GUIDE -- MICHIGAN FARM BIJREAIJ February 28, 19~7 Issue 2 Pesticides, other pest management techniques crucial to American agriculture A merican agricultural producers have been able to meet the demands of the public for food through the use of improved agricultural technology. For the past 50 years, agricultural technology has included the use of pesticides and other pest management techniques. Virtually all agricultural commodities pro- duced in Michigan may be threatened by serious pest problems and may be treated with pesticides to prevent or overcome insect, disease, nema- tode, vertebrate or weed pests. Currently, agricul- tural pesticides, as broadly defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), are utilized for livestock and crop pro- tection and production .. The use of pesticides has, however, caused environmental and human safety concerns. These include the appearance of pesticide con- tamination in surface and groundwater in Michi- gan, destruction of beneficial or non-target organ- isms, appearance of resistant pest species and pest population resurgence. Strategies for manag- The in the series pesticide use, equipment and protective clothing each pesticide applicator needs ing pests continue to be developed to reduce to know before hitting the spring season. Be sure to review the practices covered on the next eight pages with everyone who undesirable pestidde effects. handles chemicals on your farm to protect their health and the health of the environment. Watch for the next Right-fo-Farm issue Agricultural producers in Michigan are en- coming the end of March dealing with nutrient utilization. couraged to adopt practices that utilize pesticides only as needed. Such practices employ the ap- Worker and propriate use of all available information, meth- ods, and technologies to achieve the desired commodity quality and yield while minimizing On-farm pesticide storage handler safety any adverse effects on non-target organisms, humans, and the environment. and containment Any person applying or handling pesti- cides or working in pesticide-treated areas must be knowledgeable in the safe Such practices include, but are not limited A II pesticides should be stored in a man- gram. If there is a well-head protection program, use and handling of pesticides. Everyone must use to, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) or sustain- ner that maintains environmental quality, the facility must be located outside the delineat- safety equipment specified on pesticide labels. able ag~culture. These practices normally involve ensures human and animal safety, and ed well-head protection area. For Type liB and The Federal Worker Protection Standard of environmental and biological monitoring such as preserves product and container integrity. Legal Type III public water supply wells, the set-back is 1992 was written to protect employees involved in scouting, trapping, use of pest prediction mod- storage requirements are on pesticide labels. 800 feet. For more information on these set-back the production of agricultural products on farms, els, etc., to help producers determine when pest populations reach the economic action threshold Bulk pesticide storage site distances, see Public Act 399, The State of Michi- forests, greenhouses and nurseries from occupa- A site should be selected that minimizes po- gan Safe Drinking Water Act of 1976, and Act 368 tional exposure to agricultural pesticides. and selection and use of safe and effective con- tential for contamination 'of surface or groundwater of The Michigan Public Health Code of 1978, as The standard requires training, notification, trol measures. These may include, but are not limited to, biological, chemical, cultural, mechani- by drainage, runoff or leaching. Locate the storage amended. and information on the proper use of protective site an adequate distance away from wells, surface These set-back distances pertain to bulk pesti- equipment. Handlers include those who apply, cal, regulatory controls (e.g., inspections, quaran- water and other sensitive areas, as herein described. cide storage sites and facilities and do not include load, mix and transport pesticides and who clean tines, fumigation, sanitation ete.) and other pest "Surface water" means a body of water that application sites. A storage facility is a place for the and repair pesticide application equipment. Work- management methods. has its top surface exposed to the atmosphere and safe keeping of pesticides. An application site is ers include persons who may physically come in Agricultural producers who comply with includes lakes, ponds, or water holes that cover an where pesticides can be used according to label contact with pesticides in treated areas while per- pesticide labels and labeling, relevant state and area greater than 0.25 acre, and streams, rivers, or specifications. forming tasks related to production and harvesting. federal laws, Michigan State University pesticide waterways that maintain a flow year-round. "Surface Storage facility Both need to be trained to recognize pesticide recommendation bulletins, and follow pertinent water" does not include wiuerways with intermit- Pesticides should be stored in a facility which poisoning symptoms, avoid exposure and provide sections of these Generally Accepted Agricultural tent flow (Reference Public Act 171 of 1976, as is securable to prevent unauthorized access. emergency assistance. They should be provided and Management Practices for Pesticide Utiliza- amended). For purposes of these practices, a bulk • Keep all pesticides out of the reach of children, personal protective equipment and transportation tion and Pest Control, will meet provisions of storage area is an area where pesticides are stored pets, livestock and unauthorized people. for medical assistance. Handlers need additional Public Act 93 of 1981, as amended, The Right to over 15 days in a single container greater than 55 • Within the storage area, store pesticides in a training. Employers are required to provide the Farm Act, which is administered by the Michigan gallons or 100 lbs. manner to prevent cross contamination with training, personal protective equipment, transporta- Depanmert of Agriculture .