneself. The sooner the new dairy
farmer begins keeping enough cows to
consume his home-grown feeds and
keep his hired hands pretty vigorously
busy throughout the year, the better
for his ultimate success as a dairy
farmer.
The Kind of Cows to Select.

After the farm is properly equipped
to comfortably house and accommodate
a working dairy, the next thing which
confronts the dairy convert; is the se—
lection of cows. One may buy young
stock or a few old cows that have:
proved good breeders and producel‘s,i
at less cost than good, young cows, but ;
for the man who desires to become a
real dairy farmer—the most econom-
ical way is to start: by securing a herd
of efilcient, young cows, either high-'
grade or pure-bred. You are getting
something for your money when you
get a good young cow with a credible
milk record. You eliminate risk, de—
preciation and uncertainty; and you
get a fair start toward making the blis-
iness pay. Here, again, you must be
careful. Do not think that a cow is a
cow and that anything will do. You
will find that it will pay handsomely in
the end to buy cows that have the abil-
ity to produce economically as well as
abundantly.

The question of how much money to
pay for a cow is important. It is not
merely a question of how much the
cow costs, but of how much she will
produce. It is better to pay $100 for
a cow that will make a net profit of
$50 a year than to pay $50 for one
that will make a net profit of only $10.

 

 

Too much has been written of late

GAN FARMER

{Bigflé fl,

" you need a

 

CREAM SEPARATOR

st -- If you are still using someigravity or setting
= process of creaming—

BECAUSE your cows have likely freshened now and your supply of
milk is greater.

BECAUSE your spring work requires every minute of your time
and a good cream separator will be a great time and labor saver.

BECAUSE your young calves will thrive best with warm, sweet
separator skim-milk.

BECAUSE with your increased milk flow your greater waste of
cream, without a good cream separator, must run into more money
than you can afford to lose.

   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
     

2nd—lf you have a very old De Laval or an
= inferior separator whether new or old-

BECAUSE the losses of the poor separator from incomplete skim-
ming, and the tainted product of the hard-to-clean and unsanitary sep-
arator mean most when your volume of milk is the greatest.

BECAUSE of the ample and “more than advertised” capacity of the
De Laval, you can separate more quickly and save time when time
means most to you.

BECAUSE an Improved De Laval Cream
Separator is so much simpler and more easily
handled and cared for than any other, and you
can’t afford to waste time these busy days
fussing with an inferior or half worn-out
machine.

BECAUSE the De Laval Separator of today
is just as superior to other separators as other
separators are to gravity setting.

    
     
   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
    

Let the De Laval start saving cream for
you right now. See the nearest De Laval
agent at once. or if you do not know him.
write us direct for any desired information.

THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.

165 Broadway, New York 29 E. Madison Street, Chicago
50,000 BRANCHES AND LOCAL AGENCIES THE WORLD OVER

       
       
 

 

 

  
 
 
  

 

 

.Seltle the
5110 Question

—-and settle it for
good. D0 away With
repairs, with tightening
of lugs and adjusting of
hoops. lt'uow that your. silo won‘t blow
over. Be sure of perfect Silage at all times.
Build the worryless, efficient

Natco Imperishable Silo
“The Silo that Lasts for Generations"

It: hollow, vitrified, clay tile are impervious to air and moisture—they preserve

the sila e sweet and juicy. The dead air spaces in the wall resist frost—making it
the $110 for severe climates. The continuous, reinforcing bands laid in the
mortar hold it in a grasp of steel. It is a silo of qflicz'ency, and a silo
you’ll be proud of. Send for our silo catalog describing it fully.
Also get our splendid new book. ”Name On The Farm."
describing other farm buildings made of Natco Hollow
Tile and inst as efficient. 3011) books free. We
have many farm building plans to submit, and

  
  
   
  
    
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 

 

 

 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  

Permanency and Prosperity—Natal Silo,
18 x 36 and Natco Barn. 40 x x o, 0
High lrlill Daiiy Farm - PM i. Pa.

will help youf solvevafiur building ' l
b ’ , . t _
”201L135 to riind? amt? hi2: National
from you. Write today. Fire Proofing 5?,
Company

 
 

Nalco Silo \Vall.
Note perforatt-d shell.
providing linn anchor
age {or mortar Joints.

1 1 l 5 Fulton Building)
Pittsburgh - - pg,
23 Factorx'ts— Prampt Shaman“

    
   
   

 

   
   

  
  

TheWest Bend line includes Steel and Wood Stanchions (automatically
and indivndually operated), Feed and Litter Carriers. Watering Bowls
and complete systems. Writ: today far In: catalog .rhowinz mun Iim.
is only one of the many valu- (
I

-' - I. I
able.$ime- , - - _ , ‘ it... pl!” ‘l
hag—:35: ‘, . ' _ ‘ (fliwl! plaid)”:
int: eat— , . c

’ fiend

(egg/”BA R N

uresof
'1 . ,_ _ .- " ' EQlill’l‘lliN'l‘

'Th's l. vczr C " tr 1 E t' R

With West Bend Automatic \

Swinging Stanchions you can
lock up or release 2 to 50 cows

at one throw of a lever as easy as

you can operate one stanchion n __,__-.___

with other equipment. This . ' “

  
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  

Wu! Bend \‘
Equip-cut. ‘.

       

 


 
  

 

THE MICHIGA

‘ \\._\ . .
1 \ . , \ 3‘. .1 t“
\ \\\\\\\\\\\;\\. \\\\\\\\\‘\\, \\\.\\\ll“l\\\\\\\\\\\\\xy1\\‘ " \ \uu

agility/Prior

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‘\\\\\\\\\\\“\

  

HEN your herd grows you don’t need to buy a new
separator, if you use a Sanitary Milwaukee. Simply
get a larger capacity bowl. If you have only a few cows,
the 500- lb. bowl will fill the bill—as your herd grows the
750-1b. or 900-lb. bowl will take care of your requirements.
It’s the only separator made that Grows with the Herd.”

Gets More Cream
With Hall as Many Discs

The skimming bowl in the Sanitary Milwaukee is a wonder
for quick, easy, clean skimming. The discs are made of rust
proof aluminum. Because of their tapered thickness and the
proportional feed slides, the Sanitary Milwaukee does better
work with only half as many discs as in other separators.
The discs are not numbered. Put them on bowl core
in any order. There are no holes or pockets to catch and
hold impurities. The smooth
aluminum discs are as easy to
wash as a coffee cup, no trouble
,at all to thoroughly clean—not
merely rinse them.

Certificate of Test With
Every Outfit

Every Sanitary Milwaukee bowl is tested

with whole milk before it is shipped. You
get a sworn certificate of this test—you
know exactly what your separator will do before you
buy it. You also get an iron-clad guarantee.

 
       
     
    
     
   
   
     
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 

  

 
   
 

Write today for new illustrated catalog
and name of your nearest dealer

 
   
 

Milwaukee Separator Mfg. Company
243 Madison St., Milwaukee, Wis.

R078 8

 
   
 

 

Ensilage Cutters and
Silo Fillers with Blower

\ow is the time to inv estignte the differ-
ent makes of Hilo F illers l‘ he more you
know all out thcse 111acl1i11es.the e1 1sicr it
will be for you to make the right selection.

Special Proposition for
, Early Orders
2', Don' twa1t until you get busy w1th other work.
Silo agents w ill also find it to their {I(l\ an—
t Lge to know all about the exclusiv e
ability of the Ross Silo F illers. W rite
for information. Agents Wanted.

THE E. W. ROSS CO.,Bsx 11-1 Springfield ll. >\

 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
  
  

     
  
 

 
 
 

Guaranteed free
from defects for
We of machine.

    

 

 

A tomplete line at dzfermt prim. Strength,
easy to operate, safe and simple looks. The
best of materials are used in all models.
Wood.or steel with woodlining. They are

I Adjustable to Small Call or Large'Cow

We also make a complete line of Steel Stalls for

cattle or horses; Water Bowls: Cow Cal! and Bull

Pens; Feed Trucks and 26 styles of Carriers.

Ask us about Stanchion No. 3—it s a winner. STEEL
STALLS

MITCHELL MFG. (10., ’hhifik‘dii‘ifivfi"

 

' 1.19/1 e- L
319191 51753124211

Frame

Low
Food
Table

MarkettheMilk

Raise your calves
and get the bigger
money to w h i c, 11 you
are entitled. But do not

the corn to the machine feed the calf whole milk,
fast enough’ , says one Sil- . with butter fat worth
berzahn user. Another owner 3500 3 ton.
says, “'lfl were buying a hundred You can I." all
they would all be Sllberzahns". The the mothor cow’s

new 1916 Silberzahn is truly a wonder. mllkorhuttor and
Has all steel frame, automatic feeding make your cnlfpay
device, low food table, low speed strata: {OHM a bit profit on
blower, malleable knife heads, positivo W“
safety device. It’ s the King of Ensilnge

Cutters—the best you can buy.
Write your name and address on the
margin oflthis ad and mail today for
new cats 03‘. W“
GEHL nnos. MFG. co. .fififigfioigggfiv‘ in?“ “bi-11‘
in So. Water 81.. West Bend, Wis. " a... ”1.423....

Illthonl'O "Imp
Do i}. 154,2022Horton Ave., “‘3“me Without-gel: or ‘mn 0U.
rand Rapids, Mich.

“We couldn’t get

” m mar-u mu- m '
‘32: get lgocfnlllonn o finiflrm feed from 100901111an

lll’llake your Jawlm “mils“

II much. It
We

 

 

 

\

‘ per quart.

N FARMER

a cow that cost only $50 has proved to

be worth 8100. And there are many
cows for which $100 has been paid
that have been worth only their value
for beef.

Breeding up the Herd.

In these days of wonderful milk rec-
ords dairy experts and dairy writers
are telling us how easy it is to breed
up a herd of cows that will produce an
average of from 12,000 to 14,000 pounds
of milk per cow per year. The general
advice is to buy a pure-bred bull from
a line of heavy milking ancestry and
of a breed adapted to the farm and
type of dairy farming one is following,
grade up the herd, sell the strubs, and
run the business so as to make money
selling milk at three and a half cents
All of this advice makes
good reading and probably inspires
the masses. Theoretically, it is the
short cut out of the dilemma, but only
a few have found it the practical route.
Figuring on the cost of producing milk
should be based on what happens on
the average, and not what some of the
best cows in the herd produce.

Acting upon the belief that discre-
tion is the better part of valor after
making a bold statement the writer is
going to throw the burden of proof
upon a man who is in a position to de-
fend his statements. Let us study a
bulletin from the Storr‘s Experiment
Station giving the results of the. Con-
necticut Agricultural College herd for
five years, together with some of Prof.
J. M. Trueman’s remarks.

"The college herd consists of Jer-
seys, l-Iolsteins, Ayrshires and Guern-
seys. It contained 25 milking cows on
the average for five years included in
the records. The cows have virtually
been raised on the college farm. Only
four were bought in the five years,
and only one of those remains in the
herd today. VVell-bred bulls have been
kept and a. constant effort has been
made to improve the herd by breeding
and selection. Most of the increase in
milk flow, however, has come by bet-
ter feeding and care rather than from
better cows. A careful study of the
animals in the herd at the present
time, compared with those in the herd
five years ago, shows that, the individ-
uals are not much improved.

Results of Breeding Work.

“This is a distinct disappointment to
those who have charge of the breed-
ing. It was hoped that enough good
calves would be born every year to
keep on increasing the average milk

‘yield to seven and then to eight and

possibly nine thousand pounds per
cow. It has been found possible to in-
crease the yield from 5,000 to 6,000
pounds without much trouble, but fur-
ther improvement is slow. A large
number of the heifers born fall below
that standard and must be discarded.
This adds greatly to the cost of main-
taining the herd.”

My own experience, as well as that
of many milk producers with whom I
have compared notes, leads meto say
that the Connecticut figures approxi-
mate the results obtained by practical
dairy farmers who have purchased
pure-bred bulls and attempted to build
up their herds. The first crop of calves
from the pure-bred dairy sire almost
always show a vast improvement, and
by the continued use of prepotent sires
of the same breed it is possible to
gradually increase the average produc-
tion of the herd until the cows, if well
fed and given proper care, will yield
somewhere between 7,000 and 8,000
pounds of milk per year. Of course,
certain individuals will produce far
above the average, While others will,
for various reasons, such as abortion,
accidents, or inferior capacity, fall far
below that average.

Breeding Pure-bred. Cows.

Provided a. man has the time, incli-
nation and necessary capital it may

‘1

, pay him to add another string to his

money-making bow and buy a herd of
pure-bred cows and gradually develop
that phase of the business. The ex-
perience gained by working with a
small but select lot of pure-bred cattle,

_ APRIL 8, 1916.

in connection with his milk producing
herd, will prove of great value and by
the time he has enough pure-bred cows
to make up a working dairy he will be
able to conduct the herd so as to make
it pay satisfactory profits. It is always
better to go into the business on a
moderate scale and learn to creep be-
fore you attempt to walk. Breeding
pure-bred cattle is quite an undertak-
ing and one should know cows from
A to Z before he invests too liberally
in foundation stock.

After getting together a herd of etfi‘
cient cows, either grade or pure—bred,
the next problem is that of providing
an abundance of good feeding mate-
rials. A careful study of crop produc-
tion on dairy farms shows that the
cow that produces only 4,000 pounds
of milk per year is no more to be reck~
oned with than the acre of ground
that yields but 30 bushels of corn in a
season. When they are both found on
the same farm conditions are doubly
bad.

Dairying and Farm Management.

Every acre should be made to con
tribute something toward the support
of the business. The two most vital
questions before the dairy farmers are
feed and fertility. These two ques
tions are so closely related that they
should be considered together, for the
more fertile the soil the larger the
crops, and the more cows can be kept
and the more manure can be made.
The growing of suitable food crops for
the dairy herd carries with it the idea
on intensive practice, an increase of
soil residues, and a gradual building
up of the soil. The need of a wider
growth of suitable forage, grass and
grain crops is shown by the tendency
on the part of dairy farmers to neg.
lect their farming and purchase pro-
tein concentrates. In too many cases
the soils are not improving; they are
growing too little and buying 100 much
both of feeds and fertility. To buy
standard protein feeds such as cotton-
seed meal, oil meal, gluten, brewers'
and distillers' dried grains is entirely
proper. The great economic fault is
that of buying too much. both of feeds
and fertility, that should be produced
on their own farms. This kind of farm-
ing does not require much skill, neith-
er does it: pay much profit. Unless a
man is willing to study the crop grow-
ing problem and grow as nearly as pos-
sible a balanced ration of suitable feed-
ing materials on his own farm, he had
better not. invest in dairy barns, equip-
ment and cattle.

The Crop Rotation.

In adopting a mop rotation f01 the
dairy tai 111, com, oats, peas, cloy e1 and
timothy are the best rotation crops in
a northern climate. Alfalfa is without
doubt the best forage and fodder crop
and it ought .10 have a place on every
dairy farm where it will grow success-
fully. On many farms soy beans should
be grown to put in the silo with the
corn crop. It improws the protein
content of the silage and helps to 1".»
duce the use of purchased concen-
trates.

Thousands of dairy farmers haw
made their farms pay a profit by grow-
ing a cash crop of high market value
in the rotation practiced in growing
food for the cattle. Potatoes, wheat,
beans and timothy hay are the most,
common crops—others grow fruit and
truck crops. On a. large number of
farms the growing of these crops has
nearly doubled the labor income and
reduced the labor and teamwork charg
es against the dairy end of the busi-
ness more than 40 per cent. This ex-
plains, in a. measure, how it is possible
for many dairy farmers to lose money
on their milk business and still make
a comfortable living from their farms.
The man who has a good apple and
pear orchard and other small fruit
plantations and 120 acres of reason-
ably fertile land should be able to de-
velop a profitable dairy business and
keep production costs lower than one
who has only one source of income.
The purchase of a liberal amount of
fertilizer to encourage the growth of

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

APRIL 8, 1916.

about the high prices of cows and too
little about their ability to produce
economically. The buyer should know
the quality of the cows he buys. Many
the rotation crops would undoubtedly
help to get the system well started so
that in a few years considerable of the
manure could be used to advantage on
the berry and small fruit plantations.
In case the manure is used for the
fruit crops one should not charge the
dairy business with the cost of fertil-
izers used on the farm lands.

With a herd of from 20 to 24 good
cows and by keeping them on high
pressure one should be able to pro-
duce 56 gallons of milk daily during
the year which, at 16 cents pc’r gallon,
would give an income of $3,300 for
milk, and perhaps, $100 for the young
calves. From this we must deduct
$1,200 for purchased grain feeds, fer-
tilizers and seeds; $225 depreciation
of stock; $400 interest on investment
of $8,000; $70 taxes; $120 cost of silo
filling; and 60 per cent of the labor
cost of operating the farm, or $600.
This would leave a net profit of $785.
These figures are based on the results
to be expected from good producing
cows, the proper kind of home-grown
and purchased feeding materials and
good management. I consider it a fair
answer to the question the gentleman
submitted. '

A SUCCESSFUL DAIRY FARMER.

Reading the article in your issue of
March 25, on “How Many Cows to an
Acre?” called to mind an interesting
case of a farmer living in Marinette
county, Wisconsin, who has thirteen
cow‘s and a team of horses on a farm
of twenty-eight acres twenty—six when
you exclude the land on which the
buildings are situated. .

This in itself would not be so re-
markable were it not lor the fact that
nine years agN the former owner of
the same farm allowed it to be sold
for taxes because he could not make
a bare living for himself on the place
with two cows and one horse. The
land was, in fact, red sand on the edge
of a swamp. Now and then a foot of
soil from one field would transfer it—
self during a stiff 1101 theasteIner ,to a

neighboring field. Today Maitin Lor—
enzen, the owner, is looked upon as
the most successful grower of alfalfa
111-upper eastern Vt'isconsin. He takes
five tons per acre annually front the
fields devoted to alfalfa, which were
formerly “blow sa11d,’.’ and does not
think much of the accomt’ilishment.

\Vhy anyone should have elected to
farm 011 the piece of land in question
when all about were good land's cost.-
ing very little more than this strip of
sand 011 the edge of a swamp, I do not
know, but Lorenzen came from the
rugged lands of Denmark, and consid-
ers obstacles as one of the incentives
to good farming

\Vhen asked how he could keep thi1-
teen cattle 011 twentv- -six ac1es of land
that was 101 null} sand, Lo1enzen gave
this explanation: “The more cows I
keep the more the farm will support."
The use of crushed lime to correct soil
acidity and dairy farming are. the two
things which made of this former un-
productive spot a neat little farm
which is making a modest fortune for
its owner.

The. place is a good example of i11~
tensive. agriculture in more ways than
one. The farm lies on a main road,
and there was also a lane leading be-
tween two of the fields. Last fall Lor-
enzen tore the fences down along this
lane, and plowed up the space.

“I could reach both fields from the
main road,” he said, “and the land oc-
cupied as a lane will support another
cow.” There are not many square
feet of land on the Lorenzen farm
which are not serving their purpose
and yielding revenue to the owner. He
keeps in active touch with the Mari-
nette County Agricultural School, and
although he speaks and reads English
with difficulty, he keeps in touch with

 

'farm papers, farm bulletins and other

TH‘E MICHIGAN FARMER

sources of information and puts' into
practice the suggestions which his own
common sense tell him are likely to
prove successful. H. L. WOOD.

DAIRY PROBLEMS.

The Secretion of Milk.

I am at a loss to find out whether
milk is extracted from the blood by
the milk glands in the udder before or
at time it is milked out of the udder.
Some have the idea that the milk is
extracted from the blood between
milkings and stored in the udder, and
otheis think that it is taken from the
blood as it is milked out of the udder.
W hich is t1 ue? N. K.

The udder of the c011, o1 mammary
gland, is all the time secreting milk
from the blood. \Vhen the process of
milking begins the gland is stimulated
by this manipulation to secrete faster
or more profusely.

Between milkings the milk is stored
as complete or normal milk, in the
ducts of the udder and also in the cells
of the udder in a more or less degree
of completion. \Vhen milking begins
this portion already completed is
drawn off rapidly and that in process
of completion is rapidly completed to
take its place. No doubt some milk is

entirely produced irom the blood dur—.

ing the process of milking. Glands
secrete very rapidly when called upon
by nature at certain times, as for in-
stance, notioe the very liberal secrev
".lOII of the salivary glands when the
cow is eating dry food. There is suf-
ficient saliva secreted in a short time
to thoroughly moisten large quantities
of dry food.

Wheat Bran vs. Buckwheat Bran for

Cows.

\Vhat is the difference in value be-
tween wheat bran and buckwheat
bran for milch cows? Vx'heat bran is
$1.50 per cwt.. and buckwheat bran $1.

\K'ayne Co. St‘nsvuilinn.

Buckwheat bran is an uncertain
quantity. Sometimes it is simply the
hulls of the buckwheat and then it is
practically worthless as a food. It is
not digestible or palatable. Sometimes
it consists of the hulls, (bran proper),
and the 111iddlings mixed together.
Then it has more value. Some mills
where they make buckwheat flour,
bolt or screen, the hulls from the mid—
dlings. The middlings in this case are
valuable as food for dairy cows, con—

taining over :30 per cent protein, but
the bran. as stated above, is good for
nothing.

\Vln at. bran contains 15 1111' cent pro-
tein, and buckwheat. middlings 20 per
cent,
are the more

valuable. The probabil-

ity is that in the case mentioned the.

hulls and middlings are not separated

hence the buckwheat middlings

l

 

11—491

ed M

\ Our new
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represents every rea-
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practical suggestion, made

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years in the separator business.

’Wmm\\ \\\\\\\\\ \\\\\

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T h e y’ve
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1 00,000
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This is why it is meeting; with such
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We placed this new model on

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Machine oils itself
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then as they became better know ri. there

      
 
      
    
      
   
   
   
 

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follow ed a demand the like of which has never
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went into the thousands, tens of thousands.
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Here’s the separator that will get more cream
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description.

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Box 563 Lansmg, M1ch

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Auto-Oiled oWindmill i

ALL WORKING PARTS INCLOSED

and flooded with oil from the supply in the gear case,
which needs replenishing only once a year.

Put

your old .
Aermotor, ,
wheel '1
and vane ;
on this '

 
 
     
 
   
   
  

  
 
   
   
 

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Thl a heln‘lEt

 

 
 
 
 

self-oiled
motor.
and have
an up-'
to-date
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Small
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‘111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 111111
l I human 9

Don’t waste your time
climbing to 011 an old mill. Re-

    

 

and that. they go in that. locality under 2

the name of buckwheat bran,
would have. about the same feed value
as wheat bran.

An Early Silo Crop.

I would like some advice 011 silage
crops. \\'l1at would you recommend as
a silage crop to put in a silo early, as

‘ we are short. 011 pasture? Would oats
and cowpeas be good, and how do you
sow them? Do you think it would pay
to put them in the silo'or feed them
green? D. E. C.

Canada peas, the common field pea,
is the best, early soiling crop we have.
We. can sow a few oats with them to
hold them up somewhat, so We can
harvest. them better. This crop will
be ready to ensilo the last of June. It
should be cut when the peas are nice,-
ly formed in the pods. It doesn’t have,
to be run through a cutting box. If
the vines are well tramped, they will
keep r-perfectly in a good silo. This
pea vine silage makes a splendid food
for July and August feeding.

The trouble in using this crop, 01'
any other for that matter, to feed
green, for soiling, is that it gets ripe
too quickly. It only lasts a few days
as green feed.

About the cheapest feed for summer
drouth is corn silage kept over from
the previous year. To do this right
one should have a summer silo of
smaller diameter. Fill it in the fall
for the purpose of feeding the next
summer. Comx C. LILLIE.

which 1

 

 

 

   
 

place it, on your old tower, with an Auto—Oiled
Aermotor which will last you a lifetime and furnish
you an abundance of water.

IT NEEDS ATTENTION ONLY ONCE A YEAR.

Write for Folder- Hanger. It tell: all about Auto- Oiled Aer-
motoro and Easy- To- Build-Up Towers.

AERMOTOR C0., 1121 S. Campbell Ave. CHICAGO -‘ * .. .

   

 

 

 

 

n The Freeman Ensilage
Cuttei saves money on first
cost—sav es cost in Opel ation
-—saves in upkeep cost—that’s
why so many prosperous business

\\Write For Our Catalog

Describes entire Freeman Line—
all sizes of Cutters and up—to-datc
Freeman (Patented) Enclosed
Steel Carriers and Blowers. If
you want a Cutter that costs you less
to buy and less to operate, write

. for our Free Catalog today!
THE S. FREEMAN & SONS MFG. Cl).

212 Michigan Street

RACINE. WIS.

farmers “swear by” the Freeman.

The Firewall is strong, safe,
durable, convenient, pe1fcctly con
trolled. Force feed type—handles
biggest bundles w ith icmarkable
ease. It runs smoother and faster,
cuts cleaner, uses less power than
others. Has adjustablcknivcs, large
feed rolls, safety 11y \Vllt cl safety '
stop lever;c can be broug: ht 10S a standstill instantly
Enclosed Steel Carricrtl’atentcd) requires less power
reduces running expense, prevents feed blowing away.

‘ ' orEnc/osetz
‘ 2.1,, SteelCarrfcr

 

  

The Lanktord Cotton Filled Horse Collar enables the horse to put his

full strength into pulling without causing galls or sore shoulders. It the horse has
~ sore shoulders. or is suffering from 11113. this collar. it properly fitted. to
guaranteed to effect a speedy and permanent; cure.

Lankford Humane Horse Collar

The lcollar illustrated is made of best duck. trimmed in bed
’1 ea or, an 1.:111 attractive aarppc aran ce. Stufl’e with medicate
soft cotton, which gives it wonderful healing qualities. jun mate 1!
to fit any shape neck. eta as collar and pad com m.blned Will
:- not sweeny the horse. Best known collar to use on colts or horse:
unit 5commencin work. Yearly sales over I. 000 _.000 Pricel ‘
53nd up. not at your dealer" I. write us.

'0 Powers Mfg. Co, Dept. 27, Waterloo, la.

 
       
 

 
 
  
    
 
 
  

   

Every genuine
Lankfmd Collar Q
hast this
Tr ade Mark

 
    

  

 

 

”Wyn”. V... "Mum‘s.“ -- ~....,

 


 
 

 

Wmai._....w,».~...w ”MW .4"... _ -,_ .__,.. ,. ,

 

   

 

 

To Light Your House and Barns \

 

 

 

 

 

 

Carbide Lighting and Cooking Plants
Now Out -Sell All Others

You Will Now Find Carbide Li hts in houses, barns and out-buildings on over

a quarter of a mi lion farms—and

Carbide Gas Cooking Ranges and Hot Plates in most of the kitchens of these

same farm homes.
This means—that in the struggle for the “survival of the fittest,” Carbide-Light-and-Cooking

THE MICHIGAN 'FARMER ‘ *. APRIL8,1916.

 

 

 

 

Plants have won first place.

The Reason is Plain

For fifteen years, country home families have been
testing lighting plants of many types. Literally hundreds
of difierent kinds have been given thorough trials on
thousands of farms. ‘

The competition has been strenuous — many have
fallen by the wayside—a few of the best have survived—
and one “The Carbide Plant" has grown to out-sell all
the others.

Carbide Light and Fuel Plants are comparatively inex-
pensive—they are built to last a life time. Their parts are
simple and heavy—they don’t wear out and they call for few
or no repairs.

Carbide Light Plants, the modern kind, are automatic—
they work only when the lights and stove are “going"~—they
start and stop themselves—they merely require occasional
filling and cleaning, and they operate without care for weeks,
and even months at a time.

Filled with UNION CARBIDE these plants supply
brilliant light to every room in the house, and gas for the
cooking range in the kitchen. The lights can, too, be
equipped to turn on without matches-and are specially
adapted for use in barns and out-buildings.

In short, Carbide Light Plants give you not only ideal
light for country home requirements, but gas for cooking as
Well—both conveniences equal to the best used by the cities
millions.

Consider then all these advantages—the double value
of light and fuel, as against light alone—the advantage of

weekly or monthly attention as against daily attentioflhe
advantage of simple heavy parts as against delicate complex
parts—the advantage of parts which last a life time as
against short-lived parts which call for constant repairs and
renewals, and last but not least, the advantage of lower
cost—not only low first cost, but inexpensive maintenance
and inexpensive operation.

All told, there are some twenty reliable manufacturers
of efficient Carbide Light and Fuel Plants in the United
States. The plants made by theSe manufacturers include-—
those installed in cellars, those made to set in holes under
ground, and those which set on tap of the ground.

Our ovm business is confined to the sale of UNION
CARBIDE which all of these plants are built to use. For
the country home trade we carry immense stocks of UNION
CARBIDE in our own distributing warehouses, located in
every section of the United States. From these warehouses
we ship the Carbide in hundred pound‘“drums” direct to
most 300,000 country home customers. Kept in these drums
the Carbide lasts indefinitely.

While we do not sell the Carbide Plants themselves,
we are of course, vitally interested in helping our future
customers get plants that will give the greatest possible.
satisfaction. To this end we are always glad to furnish
confidential advice, and mail free of charge authoritative
printed matter telling just how Carbide Light and Cooking
Plants work, and how easily one can be set up on any
country place. Address your letter to—

Union Carbide Sales C0.—-Country Home Dept. 14

42nd Street Bldg, New York City, N. Y.

PeOples Gas Bldg, Chicago, Ill.‘

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

    

LITERATURE
POETRY
HISTORY an?
INFORMATION

 

 

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“ " $3 - \X

   

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‘17:: FARM BOY
an? GIRL
SCIENTIFIC an?
MECHANICAL

 

 

 

 

 

ezr

'l‘his Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.

eral attention has been given to
Mexico since the Revolutionary
War of 1911 which led to the resigna-
tion of General Diaz as president of
that republic, the recent invasion of
Mexican territory by United States
troops following the attack on Colum-
bus, New Mexico, by Mexican bandits
under the leadership of Gen. Villa, has
aroused a. much wider interest for Am-
ericans in the old Aztec country.
A few comparisons will give a much

A. LTHOUGH a great deal of gen:

Interesting Facts on Mexico
By A. HAYMAKER.

better comprehension of the size of
Mexico. The country is thirteen times
the size of Michigan. From the'east-
ern point of the peninsula of Yucatan
to the northwestern point of Lower
California is a distance of 1,950 miles.
The most southernly point is 1,250
miles south of the extreme northern

border. The northern boundary is
1,500 miles long, or one and one-half
times the distance from New York
City to Chicago. It is farther from El
Paso to Mexico City than from Detroit
to New Orleans. Mexico City is farth-
er from Tampico than Chicago is from
Buffalo, N. Y. These comparisons give

HA'I t Hi

llllllillllllllllillllllllllllllllllllll' IlllHHHi[llllllHIHHIIllI||HIHIHillItIIIH]l||lillIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllI[HINIHIIIlllllllllllllllilllllll|IlllllllIllllllllllllllllllltllllllllliitiH‘lH’HlHlIlillllIllill!HHIHHIHliiltliiilltltllillllllllllllllllllillllllllllllltllllllllHHHHHIIIHIHI!till,”tmtiitnttl’liliiit’llllll tilti. t. t tt .iitttillllliilil

WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES

 

Observation Tower Being Used by
United States Troops.

 

 

1., “A ,_ f
r x xxx

Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

one a gene 'al idea of the vastness of
the territory of Mexico.

There are two general ranges of
mountains passing across the country,
as are shown upon the. accompanying
map. The one to the east is the Sierra
Nevada, and the Western range is a
continuation of the Rocky Mountains
of the l’nited States. Between these
two ranges the surface consists of an
elevated plateau \vhile steep slopes lie

between the mountains and both
coasts. The peninsula of California
iiiiiiiiitlititlli“Him!litttltlttiililiitIiiiii ”ltt’lttli llii illillIIIIIIIHHHHHIHltltlfi'tlllllllli

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suit of Georgette Crepe Trimmed
with White Silk Braid.

 

 

 

 

      
  

Eighth U. 3. Machine Gun Cavalry Troop in Action on Mexican Border. ‘Trench in-Douaimont Hills, Verdun, where World's Greatest Battle is on.

Copyright by Underwood. a Undrwood N. 1

 


 

494—14

.v. .3

T H E" M I c H I G A N' F’A iiiM E’i'Ri

 

APRIL 8, 1916. _ '

 

   

Farm Values

It was written for farmers—
not engineers; about country
roads—not city pavements.
Its language is plain—its
pictures convincing.

It covers the entire subject

of roads: location, correc-

tion, grading, drainage and
lupkeep. It explains all
modern methods and the
use of all up—to-date road
? building machinery.

 

 

m
4—.—

_Used now as a text book
in over fifty colleges and
umversrties. .

 

 

This Valuable leek Free

Better roads increase farm values,
develop better schools and
churches and open up greater
business and social advantages.
You need this book. Every road
commissioner, supervisor or farmer
interested in the great National
movement for better roads should
have a copy. Write for yours
today.

Good Reeds Book No. IOU-F l

.4

E. I. in Paul de liemours ii. to.

Wilmington, Delaware

 

 

 

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of as fineroller patent flour
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Write now for our free illus-
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WonderfulFiour lliill."tr|al
offer-mmces.terms.pinns.etc.
, Angio-Amerlcan Illl co..m.,
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l .

Plant Trees Grown at

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11‘ you want. vigorous, hardy stock. if you want reli-
able varieties, if you want reasonable prlccs and
satisfaction with your purchase. send fora catalog

and secure your trees and plants from
THE IICHIGAN NURSERY COIPANY I
“'lnkworth 8 lone. Monroe Michigan

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FirshClau 2 Yr. Trees, 4 to 5 ft. fight

 

 

 

 

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51.5613; Cherry um. 12 Peaches <1 yr.) .93. John.W.
Finn's W 9 Nurseries, Danaviilo, N. ruwuo. rm.

 

WANTED—AN massacre" °' “mm

id 11 b l fitengggm
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'5§:M03‘?nwnilona¥’ and "How to get yeti; PW
onev." 'i‘iAPiin‘VPH & 00. AT . 'r

iWhen writing to advertiser please mention
The Michigan Farmer

a nd You
ATT

 

has a very mountainous surface. Trop-
ical regions are found along the coast
below the 1,000-foot level. The cli-
mate is temperate in altitudes rang-
ing from 3,000 to 5,000 feet,'and on the
plateaus reaching over 5,000 feet above
sea. level, it is uncomfortably cold.
The government is a federal repub-
lic having a constitution based upon
the fundamental law adopted in 1857
with subsequent amendments. It is
divided in the same manner as the fed-
eral government of the United States,
having executive, legislative and judi-
cial divisions. The legislature has a.
senate of 56 members who are elected
for four years, and a chamber of depu-
ties of 33 members who are elected
for two years. The judicial depart-
ment consists of a federal supreme
court of 15 judges, three circuit courts
and 32 district courts. The country is

‘ divided into 27 states each having its

own government for the management
of local affairs, two territories and a
federal district.

Although primary education is free
and nominally compulsory, there is
probably less than 20 per cent of the
population that is literate. This is
largely due to the fact that about 80
per cent of the total population con-
sists of partially civilized native Indi-
an races, of whom very few take. ad-
vantage of any educational opportuni-
ties. The primary schools are main.
tained by local taxation with stipulat-
ed federal grants. Most of the private
schools are under clerical control.
The secondary public schools are few
in number and the attendance at these
institutions is very small, but the spe-
cial schools of this class are better
attended. There are no universities
in the country.

Agriculture and mining constitute
the chief industrial activities of the in-
habitants. The principal crops are
corn, wheat, barley, chili pepper, sug-

ar, coffee, cotton, tobacco, vanilla,
grapes, flax and tropical fruits. The
mineral wealth is very great, and

while much mining has been done, it
is presumed that there are still large
fields of mining territory that have not.
been fully surveyed. Gold, silver, cop-
per, lead, quicksilver, iron, and coal
are the leading products of the mines.
The value of the gold and silver pro-
duced in 1910 aggregated $65,000,000.
There are also extensive oil fields in
the vicinity of Tamplco. Although the
government has endeavored to encour-
age the manufacture of woolen and
cotton goods by a high protective tar-
iff, the results have been discouraging,
and the merchants are obliged to make
practically all of their purchases from
foreign concerns. The trade with for—
eign countries in 1912-1913 aggregated
nearly $500,000,000, of which about
$125,000,000 was with the United
States.

According to the 1910 census Mex-
ico had a population of 15,063,207, of
whom about 20,000 were Americans,
25,000 Spanish and 13,000 Chinese. At
that time there were only three cities
having more than 100,000 population.
These were Mexico City with 470,659,
Guadalajara 118,799 and Puebla with

101,214; There were twenty other cit-
ies with populations ranging from 20,-
000 to 85,000.

Following the resignation of General

‘Diaz in 1911, General Madero, who led

the revolt became the chief executive.
He was later deposed by General
Huerta, and was subsequently shot.
General Huerta. assumed the office of
president pending an election, but the
vote being insumcient, the election
was declared to be void. From the
fall of 1913 until July, 1914, the coun-
try was in the throes of civil war, and
on July 15, 1914, General Huerta re-

 

 

 

 

 

Gen. Funeton Leads U. S. Forces in
Mexico.
signed and Senor Carvahal was de-
clared provisional president, which po-
sition he held until the Constitutional-
ist army under command of General
Carranza entered Mexico City on Aug-
ust 15, whereupon General Carranza
was declared the first chief of the Con-
stitutionalist army in charge of the
executive power of the republic.
During the administration of Presi-
dent Huerta, some United States ves-
sels were sent to Tampico to protect
American interests. On April 9 two
members of the crew of the “Dolphin”
were arrested by a Mexican ofllcer
while loading some supplies, and taken
to Tampico. The arrest was regarded
as a serious affront, and Rear Admiral

Mayo demanded that reparation be
made through a salute of the Ameri-
can flag by the military commander of

the fort. President Huerta refused to

order such a salute, and the United
States Congress thereupon authorized
the employment of armed forces in
such a way as to secure satisfactory
reparation from the Mexican govern-
ment. A fleet was collected in the har-
bor of Vera Cruz and the customs
house of that port was seized on April
22 in an action which resulted in the
loss or sixteen American soldiers kill-
ed and seventy wounded. A few days
later an offer of Brazil, Argentine and
Chili to use their good offices in an at
tempt to bring about friendly relations
between the United States and Mexico
was accepted, which resulted in the
Niagara Falls conference, and brought
about a partial settlement of the situ-
ation. It resulted, however, in General.
Huerta resigning the provisional pres-
idency, although success of the Con-
stitutionalist army undoubtedly would
have forced him to abdicate regardless
of diplomatic influence.

