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DETROIT, sum 8, ' 1884.

 

 

THE HQUSEHQLDmngmpplem‘émit.

 

 

A LOOKER—ON.

 

Yes, ’tis a merry sight, these happy girls,

Their frank eyes sparkling underneath their curls,
Moving with lightsome steps as gracefully

As sunny waves upon a summer sea,

And giving many a smile and Witching glance

To those blest swains who lead them in the dance.

And yet it makes me sad—it does in truth; .

I seem to see the shadow of my youth

Dancing among them. gayest of the gay—-

The youth, alas! forever fled away-

The youth that 1, grown old in grief and years,

Sit here to night and mourn with unshed tears.

For though we women strive ourselves to cheat

Into believing autumn blooms are sweet,

Too well we know the loveliest of them

Have but the scentless beauty of a gem;

And, sooth, we’d give them all Without regret

To pluck one fragrant, spring-born violet.
—Margarel Eytinge.

____.__._..-____ ,

THE FARMER’S GARDEN.

 

By the working of the same principle
under which the shoemaker’s children go
barefoot, farmers, with every appliance
at their hand, rarely have a good kitchen
garden. Possibly after the spring field
crops are all in, aman may, as a great
concession to his wife's “notions,” and
with the inward conviction that it is “all
blamed nonsense,” graciously consent to
plow up the “garden,” and put in a few
rows of sweet corn, some onions, and a
few peas and beans, with no particular
care as to varieties, and no pains what-
ever to secure a succession. The seed
once in the ground his whole duty is done,
save for an occasional half day when he
has no especial work for the hired man,
and sends him to “hoe out the garden.”
The result is a bountiful crop of weeds
and a few half-grown vegetables, and at
the end of the season the deluded man is
more than ever convinced that a good
garden is a luxury for “bloated bond-
holders” only. He can reason clearly
enough that if his cornfield is not pro-
perly cultivated, the returns will be pro-
portionally small, but when it comes to
the garden it is a foregone conclusion that
garden “truck” should grow itself.

The farmer’s excuses for this neglect to
provide seasonable vegetables are usually

. two in number: he “hasn’t got timeto

putter,” and he can “buy such stuff
cheaper than he can raise it.” If a man’s
purpose in farming is to carry out that
now famous Illinois programme of raising
corn to feed swine to buy land to raise
corn to feed more swine to buy more
land, &c., he probably will not be able to
see the propriety of securing a good liv-
ing for himself and family as he goes

 

along. We are coming to understand
more and more that the gospel of good
food tends to promote that other gospel,
of good will to men; in other words, that
good living keeps a man healthy and con-
sequently goodrnatured. A man with
dyspepsia is worse than a turbaned Turk
in temper, and it would give a goat the
dyspepsia to live on bread, meat, pota-
toes, and pie and cake, the year round, as
so many do. The man who “ hasn’t
time” to make and tend a garden says he
has not time to attend to one of the most
important of duties, his own health and
that of his family. We are vegetarians
by nature; the race was born in a garden.
The fresh vegetable food of spring, the
“greens ” and salads, are nature’s anti-
dote to the biliousness and torpidity of
liver engendered by the winter’s diet of
greasy meats, buckwheat cakes and mince
pie. The system craves the change of
food, the jaded appetite is stimulated,
healthy food gives healthy blood, of
which comes strength and vigor. The
man who “hasn’t time ” should not add
an untruth to his shortcomings, he should
say frankly that in his haste to make
money he has no time for considerations
of health. Yet it is true that more than
one man who renders this time-worn ex-
cuse, wastes hours enough telling stories
over the fence or gossiping with a neigh-
bor, to keep a half-acre garden as
“neat as a new pin ” the year round. The
half days when he goes to town ‘on slight
occasion might count to better purpose in
the garden.

As for the other excuse, that he can buy
vegetables cheaper than he can raise
them, we beg leave to differ. If the gar-
den is arranged so that it can be cultivated
with a horse, as it should be, the cost of
caring for a half acre in vegetables is but
a trifle more than that of the same area in
any other crop which must be tended
with hoe and cultivator. The extra ex-
pense would not at a most liberal estimate
exceed five dollars. Five dollars for all
the fresh vegetables for the season! Like
the soap of the advertisement, it is
“ cheaper than dirt.” Moreover, we are
going to have yet another profit from that
half acre. It is conceded that a good
garden is one-fourth of a family’s living.
Credit the garden with one-fourth the
living expenses in a garden-less year, and
see if you do not owe it something when
the balance sheet is struck. The flour,
meat, butter, eggs and groceries that you
don't eat when you have vegetables, will

in nine cases out of ten pay for the ex-
pense of cultivation, not to mention the

 

benefits of a healthful, plentiful and
varied diet.

Acertain grim humor attaches to that
second excuse, too. A man professes his
willingness to buy “garden sass” when
his nearest village is from three to six or
eight miles away, and no vegetables in
market when he gets there! Country
towns, where every village resident has a
little bit of land which is made to help
out the cuisine, are remarkably barren of
both fruits and vegetables, and prices are
often higher than in the neighboring
city. Moreover, when it comes to an ac—
tual expenditure, “the shoe’s on the other
foot,” and the holder of the family purse
gravely inquires: “ What’s the use of
buying such stuff when we can raise it
right at home?” Between the buying be-
cause it is cheaper, and the raising it be
cause it takes money to buy it, the family
table is decked with few vegetables. But
even where vegetables can be bought,
there is a noticeable difference betwen the
fresh, crisp, dewy article, and that which
is wilted and stale through handling and
exposure in the market, a difference both
in flavor and healthfulness.

Every housekeeper knows what a con-
stant tax upon her invention and re
sources it is to provide the inevitable
three meals per diem, and so vary them
that the appetite is piqued and the palate
pleased. A garden is a godsend to the
cook;,it saves her both work and worry.
Instead of baking her brains over a stove
making pies, cakes and the eternal dough-
nut in the tropical July and August days,
when the air outside fairly scintillates
with heat and the air inside is ten times
hotter, she gets a breath of fresh air as
she gathers plethoric peas and beans,
husks the nutritious sweet corn, and
hunts out the yellowest “ Golden Neck.”
There is a virtuous consciousness of well
doing in every woman’s heart as she sum<
mons her family to a dinner which she
knows does her credit, which it is a hus-
band’s duty to foster and encourage. A
good garden is a great incentive to good
housekeeping. and only women know how
much trouble and annoyance it saves.

Nor are these accruing benefits cmfined
to summer alone. Lima beans and sweet
corn “ furnish fitly forth” the winter’s
table; peas and string beans may be can-
ned, the autumnal squash will give us
pies in December; parsnips, salsify and
cabbage lengthen out the fall and begin
the spring, while beets, onions and tur«
nips “ chink in ” through the season, giv-
ing that variety which we rightly name
“good livin 5.” Now let the men who of_

 


    

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
 
  
 
  
  
 
   
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
   
 
  
  
 
 
     
 
  
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
   
   
   
  
  
 
     
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
 

    

A a child’s love of the beautiful.

2 THE HOUSEHOLD.

 

fer the time-honored excuses before men-
tioned omit them for 1884, and try an ex

periment. Set off a piece of land ade-

quate to the size of the family, where it
may be tilled with a one horse cultivator,
plant at the proper season w1th seeds from
a reliable grower—not the venerable
stock of the corner grocery,—give atten'
tion to providing a succession of crops,
and see that the young plants have “ a
fair show.” Keep an account of the cost
of every seed planted, e ry hour’s work,

every atom of fertilizer a plied; and con-
versely, credit the garden with what it
yields you at the market price of such
commodities. Or, as before suggested,

give credit for one- f-ourth the living ex-
penses of the family, estimating those
things you would have to buy if you did
not raise them. If the garden does not
balance up to suit as regards a money
profit, let the excellence of the family
table turn the scale. Try it. It won’t
hurt anybody, and you may get some new
ideas.

 

SCHOOL GROUNDS.