• • Existing bulk pesticide storage areas should be other pesticides or accidental misuse. Store pes- tion, central notification points, field posting for the located a minimum of 50 feet from any single- ticides away from food, feed, potable water sup- duration of the restricted-entry intervals and main- family residential water well, 200 feet from a plies, veterinary supplies, seeds and protective tain pesticide application records for three years. public water supply, and a minimum of 200 feet equipment. For specific information concerning this law, from surface water If an existing bulk storage • The storage facility should be ventilated to re- refer to the EPA-prepared book, "The Worker Pro- area is located closer than 50 feet from a single duce dusts and fumes. tection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides, How to family residential water well, 200 feet from a • Keep pesticides cool, dry and out of direct sun- Comply, What Employers Need to Know." public water supply or less than 200 feet from light (Reference E-2155). Enforcement of the standard is in two phases. surface water, appropriate security measures • Post the pesticide storage area with highly-visi- Label-specific requirements will be enforceable should be taken to prevent pesticide contamina- ble, weatherproof signs, that indicate pesticides when they appear on pesticide labels. These include: tion of surface water or groundwater (Reference are stored there. Also post "no smoking" signs . • Using label-specified personal protective equipment E-2335) . • Store pesticides only in their original labeled • Obeying label-specific restrictions on entry to • New bulk pesticide storage areas should be locat- containers, or containers appropriate for pesti- treated areas during the restricted-entry intervals ed a minimum of 150 feet from any single-family cide storage that are properly labeled . • Obeying the requirement on labels that provide residential water well and a minimum of 200 feet • Have absorbent materials such as cat litter box oral warnings and treated area posting. from surface water. When planning a new facility, filler or sawdust, and clean-up equipment readily The generic requirements were enforceable as of Thispublication available. A fire extinguisher approved for chemi- Jan. I, 1995 and include: see E-2335 for information on design and con- made possible by cal fires should also be easily accessible . • Providing decontamination supplies struction and for the required set-back distance a grant from the from drinking water supplies. The set-back dis- • The storage of combustible and flammable • Training workers and handlers tance from any Type I or Type IIA public water chemicals may require special storage require- • Providing certain notification and information Michigan Groundwater supply well is 2,000 feet, if the public water sup- ments. Contact your local fire chief and refer to • Cleaning, inspecting and maintaining personal Stewardship Program ply does not have a well.head protection pro- NFPA395 for further information .• protective equipment • Emergency assistance .• Look for two more special supplements in the Right-to-Farm series - coming soon in future issues ~ l..it:J.i.lW Il11 ::t '!'~ 'i Right-to-Farm Guide Handling pesticides safely Equipment use and calibration or devices should be rinsed and the rinsewater The operator shall inspect and maintain all put into the spray tank. pesticide application equipment to ensure the • Avoid back-flow when filling a spray tank to pre- proper and safe operation of equipment, as well as vent water source contamination. The simplest the appropriate rate and distribution of application. technique is an air gap where the fill hose does Equipment must be correctly calibrated at not come in contact with the tank water. Back least annually to apply specific materials and formu- flow prevention devices may also be used. (Refer- lations of pesticides at the intended rate and distri- ence E-2349) bution . • A sprayer should be monitored while it is being Mixing and loading filled. Pesticides should be mixed and loaded ac- • Mix only the amount you plan to use immediate- cording to label directions in a manner that does ly. Pesticides should be applied as soon as possi- not harm individuals, animals or the environment. ble to maintain product effectiveness and reduce The greatest risk occurs when handling pesticide the potential for accidental discharge. concentrates. Follow these practices to reduce risk: • Clean up spills immediately. Materials spilled • Pesticide mixing and loading areas should be during mixing or loading may be applied to la- located in such a manner as to reduce the likeli- beled sites at or below labeled rates. Major spills hood of a spill or overflow contaminating a water or those exceeding reportable quantities under supply. Acceptable areas may include temporary SARATitle III should be reported to the appro- or permanent sites which are described in bulle- priate agencies (Reference E-175) as well as the tin E-2335. Michigan Department of Agriculture, Agriculture • Review the label before opening the container so Pollution Emergency (APE) Hotline, (800) 405- that you are familiar with current mixing and 0101. usage directions. If two or more pesticides are to Transport of pesticides be mixed, they must be compatible and mixed in Aperson transporting pesticides will do so in Handling pesticides properly - from mixing the proper order. such a manner as to avoid discharge into the environ- and loading products to applying them - is • Measure accurately. Keep all measuring devices ment, human exposure, and contamination of ani- Hooded sprayer units direct herbicides essential for the safety of workers and the in the pesticide storage area to avoid