Following the ascension of General
Carranza to the position of chief ex-
ecutive, the United States forces were
ordered to leave Vera Cruz. The evac-
uation, however, was delayed by a

' declaration of war upon the Carranza

government by General Villa who, up
to this time had assisted the Consti-
tutionalists. Villa demanded Carran-
za’s resignation as the price of the
support he had given to the Constitu-
tionalist campaign. Later the United
States government recognized the Car-
ranza administration, since which time
the chief executive has waged a more
or less successful campaign against
the rebelgnnder Gen. Villa.

Having been driven from one point
to another, Villa and his supporters
apparently became desperate, and on
March 12 led a number of Mexicans
into United States territory and at-
tacked the town of Columbus, New
Mexico. During the attack on the
town and the clash with a small troop
of United States cavalry, several Am-
erican civilians and soldiers were kill-
ed. This act led to the recent arrange-
ment between the United States gov-
ernment and the Carranza government
to co-operate in the capture of General
Villa and his followers.

lllliiillIf,iElllliHHHIlllllllllllllllllll!HillllllHill5HEliilllllIiilllli}lllllllElilllllillllllllllllllllll!iilHl|HlllllllllllllllllllliiiIHHiHilillllllllllllHllllllHllllllmIllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllI”Willilllllllllllllllllllll

Light of Western Stars

 

 

“Wal, Miss Majesty, we’ve gone an’
made a foozle right at the start,” he
said dejectedly.

“A foozle? But the game has not
yet begun,” replied Madeline.

“A bad, start, I mean. It’s amazin’
bad, an’ we’re licked already.”

“What in the world is wrong?”

She wanted to laugh, bu't Stillwell’s
distress restrained her.

“Wal, it’s this way. That blamed
Monty is as cute an' slick as a fox.
After he got done declaimin’ about the
handicap he an’ Link was so happy to

 

 

    

."COL I .
l I;
.:.::’Bf'g U n i l: c d S In .L e. S
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. i i ' A ' \EL grAso NgwroRLEst \.
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a: ‘tftz‘z ~r .45. ‘41:.
:J 5432‘. it". ’ ifflflh
s ' . 3535—17»; 9
P" 13' ' 3'1“: -."'.: 5m.
96 if“. ' "i: l." v: i >71. ”T Afio
5?. '
r--.\ Gulf of Mexrco.
2‘, .' ‘
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4:0“ \o a“
‘- ‘ .J 1 2101
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Pacnfic Ocean ..,,..;;;......, ,
nu ' fl“..i‘ .‘Qru.\.
"n. u“?
0‘50“)“: ' j

 

 

 

‘ Map of Mexico“ BhMflg'_ Geographical Relation with United Silica?"

By ZANE GREY

 

 

take, he got Castleton over hyar an’
drove us all dotty with his crazy gol-
lof names. Then he borrowed Castle-
ton’s goi-iof coat. I reckon borrowed
is some kind word. He just about took
that blazin’ coat off the Englishman;
though I ain't sayi:.-.’ but that Castleton
was agreeable when he tumbled to
Monty’s mew“... r.‘.l\:h was nothin’
more than to bud»; Ambrose’s heart.
That coat dazzles Ambrose. You know
how vain he is. Why, he’d die, to get
to wear that Englishman's gol-lof coat;
an’ Monty forestalled him. It’s plumb
pitiful to see the look in Ambrose’s
cyes. He won’t be able to play much.
I reckon Monty was right about brains
bein’ what wins!”

The game began. At first Madeline
and Dorothy essayed to direct the en-
deavors of their respective players;
but all they said and did only made
their team play the worse. At the
third hole they were two down and
hopelessly bewildered. What with
Monty’s borrowed coat, with its da2<
zling elfect upon Ambrose, and Still‘
well’s vociferous disgust, and the clam~
orous pursuit of the cowboy support-
ers, and the embarrassing presence of
the ladies, Ambrose and Ed wore
through all manner of strange play
until it became ridiculous.

"Hey, Link!” came Monty's voice
booming over the links. “Our esteem-
ed riVals are playin’ shinny."

Madeline and Dorothy gave up pres-
ently, when'tbe game became: a root;

 

 


 

 

APRIL 8, 1916.

 

 

15—5495

 

and they sat down with their followers
to watch the finish of the match. It
came with spectacular suddenness. A
sharp yell pealed out, and all the cow-
coys turned attentively in its direc-
tion. A big black horse had surmount-
ed the rim of the mesa and was just
breaking into a run. His rider yelled
sharply to the cowboys. They wheeled
to dash toward their grazing horses.

“That‘s Stewart. There is something
wrong!” said Madeline in alarm.

Castleton stared. The other men ex-
claimed uneasily. The women sought
Madeline’s face with anxious eyes.

The black got into his stride and
bore swiftly down upon them.

“Oh, see that horse run!” cried Hel-
en. “See that fellow ride!”

Helen was not alone in her admira-
tion. Madeline divided her emotions
between growing alarm of some dan-
ger menacing and a thrill and quick
ening of pulse beat that tingled over

her whenever she saw Stewart in vio- -

lent action. No action of his was any
longer insignificant, but violent action
meant much—might mean anything.
For one mOment she remembered
Stillwell and all his talk about fun
and plots and tricks to amuse her
guests. Then she discountenanced the

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

 

thought. Stewart might lend himself
to a little fun, but he cared too much
for a horse to run him at that speed
unless there was imperious need. That
alone sufficed to answer Madeline’s
questioning curiosity.

Her alarm mounted to fear, not so
much for herself as for her guests. But
what danger could there be? She could
think of nothing except the guerillas.

Whatever threatened, it would be
met and checked by this man Stewart
who was thundering up on his horse;
and as he neared her, so that she
could see the dark gleam of face and
eyes, she, had a strange feeling of com-
radeship and trust in her dependence
upon him.

The big black was so close to Made-
line that when Stewart pulled him the
dust and sand kicked up by his pound-
ing hoofs flew in their faces.

“W'hat is it, Stewart?” cried Made-
line.

“Guess I scared you, Miss Ham-
mond,” he replied; “but I’m pressed
for time. There’s a gang of bandits
hiding on the ranch, most likely in at
deserted hut. They held up a train‘
near Auga Prieta. Pat Hawe is with
the posse that’s trailing them, and you
know Pat has no use for us. I’m afraid
it wouldn’t be pleasant for you 01' your
guests to meet either the posse or the
bandits.”

“I fancy not," said Madeline, consid-
erably relieved. “VVe’ll hurry back to
the house.”

They exchanged no more speech at
the moment, and Madeline’s guests
were silent. Perhaps Stewart’s ac-
tions and looks belied his calm words.
His piercing eyes royed round the rim
of the mesa, and his face was as hard
and stern as chiseled bronze.

Monty and Nick came galloping up,
each leading several horses by the
bridles. Nels appeared behind them
with Majesty, and he was having trou-
ble with the roan. Madeline observed
that all the other cowboys had disap-
peared.

()ne sharp word from Stewart calm-
ed Madeline’s horse; the other horses,
however, were frightened and not in-
clined to stand. The men mounted
without trouble, as did Madeline and
Florence; but Edith Wayne and Mrs.
Beck, being nervous and almost help-
less, were got into the saddle with
some difficulty.

“Beg pardon, but I’m some pressed
for time,” said Stewart, cooly, as with
iron arm he forced Dorothy’s horse al-
most to its knees.

Dorothy, who was active and plucky,
climbed astrid'e; and when Stewart
loosed his hold on bit and mane, the
horse doubled up and began to buck.
Dorothy screamed as she shot into the
air., Stewart, as quick as the horse,
leaped forward and Caught Dorothy in
his arms. She had slipped head down-

 

 

A Standardized Car

Maxwell Motor Cars offer no
fads, no innovations, no eye-
catching frills, no experimental
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We could build cars of two or
three different sizes. We could
make any and every kind of an
engine that has ever been tried
out on a patient and unsuspecting
public.

We could constantly make
changes, bring out new, 'revo-
lutionary and untried models to
stimulate interest for the passing
moment. '

But we do not do these things
and we will not. Because we
don’t have to. Because our car
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stantial and demonstrated merits.

Maxwell Motor Cars are stan-
dardized products. They repre-
sent a definite and known quan-
tity. They are as nearly a staple
commodity as any automobile
can be.

In all basic details the Maxwell
of last year was the same as the
present Maxwell. And the Max-
well of next year will be essen-
tially the same as its predecessor.

Of course, we are continually
experimenting, testing and taking
advantage of the progress made in
the engineering and metallurgical
sciences. But we know and Max-
well owners know that our car, in
its class, is the finished and recog-
nized standard of value.

The Maxwell policy of concen—
trating on one and only one
car, of devoting every energy and
resource to such minor improve-
ments as time may develop, as-
sures you of two things——that you
will never suffer any abnormal
loss by the introduction of a
cheap car, made only to sell
rather than to serve, and that
when buying a Maxwell you will
always be able to get the greatest
possible established motor car
value per dollar of your invest-
ment.

77:: World’s Champion Endurance Car

 

 

 

Touring Car, completely equipped, including Electric Starter

and Lights, $655, f. o. b. Detroit.

 

Four other body styles.

 

Write to Dept- 30 for our catalog giving detailed specifications and our booklet
“22,000 Miles Without Stopping.”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a... __ _,_
.-___._—.O’

 

  

by..-

 

_ -‘....

   
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

496—16

ward,gand, had he not caught her,

Would have had a serious fall.

Handling her as if she were a child,
Stewart turned her right side up to set
her upon her feet. Dorothy evidently
thought only of the spectacle she pre-
sented, and made startled motions to
readjust her riding-habit. It was no
time to laugh, though Madeline felt as
if she wanted to. Besides, it was im-
possible to be anything but sober with
Stewart in violent mood.

He had jumped at Dorothy’s stub-
born mount. All good cowboys are
masters of horses. It was wonderful
to see him conquer the vicious animal.
He was cruel, perhaps, yet it was from
necessity. When, presently, he led

.the horse back to Dorothy, she mount-

ed without further trouble. Meanwhile
Nels and Nick had lifted Helen into
her saddle.

“We’ll take the side trail,” said Stew-
are shortly, as he swung upon the big
black.

He led the way and the other cow-
boys trotted in the rear.

It was only a short distance to the
rim of the mesa; but when Madeline
saw the steep trail, narrow and choir
ed with weathered stone, she felt that
her guests would certainly flinch.

“That’s a jolly bad course,” observ.
ed (‘astleton

The women appeared to be speech-
less.

Stewart checked his horse at the
deep cut, where the trail started down.

“lloys, drop over and go slow," he
said, dismounting. “Flo, you follow.
Now, ladies, let your horses loose and
hold on. Lean forward and hang to
the pommel. It looks bad, but the
horses are used to such trails.”

llelen followed closely after Flor-
ence: Mrs. Beck went next, and then
Edith Wayne. Dorothy’s horse balked.

“I‘m not so—so frightened," said Dor-
othy. “If only he would behave!”

She began to urge him into the trail,
making him rear, when Stewart grasp-
ed the bit. and jerked the horse down.

“Put your foot in my stirrup," said
Stewart. “We can’t waste time!" He
lifted her upon his horse and started
him down over the rim. “Go on, Miss
Hammond. I’ll have to lead this nag
down. It’ll save time.”

It was a loose trail. The weathered
slopes seemed to slide under the feet
of the horses. Dust-clouds formed,
rocks rolled and rattled down; cactus
spikes tore at horse and rider. Mrs.
Beck broke out into laughter, and there
was a note in it that suggested hyste-
ria. Once or twice Dorothy murmured
plaintive-1y.

Half the time Madeline could not
distinguish those ahead through the
yellow dust. It was dry and made her
cough. The horses snorted. She heard
Stewart close behind, starting little
avalanches that kept rolling on Maj-
esty‘s t‘etlocks. She feared her horse’s
legs might. be cut or bruised, for some
of the stone, crashed by and went rat-
tling down the slope.

At length the clouds of dust thinned
and Madeline saw those before her ride
out upon a level. Soon she v-.as down,
and Stewart. also.

Here there was a delay, occasioned
by Stewart changing Dorothy from his
horse to her own. This struck Made-
line as being singular, and made her
thoughtful. In fact, the alert, quiet
manner of all the cowboys was not re-
assuring. As they resumed the ride it
was noticeable that Nels and Nick
were far in advance, Monty stayed far
in the rear, and Stewart rode with the
party.

When they rounded the head of the
mesa, bringing into View the ranch-
house and the valley, she saw dust or
smoke hovering over a hut upon the
outskirts of the Mexican quarters. As
the sun had set and the light was fad-
ing, she could not distinguish which
it was.

Then Stewart set a fast, pace for the
house. In a few minutes the party
was in the yard, ready and willing to
dismount.

Stillwell appeared, ostensibly cheer—

THE MIC REGAN .‘FARMER‘

tut—too cheerful to deceive Madeline.
She noted, also that a number of arm-
ed cowboys were walking with their

horses just below the house.

“Wal, you-all had a nice little run,”
Stillwell said, speaking generally. “I
reckon there wasn’t much need of it.
Pat Hawe thinks he’s got some out-
laws corralled on the ranch—nothin’
at all to be fussed up about Stewart’s
that particular he won’t have you
meetin’ with any rowdies.”

Many and fervent were the expres-
sions of relief from Madeline’s femi-
nine guests as they dismounted and
went into the house. Madeline lin~
gered behind to speak with Stillwell
and Stewart.

“Now, Stillwell, out: with it,” she
said briefly. '

The old cattleman stared; then he
laughed, pleased with her keenness.

“Wal, Miss Majesty, there’s goin’ to
be a fight somewhere, an’ Stewart
wanted to get you-all in before it some.
off. He says the valley’s overrun by
vaqueros an’ guerillas an’ robbers, an’
goodness knows what else.”

He stamped off the porch, his huge
spurs rattling, and started down the
path toward the waiting men.

Stewart stood in his faniiliartatten-
tive position, erect, silent, with a hand
on pommel and bridle.

“Stewart, you are exceedingly—«
thoughtful of my interests," she said,

illiilliiilifllllllltitiiiiiliiitiliilliiiliiiill”??? c
IN NATURE’S SCHOOL.

 

it}: y :ttjtdntiz ..
tit..'tt:1..n

BY ALUNZU Incli.
Dear one, the day is spent,
The bird now seeks its young;
Above the west’s high battlement,
The moon‘s pale horn is hung.

The star of even trims
Its Weak, unfavored light: .
And through the scented ether swims
The sharp-eyed e1" of night.

The trees inverted stand.
Reflected in the stream.
And by the light-winged zephyrs fan-
ned,
Are wakened from their dream,

Come, take my hand in thine,
And lead me as a child.

To where the ivies clasp and twine
Amid you thicket wild.

The hum of homing bee.
The lowing of the herds,

All seem far sweeter now to me
Than any written words.

The toil and care of day,
\Nhere willows wail and fret,

And read upon the shell-strewn shore
The ripple's alphabet.

Let’s seek the sunset brake,
The sedge-encircled pool,

And lead me on as thou wouldst take
A little child to school!

littltlt!ItiHltitittllllllttllttititlllttttllttllltlttlllttlllttttllttttllttlttlttttitttt.Intttt:tttltttttttttltiitt:trtttttt
wanting to thank him, and not readily
finding words. “I would not know
what to do without you. Is there any
danger?”

“I’m not sure:
the safe side.”

She hesitated. It, was no longer easy
for her to talk to Stewart, and she did
not know why.

“May I know the special orders you
gave Nels and Nick and Monty?" she
asked.

"Who said I gave those boys special
orders ?”

“I heard Stillwell tell them so.”

“()f course I‘ll tell you, if you insist;
but why should you worry over some
thing that'll likely never happen ‘."’

“I insist, Stewart," she replied.

“My orders were that at, least one
of them must, be on guard near you
day and night—never to be out of hear~
ing of your voice.”

“I thought as much. But why Nels
or Monty or Nick? That seems rather
hard on them. For that matter, why
put anyone to keep guard over me?
Do you not trust my other cowboys ?"

“I’d trust their honesty, but not their
ability.”

“Ability? Of what nature?”

“With guns.”

“Stewart!” she exclaimed.

“Miss Hammond, you have been hav-
ing such _a good time entertaining

but 1 want to be on

yourzue‘s‘ts that you forget. I’m glad
ofj‘t‘h’a‘t. I wish you had not mama
me.” ~

“Forget What?”

“Don Carlos and his guerillas.”

“Indeed I have not forgotten. Stew-
art, you still think Don Carlos tried to
make off with me, and may try it
again?”

“I don’t think. I know.”

“And, besides all your other duties
you yourself have shared the watch
with these three cowboys?”

“Yes.”

“And this has been going on with-
out. my knowledge?”

“Yes.”

“Since when?”

“Since I brought you down from the
mountains last month.”

“How long is it to continue?”

“That’s hard to say. Till the revo-
lution is over, anyhow.”

She mused a moment, looking away
to the west, where the great void was
filling with red haze. She believed
implicitly in him, and the menace hov-
ering near her fell like a shadow upon
her present happiness.

“What must I do?” she asked.

“I think you ought to send your
friends back east, and go with them,
until this guerilla war is over.”

“Why, Stewart! They would be
broken-hearted, and so should I."

He had no reply for that.

“If I do not take your advice it will
be the first time since I have come to
look to you for so much,” she went on.
“Cannot you suggest something else?
My friends are having such a splendid
visit. Helen is getting well. Oh, I
should be sorry to see them go before
they want to!”

"We might take them up into the
mountains and camp out for a while,”
he said 1‘)resently. “I know a Wild
place up among the crags.
climb, but worth the work. I never
saw a more beautiful spot. Fine water,
and it will be cool. Pretty soon it’ll
be too hot here for your party to go
out of doors.”

"You mean to hide me away among
the crags and clouds,” replied Made-
line, with a laugh. '

"\Yell, it’d amount to that. Your
friends needn’t know. Perhaps in a
few Weeks this spell of trouble on the
border will be over till fall.”

"You say it's a hard climb up to this
place ?"

"It sure is. Your friends will get
the real thing if they make the trip.”

“That suits me. Helen, especially,
wants something to happen; and they
are all crazy for excitement.”

“They’d get, it up there——bad trails,
canons to head, steep climbs, wind-
storms, thunder and lightning, rain,
mountain lions, and Wildcats.”

“Very well, I am decided. Stetvart,
of course you will take charge? I
don't believe 1— Stewart, isn’t there
something more you could tell me—
why you think my own personal liber-
ty is in peril?”

“Yes, but do not ask mewhat it is.
If I hadn’t been a rebel soldier I would
never have known.”

“If you hadn’t been a rebel soldier,
where would Madeline Hammond be
now?” she asked earnestly.

He made no reply.

“Stewart,” she continued, with warm
impulse, “you once mentioned a debt
you owed me.” Seeing his dark face
pale, she wavered, then went 011. “It
is paid.”

“No, no!” he answered huskily.

“Yes! I will not have it otherwise.”

“No. That never can be paid.”

Madeline held out her hand.

“It is paid, I tell you,” she repeated.

Suddenly he drew back from the out-
stretched white hand, which seemed
to fascinate him. ’ .

“I’d kill a man to touch your hand,
and go to perdition for doing it; but I
won’t touch it on the terms you offer.”

His unexpected passion disconcerted
her.

“Stewart, no man ever before refus—
ed to shake...hands,.with me, for_ any
reason. It—it is scarcely flattering,"

It’s a hard~

 

APRIL 8, 71316.

she? said, with a [little laugh. "Why
won’t you? Beesmso you think ‘I offer
it as mistress to estimate—man to
cowboy?”

1%.!’

"Then why? The debt you ‘O‘Wed me
is paid. I cancel it. So why not shake
hands upon it, as men do?”

“I won’t—that’s all.”

“I fear you are ungracious, whatever
your reason,” she replied. “Still, I
may offer it again some day. Good
night.”

He said good night and turned. Mad-
eline wonderingly Watched him go
dOWn the path with his hand on the
black horse’s neck. .

She went in to rest a little before
dressing for dinner, and, being fatigued
from the day’s riding and excitement,
she fell asleep. When she awoke it
was twilight. She wondered why her
Mexican maid had not come to her,
and she rang the bell. The maid did
not 'put in an appearance, nor was
there any answer to her ring.

The house seemed unusually quiet.
It was a brooding silence, which pres-
ently broke to the sound of footsteps
on the porch. Madeline recognized
Stillwell’s tread, though he appeared
to be stepping more lightly than usual.
Then she heard him call softly in at
the open door of her office. The sugges-
tion of caution in his voice suited the
strangeness of his walk.

With a boding sense of trouble she
hurried through the rooms. He was
standing outside heYNthce door. ‘

“Stillwell!” she exclaimed.

“Anybody with you?” he asked in a
low tone.

“No."

“Please come out on the porch," he
said somewhat peremptorily.

She complied. Stillwell’s grave face,
paler than she had ever beheld it,
caused her to stretch an appealing
hand toward him. He intercepted it
and held it in his own.

“Miss Majesty, I’m amazin’ sorry to
tell worrisome news.” He spoke al-
most in a whisper, cautiously looked
about him, and seemed both hurried
and mysterious. “The fact is, we’re
in a bad fix. If your guests ain’t scared
out. of their skins, it’ll be owin’ to
your nerve an’ how you carry out
Stewart’s orders.”

“You can rely upon me,” replied
Madeline firmly, though she trembled.

“Wal, what we’re up against is this
~—that gang of bandits Pat Hawe was
chasin' are hidin’ in the house!”

“In the house?” echoed Madeline,
aghast. '

“Miss Majesty, it’s the amazin’ truth
an’ shamed indeed I am to admit it.
Stewart—why, he’s wild with rage, to
think it could hev happened. You see,
it couldn’t hev happened if cl hedn’t
sloped the boys off to the gol-lof links,
an’ if Stewart hedn’t rid out on the
mesa after us. It’s my fault. I’ve bed
too much femininity around fer my
old haid. Gene cussed me—-he cussed
me sure scandalous. But now we've
got to face it—to figger—”

“Do you mean that a gang of hunted
outlaws—~bandits—have actually taken
refuge somewhere in my house?” de-
manded Madeline.

“I sure do. Seems powerful strange
to me why you didn’t find somethin’
was wrong, seein’ all your servants
hev sloped.”

“Gone? Ah! I missed my maid. I
wondered why no lights were lit.
Where did my servants go?”

“Down to the Mexican quarters, an’
scared half to death. Now listen.
When Stewart left you an hour or so
ago, he follered me direct to where
me an’ the boys was tryin’ to keep Pat
Hawe from tearin’ the ranch to pieces.
At that we was helpin’ Pat all we
could to find them bandits; but when
Stewart got there he made a differ-
ence. Pat was nasty before, but seein’
Stewart made him wuss. I reckon
Gene to Pat is the same as red to a.
greaser bull. ' Anyway, when the sher-
iff set fire to an old ’dobe hut, Stewart
called him, an’ called him hard. Pat
Haws hed six tellers with him, an’

 


-..

APRIL 8, 1916.

from all appearances bandit-hunting
was some fiesta. There was a row,
an’ it looked bad fer a. little; but Gene
was cool an' he controlled the boys,
Then Pat an’ his tough depooties went
on huntin’. That huntin’, Miss Majes-
ty, petered out into what was only a
farce. I reckon Pat could hev kept on
foolin’ me an’ the boys, but as soon as
Stewart showed up on the scene—wal,
either Pat got to blunderin’ or else we-
all shed our blinders. Pat Hawe wasn’t
lookin’ hard fer any bandits; he wasn’t
daid set huntin’ anythin’, unless it was
trouble fer Stewart. Finally, when
Pat’s men made fer our storehouse,
where we keep ammunition, grub, liq-
uors, an’ sich, then Gene called a halt,
an’ ordered Pat Hawe off the ranch.
Pat hollered law. He pulled down off
the shelf his old stock-grudge on Stew-
art, accusin’ him over again of that
greaser murder last fall. Stewart made
him look like a fool—showed him up
as bein’ scared to death of the bandits,
or hevin’ some reason fer slopin' off
the trail. Anyway, the row started all
right. In the thick of it, when Stew-
art was drivin’ Pat an’ his crowd off
the place, one of them depooties lost
his haid an’ went fer his gun. Nels
throwed his gun an’ crippled the fel-
ler’s arm. Monty jumped then an’
throwed two forty-fives, an' fer a sec-
ond or so it looked ticklish; but the
bandit-hunters crawled, an‘ then lit
out.”

Stillwell paused in the rapid delivery
of his narrative; he still retained Mad-
eline’s hand, as if by that he might
comfort her.

“After Pat left we put our haids to-
gether,” began the old cattleman, with
a long respiration. “We rounded up a
lad who had seen a dozen or so fellers
—he wouldn’t say they was greasers——
breakin’ through the shrubbery to the
back of the house. That was while
Stewart was ridin’ out to the mesa.
Then this lad seen your servants all
runnin’ down the hill toward the vil-
lage. Now, heah’s the way Gene fig-
gers. There sure was some deviltry
down along the railroad, an“ Pat Hawe
trailed bandits up to the ranch. He
hunts hard, an’ then all to wunst he
quits. Stewart says Pat Hawe wasn’t
scared, but he got wind in some way
that there was in the gang of bandits
some fellers he didn’t want to ketch—
sabe? Then Gene, quicker‘n a flash,
springs his plan on me. He’d go down
to Padre Marcos an’ hev him help to
find out all possible from your Mexi.
can servants. I was to hurry up hyar,
an’ tell you—give on orders, Miss
Majesty. Ain’t that amazin' strange?
You‘re to assemble all your guests in
the kitchen. Make a grand bluff an’
pretend as your help has left, that it’ll
be great fun fer your guests to cook
dinner. The kitchen is the safest
room in the house. While you‘re josh-
in’ your party along, makin’ a kind of
picnic out of it, I‘ll place cowboys in
the long corridor, an’ also outside in
the corner where the kitchen joins on
to the main house. It’s pretty sure
the bandits think no one’s wise to
where they‘re hid. Stewart says they
are in that end room where the alfalfa
is, an’ they’ll slope in the night. Of
course, with me. an’ the boys watchin‘,
you-all will be safe to go to bed. VVe‘re
to reuse your guests early, before day-
light, to hit the trail up into the moun-
tains. Tell them to pack outfits be-
fore goin’ to bed. Say, as your ser-
vants hev sloped, you might as well go
campin’ with the cowboys. That’s all.
If we hev any luck, your friends’ll nev-
er know they’ve been sittin’ on a pow-
der mine.”

“Stillwell, do you advise that trip
up into the mountains ?” asked Made-
line. '

“I reckon I do, considerin’ every-
thin’. Now, Miss Majesty, I’ve used up
a lot of time explainin’. You’ll sure
keep your nerve ?”

“Yes,” Madeline replied.
“Better tell Florence,
power of comfort to you.

now to fetch up the boys."

Instead of returning to her room,

She’ll be a
I’m goin’

T’H‘E‘ MICHIGAN F

Madeline went through the ofiice into
the long corridor. It was almost as
dark as night. She fancied she saw a
slow-gliding figure darker than the
surrounding gloom; and she entered
upon the fulfilment of her part of the
plan in something like trepidation.
Her footsteps were noiseless.

Finding the door to the kitchen, and
going in, she struck light. Upon pass-
ing out again she made certain she
discerned a dark shape, now motion-
less, crouching along the wall; but
she mistrusted her vivid imagination.
It took all her boldness to strike the
corridor light. Then she went on
through her own rooms and thence in-
to the patio.

Her guests laughingly and gladly en-
tered into the spirit of the occasion.
Madeline fancied her acting must have
been pretty nearly perfect, seeing that
it deceived even Florence.

They trooped merrily into the kitch-
en. Madeline, delaying at the door,
took a sharp but unobtrusive glance
down the great, barnlike hall. She
saw nothing but blank, dark space.

Suddenly, from one side, not a rod
distant, protruded a pale, gleaming
face, breaking the even blackness. In-
stantly it flashed back out of sight;
yet that time was long enough for
Madeline to see a pair of glittering
eyes and to recognize them as Don
Carlos’s.

Without betraying either hurry or
alarm she closed the door. It had a
heavy bolt, which she slowly, noise-
lessly shot. Then the cold amaze that
had all but stunned her into inaction
throbbed into wrath. How dared that
Mexican steal into her home? What
did he mean? Was he one of the ban-
dits supposed to be hidden in her
house?

She was thinking herself into great~
er anger and excitement, and probably
would have betrayed herself. had not
Florence, who had evidently seen her
bolt the door, and read her thoughts,
come toward her with a bright, intent,

 

Sales Offices

New

 

 

 

questioning lock. Madeline caught
herself in time.
Thereupon she gave each of her
guests a duty to perform. Leading 0
Florence into the pantry, she unbur-
dened herself of. the secret, in one

brief whisper. Florence's reply was
to point out of the open window, pass-
ing which was a. file of stealthily mov-
ing cowboys. Then Madeline lost both
anger and fear, retaining only the glow
of excitement. .

Madeline could be gay. She initiated
the abandonment of dignity by calling
Castleton into the pantry, and, while
interesting him in some pretext or
other, imprinting the outlines of her
flour~covered hands upon the back of
his black coat. Castleton innocently
returned to the kitchen, to be greeted
with a roar.

That. surprising act of the hostess
set the pace and there followed a
merry, noisy time. Everybody helped.
The miscellaneous collection of dishes
so confusingly comréved made up a

also quote you a

 

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dinner which they all heartily enjoyed.
Madeline enjoyed it herself, even with
the feeling of a sword hanging sus-
pended over her.

The hour was late when she rose.
from the table and told her guests to
go to their rooms, to don their riding-
clothes, to pack what they needed for
the long and adventurous camping
trip, which she hoped would be the
climax of their western experience,

(Continued on page 499).
lllllllllllHllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllliltffit?“ i‘it‘tldlliilllilllllllllllliit1i“lllllllIiiil3illlllllllllllllllllllm B. “an-.." ”-
GUILTLESS?

BY cons n. itoWoEx.
Is the man that makes the bullets
Guiltiess of the blood they shed?
Do the men that ship the cannon

Help to stain the earth with red?
Do the hands that shape the gun-

shanks,

Help to dig the soldier‘s bed?

 

 

 

Let us send you

will cut the com

‘1916

Will the verdict be found waiting

-elevnte as high as need
regular farm engine—-~investigate the

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Flower and Veg
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Do You Pay Taxes
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There are dollars under the stumps—crop money that
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17—497

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   

 

           

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Farms and Farm Lands For
200 Acres, $5000
Year‘s Income. 83400

In (ltsego (‘o., i\'. \. with its 7:3 ('rt-zuiierit-s/tnd milk
stations»; l'erlilt- black loam tillage; 130 apple lll‘i‘~.;
big pastures; \aluuhle lot uood and l imlwr. 3700“ would
not replace llwhuildiugs. A Mi ounei‘makes lou prion-
Sfltit‘. part down if taken he ore planting. For details
and picture oi" [limit-story. 15-11mm! house, 7?. ft. barn.
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iilled with live bargains in productive alfalfa. corn
and dairy farms in Ohio, Maryland. New York and tho-

tlast. rite today for your free copy and get the
facts about our good! Eastern farms. ll). A. S’l‘lttll'T
FARM A(il'll\'('\’. Dept. 101. 1:30 Nussuu 513., New York.

 

 

 

LANDS FOR SALE.

20.000 Acres of No. l hardWood cut over lands. a part
of which has been cut over several years and burned
over comparatively clean,seeded in theashcs to timothy,
and clover and now covered with (awe rass pasture,
easily cleared in iaims. Soil heavy clay dean). slightly
rolling, Good schools cl0sc to all the lands, good roads,
good from settlements surroumiing. Close to ( )miway.
with good churches, good markets and good R. R. ac-
commodations. For (lairf‘ing, stock raising and forming
in general no better distr (-t in Michigan. Price $10.00
to $25.00 per acre on easy terms. We own the lands.
'1 BAD. B. PRESTON, Trustee, Onaway. Mich.

 

at bargain prices. 120 acres. 80
""80 600d Farms acres under cultivation. best of
clay soil. good hulldin s. close to market. Price $4.500
Cash payment $2.000, )alance easy terms.

100 acres all under cultivation. hesl of clay Soil. good
buildings. close to market, Price $5.600. .1: down. hal—
alice easy terms, 240 i‘l‘l’i‘fi. H0 acres under cultivation,
good hardwood land, good buildings. close to warm"

rice b.1300. cash payment $2.000, balance ('ilel)‘ terms.

 

 

J. “W. FAllllll‘lR. llilllimll, hitch.

New Land,

In Gladwin and Midland Counties, Michigan. Well
loomed, Lou prit'esnnd Hts) rtel‘uis. Steffi-Id Bros.
(owners). 15 Merrill Bldg. Saginaw. (u'estside), Mich.

2 acres out, for (‘hurch property.
80 hires For Salt (:oodsoil. 5 miles from Shelby,
All stone road, daily mall. telephone both lines, ligmiie

from public standard School. (loud lO—room housfl.
40—50 barn. windmill and everything needed. Price

 

 

li‘lvc ’l‘housand Dollars, half down, easy terms for bah

 

mice. OWNER, Kill). 3, Box 55, Shelby, Mich.
‘ lltltl acres. Modern eomnmdiusharus
Dairy Farm Milking inzu-lline, Cheese factory, 1‘53

Holstein cattle. Horses. (iii tractor and implements
included. . int-tune $1,300 per month.
Description and terms to interested

mrties.
.G. Reynolds, (ii

nduin. Mich.
2‘) to 40 acres within 30 miles from
Detroit, With stock and tools prt~

 

Wanted Farm

ferrcd. Send full particulars in first letter. Ross Land
Co” 1000 I’euobscot Building, Detroit, or 160 South

Grutiot Avenue, Mt. Clemens, Mich.
on main road. all

257 ACRE STOCK FARM .....,............,...._

82:10 per acre. 1000the1‘s. Send for list. - Neville
l‘nrm Agency, I'ht-lps Bldg. Binghnmton, New York

 

Forty Acre Farm. located one and one-
For sale half miles from West Branch. ()gemaw
County, Michigan, For particulars. address owner,
F. A. Stevens, 1443 Riverside Rd, Lakewood. ()hlo.

 

Mississippi, Arkansas. Tenness
Send for booklet. ee.
Memphis. Tenn:

Southern Farms,
LIARTIN & COLE,

 

 

About 120 acres fine land

A BEAUTIFUL LAKF
WILL RENT; bEAllliM near Pontiac:
an in t in ' z '.
oal man with stock and tools on shzfies. 1S2):- [gt-:32;

1411 Dime Bank Bldg.. Detorit.

 

man,
TY. 719 W. [2th St.. Chicano. Ill.

 

We have many able-bodi-
00 You "08d Farm "Iln?ed youngmen. experienced
and inexperienced. who want farm work. Ours being a
philanthropic organization. our services are free to emr
player and employee. It you need good, steady, sobe-
write to JEWISH AGRICULTURAL SOCIE-

 


 

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

APRIL 8, 1916.

 

      
  
   

Who Wants .3 Pony?

(,/
/
. / \.

  
  
 
 
  
  

I AM THE PONY KING OF AMERICA.

I have given away ‘ U4 Ponies to children. Now, I am
going to give away more nies——some of the finest Shetland
Poniesl could pick out. I want ever family that reads
this paper to stand an equal chance. I you are a Boy or Girl,
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Manllon Mlchlgan Farmer when wrlllng lo adverllscrs

   

 

l

 

 

égIIIHIlllIllIlI|||l|llllllllllllllllllll"ll|Illl|lllIllIIllI[llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllll|lIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIII|||||I||llllI‘llllllllllllllllllllllllg
E 1 ° E
gLand O Nod St0r168.s

.1

By HOWARD T. KNAPP
a llllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|IIlllllllllIllIIllII|IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllIIIIllllllllllllllIlllllllll|||||Ill|Illlll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllIHIIHIIllllllllllllllIIll||||llllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllll

r71 lllllllll

After the Battle.

S soon as the battle was over,
Billy Be By B0 Bum and Tinker
Teedle Tee slid down the oat
tree, from the branches of which they
had watched the fight. The Queen's
army now was returning home through
the oat forest, each soldier either car-
rying an egg or cocoon or dragging a
dead or wounded Negro warrior.

“Whew! But that certainly was a
bloody battle,” said Billy gazing at the
heaps of dead warriors that covered
the plain surrounding the looted Negro
city like a red and black carpet. “But
tell me, Tinker, why are those soldiers
dragging away the dead and wounded
ants? They surely can’t expect to
make slaves of them.”

“That is one trait of the ants that
I don’t like to talk about,” replied
Tinker.

“Why, what do you mean?” demand-
ed Billy.

“Well, to tell you the truth, all ants
are cannibals at times. Although they
live' chiefly on seeds and grain and
the milk of their aphids or ant cows,
they are not above eating, each other
when they get a chance.”

“I never saw any signs of their do-
ing that when I was back in the city,”
protested Billy.

“Oh, no, they don’t kill and eat their
friends,” replied the elf. “But when
they go to war they not only carry off
the eggs of their victims to bring them
up as slaves, but they also eat the bod-
ies of the soldiers killed in defending
their home. But even here you see
how unselfish they are. Instead of
stopping lo devour their prey on the
battlefield, they carry the bodies back
to the city where they share the meal
with the workers who remained at
home while the soldiers went to war.

