nr pom rh RC ALOT sa Dw WZZIAN CESS OF ASD ' Ta We OF s S : \(¢ ©) i aE CEN ENC e es NSA SAY VEG N my EAS ao) / Ee Sra CA are ONE Dp fap NS S ay eae ls ‘ in * | " C { % € 2a a BS SS a <4 Sf a > o : 7 O = : \ ve Ate Vy AG Ana OS mC 4 % Cee eee NaN NFS WN SN (Ad > -F SSS \ aa y P) Pte )) y Se 7 we ne he PCS Bo Mia a aoe tides Ni LS ¥ sale AO eS): Ay SIE, 9 Be NAS BA yA nS” ae) Volume XIV. GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1896. Ma = OF COURSE & | WE'RE BUSY & But not so busy that we cannot give Bs prompt attention to every letter of in- quiry, every letter asking for quotations, and every order that is received, ms st whether for one barrel of flour or ten e carloads of mixed goods. We have a Western Union operator pe in our office and direct line to Chicago. Weare posted on the markets and we will be glad to keep you posted. We * will advise you to the best of our ability if you write or wire. We have a long distance “Phone.” We have every os modern appliance for doing business quick. We are constantly improving ve all along the line. We have competent eB men watching every detail. We buy and grind only No. 1 wheat. We are selling more “LILY WHITE FLOUR” than ever before. Is it any wonder? By VALLEY CITY MILLING CO, 2 GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. fe REE hh heheheh Hehegep e © DDYOU WANT A PERFEGT FLOUR? One that you can depend on giv- a ing your trade the best possible a Satisfaction? It’s a strictly high grade Min- nesota Patent Flour and we guar- antee every sack or barrel to be unsurpassed. Drop usa line for delivered prices. a We will make high grade goods gue and low prices an inducement to Bie buy your flour and millstuffs here. JOHN H. EBELING, GREEN BAY, WIS. aus CE eee eS RUBIA 2 PUSieeelac aaa aD ap aD aaa eR eae rd SS dP. STEKETEE & SONS, : if GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. % l SSE Me We have an immense line of He a DUCK, MACKINAW AND KERSEY COATS, KERSEY PANTS, LUM- BERMAN'S SOCKS, MITTENS, BLANKETS AND COMFORTABLES. VOIGT, HERPOLSHEIMER & CO. WHOLESALE DRY GOODS, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. WEIS SISSIES ASS ) KES Tes ES CSREES JESS ISAS tes ee ee ee We can sell you KIND i Wy ANY UANTITY COAL XY fi RICE - LIME OR CEMENT. S. A. MORMAN & CO., 19 Lyon St., Grand Rapids, Mich. bbb bob bt btn, FVUVVUVVUVVY Nos. 122 and 124 Louis St., }H}HSSSS4HSHSSSS SS SOSH SOSH Hb bd Gb bbb dn bn bn br bn tn bn dn bn dn bn dn bn bn tytn bn ip NN OF TF FOF OFF OF FF OOF FVII STV SC VO U/OGI GFF V VV OO VG V GVO OCP PERKINS & HESS, is Hides, Furs, Wool and Tallow ; We carry a stock of cake tallow for mill use. ; 4 4 yvuvvvvvvyvvvvvvvvvvvvvuvvuvvyvvvvvvwvwvvuvvvvvvvvvvvvvvCT? Every Dollar e > : Invested in Tradesman Company’s , COUPON BOOKS will yield hand- , some returns in saving book-keeping, , besides the assurance that no charge , is forgotten. Write > TRADESMAN COMPANY, Grand Rapids - Grand Rapids. FUVUVVVUVUVUVUVVUVUTVUUV UV UVC UCC UCU UU CUCU VUCUCTUUCUCCUCCCCCCCCCCC COUGH DROPS 100 PER CENT. PROFIT TO DEALERS Satisfaction guaranteed to consumer. A. E. BROOKS & CO, OF PURE LOAF SUGAR. 5 and 7 S. lonia St., “RED STAR” Grand Rapids, Mich. Goods which are sure to please. TRY HANSELMAN’S Fine Ghocolates and Bon Bons Once used always used. Sold all dealers. Also fruits, nuts, etc. HANSELMAN CANDY CO., KALAMAZOO, MICH. Seen Ren Erne a 9 e e a a e e a a e = a dollar in China Dolls or Holiday Goods without . e seeing our line. We have the best assortment in = a the State, at the lowest prices. Catalogue free. e © a = FRANK B. TAYLOR & CO., e 2 JACKSON, MICH. . OROROROTCTORCROROROROROHOROROROROROROHOROROTOROROROE hbbaobad Abb ihihbbhb bth bbb hb int bh br tr bo thtrtat bb GGG GGbGOGGbGOoe BO9O99SSSS 996999 HS 9999999999999 999 9999999 S OOOO OOOS BABY GINGER SNAPS Ab bb hb hi hb bb &. VFUVVVVVVVVVUVVY CHRISTENSON BAKING CO., OO OSSSSOSSS HOOSOSSSSHHHHHHHHHHS9HSHSHH40000090000000 Something new. Please everybody. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Lbhhhbbhbbhbbhbhbboboatate » eb fp bo tb bb PFRUGOUOUV VU VOUVUVUO UY ee hh he fp fp bp hp bn bn by bo bo bp bn he bo bn bn bh bn hn hn bn tind - Raia SERRE Rare area are ee LOS [ Bi Illuminating and Lubricating Naptha and Gasolines Office, Mich. Trust Bldg. Works, Butterworth Ave. BULK WORKS at Grand Ra apie. Muskegon, Manistee, Cadillac, Rapids, Grand Al = Howard City, Petoskev, Reed City. Highest Price paid for Empty Carbon and Gasoline Barrels LeMaiaw aaa Daawann EES Standard Olt C0. ae au Site aise nans se SS es DEALERS IN OILS ey ee GRAND RAPIDS, ICH. a aven, Traverse City, Ludington, Naa mar airs suse les WE GUARANTEE our brand of vinegar to be an absolutely pure apple juice vinegar. To any one who will analyze it and find sny deleterious acids, or anything that is not produced from the apple, we will forfeit ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS We also guarantee it to be of not less than 40 grains strength. ROBINSON CIDER & VINEGAR CO., J. ROBINSON, Manager. BENTON HARBOR, MICH sa Board, Building Paper, Roofing Tatra We are jobbers of these goods, among which are Tarred Board, Rosin Sized Sheathing, W. C. Oiled Sheathing, Tarred Felt, Roofing Pitch, Coal Tar, Rosin, Asphalt Paints, Elastic Cement, Ready Roofing, Carpet Lining, Mineral Wool. Qualities the best and prices the lowest. e H. M. REYNOLDS & SON, Grand Rapids, [ich. ° e 00K NDER? © AND 7 PEARL STREET. Every Dollar Invested in Tradesman Com- pany’s COUPON BOOKS will yield handsome returns in saving book-keeping, be- sides the assurance that no charge is_ forgotten. Write Tradesman Company, GRAND RAPIDS. 14 cents—$15.82? than one-third the money. SAVE 300 PER CENT. There are 113 poisonous drugs sold which must all be labeled as such, with the proper antidote attached. Any label house will charge you but 14 cents for 250 labels, the small- est amount sold. Cheap enough, at a glance, but did you ever figure it out—113 kinds at With our system you get the same results with less detail for less TRADESMAN © COMPANY'S CLASSIFIED LIST OF > POISONOUS DRUGS —- ARRANGED IN FOURTEEN GROUPS WITH AN ANTIDOTE FOR EACH GROUP. c,sscemum wluch Antidote co ase for a grven poson je article on following list, = S58 Mm ata tmemabet opposste 1s also the member of ac ceabceeeerertsiemacaee umber Gn bold face type) oa label 2,800 LABEL tions for using. all in convenient form for immediate use, as illustrated, with instruc- Sent postpaid to any address on receipt of $4. NO LABEL CASE NECESSARY. THEY NEVER CURL. THEY NEVER GET MIXED UP. TRADESMAN COMPANY, Grand Rapids, 7 4 . 4 q q on D.. L 4 . a &1,T.8.@.M.,M.C., A. A., D.,-G. BH. & M.,M. & N.E., &. S. & M.S. railroads. ROUND & RACKED HOOP CO., 423 Widdicomb Bldg., Grand Rapids, [ich. Every Dollar Invested in Tradesman Company’s COUPON BOOKS will yield hand. some returns in saving book-keeping, besides the assurance that no charge is forgotten. Write TRADESMAN COMPANY, Grand Rapids WORK AT GOOD PAY. For particulars ad- dress the CLASP COMPANY, BUCHANAN, MICH. OFFICIAL ENDORSEMENTS. The trial of the suit brought by the receiver of the City National Bank of Greenville against two of the directors of that institution, now pending in the United States Court in this city, is an object lesson to business men on the perfunctory manner in which the official inspection of accounts is often carried on in fiduciary institutions; and the ex- ample will apply with equal pertinence to the endorsement of the accounts of public officials or of those in other posi- tions of trust. In the case of the bank in question the two directors are made defendants for the reason that they are the only ones of the five who were conducting the affairs of the concern who are finan- cially responsible. In accordance with the custom too frequently obtaining in such cases, these had left the affairs en- tirely in the hands of the one official who was managing the bank, the Pres- ident. The condition of the credits be- came such that the national bank ex- aminer demanded a reformation, which was promised, and later the comptroller of the currency was advised in a letter signed by the President and directors that the changes had been made in ac- cordance with the instructions. Asa matter of fact, the changes had been made only in form, and the affairs of the bank had been steadily growing worse until they culminated in the fail- ure. It transpired on the hearing of the case before the commissioner that the meetings of the bank directors were held semi-annually until they were ad- monished by the bank authorities, They then signed the letter, which indicated that they were cognizant of the condi- tion of things, promising to hold regular meetings thereafter. Then fol- lowed an increase of the indebtedness, through changing its form and other- wise, of $54,227.45. The suit is to col- lect this amount, on the theory that the directors are personally responsible, for the reason that they had expressed their knowledge of affairs in the letter to the comptroller. Now, as an astonishing feature of the Situation, it appears that even this letter was ‘‘a mere matter of form.’’ The two directors, who are accounted among the most honorable and reliable of the business men of Greenville, whose standing gave the basis for the bank’s credit, as a matter of fact knew abso- lutely nothing of its condition, having trusted everything to the officers. They make the defense that they supposed their duties ended in the election of these officers, in whom they had the ut- most confidence. They also bring evi- dence to show that it is the custom of bank directors to sign statements and reports without personal inspection. Of course, it would be an absurd prop- osition that every bank director should personally know the verity of all the documents he may be called upon to sign; but it is within reason to say that no such officer is fit for the position who is not sufficiently cognizant of the gen- eral situation that it will be impossible for him to endorse anything that is in- correct, in important matters at least. But a significant statement of these directors is that they ‘‘did not look more closely into the affairs of the bank lest the officers should consider it an interference.’’ Now, in this excuse is shown the most serious feature of this question of official responsibility. This statement is the indication of an element which is entirely too prevalent in all positions where it is the duty of some to exercise a supervision over the affairs and conduct of others, not only in banks, but in the affairs of all corpora- tions, and especially in those of public official positions. Much of the rascality constantly coming to light is the result of this false delicacy, or this tendency to flattery by showing unquestioning confidence in those with whom we are dealing in such capacities. This tend- ency is not deliberate but is usually the natural yielding to the instinct to do that which will please those with whom we come into contact. The habit is almost universal. Few have served on public boards without seeing examples of it. Municipal doc- uments are constantly presented with O. K.s which, it is well known, have no significance, and corporations are con- stantly suffering losses for the same rea- son. The habit of formal endorsements is one to be deprecated. Aside from the cases where the signature of the en- dorser is properly an expression of con- fidence in the ones who have done the clerical work (and which. confidence should be based on sufficient knowledge), they should not be given without their signifying a personal knowledge of the matter endorsed which warrants it. The object of official endorsements is to prevent mistakes and rascality, but, as controlled by this vicious custom, it has become the means of such rascality and the tool of scheming swindlers. Boston applies the proper remedy when a crooked lawyer robs the dead. Edward J. Jenkins, for whose disbar- ment on account of alleged fraud and unbecoming conduct the Boston Bar Association filed a petition, and upon which petition a hearing was held, has been disbarred by the courts. Mr. Jen- kins was one of the most prominent among the lawyers of Massachusetts. His business was largely in connection with the settling of estates, and the charges brought against him by the Bar Association were formed upon alleged irregularities in some such transactions. Among these charges were the alleged failure to turn over to a legatee $600 until compelled to do so under threat of legal proceedings ; the conversion to his own use of passbooks of deposits in banks upon which, as collateral, it is alleged, he raised loans, and the alleged collection of damages on behalf of per- sons without authority, the proceeds of which were, it is charged, converted to his own use. The Sultan has declared that the bi- cycle is immoral and dangerous to the state. That should settle the question for all time. THE BUSINESS SITUATION. In spite of the fact that most business was nearly paralyzed by the intense in- terest in the election, there was a de- cided improvement in most of the im- portant lines, and the outlook is more favorable than last week. That the speculative reaction in wheat has been followed by recovery, that mills of all kinds have been starting up and that speculative buying has anticipated the rapid advance expected to follow elec- tion—all are factors in the improved in- dications. The sharp reaction in the price of wheat last week was followed by a steady advance, until the week closed at about the figures at which it began. This week the advance has gone on steadily and the market seems strong, with further advance probable. Other grains have shared in the healthy tone of wheat. In the iron markets there is to be re- ported considerable activity and prices have strengthened through speculative buying in anticipation of the results likely to follow the election. There has been an advance in the price of Bes- semer and grey forge and the combina- tion quotations on finished products are not shaded to secure business. The or- ders conditioned on the results of the election are enough to employ works for a considerable time. Textiles are as favorable as could be expected in the political engrossment. The price of cotton keeps up in spite of increasing crop reports. The activity in wool continues and many more mills are Starting up. Cotton manufacture is also increasing and prices of prints are strengthening. In the leather situation hides seem to have stopped the advance. Leather, however, is higher. The feature of the financial situation was the tightness of the money market, occasioned by the hoarding of gold and other forms of currency and the general distrust as to the outcome of the elec- tion. Rates have been very high, but transactions have been held off awaiting the results. This week, however, shows considerable improvement in spite of the uncertainty, the situation having been helped by the announcement that the banks would prevent serious disturb- ance. It is expected that the Chicago Board of Trade will re-open to-morrow and the Diamond Match and New York Biscuit stocks are assuming a basis of 126 and 56 respectively,and there seems a fair prospect that when regular trad- ing begins they will show an advance. The bank clearings have declined further—7 per cent. from last week—to $969,000,000. Failures are 46 less than last week, or 246. The failure of the ‘‘Comstock’’ bank, at Big Rapids, isa severe blow to the business interests of that city and the surrounding towns, but the business men affected will, undoubtedly, all sur- vive the ordeal and join hands, later on, in the organization of a banking insti- tution which will reflect credit on their city and be a source of profit to the stockholders. 4 5 é % THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN AFTER THE BATTLE. Willingness of the People to Abide by the Decision of the Ballot Box. Great political contests conducted on a prodigious scale, like the one which has just drawn to a close, try the fitness of a people for self-government It is really a wonderful fact that a question which is almost universally regarded as supremely important is decided by the bare record of a vote. No one believes that majorities are necessarily right but the majority rule is the only pos- sible one in a democratic republic; and so, with the profound instinct of order, it 1s felt by all that the majority ought to have, and must have, its way. Since the adoption of the Federal constitu- tion, the Government of the United States has been the most conservative in the world. Leaving out of considera- tion the war of secession, the country has enjoyed peace and prosperity with- in its borders for three-quarters of a century. For, since the war of 1812, it has had no foreign foe to deal with who could seriously disturb its repose, and it has been singularly free from internal strife and tumult. It has had its labor problems to deal with and occasional riots to suppress ; but these troubles be- long distinctively to the age, and are not at all peculiar to the United States. It has been even more the conservative temper of the people than the strength and. liberality of their political institu- tions which has hitherto protected them so largely from the evils of lawlessness and violence. This good fortune is, no doubt, mainly attributable to the pe- culiar genius of the Anglo-Saxon race. A people trained for centuries in equal respect for law and liberty, the intro- duction of other elements of population has been a source of anxiety to thought- ful citizens, and it has become a ques- tion whether the civilization of the United States has not been subjected to too severe a test. Another ground of patriotic apprehen- sion has been a growing tendency in this country to array classes against the masses. But that tendency obtains everywhere, and even free and happy America could not hope to escape its baneful influence. The struggle of restive humanity is no longer now with monarchies and aristocracies, but with the individuals and the institutions who control the organization of labor and determine its rewards. To secure the freedom of the laborer without detri- ment to the necessary strictness of in- dustrial organization is a very difficult undertaking, and its difficulty is not diminished by that sense of independ- ence which is cherished by men of all classes in this country. One of the greatest of the dangers that lie ahead of us is the liableness of the masses to lend an eager attention to political charlatans, and to accept the remedies proposed by demagogues and visionaries for all the ills to which the body politic is subject. People who make mistakes of that sort are eventually taught better by experience; but their education is costly alike to themselves and to those who have not shared theirerrors. Still, life in a free country, at least in a country where freedom is guarded as jealously as it is here, is worth all it|} costs. Ten or twelve millions of citi- zens, rich and poor, wise and simple, going to the polls to settle a vexed ques- tion of political economy present a spectacle which, to some minds, is not without its ludicrous aspect; but some- times there is no other way to settle a question of that sort, and, upon the whole, it is really remarkable how few serious mistakes are attributable to manhood suffrage. The great fact, the encouraging fact,in the political history of the United States has been the will- ingness of the people to abide by the decisions of the ballot box. So long as they cultivate that disposition the cause of order will be safe in the United States. But many men are already too much disposed to question the fairness of elections. The whole stream of pub- lic life here will be poisoned at the source whenever the people come to doubt that a fair expression of the pop- ular will can be secured at the polls. The ballot box has often been called the palladium of American liberty, and it would be impossible to overestimate its importance as a conservator, not only of law and justice, but also of popular con- tentment and repose. The masses in this country will never admit that there resides anywhere, with themselves or with any class, any lawful power to override the will of the majority. How slow, then, will wise and prudent pa- triots be to raise the charge of corruption at the polls! From the nature of the questions which have been most dis- cussed in this canvass, class prejudices have been appealed to with some suc cess, and eager partisans who are neither wise nor prudent have openly re- sorted to charges of fraud. Nothing could be more unfortunate, for, if the people of the United States lose faith in their power to protect their own bal- lots, what hope can they have for the permanence of the Government itself and the just and orderly administration of its affairs? FRANK STOWELL. ++ 28 Why He Couldn’t Keep Boys. Stroller in Grocery World. ‘*] think I’ve had the measliest luck with boys that any dealer ever had on earth,’’ said a certain grocer to me one day last week. His store is in New Jersey, and we had been talking over the value blind luck had in the grocery business. I asked why. ‘*I can’t get one worth the powder and shot it would take to blow his head off!’’ he said. ‘*‘They’re all worthless young cubs. I'd give a good deal for a real decent boy who would work.’’ ‘‘What’s the matter with them?’’ I asked. ‘*Matter with ‘em? Why, simply little loafers, that’s all!’’ Within six feet of us, as we talked, was the regular store boy. If I am any judge of boys, and I think I am, for I’ve been one and got one, this little fellow was unusually bright. He had snappy black eyes, and was as neat as apin. I saw he was listening to his employer’s flattering conversation. Just then the grocer turned around and saw the boy standing there. *‘Here, you!’’ he growled, ‘‘what in the thunder are you loafing there for? What do I pay you for—to loaf? Git around here and go to work.’’ There wasn’t a single customer in the store, and nothing to do, so far as I could tell, but the boy hurried off down the cellar. ‘*Mind telling me what you paya boy?’’ I asked. **Two dollars a week.’’ ‘“Keep open in the evenings?’’ ‘“Yes; boy gets here at half-past six in the morning and gets out at half- p= nine. What’s the matter with them ours?’’ I thought I’d have a little fun with im they're ‘““Why, man, you'll bankrupt your- self,’’ I said, with perfect seriousness? ‘‘The idea of paying $2 a week for a boy to work such short hours as those. It’s entirely too much. You ought to make him work longer or reduce his salary.’’ The grocer thought I was in earnest. ‘‘Think so?’’ he said, eagerly. ‘‘l have been thinking I was paying him too much. I'll have to look into it.’’ I thought I began to see into the bad boy business. **No, sir,’’ he continued, ‘‘they’re durned little rascals. Most of them are thieves. Why, I had a boy here the other day who I caught eatin’ crackers four times in one day. Durned little thief. You ought tu see me kick him out the door.’’ I saw a little more clearly. Just then the other boy came up the cellar steps. He was carrying a small basket of lemons, and oa the top step he stumbled and one—only one—of the lemons rolled off and across the floor. I thought the grocer would have an apoplectic fit. ‘*Great Jehosaphat!’’ he yelled. “‘Can’t ye bring up a dozen lemons without droppin’ ’em all over the store? I'l] bet you bruised that lemon all to pieces. You'll pay for that, young man, you hear me?’’ A customer was just leaving the store and she turned at the noise. The boy hung his head in discomfiture and looked the picture of mortification. But there was a look in his eye that, as a man who tbinks something of the good feeling of his employes, I wouldn’t care to see in the eye of anybody who worked for me. ‘*Now git out of here,’’ ordered the grocer. ‘‘You ain't worth your weight in mud, anyhow. ‘“*You see how it is,’’ he continued, turning to me in an injured way as the boy disappeared. ‘‘What good are they?’’ Just then an awful crash came from the depths of the cellar. The grocer jumped. ‘“There he goes again!’’ he ex- claimed, ‘‘but durn his skin, if he’s busted anything, I’ll be skinned if I don’t lick his hide well !’’ He rushed for the cellar and I fol- lowed him. About four feet from the bottom of the stairway was a crate of eggs, completely smashed. It had evi- dently been held up at some distance from the brick floor and smashed down on it with great force. It had been full of eggs, and they were all broken, so far as I could see. It was quite a mussy little smash, and the grocer frothed at the mouth. *‘Where’s_ that—— boy!’’ he howled. “‘If I get hold of him I will lampoon the very neck off him! Come here, you little thief! Where are you?”’ There was no answer, and the open cellar door at the back, which opened into the street, was pretty good evidence that the boy had smashed the eggs in revenge and decamped. The grocer threatened all sorts of things: He was going to the boy’s father; he was going to have him ex- pelled from the church—the grocer be- longed to the church, by the way; he was going to do things that would have gotten him in jail inside of a minute. His ire was deepened by a sight he saw when we got upstairs. There at the front window, but safely on the out- side, was the missing boy. He was gazing in the window, with his thumb to his nose, wiggling it like mad. The grocer got so mad when he saw him that he choked when he tried to talk. If that boy had fallen into his hands then, I should certainly have had to step in with my hard muscles and athletic training. But the boy didn't fall into his hands. As _ soon as he saw that his last shot had taken effect, he lit out. ‘*May I be kicked and stabbed if I ever have another boy in this store!’’ fumed the grocer. ‘‘They’re a set of infernal little thieves and liars! I did expect more from this boy, though. He came with elegant recommendations, and I thought he was just the boy I was lookin’ for.’’ ‘*So he might have been,’’ I said, ‘if you had known how to treat him.’’ It always gets me hot to see a boy badly treated like this, and I was pretty warm under the collar then. ‘*What!’’ snarled the grocer. **This is what,’’ I said. ‘*You don’t know the first principles of treating a boy. You howl and yell at him as if he was a dog. When that boy dropped one lemon a minute ago, you went on about it as if he had stolen a dollar. Aren’t you liable to do the same _ thing? Haven’t you done worse dozens of times? I have no doubt he smashed those eggs to spite you, and while he had no right to do it, you can’t altogether blame him, for he simply paid back meanness with meanness. I’m glad he did it."’ Then I stopped, feeling somewhat better. If a look could knock a man down and smash him in the face, that’s what that grocer’s look would have done to me. ‘*You tend to your own business, ’’ he said. ‘‘You ain’t old enough totell me how to run my business. Git out 0’ here, anyhow.’’ I got out, but I felt better over the raking I had given that fellow than if I had kept my mouth shut and sold him goods, “HOW TO MAKE MONEY ” Sell “Old Country Soon” It isa big, pure, full weight, solid one — bar (16 oz.) which retails for only cents. Get the eee you can buy it at from your Wholesale Grocer or his Agent. One trial and you will always keep it in stock. DOLL SOAP 100 Bars in Box, $2.50. This is a Cracker Jack to make a run on, and it will be a winner for you both ways. Manufactured only by ALLEN B. WRISLEY CO., CHICAGO. evccccoocoosooosoosoosooosoosooosooosees Ps DETROIT BRUSH WORKS+— L. CRABB & SON, Proprietors. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WINDOW DRESSING. Drape the Pillars—Be Prepared for Christmas—Practical Suggestions. From the Chicago Dry Goods Reporter. It is always advisable to make use of whatever pillars there may be in the store for draping goods, but there are many storekeepers that either do not have time to look after details or do not appreciate the value of such displays. Pillars ought not to be left bare at any season of the year and during the time just preceding the holidays they are es- pecially serviceable for purely decora- tive purposes, as well as for display. Every store should observe this season of the year with suitable decorations of evergreen or holly, with a liberal inter- mingling of wares of the season. But before it is time to put up the green stuff every pillar or post in the store should display something from the fall and winter lines. The best of city stores make use of every inch of available space for shcw- ing their merchandise, and it is safe to say that the country store that is metro- politan, to the extent of these small things at least, will hold a high posi- tion in the community. Numerous de- vices are used to facilitate pillar deco- rating. There are racks with projecting arms which admit of an endless number of variations to the draping. A simple arrangement for hanging dress goods, curtains, etc., on ail sides of a pillar is a square frame, which can be made any desired size. By means of pulleys this can be raised and lowered, making the work of draping easier. Enough has been said to show the possibilities of pillar draping. An ingenious operator can do some of his most valuable work with this space. It’s only a few weeks now before dis- plays appropriate for Christmas will be in order, and ideas that will give nov- elty to the same will he in demand. The ‘‘Drapers’ Record,’’ an English journal, comments as follows on the subject: ‘‘Christmas---to get back to the good old season again—affords un- usual opportunities of finding out what a window dresser is capable of in im- pressing his personality on his work. It would be a capital exercise to have a competition, say, amoung a number of trade associates, as to which of them could produce the most novel and ap- propriate window for the time. And it would be a mistake to think that in- genuity and smartness would be tied to any special department, or that any other would have a walkover in such a contest of skill. It would be thought, perhaps, that the linen man would have a poor chance of getting ahead of his rivals, and yet there was in the ‘Dry Goods Chronicle’ a couple of years ago a suggestion that would give him a fair and reasonable hope of success. It was to put in a dining table on the cross in a corner window, and then to set it out with cutlery, napery, and glassware, all complete, as if 1t were ready for a din- ner party, with linens arranged in pic- turesque piles at the sides and along the front and in tiers at the back. If the top of the window seemed too empty, a large scroll might be suspended there with the inscription, ‘Christmas comes but once a year, and when it comes it brings——.’ That would be a very ap- propriate and striking Christmas win- dow, and, moreover, it affords a lesson as to what fresh effects are open to any smart window dresser all the year around.’’ A fireplace makes a_ good center- piece for a display of shoes or anything on that order. One of the old-fashioned kind with andirons and tongs would not require anything in’ its construction that could not be easily obtained. For the finest and richest of merchandise the modern mantel might be more in keeping. Anything suggestive of warmth is a good addition to a window display in the winter months. For something out of the ordinary on which to display gloves, construct a large glove, four feet or more in height. Boards can be sawed and fastened to- gether to resemble a glove in shape and it can be padded so as to carry out the resemblance. Large knitting needles stuck in this are the best means of fas- tening the gloves to the big design. The draping in the rear and sides, and, perhaps, a few gloves hung from side rods, should not be forgotten. When a window is being trimmed and the shade is down, put a card in front with some explanation of what you are doing, ‘‘Arranging our new fall goods,’’ ‘‘ New underwear will be shown here at 2 p. m.,’’ ‘‘Wait until the cur- tain goes up,’’ or something similar. A person seeing this will stop to see what you have done the next time he passes. When original ideas are lacking and it seems that there is nothing to be done to the windows or the interior of the store, it will be found that a great im- provement can be made by simply changing things around. It is not pos- sible always to show new things. A person who is a regular customer of the store sees the same goods in the same places on each repeated visit. He takes them in mechanically as old friends, and old friends in articles of merchan- dise very often are not pleasing to the eye. The eye even rebels at the monot- ony after a while and refuses to see things. But familiar goods take ona new aspect when shown in changed sur- roundings. The shopper is refreshed with the change and his attention will be called to good features in the articles which were overlooked in the careless glances which they received in their old places. Your whole store will seem new and the very few who rebel against in- novations will be more than counter- balanced by the number who will be pleased by seeing old goods in new re- lations to old fixtures. It pays to change things around. There are some means of securing the attention of the public that no trade-re- specting window dresser would think of taking up. Without going to such un- seemly lengths there will always be room for escape from the monotony that makes one window so sadly, so in- effectively, resemble almost every other. There are clear and easily de- fined rules that must govern all window dressing, but it is possible, while faith- fully observing these rules, to give in- dividuality to the show. There has not been atime in the recollection of most window trimmers when such a brilliant array of colors confronted them. This is a season of high colors and they make uncommon success possible and dismal failure easier. It requires an adept in color- shading to keep the rich velours and velvets from fighting among themselves or with the display in the neighboring window. oe © ee Mount Holyoke College was insured for $157,000, but the companies refuse to pay anywhere near that amount, on the ground that the building had dete- riorated in value in the years that have elapsed since the policies were written. The trustees, on the other hand, claim that they had kept the college in con- stant repair, and only a year and a half ago made extensive improvements. They ask, too, with bitterness, if any- body thinks the companies interested would have uttered a word of objection to receiving the premiums on an even larger amount than $157,000 for a hundred years to come. 2. oe - or If everybody had the courage of his convictions there wouldn’t be much said about dull trade. Every one is sure his side in the political contest is going to win, and every one is certain that vic- tory will bring good business. But they are not buying goods on that basis—or have not been. —___-0 Fire Island was put up for sale the other day, with all the buildings there- on. The only offer was $20,000, made on behalf of a syndicate. The place has cost the State of New York $210,000 outright and $18,000 for improvements. The quarantine commissioners place the value at $75,000. —_—__> 0. Account every man honest until you prove him otherwise; but check over your goods when you receive them nevertheless, H. LEONARD & SONS’ LETTER Gentlemen: - If you appreciate ideas from wide- awake dealers, it will pay you to read and think about what dealers who don’t have time to complain of hard times are doing. One of our customers (and, by the way, he is from a town of less than 1,000 population) was in last week to place his third order for holiday china. He said that he never appreciated until the past year the fact that he could sell such nice goods in his town; he knew that the people used them, and went out of town to buy them, but the idea of keeping that trade at home never occurred to him until we induced him to put ina line, and now he sends us orders, every week or 80, which six months ago would have looked large enough to supply his town for six years. This is only one of the many illustrations that go to show that you can’t keep your trade at home, unless you keep stock up, and “cater” just a little to your customers’ wants They prefer to buy from you if you will keep the stock. Just try it onee, and see. Another customer, who was in just before election, when asked by our salesman his opinion about the result of the election, replied that he had had no time to talk about it, also that he had put a sign in his store early in the campaign, raading “This is no place to talk polities.” He says that, as a consequence, his store has been free from loungers, and people who wanted to do any trading could get waited upon without being “talked to death” about poli- ties. This customer has an idea that a store should not be made a lounging-place or elub- room for the “echronie kickers” in a town, and the more of that class of people he keeps Out, the more of the better class he finds trading with him. He spends a few days every month in Grand Rapids, buying goods, and says that his trips always pay him. We appreciate this faet ourselves, for we could not have bargains to offer to our trade if we did not go into the market to buy them. We always have a large variety of goods in stock, which it is impossible to catalogue, and of which Our agents cannot carry samples, and dealers who take time to visit our sample-room Occasionally find it pays. Now that election is over we hope you will find time to visit us and buy what you have not already selected, but will need for your holiday trade. Do not let your competitors get ahead of you, but keep the best assortment yourself, and so keep the trade. Yours Truly, H. LEONARD & SONS. ee eee THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Around the State Movements of Merchants. Nunica—Fonger & Son have opened a meat market. Athens—Geo. Lyster, baker, has sold out to Wood Bros. Fremont—Fred Holt has purchased the Cole grocery stock. Omer—E. L. Squires succeeds Brooks & Squires in general trade. Albion—Young & Pulling succeed M. L. Bond in the harness business. Cheboygan--Small & Ives succeed Ives & Marks in the drug business. South Lake Linden—Stroch & Lenze succeed Stroch & Son in the meat busi- ness. Saginaw—-Loranger & Culver succeed Loranger & Fournier in the drug busi- ness. Rochester—M. Brock & Co. have pur- chased the notion stock of Adelia Ster- ling. Klingers—J. F. Roop & Co. have purchased the general stock of Jos. W. Wyman. South Haven—Wm. jacobs has pur- chased the meat business of Jacob Nif- fenegger. Bessemer—D. McFarland succeeds Harlow K. Pino in the jewelry and drug business. Big Rapids—Thos. G. Sharp & Co. have sold their grocery stock to L. S. Braendle. Petoskey—Dr. W. A. Farnsworth is succeeded by Mary E. Farnsworth in the drug business. Cheboygan—Robt. Kiuwe has _ pur- chased the furniture and undertaking stock of Fred Kluwe. Ionia—C. G. Williams & Co., dealers in cigars and tobaccos, have dissolved, W. W. Williams succeeding. Middleton—A. B. Armstrong — suc- ceeds Chas. Naldrett in the agricultural implement and harness business. Sault Ste. Marie—F. 5S. Wood con- tinues the crockery business formerly carried on by Mrs. A. M. Reynolds. Charlevoix—The Booth Packing Co. has attached all the property of the Con- nables at this place and Petoskey on an alleged claim of $11,000. Alpena—Max Jasspan_ has uttered chattel mortgages on his clothing stock for $20,000, in favor of Max Wolff, of New York, and the Alpena National Bank. Hart—Harry Marshall has put ina line of oysters, making a specialty of wholesale trade. He also expects to cater to the retail needs of the town and vicinity. Fremont—Wm. Harmon, the _ shoe dealer who returned from a short so- journ in Michigan City about a year ago, is to move into a new double brick store which is to be ready for occupancy about Nov. 15. Traverse City—O. G. Millar, formerly employed in the hardware department of the Hannah & Lay Mercantile Co., has purchased the interest of W. H. Steffens in the firm of Kenney & Stef- fens,dealers in musical instruments and merchandise. Detroit—A. W. Reckmeyer & Co., furriers at 32, 34 and 36 Miami avenue, have given to Morse Rohnert, as trus- tee, a chattel mortgage to secure debts amounting to $11,244. These are the creditors: City Savings Bank, for $5,819; Charles Richter, $4,640; P. H. Cooper, $125; ©. H. Ritter, $160; Morse Rohnert, $500. Fremont—-Pearson Bros. find their new double store, which they have oc- cupied since their removal from the Reeder block last year, too small for the requirements of their rapidly growing business and they are just finishing an- other front adjoining which they will occupy ina few days. This will give them 7o feet front with a depth of roo feet. Their lines are millinery, dress goods and men’s clothing. Detroit—After the mysterious drown- ing of Wm. N. Winans, near Belle Isle, numerous creditors of the firm of Eva Winans & Co. brought suits to recover their claims and garnisheed the several insurance companies from which he had taken policies. The creditors have now filed interrogatories for the insur- ance companies to answer, the material one being why the companies do not admit an indebtedness to Eva Winans. Manufacturing Matters. Flint—W. A. Patterson is succeeded by the W. A. Patterson Co. in the man- ufacture of carriages and road carts. Saginaw—The Erd Piano & Harp Co. continues the musical instrument busi- ness formerly conducted by the late F. H. Erd. —_$~> 2 The Adjustment of Fire Losses.* Fire losses may be divided under three general heads: ‘‘Personal Prop- erty,’’ ‘‘Stocks in Trade’’ and ‘‘ Build- ings.’’ When a fire occurs, the first duty of the assured is to notify the agent or agents of the companies whose _ poli- cies he holds, by whom he will be fur- nished with blank proofs of luss and, if necessary, with instructions as to the proper method of preparing them. The proof must be signed and affidavit made to its correctness to the best of his knowledge and belief. In the meantime the agent has sent his adjuster to view the premises, examine into the condi- tion of the partially damaged or un- damaged articles, and when the assured has presented his claim, it is the duty of the adjuster to verify the amount or to resist any portion thereof that he con- siders unjust. It frequently happens that when a man has had a fire loss, even though it may be a total one, he thinks he is entitled to the full amount for which he is insured. This is a great mistake. The policy, no matter for what amount it is issued, simply covers the assured for the actual amount of his loss up to that amount. If he can prove the amount of loss to be the full amount of insurance, he recovers that amount; and if his loss is less, he can only ex- pect to be paid the amount proved. In the case of a fire in a dwelling, unless lately refurnished, the assured cannot expect to be paid the original cost of his furniture, carpets, etc., for due allowance must be made for the length of time they have been in use, and the condition (by reason of wear and tear) they were in at the time of the fire. Take carpets, for instance, that have been on the floors for three or four years; whilst they may have originally cost $1.50 or $2 a yard, he must expect their value scaled down, and so of other items of his household effects. So also in the case of his ward- robe; he may have lost a suit of clothes for which he paid $50, and which has stood the wear of two or three years. It would be unjust to expect the insurance company to pay full price for second- hand clothes. He may think this very unjust and claim that his furniture, carpets, etc., and clothing were serving him just as well as if they were new. But the fact remains that his policy covers him against a loss up to the amount of its face, and in proving the amount of his loss, he cannot justly put down the value of the above mentioned items which have been in use for two or more years as being worth as much as what he paid for them. The adjustment of a loss on a stock of goods is much more complicated. If the assured has saved his books, it is *Paper read before Office Men’s Club of St. Louis by Ferd. L. Garesche. in a measure much simplified. In this case, to get at the amount of goods in store at the time of the fire, you must go back to the last inventory of stock. If properly taken, the price of everything was extended at its market value at that time. Some articles may have cost more and some may have cost less than the extended price, owing to the fluctua- tions in the market. The inventory thus forms a starting point from which to fix the value of the stock on hand at the time of the fire. To the amount of the inventory must now be added the amount of all purchases, whether for cash or on iime, from the date of the inventory to the date of the fire, omit- ting, of course, any invoices that may be in transit. The credit side of the merchandise account will show the amount of sales since last inventory, and should be deducted from the sum total, to show the balance on hand. But as the sales represent the cost price of the goods and the added profit, the total amount of the sales must not be de- ducted until you have arrived at the profit added at the time of sale. To get at this you must go back to the last profit and loss account and see what was the gross profit on merchandise ac- count. If it represents a profit of ten, fifteen or more per cent., then the proper proportion of this per cent. must be de- ducted from the amount of sales, and the balance will about show value of the goods sold. This amount deducted from the added amount of inventory and purchases gives you the value of goods on hand at time of fire. I have em- phasized the deduction of the gross profit in contradistinction to net profit, which is found by deducting salaries, rent, expenses, bad debts, etc.—items which do not figure in the selling price of goods, and consequently do aid in re- ducing the amount on hand. The adjustment of a fire loss ona building is covered by the same prin- ciples as in other losses. In case ofa partial loss, the question arises as to what will be the cost of restoring the building to the condition it was in at the time of the fire, which is all that the assured can demand of the insurance company. Each party can employ an expert to determine the amount and, if not too widely apart, they may agree upon a compromise amount; and if they cannot agree, the matter can be settled by arbitration. When the amount is settled, if within or in full of the amount of insurance, the company will pay the amount and the assured can apply the whole of it, or as much as he desires, to a restoration of the building. If the two are widely apart and cannot come to any agreement, the company may, under the terms of its policy, pro- ceed to have the building restored, and if the assured is not satisfied with the amount or quality of repairs, he has his recourse at law. In case of a total loss the question to be determined is the amount that would be required to re- build, and which forms the basis on which the company has to settle. Ina case where the company or companies may be liable for the whole amount, it might be that,owing to the cheapness of building material, they could put up a building equal in every respect to the one destroyed for a less amount than that for which they are liable. This they have the right to do. When there is other insurance, each company can be held only for its proportion of the loss, no matter whether one or more fail to pay their proportion. In con- clusion I would state that I have, in my treatment of the subject, dealt more or less in generalities, for the reason that the gentleman to follow me will enter into more particulars, and from whom I am sure you will derive a more en- lightened idea of adjustments than I am capable of furnishing. In conclusion I would like to adda few words on the subject of insurance agents and adjusters. An agent is often harshly criticised in case of a loss, and most frequently unjustly. It is natural that he should desire to make a good showing for his company, in increased number of premiums and small amount of losses. He must, therefore, closely scan and examine all proofs of loss, either himself or by his adjuster, and I can with perfect assurance say that very, very few assured who have honestly made out their proofs of loss have any reason to complain of the treatment re- ceived from their insurance agent, and in proof of this assertion, would call at- tention to the fact that, of the millions paid yearly on account of fire losses, a very small percentage is due to de- cisions by a court of law. It must be borne in mind that in many cases losses paid by insurance companies are so much money filched from their treasury, ow- ing to the fact that, although fraud is glaringly apparent, yet sufficient proof is wanted to go before a court, and the money must be paid. When engaged in the insurance _busi- ness, we had a loss under a policy of $2,500 on a stock of goods in the lower part of this State. The party came to St. Louis and submitted a sworn state- ment of a loss of over $5,000, and called for the payment of the entire amount of his policy. He stated that he had saved nothing but his ledger, which at our re- quest, he left with us. It having been reported by his neighbors that it was suspected he had set fire to his store, we were naturally very anxious to ex- ose any fraud. I took the ledger and ound on examination that his merchan- dise account had been opened on _ three different pages, two of the entries be- ing almost entirely obliterated. By means of a powerful magnifying glass I detected glaring differences and pro- ceeded to carefully arrive at his pur- chases and sales. Sufficient to say that the results obtained convinced us that, even if he did not set fire to his store, he was fraudulently claiming more than he was entitled to. The Secretary of the company (a New Yorker) happened to be in the city at_the time, and [| laid the case before him, and he decided to take the settlement into his own hands. The next day the assured came in and in a blustering manner wanted to know when we were ‘going to settle—that he was tired of waiting. The Secretary answered that he was prepared to make him a proposition, and was _pertly answered that the only proposition to be entertained was the full payment of his policy; that a St. Louis company—the Phoenix—which had a policy tor the same amount, had paid_ in full two or three days before. The Secretary stepped up to him and, looking him full in the eyes, told him that his proposi- tion was that if he would surrender his policy, he would be given a check for $250. The fellow’s indignation was vented in a torrent of cuss words. When he paused for breath he was informed that he had until next day to decide, and that, if he declined, we had suffi- cient proof to send him to the peniten- tiary, where he deserved to go. It is needless to say that the next day he came in and received his check. And now a word as to the adjuster. He is employed by the insurance com- panies to thoroughly inspect fire losses, examine into the facts connected with these, as also the proofs submitted by the assured, and report to the agent his opinion and judgment as to the amount due him. A conscientious adjuster, al- though employed by the company, fully realizes his position; that he stands as an impartial umpire between the in- surer and the insured, and must do no injustice to either. His duty is to see that one party receives all he is entitled to, and consequently that the other pays no more than what he is liablefur. He should never occupy the position de- scribed by a cynical friend of mine, who, when asked what was an actuary, replied that he was an officer of a life insurance company whose duty it was to determine how much a man must pay when insuring his life and how little his heirs were to receive at his death. _—————- + Big Bargain in Silecias. We have bought 250 pieces of 36 inch Silesias, which we offer at 7%c per yard, in slates and blacks only. These goods formerly jobbed at 8%c and are extra good value at the price. P. STEKETEE & SONS. (Order at once, ) THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 5 Grand Rapids Gossip The Grain Market. This has been a very eventful week in the wheat market. Cash wheat ad- vanced fully 5'%c and active futures 6%c. This was caused by light receipts in the Northwest, large exports, and the rather small increase in the visible, which was only 1,395,000 bushels, against 1,789,000 bushels during the corresponding week last year. The re- ports from India and Australia are very unfavorable regarding the crop. _ It seems as though America held the key to the present situation and could dic- tate prices to the world. This has not been the case for some years past. Cal- ifornia wheat advanced 4c within two days. To sum the whole matter up, there seems to be a strong undercurrent which will advance prices considerable from where they now stand. Had it not been for the election excitement, we think the price of wheat would have been considerably higher now. As the political controversy is over now, we may expect to see all branches of trade improve and continue steady until pros- perity is established again. The grow- ing crop of wheat is looking excellent. There was about 1,500,000 acres more of winter wheat sown this year than was harvested in 1896. Corn is in the dumps and is fully 2c lower than one week ago, while oats are about 1c lower. Rye is fully 1c higher. The receipts during the week were wheat, 36 cars; corn, 6 cars; oats, 8 cars. The mills are paying 75c for wheat. Cc. G. A. Vorer. a Flour and Feed. The past week has been one of wait- ing, merchants preferring to purchase only for actual needs until after the re- sult of the election could be determined. A few of the more confident and ag- gressive buyers have purchased a few cars for future shipment. The sweep- ing victory which has been won by sound money will, no doubt, have its effect on speculative property. The market will be wild and subject to vio- lent fluctuations, probably, with an up- ward tendency so far as breadstuffs are concerned, on account of the actual de- mand abroad. It must be remembered, however, that the price has already ad- vanced considerably and has reached a level high enough for successful manip- ulation by professional speculators. We should be inclined, therefore, to coun- sel very cautious buying and only for actual needs, keeping, of course, nor- mal stocks. Quotations on feed and millstuffs are unchanged for the week, but there is a much better demand for both bran and middlings. Wm. N. Rowe. > 6 > Awaiting the Outcome. Potato shippers are not very active just at present, having postponed buy- ing in any considerable quantities until the outcome of the meeting of general freight agents, which is to be held in Chicago next week, is announced. As previously stated, the general freight agents of the Michigan roads are _post- ing themselves thoroughly on the sub- ject, so as to be in a position to answer any questions which may be asked them in regard to the matter. £4 + A country shipper calls the attention of the Tradesman to the fact that he is, unfortunately, at a disadvantage when reductions in rates are made or conces- sions in classifications are promulgated, because he is not made acquainted with the intentions of the transporation com- panies beforehand, so as to be able to adjust himself to the changed condi- tions. In his opinion, the railroads ought to anticipate action in handling large crops of fruits and vegetables by adjusting their rates to the circum- stances, giving shippers due notice of any contemplated changes, whenever possible. ee) Another shipper calls attention to the fact that the railroads apparently lose sight of the fact that low transportation rates on produce not only give them in- creased shipments to outside poiats, but also enable the grower to realize greater returns, so that he is able to buy more liberally, thus giving the transportation companies incoming as well as outgoing freight. —_-—__->9->_- The Produce Market. Apples—The choice fruit is about all marketed, that portion of the crop yet to come forward being so poor that it will probably not cut much of a figure in the market. Beans—There has been no change in quotations, but higher prices are looked for in the near future. Butter—The market is without change, except factory creamery, which has been marked up from 17¢c to 18c. Dairy grades are coming in very freely, commanding 10@13c, according to quality. Cabbage—40@5oc per doz., according to size and quality. In carlots dealers are quoting $10 per ton. Carrots—15c per bu. Celery—12@15c per bunch. Cranberries—lhe receipts of cran- berries, although not excessive, are sufficient for the requirements of the trade. Choice berries move freely at steady prices, while the demand for the poorer grades is small. Choice stock brings $1.50@1.75 per bu. and $4.50@5 per bbl. Eggs—The market has remained steady during the week. Fresh eggs continue scarce, although at the present writing there seems to be a lull in the upward tendency. The market for cold storage eggs is about steady, with the demand not so good on account of the prevailing mild weather, which is very apt to control sales of held stock, as buyers are afraid to lay in any quantity, as it deteriorates in quality very soon. Strictly fresh brings 17c, while cold storage and pickled stock is in fair de- mand at I5¢c. Grapes—New York Concords and home grown Niagaras command 12c for 9 Ib. basket. Honey—The situation is about the same as last week, with the exception that the demand, which was before very moderate, fell off still more, and_ there was almost nothing doire. Supplies are large and prices remain the same—1!2c for white clover and roc for dark buck- wheat. Onions—Spanish are in fair demand, commanding $1.50 per bu. crate. Home grown are in fairly good demand at 30 @35c per bu. Potatoes- The market is in a waiting condition, pending the outcome of the meeting of the Central Freight Asso- ciation on Nov. to. In case the ex- pected concession is granted, buyers will enter the field immediately and un- dertake to move the crop to the best ad- vantage. If it is not granted, the ex- perience of last year will probably be repeated—millions of bushels be per- mitted to rot in the bins and cellars and remain undug in the ground. Squash—-Hubbard brings $1 per 100 Ibs. or $15 per ton. Sweet Potatoes—The price is likely to go higher, owing to the depletion of stocks. Genuine jerseys still command $2, while Baltimore and Virginia stock is sold on the basis of $1.25 per bbl. —___$_>2»—____ Ask about Gillies’ New York Spice Contest. Phone 1589. J. P. Visner. The Grocery Market. Sugar—An advance of ‘c was pro- mulgated Wednesday (Oct. 28), since which time the market has been very strong, refiners not being able to ship promptly. Tea—The chief cause for the small boom which is at present taking place in the tea market is the increasing de- mand from first hands, which is brought about by the knowledge of crop short- age and the realization that teas of all sorts are good property. There is no quotable advance over last week, but there probably will be soon. Five cents per pound is not considered an_ exorbi- tant expectation. All crops of tea are undoubtedly short, and this can have but one effect, and that is a firmer mar- ket and higher prices. The business done from first hands last week in New York alone was six times the ordinary volume, the consumptive demand _ re- maining quiet, about as it has been. Syrups—Quite active, especially for medium-grade sugars and mixed goods. Glucose has not been especially strong of late, and this has kept corn syrups from advancing further. Unless glucose advances further, the price of mixed syrups will probably remain steady. Low-grade sugar syrups are in better supply than any other grade, but the demand is slow. Dried Fruits—The demand for prunes is very good and will continue good, as very few grocers bought in futures, and this will keep them on the market for some time to come. Raisins are ad- vancing hecause of scarcity, although no advance has as yet occurred over last week. There may be higher prices if the reported speculative demand on the Coast has really set in. The demand for raisins is very good. Currants are doing but little. There has been no advance over last week’s prices. A few are being sold, but the demand is un- der what it should be. Provisions—The supply of hogs was not fully maintained last week, in the aggregate. The total Western packing was 320,000, compared with 375,000 the preceding week, and 345,000 for the corresponding time last year. From March 1 the indicated total is 9,635,000, against 8,035,000 a year ago—an in- crease of 1,600,000. With October 31 the summer season closed at about 9,800,000 hogs for the eight months, passing all previous records. Prices of hogs at the close average slightly lower than a week ago, most of the markets being in about the same position as then. The demand has been maintained under the healthy condition of the ex- port trade, which has been absorbing liberally of product, it being evident that the free movement in that direction bas not burdened the markets abroad, especially for meats. The recent clear- ances of lard have been particularly large, and the market for this article is perhaps somewhat less firm than for meats, as a natural result. The domes- tic trade has held up well, including a liberal proportion of fresh product in the distribution. Speculation in provi- sions has been of unimportant propor- tions. There appears to be a fair de- gree of firmness, with prices of leading articles at Chicago at about the same position as a week ago. The week's clearances for foreign markets were notably large of lard, and liberal of meats. Will Bear Investigation. C. H. Eaton, who formerly worked in a hotel at Harbor Springs, claims to have embarked in the jobbing of wood- enware and grocers’ sundries at 108 West Randolph street, Chicago. He has recently taken a trip through Mich- igan for the purpose of purchasing stock. Any of the Tradesman's readers who contemplate having any dealings with the gentleman would do well to communicate with this office before closing negotiations. ~~ — Novel Idea Put into Effect souri Merchants. From the Minneapolis Commercial Bulletin. A number of merchants in Macon, Mo., have devised a _ plan for dealing with the farmer trade which appears to work well, and it is here given for the benefit of other towns: The grocer with whom any given farmer deals agrees _ to take all his produce at the top price, in trade. No cash is paid, and an en- deavor is made to get the customer to get a credit to his account, if possible. If anything not handled by the grocer is wanted by the customer--for in- stance, dry goods, clothing, boots or shoes, or anything of that kind—the grocer gives his customer a credit slip stating the amount due him, which is accepted for the goods needed. The bill is then presented to the grocer, who pays the same, less a small percentage as commission and pay for his_ trouble. As the grocer usually pays almost the retail price for produce his profit comes in a measure from the commissions he receives from other merchants. The plan has been found to work very suc- cessfully. It brings trade to the town, for when a farmer once has a balance to his credit he is not apt to go to some other point for the things he may need. This plan is apparently worthy of con- sideration. It may not be wise to follow it to the letter, but ideas can come out of it. The merchant who keeps think- ing will come nearer to increasing his profits a good deal than the routine dealer. The Macon retailers are evi- dently well in advance, ~ a Little Willie’s Age. Teacher—How old are you, Willie? by Mis- Wilte Im five at home, six at school, and four in the cars. —__<@<_— President Cleveland, three weeks hence, will formally open, at Philadel- phia, the most remarkable institution of its kind in existence—a museum which is designed to contain an assem- blage of the natural and manufactured products of all the countries of the world. Its object is to stimulate com- merce and boom Yankee trade, partic- ularly with South America and Africa. All parts of the United States are inter- ested in the enterprise, to which con- tributions have been made in one shape or another by cities North, South, East and West. The idea is that anybody who has anything to sell shall be en- abled to find out offhand just where and how it is wanted, and the best way to seek the purchasers anywhere on the globe. > o> - K. Sugar, general dealer at Brimley, was in town one day last week for the first time. In addition to his mercan- tile business at Brimley, Mr. Sugar owns and operates an upper leather tan- nery at West Sault Ste. Marie. TUT Te The tuberculin test was applied to 139 cows the other day at dairies supplying the northern part of New York City. It was found that twenty-seven of the animals had tuberculosis. a It is said that there will practically be no crop at all of German belladonna root this year, while in Hungary, which produces the best root, the crop has also been extremely small. —____»@—__ The Dale Bros. Excelsior Co. suc- ceeds the Dale & Brethour Excelsior Co., at the corner of Taylor and Colfax streets. > 2 > “ Zinzer Bros., meat dealers at 26 West Bridge street, have dissolved, Mariin Zinzer succeeding. diapers eaten vi % weanaeteehll as cnet kw st ah 6 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Getting the People Side Lights on Advertising. It is generally a perplexing problem to the smaller advertiser to determine just how often and how much advertis- ing he should do to get the best returns. Every dollar he spends must be counted carefully and much planning done to insure the greatest results. It is bad policy for a retail dealer, for instance, to make up his mind to spend just so much money on advertis- ing every month and no more. Of course, it is better policy to spend $2.50 on advertising to get $25 worth of busi- ness rather than spend $25 to get $2.50 worth of business, but every time a dollar is spent on advertising the adver- tiser can't figure to the fraction of a cent how much business he will get in return, any more than a farmer can measure his crop from every seed sown. The advertiser may get larger and he may get smaller returns than he expect- ed. Your business will regulate how much advertising you need from day to day, just as the weather regulates the amount of fuel you need burn, or as your appetite regulates the amount of food you need eat. You wouldn't be overwise if you made up your mind to burn just so much coal every day in the year in your house furnace, let the weather be hot or cold; or if you made up your mind to eat just so many pounds of food every day in the year, let your appetite be strong or weak. And the need of advertising is precisely the same. Your business needs more one time than another, although it must be fed a reasonable amount all the time. Many things will regulate the amount of advertising your business needs—the condition of the weather, the season- ableness of the goods and the demand forthem. You may need more to-day than you did yesterday or will to-mor- row. A wise farmer sows only enough seed in a field to get a good crop. He doesn’t sow more seed than is neces- sary, but he will sow enough. It’s not a good plan to spread your advertising so thin that you can’t see it and it is a form of economy that isexpensive. On the other hand, it’s not a good plan to spread your advertising so thick that it is wasted. A farmer can sow so much seed in one field as to bring forth a choked crop, not commensurate with the seed planted. The ability to influence people does not necessarily imply either knowledge or refinement. I once heard a socialist orator addressing a street mob. The man’s words were coarse and uncouth, his appearance anything but prepossess- ing. But there was something in his speech that swayed the multitude— something in his words that made _ peo- ple listen, and made them thrill with the memory of wrongs which had not seemed wrongs until then. I forgot all about his faulty diction, and became, for the once, almost a socialist myself! The orator’s views were narrow, many of his arguments palpably unsound; yet he knew intuitively how to sway the multitude before him. Many cultured people lack entirely the faculty which this poor laborer possessed in such abundance. The advertisement writer who lacks it is indeed poorly equipped for his work. Making your meaning clear to the person you are addressing is your man- ifest duty when you are speaking or writing to another, or to others. not enough to know what you mean to | say, nor is it enough to say it so that it) can be understood by another; you ought to say it so that it cannot be mis- understood. If you do that, others will know what you are saying, and what! you want to have them know. It requires thought and effort and wisdom to do this. But it is worth all it costs. A fixed rule for writing advertise- ments is impossible. A very valuable feature of an advertisement rests in its being the expression of the merchant's own idea, and it should be as different from other advertisements as he differs from the men who use them. An adver- tiser gives the public not only the infor- mation regarding the goods conveyed by words, but a person who reads a number of the advertisements as they appear has a pretty definite idea of the character and magnitude of the business done, and of the kind of man _ who does it, and in the end this effect is of more importance than the trade direct- ly resultant from each advertisement at the time of issue. Only one legitimate basis for compe- tition exists, and that is merit. The man who considers cheapness of more consequence than quality, and a vari- able price list more valuable than a rep- utation for trustworthy methods, is wielding a two-edged sword which sooner or later will cut his own throat,as well as that of his neighbors. Under- selling is not competition, although it too often parades as such, for eventual- ly it injures rather than stimulates trade, because its practice is either a sacrifice of rightful profits, a loss which no dealer can long sustain, or a fraud on the public, which is disastrous to rep- utation. Rational and healthy compe- tition concerns itself with building up a reputation for straightforward meth- ods, for good qualities in goods offered, and honest value for fair prices. The number of people who are con- stantly on the lookout to get something for nothing never grows smaller. A trifling article advertised to be given away free with every purchase never fails to influence scores of people in favor of the store making the offer. The article presented, if of any value at all, will, nineteen times out of twenty, be valued more highly than its real worth, because it was obtained free of cost,and will always bring favorable recollections of the store where it was obtained, un- less the article is “‘free’’ in name only and the customer is made to pay dearly for it in the quality or price of other articles purchased. But a merchant so shortsighted as to resort to such prac- tices must expect them to do the boom- erang act. A * * Following are a few sample advertise- ments, clipped from Michigan news- papers, which exhibit excellent taste and possess strong drawing qualities: To Dress Neatly Is an Art. But it doesn’t take an artist to appreciate at first glance the su- perior quality, superb style, excel- Jeut finish. and low price «f the Clothing handjed by us. Always up-to-date with the latest in every- thing. Call and see us. SPRING HATS JUST RECEIVED. FAMOUS CLOTHING STORE. It is} | OBOQODOOQPIOHDGHOOGOHGOOOGOOOSY ; @ ‘ @) i@ > Flapjacks ; x Are now in order. We have nice 6 ® buckwheat flour, delicious maple 6 ~~ syrup, fancy creamery butter and © ® the finest breakfast bacon thatever @© © curled on a gridiron. Combine @ © these four ingredients and you © © have something that will drive © > away sorrow and bring happiness @© = to the most disconsolate. We fur- © ~ nish the separate articles, you do © @ your own compounding. ©) 2 E. RUSSELL, © 3 435 RIVER STREET. © CPQODQDOOODOQDOOQOODOOQGDOQOOOOOOO'S WOMAN’S PRIDE IS HER TABLE A well furnished table largely as- sists domestic happiness. Our stock of groceries comprises every- thing needful to make your bill of fare all that itshouldbe. Peo- ple can’t live too well and_gro- ceries can’t be too good. Look for first-class goods where — first-class goods can be found. Our grocery is such a place and our prices are just what thrifty house-keepers enjoy. Exorbitant pric-s make your victuals taste of money and spoil the flavor. WILHELM, BARTAK & CO. and proper appreciation of dol lars and cents are what induce so many women of refinement, economically inclined. to se-k here for all furniture needs. House-keepers are realizing more and more every day that to buy here means pleasure and much pe fit. It’s a widespread truth that we have solved the ° problem of selling the best furniture at the lowest prices ever quoted in this vicinity. A. R. VAN ALLSBURG. 00-0-0-0-0-00-0-0-0-0-00-0-0-0-0000000-00 Good Judgment o~_—~e-— ee ——e~ —. TO KEEP YOUR ANKLES WARM | e You should get a pair of our ° overgaiters. They will keep away many a bad cold and save many a doetor’s bil], be- sides the comfort you get out of them. They don’t cost e@ much either. All styles, low @ and high cut and all prices. ( JOHN HANSEN, The Shoeman. What you can’t find At most stores you're quite likely to find here, provided it’s GOOD GROCERIES you're after. © DOODOOWQOHOGOOOOOOGOOSOSYS © ‘e s There's only one kind of Groceries we don’t keep—that’s the poor kind. HOSMER BROS., COOPERSVILLE. @ QCOOQQDODOQDOO™S © DOQQDOQDOQDOOOO ODO >? > The Hardware Market. General Trade—There is littie change in the general business situation. The hopeful feeling which has been mani- fested for several weeks continues and, assuming our future finances will be on a more solid basis than ever, there is a general expectation of excelient busi- ness conditions and before long a marked increase in the volume of trade. Changes in prices are few and unim- portant, manufacturers not desiring to solicit future orders at present prices. © @ @ ® © © © © © @ @) © @ @ © © @ @ © @ @ @ @) @ @ @ © © © The disposition of the large trade to buy quite freely is apparent, as the be- lief in any lower prices prevailing is not manifest. Current business is for the most part limited to such goods as are immediately required by the trade, but in many instances this amounts to quite a volume, as stocks in the hands of all dealers are at a very low ebb. Wire Nails—So far as prices are con- cerned, the wire nail market is in sub- stantially the same condition as last week and there has been, considering the circumstances, a fair volume of business. The transactions are limited to the immediate requirements of the trade, jobbers buying very carefully in order to add nothing to their stock of nails, and the retailers purchasing only what they are able to immediately dis- pose of. The general expectation of an early decline is the cause of the adop- tion of this policy, especially as the opinion prevails among the trade that changes will be made certainly by Jan- uary 1 and possibly by December 1. The Nail Association, at its last meet- ing, confirmed existing prices without change. The question of a revision of the nail card was considered and this matter was made a special order for the meeting to be held on December 1. The trade will learn with satisfaction that the manufacturers generally realize the necessity of adopting a new card which will be free from the objections which hold against the present schedule. Barbed Wire—There is no quotable change in the price of barbed wire and the market remains firm. Some of the manufacturers are refusing to accept orders at the exceptionally low prices which were given a week or two ago. There is, also, a general unwillingness to accept orders for future delivery at present prices and some large buyers are reported by the manufacturers to be covering their future requirements by orders for early delivery. Present prices remain as quoted in our last report. Window Glass—The attitude of the window glass manufacturers and_ work- men remains unchanged, neither yet be- ing willing to make concessions so as to reach an agreement on the wage scale. The result is that all the factories are still idle, with no prospect of resump- tion before Dec. 1. Spock in the hands of all jobbers and mills are very much broken. Prices are firm, with an ad- vancing tendency, and all jobbers have withdrawn the extreme quotations that have been made, and at the present writing the following discounts are firm : Glass by the box, 70 and 5 per cent. ; by the light, 65 and 1o per cent. Poultry Netting—While the season for poultry netting is a long way off, prices as quoted for last season’s business have been withdrawn and an advance of Io per cent. has been made by ail manufacturers. _ Cordage—The advance in sisal rope is held firm and all articles containing sisal have had a proportionate advance. The result is that fodder twine, of which a large quantity has been used by farm- ers in all sections of the country, has advanced, in sympathy with sisal rope, about Ic per pound, the present quota- tion on same being 4%c per Ib. _ Raisin Seeders—Owing to the advent in the market of several styles of raisin seeders by other makers, the Enterprise Manufacturing Co. has found it neces- sary to reduce the price of its seeders to the following basis: Family size, $7.50 per dozen; hotel size, $19 per doz. _ Sheet Iron—The demand for sheet iron is quite brisk, but little change is noted for black’sheets. Galvanized iron, however, has had a material advance and the extreme quotations which have been made by manufacturers and the mills have been withdrawn and an ad- vance equal to to per cent. has been made. Jobbers have advanced their price about 5 per cent. THE MICHIGAN TRA®SESMAN 7 ©:0:0:0:0:0:0:O.0.O.0:©.O.0:O:O:O.0:O.©:©.O:©.0:O.OO:O:O:O:O:O:O:©.9'O.0:©.9'0.0'0.© WORDEN GROCER CO., IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS, GRAND RAPIDS. CHEESE DEPARTMENT. Jersey Cheese. Full Cream Michigan. Sap Sago Cheese. Pine Apple Cheese---two sizes. Edam Cheese---tin foil. Brick Cheese. Leyden Cheese. Imperial Club House Cheese. Limberger Cheese. This department is well stocked with the choicest imported and Do- mestic goods that can be procured. Our Jersey cheese is the finest full cream that can be made. We are supplied with a sufficient quantity to last until next May and our friends can be assured of hav- ing uniform goods the entire winter. They are mild and rich. Of the imported goods we secure the best always. The Imperial is put a little high, yet to those who appreciate a delicacy in cheese it is a great favorite. We are exclusive agents for it in Western Michigan. We make a specialty of fine goods in every department of our busi- ness and you can always rely upon securing them from us. Please favor us with your orders for anything you want. ©'©'O'O'O:0:0'0:0:0'O.0.0'O'0O.O:0:0:0:0:00.O0.0:O.O.0:0:0.O:0:0:O10:0.0:0.9.O.0.0:.