 

The advent of the springtime gives oc-
casion to again call attention to the bare,
bleak, desolate appearance of the grounds
surrounding many of our country school-
houses. While many of them are a
source of’honest pride to the community
where they are situated, and many more
of our schoolhouses are very decent and
comfortable, yet many of the latter class
are shamed by their neglected surround-
ings. The yards are in many instances
far too small, and offer the best excuse
for using the highway as a play ground
for the pupils.

Large or small, the yards are often un-
graded and undulating, as left by nature-
or former cultivation, here ahillock, and
there a hollow , very often a depression of
greater or less extent about the entrance
to the house, where children have to pass
through a pool of water after every rain.
Thistles, mullein, burdock and other
noxious weeds exercise right of “ eminent
domain ” over the greatest extent of the
grounds; the grass, if any ever finds foot-
hold, is never cut, and with the weeds
succumbs only to the frost king, when in
ragged disarray they nod their protest to

the blast.

There is frequently no woodhouse, or
but a shabby apology for one. The out
buildings are in a shameful state of filth
and dilapidation; sometimes without
doors, open to the scrutiny cf passers-by
or of impish urchins.

Not a tree to give pleasure to the eye,
or afford shade from the blazing sun
rays; not a shrub or flower to minister to
This pic
ture is true to nature, and exists in many
localities where beautiful homes abound,
highly cultivated farms, forming a strong
contrast with the surroundings of the
“ temple of learning.

The ready excuse for this state of
things is that children are so dcst1uctive,
that it is no use to “fix things up" about
the schoolhouse. Then why do you fix
things up around your own home, and

destruction? Oh! it is not your children,

it is those little reprobates of your neigh-

bor’s! Ah, me! it is always some other

family that owns the “ bad boys.”

Well, my friend, I believe you are mis-

taken in thinking it so utterly impossible

to- preserve order and thrift on the school

grounds. It is at least worth a fair trial.

Don’t wait for director or other officer to

inaugurate reform, you are each one as

much interested as they. Of course

some one has to take the lead, so start out

at once, see the ofiicers and asmany more

as you conveniently can, fix a day,——with

an understanding that if that day prove
stormy, you will meet another stated
time,—take your team, with plow, drag
and scraper. Go to work with a well de‘

fined plan, grade the yard level, with
proper arrangements for drainage; then
seed thick with good lawn grass.

See that the outhouses are clean, and
placed in good repair, put at a good dis-
tance from the house and properly screen-
ed from observation by a close, high
fence, or thick growth of evergreens.
See that you have a good woodhouse,
well stocked with dry wood in the proper
season. Plant trees, not in formal lines,
but in picturesque groups or singly, and
in variety. Place stout protecting frames
around them, and interest the children by
planting trees in their names. Allow
them to take slips of their favorite
shrubs or perennial flowers and see
them nicely planted. Then make
a rule that the teacher be required
to look after the safety of the property,
and give him the support of
parental authority in carrying out the
rule. Teach your children at home that
‘these things must be respected, and show
your good will by an occasional visit, and
give them a little generous personal
care.

These things will tend to elevate and
refine the morals of your children, while
the opposite will as surely lower and de-
base their sensibilities. There are many
cases where parents wiil send children to
school where the condition of things is
so bad they would blush to tol-
erate it at home; yet when the natural
result of congregating so large a number
of children together, with their varied
natural proclivities, becomes apparent in
their boisterous, bold manners, they won-
der what has caused the change. A. L. L.

GREENFIELD.
—.——.—.—Q————

WORDS OF APPROVAL.

 

May I become one of the members of
this family, for I believe the family con-
stitutes the Household; and after reading
the article in the issue of March 25th, by
Mollie Moonshine, I determined to try
my ability to write a few lines for our lit-
tle paper. I think we can truly say “our”
paper, as it is confined to the wants and
demands of the wife and mother.

We have taken the MICHIGAN FARMER
for two years prior to this, and as our
time expired we were going to send on
again for it. I urged the objection that I
would rather take the Detroit Free Press,
on account of the Household Supple-

cluded the best was the cheapest, and
that was certainly the FABMER; and when
the first number came, imagine my sur-
prise to find that little sheet so carefully
folded within! I could keep still no longer.
So after reading the urgent solicitations
for the farmers’ wives to help support it,
I felt as though I must give if I received.
Seeing the inquiry of Tom’s Wife for a
recipe for making hop yeast bread, I will
say I make excellent yeast bread, but as
my recipe is so nearly like E. S. B.’s, I
will recommend her to try that. ' Fearing
this W111 be doomed to the waste basket,
I will apologize by saying it is my first at-
tempt at writing for a paper. Shall it be
the last? SARACENECE.
COURTLAND, March 25th.
[Not if you will accept an invitation to
come again.—HOUSEI{OLD EDITOR]
_____.._._.___

“GOOD BREAD” AGAIN.

 

’ It is Tom’s Wife this time, who wants
to know how to make good bread, and
she is referred to E. S. B.’s article in a
recent issue. If she follows that recipe I
know her bread will be satisfactory, but
let me whisper in your ear, all that fuss
is quite unnecessary. Ilong ago reduced
that recipe to the following proportions:
Scald your yeast jar, and into it put three
tablespoonfuls of flour, two of sugar and
one of salt. Stir thorOughly and add
enough boiling water to make a stiff bat-
ter. Boil a dozen and a half large pota-
toes until they fall to pieces, drain the
water in which they were boiled into the
jar, mash the potatoes and add them and
enough cold water to make two gallons
of the mixture. When lukewarm add
four yeast cakes. They will soften in a
few minutes; give one final stir and set in
a warm place to rise. If your yeast cakes
are good, the yeast will be “ as light as a
feather ” in six hours. Set in a cool place.

When ready to bake take one pint of
yeast for every lo'af, using no other liquid.
In cold weather sponge over night. In
the morning knead until fine grained, put
in bake pans, set in a warm, not hot,
place to rise. If well baked this bread
will be uniformly good. In warm weather
knead the bread in the morning, without
any preliminary sponging.

If however “Ephraim is joined to his
idols,” and insists upon bread which has
taken the greater part of two days‘for its
manufacture, Tom’s Wife can do no
better than to carefully study the chapter
on bread making, in Marion Harland‘s

“ Common Sense in the Household.”
L.
CLIMAX. March 26th.

—_—o—.—.-——-—-

HOP YEAST BREAD.

 

I would in reply to Tom’s Wife give my
recipe for hop yeast bread, which will be
good every time. I make my yeast in this
way. Boil 12 good sized potatoes with a
handful of hops tied in a bag, mash fine
and put them through acolander, add the
potato water and enough from the tea-
kettle to make two quarts. Add one-half
cup white sugar, the same of salt, one
tablespoonful of ginger, one cup of yeast

 

 

how do you manage to keep thém from

ment, but after due deliberation, we con-

after it has become cool: set in a warm


 
  

l'UVHWl—I‘"

W

    

 

THE HOUSEHOLD. 3

 

place to rise, then put in a tight jar and
set in acool place. To set the bread: For
three loaves boil three or four potatoes,
mash them fine and run them through the
colander, add the potato water and enough
warm water to make three pints; add one
tablespoonful of salt, stir thinly with
flour and set in a warm place to rise. Do
this at noon. At night stir stifi with
flour, in the morning mix into a solid
mass with flour, and knead upon the
board one-half hour. Set to rise in a warm
place, then separate into loaves, kneading
very lightly and just enough to shape;
bake from one-half to three-fourths of an
hour in a moderate oven.

If you have fresh yeast and good flour
your bread will be always alike, moist,
sweet, and good enough for the most
fastidious. ANNA.

NAPOLEON, March 27th.

_____._.-.————

MATTERS 0F MOMENT.