For several minutes Billy walked on
in silence, thinking of this new side of
ant nature. At this point the trail
emerged from the oat forest and cross-
ed a sandy road, but Billy was so busy
with his thoughts that he did not no-
tice where he was going, until Tinker
shouted a warning. The little boy was
so startled by the sudden cry that he
jumped back a step, and it was well
that he did, for if he had taken another
step forward he would have fallen into
a, deep, funnel-shaped pit that yawned
in front of him.

“Good gracious, who under the sun
dug that awful hole right in our path?”
demanded Billy, but before Tinker
could reply there was a great commo-
tion in the pit and a volley of sand and
tiny pebbles shot up over the rim, fall-
ing on all sides as though it was rain-
ing gravel. Billy turned to run, but
before he had taken two steps he was

lllllllll||HI]INlllllifllllillilllll!HillHI|IIHIHIIHIIIIIHIIIIIHHIIHHIIIlll|l|HHHHHHHIHll‘rlmllliiilli|HilllH|lIll|l"HHIHIHIIIIIIIIHIHH!llllllllllllllllllllf‘f n ,

The Gypsy Camp

struck by severalgrains of sand and
knocked sprawling.

“We’ve stumbled onto a volcano in
full eruption,” gasped Billy as he strug—
gled to his feet.

“A volcano. Ho, ho, ho,” shouted
the merry. little elf, laughing so hard
he tumbled over onto a. bed of moss
where he lay kicking up his heels like
a kitten at play. Of course, when Billy
saw Tinker laughing he knew there
was no real danger, but just the same
he didn’t like to be made fun of.

“Well, if it isn’t a volcano, maybe
you can tell me what it is,” grumbled
Billy.

“That is the trap of an Ant Lion,”
replied Tinker sitting up and straight-
ening the weeny copper kettle he wore
tor a hat. -

“A What?” remanded Billy in aston-
ishment.

“The trap of an Ant Lion,” repeated
the elf. “And just let me tell you that
if you had tumbled into that pit, as
you surely would if I hadn’t shouted
in time, you would have been chewed
to pieces by this fierce ogre that is
lying in wait at the bottom of the pit
for some poor, luckless ant to fall into
his trap.”

“But what caused the shower of
sand ?” asked Billy.

“The Ant Lion,” replied Tinker. “He
was hoping that some of the pellets
would strike you and knock you into
his pit. Now if you would like to see
how this terrible fellow, who is one of
the worst enemies our friends the ants
have to contend wilh, does his hunt-
ing, we will climb a. nearby tree. If we
tried to crawl near the edge of the
trap he might succeed in snariiig us,
but from the branches of an oat tree,
We can watch him in safety.”

So Billy and the elf shinned up the
stalk of a spear of grain, and next
week I’ll tell you what they saw.

AS WISE MEN SAW LIFE.

 

Fear is a wonderful goad to re-
morse—H. H.

Men are what their 'mothers made
them.——Emerson.

It is a great deal better to live a holy
life than to talk about it.—Moody.

It is with lent money that all evil is
mainly done, and all unjust war pro-
tracted.——-Ruskin.

The art of knowing when one is
needed is more difficult than that of
helplng.———Hardy.

The best way to put boyishness to
shame is to foster scholarship and
manliness.——Eliot.

People are always cheating them-
selves with the idea that they would
do this or that desirable thing, if they
only had t,iiiie.-—A11011ymous.

ma’ilrllji‘lliIIHIHHIHEHHIHIHHHHHIIHD

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

APRIL" ‘8. 1916'.

THEE-”MICHIGAN FARM ER

 

 

 

LIGHT OF WESTERN STARS.

(Continued from page 497).
and to snatch a little sleep before the
cowboys roused them for the early
start.

Madeline went immediately to her
room and was getting out her camp-
ing apparel when a knock interrupted
her. She thought Florence had come
to help her pack; but the knock was
Upon the door opening out on the
porch. It was repeated.

“Who’s there?” she questioned.

“Stewart,” came the reply.

She opened the door. He stood on
the'threshold. Beyond him, indistinct
in the gloom, were several cowboys.

“May I speak to you?” he asked.

“Certainly.” She hesitated a mo
me t, then asked him in, and closed
tyfdoor. “Is—is everything all right?”

“No. These bandits stick to cover
pretty close. They must. have found
out we’re on the watch. But I’m sure
we’ll get you and your friends away
before anything starts. I wanted to
tell you that I’ve talked with your ser-
vants. They were just scared. They‘ll
come back tomorrow, as soon as Bill
gets rid of this gang. You needn’s wor-
ry about them or your property.”

“Do you have any idea who is hid-
ing in the house ?”

“I was worried some at first. Pat
Hawe acted queer. I imagined he’d
discovered he was trailing bandits who
might turn out to be his smuggling
guerilla cronies. But talking with
your servants, and finding a bunch of
horses hidden down in the mesquit be~
bind the pond, I changed my mind.
My idea is that a. cowardly handful of
riffraff outcasts from the border have
hidden in your house, more by acci-
dent than design. We’ll let them go—
get rid of them without even a shot.
If I didn’t think so-well, I'd be con
siderably worried. It would make a
different state of affairs.

“Stewart, you are wrong," she said.
He started, but his reply did not fol-
low swiftly. The expression of his
eyes altered. Presently he spoke:

“How so?”

“I saw one of those bandits.
tinctly recognized him.”

One long step brought him close to
her.

"Who was he?” demanded Stewart.

“Don Carlos.”

He muttered low and deep,
said:

“Are you sure?”

“Absolutely. I saw his figure twice
in the hall, then his face in the light.
I could never mistake his eyes.”

“Did he know you saw him?"’

“I am not positive, but I think so.
Oh, he must have known! I was
standing full in the light. I had cn~
tered the door, then purposely stepped
out. His face showed from around.,a
corner, and swiftly flashed out of sight.

Madeline was tremblingly conscious
that Stewart underwent a transforma-
tion. She saw as well as felt the leap-
ing passion that changed him.

“Call your friends—get them in
here," he ordered, and wheeled toward
the door.

“Stewart—wait,” she said.

He turned. His white face, his burn-
ing eyes, his presence now charged
with definite, fearful meaning, influ-
enced her strangely, weakened her.

“What will you do?” she asked.

“That needn’t concern you. Get your
party in here. Bar the windows and
lock the doors. You’ll be safe.”

“Stewart! Tell me what you intend
to do.”

“I won’t tell you,” he replied, and
turned away again.

“But I must know,” She said. With
a hand on his arm she detained him.
She saw how he halted—felt the shock
in him as she touched him. “Oh, I do
know. You mean to fight!”

“Well, Miss Hammond, isn’t it about
time?” he asked. Evidently he over-
came a violent passion for instant ac-
tion. There were weariness, dignity,
and even reproof in his question.
fact of thatM‘exican’s ‘pre’senCeyghere

I dis-

then

“The ‘

in your house ought to prove to you

the nature of the case. These fellows
have found out you won’t stand for
any fighting on the part of your men.
Don .Carlos is a sneak, a coward, yet
he’s not afraid to hide in your own
house. He has learned you won’t let
your cowboys hurt anybody. He’s tak-
ing advantage of it. He’ll rob, burn,
and make off with you. He’ll murder,
too, if it falls his way. These greasers
use knives in the dark. So I ask, isn’t
it about time for us to stop him?”

“Stewart, I forbid you to fight un-
less in self—defense. I forbid you!”

“I reckon what I mean to do is self-
defense. Haven’t I tried to explain to
you that just now there are wild times
along this stretch of border? Must I
tell you again that Don Carlos is hand
and glove with the revolution? The
rebels are crazy to stir up the United
States. You are a woman of promi-
ence. Don Carlos would make off with
you. If he got you, what an easy mat-
ter to cross the border with you! And
where would the hue and cry go?
Through the troops along the border!
To New York! To Washington! Why,
it would mean what the rebels are
working for—United States interven-
tion; in other words, war!"

“Oh, surely you exaggerate?” she
cried.

“Maybe so; but I am beginning to
see the don’s game.
mond, I—it’s awful for me to think
what you’d suffer if Don Carlos got
you over the line. I know these low-
caste Mexicans. I’ve been among the
peons—the slaves.”

“Stewart, don’t let Don Carlos get
me,” replied Madeline, in sweet di-
rectness.

She saw him shake, saw his throat
swell as he swallowed hard, saw the
hard fierceness return to his face.

“I won't! That’s why I’m going af-
ter him.”

“But I forbade you to start a fight
deliberately.”

“Then I reckon I’ll go ahead and
start one without your permission,” he
replied shortly, and again he wheeled.

This time, when Madeline caught his
arm, she held to it, even after he
stopped.

“No!” she said imperiously.

He shook off her detaining hand and
strode forward.

“Please don’t go,” she called be~
seechingly; but he kept on. “Stewart!”

She ran ahead of him, intercepted
him, and turned to face him with her
back against the door. He swept out
a long arm as if to brush her aside;
but it wavered and fell. Haggard,
troubled, with working face, he stood
before her.

“It’s for your sake,”
lated.

“If it is for my sake, then do what
pleases me."

“These guerillas will knife
body. They'll burn the house. They’ll
make off with you. They'll do some-
thing had, unless we stop them.”

“Let us risk all that,” she impor-
tuned.

(Continued next week).

he exposut-

some-

 

APPLE BLOSSOM TIME.

 

BY ELLA E. ll()(‘l\'\VO()D.

0, Michigan, my Michigan,
In apple—blossom time,

What a world of wondrous beauty,
And what loveliness is thine!

Fleecy clouds above are winging
Lazily across the blue,

On the hills and in the forests,
Flowers bloom with dainty hue.

Hark, the lark, his love note calling

To his mate in mellow chime,
From the fields we hear him lilting
Now it’s apple-blossom time.

Poets sing of glorious sunsets,
the countries ’cross the sea-—
Laud thedEast, the West, .the South-
an ,
But my heart still clings to thee.

Other lands have other beauties—-
Some a more, salubrious clime,

Michigan’s the peer of any .
When itfsapnlemlosssom time.

And Miss Ham- '

     
   
 

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am even oomnuv, DephA‘77 -. - - cHIcAoo, ILLmoIs
' Enslcy Says-—

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enable us to sell

 

   
        

  

         
  
 
    

 
  
  
   
  

         
    

 

Mr. Fruit Grower,

      

 

 

 

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M. H. HUNT 8: SON, Box 525,

for catalog. “'0 furnish the host. wow] berry basket made. '
:4,

      

 

 

 


 

:a

THE MICHIGA

“Light as 4
a Feather"

"Talk about light,
fluffy, tempting

   
      

, t

   

I - ' ’ I
,g .. , ——-fi

 

  

N FARMER
_. 3

 

I Wibnialj tanblller Needy

At p, Home, and Eliewljere

    
 
 

 

 

 

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that is, everyone except the poet
who wrote, “I would not live al-
iway.” A Boston educator has added

‘a few rules to the already existing
)thouSands telling us how to add years
to our life. Herb they are:
“Immediately upon waking have a
lgood yawn.”
1 “Enjoy an inner chuckle.”
i “Take a liberal stretch and a full,
gdeep breath.”
f “To this add a thought of joy, of
icourage, of love toward all mankind,
toward the day and its work.”
; Whether or not the following of
ithese rules would add to our length of
{years certain it is that their observ-
ance would add to the enjoyment of
What years we do live. Our physical
being would benefit by the deep breath-
ling, and our mental, by the chuckles
:With which we met life’s petty irrita-
Ltions. For no one has a harder time
living than the one who thinks he is
having a hard time, and no one gets
more out of life than he who puts a
laugh in it.
‘ Then, if we add to our own keener
tenjoyment, the greater comfort of our
:fellows, we have done more than add
:ten years’ time to our alloted span of
1years. For in living, as in every other
fine art, it is quality rather than quan-
Etity which counts. If you ever stop to
ianalyze your friends and try to find
lout why you are fonder of one than of

      
      
  

  
   
 
    
   
   
    
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
   

 

 

Gets A“ 'ianother, nine times out of ten you will
[he Cream ipick out as first choice the ones who
AlltneTime iare jolly. It doesn’t matter if they

‘ have several bad habits which the
.glummer ones lack, you’d rather have,
them about. Your light-hearted friend
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;but if he can make you laugh you’ll
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may be ambitious, generous and the
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iwith a sad countenance and throws a
idamper over you, you’d just as soon he
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stayed away.

Good nature often explains why one
ichild is the favored one in a family.

. >So far as desirable traits of character
{Willie Zga§§a§&%?igi§eneg§§ . _ s» fare concerned he may be somewhat
i3fi?&‘¥'s¥§£¥2."3ii ill§i21iiihré¥rgfeh 333%?333 lacking, but if he is always unruffled
No.M110 send f°rwurc°py “day: _ and smiling he is forgiven his short-

WWW lcomings and the whole family wait
New York Chicago Kansas City Ft- Worth upon him. The fatted calf was not
Portland,0re on v _' ‘

Write Home Most onvenimt lkilled for the glum son who stayed at
home and worked, but‘ for the gay
young fellow who had a good time and

went out and stirred things up.

For the same reason an honest, hard
working young man often passes up
the honest, hard working young wom—
an, who really would make him a de-
sirable wife, for an emtpy-headed (1011
who doesn't know how to work and
would not learn if she could.

“What is that girl‘s hold on Jack?”
I asked another whose son is infatu-
ated with a shiftless, none too neat
girl, jolly and light hearted, but abso-
lutely without ambition or purpose in

life.

' “She is bright and always laughing,
and when she wants to fix up for a
man she can make a fine appearance.
Jack doesn’t run in there mornings, so
j he never saw her in a dirty kimoni,
with uncombed hair and run-down slip-
pers,” said the mother bitterly. “She
makes him laugh now and jollies him
up, and he can’t see she is bound to
make him cry if he marries her.”

So Jack will marry the girl, and she

will hold 'him, ‘where a more worthy,

Unbeatable
Quality

Write for
Wholesale Price

on this beautiful Kalamazoo Mission
Range—and 500 other styles and sizes of
stoves and ranges shown in our new cat-
alog—latest: improvements—the best of quality
—at low factory-to-you price. 80 days’ trial-
860 da 5’ approval test. We also make Malleahle
Steel gee. Ask {or catalog No. 1 13

KALAMAZOO STOVE C0.. MFRS.
Kalamazoo. Mich.

'A KGleGZQQ

Direct to vau"

 

 

“A

 

A Merry Heart Excuseth a
Multitude of Sins

i
i
EEVERYONE wants to live long,
I

but more serious minded girl would
fail. For when her shiftless ways
cause domestic squalls her good hu-
mor and refusal to get ruffled will
smooth things over and Jack will for-
give her.

Good nature and an inward chuckle
are life’s lubricators. They keep the
wheels running smoothly and keep us
young while we do live, if they do not
lengthen our lives. And they make
us remembered when we are gone,
even more than all the deeds of sacri-
fice we perform. If we can smile our
selves and make someone else smile,
we have done more for the world than
all the efficiency experts put together.

DEBORAH.
SUMMER CARE OF WINTER
CLOTHES.

 

BY N. M. PAIRPOINT.

The habit of saving everything be-
cause it may be of use “some day,” is
one of the fallacies that come down to
11s from the days of hand-woven fab-
rics. I like to sort. out the things that
can be worn as they are a little longer,
or with slight changes in trimmings or
minor points. I next select those
whose cloth is good and by remaking
can be made of service for another
season or two. In a third assortment;
I put those that are thoroughly worn
out or outgrown.

The things that are to be worn an-
other season, I give the first attention.
I brush and shake them free of any
dust and with a good cleaner I remove
any spots. I mend any slight rips in
seams, put on new bindings on skirts
and buttons and hooks and eyes that
are missing, and do any slight things
that need doing so they can be put
away in perfect order. I hang them
out on the line, where sun and air can
penetrate every part and another
brushing removes the last trace of
dust.

I always use the largest table in the
house to fold them on, and take par-
ticular care to see that every crease
and wrinkle is smoothed out. Soft tis-
sue paper tucked into the sleeves and
placed between the folds helps won-
derfully to keep the shape of the gar-
ments.

If anyone does not object to the
smell of camphor or moth balls a small
amount may be sprinkled among the
folds, but if it is unpleasant to the
wearer there are very slight chances
of insects attacking clothes from which
the dust is thoroughly removed and
that. are securely packed.

When the things are folded, I wrap
in a liberal amount of newspapers, as
the smell of printer’s ink is an objec-
tionable odor to insects, and put them
in a card box such as suits are sent
home in. “'hen the box is securely
tied, I paste a strip of paper all round
where it opens. This effectually pre-
vents moths, and buffalo bugs from
getting in, and if the clothes have been
well aired and cleaned you know there
are none in there to start with.

The second set of things, those
which can be remade, I rip apart and
clean and air well, then fold smoothly
and pack away like the first set, to be
made up when needed.

In the third assortment there may
be some things that could be used by
someone else. If I do not know of any
one who would be glad of them, I send
them to some of the charitable socie-
ties. Othersthat are of no further use

 

as garments still have an opportunity
for usefulness as dusters, wash cloths,
or work aprons, and I rip them up and
lay aside for those purposes. The re-
mainder I cut into strips and wind
into balls, that are then ready for the
rag carpet weaver to be made into
rugs, or they can be turned into braid-
ed or hooked rugs at home.

All the scraps left make contribu-
tions for the rag bag and they should
be sold or destrOyed as soon as possi-
ble as they only become dust and in-
sect gatherers if lying around.

 

THE PASS-lT-ALONG CLUB.—-Il.

 

BY ELLA l-J. nocxwoon.

The ladies came to the next meeting
with note books and pencils, determin-
ed not to lose any suggestions as the
first meeting had been so helpful.

Mrs. Smith was first called on. “As
you know, I have four small daughters
and do all my own work, so it is my
endeavor to save as muchtime as pos~
sible. I have discarded white panties
for my little girls entirely- except as
they are in white dresses. I make
bloomers, either of black sateen or to
match their dresses, which are usually
of gingham for everyday wear. These
are gathered full with an elastic and
fit just above the knee. With these
no petticoats are required and the
amount of washing and ironing saved
is quite an item.”

Mrs. Strong, second on the program,
gave a jelly-making hint. “When mak-
ing jelly from currants or berries I
double the quantity without detri-
ment to the quality, by using one—half
as many apples as I have of the other
fruit. If, as in the case of the earlier
fruits, apples are not, in season I use
apple jelly made the previous season.
Snow apples are about the best, al~
though any firm, tart variety will do.
Melt the apple jelly and add to the
other before removing from the fire.”

Mrs. Turner, a bride of a few months
declared her recent success in pie-mak-
ing, after repeated failures, was so
gratifying to herself and husband that
she felt as if she must. pass it along,
thinking some other member might be
in need of a hint of the kind. “I found
by repeated experiments,” said she,
“that my pie crust was best when I
used very little water. So now I meas-
ure out one and one-half cups of flour
to one-half cup of lard. This I rub to-
gether between my hands until it is
granulated. Then I add a very little
water, only a tablespoonful or two at
a time, until the flour and lard will
barely hold together and not another
hit do I use. This, when rolled out
and baked, makes a rich, flaky crust
and the amount given is just about
enough for one round pie. I have
found, too, that one reason for pies
running over in the oven is too fast
baking, which starts the steam, thus
forcing the boiling juices out of the
crust. Wetting the crust to make them
hold together makes them hard, but a
strip of clean cloth bound around the
edges does no harm and will keep the
juices inside. If care is observed in
the baking, however, no trouble will
be experienced.”

“Speaking of pie crust reminds me
of an icing discovery I recently made,”
said Mrs. Travis, as she responded to
her name. “I found that instead of us-
ing one cup of granulated sugar to
each egg white, one-half cup makes
just as much. Now I boil one-half cup
of sugar in a little water until it spins
a thread then pOur. it over the beaten
white of the egg. For a layer cake, or
when more than the outside is to be

 
 
  

 

 

 

 


 

 

APRIL 8, 1916.

no

'° ST as an experiment, I

made up a batch of butter

a while ago with Worcester
Salt.

"I soon noticed that the but-
ter was better in a
many ways. First of all. the
Worcester Salt distributed
and dissolved evenly. No
mottles in the butter, no
grit or brine-pockets.

"Next, I found that the but-
ter had a better body. And
when it came to spreading
it on bread—you couldn’t
beat the flavor that butter
had!

"I then found I could get a
better price for my butter
because it was actually of a
higher grade.”

This is a common experience of

butter makers who use the clean-
est, purest salt obtainable —-

WORCESTER
SALT ~

"The Salt with the Savor”

28-”). and 56-lb. sac-k9.
le use. At your groom’s.

 

Packed in stron
Smaller bugs {or t

Semi for our free booklet, "Butler .Making
an the Farm. ” Full of helpful information.
WORCESTER SALT COMPANY

Largest Producers of High-grade
Salt in the World.
NEW YORK

THE MICHIGAN FEARMER

frosted, I use one cup of sugar and the
whites of two eggs.”

“At our house,” responded Mrs. Wal-
ters, when her turn came, “we had
several feather beds for which in re-
cent years we have had no use. I
make lots of pillows and cushions, but
the beds which were not in use were
almost a nuisance. I finally discover-
ed a way to utilize them. I sent them
to a factory where they were renovat-
ed and made into mattresses. Now we
thoroughly enjoy the old feather beds
which grandmother took such pains
to make. They are so soft, and yet
so comfortable in the hottest weather.”

The final response of the afternoon
came from the hostess, who took a
pretty white apron from a table and
handed it around for inspection.
“There is nothing unusual or particu-
larly remarkable about it," she ob-
served as it went from hand to hand,
“only for the fact that it represents
one of my pet economies. It is made
from the back of a man's shirt. The
front part and the sleeves had become
worn out while the back was still good.
as is usually the case with shirts, I
find. This one was of fine white mad-
ras, but any of the better quality of
percales or madras in colors are equal- ,1
1y as pretty. The lace edged ruffleE
which trims it was originally on a fine '
white undergarment of my own, which i
wore out before, the ruffle did. So‘
there you see a perfectly good white
apron which cost not one penny. It is
good for at least a year’s wear with
careful. handling.”

As the ladies closed their note books
they decided to continue the meetings
under the name of the Pass it. Along
Club, each member to contribute a
helpful hint at least once a month, for
the benefit of the others.

 

CAN MEAT FOR SUMMER USE.

 

There is an important winter, as
well as summer, canning season, if an
adequate meat supply is to be provided

l
g
I
j
l
i
I
l
:

 

for the family during the summer
months when salt meats only are avail-

 

_ MEN‘AND woman

Sell the New Improv—
ed Monitor Self-Heat-
lnglton—the‘WVm-ld'S
Beot"—Nickel plated
throughout-0ver
750,000m use. POsitive-‘
ly the easiest. fastest
. selling. Lowest Priced,-

best known iron made. Bind-'
ingGuamntec.Nocx rience
needed. Big rofits or all on
part time. vans. N.
sold twodozen on Sat.. Mrs.
- Eight first half day. New low terms.
Exclusive territory. Sampletteo coworkers.Write today.

The IonltorSad iron 00; e St. Big Prairie. 0.}

AGE" saoio'ssomeuy

 
  
   

 

  
   
   

  
   
     

  
 

 

I 1731‘ F!‘ 14'.

11.4..

..... 4‘ T

L_—_ —\\ ‘
._....- —~

‘ _,,.w:...

. ‘ on media..."

UNDERSTAND’AND’OPEKAIE

859/ TRADE . *fi *
mas new... -

. , “ARK
l ELECTRIC LIGHT PLANT .
‘ Easy to install and simple to maintain '
All it needs is an occasional charg.

ing of the batteries with your gas
engine.The Edison Storage Battegly
0

ts non-acid and witblpué lead platizd
cleamng' periods, no y rometer r ins;
--no complicatedI rulis to iglow. The
Ediso' n Lighting P ant rings cctric Light'
and Power to the most remote farm. Eco-
nomical—reducec lire risk—clean and
sanitary. There is a plant the right size
for your home. Catal X tells about it.
You owe it to yourself and nmily to investigate. ‘

. EDISON STORAGE BATTERY 00o
. 237 Lake-Ida Ave... Orange. N. J.
WI... ChieagoJII.

New York
mm a
-.'-‘ «0 wqa: - .yk. ,. ._ , '\
-. Q r " - —‘ J rial-‘lgfigF-LX’I'
«3"‘Jflfwi’r

. -'H.-
m m m was use?

    
   

 

   
     
   
           
       
       
       
      

Boston I

. i

    
         
     
  
 
 

     

 

 

     
  
  

 

   

.ig‘

 
 

.....coco-000.coccsuso-nI-oou

, ’§“aqs.m“ _

- 1am ._..

ouonooohoi

My Address. - c u ”on. "on..." coo-"count.”

i

" 5 var.

a beef has been killed, preserve part
for winter use by freezing. The re-

able to those distant from market. If?

 

 

mainder, including the inferior cuts,
may be canned successfully by the fol-
IOWing method: Strip the meat from
the bones, using that which is well
streaked with fat, or add sufficient fat
to each can to give it richness and fla-
Cut the meat into suitable sized
’pieces, pack closely in glass jars; add
‘salt and pepper to taste. Fill the jar
almost full of the meat, adding no wa-
ter. Put on new rubbers which have
been boiled for five minutes, and the
tops. If glass tops are used, adjust
the top spring only. In the case of
screw tops, screw the top on until it
touches the rubber. Put the jar into
a. boiler or any receptacle having a
false bottom, and tight cover, which
has in it enough cool or luke-warm
water to cover the jars. Boil from
three to four hours, depending on the
age of the beef, counting time when
the water begins to boil. Remove from
the boiler and tighten cover. Do not
invert the jars as it will disturb the
layer of fat on top.——N. D. Agril. COL

THE LETTER BOX.

 

The American Woman’s Chance.

It is declared that, like the womenl
of other nations, the American wom-l
an’s only complete opportunity is in
the home. True, it does leave her a
wide latitude. And every woman worth
her salt, has a deep, ineradicable in-
stinct for home, wifehood and mother-
hood.

Yet almost everywhere even in the
United States, in numbers women con‘
siderably exceed the men. including
the bad, the half-witted and all other
unfitted to be husbands and fathers.
Pray, then, how without polygamy is
every woman to attain this undeniably
ideal career? ‘

Only about 50 per cent of women
college graduates ever marry, and

 

 

 

 

21—501

Longer Wear for Everybody

You mothers who would lessen the disagreeable,never-
ending task of darning~here’s the hosiery for you.
Makes no difference how hard Dad or Johnny is on his
hose, Durable Durham Hosiery will give him more
wear, because it is built to stand the strain.

Durable

We’ve made our hosiery strongest where the wear is
hardest b heavily reinforcing the toes, soles and heels.
urham Hosiery always keeps its shape, fits
right and comes in correct sizes. The deep elastic tops
are fastened to the bottoms to sfa y. The prices of

DURABLE
DURHAM HOSIERY

FOR MEN. WOMEN AND CHILDREN

25c is all they cost.

the materials grow.

give socks hard wear.

everybody in the house.

are as exceptional as the wearing qualities.
We can offer you such hosiery at such
a price only because of our advantageous location here where
We are also the largest manufacturers

of this class of hosiery in the world.

The United States Government buys Du-
rable Durham Hosiery for the men who
Our unlimited
guarantee is your assurance of satisfactory
service from Durable Durham Hosiery for

DURHAM HOSIERY MILLS
Durham, North Carolina

 

10c, 15c and

Ask your dealer to
show you Our 25¢:
mercerized hosiery

 

BEES, BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY
BOXES AND SEEDS.

Send for tree ental and save freight. _
S. J. GRIGGS & COMPAN . Dept. A, Toledo, Ohio

ABLE IDEAS WANTED. Manufacturers
want Owen Patents. Send {or 3 free
books: Inventions wanted. etc. lhclp
you market. your inventions without charge. Richard

B OWEN, 125 Owen Bldg..Washiugton, I), C.

 

 

Free Book

 

IVER JDHNSDN
This Is Bicycle Year

 

Men, women and children—the old and
the young—are enjoying this queen

of sports. All winter, the resorts of
Florida and California have been
thronged with bicyclists.

There's going to be a shortage of good bicycles
--order your Iver Johnson today. For thirty
years the Iver Johnson has ranked as one of
the strongest, fastest and finest bicycles made.
It is made of Seamless steel tubing, not the
welded tubing used in cheap bicycles. No finer
bearings ever Went into a bicycle. It is finished
with four coats of baked, handmubbed enamel
and heavy nickel over copper plate. Costs
from $30 to $55. Juveniles, $20 to $25.

Send for 84-page book on Bicycles, Motor-
cycles, Revolvers and Shot Guns. I t’s Free.

Iver Johnson’s Arm & Cycle Works
311 River Street Fitchbnrg, Mass.

99 Chambers Street. New York
717 Market Street. San Francisco

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

’ BEST FOR THE READER
Tnzanronn

BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER

Ohio Farmer,
Glovolmd. Ohio.
(Rate 600 per line.)
Michigan Farmer,

Detroit, Mich.
(Rate 400 per line.)

Pennsylvania Farmer
Philadelphia. Pa.
Rate 33L: per line.)
Indiana Farmer,
Indianapolis, ind.
The Progressive
Farmer
Birmingham~Ralclgh
Dallas—Memphis.
Breeder’s Gazette.
Chlcago,lll.
Prairie Farmer
Chicago.
Hoard’s Dairyman.

Guaranteed 0210 1.000
Circulation Line Lines

256,861 $1.122} $1.125

 

57.101 .25 .25

171.131 .5“! .34)

mum» .m .60
“Mom .30 54)

67.52” ,m .in I

 

f

i

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‘ The Farmer,

Ft. Atkinson, Wis.
Wisconsin Agri-

culturist,
Racine. Wis.

m, i-‘ri .30 .::n
l 4i L £47.") .60 .55
St. Paul, Minn.
The Farmer’s Wife 7301):»;
St Paul. Minn.
Wallace’s Farmer,
Dos Moinos, in.
Kansas Farmer,
Topeka. Kan.
Pacific Rural Press
Sm Francisco, Gal.

1,863,465 88.43% 38.43.}

'l‘llcN‘ publications are converted to be the
authoritntnc farm papers of their individual
For mrthcr information address

GEORGE W. HERBERT. Inc.
Western Representative. Advertising Bldg.,
CHICAGO, ILL.

WALLACE 'C. RICHARDSON. Inc.

Western Representative. 41 Park Row.
NEW YORK CITY.

3.1)!) ELM.)
HIHNM .40 ‘40
6| .253 .30 .30

23.000 .lii .lti

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

502-22 “J THE MICHIGA

N FARMER

APRIL 8, 1916.

 

The ONLY cream separator with a. Nickle Silver non-
rusting skimming device. .

The ONLY cream separator adapted for thorough
mechanical cleaning.

The ONLY cream separator with a non-rusting guaran-
tee.

The ONLY cream separator with a. rustless bowl cham-
ber liner.

The ONLY cream separator sanitary from topto bottom
made possible by non-rusting metal and superior con-,
struction.

The ONLY cream separator with a neck bearing ad-
justable while running,

The ONLY cream separator with medium sized gears.
all enclosed and all running in oil.

The ONLY cream separator to which the crank can be
attached to either side.

The ONLY cream separator on which crank may re-
main when operatingliy pulley on opposite side.

The ONLY Well-known cream separator that skims
Nature's way-cream rising to top, skim-milk settling to
bottom.

The ONLY cream separator to win a. World‘s Record
for closest skimming.

The ONLY cream separator from whose bowl all the
cream can be recovered or "flushed.”

Vermont Farm Machine 00.
Si‘i‘t'iiii. a... BELLOWS FALLS. VT, Batman

The “ONLY”

Examine any other separator
in the world and see if you
can find t h c s e important
"ONLY" features. Send for
FR TEE Catalogue )1.

 

 

some of these not till late in life. But
college women are fastidious and will
have none but worthy fathers for their
children. And the woman who is con-
cerned on this latter ground is not go-
ing to have a. wide choice of husbands.
Those college women who do marry,
as a rule, marry well and make devot-
ed wives and ideal mothers.

But earth knows no hotter hell than
the ill-assorted marriage. And those
women who remain “old maids” rather
than marry the wrong man just for the
sake of having a husband and home,
are to be praised and not criticised.
And they have made their lives so com-
fortable and—yes, happy— that they
have fooled the rest of the world and
almost fooled themselves. Yet, at
heart, every normal woman yearns for
her own home, her own husband and
children. This instinct is too deeply
seated to be eradicated by either edu-
cation or other changes of custom.

Woman has not yet completed the

.transition period, and transitions fur-

nish queer, unpleasant types and con—
ditions. One hears much of unwel-
come motherhood and race suicide.
What some thoughtless women have
done along this line is frightful. And
yet the mistresses are. not all to blame
for the childless homes. At random
and within very narrow range I know
three superior women whose deepest
sorrow is that no children bless their
homes. One has now consoled herself
by adopting two homeless children and

 

  
   
    
 

$.35 -\ 33 gfizzent Take N0
High Shoes substitutes

Low Shoes
._ Button Shoes
' Lace Shoes '

 

Don’t let anyone persuade you to accept
an imitation of the genuine Martha Wash-
ington Comfort Shoe. No other choc will

. All Solid
~. Co -

& Egrlt give you so much real comfort and lust-
.‘ ‘2.._\ in“ wear.

, aw

Wear these great shoes and Mar [ha Wflsmng ton

free yourself from the an-

noyance of tired, aching, burn- COInfflrT 6110 CS

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WARNING—Always look for
the name Martha Washington
and Mayer trade mark on the
sole. If your dealer cannot
supply you, write to us.
We make Mayer Honorbilt Shoes in all styles
for men, women, children; Dry-

SOx wet weather shoes;
Honorbilt Cushion Shoes.

F. Mayer Boot
and Shoe Co.,
Milwaukee, Win.

\

   
 
       
 
     
       
     
   
 

 

Plant Strawberries

'i'e ship plants safely to any part of the United States.
Have the VERY BEST for team or garden (‘ULTL‘RL
Also a complete line of Raspberry, Blackberry, (loose—
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Greatest money maker before the American public.
Descriptive catalog free. Write now.

Bridgman Nursery 00.. Box 95. Bridgman, Mich.

“STRAWBERRY PLANTS
THAT GROW”

”l’lifiliilflilSSlVE” Best. Fall-lwarei‘; nisqhsm, » ”H
Juno sol-ts, including our New Seedling, COL- w \i,‘
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\ SenecaFalls,N.Y. /
. ‘/

Catalog Flilili. » (an \
1..
K \ Branches:

If

C. E. Whitten’s Nurseries, \
' Boston Chicag
\ Philadelphia

.47/
M
There’snothingthatmakesfarmhfemore ’
worth while'than an abundance of ure
water for kitchen, bath, lawn, garden,
barns, dairy, troughs, fire protection,
etc. Goulds Pumps are reasonable in
price, and cost little to maintain.
- Our sex-Vice Dept. adVises free on
‘ selecting from the 300 styles of

< :OULDS PUMPS
m :vuw uuwcl
——hand, windmill, Gasoline,
‘ motor. Rigidly tested.Guar-

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experience. Send to-day for

 

I.

Iain Office & Works: 1/14

 

Box H4) Bridgman, Mich. \
"i \
j’ Pittsburgh

Strawberry Plants mm.

All standard varieties at. $1.50 to $2.50 per 1000. HOUStOD
EVER BEARING at $1.50 per 100, l’US’l‘PAlD
Asparagus at $2.50 per 1000. Grapes, raspberries, etc.
Cataloge free. Large stock. Try us .

THE ALLEGAN PLANT CO. Allegan, Mich.

STRAWBERRIES A" v........
Catalog Free
Rokoly's famous Michigan plants. Only hardy well
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Blackberry, Currant etc., including the EVERBEARINO
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.l. N. ROKELY. BOX R5. BRIDGMAN. MIC

trawberry Plants

_ $1.00 poriooo,otc. Best Michigan Stock. 100
Vlfletien including Evorhuron. n‘uo Grapes, Raspberriel Ind
other small fruits. Send today for FREE Clubl-

ALLEGAN NURSERY, BOX 20 ALLEMN. MIC".

 

 

 

a,
Fig. 1531 ' ‘Pyramid”

WEAR YOUR OWN WOOL

. Spun and woven by the old homespun methods,

WHOLESALE PRICES Just as the I‘ilgrnn Mot-hers did it for the Pilgrim

Fathers. \\ 0 Will make you pure wool blankets,

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‘- ‘- WESTONfi“ co., BR'DGMAN' "'cu' us your wool. Write today for price list, and learn
how to save money on the best woolens.
REED CITY WOOLEN MILLS.

Established l883. .- “ Reed City.Mich.

 

 

 

When Writing to Advertisers Please
Mention The Michigan Farmer.

 

lavishing upon them all the fruits of

" .her rich education.

i It was rather the women of fifteen
tor twenty years of age who criminally
jpracticed race suicide. And there was
ia psychological reason for it. Her
lmotlier had been the unwilling mother
lof, perhaps, a dozen or more children,
a task far too big for any woman. An
iunwelcome degree of motherhood is no
inew thing. By too much motherhood
ithis unfortunate woman was defrauded
fof her other human rights. So from
ilher the daughter inherited an inborn
érevolt against a condition and this car-
il‘ied her to the. other extreme. But a

younger generation is resuming the
cares of a natural motherhood and of
a vastly improved motherhood.

In itself motherhood is not neces-
sarily either beautiful or sacred, any
more. than it sums up a woman’s whole
destiny. “’9 love and venerate moth-
ers because of the noble women who
have made motherhood lovely and ven-
erable. Unhappily the human mother
is still not extinct whose sense of her
office ranks perilously near that of the
lower animals. To become a mother
one must first be a noble woman.

