Publication of Michigan Farm Bureau 1-=1 April 30, 1991 Agriculture at WMU? Open for Discussion MFB Policy Passed by Voting Delegates to the 1990 State Annual T here's been an agricultural program at Western Michigan University (WMU) and understanding of agriculture and apply those principles in their classrooms. "I\griculture Instruction at Western Michigan University" Western Michigan University has a rich tradition in agriculture and has been built since the institution was founded in 1903 - • a long and distinguished tradition. But during the, 80s, ag enrollment, like enroll- A number of committee meetings and hear- ings to discuss the current predicament and on a proud history of rural education since 1903. There is an immediate danger that all agricultural instruction at Western Michigan University will be eliminated. ment all over the nation, dropped rather future of the ag program included an undergraduate's study council hearing on "We urge the Board of Trustees and the administration of Western Michigan drastically, creating problems in terms of April 16 at the request of the provost, University to continue to offer general courses that will allow students to learn adequate class size. Nancy Barret. about agriculture and the foundation of our food and fiber system. According to WMU Associate Professor The council's recommendation to the "We urge the teacher education curriculum include the opportunity for future Max Benne, that's when university ad- provost, regarding the future of agriculture teachers to learn how agriculture fits into their classrooms. Students and ministration started a push to eliminate at WMU, is a mixed bag and inconclusive educators should be trained in agriscience and natural resources education. agriculture at WMU to cut costs. In 1990, enrollments to the ag majors were closed, at this time, says Benne. "The council was prohibiting any new ag majors at WMU, very impressed with the need for agricul- "Michigan Farm Bureau offers its cooperation in developing curriculum for ture and impressed with the people who teachers that include examples from the agriculture industry to teach basic although some general ag classes are still spoke on our behalf. They definitely had concepts in science, math, economics, social studies and other subjects. " offered. their eyes opened to the possibilities," he Assistant Vice President for Academic Af- said. Those wishing to comment or support the efforts to maintain an ag pro- fairs Dr. Susan Hannah, who represents the gram at WMU should direct their comments to: Western Michigan The recommendation reads: University, c/o Nancy Barret, Provost, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5067. provost's office on curricular affairs, says those decisions were based on declining "We recommend that the Undergraduate enrollment and declining funds from Lans- Studies Council encourage the initiative to ing as well. develop a new program and decline to act feels would be very marketable in today's on the request to drop the agricultural environment. It's hoped this new major will "At one time, there was a department of majors, because this action would be help WMU's number of ag majors rebound agriculture with 100 majors or more, but meaningless since this decision has al- from the currrent low of 30, a considerable over a period of years, it has gotten smaller ready been made by the administration." drop from the one time high of 100. In the and smaller," says Hannah, claiming the past, those students chose either a general problem didn't develop overnight. "The "We think we can lower the number of ag ag major or a major in agribusiness but very program became so small that, in its current classes and have a core curriculum of re- few returned to the farm. form, it's no longer viable." quired courses, giving students a pretty broad opportunity, in conjunction with an A majority of those past graduates went According to Benne, however, there are advisor to pick out courses throughout the into agricultural business areas including those who hope that agriculture can be whole university for that major," says loan officers, chemical and seed sales rep- revived as a general program at WMU and Benne. resentatives, and elevator management, as as parts of other majors to help address the well as agency work in ASCS, SCS, and The new major would be called Rural and Farmers Home Administration Robert Brown graduated from WMU's small class size issue. ag program in 1990 and is now the agri- Agricultural Resources, a major that Benne See "WMU, " continued on page 8 science teacher at Hopkins High School. "We think we're past the peak crisis of ag class sizes, and we'd like to keep an agricultural presence here, not only to benefit students who want an agricultural .degree, but because we feel it would be Pesticide Certification Somewhat Less Than Expected beneficial for this institution to help Some Michigan farmers may be in for a "We have concerns that there may be a lot timates Regulation 636 will likely become citizens in general learn more about rude awakening this spring planting season, of private appl icators out there who may be law July 1 of this year with a 90 day com- agriculture," says Benne. if the number of certified private applicators using or intend to use a restricted use pes- pliance period to follow. is any indication. According to Kathy Fed- ticide, specifically atrazine, who are not Benne pointed to WMU's annual bumper der, MDA pesticide certification manager, certified," said Fedder. "We're also con- "The amendment to the act is that anyone crop of new teachers as prime candidates the increase in private applicator certifica- cerned that people may look to illegal type who applies pesticides as a scheduled and who could make agriculture part of their tions was less than expected. options such as having'someone else pur- required work assignment, on the property program at WMU, suggesting that they chase restricted use pesticides for them." of another in the course of their employ- would be able to take that basic knowledge Fedder said there has been quite an increase ment, will have to be a certified applicator in the number of people in the certification Fedder said the Pesticide and Plant or a registered technician," said Fedder. process due to: people anticipating Regula- Management Division of MDA worked "Regulation 636 sets up the registered tech- tion 636 going into effect; the reclassifica- closely with chemical dealers and county nician portion of the program." Fedder was tion of pesticides from general use to Extension offices in an attempt to reach quick to point out that there is an exclusion restricted use; and atrazine reclassification. everyone through "out-county exams" for farmers and hired labor, but under during December through May. Just how Regulation 636 there is some protection "We have had an increase in certification, successful those efforts were will not be from civil liability, if label directions are without a doubt, but we did expect a little known until the spring season is in full gear. followed in accordance with the law. more of an increase," said Fedder. "We have data that shows there are about 30,000 "In counties where there appears to be a "At this time, a farmer will not be required com farmers out there, for example, but need, ifthere are 25-35 people minimum in to have his or her employees be certified or we've only got a total, all together, of a particular area needing an exam, we'll set registered," said Fedder. "Of course, 13,855 private applicators at this time." up an exam and administer it there so all anyone purchasing and applying restricted those people don't have to come through use pesticides still has to be certified and Of the 13,855 certified applicators, 7,266 our regional office," says Fedder. still has to follow the label directions." were certified within the last year and an additional 3,259 certificates are pending. Regulation 636 Under Regulation 636, the expiration date There are currently 5,348 commercial cer- In a related matter, Fedder explained that for certification