 

Ye Editor shuts the door in my face by
saying, “We will hear from some of our
hop-yeast bread makers, etc.,” but, for all
that, I’ll knock at the door and await the
result. Now, why is it all hop yeast? If
everybody used that kind, or all the
farmers’ families used it, or even a major
ity of the farmers, I should not be slow to
understand, but my experience in board-
ing ’round and the like is not such.
There is poor bread and poor bread, and I
have yet to learn that hop yeast is always
good and salt rising (or natural rising)
always poor, or vice 'versa. Last night
about six o’clock I poured a half-pint of
warm water into a pitcher, added a pinch
of salt, thickened with flour and set in a
kettle of warm water on the oven. This
morn I warmed the water, stirred and
warmed the emptyings, and in an hour or
so they were ready to make the sponge,
for which I used only warm water and a
little salt, all so easily and quickly done,
and I don’t believe E. S. B. has whiter,
sweeter or more nutritious bread than
were those three loaves. Since nature has
provided all that is required, why add
more? Poor flour needs coaxing with
hop yeast, “lightning,” etc., but good
flour will do its own work without the
forcing process. Many women have
trouble with bread because the supply of
flour is kept too warm. I know this be-
cause I have one of those adjustable flour
boxes in my own pantry which is simply
perfect in its way, but experience has
taught me that a pantry that is warm
enough for milk is too warm for flour for
bread, so I keep the bread supply in a
barrel in the store-room, and have that
for other purposes in the pantry. One
drawer of this receptacle is devoted to
prepared flour, which I consider indis-
pensable for quick biscuit, chicken pie’
dumplings, steamed puddings and the
like. One of my neighbors makes as nice
hop yeast bread as I ever saw, but she
never seems free from the care and
thought of it, and as soon as one batch is
baked begins to make preparations for the
next. Her husband said to me, not long
since: “Bell didn’t make as good bread
for a' while as Martha (his first wife) used
to, but I told her more time and attention

 

must be given to the matter, and now it is
all right.” Poor girl! she’s a slave to
making bread for that family of seven,
and sometime ere long I shall feel like
scribbling on her tombstone, “ Died of
bread making.” (If, indeed, she has a
tombstone, though the first wife is not
thus remembered.)

A sturdy six-year—old son ,of that father
was necessarily detained in our home to
dinner one day, but, for all my urging,
he would not even taste a mouthful of
bread. and only said, “ No, ma’am, I
don’t eat salt rising bread” ; but even at
that age his ideas of hospitality were such
that he would not add what I afterward
learned was the reason, “ My pa says salt
rising bread isn’t fit to eat,” but not every
youngster follows his “pa’s” example as
this one did. Just so we influence our
children, and who can tell the result? I
often think I shall pity the wives of that
family of boys. Last spring a bride said,
“Oh, I just dread to go to housekeeping
on account of making bread. Will don’t
eat anything but hop yeast and I’m so
afraid I shall fail for I’ve never been used
to that.” I very well knew she would do
her best, but I guessed from his style that
a failure would not be readily overlooked.
I've no patience with those men who re-
quire everything served just so; sick or
well, hot or cold, in season and out of
season, they must have a certain thing for
a certain meal. One neighbor will have
cookies to soak in his tea or coffee three
times a day. Another, with an invalid
wife, will not eat cold bread; only hot
biscuit, gems, or pancakes are ever placed
on the table.

That article from the pen of Beatrix is
excellent. I endorse every word of it ex-
cept, perhaps, what she says about our
not enjoying a guest’s visit unless there is
pie or cake in the house. Are we
“cowards” because we conform to cus-
tom? Is it not said that “ custom makes
law?” There is no need, when people are
well, that a woman’s cupboard should be
like Mother Hubbard’s. neither will a
women of sense be foolishly extravagant.
Some women will drag their housework
along till “ ten o’clock at night” and even
later, and those who do might as well fry
cakes as anything else. When she says
“I have memorized poems while paring
potatoes,” etc., I am interested at once,
for I so often do likewise, and a pencil
and paper are always at hand. It is well
to catch these bright thoughts, for they
oft take to themselves swift wings. Not
boastingly, but in support of her theory,
Imay add that a sudden “inspiration,”
when in the midst of the Monday wash-
ing not many weeks ago, was thus written
down, with but little delay to the work,
which received a prize over all other com-
petitors; and, that being the case, it evi-
dently did not carry an aroma of “ suds ”
to the editorial sanctum; but, waiting un-
til arrayed in “good clothes” and with
well sharpened pencil, I might have
wooed the muse in vain.

I have been a reader of this particular
Household but a little time, but would
like to join if I am welcome, and, in clos-
ing, cannot do better than to quote the
words of Mollie Moonshine: “I will sign

 

 

my old nom de plume, which may not be
strange to some of the Household readers
though never before seen in its
columns. ‘ EL SEE.

Wxsflmerox, Mich.

[El See’s ‘nom de plume is recognized by
the Household Editor, at least, and she is
indeed very welcome]

“- . _.._._...——.-—.

FOR THE PLANTS.

In the Household of March 11, I noticed
an article from Mellesenda in regard to
white worms in her plant dishes, saying
she has had to repot most of her plants. I
will give my experience in taking care of
house plants. These white worms and
green flies once annoyed me so that I was
almost persuaded to give up my plants,
of which I have one hundred and twenty.
But I adopted a way we had of doing
when at home in England. I take about
two quarts of fine soot, put it into a bag
made of any old thin cotton cloth, place
this in a pan and pour boiling water over
it; let it stand for use. For a sprinkler
that holds one gallon, put one teacupful
of the soot water into it, fill the sprinkler
with water and use upon the plants, and
you will be surprised at the result. It
may not kill all the first time, but use it
twice a week. It is a fertilizer as well as
a fly destroyer. If the worms are numer
ous, sprinkle fine soot on the top of the
pot, and by sprinkling the plants the
strength of the soot will go down and kill
all the worms. Be careful not to use too
much, say one teaspoonful of fine soot to
each pot; the soot water in time will kill
all. It is six years ago since I commenced
to use it, and I have not seen a green fly
nor a white worm. It will also destroy
the mealy bug. I have plants in bloom
all winter. I read L. C.’s article with
pleasure, but there is one thing I do not
like in using tobacco smoke on plants,
and that is it will kill the buds most of
the time. .

We have been readers of the MICHIGAN
FARMER for a number of years; think now
it is complete with the new Household.
It is a welcome guest. How much I like
it! A FARMER’s WIFE.

LANSING, Mich.

 

 

NOTES ON BACK NUMBERS.

 

The time of the singing of birds has
come, and the voice of the robin is heard
in the land. Snowdrops and crocuses are
each trying which shall be the first to pro-
claim that spring is here, and “ God hath
remembered the world.” Truly there is
much in life upon the farm to compensate
for its isolation.

It is very pleasant to think that the
Household is read sometimes in far away
California, but for a resident of the city
of “St. Francis,” is not H. G. rather
mixed in his theology?

With regard to the unexpected guest
spoken of by A. H. J ., that never troubles
me in the least. I always have a good
time with uninvited company, because I
give them just what we happen to have,
be it much or little, and take it for grant-
ed they came for a visit, not for a meal:
but I‘freely admit this state of equability


 

,~,-_4..._......, _,,. .. .i

 

'4. THE HOUSEHOLD.

 

 

has only been attained by force of circum-
stances and within the last few years. It
would be well. I think, if we could all
bear in mind that “Martha" was not re
proved for “ serving,” but for the “much
serving.” There lies the solution of the
whole difficulty, to my mind at least.

But I really must close, for here comes a
whole flock of blackbirds, and I feel it my
duty to enjoy them and their company.

Mas. W. J. G.
HOWELL.

”M

FLOWERS .

 

Seeing the article in the Household of
March 18th, entitled “Flowers for the
Farm," I feel prompted to write a word.
While the March winds are lifting the
snow in amantle of vapor, and hiding the
sun, and making a time of general muddy
“' disagreebleness,” I comfort myself with
the thought that

“ The flowers that i'ily sleep and dream
Within the frost-bound sod,
Shall wake ere long by vale and stream,
To wear the smile of God.”

I never see a bright or delicate blossom,
with its wonderful workmanship, without
being reminded of our Father’s love for
us; and each variety expresses to me a
new thought of the great creative mind.

My little boy at six years of age, after
gazing intently at a bed of brilliant zin-
nias, came in with face aglow, exclaim-
ing “Mama, do the flowers smile at me
when I smile at them?" I wish we were
all more childlike in retaining our lunate
love for the beautiful; then the flowers
would teach us not only to be bright and
cheerful, but to be pure and perfect.