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0 © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © up in porcelain jars and is very fine, and, although the price may be 3 © © © © © © © © © © 6:10 'O'O:'O.9:0'0'0.0.0.0:0:0:0:0.0.0.0:010.0.0:0:0:0.0.0.0.0:0:0:0.0.0.0:0.0.0.0.0'6 THE: MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Devoted to the Best Interests of Business Men Published at the New Blodgett Building, Grand Rapids, by the TRADESMAN COMPANY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR, Payable in Advance- ADVERTISING RATES ON APPLICATION. Communications invited from practical business men. Correspondents must give their full names and addresses, not necessarily for pub- lication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Subscribers may have the mailing address of their papers changed as often as desired. No paper discontinued, except at the option of the proprietor, until all arrearages are paid. Sample copies sent free to any address. Entered at the Grand Rapids Post Office as Second Class mail matter. When writing to any of our Advertisers, please say that you saw the advertisement in the Michigan Tradesman. E. A. STOWE, EDITOR. WEDNESDAY, - - - NOVEMBER 4, 1896. THE PHILOSOPHY OF HUMBUG. What is the explanation of the success of humbug generally in the world? What was the real secret of Cagliostro? ‘*The History of Remarkable Illusions’’ has already been written; but the phi- losophy of delusions, or illusions, is an- other matter. It has been made a ques- tion by metaphysicians whether or not the human mind is possessed of innate ideas, but it is difficult to avoid the conviction that men everywhere, wheth- er in a savage or civilized condition, do practically rely upon a necessary re- lation of cause and effect. Causes are often obscure, and remote effects are rarely ever precisely calculable; but whether it be the result of observation and education, or whether the conclu- sion be intuitively arrived at, nobody believes in undetermined results. The quack has in all ages assumed the doctrine of efficient causes. His appeal to ignorance has been invariably based upon a pretense of superior knowledge. Charms, conjuration, mighty magic, were in times gone by explained by an assumption of familiar- ity with occult powers or forces, in or over nature. The development of mod- ern science has fixed the conviction of the reign of law. Nobody within the realm of civilization believes any longer in the efficiency of capricious powers or uncertain forces. But, whereas men formerly counted upon the _ esoteric knowledge of a few, their credulity nowadays is mainly centered in a_ pro- found distrust of accredited science in every department of learning. Stevenson, Fulton, Franklin, Morse, Edison—did they learn what they dis- covered in the laboratories supplied by learned foundations? On the contrary, does not experience teach that the world must look to untutored genius for light and guidance? There is a disposition to discount what the schools have _ fur- nished, since so many men without di- plomas have taught new truths and rev- olutionized the methods of practical science. So much has been unex- pectedly accomplished, what may not be expected? It requires a severe course of study tu understand that the attempt to square the circle involves a mathe- matical absurdity; that gold, being an absolutely simple substance, cannot be made of anything else; that decay is a necessary stage in the development of organic nature; that perpetual motion must always be prevented by the resist- ance of friction. It is the regular faculty that teaches these things, and the regular faculty has been time and again discredited by thé achievements of irregulars following the light of na- ture. The quadrature of the circle, the philosopher’s stone, pepetual motion and the elixir of life are still the dreams of optimistic ignorance. Advance in those directions is not enough; the ac- tual ideal is still demanded. There is the story of an engineer who was ordered by his general to build a causeway over a morass on the line of march, within twenty-four hours. He replied that it was impossible. The general, after the manner of Napoleon, said: ‘‘ Nothing is impossible. Make out a requisition for all you need, and do the work ;’’ whereupon the engineer asked for 500 men 20 feet high. With men of that stature the task could have been accom- plished, but nature had forgotten to grow them. So it is with the perfect society. All that is needed is perfect harmony; but the masses are not yet convinced of the impfossibiiity of the conditions. So it is that the world is filled with the prospectuses of social philosophers and philanthropists, insisting that a_per- fect structure can be furnished out of the imperfect materials of human na- ture. In this commercial age, the loudest demand is for a new money. At the first, money was essentially and neces- sarily a thing of intrinsic value. Old Adam Smith said that, in a community where all exchange was immediate, men would naturally begin to devise a medium of exchange. Out of the things that he produced, a prudent man would lay aside something in general request to exchange for the things he could not produce. That was the beginning of money. After a while the money of ex- change became the money of account, and in the course of time the chief use- fulness of money consisted in the fact that it supplied a unit of value, and thereby a standard for a comparison of values. But this whole conception in- volved intrinsic value, and it was cen- turies before any man imagined that an efficient and sufficient monetary system could be based upon an abstract unit, representing nothing in particular, and nothing in itself. Here is a develop- ment of ignorance, exactly formulated and scientifically absurd—taking its place with the philosopher’s stone and the elixir of life. The American people have recently been called upon to consider the merits and demerits of one of the most Utopian schemes ever devised. They have dis- cussed the subject from all possible standpoints and listened patiently to all manner of arguments, pro and con, and have rendered their verdict. It is well that the verdict is so emphatic that appeal is useless and that further agita- tion will not be tolerated. The town of Fremont is notable for the rapidity with which it is recovering from the effects of the financial depres- sion. Most of the important industries are in full operation and building is progressing more rapidly than in any town in that direction. One healthy in- dication is that the city fathers have a steam stone breaker at work preparing the material, by crushing ‘‘ hard heads, ’’ for the improvement of the streets. Merchants generally report trade good and on the whole this seems to be one of the towns to be congratulated in its favorable situation as to business ac- tivity. THE CAMPAIGN ENDED. The political campaign which closed with the election Tuesday was the most remarkable, in many regards, of any that was ever carried on in the United States. Among its distinguishing char- acteristics has been the unusual degree of its adverse influence on business. In this regard it has more than verified the contention of the Tradesman that na- tional campaigns are national calamities so far as business is concerned; it has emphasized that fact as never before in the history of the country. National political campaigns are, doubtless, necessary ; but, when their cost in the sacrifice of financial and _ industrial prosperity is considered, it suggests the inquiry as to whether they are not lux- uries that should be indulged in with as little frequency as possible. It ought to be made plainly apparent that their re- currence every fourth year is an im- perative necessity, a proposition which the Tradesman fails to appreciate, or they should occur with longer intervals. In view of the effects of the one just closed, the query is suggested as to whether the English method of chang- ing administration only when there is an imperative public demand for such change is not the better way. After an experience like the present it may be presumed that there would be some hes- itation in precipitating another fora long time to come. There are two prominent reasons why all national campaigns involve much of business derangement: One of these is a characteristic of all campaigns in the degree of the intensity of interest—the distraction of the public mind from proper business pursuits. The other is an element in the degree to which the issues of the contest involve questions of financial or trade policy. In the one just closed both of these characteristics were in evidence to an eminent degree. The only campaign that can be com- pared with the present in the intensity of interest is the one immediately pre- ceding the war. That the interest at that time was intense is remembered by many, but the fact receives an accen- tuation from the serious consequences usually attributed to it. In this cam- paign there lacked the bitterness of sec- tional feeling that accompanied that of 1860 in localities, but this is more than counterbalanced by the universality of the present interest. This has seemed to permeate every nook and corner of the country; no walk or avocation has been exempt from the intensest interest. Then the questions of financial policy involved were such as to have about as great an influence on business as any which can be imagined. In the discus- sion of these issues there developed such a diversity of opinion as to the probable effect of the different financial schemes proposed that it created the ut- most uncertainty, and with its prover- bial timidity capital has kept out of sight as much as possible. Had the campaign occurred during a time of ordinary business prosperity, it would have been sufficient to create very serious disturbance. Beginning, as it did, just at the lowest decline of the long financial depression, it could not but continue the adverse situation, which it did for a time with increasing effect. But in the midst of the period of excitement and distraction natural economic conditions favorable to a re- turn of prosperity began to make them- selves manifest. For a while it seemed as though these would prevail against the political hindrances. The inflow of gold from Europe was filling the Treas- ury, confidence was improving and it almost seemed as though the wheels of commerce would start. But the political distraction and distrust increased in proportion as the campaign progressed ; and, while they could not wholly neutral- ize the reviving tendencies in some di- rections, they did in others, and in the aggregate it is a Question whether the actual depression in business did not culminate just before the election. Preparations tor the resumption of in- dustrial undertakings were progressing and some factories were venturing to commence work, but everything that could wait over the last weeks was post- poned. Through the month of September the inflow of gold, with its increase of the Treasury reserve, was a strong factor in the increase of confidence. But in Octo- ber a mania for gold hoarding began to develop which not only absorbed all the continued inflow, but attacked the Treasury anew. This mania has been a feature of greater moment in the last month’s financial situation than has been generally realized. Not only have the gold importations been absorbed, but the precious metal has been drawn from banks or wherever it could be obtained and hidden away in safety deposit vaults and stockings. And where gold could not be readily obtained its paper equivalents or other forms of currency have been hidden away in the general distrust of banks and other financial re- positories. Coincident with this abnormal de- mand for the various forms of currency, and partially caused by it, or by the in- creasing trade balance, the bank of England has rapidly advanced its rates from 2% per cent. to 4% per cent. These conditions are sufficient to ac- count for the great money stringency and high rates inthis country. These are so great that, if they were not partially counteracted by the determination to wait in most of the lines demanding the use of money, they could hardly fail to result in panic. But, the distractions and the distrust of the campaign ended, the natural con- ditions of prosperity are now free to re- sume their normal functions. During the long period of waiting the accumu- lation of demand is tremendous. The shelves of the retail merchants are empty. Traveling men have been met with ‘‘wait until after election,’’ or the orders have been given contingent on that event. Taking these considerations in connection with the unusual domes- tic abundance and the favorable condi- tion of foreign trade, it seems scarcely possible but that there will result an im- mediate and substantial revival in all lines of business activity. London clerks complain bitterly of the terrible cempetition they have to meet in the shape of innumerable young Germans who come to that city, not to earn a living, but to learn the language. These invaders are content with wages ridiculously small, as they look upon the service merely as a sort of postgrad- uate course in business methods, and expect to find compensation in the high salaries they will command at home, after it is completed. What is known as manufactured coal, now being imported from China to San Francisco, is said to be entirely new to this continent. It is made by the na- tives out of coal dust and the lumps re- sembie an egg in shape. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 9 EUROPEAN COMBINATIONS. Notwithstanding the assurances pub- lished from time to time to the effect that the Triple Alliance is as strong as ever, there are many evidences that the old ‘‘Dreibund’’ is no longer the power that it was in shaping the des- tinies of Europe. Since the defeat of Italy by Abyssinia, the loss of military prestige by that power has rendered the Triple Alliance distinctly less formi- dable. It is even possible that Italy may drop out of the Alliance at the earliest possible moment, as it was made most painfully apparent to the Italians that the other members of the. triple compact were either unwilling or unable to help them in their hour of trial, the only proffer of aid and comfort coming from Great Britain, a non-member of all the European combinations. The hostility displayed by Germany towards England and several little in- cidents of recent occurrence point to the possibility of an amicable under- standing being eventually reached be- tween Great. Britain, Russia and France. The visit of the Czar to Eng- land and the recent settlement of sev- eral questions long in dispute between France and England point unmistak- ably to more cordial relations, and the rumor that these three powers are prac- tically in accord upon the Turkish ques- tion renders a friendly alliance between them a not impossible result. Should England come to an agree- ment with Russia and France, there is little doubt but that Italy, by force of circumstances, would be drawn into the arrangement. This would not now be difficult, since the bonds of the Triple Alliance have been so materially weak- ened. Even the marriage of the Prince of Naples with the Princess Helen of Montenegro, the daughter of a house notoriously under Russian protection, is a straw which indicates the drift of the current. The most serious obstacle to the sat- isfactory arrangement of all matters in dispute between Great Britain and France is unquestionably the Egyptian question. France can never.be induced to accept the existing order of things in Egypt, and it may as well be admitted that Great Britain will never consent to the withdrawal of her troops from that country. Recent events have indicated, however, that some middle course might be hit upon which would placate France, without wounding the pride of England. France, for instance, might be compensated for the recognition of British annexation of Egypt by being urged to take possession of Morocco and Tripoli, or even of Syria. ‘There has been a distinct drift in the direc- tion of some such arrangement, indi- cated by the recent utterances of the French press and certain French politi- cians. A basis of settlement between Russia and England would be more difficult, owing to the conflicting interests of the two powers in Asia; but no doubt even Russia could be won over by the posses- sion of Armenia and such extensions in the direction of the Mediterranean as would bring nearer the realization of the Russian dream of a modern Byzantine Empire. Momentous changes are undoubtedly impending upon the checkerboard of European diplomacy, and the evidences that new wires are being worked and new combinations effected are becom- ing daily more clear. In this connection it is interesting to note that the cable dispatches have re- peated in a very persistent manner, dur- ing the past few days, the announcement that the European powers have finally agreed upon a basis of settlement of the Turkish question. What the details of this settkement are is not yet known, but the most important fact is that an agreement has been reached which makes possible the joint intervention of the powers and the protection from further outrage of the Christians resid- ing in the Turkish Empire. While the details of the agreement have not yet been divulged, it is known in a general way that Great Britain, France and Russia have agreed upon the method to be followed in coercing the Sultan, and, as no opposition has developed from the other powers, it may be assumed that they are in accord with the three countries named. That all are parties to the agreement is clear, as the opposition of any single one of the great powers would make it impossible to coerce Turkey without imperiling the peace of Europe, which is apparently the alternative that all are seeking to avoid. It is rumored that it is not proposed to dismember the Turkish Empire, but that the various provinces are to be ad- ministered by representatives of the powers. It is also proposed to abolish the provision of the treaty of Paris which prevents warships from passing the Dardanelles. Of course, the proposed settlement does not presuppose that the Sultan will quietly submit to the dictation of the powers. Resistance will be forced upon the Constantinople government by the Turks, whether it is willing or not. Should this resistance prove formidable, the dismemberment of the Turkish Empire might be forced upon the powers, and just here is where the dan- gers of the situation lie, as it is more than likely that the powers, however harmonious they might be in coercing Turkey, would be sure to fall out over the division of the spoil. In this connection it is significant that the Turkish government has recently levied a considerable special tax for the purpose of arming the auxiliary forces. This looks very much like preparation fora struggle, and the Euorpean powers will no doubt make their preparations accordingly. This is a great apple year. Chicago has 1,000,000 barrels stored away already for winter use. This is nearly quadruple that of the ordinary year and is due to the enormous crop and the consequent low prices. Chicago storehouses usually contain from 200,000 to 300,000 barrels, but have run as high as 350,000. At present every inch of available room is full to overflowing, and there are thou- sands of barrels waiting a chance to go into winter quarters. Low prices and the good quality of the fruit have com- bined to bring about an immense move- ment from the producer to the con- sumer. Carload after carload of apples in bulk arrive daily, in addition to the thousands of regularly packed barrels. Shipping the fruit in bulk saves the cost of the barrel and cheapens the fruit to the consumer. Good sound apples are being sold all. over the city by peddlers at from 5 to Io cents a peck. Many Western cities also_ receive their supply in this shape. The same grade of apples in barrels are aiso being sold by merchants as low as 75 to 80 cents a barrel, whiie choice sell at $1 to $1.25, and strictly fancy sorts of the varieties in market are not over $1.50 to $1.75 a barrel. Eastern apples are going to Chicago in competition with the Michigan crop. The New York and New England yield is so large that it can find no adequate outlet. CIVILIZED MEN. What is meant when it is said of a man that he is very highly civilized? In the strictest: sense, a civilized man is simply one who has been trained to live in conformity with the demands of organized society. The maintenance of the simplest form of society requires a partial surrender of individual liberty, and the savage who is faithful to his tribe and obedient to its rulers has al- ready begun his education in civiliza- tion. In its ordinary application, however, civilization has a wider meaning. A member of a wandering Soudanese tribe, no matter how loyal to his chief and how observant of all his tribal ob- ligations, would commonly be classed as uncivilized because of his ignorance, his prejudices and his hostility to the progress of the age in which he lives. He has fitted himself, or circumstances have fitted him,to live in the sort of so- ciety provided by his own tribe, but he is not yet prepared to live on terms of good neighborhood with the more en- lightened races of mankind. It is not merely that he has not been disciplined by the laws and governmental restraints to which good citizens in more advanced countries submit themselves with no sense of oppression; but it is still more because he can neither endure the in- dustrial routine nor share the refined pleasures of a highly cultivated society It is true that in the most civilized countries there is an element of popula- tion which, at the best, must be regard- ed as but superficially civilized. The people who dwell in the slums of the great cities of Europe and America, within a few minutes’ walk of churches, schools, public libraries and art galler- ies, are very little, if at all, removed from a condition of crude savagery. Many of them, perhaps the majority of them, are really less civilized than the fierce and illiterate Soudanese_ war- rior, of whom it can at least be said that he respects the laws of his tribe and cherishes a sincere sentiment of patriot- ism. The children of the slums are brought up in revolt against the law and in ignorance of the arts and sciences that embellish the whole fab- ric of modern civilization. But these people vote, they have their share in the government of the land, and so they are enabled to take their revenge upon the society which has so_ foolishly neglected them. But still the question, ‘* What is meant by a highly civilized man?’’ has hardly been answered. To the common mind there is probably no question of differ- ence in regard to civilization between one good citizen and another, and there is more or less surprise when some one person is pointed out as an exceptional- ly civilized man. In so far as the word remains etymologically true, it must al- ways convey some idea of personal sub- ordination to social demands; but it can be used to describe something very different from simple obedience to laws that are formally made and promulgated by legislative authority. A highly civilized man has, beyond his respect for law, an abiding sense of the obliga- tions of neighborhood, and the higher his civilization the wider is the realm that he recognizes as his neighborhood. Moreover, in the best society—that is to say, in the most cultivated and re- fined—there is a body of etiquette, con- ventions and ‘‘convenances,’’ usages and observances, stamped by the recog- nition and observance of gentle folk with an authority undisputed by the well-bred—an unwritten code regulat- ing the intercourse of polite people everywhere. It has been said that the best society has essentially the same manners in all countries; and it is easy to understand why thjs should be so, since good taste is not a question of nationality. On the other hand, it seems to be ad- mitted that there are different types of civilization. Men speak of the civiliza- tion of Greece and the civilization of Rome, of mediaeval civilization and modern civilization, and when one asks whether there can be any difference, except in degree, between the civiliza- tion of one age and another, or of one country and another, the answer is that there is also a difference in expression, and, in some respects, perhaps, also a difference in tendency. But when this claim is analyzed it seems to grow out of some confusion, scme failure to make a due distinction between culture and civilization. The distinction, how- ever, is real, though culture and civili- zation are so closely and reciprocally related as cause and effect that it is easy to overlook the difference. CUBA AND AMERICAN TRADE. Some days ago a report was circulated to the effect that /President Cleveland was on the point of issuing a very sen- sational proclamation on the Cuban question, and that he would probably summon an extra session of Congress to authorize certain coercive measures which were in contemplation. Of course, such reports were stock-jobbing yarns of the first water and the wonder is that so many people were found will- ing to place any credence in them. It is reasonably certain that Mr. Cleveland will make no change in his policy towards Cuba until some further important developments occur. In the meantime, however, there is no denying that our trade with Cuba, which is very valuable, has been seriously curtailed by the revolution in progress there. Our exports to Cuba during the last fiscal year were less than a third of what they were in 1893. Our shipments of flour alone shrank from 616,000 bar- rels in 1893 to 176,000 barrels last year. Prior to last year Cuba furnished us with the bulk of our raw sugar, while last year our imports were less than 200, 000 tons. This loss of trade is a very powerful argument in favor of American interfer- ence in Cuban affairs, and explains the constant pressure that is being brought to bear in favor of recognizing the in- surgents. Aside from such selfish con- siderations, however, there can be no doubt that the success of the Cuban patriots has entitled them to be recog- nized as deserving belligerent rights by the leading powers. A controversy has arisen as to who invented lucifer matches. France claims the invention for Charles Sauria, who, in 1830, at a lecture of M. Nicolet, pro- fessor of chemistry at Dole, in the Jura, on-the explosive properties of chlorate of potash, conceived the idea that a combination of phosphorus with the detonating chemical might furnish a more satisfactory method of producing fire than the old flint and steel. His experiments were attended by success, but M. Nicolet, on a visit to Austria, gave the thing away. M. Sauria is to have a statue erected to his memory England also claims the discovery by priority, and puts forward Mr. Walker, of Stockton, who was already manufac- turing matches from chlorate of potash and sulphide of antimony, in 1829. se nr atte A REAR te ete 0 10 WOMAN IN BUSINESS. Result of Trying to Be Wife, Mother and Drummer. From the New York Sun. This story is in the nature of a contri- bution to the world’s knowledge on _ the subject of the new woman, so called. It is an account of a woman who is trying to be a wife, a mother, and a commer- cial traveler all at the same time, and of some of the results of her experi- ment. It is a true story, although it may seem to run in some particulars along the lines on which the humorists have been presenting the new woman to the public. The only changes that have been made are in immaterial de- tails, which have been altered so as to conceal the identity of the characters from their neighbors and acquaintances. This particular new woman was, aS a girl, bright, spirited, popular and full of gumption. She was educated at the public schools, and when she was grad- uated differed in no respect in her de- sires and ambitions from the girls who were her companions. She becamea new woman later, not on account of any theory in which she felt interest, but through force of circumstances. Her father was a book-keeper. He died suddenly, leaving his family with straitened means. This daughter quickly decided that she wouid set her- self at work to earn money with which to help out her mother. She found em- ployment in a big store and liked it. Here she obtained some business train- ing, which, perhaps, influenced her decision later, and, what was of more importance, the natural independence and self-reliance of her character were developed as they never would have been had she remained at home. Not all shop girls are anaemic, oppressed, pastry-eating creatures. There are among them young womien with brains, determination, high spirit, and good health, and such young women get along. This girl was one of them. She had aptitude for her employment, was clear-headed and energetic, and did so well at it that she assured for herself Ww Ww Ww Ww Ww ree ue rey ree ua rea un rata wt a ue a ue au 2 = = = = — = J 3 J # oe. = = — si = WwW Ww J J s iw = dade — << ox — WwW ‘ #7 = = ment of May 29, 1806. = THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN such promotion as the place offered. Before promotion came she married. All things considered, it was a sen- sible marriage, and they got along very well. The husband was in another line of business, and was making so much money that it was both unnecessary and undesirable for his wife to continue longer in the store. She was rather sorry to give up her occupation, but she quickly picked up new interests at home, and displayed in the new field the same energy and cleverness that she had devoted to business. The result was that she had soon set up a pleasant and attractive home. The man she had married was a good-looking, popular fellow, and gave every promise of mak- ing a good husband. While there was an element of weakness in his charac- ter, the energy lent by association with his wife kept him up to the mark. Sev- eral children were born, and’ were brought up well. Altogether it was a nice household. Although the wife never neglected her domestic duties, she spent a good deal of time with her friends, and was con- stantly seeking outside channels into which to direct her surplus energy. One of these channels happened to be a charitable fair, the management of which, owing to a series of mischances, fell almost exclusively into her hands. Here she displayed so much energy and business ability that the success of the affair was attributed to her efforts. One of the persons interested in the fair was a business man with a large trade out- side the city. His attention was at- tracted by her work and evident talent, and he spoke to her several times on the subject. ‘*T wish I could get women with your shrewdness to go traveling for me,’’ he said repeatedly. ‘*I could make it well worth their while by the money they would earn.’”’ The suggestion set the woman to thinking. The family were then living in a suburban town. They had bought their house, but had not paid for it in full. About this time there came upon the husband several unexpected de- mands for money, while simultaneously his business was affected by unfavorable influences. There was an installment of a mortgage about due, and the hus- band could not get the money together without pinching. His wife knew all about his affairs, and spoke of the sug- gestion made by the business man. The business was a good deal of the same nature as that which she had doneat the store, and, as a matter of fact, she was rather attracted by the idea of the ex- citement which the work would afford. But what she said to her husband was that, if she gave up part of her time to business, she would be able to earn enough money to put their affairs on a sound footing. She had no idea of de- voting more than a few hours for a few days of a week to business. Aftera good deal of hesitation the husband gave his consent to the plan, and the wite went to see the merchant who had spoken to her. He jumped at the chance of employing her, and soon arranged a plan by which she earned about $25 a week eventually, without having to go too far from the city or having to devote all her time to business. The money so earned eased up matters considerably in the household and overcame what ever scruples the husband had about permitting his wife to be a drummer. The wife had ample time apart from her business duties to attend to her fam- ily and her household. Up to this point no specific harm had been done. The line she was traveling in was pe- culiarly suited to a woman, and she proved to be just the woman for it. She not only obtained larger orders from oid customers, and got new customers, but she furthermore handled several deli- cate matters with skill and success. Her judgment as to what her customers wanted and what was likely to prove taking with the public turned out to be excellent, so that, all around, her opinion was frequently consulted. One _ natural result was that her employer was con- stantly at her trying to persuade her to extend her territory, and stay away from THE CELEBRATED IS THE STANDARD winner, as it steadily increases his trade. absolutely guaranteed. TEA IMPORTERS, = aa ci ran a ue ra ue ro rue ue CU = that tea dealers everywhere have vainly tried to reach ever since our startling announce- Our sales have been enormous and everyone who handles it is a There will be no advance in price. W.J. GOULD & CO., a DETROIT, MICH. home a week or so atatime. This she flatly refused to consider at first, but a second result of her success was that the proposition became more and more tempting to her pride and also to her regard for her family. On the one hand she would be able to earn a great deal more under the new plan than under the old, and on the other hand there seemed to be no real objections to it. Her children were of an age when they no longer required her constant care, she had a servant whom she knew she could trust, her husband would look after things and she would be home almost every week. The greatest difficulty seemed to be the matter of traveling alone and associating with strangers. The former part of it was overcome by making out a list of hotels on her regu- lar circuit and arranging in advance, thus taking away some of the terrors of going to strange places. The matter of dealing with strangers also grew less formidable as she thought over it. She was brought by her busi- ness into contact with women largely, and as for the men, they met her on the common ground of business, and were easily restrained from leaving it. She met with neither rudeness on the one hand nor suspicious courtesy on the other. This state of affairs was a high tribute to her business ability, for it happened that she was handsome in looks and attractive in manner. Thus it was that by degrees she became a full-fledged drummer. She commonly left her home on Monday morning, and got back on Saturday night. Occasion- ally she spent a few days with her fam- ily, but most of the time she was on the road. Her earnings rose, too. The family removed from the suburbs into the city, because that was more convenient for the wife. They found a four-story house in a good neighbor- hood, let out two stories as furnished rooms, and occupied the rest them- selves. That was the wife’s idea. Thus they had three sources of income; the wife's earnings, the husband’s, and the house’s. The income from the furnished x e< cf ee z ce — = =o = ‘ —) . = r 0 NM Quality cr NM J rooms about paid their rent, so that it will be seen that their affairs were in a prosperous condition. About this time the tide seemed to turn. As has been said, the husband had elements of weakness in his character, and life in the city developed them. While his wife was there to amuse him, he had been content to spend his even- ings at home. When she was away, es- pecially after their removal] to the city, he gradually got into the habit of stay- ing out nights. Onenight when he had not come home to dinner, his eldest daughter, while watching for him, heard a fumbling at the front door. She ran to the door, opened it, and saw her father trying to fit his latchkey. ‘“Why didn’t you open the door?*’ he said crossly. ‘‘Why did you keep me waiting?’’ ‘‘Why, papa,’’ she replied, ‘‘I ran as soon as I| heard you.’’ ‘*No, you didn't. Shut your blamed mouth,’’ he retorted, and went and threw himself on a lounge. Soon he was fast asleep. The girl after watching him in doubt and perplexity, went and told her brother. He listened to her story with frowning brows, and then blamed her. ‘*You oughtn’t to have contradicted him,’’ he said. ‘‘Don’t tell anybody about it.”’ ‘*But what made him talk like that? I didn’t do a thing,’’ she said. ‘*None of your business,’’ replied her brother. ‘‘ Don't talk about it.’’ If she did not understand then what the trouble was, its nature was soon borne in upon her and then a feeling of shame kept her silent. it was some time before the mother learned about her husband’s conduct, and when she did it was through this daughter. The girl was apt to be tenacious of what she considered her rights. One evening he came home long after the dinner hour. ‘“‘Why isn’t there any dinner for me?’’ he demanded when he saw the empty table. ‘*Dinner was ready hours ago,’’ she replied, impertinently in fact if not so intentionally. f you wanted dinner you should have been here at dinner time,.’’ It should be said in explanation of this speech that the girl was supposed, by a pleasant fiction, to take her moth- er’s place, and that these same words had been used by the-mother when tke children had been late sometimes at meals. The girl evidently thought that it was the right thing to say. The father was not in a mood to reason or make excuses for others, and saw only the im- pertinence of the words. So he slapped her face. The blow was not a hard one, but it was the first the girl had ever received. She sobbed and screamed and _ refused to be comforted by the servant. The lat- ter told her mistress about the occur- rence, and the causes leading up to it, when she returned from her drumming trip. Then the wife found herself con- fronted by a difficult dilemma. Fora long time she debated whether she should give up business and devote her- self to her home. She asked the advice of her friends on the subject. On the one hand, she felt confidence that she could restore order in ber home if she were there, and could keep her husband in bounds; on the other hand, she knew that outbreaks on his part were not fre- quent, and she had had little cause of complaint against him for most of the time she had been away. But the most important reason that influenced her to continue her trips was the fact that money was needed in the family. Her husband had been paying less attention to business than formerly. Owing to the increasing earnings of his wife, he had been feeling less and less responsi- bility about providing for his family, and had, moreover, been less fitted to attend to business. He spent a good deal of his time about the house in the morning, saying that it needed some one to look after it. Now, the house had been furnished on credit, and some of the notes given in payment were about to fall due. The wife argued that, if she continued her trips for a few months longer, no harm could come to her hus- THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN band or her children, and she would be able to pay off all the indebtedness on the furniture. It may be, also, that she had become so used to the excitement and variety of her traveling life that she could not bring herself to give it up all at once. At any rate she decided to keep it up for the time being. While she was at home between trips she could not conceal trom herself the evidences of a process of deterioration that was going on. Her husband be- haved pretty well, on the whole, but it was plain that he had lost the respect toward his home which he had felt previously, and was inclined to assert his independence. The chilrden, too, were deteriorating in their manners and ideas, having no restraining influence constantly controlling them. The wife was seriously considering whether she should not make up her mind to aban- don her trips away from home at once, when something else happened. The rent of the house in which they lived was far more than they could afford to pay, hut by letting out two floors of the house in furnished rooms they got their home practically rent free. Of the income from this source by far the larger part came from the second floor, which was rented to a man with his family. Some doubt had been felt by the wife about him, and she had asked her husband to investigate his references, because she had not had time to attend to the matter herself. When she returned from one of her trips she found the tenant installed in the house, her husband having let him in to avoid giving himself trouble. This man showed a sociable disposi- tion, and one night met the husband on his way home. ‘*Let’s have a drink,’’ he said. The result was that the tenant helped the husband home. The next morning he stopped in to see his landlord. ‘*Say,’’ he said, ‘‘you’re such a good fellow that I want to ask a favor of you. I want to hang you up for the week’s rent. I am a little short now because I’m out of a job, but in a couple of weeks I’m promised a $5,000 place. Is it all right? Then have an eye- opener.”’ Having once established his credit, the tenant paid his rent when he pleased. The husband was supposed to look alter the house while his wife was away, and it was a disagreeable surprise to her when she discovered one day that they were a couple of months behind in their rent, because this tenant had been permitted to roll up a debt whose _pro- portions were serious to them. At the same time further inroads had been made upon her husband’s business ca- pacity by his sessions with the tenant. Thus the wife found herself confronted with the necessity of earning money to pay off the arrears of rent, as well as the notes for the furniture. That is the situation of the family at present. The husband is earning less and less, and the house is costing more and more, because they do not dare to put the unprofitable tenant out, fearing to lose what he owes if they should do so. The woman tells her friends that, though things seem to be going from bad to worse in her family, it does not seem possible for her to stay at home long enough to straighten matters out. The necessity of earning money pre- vents that. As has been said, this is a true state- ment of facts. The proper conclusion to be drawn from it, whether or not the family would be better off if the wom- an had continued to devote herself to her home duties, and had not entered the sphere heretofore possessed by man, is a question about which the parties chiefly in interest do not agree. The man blames everything and everybody except himself for existrng troubles. The woman has not yet lost faith en- tirely in herself and her star, and does not admit that she was wrong in em- barking in a business career at the vut- set. The children wish that their moth- er were home, and the servant blames her mistress for traveling around when she is needed at home, and her master for permitting it. One thing is certain, the wife has put her hand to the plough and cannot turn back now. 11 GREAT VALUE SANCAIBO COFFEE 2 = SHALL WE HAVE The Gold standard? We offer a substitute for Gold. Good as Gold. What are we speaking of? Why Are they legal tender? Whether ‘Jegal’’ or not is uncertain, but they are certainly ‘‘tender.’’ THE ALBERT LANDRETH MANITOWOC, WIS. ——el Oe WORDEN GROCER CO., Sole Agents for Grand Raplds and Vicinity. CO,, — a 0 Credit for the above idea should be given to the Norton Can Co. Minstrels, Chicago. a acaaciaa eee le ERNE I ON THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Hardware How-to Display Stoves. From St. Louis Stoves and Hardware Reporter. It is astonishing to notice how little attention is given to the matter of suit- able backgrounds in the average win- dow displays of stoves or hardware. Merchants in these lines generally seem to think that the goods themselves, with some little attempt at effective arrange- ment, are sufficiently attractive. As a consequence the average display in these lines has a dismal effect on the passer-by, the dead effect of the prepon- derance of black surface presented be- ing only relieved by the nickel orna- mentation on the stoves, the bright steel surfaces in hardware and cutlery and what tinware and aluminum ware Is shown. If any attempt at background is made, black is usually considered the only thing suitable. There is a cry- ing need of backgrounds that have life in them. Even in the case of bright steel goods, which the average hard- ware dealer thinks it impossible to show properly on anything but black, there are warm deep colors which will bring out the goods just as prominently, will serve to attract the eye better than black and will not show dust and dirt, as will black. It isa fact, attested to by win- dow dressers in many lines, that a deep orange is one of the most effective back- grounds for displays of goods, other than fabrics, which present mostly dead black surfaces. It 1s one of the most penetrating colors. Glance down the street at a fruit stand and the oranges on it catch the eye before anything else. The efficacy of orange can be seen in its extensive use in shoe windows. It is robably the best color that can be used or a window in which stoves which have but little nickel work on them can be displayed. If there is much nickel other colors are best, and will be indi- cated later. A good stove and cooking utensil win- dow can be made by setting the stove or stoves in the center and front of the window and constructing semi-circular shelves in back. These shelves, and such portion of the back wall as is not taken up by them, should be draped in orange cheese cloth, plaited on the wall above or below the shelves and on the background of the latter. On the shelves themselves the cloth is placed smoothly but puffed at the edges. On the shelves place the kitchen utensils, skillets, stew pans, tin and granite ware, etc., taking care that the goods having bright sur- faces are not in a group by themselves, but distributed among the darker goods. Small kitchen implements can be sus- pended from the edges of the shelves between the puffs of the cheese cloth, care being taken that they are not so numerous or large as to obscure the goods back of them. A good covering for the floor of this window would be linoleum or oil cloth with dark brown ground and yellow figures. In case the stoves are nickeled, and bright surfaces greatly preponderate in the goods shown on the shelves, it would be better to use maroon (a dark shade of red), dark blue, or even a very dark green. In this case the oil cloth could still be brown, with figures the color of the background. Better effects in these col- ors, which are very rich, can be ob- tained in cotton flannel than in cheese cloth. Cotton flannel costs from 7 to 15 cents a yard. A very good dispiay can be made by draping the back of the window in cloth plaited from top to bottom, with festoons of the same color along the top. In the middle of the window erect an arch. For a window ten by ten feet the arch should be about eight feet wide at the base and eight feet high. Place two uprights, three inches wide and four feet high, at a distance of four feet from each other. On these place half of a circle eight feet in diameter, made of three-inch strips and you have your arch. The frame of your arch should be puffed in cloth the same color as the background. Under the arch placea stove. If it is a cooking stove, suspend cooking utensils from the top, and fas- ten them on the sides. If a heating stove, pokers, shakers, coal hods, vases, shovels, tongs, etc., can be shown on the arch. As to the color of the cloth to be used and the colors in the oil cloth used on the floor, the same considera- tions as indicated in the first display referred to should be followed. If there is a pane of glass in the side of the window next to the entrance of the store, it would be best to show goods on the back wall of the window, but not so thickly as to obscure the background too much. Bright steel or aluminum goods and silverware can be shown to good ad- vantage on dark blue cloth. Pocket knives, with blades open, show well on dark orange or a medium shade of green. —__—~>2.