and registration would tified applicators, 2,535 within the last 12 Regulation 636 is a rule that's being written change to December 31, as opposed to the months and another 2,060 commercial cer- under authority of the 1988 amendment to birthdate of the individual. Fedder says the tificates pending, according to the latest Act 171, the Pesticide Control Act, and change was in response to requests by the figures available. could be of interest to farmers. Fedder es- farm community and dealers. Capitol Comer - Michigan Fann Weather - Fann Business Outlook - I Michigan Farln Ne\Ns II. April 30, 1991 In Brief ... Husbands and Wives Qualify Separately Says USDA Husbands and wives involved in farming now qualify separately under USDA payment rules, allowing them to each collect up to $50,000 in annual subsidies on the same farm, Exceptions to New Minimum Wage Are Few says USDA. Most employers must now meet the new minimum wage under the Fair Labor Standards USDA said the new payment rules, a result of the 1990 farm bill, are valid if nei~her person Act, which rose to $4.25 on April I, 1991. is collecting payments, directly or indirectly, on another farm. Under the prevIOUSrule, a husband and wife were considered as one unit when it came to government payments. Five major agricultural exemptions exist for small operations, minors working with their However, many farmers complained because the same sort of limitations didn't apply to parents, family members of the employer, workers hired on a piece-rate basis who worked other partnerships, such as a father and son. less than 13 weeks in agricultural pursuits the previous year, and workers principally engaged in range production of livestock. USDA also announced a new inheritance provision which allows producers who inherit land subject to a Conservation Reserve Program contract, to earn payment without regard Additionally, the minimum wage law does not apply to: to any amount received under prior CRP contracts. A producer who had reached the Executive, administrative or professional jobs; workers employed casually for domestic $50,000 payment limit on land enrolled in the CRP could collect up to another $50,000 in service, babysitting or elder care; irrigators; workers processing maple sap into sugar or payments on CRP inherited land. syrup; workers who haul fruit or vegetables from the field to the processor or first point of sale within the same state or who transport workers between the farm and any other point For the first time, wool and program producers will fall under payment limitation rules. In within the same state for work in harvesting of fruit and vegetables; workers engaged in 1991, payments will be limited to program producers who are "actively engaged in forestry if fewer than eight are employed; workers who fish or process seafood; and farming" and capped at $200,000 per person. employees of a country elevator that employs less than five workers. New Four Food Groups Full of Beans Hills Sees "Tough Fight" for Fast- Track Extension The American Farm Bureau is condemning a propo~al by an animal rights-oriented u.s. Trade Representative Carla Hills concedes that convincing Congress to renew the Bush physicians group based in Washington, D.C. to omit meat and dairy products from the four administration's bid for more fast-track trade authority "is shaping up to be a pretty tough basic food groups. fight." The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) recently announced it would "We are handicapped, because we have no agreement to show and no benefits to market," replace the traditional four food groups--meat, dairy products, grains, and fruits and Hills said of the seemingly uphill battle to overcome opposition. "Only in Washington is vegetables--with four new food groups--vegetables, fruits, grains, and legumes. so much time spent trying to strike down agreements that don't yet exist." The American Dietetic Association shares confidence in current government nutrition In remarks to the European Council of the American Chambers of Commerce, Hills guidelines. "A diet with moderate quantities of lean meat, poultry, fish, and low-fat dairy renewed her call for extension of the fast track, a congressional rule that allows her to products, is more likely to meet total nutrient needs than one without these foods," said negotiate trade pacts that cannot be amended by lawmakers. Without the authority, Hills ADA President Mary Abbott Hess. contends, the U.S. cannot negotiate the proposed U.S.-Canada-Mexico pact or complete the Uruguay Round global trade talks under the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade. AFBF's Kleckner pointed out that the USDA and the Department of Health and Human Services continually issue revised dietary guidelines based on nutrition research, while the Hills' task is made more difficult by the fact that U.S. business supporters have only started PCRM's recommendation is based on a study of the Chinese diet which was never to become active in defending the plan. Opposition groups, meanwhile, have been criss- published in a peer-reviewed journal. "Rather than science, we believe the driving force crossing Capitol Hill in lobbying efforts since early March. behind this plan is the sponsoring group's reported commitment to promote strict vegetarian diets," Kleckner said. Congress is expected to vote on Bush's fast track bid by the end of May. But the extension faces tough opposition, primarily from organized labor and environmental proponents worried about the impact of freer trade with Mexico. Opposition is strongest in the House, Renewed Push For Capital Gains Tax Cut where many believe the bid would lose if a vote were taken today. President George Bush is still stumping hard for lower capital gains taxes, telling members of the American Business Conference, a group of chief executives of fast-growing firms, "A capital gains tax cut isn't a sop to the rich. It rewards people who turn good ideas into goods and services that people need." TallolCdbuildlng Iy/teml In a recent analysis of capital gains, AFBF Economist Ross Korves said, "The most positive point about a lower capital gains tax rate and indexing as investment incentives is that no The POST BUILDING & SUPPLY Company tax break occurs unless the investment actually increases productivity and the value of the enterprise. Other incentives, like investment tax credits, result in tax breaks regardless of the economic payoff in efficiency of production and/or value of the firm." Korves further pointed out that competition for capital, capital gains would allow the small WE'LL HELP YOU BUILD YOUR FUTURE entrepreneur to compete for funds with larger, more established firms. Anderson Re-elected to Farm Credit Board Animal Confinement Clinton County Farm Bureau member Jack A. Anderson has been re-elected to the board Crop Storage of directors of the Farm Credit Bank of S1.Paul for his second three-year term. A dairy and grain farmer from S1.Johns, Michigan, Anderson has also served as director and chairman Machinery Storage of Farm Credit Services of Mid-Michigan. He is a graduate of Michigan State University and holds membership and board affiliations with the Clinton County Soil Conservation District and Clinton Health Corporation. Accessory Buildings Farm Credit Bank of S1.Paul and district associations are farmer-owned and farmer-directed financial cooperatives that provide credit and related services to more than 80,000 farmers in North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan. The Seventh Farm Credit District is one of 12 that make up the Farm Credit System. Exploration Days 1991 How can you take an airplane ride, learn to speak Japanese, ride the people mover in Detroit and have Iunch in a foreign restaurant, all in a matter of three days? By attending the 1991 4-H Exploration Days, June 19-21, at Michigan State University. At Exploration Days, young people from all over Michigan will choose from one to 65 action-learning options from such favorite project areas as: animal science, leadership, photography, and many more. To be one of the 3,000 Exploration Days participants or for complete program and registration information, contact your local county Extension Office. CUSTOM DESIGN Michigan Farm News is Published 20 times annually: By the Michigan Farm Bureau Information and Public Relations Division. Publication and editorial offices at 7373 West Saginaw Highway, Lansing, Michigan Agricultural • Industrial • Commercial 48917, Post Office Box 30960 (zip 48909); phone 1-517-323-7000. On-site Consultation • Locally Owned Michigan Farm News is provided as a service to regular members as part of their annual dues. Publication No. 345040. Established Jan. 13, 1923, as Michigan Farm News, reestablished October 15,1990. Third- West Michigan's Largest dass postage paid at Lansing, Michigan and at additional mailing offICeS. Editorial: Dennis Rudat, Ed~or and Business Manager. 