And now let me tell you how I made a
mound for my gladiolas. After raking
the doorvard litter into a heap, I cut
some sod eight inches wide, and set it
around the pile, then filled the top in
with soil from the chipyard four inches
deep; and the first of May planted the
bulbs, and could you have seen the tall
spikes, with their brilliant colors of varied
hues, you would have said “A thing of
beauty is a joy forever.”

If any readers of the Household wish a
few choice gladioli bulbs at eight cents

each, I will mail them post-paid before

the end of April, upon the receipt of
stamps. Mas. C. F. MORSE.
Fxnunas’ CREEK, Lapeer Co.

_—..+.-———

EASY BREAD MAKING.

 

May I count myself hereafter as one of
this Household band? I have been an in-
terested reader for some time. and I think
our little paper grows better every week.

I want to tell you our way of making
bread. We make a yeast by boiling and
washing twelve good sized potatoes, then
adding one quart of boiling and one quart
of cold water. Take three tablespoonfuls
of flour and make into one pint of cooked
starch, and put in while hot. When cool
enough not to scald, add three tablespoon-
fuls of salt, three of sugar, and one yeast
cake (we use National yeast,) and set in a
warm place until light. This will make
over a gallon. Take as much of this
yeast as you want for a baking. mix in
flour and mould at once into loaves and

let it rise, and I think you will be pleased

 

with the. result. It is an easy way of
baking, as there is no sponge to see to,
and but one mixing.

The subject of an educated housekeeper
has been pretty thoroughly discussed, but
I will simply give my opinion, that if one
wants to be a good housekeeper, educa-
tion will not prevent them from becom-
ing one.

No more this time, or you will weary of
so long a letter, even from a

FRIE ND.
NonanL, March 28th.

.———o—.—o————-

HOUSE HOLD HINTS.

 

AN exchange says that if the pretty pink
ginghams now so much worn by children,
are dipped in water with enough vinegar
in it to give a sour taste, the pink will be
brighter than if rinsed in water alone.

A CORRESPONDENT of the Husbandman
gives the following recipe for dyeing

“Turkey redz” “When the cloth is satu.

rated with alum, it is to be placed in a
decoction of madder~root for one hour,
rinsed in clear water, and plunged into a
lye of common soda, and again washed in
clear water.”

A CORRESPONDENT of the N. Y. World
describes a home made receiver for soiled
clothes, which does away with the un-
sightly and awkward clothes basket. She
thus describes it: “The foundation is a
common flour barrel. This is covered on
the inside with paper. The outside is
covered with pretty olive-colored cre-
tonne, flowered in small bright sprays.
The cretonne is laid in box-plaits, extend
ing from top to bottom of the barrel.
The lid of the barrel is covered with cre-
tonne and has a pretty fancy bronzed
handle, shaped like a trunk handle, at-
tached to the middle, by which to lift
it. Around the cover is a full box-plait'
ing of cretonne. Any one who wishes to
put additional work upon it can improve
the appearance of the receiver by arrang-
ing a tasty lambrequin of olive-colored
felt around the top of the barrel. This
can be embroidered and pinked around
the edges, or cut in large fancy points and
finished with tassels of worsted in colors
to match those in the cretonne.”

 

THE Boston Traveler says: “Ribbon-
decked bamboo frames are pretty and use-
ful contrivances for holding the current
literature of the day, but every woman
knows that every man, through some 1n-
born perversity peculiar to his kind, is
always liable to demand the immediate
productionof some especial newspaper of
a date more or less remote, and unless
afraid of setting small olive branches an
example of profanity. is too apt to rend
the air with clearly expressed adjectives,
not designed to compliment the mistress
of a house where, etc., etc. Ahappy re-
lief for a housekeeper who does not love
to have three hundred and sixty-five
newspapers upon her sitting-room table
simultaneously, is a box to stand under
desk or table, or, not inappropriately, in
a corner by itself. Take a soap box—it
would be hard to find a paper upon
home-made furnishing that does not in-

 

troduce the inevitable soap box—nail the
top on closely so that it is acomplete box,
and have it sawed in two, diagonally, (let
an expert handle the saw, or mutilation
to box or sawyer may be the result). Line
both sections with thick pink satin paper
and cover the outside with dark felt, put-
ting a row of furniture gimp with brass-
headed nails all around the sawed e’dge.
Put the two parts of the box together with
hinges, and by the aid of screw eyes
fasten slender metal chains on each side
like trunk braces to keep the lid from
falling back. In putting on the hinges let
the bottom piece of the box be the highest
in the back, so that opening is lowest in
front. A little experimenting with
scissors and a paper match box will make
the position clear. No fastening is nec-

essary. ”
~—-—.—4———

SCRAPS.

 

BEECHER deprecates the indignity
which attaches itself to the work which
provides for the bodily necessities of
humanity. He says no work which is
done for the sake of another is ignoble or
degrading. The work we do depends for
its honorable character on the intention
and spirit of the deer; and it is this, the
spirit and thought of the work, which
raises handicraft and manual labor into
an art. He repeats, in effect, old George
Herbert’s oft quoted lines. The highest
type of character must combine with its
high culture and intelligence, the doing
of some work for some loved one.

 

0F course every thoughtful man has
taken a lvantage of the pleasant days we
had in March to throw wide the cellar
doors and windows, and ensure a thor-
ough airing. Decaying vegetables and
fruits.should be removed, and the cellar
“tidied” preparatory to the spring clean—
ing which is to follow the removal of the
seed potatoes, and antedate the transfer
ing of the milk and butter to summer
quarters. Every cellar should have some
means of ventilation; it cannot be other-
wise than unhealthy to have a reservoir
of stagnant air under the house, laden
with the effluvia of decaying vegetable
matter, which permeates the apartments
on the ground floor. Sickness comes of
such inattention to sanitary rules. A
damp cellar is an unhealthy one. Get as
much of the sweet spring air under the
house as possible.

 

QUEER, isn’t it, how much good natur-
ed grumbling a man can do when the
annual house-cleaning comes round! And
yet, would he not do more if it was
omitted? Does not a man enjoy the fresh-
ness and sweetness which follows, as
well as his wife, even though he eats a
“picked up ” dinner under protest?
Some of this grumbling can be avoided if
the housekeeper, instead of tearing the
whole house upside down at once, so that
there is neither a place in it to eat, sleep
or sit down, will take one room at a time,
beginning at the top of the house, and
set it in order before proceeding to the
next. In this way the work is easily and
quietly done, and the terrible fatigue and

W“ ’3


. 1-. x..._—«.. 1‘

meoypmi .t

THE HOUS EH(_.)LD 5

 

perhaps illness, of a vigorous upheaval
and mad hurry to get to rights again is
avoided. Spare your strength and “ take
things easy,” even if you do not keep up
with “the neighbors” in the domestic
procession. The longer I live the more
respect I have for people who never get
in a hurry. Don’t make haste to get the
stoves down and out of the way; we shall
have days when a fire, if only nights and
mornings, will be comfortable, till the
middle of June. And it is agreat mistake
to oblige the whole family to huddle over
the kitchen stove to keep warm. The
children get “the snufiles” and the old
folks the rheumatism, and there’s a note
ajar in the domestic harmony. B.
-————o—.—o—-———

SEVERAL letters which reached us in
time for insertion in last week’s issue
were unavoidably left out. We expect
hereafter to have ample room for all
Household letters, so that none will be de
layed. It is pleasant to find the “ new de-
parture ” so well received, and to note the
many new comers who write for the first
time. To all these we extend a cordial in-
vitation to “come again and come often.”
We ought to make the little paper more
and more valuable and entertaining every
week. To "May,” of Kewanee, Ills., be-
longs the credit of being our first con
tributor outside Michigan; her letter con-
tains much “good round- about common-
sense,” and we hope to see her name
often. We have a long list of subscribers
in adjoining States, and many scattered
all over the country, from the Atlantic to
California. We would be glad to hear
from these, too, as well as many more of
our Wolverine women.