____ Machine-Cut Files. Files have long since ceased to be cut by hand in America and, while many English manufacturers held out fora long time, they are now rapidly coming into line. Some of them are still turn- ing out hand-cut files, clinging to the ancient superstition that they are better than machine-cut goods, but the last support has been taken away from them by a contract just given out by the government, specifications for which are now in the hands of a Sheffield firm which contain the distinct stipulation that the files are to be machine-cut. This is the first time that specifica- tions from the government have con- tained such a provision, and it is be- lieved by the manufacturers of hand-cut files themselves to be the last nail in the coffin of their cherished process, and they say they must now adopt ma- chines or be forced out of business. They have been at a disadvantage ever since the workers obtained an advance of 10 per cent. on their wages. The excellent quality of the American machine-cut files, which are playing a big figure in the English hardware trade, has undoubtedly much to do with the present state of affairs. One ironmonger was recently reported, in an English trade paper, as saying that fully 90 per cent. of the files sold by him are of American make. It is a well-known fact that it was an American manufacturer who first used a machine that turned out files so cut as to compete seriously with hand-cut files. Prior to that time all machines introduced in Europe, as well as this country, had been very im- perfect. The file cutter will soon be as much of a back number in England as here. There are still a few here who are following their old calling, but they do it mainly by calling at the hardware stores and factories in the large cities, obtaining old files and re-cutting them, having hard work to make a third of their former wages. —_—__>2.______ Would Not Resort to False Repre- sentations. ‘*No,’’ said the old shopkeeper stern- ly, ‘‘I will not do it. Never have I sold anything by false representations, and I will not begin now.’’ For a moment he was silent, and the clerk who stood before him could see that the better nature of his employer was fighting strongly for the right. ‘*No,’’ the old man cried again, ‘‘ will not do it. It is an inferior grade of shoe, and I will never pass it off as anything better. Mark it, ‘A Shoe Fit for a Queen,’ and put it in the window. (A queen does not have to do much walking. )”’ — A woman may be of great assistance to her husband in business by wearing a cheerful smile. A man’s perplexities and gloom are incresed a hundredfold when his wife has a continual scowl on her brow; whereas, a cheerful wife is a rainbow set in the sky when her hus- band’s mind is tossed with storms and tempests. Ee eg Statistics for last year just published show that there was a marked reduction of serious crime in Scotland. About 100,000 persons were arrested for drunk- enness and disturbance, nearly one- fifth of which were in Glasgow alone. Send for Catalogue. FOSTER, STEVENS & CO., GRAND RAPIDS. A large number of hardware dealers handle THE O#I0 LINE im. ADAMS & HART, Gene ral Agents, Grand Rapids. TEED GUTTERS OHIO PONY CUTT Fig. 783. No. 11%. ER Made by SILVER MAN’PF’G CO., Salem, Ohio. This cutter is for hand use only, and is a strong, light-running machine, It is adapted to cutting Hay, Straw and Corn-fodder, and is suitable for parties keeping from one to four or five animals. There is only one size, and is made so it can be knocked down and packed for shipment, thus securing lower freight rate. Has one 114 inch knife, and by very simple changes makes four lengths of cut. We also have a full line of larger machines, both for hand or power. Write for catalogue and prices. With an Eye to Business. From Hardware. The next three months will be months of energy and activity, if our manufac- turers are awake to the prospective ad- vantages of the season of prosperty des- tined to follow the last four years of ad- verse conditions. The dealers will eagerly peruse the trade journals in their respective lines, scanning the many details of the advertising therein, with an eye meaning business in every glance. The regular annual advertising patron of the paper knows the impor- tance of a continuous announcement, but the irregular or occasional advertiser should be reminded that, in the compass of those few months, the foundation stones of his success for 1897 will have to be laid, in order to build for a future business, the stability of which will not be hampered by the limited conditions that have made the past few years so discouraging and unprofitable. From the present indications, it may be safely prophesied that 1897 will open with the healthiest demand for regular and well-assorted stocks of general hard- ware the trade has known for years, and this state of affairs will be brought about by the absolutely depleted shelves of every hardware store in the country. Owing to the lack of confidence of our merchants in the political outlook, the low prices now prevailing in this extensive line have not been availed of as readily as business precedents would justify. It is just as certainly known by every handler of hardware that the present unprofitable prices cannot pos- sibly be sustained, and that an advance all along the line will be in order at the very first opportunity. The tide of improvement thus set in will stimulate to unwonted activity all branches of trade, and the manufactur- er, jobber or retailer who will derive the greatest advantage will be the one who doesn’t wait until the movement is already under way, and then endeavor to hedge on his conservative views by starting a series of ‘‘rush’’ orders, which, in the face of a brisk demand, of which daily orders will then give evi- dence, no manufacturer can consistently entertain, except at prices that promise more of profit than any similar trans- actions for a year previous. From the manufacturer to the retail- er, stocks have been kept at a low ebb, until orders for current supplies have emanated from the jobber that in amount would have once madea retailer feel ashamed to give his wholesale house as an exhibition of his local wants. There are no overstocks to-day of staples in hardware in any section of the country. These wants cannot be supplied, nor will they be, at the wav- ing of a magician’s wand. It will mean months of delay after the receipt of orders, which will be forwarded on every hand, with no possibilities of an immediate fulfilment, in which case countermands will necessarily follow, and the same orders sent to makers or dealers in similar goods will so mag- nify the usual conditions of business that it will seem as though we never had such an era of prosperity to take advantage of, with so complete an_in- ability to profit by it. In order that our advertising patrons may share in this period of approaching good fortune, we urge upon them the manifest advantages of an immediate advance along these progressive meth- ods, making the possible buyer familiar with their persuasive announcements, the beneficial results of which will be demonstrated more quickly than ever before in the annals of hardware. —___>2-2>—___ The Law of Averages. From Shoe and Leather Facts. Have you ever stopped to think what a wonderful thing is the law of aver- ages? You, of course, know about the tables of mortality arranged by the in- surance experts, which are based on the law referred to. They cannot tell you, as an individual, just how many years, months and days you have to live, but, taking you as a member of the great hu- man race, they can do so almost to the THE MICHIGAN fraction2of a®day. OneZof the experts of the,Weather Bureau _states that,the mean temperature of any year has not varied more than two degrees in acentury. In other words, if we have very cold weather in the winter, we will have sufficient heat during the remaining months of the year to counterbalance it. It may be distributed over such a length of time that it is not noticeable, but the law of averages is, nevertheless, working out its inevitable result. The law applies with almost equal precision in business. The average man comes to business about the same time every morning, pursues the same routine during the day, and finishes his work at the same hour. The causes which last year actuated him to put forth greater effort during the busy season are most likely present this year and lead toa like result upon his mental and_ phys- ical make-up. Because he has been pur- suing certain methods for a series of years, although they may not have led to the most desirabie results, is a power- ful incentive to him to continue them. hose who are wiiling to subject themselves to the necessary discipline to rise above the average are the ones who become known as great manufacturers and merchants, or as excelling in what- ever other vocation to which they may devote their attention. It requires, un- doubtedly, more than average effort, and when they enter into this upper sphere they find themselves in a consid- erable measure isolated. If they ask advice, they are almost certain to re- ceive an ‘‘average’’ answer. They must also be willing to endure sharp criticism from those who, laboring on a lower plane, cannot understand the reasons which actuate them in the course they pursue. It is worth noting, however, that he who comes up toa fair average in his achievements has undoubtedly consider- able cause for feeling at least a reason- able degree of satisfaction. ~ AO Keep Up to Date. The prevailing cry for newness and originality is so great that a merchant is required to keep every faculty on the alert, and give no occasion for the cry of ‘‘chestnuts’’ from competitors or customers. It will be found that nine times in ten beauty and newness in foot- wear will appeal more strongly to a patron than utility, and he who sits down and complacently prides himself on the fact that his shelves are well filled with a_ stock of good substantial footwear, even though it may be almost old enough to say ‘‘chestnuts’’ itself, will live long enough, without doubt, to find out his mistake. It has become ab- solutely necessary to ‘‘keep in the swim’’ in order to keep out of the swamp. ee Give Them a Show. From the Dry Goods Economist. There are iines of goods in every de- partment tbat are rarely shown in the windows, rarely spoken of in the adver- tisements and still more rarely made use of in special sales. They are all-the- year staples; they sell at all seasons. People are always ready to buy them, but in some instances they may not know that you have them. Anyway, they don’t always think of your store as the place to go for them when they re- quire them, and simply because they have not heard you speak of them or show them. Hunt these strange lines up and give them a front place. —~> 02 Manchester, N. H., is likely to pay a high price for the reckless folly shown in cutting down all the trees along the Merrimac. The consequence is that the river runs almost dry during the sum- mer and winter, while every spring and fall are marked by a destructive flood. Unless this condition of affairs be soon changed the great Amoskeag mills _ will have to substitute steam for water power, and it is doubtful whether they wili be able to compete with the fac- tories in tidewater cities, like Fall River and New Bedford, where the cost of coal is not increased by railroad transportation. TRADESMAN Hardware Price Current. AUGURS AND BITS le Se 70 SRCTRUEIIE , DOU wen ce 25410 seniemee. Mamie... 5... 60410 AXES First Quality. S. B. Bronze ................. 5 00 First Quality, D. B. Bronze................. 9 50 First Quality. S. B.S. Steel...... .......... 350 Birst Quality. D. B. Steel... ............... 10 50 BARROWS AGO ...-812 00 14 00 CO net 30 00 BOLTS 2 60 Carriage new list.. .. a ee 40&10 BUCKETS Well pias... se .-83 2 BUTTS, CAST Cast Loese Pin, Geured......... ........... 70 Wrougat Narrow... 58... %H&10 BLOCKS Ordinary Tackle.... .......... 70 CROW BARS Cast Steer. 5... .-per lb 4 CAPS Miva 210.0 ic ee perm 65 Hicks Ve perm 55 a)... erm «=§6SS MGS perm 60 CARTRIDGES EE ae We ae cues 2 ee. ee eee... CSC B& 5 CHISELS Mocha. WiNNGE. 2c 80 focee Feee................. 80 Socket Corner... dee 80 Soenet Seka 80 DRILLS Morse’s Bit Stocks ..........- . 60 ‘Taper and Straight Shank..................- 50k 5 Mosse’s Vaper Shank... ...:.............. ..5Se & ELBOWS Com. 4piece,6in...... ............dom, net 55 Comiewsee. ee 1 23 Ag@vostamie.. 3 dis 40&10 EXPANSIVE BITS Clark’s small, $18; large, $26...... 30&10 ives’, 1, G0: 2 ae4; 3 Se... 25 FILES—New List New Americaw 8... 7&10 OO 70 Delier a Meme Meeee...................... -60&10 GALVANIZED IRON Nos. 16 to 20; 22 and 24; 25 and 26; 27. ..... 28 List 12 13 14 15 16... 17 Discount, 7 GAUGES Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s............... 60&16 KNOBS—New List Door, mineral, jap. trimmings.... ......... 70 Door, porcelain, jap. trimmings............ 80 MATTOCKS M@ze Wye... $16 00, dis 60&10 Pies Byes. $15 00, dis 60410 Hames | (8. $18 50, dis 20&10 MILLS OCofee Parverm Covs...... 2... 40 Coffee, P. S. & W. Mfg. Co.’s Malleables... 40 Coffee, Landers, Ferry & Clark’s........... 40 Comee, Muterwrise.............. ... eee 30 MOLASSES GATES Stehoias Pattern. ....0.:..... . _ ...... 2 Gee ee eee 60&10 Enterprise, self-measuring ....... -. . ...- 30 NAILS Advance over base, on both Steel and Wire. Gieel walle OMHG 8 e. 2 Wire nails, base..... ee 2 to @ arvence................ - a ASSSSSASARSSSSASTHES Ce a — el. ee ieee Se. eee ES eee rian © ........ | ee Wig 6... .--........... ss Meee ceeds Chloe ie. Cnn s |... Le. Cee Oe es wees, Roe Oe a PLANES Ohio Tool Co.'s, fancy...............-...._.. @50 ee a ee eee ce 60 Sandusky Tool Co’s, fancy............--++- @50 Bench, firstquality........-....----......-.- @50 Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s wood......... 60 PANS Bry, Semen 60&10&10 Common, polished.....................-.. W& 5 RIVETS Tron and Tinmed .... -....-..-.. .......-... 60 Copper Rivets and Burs..............--++--- 60 PATENT PLANISHED IRON “A”? Wood’s patent planished, Nos. 24 to 27 10 20 ““B” Wood’s patent planished, Nos. 25 to 27 9 20 Broken packages %c per pound extra. HAMMERS Maydole & Co.’s, new list........ ....-- dis 3334 Wigs 2 dis 2 Verles & Plusive........................ dis 40&10 Mason’s Solid Cast Steel.......... .. 30c list 70 Blacksmith’s Solid Cast Steel Haud 30c list 40&10 13 HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS Stamped Tin Ware.... ... new list 7510 Japanned Tin Ware.. 20&10 Granite Iron Ware................. new list 40&10 HOLLOW WARE aie 60410 Metks ..... 6010 Ee 60&10 HINGES Gate, Clark's, §,2%,3..................... dis 60&10 Sie. per doz. net 2 50 WIRE GOODS eee 80 I EE 80 ee 80 Gate Hooks and Byés............-.........- 80 LEVELS Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s............ dis 70 ROPES Sisal. 36 inch and larger............... -... 5% ee 8% SQUARES Mice and ten. 80 Try and Bevels.... ..... ......++++-- deeuca Mire ee SHEET IRON com. smooth. com. Moe i060... $3 30 $2 40 Nee i8tam......... .. .........3353 2 40 mos ie ....-..---.. .... ... . 2 ae 2 60 Woe Stoste ..................... 3 oe 27 Noa S tom... .................... oa 2 80 or Na 27... ...................... «oe 2 90 All sheets No. 18 and lighter, over 30 inches wide not less than 2-10 extra. SAND PAPER List acet WS.... dis 50 SASH WEIGHTS Solid Bees......... per ton 20 00 TRAPS Steel Game... .-.....- GO&10 Oneida Community, Newhouse’s.... rn 50 Oneida Community, Hawley & Norton's 70&104 10 Mouse, €horer...... 2.2.2... .... per doz 15 Mouse, dolusion................. per doz 12 WIRE wright Maeiet........-2.-- 2, 5... 8 Aumcaled Maeet.................. v6) @oppered Market.................-.......... 70&10 75 ineea matece...............-.... 62% Coppered Sprig Steel.......... -.......... 50 Barbed Fence, galvanized ................. 210 Barbed Pence, painted...........-......... 1 75 HORSE NAILS Au Gagle 1... wl... ai ae ae ee dis 5 Westeeceiees _...- dis 10.%10 WRENCHES Baxter’s Adjustable, nickeled.............. 30 inere Gemagne....... ww. 50 Coe’s Patent Agricultural, wrought ....... 80 Coe 6 Patent, mistieable..................... 80 MISCELLANEOUS Mivg Geman... es. 50 Pumps, Cotermm............ --........... 80 Serowas New list................... .... 85 Casters, Bed and Plate............. .... 50&10&10 Dampers, American.. ......-.....-....- 50 METALS—Zinc 00 pound casks... 6.5... ....... -...... 6% 6% SOLDER OE as 12 The prices of the many other qualities of solder in the market indicated by private brands vary according to composition. TIN—Melyn Grade 10ct4 1 Charcoal. ............., ....- we $5 75 4eoG 1G, Cuarecoal............... -....... 5 75 EE OE ———e 7 00 Each additional X on this grade, $1.25. TIN—Allaway Grade $0c141C Cuarcoad............... .......... 5 00 OO 5 00 10x14 1%, Charcoal .........................- 6 00 ScOO ES Charcoal... ... -............... 00 Each additional X on this grade, $1.50. ROOFING PLATES 14x20 IC, Charcoal, Dean...........ssseeeeee 14x20 IX, Charcoal, Dean ..............++..- 20x28 IC, Charcoal, Dean........ ......-+++ 14x20 IC, Charcoal, Allaway Grade......... 14x20 IX, Charcoal, Allaway Gradce......... 20x28 1C, Charcoal, Allaway Grade......... 20x28 IX, Charcoal, Allaway Grade......... 1 BOILER SIZE TIN PLATE 14x56 IX, for No. 8 Boilers, 14x56 IX. for No. 9 Boilers, | per pound... rousnsSan SsssssE TRADESMAN ITEMIZED LEDGERS Size 8 1-2x14—Three Columns. 2 Quires, 160 pages............. $2.00 3 Quires, 240 pages..... ....... 2 50 4 Quires, 320 pages 5 Quires, 400 pages...... ...... 6 Quires, 480 pages............. Invoice Record or Bill Book. 80 Double Pages, Registers 2,880 in- VOICES. ..... ccc ccceccercctocses $2.00 TRADESMAN COMPANY GRAND RAPIDS. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ine > 3S i GERMANY FRANCE. During the entire week of October 19-24 two hundred and fifty National Cash Register sales agents from all over the world were in convention at the Grand Opera House, Dayton, Ohio. The foreign delegates sien the secrets of successful American storekeeping. They contributed, also, many new ideas of the most prosperous European merchants. There were practical discussions by experts on window dressing, store organization, proper systems for handling sales, and other vital questions to retailers. All this information can be had for the asking as soon as our printing presses, which are running night and day, can get it out. Requests will be filled ia the order they are received. Send in your name and address at once. Address Dept. D, The National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 15 JANE CRAGIN. Cy Huxley Takes Counsel with Him- self. Written for the TRADESMAN. A little earlier than usual, on the afternoon when the exultant store-keeper of Milltown chuckled over the westward addressed letters, the new buggy and the shining harness and the well-groomed horse drew up at Old Lady Walker's gate, the focus of all eyes in every house in that particular neighborhocd. There was the same deliberate tying of the horse to the hitching-post, the same smoothing down of the fresh gloves (‘‘ ’£ they wa’n’t new ones every day ‘twas dumb nigh it’’), the settling of the necktie, the shaking down of the trouser legs, and that confident walk through the gate to the door! The usual program was not carried out to-day. It was the same up to the point where ‘* Mis’ Walker’’ opened the door. Then, instead of the brief wait- ing, there was a little conversation, during which Cy learned that Lilian was not feeling well to-day, that a se- vere headache was keeping her in her room, which promised to do so for sev- eral days; and, after expressions of sympathy and regret, the buggy and its owner rolled away down the Mill River road. ‘I’m sorry, of course, that she has a headache,’’ Cy said to himself, after he had lighted his cigar; ‘‘but, after all, I’m just a leetle tired of this, and I guess, by this time, the letters have got there and I shall know pretty soon whether the thing has amounted to any- thing or not. There’s no question about Lilian Willowby’s good looks and all that sort o’ thing—and they say that Willowby left her money enough. But what’s that to me? I’d give more to have Jane this minute here beside me than I would for all o’ your Lilians this side o’ Kingdom Come! ‘‘How I wish Sid had had his wits about him that morning she went off, and had just kodaked her as she sat at that car window! U—m! Before now, car windows, the way they make ’em on the outside, look like a lot of coffin lids set up on end; and it always gives me the hypos to have anybody I care anything about go off in ’em, when I see ’em through the window. Seems just as if they'd got into their coffin, and got all ready for the smash-up farther on. But when she took a seat at that window—I’m glad she had sense enough to take a parlor car—and that dress and that hat and that veil and that face—oh, well, and that everything —looked out at us from that big win- dow, it made just the prettiest, sweetest picture I've seen anywhere! I’d just like to have a portrait of her—a real, genuine, painted portrait—just as she looked then; and I’d hang it up in the parlor or the library upstairs. Now that’s a good idea, and one o’ these days when she’s in Boston—she and mother, or Mrs. Neely—I’ll get ’em_ to manage it for me, only I’m afraid they can’t paint her so the picture’ll lock just as she did then. ‘*T wish I knew what Sid thinks. He saw through the whole thing from the beginning, and I’m afraid he thinks I’ve gone and made a consarned fool of myself. But them letters! What blamed looking things they were, any- way! That Pelsey girl's looked as if she was trying to lasso something in her part o’ the township; and ’ Mandy Bet- tis’ letter looked as if she wrote the ad- dress with her finger. I d’ know s I care anything ‘bout that if they've only said something that’ll stir Jane up so’s I can see she really does care. I'm sure I’ve made things lively in Milltown, and it’d be a pretty how d’ do if it didn’t amount to shucks. One thing I haver.’t thought of—that’s Mrs. Willow- by. I hope to thunder she won’t think I’m ‘gone’ on ’er. But here I’ve been running there night and day, and have given her grounds enough; and if she should get confounded notions into her head, there'd be the dickens to pay! Who knows but she’s made herself sick over this already? It’s just like er; it’s just like ’em all—but Jane. Ifa feller only looks at ’em once or twice, it’s all up with ’em! I wonder why it is that women are made that way? Now, here’s this woman—pretty’s a picter, rich enough to sink a ship and gettin’ no end of attention wherever she goes; and just because I happened to say—in that off-hand way o’ mine—that Wilcox’s strawberries couldn’t stain her lips, she’s tickled ’most to death. She needn’t undertake to tell me that she hasn’t been told that same thing a thousand times, but she likes it every time; and when I say anything about her little white hands or her cunning little feet or her pretty fluffly hair, she’s chipper 's a bird. Jane would say, ‘Come, now, don’t be silly!’ and I don’t know anything that'll wilt a feller quicker’n that—when she says it. But Lilian jes’ looks down kinder sideways, and is so pleased and so blamed pretty at the same time that a feller, for the life of him, can’t help but forget every- thing else and just puts it on thick. I didn’t know that I could say these soft things to girls—but—but when they sort o’ goad ye on, what ye going to do? I guess, though, I’d better begin to stand back a little, for if Jane hears of it— course she will!—and should care, I never shall hear the last of it; and, if things should turn out as I want ’em to one of these days, she’ll just tease me about it ’s long ’s I live! ‘*Her headache lasts two or three days —well, I'll jes’ call around there ‘bout to-morrow night, I guess, and enquire how she is; and after that I'll wait longer between times, and in that way ease up on ’er. You can’t break right off short with women, you know, espe- cially when they get to thinking a good deal of you. Nice little woman and all that-—-but, still, a man can’t be too cau- tious. And I wouldn’t want to think that my stirring Jane up a little had made another woman unhappy. Us fellers that women take to so‘havea good deal t’ answer for; but if a man’s made so—and most of us are—what can he do about it?’’ And at that very minute Mrs. Willowby was saying to her aunt, ‘‘Hownice it is that we’re going to have an afternoon to ourselves. Now I can begin a letter to—’’ But her pretty hand went up to her mouth and her face flushed rosy red. And Jane Cragin, at that very minute, was sealing a letter to the Milltown store-keeper with a satisfied ‘‘There!”’ RICHARD MALCOLM STRONG. — —_~»>2.—____ The compulscry education law of Pennsylvania requires the attendance of all children between the ages of eight and thirteen years at a school in which the common English branches are taught at least sixteen weeks in each year. —___» 22 A man should never be ashamed to own he has been in the wrong, which is but saying, in other words, that he is wiser to-day than he was yesterday. — Pope. Highways and Machinery. Written for the TRADESMAN. The age of iron is yet in its infancy. Many duties are delegated to the deft fingers of machinery and the forces of Nature are harnessed to many tasks; and yet the service of this substitute for human toil is but just beginning. The invention and building of machinery are more modern than is generally real- ized. Many are now living who remem- ber the construction of the first locomo- tives, and other types of the steam en- gine are but a few years older; and all the most important applications of elec- tricity are within the experience of the present generation. Indeed, the science of machine construction is yet in a state of rapid evolution. The types of ma- chinery built a very few years ago are now obsolete, superseded by new pat- terns, built by new methods, only just fairly put into practice. The science of machine building is of very recent growth. Twenty years ago, the general practice was to con- struct each machine separately, fitting the parts together by hand, thus mak- ing costly contrivances, which could only be repaired by the same costly band fitting. The principal exceptions to this rule were the sewing machines, firearms and a few others. Now, most machinery for all classes of work is built to gauges with such accuracy that the assembling seldom requires the touch of a file, and the finished ma- chines are of a degree of exactness scarcely dreamed of at that time. It is hardly necessary to recount the applications of machinery but it may be noted that many of them are very re- cent. The most improbable tasks, if there is sufficient demand to warrant the attention of inventive genius, are un- dertaken by the steel fingers. The mak- ing of our garments, even including our shoes, in every part is the work of ma- chinery ; the construction of our houses and furniture; much of the preparation of our food is by machinery; even the types by which these thoughts are ex- pressed are assembled by the nimble fingers of the composing machine, a most improbable task a dozen years ago. Among the improbable tasks there are many of an engineering character which are significant of still further possibili- ties. A few years ago, the operations of excavating all canals were carried on by hand, with the aid of the wagon and team. Now, all great undertakings of this character are by means of exca- vating and transporting machinery. A few years ago, the handspike and log chain constituted the mechanical ap- pliances for the lumberman’s work in handling logs. Now, the steam logging apparatus gathers the forest to the tram- way, which transports it to the mills, where machinery still follows to handle it until it comes into contact with the keen blades of the saw. But there is one task, a task of great magnitude, still waiting the aid of me- chanical genius. Machinery was ap- plied to much of the work of railway construction, in the preparation of all materials—in fact, everything except the moving of earth and the placing of rails and ties; and, under the impetus of its aid, this mode of transportation far outgrew all others in the country— even outgrew the country itself. Thus the great need is that the highways shall have a growth corresponding with these auxiliaries for their work. Notwithstanding the wonderful mag- nitude and completeness of the Ameri- can railway system, the country has scarcely yet begun to be occupied. The localities where highways have made it possible to realize the full productive value of the land are few and of small area. The country is but slightly skimmed over, and the possibilities of production are scarcely suggested, and they will never be known until they are developed by highway construction. It is one of the anomalies of our in- dustrial development that the applica- tion of machinery to road construction should be practically unknown. There is little yet done in this line of en- gineering invention worth noting; the field is still unexplored. With the ex- ception of apparatus for crushing stone and for rolling down the surface of the roads when the material has _ been placed, there is absolutely nothing worth calling road machinery. To be sure, there is a contrivance called a ‘‘road machine,’’ which is sometimes used to scrape the accumulations of the ditches into the center of the roadway—where it does more damage than good—but this is not worth calling a machine. The present practice of road building where permanent improvement is made is to use teams and wagons, with shovels propelled by human arms—in the present development of mechanical science a most barbarous mode of oper- ation. It can scarcely be accounted strange that the work of road improve- ment drags, that it can hardly be said to be begun. A few lines here and there in the most favored localities are all that can yet be called roads. In the South the number has _ been slightly in- creased by the use of convicts; but, even if this mode of construction should become general, the employment of all the convicts of the country would be of little account with present methods. The imperative demand of the coun- try to-day is improved highways. These are coming. The demand will be ac- centuated by the development of the horseless motors, which is aiready well started. Now, what is there in the problem of road construction that is too hard for mechanical genius? Surely the operations are not more complicated than the collecting of the forest trees and _trans- forming them into lumber, or even into the finest furniture. The task is one worthy the effort of mechanical genius. Vast fortunes await those who shall con- trive the apparatus to build our high- ways. The demand for such machinery is rapidly increasing. The value of highways is becoming known, and it will not be long before this knowledge will have effect in gaining the attention of mechanical science to practical pur- pose in road improvement. W. N. F. —____»2.—__—_ Neglecting Insurance. The words ‘‘no insurance,’’ after an account of a fire in a retail store, are not quite as infrequent as they should be by any means. It is undoubtedly a temptation to some merchants in dull times to neglect their insurance, but it is no exaggeration to say that a mer- chant who does this when he can_ least afford to take the risk is on the par with one who neglects life insurance when for any reason his surroundings are more hazardous than usual. Fire in- surance premiums form vne of the fixed expenses of a merchant’s business. He can no more safely avoid them than he can afford to avoid rent or other equally necessary expenditures. Fire insurance is a business by itself and the man who attempts to enter it on a small scale by carrrying his own risk is very likely to find he has made a disastrous mis- take. 16 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Paying Back the Jury. Written for the TRaDEsMAN. I was a general dealer in a Western town, where I had moved from the East a couple of years before. ‘‘Can I trade a few rotten eggs for groceries to-day?’’ The question startled me, for I had been alone in my store all the morning, not a customer having looked in before. It was a warm day in the month of July, and farmers were busy with their wheat harvest, and but few customers from the country were in town. My seat was at a side window in a rear corner of the store, where I was at work at my desk upon my books and some neglected cor- respondence when thus_ suddenly aroused. I had not heard the approach, but, looking up as the question was asked, I beheld a rather stout old farm- er standing in the open doorway, with a large market basket in each hand, filled to the rounding point with eggs. With a smile on my face at the un- usual question and apparent desire to be humorous, I replied, ‘‘Yes, my friend, I think we can trade, if you do not ask too much for that quality of fruit. How many have you?’’ ‘I can let you have’ twenty-five dozen,’’ he answered, ‘‘and I want ten cents a dozen.”’ ‘‘Bring them this way,’’ and I mo- tioned for him to pass through an open door to a back room, ‘‘and I'll show you where to put them;’’ and, leaving my seat, I followed the man and point- ed to a large box. ‘*I do not remember you, though your voice seems familiar,’’ said I. ‘‘Have you dealt with me before? And how far from town do you live?’’ ‘‘T’ve brought these eggs about five miles, and my name is McGregor.’’ ‘*You didn’t walk five miles with these eggs?’’ I questioned. ‘Oh, no, my market wagon and horse are at a hotel where I shall get my din- ner. I think this s my first visit to your store,’’ and the man looked about inquiringly. I watched him a few moments, as he commenced counting out the eggs, half a dozen at a time, taking three in each hand and depositing them in the box. And I thought rather roughly, too, so I cautioned him jokingly about crack- ing them, ‘‘for,’’ said I, ‘‘you know rotten eggs are very brittle and likely to ‘pop,’ although these look better than you represent them.’’ He made no reply but kept on count- ing aloud, while I stood looking on and eyeing him furtively the meanwhile. When he got to the bottom of the second basket, he said, ‘‘The number is all right. I will want tea, sugar, coffee and smoking tobacco for $2.50.’’ ‘All right,’ said I. “Hew much will you want of each?’’ He told me and, selecting the quali- ties he wanted, I soon had the goods ready. All this time the man seemed quite talkative and familiar, but, rack my brain as I would, I could not locate where I had seen him before. After he bade me ‘‘good day’’ and departed, I was kept busy with village customers until noon and had no time to return to my desk until two o'clock. Being entirely alone again, with the mercury still moving upward, I had thrown off my coat, and was becoming drowsy over my books, when I was aroused by the voice of my morning egg dealer, who was standing in the doorway. Said he, pleasantly, ‘‘Would you like to trade groceries for a few more of those rotten eggs? I can now let you have twenty dozen more,’’ and the man laughed in a chuckling sort of way, as if at his own facetiousness. *“Y—yes,’’ I replied, in a rather hes- itating manner, however, as the weath- er was too warm to keep so many for my village customers, and I hadn’t picked up enough yet to ship away. But I told him to follow me with the baskets, and I watched him rapidly count them into the box with the others. This time he wanted four pounds of my fifty-cent tea, put up in one pound packages, which somewhat surprised me, and I asked him if he was a peddler. ‘*Nothin’ but a plain old farmer,’’ be curtly replied. ‘*Well,’’ said I, as he picked up his baskets to again depart, ‘‘when you want more goods in my line, come and see me. I shall be glad to buy your but- ter and cheese if you make any, and in the autumn your poultry, and a limited quantity of good potatoes for my retail] trade.’’ ‘Tt don’t think I shali bother with butter and cheese this year,’’ he an- swered, surlily, and with a sharp ac- cent on the last two words. Then, with a short ‘‘good day, sir,’’ he departed. For the moment, I thought I had in some way offended the man, but, if so, it was unintentional. But there was something in his voice that constantly appealed to my mind that at some _ pre- vious time I had known him more in- timately; and yet I could not locate place or time, neither recall his features. The third day after my purchase of forty-five dozen eggs of McGregor, my next neighbor, a Mr. Thompson, ac- costed me by saying, ‘‘Did you know, Mr. West, that the man you helped send to State’s Prison a year and a half ago was in town the other day?’’ ‘*What! you don’t mean John Wal- ters?’’ I asked, in astonishment. ‘‘Yes, the same. He was here on Tuesday with a horse and wagon and put up for dinner at the Cottage Hotel. He said he was farming somewhere in this county, but I guess he lied; and he brought with him and sold over two barrels of rotten eggs in this village. It’s a wonder he didn’t come around and dicker with you, for you remember he said he’d ‘get even with that jury some day ;’ and you were one of them, you know.’”’ I was glad it was after dark when my friend gave me this information, as it jogged my memory so suddenly that I involuntarily said, ‘‘Damn!’’—a _ word of astonishment, I suppose—although not loud enough to be heard, and at that moment the expression on my face would have ‘‘ given me away’’ complete- ly, for I instantly knew I was a victim, and was mad clear through, and could have kicked myself for not recognizing the rascal. **Do you really mean John McGregor Walters, who was before me when I[ was a juryman six years ago?’’ I asked. ‘‘Yes, the same fellow. And the landlord of the Cottage Hotel, you re- member, was also on that jury, but he didn’t recognize him either, and the scamp sold him twenty dozen rank eggs, and then fed his horse and took dinner there. Oh, the fellow was well disguised and played the old granger toa T; but I recognized his voice at once. It was almost dark, when I was coming home. He was just leaving town. He said, “Good evening,’ as he drove along. And I yelled out to him, ‘ How are you, WE CAN FURNISH FINE FULL CREAM CHEESE Suitable for winter trade, if ordered at once, at 9c Ib. FRED M. WARNER, Mfr., Farmington, Mich. STRICTLY HAND MADE from choicest <> How to Prolong Life. As the question of food enters so largely into the subject of long and healthy life, some suggestions seem called for in regard to what may be considered most suitable for persons of sixty and upward. It has been urged that a return to nature, or to the food which primitive man nourished his body upon, would be the right thing to do. Fruits and nuts appear to have been his dietary, and not flesh and veg- etables. Oranges, apples, grapes, figs, bananas, dates, prunes, peaches, and, in fact, all kinds of sweet fruits, and to- matoes are good, because they are de- ficient in nitrogen and free from the earth salts of other kinds of food. Starchy foods are more difficult to digest than fruits and meats. Nuts, such as almonds, Brazil nuts, filberts, walnuts, hickory nuts, and similar products, abound in nourishment and furnish the necessary heat for the body. Eggs, fish, cheese, milk, especially buttermilk, and poultry of all kinds supply variety. Starch foods are clogging to the system, producing constipation. Invalids are always put upon toasted bread, because the heat, acting upon the starchy por- tions, turns it into dextrine; this, being changed to glucose by the action of the stomach, is easily disposed of. Glucose is the sugar of nature as found in ripe sweet apples and in honey. Tea, coffee, wine, and beer, as well as all alcoholic drinks, are to be taken in extreme moderation, as they are mere stimulants and have no nutriment, or at least very little. Milk is a better drink. As every one knows, if you eat slowly, you do not need to drink at all. And that is one of?the great advantages of a fruit diet. You get enough of the best quality of water distilled by nature in the fruit, which is also aperient and cooling to the blood, already too much heated by starchy foods. Exclusive vegetarianism seems to be injurious to the human system. But people who ad- vocate a diet of fruits and nuts, omitting starch foods and too much bread, are not vegetarians, for they get the heat and strength necessary for health from nuts, lean meats, lamb, veal, and young animals whose systems have not had time to get clogged with the objection- able earth salts. If fresh fruits cannot be obtained at all times, dried figs, rai- sins, and dates can be steeped in hot water and thus brought to an almost fresh condition. As for whole meal or graham bread, the merit that it may have is offset by its irritating effects upon the stomach and intestines, pro- duced by the indigestible bran particles. Sugar furnished by nature in the form of glucose is ready for assimilation; on the contrary, sugar from cane, beets, maple, and sorghum is insoluble by the system until it has undergone the process of digestion, both in the stomach and the intestines. Now, as salt, pepper, and all irritants, as well as stimulants, are goads to the nervous system, the human body, if treated naturally, does not require them. Animal instinct in- dicates the law of nature. Since Cuvier’s time zoologists have been telling us that man belongs to the frugivorous animals. He is allied to the manlike apes, which live entirely on nuts and fruits, never eating other animals or cereals. Dr. DeLacy Evans, in his book ‘‘ How to Prolong Life,’’ gives over twenty pages to tables of analyses of foods. As compared with the nourishment they give, fruits and nuts have the least pro- portion of earthy salts. Animal flesh comes next, then vegetables, and fourth in rank we have cereals and pulses, which are shown to have the largest amount of the earthy matters. From the analyses we see that fruits, as distinct from vegetables, have the least amount of earth salts. We also notice that they are to a great extent free from the oxidized albumens—glutinous and fibri- nous substances; and many of them con- tain acids—citric, tartaric, malic, etc. —which, when taken into the system, act directly upon the blood by increasing its solubility, by thinning it; the process of circulation is more easily carried on and the blood flows more easily in the capillaries—which become lessened in caliber as age advances—than it would if of a thicker nature. These acids lower the temperature of the body and thus prevent the wasting process of oxi- dation or combustion in the system. Rice is easily digested and an excellent food, except that it abounds in earth salts. Fruits are not only digested in the first stomach, but they have a large part of their nourishment already in a condition to be absorbed and assimila- ted as soon aseaten. The food elements in bread and cereals have to undergo a process of digestion in the stomach, and then be passed on to the intestines for a still further chemical change be- fore they are of use to the human sys- tem. This is the great advantage of a diet of lean meats and fruits. Overwork is not expected from a stomach already jaded, and the nervous wear and tear of the organs of life are avoided. Distilled water should always be used both for drinking and cooking, if it can be obtained. Rain water, if filtered, is perhaps the next best, though not free from objections. Grapes, say numerous authorities, act very much like mineral waters on the human _ sys- tem. But they are better, because at the same time they nourish the body. Nu- trition is increased, secretion promoted, action of the liver, kidneys and other excretory organs improved, and the phosphoric acid, of which they contain a considerable amount, acts favorably on all the bodily functions, especially on the brain. As is well known, the sugar of the grape requires no diges- tion, but is taken almost at once Into the blood. Dextrine from the grape promotes the secretion of pepsin and thus favors digestion. Most of the veg- etarians eat grapes, though they may prefer pease. Stimulants often assist digestion, but that digestion is best which does not need them. Le ea oe Knox Hat War in Chicago. There is a Knox hat war in Chicago. The participants are John T. Shayne, Willoughby, Hill & Co. and Siegel, Cooper & Co. John T, Shayne is selling Knox derbies at $5; Willoughby is ad- vertising them at $3; Siegel, Cooper & Co. at $2. Both Willoughby, Hill & Co. and Siegel, Cooper & Co. claim that their derbies are genuine Knox jC! ) l | violated their agreement with the Knox hats of first quality, without, however, containing the Knox trade-mark. John T. Shayne, who says he is the only agent of the genuine Knox hat in Chicago, makes the following interesting state- ments in an advertisement in the Chi- cago Journal of October 14: In every hat factory making enor- mous quantities of hats there are many hats imperfect. They are called ‘“knock-downs.’’ The sizes of such hats are filled out by regularly made hats” of a $24-per-dozen quality. These hats are in turn sold to ‘‘clothing’’ and other stores, with nothing to identify the make. The regular first-quality Knox hats cost every agent or store in the land $39 per dozen, or $3.25 each. They each and every one have the well-known trade-mark, and none are genuine or first quality without this trade-mark. The knock-downs or under-test $24-per- dozen hats do not have the Knox trade- mark inthem. A few dozen of these hats were sold to a hand-me-down clothing store in Chicago, who at once factory. The Knox factory has been selling the lower grades te clothing and other stores for over a quarter of a cen- tury, and no store except a Chicago back number ever before tried to make the public believe they were selling Knox $5 hats for $3. When this an- nouncement was first made I immedi- ately notified the factory. They de- clined to fill any further orders. Brusies. YY, That sell because they \ \ are well made. That's yy - the kind we make. ‘Grand Rapids, Mich. How much you have lost by not sending or- ders to us for our superior quality Ny, and Repairers, Muskegon. SSIES SS ASON APRS Ser 7S SSNS Sq SSS BATRA eAaASASART ABSA SES Battering Rat of competition availeth naught against the reputation of our SEYMOUR BUTTER CRACKERS which have achieved fame throughout the country wholly on their merits and have a stable foundation firm as the rock of Gibraltar. Because—They are made from the finest ingredients procurable and are the result of years of careful study and experience. Because—They are an all-around family cracker. Because—They have a crowning flavor emphatically their own. Because—They are superior in hundreds of ways to other crack- a ers which are claimed to be just as good. ON EVERYBODY’S TABLE—who values a wholesome and nutritious cracker. ARE YOU SELLING THEM? THE NEW YORK BISCUIT CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. BSeSEs SSPESES SSeS ESEES eS Cee Ses ee ea a RNR Ree el NRE ALRNet Sa? OE EO aa Hee tT ctl ia Sh 18 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE METRIC SYSTEM. Its Consideration by the British Asso- ciation. Written for the TRADESMAN. The British Association for the Ad- vancement of Science has recently taken up the subject of the Metric Sys- tem for discussion, on account of the probability of its soon being legalized in Great Britain. This is significant as showing the importance attaching to the question in that country. The dis- cussion in the Association brought out considerable opposition, im which the self-sufficiency of British conservatism was naturally prominent. One of the principal speakers, in an extended address in opposition to the project, stated that, if the principal rea- son for the change is that the other na- tions of the earth have adopted the sys- tem, he could see no reason why those dealing with other nations might not use the system without foisting it upon the whole British people. In this prop- osition the speaker shows a narrow idea of the needs of foreign commerce and of the principles governing the same. In foreign, as in domestic, trade of any magnitude there must be the competi- tion and co-operation of members, and these must have a common language of quantity which shall be the plainest possible to the purchasing nation. It is not sufficient that the individual ex- porter shall make his invoices in the metric terms, but his advertisements and the advertisements of his compet- itors in the same trade must be in the same language. No considerable for- eign commerce can be carried on by individual houses with individual rep- resentatives independent of all others. So, where trade of any magnitude is carried on, it is necessary to have co- operation in the use of a common stand- ard of measure. And it will be readily seen that the intimate relations between domestic and foreign commerce make it undesirable to have two systems in extended use. But the most serious objection of the same speaker was that the decimal sys- tem is too complicated for the uses of ordinary trade; that the duodecimal, with its vulgar fractions, is mentally more manageable. But he betrays the weakness of his position in his criti- cism of the French, that they deo not ad- here strictly to the decimal features of the system, but use divisions into vul- gar fractions in connection with it. In- deed, there is no reason why they should not do this. There is no more reason why the more convenient divisions are not just as suitable in connection with the Metric System as in any connection with Arabic notation, which is just as strictly decimal. Another speaker offered a suggestion worthy of consideration in that a grad- ual feature may be introduced in mak- ing the change by using an almost im- perceptible modification of the yard to compare with the meter, by reducing the former .oc6. This would make the two convertible by using the multiple 1.1. He also suggested that the old terms might be applied for convenience in making the change to the nearest equiv- alent; thus, taking half a kilogram for the new pound, etc. It is a decided recognition of the im- portance of the subject that this body should take upa question having so much of the economic element. There is little doubt that the interests of for- eign commerce, as affected by the met- ric-using exporters of Germany, will soon obtain legislative hearing in Great Britain. Surely, the United States can- not afford to be the last of the Great Nations to adopt the reform, especially in view of the rapidly growing com- mercial interests that are hindered by the delay. W. No FE. —_» 06> ____ The Conservative Merchant. From the St. Louis Dry Goods Reporter Much is being said and written con- cerning the conservative merchant, and, judging from the general run of views being expressed, he is very much misun- derstood. While we have no patience with the ultra-conservative, or those who find so many reasons for postpon- ing the placing of orders for anything that they develop or degenerate into mossbacks, at the same time it must be conceded that every dealer not only has aright, but he owes it to himself to guard his own interests. No one knows better than the retailer himself how many and what kind of new goods he needs. He is constantly coming in contact with his customers and 1s fa- miliar with their wants, as well as their ability to supply them; he also knows just what goods are on his shelves and how far they will reach in meeting the requirements of histrade. For this rea- son the dealer’s judgment should not be called into question without conclusive evidence of error. As a matter of fact, however, nowa- days every dealer buying less than car- load lots is regarded by many as_being conservative. At least this is what the ordinary individual must infer from the generai impression floating around in public prints and in the air everywhere. There seems to be a widespread belief that the only way to inspire confidence and dispel the fogs of gloom which are threatening to becloud the outlook is to accuse the retailers of being conserva- tive and tell them that they are buying only about half the amount of goods actually needed. It is, of course, true that some deal- ers do not assume the risk the condi- tions in their case would warrant, though in the main they are as eager to make money as anybody else. The de- sire for gain is the great impelling force behind all orders for goods, as well as all refusals to take any chances. No dealer will hold back an order one min- ute after he is convinced it means money in his pocket to have the goods in his store; neither will a dealer rush to the jobber for new goods so long as he believes more money can be made by waiting. In other words, conservatism is but another name for the desire to make money, the meaning of which is not changed by calling it a desire to avoid losing money. Whenever and wherever, therefore, the conditions render it more profitable for retailers to withhold their orders than to send them in they can be relied upon to do the former; and in so doing we fail to see how they fall into the conservative class, as the term is commonly understood, unless they are also conservative when they buy liber- ally in more auspicious times. Viewed from the broader standpoint, one readily sees it will not do to calla dealer conservative simply because he buys a small bill of goods. It is pus- sible for the dealer placing the smallest order received during the entire season to be the most liberal purchaser. All the facts in the case must be known be- fore anyone can judge as to the policy a certain merchant is pursuing ; and, in- asmuch as very few are acquainted with the essential facts, very few are in a po- sition to pass judgment. In any event, there is nothing to be made by accusing the retailers of being conservative. The only possible effect such talk could have would be to diminish trade. As soon as merchants hear it they begin to look around for its source and usually dis- cover reasons for not being too rash themselves. Conditions outside of a given dealer’s territory ought to have no influence with him, generally speak- ing, but they do affect him when so much is being said to show that every- body is pursuing a conservative policy. Because a merchant in some drouth- stricken locality does not buy heavily is no reason why others in more_ fortunate localities should hold back. We believe that the number of conservative mer- chants in this territory has been greatly overestimated. Although it must be admitted they are not all buying goods in carload lots, they are placing orders in a way that is at once an inspiration and encouragement to local jobbers. As a general rule, merchants in the states covered by this market can be trusted io buy all the goods the conditions wiil justify, for they are not in business en- tirely for their health. Te ESE SS Gotham Auctions. Among the traps set for the unwary there, the ‘‘fake auction’’ seems to be the most difficult to suppress. For years, the authorities have been making life miserable for the tricksters who have fattened on a gullible public; but within the past few weeks justice has taken a fresh start, and there will not be a let-up until the licenses of the most daring mock auctioneers of that old town are revoked and a needed _ re- form secured. It is now nearly half a century since ‘‘Peter Funk’’ auction sales were first discovered there, and since that time it may be truthfully stated they have existed in one form or another. During that long period, many different ruses have been practiced to trap the unwary, and all for a time been more or less successful. There are a hundred different subter- fuges employed by these unscrupulous people in defrauding innocent buyers. In a recent complaint the grand jury recites several in its indictments. It alleges that some auctioneers, while pretending to sell to the highest bidder without reserve, have secretly a reserve price, and unless this price is reached, announce a fictitious bid and retain the property. At least one metropolitan auctioneer has made a practice of de- livering articles inferior in quality to those sold. It is further averred that gross misrepresentations are made by auctioneers in regard to the value of articles offered for sale. Of course, the mock auctions of stolen goods are the ones most amenable to the law, and it is asserted by the legitimate auctioneers that the practice is just as prevalent as it was twenty years ago, when it was really dangerous to pur- chase anything at such sales. > +> The exports of American apples to Europe this season are said to be the largest in many years. Already more 'than 600,000 barrels have been export- |ed, while during the corresponding peri- | od of last season only about 35,000 bar- | rels were shipped. USE SOAP Is what you should advise your custom- ers. People who have used it say it is the BEST. SQa=SaASSaskwas SSeS SSS SARE RSS = _ ARMOUR?’ SOAP ARMOUR’S WH ISIE 6 oz. cakes. in its use. Cut in pound Boe eS EESES SES SEES) ISS CSESES Kas Absolutely pure snow white Floating Soap, 10 oz. and Nothing finer made. ARMOUR’S LAUNDRY: A guaranteed pure neutral Laundry Soup, 12 oz. oval cake, fits the hand. ARMOUR’S FAMILY: Best Soap made for all Family purposes, 16 oz. solid cake of Pure Soap. ARMOUR’S COMFORT: 12 oz. square cake pure Laundry Soap. ARMOUR’S WOODCHUCK: 10 oz. Wrapped Cake Floating Laundry Soap. ‘It’s a wonder and a winner.” ARMOUR’S KITCHEN BROWN: A pound bar of good Scouring Soap. ARMOUR’S MOTTLED GERMAN: A Soap of wonderful cleansing and lasting properties. ARMOUR’S WASHING POWDER: Superior to all washing compounds, elixirs, ete. It is the perfection of quick acting, labor saving ‘‘cleansers.”’ ARMOUR SOAP WORKS chicago, ~P ARMOUR & GO., Proprietors. Saat] aa SaaS aes i 2 ITE: There is comfort bars. wa THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 19 How One Unprogressive Grocer Met His Waterloo. Stroller in Grocery World. If there’s one thing I like above an- other, it’s to be able to call a man down when he’s wrong. When he acts the part of a mule and won't admit that anybody else knows anything, then is the time when I get my fun. I had some fun of this sort last week. It was with one of those grocers who know everything in the heavens above and the earth beneath. The most learned man alive couldn’t teach them a thing. They're wonders. Well, this fellow thinks he knows a little less now than he did the day I called on him. I rubbed it in on him until he looked and felt so foolish I ac- tually pitied him. I had occasion to stay over night in a little country town in Delaware. I say ‘little ;’’ it was a place of probably 4,000 people and a good sort of town as coun- try villages go. I had no particular business in this grocery store, but there’s a sort of fascination to me in the coun- try grocery, so i started on a tour of observation just after supper. The first place I struck was the store of this grocer who knew everything. When I reached it, it was as dark as at any time during the night, and yet the sole light that this grocer used to illumi- nate his place came from two little smoky kerosene lamps on brackets way up near the ceiling. It wasn’t a smal] store by any means, and those little lamps only threw a hazy little glare about the dark corners of the place. In the back of the store I’ll give you my word it was as dark as if there had been no light at all. The window was as dark as a pocket, except for the little light that struggled out from these two lamps. As near as I could see, the window was used as a sort of waste bas- ket. The whole place was half lighted and hazy, and both the grocer and his clerks groped around like blind men. After I had passed the time of day with the grocer, I said to him, ina friendly way: ‘‘How do you get along without any more light here than this? Why, you can hardly see.’’ ‘*Oh, yes, we can,’’ said the grocer. ‘‘This is plenty light enough. You’re one of them fellows who like to have their whole place in a blaze. Don’t you know that cuts into kerosene?’’ ‘*Of course it does,’’ I said, ‘but you get a return, don’t you? Look at the light you’d get. Why, I verily believe that this poor light keeps people out of the store.’’ The grocer thought that was a great joke. He gave a tremendous guffaw, and couldn’t get over it for some time. I didn’t see any joke, but that didn’t make any difference to him. He did. While I was there a customer came in. The grocer fumbled around and got what she wanted. She paid cash and the grocer gave her the change. . After she’d got out the deor the grocer started to fumbie about in the money drawer. i ‘*Wasn’t there a dollar bill in this here drawer?’’ he shouted, after pawing over the whole drawer. ‘*Ves, sir,’’ said one of the clerks. ‘‘It was there just before that lady came in.”’ i ‘‘Well, it ain’t there now,’’ said the grocer. ‘‘Great Jerushy! I must have given that to Mis’ Smith by mistake. Now I bet she’s gone!’’ and he rushed like a madman to the door and _ looked anxiously after ‘‘ Mis’ Smith.’’ She had disappeared entirely and the grocer re- turned disconsolate. ‘ ‘‘How did you come to give her that?’’ I asked. ‘*Well, I suppose it was so dark here that—’’ I immediately brought my grin out, and the grocer saw at once that he’d betrayed himself. He _ stuttered and stammered a while, and looked as silly as a little boy. ‘Now you see,’’ I said, ‘‘you’re not quite light enough here after all, are ou?”’ ‘‘Huh!’’ said the grocer, and that was the only answer I could get out of him. But he had to have a victim, so he went and kicked the store dog half across the store. That put him ina good humor, and he came back to me. But he didn’t talk about the light any more. After some desultory conversation, I asked him, ‘‘Why don't you use your window to better advantage?”’ ‘“Oh, what’s the good?’’ he said. ‘“There ain't no business to be gotten that way. I ain't got no time to fritter away fixin’ up windows. Nobody ever looks in "em anyway.’’ I looked at the dark hole over in the front of the store which did duty as a window, and mentally agreed with him. Pretty soon the clerk raised the ques- tion as to the whereabouts of the cat, who, it appears, was as much a mem- ber of the family as the grocer’s wife or daughter. ‘“T wonder where that durned cat is,’’ said the clerk. ‘*Since you remind me,’’ said the grocer, ‘‘I ain’t seen that cat for several days. Must have cleared out. What's them boys grinnin’ about?’’ I stepped to the front of the store and looked out. There were about a dozen boys, all with their faces glued to the grocer’s window. ‘What in thunder are they lookin’ at?’’ saidgthe grocer, in a puzzled way. ‘*Nobody ever looked in that window before that I know of,’’ he confessed, naively. Che P GREETING: I joined the crowd on the sidewalk, and may I be jiggered if there wasn’t the lost cat in the window with a lively litter of young ones. She had crawled through the rubbish in the window un- til she was invisible from the inside of the store, though plainly visible to any- body from the outside who could pene- trate the dirt on the glass. I went in and reported to the grocer. ‘There's your cat,’’ I said. © She's got in your window and had a litter of young ones. And you haven’t seen her because your measly store was so dark. That’s an elegant window display now, amt ree dispused to give it to him. ‘“There’s your bulk window,’’ I said, ‘‘you ought to be selling goods through it, and what do you do with it? Let your mangy old cat roost in it whenever she wants to have a family. Don’t you feel ashamed of yourself? Why don't you take some good trade paper and read it? You’d be a different man in a month. '” I needn’t have asked if he felt ashamed of himself, because I could see from his old red face that he did. The next time I go to that town I’ll see more lights in the store and the window cleaned out; you mark my words on it. resident of the United States of America, To I felt that I had the old fel- | low where his hair was short, and I was | i tesy, The Difference in Clerks. There is more than one kind of clerk. It does not follow, because an em- ploye creates a great deal of stir that he is either developing trade or benefiting himself. In fact, he may be doing the business a positive injury by over-fussi- ness. It is a case of method and not bustle. When patrons desire to be waited upon by a special employe that one is on the road to success; for, rest assured, there is something in him which merits it or they would not do so. Business method, unbounded cour- limitless patience and_ tact, in connection with personal magnetism, are necessary requisites in the pathway to success; and many who envy those who reach the goal are either lacking in these respects or fail to put in operation what natural ability they possess. +0. A Burning Question. || Dearest, | He stopped reading his paper long enough to ask what his wife might want. ‘*When they mark the dollar down to fifty-three cents, will it be every day or only on Fridays?’’ - +0 The man who thinks he knows all about his special business it is possible to learn is apt to have a rude awaken- ing. HENRY KOCH, your clerks, attorneys, ager_s, saiesmaenm and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, Whereas, it has been represented to us in our Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey, in the Third Circuit, on the part of the ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainant, that it has lately exhibited its said Bill of Complaint in our said Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey, against you, the said HENRY KOCH, Defendant, complained of, and that the said to be relieved touching the matters therein ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainant, is entitled to the exclusive use of the designation ‘“‘SAPOLIO” as a trade-mark for scouring soap, Wow € ere ore we do strictly command and perpetually enjoin you, the said HENRY ) d KOCH, your clerks, attorneys, agents, salesmen and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, . ver the pains and penalties which may fall upon you and each of you in case of disobedience, that you do absolutely desist and refrain from in any manner unlawfully using the word ‘‘SAPOLIO,” or any word or words substantially similar thereto in sound or appearance, in connection with the manufacture or sale of any scouring soap not made or produced by or for the Complainant, and from directly, or indirectly, By word of mouth or otherwise, selling or delivering as “SAPOLIO,” or when “SAPOLIO” is asked for, that which is not Complainant’s said manufacture, and from in any way using the word ‘“‘SAPOLIO” in any false or misleading manner. wars Avitness, The honorable MELVILLE W. FULLER, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States of America, at the City of Trenton, in said District of New Jersey, this 16th day of December, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-two. [sear] ROWLAND COX, [sicNED) Complainant's Solicitor. Ss. D. OLIPHANT, Clera 20 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE WIDE TIRE. The Most Important Element in the Road Problem. Written for the TRADESMAN. It is one of the anomalies of the American way of prosecuting economic enterprises that the cause of good roads should be hindered and much of the effort in that direction neutralized by such an apparently insignificant matter as the width of tires on wheeled vehi- cles. It is curious that a matter in which the serious consequences are so manifest—are so constantly urged upon the attention by practicai illustration almost everywhere, as well as so widely urged by writers on the subject— should fail to gain any practical notice. Amer- icans criticise the English and other Old World peoples, and justly, that they continue the awkward methods and tools they have inherited, but there is no single inheritance of these countries that is so great a damage to economic progress as is the narrow tire in the New World. With all the publicity given the sub- ject by writers and with the constant illustration of everyday practice the knowledge that narrow tires are the greatest drawback in the work of road improvement gains ground so slowly that it is a question whether there is any progress. This is doubtless ac- counted for to some extent by the fact that the subject is so universal. It is impossible to reach the farmer and other purchasers of wagons when they are buying their vehicles, and in the selection of these the tire is taken that is in most general use, without any thought of its road-destroying proper- ties. Once the purchase is made, the damage is permanently accomplished unless a change of tire can be effected, which seems almost impossible. It may be suggested that the manufacturer can be reached, but there is no way as yet to reach him with any effect, for he wil] make the kind of tires that custom- ers are most apt to buy. He is more interested in selling wagons than he is in good roads. With the constant example of roads being destroyed by heavily laden ve- hicles with narrow tires everywhere, there are few who know the cause of the destruction. Their universality and the fact that it is a condition which has al- ways existed lead to their acceptance as a matter of course. Conditions of this character are harder to reach by ordi- nary educational means than any other. Every vehicle which passes over the ordinary highway with suitably pro- portioned tires is a benefit to it in all conditions. Of course, this proposition takes for granted that we are dealing with roads with some sort of improve- ment, not with depressions filled with soft mire to unfathomable depths. Loaded vehicles with wide tires act the same as road rollers, and if the road is of the proper shape and __ suitably drained, even if the material is not of the best road metal, the passage of a sufficient number of wide tires will put a road in good condition even after a hard rain. But take a good road made of the more ordinary materials and let it be soaked up by rain, and then let the usual procession of narrow rounded tires pass over it—or through it as they will soon do—and (the result is so constantly seen that it gives no impression) the ruts are plowed deeper and deeper, throwing the material up into ridges, to be ground into mortar and when dry into dust. They are the narrow tires that do this, though they may be ‘aided by the accompanying hoofs, but these would cause little injury if there were none but wide tires. So mud is accepted as a natural con- dition. If the pulverized material of which it is composed is carried into the ditches by draining and the action of traffic, the roadmakers carefully scrape it back, not thinking that they are thus aiding the narrow tire in its work of dire destruction. Mud is a natural con- dition, and to explain to many of the in- telligent users of highways that, by proper care not to grind up the material of their roads, mud can be avoided would subject the informant to ridicule. With the aid of wide tires road im- provement would not be so very expen- sive. With proper shape and drainage it would not be necessary to put on so great a thickness of gravel or other ma- terial. But with the narrow relics of barbarism a thickness which would sus- tain any amount of heavy traffic, and thrive under it with the broad tires, will be cut into pieces and serve only to make the destruction more complete. The gospel of broad tires must be preached before the cause of road im- provement will make much progress. Enough of the users of vehicles must be brought to see the need of the reform to give the subject a stancing and a hearing. This education must teach that, when a road is improved, it has be- come a valuable public property. Then legislation, if necessary, and probably it will be necessary, must be enacted for the protection of this value, and the man who should threaten injury by un- dertaking to pass over it with a vehicle which is likely to destroy it should be legally restrained. In doing this it may be best to fix by legislative action the width of all tires designed to sustain given loads, as is done in France and other European countries. The tire question is an important one. It deserves the attention of all interested in highways —and who is not? It is a matter for the cognizance of the retail merchants, for they come directly into contact with those who are destroy- ing the avenues of their trade. The merchant should not only make it his business to exert all direct influence possible, but he should see to it that other influences are enlisted. It is the business of the local press and the mer- chant’s influence with this is sufficient to gain its co-operation not only in bringing the subject before the farmers and road users, but before the members of local and state legislative bodies. W. N. F. - 0 Co-operation of Capital Vital to Indi- vidual Prosperity. Written for the TRADESMAN. It is common nowadays to hear men of usual intelligence complain of the concentration of wealth in large enter- prises, while acknowledging the benefits thereby conferred both on themselves and the public at large. In the process of measuring with a little pocket rule distances, areas and objects of unusual magnitude, it is easy to reach a false conclusion as to the merits of the grandest business projects of the age. Only by comparison with former times can we truly test the value of many modern undertakings that require colos- sal capital, both in their inception and in their successful prosecution. In critcising every such worthy and progressive enterprise the cynic of to- day fails to compare the past with the present; else a balance might be struck in favor of the latter that would surprise the shallow thinker or the man who jumps at conclusions. Whoever notes the condition of agriculture, for in- stance, in the closing years of the first half of this century, and its improve- ment to the present can find proof that co-operative capital has conferred im- mense benefits upon the farmer: First, transportation facilities have brought him nearer to a foreign market; and, next, manufacturing capital has brought the market nearer to him, by furnish- ing customers for his products. I can well remember when the farmer had either to drive his herds to a distant and uncertain market, or sell to specu- lators at a very low figure. The hog product was formerly sold only in the winter to packers, who made a little money go a great ways in a glutted market. During the rest of the year every consumer was at the mercy of the large holder as regarded prices. Now, the large packing establishments of the West furnish a constant market tor the live product at any time when it can be most cheaply made fit for sale, and, by so doing, raise the price to the pro- ducer, while lowering it to the con- sumer. No matter how far the farmer may locate beyond the border line of settle- ments, for the purpose of securing cheap land and a more certain liveli- hood, there the instrumentalities of civ- ilization follow and, by the power of combined capital, aid him to attain competence, if not absolute wealth, by the interchange of products, until his once isolated home becomes a museum of metropolitan luxuries. The worst that active consolidated capital can be charged with inflicting upon the farmer is that, aided by invention, it has in- creased the sum of his artificial wants above his actual needs. But this is a peculiarity of all modern methods of civilization and all classes, in this respect, suffer alike. It is one of the disadvantages of progress that, by reason of the idiosyncrasies of hu- man nature, the increment of individual happiness moves on unequal lines. Yet it never moves backward. If the in- dividual thinks modern progress too rapid for his comfort, he has only to step aside and let it go by. But he has no ground to complain that the world moves on without him, for the forces of civilization are impelled in only one direction. Capital and labor must go hand in hand, to acconiplish their com- mon destiny, whether it be for ultimate good or for ultimate ill. Every worker, to whatever class he may belong, may, therefore, gladly acknowledge the advantage that com- bined capital affords to each individual unit of the prosperous whole, since cap- ital is but the savings of labor, and can be used over and over again to work results that otherwise would be impos- sible to labor alone. If one combines, so may the other, so long as their pur- poses are honest and true and the means used are in harmony with the great end of all human endeavor—the uplifting of mankind to a higher plane of being. S. P. WHITMARSH. —__—_»> 2. The experiment of introducing rein- deer in Alaska has‘,been a complete success. [he animals are increasing at the rate of 60 per cent. a year, and will soon supply the natives with excellent and abundant food, in place of the now almost exterminated seal and other wild animals, besides serving other purposes at once practically useful and directly civilizing. KZ = 3 3 = = 3 = = = 3 3 = 3 3 = = = = = = = = = = N AL AL ALLA DT UDEBAKER VERIGLED Irs eras Er EEE PE AE NOW IN STOCK. See our Depository before buying “Anything on Wheels.” ADAMS & HART, 12 W. BRIDGE ST., GRAND RAPIDS. Wholesale and Retail. SUMMA AMA GMAUAN bb dk S44 J6b bb Abb JUG bk dd Jd Jbk 46h ddd Jbd Jbk ddd ddd ddd WAJMb GDL ADA ASL AAL AAA ANA dbA dbA db4 AAA db4 J44 J44 Jhb Jb dbh ALL AL JbL dbA Jbb db Jb4.Jbb bb 00/44 Jb Ai = Et Das (Ae e ms. Sausage and Cabbage the Chief Ar- ticles of Diet in Berlin. Written for the TRADESMAN. Edward Everett Hale, father of the ‘‘King’s Daughters,’’ several years ago visited a well-known Michigan minis- ter. Soon after his arrival, his hostess inquired as to his tastes, that she might have the meals ordered accordingly. Dr. Hale answered without hesitation : ‘‘It does not matter what you provide, but I am accustomed to eat six times a day.’’ His reply furnishes the keynote of German living. From the Emperor to the humble peasant, the rule is, ‘‘ Eat often but sparingly.’’ The first breakfast—coffee and rolls —is taken either in bed or directly after rising. The second breakfast, consist- ing of ham, cheese, or sausage sand- wich, together with a glass of beer or cup of tea or coffee, is eaten at eleven o'clock. At two o’clock comes the din- ner—soup, hot meat, potatoes and more or less accessories, dependent upon the condition of the family. Coffee and bread and butter or cake comes at four o’clock, and supper—cold meat, bread and butter, generally in the form of sandwiches, together with tea or beer, and very often fried eggs and potatoes— finishes the day's meals. Fire is re- quired only to cook dinner and many housekeepers depend upon alcohol lamps for making coffee or tea and cooking eggs. Meat, though very expensive, is con- sumed in great quantities by as many as can afford to buy it. More pork is eaten than other kinds, due, no doubt, to its being cheaper. The American pork is not liked on account of its being so fat and pickled so hard to make it keep. Raw ham is counted as a great delicacy and is considered more whole- some. One sees more sausage than all the other meat put together. It is made of pig meat, liver, tongue, veal and even goose. Foreign and domestic fish are to be had in great quantities and varieties. Pickled and dried herring is even more popular than codfish used to be in the United States, and is second only to sausage in popular estimation. Wild meat—deer, hare and_ partridge—is much eaten in winter, and goose is monarch of the fowl. Vegetables and fruit are not as well liked as with us. Two or more kinds of vegetables are generally cooked to- gether, with a small piece of fat meat thrown in. Only the rich can indulge in canned goods in winter, which iook tempting enough packed in glass_bot- tles. But all kinds of vegetables are made into salad; in fact, potato salad appears almost daily. The varieties of cabbage cannot be counted or one’s digits. Much of the finest fruit which comes to Berlin would be dumped in the garbage barrel in Michigan; yet here it often brings ten times the price of the best in Grand Rapids. All the bread and most of the cake is made by the baker and is bought fresh every day, including Sunday. Rye bread and white rolls baked very hard are favorites, but more and more fine white flour bread is being used. Vienna bakeries are considered the best, and the Vienna style of cooking meats also is much followed. Great quantities of beer is drunk, not only at dinner and supper, but often between meals in the place of water. The beer from Munich and Pilsen is considered the best. It has always been said that one never sees a drunken per- THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN son in Europe. That must have been in the good old times, for now a _ reeler iS not an uncommon sight. And one gets as accustomed to the smell of beer as to tobacco smoke. The poor fare very badly indeed. Labor is cheap and food is expensive, so many must go half fed or subsist on such miserable stuff that it has to be washed down with beer. The rich can have luxuries from every part of the world. The Germans are regular in their habits, and absolutely nothing stands in the way of theireating. At eleven a. m., driver and conductor on the _ street car, clerk and book-keeper in the shop, teacher and pupil in the school, open a littie newspaper parcel and eat a_ sand- wich, no matter how busy they may be. People of higher rank take a lunch at a restaurant. Even the belated shopper draws the familiar package out of his pocket while riding or walking, and one knows what is coming. As a result, ample provision is made for the wants of the inner man. No forest is too dense, no mountain too high, no stream too wild not to find any number of restaurants in the vicinity. Not only can uniformly good food be found, but excellent service as well. Is it any wonder that the German can stand work without fatigue, and has yet to know the meaning of the word ‘““nerves?”’ ZAIDA E. UDELL. Dresden, Germany. oe Diet as a Moral Agent. A food experiment is being tried at the Elmira Reformatory, in New York State. All civilized nations hold out some inducements to the criminals in confinement to sooner secure their re- lease from legal restraint. A certain amount of time is always taken off for good behavior. The criminal has often been exhorted to this end by father, mother, sister, brother and by others who had his interest at heart. His man- hood, his future, his ambition and his hope of quick release from confinement have been appealed to, and in many cases in vain. Now it is to the man’s stomach that the appeal is to be made. The proposed experiment contem- plates a somewhat enlarged scale of dietary privileges, increasing from grade to grade, from the lowest to the highest, so that, within due and proper limit of indulgence of the appetite by prisoners in a prison reformatory for crime, they can, out of their own accu- mulations, have the privilege to select meals at their pleasure, provided al- ways that they keep their expenditure within the limits of the reformatory. The prisoners, under the wage-earning system of the reformatory, as it is at present, must earn their living and keep a credit balance to their accounts, re- spectively, in order to progress toward their release by parole. A prisoner, to maintain a credit, baiance must needs restrain, regulate and exert himself in a manner which accomplishes and shows his improvement; but hitherto the diet rate has been inflexible. But it is be- lieved that if more latitude is allowed and the prisoner has a chance of tickling his palate occasionally with mincepie, a juicy roast or other home-like dainties, he will be more likely to make an extra effort to reform. In other words, if he has an inviting menu to choose from for breakfast, dinner and supper, he will get up and be a man. —___» 0 >—__—_ Boston’s shipping men and merchants are in a State of rage over the frequent grounding of vessels endeavoring to ap- proach their city, and they are almost forgetting to talk politics, so vehement is their desire to persuade the Govern- ment to deepen the channels leading to their magnificent harbor. —_—___»0»—____ It is said that betting is a fool’s argu- ment, but we have noticed that the man who wins is never referred to as a fool. The fool is the man who loses. Q1 SSUTPTETE VETTE VTD eT pevene re eT prvvenene nye 1883 1885 1887 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1883 1885 1888 1895 1896 NA vrveverveveveevenvenevenenerveneenevenveneevevenevenereneevevevenerneven epvenevnevreven re evervenern en nerves ere pre nny roverteey tT WUAAUAAAAAAA AAA QAAGUAAAA ASL UAbGUAGAAAALASALAAAALAAA LAA dh QUAQUAAAL ALA Add QALLUAAULGULAGLANL Gd 444d G44 G44 ddd ddddd ul HOW IT no GHOWK | | | In which we produce more Coupon Books than all the other manufactur- ers in the country combined. These facts speak louder than words and conclusively prove that our books must have been the best in the mar- ket for the past thirteen years in or- der to have secured this demand. TRADESMAN COMPANY, GRAND RAPIDS. QUANALMALLdAAAh ddd ddQdd Gb ddd dd Uda dd ddd ddd RIZED HISTORY: Business ESIODISHEA 7 Special Machinery Introduced Removal (0 Larger Quarters r Removal 10 Still Larger Quarters Largest Goupon Book Plant in the Worl ANN MAL AAU db ddd 22 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Shoes and Leather Reversing the Usual Method. From Artin Advertising. ‘Here I am,’’ said the shoe man _ to himself, ‘‘selling shoes and polishing them free. There’s nothing new in that. What’s the matter with selling the shines and giving away the shoes? It amounts to the same thing in the end.”’ So he went to work and had printed a lot of cards like commutation tickets, the little squares around the edges be- ing labeled, some five and some ten cents—the fives for ordinary shines and the tens for russet polish. In the cen- ter of the card was the following: NOT FREE SHINES, BUT FREE SHOES. | | | | | You pay for the SHINES: the | amount is registered HERE, and | | when you buy a pair of shoes i WHATEVER you have spent for | SHINES will be deducted from | the price of the shoes. | | There was also on the card a place for the name of the customer and his serial number. Every time a customer came in and got a shine he presented his ticket, and the price of the polish was punched out of it and the card returned. The shoe man, at the same time, made a mark opposite 21 (say) in his record- book to show that 21 had had another shine. This was necessary because if 21 happened to be more clever than hon- est, he might, after having secured one of the cards, have stepped around the corner and punched it full of holes. In actual practice it was found that cus- tomers rarely waited until they had used up their $2.50 or $3 worth of shines. They turn in the card, asa rule, when about $1 worth of shines have been punched out of it, and the balance on the price of the shoes they pay in cash. Others make a practice of paying 25 cents for a shine and getting it credited on their card, and in this way soon work out the price of a pair of shoes. +» 2. The Successful Tradesman. From Shoe and Leather Facts. It is the rule of the world that the victor is applauded and, outside of his immediate circle, the unsuccessful or defeated one usually receives little sym- pathy. It is a hard rule, but probably it is just as well in the end that human beiags are constituted this way. It acts as a double incentive to achieve suc- cess; once having tasted of its sweets, the unsuccessful one is pretty certain to put forth more determined efforts to re- gain what he has lost than he would if such were not the case. We are reminded of this in connection with the numerous trade misfortunes which have occurred during the pro- tracted panic, which it would seem we are on the eve of relegating as a thing of the past. In many respects the de- pression was unprecedented. There have been more violent upheavals when the results for the time being were ap- parently more disastrous, but never in the history of the country, probably, has there been that depression which, in some cases, is worse than the ‘‘ Black Friday.’’ Business houses with suffi- cient surplus capital to warrant those at the head of them in considering them- selves beyond all reasonable possibility of adverse conditions have seen such surplus dissipated, and probably were finally forced into insolvency by the force of circumstances beyond their control. In a good many such unfor- tunate instances, perhaps, they would have been able to tide matters over all right had they not been hampered and oppressed by one or two unreasonable creditors, who showed less considera- tion for others than they expected them- selves. A business man has, under erdinary circumstances, a right to expect that prices will not continue to depreciate from month to month and from year to year, so that, when he has worked up the materials he bought at a certain price, the finished product has dropped to such a point that no profit remains for him, if the whole transaction does not net him an actual loss. Yet this has been the state of affairs in most lines of industry during the past three years, and, as we have said, those who did not prepare for it were not lacking in that amount of either cautiousness or foresight necessary, under usual condi- tions, to insure success. That this is generally recognized is indicated from the fact that those who have fallen by the wayside have, in all cases where they have shown an honest disposition to make the best settlement possible with their creditors, received the sym- pathy of their fellow-members of the trade. This is only as it shouid be. Many who became embarrassed under the conditions named have already been able to resume, and it can be safely predicted that those who have in them the qualities necessary to ultimate suc- cess will, during the next few years, in most instances, regain all the ground they have lost. After all, Emerson is correct when he says: ‘‘It is not the number of times we fall, but the num- ber of times we are able to rise again, which indicates our true degree of strength.’’ A Delicate Question. Father Rocks—Yes, my honesty is the best policy. Nellie Rocks—How do daughter, you know, papa? Have you tried both? _— ~ > -- 20> It is the small things that count in the long run. If a man does not pay his | little bills he cannot be considered an | honest man. HIRTH, KRAUSE & CO., Grand Rapids. : : : : : When you are Looking for Reliable 00000000 at Prices that fit the times as well as the Feet———ama. SEE that your account is with the “winners.” They are THE HEROLD-BERTSGH SHOE O0., State Agents for Wales-Goodyear Rubbers, 5 and 7 Pearl Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. 30000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 OOOOH OS H900O9900000060000000 OO Rindge, Kalmbach & Co., 12, 14, 16 Pearl Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. | : Our Factory Lines are the Best Wearing Shoes on Earth. We carry the neatest, nobbiest and best lines of job- bing goods, all the latest styles, everything up to date. We are agents for the best and most perfect line of rubbers made—the Boston Rubber Shoe Co.’s goods. You should see their Gn P| SOOSOSSS 6 HO9O90000 90000000 They are stars in fit and finish. New Century Toe—it is a beauty. If you want the best goods of all kinds—best service and best treatment, place your orders with us. Our references are our customers of the last thirty years. Now is the time to get in stock of Rubber Boots and shoes as we have great bargains to offer you. We solicit correspondence. We carry a large line of Felt Boots and Sox at the prices. STUDLEY & BARCLAY, 4 MONROE ST., GRAND RAPIDS. lowest market Agents “ L. CANDEE & CO, FEDERAL RUBBER CO. Ask for price list. tvs i i THE BEST WEARING LAU ee Profits to the Retailer. At following prices to the consumer. Bijou, 7 Bbutten,. 2 220)... $0.20 Josephine, 7 Button.......... 0.50 Pare: 7 Betton ose 0.75 Heit IO Dauen.. 0.50 Victoria, to Button........... 0.75 Leggings, all Wool, extra long, 1.50 Legging, part Wool,......... 1.00 Lambs’ Wool Soles, Etc. Write for prices. GOODYEAR GLOVE RUBBERS “2: Reality vs. Ideality. From Shoe and Leather Facts. Strange as it may seem, there are un- doubtedly a good many persons in all walks of life who do not achieve the full measure of success their ability makes possible, by reason of the fact that their ideal is too high. This is no doubt attributable in most cases to fallacious early training. To judge by what is taught, for example, about George Washington as a_ general, or A. T. Stewart and Stephen Girard in the commercial world, one would think they were absolutely faultless, and so vastly superior in their make-up to the average individual met in real life that it is not to be wondered that the average boy and girl decide it to be impos- sible, by any human effort, to reach such an emimence. The chances are that they go through life, unless they are more than usually bright and ob- serving, without discovering that the real is not as high as the ideal. We remember that, as a boy, we were taught in the kindergarten that stars are five- pointed and star-shaped, much time be- ing devoted to designing and cutting out miniature stars of this kind. Such an impression was made on our mind that not until some years afterward was it discovered that stars do not always necessarily present that picture to the eye, but that usually they appear-to be round. As we have stated, this same exagger- ation seems to run through all literature. Read about some of the early founders of the churches and how nearly they ap- proached perfection, if their biographers can be believed. Those who are living under.such an illusion, and we are addressing our- selves more especially to business men, cannot too soon come to a proper recog- nition of the situation. The difference between success and failure, as between a recognized great mind and an inferior one, often consists in but a trifle. It is the determination to press ‘‘half a league onward’’ which makes one the popular hero and leaves his former com- panions in obscurity. Do not imagine that some people are so brilliant that they never. make mistakes. Their su- periority does not consist in their being perfect, but in their ability to speedily regain what they may lose by an error of judgment or in action. In deciding upon your ideals, there- fore, do not forget that they were, after all, human like yourself. —___—» 2. The Force and Effect of a ‘“ Receipt in Full.” There is probably as much misappre- hension regarding the legal effect of a receipt in full as exists in regard to any other rule of law, most persons prob- ably believing that when they have taken a receipt in full it will end the matter; but an investigation of the subject discloses the fact that much de- pends upon the nature of the claim, un- der ce1tain circumstances, and the in- tention of the parties, under others. A receipt, in certain cases, may be explained or contradicted, but it must be in case of mistake, ignorance of fact, or when some unconscionable ad- vantage has been taken of one by the other party. A receipt is not always open to explanation; nor can it always be disregarded on the ground that there was no consideration for the acceptance of a portion of a valid claim as full payment. The establishment of such a rule would seriously derange business affairs. The doctrine that the receipt of part payment must rest upon a_ valid consideration, to be effective in the dis- charge of the entire debt, is carefully limited to cases where the debt is liq- uidated, by agreement of the parties or otherwise. Let us examine some of the decisions. In the case of Railway Company vs. Davis (11 Pacific Reporter, 421), the ‘opinion says that ‘‘it is a well-settled principle of law that the payment of a part of an ascertained and_ indisputed debt, although accepted in full satisfac- tion, and a receipt in full given, does not prevent the creditor from recovering the balance. In such case the amount THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN is without consideration.’’ In Hays vs. Insurance Company (18 N. E. Report- er, 322), the Supreme Court of Illinois applies the doctrine, but expressly states ‘“‘that it has no application where prop- erty other than money is taken, or where there is an honest compromise of un- liquidated or disputed demands.’’ In Marion vs. Heimbach (64 N. W. Re- porter, 386) the Supreme Court of Min- nesota says: ‘‘But where the claim is unliquidated, it would seem that if the creditor is tendered a less sum than his claim upon the conditions that, if it is accepted, it must be in full satisfaction of his whole claim, his acceptance is an accord and satisfaction.’’ The important fact to ascertain is whether the claim was a_ liquidated claim or not. If it was, there is no con- sideration for the discharge. If not, the authorities are in substantial accord that part payment of the claim may dis- charge the debt, if it is so received. The courts have undoubtedly alluded to the whole claim, and considered that, where the amount is not agreed upon, the claim as a whole is unliquidated, and therefore subject to adjustment. If this is not true, no man can pay an amount that he admits to be due without being subject to suit whenever and so often as his creditor may choose to claim that he was not fully paid, no matter how solemn may have been his acknowledgement of satisfaction, so long as it is not a release under seal. The general rule is a technical one, and there are many exceptions, and it has been said that it ‘‘should not be ex- tended to embrace cases not within the letter of it."’ It has no application in cases of claims against the Government ; where, if one accepts the amount al- lowed, it is a discharge of the whole claim. Again, it has been repeatedly held that part payment isa bar to claim for interest. Another exception is found in a general composition with creditors. In Pratt vs. Castle (52 N. W. Report- er, 52), it was said that: (1) Settle- ments are favored by the law, and will not be set aside, except for fraud mis- take or duress. (2) A_ settlement evi- denced by the execution of mutual re- ceipts of ‘‘one dollar, in fuil of all debts, dues, and demands, to this date, except as to certain specified items, is conclusive, in the absence of fraud or mistake, as to all prior dealings be- tween the parties not covered by the excepted items. ”’ >.> - The Ability to Think Quickly and Act Promptly. From Shoe and Leather Facts. One of the most noticeable things about many of the leading business and professional men is that they find time to accomplish so much. Although they may be connected with scores of inter- ests, each of which is apparently of sufficient importance to keep the aver- age man employed all day and to dis- turb his slumbers half of the night, still it is not uncommon to find these intel- lectual giants apparently without a care in the world and with plenty of time to devote to recreation, or to furthering some worthy public enterprise. Chaun- cey Depew, for example, although he has practically direct supervision of interests involving probably — several hundred millions, dines out almost every night and can tell the latest joke or deliver an oration on the most com- plex philosophical subject apparently at a moment’s notice. Mark Hanna, al- though interested in dozens of great in- terests employing thousands of laborers and involving a score or more of mil- lions, is not too busy to take charge of a political campaign as chairman of a national committee. Many other similar illustrations might be given, were it necessary to demonstrate the point we desire to bring out. Why have these men leisure, while the average indi- vidual who labors in a much more limited sphere is, as he often believes, ‘‘rushed to death?’’ Simply because, on the one hand, there are wise method and speedy action, while on the other these essentials are lacking. ‘*Do it now!’’ is the motto suspended above the desk of a leading Boston busi- ness man. He has been wonderfully successful, and the presumption is that he has lived up to the sentiment ex- pressed inthemotto, Dillydallying isthe bane of nine persons out of ten, whether they occupy the position of employer or employed. No bad _ habit grows more rapidly than that of dull thinking and slow acting. There is far more dream- ing done in the daytime than at night. A book-keeper starts in the morning by looking around for a new pen. He has not a fixed place to keep them, so by the time he finds the box, makes a se- lection and gets it properly placed in the holder, not to mention the fact of a dozen tests he applies to it before giv- ing it a trial on paper, from one to ten minutes have been absolutely and eter- nally wasted. Then he probably takes up an account which needs straighten- ing. He reads the communication per- taining to it over carelessly, while he is thinking about the pleasant evening he spent the night before. The result is that when he gets through he does not know any more than when he started. It has to be read over two or three times more; and the same slipshod mental and physical process applies to his work during the balance of the day. Other clerks or salesmen in the same establish- ment probably are wasting their time, and that of others whom they are sup- posed to assist, in a somewhat similar fashion. All these persons, the chances are, spend much time thinking about what a hard world this is, and in men- tally condemning their employer for not raising their salaries. They honestly believe that they are working very hard and that their efforts are not fully ap- preciated. It requires an effort to think quickly and act promptly, because it is out of the ordinary; and, if we can make _ use of the expression, an extraordinary thing cannot be accomplished by ordi- nary methods. Because a man is sitting at a desk or standing behind a_ counter from daylight until darkness is no rea- son why he is accomplishing anything commensurate with the amount of time expended or the salary he receives. If many persons who now suffer on account of the errors referred to would observe this method of thinking and act- ing quickly, they would be amazed to find out how much time they have for leisure, and how much more satisfactory their work would prove to themselves and to their employers. —_$~> 0» ___— Persons who have catarrh or who easily catch ‘‘catarrh cold’’ find imme- diate and permanent relief by snuffing a little lukewarm water into the nostrils every morning after rising, first cleans- ing them thoroughly by blowing the nose. The water may be held in the palm of the hand and thus applied to the nostrils. During an attack of cold in the head this method of treatment will be found very effective. A little salt added to the water is very good, and a drop of carbolic acid is also recom- mended, but must be used cautiously. ~~» 0. Concentration is the secret of success with most business men. ® ° e successors to REEDER BROS. SHOE C0. Michigan Agents for LCOMINg and Keystone Rubbers} and Jobbers of specialties in Men’s and Women’s Shoes, Felt Boots, Lumbermen’s Socks. Lycoming Rubbers Lead ail other Brands in Fit, Style and Wearing Qualities. Try them. «| This stamp appears Pingree op? on the Rubber of pRB all our “Neverslip” i By PATENTED FEB 2% 1892 Bicycle and Winter Shoes. DO YOUR FEET SLIP? The ‘*Neverslip’’ gives elasticity and ease to every step taken by the wearer. It breaks the shock or jarring of the body when walking, and is particularly adapted to all who are obliged to be on their feet. None but the best of material used in their makeup. Every walking man should have at least a pair. “tl Simplest and Most Economical Method of Keeping Petit Accounts. File and 1,000 printed blank bill heads...... 82 75 File and 1,000 specially printed bill heads... 3 25 Printed blank bill heads, per M ............. 1% Specially printed bill heads, per M... ...... 1 @ TRADESMAN COMPANY, Grand Rapids. SE IE New Olippers CNewOlinpers eeu Clippers New Clippers S> YK DON’T TRUST TO LUCK A =~) _— A when selecting a bicycle. perienced rider, buy from a responsible local dealer who sells his wheels at one price. Ifyou BUY A BUSINESS CLIPPER If you’re not an ex- you are taking no chances. reasonable Clipper rider is Clippers are honestly made and hon- estly sold at honest prices and profits. satisfied ; if you’re not we would like to know the reason why. If you own one you'll be No Ww Oliprers ew Olppers : : : MADE allowed to remain dissatisfied py IDS ( CLE ( 0- ul if we know it. Pratt 209. THE ae SPIDS FUCH. ul HE Ee View @lippans Newt @linpers Niw@linners CNiwOlppes sp ee Pe i > P Le. S80 AS ane e EMRNRENO ARIES <8 SOO ROLY PER ARERR RE MRR: 24. Why Too Many Young Men Fail as Salesmen. R. A. Neely in Grocery World. ‘*Good morning, sir. Do you require the services of a salesman?’’ was the question heard in the office of one of our wholesale grocery houses a few weeks ago. The speaker was rather a prepossess- ing young man, very neatly dressed. ‘‘Half a dozen, if we can get the right kind,’’ answered the gentleman addressed. ‘‘What firm have you been selling for; what territory and what ex- perience?’’ were the questions asked In rapid succession. The young man’s face was a study. ‘‘Haven’t traveled any, sir, but I have clerked for Smith & Jones, retail- ers, for the past six years, and I want to make a change to better myself, and I think I could sell your goods and make some money for you if you will only give me an opportunity,’’ he re- plied. ‘*‘What we want is experienced men, men who command a trade, who un- derstand the business from A to Z, who know how to handle a customer and also can create new trade. If you were that kind of a man we would very gladly give you a trial, paying you a salary and all expenses, but in your Case it would be simply an experiment which might prove very costly to us in the end.’’ ‘*But, sir, I know I will make a _ suc- cess of it if you will only give mea trial.” ‘Well,’ veplied' the jobber, © to make a success you must make some money for us. You would cost us for one week, say: salary, $15; expenses on a trip through the State, $17.50, or $32.50 in all; do you think you can sell enough goods to good trade to net us $5o?”’ ‘*T don’t think there is any doubt of it,’’ replied the future salesman, his face brightening up. ‘‘Well, if you are so sure, how does this proposition appeal to you: we have three near-by counties with a good es- tablished trade, at present not covered, which you can have. We will post you as thoroughly as possible, give you the cost of every article, you fix your own selling price except on contract goods, and we will give you one-half of the profits. Fair proposition, is it not?’’ The bright smile faded away, the lower jaw fell, and the prospective salesman, who had seen a good position within his grasp, closed his hand and found it wasn’t there. ‘*Can’t you make it a small salary to start with? he queried.’ ‘*Well, sir, it you are soconfident you can sell goods it shouldn’t make any difference whether you seli on salary or commission. Think the matter over and drop in again,’’ said the jobber, as be turned around to find my wants, which, of course, were ‘‘orders.’’ ‘‘That’s a sample, Mr. Neely, of an almost daily occurrence. There are lots of young men behind the counters of retail grocers who think that if they can only get on the road their success 1s as- sured. Lots of them try it, but about one out of five makes a success of it. It is not as easy to go into a man’s Store and sell him as it is to stand behind his counter and wait on the customers as they come in. It’s an entirely differ- ent line of work ; and yet I don’t blame them. I would like to give every young fellow who comes along a chance."’ No doubt, dear clerk, the question that has been troubling you has been the same old ‘‘To chang or not to change.’’ If you have a good position which is paying you well I would sug- gest ‘‘no change,’’ and yet you might try it and succeed, but if you contem- plate making the attempt weigh the matter very carefully, take into consid- eration the ups and downs of the busi- ness. To many of you the ‘‘drummer’’ is a genial fellow, with lots of spending money, a good salary, dresses well, a large agquaintance among good people, always smiling and a new joke for every one; in fact, he appears the very essence of prosperity, happiness and THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN success, and an obiect of envy. But let’s look behind the curtain. His business is to sell goods. He is expected to earn a good profit above his salary and ex- penses for his house ; if he can’t, the house has no use for him. He must keep in touch with the market, and be possessed of all kinds of information on all matters connected with his business ; must be able to read human nature. From the time he leaves home until he gets back he can’t call an hour his own, he often loses his dinner to make train connections, often travels all night, gets up before daybreak to catch his train, gets to bed late, oft-times cultivates dyspepsia, lays the foundation of rheu- matism, robs himself of a home, all be- cause he is engaged in a tireless strug- gle for trade. It requires hustie and push to succeed, yet he must be polite, educated and a gentleman. And yet withal he manages to get in a few min- utes of genuine pleasure. Now, dear clerk, don’t think that the picture is too darkly drawn—ask any ‘‘drummer”’ about it. There are lots of men on the road_ to- day who were once ‘“‘clerks,’’ and there is no reason why the retail clerks shall not continue to give their quota of suc- cessful salesmen. Weigh the matter carefully; don’t give up your present position until you have another to step into. Get a good house—one that adver- tises extensively and therefore is well known. Learn the ins and outs of the business, keep your eyes open, learn something new every day, get in the ‘‘push’’ and stay there. There are lots of openings for bright, active, pushing men who have experi- ence and who can command trade, and quite a few for those who, while not having experience or trade, have in them the sterling qualities that will in a short time, with proper training, pro- duce both. If you feel that your voca- tion in life is to sell goods, and you are well convinced of the fact, don’t wait until next year to start. Now is the time; the sooner the better. Then work as you never worked before, always keeping before you the fact that the only use your employers have for you is to make money for them—it will always be a case of ‘‘hustle and push.”’ a Distinction Between Cinnamon and Cubeb Cigarettes. The Commissioner bas received from a Western Collector a package of twelve so-called medicated cinnamon ciga- rettes, which are held out by the label on the box to be a panacea for a num- ber of ills to which mankind is heir. The Collector invites attention to the fact that they are not stamped, and states that they are being retailed to boys by small grocers in his city, and that the claim is made by the local agent of the manufacturer that the goods are exempt from taxation on the ground that they are medicated. The Collector asks what course he shall pursue in re- gard to them, he being of the opinion that they are subject to tax. The Commissioner has advised. him that cubeb cigarettes and the like, con- taining no tobacco as an ingredient, and being made of a recognized medic- inal preparation and used exclusively for catarrh, etc., are held to be purely medicated articles and free from tax; but that cinnamon cigarettes, coming within the same category as those made of tea, are intended to be used in place of the tobacco cigarette, and are, there- fore, held to be a substitute for tobacco within the meaning and intent of Sec- tion 3,394, Revised Statutes, and if found upon the market unstamped are liable to seizure. The Collector has been directed to detain all such ciga- rettes in the hands of dealers, without expense to the Government, until fur- ther instructed, and the Collector of the district where the goods are made has been communicated with and directed to see that the parties engaged in their manufacture comply with the law,.as manufacturers of cigars. Sie ay Pulverized rock salt in equal quantity of turpentine is excellent dressing for a felon. Apply a rag soaked in this every twenty hours. Established 1780. Walter Baker & C0.,4> Dorchester, Mass., The Oldest and Largest Manufacturers of PURE, HIGH GRAD - COOKS |CHOCOLATES on this Continent. : No Chemicals are used in their manufactures. Their Breakfast Cocoa is absolutely pure, SUBSTITUTE delicious, nutritious, and costs less than one FOR centa cup. Their Premium No. 1 Chocolate is the vest plain chocolate in the market for family use. Pits cores Soe Case ale eat and goo n tious and healthful; a great favorite with MANUFACTURED children. Buyers should ask for and be sure that Sy shey get the genuine ue , ney) 0 Walter Baker & Co.’s goods, madt at C. H. STRUEBE, Sandusky, Ohio, Agent for Ohio, Indiana and Michigan. Dorchester, Mass. LARGEST BROOM FACTORY in Michigan is CHAS. MANZELMANN’S, at Detroit. His variety of brooms and whisks commands attention. varren’s init ASPHALT ROOF GOA TING Contains over 90 per cent. pure Trinidad Asphalt when dry. You can get full information in regard to this material by writing WARREN GHEMICGAL AND MANUFACTURING CO., 81 Fulton street, NEW YORK. 1120 Chamber of Commerce, DETROIT. || Cornice and Slate Roofing. Every kind & Pulte, . Hot Air Furnaces. Plumbing and Steam Heating; cat of Sheet Metal Work. 99 Pearl St., HAS | W\ eatherly | and Electric Fixtures; Galvanized Iron Pumps and Well Supplies. GRAND RAPIDS. Best equipped and largest concern in the State. 7 i ¢ Ua é No matter where you go, you’ll find {the Se ‘om a. ahead of you and far ahead of anything on the market in nickel Cigars. $35. Ask your jobber, or send $1.75 for sample box of 50, postpaid, to G. J. JOHNSON CIGAR CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. ESE SS eae ae a ea ear eee EET ena eR a re GOV VV VE CECT STCT STV TST STST FISTS SOV VV finer eens ac i THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 25 Commercial Travelers Michigan Knights of the Grip. President, S. E. Symons, Saginaw; Secretary, Gro. F. Owen, Grand Rapids; Treasurer, J. J. Frost, Lansing. Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Association. President, J. F. Cooper, Detroit; Secretary and Treasurer, D. Morris, Detroit. United Commercial Travelers of Michigan. Chancellor, H. U. Marks, Detroit; Secretary, Epwin Hupson, Flint; Treasurer, Gro. A. Rey- NOLDs, Saginaw. Michigan Division, T. P. A. President, Geo. F. OWEN, Grand Rapids; Secre- tary and Treasurer, Jas. B. McINNEs, Grand Rapids. Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Mutual Acci- dent Association. President, A. F. PEAKE, Jackson; Secretary and Treasurer, J. H. MCKELVEY. Board of Directors—F. M. Tyier, H. B. Fatr- CHILD, GEO. F. OWEN, J. HENRY Dawtey, GEO. J. HEINZELMAN, CuHAs. S. ROBINSON. Lake Superior Commercial Travelers’ Club. President, W. C. Brown, Marquette; Secretary and Treasurer, A. F. Wixson, Marquette. Gripsack Brigade. The men on the road who have thrown old ways of doing business to the winds and have struck out of the beaten tracks are the fellows who are ‘‘getting there. ’’ Commercial travelers do not ‘‘talk shop’’ as they did in days gone by. They are not continually referring to their samples or their customers or their competitors. There is no way of suppressing com- petition on the road. If our competitor goes down, two others will bob up to take his place. It is the way of the business world. There is only one force greater than the press, and that is the world of com- mercial travelers. The manufacturer and jobber depend solely on the mag netism of their traveling men. The merchant has found the ministra- tions of the commercial traveler neces- sary and will not do without him, for he knows that he’s the product of civiliza- tion and progress and helps largely for- ward the march of commerce. Miguel de Cervantes, the author of ‘*Don Quixote,’’ said: ‘* Every one is as God made him, and oftentimes a great deal worse.’’ Traveling men are as God made them, and when it comes to patience they are a great deal better. A traveling man who was thrown from a moving train in Florida last week, and picked up for dead, cheated the coroner out of his fees by recovering. It takes a bigger ‘‘throw down’’ than that to discourage the average knight of the or- der book and pencil. Arthur B. Clark, formerly engaged in the grocery business at Plainwell, is now on the road for the Avon Shoe Co. and E. H. Tilton & Co., shoe manu- facturers of Boston, covering the entire State. He is meeting with flattering success, considering the times. Geo. W. Sevey, for the past year on the road for the Michigan Spice Co., will travel for Jennings & Smith, start- ing out next Monday over the territory formerly covered by the late Jas. C. Avery. Mr. Sevey is a faithful worker and will, doubtless, achieve success in his new connection. Misrepresentation of goods on the road merely delays the day of reckon- ing. If you evade the truth in one di- rection you must in another, and in the end your customers will give their trade to your competitor and remark about you: ‘‘If he had told us the truth it would have been different. He preferred to lie to us, and now he must take the consequences, ”’ Until a National bankruptcy law is in operation, manufacturers, jobbers and wholesalers will be badly handicapped in making their collections. There are several States in the Union where the laws seem to be drawn with the express purpose of enabling dealers to cheat distant creditors, provided they desire to do so. A bankruptcy measure oper- ating equally in all sections is earnestly desired by every honest business man. The traveling salesman in this coun- try is a type of character produced since the war; but he has already brought about a radical change in the methods of business and in a body of men pursuing it. He is a distinct in- dividuality, aggressive and_irrepress- ible, who is modifying, not merely business life, but to some extent social life also. A very interesting character for the study of the social philosophers is the modern American knight of the grip. ‘*Selling goods on commission,’’ said a shoe salesman, ‘‘is the toughest kind of work. The traveling man who sells goods in this way feels, after being out a month, as though he’d take up the first steady job of digging dirt which presented itself. He puts out his good money for railroad fares and hotel bills, and is often discouraged at the small- ness of his sales and consequent pro- spective commissions. I would rather take a small salary than a big commis- sion on almost any line unless it has an established reputation of many years’ standing. ”’ A trick often practiced on the travel- ing salesman is for a dealer to ask for the price on a large quantity of goods and then offer the same rate on a pur- chase of a dozen or so of anarticle. An- other is to obtain the cash price and then take long time at the same rate. These tricks are frequently successful, but the one who practices them can hardly be called honorable. To be sure, it is every man’s prerogative to obtain the best figures on goods to be had, but to lead a seller to believe that your in- tentions are to pay cash when they are not, or to give him to understand that the purchase is to be a large one when it is not, is a clear case of deceit, and deceit is never honorable. —__—__»>-2.—__—_ Why the Donkey Felt Insulted. We were snow bound at Calgary, Northwest Territory, and our party con- sisted of four drummers, who did their best to kill time until the Canadian Pacific snowplows should clear the track. Tom Sykes was the life of the party, and proved a never-failing source of wit. We were sitting in the office of the hotel after dinner and the subject of animals and their peculiarities was be- ing discussed. ‘*Did you ever notice,’’ said Tom,*' how some animals will obey tke voice of man as intelligently as a human being? I have succeeded, ’’ said he,‘‘in becom- ing an expert in that line. I suggest the most improbable idea to any animal and it will be carried out to the letter.’’ A donkey hitched to a cart which contained crockery, glassware, etc., was standing directly in front of the hotel. ‘‘Now,’’ said he, ‘‘I can go out to that donkey and tell him to strikea swift gait down the street and he will obey me.”’ Of course, we laughed at the idea, and when Tom offered to go the price of the wine should he fail, he was immediately taken up. The driver of the cart had great faith in his animal, and agreed to undertake all responsibility of accidents. Tom slipped a dollar in the man’s hand to close the bargain and walked over to the donkey’s head. Raising his right ear, he pretended to whisper a few words, but at the same time dropped a few hot ashes from the end of his cigar into the ear, unob- served. With a grand plunge the infuriated beast bolted down the street and ran pellmell into a telegraph pole, bringing a wreck of crockery, etc., to a dead stop on the sidewalk. The peddler was in a terrible stew, and soon as his fractious donkey was safely in the barn he hunted Tom up and demanded damages. Tom refused, and he went to the Mayor, and Tom was summoned before that dignitary the following morning. The driver presented his case, and stated that before the defendant had spoken to the animal it had always borne a good reputation; had never been known to run away, and that to the best of his belief the destruction of his wares and the disgraceful conduct of his four-footed friend were due to the in- fluence exerted by the defendant. The defendant clearly demonstrated to the court that he had secured the privi- lege from the plaintiff, who had under- taken the responsibility of possible re- sults. At any rate, the case was dis- missed. As Tom was leaving the court room, the presiding officer called him back. Mr. Sykes,’ said) he, (‘you will pardon me, but I am curious to know what you said to the donkey, and, while it is not necessary for you to make a statement, the court would feel gratified if you would favor us.’’ Tom demurred, and stated that it was only of a private nature, and would not prove interesting. The judge overruled the objection and persisted in his request. ‘*Well,’’ said Tom, ‘‘I will tell you. I told the donkey that he was a greater ass than the Mayor of Calgary, and he simply couldn’t stand it, Your Honor.’’ What effect the remark had upon His Honor we never knew, for, as Tom con- cluded, the whistling of a passenger train was heard, and we hastened to the hotel for our grips. ALBERT C. ANTRIM. —___2._ Not in His Native Element. Fremont, Oct. 29—We've got a ‘‘ good one’’ on Harry Winchester, who repre- sents Ball-Barnhart-Putman Co. in_ this section. [ thought perhaps you might jike to hear about it. The last time Harry was here he called at our store when we were very busy. Imbued with a desire to be helptul, he laid aside his hat, stepped behind the counter and said to a lady who stood there, ‘‘What can I do for you, madam?’’ The lady stepped back, sized him up and replied, ‘‘Are you working here?’’ After re- ceiving an affirmative reply, she asked the price of granulated sugar. Of course, Harry had toaska clerk, where- upon the lady started to roast him with, ‘*Well, you must be a_ green hand.’’ The climax came when he put three pounds of sugar in a Io pound sack, making a very ill-shaped package, prompting the remark, ‘Young man, you're not onto your job,’’ which was a crusher, indeed. Harry can sell gro- ceries at wholesale, but when it comes to a retail business, he’s strictly not in it. W. HARMAN. a i The man who ‘is always wondering what the neighbors think of him would be surprised sometimes to know that they seldom think of him at all. —___~> 2. A factory for the manufacture of a horse-power potato planting, machine patented by an Oceana county man, wil probably be built. Snedicor & Hathaway 80 to 89 W. Woodbridge St., Detroit, Manufacturers for Michigan Trade. DRIVING SHOES, MEN’S AND BOYS’ GRAIN SHOES. C. E. Smith Shoe Co., Agts. for Mich., O. and Ind. BUSINESS , 4 , — DEF ROsT, AGC. __ Leading Business Training Institution of America. Is composed of five superior schools, viz., Business, Shortband, English, Penmanship and Mechanieal Drawi-g. 11-19 Wilcox St W. F. Jewell, P. R. Spencer. Every Merchant Who uses the Tradesman Company’s COUPON BOOKS, does so with a sense of security and profit, for he knows he is avoiding loss and annoy ance. Write TRADESMAN COMPANY, Grand Rapids \ \ Cutler House in New Hands. H. D. and F. H. Irish, formerly landlords at the New Livingston Hotel, at Grand Rapids, have leased the Cutler House, at Grand Haven, where they bespeak the cordial co-operation aud support of the traveling public. They will conduct the Cutler House as a strictly first-class house, giving every detail painstaking at- tention. COMMERCIAL HOUSE Iron Mountain, Mich. Lighted by Electricity. Heated by Steam. All modern conveniences. S2 PER DAY. IRA A. BEAN, Prop. THE WIERENGO E. T. PENNOYER, Manager, MUSKEGON, MICHIGAN. Steam Heat, Electric light and bath rooms. Rates, $1.50 and $2.00 per day. HOTEL BURKE G. R. & I. Eating House. CADILLAC, MICH. All modern conveniences. C. BURKE, Prop. W. 0. HOLDEN, Mgr. SELL THESE CIGARS and give customers good Fae ane Dupticating Sates Books We carry in stock the following VXOOQOOQOOOQOGQOQQQOOE Oe lines of Duplicating Sales Books, manufactured by the Carter- Crume Co.: J Pads Acmé Gash Sales Book Nine Inch Duplicating Book Twelve Inch Duplicating Book We buy these goods in large quantities and are able to sell them at factory prices. Corres- pondence solicited. TRADESMAN COMPANY, GRAND RAPIDS. 26 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Drugs--Chemicals STATE BOARD OF PHARMACY. One Year— - - C. A. BueBEE, Traverse City Two Years—_ - - S. E. PARKILL, Owosso Three Years— - F. W. R. Perry, Detroit Four Years— A. C. ScHuMacHER, Ann Arbor Five Years— - GEO. GuNDRUM, Ionia President, C. mm BuGBEE, Traverse City. Secretary, F. W. R. Perry, Detroit. Treasurer, GEO. GUNDRUM, Ionia. Coming Meetings—Lansing, November 4 and 5. MICHIGAN STATE PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION. President, G. C. Paruires, Armada. Secretary, B. ScoRouDER, Grand Rapids. Treasurer, CHas. Mann, Detroit. Executive Committee—A. H. WEBBER, Cadillac; H. G. Cotman, Kalamazoo; Gro. J. WaRD, St. Cram- A. B. STEVENS, ‘Detroit; ue Perry, Detroit. The Drug Market. Alcohol—Grain is moderately steady. Wood, is still moving fairly as to con- suming channels, and prices are main- tained. Alum — Fair consuming demand, values being well sustained. Balsams—-There has been a sudden decline in tolu quotations, owing to un- expected arrivals, and competition be- tween principal holders has been keen, and a further reduction is reported as not among the impossibles. Copaiba is very strong and has again been ad- vanced as to prime. Peru, quiet but steady. There is an improved demand for Canada fir, although there is no mentionable change in prices. Barium, Nitrate—Prices continue steady. Only small sales are reported. Beans—All varieties of vanilla are strong, with small parcels moving freely. Burgundy Pitch—Prices steady. Cacao Butter—Spot values are still firmly held and stocks are light and offered sparingly. Cantharides—Demand slow, but prices remain steady. Cassia Buds—Scarcity and concentra- tion of stocks have resulted in a strong- er market, and prices have gone up. Cinchonidia—Values firm, with only small lots to be obtained. Cocaine—On Monday of this week, manufacturers reduced prices 25c per ounce. Colocynth Apples—Very scarce and firm as regards Trieste and the market is about bare of prime. Cream Tartar—Quiet and steady. Cubeb Berries—Market dull and easy. Ergot— Best quality Spanish is being firmly held. Essential Oils—Anise still exhibits an easy tendency and values have been re- duced. Citronella is firmer, influenced by advancing prices across the water, and spot quotations have been advanced. Croton has again been marked up. General trading is moderate. Flowers—Valencia saffron has _ con- tinued to harden, due to sympathy with foreign markets, and the jobbing price has been advanced by holders. Ameri- can still moves slowly. Glycerine—Market quiet but firm. Gums—Camphor is strong, with the tone upward, cables from porting an advance in both crude and refined. Demand is unusually good, but sellers do not seem to want to oper ate on the basis of present values. Lycopodium—Active consuming de- mand. Menthol— Demand scarcely steady. Opium—Movement still slow, market consequently quiet, tendency easy, with quotations declined. Orange Peel—Prices steady. London re- light, with prices Quinine—The recent cables from London, to the effect that manufacturers had made a reduction of 2 d. in prices, had a demoralizing influence on the market, and values as to second hands declined immediately. The official statement is made that manufacturers have reduced prices of bulk. Consid- erable conjecture exists as to the real reason for the radical decline, but the general supposition seems to be that the aggressiveness of new makers on the Continent is the main cause of the pres- ent condition. Rochelle Salts—Market easier and manufacturers have reduced prices. Roots—Golden seal is firmer and has advanced. Serpentaria is having a somewhat better demand. Gentian, holders are firm as to their views. Man- drake, still scarce and firm at the late advance. Seeds—Values of Dutch caraway are maintained, in spite of free arrivals. Competition anda decline in prices have resulted in an easier market for celery. Coriander is a trifle firmer, with an advance in natural. Italian fennel is reported as scarce and firm. Poppy is somewhat easier, due to freer offerings. German rape, market firm. Star anise has advanced again; and prices for cardamoms are Sc higher. Seidlitz Mixture—Manufacturers have reduced quotations. Sponges—Values are irregular and the spot market is in an unsettled condi- tion, on account of continued competi- tion. Key West advices report the mar- ket there as being practically bare and it will probably be at least two weeks before fresh arrivals begin. +2. Curiosities in the Pharmacopeias. If the pharmacists could only enlist the physicians to co-operate with them in epurating the pharmacopoeias of the world, how many of the old humbugs would remain which were originally in- troduced into the national law-books of pharmacy, not by virtue of their use- fulness or efficiency as healing agents, but because of their color, odor, taste or popularity among the ignorant and credulous, or on account of some. strik- ing peculiarity, with little or no relation to rational therapeutics? It is not necessary to investigate very far to find in our most recent pharmaco- poeias some of these curious relics of former days, substances which would not be admitted into any pharmaco- poeia at the present time, because no rational claim could be made in favor of their recognition as probably useful remedies, but which are retained in some of the pharmacopoeias because of the timidity, indifference, or miscon- ception of the functions and rightful scope of those works, on the part of their revisers. Castoreum is still official in several pharmacopoeias. Can any one doubt that the chief, if not the only, reason for the original introduction of that drug was its peculiar source and its strong odor and taste? Is there any reason for believing that any good can come from administering to the sick a partially de- composed animal organ, _ ill-smelling and repulsive enough to excite in the very ignorant and superstitious the be- lief that it must be a “‘powerful strong drug,’’ and to compel the possessor of a fairly civilized sense of smell to keep at a respectful distance? If so, castor should be retained in the official ma- teria-medica list. There is no evidence whatever that castor contains any chem- ical constituents such as warrant a be- lief in its activity or utility as a rem- edy; but it is known to be extremely unreliable in that it sometimes has little effect other than the disgust, nausea and distress naturally produced by any half spoiled dried meat, while at other times it has produced very alarming symptoms strongly suggestive of poison- ous constituents (animal alkaloids?) Tincture of castor has been admin- istered to hysterical women, with the effect that their hysterics promptly ceased—probably because any woman compelled to take such a dose would never dare to have hysteria again. In two of the very recent pharmaco- poeias we find a preparation called ‘‘supercarbonas ammonicus pyroleo- sus,’’ which is a mixture of ammonium carbonate and ‘‘Dippel’s animal oil!’’ There was a time when an_ impure empyreumatic ammonium carbonate was employed in medicine, and solutions of it became popular among the ignorant classes of people in various countries largely because these preparations were ‘*strong’’enough in odor and taste to command reverence. In these days, when the old empyreumatic ‘‘hartshorn salt’’ can no longer be had, the popular demand for ‘‘the Prince’s Drops’’ still continues so great that the national pharmacopoeias, published by the re- spective governments, contain formulas for the production of good imitations by deliberately adding enough of the renowned Dippel’s animal oil to the modern pure ammonium carbonate to render it sufficiently loud and nasty to satisfy the most fastidious. Can it be the function of any pharma- copoeia to supply popular demand for any drug or medicine, however absurd? Is it not rather the function of all phar- macopoeias to civilize and render rational and scientific the official lists of drugs and preparations, and to posi- tively discourage the use of the barba- rous preparations which owe their pop- ularity mainly or wholly to superstition and ignorance? Is it not time to recog- nize fully the truth that the most popu- lar medicines are largely those least en- titled to respect, including many very bad, or at least absurd, nostrums, and that the common use of such things as ready-made cathartic pills, whether mer- curial or ‘‘vegetable,’’ ‘‘improved’’ or unimproved, ‘‘ Cox’s hive syrup,’’ ‘* par- egoric,’’etc., should not be regarded as a sufficient reason for their introduction or retention in the pharmacopoeia? Let such things be relegated to the unoffi- cial formularies. Other curious examples of the tend- ency to give undue weight to the popu- lar demand for nostrums, the reputation of which is without tangible or intel- ligible foundation in fact, may be found in nearly all pharmacopoeias, and es- pecially in the ‘‘Codex’’ of France. ‘*‘Ammoniated copper’’ found its way into the pharmacopoeias because of its beautiful color (what other reason can be discovered?); but as it was not in popular demand, it was expunged. In our own Pharmacopoeia, however, we still have ‘‘Massa copaibae,’’ which was inserted because it is such a singu- lar compound, and is retained because it was once inserted. +0. Crude camphor is still under good control in London. The speculative holders are tired of the deal started by the late Col. North, but they have to hold on to avoid heavier losses. The North estate is compelled to remain in the syndicate until a favorable oppor- tunity is presented of withdrawing with- out serious result. Every effort will be made to keep up prices. Oa Physical beauty is what all women should strive to attain. Unless the health is gocd a woman becomes peev- ish and irritable. A plain woman with a good figure, well-developed chest, good complexion and happy, contented mind, is more attractive than a beauti- ful woman with neither health nor con- tentment. —__§»9—>—__ This year’s cassia crop has been ex- tremely small, and it is said that the oil will be scarce and of low quality. Castor oil continues to move up the scale, both here and in Europe. CINSENG ROOT Highest price paid by Write us. PECK BROS. e e The Etiquette of Gum Chewing. More properly speaking there are certain rules, not etiquette as some would have it, to be ob- served in abstracting the sweetness and reduc- ing the obstinacy of astick of gum. In the first place one should have an object in view. It is more than probable that chewing gum merely to keep the jaws in operation will not produce any marked benefits. If one is troubled with dis- ordered stomach, however, the right kind of gum will not only correct the trouble, but keep the breath from becoming offensive. There is out one gum made that is really meritorious as a medicinal gum, and that is Farnam’s Celery & Pepsin. Mr. J. F. Farnam of Kalamazoo, Mich., is the most extensive grower of celery in the world, and his knowledge of that toothsome plant has been turned to account in the form of the pure essence of celery which he has incor- porated with pure pepsin into chewing gum. Celery is a splendid nerve remedy and pepsin is equally valuable for stomach disorders. To use this gum regularly after meals there can be no question as to the ultimate recovery from indi- gestion or any other form of stomach trouble. Druggists and dealers generally are finding a ready demand. The trade is supplied by all good jobbers. THE JIM OOO Hand made long Havana filler. OOO© MWOOOOOQOOO® HAMMELL’S LITTLE DRUMMER AND HAMMELL’S CAPITAL CIGARS Send me a trial order. nsbs bas. HAMMELL are made of the best imported stock. QOOOODOOMDOODODQODODOODOOQOOOOOOOOOOOQOOGQOOGQDOGOGQGOOOQOOQOOQOQOQOODOO®© 5 CENT CIGAR. Manufactured by Wh. TECGGE. DETROIT. MICH, ca Se OD AEN HS TIE exits: apices RES ne sibaabibebiiten ai Na RN AG END HS TP ois pean RIES THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WHOLESALE PRICE CURRENT. Advanced-- Balsam Copaiba, Castor Oil, Cardomon Seed. Declined—Balsam Tolu, Oil Anise, Opium, Quinine. Acidum Aceticum............ 8 8@s Benzoicum, German 75@ Boracic............-. @ Carboticum ......... 29 Citricum ...... : HG Hydrochlor ........-. 3@ Nitrocum ....)... <2. 8s@ Oxalicum ........... 10@ Phosphorium, dil... _@ Salicylicum. ........ 45@ Sulphuricum. ...... 14%@ ‘Tannicum .....-.... 1 40@ 1 Partaricum.......... 341G Ammonia Aqua, 16 deg........ 4@, Agua, 20 deg........- 6@ Carbengs...-....<... 12@ Chloridum .........- R@ Aniline Black. 2... 3... 20 2 hone ......-s...... 80@ 1 Rea ....-. Seen yacess 45@, Vo. ..-......... 2 50@ 3 Bacce. Cubese........ po. 18 13@ Jumiperus..-..-..... 6@ Xanthoxylum.. .... BQ Balsamum Copaiba. .....----..- 55 Peri: =... @ 2 Terabin, Canada.... 40@ Polotan.............. 1 O@ t Cortex Abies, Canadian.... ee Cinchona Flava..... Euonymus atropurp Myrica Cerifera, po. Prunus Virgini...... Quiliaia, grd..-.... Sassafras.......-..- +: Ulmus...po. 15, gr’d Extractum Glycyrrhiza Glabra. 2@ Glycyrrhiza, po..... 28a, Hematox,15lb box. u@ Heematox, is ........ 183@ Hematox, 4s....... 14@ Hematox, 48....... 16@ Ferru Carbonate Precip... Citrate and Quinia.. 2 Citrate Soluble...... Ferrocyanidum Sol. Solut. Chloride..... Sulphate, com’l..... Sulphate, com’l, by bbi, per cwt..... ! Sulphate, pure ..... Flora APOICR is Ra Anthems... 2.0... 18@, Matricaria .......... 25@ Folia Bae. ............ 156@ Cassia Acutifol, Tin- nevelly........... 18@ Cassia Acutifol,Alx. 25@ Salvia officinalis, 4s one Va... wi. ne i Ue............. 8@ Gummi Acacia, 1st picked.. @ Acacia, 2d picked.. @ Acacia, 3d picked.. @ Acacia, sifted sorts. @ Acacia. pO... 6... .. 60@ Aloe, Barb. po.0@28 H@ Aloe, Cape ....po. 15 @ Aloe, Socotri..po. 40 @ Aramonisc:........; 55a Assafocetida....po. 30 22¢ Benzoinum ......... 50@, Catechu, ts... @ Catechu, 4s @ Catechu, \4s.. @ Camphors.... .... Gg Euphorbium..po. 35 @ Gamengm.......-... @ 1 Gamboge po........ 65a Guaiacum..... po. 35 @ Kino........po. 84.00 @4 ee .............. @ Myrrh. .: _... po. 45 @ Opii... po. $3.30@3.50 2 25@ 2 BHCISO ce... 401@, Shellac, bleached... 40@ Tragacanth ......... 50@ Herba Absinthium..oz. pkg Eupatorium .oz. pkg Lopelia...... oz. pkg Majorum ....oz. pkg Mentha Pip..oz. pkg Mentha Vir..oz. pkg aee.......... oz. pkg TanacetumV oz. pkg Thymus, V..oz. pkg Magnesia. Calcined Pat... .. @ Carbonate, Pat...... 2@ Carbonate, K.& M.. 20@ Carbonate, Jennings 35@ Oleum Abeinthium......... 3 2@ 3 Amygdale, Dule.... 30@ Amygdalz, Amare . 8 00@ 8 ARAN ic. oil 2 eee Auranti Cortex..... 2 30@ 2 Berea... 2 40@ 2 Cateug. 3... 1... 0@ Caryophylli ......... 53@ Oe ec 35@ Chenopadii.......... 2 Cinnamonii......... 2 @ 2 Citronella. .... .... 40@ 25 Conium Mac.,...... 35@, Cepeina. 9@ Cubenem ............. 1 50@ Exechthitos ........ 12 oo ............ 1 20€ Gaultheria..... .... 1 0@ Geranium, ounce... @ Gossippii,Sem. gal.. 50@ Heaeoma..... ...:.. 1 Or@ dunipera. ........... 1 0@ Eavendula.......... 9@ oo... 1 30@ Mentha Piper...... 1 60@ Mentha Verid....... 2 F@ mOrrhus, gal....... 2 00@ Myrcia, ounce....... @ Cie... Ta Picis Liquida....... 10@ Picis Liquida, gal... @ RiGOa 1a, mosmarini........... @ Rose, ounce........ 6 50@ SUOGi 40@ Bema W@, Pe 2 50@ BassatraAg. 50@ Sinapis, ess., ounce. @ EMEA ee: 1 20@ ABE 40@ Phyme, Opt........: @ Theobromas ........ 15@ Potassium Bi perp... , 15h@ Biehromate ......... 13@ Biovade.......k 48@, Cam Ra Chlorate..po. 17@19e 16@ Cyanide... ||... 50 ledide............... 3 Oa Potassa, Bitart, pure 27@ Potassa, Bitart, com @ Potass Nitras, opt... 8@ Potass Nitras........ 1@ PrUSeiate..-.... .... | 2oah Sulphate po .. . 1hK@ Radix Aconitum ........... 208, Cee 20 MOMs oo. R@ Arar pO... < @ Calamus 20@, Gentiana...... po 15 12@ Glyechrrhiza...pv.15 16@ Hydrastis Canaden . @ Hydrastis Can., po.. @, Hellebore, Alba, po.. Inula po... 7s. mpecac po... .. 1 6@ Iris plox....po35@38 35@ Jaiape pr... ....... 10@ Maranta, gs........ @. Podophyllum, po.... 15@ ee T@ Roc ent............ @ Bnet py........ | foe PPG. ess, 35@, Sanguinaria...po. 15 @ Serpentaria ......... 30@. cs... 40@ Similax,officinalis H @ motes M @ Meili... po.35 §610@ Symplocarpus, Feeti- Gus. BO... @ Valeriana,Eng.po.30 @ Valeriana, German. 15@ rs... LrR@ Zeageper fy 25@ Semen Anisum....... po. 15 @ Apium (graveleons) “ Bird te 4@ Carui..... Cardamotr Coriandrum... Cannabis Sativs Cydonium.........,. T5@, Chenopodium ...... 10@ Dipterix Odorate... 2 90@ Poomievlum ......... @ Foenugreek, po...... 6@ —........ 24@ Lini, grd....bbl.2% 3%@ os ...... ...... 35a, Pharlaris Canarian. 3%@ MONO 6k 44@ Sinapis Albu........ 7@. Sinapis Nigra....... 11@ Spiritus Frumenti, W. D. Co. 2 00@ Frumenti, D. F. R.. 2 0@ Braumend ...... .... 12@ Juniperis Co. 0. T.. 1 65@ Juniperis Co........ 1 H@ Saacharum N. E.... 1 9@ Spt. Vini Galli...... 1 75@ Vii Oporie......... 1 25¢ Vint Aiba...) ol... 12 Sponges Florida sheeps’ wool Carrmace. 25 Nassau sheeps wool CArrmaee 6.5... @ Velvet extra sheeps’ wool, carriage..... Extra yellow sheeps’ wool. carriage.... @ Grass sheeps’ wool, Carriage... : @ Hard, for slate use.. @ Yellow Reef, for Site Use.......... @ Syrups Acacia ...........- : a Auranti Cortes as @ Brnwiber. so... 5) @ Pecee.............. @ Perr fod...... ioe @ Hie: Arom.......... @ Smilax Officinalis... 50@ Co Sn ee @ Mere... .., no @ Dh pa eh ph ed 1 9 WWD Wd aI Ge ~ pa beh pk _ vn DIDI NW WO — yt tend 52 Wa diw SSSSSSSSS Bete Co... |. @ 450 Molusan .-..-..... @ 50 Prunus virg.. _..... @ 50 Tinctures Aconitum Napellis R 60 Aconitum Napellis F 50 MOGs. 60 Aloes and Myrrh... 60 AICS 5... 50 Assafeetida ......... 50 Atrope Belladonna. 60 Auranti Cortex..... 50 Benzo: 60 Benzoin Co....._.... 50 ies ............ 50 Cantharides........ 15 Capsicum ........ 50 Cardamon ........ 75 Cardamon Co.... 5 Canter os... 1 00 Cateehu......... 50 GCimenons. 40... ... 50 Cinehona Co........ 60 Columba... ........ 50 Cabena. 02)... 50 Cassia Acutifol..... 50 Cassia AcutifolCo . 50 Dietialig ........... 50 bo 50 Ferri Chloridum.... 35 Gentian... 50 Gentian Co.......... 60 Guraea 50 Guiacaammon...... 60 Hyoscyamus........ 50 lege 75 Iodine, colorless.... (5) BanO. 50 Eobelia. 50 Wyitn a0 Nux Vomica....._.. 50 Ope (io) Opii, camphorated. 50 Opii, deodorized.... 1 50 QGSSRia 50 Reatany. 50 Mee 5 Sanguinaria . ...... 5 Serpentaria ......... 50 Stromonium........ 60 Porta 60 Valerian 2... 5 Veratrum Veride... 50 ineiber... 20 Tiscellaneous Ether, Spts. Nit.3F 30@ 35 ther, Spts. Nit.4F 34@ 38 Aomen 24@ 3 Alumen, gro’d..po.? 3@ 4 AMOStEO.. 40@ 50 Antimoni, po....... 1@ 5 AntimonietPotassT 55@ 60 ABUDNEIA @ 1 40 Antifebrin . @ bb Argenti Nitras, oz .. @ 5d Arsenicum........., 10@ 12 Balm Gilead Bud .. 38@ 40 Bismuth S.N. ..... 1 00@ 1 10 Caleium Chlor., 1s. @ 28 Calcium Chlor., %s. @ 10 Calcium Chlor., 4s. @ 32 Cantharides, Rus. po @ % Capsici Fructus, af. @ 18 Capsici Fructus, po. @ Capsici FructusB,po @ Caryophyllus..po.15 10@ 12 Carmine, No. 40..... @ 375 Cera Alba,S.&F .. 50@ 5% Cera Playa... |... @ 2 Coecus 2 @ 4 Cassia Fructus...... @ 2% Centraria | @ 10 Cetaeceum ...._... @ 4 Chiocrofone 60@ 63 Chloroform, squibbs @13 Chloral Hyd Crst.... 1 15@ 1 30 Chonarus....0.05.. 20a 2 Cinchonidine,P.& W 20@ 2 Cinchonidine,Germ 1@ 2 Cocaine 5 55@ 5 7 Corks, list, dis. pr.et. 69 Creosotum. @ 3% Creta bbl. %5 @ 2 Creta, prep... @ 5 Creta, precip........ 7@ iu Creta, Rubra...._... a & Crocs d0@ 5 Cudbear 5.0... @ Aa Cupri Saiph......... 5@ 6 Perrine... 10@_ 12 Hther Sulph........ T@ 9 Emery, all numbers @ & Himéry, peo)... @ 6 Rrpota..... |. po.40 30@ 35 Flake White........ R@ 1s Cala @ 2 Gambier (|... 8s@ 9 Gelatin, Cooper... .. @ 60 Gelatin, French..... 31@_ 50 Glassware, flint,box 60, 10&10 Less than box.... 60 Glue, brown.. 9@ Glue, white. 13@ Giveerma..........° Be Grana Paradisi .... @ a. 23, Hydraag Chlor Mite @ Hydraag Chlor Cor. @ Hydraag Ox Rub’m. @ Hydraag Ammoniati @ HydraagUnguentum 45@ Hydrargyrum....... @ Ichthyobolla, Am... 1 25@ 1 oe ............. T@ 1 Iodine, Resubi...... 3 80@ 3 Todoform..........:. @4 Lepobn. .- ..... @2 Lycopodium ........ 60@ MOGI 5@ Liquor Arsen et Hy- drare Jod........:. LiquorPotassA rsinit Magnesia, Sulph.... Magnesia, Sulph,bbl Mannia, S. F...... Menthol... . Morphia,S.P.& W... 1 75@ 2 00 Morphia, S.N.Y.Q.& ES 1 65@ 1 90 Moschus Canton.... @ 40 Myristica, No. 1..... 6@ 80 Nux Vomica...po.20 a Os Sena... 15@ 18 Pepsin Saac, H. & P. Co... @ 1 00 Picis Liq. N.N.% gal. GOs. @ 2 00 Picis Lig., quarts.... @ 1 00 Picis Liq., pints..... @ & Pil Hydrarg...po. 80 @ 50 Piper Nigra... po. 22 @ 18 Piper Alba....po. 35 @ 8 Fic Gurgun........ @ (i Plumbi Acet........ 10@ 12 Pulvis Ipecac et Opii 1 10@ 1 20 Pyrethrum, boxes H. & FP. D. Co., dos... @is Pyrcthrom, pv...... 30@ «33 Qusssi. i... 8@ 10 Quinia, S. P. & W.. 2% 32 Quinia, S.German.. 23@ 28 Coma, O.y......... =a 30 Rubia Tinctorum... 12@ 14 SaccharumLactis py 24@ 26 Sauer... 4... 3 00@ 3 10 Sanguis Draconis... 40@ 50 Sapo, Wo... 12@ 14 ape es 10@ 2 Bape, G@....--..... .. @ & Siedlitz Mixture.... 20 @ 2 —............ @ 18 Sinapis: opt......... @ wD Snuff, Maccaboy, De Co @ & Snuff,Scotch,DeVo’s @ # Boge Horas.......... 7.@ Soda Boras, po...... 7@ wo Soda et Potass Tart. 26@ 28 Soda, Carb.......... 1%@ 2 Soda, Bi-Carb....... 3@ 5 eo. ........... 34@ 4 Soda, Sulphas....... @ 2 Spts. Cologne........ @ 2 6&0 Spts. Ether Co...... 50@ 55 Spts. Myrcia Dom... @ 2 00 Spts. Vini Rect. bbl. @ 2 37 Spts. Vini Rect.4bbl @ 2 42 Spts. Vini Rect.10gal @ 2 45 Spts. Vini Rect. 5gal @ 2 47 Less de gal. cash 10 days. Strychnia, Crystal... 1 40@ 1 45 Spear, Sabi....... 2%@ 3 Sulphur, Holl... . 2@ 2% Tamarinds.........-. x@ 10 Terebenth Venice... 2@ : Theobrome....... . 2a & Wanna... 9 00@16 09 Zinei Sulph......... 7@ 8 Oils BBL. GAL. Whale, winter....... 7 70 Lard, extra... 40 45 Eard, No. t.......... 35 40 Linseed, pure raw.. 32 35 Linseed, boiled..... 34 37 Neatsfoot,winterstr 65 7 Spirits Turpentine... 34 39 Paints BBL. LB. Red Venetian... ... 1% 2 @8 Ochre, yellow Mars. 1% 2 @4 Ochre, yellow Ber.. 1% 2 @3 Putty, commercial.. 214 24%@3 Putty, strictly pure. 2% 2%@3 Vermilion, Prime Amorican.......... 13@ 15 Vermilion, English. 704 % Green, Paris ........ bB Qa 2 Green, Peninsular... 13@ 16 head. tee. |... 5 5% Lead, white........ 544 5% Whiting, white Span @ 3 Whiting, gilders’... @ 9 White, Paris Amer.. @ 100 Whiting, Paris Eng. Cn @1# Universal Prepared. 1 00@ 1 15 Varnishes No. 1 Turp Coach... 1 10@ 1 20 Beers Tore......... 1 60@ 1 70 Coach Body......... 2 7@ 3 00 No. I Turp Furn.... 1@@ 1 i Extra Turk Damar.. 1 55@ 1 60 Jap. Dryer,No.1Turp 70@ 7% Pas ares aaa aa Hazelting & Perkins es Importers and Jobbers of DRUGS Drug C0. i FS as rs ae Salesesesesacsace faction. Patent Medicines Chemicals and Dealers in NTS, OILS AND VARNISHES Send a trial order. Hazeltine & Perkins Drug 60., ee Full line of staple druggists’ sundries. We are sole proprietors of Weatherly’s Michigan Catarrh Remedy. We have in stock and offer a full line of WHISKIES, BRANDIES, GINS, WINES AND RUMS. We sell liquors for medicinal purposes only. We give our personal attention to mail orders and guarantee satis- All orders shipped and invoiced the same day we receive them- Grand Rapids. Sere is meeseses SSAC IC AC NGC CHEN SNC CEC CH Zsa! ee 1 £9 1 SSE THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ROCERY PRICE CURRENT. The prices quoted in this list are for the trade only, in such quantities as are usually purchased by retail They are prepared just before going to press and are an accurate index of the local market. dealers. It is im- possible to give quotations suitable for all conditions of purchase, and those below are given as representing av- erage prices for average conditions of purchase. those who have poor credit. our aim to make this feature of the greatest possible use to dealers. Cash buyers or those of strong credit usually buy closer than Subscribers are earnestly requested to point out any errors or omissions, as it is AXLE GREASE. doz. gross Reena 55 606— 66: 00 Castor Oil. --00 7 00 Diamond...........-..50 5 50 Frazer's .... pe 9 00 IXL es tin boxes 75 9 00 aa. 70 8 00 Paragon.. i oe 6 00 BAKING POWDER. Absolute. nm ip cane doe... 45

Semele 1 10 mipor Favor... 2.0... 4 00 MOLASSES. Blackstrap. Suger house............. - 10@12 Cuba Baking. Crateary... .....2. 2.2... 12@14 Porto Rico. Prime 2 ge 20 Pane 3. 30 New Orleans. Pete 18 Good asics os ees 22 Extra good.. See oe 24 RO1Oe foc 27 NE sere ee ese se 30 Half-barrels 3c extra. PICKLES. Medium. Barrels, 1,200 count........ 3 25 Half bbls, 600 count........ 213 Small. Barrels, 2,400 count........ 4 50 Half bbls, 1,200 count...... 2% PIPES. Clay. No. 216... 1 70 Clay, T. D. fullcount...... 65 a 1 POTASH. 48 cans in case. Bapeses.. oo 4 00 Penna Salt Co.’s........... 3 00 RICE. Domestic. Carolina head... .....:-..... 614 Carouns Ne.t ........... 9 Caroling, No.2... ......... 4% hl Imported. Japan, INOoE...... 2.22.5... 5 Japan, No.2... Se gave, NOt... 4% Java, No. 2. oe Pata ee 4 SALERATUS. Packed 60 lbs. in box. ChE oe 3 3c Paes... 3 15 EE 3 30 meyers... oe 3 00 SAL SODA. Granulated, bbls........ 1” Granulated, 100 lb cases..1 50 Lump, bbls 1 Lump, 145ib kegs.......... 1 10 SEEDS. Bese 8 13 Canary, Smyma........... 6 Caraway 10 Cardamon, Malabar ..... 80 Hemp, Hussian.......... 4 Boxee Bird... os. 4% Mustard, white....... ... 6% epee 2. 8 se 4 Cuttle Bone............... 20 SNUFP. Scotch, in bladders. . oe Maccaboy, on ars... 35 French Rappee, in jars .... 43 SYRUPS. Corn. ATOR 15 Malt bbe... Pure Cane. OT es 16 eee 20 Choice . i oe SPICES. Whole Sifted. AMiswies ...... .. 9% Cassia, China in mats...... 10 Cassia, Batavia in bund... 15 Cassia, Saigon in rolls...... 32 Cloves, Amboyna........... 15 Cloves, Zanzibar... . 22... 10 Mace, Batavia... ..: ...:) 70 Nutmegs, faney........... 65 Nutmegs, No. i Oe ee 60 Nutmegs, No io neu Pepper, Sanaa. ; black... 10 Pepper, Singapore, white. . .20 Pepper, shot. 16 Pure Ground in Bulk. MAISTO: ok 1 15 Cassia, Batavia . we Cassia, Saigon... |. 35 Cloves, Ampoyna....... ...15 Cloves, Zanzibar............ 10 Ginger, African. ........,.. 1b Ginger, Cochin. ..;... ; Ginger, Jamaica..... Mace, Batavia.... ..... 60@65 Mustard, Eng. and Trieste. .20 Mustard, rteste.... iso. 25 Nutmegs, Sewn oe 40@60 Pepper, Singapore, black9@12 Pepper,Singapore, a Pepper, Cayenne........ 17@20 MARS ee 18 : x : sae SE | ' : THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 29 SALT. Diamond Crystal. Cases, 24 3-lb boxes......... 1 60 Barrels, 100 31bbags...... 2% Barrels, 40 7 lbbags...... 2 = Butter, 56 lb bags........... Butter, 20 14 lb bags........ 3 0D Butter, 280 1b bbls.......... 2 50 Common Grades. 1003 Ih seeks..... ..-.....- 2 60 G0 01D SACKS... (.. 2... 1 85 98 11-1 seeks: ..... 22.5 <2... 1 70 Worcester. oo 4 ip. Gartome........... 3 2 115 S36)D. BACKR..:.- -. 2... . 4 00 @ > i. shems............. 3% S14 1p Sack... ...:...- 3 50 2) 10 30: SACKS. ... 2.2... 3 50 26 Ib. linen sacks............ 32 56 lb. linen sacks.......... oe , Bik te barrels. ...-........- 2 50 Warsaw. 56-lb dairy in drill bags..... 30 28-lb dairy in drill bags..... 15 Ashton. 56-lb dairy in iinen sacks... 60 Higgins. 56-lb dairy inlinen sacks . 60 Solar Rock. S64h SQCNS .005........ .... 21 Common Fine. Le a a 60 as ................. & SODA Box eae 5% Reon. ngie| . 434 STARCH. Diamond. 64 10c packages ........... 5 00 I28 5e packages. .-0 00 32 10c and 64 5c packages.. 5 00 —* Corn. 20 1-lb packages. . 05. oe 40 1 lb packages. . : . bi4 Kingsford’s Silver Gloss. 40 t-lb packages. . . 6% Gib Domes -..:..:2.. ..... 7 Common Corn. Sep bares....).......-... & 41> bores... 20. 6s... 58. 4% Common Gloss. l-ib packages .............. 4% Sib packages.............. 2% 6lb packages ............. 54 40 and 50 lb boxes........... 2% BACPOS ce 2% SOAP. Laundry. Gowans & Sons’ Brands. —-.... .... . 3 10 German Family.. 3 i American Grocer "100s... 3 30 American Grocer 60s...... 2 % Mysuc Whise..... ........ 3 80 PAROS Coc 3 90 Ee . 28 oo ee 3 20 Happy Day. . 310 Sim@ie box... 7. | fe... 2 8 5 box lots, delivered. ......2 80 10 box lots. delivered....... 2% Jas. 8S. Kirk & Co.'s —— American Family, wrp’d...3 33 American Family, a 27 Lautz Bros. & Co.’s brands. Ae 2 8 Coctom (.............. ...0 oe... 4 00 Ree... 3 7 Henry Passolt’s brand. Singig pes. ...-..... ....... 2 85 5 box lots, delivered ... ...2 80 10 box lots, delivered....... 2% 2h bay Inte delivered 2 65 Thompson & Chute’s Brand. Single ber. 2. Sc... 3 00 5 box lot, delivered........ 2 95 10 box lot, delivered........2 85 25 box lot, delivered........ 2% Allen B. Wrisley’s brands. Old Country, 80 1-lb. bars...3 00 Good Cheer, 60 1-1b. bars. is Uno, 100 %-1b. bars.......... 2 Doll, 100 10-02. bars ae KEE Scouring. Sapolio. kitehen, 3 doz .....: Sapolio, hand, 3 doz ........¢ SUGAR. 40 Below are given New York prices on sugars, to which the wholesale dealer adds the local freight fr>m New York to your shipping point, giving you credit on the invvice for the amount of freight buyer pays from the market in which he purchases to his shipping point, including 20 pounds for the = the barrel. Cut Loaf. 4 87 Omg 4 75 Cubes ..... 4 50 Fowacwoe .....0 os. 4 50 XXXX Powdered. . . 462 Momo A 4 50 Granulated in bbls.. 4 25 Granulated in bags......... 42 Fine Granulated. . ‘ 4% Extra Fine Granulated.....4 37 Extra Coarse Granulated... .4 37 Diamond Confec, A........4 25 Confec. Standard A......... 42 No, £. ..4 00 No 2... .4 00 No Ss: 4 00 Ne 200 3 94 No. 5.. ..3 oC Re 6s 3 8l WO 4 2. ee so moO § 3... 3 69 aya No. oe NO 3 50 No. 22. 3 44 bs 3 37 No. 14.. 3 i No. 15. so TABLE SAUCES. Lea & Perrin’s, large.....4 75 Lea & Perrin’s, small... .2 75 Halford, fare ... |. 3 7% Halford small. TN Salad Dre ssing, large... ..4 55 Salad Dressing, 3mall..... 2 6 TOBACCOS. Cigars. . Johnson’s brand c........ ... 0 OO i. & P. Drug Co.'s brand. Gumsete. Clark Grocery Co.’s ae New Brick... 35 00 Michigan Spice Co.’s a Absolyte... 0c 35 VINEGAR. eros Cie... Ck... 10 Robinson's Cider, 40 grain.. .10 Robinson’s Cider, 50 grain. ..12 WICKING. No.0, per eross.... 2... 25 No ft pergross......-.._-_.- 30 mo 2, pergrees.............. 40 Mo. ft pereroe.............. ° Fruits. Oranges. Fancy Seedlings Mexieans 140-176-200 @3 75 Jamaicas bbls..... @5 50 Lemons. Strictly choice 360s.. @3 50 Strictly choice 300s.. @4 00 ancy S00s......-... @_ Pancy 3008.......... @5 00 Bananas. A definite price is hard to name, as it varies according to size of bunch and quality of fruit. y Medium bunches...1 25 @I1 50 @2 00 Large bunches...... Lo Foreign Dried Fruits. Figs, Choice Layers lb ee @12 Figs, New Smyrna : Seite. ios ee @il4 Figs, Naturals in 1 Boge... .-.<..---, @5 Dates, "Fards in 101b boxes @it Dates, Fards in 60 1b eee nS. @6 Dates, Persians, G. M. K., 60 1b cases. @5 Dates, Sairs 60 Ib Gadee 22.8. @ Candies. Stick Candy. bbls. pails Statidard..........: 5%@ 7 Standard 0. H...... 54@ 7 Standard Twist..... 6 @7 Cut Boeke. TH@ 8% cases Bytra GH... @ 8% Boston Cream...... @ 8} Mixed Candv. Competition ......... @ 6 a @ 6% beader @7 Conserve... 1... 1... @i oval. bee @7% Tere @ Bronen 2... 7.2)... @ 8 Cut boat... @s Bnglish Rock....... @ 8 Kindergarten....... @ 84 French Cream... .. @9Y Dandy Pan... | @l10 Valley Cream.. .... @i Fancy —In Bulk. Lozenges, plain..... @ 8% Lozenges, printed... @ 84 Choe. Drops Co @i4 Choe. —e @12% Gum Drops.. ' @5 Moss Drops......... @7™% pour Drops... .._. @ 8% Imperials .... @ 8% Fancy— In 5 ‘Ib. Boxes. Lemon Drops.. @50 Sour Drops... ..... @50 Peppermint Drops.. @60 Chocolate Drops. . @§5 Ht. M. Choe. Drops... @i5 Cum Drope......... @35 Licorice Drops. . Qn A. B. Licorice Drops (@50 Lozenges, plain.. @55 Lozenges, printed. @60 Imperials ..... . @60 Mottoes . — @65 Cream Bar.. oe. @50 Molasses Bar ....... @50 Hand Made Creams. 80 @90 Plain Creams. 60 @80 Decorated Creams... @90 Serge Rock... ..... @bo0 Burnt Almonds.....1 25 @ Wintergreen Berries @55 Caramels. No. 1 wrapped, 2 Ib. boxes @30 No. 1 w rapped, 3 Ib. boxes oe. @45 No. 2 w rapped, 2 2 Ib. ‘boxes .. Fresh ‘Meats. Beef. Careass 8... 8... aT Fore quarters......... 4@6 Hind quarters........6 @ 7% Eoms No: 3........... 9 @ir Bie 4 @g MOMS, ot, s4@ 6% oc... ....... Y4@ 5% WiSses @4 Pork. Pressed ...............4 @ 4% Pots @7 Suoulgers, .. 1... @5 eat Pard....:).. 62. @i Mutton. Carcass ..... —-. o @ Spring Lambs.. . 6%4@ 7% : Veal. Careass 54Y@7 Crackers. The N. Y. Biscuit Co. quotes as icine: Butter. Seymour XXX . j * xx 534 Family XXX, 31b carton. 6% Salicd S06 00. 5% Salted XXX, 3 lb carton... 614 Soda. Soda XXX . 614 Soda XXX, 3 1b carton. 6% fos, Ciy............. 7 Zephyrette. . = Long Island Wafers....... il L. I. Wafers, 1 lb carton .. 12 Oyster. Square Oyster, XXX....... 6 Sq. Oys. XXX. 1 Ib carton. 7 Farina Oyster, XXX....... 5% SWEET GOODS—Boxes. Amraiais oe. 3 10% Bent’s Cold Water... _ & Bele Rose. ........-. . © Cocoanut Tairy..........-. 8 @offee Cales..........-.... 8 Prosied Honey............. 11 Graham Crackers ......... 8 — Snaps, XXX round. 7 Ginger Snaps, XXX city. < Gin. Sups,X XX home made 7 Gin. Snps,X XX sealloped.. 7 Ginger Vanilla............ 8 on a ES Jumples, HMoney........... 11 Molasecs Cakes............ 8 Marshmallow .... oe Marshmallow C reams..... 16 Pretzels, hand made ..... 8% Pretzelettes, LittleGerman 6% Sugar Cake................ 8 Moltaees 6. ol Sears kmnen........-.-.... 7% Sears’ Zephyrette.. ..... ..10 Vanilla Seuare........... 8 Vanilla —" a “4 Pecan Wafers.. ; — Fruit Coffee... cia ceage Mixed Picnic. ee ee 10% Cream Jumbles ..........-- Boston Ginger Nuts........ "3 Chimmie Fadden.......... 10 Pineapple Glace ...... 15% Grains and Feedstufis Wheat. Wheat...) 75 Winter Wheat Flour. Local Brands. Palen 4 70 Second Patent............. 4 20 RSS 4 00 Clear 2. 2 0 = ,. 4 00 Buchwheet 4 00 ee. 3 00 Subject to usual cash dis count. Flour in bbls., 25e per bbl. ad- ditional. Worden Grocer Co.'s ——, Quaker, \s.. Gaiters we 420 Ghinwer 6402... 6. 4 20 Spring Wheat Flour. Olney & Judson’s Brand. (COrORQem, 405... 20... 440 Ceresota, 448..... Ts rete, 4G8................- 45 Ball:-Barnhart-Putman’s Brand. Grand Republic, \s........ 4 40 Grand Republic, %4s.. ..... 4 30 Grand Republic, i4s........ 4 2 Worden Grocer Co.’s Brand. Eaurel 348... |... 4 40 Pavel @s................. 4 Ww Bavrel, 45... ........ -.. So Lemon & Wheeler Co.’s Brand. Parsing 48. ............... 4 Parinien, We... a rare ie... 4 25 Meal. BOMOG coo. if Graneere ................ 2 00 Feed and Millstuffs. St. Car Feed. screened ....12 50 No. I Comm and Oats....... 12 00 ING. 2 BeeG@ . a Unbolted Corn Meal.......11 50 Winter Wheat Bran... ... 9 ( Winter Wheat Middlings..10 00 Bercnings................. 8 00 The 0. KE. Brown Mill Co. Se quotes as follows: Corn. Car lots. ...:.. 2 Less than ear lots......... 30 Oats. Car lots. .... ot ae Carlots, clip Se Less than car lots......... 8 Hay. No. 1 Timothycarilots..... 10 00 No. 1 Timothy, tonlots ...11 00 Fish and Oysters Fresh Fish. Per Ib. Woe ........... @ rome 2.2.3... @ 8 Black Bass. . @ 10 Halibut . @ tb Cc iscoes or Herring.. @ 4 a... @ ii Live Lobster....... @ 18 Boiled Lobster...... @ 2 , @ 10 maaceen............ @ & No. 1: Pickerel.... .. @ Pike... aa @ 6 Smoked White...... @ 8 Red Snapper.. @ 13 Col River Salmon.. @ 12% Maekere! .......... @ 20 Oysters in Cans. PP. B. Counts, .... .. @ & F. J. D. Selects. . @ Selects ...... : @ 22 Fd. Standards. ' a = Aneel. @ 19 oataras... ....... @ Oysters in Bulk. ——————o—o i & Extra Selects........ 1 60 Selecta os: 1 40 Anchor Standards... 1 05 Stancgerds........... 95 Cras foe. 1 2 Shell Goods. Ovsters, per 100....... 1 25@1 50 Clams, per '0....... 90@1 00 Bocene ...........-..- @10% XXX W. W.Mich.Hdlt @ 83% WwW W Michigan........ @ 84 High Test ae: @ 74 LS. Gas. oo... @ 9% Deo. Naptha .......... @ 8% oe eS 30 @38 HMugine. ........2-.. 8. 11 @2l1 Black, winees oe @9 _ Provisions. The Grand Rapids Sinden and Provision Co. quotes as fol lows: Barreled Pork. Mess ... oS Back .. a Olean bade aoe mooreGue....-.._......... 8 00 re ee Bean Perny .................. Dry Salt —_— Bellies .._... - 514 ——— i... 54 Extra shorts... 514 Sunes Meats. Hams, 12]b average ...._ Il Hams, 14 lb average Hams, 16 lb average.... Hams, 20 lb average..... i0 Pam Gried beer.......... 10 Shoulders (N. Y. cut). dy Bacon, clear.. i 7 California hams......... 534 Boneless hams........... 4 Cooked ham.. ‘ 10% Lards. i ‘Tierces , Compogud.... 2... |... 434 Poy... 5 Kettle.. eae 6 55 lb Tubs...... advance Lg 80 lb Tubs.......advance 4 S0lD Tins .......advanee 4 20 1b Pails.......advance % 10 Ib Pails.......advance 34 5 Ib Pails. ......advance % 3 Ib Pails.......advance 1 Sausages. BOl0gma (....... 5 a 6 Prambeor 7 PO. 6 Bieee 00. Wem meee checse........... ' 6 Beef. Hevira Mess... ....... 7 00 Bones . 2... 10 00 “teil spas Kits, 15 tbe... _. oo 1 bbls, ome 1 65 ig bbls, i... 3 00 Tripe. Bits, tote... os OS Me bls, Sine... ...... 1 oe 16 Dis, Se ipe...... 2... 2% Casings. Form... 3. 18 Beef rounds............. 5 Beef middles.. Lc. 7 Butterine. Rolls, dairy.. —. Solid, dairy...... ee. Rolls, Creamery ........ Solid, creamery ...... Canned — Corned beef, 2 lb.. .. 200 Corned beef, 15 mp... .14 00 Moass beer, 2 1....... 2 00 Potted ham, ‘“a....... %& Potted ham, “...... 'o Devuedhan, “4....... Deviledham, %%49.......12% Potted tongue 4S sl 75 Potted tongue %s....... 13 Hides and Pelts. Perkins & Hess pay as fol- lows: Hides. Green ............ ... 4%@ 5% Part Gured........ @ 6 Fall Cured..... onmuar’ @i Oe @i Mipe. green... .... .. 14%@ 5g ae eured...........6 @a Calfskins, green......5 @6 CalHskins, cured...... 6%@ 8 Deaconeking ....... 2 G20 elts. o>: 8 @ [2eme8 2.1...) ae ae Old Weodl............ 49 @ 7 Wool. wae i... ......... 10 @13 Unwashed ........ .. & @le Miscellaneous. ' Tallow. Lo. Se aS Grease Butter i. 1 @2 ae os 2 Ginseng. . : 2 Nuts. eid Tarragona. @13 Almonds, Ivaca....... @ Almonds, California, soft shelled. ao @12% Braaiis new. ....<.... @& Filberts ..... a @I10 Walnuts, Naples. @i2 Walnuts, Calif No. ii @il Walnuts, soft shelled Cae @ Table Nuts, fancy.. @l2 Table Nuts, choice @10 Pecans, Small... . . @ 6 Pecans, Ex. Large.... @I10 Pecans, Jumbos...... @li2 Hickory Nuts per bu., Ohio, new. Cocoanuts, full sacks Butternuts per bu.... Black Walnuts per bu Peanuts. Fancy, H. P., Game Coeks.......... @ 4% Haney, H. F., Flags Roeeted.........-..- @ 6% Choice, H. P., Extras. @ 4 Choice, H. P., Extras, Roasted ........ @ 5% Crockery and; Glassware. AKRON STONEW ARE. Butters. % gal, per dos....... 50 1 to 6 gal., per gal.. 5% 8 gal., per gal 644 10 gal., per gal... . 6% 12 gal., per gal.. . 64% 15 gal. meat-tubs, per gal. 8 20 gal. meéat-tubs, per gal.. 8 25 gal. meat-tubs, per val. 10 30 gal. meat-tubs, per gal.. 10 Churns. 2 to 6 gal., per gal -. 5% Churn Dashers, per doz... Milkpans. % gal. flat or rd. bot.,doz. 60 1 gal. latorrd. bot.,each 5% Fine Glazed Milkpans. gal. fat orrd. bot.,doz. & gal. flatorrd. bot.,each 5% Stewpans. et tS 4 gal. fireproof, bail, doz. 85 1 gal. fireproof, bail, doz.1 10 Jugs. Mg wal, per des............. 40 4 eal. perdoz.... ........ 50 Dteo gal, pergal......... 644 Tomato Jugs. Pal. perdae........... Peel, GOnCh 7 ‘ Corks for 44 gal., perdoz.. 20 Corks for 1 gal., per doz.. 30 Preserve Jars and Covers. % gal., stone cover, doz... 7% 1 gal., stone cover, doz...1 00 Sealing Wax. 5 lbs. in package, per Ib.. 2 LAMP BURNERS. moO. 0 Se. 2 NO Pen 50 PO, NE 7d MOV 50 Necurity, NG. fF... ....... 65 pecuiny, NG 2... | Races ........ 50 PO 1 15 LAMP CHIMNEYS—Common. Per box of 6 ~ Mo. Goan... 7D mo foam. i 838 No. 2 Sun. - oo First ‘Quality. No. © Sun, crimp top, wrapped and labeled.... 2 10 No. 1 Sun, crimp top, wrapped and labeled... 2 25 No. 2 San, crimp top, wrapped and labeled.... 3 25 XXX Flint. No. @ Sun, Grimp top, wrapped and tab. 2 55 NO. 1 Sun, crim top, Ww rapped and labeled. .. 2 7% No. 2 Sun, erimp top, wrapped and labeled.... 3 75 CHIMNEYS—Pearl Top. No.1 Sun, wrapped er ae No. 2 Sun, labeled No. 2 Hinge, wrapped and ae No. 23 Sun, “Small Bulb,” for Globe Lamps......... La Bastie. No. 1 Sun. plain bulb, per ES 25 No. 2 Sun, or bulb, - oon .... “ 15 No.1 C rimp, per oe 1% No. 2 Crimp, perdos.. .... 1 @ Rochester. No. 1, Lime (6c dos)...... 3 50 No. 2, Lime (70e doz).. .. 400 No. 2, Flint (@0c doz)... ... 47 Electric. No. 2, Lime (Ue doe) ..... 4 00 No. 2, Flint (80c doz)...... 4 40 OIL CANS. Doz. 1 gal tin cans with spout.. 1 60 1 gal galv iron with spout. 1 75 2 gal galv iron with spout. 3 00 3 gal galv iron with spout. 4 Ov 5 gal galv iron with spout. 5 00 5 gal galv iron with faucet 6 00 SG eal Tilting CAnms.......... 9 00 5 gal galv iron Nacefus ... 9 90 Pump Cans, 5 gal Rapid steady stream. 9 00 5 gal Eureka non-overflow 10 50 3 ae Home iule.... ..... 50 Smal Home Hale.... ...... 12 00 5 gal Pirate King.. ew aas 9 50 —— No. 0Tubular..... . = No. 1B Fubar. ...... 6 50 No. 13 Tubular Dash. . 