i We sell to a is We OG WE pos SSM YEO BRC HERS OGG Sy Spc aw a DAW Re < ee CROC — SS af . ed it, oe ri Go SEe i ai (O} y iS) ei ¢ Tan (e oy : Ves Sy ai re A oe aig , 5 AE a (G) C6 AG Gi en “hae AS F eS GS Z (ee NC ae ew cAI AMS Be 34 —< @ ft inte OAS PAs 1h 3 og (OCS ASS fe CoPUBLISHED WEEKLY 4 7 GS ee TRADESMAN COMPANY, PUBLISHERS SEG ST SA SES GRESSION Volume XVII. GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1899. Number 833 Remember we issue Catalogues in all of our departments: Crockery Glassware Lamps Fancy Goods. If you are interested, we would If You Want Three Swell Lamps buy our No. 900 Assort- ment, three styles in one package. like your name on our mailing list. No. 855. Decorated with flowers on light cloud- tinted ground. Has 10-inch Globeand No. 2 Royal Center Draft Burner. oe Assorted ee of — Parlor sarees 1 No. oo a cena aS © No, Sh5 Lamp, Complete... os kee ee ee ile etie weit gt none ocd 3.78 1 No. S65 Eanrp, completes: oo ese tae eee aden ee dt ecle nie as ee om 4 > $ 11 00 No. 86s. No. 830. Tl@SGNG PCr CONE 8 ee oo ik cis cad cele wen ssia dace ble same tons I 10 In dark ae color effect decoration, ; : — with richly contrasting floral. Has 10- Complete with 9-inch Globe and No. 9 90 inch globe and No. ", Royal Center 2 Royal Center Draft Burner. Package, nocharge. Draft borner. 42-44 Lake Street, dealers only Chicago. Mada She De he De De De de Be De Dy De De De De De De De Me Wee Dee eA AAA A MAD Se ‘ ‘e ON TOP OF THE HEAP That’s where we all want to be and that’s where you will be, as far as your cigar trade is concerned, if you deal with us. We have the largest and best line of cigars in the country—the kind it pays to sell—the kind that put you on top of the heap. They don’t cost a cent more than the unknown, unpopular brands. Better send in a trial order. PHELPS, BRACE & Co., THE LARGEST CIGAR DEALERS IN THE MIDDLE WEST, F. E. BUSHMAN, Manager. Awww wwWAWABWWY PRLLLLLLLELLLE Ree RRR RRR RRRRERRRERRRERRRR ‘ ANA AF Ws AS AA As AS AAS AAs AAS AA AS AF AS AS AAS AS AAS AF As Ad AA As hs as - We have the best-selected sample line of Furniture_in Grand Mr Merchan © Rapids—the best-selling lines from the big July Exposition. " ® Spot cash bought these goods—makers were glad to sell them rather than repack and reship them. We are selling this SAMPLE FURNITURE AT RETAIL We pay the freight on every article we send out and return your money without question if the goods are not satisfactory in every way. Five specimen values here—they give a partial idea only of our scope—we handle everything in the line of furniture. Send for our catalogue—or better still—come in and see us. Our furniture is adorning many of the finest homes in Grand Rapids, Detroit and Chicago—why not yours? i ner ti eS This brass-trimmed bed, full size, bow toot. Actual value, $10, our price, $7.25, freight paid. Dressers, $6.95 to $95. oa LATANIA BORDONICA, Perpetuated Palms, with four large leaves and centerpiece, in pots, natural as life, and an ornament to store or parlor, $1.25 freight prepaid. Large, roomy, Roll-Top Office Desk, only $13.75; others $8.75 up, freight paid. Couches $4.70 to $60. Free samples of cover- ings on application. Grand Rapids Wholesale Furniture Co. gerry Lous and otawa Sts. SANs AF A As AF A A SAS AS A AS AS A AF A AS AF A SS AS A AS A SAS AS A AS dF Ah dA sd A MOST WONDERFUL OFFER Have you ever had any business dealings with us? If not, we want to bring you into the fold of our many well-satisfied customers through the medium of the most popular medium-priced bicycle ever built, the 1899 Wabash Bicycle Within the next thirty days we will move into new and larger quarters in order to be better able to take care of our fast increasing trade. Be- fore we move we wish to reduce our stock as much as possible, especially on our WABASH models. These are the best selling and most popular of all our models and it is admitted, by those of our customers who have handled them this season, that they are, by far, superior to any other POPULAR- PRICED bicycle built. _ It will pay you to get on our list of customers. This is your opportunity. Merchants have been offered all kinds of wheels at.all kinds of prices, but never before have they been offered thoroughly high-grade, fully guaranteed bicycles at the price we now offer our WABASH models It is not likely that this offer will appear again and, if you want to take advantage of the greatest bicycle value ever offered, you should send us your orders at once. We quote you, whether you order one or one hundred, the stupendously Ie¢w price of $15.00 eons” — $15.00 For Either Men’s Model 80 or Ladies’ Model 81. Our Wabash Models retail at $30.00 to the riders and are worth every cent of it. Orders will be accepted with the distinct understanding that if the wheels are not entirely satisfactory and just as we represent them, they can be returned and the money will be refunded without a word. In order to more fully appreciate the above offer, we ask you to note carefully the following specifications: Large tubing, 14-inch throughout, in main frame. Flush joints thoroughly reinforced. Wabash two-piece drop forged cranks, 7-inch throw. D shaped tub- ing in rear forks. Large sprockets, drop forged, new and original design. Regu- lar gear, 80-inch 26xg on men’s, 68-inch 22xg on ladies.’ Beautiful Schineer handle bars. Miller (Brown shape) padded saddie. Thorsen pedals (positively no better pedals made). Beautiful mahogany finished rims. Tires, Wabash, single tube, corrugated tread. These tires we have used on go per cent. of our Wabash wheels this season, and so far have had scarcely a complaint. Guaranteed Indiana tires 75¢ extra. Morgan & Wright or Hartford tires $2.00 extra. Finish, four coats finest enamel, each coat baked separately, hand polished in coach green (regular), black or maroon color, finished with a neat double hair line stripe of gold.. Note—The bearings (the most important item in a bicycle) in the Wabash wheeis are turned from tool steel, oil tempered, ground and polished, and if kept in proper adjustment, they will wear as iong and as well as the bearings of any bi- cycle built, regardless of cost. Men’s in 22 and 24-inch frames. Ladies 22inch. Can furnish the latter in 20-inch frames if desired. The general specifications of the ladies’ Wabash, Model 8: are the same as Men’s Model 80. It has a beautifully designed dropped ladies’ frame and with a combination metal and wood chain guard. Its appear- ance and design can not be surpassed by any wheel built, at any price. id Gainsleas Cau. Photographic Reproduction of Men’s Model 8o. TH E THORSEN CYCLE CO, Chicago. FAS sas hs WHA), ‘ ee HIPAA INDI III I NIN . ae Kindly mention this Journal. a TR ee ee a. Volume XVII. The Preferred Bankers Life Assurance Company of Detroit, Mich. Annual Statement, Dec. 31, 1898. Commenced Business Sept. !, 1893. Insurance in Force........ .........0+. $3,249,000 00 Ledger Assets............. ua 455734 79 Hedger Etabilities ............... 21 68 Losses Adjusted and Unpaid..... Soe None ‘Totai Death Losses Paid to Date...... 51,061 00 Total Guarantee Deposits Paid to Ben- eficiaries..... a 1,030 00 Death Losses Paid During the Year... 11,000 00 Death Rate for the Year............... 3 64 FRANK E. ROBSON, President. TRUMAN B. GOODSPEED, Secretary. greseeeeesececeteeseeeeees « < . Investigate our sys- 2 i ® : tem before placing = = your collections. t « % sesesea Sesrsesesesesssesesssy : Take a Receipt for Everything It may save you a thousand dol- lars, or a lawsuit, or a customer. hi We make City Package Re- ceipts to order; also keep plain ones in stock. Send for samples. BARLOW BROS , GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. P5esese5e5e5es5e5e5e25 Grcagesseqacacagssr —_ OLDEST MOST RELIABLE oe ee Wholesale Clothing Manufacturers in the city of ROCHESTER, N. Y. are KOLB & SON. Only house making strictly ali wool Kersey Overcoats, guaranteed, at $5. Maiti orders will receive prompt attention. Write our Michigan representative, Wm. Connor, Box 346, Marshail, Mich., to call on you, or meet him at Sweet’s Hotel, Grand Rapids, Sept. 5 to 15 inclusive. Customers’ expenses allowed. Prices, quality and fit guaranteed @ SO0000000 000009000000 00000 FIRE v INS. co. Prompt, Cunservative, Safe. 4 J.W.CHAMPLIN, Pres. W. FRED McBaIn, Sec. ¢ : : v | GFRVGPVUGVUVOS VOI VUVUVUVUVUVUVUUOC Hah OGG bn & by bo bobo tn tn bn bntnt $ ; ‘ a dG, db b&b & 4, OOSOOOO oo3 > > > > > > > » > > > 4 THE MERCANTILE AGENCY Established 1841. R. G. DUN & CO. Widdicomb Blid’g, Grand Rapids, Mich. Books arranged with trade classification of names. Collections made everywhere. Write for particulars. L. P. WITZLEBEN, lanager. MOdeSinOn GOUpONS Save Trouble. Save Money Save Time. GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1899. IMPORTANT FEATURES. Page. a 2. Getting the People. 4. Around the State. 5. Grand Rapids Gossip. 8. Editorial. 10. Michigan Fruit. 12. The Flour Trade. 15. Dry Goods. 16. Banking Interests. Telephone Service. 20. Shingle Trade. 22. Hides and Wool, 24. Commercial Travelers, 26. Bicycle Trade. 28. Lime Trade. 29. The Daily Press. Fire Insurance. 32. Furniture Trade. 34. Railway Development. Drug Trade. 38. Woman's World. 40. Butter Trade. Wagon Trade. 41. Retail Grocery Trade. 42. Sanitary Plumbing. 43. Millinery Trade. 44. Credits and Collections. 46. Farm Produce. 48. Automobiles Used in Transportation. 49. Compressed Yeast. 50. Fruits and Produce. 51. Gotham Gossip. 52. Shoes and Leather. Shoe Trade. 54. Hardware Trade. Wholesale Grocery Trade. 57. Commercial Travelers. 58. Drugs and Chemicals. 59. Drug Price Current. 60. Grocery Price Current. Grocery Price Current. Excelsior. Successful Salesmen. 64. Farm Implements. Business Wants. Condition of the Hay Crop. The condition of the hay crop this year is nearly the reverse of its condi- tion a year ago. ‘Then the crop was the largest ever reported, with a very dull market at low prices, the supply being greater than the demand, and it con- tinued so for nearly the whole year, while the present outlook is for an active market at better prices and a good de- mand. Nearly one-third of the receipts of hay in Boston are exported, showing that other countries may use part of our surplus. Old Western hay of choice quality is selling at the unusual premium of $1 per ton over new hay. Stocks are re- ported very light at the Eastern markets and Western farmers are not showing much anxiety to dispose of their hold- ings. These conditions are causing higher prices. The Government report on this year’s crop shows 3.4 per cent. decrease in acreage, with the condition of timothy on August 1, 86.7, which is 12.6 points below that of the corresponding date last year. The condition of clover is in’ marked contrast with that of last year, showing a large percentage of decrease, the crop in New York and Pennsylvania being 71 and 76 per cent., respectively, as compared with 93 and o4 per cent., re- spectively, last year. Michigan and Indiana also show a reduction of a few points, Ohio showing the best prospects. It is noted that the quality of this year’s crop of clover falls below last year, es- pecially in New England. Timothy in Western Michigan is of good quality, while the clover is generally very poor. We believe that the farmer who has secured a good crop of No. t Timothy hay will share in this year’s unprece- dented prosperity. O. E. Brown. - .ee The ambition of some men appears to know no bounds. point, see Frank Hamilton, the Traverse City clothier. Not with possessor of a successful clothing and a_ beautiful home on the crest of Sunset Hill; with election to the office of Mayor by nearly a unanimous. vote ; with the acquisition of something more than fame as the grower of red kidney beans, he now another kind of reputation — as a breeder of An- gora cats. The people of Traverse City have always been kind to Mr. Hamilton and the cheerful burghers of the Peninsula have put up with his ec- an amateur farmer with quiet forbearance, but the attempt to re- place the American tabby with the fox- tailed denizen of Asia Minor is causing a revolt which may result in his neigh- For a case in content being the store local covets very centricities as bors espousing a new breeders of bulldogs. occupation as Ta Although the apple crop this year is expected to be the largest that has been produced, the demand has increased so greatly during recent years that it is not thought the prices will fall. The largest yield of apples in the United States was 210,000,000 bushels, about three bushels for every man, woman and child. About one-third of the product is made into cider. The price of ap- ples has been rising each year, and a demand for them has arisen in Europe, to which many are exported. The ex- ports of dried apples for the last fiscal year were 19,305,749 pounds, valued at $1,245,733, while of ripe apples there were exported 380, 222 barrels, valued at $1,210, 459. > © The secret service has discovered a new counterfeit $2 treasury note of the series of 1891, check letter D; Bruce, register; Roberts, treasurer; portrait, McPherson. ‘The seal is dark red in- stead of pink, and the parallel ruling is poor, as is most of the lathe work. It is a fairly deceptive photo-etched — pro- duction, and the silk fiber distributed through the genuine paper has been closely imitated. > oe --- Marshall D. Elgin, Secretary of the Musselman Grocer Co., is spending a fortnight at Falls, Montreal and the St. Lawrence River country. He is accompanied by his wife. EE ~ Sometimes a man wants re-election to office as a_ vindication of his conduct, and sometimes he wants it because he has no other means of living. —_—_>0>—___ The universal peace associations are keeping themselves together to be able to be happy when universal comes. Niagara peace > 0 The invention of liquid air makes in- dulging in liquid refreshments - still more difficult to avoid. a When a man acts. without must hunt for an excuse to justify him- self. reason he —_—__o-0-e—____ Where there is a_ will a lawyer will find some other way. Number 833 The Hardware Market. Conditions of trade remain quite sim- ilar to those reported in our last market. Retail dealers give encouraging reports of conditions existing in their local markets, but say the disposition of the consumer to buy in any great quantities