—0+o———

THE March issue of the Lit'iies’ Floral
Cabinet is very attractive. .There} is a
very good illustration of the scarlet
martagon lily, and a view of a fine floral
arch, suitable for lawn ornamentation.
E. D. Sturtevant furnishes an article on
yellow water lilies, and .other floricultur-
a1 subiects are pleasantly handled by
various writers. Home decorations and
spring fashions are given due prominence,
and recipes for the cook are not forgotten.
A specimen copy is sent for six cents.
Address 22 Vesey St., New York City.

——0—.—¢——
Contrlbuted Recipes.

 

Mas. S. SAUNDERS, of Courtland Center,
sends us the following recipe for

NICE WHITE CAKE z—Whites of three eggs;
one cup sugar; one-third cup butter; oneland
two-thirds cups flour; large one—half cup sweet
milk; one teaspoonful baking powder, mixed
with the flour; flavor with lemon or vanilla;
put the whites, beaten to a froth, in the last
thing; bake slow.

 

M. J. H., of Detroit, contributes the follow-
ing recipes:

ORANGE Snonrcxxn. —-Make a short-cake as
if for strawberry or raspberry shortcake. Chop
seven large oranges after paring them, and
use them as you would berries.

BREAKFAST COOKIES. —-One cup of sugar ,
one cup butter; one coffee cup sour buttermilk,
two eggs; one tea3poonful soda; 9. little nut-
meg. Mix just enough to roll easily, and roll
quite thin as they rise very light.

 

 

VICTOR CHURN'

No 1ron or metal of any
kind touches the cream.
With same quality and
quantity of cream will
churn 20 per cent. quicker
and make a better grade of
butter than any other churn
Easy to clean, light \\ ork-
ing. Made in >, 4 and 6 gal-
lon sizes. Satisfaction gnar- -
anteed. Address

H. P. BEUSUHER, 1111111111111, Ullill.

WILSON’S
Cabinet Creamery & Barrel Churn

AND ALL DAIRY SUPPLIES.

 

 

 

The woman s riend. It saves three- fourths of the
labor in butter making; easily operated; you raise
sweet cream from sweet milk , you hav e sweet
milk to feed which trebles its value. Send for a
circular. Agents w anted. Address
= FLL T CABINET CREAMERY 00.,
12-13t FLINTCHIICH.

 

THE

, Fairlamt System

Gathering
cream.

Send for Catalogue to

Davis & Rankin,

SUCCESSORS TO
Davis 1' Fairlamb,
DEALERS IN

UreamerrSupnlies.

24 to 28 Milwaukee Av
Chicago, Ill.

PRICE REDUCED

This cut repre-
sen s a scale that
will weigh from
half an ounce to
2401bs., made by
theChicago Scale
Co. ,and warrant-
ed true. We wi 1
send one of these
scales and the
Farmers for one
year to any ad-

 

 

 

dress for 85.00, cash with order
J OHNSTONE d: GIBBONS. Publishers.

The Weeds Can’t Grow

IF YOU USE

110111111’1 w111111111011.

 

 

E. MOSHER.
Holly, Mich.

$250 AHONTII. mfiuwsflgflgg

lAlgdressJAYB12.0NSON.Dotroit..Micl)

Invented and made only by
Circulars free.

 

 

ONE!‘ GENT

invested in a postal card and addressed as below

WILL

give to the writer full information as to the best
nds 1n the United States now for sale; how he can

BUY

them on the low est and best terms, aiso the full

 

, text of the U. S. land laws and how to secure

320 ACRES

of Government Lands in Northwestern Minnesota
and Northeastern Dakota.

ADDRESS :

JAMES B. POWER,

Land and Emigration Commissioner,

St. Paul, Minn.

STATE
ill
9

 

llllli

’No. 88 Griswold Street

Detroit, - Mich.

_.—_

Organized under the general banking law of the
State Cash capital 8150, 000. Stockholders lia—
ble for another $150, 000, making a guarantee fund
of $300, 000 for depositors.

Four per cent interest, compounded semi- annu-
ally, paid ofl deposits represented by pass books.

On pass book plan deposits made on or before
the 5th of the month draw interest from 1st. If
made after the 5th interest begins 1st of follow-
ing month.

To persons desiring interest to begin immediate-
ly our certificates of deposit bearing interest from
date of deposit commend themselves. They are
Paayable, principal and interest, at end of a stipu-

tcd period, as follows:

2 months at 2 per cent per annum,

3 or 4 months at 4 per cent per annum

6 months at 4 1-2 per cent per annum,

12 months at 5 per cent per annum.

If money is drawn before expiration of period,
no interest paid on amount drawn out.

We keep confidential all business with our cus-
tomers.

Will occupy new Buhl Building next door north
of Post Office as soon as completed
DA VID HAMILTON, Pres’t.
T. S. ANDERSON, Vice—Pres.
ROB T. S. MASON, Cashier.

 

FAY's CELEBRATE!)
WATER- -PROOF

{111mm rooms

a

3

O

a

.-

SRe sembles fine leather- for Roofs, Outside

u alls,and Inside in lace of plaster. (;.Yery
testimo-

a

3

0

stro andd durable. gatalogue with

 

 

Welwil send you awatoh or a chain
DWI e"All Ill EXPRESS. 0.0 D. tobr:
examined before paying any money
and it not satisfactory, returned at
our expense. We manufacture all
our watches and save you 30 per
cent. Catalogue“ of 250 styles free.

Srl’vAllDAwBD ANVERIGAII WATER“ 00.,

PATENT Hand- Book FREE.
R. 8. & A. P. LACEY,
Patent Att'ys, Washington.D. 6.

40 (1884) Chrome Cards, no “like. with name 101:
18 pks..81. GEO. I. REED a CO..Nassau ,NY

 

 

 

 

 


 

6 THE HOUSEHOLD.

 

Women and Umbrellas.
Long-continued observation has con-
vinced us that the welfare of society de-
mands immediate consideration of the
question as to Whether women should be
allowed to carry umbrellas. It may be
urged in defense of continuing the
privilege that to refuse it would be in
violation of the inalienable right of the
pursuit of happiness. But if a woman
gets any happiness out of knocking oflf
people’s hats and gouging out their eyes,
to say nothing of tangling up the points
of the umbrella ribs in the hair of other
women, she ought to be induced either by
moral suasion or legal compulsion to pur-
sue happiness in s3me other way. It is
a well recognized principle that the rights
of one person end where those of another
begin; and sincea woman seems to be
unable to keep her umbrella outside of
the corporate limits of other people, it is
quite evident that she ought to be limited
in the exercise of her right to carry um-
brellas to the Sahara, the alkali plains,
and the Russian steppes. If a woman
were capable of being educated in the
proper carrying of umbrellas there would
be some hope that with the process of
education and development she might
learn to wield her present death-dealing
weapon above the danger-line. But it is
a physicial impossibility. She is born
that way. She can no more carry an um-
brella as it ought to be carried than she
. can throw a stone without those indescrib-
able gyrat-ions, or catch a ball when she
doesn’t wear an apron. It'is too true, but
she must accept the consequences just
as she must accept the consequence of
being unable to throw straight, the in-
evitable consequence of never hitting
anything. This being true, and moral
suasion having failed to bring about the
desired end, nothing remains but to pro-
tect the hats, eyes, and hair of the com-
munity by legal means. And it will be
seen at once that this is a fit subject for
constitutional prohibition. The aim is to
secure a large portion of the community
in the possession of their inalienable
rights of wearing their hats on the tops
their heads and keeping their natural eyes.
—-——-o—.—o——-—

A Valuable Hint.

Harper's Bazar says that when wooden
houses are in process of building, it re-
quires almost no additional cxpense or
pains to see that the hollow shell of the
house is cut off at the level of the floor
joists, and the space between the joists
closed. In this way rats, which may get
into the cellar, are prevented from run-
ning at ease and dragging their plunder
all over the shell of the house from base-
ment to garret, and under every floor,
between the woodwork and the plaster-
ing. This, furthermore, is an important
precaution against the rapid spread of a
fire, since, instead of having free scope to
fly to the roof through the hollow walls.
and spread under every floor, thus en-
veloping the whole house at once almost,
as though a series of fines had been care-

fully arranged to facilitate this very end,
the flames must slowly eat their way
through several cut-offs, unfed by a strong
draught

 

’I‘EE IMPROVED EINEEE SEWING MACHINE!