VVoman’s seeming abandonment of
the home is not altogether intentional.
It is due to industrial as well as educa-
tional causes. Along with the opening
of colleges to women came the evolu«
tion of machinery. By this the high-
priced workman could be discarded and
his place taken by a cheap, unskilled
workman. The skilled workman was
thus deprived of his human right to
work and support his family; and yet
his family must live. So the wife and
children came to take his place. Again,
the cheap, unskilled factory worker
could not earn enough decently to sup-
port his home, and his wife and chil-
dren had to help. So women went
into the factories. Thus it has gone
on; the machinery which, by providing
more leisure, should have freed the
race to finer living, has welded the
chains of slavery. But none of these
people are to blame for what has hap-
pened to them.

Further, machinery has removed the
old work from the home. Once every
thrifty housewife spun, colored, wove,
cut and made all the clother for her
numerous family. She made her own
carpets and curtains, soap and butter,
and provided all the illumination. Now
all this work is done in factories and
by machinery. With only the simplest
tools she did her own washing and
housecleaning. Now machinery has
made all this comparatively short and
easy. She need not even bake her own

 

 

 

 

 

bread and at the stores she can buy
a ready-cooked dinner.

When in those days there were not
men enough to go around and there

had to be “old maids,” the only re--

spectable career for such an unfortu-
nate was to live as a dependent para—
site on her nearest male relative. Out-
side work would have been a disgrace
to the family. Thus she had the nar-
rowest latitude for individual growth
as a human being. Regardless of her
own preferences she did the work re-
quired of her as the unpaid servant of.
the house. This was no longer ago
than fifty years. Yet what self-re-
specting woman of today would submit
to such a. fate. The “old maid” of to-
day is too fine a human being to be so
at the nod and beck of others’ whims.
To this unmarried woman machinery
as well as education came as a liber-
ator. The home no longer had enough
work for her to do. And is it not far
better that such women, unlucky
enough not to have husbands, should
have other careers in stores, offices,
and schoolrooms where they may do
useful work for an independent living
and even support others? Yes, in-
deed; to American women many desir-
able careers outside the home are op-
en. Think of Frances Willard, Jane
Adams, Ella Flagg Young, whose use-
fulness to the world even the good
wife and mother can hardly match.
We cannot all become famous and,
after all, fame is a hollow thing. But
it is the privilege of every American
woman to make of herself whatever
she will. And whether she ever marry
or not, she may lead an altogether use-
ful and happy 1ife.——Charlotte Bird.

MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.

Our latest Fashion Book, containing
illustrations of over 1,000 designs of
ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar-
ments in current fashions, also newest
embroidery designs, and articles which
give valuable hints to the home dress-
maker, will be sent to any address up-
on receipt of ten cents.

/"‘ r) ,
fig "“
it» ’

4/

J

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

/—' LU

No. 7642—Ladies’ Shirt-waist. Cut
in sizes 34 to 42 inches, bust measure.
The waist may be made with or with-
out the box plait and with either of
two styles of collar.

No. 7640—~Boys’ Russian Suit. Cut in
sizes 2, 4 and 6 years. The blouse
closes in front and the trousers may
be finished with legbands or elastics.

No. 7659—Girls’ Dress. Cut in sizes
6, 8, 10 and 12 years. The dress is
box-plaited and slips on over the head.

No. 7018—Ladies’ Skirt. Cut in siz-
es 22 to 32 inches, waist measure. The
skirt has a circular cut and may be
made in one or two pieces.

No. 7685—Ladies’ Dress. Cut in siz-
es 36 to 44 inches, bust measure. The
dress has a four~gored skirt with high
or regulation waistline.

a...

«r: .,.-.

 

 


 

 

APRIL 8,, 191a

rH‘E MICHIGAN FARMER *

 

autumnlulu"Immmlnunullllnmmllllmmmn

Grange. E

E

Illllllllllllllllllfllllmmwwfllw

Our Motto:-———“The farmer is of mere

consequence than the farm, and should
be first improved.”

 

l-NGHAM COUNTY PO‘MONA MEET.
ING.

 

A beautiful spring day greeted the
Ingham County Grangers, Saturday,
March 25, as they gathered from dif-
ferent parts of the county to hold their
Pomona meeting with Okemos Grange.
Okemos Grange is one of the most
thriving and active Granges in Ingham
county, have usually met once in two
weeks, but this winter they have had
so much business to attend to and so
many new members coming in that
they have had to meet every week.

A great deal of business was attend-
ed to in the forenoon. This included
the roll call of Granges of the county
and the obligating in the fifth degree
of 14 candidates. State Master J. C.
Ketcham, who was present, gave them
‘the obligation. By the time the call
came for dinner the hall was overflow-
ing, so it was announced that the af-
ternoon session would be an open
meeting and would be held at a near-
by church. Aftr an excellent dinner
served by the ladies of Okemos Grange,
all adjourned to the church.

As the question of local option is to
be submitted to the people of Inglram
county this spring this was local op~
tion day for Ingham County Pomona
and a lcal option program was given.
Music was furnished by Okemos
Grange, one selection by a male quar-
tette and one by a mixed octette. Four
little children, two little Raymond chil-
dren and two little Daniels children,
gave a motion song entitled, “From a
Man to a Jug.” Master James Webb,
of Williamston Grange, gave a recita-
tion which was a regular “Grange”
recitation, and Miss Jessie Turner, in
a very pleasing style, gave a reading,
“The Horn of Plenty.” Mrs. E. E.
Keeler, of Alaiedon Grange, Was pres-
ent and favored the Grange with two
of her fine readings. The event of the
afternoon was an address by State
Master Ketcham. For the last three
days Master Ketcham has been deliv~
ering local option addresses to the
Grangers throughout the county, meet-
ing with Ingham Grange at Dansville,
Thursday afternoon. March 23, with
Stockbridge Grange that evening, with
Fitchburg Grange on Friday afternoon,
March 24, with Holt Grange that even-
ing, and spending Saturday with Ing-
ham County Pomona at Okemos and
closing the week with Telephone
Grange at Leslie that evening. His
address was interesting, revealing the
weaknesses of the arguments of the
“wets.” He. took as his subject, “Dust,”
and likened the arguments of the
“wets” to dust that they were trying
to throw in our eyes to obscure the
vision of the real questions at issue.
It was thoroughly enjoyed by all. Mas-
ter Ketcham is a forceful speaker,
with an animated delivery, and never
fails to capture and hold the attention
of his hearers. After a song by the
choir, the Grange adjourned to meet
with Fitchburg Grange April 22.

Ingham County Pomona Grange has
in the last year been following a new
line of procedure about initiating can-
didates. They hold only a day session
with the forenoon for business and the
afternoon open to the public, with a

program in charge of the worthy lec-‘
turer. So a class is obtained in the
fifth degree in two or three_near-by
Granges, then at some set time the
fifth degree members go to one of
these Granges and initiate the class.
It has been found better to do this
than to initiate once a year as they
used to do as it was hard for the can-
didates to all get together in one place.
The fourteen candidates obligated will
be initiated with others from Okemos,
Williamston, and other near-by Grang-
es, at Okemos, May 6.—Mrs. H. M.
Young.

23—503

 

 

Elm”llIllllllllllllllIllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl , ,_ .
E 9 E ' l ‘ '

gFarmerS CIUbSE ASIER HANEVER
g E

WWIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllTlllllllllllllllllllll|lllUlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllg . _ g ‘

Address all communications relative
to the organization of new Clubs
Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.

CLUB DISCUSSIONS.

S

 

 

Benefits Derived from Local Option.
--A notable feature of the program of
the annual temperance meeting of the
Essex Farmers’ Club, of Clinton coun-
ty. was a paper on the above named
topic, read by Ex-Associational Presi-
dent J. T. Daniels, which is given in
full by request of the Club.

The above question has been assign-
ed to me by the program committee
for correct answer, but I am not sure
that I shall be able to list the entire
number or to state the full value of
the many benefits accruing to Clinton
county through the Wise action of its
citizens in banishing from its domain
the harmful saloon.

Clinton county is the recipient of
but the same benefits, in this matte,
that are certain to come. to each and
every county which is wise enough to
place the correct estimate in the injur-
ious influences of the legalized saloon
and then second that estimate with
the ballot.

As long as human nature remains “

“Human Nature,” with a disposition,
so often shown, to take the “wrong
road” when coming to the “parting of
the ways,” just so long will humanity
laws, whereby the “right way” may
need the helpful aid of restrictive
become its choice.

There is a period in the life of each
individual when the age of personal
responsibility is reached and at this
period it is presumed that the years of
good discretion and sound judgment
have been reached, but, most unfortu-
nately, this is, often, not the case,
many being yet, but “children of a
larger growth,” and needing, still, wise
counsel and the helpful aid of good
laws, and fully enforced.

The question is yet being asked, as
of old, “Am I my brother’s keeper?”
and the answer comes back, through
the ages, assuring that we are, to a
certain extent, responsible for the acts
and resulting conditions of our asso-
ciates and this responsibility we can-
not avoid.

The fact is undisputed that each and
every one exerts an influence, either
helpful or harmful, to a greater or less
degree, upon their associates and, also,
upon the public sentiment of the times
in which they live.

Clinton county banished the saloon
because public sentiment had become
educated and enlightened to that ex-
tent that the destructive influences of
the saloon had become recognized and
the result has been the bringing of
much real good to Clinton county.

Men who formerly spent their leis-
ure hours and spare money in the
saloon are new spending those hours
in their homes and more money is now
available to make comfortable the in-
mates of those homes and the former
saloon-supporters are becoming the
supporters of worthy causes, this re-
sulting from the better influences now
surrounding them. The “Moral Up-
lift” which has come to our saloonless
county is, perhaps, the most valuable
asset therefrom, and this will increase
in value as the years go by. We have
not the. statistics at hand, but it is
well known that the court calendar is
much reduced in the saloonless county
and that the county jail has, from this
cause, become, in some instances, with-
out an occupant.

Mention has, herein, been made of
but a portion of the many benefits
which have resulted from the banish~
ing, from our county, the saloon which
is justly charged with being responsi-
ble for a very large percentage of the
poverty, suffering and crime which ex-
ists. The indications are very favor-
able that when the opportunity soon
to be given, occurs, the people of our
beautiful peninsula state will banish
frOm its borders the destructive saloon.

We, of the older generation, can re-
member that once it was lawful to
sell a woman on the auction block, as
a chattel, if in her veins there flowed
the blood—even in smallest degree—of
the Negro race. That crime of our
nation, with its deep stain, has been
washed out with blood and with tears
and the present generation of citizens
will surely be permitted to see the
glad day when it shall no longer be
lawful to sell intoxicating liquors, for
beverage purposes, with all of the at-
tending harm, if only a prescribed por-
tion of the money be paid into the
coffers of the state and the nation.
The great wrong of licensing the sal-
oon must not continue if our nation is
to be prosperous and blessed of God.

 

        

TOOIlN A GAIIOWAY ENGINE

”‘9‘ 10,000 ENGINES IN 90 DAYS T

That's the number of Genuine Galloway Engines from 1% h. p. to 16 §
h. p. that I want to distribute on my hsspecial advertising distribution

       
  
  
 
 
 

   
 
 
   

| U: 3770...... I ‘ ' proposition during the next three mont . .
~' MY NEW SPECIAL PROPOSITION
2'5, hm,” is ready for you today. I want you to t it because this offern in connection with
h...“.;._ my new lower than ever 1916 DI'ICQS on allowa Masterpiece Engines from 1 3-4 h. D.

to 16 h. 39., will save {you money. You cannot uy a better engine than the Galloway
Masterpiece. Tens o thousands of Galloway Masterpiece engine users have said so .
themse veal I build this engine right here m Waterloo in my own laclorles and build
it no good that when It goes out. into the hands of a customer, one Masterpiece en no
sells from one to a dozen more. Galloway Enolneo sweep w h ole communities ike

mm That‘s why I say-'-

Ellll’! 99 l 1mg
Unti you have seen this new lilo

zoo-page book that tells all about «Arr-4f "
m - _~

  
  
  
  

Galloway engines and explains my _ _:

new extra sveolal adverllsln dism- vs .
. - bullon oller. .If you answere all the . t ’ "' "
V engine advertisements ever published you would not find /I
an offer fairer, squarer or more in your favor. You owe
it to our pocket-book and the sellolacllon that you do-
- mend in the operation of the engine you buy to answer lhls aver.
. llscmonl and learn the particulars of. this new 90-day 0 or to

distribute 10,000 more Masterpiece Engines. 'lhe areal Ogllowa
ell-In ol holorles are running an Mum. We are turning on . .
re Maul loco En Ines than ever and the reason 15 thatwe are bulldm them so good. from such a high-
perfected aign, 0? such good materials, and by such thoroughly skille workmen that ever Galloway
. ' sellsono or more wherever introduced. Slx liberal «lung plans. cash or lorms. rite today.
‘ nd- ex coolin Iii-faces, laz- e semi-
1 9‘ 6 'MPROVEMENTNS' 'Illeilldsvdgifesllggggxget— goof?nlii-aée%ll:pylinderét agiustallile
- curb ; s, so some y w e9 5; ul mm 0;. orcu es
mififim‘mgma ”Wei“ lint. :fé’lszfm m ”’é‘fkl‘iftté‘i‘éflal‘ei was.
.3533 hit wig: $3133: 33%.! k'lfiggln {Keir field. Engines 911in Waterloo, Council Blu s. Knnm

‘ . d Ch .
ggd'rglnfiagognmls 1:12:5ng printed In four colors. II: will solve your power problems. A postal sets It,

WM. GALLON“. Pres, WM. GALLON“ 60., 185 Galloway 8t... Waterloo. Iowa
Enulno Mum Upcolalm

Mowomo % c we we I as. 0 gas {film -

terpleee

 
  

mow. % o

 

93340;

"in :aml sdlalIV-‘uionlhly payments i.
‘ sewn: lor you any 0! 150 models

01 high grade Autos. priced al 3235 to '
H.285. lowing Cats. Roadsters.
lmcks and lilneys, originally cosling up lo '.l,00(l ‘
H GUARANTEED FOR ONE YEAR H ‘

FOR l“ PAGE FR 1 CIYALOGUE

‘ WHITE 79 I!
AUTO TRADING 00., luc.,,58..fiitltt.¢f'$'l‘

 

   

ll" anowm: mm
POSTPAID ANYWHERE
Senator Dunla we

1 ; $3.75 w‘fi. £3?

gressive Everbearers die
doz., $2 per 100.

The HINMAN Mllkel' is so simple that it not
only costs less than complicated machines, but
it is easier to install. Also costs less to keep in
order and operate. No machine will pay for
itself if it wears out. in 2 years' time. The
HINMAN has had 8 years of success. Sim lo
combination of pump, vacuum in wt ve

   

chamber in poll cover and tent cupSano pipe .
line or vacuum tank~no vacuum in pail~no 86Vare I w-Fnc‘mn Northern Fl'llll Farm.
complicated mechanism. ieties. Lincoln, Mich.

Saves cost of hired help. Saves more

 

The! Protect and Pay

 

 

 

more milk.
If youhavo six or more cows to milk you will
some day use the HINMAN.
Write now for catalog and full portioning

mum mums mom: co.

13-33 sum-m st. OllElIlA, u. I.
Registered Porcherons

0
Here ls the Biggest
. 2 rising two year old Percheron Stallions weight 1550
Piece of News nastiness“ °° c:ra:..‘naa.....
O O - .
m the Hlstory of "'°".';3a"s.'*itarsatrapezium
Cream Separators FOR SALE—Birgitta:Etittszzafri‘sarn:

anltod. r. L. K we gson. Charlotte. Mich.

For sale. Two Registered Percheron Stallions coming
-thx'ee andslx, black andgrey" Will sell for 14
their valuclr sold soon. ’l‘.H.Love, R. 3. Howell. Mich

LOESER BRGS.

We have 100 head of Belgian and Per-
cheron Stallions and mares. Imported and
home bred. We have sold pure bred horses
in Michigan for the last25 years.and have
the right kind, and at the right price. We
can supply any numberofwork horses, both
geldings and mares. Get. in touch with no.

LIGONIER, INDIANA.

Registered dark bay Belgian StlIll to;
For sale more old, sound and a sure foal 03-81:".
right 1850 lbs. Cheap if sold at once. Address
. . Warner, Owosso, Mich., Route No. 6.

JACKS
AND
MULES

Raise mules and get rich. 200
head fine lar e jacks Jennys
and mules, 4 to l'l hands
11 a . Large registered jacks
and draft. stall ions cheap now.
Will trade for sheopmattle or
h0rses.Writefm' prices today.

time for field work. Increases size of

herd. Makes some cow. produce PATENTS Send Sketch or Model for Search
BOOKS AND ADVICE F R E E
Watson E. Coleman' Pat/mt 1.au'y("r.Washlnglon, 0.0.

FERTILIZER

Muncey (lzirtagel Co., shippers of horse manure and
tobacco stems. 450 Grand River Avenue, Detroit
Mich. Tel. Grand 821 and 4267.

HORSES

 

 

 

 

 

 

t

 

 

  
 
  
   

 

The selling of separators
now revolutionized by this great
otter. You can now get the finest
made and beat designed machine
ever butil tg-the "few Natifinuwbh
excuse o u a c ' .

. car]: get {herpezv Natioggllsgith tlfifltfi
ve one 0 as on one- 000

* devicewith nopgctual ouahyofmonetfv‘f

No Cost to You

Write for parliculars of this histo ~
makm offer. Get all articulate of {Ks
man one Vortespoon. is no-coat offer

  

1-

  
 

 

is strictly limited. Write qui and get
in your hands. You can do it y sendin
your name and address how. Ask for o
no-coab-bol-you offer. Write ——now.

National Dairy Machine Co., Dept. 3398,

The Buckeye ,2;

TONGUE SUPPORT ’1' ’

. .,.(v

for binders, i :
mowers. disc harms,
manun :pmdm, and
corn hamsters. gt]

AGENTS wanted in every county in the '33:;

U.S.. except when represenhd. Write for ' . ' '
circulars. testimonials and w

can. I S k Koo 'nteeri. Address -'
Th0 Milford Mfg. barffiansfield, Ohio Kfixwd‘golicx FARM w."

DOGS ‘
,. m m: mammals:
l arm... smearsrszac o L L I E DOGS
‘ 1 Wagons. alum

 

W
Carbon, Ind.

 

 

 
   
  
     

 

 

 

 

9' wood Wheels to fit The Best on Earth at Reasonable Prices.

”"7 "mm" l E. A. scenes. Dundee, Michlm.

gear. Send for
' it today.

 

    

. s 'I"T,.l.,-._5¢r‘
El'mcwmllil- . ’Vfi ‘IIWIN FM llllllfl""‘ " é““""‘“"
35“““°-°"'“"-“E “l" i w. a. noun. "“-:§§:.§.Im‘:‘a‘in'~

 


  

504—24

~W~M~___._.*_L. w ... ,. A-.. .. .... .

 
 

THE MI'CHIG‘AN‘IFARMER'

APRIL 8. 1916.

 

 

E IIIIHIIIIIIIIllllIIIIIIIIIIllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIll!|IIIlIIIIIIIlIHillIiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIfl
E:- S
Markets.
EfllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllIIllllllllll|IIIIIIIIIIII|lllllIIllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIfiIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

GRAINS AND SEEDS.
April 4, 1916.

Wheat—With predictions that the
United States winter wheat crop will
probably be the smallest of any for the
past twelve years, buyers became anx-
ious early this week and prices ad
vanced on Monday from three to five
cents per bushel in the important grain
markets. The largest advance was for
July options. This bullish situation is
augmented by conditions in the spring
wheat districts where work has been
delayed and sowing will be unusually
late, thus giving the crop a bad start.
Foreigners also took hold of the mar‘
ket freely on Monday, and it is stated
that reserves in Holland are exhaust-
ed. The extreme gain of values last
week amounted to over 131.!3c per bush-
el in Chicago. One year ago No. 2 red
wheat was quoted at $1.55 1/12 per busn-
el. Detroit’s last week’s quotations
were:

No. 2 No.1
. Red. W'hite. May.
Wednesday . .1.161.é 1.11% 1.1734
Thursday . . . . . .1. 1,4, 1.1314, 119%;

Friday .. .1. ~34 1.1231, 1.19
Saturday .......1. 1% 1.13% 1.20
Monday .........1 1,4) 1171/2 1.24
Chicago.—-—No. 3 red wheat $1.19@
1.24%; May $1201.41; July $1.193/3.
Corn.—The corn market is strong;
receipts have been small and the de-
mand from eastern points and Canada.
has been lively. The upward trend In
wheat values has also imparted
strength to corn. One year ago No. 3
corn was quoted at 741/2c per bushel.
Prices in Detroit last week were:

NHHH

No. 3 No. 3

Mixed. Yellow.
Wednesday 72 741-2
Thursday 73 751/.»
Friday 731/2 76
Saturday 731/4.» 76
Monday ............. 741/2 77

Chicago—No. 2 yellow corn 811,.1,@
811/20; May 761/4c; July 771/gc.

Oats—Delay in seeding in important
oat growing sections and the probable
reduction in the acreage in northern
United States and Canada, due to the
late spring, has given a firmer tone to
the oat deal. There was a substantial
decrease in the, visible supply and the
domestic consumption is fully up to
normal. One year ago standard oats
were quoted at 591/30. Last week’s
prices were:

No. 3
Standard. White.
\Vednesday . ........ ‘ 48 47
Eigrsday ........... :2 :1
iay......... ..... .t
Saturday ........... 48 47
Monday ............. 4 3 1/2 4 7 V2

Chicago.—-—Standard oats 4634627470;
May 45940; July 435/8c. _

Barley.—At Milwaukee the iiialting
grades are quoted at 69@76c and at
Chicago 62@77c. . '

Rye—Trade is firm and quiet With
a fair demand. Cash No. 2 is 93c per
bushel.

Beans.——This trade remains steady
with last week. Supplies are small.
Cash beans at Detroit $3.65; April
$3.70; May $3.75. At Chicago values
have advanced and trade is firm. Pea
beans, hand—picked $3.90@4.60: prime
$3.45@3.85; red kidneys $4.75@5.25.

Peas—Market unchanged at $2.40@
2.50, sacks included, at Chicago. .

Clover Seed.—-Market is easy. Primre
red clover $10.60; prime alsike $9.20.
At Toledo prime cash is $10.45; do al—
' sike $9.25.

Timothy Seed.——Prime $3.50 per bu.

 

 

 

FLOUR AND FEEDS.

 

Noun—Jobbing lots in one-eighth
paper sacks are selling on the Detroit
market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best
patent $6.50; seconds, $6; straight
$5.70; spring patent $6.70; rye flour $6.

Feed.—ln 100-11). sacks, jobbing lots
are: Bran $24: standard middlings

25; fine middlings $30; cracked corn
31.50; corn and oat chop $28 per ton.

Hay.—N0. 1 timothy, $18.50@19;
standard timothy $17.50@18; light
mixed $17.50@18: No. 2 timothy $15.50
@16; No. 1 mixed $14@15; No. 1 C10‘
ver $12@13. . .

Chicago—Higher. CliOice timothy
$19.50@20.50; No. 1 do $18@19; No. 2
."15.50 16.50.

I) Stra%.——\\’li(1zit and oat straw $6.50
@7: rye $7.50@8 per ton.

DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.

 

Butter.——Market continues firm at
slightly higher prices for dairy and
packing stock. Other kinds remain un-
changed. Extra creamery 36c; firsts
341/2c; dairy 250; packing stock 22c.

Elgin.———The supply of fancy goods is
still light and prices remain unchang-

cd. Price for the week, based on the
sales, is 360.

Chicago.~The tone of the market is
easy but prices remain unchanged. The
suppfiy is slightly increasing but it is
still ight. On account of high prices
buying in small lots prevails. Extra
creamery 36c; extra firsts 351/20; firsts
33@34l/zc; extra dairies 35c; packing
stock 23%@24c.

Eggs.———The demand is good and the
market firm at higher prices. Current
receipts are. quoted at 200; candled
firsts 201/20. .

Chicago.-——The feeling is steady at
prices slightly higher than last week.
Liberal arrivals, however, are making
buyers more cautious. Firsts 191,.1@
191/20; ordinary firsts I81/gc;. miscel-
laneous lots, cases included 181/2@
191/2c a. dozen. '

Poultry—Market is active and the
receipts are light. Prices are well
maintained. Turkeys 16@17c; spring
turkeys 21@22c; fowls 14@191,§c, ac-
cording to quality; spring chickens 17
@19c; ducks 19@200; geese 17@18c.

Chicago—The feeling is firm and
prices are higher. The demand is good
but buyers are reluctant to pay higher
prices. Turkeys 17@19c; fowls 121/2,
@18c; springs 18c; ducks 18c; geese
10@13c a pound.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

 

 

Apples.—-Apples are easy and ac-
tive. Prices are unchanged. Green-
ings $2.50@3.50; Spy $3.50@4; Bald-
wins $3@3.50; Steel Red $4@4.50. At
Chicago barrel stock showing effects
of storage is easy. Good firm stock
sells well at unchanged prices. No. 1
Greenings are quoted at $2.50@3.50 per
bbl; Jonathans, No. 1 $3.50@4; Bald-
wins $3@3.25; Spys $3.50@4.

Potatoes.—Potatoes are in good de-
mand at last week’s prices. Carlots
on track, white $1.05@1.08; red 95c@
$1 per bushel. At Chicago the market
is fairly active at slightly lower prices.
No Michigan stock quoted; other kinds
sell from 87@95c. At Greenville pota-
toes are selling at 85c.

WOOL AND HIDES.

 

Wool—The, trade shows continued
firmness both in the manufacturing
centers and in the growing districts.
In the west sheepmen are making con-
tracts at prices from two to four cents
higher than dealers are getting for the
same grades in the east. This would
indicate confidence in the market dur-
ing the coming year. The bullish side
of the trade was encouraged this past
week through negotiations by the Am-
erican government for uniform goods
made necessary through the trouble in
Mexico. The general domestic trade
and the demand from foreign countries
point to a sustained market. Michigan
unwashed delaines are quoted in Bos-
ton at 31@32c: do combing 32@37c;
do clothing 26@3lc. '

Hides—No. 1 cured 170; do. green
150;, No. 1 cured bulls 130; do. green
10c; No. 1 cured calf 25c; do. green
24c; No. 1 horsehides $4.50; No. 2
$3.50: No. 2 hides lc lower than the
No. 1; sheepskins 500@$2, according
to amount of wool.

GRAND RAPIDS.

 

The potato market. shows no mate-
rial change, with the price around 80
@850 It. is not expected that pota-
toes will go much lower than this and
it seems reasonable on the other hand,
to expect, $1 stock before many weeks.
Late blight has affected tubers to a
large extent. The egg market, contin—
ues rather firm, with dealers bidding
18@190. At this season many eggs are
going into incubators or under hens
for hatching and table consumption is
also very large. The apple market
continues slow. Fancy Spies will bring
$1.75 in a small way, and from this fig-
ure this best all~round apple ranges
down to 500 according to quality. No
2 red wheat is quoted at $1.09, with
other grains unchanged.

DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.

 

 

Considering the season, there was a
fairly good volume of business tran-
sacted on the Eastern Market Tuesday
morning. Excepting‘ apples, products
moved fairly quickly. Apple prices
ranged from 75c@$1.75, but sales were
slow and purchases were usually small.
Potatoes $1.15@1.25: lettuce 60@70c;
cabbage 60@75c; parsnips 55@650;
carrots $1@1.15; eggs 25c; loose hay
is easy at $18@22, not much coming in
on account of bad roads.

LIVE STOCK MA—R—k—Ers.

Buffalo.

April 3, 1916.
(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards.

Buffalo, N. Y.)
Receipts here today: Cattle 135 cars:
hogs 60 d. d.; sheep and lambs 50 d.
d.; calves 1100 head.

 

With 135 cars of cattle today, there

were around 20 cars of shipping cattle,

and all the’big eastern buyers were in
the market, although the trade was
slow and 10@15c lower. There was a.
good demand from the outside for the
butcher cattle, but the bulk of them
had to go at 10@15c decline.
for a fair run of cattle next Monday
and a steady market.

Receipts of hogs all over the coun-
try today were much lighter than some
time past, consequently a sharp ad.
vance in prices at all markets. The
general run of yorkers and mixed sold
at $10.25, with a few at $10.30 and an
occasional load of fancy at $10.35; pigs
sold at $9.50 and light hogs from $9.75
@10. About everything sold at the
close and late trade was strong, with
a good clearance.

Market was active on choice sheep
and lambs, but slow on heavy and
coarse, with prices 200 lower than the
close of last week. About all sold and
we look for steady to possibly a shade
higher prices the last 0f the week.

We quote: Lambs $11.65@11.75;
cull to fair $8@11.60; yearlings $8.50@
10.75; bucks $4.50@7.50; handy ewes
$8.50@9; heavy ewes $8.50@8.75;
wethers $9@9.40; cull sheep $4.50@7;
veals, good to choice $10.25@10.50;
common to fair $8@10; heavy $6@9.

 

Chicago.
April 3, 1916.
Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Receipts today.. 9,000 20,000 16,000
Same day 1915. .11,350 30,774 11,177
Last week ...... 43,590 149,975 52,176
Same wk 1915..32,378 100,343 40,181

The cattle supply is unusually small
for Monday. and butcher stuff sold
freely at advances of 10@15c, but buy-
ers of steers were holding back, with
a view of- preventing the advance that
seemed likely to occur later in the day.
Hogs were scarce and 250 higher, with
sales at $9.25fd‘9.80. Hogs received
last week averaged 215 lbs.

Cattle were in very fair general de-
mand last week, but increasing sup<
plies gave buyers an opportunity to
stop the recent upward movement of
prices, and several declines took place

' for the rank and file of the offerings.

The decline was pretty general, taking
in canners and cutters, as well as the
better kinds of cattle, with the bulk of
the steers selling at $8.50@9.65 and
the best long-fed weighty steers going
at, $9.50@10. The common to fair
steers of light weight and thin in flesh
brought $7.25@8.50, while medium'to
good grade steers brought $8.60@8.95.
and good lots sold for $9@9.45.~ Butch-
ering cattle were in demand at $5.15@
8.75 for cows and $5.25@9.15 for heif-
ers, with a sale of 21 fancy yearling
heifers that averaged 689 lbs. at $9.15,
but sales of cows and heifers near top
prices were insignificant. Cutters sold
at $4.50@5.10, canners at $3.25@4.45
and bulls at $5.25@8.40, the bull mar-
ket being higher for the better class.
Calves were lower, with sales at $4.50
@925, with early week sales up to $10.
There was a fair traffic in stockers
and feeders, and great rejoicing took
place when the announcement was
made public that there was an end of
the quarantine on live stock, the whole
country being free from the hoof-and—
mouth disease at last after the long
period-of waiting. Stockers and feed-
ers were purchased at a range of $5.50
@840, prices depending mainly on the
quality, with slow sales of the poorer
offerings, and prime little yearling
steers among the highest sellers. Illis
nois has been the chief buyers of these
cattle of late, Michigan also taking
hold pretty well, but from now on a
free outward movement to various
states is looked forward to, the princi-
pal obstacle being the ruling high pric-
es asked for good stockers. At the
close cattle averaged around 250 lower
than a week earlier, and some going
off more and others less, with the
quoted top $9.90 and the best calves
selling around $8.50.

Hogs suffered several bad breaks in
prices last, week, greatly to the sur-
prise of most sellers, who had counted
upon firm markets. Increasing receipts
Were, not offset by larger shipping pur-
chases, the eastern demand falling off,
and large numbers of hogs were car-
ried over unsold from day to day, these
accumulations playing into the hands
of buyers. Hogs were largely good in
quality, and recent receipts averaged
221 lbs., the heaviest since last Sep-
tember, being six pounds heavier than
a week earlier, comparing with 194
lbs. two months ago and 237 lbs. 3.
year ago. The general expectation was
that the decline in prices would check
receipts until the loss was recovered.
Friday was low day, with the ion at
$9.40, but a boom the following day
lifted hogs to $9.05@9.55, with one sale
of. prime butcher weights at $9.60.
Shippers bought hogs at $9.45@9.55,
while pigs brought $7@8.40. A week
earlier hogs brought $9.35@10.

Lambs, yearlings and sheep were as
active as ever last week, and prices
were far higher than in former years

We look

at corresponding dates, notv'vithstand—
ing some marked. declines on days
when the local packers were the chief
buyers. Colorado furnished the prin-
cipal part of the lambs, and early sales
made the phenomenal record of $11.90.
Shorn lambs and sheep Were offered
fairly and sold at a liberal discount,
With increasing offerings. Feeders
urcre' scarce and greatly in demand,
and .prices ruled higher than ever,
Michigan shearers paying $11.15 per
100 lbs. for three carloads of 72-lb.
western lambs from Iowa in rather
light flesh, but of high shearing capa-
City. Light Colorado yearlings made
a new high. record at $10.75. At the
week’s close lambs weer lower, with
sales at $9@11.50, feeding lambs bring-
ing $10.25@11 and heavy lambs $9.50
@1050. Yearlings closed at $9@10.75,
wethers at $8@9.25, ewes at $5.50@8.85
and bucks at $6.50@7.75.

 

A CO-OPERATIVE COMMUNITY.

 

In the court house in the city of
Hillsdale, occurred recently, a meeting
of unusual interest. and importance to
all connected with the co-operative
movement. At this meeting, attended
by 150 representatives of co-operative
associations, a permanent federation
was formed to be known as the United
Co-operative Societies.
Michigan was omitted, as it is hoped
that co-operative associations of Ohio
and Indiana will join the federation,
thus making it something more than a.
state organization. The three counties
of Hillsdale, Branchand Lenawee were
most strongly represented at the gath-
ering, although delegates were in at
tendance from other sections. Owing
to the fact that Hillsdale county asso-
ciations were. initiators of the wider
movement, Hillsdale city was made
the headquarters of the federation. W.
F. Vedder, of Chicago, managing direc-
tor of the American cooperative Fed-
eration Bureau, was present and as—
sisted in forming the permanent feder—
alion. It is expected that the new sec-
tional association will affiliate with the
national co-operative organization.

The officers of the newly formed as.
sociation are for the most part, men
prominently connected with the coop-
erative movement in their respective
localities. The list is as follows: Pres-
ident, John Hoolihan, Montgomery;
vice-president, Delbert. Parker, Palmy-
ra; secretary-treasurer, Carl Martin,
Goldwater; directors, John Hoolihan,
Montgomery; Elsworth Lovell, Jones-
yille; W. E. Sheldon, Litchfield; Del-
bert Parker, Palmyra; Carl Martin,
(‘oldwaten One of the principal ob-
jects of the new association will be to
advocate and promote the standardiza-
tion and grading of farm products, and
to assist in marketing them. This
larger organization and larger work
has grown naturally out of the unpre-
cedented growth of the co—operative
idea in this section. When it is stated
that 30 co-operative associations were
represented at the Hillsdale meeting,
it will be possible to form some ade-
quate idea of the rapidity and extent
to which the co—operative movement
has attained in Hillsdale county and
its neighbors, during the past two
years. As the writer has more than
once stated in these columns, the co-
operative idea has come to stay. It is
giving the farmer the opportunity for
which he has waited for centuries.

Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.

 

 

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Get one. Cut your seed quicker. easier
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or one eve to the piece. '

Bend .25 only and we Will send you

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Your money will heflaidly refunded and
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“'0 C film. ‘
Remit by P 0. Money] Order, prrese
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RICHARDSON mm 00.. East Jordan. lllcli.

A4

 

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31“

APRIL .8, 1916.

THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.

 

The first edition is sent to those who
have not expressed a. desire for the
latest markets. The late market edi—
tion will be sent on request at any
time.

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.

Thursday’s Market.
March 30, 1916.
Cattle.
Receipts 1762. The run in all_de-
partments at the local yards was light
this week, due to the bad condition of

 

 

’ country roads. Drovers from all parts

of the state report so much water that
it is almost impossible to drive any-
thing but cattle. All local railroads,
however, made good time with what
they did get and everything was yard—
ed early on both Wednesday and
Thursday.

In the cattle division the trade op—
ened up strong at last week’s prices,
but closed a trifle dull, especially on
the common stuff. Common milch
cows are still very hard to sell and
bring low prices, but good grades are
selling well and in good active de-
mand.

The demand for the country was
more active than in several weeks and
quite a few went back for feeding.

we quote: Best heavy steers $8@
9; best handy weight butcher steers
$7.50@7.75; mixed steers and heifers
$7@7.25; handy light butchers $6.75@
7; light butchers $6.50@6.75; best
cows $6@6.50; butcher cows $5.50@
5.75; common cows $4.50@5; canners
$4@4.50; best heavy bulls $6616.25;
bologna bulls $5.50@5.75; stock bulls
$5.25@5.75; feeders $6.50@7.25; stock-
ers $5.25@6.25; milkers and springers
$40@90.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Bresnahan 1
cow wgh 1170.at $5.25, 2 do av 765 at
$4.25, 5 do av 1090 at $5.40, 1 steer
wgh 980 at $7.50, 2 do av 985 at $7.50,
2 bulls av 1060 at $6; to Thompson
Bros. 25 steers av 860 at $7.60; to Ap-
plebaum 1 bull wgh 770 at $6.25; to
Newton B. Co. 17 steers av 1093 at
$8.25, 6 do av 1275 at $8.25, 9 do av
909 at. $7.40, 3 do av 917 at. $7.40, 30 do
av 881 at $7.60, 1 do wgh 1150 at $8, 6
do av'825 at $7, 4 cows av 1025 at $6,
9 do av 794 at $5.50, 3 do av 977 at
$6.50, 7 do av 971 at $6, 2 do av 960 at
$5.25; to Brefort 2 do av 1070 at $4.50,
2 do av 1000 at $6; to Newton B. Co.
8 steers av. 1013 at $7.75, 1 cow wgh
1140 at $4.75, 3 do av 1017 at $6.75, 5
steers av 980 at $7.25, 4 cows av 930
at $6.25, 5 steers av 966 at $7.60, 3 do
av 1193 at $8, 3 do av 1050 at $6. 2 do
av 925 at $7.50, 1 bull wgh 1520 at
$6.50, 2 steers av 1275 at $8, 2 do av
1025 at $7.75, 5 do av 958 at $6.25, 5

bulls av 954 at $6; to Bray 3 steers av.