is restricted quite a good deal by the This has its effect upon the dealers, who, in recent advances in_ prices. also the majority of cases are buying only as their wants appear from day to day. In the manufacturing line everything is reaching a higher level and so far as we are able to judge, many goods will be much higher and no lower prices on any line will take place during the coming year. Wire Nails Sept. 1 the manufactur- ers made an advance of 15¢ per cwt. on wire and mails of all kinds, and on painted barbed wire they made an ad- vance of 50c per ewt., bringing it up to within 15¢ of galvanized barbed. There is no change on the advance which = al- ready exists of 5o0c per cwt. between plain and galvanized wire, as they have painted Prices at the only made a change governing and galvanized barbed. present time are as follows: No. 9 plain wire, $2.95; No. 9 galvanized, $3.55; gal- $3.45; painted barbed wire, vanized barbed wire, $3.70; wire nails, $3.05. For shipment direct from mill, @he price averages about 15c¢ per cwt. less. If the advances in raw material continue, it is believed there will be higher prices on wire and nails before Oct. 1. Miscellaneous culty orders In bar iron great diffi- is being experienced in getting filled, as the mills claim to be from three to four months behind orders. While there has been no special change in the price for the last thirty days, ow- ing to the scarcity existing and jobbers being obliged to pick up their iron from whatever source they are able to find it, prices have generally advanced, and a 3c rate on bar iron is now quite gener- ally asked. ‘Tacks and clout nails of all kinds have advanced 15 per cent. in the last two weeks. Onstrap and T. hinges, as wrought butts, at a recent manufacturers, an vance of 25 per cent. was made. as. well ad- This was necessitated by the increased cost of meeting of the the material going into their manufac- ture. While there has been no change on Manila rope for the past week, sisal has advanced %c per lb., making the price at present from jobbers’ hands 11%c. While it is not good weather for skating, prices on skates have been es- tablished for the coming season at an average of about 5c a pair higher than last year. Manufacturers of files of all kinds, including Nicholson and Black Diamond, have advanced their price 1o per cent. in the last week, and jobbers are now asking 7o per cent. off list for standard brands. In clothes wringers a new list has been adopted, covering the entire line, from which jobbers givé a discount of from 20 to 25 percent. Edge tools and hammers of all kinds have ad- vanced 15 per cent. in the last ten days. Wm. T. Barnard succeeds Jas. Baker in the grocery business at 1066 Madi- son avenue. 2 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Getting the People The Local Retailer and the Catalogue Houses. The one element that has arisen in the past few years to the disquietude of the local retailer is the catalogue houses, so-called—the firms who issue immense catalogues of every conceivable kind of goods at apparently tempting prices and distribute these catalogues among the retailer’s customers. That these houses are making heavy inroads into the re- tailer’s trade is undeniable, and the evil is not yet at an end and will not be until the retailer looks at the matter from a_ perfectly practical standpoint. The cause and the remedy are plainly apparent to anyone who will take the time to do this. The catalogue houses issue catalogues in which every article is illustrated, fully described and priced. The great- est care is taken to make the descrip- tions as complete as possible and to word them in the most alluring manner. The local retailer puts an advertisement in the paper reading ‘‘John Smith, Dry Goods, Boots and Shoes,’’ or something equally lucid. Only in rare instances does he attempt to describe and price his goods in his advertisements. Peo- ple will always buy where the prices are lowest, other things being equal. If they did not think that they were getting bargains from the catalogue houses they would not buy from them. If the local retailer would come out in the news- paper with a reproduction of a page from one of the catalogues and offer to duplicate the prices named there, or, if necessary, ,to go below them; if he would tell his customers the advantages of seeing an article before buying it; if he would advertise his own goods in the same manner as the catalogue houses do even going to the point of issuing a catalogue of his own, if necessary-—he would rapidly make good his lost trade. The catalogue houses are succeeding through good advertising—-the local re- tailer must fight them with advertising. He has everything in his favor. He is on the ground. He knows his custom- ers. All that he has to do is to demon- strate to them, in the most forcible way, that they can save money by buying of him, and his case is won. oe A correspondent who desires his name withheld sends me four advertisements, three of which are decidedly good, and the fourth not quite so good. It runs as follows : Look alike, but they may be different. Are they fresh, pure, true to name, strong, and selected from the best specimens? How can you tell as to these points? Have you anything, other than your dealer’s honesty. to rely upon? Do you know about the reliability of the New York, Chicago and other large-city seedsmen? If they beat you, what can you do? If your home dealer beats vou, you know where to find him, don’t you?” Then why not patronize me, and if goods are not right, here I am, and Pil make them right. Think about this, and get my prices. BLANK, See "ececceceececeececcececee” My correspondent started out right, but when he came to the fork in the road, he took the wrong turning. From the words, ‘‘Do you know about the re- liability, etc.?’’ the advertisement is wrong. It never pays to run downa competitor. The public always sympa- thizes with the under dog. Ifa man abuses his competitor or casts doubt up- on his honesty, the public feeling is apt to swerve in favor of the competitor, and the attempt defeats its own end. Besides this, there is no logical reason why the large city seedsmen should not be reliable. ‘They have been in busi- ness a number of years, and have grown steadily each year—certainly facts op- posed to the idea of unfair dealings. A seedsman who dealt unfairly with his customers would have to hunt for a new set every year, and his business’ would not more than likely it would lessen. Evidently, then, the proper way for my correspondent to have followed up his opening remarks would have been something like this: grow S I’ve been in business here among you e for — years. You know me. 3 Every customer I ever had is a living ® advertisement of the goodness of the seeds I sell. ® There’s not a man who can say that the ® seeds I sold him were not right. 5 Satisfaction—or your money back without es question—that’s what I offer you. a The seeds you want, at the time you want them -that’s what you get when you buy here—no delays in delivery and no express charges to pa) My prices are worth getting. BLANK, Blankville. I am glad to see that D. S. Seaman, of Greenville, has at last discontinued that nerve-racking Coffee, Ginger Snaps and Grated Pineapple advertisement which I criticised about two months ago, and has substituted for it one that is really good. 1 reproduce it as an ex- cellent specimen of good grocery adver- tising. It always pays to speak of the cleanliness of a grocery or butcher’s store, and if the store bears out the statement made inthe advertising, it makes a winning combination. A clean store, with well- ‘dusted counters and 0OS0S008 90000800 The Art of s e Living and living well, is in judicious mar- keting. Where you buy is of as mucn importance as what you buy and what you pay for it, when it comes to food. You want to know the surroundings of the things you are going toeat. Notice the cleanli- ness of the store. Everything is fresh and appetizing and attractive. The prices are always right. Our special this week is Heinz’s Pi kling Vinegar at 35c a gallon. D. S. SEAMAN 8OOSOSOCCOSOSOCS shelving and a neatly-arranged window display, together with courteous people back of the counter, will always sell more goods and get more money for them than an untidy place, with dirty shelves and windows and frowzy clerks. The best advertising in the world won’t do this latter store any good. Advertising can only brings people as far as the door of your store—after that, the store and the salespeople must do the rest. It pays to cater to particular people—people who are known to be a bit cranky, even. They are the best advertisement a store can have. People say, ‘‘There’s Mrs. Jones. She’s the most particular woman in town. She deals at Blank’s,’’ and the natural inference is that if Blank can suit her, he must be good enough for ordinary mortals to deal with. And Mrs. Jones, the particular, will adver- tise you, too. And she’ll tell her neigh- bors that she doesn’t deal with Brown, your competitor, because she saw him wipe his hands on a towel that looked: as if it had not been washed for a month, before he cut her a slice of meat. All the advertising isn’t printed in the newspapers, and sometimes the kind that isn’t printed is just as important as the kind that is. + + + Whenever you feel like writing poeti- cal advertising think of Mr. Punch’s advice to those about to be married ‘*Don’t.’’ Here is a specimen; and as there are some things that simply can not be treated of in cold blood, | repro- duce it without criticism: A fly in the se To the air spread his wing For warmer has grown the weather. While roaming about Another thaws out. They met and flew off together. Toa kitchen they go On torage intent. Over the pies and the cakes they caper When one fly to the other raug hing! y said, © Let s get onto the sticky fly paper.’ W. S. Hamburger. a Fall and Winter Styles in Millinery. Although quite unusual to disclose the closely-guarded secrets of the fashion designers before the formal openings, we can not resist the temptation to give the Tradesman’s lady readers a peep into a few of the hidden bandboxes and prepare them for the marvelous construc- tions soon to be revealed at Corl, Knott & Co.’s. The following descriptions are noted from a host of models of the Parisian modistes awaiting the opening days: Hat designed by Faulkner: Picture hat of grey velvet, brim covered with rolls of grey satin, crown made of folds of satin and velvet, trimmed with grey plumes, bow of grey satin ribbon in front, rhinestone and steel buckle, ends extending to back crossed, forming tie strings. By Poyanne: Turban, seal brown velvet, trimmed with turquoise velvet at right, draped fan effect, pheasant at left, rhinestone and steel ornament. By Virot: Wire turban frame, small crown covered with velvet and narrow bands of sequins, brim of Maline with sequin trimming, black and white _ but- terfly studded with jet and rhinestone, finished with steel and rhinestone orna- ment, crystal pin through crown. By Lewis: Model of grey and violet velvet, brim of violet and grey velvet draped, trimmed with mink, knot of grey velvet in front, white paradise. By Maison Garlier: Model of Castor miroir velvet, walking hat effect, entire hat of velvet draped in soft folds, strass and turquoise ornament in _ front, trimmed with eagle wings. By Marcband: Draped turquoise of Zaire velvet, with rows of horsehair braid, trimmed with seagull of same color, crystal pins, steel rhinestone buckle at back. Millinery trimmings for fall and win- ter point largely to the generous use of birds, parrots, breasts, pasted effects in quills, wings and other fancy feathers of this character. ——_~s_22—__ It Is Not Uncertain. Advertising is no more uncertain than any other business venture. It is subject to the same rules and conditions. It offers the same chance of success. No man can tell in undertaking any line of business just what it will pay. He_ be- lieves that it will pay and tries to make it pay, and that is all he can do. It is the same in advertising. You can ad- vertise and spend your money in the most intelligent way and wait for re- sults. —Charles Austin Bates. Growing Old Gracefully. From the Owosso Times. Mr. W. S. H. Welton made the Times one of ‘his pleasant calls Tuesday and varied the usual course of his calls by announcing that he was ready to receive congratulations on the passing of his 82nd _ birthday. Although 82 years old Tuesday, Mr. Welton asserted that be- fore the day would be over he would have put in fully ten hours of work in the sun, and that with no more discom- fort than any other man would experi- ence. He is still strong and hearty, works every day on his farm, northeast of the city, keeps thoroughly posted on all passing events in the world’s his- tory and frequently furnishes articles on special subjects to various periodicals, notably the Michigan Tradesman. Mr. Welton attributes his continued splen- did health as much to his habit of keep- ing in touch with passing events as to out of door exercise. He is certainly one of the finest of living examples of growing old gracefully before Shiwassee county to-day, and the Times joins with other friends in hoping that the community may have the example of his life before it for years yet and that the succeeding twerity-ninths of many future Augusts may see him a caller on city friends. : Early Closing. Arguments may be adduced in = sup- port of any theory, but it is somewhat too far-fetched to urge in support of the early closing of shoe stores that the long hours of work in those establishments is in a marked degree responsible for many of the failures that take place. Sucha contention is foolish and might with much more propriety be used on the op- posite side; but it is nevertheless a fact that the long hours in which the em- ployes of retail shoe stores are compelled to work dissipate their energies and make them listless and inattentive. It is reasonably urged that more and better work might be got out of them with shorter hours as ‘‘all work and no_ play makes Jack a dull boy’’ is quite as true now as when it was first written J.G. Miller & Co., Clothing Manufacturers, Chicago, II. I am now at my desk in Chicago, to remain until State Fair week, held in