———:o:—

The “ Michigan Farmer ” One Year and a Machine.
For Only $18.00!

1 We have made arrangements
to have manufactured for'us a
large number of one of the best
Sewing Machines ever in use,
which we shall sell at about
one-third usual prices. Each
machine will be nicel finished
with a Box Cover, a rep Leaf
Table, and Four Drawers, and
will contain a full set of the
latest improved attachments.
This illustration is an exact
representation of the Machine
we send out.

The cut below represents the
“ Head” or machine part of the
Sewing Machine. All parts are
made to gauge exactly, and are
constructed of the very finest
and best material. It is strong,
light, simple and durable. Does
to perfection all kinds of sewing
and ornamental work that can
be done on any machine.

Each machine is thoroughly
well made and fitted with the
utmost nicety and exactness,
and n0 machine is permitted by
the inspectors to go out of the

shop until it has been fully te'sted and proven to do perfect work, andrun light and

with as little noise as possible. This machine has a very important improvement in

a Loose Balance Wheel, so constructed as to permit winding bobbins without re

moving the work from the machine.

The. LOOSE BALANCE
WHEEL is actuated by a
solid bolt passing through a
collar securely pinned to the
shaft outside of . the balance
wheel, which bolt is firmly
held to position by a strong
spiral spring. When a bob-
bin is to be wound, the bolt
is pulled out far enough to
release the balance wheel
and turned slightly to the
right or left, where it is held
by a sto ~pin until the bob- ,,
b1n is fil ed. Where the ma- '
chine is liable to be meddled with by children, the bolt can be left out of the wheel
when not in use, so that it can not be operated by the treadle. -
The Thread Eyelet and the Needle Clamp are made SELF-THREADING, which is a
great convenience to the o erator.
THE BALANCE WH ED is handsomely finished and nickle plated.
The IMPROVED TENSION and THREAD LIBERATOR combined adds
greatly to the value of this machine.

ALL THE _STANDS HAVE

The New Driving Wheel.

This Driving Wheel is the invention of John D. Law-
less, secured by patent, dated Feb. 7, 1882, and is claim-
ed to be the best device yet invented, being the simplest,
easiest running, and most convenient of the many that
have been trie . It can be easily adjusted and all wear
taken up by turning the cone-pointed screw. It is the
only device operating on a center that does not inter-
fere with other patents. Dealers who wish to sell these
machines will appreciate this fact.

The Stands have rollers in legs and the Band Wheels
are hung upon self-oiling adjustable journals. Each
stand is run up by steam power after it is set up until
it runs very light and smoothly.

, We have selected this style and finish of machine as
9 being the most desirable for family use.

We furnish the Machine complete as shown in above
cut, and include the following attachments, &c. One
Johnson’s Foot Rufller, one set Hemmers one Tucker,
one Foot Hemmer or Friller, one package Needles, six
Bobbins, Screw Driver, Can of Oil, Extra Check Spring,
extra Throat Plate, Gauge Screw, Wrench, Instructions

Each Machine is Guaranteed as represented and to give satis-
faction, or it may be returned and money refunded.

Address all orders to
JOHNSTONE & GIBBONS, Publishers MICHIGAN FARMEB,
44 Lamecl St., West, Detroit, Mich.

 


 

   

 

THE

7

 

HOUSEHOLD.

 

@132 sultry garb.

The Artificial Brooder.

M. C. Weld, in the Rural New Yorker,
thus describes a simple form for an arti-
ficial brooder which he says can be made
at home by any tinsmith:

“ A simple form for these brooders,
consists of a shallow box—say three feet
long, two wide, and ten inches high. A
width of eighteen inches of the top slopes
to the front, has several panes of glass
set in it, and is hinged to a fixed part of
the top, which is six inches wide. The
rear also slopes slightly to the rear, is also
hinged to the fixed part, and must fit
tightly. Underneath this is placed a flat
tank for water. This is set on a slope,
supported upon cleats It should not fill
the entire width of the box, nor should it
go quite to the back end; but an air space
for ventilation should extend all around.
This tank is rectangular, made of zinc or
galvanized iron; for the sized brooder we
are contemplating measures about one
foot wide, 22 inches long and four inches
high, holds, when full, nearly four gallons
of water, and is closed by a “screw-top”
at one of the upper corners. It should be
entirely jacketed in felt or several thick-
nesses of old blanket or carpeting, and
should rest two-and-a-half inches above
the floor at the rear, and four inches above
it at the front end, where a curtain of
flannel should hang from the top of the
brooder down nearly to the floor. In the
front end there should be an opening four
inches high and wide, closed by a wire
screen and also by a wooden sliding door.
It is well also to have augur holes covered
with wire cloth in the front part for ven-
tllation. This is easily secured, however,
by raising the front lid an eighth of an inch
or more in warm weather, unless there is
danger from vermin.

“The chicks should be taken from the
hen as soon as dry, be well greased upon
the heads, upon their throats and under
their wings with lard, and put into the
brooder. the tank of which is filled with
moderately hot, but not boiling, water,
by day. At night, if it is very cold, and
the brooder is out-of—doors, and there are
not many chickens in it, boiling water
may be used. After a few days they will
learn to come out from under the tank if
it is too hot. They quickly become
attached to their foster-mother.

“ Chickens thus raised escape the vari-
ous ills of chickenhood—liee, gapes, pip,
etc. They are not trodden to death by
clumsy hens, or dragged through wet
grass, or exposed to storms, and they grow
better, faster and evener than if raised
under hens.

“ So long as the brooder is not crowded,
big and little ones do well all together,
but when it is too full, the larger ones may
be separated by partly closing the door,
so that when once out they cannot get
back, but must find shelter in a box with-
out heat, placed adjacent. Here they will
do very well with no artificial heat except
in very cold weather, when a pail of hot
water may be set in to temper the air and

 

 

 

a horseblanket be thrown over the box.
When they out—grow this box they will be
fit for broiling, or, if to be raised, it will
be time to separate cockerels from pullets
and thereafter to keep them apart, each
with a good range.

_____._._.____

Fowls in Spring

It must not be forgotten that our
poultry need some sort of green food at
all seasons of the year.

In winter we can give them cabbages or
chopped turnips and onions from time to
time, short, late-dried hay (or rowen) is
very good for a change; cornstalk leaves,
chopped fine, they will eat with a relish.

In early spring time, when the ground
first softens from the frost, pasture sods
thrown into their pens will be ravenously
eaten by them; and as soon as the new
grass starts (unless they can have free
access to the fields or lawn) they should be
supplied with this excellent succulent
daily. For the young chickens nothing is
so beneficial and grateful as a run upon
the newly grown grass; and next to this
indulgence they should have an ample
supply of cut or pulled grass every day.

But, of course, while Jack Frost bears
sway, “this sort of truck ” is out of the
question. Some careful poultry keepers
sprout cats in boxes of earth, and allow
choice birds to pluck the tender blades.
The common Swedish turnip and the car-
rot are excellent for winter green poultry
feed, and probably the most available and
the cheapest vegetables that can be pro-
cured. If the fowls do not “ tackle kind-
ly ” to them, when offered in a raw state,
cook and mash, and mix with bran and
meal—Colorado Farmer.

.—.—.—.——_

AT this season there are always many
inquiries about the desirabiltity of keep.
ing poultry for a living. These inquiries
often come from women, sometimes with
children dependent upon them. In gen-
eral it may be said that keeping poultry
is most profitable to those who do not
rely upon it for their entire support. In
large numbers fowls require a correspond-
ingly large area and much more than this
of care and attention to prevent disease.
In small numbers poultry will not oc—
cupy all of one person’s time and will
not furnish enough profit to make it
worth while. But the business can al-
ways be advantageously conducted by
those who do not rely upon it exclusively.
If they twink the prospect attractive
enough they can afterwards arrange to
give’their whole time to it.