their being mal feed and human food. (Reference Public Act 346, directly between the rows of crops greatly environment. used for other purposes. Measuring containers The Commercial Drivers' license Law of 1988.). minimizing drift. Disposing of empty pesticide containers F armers are often faced with the problem of Disposing of rinsed containers disposing of potentially hazardous pesticide When rinsed according to label directions, containers. While most ordinary trash cans pesticide containers are classified as ordinary solid go to landfills, these sites generally won't - and waste and may be disposed of or recycled. Be can't - accept waste classified as hazardous under aware, however, that some waste disposal operators the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act will still turn away rinsed containers, even if they (RCRA). Since contaminated pesticide containers have adequate landfill capacity. States also have and waste chemicals often fall into this category, jurisdiction over burning and burying containers on farmers frequently have difficulty disposing of them private property. Contact your ag chemical dealer .properly. There are several solutions to this prob- for state disposal regulations, and rules on burning lem available in most states. - or burying containers. Leftover chemicals Recycling empty containers With the advent of refillable containers, Collection and recycling programs are avail. minibulks, and pre-measured water-soluble pouch- able in a number of states. If you have the opportu- es, the problem of leftover pesticides has been nity to participate in a recycling program, be sure to dramatically reduced. It does, however, still exist. rinse all containers properly. Contact your ag chem- Applying leftover registered pesticides over as large ical dealer or the Agricultural Container Research an area of land as possible, such as on the field Council at 919-549-2101 for more information about where the chemical was originally used, is a com- container recycling programs near you. mon disposal practice acceptable in most states. To rinse empty containers: However, disposing of banned chemicals is general- • Puncture container with special hose-end attach- ly much more difficult and expensive. Contact your ment. ag chemical dealer for information on chemical • Spray inside of container on all sides for at least return programs in your area. To learn more about 30 seconds. hazardous waste disposal in general, contact the • Let all rinse water drain into spray tank. EPAHazardous Waste Hotline at 800-424-9346. that proper rinsing results in essentially harmless, er over the opening to the spray tank while rinsing, These recommendations should not be used Rinsing empty containers 99.999 percent pesticide-free containers, regardless the rinse water can be captured as it drains from the as the sole criteria for evaluating the adequacy of a Most farmers, ranchers and custom applica- of what product they originally contained. Probably empty container spout. Manual rinsing methods, pesticide safety program. For further information tors rinse pesticide containers as they are emptied, the fastest, most efficient and convenient container such as triple rinsing, can be as effective as pressure on applicable laws, contact your retail dealer or dumping the rinse water into the sprayer tank. This rinse method is pressure rinsing with metal hose- rinsing, although anyone who has tried it will vouch manufacturer representative .• saves money and time, and the rinsing action is end attachments which puncture plastic and metal that it's much more time consuming and labor in- Source: Agriculture for a Clean Environment an organization sponsored by the American Crop Protection Association and much more efficient if the chemical hasn't dried in containers, producing a forceful spray of rinse water tensive. the Agricultural Retailers Association. the empty container. Laboratory tests have shown inside the empty container. By holding the contain- Pesticide disposal practices Excess spray mixtures and rlnsates agrichemical dealers may also be able to put Pesticide containers should be emptied U se excess mixtures or rinsates on labeled application sites at or below labeled rates as listed on the label. prospective participants in contact with the program. The average participant brings in 200-300 completely, rinsed when appropriate, and in general rendered a non-hazardous waste. • Triple rinse or use other recommended Excess pesticide mixtures include, but are not pounds of unusable pesticide, which is managed at practices, such as pressure rinsing to clean all limited to': leftover solution when spraying is done; no cost. A small fee may be required if the number glass, metal, or plastic containers to render them haul-back solutions from a spraying job interrupted of participants in the region is high or for those non-hazardous waste. (Reference AM-95) by weather and equipment breakdown. who have very large amounts. • After rinsing, puncture metal and plastic All rinsates, including pesticide container To assure there are funds for disposal, the containers. They can then be recycled or buried rinsate should be put in the sprayer as part of the application form asks the participant to identify the in a sanitary landfill approved under PA641, of mixing solutions. Sprayer rinse out solution should amount and type of pesticide. Except for the very 1978. be sprayed on labeled application sites at or below large amounts, no official paperwork is required of • Michigan has had an agriculture plastic pesticide labeled rates. the participant. container recycling program in operation since Disposal of unused pesticides The Michigan Department of Agriculture or 1992. This program allows for the grinding and The Michigan Department of Agriculture has the contractor becomes the generator of record and recycling of clean plastic containers. For more sponsored regional pesticide collections using local is responsible for the disposal once accepted