Grand Rapids, Sept. 25-29, at which time I shall be at Sweet’s Hotel with all my fall and winter samples. Will take good care of customers who can meet me in Chicago between now and Sept. 15, and ailow all expenses to trade who will give me all or part of their fall purchases while in Chicago. Any who cannot leave home kindly let me know and I will send full line of samples or visit them personally. It will be a great pleasure to meet your demands, and rest as- sured all favors will be appreciated. Respectfully, S. T. Bowen, 276 Franklin Street, My , U e MICHIGAN TRADESMAN SSELMAN GROCER Co“ 21 AND 23 SOUTH IONIA St. 4) GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. Secon COM MUSOMLEL : ways cas Luslomes, ur ; 4 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Around the State Movements of Merchants. Cadillac. -Stone & Nilsen have em- barked in the dry goods business. Albion—-Mrs. D. C. Reynolds has sold her drug stock to H. C. Keck. Hancock--August Tangen has pur- chased the grocery stock of Charles 5. Mason. i Detroit--J. S. Conley, dealer in to- bacco and cigars, has sold out to John H. Cox. Pentwater-Miss Grace Barker, of Hart, has opened a millinery store at this place. Marlette Jas. D. Hunter has pur- chased the stock of the Marlette Mer- cantile Co. Albion—-Manheimer Bros., of Hills- dale, have embarked in the clothing business here. Olivet--A. C. Shalliar has purchased a store building and engaged in the meat business. Detroit—Nelson J. Malott has pur- chased the grocery stock and meat busi- ness of John Lahey. Port Huron—Edward McGill has em- barked in the grocery and confectionery business at this place. East Thetford--E. F. sold his grocery stock to Bros., of Layton Corners. Coldwater— Alex. Friedman, of Spring- field, Ohio, has embarked in the dry goods business at this place. Johnson has Weingierl Allegan—-F. L. Kent has sold his feed store business and stock to Roscoe Ellis, who will continue the business at the same location. East Jordan—D. C. Loveday & Co. have decided to close out their stock of groceries and devote the space to their hardware stock. Adrian—Dr. Leroy Treat has _ pur- chased the drug stock of A. B. Treat. Geo. Treat will probably have charge of the business. Chelsea—Miss Mary Haab, formerly with Miss Mary Bell, of Ann Arbor, will shortly embark in the millinery business at this place. Olivet—Giles Barrus will shortly erect a brick building, 50x70 feet in dimen- sions, which he will occupy witha stock of agricultural implements. Red Jacket—The Copper City Confec- tionery Co. is the name of a new enter- prise established at this place by Peter Pera and Peter Banditinni. Maple Rapids—A. N. Howe & Co. have sold their general stock to C. Red- fern & Co., who will continue the business at the same location. Jackson—L. H. Harris, of Minonk, Ill., and Fred Kurtz, of this city, have formed a copartnership and engaged in the drug business at this place. Hillsdale—The grocery stock of H. L. Lawrence & Co., successors to Oscar Hancock, has been purchased by Frank M. Johnson and Charles S. Hayes. Saginaw—H. G. Watz, who purchased the drug stock of the late William Grossman at 1218 and 1220 Court street, has consolidated it with his own stock. Battle Creek—F. J. Chamberlain & Bro. have sold their drug stock to J. W. Amstutz, formerly from Smithville, Ohio, who will continue the business at the samé location. Charlotte—E. V. Abell has purchased the department store stock and business of the late George W. Foote. The sale does not include the drug and book de- partment. Mr. Abell was formerly in the boot and shoe business here. Ionia—C. E. Jennings, of this place, has leased the Berlin Center Grange Hall and will put in a stock of groceries. He will make an effort to have a post- office established there. Holland--Miss Susie A. Martin has purchased the interest of Geo. Huizinga in the drug stock of Martin & Huizinga and will continue the business at the same location in her own name. Lansing Jas. O'Connor, formerly head salesman in the clothing store of Geo. H. Sheets, at Grand Ledge, has engaged in the clothing and men’s fur- nishing goods business at 106 Washing- ton avenue. Petoskey--Frank Sherman and Lyle Bryam, formerly connected with the clothing house of Rosenthal & Son, have formed a copartnership and will-open a dry goods and ladies’ furnishing goods store in the near future. Albion—Rosseau & Riker will occupy the remaining store in the Loomis block. Mr. Rosseau will enlarge his stock of harness supplies and Mr. Riker will carry a line of boots and shoes and con- tinue his repairing work. Charlotte—-Edward L. Coy, of Cadil- lac, formerly of this city, and George H. Tubbs, for the past seven years head clerk at Lamb & Spencer’s grocery, have purchased the grocery stock of J. A. Mikesell and will continue the busi- ness. Benton Harbor--Geo. Avery, former- ly traveling representative for the Ideal Clothing Co. (Grand Rapids), has_ pur- chased the interest formerly owned by Jesse Puterbaugh in the clothing firm of Hipp, Enders & Puterbaugh. The new firm will be known as Hipp, En- der & Avery. Ishpeming—The big store in the addi- tion built by F. Braastad to his Cleve- land avenue block last spring is being finished and prepared for occupancy. It is his intention to use the room for the accommodation of his crockery stock, as an adjunct to the grocery de- partment. A stock of bazaar goods will also occupy part of the space. Manufacturing Matters. Mansfield—The Mansfield Mill Co. succeeds B. F. Davenport in the shingle business. Detroit—The Peninsular Sugar Refin- ing Co. has increased its capital stock from $300,000 to $500, 000. Detroit—The Wayne Soap Co. has filed articles of incorporation. The capital stock is $5,000, one-tenth of which is paid in. The incorporators are Otto C. and Gustav F. Behr and James C. Ross, all of Detroit. Mendon—W. H. Reinhart has sold the Mendon Cider and Vinegar Works to Ezra Baker, of Kalamazoo, for $6,000. Mr. Baker will continue to reside at Kalamazoo, having contracted to sell his output to the Sweet Valley Wine Co., of Sandusky, Ohio. Detroit—Walter L. Abate, Benjamin W. Marvin and Justice R. Pearson, all of Detroit, have incorporated themselves as the W. L. Abate Brass Works, for the purpose of manufacturing and sell- ing brass goods of all kinds. The cap- ital stock is $10,000, 25 per cent. of which is paid in. Charlotte—M. E. Miller has sold his interest in the Webster, Cobb & Co. lum- ber concern and with Fred Z. Hamil- ton will conduct a lumber yard here un- der the firm name of Miller & Hamil- ton. The latter has held the position of Engrossing Clerk in the Legislature for the past two years. ———*_ 0-2» _____- For Gillies’ N. Y. tea, all kinds, grades and priees, phone Visner, 800. Grand Rapids Retail Grocers’ Association. At the regular meeting of the Grand Rapids Retail Grocers’ Association, held at the office of the Michigan Tradesman Tuesday evening, Sept. 5, President Dyk presided. Thomas Whalen, grocer at the corner of Straight street and Butterworth avenue, applied for membership in the Association and was accepted. The Executive Committee reported that it could secure Danish Hall, on North Market street, two nights a month for $30 per annum, and recommended that the proposition be accepted. The report was accepted and the Committee was instructed to execute a lease for the hall, in case it could be secured on the terms stated. The Secretary read a letter from D. A. Boelkins, Secretary of the Retail Grocers’ Association of Muskegon, thanking the Grand Rapids grocers for the kind reception and generous enter- tainment received on the occasion of the thirteenth annual picnic. On mo- tion of Mr. Lehman, the communication was accepted and placed on file. A belated communication was also read from Charles Hyman, Secretary of the Kalamazoo Retail Grocers’ Asso- ciation, inviting the members of the Association to participate in the first annual picnic of the retail grocers of Kalamazoo. The Committee on Picnic reported that all the bills had been paid, but that not quite all of the collections had been effected, so that it would be necessary to defer the final report until the next meeting. Accepted. The Secretary reported that $123 was collected for the use of the gentlemen who undertook to secure a change in the present exemption laws and that $124 had been remitted. Inasmuch as the collections were made by the Commer- cial Credit Co., Mr. Lehman moved that a check for $10 be sent the company for its services, which was adopted. Mr. Lehman called attention to the fact that it had been a long time since the millers had issued a flour card and suggested that the Committee on Trade Interests bring the matter to the atten- tion of the local millers at once. Mr. Harris, chairman of the Committee, re- ported that he had already brought the matter to the attention of the millers. A member called attention to the fact that several of the grocery stores in his vicinity were kept open on Sunday and asked what could be done to compel an observance of the law. He was informed that the State law was ample to meet the situation, providing some one has nerve enough to make the requisite complaint. Mr. Brink stated that the same abuse existed in his vicinity, but he would not make complaint because it would cause trouble and the agitation which would ensue would naturally result in the loss of trade. Mr. Connelly thought the best way would be for the Secretary to notify each violater by card, calling his atten- tion to the law and warning him that he must desist keeping open on Sunday or the law would be enforced. The Secretary opposed this plan, call- ing attention tothe fact that letters from the Prosecuting Attorney, warning mer- chants to cease violating the law, had little effect. Mr. Lehman considered the question alien to the objects of the Association, holding that the prosecution of the offenders should properly be made by neighboring merchants and by the clerks who suffered by reason of the violation. Election of officers then being in order the chairman appointed Messrs. Gray and Connelly as tellers. The election resulted as follows: President—F. J. Dyk. First Vice-President—J. J. Wagner. Second Vice-President—E. D. Win- chester. Third Vice-President—— Chas. W. Payne. Fourth Vice-President—Peter Braun. Fifth Vice-President—Fred W. Fuller. Secretary—Homer Klap. Treasurer—J. Geo. Lehman. The election was in each case by unanimous vote, and those present ac- knowledged the election in pleasant speeches, thanking the Association for the honor and promising to serve the organization to the best of their abili- ties. Mr. Klap moved that an order be drawn on the Treasurer for $1 for the Treasurer’s salary for the past year, which was adopted. Treasurer Lehman reported a balance on hand of $373.58. He urged that the Executive Committee audit the books and accounts of the Secretary and Treas- urer before the next meeting. There being no further business, the meeting adjourned. A The Boys Behind the Counter. Adrian—-The Retail Clerks’ Associa- tion has secured the consent of thirteen of the leading merchants to close their stores at 6 o'clock, except Wednesday and Saturday evenings. East Jordan—-Garfield Myers, of Charlevoix, is now head clerk at Bridge & Nicholls’ hardware store. He was with Schley on the flag ship Brooklyn and participated in the destruction of Cervera’s fleet off Santiago. He was discharegd from the service for injuries received shortly after the battle. Ironwood—Louis J. Shafer, a regis- tered pharmacist from Grand Rapids, has taken a situation with the Ironwood Pharmacy. Mr. Shafer is also an ex- pert optician, being a graduate of the Detroit Optical College. Homer—A_ new clerk is employed in Andrews, Wells & Co.’s grocery store ; a lady clerk; a pasteboard lady clerk. She is one of the advertisements sent out by a soap manufacturing firm, but she stands behind the counter in the store and the washtub is concealed. One of our citizens walked into the store the other day when all the clerks were busy —all except the lady clerk. So the man sauntered up to the counter where she stood, and said, ‘‘Say, can you change a dollar for me?’’ Mt. Pleasant—Wm. Short, formerly with Chatterton & Son, is now in the grocery department of Butcher & Co. Adrian—Alf. B. Thompson has taken the position of prescription clerk in the Treat drug store. Petoskey—S. Rosenthal & Son have a new clerk in their house furnishing goods department in the person of Charles Holliday, formerly clerk in the dry goods department of the Alderton Mercantile Co., at St. Johns. Houghton—After a continuous service of twenty-nine years, Richard B. Lang has severed his connection with the Pope mercantile establishment to em- bark in the dry goods business for him- self, having secured commodious quarters in the new Shelden-Calverley block on Shelden street. He left Saturday for Chicago ona_ purchasing trip and will visit New York and other Eastern mar- ket centers before returning. Kalamazoo—Gilmore Bros. have a new clerk in their dry goods store in the person of R. E. Anderson, of Tecumseh. Homer—Ray Henshaw, who has _re- cently been in the employ of Buck & Scott at Hicksville, Ohio, has returned to Homer and taken a position as_ clerk in Geo. W. Feighner’s shoe store. Montrose———William Schlachter now has charge of the Burrows & Greenbaum store. Springport—Arthur Swift is clerking in E. Comstock’s grocery. WANTED A manufacturing establishment to locate in the village of Newberry, a flouring mill preferred, for which liberal inducements will be offered. For further particulars apply to the undersigned. FRANK SEYMOUR, Village Clerk, Newberry, Mich. « MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 5 (irand Rapids Gossip The Grocery Market. Sugars--The raw sugar market re- mains unchanged, with quotations. still on the basis of 4%c for 96 deg. test cen- trifugals, and 4 15-16c for 89 deg. test muscovadoes. Offerings, however, are light and few sales are made. The re- ceipts of raw sugars for the near future must come mainly from Java, as no other countries can send sugars until the new crops mature. Last month the cane crop of Hawaii for 1898-99 was about all har- vested and the sugar shipped to its des- tination in California or New York. The crop will exceed that of last year by twenty-five or thirty thousand tons. No very large business is being done in re- fined and, as the season of greatest de- mand is about over, only a fair business is expected for some time to come. The sugar war is on in earnest and consider- able cutting is being done by the inde- pendent refiners. Hards are unchanged, but softs are still being shaded 1-16@ Ke. The total stock of sugar in the United States is 184,643 tons, against 251,528 tons at this time last year. Canned Goods-—Seldom has the news from packing centers been so contradic- tory and seldom at this season has the actual output of some of the principal varieties been so uncertain. Scarcely a packer can tell yet what his output of corn and tomatoes is likely to be. It is sure to be short, but that is the only certainty about it. If the strong buying continues thirty days longer there will be scarcely any canned goods to sell. Peas are scarce and high and the output of the corn and tomato crop very uncertain and the high price of cans is quite an important thing. The markets in the United States on canned goods are barer to-day than they have been for ten years, and canned goods bought at to- day's prices will undoubtedly prove good purchases ina short time. Corn continues firm at about previous prices. Quotations have not advanced any, but prices are firmly maintained. The New York pack will not be one-half the av- erage, and there is much apprehension regarding the quality. Very little old stock is left, and what there is to be had is closely controlled, and buyers find difficulty in securing what is required to fill the orders for immediate con- sumption. The consumption of corn in this country last year was far in excess of the amount anticipated, and already large contracts have been made for new corn, which will reduce the holdings of the packers at the end of the season. Succotash is very scarce. It is too early yet to say what the pack will be, but canners are making preparations for more than an average pack. Regarding tomatoes there is no agreement in the statements concerning them. Some packers say they will have no difficulty in filling their orders, while others say they will be unable to fill one-half their contracts. It appears from this that the crop is very uneven and that it will be difficult to say what the output will be until the canning season is over. Dry weather has injured the crop in some sections, while in others the damage has been due to too much rain. California canned goods are high, but no advance has as yet taken place. Sardines are in moderate demand, with a reduction of from 2%@sc per case on the different grades. Indications point to a better run of fish for canning on some parts of the Maine coast. The situation on canned lobsters is unchanged. The pack- ing of clams on the Maine coast will be- gin about Sept. 15. The entire pack of Sockeye salmon has been sold, with the exception of a few thousand cases, which the packer is holding at 5c ad- vance over former quotations. The pack of this grade of salmon was larger than anticipated, owing to a larger run of fish the last few days of the season. Preparations are now being made for the fall pack of Columbia River salmon also. Owing to the late run of spring pack, fall pack will probably be larger than was at first expected. The pack of Alaska salmon will be large this year and packers will be able to fill their contracts in full. Dried Fruits—There is nothing of importance to say regarding the dried fruit business. The demand in some lines is good and quotations are firmly maintained on everything except peaches and apples. Owing to the cool weather, the grapes are ripening very slowly and shipments of raisins this year will be almost three weeks behind We strongly advise buying old raisins, as the difference in price between new and old goods will be very marked. Opening prices are expected daily and many sales have been made subject to opening prices. An advance of %c is reported on seeded raisins. Last Saturday Porter Bros. and _ the Fresno Home Packing Co. purchased at Fresno 125 carloads of 3 crown L. M. raisins. This practically cleans up the raisin pack of 1898. These goods are to be seeded, and as new seeded will not be in the market before the latter part of October, these goods will all go into consumption before then. Peaches are declining on the coast. The scarcity of cans has thrown back large quantities on growers’ hands, which are being dried, largely increasing the output and depressing prices. The quality is better than the average. The total output will exceed 1,500 cars, according to late esti- mates. Apricots are unchanged from previous reports and the outlook favors high prices during the season. The out- put will be small. The crop is about sold out, comparatively few remaining in first hands. Comparatively little business is being done, owing to the difference between buyers and sellers regarding prices; everything is held firmly up to quotations. The first ar- rivals of Persian dates will be in about Nov. 20. The first shipment of Smyrna figs is expected in this country in about thirty days. The quantity is said to be small and the quality uncertain. Re- ceipts of evaporated apples are heavy and prices are declining. Fish—The continued small supply of mackerel keeps prices up and_ limits demand. The prices now ruling are the highest for several years. There is an active consuming demand _ for codfish and stocks are probably ample for all requirements. Green Fruits—The light receipts of lemons, together with the small quantity now in sight, have caused a marked firmness in the lemon trade and some advances have taken place. Buyers an- ticipate a higher range of values during the remainder of the season. ‘Very few are coming forward now, as the season is about ended. Bananas are about the same as to price and demand. Rice—The market for domestic rice is a little stronger. Heavy rains have damaged the crop somewhat and also prevent the planters from shipping, con- sequently the light receipts and in- creased demand have strengthened the last season. market. Tea—The market is firm, with pros- pects of an increased business this month. Rolled Oats-—The rolled oats market is very strong and an advance is ex- pected. Millers are still heavily over- sold. : Molasses—There is a_ slightly better demand for molasses at full prices. -—~-0 | The Produce Market. Apples--None Such Pippin, Wagner and Cayuga Red Streak are strong at $2 per bbl. Cooking stock commands $1.50 per bbl. : Beets—-25@3o0c per bu. Butter—-Factory creamery is held at 21c and is in strong demand. Dairy grades command 12@18c, according to quality. The receipts of choice stock are very meager, in consequence of which the local trade is compelled to rely on creamery and such new dairy as is being withdrawn from cold storage. Cabbage-—4o0c per doz. Carrots---30@35c per bu. Cauliflower- $1@1.25 per doz. Celery—12@15c per doz. bunches. Crab Apples—-Siberian and Tran- scendent are in ample supply at 50@6oc per bu. Cranberries -$2@2.25 per bu. Cucumbers—Greenhouse stock is ex- hausted. Outdoor grown is so yellow and unsightly as to be scarcely market- able. Eggs—Local dealers pay 12'%c, case count, holding contied at 134%@l14c. The loss averages about a dozen to the case. Considering the warm weather which has prevailed for several days, receipts are in good condition. Grapes--Wordens and Concords com- mand 8@oc for 4 lb. baskets and 10o@12c for 8 lb. baskets. Honey Receipts of white clover are increasing, in consequence of which the yrice has receded to 14c. Dark amber aches 9c. Live Poultry—-The market is in good shape and is rapidly recovering from the lethargy incident to the warm weather. Broilers are in good demand at ioc. Fat hens are in fair demand at 7c, while medium hens are in strong de- mand at 8c. Spring ducks are in fair demand at 6c, while old ducks are taken in a limited way at 5c. Hen tur- keys find ready sale at gc. Large tur- keys are in good demand at 8c. Spring turkeys meet with ready sale at toc. Squabs are in active demand at $1.25 per doz. Pigeons are in fair demand at soc per doz. Muskmelons—-Osage and cantaloups fetch 60 per doz. Rockyfords command 60@7oc per bu. crate. The rains have come too late to prolong the crop much longer. Onions—s50@s5s5c per bu. for home grown. Pears-——-Very scarce. All choice va- rieties readily command $1.25@150. per bu. Small pears easily fetch $1. Peaches—Are coming into market in larger quantities than last week, but the offerings are still distressingly small, compared with the past twenty years. Barnards and Early Crawfords command $2@2.50. . Peppers—6oc per bu. Plums—Receipts are gradually dimin- ishing and the end is not far off. Green gages and Lombards command $1.20, while Purple are in strong demand at $1.50. Potatoes —-35@4oc perbu. The recent rains have come too late to help early varieties, which are getting scarce, but it is thought that late potatoes will be helped very materially. Squash—Home grown command 1c oa. Sweet Corn—7oc per doz. for Ever- green. Sweet Potatoes--$2.50 per bbl. for Baltimore Jerseys and $2 for Virginia. Tomatoes—so@45c per bu. The re- cent rains are causing the tomatoes to crack badly, which tends to injure their appearance and render them unfit for shipping. urnips—4o@soc per bu. Watermelons——Indiana Sweethearts command 12%@15c. Home grown are coming in freely, fetching 8@ toc. The Grain Market. Wheat has been depressed during the whole week, although the news was gen- erally stronger, for the winter wheat shortage is becoming more pronounced daily. The visible only showed a de- crease of 78,000 bushels against an_ in- crease of 1,220,000 bushels for the cor- responding week last year, while re- ceipts are not of such large size as was anticipated in the Northwest. Prices remained about the The varia- tion was not %c during the week and we have no doubt that this scarcity of wheat will make itself felt in all the markets. Corn has been very steady, as the continued hot weather has been very unfa: orable for a good crop. Oats have not changed any. If any- thing, a prevailed, owing to the poor quality of late thresh- ing. The quality is not near up to what it ought to be. Damage by wet weather is the cause. Rye keeps up its strength and, as the outlook now is, will remain strong. Flour trade, both local and domestic, is fair and prices are very steady, but Mill feed, ow- ing to the drouth, is also in good de- same. soon stronger tone has the tendency is upward. mand and prices are well sustained. Receipts by rail have been very lim- ited and show small movement of wheat, being only 35 cars (where double that amount was expected), 10 cars of corn, 3 cars of oats, 5 cars of rye and only 1 car of hay. The mills are paying 64c for new and 66c for old wheat. C. G. A. Voigt. > o> W. L. Lindhout has the sympathy of the trade in the death of his wife, which occurred Sunday, Aug. 27, as the result of an abdominal cancer. The funeral was held at the family resi- dence, 286 Jefferson avenue, Aug. 30, be- ing conducted by Rev. L. W. Sprague. The interment was in the Valley City cemetery. Deceased had been married to Mr. Lindhout ten years and was 62 years of age at the time of her death. __+$—~»-0 Pickles—Owing to the damage to the growing crop by drought, manufacturers of pickles have advanced their prices to $4 f. o. b. factory basis, establishing an advance per bbl. . A further ad- vance was contemplated, but the recent rains will probably help out the crop so that no higher prices may be expected. +~+eosm W. R. Brice & Co. have again opened their branch house in the city, locating at 9 North Ionia street. The business is in charge of W. J. Kane, who has been identified with the house for sev- eral years and has been in charge of the Grand Rapids branch for several seasons. of $1 ——_-»— es. C. L. Scoutten, of Pinconning, whose drug stock was partially destroyed by fire last Sunday, is again in business, having procured new quarters and _pur- chased a new stock from the Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co. Li Edwin J. Gillies is expected to arrive in the city next Tuesday and spend the week with the local representative of the house, J. P. Visner. This is the first time Mr. Gillies has ever visied Grand Rapids. Pc anes Lee M. Hutchins, Secretary and Treasurer of the Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., is spending a couple of weeks with his family at Bay View. ——_-_ > -<—_—_—_- Geo. F. Owen & Co. have removed from the corner of Louis and Campau streets to 40 South Division street. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WS Ab AS AS ASS AS AS AS AS AS AS ASS AS AF AS AS AA AS AS A AS AF As AS AF As As AS AS AA AS ASA AS aS a sa SEIN IN INIT I INI IN IN ID IN IV IN INI IN IV IV IV IN INI IY IV IPSN INI IY IY IY IVY ID) IW IY IV IN ID ID OY IV OV * VOIGT MILLING CO Proprietor © Deh | IP INIT IY PI III IN IN IN INI IN IN IN ID I IW IN IN IN IU IY IN IN IND FAS AS AS As Star and Crescent Mills Makers of High Grade Flour a Our oral cai Royal Patent Gilt Edge Crescent Calla Lily White Rose Star VY We are sole manufacturers of Flouroigt, an improved Whole Wheat Flour, with $6 AE WAS AAs AAS AAS Af A AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS A AAS AAs Ws AAS AAS WAS Ws AAS AS abs AS ud WANT AAN NANNY WS LAS AF AS AAS A) AF AF AAS AMS AF AAT AS AS AS AS AF AAS AAS AAS AF AAS AAS AAS A AAS AAS AAS AS AS AAS AAS AAS As As os the bran and all impurities eliminated We are large handlers of Bran, Middlings, Screenings and Corn and Oats Feed, which we sell on close margins. We gladly embrace this opportunity to thank our customers for past patron- age and to assure them that we shall undertake to merit a continuance of their confidence and esteem. VOIGT MILLING CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. FAS cy iA HANAN II AID PIN IN ID NID IN I 5 c 3 : : © 5 5 WS SSS SS A A AS AS WS AS AS AS AS as As ah AS AS AAS AAS AAS AAS AAS AA WAS AS AS WAS AS AS AS AS AS AS as as WHAT IIIT III INIT IT IN IIT ID ID INIT IV ID IN IN IV ID ID IN IN IN ID "Yara MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ons E Bements Sons F Bements Sons F Bements Sons F Bements Sons F Bements Sons lansing Michigan. lansing Michigan. lansing Michigan. lansing Michigan. Jansing Michigan. ments § ichigan. é EB lansing eme 5 Sons lansing Michigan. EB ons ments § Lansing Michigan. é EB ons ments § a lansing Michigan. ments Sons EB é EB Jansing Michigan. ichigan. lansing Mic S Sons E Bement 5 Sons t sing * Michigan. lansin en. mm é EB ~BHements Sons fansing Michigan. Bement Palace Steel Range agra - EpBementssons © Would You Like to Receive Our Stove Catalogue, Implement Catalogue, Bob Sled Catalogue? ae The output of our factory is higher in quality, greater in quantity and variety than that of any other plant in Michigan. Our goods are now handled by 1, 100 retail dealers in Michigan, but we would like to increase this list with your name. rg F. Bements Sons Jansing Michigan. E Bements Sons F Bements Sons F Bements Sons F Bements Sons F Bements Sons lansing Michigan. fansing Michigan. lansing Michigan. lansina Michigan lansing Michigan. G4 Uebijsil/ Sursve] SUID SOS uedigriW/ Sursue] SU0S Siuawa J uvdiqaiW Bursuey SUOS Sua FJ iW Susue] ity} Bi Ue. SUOS SqUuaWwag J qj WeOAPIW BUTSUE] SjUaula SU0S ToORPIW BUFSUEy SUOS Suse 7 gd Ueda) BUTSUET SJUQLU, SOS MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Devoted to the Best Interests of Business Men Published at the New Blodgett Building, Grand Rapids, by the TRADESMAN COMPANY One Dollar a Year, Payable in Advance. Advertising Rates on Application. Communications invited from practical business men. Correspondents must give their full names and addresses, not necessarily for pub- lication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Subscribers may have the mailing address of their papers changed as often as desired, No paper discontinued, except at the option of the proprietor, until all arrearages are paid. Sample copies sent free to any address. Entered at the Grand Rapids Post Office as Second Class mail matter. When writing to any of our Advertisers, please say that you saw the advertise- ment in the Michigan Tradesman. E. A. STOWE, Ep!Tor. "WEDNESDAY, - - SEPTEMBER 6, 1899. This Paper has a Larger Paid Circu- lation than that of any other paper of its class in the United States. Its value as an Advertising Medium is therefore apparent. SIXTEEN YEARS OLD. With the issue of last week the Tradesman completed its sixteenth year of publication. This week's issue, therefore, marks the beginning of the seventeenth year. Sixteen appear like a_ long time, measured by years, but consid- ered in connection with the career of the Tradesman, it seems but yesterday that the initial issue was sent out from the little room on the third floor of the years Fagle building not with fear and trembling, but in the confident belief that the venture would meet with the recognition and approval of the mer- chants it aimed to serve. The Trades- man did not owe its existence to a sud- denly-conceived idea, born of the neces- sity of its promoter, but was ushered into existence after years of painstak- ing investigation and_ consideration, undertaken while the editor was identi- fied with the daily press of Grand Rap- ids in reportorial and managerial capac- ities. Constant contact and association with the trade during this time enabled the writer to carefully study the situa- tion, with a view to acquiring such a knowledge of the needs and_ necessities of the retail merchant and the require- ments of the different sections of the State that the mistakes usually made by beginners might be minimized as much as possible. Mistakes were probably made, but they were not so many but that they were charitably overlooked by a generous constituency. The Trades- man was a success from the start—-not because the field was large or the local support was lavish, but because the pub- lication possessed genuine merit and succeeded in making a place for itself in the hearts and homes of the men and women it aimed to serve, from which place it has never been dislodged by the numerous rivals which have _ been launched at this and other markets. Ten papers have been started with the avowed object of supplanting the Tradesman in the Michigan field, but only two lusty youths are now in exist- ence, and neither has yet reached the age of two years. In point of paid circulation — the Tradesman has alwavs been particularly strong. Actuated by the theory that one paper_to a paid subscriber is worth more to an advertiser than ten papers sent out for nothing—and valued accord- ingly--the Tradesman has always pur- sued an aggressive campaign along these lines, in consequence of which its actual ‘| paid subscription list exceeds in number that of any other trade journal of its class in the United States. This result has been accomplished without the sub- terfuge of cheap trial subscriptions or the offering of premiums purporting to be worth more than the price of the paper. In all cases the publication has been placed on its merits, and on this basis it has made thousands of firm friends and staunch supporters, most of whom appear to act on the principle, ‘*Onee a subscriber, always a_ sub- scriber.”’ The Tradesman greets its readers this week with a new dress of type through- out, and has several other improvements in contemplation, which will be brought to the attention of its patrons from time to time. It has never been the custom of the Tradesman to announce its inten- tions beforehand. Every innovation is carefully considered before it is adopted. ‘Promise little, do much,’’ is a motto which is as applicable to the publishing as to the mercantile business. The Tradesman gladly avails itself of this opportunity to thank its patrons-- both subscription and advertising-—for the generous manner in which they have supported the publication ; its contribu- tors for the effective way in which they have presented their best thoughts ; its employes for the loyal service they have rendered the publication at all times and under all circumstances. It especially wishes to thank those volun- tary contributors who have undertaken to make this issue of the Tradesman the most interesting and valuable ever put out by a Michigan publication. © Mrs. M. R. Bissell, President of the Bissell Carpet Sweeper Co., commands the largest salary and probably enjoys the largest income of any woman in Michigan. She is a_ lady of excellent judgment in business matters and has well-defined ideas along charitable lines which she puts into practical execution in her own way. The most notable instance of her generosity is the estab- lishment of the Bissell House, a noble institution which was created by her for the purpose of counteracting the effects of ignorance and intemperance on the rising generation in that section of the city in which it is located. In order that the objects of the institution might be understood by the cohorts of the strike and boycott, Mrs. Bissell accepted an invitation to contribute a page to the labor day programme, including an engraving of the building and a portrait of herself. Her friends can imagine her feelings when she saw a copy of the programme and noted that the com- mittee in charge had deliberately under- taken to insult her by placing her arti- cle, her portrait and the engraving of her building directly opposite the an- nouncements of two breweries, appar- ently for the sole purpose of humiliating her as much as possible and giving her, and her co-workers to understand that, no matter how much they may seek to alienate the children of union men from the curse of ignorance and intemperance, the leaders of unionism will checkmate their efforts in all: possible ways and un- dertake to bring them and their work into ridicule and disrepute on every possible occasion, The upper leather trust appears to be on top; but it has no sole in it. AN EXPENSIVE HOLIDAY. There is probably no line of trade subject to so serious demoralization on account of interruption as that of the dealer in perishable fruits. In most of the other lines of supply and demand there may be idle intervals without seri- ous damage, as the products do not reach a stage at which they must be utilized promptly or lost as, in the case of fruits and similar products. Long habit en- ables the weekly occurrence of Sunday to be prepared for and managed with- out seriously interfering with the busi- ness routine, although its influence in arranging shipments and in timing the markets extends nearly through the week. The introduction of another hol- iday during the week is always a source of greater disturbance and _ loss, as it complicates the week’s routine usually timed to meet the requirements of Sun- day. To make the damage and_inter- ruption the most serious it is only nec- essary to make the holiday follow Sun- day, with the partial holiday of Satur- day to precede it. Thus the selection of labor day makes one of these triple interruptions, and it so happens that it is placed at the height of the fruit sea- son, as though it was designed to make all the trouble and damage possible. Midwinter and midsummer _ holidays taking their turns through the days of the week, are well enough, but — the Tradesman deprecates so unnecessary and senseless an interruption as this, introduced at a time and in a manner to work the greatest possible inconven- ience and injury. More demoralization has been oc- casioned in the market this week by this holiday than is likely to occur from any other cause during the season. Know- ing that the stores would be closed dur- ing the afternoon, and that the average consumer would require very meager supplies, because the hired girls have come to consider labor day one of their holidays on which they are not expected to wash or can fruit or perform any du- ties out of the usual order, very little fruit or vegetables were offered at the Monday market. Tuesday there was a rush of over-ripe plums and other fruits and the market was so demoralized that it will take several days to recover from the glut and havoc caused by three days of comparative inactivity. The loss to producers by an interruption of this kind is without any redeeming features. It is a case of missed opportunity which can not be retrieved, and the loss to the dealers in less marketable stuff and broken prices is sti!l more serious. A healthy trade for both dealer and pro- ducer is one maintaining the greatest steadiness of prices. DONE IN SIX DAYS. It has been usual with the Trades- man, as with all similar publications, in issuing an extra large edition, to be- gin the task of preparation and_print- ing a fortnight or more before the week of publication, on account of the great amount of labor involved in getting out such a paper. Thus a portion of the large edition is usually printed before the preceding regular issue in order to bring the work of the week within the facilities of the office. In the current issue of the Tradesman, however, circumstances led to a depar- ture from this mode of procedure. It was the intention of the publishers that this anniversary issue should be only moderately large, and about forty pages was considered as likely to meet the re- 'quirements, so the work of execution was left to be done during the week of publication. On account of the hearty and unexpectedly liberal response of both contributors and advertisers, how- ever, it soon became apparent that the edition must be made equal in size to the largest ever issued. Only the most loyal assistance and hearty co-operation of a large force of trained employes and the most complete and perfect machinery in every depart- ment could make such a _ task possible. A few years ago, when type was set by hand, enough printers for the emer- gency could not have been obtained. Then, also, the correspondingly small facilities in the press and bindery de- partments would have been insufficient. On Thursday morning, after last Wed- nesday’s issue had been mailed, the work of composition was begun and soon one, and then another, and finally a third, of the four fast cylinder presses constituting the equipment of — the Tradesman office were put at the work. As soon as a section of sixteen pages was printed on both sides, requiring two runs through the press, the work of the folding machine began. Four of these sections had to be folded separately and then the cover had to be folded by hand, to complete each copy of the paper. Not until all the printing and folding were completed could the work of gath- ering and binding begin, requiring a large force in that department. To be sure, it has been necessary to run even- ings until a somewhat late hour, but, with this exception, the work has been completed within six working days. Not only was the entire work of print- ing, which also included the ** breaking in’’ of a new dress of type, done in the limited time stated, but the work of il- lustration, -including nearly all the por- traits, several of the large engravings in the advertisements and many of the smaller ones, was also done by the Tradesman’s engraving department dur- ing the same time, and that without se- riously interfering with its regular work. The Tradesman is not usually given to sounding its own praises, but can scarcely refrain from calling attention to the magnitude of the undertaking, and may be pardoned if it ventures the as- sertion that there is no other printing, engraving and bindery establishment in the State which can duplicate this achievement. ee The Tradesman has received frequent enquiries of late relative to ,the Bristol Mercantile Agency, of Milwaukee, which has an agent among Michigan mer- chants and shippers, soliciting member- ships on the basis of $30 per-year. The Tradesman has been unabje to obtain any very definite information concern- ing the agency, but all the reports thus far received are of an unfavorable char- acter, based on the indiffgrence with which the ‘‘members’’ are treated as soon as the $30 membership fee is paid over to the agent of the institution. The Tradesman will continue its investiga- tion of the subject, with a view to ac- quainting its readers with the exact character of the organization. On gen- eral principles it is well for merchants to use due caution in dealing with strangers, whether they represent collec- tion agencies or any institutions whose responsibility can not be ascertained through the mercantile agencies. There is no knowing how much prin- ciple an officeholder may sacrifice in order to keep his job. The man who has