 

WE are told “it is the early bird that
catches the worm.” We all know that it
is the early pullet that lays the first fall
and winter eggs. EVery prudent poulter-
er, therefore, should see to it that they
are well cared for, as it is these early eggs
which fetch the best prices.

A CORRESPONDENT of the Country Gen-
tleman. relates in that journal how an
Aylesburg duck he owned laid seventy-six

eggs in one season from which were
hatched sixty eight young ones. He keeps
them with his chickens and thinks them
quite as profitable as the latter.

 

FOR SALE.

Van Gieson Bros., Clinton, Lenawee 00.. Mick
breeders of
Pure-Bred White Leghorns,
settings of 13 eggs for sale at $1 25. m4-81

 

DETROIT, MACKINAW & MARQUETTE
RAILROAD.

January 3d,1884.

Pioneer East and West Line through the Upper
Peninsula of Michigan. _

EAST. s’rx’rroxs. “91'.
Exp. Accom‘ n. Accom‘n. Exp.
1’. M. A. P. M. A. l.

9 00 8 30 L. ..Marquettc. ..A 5 50 7 00
10 12 42 ........ Onota ...... 4 3'5 5 ~16
1037 1035 ...... Au Train.... 400 5!;
11 22 11 26 ...... Munising. . 8 18 4

1 15 l 15 ....... Seney ....... l 35 2 38
1 55 2 16 McMillan ..... 12 34 1 56
2 20 2 40 ..... Dollarville ..... 12 10 l 28
2 25 2 50 ..... Newberry...... 1150 123
545 615 ...St.Ignace....I 850 1000
r. M. A. M. Via M. C. R. R. r. x. r. M.
5 00 6 35 ...... Bay City ..... 10 05 1 40
7 47 9 22 ..Lapeer Junctn.. 7 43 11 16
1020 1025 ....Port Huron... . 425 755
538 818 ..S "new City.. 850 1145
8 13 10 45 ...... ansing ....... 5 l5 9 10
9 35 12 05 ..... Jackson ..... 4 35 7 50
10 15 9 50 ....... Detroit ...... 8 45 9 10
1-. M. A. M. Via G. R. a 1. R. R. P. M. A. I.
425 610 ..GrandRa ids... 1100 1020
2 54 4 48 ..Howard 12 40 11 50
11 20 1 00 ..Fort Wayne... 3 15 3 10
6 10 8 05 ...... Lansing ....... 9 40 8 45
9 25 11 15 ....... Detroit ...... 6 85 5 45

ViaD. L. &N. R. R.
3 5 ....... Detroit ....... 9 20

P. M. Via F. & P. M. R. R. P. M.
3 45 ....... Detroit ....... 12 10

Connections are made at St. Ignace with: The
Michigan Central Railroad for Detroit and 38
points in Michigan and in the east, south and
southeast. Trains leave Mackinaw City 8 50 a. m.
and 9 50p .m. The Grand Rapids & Indiana R.
R. for Grand Rapids, Fort Wayne and the Bull)
and East.

Connections made at Marquette with the Mar-
gnette, Houghton & Qntonagon Railroad for the

ron and Cop er Districts, and with boat lines for
Duluth and t e Northwest.

Trains daily except Sunday.

Trains run by Central Standard Time.

D. MoCOOL, FRANK 1”MILLIGAM

Gen 1 Sup‘ t., Genl Frt. & Pass. Alt"

Marquette, Mich Marquette, Mich.

 

ABASI-I, ST. LOUIS & PACIFIC R. R.

Depot foot of Twelfth Street. Trains run on
Central Standard time.

 

Leave. Arrive.
Chicago & Indna‘ s. Exp *9.38 am *6. 48 pm
Ind. and St. Louis Exp. *3.48.pm *12. 28 pin
Chicago Express” 110. 08 pm $6. 28 am

WTrains leave Fourth Street depot, via To 0—
do, at *8.45 am; 1.385 pm: +9 .35pm.
Trains arrive at Fourth St. Depot from To-
le 0 at *7. 50pm; 1:12. 30 pm and 11.002111).

£Dai1y.* Except Sunday. 1' Except Saturday
ullman sleeper through to Indianapolis and
Louisville.
City Ticket Oflice 167 Jefferson Avenue.
A. F. WOLFSCHLAGER, City Ticket Agt
FRANK E. SNOW. General Agent.

 

   

Manon mksuuuamflmd
1 1w, m. with Love, Mend-
.up, in if

iii-Illv‘rhg’woicnfisn ’1'??wa 0

odlng lovers with noun-)8“.
phi. unthinking 31-3th Ago-0’. an- ' ’ .
and-M and fall out! lie. that no new

‘0‘ I
Ionmonnm 0mm 00. nor's'umhm_

Send six cents for pos e, and
receive free a costly ox of
goods which will help all to

more money right away that anything else in this
world. Fortunes await the workers absolutely
sure. At once address Tam: & Co, Augusta, Maine.

  
  

 

FUL, EXTRA l
_ . ished, Chromo C .
toes, &c; or 25 Large
' romo Cards, name on .

this elegant Gold plat- .
1. Large enl-

 

f19eo“ 131.

5 NEW Style Chromo Cards with

your name in fancy type 100.
11 packs andthis Elegant Locket. (suita-
ble for lady or gent ) $1. 5
packs and beautifulimport~
ed silk handkerchief 50c.
Illustrated 11st and sam 1e
book for agts. 25c. NEPT
CARD 60., New Haven, Ct.

    
    
  

 
  

,, “---_

 


 

 

THE HOUSEH OLD.

 

piarisn.

Swarming, and HOW to Manage It;
In the writer’s apiary two large tin pails
‘ filled with water are always kept near the
shop door, with a fountain pump hanging
over them; and if a swarm shows any dis-
position to leave, or is slow in» clustering
when other swarms are expected, it re-
ceives such a sprinkling that it soon
“hangs itself up to dry.” With such a
pump and plenty of water it is next to
impossible for a swarm to abscond. The
implement is also useful to prevent unit.
ing or clustering of swarms issuing at the
same time. Near the tin pails stand two
splint clothes baskets, lined with cotton
cloth, and each basket is furnished with a
burlaps cover stitched to one side of it. As
soon as a swarm has clustered it is shaken
into one of these baskets, the cover flopped
over, and if another swarm or something
else demands immediate attention the
basket and its contents can be set one
side, to be disposed of at leisure.

After seeing the ease with which bees
can be managed when allowed to swarm
naturally, the energy with which they
work, and the excellent results obtained
the writer is decidedly Opposed to artir
ficial swarming—and also to queens with
clipped wings. In the first place, when
the bees swarm, the queen has to be found
and caged. The bees roam around a long
time, and sometimes finally cluster. If
another swarm comes out they are certain
to unite with it. When the bees do return
they often go piling into the wrong hive.
perhaps hives; and if they do catch on to
the proper one, instead of going in they
often cluster all over its outside.
Sometimes, after the queen has been
allowed to run in she comes out again,
then of course the bees will follow her.
In my experience a swarm having an un-
clipped queen can be hived and be at work
in that “ whooping,” “zipping,” go—ahead
style. in just about the same time that it
takes a swarm with a clipped queen to
make up its mind, sullenly and doggedly,
to go back home—W. Z. Hutchinson, in
American Agreeulturt'st.

PROF. COOK says: “The benefit to be
derived from foundation is great. We
‘ not only get beautiful, straight combs, but
we secure much more honey. Wax is a
secreted article and a very expensive one,
as the bees must eat 15 or 20 pounds of
honey to secrete one pound Of wax. Sup-
pose they eat 15 pounds; at 10 cents a
pound this makes the comb worth $1 50,
while a pound Of foundation can be
bought for from 40 to 50 cents. This
shows graphically what a benefit we
derive from the use of foundation. No
bee-keeper can afford to do without this
article It pays well, and there is not the
least objection to its use in the brood-
chamber and in sections. We can by no
means afford to allow our bees to make
comb from wax which they secrete.
Foundation, though an artificial article, is
exactly like the natural, only it is fashion-
ed by man’s device, and;not by the bees.”