at the information on this program, contact Michigan planning committees to establish collection sites collection site. Depanment of Agriculture at (517) 241-0236 or serving participants in areas ranging from two to six Disposal of pesticide containers Michigan Agri-Business Association at (517) 485- counties in size. Always dispose of containers in a way that 8580. Participation can be arranged by contacting minimizes impact on the environment and is • Dispose of rinsed glass containers in a sanitary the county MSU Extension office, MDA, or the Soil consistent with the label specifications. It is landfill approved under PA641, of 1978. Conservation District. Since many of the collection desirable to use reusable, returnable, or recyclable • Open burning of pestidde containers is prohibited sites have been at agrichemical dealerships, the containers when available. by state statute, PA. 348 of 1965 as amended .• Right-ta-Farm Guide Protection of the environment A griculture involves management of biological systems to produce food, feed, fur and fiber. Pesticides and other pest management practices controls, resistant varieties, cover crops, crop vacu- ums, crop flamers, mulching, composting, crop rota. tion, pheromones for mating disruption and trap: cause a specific effect in a biological system. f ping, etc. Allsuch techniques should be used accord- For agriculture to be sustained at biologically ing to dealer and/or manufacturer recommendations and economically sound production levels, growers and must be used according to federal and state should recognize their responsibility to be stewards agency recommendations and/or regulations. of the soil and the environment. Growers should be Agriculture pollution emergencies aware of environmentally sensitive conditions in The Michigan Department of Agriculture has a their production system and adjust management toll-free, 24-hour hotline available for reporting practices to ensure future productivity and environ- agricultural pesticide, fertilizer, and manure spills. mental integrity. For example, growers should limit The MDA Agriculture Pollution Emergency (APE) use of highly or moderately leachable pesticides in Hotline, (800) 405-0101, is designed to improve areas with coarse textured soils or high water tables. response time and provide appropriate technical (Reference NRCS Technical Guide 595-Pest Manage- assistance, reducing the environment risk associat- ment Standard, MSU pesticide recommendations, ed with an agricultural chemical spill. Soyherb or Cornherb.) Users of agricultural pesticide, fertilizer, and A person applying pesticides should use good manure products should report all uncontained judgment to avoid adverse effects to human health spills or releases to the MDA APE Hotline. MDA has and the environment. A pesticide applicator should ample: gypsy moth, mosquito, etc. • Utilize safety measures including backflow safety the responsibility to initiate response activities to make a determined effort to: • Avoid applications that would lead to contamina- devices when applying pesticides through irriga- immediately stop or prevent further releases at • Assess pest populations and apply pesticides only tion of usable aquifers (Water Resources Com- tion systems. (Reference E-2099 and E-2349) agrichemical spill sites and will do so through possi . when needed to manage these pests during the mission Act Part 22, Rule 2203, and the Michigan Alternative pest management techniques ble interaction and assistance from the Michigan vulnerable or appropriate stage of their life cycle. Groundwater and Freshwater Protection Act, Growers may use alternative tools and tech. Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). The • Avoid directing a pesticide application beyond the Public Act 247 of 1993) or runoff to surface wa- niques to pesticides to manage pests. These may main goal of the MDA Spill Response Program is to boundaries of the target site. ters (Reference NRCS Technical Guide 595-Pest. include, but are not limited to, audible cannons, clean up all agrichemical spills quickly and com- • Avoid the potential for drift or runoff. Management Standard). Applicators need to be ultra.sonic and audio sound equipment, strobe pletely and get the recovered material back out to • Avoid applications that would result in exposure aware of and adhere to any pesticide use direc- lights, firearms, balloons, scarecrows, streamers, where it can be used for its intended purpose. This of persons within or adjacent to the target site, tions or references on pesticide labels concern- neuing, traps and fences for wildlife management, goal is accomplished through providing immediate except when such pesticides have approved use ing state management plans. These plans are tillage for weed control, controlled burning and traps response, technical assistance, a common sense pauerns permiuing treatment of populated areas specifically developed for the protection of for pest management, transgenic plants, introduced approach to clean up, and utilization of legal land for specific pest management programs, for ex- groundwater. or managed biological control agents, mechanical application of recovered materials .