no principle in politics gets along most comfortably. ai a\ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 9 This map shows the Independent Telephone toll lines now in operation, except that the broken lines indicate that construction is not yet completed. There are over 30,000 Independent Telephones in service in Michigan. r INDEPENDENT TELEPHONE TOL LES a8 STATS OF LOWER MICHIGAN. Published by CITIZENS TELEPHONE COMPANY GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. August, 1899 Lake GRAND HA BENTON St. Granger SOUTH BEND 10 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MICHIGAN FRUIT. Why It Has Outstripped the Output of Sister States. Michigan has peculiar advantages as a horticultural State. She occupies an unique position with reference to mar- kets. We can not acknowledge that any one fruit has precedence over others in importance, but we do know that our climate and conditions are such as to allow us to grow a very wide range of fruits for our own use and for market. Long ago our climatic advantages be- came known to the most progressive people in our State, and the early suc- cess of the few who grew fruits for the West and Northwest that could not be profitably grown elsewhere in our lati- tude was made known to the general planter in Michigan through the efforts of societies organized and maintained for education along horticultural lines. Our development as a fruit growing State has been largely due to organiza- tion. We have outstripped our sisters in many things because the elements of success not been confined to the few, but have been disseminated freely and liberally to the many. have Sixteen state in the Union was so well organized horticultur- ally as the State of Michigan. The State Society was at the head of its class and auxiliaries had been organized all over the Southern Peninsula. The State was liberal in furnishing free publications upon horticultural subjects so that the experience of the very best growers, as given to the meetings of the State Hor- ticultural disseminated freely and widely over the whole State. The immediate result of this was the development of experts in fruit growing in all of the leading localities suited to the culture of different varieties of fruits. The generosity of the State and the open-handed methods of the socie- ties awakened the same generous spirit among the growers everywhere and there were no secrets in horticulture that were kept from the masses. To this fact is due the success of our State in coming to the front as a fruit-growing common- wealth. years ago no Society, was Perhaps during the last sixteen years the most rapid progress in horticulture has been along the line of the marketing of fruits. We have learned the impor- tance of strong, attractive packages. The growers have become — successful not only in developing the best fruits for market, but they have become good business men, improving their methods anc increasing their margins. Grand Rapids for some years has enjoyed the enviable notoriety of being, for the grower, the best peach market in Amer- ica. This result was brought about by systematic advertising of the fact that we had the best fruits in sufficient quan- tity to attract buyers; and we were in- dependent enough to say to the handlers of fruits, ‘‘If you want our product, come to us.’’ This has simplified the whole marketing process. The growers bring their fruit to the market, sell to the buyers, get their checks and go home with a finished transaction. This method which has become so_ successful at Grand Rapids has spread toa consid- erable portion of Western Michigan and the habit is growing among the produ- cers of selling their products at their doors. In this manner the producers are enabled to give their best thought to the production of the fruit which best meets the demands of the market, and do_ not trouble themselves over the matter of dealing with the commission men of a dozen markets and have no anxiety con- cerning returns. Another point in which we have made very rapid progress, recently, is the one of growing a better quality of fruits. In every fruit growers’ meeting the ques- tion of quality has assumed more im- portance in these later years and we are coming to require the growing of varie- ties that meet the demands of a culti- vated taste. We not satisfied to plant simply the most productive variety, but it must be good to eat. We have so perfected our methods of shipping that varieties which a few years ago were scarcely grown because of tenderness in shipment are now handled successfully and reach the homes of the consumers without blemish. In no one direction has greater prog- ress been made than in the careful culti- vation of fruit plantations. The old plan are rank. This general recognition of the importance of science in practically helping the fruit grower to larger suc- cess has been awakened and maintained by the organizations devoted to horticul- ture. This fact has become so widely known that the visitor desirous of learn- ing the facts of Michigan fruit growing, upon finding a locality in which there has been special success, always en- quires, ‘‘ What society have you here de- voted to*fruit interests?’’ The press has long recognized the importance of giv- ing technical information to its patrons in fruit growing districts, and every- where in our State local papers devote considerable space to reading matter re- lating to the horticultural development of their region. The most important development along horticultural lines in our State in the last sixteen years, however, has been of planting the trees and vines and _let- ting Nature do the rest has gone out of practice. The men who followed it have been compelled to seek other occupa- tions. It is only the good cultivator, the man who recognizes the rights of or- chards to be as well taken care of as fields of corn or potatoes, who succeeds and stays in the business. We have de- veloped wide areas in which the soil is given up almost entirely to the culture of fruits and for miles and miles the or- chards and vineyards are taken care of after the manner of the best gardeners. Fruit growers have succeeded because of their recognition of scientific prin- ciples, and in the diffusion of valuable information that has been utilized by the successful the Agricultural College and Experiment Station have taken a lead- ing part. The fruit grower who has not upon his table the bulletins of the State Experiment Station is not in the front the utilizing of horticultural informa- tion by the average householder. I mean by this that in the development of homes the peculiar adaptability of our climate to the growing of a wide range of attractive things for the table and for the embellishment of the homes has been taken advantage of by the people every- where, and we find inthe gardens of the citizens who have only small lots, as well as in the orchards and gardens of suburban residents and general farm- ers, examples of the broad range of products that can be grown. This shows itself as truly in roses and tender orna- mental plants as in fruits, and the rich- est results from the development of hor- ticulture in our State accrue to the fam- ilies who are engaged in building at- tractive homes, bringing to them a di- versity of fruits and adorning the prem- ises with attractive shrubs and annual and herbaceous plants that administer to the pleasure of living, thus developing a higher civilization, and a keen appre- ciation of the gifts of the creator. Rural life in Michigan, with its great climatic privileges and the many things that may be brought to contribute to a charming country home, contains with- in itself profits that can not be indicated by the dollar sign, and it is my convic- tion that upon this basis of a broad and highly developed horticulture we are building the most enlightened rural communities, which add to the strength of the commonwealth and _ its influence in the Nation. Charles W. Garfield. 2. __ Mark Twain on the Jews. The Jew is not a disturber of the peace of any country. Even his enemies will concede that. He is not a loafer, he is not a sot, he is not noisy, he is not a brawler nor a rioter, he is not quar- relsome. In the statistics of crime his presence is conspicuously rare—in all countries. With murder and other crimes of violence he has but little to do; he is a stranger to the hangman. In the police court’s daily long roll of ‘‘assaults’’ and ‘‘drunk and disorderlies’’ his name seldom appears. That the Jewish home is a home in the truest sense is a fact which no one will dispute. The family is knitted together by the strongest affections ; its members show each other every due respect; and reverence for elders is an inviolate law of the house. The Jew is not a burden on the charities of the state nor of the city; these could cease from their functions without affecting him. When he is well enough, he works; when he is_ incapacitated, his own people take care of him. And not in a poor and stingy way, but with a fine and large benevolence. His race is entitled to be called the most benevo- lent of ail the races of men. A Jewish beggar is not impossible, perhaps; such a thing may exist, but there are few men that can say they have seen that spectacle. The Jew has been staged in many uncomplimentary forms, but, so far as 1 know, no dramatist has done him the injustice to stage him as a beg- gar. Whenever a Jew has real need to beg, his people save him from the nec- essity of doing it. The charitable in- stitutions of the Jews are supported by Jewish money, and amply. The Jews make no noise about it; it is done quietly ; they do not nag and pester and harass us for contributions; they give us peace, and set us an example-——an example which we have not found our- selves able to follow. > 2.___ Bank Burdened with Silver Quarters. From the Chicago Chronicle. ‘I wish some one would tell me how I could get rid of this silver,’’ said the paying teller in one of the Chicago banks the other day. ‘‘I have in the vault $13,000 in quarters, and I can’t get anybody to accept them. ‘“‘Most of them come from the street- car companies,’’ he continued, ‘‘and they have piled up in the vault from month to month. I have fixed them up in nice little packages, tied them, with blue and pink ribbon, done everything to make them attractive, but all to no purpose. People don’t want them and won't take them. If it wasn’t for throw- ing the bank’s book out of plumb | might plant a few of the shiners where they would do the most good, but I can see no immediate hope for putting that solution into effect, not right away.’’ And he turned to give a customer a handful of paper money worth a few cents as it was turned out of the factory, but worth several hundred dollars to the man who accepted it. No demand for bushels of silver quarters, but active demand for all the paper money there is. Queer country, this United States. oeteneinieeeaes ‘ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 11 RICE AND MATHESON SUCCESSORS TO LAWRENCE & MATHESON |. ——— COMMISSION MERCHANTS AND seme WHOLESALE DEALERS IN ORANGES, LEMONS and BANANAS DATES, NUTS, FIGS, ETC. PRODUCE IN SEASON. | OUR REPRESENTATIVES «a | = CLIFF C. HERRICK, Traveling Salesman. O. W. HAGGSTROM, City Salesman. C. C. BUNTING, Mgr. Petoskey Branch. PACKERS OF THE CELEBRATED BRAND OF P&B. OYSTERS | 20 & 22 OTTAWA ST. | GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. » » OUR OFFICE FORCE B. C, PAQUETTE, Ass’t Manager. W. E. VOGELSANG, Head Book-Keeper. MISS I. CRONKHITE, Head Stenographer. W. H. BUCKLEY, Shipping Clerk. 12 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE FLOUR TRADE. Marvelous Changes of the Past Twenty Years. The writer has been actively engaged in flour milling for the past twenty years, during which time there have been many changes, not only in the construc- tion of mill building, arrangement and kinds of machinery, but also in the plans and methods of operation. Per- haps in no other kind of manufacture have the changes in all departments been so sweeping and so radical. Until the winter of 1878-9 millstones had been used exclusively in this coun- try for grinding wheat and reducing it to flour. It so happened that during the very first year in which the writer be- came actively interested in milling in this city the first roller mill in this country was built in one end of the Washburn Co. mill building in Minne- It was an experimental mill of 100 barrels’ capacity and was regarded as rather a wild departure. Its operation and products awakened the keenest in- terest among wide awake millers, to whom it soon became evident that rolls would eventually displace the time-hon- ored millstone. For the first few years, however, the change was very gradual, not only on account of the loss of time and expense to be incurred, but because many mill- ers were skeptical regarding yields and profits to be obtained. Then, again, a great many millers who did put them in used them only for breaks and clung to millstones for the final reduction of middlings. As a consequence, we had for several years in this country a great inany conglomerate mills which were neither one thing nor the other, so that the working out and away from mill- stones and gradually changing the mills over to conform to the roller system not only took several years of time, but also cost the millers of this country millions of dollars. To-day the use of rolls for the manufacture of flour is well-nigh universal. About twelve years before the intro- duction of rolls American millers began to give more careful attention to purifi- cation, which is really the central idea of milling. Work began along this line by experimenting with middlings, a product which the miller in those days made as small a quantity of as possible, and, having made them, they were con- sidered worthless for anything but the feed pile. Various methods and devices were used to eliminate impurities, some by gravity and others by blasts of air, until finally in the year 1870-1 a machine styled a middlings purifier was made by E. N. LaCroix for Geo. H. Christian, manager of the Washburn Mill at Min- neapolis, which was patterned after a machine Mr. LaCroix had seen in oper- ation in France. The success and value of the principle of this