62 No. 1 Tub., giassfount.... 7 0 No. 12 Tubular, side lamp. 14 00 No. 3Street Lamp ...... 3% LANTERN GLOBES. No. 0 Tubular, cases 1 doz. 1 each, box 10 cents. ....... 45 5 | No. 0 Tubular, cases 2 doz. | eaeh, box Ipcenty........ 45 | No.0 Tubular, bbIs 5 doz. | esel, DBE a...) 0.01... 40 | No.0 Tubular, bull’s eye, cases 1 doz. each.... 1 25 LAMP _— | No. O per grose. 6. ..... 20 | No. 1 Or MTORR... ... 4... 25 Wo. 2 per eregs.... . 1... 38 No. 3 per grosd...... Lovee, oe Mammoth per doz......... 70 | A 4 i 4 4 30 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GOTHAM GOSSIP. News from the Metropolis---Index to the Market. Special Correspondence. New York, Oct. 31—Flag day. Al- most a close holiday. The final display in a never-to-be-forgotten campaign. The strain has become almost unbear- able and if the prayers of the righteous avail anything at all, they will be tothe effect that such a campaign will not oc- cur again for another century. We can stand tariff and, in fact, most every- thing except this question. The jobbing grocery business has been pretty good all along for the past month and, if it is not up to the record this week, it is because of the absence from town of many out-of-town dealers who are home to vote, and the tight money market which on Thursday sent rates up at one time to Ioo per cent. The busiest people on earth to-day are the dealers in bunting and flags. Cords and cords can be seen leaving the stores and it is sate to say that one-half of the orders will remain unfilled. Coffee has shown scarcely any change and fluctuations have been of small fractional character on any sort. The tone is firmer and 1o%c seems to bea fair quotation for Rio No. 7. The amount afloat aggregates 670, 106 bags; last year, same time, 531,580. Mild sorts of coffee are well held and, although the trading in an invoice way has not amounted to much, there has been a steady inquiry frem jobbers and a strong tone charac- terizes the general market. Wednesday was a red-letter day in the sugar market for raw sugars and the parties interested were as busy as bees. Large transactions ensued and the price was whittled down. Next day was quieter, but the market is strong at 34c for 96 deg. centrifuga). Refined has been in active movement and the re- fineries are a week behind in filling or- ders on some lines. The country seems to be in need of immediate large sup- plies and the outlook is for a great rush after election. The ‘‘spirit of improvement’’ seems to be actually hovering over the tea market, which has so long been inert. There was actually an advance in quo- tations, and on what seemed to be a sub- stantial basis. Some said the advance would have been still greater had not the money market been so tight. As it is, dealers are hopeful, and as time goes on they think they will ‘‘have something interesting to report.’’ China and Japan both are reported as_ cabling a very strong feeling. Rice dealers are happy and making money. The market is very firm, both for domestic and foreign sorts. The supply is not much ahead of actual de- mands and, with firm reports all around, the future is one full of ‘‘sweetness and light’’ for those who would sell rice. Those who want to buy take it without grumbling and, altogether, the ‘‘boys’’ are contented. Prime to choice domes- tic, 434 @5 lsc. While only an average business has been done during the week, the tone of the spice market is firmer than pre- viously reported and advices from abroad have tended toward an advance in quotations. The appreciation has not actually begun, but dealers are con- fident that within a fortnight we shall have a rising market on some lines, Orders are small from out of town, just enough to worry along with, but they have been so numerous that the aggre- gate of trade has been quite satisfactory. The molasses market is hardly as sat- isfactory as might be expected. Re- ports are conflicting and it appears to be difficult to get at the truth. The re- ceipts have been rather freer than last week, and, upon the whole, the situation is a waiting one—waiting, that is, until after the battle. Business in syrups has been limited in character and very little enthusiasm is manifested for this sort of sweetness. Choice to fancy sugar syrups may be fairly quoted at 17@22c. California raisins are higher. The advance seems to have a substantial basis, but it has not excited buyers to the extent of making any rush to ‘‘get out of the wet.’’ Reports are coming to hand of short weight boxes, the defi- ciency amounting in some Cases to as much as 3 pounds. California musn’t do this sort of business. She has been complaining of Baltimore using fraud- ulent labels; but it is asin to label 22 pounds 25. (Blackstone, Book V, Chap. 2.) Foreign fruits show about the usual volume of business and at steady prices. Some few transactions have been made of quite a large amount; but, as a rule, dealers are watching for the turn of the tide. Do- mestic evaporated apples are seemingly in sufficient supply to prevent any im- portant advance and the market is quiet. In canned goods, tomatoes, which were seeking buyers at 50c a short time ago, are now sought after at 7oc and the jovial love apple is making friends in all directions—that is, if its friends have some to sell. If business grows better after election,and the purchasing power of the people increases as we have a right to expect, we may look for 80 or goc tomatoes. The general line is doing fairly well, but there is room for improvement. New York State corn has sold for 80c for extra grades in car- load lots. There is a steady volume of trade in salmon and the future seems encouraging. Butter is quiet. The demand has not been remarkably active and the very best Western creamery has sold at about 20¢. The tone of the cheese trade is rather firmer and, as exporters are showing a lit- tle interest, the general tendency 1s_to- wards a hardening of values. Full cream colored is worth toc. Eggs are firm, with best Western at I9@2oc. Receipts are moderate and yet seem to be about large enough to meet requirements. For lemons, oranges, bananas, pine- apples and that class of foreign goods there is an average business doing, with very little change in prices. Lem- ons are a trifle higher but oranges are lower. The holiday demand will very soon act asa ‘‘discourager of hesitancy’’ among those who wish to make pur- chases. And so, with flags to the right of them and flags to the left of them, with flags everywhere, the grocers of New York are waiting for Tuesday’s conflict. May the best cause win! God save the re- public! The Tribune has an interesting articie on the situation of the retail grocers of this city. Its representative visited many grocers and they were in no very amiable frame of mind. The reporter also interviewed F. N. Barrett, editor of the American Grocer, whose remarks may be of interest here: ‘*The grocery trade has suffered great- ly. Of course, people must eat in hard times as well as good, but they satisfy themselves with cheaper goods when money is scarce and leave off delicacies. And the margin of profit on cheap goods is very small. All the great staples are very cheap now. Butter has been low all summer and fall; lard the lowest on record; flour is low; everything, indeed, except coffee, has gone down. Coffee has gone down four or five cents in the primary market, but the consumers have not got the benefit of it yet. They will, however, as the new coffee-growing dis- tricts throw their product into the mar- ket. ‘* There are ten or twelve thousand gro- cers in New York and Brooklyn, largely Germans, a hard-working, economical set of people, who do not mind toiling sixteen or eighteen hours a day, if need be, living on what they can't sell and sleeping under the counter, if necessary, and those willing to fight in that way for an existence are bound to survive, even to make mnoey, and that in dull times. A store doing a small business will be difficult to keep going on such profits as the trade yields now. One man I know of, who runs several stores, made an average of $1,500 in each of them last year, and to gain that had to do a business of about $20,000 in each. But that amount is beyond the wildest dreams of many. The profits of a small grocer, in a neighborhood where com- petition is sharp, as it is everywhere, cannot be figured above 20 per cent. Allerton & Haggstrom, 127 Louis St., Grand Rapids. ONLY EXCLUSIVELY WHOLESALE OYSTER HOUSE IN GRAND RAPIDS. PROMPT ATTENTION TO MAIL OR WIRE ORDERS. OYSTERS RECEIVED DAILY DIRECT FROM BALTIMORE. Fruits, Vegetables, Produce, Poultry and Game. MAYNARD & COON, y; APPLES in oes eRe Tas APPLES APPLES —~—=Big “F” Brand Oysters==— Telephone 1348. 54 S. Ionia St. Grand Rapids. H. M. BLIVEN, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL FISH, POULTRY AND GAME. OYSTERS Sole agents for Farren’s ‘‘F’’ brand oysters. CANAL STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH HOROROROROROROHOROROROHOROROROCROHOROHOHOCHOHOOCHOHEE DOOOOOO®©® HODOOOCDOOOODOOOODQOGOQQOOOGOO ANCHOR BRAND OYSTERS Prompt attention given telegraph and mail orders. See quotations in price current. ot J. DETTENTHALER, Grand Rapids, Mich. COOOODOQOOOQOODOQOGQOOQQOOQOODS DOGSVEGPOS’*E POQOOOQQDOGQOOQOQOO® @) DOOQOGOOOOOOOOQOOOS © CQODHOOOOOOS © PGOHOQOQOOOQOOGDOO® Peuwrvuvuvuvrwvevvvevvevevr—veUrCUrCUVUUVUVUVUWCVUVVUUVVUVUVUVUVUUUVUVUVUUV VU VV) GUVUGOOETOCCOSCCCCCCCCCOCCCCOOTC CCT FFF FS OO OGG SURELY ELECTED STILES & PHILLIPS, of Grand Rapids, Are the choice of Michigan SWEET POTATOES Merchants when ordering.... CRANBERRIES, GRAPES, SPANISH ONIONS, ORANGES, ETC. rw~wwweeweeewewvewvwereewvrwvevrevvvvvvvvvvevvvvvvrevvvvvvvvvvv vy" wvvvuvuvvevwvevvevevwvvwvevevuvevvwrvevevvevuwvevvevvuweveVveVv Vv Ve weVveVveVe Vee Vee eV IN the Paradé... —coxcoro’ GONGORD GRAPES Sweet Potatoes, Lemons, Oranges, Cape Cod Cranberries, Spanish Onions. Fresh arrivals in Carlots. BUNTING & CO.., 20 & 22 OTTAWA STREET. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. The Oyster season 1s Here Are you ready for it? Not unless you have one of our Oyster Cabinets. Will pay for itself several times in a single sea- son. They are neat, durable, economical and cheap. No dealer who handles oysters can afford to be without one. Made in sizes from 8 to 40 quarts. Write for in- formation. Chocolate Cooler Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. + ba bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn br hn PUG OEEUWOECTOCOCUWS rwvevvvvvvvvvvwvw. GFVUVUVUVUVUUVUUOUUYV Remar gross and say 8 to Io per cent. net; while the more aristocratic one, who does business on a broader scale and in more stylish ways, in dealing witha large family trade, though his gross profits may reach as high as 25 or even 30 per cent., will not net more than to or 12 per cent. ‘‘The department stores are a greatly disturbing factor, not so much in the volume of business they take away from the regular trade as in the effect they have upon prices. They cut the prices upon lines of goods upon which the grocer has always before depended for his profit. He may have sold flour, butter and other things at even less than cost, but maGe it up on his shelf goods. But the department stores have de- stroyed that margin. The suburban grocers have been most hurt by that. Customers coming to town for dry goods, finding can and bottle and_ carton goods at such low figures, have loaded themselves with them and bought from their local grocers only such bulky, crude, inconvenient and low-priced stuff as left him no margin to live upon. The department stores have also hurt the trade by their practice of giving credits to responsible parties, and so making a stronger competition than they could on a cash basis. ‘*There is a class of grocers who do business in the narrowest possible way, sending home no goods, seliing only on a cash basis, using only the cheapest wrapping paper-—and offering goods to match it—and they cut prices in an _al- most criminal way. Most of the **bar- gains’’ they offer are such only in ap- pearance. Many of them make up what they call ‘ combination’’ sales, offering a long list of things for a dollar, some of them below cost and others—general- ly tea—at an extravagant advance upon the real value. In that way they con- trive a profit and at the sarme time get an undeserved reputation for selling things cheaply. But they are not likely to last. The grocery business is, perhaps more than any other, dependent for suc- cess or failure upon the individuality of the man engaged in it, even more than his business methods. If he wins the confidence of customers by keeping only good things, selling them at reasonable prices, being obliging and prompt in his deliveries and is reasonably careful about giving credits. he will command and hold patronage. And you will not tind him doing much grumbling about the hard times. He hasn’t leisure for it.”’ In one of the large department stores up town is a pale faced, red-headed child with a pair of heavy spectacles that impart a solemn look to her delicate face. She stands all day in front of a counter hung with gayly colored rib- bons, and it is her particular duty to take ribbons out from the electric light of the shop to the street door and de- cide there whether or not they are exact- ly the same shade. The shop girls have learned that her judgment is to be relied upon, and it was the accidental discovery of her exactness in estimating colors that gained for her the novel place she occupies at present. All day she is kept running backward and _for- ward between the ribbons and the door, deciding whether ribbon is cream or white and the complicated questions as to tints and shades. She is an_im- portant personage in her way, consider- ably more exalted in position than the young cash girls of her own age. Her duties are really important, and out of the yards of ribbon that are daily sold over the counter every sale which de- pends on a question of matching is de- cided by her. One of the largest and finest banking offices in the world is to be erected by William Waldorf Astor, on a site bounded by Broadway, Exchange place and New street, in the very heart of Wall Street. The erection of the build- ing is to be begun May 1. It is to cost from $3,000,000 to $4,000,000. The ex- cavations alone will make an expense of $150,000. The details are not yet public property, but the plans are well under way, the contract has been let, and the tenants occupying offices in the structures to be torn down have been notified. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Improvement of Eggs Must Come from Primary Markets. From the New York Produce Review. During the fall and winter season, when fresh production falls off and our markets are filled with eggs of all stages of freshness, the actual value of the different qualities takes a wide range. Thus, when prime refrigerator eggs are selling at 15'%@t6c, strictly newlaid eggs from nearby egg farmers are likely to command 21@22c or more, and the current arrivals of fresh collections, be- ing all more or less mixed with held and defective eggs, seil at all sorts of prices between, according to the pro- portion of the various qualities con- tained. The old eggs which come mixed with the fresh are, as a rule, of a qual- ity inferior to those held in refrigera- tors. To properly meet the demand of the market there should really be only two kinds of eggs—-fresh laid and refrigera- tor held. It is the country held stock (held outside of cold storage) which makes most of the trouble. So long as the classes of trade which buy eggs from producers pay a uniform price for stock without regard to its quality, there can be little hope of ad- vancement. If they would pay full value for new eggs, giving preference in price also to size and cleanness, and allow held eggs only what they are in- trinsically worth when sold by them- selves, farmers would soon find it un- profitable to hold stock back. Not only that, but they would soon perceive the profitableness of improving their breeds of poultry and giving them the care and attention which their importance as revenue producers justifies, and of mar- keting their eggs when new laid. Our merchants in distributing mar- kets have also an important part to per- form in this reform of egg handling. They must see that the same action which, on the part of collectors, would result in a vast improvement of methods among producers would, if adopted by them, stimulate and encourage the col- lectors to take such action, It is abso- lutely essential, if the reform is ever to be accomplished, that shippers who take the proper stand shall receive the full benefit of their change of method. To this end we again strongly urge the establishment of egg grading by our Produce Exchange on a basis of what should be, rather than on the present basis of qualities. Let us have a higher grade of eggs—a grade whose quality shall be as perfect as is possible to make—where shippers themselves adopt the plan of close discrimination in their purchases. If we had such a grade recognized and quoted daily, we venture to say it would not be long before we should find stock coming which would ‘*fill the bill.”’ The fact that such a grade would not represent the value of stock now gener- ally arriving should be no bar to its es- tablishment. Let us have the high mark to shoot at; the various mixtures can be just as well sold, quoted and re- turned for at their real value. —__—__»0»—___ The Happy Medium. Merchants who have found the happy medium between the old slipshod meth- ods of store management and the cast- iron rules which are framed by some modern merchants for the control of their help are the ones who will obtain best service from their clerks. Of the two extremes one is about as bad as the other. No store could now be permanently successfully operated under the slack discipline of fifteen or twenty years ago. On the other hand, while a store with severe and stringent rules may succeed, it will never attain the full measure of success which would be accorded to it if the entire force of clerks were each well contented and striving with all their might to keep the business at the front. It is difficult to control a large force of clerks such as is required in city stores without strict rules, but in the smaller cities and towns the spirit rather than the letter of the law should be enough to keep the clerks in line. In stores where the employer comes in close touch with the clerks a written code of rules is hardly necessary, and to supply it grates on the American spirit of the clerks and makes them ill- willed and rebellious. If they are the right kind of clerks they will work for your interest without any of the regula- tions which are deemed necessary to safeguard the interest of the city mer- chant. ee i The People’s Choice. When ordering oysters from Allerton & Haggstrom, you may pay atrifle more than some other houses charge you, but you always get full measure of solid meats. Comparison will convince you. a ee : Thirteen postal cards delivered at one time to the Chief of Police of Kansas City, Kan., were found to be the first part of a letter, the balance of which, on twelve more cards, came to him in the next mail, written by some woman 31 ‘‘It ought to be the easiest thing in the world to get rich nowadays,’’ said Mr. Harley, as he read the advertise- ments in the newspapers; ‘‘ you can buy so many things that are worth eight dollars for three dollars and twenty-nine cents. I wish I had a million to invest in shirt-waists and galvanized Saratoga trunks, ’’ | —_ a Satisfied customers are good advertis- ers. Such are the customers who use Robinson Cider Vinegar, manufactured at Bentor Harbor, Mich. You can buy Robinson’s Cider Vinegar from the I. M. Clark Grocery Co., Grand Rapids. OATS HAY Good market in Detroit. Write Fd. RORRLG, dr. who thought she was being imposed FEED 693 Mack Ave. upon, Freee reese eee eee OSS eo ere e e @ e Sd S e > > e @ Weare in the market daily for Beans, carlots or less. Send large sample with quantity ° $ and best price f. o. b. or delivered Grand Rapids. 3 e Sd ® . ° on } $3 26-25-30-32 OTTAWA ST., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 3 OO 00000000 000000000000000000000000 00000000 0000000 MSL AINS™ No Politics... We handle as many as all other For Freshness and Prices you should try us. Cranberries, Grapes, Spanish Onions. STILES & PHILLIPS, Wholesalers of all Fruits, Grand Rapids. Our Hobby is Sweet Potatoes Grand Rapids dealers together. HENRY J. VINKEMULDER, © Telephone 1091. HOODQDODOOOOOOQQODOOOOODOOGQGQOOOE GQCOQOQOQQOOOQOOOQOOOO® HOODDOOODOOQOOOPPQOGQPQOOGOOOOOSO® APPLES, ONIONS © © © 3 © CABBAGE, ETC., in car lots or less. S QUINCES, SWEET APPLES, GREEN PEPPERS, GRAPES. © @ Correspondence with me will save you money. DOOQQOOOOQDQOOOQOOOOOSOQQOOOOO GRAND RAPIDS. HEN FRUIT Is always seasonable. the R. HIRT, Write me a 9 Eggs “just laid” get very highest market price with me. JR., Market St., Detroit. BARNETT BROS., Will make 159 South Water St., CHICAGO, 2 a specialty in handling Fruits of all kinds, and —=«APPLES=— Those having large orchards will in particular. L will be cheerfully furnished. COMMISSION Deposits at principal points. M. R. ALDEN do well to correspond with them. Information Stencils furnished on applination. (ll FF EXCLUSIVELY 98 S. DIVISION ST., GRAND RAPIDS. THE EGG KING OF MICHIGAN IS F. W . BROWN, OF ITHACA. ht 5 al lila S lias slit dink no ene mB Rm em a 32 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN —— RECONQUEST OF THE SOUDAN. Since the capture of Dongola ‘by the British-Egyptian expeditionary force, operations have apparently come toa standstill in the Soudan. Every prepa- ration has been made to protect the new frontier of Egypt, with some of the towns beyond Dongola as advance posts ; but it is understood that, for the present at least, no further advance is to be at- tempted. This inactivity on the part of the British government caused no little sur- prise, and some of the continental critics were quick to conclude that the reason why the British did not advance further was a fear of the opposition which would have to be encountered from the European powers. Evidently these criticisms and sneers have provoked an announcement of a semi-official character to the effect that the reason why a further advance was not at once attempted was entirely finan- cial. it 1s further stated that the Egyptian army is to be increased to 15,000 men, and that supplies are to be concentrated at Dongola during the winter, so that an advance can be made upon Berber and Khartoum early in March next. No one who has studied British meth- ods can for a moment believe that the reconquest of the Soudan is to stop at Dongola, or that it is to stop at all un- til all the former Egyptian provinces have been recovered, and the British lines pushed southward until they reach the present British possessions in Cen- tral Africa. France does not regard the outlook in the Soudan with favor, and is sounding Russia, with a view to placing as many obstacles as possible in the path of the British advance. It is announced that France and Russia will oppose the pro- posed increase in the strength of the Egyptian army, and it is also reported that France has offered certain impor- tant commercial concessions to Germany on condition that Germany join her in effecting a settlement of the Egyptian question. These evidences of dissatisfaction on the part of France are met by a demand from the British press, or at least a sec- tion of it, that the government at once end the matter by regularly annexing Egypt. The Egyptian question is cer- tainly assuming a very dangerous phase. INCREASING THE ARMY. In his annual report, Secretary of War Lamont renews the recommendations of last year as to an increase in the numer- ical strength of the army. Last year such an increase was recommended ; but Congress, while appropriating largely for coast defenses, ignored en- tirely the request for an increase in the army. In fact, Congress has shown a studied indifference to the proposal to increase the army, which should con- vince the War Department that there is a decided popular opposition to a larger standing army than that now main- tained. The recommendations this year in- clude an addition of two foot batteries to every regiment of artillery, and two companies to every regiment of infantry. This increase would enable the army to be organized on the three-battalion sys- tem, each regiment to consist of twelve companies, divided into three battalions of four companies each. Under the present organization it is not possible to maintain the three battalion system, as the number of companies in each regi- ment is not sufficient and there isa scarcity of officers. No change is proposed in the numer- ical strength of the cavalry, as the ces- sation of Indian outbreaks renders the present force sufficient for all purposes. The additional officers needed to com- mand the new companies and battalions would be fifteen majors, 140 captains and fifteen lieutenants, and the number of enlisted men that would have to be added to the present strength would be 3,590. These additions would involve an additional expense of $1,400,000 per annum. Opponents of an increase in the strength of the army hold that the three- battalion organization could be secured by reducing the number of regiments and redistributing the companies so as to allow the remaining regiments twelve companies each. Still another sugges- tion is that the third battalion of each regiment be merely a skeleton battalion, commanded by such officers as are ab. sent from the regiment upon special duty, and which would be recruited only in time of war. In the event that Con- gress should refuse the proposed in- crease, as is probable enough, both these suggestions are worth attention. There is no doubt but that public sen- timent is adverse to an increase in the size of the standing army in time of peace. It is recognized that a small standing army, with a rather fuli corps of officers, is necessary; but the people believe that a large army would bea menace to popular liberties. The ne- cessity for a strong fleet is admitted, owing to the danger from foreign at- tack; but the need of a large army is not so apparent. There is a general disposition to de- pend upon the militia force of the country to supplement the army, in the event of a sudden need for a larger force of troops than is at the disposal of the general Government. It would, therefore, appear to be a wiser plan for the War Department to lay no stress upon an increase in the size of the reg- ular army, but to endeavor to secure greater efficiency from the militia. An effort to procure from Congress better arms for equipping the National Guard, and a more liberal appropriation for military stores for their use, would be much more apt to meet with success than a request for an increase in the size of the army. VENEZUELAN CONTROVERSY. Although the Venezuelan question has apparently been lost sight of in this country, owing to the political excite- ment attending the presidential canvass, it still attracts attention in Great Brit- ain. Our British cousins are apparent- ly seriously concerned at the long delay in reaching a settlement of the matter, and express keen anxiety to see a settle- ment reached at the earliest possible moment. While, however, the British press de- vote much space to the subject, and give it a prominent place in their ad- dresses, the British government main- tains a discreet silence. It is admitted that the British Ambassador at Wash- ington has received fresh instructions as to the course he is to pursue in furthering the negotiations; but, aside from that, Lord Salisbury has made no disclosures. It has not been admitted that the British government is any more willing now than heretofore to submit the whole subject to arbitration, which is the demand that Venezuela makes. One of the latest London reports is to the effect that Great Britain is about to propose to the Government at Washing- tcn that the matter be submitted to an arbitration commission similar to that which settled the Behring Sea contro- versy. The difficulty in the way of such an arrangement is the limitations to be placed upon the claims to be arbitrated. Great Britain strongly objects to in- cluding in the arbitration any of the disputed territory in which there are al- ready British settlers, while Venezuela is equally determined that the entire disputed strip shall be included in any arbitration proceedings which may be held. The problem is a serious one, and must be settled sooner or later. It is hoped that some settlement may be reached before Mr. Cleveland retires from office, as a mistake made by a new administration might very readily pre- cipitate most serious consequences. THE NEW RAILWAY POOL. The latest organization for the gov- erning of railway traffic is one recently perfected in Chicago for the control of the great grain-carrying lines coming into that city from the West. The rate cutting in that territory, under the sup- ervision of the old Western Traffic As- sociation, was a_ serious matter during the summer and until the increasing prices of grain lessened the temptation to cut and made it possible to perfect a stronger organization. The new board is composed of five members, represent- ing the interests of Chicago, St. Paul, Omaha, St. Louis and Kansas City, and its sessions are to be held daily in Chi- cago. It will be the duty of this board to fix all rates and to divide and assign the tonnage, as far as possible in sub- jection to the existing laws on that sub- ject. There is also to be an executive board, composed of the Presidents of the various railroads, or their represen- tatives, to which matters may be sub- mitted when the governing board fails to agree. On questions of traffic and division of tonnage action must be by unanimous vote; on other matters four- fifths decide. This movement is of significance in that it goes much farther than the old organization in that it takes the rate making power out of the hands of the general managers and invests it ina central board, whose action will, of course, be for the best interests of all the roads, instead of each individual one. Thus it is substantially a general pool, as far as there may be such an ar- rangement under the anti-trust laws. Japan Tea Shortage. A tea merchant writes objecting to the widely-quoted statement to the effect that there need be no apprehension of a shortage of tea on account of the deficiency in Japan, because the sup- plies from Ceylon and -India are un- usually fine and large. He says that the India teas cannot take the place of Congous, Foochows and Amoys, the crops of all of which have fallen off about 25 per cent. The present prices of teas from China and Japan, he says, are lower than they have been for sev- eral years. — so Bit by bit the immensely valuable real estate in Denver once owned by Senator Tabor has passed out of his possession, until now the only property standing in his name consists of sixteen lots surrounding the family homestead. This, too, will go to creditors under a foreclosure. There are two mortgages on it, amounting, with interest, to $35,- ooo, and the house and Iand will hardly realize that amount. Not long ago Sen- ator Tabor was ranked among Colo- rado’s richest men, but misfortunes of various kinds have left him practically penniless, A statement issued by the Agricul- tural Department shows that the total commerce of the United States, includ- ing imports and exports, for the ten years ending June 30 last, was $16,013, - 205,388, or a yearly average of more than $1,600,000,000. Compared with the annual average of this ten-year period, the statement says the figures for 1896 show an upward tendency not quite so marked as the gain over 1895, but suffi- cient to warrant the hope, that unless some new disturbing factor arises, the commercial depression of 1894-95 isa thing of the past, and our commerce, the measure of general prosperity, will soon resume its former dimensions. +> 2. The first cargo of Hawaiian sugar ever landed in Boston arrived there the other day. The cargo consisted of 48,- 315 sacks. WANTS COLUMN. Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the first insertion and one cent a word for each subsequent in- sertion. No advertisements taken for less than 25 cents. Advance payment. BUSINESS CHANCES. POR SALE—$,000 STOCK OF CLOTHING, hats, caps and furnishings—only clothing stock in one of the best towns of 2,2°0 inhabitants in Southern Michigan. Sales are strictly cash. Reason for selling, other business. Address No. 130, care Michigan Tradesman, for full par- ticulars. 13) ANTED—A FEW HUNDRED CORDS OF first-class, thoroughly seasoned 16-ineh beech and maple wood, in exchange for flour, feed, meal, grain, hay or anything else in our line. State price f. o b. your station Thos. E. Wykes & CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. 129 aye TRADE A FINE FARM OF 160 ACRES of good heavy land, g..od buildings, orchard, horses, cows, large crops of ali kinds and farm- ing tools, all free and clear of mortgage, to trade for a stock of goods, value $6,500. If you mean business, address No. 123, care Michigan Trades- man. 128 OR SALE—WELL-SELECTED STOCK OF groceries, with fine cash trade, established in the best city in Michigan. Will accept small cash payment down and the purchaser’s own time tor the balance, with approved security. Address J. L., care Carrier No. 27, Grand —— 12 ANTED—STOCK GENERAL MERCHAN- dise for cash and real estate. Prefer lo- cation near Grand Rapids. Address C, care Michigan Tradesman. 124 goods in Cadillac. Best location in the city to rent. Possession by December 1. Address immediately Lock Box 188, Cadillac, Mich. 15 YOR SALE— BABY SIEGLE & COUPER stock. We sell most everything; good busi- ness; rent, $20 per month; Size of store, 27 x 100; two floors; main part of city; stock new; sick- ness, reason for selling. Address J. Clark, care Michigan Tradesman. 119 LTO AFFORDS AN EXCELLENT OPEN- ing for a grain buyer who has sufficient capital to erect and conduct an elevator; also a hardware dealer who is able to carry a stock of $1,500 to $2,500. The town is surrounded by well to-do farmers and is tributary to an excellent trade. Address No. 118, care Michigan Trades- man. 118 OR SALE—DRUG STOCK AND FIXTURES with double soda fountain. Doing good business in good city. Good reasons for selling. Address No. 120, care Michigan Tradesman. - 120 POR SALE—IMPRUVED 8 ACKE FARM IN Oceana county; or would exchange for merchandise. Address 380 Jefferson Ayenue, Muskegon. 110 POR SALE—STOCK OF 'TINWARE, INCLUD ing tools and patterns. Excellent location for good workman. Rent low. Keason for sell- ing, other business. Noggle & Gordon, Hopkins Station, Mich. 107 VOR EXCHANGE—TWO FINE IMPROVED farms for stock of merchandise; splendid location. Address No. 73, care Michigan Trades- man. 73 MISCELLANEOUS. ANTED—POSITION BY DRUGGIST. EX- _ perienced in both wholesale and retail business. Can fu:nish best references. R. F. Graves, 297 Clancy street, Grand Rapids. 127 ANTED — REGISTERED PHARMACIST (single man preferred). Wages nominal. Address No. 122, care Michigan Tradesman. 122 ANTED— POSITION BY REGISTERED pharmacist of fifteen years’ practical ex- perience; best of references. Address Lock Box 24, Newaygo, Mich. 117 ANTED:-— BAKER FOR GENERAL BAK- ing business. Address Lock Box 836, Eaton Rapids,Mich, id UTTER, EGGS, POULTRY AND VEAL Shippers should write Cougle Brothers, 178 South Water Street, Chicago, for daily market reports. 26 ANTED TO CORRESPOND WITH SHIP- pers of butter and eggs and other season- able produce. R. Hirt, 36 Market street, Detroit. 951 ANTED—SEVERAL MICHIGAN GEN- tral mileage books. Address, stating price, Vindex, care Michigan Tradesman. 860 ©© © ® ©© ©© ©) @ \f ©© © © © © © ©OOOO ©) 6) ©) © ©© © - ©) ©) es euoensesNNsss506 - fet OU Ne Old Rul By discarding antiquated business methods and adopting those in keeping with the pro- gressive spirit of the age. If you are still using the pass book, you should lose no time in abandoning that system, supplying its place with a system which enables the merchant to avoid all the losses and annoyances incident to moss grown methods. We refer, of course, to the coupen book system, of which we were the originators and have always been the largest manufacturers, our output being larger than that of all other coupon book makers combined. We make four different grades of coupon books, carrying six denomi- nations($1, $2, $3, $5, $10 and $20 books) of each in stock at all times, and, when re- quired, furnish specially printed books, or books made from specially designed and en- graved plates. Briefly stated, the coupon system is preferable to the pass book method because it (1) saves the time consumed in recording the sales on the pass book and copying same on blotter, day book and ledger; (2) prevents the disputing of accounts; (3) puts the obligation in the form of a note, which is prima FACIE evidence of indebtedness; (4) enables the mer- chant to collect interest on overdue notes, which he is unable to do with ledger accounts; (5) holds the customer down to the limit of credit established by the merchant, as it is al- most impossible to do with the pass book. If you are not using the coupon book system, or are dissatisfied with the inferior books put out by our imitators, you are invited to write for samples of our several styles of books and illustrated price list. TRADESMAN COMPANY, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Travelers’ Time Tables. CHICAGO sa west michigan 'y Going to Chicago. Ly. Gd. Rapids ........8:30am 1:25pm +11:00pm . Chicago............ 3:00pm 6:50pm + 6:30am Returning from Chicago. CCRRO . 0. cos 7:20am 5:00pm +11:30pm .G’d Rapids....... . 1:25pm 10:30pm + 6:10am GOGO Muskegon via ea Ly. G’d. Rapids, ... ~... 8:30am 1:25pm 6:25pm he 'd., Bapies..<.)..... 1G: hem... 10:30pm : : Manistee, Traverse City and Petoskey. . G’d Rapids........ 7:20am 5:30pm .....- ca lv Ar Manistee. ......-..- 12:05pm 10:25pm ........ Ar. Traverse City..... 12:40pm 11:10pm ........ : - | Ar. Charlevoix....... SiGpl ee es eka ar. Petoskey.......... SSOP ec cce se Sc Trains arrive from north at 1:00p.m. and 9:50 p-m. PARLOR AND SLEEPING CARS. Chicago. Parlor cars on afternoon trains and sleepers on night trains. North. Parlor car for Traverse City leaves Grand Rapids 7:30am. +Every day. Others week days only. OOOO DET ROIT ,cansing & ieaaihaaa RR Going to Detroit. ©O© Ly. Grand Rapids......7:00am 1:30pm 5:25pm ee 11:40am 5:40pm 10:10pm Returning from Detroit. -— "4 Ly. Detroit... .... <..:. 7:40am 1:10pm 6:00pm Ar. Grand Rapids.... Joa 5:20pm 10:45pm Saginaw, Alma and St. Louis. Ly. G R7:00am 4:20pm Ar. G R11:55am 9:15pm To and from Lowell. Ly. Grand Rapids......7:¢0am 1:30pm 5:25pm Ar. from Lowell. .....12:30pm 5:20pm ....... THROUGH CAR SERVICE. Parlor cars on all trains between Grand Rap- ids and Detroit and between Grand Rapids and Saginaw. Trains run week days only. Gro. DEHavEN, General Pass. Agent. GR AN Trunk Railway System Detroit and Milwaukee Div. ©) Eastward. +No. 14 +No.16 +No.18 *No. 8& Ly. G’d Rapids.6:45am 10:20am 3:25pm 11:00pm Ar. Jonia......7:40am 11:25am 4:27pm 12:35am Ar. St. Johns. .§:25am ©OOOO 12:17pm 5:20pm 1:25am , Owosso... .9: 1:20pm 6:05pm 3:10am .E.Saginawl0:50am 3:4°pm 8:00pm 6:40am . Bay City... 11:30am —- 8:37pm 7:15am oO . oe Pe as ; Pint. 3... 10:05am 3:45pm 7:05pm 5:40am Ar. Pt. Huron.12:05pm 5:50pm 8:50pm 7:30am Ar. Pontiac.. 10:58am 3:05pm 8:25pm 5:37am Ar. Detroit.. 11:50am 4:05pm 9:25pm 7:05am Westward. For @’a Haven and Intermediate Pts....*7:00am For G’d Haven and Muskegon..... . ..t1: 0pm Tor G’d Haven and Intermediate Pts.. ..t5:04pm for G’d Haven and Milwaukee.......... 10:05pm +Daily except Sunday. *Daily. Trains arrive from the east, 6:35a.m., 12:50p.m., 4:48p.m.. 10:00 p.m, Trains arrive from the west, 6:40a.m., 10:10a.m., 3:15p.m., 9:55 p.m. Eastward—No. 14 has Wagner Parlor Buffet var. No.8 Parlorecar. No. 82 Wagner sleeper. Westward—No. 11 Parlor car. No. 15 Wagner Parlor Buffet car. No. 81 Wagner sleeper. Jas. CAMPBELL, City Pass. Agent. Rapids & tien a GRAND Northern Div. Leave Arrive Trav. C’y, Petoskey & Mack.. .+ 7:45am t 5:15pm Trav. C’y, Petoskey & Mack...+ 2:15pm + 6:30am GING, os ee es oe + 5:25pm +t11:10am Train leaving at 7:45 a.m. has parlor car to Petoskey and Mackinaw. Train leaving at 2:15 p.m. has sleeping car to Petoskey and Mackinaw. Southern Div. GQOOOGOHOOOOO Leave Arrive Cineinnatl...... 2.05 - <2 sss + 7:10am + 8:25pm We Wagne. 2:2... 55... + 2:00pm + 1:55pm Cincinnati ..... * 7:00pm * 7:25am 7:10a.m. train has parlor car to Cincinnati. 7:00p.m. train has sleeping car to Cincinnati. Muskegon Trains. ©© 3 : GOING WEST. Lv Q@’d Rapids.......... 47:35am +1:00pm +5:40pm Ar Muskegon.... ..... 9:00am 2:10pm 7:05pm GOING EAST. : : | Lv Muskegon....... -- +8:10am +11:45am +4:00pm ArG’d Rapids... ..... 9:30am 12:55pm 5:20pm - +Except Sunday. *Daily. A. ALMQUIS' Cc. L. Lockwoop, iT Ticket Agt.Un.Sta. Gen. Pass. & Tkt. Agt. ©© Every Merchant Who uses the Tradesman Company’s COUPON BOOKS, does so with a sense of security and profit, for he knows he fs avoiding loss and annoy ance. Write TRADESMAN COMPANY, Grand Rapids © © © ‘it fa se ans tt " . 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See 000000000000 000000000000 000000000 SOOO OOR OOOO OOOSOOOOOCOOCCOCCOCOORCOOOOOEOCS OSue Ie so oooooooecosoqoosoooccoooccccoossoooosesoccccooossooosoosescccescccesssooosoosesees’ ~a=>) THE GAIL BORDEN EAGLE BRAND # CONDENSED IiILK is a staple article ; sold every- se where, and as an infant food has no equal. : ss | A All reliable dealers sell it and it is a good stock for se REE THE NEW YORK CONDENSED MILK COMPANY # — 4 e Prepared and guaranteed by the ss i, For Quotations See Price Commas. ee In Time of Peace Prepare for War Winter is coming and sleighs will be needed. We make a full line of Patent Delivery and <@=sPl6aSiré Sicidiis. WRITE FOR PRICE LIST. The Belknap Wagon Co., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Rat tc: mi Ties ree a eee