• Pesticide storage area safety S torage of crop protection chemicals poses little threat when safety is considered and your storage area is properly maintained. The following checklist will help you keep storage Separate chemicals by class to minimize risk. ;For example, keep combustibles away from flamma- bles, and prevent cross contamination with seed, fertilizers and other materials such as fuel or oil. If ing rules among employ- ees and visitors whenever entering or working in pesticide storage areas. area hazards to a minimum: possible, use secondary containers, including con- Keep safety equip- location of storage areas crete curbing, to further prevent cross contamina- menthandy Your storage building should be secure, dry, tion and minimize environmental contamination in Keep the proper ~ell ventilated, with fire retardant construction and case of spills. fire extinguisher, spill an unbroken concrete floor to prevent groundwater Add ventilation if necessary cleanup equipment~ contamination in case of a spill or fire. The struc- Keep hazardous fumes to a minimum by en- safety equipment and ture should be located down slope and at least 100 suring adequate ventilation of all chemical storage water available for emer. feet from wells and distanced from other water areas. This will minimize the risk of explosion, fire, gencies. sources such as streams and ponds. It also should environmental contamination and human exposure. Move pesticides be located in an area not subject to flooding. Natural ventilation works best when vents are near safely Post key information the floor and ceiling. Mechanical ventilation, howev- Equipment used to Product labels and Material Safety Data Sheets er, offers more control over the air quality and tem- store, move or load prod- (MSDS) for the products stored should be posted in perature of your storage facility. ucts should be used your storage area, along with any specific safety Protect from flames, temperature extremes properly, taking special care to avoid dropping or as the sole criteria for evaluating the adequacy of a instructions. Familiarize yourself and your employ- Keep crop protection chemicals out of direct puncturing containers. When delivering chemicals, pesticide safety program. For further information ees with any hazards associated with handling spe- sunlight and temperature extremes. This is especially secure your load carefully and drive slowly to prevent on applicable laws, contact your retail dealer or cific products. Post emergency telephone numbers important for liquid formulations. Be sure not to weld unnecessary hazards. Be sure to carry an MSDS for manufacturer representative .• near the telephone closest to your storage area. or cut with acetylene torches near storage of flamma- each product when transporting pesticides. Source: Agriculture for a Clean Environment, an organization sponsored by the American Crop Protection Association and Prevent cross contamination ble products or vapors. Aggressively enforce no-smok- These recommendations should not be used the Agricultural Retailers Association. Calibrating and maintaining spray equipment F aced with production deadlines, common sense can often take a back seat when it's time to calibrate spray equipment. • to take a "running start" at the starting flag so your tractor/sprayer reaches the desired speed before you begin timing. Park your tractor/sprayer and set your brakes, These recommendations should not be used as the sole criteria for evaluating the adequacy of a pesticide safety program. For further information on applicable laws, contact your retail dealer or Complex formulas and time- but keep the engine rpm at the same setting manufacturer representative .• Source: Agriculture for a Clean Environment, an organization consuming calculations can be used to drive the test course. sponsored by the American Crop Protection Association and discouraging. But calibration errors can • Set the desired pressure on your sprayer (this the Agricultural Retailers Association. add excess chemical costs, reduce will vary with the type of spray tips you use and yields and increase potential for water the gallons per minute you wish to spray through A chemical mixing chedel/sf contamination. them). • Read the label carefully and take notice of To avoid these problems, calibrate • Using a plastic container marked in ounces (a printed precautions on personal safety and your spray equipment at least once a boule or a measuring cup works well) collect the environmental protection. year with these 10 easy steps: water that was sprayed from one nozzle during • Wear appropriate safety equipment when • Fill your sprayer tank with water . the same lapse of time it took you to drive the handling pesticides. Only use clean water to calibrate. test course. Average your collection with several • When mixing and loading chemicals in the • Measure the distance in inches tries. field, prevent spills that might contaminate between the nozzles on your spray • The amount of water collected in ounces per water supplies . boom. nozzle equals gallons per acre applied. Vary the • While filling sprayers, avoid back-siphoning • Choose the course length (in feet) sprayer pressure slightly to fine tune your overall by always keeping the discharge end of the from the chart at left. For directed output. Write these numbers down for possible fill hoses above the tank's water level. and band rigs use the row spacing of later use. • Prevent spray tank overflow by never leaving the field you plan to spray. Measure • Be sure to check your nozzles for uniform the filling station unattel the course distance in the field and delivery by measuring the flow of each nozzle on • Never rinse equipment flag it for easy visibility. the boom. If the flow rate of any tip is 10% near wellheads, ditches, • Drive the test course at your normal greater or less than that of the others, replace it. creeks or ponds. spraying speed. Be sure to operate If two or more are faulty, replace all tips on the • Before disposing of all equipment, spraying clean water entire boom. Whatever type of spray tip you chemical containers, over the test course. The important choose, be sure to use all the same type on your pressure rinse or triple step here is to record the seconds it boom. rinse them, and drain thl takes to drive the measured distance. • Finally, be sure to read the product label for rinse liquid into the You'll use that number later. Be sure proper application instructions. spray tank. Il'JI~~IL'I~ Right-ta-Farm Guide Keep your well Pesticide recordkeeping F arm operators should maintain accurate Michigan watersafe records of all agricultural crop applications of pesticides for at least three years. The federal pesticide recordkeeping regula- Right-to- Farm (RTF) Aponion I