machine, as ap- plied to milling, has been phenomenal. Soon after the installation of the first machine Mr. Christian ordered another and near the close of 1871 a Mr. Archi- bald, of Dundas, secured a LaCroix purifier and began to experiment by saving the purified middlings and care- fully reducing them to flour. About 100 barrels of this refined flour was con- signed to Plummer & Co., of New York, a part of which was sold in New York and a part in Boston. This flour met with so much favor that within a short time the price of spring wheat patents had advanced $3 per barrel over their regular grades. Before the close of the year 1872 patent flour was selling in apolis. New York at $14 per barrel and wheat was ranging in price during this period at from 60 cents to $1 per bushel. This incident is a matter of well- known milling history and is simply mentioned here to bring out more clear- ly the origin and first marketing of pat- ent flour in this country and its effect upon the milling business. The great success won by the use of the middlings purifier was rapidly heralded over the country and winter wheat millers very soon began to use it until now it is con- sidered as indispensable for cleaning and purifying middlings as rolls are for grinding. Prior to the introduction of purifiers middlings were being rebolted and ground to some extent, but only a me- dium grade of flour was produced. The result of the purifier, therefore, has been to completely revolutionize the method the roll, as applied to milling, was _op- portune and has proven to be very effi- cient, not only in making more mid- dlings, but also making them in such a way as to gradually remove some of the impurities while they were being made and which were ground so fine when stones were used that it was impossible afterwards to eliminate them. Hence the roller process has been styled ‘gradual reduction milling’’ and the result has been a purer and whiter flour. As purification is the thought always to be kept in mind by the flour manu- facturer, the work should begin very naturally with the wheat berry itself and every successful miller very carefully se- lects the best line of wheat cleaning machinery he can find. During the past twenty years many improvemens have been made along this line until now a kernel of wheat in a of grinding, for the miller now, instead of making as small a quantity of mid- dlings as possible, is constantly striving to see how many good middlings he can make. This came about even before rolls were introduced, but not with so great a degree of success. However, such was the demand for high grade patent flour made from purified middlings that many mills changed from low to high grinding on millstones in order to produce more middlings. In other words, where mill- ers had been crowding through from twenty to thirty bushels of wheat per hour, the quantity was reduced in some cases to from seven to twelve bushels per hour, in order that by care- ful and more gradual reduction a larger quantity of middlings could be produced. As gradual and careful reduction seemed to be absolutely necessary in the production of middlings, the advent of first-class mill has the appearance of being planed and polished before it is first broken by the rolls, and yet there still cling to it andin the crease of the berry impurities which are taken out on the first break roll, so that in many mills the work done by the first break is sim- ply considered a continuation of the wheat cleaning process, for whatever flour is made on this break has a sort of blu- ish cast and is sent to the low grade reels. To further perfect the system of puri- fication so well begun by wheat clean- ers, middlings purifiers and rolls, the milling fraternity, and particularly the active mill builders and furnishers, have for the past few years been directing their attention mainly to the bolting sys- tem. The old-fashioned long hexagon reels have been for the most part fe- placed by shorter round reels, centrif- 'ugals or inter-elevator bolts of various sizes and styles, many of which are still in use and very favorably regarded. Along with this change another prin- ciple—that of the rotary sieve—has been successfully used for bolting and, as a result, we have the plan-sifter, the swing sifter, gyrator, hammock swing sieve bolter, the Columbus bolter, the Richmond sifter, the Universal bolter and numerous others; in fact, such is the variety of bolting devices of various kinds that millers are somewhat at sea in trying to choose between them, for while one miller is putting in machines applying the rotary sieve principle, an- other may be taking them out and_put- ting in round reels or a modification of them. The bolting system, therefore, is undergoing experimental changes and, as both the round reel and the rotary sieve have strong advocates, we must wait for the survival of the fittest, un- less a different principle or plan for sep- arating flour is found which shall super- sede them both. Various small devices helpful to the miller have been invented during this period, but those which have wrought the great changes have already been mentioned. Along with this complete chang in mechanial devices for milling has -me a more definite and complete arr: ‘‘e- ment of machinery, for which th «n- terprising mill furnishers and ill builders of this country are entitle: to much credit. The old-fashioned mill was a. 1- glomeration of machinery, elevat:: 3, spouts and bins, through some parts of which a man could scarcely crawl. ‘t was dirty and dusty and a regular fire- trap. The modern mill is as nea‘tv automatic as possible and is arrang -d on a systematic and definite plan; it .s kept clean, the elevators and machine , are in parallel lines and the building is so constructed as to reduce the fire hz. ard to a minimum. Changes in the com- mercial department have been quite «- radical as in the mechanical and _struc- tural. Twenty years ago the averag. miller of the country was doing chiefl a local business and whatever surplu. was manufactured beyond the needs o his local trade was consigned to a factor or broker in one of the large Easterr cities and sold on the market for the miller’s account, under some letter o1 brand designated by the commission man so that the miller rarely ever knew who the consumers of his product were or what they actually paid for it. The radical changes in flour mill ma- chinery came simultaneously with the gradual opening up and development of the vast area of wheat lands in the Northwest. The margin of profit in those days was large, the supply of wheat seemed inexhaustible and, with a growing domestic and foreign demand, it is no wonder that large sums of money were invested within a few years in con- structing mammoth merchant mills in different parts of the country where wheat could be advantageously obtained, until at last mill building seems to have been overdone and the business in some localities became unprofitable. This vast increase in output within a short time brought about the fiercest of com- petition and has led each individual mill owner to try to come into closer touch with the consumers of his product. The leading merchant millers of the country to-day are represented by sal- aried salesmen in the field and sell by far the largest part of their flour under their own mill brands, thus building up a permanent business and securing MICHIGAN TRADESMAN @ WeE GuARANTEE Our brand of Vinegar to be an ABSOLUTELY PURE APPLE- JUICE VINEGAR. To any person who will analyze it and find any deleterious acids or anything that is not produced from the apple, we will forfeit ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS We also guarantee it to be of not less than 40 grains strength. We will prosecute any person found using our packages for cider or vinegar without first removing all traces of our brands therefrom. Robinson Cider and Vinegar Co., Benton Harbor, Mich. J ROBINSON, [anager. This is the guarantee we give with every barrel of our vinegar. ou know of any other roduct with a GAR CO. Do manufacturer who has sufficient confidence in his output to stand back of his similar guarantee? OBINSON CIDER AND VIN No, the law does not trouble us; neither will it trouble you, Mr. Grocer, if you buy Silver Brand 4 Cider Vinegar. There are no better goods made than these. Sweet cider, prepared to keep sweet, furnished October to March inclusive. A strictly first-class article; no trouble from fermentation,burst- ing of barrels or loss by becom- ing sour. GENESEE FRUIT CO. LANSING, MICH. Date Stamp like this sent by mail anywhere for 20c. BLANK BOOKS! A good full leather bound Ledger or Journal, 600 pages, for $1.50. Other books from 5c to $10.00. Office Knickknacks, everything the office man need, excepting money, Letter Files, Bill Files, Document Files, Letter Presses, Copying Books, Typewriter sup- Sample of type. EPT. 1st, 1899 plies, Note Books, Paper and Ribbons. THIS FILE 20c. good Fountain Pen for $1.00 end other good ones for $1.50 0 $4.00 All Blank Forms, Notes, Drafts, &c., dated with 189— at Half Price. WILL M. HINE, Cor. Arcade & Pearl-St. GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. S The Leading Music House in Western Michigan. S > Juluis A. J. Friedrich - < - 30 and 32 Canal Street, ; Grand ‘Rapids, Mich. , DEALER IN A. B. Chase, Hazelton, Fischer, Franklin, Ludwig, Kingsbury and other PIANOS A. B. Chase and Ann Arbor Organs A full assortment of Sheet Music and Musical Merchandise. thing in the music line at lowest prices. Cata- logues sent free on application. Every- ALL OUF’S Bléndéd GONGES OURS; COFFEES DV (OST Ls THE J. M. BOUR 6O., Beat the world in the two greatest essentials to the retailer—QUALITY and PROFIT. Grocers who use them say that with our brands it’s once bought—always used. And we can sell them to pay you a handsome profit. It will pay you to get our samples and prices— that is, if you are in the business to make money. Some exceptional bargains in Teas just now. Write or ask salesman when he calls. 129 Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 113-115-117 Ontario St., Toledo, Ohio. 14 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN a uniform steady demand for their prod- ucts. : Margins of profit have been reduced to a minimum, and the miller who suc- ceeds now must know how to economize and cut the corners; in other words, he must have his business well in hand. It will not do to follow the old plan of making? an occasional yield and then run along in a haphazard sort of style, but he should so arrange to pack out and weigh his products as to know exactly how much wheat he is using to make a barrel of flour each day. Then, again, nothing must be allowed to go to waste, for it is the small leaks, particularly in a flour mill, which eat up the profits. It may be said, without fear of suc- cessful contradiction, that the people of this and every other country where flour is used have been greatly benefited by the radical changes made in the manu- facture of flour and in the development of the milling business during the past: twenty years. The result has been not only to produce purer but also cheaper bread, and while many small millers who could not afford to keep up with the procession have suffered in consequence, the masses have been greatly benefited. What the next twenty years shall bring forth the writer will not venture to pre- dict. In almost every line of business consolidation seems to be the theme of the hour and the milling business has not escaped. In different localities mill- ers have joined forces, but for the most part only those in the same immediate vicinity have united their interests. Recently, however, the United States Milling Co. has been incorporated, tak- ing in the mills of New York City, Syra- cuse, Buffalo, Milwaukee, Duluth and a part of those in Minneapolis. The mills of this new company have a daily capacity of about 50,000 barrels of flour and, by its organization, a_ certain amount of competition between large mills has been eliminated and a large saving can, no doubt, be effected in the manufacture of the output. The chief question after all, however, is who will be benefited and what will be the final result of a consolidation of the flour milling interests? For various reasons the writer has been skeptical about its being a successful business venture, but a beginning has been made and the question is before us for consideration. It has been said that he who makes two blades of grass row where one grew before is a bene- cs of his race, but it occurs to the writer that if the producer controls the grass and should ask everybody to keep off, the situation would be somewhat re- versed. In vast combinations of capital and energy there are great possibilities for good as well as evil and doubtless much of the suspicion of evil aroused by agi- tators against corporations has been un- warranted, and yet human nature is the same the world over—always selfish and grasping. Would it not be wise, there- fore, for our statesmen to frame and enact restrictive laws limiting the pow- ers of corporations wherever they are likely to become a menace to the public welfare? The manufacture of flour is, perhaps, the most important business of a world- wide nature, and if consolidation of milling interests is inevitable, let us hope that such legislation shall be en- acted as will give to the people their just share of the saving to be effected. William N. Rowe. and_ sale ———__> 4. There’s one trade combination that is sure to be sat upon—the chair trust. COAL TRADE. How It Has Developed in Thirty Years. S. P. Bennett, the pioneer coal deal- er, brought the first coal to Grand Rap- ids in a commercial way in 1869. . This coal was shipped by boat from Buffalo to Grand Haven, thence by river to Grand Rapids. By the time it was de- livered in the bins of the consumers it was a luxury indeed, costing about $15 per ton. In 1883 there were but three coal and wood yards in Grand Rapids. The total amount of coal of all kinds sold during that year perhaps did not ex- ceed twenty thousand tons; in fact, this would be a_ very. liberal estimate. There were ten or twelve wood yards at this time; in other words, perhaps a dozen places where wood could be pur- chased. However, nobody ever thought