1280 at $9, 6 cows av 1158 at $6.50:
Veal Calves.

Receipts 638. The veal calf trade
was 500 lower than on Wednesday and
about 750 lower than they were a
wack ago and the heavy and common
grades were hard to sell at the decline.
Best grades $10@10.50; common and
medium and heavy $7@ 9.50.

Haley & M. sold Dunn 15 av 160 at
$11.50; to Thompson Bros. 15 av 140
at $11; to Parker, W. 8: C0. 2 av 205
at $8, 1 wgh 160 at $11, 18 av 140
at $11. .

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts 710. There was hardly
sheep and lambs enough on sale to es-
tablish a market, being less than 800
for the entire week. The market. for
what was here was active and strong
at 35@5OC higher than last week on
good lambs; sheep selling strong. Best
lambs $11.65; fair lambs $10.50@11.25:
light to common lambs $8.50@10;
yearlings $10; fair to good sheep $7@
8.25; culls and common $5@6.50.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle P. Co.
13 lambs av 80 at $10, 141 do av 75 at
$11.25; to Thompson Bros. 104 do av
80 at $11.65; to Sullivan P. Co. 120 do
av 85 at $11.65; to Mich. B. Co. 99 do
av 53 at $9.50, 10 sheep av 82 at $7,
98 do av 85 at $11.65; to Nagle P. Co.
4 lambs av 80 at $10.50, 42 do av 50
at, $10. H

098.
Receipts 6056. Hogs had a slump
of 15@200 on Thursday from prices
paid on \Vednesday, and are selling at
$9.25@9.45 for yorkers and mixed and
$8@8.25 for pigs. This 18 15@250 low.
er than they were a week ago and dull
at the decline.

Friday’s Marl-(ct.
March 31, 1916.
Cattle.

Receipts this week 2402; last week
2758. Market opened steady; closed
10@15c lower. Best heavy steers $8
@9; best handy weight butcher steers
$7.50@7.65; mixed steers and heifers
$7@7.15; handy light butchers $6.75@
7; light butchers $6.50@6.65; best cows
$6@6.40; butcher cows $5.50@5.65;

common cows $4.50@4.85; canners $4

@450; best heavy bulls $5.75@6; bo-
logna bulls $5.25@5.50; stock bulls $5
@550; feeders $6.50@7.25; stockers

V‘THE MlCHIGAN FARMER

$5.25@6.Z5; milkers and springers $40
690- '

Veal Calves.

Receipts this week 1109; last week
1234; market steady. Best $10@10.50;
others $7@9.50.

Sheep and Lambs. ‘

Receipts this week 807; last week

362. Market is steady. Best. lambs
$11.65; fair do $10.50@11.25; light to
common lambs 38.506110; yearlings
$10; fair to good sheep $7618.25; culls
and common $5@6.50.

Hogs. .

Receipts this week 10,109; last week
11,111; market 10@15c lower. Pigs $8;
yorkers and mixed $9@9.25.

 

LIVE STOCK NEWS.

 

There has never been a year when
the cattle industry was in better shape
from the feeder’s standpoint than the
present one, and it is no wonder that
there is such a growing desire among
farmers of various states included in
the corn belt to engage in making beef
during the approaching grass season.
Turning backward, it is recalled that a
year ago steers were selling on the
Chicago market for anywhere from
$5.65 to $8.80 per cwt, while five years
ago sales ranged from $5.15 to $7.05.
Quite recently steers have sold for
$7.25 to $10.05 for an extreme range,
with limited receipts, and low-priced
beeves look a long way off. Of course.
everybody knows that the present
scarcity of cattle is the inevitable re-
sult of the wide—spread sacrifice of
short-fed cattle during the winter feed-
ing period, during which good feeding
corn was scarce and unusually dear,
and high prices may be counted upon
for months to come, or until a new
crop of beeves can be produced on
grass and corn. The advanced prices
charged everywhere for beef are cur

tailing its consumption a good deal,1

but other meats are advancing at the
same time, including fresh pork, so
long a comparatively cheap article of
food, so that beef is not so much out
of line with other meats after all.
Cheapening"prices for southern grown
vegetables are causing these to be sub-
stituted in a measure for beef, and
were the receipts of cattle of normal
proportions, it would be utterly impos-
sible to hold values where they are
now. It is natural that at such a time
there should be a good demand for
stockers and feeders, but the limited
offerings of the better class of these
cattle and their comparative dearness
tend to check the shipments to feed-
ing districts. Most stockmen refuse to
buy the numerous inferior little stock-
ers, and the local killers are bidding
up prices for well—bred feeders carry-
ing a moderate amount of flesh. In
doing this, the packers are working
against a future supply of fat cattle.
Recent developments in the. hog
market have demonstrated fully the
firm position of stockmen throughout
the country who are so fortunate as to
be the owners of thrifty, growing

young hogs and pigs; for the decreasg

ing marketings of hogs from all direc—
tions show plainly that, the last crop of
pigs hasbeen largely disposed of al-
ready. Meanwhile there is a. large
demand most of the time from local
packers and eastern shippers, and de-
spite declines in values from time to
time, the market usually recovers. It
is the prevailing impression among
those who are best informed about
such matters that ultimately hogs will
go higher than ever, and it certainly
pays farmers to put plenty of good
corn into thrifty, growing pigs. Rul-
ing hog prices are far higher than in
most, past, years, comparing with $5.40
to $6.80 last December and with $6.25
to $6.75 a year ago.

Early lambing in Idaho is reported
as extremely successful, the practice
having extended widely in regions
where it is practicable. It began
about. the tenth of February, following
a hard winter, with a good deal of
snow, which necessitated abundance
of feed for breeding flocks, as well as
close attention. Losses proved to be
light, and shipments of early lambs are
expected as early as the first half of
June, followed by the greater part of
the early dropped lambs along in the
following month. Of late the markets
have depended largely on northern Col-
orado for supplies of lambs, sheep and
yearlings, with lambs greatly predom-
inating, and by this time the best part
of the Colorado holdings are out of
the way. As many lambs as usual
were wintered in northern Colorado,
nearly as many as a year earlier in the
Arkansas Valley, while there was but
a small number wintered in the San
Luis Valley. During the winter season
Iowa sheepmen were compened to mar-
ket a large share of their lambs pre-
maturely because of the lack of feed,
and these had to be slaughtered, as
quarantines prevented their being sent
into Ohio and Michigan feeding dis-
tricts. A shortage of southern lambs
is expected, and Texas has very few
fat live muttons to, send to market.

W’ON

Willi-EST
AWARD

Pauli " porno Low Corn King

I A 5' if. T Low Cloverleaf

ONCE you have seen both kinds of work you
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between the ordinary Spreader and the modem I H_ C
machine, with its good, wide-spreading devrce. Give
me the up-to-date, time and labor-sawing spreader.”

International Harvester opreaders—Low Corn King and Low
Cloverleaf—are made with wide Spreaders that throw the manure

 

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? Though the are narrow, conveniently handled 5 readers, easy

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Ir . International Harvester Company of America
1 ;, (Incorporated) U S A

E CHICAGO
' Champion Deezing McCormick Milwaukee Osborne Plano

 

 

 

SEED POTATOES

Minnesota Grown Early Ohios 84.00 per 150 pound Sui-1.. (lush will. nrlll‘r. Spring delivery. order now,
E C. BAKER & SONS, Jackson, Mich. ltvl. .Iill'I\r,UII Saving. Hank, l’rmlm-c Reporter (0.. Chicago.

 

‘ll l‘.‘ ll \lll’fi’l'lilt COMMISSION 00., Union Stock

[1 \"nrrls, 'I'ulmln. 0., Sell livt- stock on commission,

. LII-t highs-st [ll‘ll‘t‘\ not] best Illls. Try them. Daily

I I . marker, rim-u of ~ix looks after your interest.

' z “ell l:~k- l -~$|_((,H0(.

High and Rlopelle Sta. Detroit. Mich. Emmi” ‘\ W ”i i} m” | I '
—Wc "ll n. '- i :4 vim e eri hall lo
Commission Merchants FIHMERS .-.l....‘..‘u.1.‘.t-.‘.Ii.'.'.‘: .‘i.’.‘.’...‘. “21.3.... 3m...

. ‘ .. . . . ‘ quotation fury-our runs slnppml dirw-t to Us by t'X-
POUIU‘Yv Ll“) (ll‘ Dressed» “‘955“‘1““g>-(al“"‘- prom, “'rin-n‘l'nr information. It will pa) lou.

Shccpand I‘Iggs. Reference, Peninsular Savings Amulcan Butter & Cheese (10., Demo t. Mich.
Bank, Sullivan Parking (10. Shipments SollClted. _ > . ~ ,
Satisfaction (,illlll'illlil‘t‘d. cu" Beans 551‘; $33.75]"riff-"lfi'i" iiiiilwil‘!’ Elm)?
- sucked, in turn lots, rob, Drimil, I, ‘ I '
Ship. To The Old Re".ble House With corn poor quality and high lll'il'l' you run save
Daniel McCaffrey’s Sons Co., big money by flsjdiugt'ull l)l‘ll.ll\. Post liros.,tl._\i)‘ Juno-
_ 623—625 Wabuh Bldg. Pittsburgh Pa. “on “Gamma-Mich

‘HAY

 

 

 

 

Ship your good quality to us.
Highest Market Prices.
E. L. Richmond Co., Detroit.

MANURE ltt‘lllypay farmer to ball

254 Jefferson Avenue West, Detroit.

 

i Farmers [05990000000621

From Worms and Indigestion

.How Much Du! YOU lose? D 0 Y 0 u
' the live stock losses in the United States last year were about
$100,000,000? The U. S. Department of Agriculture says in one of
its bulletins that probably 9075 of live stocklosscs are caused by
WORMS AND INDIGESTION—both of which can be prevented.

How Much of This 390.000.0130 Loss Did You Suffer?

How much was your feed loss—f’eedin g worms ?

How much was your loss In stock which did not thrive well?

How much was your loss_ m pigs which died from worms and indiges-
tion or the train of lllS which follow;—even contagious disease, of which
these conditions are often forerunners ?

How much was your loss in sheep and lambs, or other stock?
These are the losses which totaled last year $90,000,000. And, re»
member, the chief causes—Worms and Indigestion-can be prevented.

I’ll! Show You How to Prevent
These Losses This Year

I am doing it for thousands of other farmers. I will do it for
you. I’ll prove it before you pay me a cent. I’ll do it with SAL-VET.
“mm W -

  
     
   
    
 
 
 

 

  

(4/ "

  
    
 
  

 

    
   

Prices itaww -- - as

my: l . pac age - - - .

Tb arm Each 200 lb package - . . 13%
- e - - . .

    
    
 

_ — '
Live Stock —-—— “hefllizwm - -
' Extra discount in larger quantities.
No orders filled for less than 4 be. on this offer.
. ya‘ trial Shi ments are used on 1 lb. of
SAL-VET for etc: sheep or hog and 4 lbs. for
ench horse or head of cattle. Dealers sell AL-
&m at above pricelu but in til") far Welt-ml f H:
The medicated salt, farm animals take freely and ° pfifififhu’igégm m "r on “mm ° a"
-

rid themselves of worms. It requires no dosing— I
Costs

 
  
  
 
     
  
  
    

no drenching—no starving. Contains no antimon

only 1-12 ofacentaday for each sheep or ho , a dy 1 1- .
ofacentadayforuchhoraeorh g n ony 3 THE FE“. MFG CD.

of ttl -
it will do before you pay on my 60 days befall oedei.mve What M'goehougH-B- lgAL-ggzmtdniyomm.
“Have found ‘Sal Vet’ a most valuable renu-dy sixty n. I agree 13° W the "658'! .1006“
for stomach worms in sheep. I never used any- ,ffimmhfid flmifhfam and I so rem
thing as good." Willis S.Meade. R. 3.Laneer.Mi(,-h. specifiully in 00‘ days, you are to cancel tho

am Send Haley-Just a. coupon ““8 . we ... ......,

Fillout the ”AB“ and mail to Inc today. I’ll supply
§ou enou h S . .
_ on . frowhtwhmitamveoandfood
mg directions. If SAL-VET fails to do what 1 banana”...
chmJ’llcaneelthochu-uqyonmn'towemeace

SIDNEY II. "IL, Pros. I) P. O.
Thol-‘oll Imam-ass. «Mai... "

M. . a“ no...

I have ................ bog- ...... sheep......horses ......... catch

 

 

 

 

   

 


 

THE MICHIGAN. FARMER‘

 

APRIL 8, 1916.

 

  

winterlessfi

 ‘ 11113?

Last fall I personally escorted

two trainloads of Eastern
farmers on a specia rail and
auto trip. inspecting rst hand

hundreds of California's farms

and orchards.

What they saw and what
they said has been put into a
book — mostly pictures.

You will enjoy reading this
book, which is written by real
farmers for farmers.

- ‘,1%§}'§.1x:'1¢r§~&5:1 1..

It's free —- write for a copy.
The Santa Fe has no land to sell. Ito

mission is to help populate the dis-
tricts along its lines with thrifty
farmers who grow things.

That's why we want you.

That‘s why we help California
advertise herself.

California has no winter. Cattle and
chickens can forage outdoors every
month. The man in overalls can
work outdoors every day. in com-
fort. You and your family will
live longer there than back East, and
make more money. too.

Let me help you plan your trip.

Reduced excursion fares this Sprind

and Summer on the Santa Fe. An

.1le for the book.

0. L. Seagraves, Gen. Col. Agent
A.T.&S.F.R1/.

All the Way 2227 Railway-Exchanaeflhicaao

 

 

  
 
 

5 Kerosene Engine

We dwell particu-
larly onlow fuel cost,
because we have per-
, fected our engine to ‘

, run on coal oil (kerosene), alcohol,
g distillate, etc. 4

3- ESSEMER

 
   
   

Built by the largest makers of two
cycle engines in the world, every en—
gine has a million dollar company back
of it. This is your guarantee that the
Bessemer must give you satisfaction.
Sizes 2 to 10 H. P., and also direct

connected to many kinds of

  
 
 
 
  
  
 
   
 

 

machinery. Get our prices
and terms.
THE BESSEMER GAS

ENGINE CO.
144 Lincoln Ave. GROVE CITY. PA.

Those who need more power should
use the Bessemer Fuel Oil Engine. 15
to 200 H. P. Free catalog ”0" ex-
plains them.

If? ’I'liefin info
The New Parenred Harvey Bolster Springs are
made just like the finest automobile springs. They
absorb allthe bumszars and Jerks of rough. uneven
roads. and change an ordinary wagon into an easy-
riding spring wagon. A set on your wagon will enable
you to get your perishable produce to market %
in tirst class condition always. [Min on Har- ,
'vey's. “your dealer can't supply you write

t us for free catalog and price list.

llamy spring 00.5! 52-1 'llll 8L. helnofllle

..,
=.:-
l I

 

 

   
    
 
   
 
  

  
   
       
   
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
    
 

  

    

KNOW TRACTORS

41 fig Our course fits you at home to choose
the right tractor, to operate and repair.
2—“ Also autos, gas en nee. Knowledge you

    

 
     

 

HE Traverse City potato market;

is a highly efficient institution.

It is partly municipal and partly
private. It is self-regulating and is
performing an economic service at a
low cost. It is both simple and ef-
fective.

The market consists of a set of mu-
nicipally operated scales, at weighmas-
ter, a scale house, the adjoining streets
and from five to ten cash buyers along
with the potato growers within a radi~
us of fifteen miles. The market is
strong, rather because of its potential-
ities than because of its daily activi.
ties. It is a balance wheel which
keeps the whole business of potato
marketing running steadily and as-
sures the grower that, as a rule, he
will get all for his product that can
reasonably be expected.

The scales, scale house and weigh-
master exist because of city ordiance.
The city maintains them. They are
the core of the marketing machinery.
They are for all products sold in bulk
where accurate and “vouched for”
weights are necessary. Hay, straw,
live stock, bones, paper, rubber, salt,
ashes, wood, stone and many other
things are weighed, and receipts issued
therefore. But the commodity that
nearly monopolizes the scales and the
attention of the weighmaster, is the
annual potato crop. A city ordinance
says that the‘buyers of farm produce
must confine their solociting activities
to such portions of the public streets
as are within a block of the market
site. This limiting clause is the secret
of the efficiency of the selling and
buying plan—it raises it to the dignity
of an institution. It creates a market
where the law of supply and demand
has free play. It has all the advan-
tages of a public auction.

Farmers Like the Plan.

The market is in operation every
week day and the farmer needing a
little. cash and having potatoes in his
frost-proof cellar can be accommodat-
ed. He needs but to call the weigh-
niaster on the telephone, learn the
prevailing price and bring to town
enough tubers to realize the amount of
money he needs. If he is a farmer
who has a. reputation for producing a
high grade of potatoes he can easily
close a bargain over the telephone for

 

. .r 1;); and sons used. ’ga ekngency l. Dal-931'
.- theirfiremanrmnggggngg . ,

[easily turned into cash.

his load, and very likely get a cent or
Town five cents more than the quoted
tprice. When he reaches the market
1site with his load, unless he. has pre-
viously closed a deal, he is in a posi-
ition to get all that the produce is
worth, considering the supply and de-
‘;mand in the large consuming centers,
ithe freedom with which perishable
*freight is moving on the railroads, the
probable changes in the weather, and
the needs of the local buyers in the
way of stock to fill pressing orders.

Advancing Markets Cause Excitement.

If the price of potatoes is rising in
the consuming centers, or if there is
any symptom that it is likely to advance
there is a keen rivalry for every load
that arrives at the market, provided,
of course, that the quality is not be-
low the standard. On a rising market
the .differences between the Traverse
City and Chicago or Pittsburg or New
York prices is less than the transpor-
tation costs from Traverse City to
those cities. This is because the buy-
ers are Optimistic and expect that they
will be able to get the potatoes to the
big market at just the right moment to
capture the top-notch price. They are
speculators and enjoy the excitement
found in contemplating the possibili-

 

,ties of making a big “stake." The pro-

ducer gets his pay in a check which is
Whenever

gimmmmmmummnImmmmunmmnununnmmunImImmmumunummImnmnmunuImmmmmmummlmmmmmmmunmmnmuumnnmummumta
e , E
gFarm Commerce;
EllllllllllIIlllIllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll|IHI|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllIllll||ll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||llilllllll||IIIIIIHI||IIHIII]||illII”IlllllllllllillHillIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllflfi

The Traverse City Market

there is a hint of a prospect of better
prices in the outside world the buying
on the Traverse City market is active.
Not infrequently the grower will have
several bids in succession put upon
his load and the price offered him may
be three, five or even eight cents above
the average price for the day.

Are the Buyers Leagued Together?

It is believed by many growers that
the buyers are leagued together to
keep the price down and that each
buyer gets, as his share of the spoils,
a certain number of loads each day.
it is true that at times the market has
an appearance which makes such a
conclusion not unreasonable, and it is
also true that with the least indica-
tion of an advancein price in the
wholesale markets, all understandings,
if there are any, are shattered and the
buyers are as true competitors as can
be found in any market. When prices
are failing the buyers are loath to buy
for fear that they will be caught with
a quantity of stock on hand. The farm-
er who does not examine closely thinks
that he is facing a buying trust. It is
not unlikely that occasionally agree-
ments are reached, but they do not
last long, for the personel of the buy-
ers is constantly changing. One day A
is buying to get a few carloads, anoth-
er day B or C are on the market for
potatoes to fill some orders they have
managed to secure. There are a few

firms who are always in the market for
potatoes and stand ready to pay the
Chicago price less the cost of trans-
portation. But the velvety prices
come from those who are anticipating
big advances and handsome profits.
Handles But a Fraction of the Crop.
From three to four thousand loads
of potaotes are sold each year on this
market. The loads vary in size from
thirty to one hundred bushels, with
the average over fifty. As the annual
potato crop in the territory contingu-
ous to Traverse City is in the neigh~
borhood of a million bushels it will be
seen that only a fraction of the crop is
sold on the Traverse City market.
This fraction, however, is large enough
and the amount of publicity connected
with the sales great enough, to estab-
lish the price for the entire territory.
The potatoes not sold on the public
market are bought. at receiving sta-
tions on the five railroad track-.3 radi-
ating from the city and at the ware-
houses within the corporate limits. Ev-
ery grower, nevertheless, within haul—
ing distance keeps one eye, on the pub-
lic market and insists that he be given
the same deal as those who weigh up-
on the municipal scales. The influence
of the market is even more far-reach-
ing than the hauling distance for sev-
eral of the buyers maintain loading
stations along the' railroads traversing
the region and buy at prices which are
governed by the Traverse City trading.
The truly vital features of the Trav-
erse City potato market are, in brief,
that it is publicly controlled, that it is
a spot cash market, that the bidding
is done in the open, and that the com-
petition is sufficient to maintain the
price at as high a level as a country-
wide demand and supply will warrant.
Gd. Traverse (‘0. R. H. Etnwon'ru.

NH!H}!liii1HHHHHIIHHHHIHillHlIHHHIHH|HIIHIHHHIHEIHHHHIlllllillllllllllllllllllllIIHIHHlHHHIHHHlllIll|llllIlllllliHlllHHIHHHIHHHHIIIllHllFI{ilifiilllmllllHHllllllllllHllN!!!HIlIHIIIHIIHIHHHIHIHIIHill

Reducing Cost of Odd Jobs

consecutive days of labor on
Fred Richard’s farm, as record-
ed by him in his dairy for 1915:
Monday, June 7.

Slightly cloudy but fair. Delivered
milk. John finished fitting the potato
ground with big team. . Albert started
cultivator in field seven, but quit at
3:30 to go to Brandon’s for 25 bushels
of seed potatoes. I set posts for fence
along back pasture.

Tuesday, June 8.

Weather fine. Delivered milk. Took
shovel plow to Granger’s for repairs.
John used team upon return to mark
out potato field and with help of the
Porter boys finished planting by 2:30
o’clock. Drove to M for wire fenc-
ing, salt and repairs for double-row
cultivator. Albert cultivated full day.

Wednesday, June 9.

No change in weather. Delivered
milk. John starts double-row culti-
vator and field seven was finished one
way and started other. Drove “Brin-
dle.” to Merideth’s. Finished pasture
fence.

Fred Richard’s farm consists of 120
acres, all being under cultivation ex-
cept 10-acre lot which is part brush and
is used for pasture. He has two boys,
John who is just past twenty, and A1-
bert who will be eighteen in May. He
uses four horses, one draft team
weighs about 3,200 pounds and the
other adapted to all-round service, tips
the scales at 2,350 pounds. An auto-
mobile has taken the place of the driv-
ing horse.

With these facts in mind let us go
over the items mentioned in the rec-
ord printed above to learn how time
could have been saved by the addition
of a trailer to his equipment.

The milk was delivered at a receiv-
ing station one and one-half miles from
the Richard’s home. It required an
hour to make this delivery with the
horse. Thirty minutes would be a lib-
eral allowance for doing it with the
auto and trailer. Brandon’s farm,
where the seed potatoes were purchas-
ed lies .five and three-quarters miles to
the south. It would have been one-
quarter the trouble to bring these po-
tatoes home in the trailer, and the

HERE are the items covering three

 

team could have been kept busy in the
fields. In the morning before John
went to the potato patch he hitch-
ed to the wagon and drew fence posts
to the pasture lot for the building of
a fence preparatory to turning the
stock in. The trailer could have been
employed for this job also.

On the following day the milk could
have been delivered with the trailer,
the shovel plow taken to Gvranger's
blacksmith shop two miles distant,
while the team remained on the farm,
the potatoes removed from the gran-
ary to the field for planting, and the
trip made to town, six and a quarter
miles away, for the salt, fence and cul-
tivator repairs. The potatoes would
have been planted and the field of
corn cultivated one way by quitting
time if the horses had not been needed
off the farm.

From the record of June 9 the trail-
er would have made another delivery
of milk, could have been used to trans-
port “Brindle,” a thorough-bred Short-
horn, to Meridiih’s three and one-half
miles away, and brought her home
much more quickly and with practical-
ly none of the fatigue resulting front
leading her. Then the wire fencing
brought from town the previous day
could have been readily taken to the
pasture lot without spoiling a. half
hour’s time required from the team.

The farmer always has had a great
deal of his time taken up with miscel—
laneous jobs, and he perhaps always
will, and while the practices of Mr.
Richards for the three days covered
may be criticized by some from the
viewpoint of efficiency, it must be
agreed that these days are typical of
all the active summer days on the av—
erage farm. Accordingly it would ap-
pear that the farmer who can cut down
the cost of doing these odd jobs will
have added to his net profits at the
close of the year.

While it is impossible to determine
just how much the trailer would have
actually saved Mr. Richards during
the three days mentioned, roughly fig-

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

i
i
l

u.» wmoflw

 

APRIL 8. 1916.

tired, it would aggregate. at the low
est, five dollars.

Having perfected the mechanical
features of trailers it is now a matter
for those who have service for them
to discover wherein they can be em-
ployed to advantage, and from the
foregoing it would seem that upon
farms where tho owner possesses an
automobile, the trailer would till a
need and he found a profitable piece of
equipment. to invest. in.

Coo-OPERATION IN MICHIGAN.

it‘ruit growers of tho Shelby district
in Oceana county will try a new deal
this season. Arrangements have been
made to havo the Oceania Canning"
(‘ompany act as agent to lmndle the
cm . and the croreeds of fruit ship-
pet or ‘anned, less it fixed price for
handling, or canning, will be distribut-
ed to the growers pro rata. accordiiii,r
to deliveries made. The Oceana com-
pany is equipped with both cold stor—
age and cunning facilities and has an
experienced selling organization. Willi
a normal year and prices, this deal
will illl'tlth‘. from a. quarter to half a.
million dollars. 'l‘lio company reserves
the right to tako on contracts only up
to what it. lioliovos it. can handle» profit—
ably and to tho advantage of growers.
A joint. shipping and cunning arrange-
ment of this kind is now in Michigan
and its outcome will be watched with
interest.

Cooperation and the marketing-
problem wero the main topics tllst‘iiss-
ed at. a recent. meeting ot’ the (‘tistet'
Fruit Growers' Association held at
Custer, in Mason county. .11. V.’ 'l‘au-
ner, t 0 new county agent, urged the.
i’itl‘llltgfi to club together and buy sup-
plies at; wholesale. lie would always
have them givo the local merchant.
first chance on the sale, and cited tho
case where u Grange, wishing to buy
a car of coal, gave the order to a local
dealer. 'i‘ho dealer liltttlt‘ $10 simply
by ordering the. coal, and the Grange
saved $50. lloth parties Wt'i't' pleased,
the liii'i‘t'liltlii. decltit'iui,r that lit' made
litore clear lil()llt'_v than it" he had sold
the coal out lti. retail. ”1' urged t‘arni-
crs to have more confidence in (‘ilt'li
other. Charles A. liliiehai't adrised
ironclad contracts as a step toward
Htlccesui’ul cooperation. it. II. Els-
worth, of 'i‘i'nyei'se (lily, favored devoi-
(ipiiit-iii ol' t-iiicit-iit-y iii production and
iiiai'kt-tiiti; thitt will inspire confidence
and outdisianco coi‘iipetitioii. He would
oretttt‘: it pool whereby losses sustained
by the association would ho sprend
among all tho incinbern. Mr. Elsworth
beiicvon that. tho county agent can do
much toward establishing standard
grades of fruit, and building up a strong
marketing association.

'l'hirty lending i'tti'iiioi's met at (Titdii‘
inc and formed the Wext‘ord County
(‘tropcrativo Fartimrs' Association,
with otilrtcrs as i‘olioWi-t: President,
H. (3. McNitt; vitztspi't-nitit-iit, Samuel
Shine; not-rotary, A. it}. iraiiitin: treas-
Iii't-i', lt‘t'o-ti Rock. J. N. Mtiilride, of
Marion, tit-minim! in the organization
and ppoke of what similar associations
“l't' doing at. it'rt-inont, 'l‘t-cunist'h, and
H t-whtero, in buying t'arin implements,
t't-i'tiiizom, t'ood in car-lots, and in ship-
ping cattlo, fruit and potatona.

l' ' i?iiiili.‘liiiiiiiitiiili‘fit”32 .‘ .
Crop and Market Notes.
Michigan.

Berrion Co., Mai-cit 27.-—~Snow gone
and roads bad. li‘rost. nearly all out of
”it- ground. that, ryc and moadows
in good condition, except. that thcy are
looking brown from much exposure.
Only a few hogs loft. on t‘t-wi, and no
hitt't'l} and cattle bring i‘t-d. tough
{ct-ti vcry neuron; corn i-ittiu't"! and of
poor quality. Wheat $1; beans 33’
2.50: mitotocn 751:; out.” 45c: bay $14
’17,; cattle. $5.50 6; hog» $808.50: but.-
uvrtnt 37c; inttor 25c; eggs 17c:
chickens-i 120140.

Cau Co., March 25.-——Weathcr is
cold and rain and hoist out of the.

cum). 1 it almost impannablo.

heat 4086 not menu to be hurt much.
No more fee-d on hand than will be
medal for ham» use, and not enough
”in. Corn 660800: oats 40c; rye 90c;

z“""r't'rtnnr ""lt'Wii

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

\yheat $1.02; hogs $0; cattle $5636.50;
lambs $10: butter~fat 32c; dairy butter
25c; eggs ltit‘.

Lapeer Co., March 30.~-Snowdot all
gone. and some ice on fields yet.
Wheat on well drained land is fair;
rye and meadows not very good. Live
stock is in fair condition, and farmers
have a. small surplus of hay. Cream
89c: milk Sc: eggs 17c: potatoes 800;
beans $2.60; hogs $8; rattle $46116.

Mecosta Co., March 25.~-l“ields are
bare aitd roads in bad shape. Wheat,
and rye look i‘air. About enough feed
for home use. Stock in fair condition.
Cream 330; eggs 170: hatter 280: pota-
toes SileSllt‘; ‘attle $6@7; veal 8((rlOc.

Monroe Co., March 24.~—lloads have.
been in fairly good condition. Rye
looks fairly good. while wheat is poor.
Ii‘arniers have enough feed on hand to
see them through. Public sales are
numerous and some farms are chang«
ing hands. Butter-fat 336: milk $1.65;
eggs tile: wheat $1.05: potatoes $1.25:
beans $4: hogs 568.5061‘9: ‘attle $4@7.

Saginaw Co., March 2't'.-—-—V\'ater is
high in the streams. Winter grains
are in fair condition. Farmers have
enough feed for home needs. Eggs
are plentiful. [loads are in bad shape.
llutter-t'at 3:3e: niilk 1.64: eggs 190.;
butter 25c: wheat; $1.03: corn 70c;
oats tile; beans $3.35; hay $14; pota-
toes $1.15.

New Jersey.

Monmouth Co., March 2i.—~Roads
are bad and getting worse. Grass is
looking well. Lite stock farmers have
plenty of feed on hand. ("ream 400:
milk 411w: t‘iz'll‘s title: wheat. $1.20; p0-
iatoes $1.25; rye 00061151.

Pennsylvania.

Lancaster Co., March 25.——Wheat
and meadows are in good'condltion.
Live stock, is looking well, and there is
plenty of feed to finish for the mar-
kets. Milk fie per quart: eggs 200;
wheat. $1.08: potatoes $1.10; cattle
100; hogs $10‘._.('.

Ohio.

Guernsey Co., March 28.-~Warin and
Wet, with roads in bad shape. Wheat
is badly winter-killed. Meadows look
good. Plowing has started. Just about
enough feed to supply t’arm needs.
Milk $1.80 per cwt: butter-fat 320:
eggs 20c: wheat $1.20; potatoes 80c@
$1; cattle 7c: hogs tic. Business is
very good in this section.

Carroll Co., March 27.
behind with their work. Roads are in
bad condition. \Niieat looks good.
There is somec orn to husk yet, and
There is some corn to husk yet, and
stock is looking good, and farmers
have only enough seed to supply their
wunts.

Hancock Co., Mlll‘t'll 25.-~Roads in
bad condition. Wheat, crop is nearly
ruined by frost. and probably 75 per
cent of the acreage will be pIOWed for
spring crops. Stock in normal condi-
tion with enough roughage on hand
for the season. (‘reani 35(‘2 eggs 17c;
wheat $i; potntoes $1; cattle (White:
hogs $8,2Mififltt. Sprint: pig crop is
large.

l“iil‘lll91‘S are

indiana.

Wayne Co., Mai-ch 27.»-—Roads are
almost impassable. Wheat. and mead-
ows am looking poorly. Live stock is
doing well and teed is in ample sup-
ply. Aii nywrakc amount, of maple
sugar was Until“ this spring. Hens are
layini.r well. Eggs 18m butter 250;
buttt-r-i'at Zlf'ic; oats 350; com 650;
hogs $9.50.

Kansas.

Franklin Co., March 24.--Roads are
lino and spring work has begun. Most
of the. oats are sown and a. large
tit-rouge. is given over to this crop.
Witt-tit and meadows are in fair condi-
tion. Partners have a good supply of
i't-t-d, and lin- stock is in fine shape.
Demand from the oil fields is making it
difficult to secure form help. “utter-
t'atIMt‘; eggs ititr; (tattle $8.50; hogs
$8.80; Wilt‘iti 050; potatoes $1.25.

Lincoln Co., March 27.- —lioads are in
fine. condition. Wheat and alfalfa are
promising, although rain is net-(led,
(tutti!- iil't' doing fine, and the farmers
how an itiltltlt‘ supply of feed, with a
littlo for sale. liogs $8.50; cattle $0.50
@10; (‘l'l'lilli fif’m; butter lite; eggs 16c;
wheat 07m: potatoes $1: seed potatoes
$1.50. Quite. a nuinbor of people have
their potatoes “littntt-d.

issouri.

Warren Co., March 26.~—Roads dry.
Wheat. and ryo look poorly, while the,
meadows are in good condition. Live
stock looks woll and i'armors have a
surplus of roughngc. 'i‘iinothy hay $12;
whcnt is bring niarkt-tod freely at
31.02; com 820; eggs 'i7i/2c; hens 12C:
butter-fat 37c; potatoes $1.75: cattle
$8; hogs $10. A large acreage of oats
now being sown.

Vernon Co., March 25.~--Roads are
very muddy. Wheat and meadows do
not look good. Farmers have plenty
of feed. Hay $7.50; corn 65c: wheat
85c: outs 400; tatoes $1.25: hogs
$8.50: cattle 356?: butter 25c; eggs
17c; hens 1452c; duck» 15c.

 

cellent service.

Olds Engines

are of the best materials, the
best workmanship. Note
the Olds mixer; no mov-
ing parts to wear out;
no pump to re-pack;
no plunger to trot out of
order. All e )1 cl us i yo.
patented feature. (lids
engines start ens y
in all kinds of
weather.

unwantnn

Reliance
Engineering
Company

997 N.
Walnut St.
M‘Ilo
Mich.

, Out

Ihi ~lap block

. lot: you lime tie against:

tile—joints not solid—perma-

:mt—'le.iii mortg- oxponod to

. mate—n titer looking

Jill outlide

' LANSING

Vitrlfsiod Tile

.' ilo

donut age—flrr—aeom—win-
ter frost: and lummer heat.
‘ int: coat is only cost. Rein-
orced with twisted nteei-—con-
tinuoul doorway—anally clinihud luddu.
.- \\ rim for mining and low pricu 0113;: on

' our superior “ship-lap" Mock.

J. M. PRESTON COMPANY
': Dent. 309. Lanai-tr. Mich.

‘ " Alla yet offer on ("imam Siltuw Cutter.
and Bully-ll Thrower.

 

 

GUARANTEED Glazed tile or lour

kinds wood stove. Haul
and easily erccl Kala-
mazoo Silos when farm
labor is most plentiful

T S and cheap. Freight
”'E OR TAVE paid to your home

town- Red wood doors, continuous opening
door frame. Tile silos anchored by weight.
Fire and frost rrooi. Superior to cement.
Save money. too, by enriy-in-year shipments
direct from ncnrcst kiln, on iactory to farm
co-opcrution sales plan. Ask for booklet
and details. Silo users make best locnlagcnts.
Write today—Dept. 621.
KALAMAZOO TANK & SILO C0.
KALAMAZOO. MiCH.

 

“tin Friend. Like an ‘tlitis’ Friend”

OR 40 YEARS the Olds engine has stood
by the American farmer because he has
found it simple to handle, economical
to run, always in cod order, giving ex-
hc Olds engine has

not only earned but has strengthened
its reputation for quality and service.

 

 

 

 

' HIPPED ON
APPROVAL

The INDE-
PENDENT SILO is
manufactured of the host
material. Splendid workmanship,
dependable anchoring system and
you can examine your Silo at your
station before you accept; it.
Send for free
catalog.

 

   
 
 
 
      

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

F R E E

CATALOGUE;
[NDEPBNDBNT SlLO CO.

811%an 0350512.?“ fiiimiibiili'lh.

 

For fodder. ensilagc or foul. we

Seed Peas oflcr Admiral Peas at 12.50 bu.

i'.o.b. Michigan shipping potnt. ’I‘hts'varicty grown

{out loot vines and in var?! proltflc. Yields hotter than

Canadian Field Pout. and s more nutritious and sweeter.

K pens. as out» and you will get a wonderful bed

or hon-Kin and cattle. Can be out early for hay "do-

od. 0;?” today. Post Brothers. 983 Junction Ava.
rolt. lch. ,

 

27—507

 
     
 
 
      
 
      
    
     
 
       
         
         
    
 
 
      
 

150,000
Satisfied

  

 

 

Siberian Seed Oats

best yiclders for ten years Ohio Ex-
periment Station. 80c sacks included.

The E. W. Armstrong Co.,
Monroeville, - - Ohio

 

 

 

Onion Sets, Onion Seed

We have red. Iruliow und whitt- sets to oilor, and a.
united quantity 0! line

Red Globe Seed,

together ,wtthalow other Varieties. i' v -
write for prices. I ilitumttd

Schilder Brothers, Chillicothe, O.