. chine in every respect.

 

W. Z. HUTCHINSON described his method
ofjiwintering bees before the Michigan
State Association as follows: He first digs
a trench in a sandy hillside, fills it with
dry straw, lays fence posts across, places
boards over the posts, and then sets the
hives in rows upon the boards, surround-
ing them with straw. Fence posts are
then placed over the hives, their upper
ends touching like the rafters of a build-
ing, straw is thrown over the posts to the
depth of a foot, and then earth is shoveled
on to the depth of two feet. NO opening
is left for ventilation. He had been more
successful with this method than with any
other. He had 57 colonies in such a
“ clamp ” last season.

_____._._.___

M. M. CARPENTER writes to the Bee
Journal that his yellow Italian bees
gathered pollen five days after being
hatched, began gathering honey at seven
days, and collected as much and as freely
as older bees, at nine days of age. The
experiment was made during an abundant
honey yield from basswood. He is sure
of the facts he states, because those were
his new bees, the first he had of the yellow
kind.

___..._._.__._

PROF. A. J. COOK,in a communication to
the Rural New Yorker, says: “Extracted
honey should always be kept in a dry
room, and for a time after uncapping, in
awarm room. Then we shall never be
troubled with souring. Even comb honey
often fermentsin a damp. cool room. The
fungus which causes honey to ferment
seems to thrive in a damp, cool atmos-
phere.”

A CORRESPONDENT of the Beekeepers,
Magazine gives the following process for
clarifying wax: After the wax comes

-from the extractor, let it cool; use one-

fourth gallon of vinegar, one-fourth
gallon water to thirty pounds of wax,
melt together and strain through cheese
cloth. Wrap with woolen blanket and let
stand in warm rOOm till cool.

_—-—.+o—-———-

BEE-KEEPERS still find it necessary to

reiterate the statement that pure, un-
adulterated honey will always candy in
cold weather. Such is the popular igno-
rance on the subject that it is generally
believed the candied state is evidence of
adulteration.

—

FLUsHING, Mich., March 3lst, 1884.
Messrs J ohnstone & Gibbons.

GENTLEMEN: I received the sewing
machine, and we have given it athorough
trial on all kinds of sewing. It works well,
runs easy and we call it a first class ma-
Brother farmers,
if you want a good machine at half price,
subscribe for the MICHIGAN FARMER and
you will get the paper for a year and the
machine for $18 00. Respectfully?

J. H. OWE.

BENNINGTON, Mich., March 17th, 1883.
Messrs Johnstonc 8; Gibbons.

SIRS: Enclosed please find draft for
$18 00 to pay for sewing machine and
FARMER, sent to Mr. A. N. Ross, Of
Owosso on my order. They are very
much pleased with its work, and everyone
that has seen it says that it is equal in
every respect to the machine the agents
here are selling at from $40 00 to $50 00.

Respectfullyvyours,
I J. . HIBBARD.

 

Michigan Central a. It.

Depot foot of Fourth street. Ticket ofices, 154
Jefferson ave., and Depot. All trains arrive and
depart on Central Standard time, which is 28 min-
utes slower than Detroit time.

Leave.
going west

Arrive.
Chicago Trains from west.
New York Limited Ex. .
Mai1,via Main & Air line
DayEx ress... ..
Ka . & hree Rivers Ac
Jackson Express .......
Evening Express ....... 7.55 p in
Pacific Express ........ 9.15 p m

GRAND RAPIDS mums.
Fast Express.... ..
Day Express ........... *9.30 a in
Grand Rapids Express. IF4130 p in
Night Express ......... §9.15 p m

sxcmxw AND BAY cr'rx reams.
Bay City & Sag. Exp.. *4.55 p m *9.50 p m
Marquette & Mackinaw *8.45 a m *11.20 p m
Night Express ......... 110.55 p m , 16.55 a m
ronnno TRAINS.

Cincinnati Express.... “7.25 pm
St.L. Cin. Clev. and Col §11.50 a m
Cincinnati Express. . . . *8.35 a in
Toledo Express. .. $12.05 a in

Canada Division.

Leave.
going east.

$6.15 a m
*7.15 a in
§11.59 a m
*7.30 pm

§11.59 a m
*6.10 p m
*6.25 p m

*11.45 a m
*9.55 a m
*8.25 a m

- 55.55 a m

§11.59 p m
*6.25 p in

*6.55 a m
*9.30 a m
*4.00 p m
*5.50 p m

Arrive.
from east.

§8.50 p m
*8;50 p in

Buffalo and To-
ronto Trains.
Atlantic Express .......
Accomt’n from Windsor
Fast Day Express ......
New York & Boston Ex
Limited Ex ress.. ..... 12.15 a m 58
§Daily. * xcept Sundays. tExcept Saturdays.
t Except Mondays.
CHAS. _A. WARREN, O. W. RUGGLES,
City P. & T. Agt. Gen’l P. &. T. A .,
Mar. 9, 1883. DetrOIt, Mich. Chicago, Il .

FLINT & PERE MARQUET’IE RAIL-
WAY.

 

Depot Foot of Third Street. Ticket oflflce
154 J eifcrson Avenue and in Depot.

Trains run on Central Standard Time.
. Arrive. . Depart.
Bay City 35 Saginaw Mail.. *10:50a in *8:40 a in
Bay City 8:. Ludingtcn Exp *3:45 p in *12110 p in
Bay City & Saginaw Exp . *9:55 p m *5 :00 p m
Bay City & Ludington Exp 1 3:05a m +11 :30 p m
Sleeping Car on Night and Parlor Car

on Day Trains.

*Daily except Sundays J(Daily.
C. A. WARREN , P. & T. Agt.

AKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTH-
ERN RAILWAY.

 

Trains run on Central Standard Time.

Cincinnati, Colum’s and Leave. Arrxve.
Cleve. Express ..... . 7 12 am 1 02 pm
Chicago Express ........ 8 52 am 6 42 pm
Adrian, Toledo, Cleve-
land& BnfialoExpress 3 10 pm 7 25 pm
6 12 pm 10 22 am

Fayette, Chicago 8!. Cin-

cinnati Express ......

The 7 25 p in train will arrive, and the 3 10 in
train depart from the Fourth street depot. 0 er
trains will arrive and depart from the Brush street
deIpot. Daily except Sunday.

’p—town ticket office No. 154 Jefierson Avenue

 

ETROIT, GRAND HAVEN & MIL.
WAUKEE RAILROAD.

De ot Foot of Brush Street. Trains run by Cen-
tra Standard Time, which is 28 minutes slower
Detroit time. In effect December 30th, 1883.
Depart. Arrive.
6 :50 a m 11:45 a m
10 :30 a m 4 :50 p in
4:30 a in 9:50 p m
8 :35 p m 8 :00 a m

10:30pm 5:25am

*Daily, Sundays excepted. 1' Daily. 1 Daily,
Saturdays excepted,

Through Mail has Parlor Car to Grand Haven.

Chicago Express at S :30 a n1 has through coaches
and Pullman Parlor Day Car to Chicago.

Chicago and Owosso Express at 8:35 p in has
through coaches and Pullman Palace Sleepers to
Chicago.

Night Express has Wagner Sleeper from Detroit
to Grand Rapids.

Sleeping Car berths can be secured at G. T. R’y
Ticket Office, 156 -l efferson Ave., and at Depot.

'1‘. TANDY. Gen’l Pass. Agt., Detroit.

Harts IN TEXAS &ARK-ANSAS

Low prices. Long credit. Rich agricultural and
grazmg lands, producing wheat, rye, oats, corn,
cotton, grasses and all the choice fruits, near
schools, churches and railroads. Cheap land ex-
cursions every month. For maps of Texas, Ar—
kansas, Missouri and Kansas, with all information
address J. B..FRAWLEY, Pass. and Land Agent
Missouri Pac1fic R). Co., 109 Clark Street, Chicago
IllinOis. ' jl-ly

*Morning Express .. .
*ThroughMail.....
*Grand Rapids Express..
tHO'lly and Saginaw Ex. ..
tNight Express. . .. .