616-837-9716 Officers: Michigan Farm Bureau President, Jack Laurie, Cass C~; Vice President Wayne Wood, Marlette; Administrative Director, Charles Burkett; Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, Tom Parker; Secretary, 1-800-955-7005 William S. Wilkinson. Directors: District 1, Marlin OUlman, Constantine; District 2, Blaine VanSickle, Marshall; District 3, Diane Homing, Manche~ter.; District 4, T?m GUlhrie, .De.~on; D!strict 5, Mark Sm~s, Charlotte; District 6, Wayne Wood, Marlette; DIstrict 7, Larry Snider, Hart; District 8, Richard Leach, Saginaw; District 9, Joshua Wunsch, Traverse C~; District 10, Margaret ~artes, W~st Branch; District 11, Robert WahmhoH, Baraga. At-Large: Douglas Darling, Maybee; Jack Laune, Cass Crty; Faye Adam,Snover; Jan Vosburg, Climax. Promotion and Education. Holly Porter, Manchester. Young Farmers, Steven Gonyea, Spruce. Michigan Farm News ITOL Ill. April 30, 1991 o o :D EJ Z m :D •• Commercial Driver's License Property Tax Limitation Status: Legislation to provide regulatory relief to custom harvesters and farm retail Status: On April 18, the House and Senate passed two separate, but tie-barred, bills -- S.B. suppliers has been introduced in the u.s. Senate and is co-sponsored by an estimated 35 19 and H.J.R. "H." The combination of the two bills provides for a 1992 limitation and senators. A similar proposal has been introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives. voter approval for long-term limitations on property taxes. These bills are designed to give state governments the authority to waive federal commer- S.B. 19, as revised by the House, provides that 1992 real property assessments will be cial drivers license (CDL) requirements for vehicles used to transport farm supplies from frozen on residential parcels at 1991 levels to address concerns regarding annual assess- the farm retailer to the farm; used in custom harvesting; and used in feedlot operations. ment increases. However, new construction and personal property would be subject to the assessment increases. This agricultural waiver authority is consistent with the waiver authorization that was granted to states by the Department of Transportation (DOT) for farm vehicles. Farm H.J.R. "H" provides voters an opportunity to limit property assessment increases up to the fertilizer suppliers and custom harvesters face circumstances similar to farmers. rate of inflation or 5 percent whichever is less, beginning in 1993. At the time the homestead is sold, it would be reassessed at 50 percent of market value and thereafter assessment Unfortunately, DOT did not recognize the importance of vehicles used for custom harvest- increases would again be limited to inflation or 5 percent until the next sale. The proposal ing, transporting farm supplies (fertilizer) from retail suppliers to, or from, a farm and would be submitted to the voters at the regular November 1992 election. vehicles used to transport livestock and feed, whether or not such vehicles are controlled or operated by the farmer. The Headlee rollback continues and would limit the assessment increases by class of property. Voters would continue to have the opportunity to override and allow an increase, Farm Bureau Position: Farm Bureau supports the bills and recommends they be enacted if approved at a local election. into law as soon as possible. Farm Bureau Contact: Al Almy, extension 2040. Farm Bureau Position: Farm Bureau supports S.B. 19 and H.J.R. "H" to the extent that it begins to address rising property assessments and higher taxes. Stabilizing assessments will result in less revenue to schools which would be replaced through state funding, which raxlssues would bring schools closer to 50 percent state funded as suggested in Farm Bureau policy. Farm Bureau Contact: Ron Nelson, extension 2043 Status: Farm Bureau filed a statement with the House Ways and Means Committee indicating support for capital gains reinstatement, extension and expansion of the health Special Note: The loss of revenue to K-12 and local units of government has not been insurance tax deduction and budget process reform. resolved. Estimated loss during the two-year program is approximately $40 million. Additional debate will focus on methods of replacing the lost revenue. Committee Chairman Dan Rostenkowski (D-IL) of the House Ways and Means Committee has warned he will not offer any tax legislation this year that loses revenue. He says that expiring tax provisions, such as the health insurance tax dedcution, will not be extended OFF-ROAD VEHICLES unless offsetting revenue is found to pay for the provisions. Status: The House rejected a Senate version of legislation, (H.B. 4010) which would have Farm Bureau Position: An attempt is being made to increase the number of co-sponsors established guidelines for the use of off-road vehicles (OR V) in Michigan. As passed by of H.R. 784, a measure that would extend the current 25 percent health insurance tax the House, the trail plan would have to be approved by the Legislature in order to become deduction and increase it to 100 percent by 1996. As of now there are 115 co-sponsors. effective. The Senate version, however, altered that portion of the bill to give the Legisla- Michigan's co-sponsors thus far include: ture 20 session days to reject the plan after the bill became law. The bill now goes to a conference committee to resolve the differences between the Senate and House versions. Rep. Robert Davis (R - 11th District) Rep. Guy Vander Jagt (R - 9th District) Rep. Robert Traxler (D - 8th District Rep. Howard Wolpe (D - 3rd District) Meanwhile, the Natural Resources Commission (NRC) unanimously approved an off-road Rep. Fred Upton (R - 4th District) vehicle (ORV) trail plan during their April meeting. The trail plan approved by the NRC Farm Bureau Contact: Al Almy, extension 2040. includes 7,259 miles of federal forest roads in both peninsulas and 3,276 miles of state forest roads in the Upper Peninsula. Trails in the Lower Peninsula include 1,500 miles of trails which now exist, 400 miles of snowmobile trails, 750 miles of cross country cycle Sanitary Food Transportation Act trails and 746 miles of forest and county roads, all of which will be designated to include ORV use. Status: AFBF has requested that the Secretary of Transportation grant a waiver to farmers and ranchers from the regulations that will be issued under the Sanitary Food Transporta- The new plan also includes three "scramble" areas, under which ORVs can operate freely tion Act. Under terms of the act, there could be a federal inspector at all farm gates checking on any part of the designated land and are located in Roscommon, Cheboygan and Oceana to see if farmers have properly sanitized their trucks for hauling livestock. counties. All other lands will be closed to OR V use unless specifically posted as open. With the accompanying legislation, a trail improvement fund will be generated by user fees to Farm Bureau Position: Farm Bureau contends that regulations issued by the Department allow further development and maintenance of the trails. of Transportation under the act should apply only to refrigerated motor or rail carriers used to transport meat on a carcass basis, since there is very little involvement by