 

 

 

 

 

Pedigreed Oats:

Worthy. Alexanderitnd other \‘iu'iotion -
Michigan Agricultural (iollo o, bout; of‘hfilgllri; “a“;
varieties tested. (ii-min in h iehimtn and minim.” 2’
Michigan conditions. lioporusti upon by former r"
follows: “The oats produt'od hit bushels poi-now l, :n;
yield iii township." “ our podim’red llill‘ hm“: H ..
st iii A ran and are Moo-i y ladders " " 't-n. 1"”. [d 3,1".1
than Ill-‘9‘?" ”11101.32" ““W‘l "Wit Wt‘ llii\'t' llilil i’ii lA‘il’l

ears. est ut- t'\'l‘l' grew." lllt‘. \\ i'llt' in Sct'retu
lVliLh. lixperinlcnl Association, l'iil'il Lansing. Alll'Ilv.

W'rlt‘e for Sumplen and Prices 0!

White Bonanza Seed Oat.

One of the best varieties 3r
own i -
Young-Randolph b‘eetl (‘0. Uwoutoyltllilt‘ifi‘lgdn

OAT SEED

’i‘he Great; Dum- (i'trttin's f‘

‘ I, . . , with if ‘li . '
(lltlltlull Pivot-r. \ it‘itiH tin-1100i)“. pt‘!"iit'l‘i:\”l“ rtlu'l'lt‘)‘:
(' map prim-st on best Ht net-d. W. .t Mot-iiatn,Atim-ni Min-h

Seed Oats, (iarttm No, 5, “Ti“, “H,” m,“ “at.”

also ll'tirtliy's. Putt din .'
Freefrtiiiintiittt. Hitllllilt‘ nnii ltl'll‘l'H nil l‘t‘t‘j‘t‘:iln:’y WM.
E. 8. (llltli‘i'l‘lAi'f‘fiEN. comm” Mic"
fileinbor Illieiiignn ltlxperiuiont AfititK'lilthlu. ‘

 

Clean, Guaranteed 251:"; (fiftiwtpp; r tfmttfnut
price. li'roti \uii‘bt, Loniiro, Win, ' ‘ L' m rm tum

Agricultural Lime

Northern Hydrated Linw and i‘uiii-riymi i 11
some, also pulverized burned iiitit', all ninth. iri‘hfii
high Cult'ililtl lllitlthiAfllt‘. t-‘uarnntm-d in im thin
best on the market. ‘i'our inquirios solicited
haiiiplt-s iuriiisiied on request. ’ l I

Northern Lime Co., Potoskoy, Mich.

~—You should at ti '
of ltuumtone“ windmill: 53:3." uy
it. upon the hull; of hulylil. W.
manufacture the Make“ 1'1: pul-

verized II t .
Let. us prove it. Auk for Kgplgifilufinit, l8“.
CAMPIILL STONE 00.. Indian Ilvu. “In.

Pulvozlud It k f “ "
HOIlI. w2t3?31'%w°§nliiis
DIRECT '1‘ YOU and my will
i“? $33M, m" “rt“
. no no you.
LAKE 3110!! IT NE COM .
MUIKGIOII. Mich. and Mon May

that. luck

AGRICULTURAL LIME

 

 

I“ e I ll“ I'M o la (in (in
I ..
" Withdraw mini... .. n

ma.
Grand Rapids.

'0

 


 

u

  

506-26

ii’ét’ii‘ie’hhgf

abaltiiastanfirmetsm
wi rless

an

Last tall I ersonally escorted
two train oads of Eastern
farmers on a special rail and
auto tri . inspecting first hand
hundreci’s of California‘s farms
and orchards.

What they saw and what

they said has been put into a
hoolt — mostly pictures.

a You will enjoy reading this
i j boolt. which is written by real
‘ ‘: farmers for farmers.
13‘ It‘s free '— write for a copy.
' The Santa Fe has no land to sell. Its
{5’ mission is to hel populate the dis-
tricts along its lines with thrifty

farmers who grow things.
That's why we want you.

That‘s why we help California
advertise herself.

California has no winter. Cattle and
chickens can forage outdoors every
month. The man in overalls can
work outdoors every day. in com-
fort. You and your family will
live longer there than back East. and
make more money. too.

Let me help you plan your trip.

educcd excursion fares this Sprin
and Summer on the Santa Fe. An

ask for the book.

C'. L. Scaararcs. Gm. Col. Agent
A. '1'. it" 8.1".h’11.

M l the way £2.97 Railway Ere/range, Chicago

 

 

  

 

   

Idfiifit
> .- run.
COST ‘

   
  

  

: Kerosene Engine

We dwell particu-
larly on low fuel cost, ,
because we have per- '
fected our engine to
run on coal oil (kerosene), alcohol,
distillate, etc.

 

 

Built by the largest makers of two
cycle engines in the world, every en-
gine has a million dollar company back
of it. This is your guarantee that the
Bessemer must give you satisfaction.
Sizes 2 to 10 H. P., and also direct
connected to many kinds of
machinery. Get our prices
and terms.

THE BESSEMER GAS
ENGINE CO.
144 Lincoln Ave. GROVE cm, PA.

Those who need more power should
use the Bessemer Fuel Oil Engine. 15
to 200 H. P. Free catalog “O" we
plains them.

   
 
 
  

 

 
    
 
 

 

THE MICHIGAN F'ARMER

M'W'Wmmmmman
Fa rm

“ re
ill“

ii

1

“I'll“

[F

THE Traverse City potato market
is a highly efficient institution.

it. is partly municipal. and partly
private. It is self—regulating and is
performing an economic service at a
low cost. it is both simple and ef-
fcctive.

The market, consists of a. set of mu-
nicipally operated scales, at weighmas-
fer, a scale house, thc adjoining streets
and from five to ten cash buyers along
with the potato growers within a radi-
us of fifteen miles. The market is
strong, rather because of its potential-
ities than because of its daily activi-
ties. It is a balance wheel which
keeps the. whole businessof potato
marketing running steadily and as
surcs the grower that, as a rule, he
will get all for his product that can
reasonably be expected.

The scales, scale house and weigh-
master exist because of city ordiance.
The city maintains them. They are
the core of the marketing machinery.
They are for all products sold in bulk

where. accurate and “vouched for”
weights are necessary. Hay, straw,

live stock, bones, paper, rubber, salt,
ashes, wood, stone and many other
things are weighed, and receipts issued
therefore. But the commodity that
nearly monopolizes the scales and the
attention of the weighmaster, is the
annual potato crop. A city ordinance
says that the buyers of farm produce
must, confine their solociting activities
to such portions of the public streets
as are. within a block of the market
site. This limiting clause is the secret
of the efficiency of the selling and
buying plan—it raises it to the dignity
of an institution. It creates a market,
where the law of supply and demand
has froo play. It has all the advan-
tages of a public auction.
Farmers Like the Plan.

The market is in Operation every

wcek day and the farmer needing a

 

little cash and having potatocs in his
frost-proof cellar can be accommodate
ed. He needs but to call the weigh-
maslt-r on the telephone, learn the
prevailing price. and bring to town
icnough tubers to realize the amount of
money he needs. If he is a farmer
who has a reputation for producing a
‘high grade of potatoes he can easily
close a bargain over the telephone for

 

 

 
 
   
  
  

 

   

The New Patented Harvey Bolster Springs are
made just like the finest automobile Springs, 1 hey
absorb allthe bumszars and jerks of rough. uneven
roads. and change an ordinary wagon into an easy-
tlding spring wagon. A set on your wagon will enable
you to get your perishable produce to market
in first class condition always. Insist on Har-
vey's. liyour dealer can't supply you write
‘- us ioriree catalog and priccllst.

limo, Spring ca..752-1 1th St. Ilclnsflllt

   
       
 

     
   

 

MW

. by Our course fit- yon at home to choose
the right tractor, to operate and repair.

    
  

5.. and sons need. a e ageneyl.

     

7'

X ”—w Also autos. gas en‘linea' Knowledfie you , _ . . .
" ‘ .—' T “- -°” ‘ducer gets 1118 pay 1n a check which is
- a; he: mammal unassum-‘v- ,
' . tmtmumammmm ,

his load, and very likely get a cent. or
‘ovcn five cents more than the quoted
:pricc. \thn he, reaches the market
,site with his load, unless he has pre-
viously closed a deal, he is in a posi-
Ilion to get all that the produce is
worth, considering the supply and de-
fillillltl in the, large consuming centers,
gthc freedom with which perishable
lfrcight is moving on the railroads, the
gprobable changes in the weather, and
‘thc needs of the local buyers in the
way of stock to fill pressing orders.
Advancing Markets Cause Excitement.
If the price of potatoes is rising in
the consuming centers, or if there is
any symptom that it is likely to advance
there is a. keen rivalry for every load
that arrives at the. market, provided,
of course, that the quality is not be-
low the standard. On a rising market
the .differences between the Traverse
City and Chicago or Pittsburg or New
York prices is less than the transpor-
tation costs from Traverse City to
those cities. This is because the buy-
ers are optimistic and expect that they
will be able to get the potatoes to the

 

’ big market at just the right moment to

capture the top-notch price. They are
speculators and enjoy the excitement
found in contemplating the possibili—
ties of making a big “stake.” The pro-

easily turned into cash. Whenever

 

Commerce.

,' ‘liil‘iiiilililliiiiiinllIllIIiiilillililiililllllliiilllliillllilliIiii"IlllilllllliiiiilllliillllllilllliliilillillllllllfllilllliilliiiililililliililililiiliiiliimliiEHHHiiliii!liiillilliiiiililliliiiimiiiicéilifiiiilllllillililllfllll‘

The Traverse City Market

  

there is a hint, of a prospect of better
prices in the outside world the buying
on the Traverse City market is active.
Not infrequently the grower will have
several bids in succession put upon
his load and the price offered him may
be three, five or even eight cents above
the average price for thc day.

Are the Buyers Leagued Together?

it is believed by many growers that
the buyers are leagued together to
keep the price down and that, each
buyer gets, as his share of the spoils,
a certain number of loads each day.

it is true that at times the market has.

an appearance which makes such a
conclusion not unreasonable, and; it is
also true that with the least indica-
tion of an advance in price in the
wholesale markets, all understandings,
if there are any, are shattered and the
buyers are as true competitors as can
be found in any market. When prices
are failing the buyers are loath to buy
for fear that they will be caught with
a quantity of stock on hand. The farm-
er who does not examine closely thinks
that he is facing a buying trust. It is
not unlikely that occasionally agree-
ments are reached, but they do not,
last long, for the personel of the buy-
ers is constantly changing. One day A
is buying to get a few carloads, anoth—
er day B or C are on the market for
potatoes to fill some orders they have
managed to secure. There are a few

APRIL 8, 1916.

firms who are always in the market for
potatoes and stand ready to pay the
Chicago price less the cost of trans-
portation. But the velvety prices
come from those. who are anticipating
big advances and handsome profits.
Handles But a Fraction of the Crop.
From three to four thousand loads
of potaotes are sold each year on this
market. The loads vary in size from
thirty to one hundred bushels, with
the average over fifty. As the annual
potato crop in the territory contilngu-
ous to Traverse City is in the neigh-
borhood of a million bushels it will be
seen that only a fraction of the crop is
sold on the Traverse City market.
This fraction, howen-r, is large enough
and the amount of publicity connected
with the sales great. enough, to estab-
lish the price for the, entire territory.
The potatoes not sold on the public
market are bought at receiving sta»
tions on the five railroad tracks radi-
ating from the city and at the ware-
houses within the corporate limits. Ev-
ery grower, nevertheless, within haulr
ing distance keeps one eye on the pub-
lic market and insists that he be given
the same deal as those who weigh up—
on the municipal scales. The influence
of the market is even more far-reach-
ing than the hauling distance for sev-
eral of the buyers maintain loading
stations along the' railroads traversing
the region and buy at prices which are
governed by the Traverse City trading.
The truly vital features of the Trav-
erse City potato market are, in brief,
that it is publicly controlled, that it is
a spot cash market, that the bidding
is done in the open, and that the com-
petition is sufficient, to maintain the
price at as high a level as a country-
wide demand and supply will warrant.
Gd. Traverse Co. R. H. Eston'ru.

:3’,"i$511:‘ii,liiliiliiiillii.‘liliiHiiiilllHlillHHHHHHHiiHHHHHHHHHIHIIIilllilllliliiiHHHIHHHPHHI‘HJ!liiillliHillllliiHliiliill“HMlliHlliHlHiHHilHllH?E3H1:’iii!i?iii.‘iiliNH!HHillHii“iiiHilllfillHiHiiiliilllilllllililil

Reducing Cost of Odd Jobs

ERE are the items covering three
consecutive days of labor on
Fred Richard’s farm, as record-
ed by him in his dairy for 1915:
Monday, June 7.

Slightly cloudy but fair. Delivered
milk. John finished fitting the potato
ground with big team. - Albert started
cultivator in field seven, but quit at
3:30 to go to Brandon’s for 25 bushels
of seed potatoes. I set posts for fence
along back pasture.

Tuesday, June 8.

\Veather fine. Delivered milk. Took
shovel plow to Granger’s for repairs.
John used team upon return to mark
out potato field and with help of the
Porter boys finished planting by 2:30
o’clock. Drove to M for wire fenc-
ing, salt and repairs for double-row
cultivator. Albert cultivated full day.

Wednesday, June 9.

No change in weather. Delivered
milk. John starts double-row culti-
vator and field seven was finished one
way and started other. Drove “Brin-
dlc” to Merideth’s. Finished pasture
fence.

Fred Richard’s farm consists of 120
acres, all being under cultivation ex-
cept 10-acre lot which is part brush and
is used for pasture. He has two boys,
John who is just past twenty, and A1-
bert who will be eighteen in May. He
uses four horses, one draft team
weighs about 3,200 pounds and the
other adapted to all-round service, tips
the scales at 2,350 pounds. An auto-
mobile has taken the place of the driv-
ing horse.

With these facts in mind let us go
over the items mentioned in the rec-
ord printed above to learn how time
could have been saved by the addition
of a trailer to his equipment.

The milk was delivered at a receiv-
ing station one and one-half miles from
the Richard’s home. It required an
hour to make this delivery with the
horse. Thirty minutes would be a. lib-
eral allowance for doing it with the
auto and trailer. Brandon’s farm,
where the seed potatoes were purchas-
ed lies .five and three-quarters miles to
the south. It would have been one-
quarter the trouble to bring these po-
tatoes home in the trailer, and the

 

team could have been kept; busy in the
fields. In the morning before John
wont to the potato patch he hitch-
ed to the wagon and drew fence posts
to the pasture lot for the building of
a fence preparatory to turning the
stock in. The trailer could have been
employed for this job also.

On the following day the milk could
have been delivered with the trailer,
the shovel plow taken to Granger’s
blacksmith shop two miles distant,
while the team remained on the farm,
the potatoes removed from the gran-
ary to the field for planting, and the
trip made to town, six and a. quarter
miles away, for the salt, fence and cul-
tivator repairs. The potatoes would
have been planted and the field of
corn cultivated one way by quitting
time if the horses had not been needed
off the farm. .

From the record of June 9 the trail-
er would have made another delivery
of milk, could have been used to trans-
port “Brindle,” a thorough-bred Short-
horn, to Meridith’s three and one-half
miles away, and brought her home
much more quickly and with practical-
ly none of the fatigue resulting from
leading her. Then the wire fencing
brought from town the previous day
could have been readily taken to the
pasture lot without spoiling a half
hour’s time required from the team.

The farmer always has had a great
deal of his time taken up with miscel-
laneous jobs, and he perhaps always
will, and while the practices of Mr.
Richards for the three days covered
may be criticized by some from the
viewpoint of efficiency, it must be
agreed that these days are typical of
all the active summer days on the av-
erage farm. Accordingly it would ap-
pear that the farmer who can cut down
the cost of doing these odd jobs will
have added to his net profits at the
close of the year.

While it is impossible to determine
just how much the trailer would have
actually saVed Mr. Richards during
the three da‘ys’mentioned, roughly fig-

#4

anywnmt i‘mw‘, ‘ W_mmw.fl _ ..

“fie. -mm’. a»: .

». [Masada . ..

 

 

 

 

 


to...» .

M. . DO’JAm- M- ..

 

T

i
l
l

APRIL 8, 1916.

ured, it would aggregate, at the low
est, five dollars.

Having perfected the mechanical
features of trailers it is now a matter
for those who have service for them
to discover wherein they can be em-
ployed to advantage, and from the
foregoing it would seem that upon
farms where the owner possesses an
automobile, the trailer would fill a
need and be found a profitable piece of
equipment to invest in.

CO—OPERATION IN MICHIGAN.

Fruit growers of the Shelby district
in Oceana county will try a new deal
this season. Arrangements have been
made to have the Oceana Canning
Company act as agent to handle the

crop, and the croceeds of fruit ship-
ped or canned, less a fixed price for

handling, or canning, will be distribut-
ed to the growers pro rata, according

to deliveries made. The Oceana com-
pany is equipped with both cold stor-

age and canning facilities and has an
experienced selling organization. With
a normal year and prices, this deal
will involve from a quarter to half a
million dollars. The company reserves
the right to take on contracts only up
to what it believes it can handle profit-
ably and to the advantage of growers.
A joint shipping and canning arrange-
ment of this kind is new in Michigan
and its outcome will be watched with
interest.

Co-Operation and the marketing
problem were the main topics discuss-
ed at a recent meeting of the Custer
Fruit Growers’ Association held at
Custer, in Mason county. R. V.’ Tan-
ner, the new county agent, urged the
farmers to club together and buy sup-
plies at wholesale. He Would always
have them give the local merchant
first chance on the sale, and cited the
case where a Grange, wishing to buy
a car of coal, gave the order to a local
dealer. The dealer made $10 simply
by ordering the coal, and the Grange
saved $50. Both parties were pleased,
the merchant declaring that he made
more clear money than it' he had sold
the coal out at retail. He urged farm-
ers to have more confidence in each
other. Charles A. Rinehart advised
ironclad contracts as a step toward
successful co-operatlon. R. H. Els-
worth, of Traverse City, favored devel-
Opment of efficiency in production and
marketing that will inspire confidence
and outdistance competition. He would
create a pool whereby losses sustained
by the association would be spread
among all the members. Mr. Elsworth
believes that the county agent can do
much toward establishing standard
grades of fruit and building up a strong
marketing association.

Thirty leading farmers met at CadiL
lac and formed the Wexford County
(Yo-operative Farmers' Association,
with officers as follows: President,
H. C. McNitt; vice—president, Samuel
Shine; secretary, A. E. Graham; treas-
urer, Fred Rock. J. N. McBride, of
Burton, assisted in the organization
and spoke of what similar associations
are doing at Fremont, Tecumseh, and
elsewhere, in buying farm implements,
fertilizers, feed in earlots, and in ship.
ping cattle, fruit and potatoes.

IllliffifilllilllIllll|Hill|Illllllllllllllllllllllll!llllElli”!!!llllllllllllllllllllll'77'“ '1'”“”" Willi!!!

Crop and Market N otcs.

Michigan.

Berrien Co., March 27.-—Snow gone.
and roads bad. Frost nearly all out of
the ground. Wheat, rye and meadows
in good condition, except that they are
looking brown from much exposure.
Only a few hogs left on feed, and no
sheep and cattle being fed. Rough
feed very scarce; corn scarce and of
poor quality. Wheat $1; beans $3@
3.50; potatoes 75c; oats 45c: hay $14@
15; cattle $5.50@6; hogs $8608.50; but-

 

ter-fat 37c; butter 250; eggs 17c;
chickens 12@14c.
Cass Co., March 25.—Weather is

cold and. rainy and frost out of the
ground. Roads almost impassable.
Wheat doesnot seem to be hurt much.
No more feed on hand than will be

. needed for home use, and not enough

grain. Corn 65@8Qc; oats 40o; rye 90¢;

I

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

wheat $1.02; hogs $9; cattle $5@6.50;
lambs $10; butter-fat 32C; dairy butter
250; eggs 16c.

Lapeer Co., March 30.——Snow not all
gone, and some ice on fields yet.
Wheat on well drained land is fair;
rye and meadows not very good. Live
stock is in fair condition, and farmers
have a small surplus of hay. Cream
39c; milk 8c; eggs 17c; potatoes 800;
beans $2.60; hogs $8; cattle $4@6.

Mecosta Co., March 25.———Fields are
bare and roads in bad shape. Wheat
and rye look fair. About enough feed
for home use. Stock in fair condition.
Cream 330; eggs 17c; butter 28c; potav
toes 80@830; cattle $6@7; veal 8@100.

Monroe Co., March 24.~—Roads have
been in fairly good condition. Rye
looks fairly good, while wheat: is poor.
Farmers have enough feed on hand to
see them through. Public sales are
numerous and some farms are chang-
ing hands. Butter-fat 33c; milk $1.65;
eggs 19c; wheat $1.05; potatoes $1.25;
beans $4; hogs $8.50@9; cattle $4@7.

Saginaw Co., March 27.—-VVater is
high in the streams. 'Winter grains
are in fair condition. Partners have
enough feed for home needs. Eggs
are plentiful. Roads are in bad shape.
Butter-fat 32c; milk 1.64; eggs 190;
butter 25c; wheat $1.03; corn 700;
oats 400: beans $3.35; hay $14; pota-
toes $1.15.

New Jersey.

Monmouth Co., March 24.—Roads
are bad and getting worse. Grass is
looking well. Live stock farmers have
plenty of feed on hand. Cream 40c;
milk til/£30; eggs 30c; wheat $1.20; p0-
tatoes $1.25; rye 90c@$l.

Pennsylvania.

Lancaster Co., March 25.——~Wheat
and meadows are in good condition.
Live stock is looking well, and there is
plenty of feed to finish for the mar-

kets. Milk 5c per quart; eggs 200;
wheat $1.08: potatoes $1.10; cattle
10c; hogs $10150

Ohio.

Guernsey Co., March 28.——VVarm and
wet, with roads in bad shape. Wheat
is badly winter-killed. Meadows look
good. Plowing has started. Just about
enough feed to supply farm needs.
Milk $1.80 per cwt; butter-fat 320:
eggs 200; wheat $1.20: potatoes 800@
$1; cattle 7c; hogs 8c. Business is
very good in this section.

Carroll Co., March ill—«Farmers are
behind with their work. Roads are in
bad condition. W'heat looks good.
There is somec cm to husk yet, and
There is some corn to husk yet, and
stock is looking good, and farmers
have only enough seed to supply their
wants.

Hancock Co., March 25.~Roads in
bad condition. Wheat crop is nearly
ruined by frost, and probably 75 per
cent of the acreage will be plowed for
spring crops. Stock in normal condi-
tion with enough roughage on hand
for the season. Cream 350: eggs 17c:
wheat $1; potatoes $1: cattle GWSC:
hogs $825,419.30. Spring pig crop is
large.

Indiana.

Wayne Co., March 27.—Roads are
almost impassable. Wheat and mead-
ows are looking poorly. Live stock is
doing well and feed is in ample sup~
ply. An average amount of maple
sugar was made this spring. Hens are
laying well. Eggs 18c: butter 25c;
butter-fat 350; oats 35c; corn 65c;
hogs $9.50.

Kansas.

Franklin Co., March Eli—Roads are
fine and spring work has begun. Most
of the oats are sown and a large
acreage is given over to this crop.
Wheat and meadows are in fair condi-
tion. Farmers have a good supply of
feed, and live stock is in fine shape.
Demand from the oil fields is making it
difficult to secure farm help. Butter-
fat 34c; eggs 16c; cattle $8.50; hogs
$8.80; wheat 05c; potatoes $1.25.

Lincoln Co., March 27.—Roads are in
fine condition. Wheat and alfalfa are
promising, although rain is needed.
Cattle are doing fine, and the farmers
have an ample supply of feed, with a
little for sale. Hogs $8.50; cattle $9.50
@10; cream 330: butter 18c; eggs 160;
wheat 95c; potatoes $1; seed potatoes
$1.50. Quite a number of people have
their potatoes planted.

Missouri.

Warren Co., March 26,—Roads dry.
Wheat and rye look poorly, while the
meadows are in good condition. Live
stock looks well and farmers have a
surplus of roughage. Timothy hay $12;
wheat is being marketed freely at
$1.02; corn 82c; eggs 171/30; hens 12c;
butter-fat 370; potatoes $1.75; cattle
$8; hogs $10. A large acreage of cats
now being sown.

Vernon Co., March 25.—Roads are
very muddy. Wheat and meadows-do
not look good. Farmers have plenty
of feed. Hay $7.50; corn 65c: wheat
850; oats 40c; potatoes $1.25; hogs
$8.50; cattle $5@8; butter 250; eggs
17c; hens 14%(2; ducks 15c. -'

 

 

 

 

  

cellent service.

Olds Engines

are of the best materials, the
best workmanship. Note
the Olds mixer; no mov-
ing parts to wear out;
no pump to re-pack;
no plunger to get out of
order. An e x cl us i ve.

patented feature. ()lds
engines start e a s_y
in all k in d s of

weather.
But our m prlcos

Reliance
Engineering

Lenin.
Mich.

, Our
Ihigflap block
- . lets you brace :19 against
tile—Joints set solid—perma-
nent—less mortar exposed to
3 food inside—a better looking
" wall outmde '

LANSING
Vitrigod Tile

ilo
' , defies age—llmseomu—wim
‘ , tar frost and summer heat.
~ Flt-st coal: is only cost. Rem- ,
, forced With tWIsted steel—con-
_ (Inunul doorway—anally clluibcd ladder.
‘- Write for catalog and low price 09's: on
". our superior “ship-lap“ block.
J. M. PRESTON COMPANY
Dept. 309. Lani-x, Mich.
~' 4150 get afier on Climax Silage Owner.
and mum” Thrasher. .‘
" ' ‘ " I""“.""":'..“.".'"1..»W .. .

:V._.,'._~.. ._

. .1. H ,.A
~.__

 

  

' ' i I ' H
“No Friend Like an lllds Friend
OR 40 YEARS the Olds engine has stood
Fby the American farmer, because he has
found it simple to handle, economical
to run, always in good order, giving ex-
he Olds engine has
not only earned but has strengthened
its reputation for quality and service.

      
      
   

 

  
       

 
 

      
     
      
    
     
         
       
     
      
           
         
 
     
     
     
   
 
     
 
 
    

 

 

Siberian Seed Oats

best yielders for ten years Ohio Ex-

periment Station. 800 sacks included.
The E. W. Armstrong Co.,

Monroeville, - - Ohio

 

 

 

Onion Sets, Onion Seed

 

 
   
    
       
      
   
     
     
  

 

 

GUARANTEED Glazed tile or four

kinds wood stave. Haul
and easily erect Kala-
mazoo Silos when farm
labor is most plentiful

and cheap. Freight
TILE OR STAVE paid to your home

town- Red wood doors, continuous opening
door frame. Tile silos anchored by weight.
Fire and frost rrool. Superior to cement.
Save money, too. by early-in—year shipments
direct from nearest kiln, on factory to farm
co-operation sales plan. Ask for booklet
and details. Silo uscrsmake best local agents.
Write today—Dept. 621,
KALAMAZOO TANK & SILO CO.

We have red, yellow and white sets to offer, and a
limited quantity of line

Red Globe Seed,

nigetlu-rwithalew other varieties. If interested
wruc for prices.

Schilder Brothers, Chillicothe, O.

 

 

 

 

Pedigreed Oats:

Worthy, Alexander-and other varieties .
Mithnan Agricultural College. best of’hglz‘fiidrgds of
varieties tested. (lump in Michigan and adapted to
Michigan conditions. Reported upon by fuI‘UJC‘l‘s' .h
follows: “The outs produced 55 bushels per up“: he‘st
yield lll township." "Your pedigreed with have a lfllLV
5! ill st raw and are good Holders." “ '91-“ far bt'ttrl‘
than ‘55)..‘1’?"(WNW-V", “Host crop we havi- imd in ten
years. es “'0 t‘\‘t‘l‘ grow." l‘ll‘r. “'ri - i ‘ ‘
Mich. Experiment Association, Rust (Lilalsibféifltith‘:

Write for Samples and Prices of

White Bonanza Seed Oats

One of the best varieties grown l
Young-Randolph Seed (to. Owosgo¥§?:¥1‘lghn

OAT SEED

The- Great Dane Garton‘s (‘ ' ' '

.. 0111 Bell . n ‘
Golden Elect-u. \ H‘ltls over 100 bit. [)(‘l‘ ilt‘l‘tfi‘lyl‘lludfg‘:
cheap prices on best of seed. W. J Merrimn,Alnmnt.Mich.

ed (inrlonxo, 5, “Th, (1 ‘ , . ', .'
se oats, also \‘lorlliy‘s. No; diz):iilliiglv:llltli:):1%t
Free from smut. Sample and prices on request ‘ '
E. 8. (. H ltlSTIANSEN. CORAL. M[(:]{_

 

 

 

 

 

KALAMAZOO. MICH.

 

 

‘ HIPPED 0N
APPROVAL

The INDE-

PENDENT SILO is
manufactured of the best
material. Splendid workmanship,
dependable anchoring system and
you can examine your Sllo at your
station before you accept it.

Send for free
catalog.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
   
  
    

FREE
‘ CATALOGUE;
INDEPENDENT Silo Co.

2316 University Ave. St. Paul. Mi n.
811 I. O. O. F. Bldg, Indianapolis, nInd.

For fodder, ensilngc or feed. we

Seed Peas ofler Admiral Peas at 82.50 bu.

1.0. 1’). Michigan shipping point. This1 variety grows

four root vines and is very prolific. Yields better than

Canadian Field Peas. and is more nutritious and sweeter.

it pass. ’i oats and you will get a wonderful food

or homes and cattle. Can be out early for hay it do-

ah' . rder today. Post Brothers.983 Junction Ava.
Detroit, Mich. : .

 

 

Member Michigan Experiment. Association.

Clean, Guaranteed sift-Omar“ I’m-w
1 . a _ 7 . o _ ‘
price. Fred Volglit, Lot-um, Wis L3 “”‘e R” r ”Led

4

Agricultural Lime

Northern Hydrated Linn: and l’ulverizwl Lime-
stone, also pulverized burned lime, all made from
high calcium limestone. Guaranteed to he. the
best. on the market. Your inquiries solicited
Samples furnished on request. I - .

Northern Lime Co., Petoskey, Mich.

—You should gel; the hi it t
of limestone manufnogtifgd.u§3;
it upon the basis of analysis. We
manufacture the highest finds pul.

 

‘ verized limestone sold in
Let. us prove It. Ask for sample and finalists.
CAMPBELL STONE 60.. Indian RIVII’. MIG.

LIME

inn. W
LAKE CHOKE ST NE 00M
Muskegon. Mich" and onton

F (AGPICUbTURAI. LIME ,
“1&6%%¥&%fi%bln§&w “if? onw‘i‘fi;

mo. . ‘
Grand Rapids. Mica; s 501 won Avenue, S.

aPu.lvtizl{,o(lmlli'i!iei rg‘tgvgoggiionr”
01 a. r a or
CT T0 0 0m

 

 


  

 

,503—528

No More White Diarrhoea

"I am sixty-one years of age and have been
raising poultry ever since I was seventeen. I
never had much trouble except with White Diar-
rhoea, and sometimes I have lost my entire in-
cubator hatch with this dread disease. Last
yearl read a lot about Chictone but thought it
would be no more help than some others I had
used. HoweVer, a friend told me what it had
done for her, and that it was a Very effective
remedy. with not a bit of poison in it, so I sent
a dollar money order to The Wight Company for
two 50c boxes. and I want to say the result was
wonderful. I used it about 8 weeks, raised over
600 chicks and never lost one. ldidn’t even
have a droopy one in my flock and I will never
try to raise another hatch of chicks or turkeys
without Chictone. It made my work a pleasure
and I know it was the cause of my good success."
Mrs H. E. Blythe. Unionville, Mo.

Chictone zeta resultel Resolve TODAY that you
will save YOUR chicks from White Diarrhoea. Chic-
tone is guaranteed to save 90%. There are lots of
substitutes, but there’s only one Chietone. Chictone
Is not a poison. Sold in 50c boxes. Delay is danger-
ous. Order today from

'l'llE WIGHT C0., Depl.252, [AMONUOWA
25 Tim es 402,000 a; - _;~»-; ”it;

C ham pro n Get all facts,
proo s, particu-
lars—my low prices—money- .
'2“°a'3§‘at’“é”h’3'i'i° ..
1 . o ere — -
all come with my big illus- B e I l e C ' t Y
trated Free Book“|latchl.n¢ I n C u b a to r5
Fe eta." in colors. Write
me today. Jim Rohan. Pres. in Brandon.
BelleCltylnclIbetor o.. x 14

Egg Incubatori
1&1:in Broader, 5°” I

For
I Ordered Together. ;
. 4 east of Rockies. Hot wa- .
ter -pper tanks. double walls, .»
l dead air space, double glass
~ doors. all set up com lete. or
. tor and Brooder 12.00.
vile describing them. M
or order direct. .

Wisconsin Incubator 60.. Box 106 Racine, Wis-1

——

 

 
  
    
   

   
     
 
   
 
   

       

 

   
 

 

 

 

 

 

L
—

A
'—
-.I
:2
n

.

 

 

‘ Calif. Redwood.
Incubator is cov-
ered With asbestozi and galvanized.
iron: has triple walls, .
copper tank, nursery,

s
can ’tester thermometer, read to
use. sppAvs'TRiAL—iqone bac ir

~Both are made of i i
‘ o

 

    
 

not 0. R. Write for FREE Lata OZNOW.
moncun Incuuron ca.. non.ll7llseiu.Wls.

 

(2)

Tells why chicks di

E. J Reefer, the poultry expert, 4384 Reefer Bldg.
Kzinsus Cilsl, Mo.2 is .ivmg awn free a valuable
book entitle , “White . iarrhoea an How. to Cure it."
This book contains scientific facts on white diarrhoea
and tells how to prepare a simple home solution that cures this
terrible disease over night and actually raises 98 per cent of
every hatch All poultry raisers should certainly write Mr. Reefer
[or one of these valuable FREE books.

B E S PAY BIG PROFITS
Raise flour-own honefy. We start
you rig 1:. Send today orBeeSup-

ply Catalog and
Sample copy of American Bee Journal. F
Oldest Bee paper in America — all
A. G. WOODMAN 00., Deni. 18. Grand Rapids. Mlch.

POULTRY.

 

AliliED PLYMOI'TH ROCK EGGS from full blood
stock, $1.5rlpci'13. anc wou at leading shows for
years. J. A. .llAliNl.'M. l'nion City, Michigan.

YOU ARE FL8£KWG BABY CHICKS.

We give you good quality for your money in both

chicks and hatching eggs from it standard-bred strain

of winter-layers. Winners at Kalamazoo, Battle Creek

and Jackson.‘ S. C. it. I. Reds —llre<l for business and

for beauty. (Si-ml for price list.) Babcock & Son.
. No. 4, Box 180. Battle Creek, Michigan.

' from our own Bred-To-Luy llinglet Bar-
Baby chlllks rod liocks $10] or 100 S. (". “’hito Leghorns
$10 per 100 and b‘. (l. BuifUrpingtons $12 per 100. Hm f'll-
iny Eggs carefully pili‘kl‘(l_$i pcr 100. For furrhcr
lllli’ll‘inlliiinli write for our Chick Folder. RUSSELL
POULTRY RANCH. PETERSBURG. MICH.

BABY CHICKS FROM STANDARD BRED S. C
White and Brown Leghorns. bred to lay large white
eggs. $9.00 per 100;- $85.00 per 1000. Safe arrival
guaranteed. Catniogirec. Wolverine Hatchery, Box
2221, chlnnd, Mich.

Choice Barred Cockcrcls

MICHELSON strain sold.

lllLlCllEST FARM - Kalamazoo, Mich.

' ' ' Barred Plymouth
Cousms llarihern King Siram M... H... w...
runny prizes. Some nice (lockorcls and l’iillets for sale.
Write for prices. David W. Cousins. North port, Mich.

Altlllill) Rocks Parks 200 Egg Strain with records to
290911;.{3 it your “$1.50 per 1:3 Dolivcrcd. liy Parcel
post. Fred Astling. Constantine. Mich.

gARRl-Ill ROCK EGGS 35111.31?‘3hfil‘éifiiffiii?

. C. Coflmsn, R. 3. Benton Harbor, Mich.

BARRED Plymouth Rocks bred to lay and exhibit. liuy y llil‘
eggs from irspiicstud birds. ()ur birds lziyed 50 per cant.
all winter. Eggs $2.00 per 15 froinour hoot. pens. Boswell
Bros. Lincoln Lake I‘miliry l-‘ui-m. Box 74, Ludington, Mich,

A limited amount ofcggx for hatching from vigorous
ck. $1.50 per 15. (i. Gardner, Potcrsbui‘g. Mich.

' ' Silver. “him and
Chairs that Live 315 per 100. pm“... Wm...
dottes. White Leghorn Chicks $12 per 100. Pckin
and Rouen Ducklingu 25 cents cnch. ALDHAM
POULTRY FARM, R. No. 37, Phoenixville, Pa.

RINGLET BARRED ROCKS direct from Thompson s
Ste

' B. P.R. 13 es: s $3.00; Utility
Pill! Pen Brad-lo-Lay sine—13. Pigne Knoll, Box
391, Shelby, Oceana 00.. Mich.

OHN'S Big, beautiful, hen-hatched Barred Rocks. Eggs,
J 30 .2 ; 100. $7.00. Select matings 15, 84; 30. $7.00, all
postpaid. Photos. Circulars. John Northon. Clare. Mich.

CEICKS We ship thousands each season. Ten
9 varieties. Ancona's $11 a. hundred. free
booklet. Freeport Hatchery. Box 12.Freeport.Mich.

HICKS 7c and up. Barred Rock, Wyandottes, Leg-

horns, Minorcas, etc. Safe delivery guaranteed.
Circular tree. Reliable Hatchery, McAlistei-ville, {30): 6 Pa.