you're f like millions of other rural Americans, load chemicals away from your well, and draw water tions, the federal worker protection standards, and of the Right-to- you may rely on a private well for water for from the well to your operation through a 100-foot, the Michigan Right-to-Farm Practices all have re- Farm docu- your family and farm or ranch. Roughly 97 or longer, hose. Quickly clean up any spills and quirements related to pesticide recordkeeping. The ment address- percent of rural Americans depend on their under- properly dispose of contaminated waste. If you use following table is intended to help clarify which data es pesticide ground water supply for drinking, cooking, live- chemigation, routinely check your anti-siphoning are required for each of these pieces of legislation. recordkeeping. slOck, crop irrigation and many other uses. Because devices and equipment for proper operation, and The federal recordkeeping regulations and worker By following it's so valuable, it is critical that you make every inspect gaskets and seals for wear. To seal aban- protection standards are laws. Right-ta-Farm is a set these voluntary effon to keep your well water safe. Studies have doned wells on your property, contact your ~ten- of voluntary guidelines. guidelines, shown, however, that a large percentage of rural sion agent or a professional well driller for the prop- Federal Recordkeeping Regulations producers can reduce their liability. domestic wells are often contaminated with bacteria er procedures. (Redkp) Commercial applicators have 30 days to send a from barnyard run-off or failed septic systems. Spills To protect your well water, you also have to The data required by these regulations must copy of records required by USDA to clients. If a near wells, or runoff from fields into abandoned or protect the surrounding area where rainwater seeps be kept by private pesticide applicators for each medical emergency occurs before 30 days, commer- improperly constructed wells, have also caused into the ground lO "recharge" the well. Carefully restricted use pesticide application. cial applicators must provide the necessary informa- contamination with diesel fuel, ag chemicals and consider your choice of chemicals, cultivation prac- Worker Protection Standards (WPS) tion immediately upon request. fertilizers. tices and other management decisions for your The information listed in the table is that For federally restricted use pesticides (RUP) How a well works crop, soil type, land condition, weather patterns which must be posted for at least 30 days after the records must incorporate aU information required If you could look beneath the surface of your and farming situation. These decisions are especial- end of the restricted-entry interval (REI) or, if there by Title XN of the Federal Food, Agriculture, Con- farm, you likely would find a complex system of ly imponant if you farm in an environmentally sensi- is no REI, for at least 30 days after the end of the servation and Trade Act Subtitle H, Section 1491, rock, sand and gravel aquifers that provide water for tive area with vulnerable water supplies, sinkholes application. Pesticide Record Keeping .• drinking, irrigation and other uses. These are not or highly permeable soils. In many states, aquifer underground "lakes" but more like "sponges" satu- recharge zones are protected with legal setbacks. rated with water that is held in place against gravity Contact your ag chemical dealer or extension agent Recordkeeping requirements for private pesticide applicators by impermeable layers of rock or clay. Your well to determine if your farm or ranch is in a state pesti- Federal Recordkeeping Regulations (Redkp), Worker Protection Standards (WPS), creates a hole through these layers and allows your cide management zone or in a legally protected Michigan Right-to-Farm (RTF) pump to withdraw water from the aquifer. Sur- aquifer recharge area .• Source: Agriculture for a Clean Environment. an organization Data to Record Redkp WPS RTF rounding water seeps back into your well borehole, sponsored by the American Crop Protection Association and refilling the water column for the next pumping. Month/day/year x x Pure water is impossible lO find; nature and man- Time of Application X kind have dissolved all kinds of things into our wa- Pesticide brand/product name x X ter supply. But you can do a lot lO keep your well Well Site Selection Tips Pesticide formulation water safe. • Choose the highest ground available. EPAregistration number x X Checking your well • Locate above the floor level of nearby Active ingredient(s) X Routinely check the grouted seal between the streams or ponds. Restricted-entry interval (REI) X edges of the soil borehole and the pipe ("casing") • Avoid pollution sources (barnyards, septic . systems cesspools). Rate per acre or unit X that forms your well lO ensure it has no cracks. That seal prevents contaminated surface water from • Maintain setbacks from fuel, ag chemicals Crop, commodity, stored product, x X polluting your well. Also make sure the well cap is and fenilizer storage. or site that received the application closed and that the casing of your well has no • Choose a spot where the well can be easily Total amount of pesticide applied X cracks. maintained and serviced, away from Size of area treated X Farming smarter buildings and overhead power lines. Applicator's name X When using pesticides and fertilizers, always Applicator's certification number X maintain safe distances from wells. Store, mix and Location of the application X Method of application Target pest Developed by the Michigan State University Pesticide Education Office, updated llnl95. Pesticide labels Sample pesticide label STATEMENT OF RESTRICTED USE DIRECTIONS FOR USE A PRACnCALTREATMENT ll pesticides intended for sale bear labels • Use classification: CorQcl • doctOf (physician). clinic. Of hospital imme- PESTICIDE It Ia • violation of Federal law to use thi. product clately in case. of suspectad