individual Farm Bureau Position: Farm Bureau supports the NRC action and H.B. 4010. We are farmers in transporting fresh meat or poultry to meat-packing houses, food processing encouraging prompt action by the conference committee so that the legislation can be centers or in the retailing of meat. enacted for the upcoming ORV season. Farm Bureau Contact: Al Almy, extension 2040. Farm Bureau Contact: Vicki Pontz, extension 2046. Right-to-Farm Practices: Pesticide and Nutrient Utilization Bulk Storage Rules for Pesticide and Fertilizer Status: The Michigan Commission of Agriculture approved a draft proposal for Generally Status: The Michigan Commission of Agriculture approved a draft set of rules for bulk Accepted Agricultural and Management Practices for Pesticide Utilization and another pesticide and fertilizer storage during their April meeting. The rules now go to public draft proposal for Nutrient Utilization. The MDA will hold a public hearing on the practices hearing, which will likely be held this summer before harvest season begins. this summer and it is anticipated CES will hold training sessions late fall and winter so that farmers will be familiar with the practices for the 1992 growing season. The rules include storage facility registration, siting requirements for new storage facilities, primary and secondary containment requirements of fluid bulk fertilizers and pesticides, A farmer is protected from nuisance law suits when following "generally accepted security requirements, discharge response plans, inspection and maintenance requirements agriculture and management practices." The proposals include recommended practices for and record keeping requirements. on-farm fertilizer storage, containment, and application, soil conservation practices, irriga- tion management, pesticide use practices, equipment use and calibration, applicator safety, The rules currently apply to storage of bulk fertilizer and pesticides by a person who environmental protection, transport of pesticides, and pesticide container disposal. The manufactures or distributes bulk fertilizer or pesticides and does not include storage of proposals also make reference to laws and regulations that a person applying agricultural fertilizer or pesticides by an agricultural producer for use on land owned or leased by this pesticides must adhere to. producer. Farm Bureau Position: Farm Bureau has been involved in the work group to draft the Farm Bureau Position: MFB testified to the commission in favor of the rules, specifically .4'. the exemption for on-farm storage by agricultural producers, suggesting it would be more proposed practices, but has not taken a position on the draft proposal. Farm Bureau will be encouraging its members to become familiar with the proposed practices and to attend appropriate to address on-farm storage separately from commercial storage. public hearings when they are announced. Farm Bureau Contact: Vicki Pontz, extension 2046 Meanwhile, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is in the process of drafting rules for on-farm storage. ASCS may be providing cost sharing for secondary containment construction, and SCS water quality technicians continue to make storage facility recom- mendations for farmers for the protection of groundwater. MFB has initiated a meeting From MFB's Public Affairs Division, (517) 323-7000 with MDA, DNR, EP A, ASCS, SCS, and MSU to review the activities of each organization regarding on-farm storage. American Farm Bureau's Toll Free Capitol Hotline Service Farm Bureau Contact: Vicki Pontz, extension 2046 1-800-245-4630 Michigan Farm NelNs April 3D, 1991 Early warm temperatures rapidly increased Use Of Growing Degree Days Michigan Weather Summary base 50F growing degree day accumula- tions, leaving most overwintering crops Growth and development of many plants Wetter than normal weather covered much about one - two weeks ahead of normal. and cold blooded organisms are dependent of Michigan early April, causing substantial on the amount of heat present in or around Michigan and Major Commodity Area fieldwork delays. Rainfall was heaviest in The latest outlooks through May and an organism. Growers use this fact to help Extended Weather Outlook central and northeastern sections of the through June are calling for normal to monitor development of crops, pests, and T - Temp. 4/30 ..... 5/15 4/30 ...... 6/30 Lower Peninsula, where more than 4 inches P - Precip T ..P T f warmer than normal temperatures and near diseases during the course of a growing (in excess of 300 percent of normal) fell in Michigan A N A B normal to below normal precipitation. This season through the use of growing degree some spots. Near record warm temperatures W. Corn Belt N N N B scenario will likely increase evaporation days (GODs), a simple, temperature- ~. persisted through April 10, when a late E. Corn Belt N N N B rates and help reduce extensive spring derived index. Wint. Wheat Belt N N N N winter storm brought colder. seasonable Spr.Wheat Belt N N A B temperatures and accumulating snow to the fieldwork delays caused by earlier heavy rains. Calculation of GODs may take one of Pac. NW Wheat A N N N northern third of the state. Delta N N N A several forms depending on the applica- Southeast N N N A For 4/1/91 Accum. Norm. tion. However, all forms have a common West Texas N N N A to 4/15/91 Temperature Grow. Grow. Precipitation principle - that the biological process of San Joaquin A B A N Observed Dev From Degree Degree Actual Normal interest will not begin until a temperature Mean Normal Days. Days. (inch.) (inch.) threshold is reached or exceeded, and is A-Above Average, B-Below Average, N-Nor- Alpena 46 +8 78 15 1.48 1.19 46 88 38 2.33 1.29 often referred to as the base temperature. mal, MA-Much Above, MB-Much Below, NP- Bad Axe +5 Escanaba 39 +2 2 3 1.48 1.05 Many thresholds lie between 40F and 50F. No Precip.: Source: National Weather Office Grand Rapids 46 +6 122 62 4.29 1.76 Imlay City 47 +5 140 54 2.18 1.41 A grower may estimate critical plant or Lansing 50 +6 122 60 2.31 1.44 insect growth stages by relating GDD data Ludington 47 +6 78 35 2.46 1.42 to basic crop threshold information, help-. Marquette 41 +3 44 12 2.33 1.26 19 3 1.60 .98 ing to improve scouting and decision Sault Ste. Marie 38 +3 Standish 44 +3 81 38 4.26 1.20 making capabilities. The best estimates Tipton 49 +5 174 54 1.70 1.68 will be obtained by taking on-site data and Traverse City 47 +8 93 21 1.36 1.22 developing GDD relationships for specific Waterviliet 49 +5 136 62 2.90 1.86 production systems, crops, pests and grower needs. • Growing Degree Days are based on B.E. Base 50F method and are accumu- lated from March 1, 1991. Normals are based on Climatological district Jeff Andresen averages for the same period. Agricultural Meteorologist, MSU ¥":. ~ , • t "Ii Frost/Fruit Damage Reports Southwest Freezing temperatures of 24-25 degrees common in tree fruit areas, 20-22 degrees in blueberries. Tart cherries have very few live buds in most orchards. Frost protected and best sites still have crop less than 10% of normal production potential left. Grapes mixed, damage from 0 to 100% primnianes killed, difficult to estimate crop loss as yet. Early blooming apples most severely damaged (Paula Red, Mutsu, and Ida Red). Move Up With Alamo. Many king and some side bloom in apples depending on location. Grand Rapids Area Had 25 degrees F frost on the morning of April 10 which did damage to a few king flowers on Delicious, MacIntosh, Ida Reds Now members can move up with Alamo. In addition to great rates and and others. Tart and sweet cherries were exceptional seIVice at all our locations, we're giving you a certificate for a free more heavily damaged. There is a tremen- dous number of buds on the apples at this upgrade on your next rental. Alamo features a fme fleet of General Motors time. Can easily have a big crop. cars, all with unlimitedfree mileage nationwide. Special weekend rates are also available by requesting Rate Code AI. Northwest Where all the miles Experienced very warm weather from April For reservations, call your Professional Travel Agent or call Alamo at are free'~ 4 through April 8 reaching a maximum of 1-800-327-9633. Be sure to request Rate Code BY and use your Membership 80 degrees F on the 8th. The night of April I.D. number 2232J.2 9 and early April 10, temperatures were recorded in Northwest Michigan from 23- 29 degrees F. --------------------------------------- Oceana, Mason, Manistee and Benzie Counties FREE UPGRADE NATIONWIDE • Certificate good for ONE FREE UPGRADEto next car • This cer:uncate:~nd the car rental pursuant to it are subject to The low temperature for the week was on category. luxury and spt.'Cialtycars excluded. Alamo s condItions at the time of rental. the II tho Lows were in the 20 to 25 degree subject to availability at time of rental. • OlTernot valid 2/14/91-2/16/91 and 3/28/91-3/30/91. F range in the district with 22 degrees F the • A 24-hour advance • OlTernot valid for rentals over 21 days. most frequently mentioned. It was 22 reservation is required. • For reservations call your Professional degrees F in the Beulah area. At this point, • OlTervalid 1/2/91 Travel Agent or call Alan10at through 6/30/91. 