 

 

 

THE MICHIGAN‘FAR'MER'
Value of Free Range :for Poultry

S much free range as possible is
undoubtedly the best and cheap
est method ‘of raising poultry on

the farm. Fowls that are closely con-
fined require the finest of balanced ra-
tions to keep them in condition and
the soil in the yard soon becomes con-
taminated even if the flocks are small.
The hen on a free range can consume
coarser feed without becoming devital-
ized and she consumes weed seeds,
bugs, and miscellaneous vegetation
which saves a corresponding amount
of expensive feed.

Fowls that are given the range of
the barnyard are practically on free
range as they usually have access to
the home orchard and the adjacent
fields. However, the birds are very
apt to spend the bulk of their time
around the hen house or in close prox-
imity to their roosting place and the
land around the coop becomes contam-
inated to a certain extent. For a small
flock this is all right and it will be all
the free range that the birds require.
When the flock grows. above 200 hens
they can hardly be said to have a free
range if they roost in one long house
and spend most of their time near it.
Large flocks should be divided and the

farm flock which may consist of 100
hens has practically a free range if
they are housed near the barn and
given the freedom of the farm. In-
crease the flock and keep them all
near the barn and then you can scarce-
ly claim to be giving the birds the
right kind of free range as they will
not range far enough from the hen
house to obtain the right quantity of
bugs and weed seeds. The supply will
be divided up among too many birds
and the share for each will be too
small. Undoubtedly the cheapest way
to raise farm poultry on a large scale
is to give them the largest possible
range by housing the different flocks
at considerable distances apart.

Free Range Means Vigor.

You will note that the best poultry
farms in their advertising make a point
of the fact that they can sell you
young stock that has spent the sum-
mer on a range. That does not mean
that a thousand or more young birds
have been raised in one location with-
out a. fence. It means that the differ-
ent flocks have been distributed over
a fairly large range of territory and
there has been no contaminated soil.
The result is good for the breeder and

 

houses should be located where the
area of the range will be increased by
the existing distances between the
houses. For example, if you have 100
hens ranging in an orchard and there
is a clover field down beyond the or-
chard that should contain another
flock, the birds will do better if the
second hundred are placed in a. house

 

in the clover field. The flock in the
house in the field will confine them-
selves quite closely to the clover field
while the flock in the orchard will not
usually wonder far from the orchard
although they do have access to other
sections of the farm. This is why the
colony house is practical. It distributes
the birds over a wider range of ter-

 

 

 

 

ritor)‘.
The Colony System Best.

The main disadvantage in keeping
apart is the increased labor of caring
for them. It seems to be a general
opinion among poultry breeders that
the long poultry house is a labor saver
while the practice of dividing up the
flock saves the birds and keeps them
in much better condition. The experi-
ence of some breeders secure to prove
conclusively that the increased vigor
in the flock and greater egg produc-
tion will more than equal the extra
expense of caring or the birds when
they are given fr range in the full-
est sense of the word.

The farm hen has proven profitable

 

 

 

 

under a variety of conditions. There
have been Systems tried where hens
have been raised on the apartment
house plan but these have not been of
any value to the farmer. The average

 

1

A Practical Colony House.

his birds. The young stock are "well
grown,” which means strong and heal-
thy, able to produce their kind, and
able to bring a profit to their owner.

The combination of fruit and poul-
try raising is practical because of the
fact that an orchard makes a good
poultry range. The birds gather bugs
that harm the fruit and keep down the
weeds which use up the moisture that
the trees need. On a small scale or-
charding may be carried on without
cultivation if the same land is used as
a poultry range. The large commer-
cial orchard will probably need culti-
vation but small orchards can be used
very successfully as poultry runs.
Plums are excellent to furnish shade
on a. small scale in a small poultry
yard. At the Michigan Agricultural
College I have seen plum trees in the
poultry yards loaded with fruit until
they nearly touched the ground. A
cover crop of rye had been planted un-
der the trees and in the run and the
White Leghorns scratching around the
trees could scarcely be seen because
of the density of the growth in which
they were working. This same idea
could be carried out to advantage on
the farm where there is usually plenty
of room for the flock and such an ar-
rangement gives the birds a desirable
environment in which to grow.

The Best Method for the Farmer.

By starting the poultry plant on a
small scale and discarding the close
yarding system the farmer stands more
show of succeeding with poultry. As
the flock increases the range can be
widened by the addition of more hous-

APRIL .8, 1916.

es and shade can be supplied by the
planting of orchard crepe. If good
clover land is used for the range and
the growing of clover .. is continued,
several clumps of sunfl were planted
around the houses will assist in fur-
nishing shade for the birds. If the
poultry business is only confined to El
small flock as a side line there is no
use worrying about free range. The
hens will have plenty of range around
the farm yard and the out buildings.
However, if the poultry business is
increased, vigor is necessary and close
yarding is conducive to disease and
contaminated soil. If it comes to an
argument, free range vs. close yard-
ing, or long laying houses vs. smaller
houses and several flocks, I believe
that the small house with plenty of
range will bring the greater success to
the average farmer. You cannot make
birds hunt up their range, you must
put them on it. This is true when the
farmer is raising a large flock of birds.
Ingham Co. R. G. KIRBY.

 

TRANSFERRING BEES FROM BOX
HlVES.

Will you kindly tell me as to time
of handling bees? Last July I hived
a swarm of bees in a box hive. They
decided to stay and immediately went
to work laying in supplies and also
sealed the cover down, which was the
only means of getting into the box.
This spring I want to transfer them to
a good hive and went to cut out the
brood chambers and move into regu-
lar brood frames. 1 am planning to
move them this way in order to pre-
vent losing or killing off what they
may have started as I would like to
increase the colony as much as possi-
ble this season. What I want to know
is what time can 1 transfer this col-
ony to a new hive without chilling the
brood by handlingor exposing to the
air enough to change them?

Gt. Traverse Co. W. W. H.

The best time to transfer the bees
from the box—hive to a movable frame
hive is at the beginning of a. honey
flow, so that one has to know his 10-
cality and commence the transferring
about the time the main honey flow
opens up. With you this would be
early in June when the white and al-
sike clovers are coming into full bloom.
There are many methods which you
could follow to transfer your bees but
I am going to give you the most satis-
factory method, one where the bees
transfer themselves.

The Best Method.

When the colony in the box-hive is
fairly strong, usually in fruit bloom
time, you can commence transferring
them from the box-hive. Have a newly
prepared hive-body with frames con-
taining full sheets of foundation and
if possible one frame of drawn comb
with brood in. The box-hive cover is
torn off and then the newly prepared
hive-body placed on top and if these
do not fit, laths must, be used to close
up all entrances so that the bees must
enter the box-hive and can go up into
the movable frame hive from the in-
side. If the colony is strong and the
weather is fine during fruit bloom time
you will find the bees taking posses-
sion of the newly prepared hive in
about a week. With this method of
transferring the aim is to get the
queen laying in the newly-prepared
hive-body so when the bees are work-
ing nicely in this hive-body we remove
it and place between the newly pre-
pared hive-body and the box-hive a
queen excluder. f'Now, leave it for a
week and then if on the second exam-
ination you find eggs present you know
that the queen is above; if after a
careful Search the queen is not seen
and eggs are not found you must re-
move the queen excluder and leave
hive for a few days longer until such
times as the queen works up into the
newly prepared hive-body. When the
queen is above the excluder count
about three weeks from that time and
then place a Porter bee-escape board,
upside down, between the two hives
with the escape so that the bees can
go up into the newly prepared hive-
body but cannot return. At the same

‘3' '9‘»

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manna. ' _

. . Wartime.

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- -——.. ,.~____ 1 _

 

 

 

 


Author“ ' _

. . Wartime.

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APRIL 8.191s, ,

time that the Porter bee-escape is
placed on, the entrance to the box-hive
below should be closed and a wedge
placed between the Porter bee-escape
board and the newly prepared hive-
body so that the bees have an entrance
to the upper hive-body from the out-
side. Be sure that all the exits to the
box-hive are now closed up. It is a
good plan to have an alighting board
reaching from the entrance of the
newly prepared hive to the ground so
that the bees can gain easy access to
this entrance. Two or three days af~
ter the bee-escape board is in position
all the bees Will have transferred
themselves from the box-hive and this
can be removed, and if there is no dis-
ease the combs can be cut out and
fitted into the frames. While the trans-
ferring is being completed, extra sup-
ers can be placed on the first new
hive-body so that the work of the bees
is not retarded in any way and a good
crop of honey can usually be gained.
This method is the most simple and
if the colony is strong it is usually
very successful.
To Make an Increase.

When you have your bees in the
movable frame hive it is an easy mat-
ter to make some increase, and I think
it would be better for you to do this
after the bees are transferred. The
easiest plan for you to follow would
be to purchase two queens and then
about the second week in July take
from your colony eight frames, six
containing brood and two containing
honey. Place eight frames of brood and
honey with all adhering bees, but be
sure to leave the queen in the old col—
ony, in two new hives. Put the two
hives on new stands then introduce a
queen, by the directions given by the
queen breeder, into each hive. It is
a. good plan to be sure that you have
enough young bees with these two
nuclei that you make, so that too many
bees do not return to the old colony
and so allow some of the brood to be-
come chilled. To avoid this it may be
a. good plan to shake the bees off two
or three frames into these two nuclei,
then the old bees will return and suffi~
cient young bees will be left to care
for the brood. Be sure that you do
not shake the queen into the newly
prepared nuclei when you are shaking.
If you have a fall flow these two nu-
clei should build up in good shape and
it would be well to give them a frame
or two of drawn comb and fill the re-
mainder of the hive with frames of
foundation as it is needed. Keep
the entrances to the newly made nu-
clei contracted so that only one or two
bees can fly in and out at a time. This
will avoid chances of robbing. When
the queens are introduced you should
not disturb the nuclei for a week or
ten days. Queens may be purchased
of any queen breeder.

Agri. College. F. E. MILLEN.

 

ADVANCED STAGES OF ROUP.

 

Is there any cure for my chickens?
They commence gaping and then some
kind of wart or sore comes on their
heads. Their eyes are swollen closed
by a big lump or matter formation.
Vl'liat would you advise doing for
them? I feed them corn and wheat in
the morning, a soft mash at noon and
wheat and cats at night. Am not get-
ting any eggs.

Ottawa Co. P. J.

From the description you give of
the disease your hens have, I would
say that they have an advanced case
of roup. The swelling in the eyes iii-
dicates that they have what is called
roup of the eyes.

I doubt whether you can do very
much to clear the birds of this trouble
as it is too far advanced, and would
therefore suggest that you dispose of
all the birds which have the disease
seriously, isolate those which have it
mildly, and then thoroughly clean and
disinfect the coop.

Those which have the disease in a
mild form should be kept in a clean,
dry place, and should be fed a light
ration with plenty of green food. and

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

bran provided. In the drinking water
potassium’ permanganate should be
used in the proportions of two tea-
spoonfuls of a saturated solution to
ten gallons of drinking water. If the
birds do not entirely recover from the
disease, it would be advisable for you
to get rid of them, as they would re-
tain the disease in a chronic form and
at some other time be the source of
infection for whatever healthy stock
you may get.

It you continue feeding the mash, be
sure that it is always fresh, and do
not feed more than what the fowls will
clean up in a short time, for if there
is any left, it will sour and become a
source of trouble for the fowls par-
taking of it.

 

THE SELECTION OF BREEDING
FOWLS.

The secret of successful poultry
raising is to cull. The breeding stock
should undergo a most rigid selection,
not only for type but for constitutional
vigor for unless a bird has a good,
strong constitution it cannot be an
economical producer. Weak chicks
are more liable to disease, they are
not as good egg producers, nor do the
birds grow and fatten as economically.

A good constitution is indicated by
a broad. deep chest, long body, active
disposition. keen bright eye, a broad
head and bright colored comb, glossy
plumage and a very well-curved beak.
Birds which have any tendency toward
the elongated heads, commonly known
as “crow heads," should be eliminated
from the breeding pens. Females that
have heavy abdomens and excessive
fat so that they bag down behind
should be sent to the market for they
are generally poor breeders and al-
ways poor producers. The bird which
is the first off the roost in the morn~
ing and the last to go on to the roost
at night should be used.

Any bird which has been sick at any
time should not be used in the breed-
ing pen. The time to begin to select
breeders for the next season is when
the chicks are hatched. Those birds
which show a tendency towards weak-
ness should be marked at' the time
that this weakness is noticed in order
that they may never find their way in-
to the breeding pens. A system of
marking the birds should be used to
enable the owner to tell the age of his
chickens. This can be done by toe-
marking the chicks with a punch when
hatched; or the mature birds may be
leg-banded in the fall. The fowls for
the breeding pen should be selected
from the one and two-year-old stock in
order to secure the largest and best
eggs for hatching. In fact, experience
shows that in economical egg—produc-
tion few hens over two years old
should ever be retained.

The breeding stock should be sep-
arated from the general flock. It is
an unnecessary expense to breed from
the entire flock because of the extra
male birds which will be necessary. It
is also a poor practice to breed from
the entire flock because some of the
birds do not come up to the keeper’s
ideal of chickens, and for that reason
should not be used. The worst faults
of the usual method of breeding are:
(1) the use of inferior males; (2) the
breeding of immature or poorly devel-
oped stock; (3) the breeding from the
entire flock, poor as well as good; and
(4) the selection of eggs from the gen-
eral egg basket. The farmer should
aim to select a few of the best females
and then mate to them a good, vigor-
ous male. A few hens properly band-
led will produce all of- the eggs neces«
sary for hatching purposes, will elim-
inate the need of using additional
males and will produce much better
progeny.——Mo. Agril. Ex. Station.

 

ready.to use any
a desn‘e to hatch

The incubator is
time, but with hens
cannot be hastened.

Select eggs for hatching uniform in
size. Extremely small eggs or excep-
tionally large eggs should not be used.

 

 

 

 

 

 

$1.00.

 

MON TA .

  

< is.
Your Opportunity State

29—509

 

 

Thirty Million Bushcls

  

Northern
development of farm lands.

Francisco

Treasure-State where eve
Land Commiasuoner. We

Duri

 
  
  

"hm: Mnr “on“ lit-bl”

l

affidavits of ore

use coupon.

 
  

(i loticanlaovml Park

 

Opt- 137
Please send
urine along the Great auburn

-—of grai was produced in Montana along the Great:
ailway in 1915: . _
territory produced only Five Million bushels. . .
Big facts that make you realize that Montana lead: the world in rapid
What is more, Montana leads in qcalzty of
grain produced—was awarded the Grand Prize on Exhibits of Gram over
all the ri a1 nations—~over every other state—exhibiting at the San
lhnama- Pacific Exposition—winning a total of 513 medals.

Learn More About Montana

Th will understand the wonderful tide of immigration_to the Agricultural
en you furrow is a pay streak (-r the profit-seeki
mm 1 ingtan. D. C. refiorts Indore! than ttl th ast Slx years
tand Ind an lands Montana ispose o to se ‘ era in e p .
Gove ill: past fiscal year. over Twenty Three Thousand original and final homestead
filings ave been made in that part of Montana reached by the Great N orthcrn—a record
absolutely unequalled by any state. in the operations of the General Land Oflice.
The homestead lands of agriculturgl 329.1% intMontima are goin fast. but you have re-
m kableo armpit to urchase (166 c an a‘ very ow prices.
olden Morgana couiitrylJ Rich soil. favorable climate. convenient market and good prices
or all you grow. Get the information—then deCide for yourself. Send coupon today for

FREE -— Montana Bulletin

Illustrated and fully descriptive. with experience-letters from settlers—-
yields and information concerning opportunities

offered home-sea ers. Special Low Fares f0: Home-Seekers. Please

General Immigration Agent -- Dept. 187
GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY *

O-l-l-I-I-I- MEMORY JOGGER -I-l-I-l-I-I-
I will send this today to

3.0. LEEDYnG neral Immigration Agent

t In Ballwa St. Paul Minn.
D 2“entertain:eilwoo lets andyf'ull information regarding money-making
lway in Montana.

Address..............................................

 

Six years ago this same

     
 
      
     
   
       
   
  

crop-raiser. U. S.
ine Million acres

  

Ti renty

           
     
   
    
 

ome to the great, new.

    
    
   

 
   
  
   

 
 
 
 

E. C. LEEDY

    
    
 

 
  

St. Paul. Minn.

  

      
     
  

 

 

Money in Eggs

Why Sell Eggs at 15c. when you can keep
them and get 40c. or 50c.? Use Fleming's Eu Pn-
urm. will keep eggs 9 months equal to new
laid c gs. Simple, convenient. certain.Noliquid.
No cod storage. Approved by State Poiiltr
Department. Jars cover 100 (102. Sent post ai
For testimonials and articulars, ad rcss
N. M. GREEN. 4032 Sheridan {1,iail,(thicago.

BIG FOUR P()l'l.’l‘llY JUI'llNAL—thc Practical
Poultry Paper for, Practical Poultry Raisers; only
iaper devoted exclusively to the pouli ry interests of
llluiOl-‘i. Indiana. Michigan and isconsin. It's
YOUR iapori ioushould road it. Bright, Snap )y, Live
SPECIAL OFFER'B mos. ’l‘riiil Subscription 5c. Sen
stamps. Big Four l’oultry Journal, Desk 26, Chicago.

POULTRY.

R. C. Reds S. C. White Le horns,
Bred to by Barron and .Vibcrt sires used? Eggs
testing 90 i so. J. C. Greene, St. Johns. Mich.

E 8 for bombings—From Kore bred White Plymouth

Rooks. Pekin and W ite runnner ducks. White
moan guineaa. H. V. Hostetler. it. 1. St. Johns, Mich.

S. C. W. Leghor ood as offered. 15
EGGS' eggs $1.00. 30.oggs Iélfls. Catalog free.
I. MAYER. Jr.. Merrill. Mich.
£668 for hatching faoii; pure bred White Plymouth

Rocks and b nil Leghorns on l'rcc rung...
Kletzlen 8c Webster, Bath. Mich.

East and Baby thick: twist” it??? 15.1393? 2.21333;
hens 315068.011. O. E. HAWLEY, Ludington, Mich,

Fowler’s Bull Rocks “ it’llfhilltf.“$3333.?

 

 

 

stock, 7to9lhs. uccordin ’ to age $210 55. Eggs Sl.o()for
15. R. B. FOWLE it. artford. Michigan.
' Buff, Barred. Coluinbian. l’ar- '
"‘hhmg tirifige. Sil‘llw llllleVllle Rocks Chicks
e in am out-u uc s. Sheii- '
"Eu: dun Poultry Yards. Sheridan. Mich. Dunkhngs

 

MPROVE your poultry. M y Young's si mi n S. (“Thite
Legliorns great money makers. Strong, vigorous. free-
riuige stock. Baby cliicks$8purlw illlll up. Satisfaction
guaranteed. Free catalogue. \V. Villl Appludoi'u . llUHulHl.Micli.

LEGHonus—W'hite, Brown, Hiifl’._Black. Also Rocks,
Reds, Anconas, l’ekiii Ducks eggs, baby
chicks. Prices reasonable. Circular free. Sunnybrook
Poultry Farms, Hillsdale. Mich. Chas. G. Burroughs,
Mgr. Formerly Foreman University of “'15.. Poultrv Dept

ORPING TONSYevéii’ééiritssiinngl‘éi‘Eil‘lf

Special prices M. E. THOMPSON. Redford, Mich.

' ' ' I W ll t. (1h
Pine Great White Orpin on: smegma... 31‘,
baby chicks. MRS. W LIS ROUGH, Pine Crest
Farm. Royal Oak, Mich.

RHODE ISLAND R808 and PLYMOUTH ROCKS.
Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to use 32 told; ’P. R. hone
weight 5 to 10 lbs. onus 15 for $1.00; 00, ; ‘ .

Mammoth Bronze Toni Turkeys. 8 to 3&1 be. aooordinl
to age 36 to 8?.5, 10 cage 33. A. E. Cramton. Vanni. Mich.

ii. I, Iods, Both Combs. Mal Popular iii??? .‘3
Eg storhatchlngz, Baby Chicks. Write for ca 03
IN ERLAKES ARM. Box 39. Lawrence. Michigan-

lm Bomb Brown legion! I Insult Mil Dual

:1 1- ii .85 wow. iaGeeseZfioe '
emit ”at. up A wins. an ”an. Mich. n"

 

 

IIégosr; AND SINGLE‘Vcoi-vin Rhode~l~s—Iand Beds
33, per 15, $1.50 by parcel §Nfl$2 from special pens.
. uell. Ann

20c each by express ennie Arbor. Mich.
HODE ISLAND WHITES Win at the National Egg
Layln contest. Cold weather don't stop them.
Eggs $1.5 , 2 settings. $2.50. H.H.Jump.Jncksou, Mich.

ROSE Comb Rhode Island lied Eggs. dark colored
matings $1.50 per 15. Utility eggs. la) ing strain
84 per 100. MRS. T. A. ETTER. Richland, Michigan

Strong Day Old thick. 310 Pu 100. ear-es:

Selected hatching eggs, $4.50 per 100 xprepaid. Guar-
Iuteed delivery and ortility. Everfresh Egg arm. Ioniu, Mich.

UFF LEGHORNS ~Oockerels, hens. pens or eggs.
Anything you wish in llufl Leghorns. Great layinl
r in . D . William Smith. Petersburg.Mich.

. —200 Egg Strain—Eggs. chicks, 8-
FUTH: loghorl“ week ~old pullets from hens with
records up 0 264 eggs. Prize winners at largest shows.
Prompt shipment” prices low, (whiny guaranteed.
White Legliorns are best lor eggs. '6 raise thousands.
Free catalo r inlddfl'li‘fi list gives particulars. Write for it now.

FEHMS LE non FARM, 934 Union. Grind Banldl, Mich.
Heavy Winter Layers :"i35.?i?f‘sl‘i' v‘?

Leghorns, Wyckofl strain. Eggs. 81.51» pm 15; $4 per
50; $7 per 1(1). H. A. Mngoon, H. 5. Ann Arbor. Mich.

S O. B. Minorcas Cockerels and Pullets. Eggs, Pope
- strain. P. O. Brod Bows and fall pigs. Big type

\vitliquiility. R. \‘V. Mill—s. Saline. Mich.

S C White Leghorns, vigorous bred to lay stock.
-. - lug s. $3.00 hundred-45¢ for 13, a few day old

chicks. so 0 delivery a nd fertility guaranteed.

M. MALONIM, R. No. 1. Kalamazoo, Micbiubul.

q C. “'HT'J'H LICGHURNS. brml for sizc, shape.
L . vigor, cm; production. ll )i-iirs' cxpcriciicc lll‘l'i‘tl-
ing Lcizhoi‘ns. Haiti-hint: (was $1.30 pcr [00. Baby
Chicks 31“ [HT 100. A. i), llilll'A Ill). 'l‘m-uiii-u-h, Mich.

Ol\l BARRON Strain \t’liiic Leghorns,
T eggs 75c. for 15. 85.00 per 101'). ‘
li‘owlcrvillc. M icli.

Yl’lllCR’S TRAPNEST strain of Single (‘omli \Vhite

. chliorns. Eggs for hatching. 15. 31:50, 53- 1 '
85; 500, 5523. Thus. H. llamas. Ores-ton. Ohio,

and l‘higlisli l’ciicilcii lmlizui linu-

R-COR -l- Red ner Duck Eggs for hatching. Write
for prices. Mrs.‘Fred C. Miller, Sturgis. Mich. ll. 3.

—Have some bcniiti ful

8. 8. HAMBURG BOOKEBEL m... a, 5.. W, ,1 4—,”:

are worth 33:,cannot last long at these prices.
RIVERVIEW FARM, R. 2, Vassar. Michigan.

ILYER W YANDO'I‘TES——Blue ribbon. Sweepsiuke
Winners Cockerols, Pullots. Free muting list. Eggs
$1.25up. Triangle Poultry Yards, J.H.Gettiiiggliillsilula.Mich
SEWER, Golden and White W andottes. Eggs from 6 luni:
and Lansing prize colonies. 3 per 15. $5 per 31». All fdl'lll
flocks. 55] .50 per )5, $2.50-3U. C. W. Browning, Portland. Mich
wl-IITE Wyanilotte Eggs from heavy winter layers,
$2.00 per 15, $3.75 per 30. 88.00 per lot), Sn ierb
stock. Eggaday Poultry. Ranch. Marshall. hitch.

' CockdO krl. E l..2..‘l,
Willi! WHMOHC per 15‘.)o$le§§rafia Sign: ltll. %
D RAY 202 Fores Ave , ’ )Bllillltl. Michigan.

wYANDOTTE SALE. Golden: Silvers. Burl. (fol-
umblan, Silvcrpencilcd. Partridge. Black, White.
Scores 92-95. Exits $2.00 setting. Theron Duryen, lllllsilnle,Mich

WHITE WYANDOTTES. Eggs 81.50 per 15. $2.50
r 30. $7.00 r 100. From choice stock.
A. FEANKLIN MJTH, Ann Arbor. Michigan.

' Toms all sold. Some mated
'hll. Holland Turkeys Turkey Hens for sale at 85.00
each. E s from choice matings, Turke s 50 cents each.

gs, 25 cents each.

goii’eiehiii E85 13 met 00 wmieufiri c
O 0 0‘8““ u - n can u
. 13 ior :1. . Alden Whltoomb. an.» anm,llgfi

Hatching
(, . W. GORDON,

 

          

 


 

 

 

510—30
_BREEDI:‘.RS’ IIIREC'I'0IIY.

Change of Copy or Cancellations inns]: reach us
Ten Days before date of publication.

CATTLE.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS

HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.
TROJAN - ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS only.
Also breeders of Percheron. Hackney and Saddle

Horses.
WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.

ABERDEEN ANGUS

If you are in need of anextra, good bull or a few choice
01mg cows or heifers. we have them for Sale. Our
herd is headed by the Grand Champion Black
Monarch 3rd. We invite you to come to our Farm am:
see them. They are bred right and riced right. U. L.
Clark, Hunters Creek, Mich. .‘i ney Smith, Mgr.
Four young bulls also young

Aberdeen An “S cows and heifers. Extra good.
Priced rasonable. nquire F. J. Wilber. Clio, Mich.

 

 

 

 

. OR SALE-14 Angus bulls-19 months and older. in-
cluding our herd bull. Also a few cows and heifers.
Geo. Hathaway & Son, Ovid, Mich.

_ ' d . h
AYRSHI RES £322 §§$E€uifé§im£fiid TERA-2‘13. “0.1T“;

for sale. White Leghorn cockere s: Dnroc’ Jersey
swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. FlintJiichignn.

VILLAGE FARMS, Incorporated
Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE
BERKSHIRE HOGS

 

MILO l). CAMPBELL FHA-‘5. .l. ANGEVINE

BEACH FARM
GUERNSEYS

We have just completed our annual tubcrculin
test without a singlc reaction.
our many patrons asliiucii as it docs us. We wish
to call the attcutiou of tliosc who cxpcct to buy
iicgisi: rcd Huci‘nscys to thc fact. tliat’l'llc Bi‘l‘tt‘ll
Farm lien! is i‘rcc ll‘Ulll contagious diseases. We
ha x'c for sale licgis‘tcrwl lliill caivcs, on ”1050 we,
will luc picascd to 97ch rlcsci‘iptioiiz< and quote,
priccsby lctlci'. also a. fcw clioicc fcnialcs that
um much rather you would come and see than
try to buy by mail.

CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINF.

Coldwater, Michigan.

 

This will plcasc 1

 
  

THE MICHIGAN F'ARMER

as these. They are mostly young, man
three bulls will be offere .

things, come and see.

Ool. Perry and Mack. Auctioneers.

Also some good farmer’s boars.

Don't stop to write, come and see them.

FOR SALE

'22 head of high grade Holsten heifers two years
old. All bred to registered Holstein bull, and
about half of them will freshen in 60 days.
They are all from good milking strain that wil
tcst up good. Fourteen hundred dollars buys
them all if taken at once.

WM. H. SIXOII, R. F. I]. 8, Mi. Pleasant, Mich.

Herefords—3 Bull Calves
ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW, MICK

Big Holstein Bull ‘2 yr. old. Good breeding.
licg. bulls and heifers 10 mos. old.
Sebewuing. Mich. ‘

For Sale:

Ferd. J. Lange.

' ' All from A. R. O. Dams. Semi—o!-
chmce IIIIISIGIII Bulls. yearly records 720le. butter in Jr.
4yr. old class to over 1000 lbs. in mature class. Breeding:Cross
”King of the l’ontiacs" and the “Deminick blood." Cherry
Creek Stock Farm. Hiliinrrls, Ilich. M. B. Parinelcc, Proprietor.

F s i or to rent after June a 5‘4 brother to a. 3011b.
or a a jr. 4 yr. old Holstein. (i nearest dams all
have records above 20 lb. ‘28 nearest sires and dams
. all liai'c A. if. 0. daughters. .

M. L. ManuIin. Redford, Mich.

Bull Calves and Cows

 

GU ERN s EYS"‘EG‘STE“ED
' BI‘LL (EALVES

Containing blood of world champions.
HICKS‘ GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw, W. 5.. Mich.

- Bull Calves for sale. May
Reguteredécuernsey n... breeding. Address
Clint. Bishop, Watcrvliet, M icll.

V()N1)ALE Guernsey bulls all sold. Sorrylto dis-
appoint. those \i’ishingourstock. Uni) registered
bull calves left. Avondale Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich.

of service 'ge and calves from
Guernsey Buns choice. Adv. reg. brooding.
T. V. HICKS, Route 1, Battle Ceeek, Mich.

Guernsey Roll Call

V C. A. WIGENT,
G u e r n 50 y s
calves. Geo. N. Crawford,

licg, (iiu-i'iisc)‘ bull calvcs. (Innis running

F0" SALE ill a. r.now. (‘hcap now wrl .

t8
JOHN EBELS. HOLLAND, MlCI—I. R. No.10.

Six months old A. R. breeding.
Also it good Collie dog.
Watervliet. Mich.

for sulc from A. R. dams.
1 2-yr.-oi(i biill and 3 bull
Holton. Mich.

'I' Furnici's' Prices Registered lilicrnsey Iiilll calves from
AJR. dams and dams being tested. If Interested write for
photo, breeding and price. Byers 6L Barnes, Coldwater, Mich.

I’LL advertised last chk sold. Bull calves 3 and 4
months old Gr. Sons Pauline Spotswoorl 7-16 lbs.-nt
priccs you can afford to pal). Wc liavc one cow H .\ rs.
old and ollc 10 years doc to freshen in Jill). and Scpt.
for $330. J. M. “‘1 LLIAAIS. North Adams, Mich.

One Exira Fine‘_\Regisiered Guernsey Bull. £3.32;
old. Price $50. E. “’. RIICllS. Caledonia, Mich.

Do You want A Bull?

Ready For Servtce.

From a grand daughter of The King of the
Pontiaeo. Sired by a bull that is more than a half
brother to the Champion Holstein Cow oi’ the
World, and whose dam is a 30 lb. 656 % fat. daughter
of Pontiac Aggie Korudyke who has more 30 lb.
daughters than any other living bull. If you do
write for pedigree.

EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mi‘ch.
S P E C IAL

\\‘«- ..ii‘cr i't II' salo our last two llolstcin llull (lalvcs‘.
(inc born in ili‘lliINT and thc o'fllcr in .Fcbruary.
'i‘llcy arc t‘liiil‘l‘l‘ly brcd. handsoincly inarkcd and
of pci'i'cctxiairj; conformation. Thcy arc priced
Vcl‘y low. Act quick. \l'ritc for particulars.
ESPANORE FARM

LANSING. - MICHIGAN.

CHAS}? S. ”HBORN 10“.. . ,~

ADAM ii. l-‘iznu usth 5 M r“

HATCH HERD

YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN

Registered Holstein-Friesian sires. grandsons of
R

 

World‘s greatest dairy sire, out of choice A. , t),
dams and Kin ' Pontiac Jewel Korndyke: Brother of
K. P. Pontiac .ass 41.1.3; average record of .30 dams in
his pedigree 31.2.") in 7 dais: average per cent of fat
three nearest dams 4.37: of his own dam 4.93. Sires in
first. three generations already have over 600 A. ll. 0.
daughters. A few females bred to “King". Prices
reasonable.

FOR SALE

SOME VERY FINE YOUNG B ..
Whose sires have as high as 31 lbs. of buttgrpbeshind

 

them. As they are youn will ah I '
them BIGELOW’S 3’ Hofs'rrezlan owrpilfieM?
BREEDSVILLE. MICE.

 

OIaSTFINuBuil CalfBBorn Nolv. 8th.
.v us. .we grown. u out even y marked. His dam
and Sire'sdam have A.R.O. records that average Butter
7deys 24.83 lbs. Milk 563 lbs. \V. B. READER. Howell, Mich.

A nice indi- '

l liave Holstein Bulls, that 1 of... m. 5....

l I can show breeding. records, individuality and 9.. rue-
j tive prices. L. 1‘3. (‘().\'.\'i£l.L, li‘ayettc. ()hio.

i“T0 r N orcn” Iiolsieins

lly careful retention. for many years, of largest ' pro-

ducing femalcs. and use of superior sires, a breeding

herd of wonderful quailty has been establishcd. We

are selling young bulls of this“’J. 0P TCH"(1uality.

of serviceable age, at moderate prices. Information,

I pedigrees, etc. on application. MCPHERSON FARMS
00., Howell, Michigan.

FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls

ready for service. a d bull calves. also females.
FREEMAN J. FIS BECK. Howell, Michigan.

. YOUN G registered Holstein cows, fresh. Onca
' _ 20—11). four-ycar-old. Also a 24—lb granddaughter of
Iicngcrvcld Dc Kol. Nice large animals in fine condi-
iioil, good uddcrs. $150 to $250 it sold lll nex few days.
Would make an attractive price for the three. \Vrite
for pcdigrccs if you wish, but better come right out and
get your choice, you will not be disappointed.
Hobart W. Fay, Mason, Mich.

Reg. Holstein FemaleS—Pontiac

Breeding 1 to 5 years. John A. Rinko. Warren, Mich.

 

 

' .' . D r ..' . '
Reg. Holstein UMBER.“ {RS tuli‘érmf‘ifidiii“’“sl‘iél‘i

mnl'kcd and wt-ll grown. 1%. II. (‘ornclL Howell. Mich.
Handsome registered Hol-

Only $40 Delivered: stein bull calf. Sire 25 lb.
butter bull, Dam A. R. O. 17.62 lbs. butter. All papers
Rouzeiuont Farms. Detroit. Mich_

Epsiland Germs,

$7

individuals,

WANTE

Six good. men to buy pure bred HOLSTEIN BULL
(‘Al.\ Lb. Good notes on a year's time accepted in pay-
ment. 0. D. CLARKE, VASSAR. MICH.

Registered Holstein bull 3 months old.

$45 Buys whose 8 nearest dams averaged 25 lbs.
butter 1 days. 3 registered cows and heifer very cheap.
These combine the best blood lines,

J. B. Armitnge, Traverse (‘ity. Mich.

Offer, for quick sale, few choicely
bred Bull (‘alves at $50 and $75.
Ypsilanti, Mich.

BUYS registered liolstein— Frlcsian bulls.
rcady for service. Best of breeding and good
B. B. REAVEY. Akron. Mich.

 

My entire herd of high grade Holstein
For: sale (tows and Heifers. Also one Reg. :l-yr. old
Percheron stud colt or will trade for ltcg. Holstein
cows. Arthur N. Birkholz. Ncw Buffalo, Mich.

Something ChOICC 'Six exceptionally line

Holstein rude heifers
by251b. A. R. (1‘. biiitcr bull, out of heiivy milking
cows. ‘(Jalves are bcauticsh'h’ white. Splendid size and
condition
ROUGEMONT FARMS. Michigan
illie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.
.of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred
heifers for sale. Colon O. Lillie, Ooopersville, Mich.

Grade Jersey Herd For Sale

Detroit.

 

 

FORTY COWS
The result of twenty years careful hreedin and
selection. are now oil'crcd for sale. Individualg milk

records have always bccn kept and are open for in-
spection. . if intercsted write for inrticulars and if
lossible Visit and examine the herd and their record.

elivery Will be made at anytime desired during the
sprln or early summer. A few registered Jerseys also
for as 9. Address Geo. A. True, Armada. Mich.

f h ' .
Jersey Bulls for 8an entrainment"?““1

semi-oificial test. 0. B. Wehner. R. 6. Alleganffiigg

BE WIED‘WOOD Jersey Herd. Registered J eree

.Cattle of Quality. Forty head Tnberculin tested
Majesty s Wonder 90717 heads the herd. His daughters
are producing from 400 to 500lbs. butter in one year as
two .vearoldheifers. and are bred to Majesty‘s Oxford
P ox 134214 aclassy Grandson of Oxford Majesty which

 

 

 

I combines type and production. Alvin Balden,Capac,Hich.

Howell Consignment Sale Co.l

Sixth Annual Sale oi

100 Registered Holstein Friesians 100

IT HOWELL, LIVINGSTON OOIIIITY, MIOIIIOAII, OII
IN OUR BIG SALE PAVILION
This will be a choice lot of cattle representing the best lines of breeding. Our
herd sires are strongly bred in the 30-lb. class, most of them are from dams, and'
sire’s dams averaging over 30 lbs. Our stock is mostly from, or bred to such sires
A. R. O. cows and heifers. Only two or
A fine hei er calf from King Segis Champion Mobel
the 40-lb. bull will be sold in this sale, space will not permit to tell of the good
Thanking our many customers for their liberal patronage
we wish to welcome you back on above date with many new ones.

Catalogs April 10th

Duroc Jersey Herd Boars-

Special Offering of High Class Full Boar Pigs.
enough for breeders who appreciate the best.

This is the best 101: of fall pigs we have ever had to offer. A cor-
dial invitation is extended to visit the farm and inspect the stock.
young J erscy bulls in Michigan we have him for sale. For further particulars, address,

Brookwater Farm, Swine Dept., Ann Arbor, Mich.