pollOlllng. Explain that in • manner incon.iatent with ". labeling. Do not mandated by law that contain their legal and • Restricted use - requires applicalOr cenifica. the victim has be.n exposed to galactothion and Due to very high toxicity to human •• nd bird •• .ppIy thi. product in • way that will contact work- era or other pe",on •• either directly 01 through delCtlbe hialhe1 condilion. AIt.r first aid Is given take authorized uses and information on how to store, tion to purchase and use victim to clinic Of hospital. If breathing has atopped. For retail sale to and use only by cenilled drttt. Only protaclad handlars may be In the are. .tart artilicial re.pi,ation immediately and m.intain applicators or persons under their direct during aPllllcation. FOI IIl'f requitemllf'lts specific: mix, apply, and dispose of the product and contain- • General use. ApplicalOr cenification not l.I'ItiI doctOi _ Yictim. supervision and only for those uses cov. ered by the cenlfied applicator's certificate. to your St.te reeponaible 'or or Tribe, con.ult pesticide regul.tion. the agency II .. allowed: If patienlla conlCiou •• nd alert, give 2 er. In addition lO labels, manufacturers also provide required or 3 glasses of walef 01 mil< to drink, and Induce v0m- Iting by tOUClllng back 01 throat with tinger. Do not GENERAL DIRECTIONS supplemental labeling, which includes other specif- • Statement of practical treatment: includes first induc. vomiting 01 give anything by mouth to an VIP NO PEST GEL Spray Preparation: To usure • unHonn product. unconscious person. Get medical attention. agitate or shake .11 container. 01 thia product ic use directions. Everyone using pesticides must aid for human exposure II on aldn: Immediately Rush the skin with plenty of ACTIVE INGREDIENT: prior to use. U.e 50 mesh screens 01 equivalent water whila removing contaminated clothing and galactothion (O.~iethyt methyt stotted slIaine", in spr.y system. To prepare lor follow label and labeling instructions . • Precautionary statements: includes worker safety ahoea. See doctor immadi.tely. G./acrorhion i•• n phosphorothiate) 20.9% .praying. 'ill t.nk to 1/2 the needed volume 01 water. Add the requirad amounl of this in.ecticide o'ganophosph.te PfI.ticide thBt inhibit. related isomers 1.1% Pesticide labels and labeling contain specific rules, environmental hazards, endangered spe- c:ho/iI»stBrasa. INERT INGREDIENTS: ~ and mix thoroughly by mechanical 01 hydraulic agitation. FlnlSl'l filling tank wtlh water to desorad " Inhaled: Remove to fresh ail. II not breathing give information which constitutes the legal parameters cies, physical hazards and this statement: "KEEP attifx:ial respiration. Get medicalatlenlion. Total 100.00% volume .nd lhoroughly mix. Do no! atore apr.y mixture for prolonged period •. " tank mixe. ere II In eyea: Hold eyelids open and Rush With a .teady for pesticide use. Labels and product information OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN" atream of wafllf lot .t least 15 lfinu1es. Get medical Net Content.: 5 Gilloni to be usad, VIP Pest. No must be lully dllpltrsed In .. at.r first. 'ollowed by addition 01 the intended EPA Rag. No. 12345.tO EPA Eat. 56787-cO. .n....tion . 00 NOT USE MIXTURES may contain the following: • General information about the pesticide tank.mix m.teriel. THAT CURDLE. PRECIPITATE OR BECOME Note to Ptlyalclan VIP Chemical Company GREASY. Trade name, common name, chemical name, • Information on storage and disposal of the pesti- Antidota - administer elo .... .tropine di-.ullate TWO to Four mg. intrevenousty 01 intramuseu- in 'erge 2527 VIP Drive Note: 00 no! add VIP Pell-No to wat ... With pH I.ny .. soon a. cyanosit is overcome Repeat .t 5 to values below 3.0 or above 8.5. formulation, EPAregistration number, amount of cide and container to minute intarv.l. unl~ aogn. 01 atropinization Biarspond. MI 22315 active ingredient per unit, and net contents of • Application procedures: May include equipment, appear. 2.PAM Chloride is also antidotal .nd may be .dmini.tered In conjunction wtlh .troplne. DO NOT When handlers use closed syslem •• encIosad ~. DIRECTIONS FOR AERIAL OR GROUND SPRAY APPUCATION GIVE MORPHINE OR TRANQUIUZERS. the package. volume, pressure requirements, weather, adju- Galactothion is •• trong choline.te .... inhibitor or alraalt in a maMar that ~t. hted in the Work.r Protection Standard (WPS) 101 \ha requirements Application timing: Begin appllcabon when insect popul.tion. reach economic threshold levels. aftecling the central .nd peripheral nervou. aystem • Manufacturer or formulator name, address and tele- vants, mixing, cleaning and field preparation and produCIng cardiac .nd respiralOf}' depression. At agricultural pesticide' (40 CFR 170.24O(d)(4-611. the h.ndler PPE requirements may be reduced or mod~ Consult the Ellanaion Service. professional con. .ullanta or other qu.lilied authorities to deter. nrsl a;gn of pulmonary adama. the patient ahould be phone number, and EPAestablishment number. • Pests controlled given aupplemental oxygen .nd Ire.led Symptomall- fiad .. specllled in the WPS. mina appropriate threshold levels for treatmenlln your .rea. cally. COI'tinued .bsOrpbon of the poison may occur • Required Signal words and precautionary state- • Specific use recommendations including: maxi- .nd tatal ,.lap ... have been reportad atter lnitia' u_ Safety R~lUrloM Applicaloon Inatrucloona: Apply. ilhad spnIy volume of 2 gallon. per acre by air or minimum lin- ~. VERY CLOSE SUPERVISION OF THE Us ... should wash hands berore eating. dnnk. 5 gellons per ac" by ground unless otherwls. ments by toxicity category: mum allowable rate, timing, crop and pest life PATIENT IS INDICATED FOR AT LEAST 48 HOURS. ing. chewing gum. using tobacco. 