1-8()()'327-9633.Be sure to request the extent of damage is unclear. However, • One certificate per Rate Code BY and use your dark sweet cherries appear to be the most rental. not to be used Membership J.D. number. severely affected. Reports indicate damage in conjunction with any up to 70% of blossom buds. Light sweets other certificates. up to 50% blossom damage. Tart cherry • Certificate must be presented injury varies with site. The area east of "Old at the Alamo counter on anival. U.S. 31" experienced the greatest damage. Where all the miles From CES "CA T ALERT, " Fruit Edition I U22B I.D. #BY- 223212 Alamofen/uresflne General Motors cars like this Buick Regal. are free'" Michigan Farn1 Ne\Ns April 30, 1991 AG EXPO To Focus on Secondary and Seedbed Tillage Mich- field demonstrations should be of par- igan State ticular interest, since a 30 percent residue cover will be the minimum to meet SCS AG EXPO, requirements. That 30 percent requirement scheduled for will be based on actual measurments. July ]6 - ]8, will be focusing "Farmers will need to learn direct residue on secondary measurement and managment, and then and seedbed til- look at equipment needs to meet that re- lage options during field demonstrations, quirement," says Harrigan. "Our to assist farmers in meeting future conser- demonstrations will assist particpants in vation compliance requirements, accord- understanding those manangment techni- ing to Ag Expo Chairman, Bill Bickert. ques and adjustments they'll need to make. There will be four events taking place in 15 "Secondary and seedbed tillage are impor- minute segments, and farmers should be in tant field operations on 90 percent of and out in one hour." Michigan's farms," said Bickert. "These tillage decisions affect options for and cost The 35-acre outdoor exhibit area should Baker Mfg. has developed a new line of high trash cultivators - the 9000 series. Using of weed, insect, and disease control, and the also be jam-packed with the latest farm walking tandem beams on each axle assembly for superior depth control, the Baker 9000, type of planters used. We know that a well- equipment, products and services. Accord- line is available in two model styles: The 9100 model, available in 25',28',30', and 35' designed tillage and residue management ing to Bickert, there are more exhibitors widths; and the larger 9200 model with widths of 40',42' 6",45' and 48' 6". Baker's 9000 plan will make an important contribution to now than the total number last year. Show models use the walking tandem axle design, allowing each wheel to independently adjust the profitability and long-term sus- hours run from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Tuesday, to ground conditions. Axles have an adjustable depth stop as standard equipment with tainability of all Michigan farms." and 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Wednesday and positive lock settingsfor precise depth control. Both wings and center sections operate with Thursday. For more information contact single point depth control and adjust at the same rate for uniform depth cOlltrol, even though According to MSU's Tim Harrigan, AG MSU AG EXPO at (517) 355-3477. wing leveling is controlled using a hydraulic slave cylinder system. For more information, EXPO field demonstration chairman, the contact Baker Mfg. at (405) 327-2034. CRPAcreage Figures Released T he USDA released a detailed state-by- state breakdown of the 564,989 new acres of farmland accepted into the conservation reserve program during the tenth sign up. Official acceptance will be announced later ichigan this summer, but the tentative acceptance of the 564,989 acres into the program boost overall enrollment in the program to about 34.5 million acres. Farm Bureau FEW'S The tenth signup is the first under new land eligibility rules. In the past, only highly erodible land was allowed into the program. Prescription CENIROVI1E TABS aJMPARE The 1990 farm bill contained provisions, however, intended to promote water quality and and other environmental aims. For more than 27,867 of the new acres Program 10 CENIRUM at $11.4$515 tentatively accepted, USDA will purchase ] 5 to 30 year easements, including 19,666 acres for wildlife habitat improvements; Special Sav~ For 3,422 for filter strips; 1,952 for salt tolerant grasses to control salinity; and ] ,071 for Michigan FarmBureau COMPARE field windbreaks. Members! AND In Michigan, landowners bid a total of 58,068 acres for the CRP, with a total of SAVE! 22,623 acres approved for the program. FElO!. Total annual rental payments for the new acreage in Michigan is $1,258,386, or an average of $55 .62 per acre, compared to the FEl!i£'DRUG U.S. average of $53.96 per acre. ACETATAiLns ... The top five states in terms of acres ac- cepted were: Montana, 51,258 acres; Iowa, 46,726; Texas, 45,010; Mississippi, 39,145; and Wisconsin with 37,715 acres. <;,':i:nrnoptlen ;~'ll'i-free ~ Tablets .J<. I;lSI (Mill relief 10 ICliYe 1r~~11 01 TJIMol' Regula,Stn",g1hT"'" m TABLETS. 325 MG. EACl'l Kellogg Posts Record FEW'S Earning and Sales NATURAL Kellogg Company earnings and sales VEGETABLE reached record levels in the first quarter on continued strength in international ready-to- eat cereals and improvement in U.S. busi- , .• t»~IitIIc~o;~ '_"y.~ ....... " _."::rt......".f»...,~' ~~.~ .... '0(--.,. .~~'"~""'"llIIo~"''' ~.~ ~.Il - .. .. )o,(,po. ... '~~ ,,,",",*. ~599 FELI(fpRUG ness, according to Knight Ridder News. --.. .,~ .:.l.~ ,~- ....... .• ~ "".,... ............ .. -..~ .,.: aJMPARE 10MErAMUa • CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-228-3353 Earnings rose 69.4 percent to $1.63 million, c~~ .~t5tI...... : "lI AT $9.89 ASK FOR FREE CATALOG! from $96.3 million, a year earlier. Sales in the quarter rose 17.6 percent to $1.42 billion from about $] .2] billion: William LaMonthe, Kellogg board chair- ------------------------------ I I I --------------- I I I : : SAVE $5 00 man and chief executive officer, said in a statement, "Recent volume trends in the U.S. are encouraging, but we expect market : SAVE $300 I WITH YOUR NEXT ORDER :: FREE ~~!R.!!~!~. WITH YOUR NEXT ORDER I WITH YOUR NEXT ORDER : I conditions to remain extremely competi- I Sl.-nd this coupon rIEL IJ{JY ~RUG I FEL &J(E,JI ~RUG FEL &J(E,JI ~RUG tive. Our plans for the balance of the year call for a very aggressive marketing and new-product program as we continue to meet the private label challenge in the U.S . I I I Send this roupon when placing your next on1cr, and n."CCivc$3.(~off ... ------- purchase pncc. ()n(o OlUlJaf per 0rrU-r r.oodIIJ",Sept~ 199/ I I I I) I I 1 ... 0="::= =~~yn;::lL'>t r-- One Cnc.ptlft per 0nIt-r GoodlbruSept.~ 1991 I I I I I _1 when placing)'OUJ' next order. and receive $5.00 off purchase price. r, O'l(' Cnuptlft per 0rrU-r Good Ibn. S4.1/L ~ 1991 I I and the emergence of the General ...