5 HANDSRME HRLSTEIN BULLS, READY FOR SERVIRE

All world record breeding. Barns full. so will reduce price on each 251 over fall prices, for 30 days
LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Kalamazoo Co,. Mich.

 

i

 

APRIL 26, I9I6

 

i

APRIL 3, 1916.

g
é (
er» ~ ,_

I have started thousands of breeders on the road
to success. I have every large and fine herd. Ev-
ery one an early developer. ready for market at. six
months old. I went. to place one hog in each com-
munity to advertise my herd.

o. s. BENJAMIN R. No. 10. Portland, Mlohlm

   
 

 

        
   

 

lMliK B. OllitOY, Secretary.

Breeding and Individuality good

If you wish one of the best

 

The All-Around

is the farmer’scow. She'shis
Jersey friend and pride—the beauti-
ful,gentle,ever-paying milk machine thatlifts
the mortgage, builds up the fertility of the
farm,and puts the whole business on a sound,
paying, permanent basis. She ada ts herself
to all climates and all feeds all does not
need fancy care. She matures early and
lives long. And she’s so sleek, clean cut and

handsome, as to be the family pet and
pride. SheproduceSWell

and sells well. Learn

about her in our fine, free

book,“About Jersey Cat-

tle." Write [or it 71020.

THE AMERICAN JERSEY
CATTLE CLUB

846 Wut23dSI..N.Y.City

 

 

 

 

 

APLE Lane R. of M. Jersey Herd. Tuberculin tested
by the U. S. Government. For sale bulls. cows,
bull calves and hclfer calves. Thelowest record of any
mature cow of this strain is 558 lbs. of 85% butter.
IRVIN FOX. Allegnn. Michigan.

' ' A 10 mos. old. solid color bull now
HIIISIde Farm IUISGYS offered for sale. Dam is n R. 0f M.
cow with rem rd of 546 lbs. of b liter as a 3 yr. old. He is a
fine individual Price right. C. AH). Desire, Ypsilanti, Mich.

tested Jersey Cows for
salc. Also. young females
Reese. Michigan.

23 Registered Tuberculin

HERMAN HARRIS.

FOR SALE JERSEY BULL OALF

dropped Dec. lst 1915. Solid color golden fawn. Fine
individual, grand dams of both sire and dam are R. M.

cows. Will sell cheap.
Marleite. Mlch., ll. 1.

 

 

 

SWIGARTDALE FARM

BREEDERS 0F
HOLSTEINS AND BERKSHIRES

Stock for sale at all times. Berkshires of unsurpmed
quality and breeding, at reasonable prices. A choice
bull calf. nicely marked, five months old, sire’ednm
with record of over 27 pounds. Dam of call a grand
daughter of Hengcrveld De K01, Price $50.00.

Swigartdale Farm, Peiersburg, Mich.
Chester Whites 9”“ “sand Fanmgs tor-sale
F

also 9 months Holstein Bull.

. W. Alexander. Vassar. Michigan.

' ' Young sows bred, young
capIIOI HOI'II IIJ. SWING. b03111. pigs bOIlJ sex, Ex.
press prepaid J. H. BANGBART, Lansing, Mich

' Long type prolific kind. Orders
chad" While“ booked for spring pigs. Write our
wants. Meadow View Stock Farm, R. 5. Holland, Ii ich.

UROC JERSEYS. We still have for sale six
D choice young boars and fourteen choice young sows
due to furrow last of Ap ril and early May. bred toMichi-
gan Masterpiece, No. 52835. Orion (.‘hief Perfection
No. 68945 and Jenning’s l‘ilot Wonder. No. 73373.
Prices very reasonable. Semi for copy of pedigree.
THE JENNING'S FARMS, R. F. D. l, Bailey, Mich.

OUROO JERSEY ROAR

 

a choice lot of spring boars.
Fall pifiupaire and tries

 

not, akin. W. C. TAYLOR. an. Michigan.

—Fall and spring pigs either sex. from
liuroc Jerseys Adam... is. .snnmm.
CHERRY LAWN FARM. bhepherd. Michialn,

 

DUROC JERSE A228§.3”i‘§”ni‘.’fdn§ 51.33363?

No. 72975. Inspection invite d. E. D. ilcydenherk,“’aylnnd.Mich.

<2- .. 1‘ _
UROC JERSEYS—Jinn boars of the large heavy
boned type. Sired by Champion winners. Open
gilts ready for breeding. Hull-itch] bull calf, a fine individual.
3 months old, nicely marked. F. .i Drodt, Monroe, R. ]. Mich.

n Jerseys for sale— ~21 few choice fall pigs of either
"I00 sex. Fancy Buff Rock cockerels. JOHN
McNICOLL. Station A. Route 4, Bay City, Mich.

 

—Se t. pigs either sex dz Holstein bull
IIIIIOG JO"?! calvesdzZ Registered Holstein cows.
E. H. MOR IS, MONROE, MICH.
ilts, also two fall
ordnrs i'ors iring

Mich.

Two good fall
Duroc Jerseys boars. Will boo
pigs. Wm.W. Kennedy. it. ‘3, Grass Lake,

DUROG JERSEYS—3.1.5993. 17.2%?

Carey U. Edmonds, Hastings, Michigan.

-—A fine bunch of Bred sows
"Ca" BOIIOII Dunes and fall pigs For Sale.
M. A. BRAY. OKEMOS. (Inghnm Co..l Mich.

Six June Gilts bred for June
liiiroc Jerseys furrow. pd... $25.00. Weight
160 lbs, to 180 lbs.

H. G. Keesler. R. No. 5. Casa-
opolls. Michigan.

 

 

NEWMAN’S STOCK FARM,
3-year registered Jersey bull. pam's record

For sale 10400 lb. milk in year, over . lbs. a day,
476 lbs. fat. in year. Grand dam half sister to Lurcttn
D, Champion at St. Louis. E.R.Fitch. Watervliet, Mich.

' . ; any n ' s , ,-
Registered ”I“ lLLS ”“1 H‘vlferfi. Duroc
N0

Jersey Boats and bred sows or sale.
TEN FARM, Grass Lake. Mic .

' BIDWELL snoumonns

  

For “Beef and Milk"
Registered b ul 1 s.
Scotch - topped roans,
rcdsandw ite for sale.
Farm at N.Y.C. Depot;
also 1). ’1‘. & I. R'y.

Iddrnss il.l.8clmdu Mgr.
BIDWELI. STOCK FARM
Box B. Tecumseh. Mich.

 
  

 

3.x

Albion Stamp 352670

Shorthorn Cattle of both Sex for Sale

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

Two Shorihorn

S. G. BELCHER.

AIIIY Bred Shortliorns of bcst Bates strains. No
I) more females for sale at any price. . .
1 Mason, Michigan.

 

 

Ilulis old cnough l'orservicc. Golden
\Vi'nnrlottc (‘ockcrcls (‘ollic puppies
R. No. 5, Hudson. Michigan.

J. l. Hummel.

()li Sale —12 ch. Short Horn Bulls by Maanlton
Monarch 2nd,a son of Avondnle, from?) to 0 nlos.old
John Schmidt, Reed City. R. No. 5 . Michigan

Five bull

Five cows, Ten heifers.
for sale.

Shorlhorn caIIIO- calves; also herd bull
Write. Wm.J. Bell, Rose City. Mich.

Shorthorn Cows and Bulls For Sale

n, ii. Station. Elsie. H. B. PETERS. Garland. Mich,

I) irhanis for S'ilc. 1'2 young ('OPVS imdvllf’ifcl's
POIIBII biicd. 18 mo tofi‘ycars. Prices right. Vi mm for
them. L. C. KELLV. Plymouth. Michigan

.oads feeders and two load yearling steers. Also

 

91 l ' ' ‘ 3 11 f
.‘ on any number 1, 2 and years or rom
568%?33223‘6 ills. Isaac Shanstum, Fairfleld. Iowa. R—s

HOGS.
Royaiion Bred Berkshires—Fine 06m" pig“ W"

sexes. sired by lioyalton
Emperor, registered with papers
to

at fair prices. Write
D. F. Valentine. Supt... Temperance. Michigan.

fbest- breedingof various nges,either

Bel‘IISIIII‘eS‘Aex, Elli] lit-gistered sttock. kno akin,
’ ..d rice. ’ri 8 your wan s quic ,

iiifc‘iilaliis? igl‘liGBpide Farms. n.2, Bloomingdale, Mich.

ERKSHTRES. Bred gilts and sows due to farrow'
Bin April and May. Priced to move quick as crowded

or room. Chase's Stock Farm. Mariette, Michigan R.]_
' Ihave one nice fall Gilt to go at once

Berkshires not bred. and 2sows bred to {arrow in

April and May. A. A. Pattuilo. Deckerville, Mich.

' Sows bred to farrow in April. Best,
BOIMSIIII'O "DES-or breeding. Maple Place Farms
0. S. BARTLETT, Propr. Pontiac, Michigan

- Excellent boars ready for service.
BerICShll'es Satisfaction Guaranteed. ,
W. H. EVERY, Manchester, Mich,

 

 

  
   
 

      
    
  

      
     
   

name All . Boars 8* “baa‘gl‘iii’é‘éi‘n. 1”“
E. J. Aldrich. ekonsha. Mien. R. No. 1. ell Phone-
3 ii
iii igisioia I. .0. Sun :u
m lock For Sale-- Ii Ago oi
raisin, Victim tiny. um. II
III , «x ‘ I
m I
E I i
I

  

Brights Ide‘ Firm .

Grand Ledge, Mich.
0. I. II. BREII GILTS, £A?§..i‘6‘.“5. B?”

J .CARL JEWETT, Mason, Mich.
O I C SPRING BOARB of cod type ‘and
e 0 ' Red Polied bul calves.
John Homer and Son. Grand Ledge. Mich.
o I choice serviceable boars; bred gilts forAprii and
I '

-Z\iay furrow; Fall pigs not akin. Write for low
prices and photo. A. V. Hatt. Grass Luke. Mich

 

 

(‘3 " “’C_oct,uhnr boars weighing 2d) lbs. at; 23
o - 0 Hitch for,April shipment.
C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michizan.
The home of the bi.

Way Brothers Stock Farm. ..onedmnng. 8......
for sale. Registered free. J. R. Way. Thi'ceRiVers, Mich.

O. i. O. Roars for service. 0"“ bred WM” “1“

June farrow. I prepay
express. G. P. ANDREWS, Dansville, Mich!
0. I. C.

no akin. H. 0 Ian.

IG TYPE 0. I. (..‘.'s. and Chester Whites. Special
prices on all boars and fall pigs either sex. These
arc sired by Abo 2nd, this boar sired our unbeaten

 

Servicezible boars, gilts bred for June
furrow. Booking orders for Spring pigs,
w. MANN. Dansville. Mi hi

, breeders young herd at every state fair we showed this

ycar, other sires are Wonder Boy, White Hall and Allen,
this boar was junior champion at. Wis. State Fair last
year. Now Mr. Buyer our pigs are all sired from
champions. our price is no higher than other breeders
and the. Express Co. charges just the same for a poor
pig as it does for a good the. Get our catalog and see
where the good ones are. We are booking for Spring
pigs sired by Sch oolmaster, the highest priced boar of
thebrecd and the times .G.Cl'iaillpl0n. We Reg. Free and ship
‘ 0 Rolling View Stock Farms, Cass City. Mich.
. Iambooking orders forS rin i
O.I.C. SWIIIC- One yr, 0 d Holstein buil toiling:
Elmer E. Smith, Redford, Mich.

 

 

o I c bred gilts all sold, am offering Sept. hours

a . u and gilts, large growthy ones, and booking
orders for spring pigs. A. . Barker, R. 1. Belmont, Mich
o I c’s 20 bred sows for sale. R last April gilts averaged 270

. - v]bs.Jan.lO.lO]6. They are a very growtliy lot. Have
somehiny gills and last fall yearlings,alno a few service hour-
and plenty of last [all pigs. Otto, B. Schulze. Nashville, Mich.

0. I. C. September plus, 2.9% gifted?“
E. B. MILETT, ~ Fowlerville, Michigan.
0. I. C. Choice Boers ’i$“§.§?§.fi§¥i°fégli
terfees. JULIAN P. CLAXT N, R. 8. Flint, Mich.
Breeders’ Directory—Continued on page 511.

 

 

was.-. .w‘uwmum. vmhmumn»

.._“-..

 

“I has. $"" I

41?.

“fi* nc-v'
«K

v» u... ..n

 


   

 

~u‘-n:"' ‘

o. u... ev—r .

 

  

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

APRIL 8. 1916.

If:

é’l’lllllllllllllIlllllIlllIllllllIIlllIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllll '-

Veterinary. ~

fillIllulIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIWIllllllllmllllllllfi
CONDUCTED BY W. c. FAIR. v. s.

llllllllllfllllllllllllllll

 

Bots—Some time ago one of my
horses died and when opened I found
a few bots in his stomach, and as I
have another horse I thought perhaps
he shduld be given some medicme. J.
K, Grawn, Mich—Mix together one
part powdered sulphate iron, one part
ground nux vomica, one part.salt_and
three parts ground gentian; give him a
dessertspoonful at a dose in feed two
or three times a day. Bots. seldom
cause the death of a horse.

Chronic Sore N eck.-—-My five year-old
horse has been troubled with a sore
neck for quite a long time and when
worked these scabs on the neck seem
to thicken, causing the horse conSIder-
able pain. R. E., Stanton, Mich—Ap-
ply one\part iodine and seven parts
vaseline to hard scabs and sore daily.

Hard Milker.-——We have a heifer
which has just come fresh that is a
hard milker, the teat canal seems to
close in a few hours after milking.
How can this channel be enlarged?
G. P., Orion, Mich—A teat expander
on the principal of a glove stretcher
is the sort of an instrument required
to expand the teat canal of a cow; or
a tapering dull pointed highly polished
piece of steel or rubber can be used.
In doing this work extreme force must
be avoided. _ .

W. J. 0., Grand Rapids, MlCh.—-Dls-
continue feeding cow milk-producing
food and she will soon go dry.

Insane Poultry—I would like to
know the cause of our hens eating
each other. They first begin by pick-
ing at the head, then dive for any
patch, not covered with feathers. I
killed two which acted perfectly crazy.
These fowls would pick large holes 1n
a bird then they soon bleed to death.
Have been feeding corn, wheat, oats,
wheat bran, grit and oyster shell, also
a few apples and for the past three
weeks some meat scraps. These birds
were fat and have been kept in a coop
most of the time. S. A. G., Delton,
Mich—If you have any more such
cases, shut the fowls up in a cage and
give one grain doses of bromide potas-
sium four times a day and less nutri-
tious food. Furthermore, it is always
good practice to give a full dose of
castor oil or epsom salts.

Sore Eyes—My turkeys have been
troubled with sore eyes and some of
them have lost the sight of an eye.
D. E. F., Hillman, Mich—Apply light
applications of calomel or iodoform to
the badly affected eyes every day or
two, and the eye wash you have been
applying to their eyes before they lose
vision.

Wart on Teat.—Can you tell me how
to take a wart off a cow’s teat without
hurting her? F. N., Hastings, Mich.—
Either clip or cut it off and apply tinc-
ture of iodine or tincture chloride of
iron every day or two. Or, if you will
apply vinegar to wart it will take it off.

Heifer Fails to Come in Heat.~—~I
have a grade Jersey heifer past two
years old that has never yet come, in
heat; however, she appears to be in
perfect health. A. L 3., Fremont,
Mich—Give your heifer 1 dr. ground
nux vomica, 1 dr. ground capsicum and
2 drs. of ground ginger at a dose in
feed two or three times a. day. A forc-
ed service might have a good effect;
however, if she is a twin calf and has
a male brother she will not breed.

Brain Tumor.——I have had two lit—
ters of pigs from my sow and two or
three of each litter have been troubled
with a sort of tumor on their head and
when they get to be about three or
four months old, they have fits and
die. When the head is opened I find
this bunch under the skull and it is
about‘the size of a nickel. What can
be done for a case of this kind? F.
13.. Bad Axe, Mich—In my practice I
never hesitate to perform a surgical
operation on these kind of cases and
it cons1sts in making a circular incis-
ion through the skin and muscles,
turning 1-113 a flap of the soft tissues,
then Wlthfil. small trephine, saw out a
Cl'DClflaI piece of bone, and in this way
you tap the abscess or remove the tu-
mor, but before the wound is made,
the bristles should be shaved off, the
skinmamted with tincture iodine, and
.septlc‘ measures used when "
This is work for a veterinarian, be-
cause It will not do to allow dirt or in-
fection 0f any kind to enter cranium.

Nodul-ar Disease—My sheep appear
to be $091!: flesh. act rather mm,
butthen'appetsteisgood. Ma
week am thee finnenss appears they
appear to show weakness, especially
in the knees are inclined to me-
mainqufibeapetflonotthet‘
and after a certain number of days
they refuse to eat and some of them
die. When dead the wool plucks off
easily: they have no cough or dis-
charge from nostrils, but their breath

\ .

has an offensive odor. R. J. P., Wayne
00., Mich.——I am inclined to believe
that your sheep suffer from a parasitic
bowel ailment called nodular disease
which is a. very.common ailment in
sheep, but in many cases not extensive
enough to produce fatal results. When
in the advanced stages medical reme-
dies fail to produce permanent results.
Mix together one part dried powdered
sulphate iron, one part salt, one part
fenugreek and seven parts of ground
gentian and give each sheep a tea-
spoon ful at a dose three times a day.
Also give your well sheep onethird of
a teaspoonful mixed with feed once or
twice a day. It is considered good
practice to give a teaspoonful of gas-
oline in two or three ounces of milk
twice a week for two or three weeks;
or three or four ounces of a one per
cent solution of coal tar creosote, one
part to 100 parts water and 3 ozs. is
plenty for the ordinary sized sheep,
one dose a week for three weeks.
Breeding Question—I have a five-
year-old Percheron stallion, weight
1,700 pounds, that has never done big
seasons, and I would like to know if
you believe it good judgment to breed
him to two mares a day during the
season, but only when it is necessary.

.This horse works some in a team when

we are busy. R. W. R., Rose City,
Mich.———I do not believe it wise to al-
low a horse of this kind to serve more
than one mare daily, unless it is an
exceptional case, then it will not harm
him to serve two. Furthermore, he is
better to be doing light work, than
standing without exercise.

Indigestion—My 11-year-old brood
mare which is in foal, seems to be
growing thinner no matter how much
I feed her; besides, she is very dull.
I might add that she was brought from
Iowa about 11 months ago. C. A. P.,
Binderville, Mich—Perhaps her teeth
require floating: besides, her food sup-
ply should be increased. Mix together
equal parts bicarbonate soda, powder-
ed charcoal and gentian and give her
a tablespoonful at a dose in feed twice
a day.

Scar Tissue Under Fetlock.——I pur-
chased a mare four weeks ago which
came from Canada and between her
hoofs and fetlock joint on both hind
legs she has a ridge about the size of
a man’s finger which seems all healed,
but I believe the sore itches. I did not
notice it when I bought her. A. I.,
Riga, Mich—The mare has perhaps
placed her foot over a rope tie line or
perhaps she has been cast with a side
line and the rope has burned the tis-
sues under fetlock, causing this fungous
growth of tissue. Paint the sore oc-
casionally with tincture iodine is all
that you can do.

Partial Dislocation of Stifle Cap.—
I have a two-year-old filly that by spells
will drag one hind leg, toe on ground,
then suddenly something snaps, then
she travels sound. What ails her? A.
H. L., Tipton, Mich—The stifle cap
slips partially out of position then sud-
denly moves back into place, but when
out she is unable to raise toe off the
ground. By pulling foot forward and
stifle back, at the same time pressing
cap into position, you can quickly give
her relief. Clip hair off stifle and ap-
ply one part powdered cantharides and
four parts lard twice a month. The
applications will perhaps be all that
is necessary.

Obstructed Teat.——Some two weeks
ago a small bunch about the size of a
hickory nut appeared at the base of
my cow’s teat and it is growing larger.
1 might also add that there are several
other bunches on the back. H. F. M..
Brighton, lVIich.——Apply one part iodine
and nine parts fresh lard to bunches
two or three times a week. If there is
a sore on end of teat, dissolve 1 dr. of
permanganate of potash in 4 ozs. of
water and apply to sore once or twice
a day.

VVeakness.——In December I wrote to
you for advice in regard to my cows
that were then victims of contagious
abortion. After treating them my cows
and calves were alright, but after the
calf sucks the cow for the first day
they sicken and die before they are
three days old. When sick they have
cold muzzle, cold ears and cold limbs.
Please give me a prescription for this
ailment. C‘. J. 3., Scottville, Mich.—
Immedi-ately after the birth of calf tie
navel cord, paint end of it with tinc-
ture iodine and apply one part coal tar
disinfectant and 30 parts water to sur-
rounding parts of navel daily for two

days. Giving such young animals drugs ,

will seldom save their lives; however,
they should be kept warm and not al-
lowed to chill.

QW.——We have a mare that has
been lonesome last fall in left fore
foot and from time to time the foot

opens pus. She has
been looked after by two different

Vets. without their being able to effect
a cure. J. J. S., Horton, Mich—Occa-
sionally apply tincture iodine or iodo—
form, but this is a case that should be
looked after by a Vet.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

  
 

  
   
   
  
  
  
   
 

back

My Dip is a pasitlve

houses. etc. G

  
 

cans $1.00

Smaller virus. as
' low as 25c. Ex-
cept In Canada
annular West.

1);. III/1%

 

 

erms and foul odors.
gags, disinfecting hog pens, stables, poultry houses. troughs. etc.

101;; [less [lip afldmyislilnlcclagt

Invaluable for disinfecting sinks, drains. troughs, garbage cans, out-

_ _ alike for home and stable. . .

and powerful it 15, how economical. therefore. Sold In pint bottles.
quart. halt-gallon and gallon cans and barrels.

Dr. Hess Fly Chaser

31—511

 

 

Yes, I Guarantee It Will Rid
Your Sheep of Scab,Ticks, etc.

Gilbert ”9“. Mo Do. Do Va 3.

Dr. Hess Dip and Disinfectant is sold under a money-
arantee to do that, and more, and my dealer in
your own, whom you know, backs up my guarantee.

lice killer. Cures skin diseases. destroys
You need my Dlp for dipping your sheep and

See how concentrated

  
  

 

 
 
    

 

CATTLE
HOLSTElN-FRIESIAN CATTLE

Herd headed by grandson of King Segis Pontiac,
and tuberculin tested annually. A few choice
young bulls from dams having official records .
PEACELAND STOCK FARM, Three Rivers. Mich.

Chas. Peters, Herdsman. l‘.L. Brody. Owner. Port HI]rnII.Mi(‘lI.

 

Large Yorkshi res “fl“:

September 1 . 2Hprin boars. Prices reusonuhle.
W. C. 0031? Route 0. I, ADA. MICHIGAN.

Yorkshires Gilts

For March & April furrowing For Sale.
Waterman & Waterman. Ann Arbor. Huh.

 

 

 

Registered Holstein Bull calf. two-
For sale. thirds white, born Mar. 15, 1016, dam
and sire‘s dam has A. B. . record. Price' $30. CHAS
I. COOK li‘owlrrville, Mich. Box 43x.

FOR SALE—8 yenrlln
“038 Farm Jerseys bulls, ‘..’ hull calves. g
E RGE C. BORCIL Grand Haven. Mich.

 

 

sh I'll! AND POLLED DURHAMS FOR SALE.
0 ‘ or" Have red- roan and white. Have over 100
head in herd. CjCarlson, Leroy. Mich. .

DISEASC

onoerv TH E
PROLIFIC “ MULE FOOT" RESIST.
PRorI‘rABLI: HOG mo

w: ARE NOW BOOKING oaocns roe SPRING PICS

THE CAI-“LL FARMS
KALAMAZOO - - - - MICHIGAN

 

 

 

 

H005
O. I. C. SWINE {fiR-Sfieflfifi

strictly O. I. C. type bred to fa rrow the forepart of May-

also fall pigs {”09 r1 ht. Stock registered Inpur.
chaser's name me of c arge. A.J.Gorden, n.2, Dorr,:I:ich,

 

 

II. I. M. Flu. PIGS, EITHER SEX. gtfiiiiélll‘.
A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.

. ' ll . . S. C.

0. lo Co wte‘rfllgllgl‘nc lflltbgsfisggxl" 1:2? 100.

$1.25 per 15 post. paid. Bruce W. Brown. Mayville, Mich

 

 

0 l c SWINE. Oct'. boats and ilts. 3 Registered
' . Holstein Bulls sired by ‘ ll). hull.
Cloverleaf Stock Farm, Monroe, Mich. No. 1.

 

 

Boars at Half Price

“'63 still have a few big boned. big type Poland China.
boars ready for S Orvico. weighing up to 250 lbs. not. fat
at. $20 ‘1' $25 each. Registered in buyer's name. so
registered black Percheron Stallion 2)’&‘ilrfl(lld $250.00.
1 BUTLER. Port! and, Mich. , Bell Phone.

 

 

50mm GHINAS

From our thousand pound Grand Champion Boar
and Big Strata-11y Son's. Also booking orders now

for spring pigs. .
llillcrest Farm, Kalamazoo, Mich.

Bi Bone Poland China

Broor Saws, bred for spring (arrow. Few choice
mules ready for service. Also M. B. Turkeys.
Maplewood Stock Farm. Allegan, Mich.

O I d ‘ .
Big Type Poland China fll'fixilxglrtfi.l?§.m“
G. W'. HOLTON, Route 11, Kalamazoo, Michigan.

Gilt . I ll . b' . -
MUM] Cl'llllls Aprislagd 11‘st $3.22"? ”ea m
A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.

 

 

 

 

. ‘ 4 choice boars ready for service

“'9 3m P. 8' Some nice fall pigs. A few bred
Gilts left. some be furrow the lust of April and first
of Mag At Farmers Prices. _
H. . SWABTZ. Schoolcraft. Michigan.

 

l I P Guts and sows. Bred [or Mar. and

all! g ‘ # April Iarrow. Sired by Big Des
Moines. lg Knox Jr.,ahd Giant Defender. Brod to Big
Knox Jr.’Smooth Wonder 3 and Big Jumbo, mural-eat.-

- .‘ther sex. all ages. Some.
For m Palafld chm“ Sling flood at a low rice.
P. D. Long. R. F. D. ‘No. a. Grand Rapids, ich.

ll 8 .1 Poland Ollinas. Fall and Summer Pigs.
8‘ on. Sowa Bred. E from big Burned Rocks
31.“) or 15. ROBERT NEV . Pierson, Michigan.

IG “PE POM ND CHINE—bred cows and glib
a“ cold. Have sewn] good spring boars and fail

pi . Both sex. (‘lall or write
. BREWBAm J SONS. Elsie. "1“!)

REGISTERED Poland China Spring Benson! Sows
“5 each. M cm no to e room
jot-m A. arm. mm. tramp” Ranch.

 

l Type P.O. Sows dc Gilts all sold. Have 3 extra
arg. Hgood RIprin boars. Sired by Big Defender.
W. . AGE SH W. Augusta. Mlchlzan.

[If YorkShlra Swine all ages. Red Poll Bulls

d t se 37? each.
a. . CARR. reallon‘la‘it. M’ICHIGAN.

 

All. hours In III“. Como or write. W. E. lavingstouJarnu,“

umpshire S“ inc thegrcat nature hog.;\ly herd con-
tains the blood of some 0 the greatest champions

of the breed. Headed by a ion of the Grout “Look Out."
ired snws and boars All sold. Booking orders for spring pigs. (fun
supply pairs and tries. not akin. Geo. l-J. Starr. Grns> Lakefllich

‘ ~Nothing for sale but Apr. lluurs.
"mp‘hlf. “I! : Takingnrders forspringpigs. Write
your-wants. Jo n W. Snyder. b‘t. Johns. ll. .\‘o. l. .\I ioh.

 

 

' ' Pigs of both sex. Bred SOWsSewlco
"Imps”! ‘WWC- hours. Write for prices. Price to
sell. FLO YD M YERS, R. No. 9. Decatur. 1nd.

SHEEP.

Kope Kon Farms

SHROPSHIRES and DUROCS. KINDERHOOK, MlCH

' —Yearlin and ram lambs from Ch '
l‘mlfl’s flock of ’ humb of Mich. Also xc’leiflulrlltegl:
shire swnne. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almonr. Mich.

Oxford lawn Shep- Evflolifirléfi. 93%..” “M
H. F. GANBSLEY. Lennon. ulehlgan.

HORSES

DUNHAM S
""" 3‘1 Perchemlls

For Fifty Years The Best

Send lor fine Photographic
Catalogue.

D u n h a m 5,
Wayne, anage County, Illinois

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
   
 

 

 

Valuable Percheron
Sicilians & Mares

lust lie Sold to close Estate

A. A. Palmer, Estate,

8. n. Orleans, lIcII P. o. Balding. IIIcII.

 

 

Additlonal Horse Ads. on Page 503

 


 

INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE

510 30

THE MICHIGAN FARMER .~.iIi‘:ii.3.ifiiI:.

 

 

BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

II,,-I;.I. IIIIIN'I III'1:II'I LIILIII :13 iIII1~I I‘IIIIIII H.“
II... In... I. IIII-I-IIIIII [IIIIIIHI‘ii'IIL

 

I; AT'I—‘Qi.

 

HIIIU I‘.'~l..\iHI>~Iii H iN 1900
ilxi‘I\V-I I H .I.I‘I ;.'IIi III \( [\IIIICII\ <‘lll‘.
III I I‘IHI‘IKII‘II‘ III Peri-III Inn II: II iquI} :InIi ‘midiv

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ABERDEEN ANGUSNNNN

 

 

 

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EEACH FARM
SEU MEN SEVS

AiH’iIELL 0' NGII’I III:

I. ‘I‘IILIN:\\£!I{"‘. N.II (Ina; n

 

  

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‘I."I"'"’SII_ISINTIE MICHIGAN
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IAT EIIIWELL, LIVINGSTON comm, MIcIIIIIIII, on APRIL 26, Hits . ..
ABERDEEN-ANGUS?

‘I‘ IIIMII. IIIIII :IH‘ IIIII3I IINY \(HIIINQ', many A. ix’. (I. I‘mw :IIHI iiIIiI'I-I's. (IIIINV I\\'() (II'

 

Howell Consignmemi Sale C0.

Sixth Annuai Sale of

100 Registered Holstein Friesians 100 E , N _ I N
'{aice vas'er White Hog’

iN OUR BIC. SALE PAVILION ' - IUALLFD m: sum? 0.1. P
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3m ‘. Iigiiii3 {IVI I'HQ'IIIQ'IH'I‘Y C’II) HM. 0111‘ MIMI is mUHIINV from, m‘ III‘IIE II) Slit‘ii sires

 

 

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Catalogs Apr" 10th ‘ c. s. BENJAMIN i: \II III PorII-nd.MIchlaIn

 

 

 

 

Col. Perry and Mack. Auctioneers. MARK B. BURN, Secreiary

Duroc Jersey Herd Bears SWIGARTDALE FARM

I HI” I III' I’ )l
Special Offering; of High (‘inss Full Boar Pigs. Ih‘crding and Individuality goodI . HOI IISTEINS AND \BERKSHIRES

 

I-nuugh for IH-oq-(lQ-rfl “'ho "ppm-(- .allr liu- host. N 5mm; .’>.' NNNIN N,” ”H Iimw, “MIN NMHN, M HHNMMNNO

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Su‘igarldaic Farm, Peicrsburg, Mich.

Chester Whiles'f. " ’ I...I;‘.1'.'.‘-".I‘.Altai.““.‘.“I‘.‘.'.‘j

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III I III‘ I’li '\I IIHII' iII’H illi' \‘li'. iHI I'I.'I.‘"‘. i‘I. IIIII‘IIIIIII II"III' \\

Brookwater Fa rm, Swine Dept., Ann Arbor, Mich.

N5 iIANBSIJME HULSIEIN BULLS, READY EUBN SERVICE

 

 

 

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f0“ SALE

 

 

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large . I‘ "'I’IA. A, Palmenj ESEaie,

“. .1 HAM} l .‘IH K v‘v Augnutu, ‘diI'lIIg'arx.;
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‘li.S. (JANE. HHAH'R \IHHHIXN‘I
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Additlunnl Hnrye his, on Page 303

 


  

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IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.
Just mail me the coupon below or -
drop me a postal with your name and (gueaaas;
address and I will send you my‘big,new.{
catalog of Split Hickory buggies—~the ‘
greatest Vehicle Catalog ever printed. k
Shows 150 handsome new styles and explains

my special price-splitting offer to 1916

Buggy buyers. Don't buyzi vehicle of any kind
until you get this big free book
and see for yourself the money

you can save. Send the coupon
today.

President . ‘

 

   
 
 

  

 
 
 

  

 
    
    
 
 

  

  
    
   
   
   
  

 

 
 
  

1916

,. ' spur moxonv ' caning 3......
snow. ;_ r - soms392§

“The Finest Buggy Ever Bullt” and
Here is the very newest, niftiest rig in the big Split Hickory line. As far

 

   
  
  
  
 
    
 

   
   
   

W3 ahead of ordinary rigs as the new model autos are ahead of last year’s cars.
'BMGIOS Note the graceful body lines, handsomely trimmed auto seat, deep, comfortable upholstering in
the beautiful mottled brown Spanish leather, and 16 coat lead and Oil finish.

“INS! Has latest style Limousine Seat molded of sheet steel like auto—roomy, strong and comfort-
From able—back will never split or spread at the corners. Never—leak automobile top. Wheels,

shafts and reaches are all genuine, straight grained, second growth “Split Hickory”. Reaches
Factm are steel clad full length. Padded patent leather dash and many other excluswe, high-grade
'0 "30'- features. You will find this rig fully described in my new catalog and offered at a price

that will save you $20 to $40. Write for the free catalog today.

'/ _ [ix/WW,

' , .u , I I
Split Hickory customers /
I I e
. Write Like This: /
. A Clean Sewing of $40 \ /
/ . ' H. C. Phelps, President ‘ \
. .. The tho Carriage Mfg. Co. Columbus. Ohio. /
Dear Sir: I received my buggy on the 28th and
everything was 0. K. I am very well pleased with
it in every way.
/ Judgin from the appearance of the bug y. I could /

. not have gmghfi oiigaeqsual to it for geis‘otogntsllofio
4 l have built and sold almost a quarter of amillion of these high-grade vehicles. They are famous nzht in the user's'" clef? $33.20 think y%$i%¥ /

5 ’AL‘

to $125.00
‘ ' ' ” ur " me to buy rOm you, for there is no compari-
, r for st 1e, comfort and serv1ce. When_ I put the Split Hickory name plate on a so? bgotweerryour vehicles and other. at “when,
I. gheglgywilgtgke myyreputation as the biggest excluswe factory-to-user buggy-maker in theworld cm: L. KEEFER, [luion Bridge. Md.
that’the job is absolutely right from top to tires. I personally stand back of everg mg with my The Fi———nm om“ mm“!
‘ guarantee of complete satisfaction. I promise you that when you get your lit Hickory Tigegmgnggifilafigxfragggdclgmflggg'mamm
. Vehicle you will find it looks right, is made right, Will wear right and t at you Will titer gliihgtng‘ 1mm well please with u, .t is the /

near Your price.
R. D. 1

save $20 to $40 on the price by my new profit-splitting plan. h I h d Yours truiyjA. B. wmc. Apalachicola, m,
)* '5 ear I am buildin more vehicles than ever rand cutting the. price more t an ever. aye ma e Used One SpI-imt Hickory 8 Years-
6’ Tmt yossible for everyg man needing a new buggy to own and drive a genuine Split Hickory. . '1 he price BF” Anon,"
O 0 I p ' d an afford a Split Hickory. H. c. Phelps, President
0;. 0 no longer stands in your way. If you can afford any buggy ma e you c Wh The 0th Carnage MngConcommbus. Ohio. ‘
‘99 Io.) ‘9! For example, my 1916 catalog shows 150 styles _- some as [low as only $39.25 and up. ere (1123:, Si”;...‘.5§fi"‘“.:§ may ”Egg? “it “cellar; 00"};
$00 ‘9)0 O ‘5' . else can y'ou find such quality at such prices, and remember. I give inll’fnug warpileggeigpallé:ei§mctleliitto i322": :88
06 ' w1 _ e _ mess. oug _
O ’ Q I 2 Y , a I bug y from you some Slx or eight years ago, and it
0' , h . .
«a. a. *4», a. 30 Days Free Road Test -— ears uaran so it...“ fili‘g.§3§$j‘:£°.é:€&¥
“‘30 J“ v 0 . , _ . . pure as is ug y or my son an au ran
to co 0 < You take no chances. I let you pick out the rig you want and drive it 30 days over wel as for myself, an i am now in my soc year,
a???“ 6‘ a your own roads—under your own conditions— before you deCide. I prove the if? Liga‘évéigsawelcilfiaiii‘i'fi‘iiiwr to take all the "deg

and workmanship at my risk. Be sure to write for my) big free 1916 Bug y Book before

 

- I
., 6 t9 0 . . . . _ y .
«9.6% '/6' b %¢,°.. quality—I prove the value. You test the rig for comfort, light running, style wi d§g|lllml :33}? Eecgmx’gfiixién 33$; 33.111123? g

 

6" 0 ' ' ' -— ' See or ourself the
“+09 0/ A 0 you buy. This coupon Will bring it free postpaid. Send today. y
“giggqfifel 0:00; . \ motley you can save- ". co ”alps, MSident gtygg figréwmglgiesaggégfggnmwyagogcfafi 302:; /
his: 34.3% . THE OHIO CARRIAGE MFG.GO. massages?” /
'o o. 0900 Q o ' STATION 57 GOLUMBUS, 0""0 (27) J . C. PEEL s, Presi eat .5 l
9 «o‘ o . v - . , ‘ - ' . « A A
. $659 \KWWWI