01 using Ihe toilet. Remove clothing immediately II peaticide directad under Clop apectlic directions For bell reeulta. " i. importanl to obtain thorough and uni- • Class I - Danger-Poison: includes skull and stage, rotational restrictions, minimum number PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS gets inside. Then W.sh thOroughly and put on clean clothing. Remove PPE immedl.tely .lter lorm .pray cover.ge 01 Ihe plant. Use higher TO HUMANS (I DOMESTIC ANIMALS) dosage rates lor heavy inte.tations. large larvae. crossbones; poisonous if swallowed. Do not of days between last application and harvest HAZARDS DANGER: F.laI" abSOItled through akin. '.laI W swal. handling tht. product. Wash the outsIde 01 Ihe gloves before removing. 01 dense lol>age. The apecillc length ot control depends Ot\ environmental IBCIOfS. plant growth. breathe vapor. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or • Reentry interval, and/or restricted entry interval lowad •• nd polaonou. vapora 01 1P'8Y ",.\. II inhaled. 00 not breathe 00 no! 1181on skin or clothing. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS do&ag. rale, .nd degr .. 01 insect in'estatoon Tha ~tiCide is highly toxle to aquatoC Invertebral .. on clothing. • Preharvest Interval May be orrlt.lIng to eyea .nd m.y cau .. mild .kin • en.itozatlon. Keep .w.y 'rom domellic .nimal •. and wlldl"e. Birda in t".tad .re •• m.y be killad . Shrimp .nd olhef .quatic Ofganisms may be klIled .t • Class II . Warning: may be fatal if swallowed. • Reference to Federal Worker Protection Standard o.KOntll1U' use " .nergic .. action occurs. Slgne .nd e~om. ot OY .... xpoaur. recommended application ratea. 00 not contaminata AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS water by cleaning 01 equipment 01 dlspocaJ of .... t... Uae thl. product only in .ccordance with ill Do not breathe vapors. Do not get in eyes, on of 1992 Salnl.lion. muscle lI.mora. nause .. w.tery ayes. ddl~ ClJJty brealhlng. vomiIIng. ponpoint eye pupila, exces. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL HAZARDS labeling .nd with Ihe Wo"'.r Protection Standard. 40 CFR parl 170. Thi. Standard con- skin, or on clothing. • Reference to State Management Plans for sive .weatlng. di.rrhe •• blurrad vlalon, .bdominal cramp •. weakness. headache. Do no! use 01 use or .tore near ha.t Of open name. Not "Of.~ In or .round .". home . 101 taltIs requirements fOi the protection of agricultlJ(- • f wo"'e .. on farm •• 'ore$t •• nurs.rles .• nd • Class III - Caution: Harmful if swallowed. Avoid Groundwater Protection greenhou ..... nd handllIf8 ot agncullufal pa.to- PERSONAL PROTECnVE EQUIPMENT cldea. It conl.inl requirementl lor trainIng. breathing vapors. Avoid contact with skin. For detailed information on specific label (PPE) KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN decontamln.tion. noliflc.lIon •• nd emergency • Class IV- Caution. No caution statement re- requirements refer to MSU Extension Bulletin E- Soma materlela th.t .re chemic.1 reai".nt product .... ialad belOw. If you want mOIW opt;on.. toI- to thi • DANGER n POISON • ssi.tance. It .lso contam. specollCin.trucloon • .nd exception. per1aining 10 the II.lements on quired. 2195 .• low the instrud>onl'or category G on an EPA ~ caJ resistance category .eIection ch.rt. Applicaton and ou.er ~ tmm_r: PELIGRO W this label about pe .. onal proteclive equipment (PPE). notilication-to-wOllcera •• nd "IlroCtad- entry intervals. The raquorementa in thi. box only eoveraaa CNef Iong-IIMw IIhIrl & long panta apply to use. of thI. product thet are CXI\Ieracl by 51 U.ted no enllende .. etlquete, buaque Obtaining pesticide applicator certification Chernic:aknistant vttron gloves IUdl .. barrier Iaminale Of e .Igulan pllrII .. Ia expllque • Uated en detllli. (If you do nol underltend lhl. the WorIc8I' Protection St.ndard. Do not enter ..... «bing or .lIow worker .ntry onto lre.led int"".1 (REI) 01 P Chemicakewtant 'ootwear pl .. aock8 the rastrictad-anlry urchasers and applicators of restricted-use Recenification is required every three years Protaclive ayewear label, find aomeone to expl.ln It to you 48 houra. The REI Is 72 houra in outdoor ..... Chemical-r_tant hted9M' lot ovemaad ellpOtUfM In detell.) __ the ave~ .nnual rainlal Is .... than 25 pesticides must comply with the cenification and may be obtained by one of two methods. The Chemlcal.rallatant apron when cleaning equipment. Inc:hes • yaM. mixing. Of Ioedw>g PPE requlrad.or •• ny entry to treated are .. thet requirements of the 1994 Michigan Natural Resourc- applicator may study a training manual (bulletin E- Rnpntor with aither .n 0fll8"Ic vapor • ...--,ng car. STORAGE AND OCSPOSAL Is permltlad under the Worker Prolection tndg' with • prefilter .pprovad 'Of pellocidea PROHIBmONS: Do not contamlnalll wa18r. food Standard .nd thetlnvolves contact With .nyIhlng es and Environmental Protection Act as amended 2195) and pass an examination, or attend classes (MSHA/NlOSH approved '01 approval prefix TC-23C) Of • caniater pnticicIea (MSHNNIOSH approval run- 01 leed by lIor.ge or d,aposal. 00 nol lIore unoer condoliona which rn91l ac:IveneIy ."act the the' h •• been treated, .uch as pgnl •• aoll. 01 waler. is: containa, or Its ablIty to funCtIon propeny. (P.A. 451), Pan 83 and detailed in Regulation 636 accredited by MDA for continuing education credits berTC-t4G) Discard clothing .nd other .Ilaorbenl materlela that STORAGE: 00 nglllOfe _ tarrpIIan of 11' F. - COV8falb CNfJr Iong-lleeved ""rl & long pants - d.,emlcal-resl.lanlloolwNr plus lOCks "Pesticide Applicators." This requires studying train- and obtain sufficient credits for the specific ....... been d1enched 01 heavily oontamInatad with thie product'. concentr.le. 00 not r__ them. Follow CONTAINER _ ..... DISPOSAL: Triple ",.. Never reuae empty (or eqlivalent). Then 011. - - protective eyewNI chemical-reaillanl headge ... ing manuals prepared by Michigan State University category. Both methods ensure that additional manlAactur ..... InstruClIona lor cleaning and maorcain- Extension and passing an examination administered information was provided to applicators in the safe ing PPE. II no euctI inatructlona lot w .. habIee, use da\argllnl and tool ... ter. Keep and wash PPE Mpll- 101 recyclIng Of reconditioning. 01 P