- - - - - - - - - - - __I Mills/Nestle joint venture in Europe." Michigan Farm Ne\Ns •• April 30, 1991 MARKETS ....... •••••••• ••••••• ••••••• ••••• ~.'I •••• ,j ••• r• 1. ~:.. Seasonal Commodity Price Trends (long term) -Corn The com market appears to be nearing the top for old crop sales. Typically, there is an USDA Releases Year-End Stocks Forecast FARM •••• • r •••••• ,J ••• .'~ J~::... •••• •••••••• •••••••• . The USDA's end-of-year stocks forecast occasional seasonal planting rally which is Wheat 1 weather related. Lack of Soviet credit has partly hurt the spring rallies. USDA's sup- raised the projected closing stocks inven- tory on com at 1.36 billion bushels, higher BUSINESS than the 1.285 billion prediction in March Corn ply and demand report was viewed slightly negative as exports were cut 75 million bushels and ending stocks increased by a and the 1.344 billion a year ago. The USDA also pegged the soybean carry- OUTLOOK 1 similar amount. over higher than a month earlier. Wheat stocks were projected lower, presumably because of heavier feeding to livestock. Soybeans 1 Soybeans Meat Imports Will Not Trigger Quotas The USDA says estimated meat imports in the second quarter of 1991 will not be high Soybean market action has been very dis- enough to trigger import quotas. appointing. Selling pressure from the new Hogs 1 Brazilian crop (their harvest is now in full swing). Heavier selling pressure may be Meat imports are pegged at 1.28 billion pounds in 1991, about 38.5 million below the trigger level of about 1.318 billion, according to Richard Crowder, USDA undersecretary. The law delayed until Argentina's harvest comes on Cattle 1 in May. USDA's supply demand and world allows the president to limit imports of meat, especially beef and veal, if import quantities are estimated to exceed a certain level. crop assessments showed a larger South Index: i= Higher Prices; 1 = Lower Prices; American crop and an increase in the U.S. carryover by 10 million bushels to 360 mil- Cattle-On-Feed Figures Below Forecast TP= Topping; BT= Bottoming; ? = Unsure lion bushels. USDA's quarterly report showed fewer cattle on feed than expected, but any support for futures will be tempered by the prospect of record high second-quarter marketings and the Wheat largest on-feed inventory since 1973. No decision on export credits for wheat sales to the Soviets as yet. Timely rains have been If USDA's second-quarter market projections of 6.375 million head is correct, it will result damaging to wheat futures. USDA's supply and demand report showed wheat feeding and in not only the largest fed marketings figure ever for that period, but also the largest quarterly residual use up 50 million bushels. The ending stocks estimate fell to 896 million bushel number ever, according to Chuck Levitte, senior livestock analyst with Shears on Lehman. from 957 million bushel a month ago. USDA's on-feed figure of 108 percent of last year is 16 percent above the 10-year average, while the first-quarter placement figure is 7 percent above the average and Cattle marketings are 3 percent below the average, Levitt said. Slightly weaker remains the trend in cash prices. Cutout values have bounced around, but The sluggish marketing rate is the result of bullish attitudes among producers, light ':t;; are holding about steady. It will take some very positive news to push prices higher as the placement weights, longer finishing times and heavier marketing weights, according to summer months approach. Market tone will be based on reaction to the Cattle-on-Feed analysts. The slow market rate was seen in weight breakdowns, which reflected record large Report. supplies of steers weighing 900 to 1,099 pounds and record large supplies of heifers -Hogs weighing more than 900 pounds. One of the most surprising categories in the report was the March marketings figure, which at 96 percent of last year, was well above trade expectations and at the high end of pre-release Hog slaughter is nearing the highest weekly volume of the year. The market is approaching estimates. Because steer and heifer slaughter in March fell significantly from year-ago a turn in the price trend as it begins its seasonal decline. Clearing weather in the central U.S. levels, the seven state marketing figure implies slaughter for those cattle not fed in feedlots will lead to a decline in marketings. Consumer demand is okay, but still not strong enough was at a near standstill. to bolster the market. Leahy "Emergency Dairy Adjustments Bill" Dairy Market Activity Senate Agriculture Committtee Chairman Patrick Leahy (D- VT) introduced legislation to temporarily increase fluid milk prices and increase the minimum standards for fluid milk Inventory Management Study Moved Up product. Farm Bureau member-policy advocates market-oriented principles that serve agriculture on a long-term basis. Our legislative positions are examined carefully and Agriculture Secretary Edward Madigan is moving up the date for the conclusion of a standby committed to following the policies developed by our members. AFBF expressed opposi- inventory management study. The 15~ay public comment period will be opened following tion to this measure - not a popular position with many dairy producers. However, many the May 15 announcement of the study in the Federal Register. The study will be completed producers were not aware of all that was included in the proposed "Emergency Dairy by June 15, so that the secretary can begin work with Congress more quickly on the current Adjustments" including: dairy situation. Interference with Market Forces. AFBF Dairy Action Identified Currentl y, price signals in the dairy sector are telling producers to cull cows and not expand production. Livestock markets can handle these cull cows without depressing prices and dairy producers can receive a reasonable return for cull cows. Establishing a price, which The AFBF Dairy Advisory Committee has set the framework for positive action. The AFBF is considerably above the market price, based on government intervention in the market Board of Directors has supported these recommendations and is actively seeking action. place will undoubtedly cause expanded dairy production and a reduction in cow culling. State presidents recently participated in a conference call to step up action on the recom- mendations and identified additional areas of concern. Reopens Farm Bill The recommendations include: The changes in dairy policy contained in the "Emergency Dairy Adjustments" are sig- nificant and have strong long-term implications for dairy producers. These changes made o Actively support the adoption of higher standards for solids content of fluid milk without the benefit of hearings, at least indirectly, open the 1990 farm bill. A free for all threatening the delicate compromises of the 1990 farm bill could have erupted. patterned after those used in California. o Actively support efforts to increase the export of dairy products through use of the "Deficiency Payment" Program for Grade B Producers The payment authorized for Grade B producers establishes the precedent of a deficiency Export Enhancement Program, Dairy Export Incentive Program, Public Law 480 and other appropriate means. program for dairy, a drastic step taken without the benefit of hearings. A payment of 50 cents per hundredweight would have been paid to Grade B producers because they aren't o Support an accelerated timetable for consideration of USDA's recommendations on marketing any fluid milk. A reduced interest loan program would be established to allow eligible producers to upgrade facilities and allow participation in milk marketing orders. inventory management proposals. o Congressional hearings on the farm-to-retail price spread. Budget Implications Although the bill was scored as revenue neutral to revenue positive, it created some real o Include dairy producers under the provisions of the Packers and Stockyard Act. questions regarding budget impacts. As in the past, government financial commitments were not adequately addressed, such as the costs to the Commodity Credit Corporation. o Increased activity in opposition to assessments, loan origination commodities. fees and taxes on farm WIC Funding The willingness to assign funds from the expanded Class I pool to offset any reductions in .' USDA Increases Dairy Export Incentive partic.ipatio~ in. the W0!llen Infan! ~d Children (WIC) program raises serious long-term questIons. Lmkmg fundmg of nutntlOn or other government food programs directly to farm programs based on the assumption that farmers are the beneficiaries of these programs The USDA has announced that the Canary Islands, the Republic of Korea, and Kuwait will would have dire consequences. be eligible for dairy products under the Dairy Export Incentive Program. Under that program, bonuses are now available to 73 countries for milk powder and to 61 countries for butter fat. The bonus commodities would be from CCC stocks. Trade The mandate that 95 million tons of butter be dumped on the world market in the next two The American Farm Bureau had urged USDA to make every effort to increase exports of years will send absolutely the wrong signal to our trading partners. It is clearly hypocritical dairy products, according to John Keeling, AFBF assistant director of national affairs. as we work to eliminate this type of subsidized sales by the European Community (EC) to engage in the same activity. We invite retaliation and erode a world market economy we are struggling to develop. From MFB's Commodity Activities and Research Division (517) 323-7000 Michigan Farm Nevvs -. April 30, 1991 MA Y 1991 Discussion Topic: The Policy Development Process Policy development is the anchor of Farm Committee develops their slate of proposed was concerned about building new export Bureau beliefs. Our organization is recog- policies for presentation to delegates. markets. nized around the nation for the grass roots Policy resolutions that are approved be- foundation of its philosophy and activities. come the official national policy of the This month, your own Community Action American Farm Bureau. Group will have the opportunity to provide ,- Community Action Groups are the bedrock policy ideas to your county Policy Development Committee. The committee of policy development. Over the next few These county, state and national policies months, groups of Farm Bureau members provide Farm Bureau members a powerful in your county has been asked to develop around the state will begin discussing the weapon for taking positive action on behalf three questions for you to discuss at your crucial local, state and national issues that of their industry and way of life. Few or- meeting: one question each on a local, state affect their industry and way of life. The ganizations can tackle a controversial issue and national issue. ideas they develop will be forwarded to like wetlands, food safety or the Farm Bill, county policy development committees, and have the confidence of Farm Bureau Your Discussion Leader should take these who will use the suggestions to help form members in the sound value of their actions. questions and use them to generate ideas, proposed policies to be considered at the Farm Bureau members are secure in know- concerns and suggestions that will then be .county annual meeting. ing that their policy has been thoroughly sent back to the county Policy Develop- discussed and debated. Their policy repre- ment Committee. Local policies approved at the county an- sents a genuine consensus that contains the nual become county Farm Bureau policy for most progressive thinking on a particular Please take advantage ofthis opportunity to the year. Policies on state and national is- issue. "make a difference" in agriculture and sues are forwarded to the state Policy Farm Bureau. Policy development is a criti- Development Committee. Through the years, Community Action cal element of successfully leading your Groups have initiated action on a wide industry into a prosperous future. The state Policy Development Committee variety of important issues. In the southeast The safest, takes the county Farm Bureau policies, part of the state, Community Action Groups most efficient along with input from commodity advisory became concerned about impact of a Discussion questions: wood heat system committees and other sources, and con- radioactive waste disposal facility proposed on the marke~ the structs a slate of proposed policies to be for some of the most valuable farmland in 1. What is the mOst critical issue TAYLOR water- discussed by delegates to the Michigan the state. Their policy proposals helped spur stove sits outside facing agriculture and rural com- and heats your Farm Bureau annual meeting. Farm Bureau action that resulted in the can- munities on a: home and 100% cellation of the disposal project in the area. State policies approved by the delegates National Basis? of household hot State Basis? water. become the official policy of the Michigan Policy developed by Community Action .UL listed Farm Bureau. National policies are sent on Groups also played a major role in or- Local Basis? •Thermostatic control to the American Farm Bureau Federation ganizational action on issues ranging from .12 to 24 hour bum time Policy Development Committee. wildlife crop damage, to garbage backhaul, 2. What is the most important Call1.aOO-54S-2293 for more details. to the farm bill. One Michigan Community issue facing you? At this level, the national policy suggestions Action Group idea even had international TAYLOR MANUFACTURING. INC. from Michigan are considered along with impact. The Food For Peace program P,-~ b\ • '-'0 ~ : 1: "'1"1, ';.J r'J( ,)...... J~; 3. Send your comments to: policy ideas from the other state Farm originated from a Huron County group that Michigan Farm Bureau Bureaus. The AFBF Policy Development Community Activities Dept. Box 30960 Lansing, MI 48909-8460. National Initiative for Biotechnology Needed The United States is a world leader in biotechnology and its leadership should benefit agriculture, help clean up the environment, produce new drugs and discover new energy sources, according to the Report on National Biotechnology Policy issued by the President's Council on Competitiveness .. The report calls for domestic policies supporting research, elimination of unnecessary regulations and private sector incentives to lead the way, according to Dr. Ann Sorenson, assistant director of AFBF's Natural Resources Division. "Biotechnology can produce faster, more precise advances in such things as nutrition, taste and appearance in food products." •• Corn May Be Lethal To Insects Someday Pioneer Hi-Bred International, a leading seed producer and Ecogen, Inc., an agricultural biotechnology firm, have announced a licensing agreement which could one day make com plants lethal to insects such as the European Com Borer. Ecogen produces an insecticidal gene which now becomes available to Pioneer for introduction into seeds to make plants harmful to bugs, but having no known harmful effects on humans, animals or plants. Officials say it will take several years before the genetically altered seed com becomes commercially available. MacSharry - Madigan Talks to Stir GATT Progress It's going to be a Summerfest Ticket Order Form Talks between Agriculture Secretary Ed Madigan and European Community Commissioner Star Spangled: Ray MacSharry May 2 in Washington will be aimed at stirring new action in the stalled We're ready to celebrate at the 1991 Star-Spangled trade negotiations ofthe General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, according to Knight-Rid- Celebration Summerfest! Send us tickets for Summerfest at Farm der News. "These talks are vital if the talks are really going to get moving again," said a at Farm Bureau MacSharry aide. Bureau Center, July 17. A check or money order Center in Lansing. You'll want to be made out to Michigan Farm Bureau for __ tickets District Five Young Farmers and Schuette Meet part of, so plan to at $4 per person totalling $ is enclosed. Michigan Department of Agriculture Director Bill ~chuette and 5~ young fa~ers from attend Michigan Send tickets to: district five (Clinton, Eaton, Genesee, Ingham and Shlawassee countIes) met for d10ner and Farm Bureau's discussion on a number of issues during a question and answer session that followed. Name Right to Farm was high on Schuette's list of priorities, and he encouraged the young farmers SUMMERFEST: Address to take a pro-active approach. "It's your leadership in Right to F~ th~t really ~hould b~ your focus, and is really going to be the key to growth and expanSIon 10 your 1Odustry, July 17 Schuette told the young farmers. The where and how of MDA budget cuts was discussed also. Schuette assured the group * Grilled Steak Dinner with all City the StatelZlp that the "food safety aspects of MDA will be maintained.". Schuette explai.ned the department's $31.4 million budget underwent a 9.2 percent cut 10 1991 and that It would trimmings be reduced further to $26 million for 1992, by targeting "non-regulatory" functions ofMDA. * Cold drinks County In response to questions about MDA'~ rol.e in foo~ safety, Schuette told the gr.oup he would like to see Michigan establish a SCIentIfic reVIew panel to an~wer questIons fr?m an * Apple pie and other sweet Mall by June 21 to: Summerfest, Michigan Farm objective standpoint to replace Hollywood hype that currently dommates food safety Issues. Bureau, P. O. Box 30960, Lansing, M148909. Only treats Questions about the defunct Michigan Family Farm Development Act (MFFDA) were * Games 2,000 tickets are available and will sold on a first ,.. posed by the group as well. Schuette explained the act was crippled by the 1986 Tax Reform Act, by removing the tax exempt status for bonds to finance the program. The MFFDA was * Music come-first served basis. discontinued as part of the budget cutting process. Michigan Farm NelMs April 30, 1991 m Farm Equipment Road Safety Tips o Be sure you can be seen. Along with your flashing lights, clearly display the o Allow only licensed drivers to transport farm machinery for any distance on a orange triangular SMV (Slow Moving public road. Although many youngsters W hen fanners take to public roadways Vehicle) emblem on your vehicle. Be sure the emblem is not mud-encrusted, operate tractors in the field, they may not have the know ledge and judgment to to transport equipment, plies, and harvested crops, production sup- the resulting mix faded, or improperly mounted . deal safely with difficult traffic situa- tions. Never carry extra riders. Many . of slow and fast vehicles wanted accidents. can lead to un- o Make sure wagon tires are properly in- flated and the hitch and load are secure. riders are senselessly killed or maimed in falls from farm machinery. Nothing in your load should stick out Farm equipment is involved in about enough to catch on tree branches or be o Keep driveways and access lane 30,000 accidents on public roads a year, struck by passing vehicles. Observe sightlines clear. Cut away growth block- From Farm Bureau Insurance according to National Safety Council es- regulations concerning length, width, ing the view and avoid planting tall timates. About half of those accidents in- weight, lights, reflectors, safety chains, crops where they might hide a view of shoulders, ditches, culverts, posts, and volve collisions with other vehicles. The and warning placards for big loads or oncoming traffic. other roadside hazards. Obey all stop rest are single-vehicle accidents - jack- hazardous materials. signs and slow down or stop at country knives, upsets, runs off the road, and col- o If traffic is closer than a fifth of a mile, road intersections lacking signs. lisions with stationary objects like bridges o Move wide. machinery only during stop until it passes. It can take as much and culverts. daylight hours when traffic is light. as 10 seconds to get fully onto or across o When road and load conditions are nor- Before moving large or heavy loads on a road from a dead stop, and a car mal, drive at full road speed to reduce The Safety Council recommends that farm unfamiliar roads or driveways, check moving at 55 mph would travel about the difference between you and traffic vehicle operators take these steps to prevent the routes for hazards - underpasses, 800 feet during that time. following you. But if the road is rough -I roadway accidents: weak bridges, low power lines, or nar- or slippery, or your vehicle is hard to row passages. Use a second' vehicle o Drive cautiously, with your flashing handle, slow down. o Be sure you can see. Clean cab win- with flashing lights to accompany large lights on. Try to keep the entire vehicle dows, and keep your lights and wipers in good condition. pieces of equipment. in your lane or at least on your side of o Keep the load within the tractor's ability the center Iine. Pull over to let others to slow and stop, especially if the trailing pass if necessary. Watch for soft wagon or implement lacks brakes. If you can't "shift on the go," then you can avoid a mid-hill shift stop or stall by shifting to a lower gear before climbing a hill. When descending a hill, shift down for better control. o Signal for turns if possible, When turn- ing right, don't swerve into the opposite lane. Before turning left, make sure no one is trying to pass. Avoid sudden or ' I unexpected maneuvers. Extendable rear view mirrors will help you keep track of what's going on behind your vehicle. D If something goes wrong with your vehicle, pull off the road as far as you can. If possible, set out reflectors and flares to alert other drivers. "WMU, "continued from page 1 Hannah suggests the' future contains a num- ber of possibilities for a revised curriculum. "When they (faculty) have a formal proposal for a curriculum on paper, it will be presented first to the department cur- riculum committee, then it goes to the col- lege and finally to the university, and I ex- pect that to happen this fall," she said. "Right now, the agriculture program is lo- Working for yourself, you As a Farm Bureau member, cated in the college of education; however, can't afford unscheduled you can choose from three there is no reason that it has to stay there," said Hannah. "There's opportunities for a time off for a major illness. traditional Blue Cross Blue revised program to be moved over to biol- Regular health care is vital. Shield Comprehensive ogy or into geography, with an environmen- Major Medical plans, starting tal study thrust. It all depends on where they That's where we can as low as $60.12 a month. want to put their emphasis, and that's up to help, with the health care the faculty who are going to initiate this." insurance you need, at the Each plan offers you Blue Benne emphasizes that if the WMU ag pro- down-to-earth membership Cross Blue Shield compre- gram is discontinued, a student's only op- rates you can afford. hensive major medical tion for an agricultural degree program insurance at low group within the state of Michigan is MSU, rather rates. The main difference unusual compared to most other states, says Benne. is: as the deductible goes up, the premium goes down. "Most agricultural states have ag programs But, whichever plan you at more than just one university, such as choose, you'll be able to Illinois that has three universities offering As sure as you're on your own, you're not alone ... ag programs in addition to their land grant afford the regular health university," said Benne. "I think wecomple- care you need to stay viable. ment the MSU program - we're general and they're very specialized. We have many What matters to you students who start here and then, if they matters to us. want to specialize, they'll transfer to MSU. "The reason we have such a good system of For further information agriculture at the moment is because people call 1-800-292-2680 or in the past were willing to invest in agricul- contact your local Farm tural education, and I don't think that has to Bureau agent. be just at the land grant university. "We need people who are not only special- ized in agriculture, but also people who have WHERE a broad picture of society well enough that BELONGING they can also be an advocate for agriculture MAKES A +{QJ~= ... IIIt:HIGAN FARM BVIlEAIJ within the larger framework of society," he said . ..:.. DIFFERENCE. '._ FAIlla OF COMPIINIES