of. patronizing a wood yard unless it was impossible to obtain it at the pub- lic market. The wood dealers of 1883 eked out a precarious livelihood, their sales being confined to small lots on stormy days. It is impossible to furnish any authentic wood statistics, for the reason that nearly all of the wood used in Grand Rapids sixteen years ago was cut by farmers in the immediate vicin- ity. of Grand Rapids and hauled in by team, largely during the winter months. Many old residents will recall the time when hundreds of loads of wood, com- ing from all directions, were lined up on the old Waterloo street market and later on at the Comstock market. To- day a load of wood on the market is al- most a novelty. There are probably now two hundred places in Grand Rapids where wood can be bought and there are at least fifty concerns making a spe- cialty of wood. There are perhaps a dozen companies in Grand Rapids which sell five thousand cords or more per annum each. Notwithstanding this wonderful evolution in the wood busi- ness in sixteen years, it is of little im- portance compared with the growth of the coal trade, which has reached such gigantic proportions that few people have any conception of its magnitude. There are now in Grand Rapids twenty- five legitimate fuel dealers, handling a total of not less than two hundred thou- sand tons of coal and one hundred thou- sand cords of wood perannum. That the casual reader may form a clear concep- tion of what these figures represent let us analyze them: This amount of fuel represents in dollars and cents nearly a million dollars to the manufacturing industries and householders of Grand Rapids per annum-—in round numbers twenty-five hundred dollars a day. If this vast amount of fuel were to be placed in cars at one time it would make 785 trainloads of thirty-five cars each. To be more graphic, it would re- quire one hundred and forty-five thou- sand wagons to load all this fuel at one time, which, if drawn up in line, would form a procession reaching from Lake Michigan to the Atlantic Ocean. It is not our intention at this time to esti- mate the number of men gaining a live- lihood from this industry. Suffice to say, if we include the wood choppers, min- ers, railroad employes and _ teamsters, together with other employes directly and indirectly, the coal industry of Grand Rapids to-day is not to be over- looked; in fact, it is one of the chief mercantile pursuits of Western Michi- gan and the Valley City and is constant- ly growing in importance. Arthur S. Ainsworth. SAS SEE CECI SIO SECIS bananas Lemons Oysters Are specialties which I desire to se- ws ws Rone Sa= Ja) SEES Syn] : wees fom TNE Bak f Ry ey cure your orders for and will make I will give good values in every instance. | Frank |. Lawrence % North Ionia Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. close prices to prompt payers. ares Ze) AE SASSOAISS Ss CT SASS ASN KASS FES RAE SEE RSS SSES TSS Ss eS Kae Wholesale Manufacturers of — Pants, Overalls, Shirts, Duck Coats And Jobbers of Cotton and — Woolen Fabrics 61 and 63 Market Street, 30 to 36 Louis Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 15 Dry Goods The Dry Goods Market. Staple Cottons-The staple cotton sit- uation is but little changed and contin- ues firm. On some lines prices have advanced. The immediate supply is unusually small, and there are more lines in which there is absolutely not a piece on the market than there have been in years past. This last is espe- cially true of heavy brown sheetings and drills. Of late there is a decided scar- city in four-yard sheetings, which are very much oversold. In other heavy sheetings the market is strong, and _ the light weights are improving. Duck is firm, with an occasional advance, and is meeting with good _ sales. The bleached goods situation is unchanged, with the demand steady and an occa- sional advance. Shirtings and cam- brics are the leaders. Ticks and den- ims are scarce, and are both very firm. Prints and Ginghams-—-Fancy calicoes have met with a very fair demand dur- ing the past week and, although the buying has been distributed, and some of the agents have had little business in this line, the rule is that all are very well satisfied. The agents who are dis- satisfied with the amount of business during the past week are talking of a drop in the price. In fact, already some dealers have made discounts. But as this is not the general rule, we do not believe that the present firmness of the market will be shaken to any consider- able extent. No fear has been expressed by the agents who are sticking to their price, for they say that they are ina better situation in regard to their fancy calicoes to-day than they have been at the same date for years past. Their sales have been so large and in such a goodly number as to make them very well pleased with the situation, and hore that all seasons will be as good as the present one. Dress Goods-—-The bulk of the activity and interest in the dress goods market to-day is centered in the jobbing de- partments. There is no denying the fact that jobbers are hungry for goods, and that they are doing their best to satisfy their appetite. They are buying as they have not bought for years, eclipsing in some respects their opera- tions of a year ago. They are not wast- ing their time in doing a lot of unneces- sary shopping, but are buying wherever they feel prices and goods are right. Manufacturers are generally very well engaged, and not a few are operating nights in an endeavor to catch up with deliveries, some of them being weeks behind in that respect. Everybody is buying fancy backs, the business there- on being unprecedented. Crepons and homespuns are likewise good sellers, while rough-faced effects, such as chev- iots, are well taken care of. Camel’s hair goods are also doing well, and the same may be said of venetians. Hosiery--Buyers are plenty in the hosiery market and the importers in particular are having their hands full. Buyers are placing orders with more freedom, yet they are conservative in their selections. It is not difficult to se- cure fair prices for well-finished goods or for fancy hosiery that is in good taste, but other lines are lagging. Seamless hosiery is moving in an inter- esting fashion, and the demand for high and low grades continues to be ahead of the supply. Prices are firm in all di- rections, and in no line of hosiery is weakness to be found. Carpets—The uncertainty regarding future conditions no longer affects the carpet manufacturers, and they have in general on nearly all lines of carpets advanced prices recently, and while it is not expected to materially increase the duplicate orders from this time on, the mills are all busy endeavoring to complete orders in time, and not be obliged to carry some of them over (as they did previously) into another sea- son. They want the orders which were taken before the latest advances out of the way in order to take full advantage of the higher price. Wool and C. C. in- grains have received a larger share of attention thus far this season, as com- pared with last year, and while it is true the granite ingrains are selling freely, the competition has not been felt so keenly as during the past few years, as the increasing demand has been felt by all branches of the carpet industries. Reversible Brussels 4-4 goods, made with a hemp warp and jute filling, made with solid centers anda border, have sold well. They are in a_ variety of colors; greens, terra cottas, reds, blues and maroons are the leaders in this line, and are sold in four and five frame, ranging in price wholesale from 45 to 55c. There are also some special lines of extra supers offered in what are known to the trade as the mogul weave, and sold at the same price as the regu- lar extra supers. The majority of the designs are on the Moorish order in Oriental colors, including greens, reds and browns. Three-ply standard . in- grains are also receiving a fair share of attention from buyers who want full value for their money. Rugs-—-Continue active and manufac- turers engaged on this line of carpeting anticipate one of the most successful seasons they have experienced in years. The jute rug market continues quite ac- tive at a price, while the outlook ahead is a little more encouraging to the job- bers and manufacturers, as mills mak- ing the cheap grades can not at the present time fill their orders on 30x60- inch sizes. The larger jute rugs are slow of sale, as the demand _ still con- tinues on all-wool Smyrna rugs in the carpet sizes. This latter line is expected to advance in price under the stimulus of the increasing demand. With the more general improvement in business, the large jobbers report an increasing demand for the better grades of carpets. Brussels carpets are commencing to share in the improvement, although at old prices. —_—__» 0.» — Warm Friend and Esteemed Caller. Vetzell, Aug. 30--In your issue of Aug. 23 we read of the death of our friend, A. L. Braisted. The portrait published in connection therewith is true to life. We remember him as one of our warmest friends, and when in Mancelona he was one of our most es- teemed callers. We shall miss him very much and wish to extend to his family our most heartfelt sympathy. Wetzell Mercantile Co. ANERIGAN CARBIDE CO, Lid Calcium Carbide and ali kinds of Acetylene Gas Burners Distributing agents for The Electro Lamp Co.’s especia.ly prepared Carbide for bicycle and por- table lamps, in 1, 2 and 3 pound cans. Orders promptly filled. Jackson, Michigan. gterrerererrererterrrttttt The High Band Turn Down collar is here to stay. So great is the demand for them that a leading authority claims that the makers of collars will be unable to fill orders taken. We are more fortunate than some others We have them to deliver. Price $1.10 per dozen. Volat, Herpolsheimer & 60., Wholesale Dry Goods Grand Rapids, Mich. PSS EEE EE EE EET EEE TTT hhh hhh h-hh h-hh 4 $d} oh 9-4-4444 > These cool evenings that we are having remind us that outing flannels will soon be in demand. Our fall line has arrived. We have remnants, short length and piece goods. Remnants at qc. Short lengths from 4 to 7c. Piece goods from 4to7%c. They are bright stripes and plaids. Come in and inspect our line. P. Steketes & SONS Wholesale Dry Goo's, pids, M‘ch. d Are Your Robes Assorted? It’s hard to tell whether your stock of robes and blankets is sorted up to please all of your customers Our descriptive catalogue and price list shows at a glance what you have or have not bought. It’s valuable to have on hand to clinch a sale, sometimes Send for it. Dewey Robe — A mighty seller. Shows a good profit and makes sat- factory sales. BROWN & SEHLER, Grand Rapids, Michigan. JEROME C. MAYNA CHARLES L.REED. GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. : : : : : : i M. Reynolds & Son, Manufacturers of Asphalt Paints, Tarred Felt, Roofing Pitch. 2 and 3 ply and Torpedo Gravel Ready Roofing. Galvanized Iron Cornice. Sky Lights. Sheet Metal Workers and Contracting Roofers. Grand Rapids, Mich. Office, 82 Campau st. Factory, 1st av. and M. C. Ry. ESTABLISHED 1368 Detroit, Mich. Foot rst St. 90000000 00009000000000 Ds ed neninnenin 9000000000000 00000000 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN BANKING INTERESTS. Why They Should Co-operate for the Common Good, The banking interests of Grand Rap- ids to-day reflect, and participate in, the general prosperity of the city and that portion of the State of which Grand Rapids is the commercial center. I pre- sume that there is no place elsewhere so accurate a_ record of the volume of actual business transactions of a city can be found as in the Clearing House, where the bank items are daily ex- changed and recorded. The amount of water passing through the meter, the lake tonnage passing through the docks at the Soo, are no more accurately meas- ured and registered than is the relative volume of a city’s commerce through the daily debit and credit clearings of its banks; so let me quote for compar- ison some totals from the Clearing House records, to illustrate and prove the growth and progress of our city: Total clearings for six months ending June 30, 1896, $20, 476, 148. Total clearings for six months ending June 30, 1897, $18,662, 457. Total clearings for six months ending June 30, 1898, $24,005,704. Total clearings for six months ending June 30, 1899, $28, 113,910. We often lose sight of actual progress made, | think, in our daily business, because of its being so steady and grad- ual, a process of evolution. Ask a bank- er to tell you of something new in_ his line and he will be puzzled to think of anything worth mentioning, and yet the bankers are keeping up with other pro- fessions and lines of business, in enter- prise, spirit and methods. [I want ta call attention to one tendency and spirit that has grown up in the banking busi- ness and profession of late years and that is the spirit of association, confer- ence, practical helpfulness and conti- dence among banks. Take, for illustra- tion, that splendid national organiza- tion, the American Bankers’ Association, which holds a three days’ session this week in Cleveland. | note a single item in the- program as_ showing the s irit and tendency of thought to be presented : Mr. Cannon, Vice President of the Fourth National Bank of New York, wil! present a paper on ‘‘ The possibilities of banking co-operation under a uniform system of credit departments and stand- | ardized property statements. ”’ | The spirit of this great central organ- ization is carried back and_ finds tical expression through the various state bankers’ associations. I think every state has one, where the bankers of each state get closer together, meet and know each other and discuss questions of com- mon and practical interest to the banks and their customers, exchange and com- pare ideas and formulate and agree up- on progressive ‘and better methods of transacting business. The spirit and results of these annual state meetings have been found so excellent that a lan is in operation for dividing the states into districts and organizing several groups or branches of the State Associa- tion and holding several meetings dur- ing the year. Michigan has adopted this plan and one very successful and_inter- esting meeting of the Grand Rapids sec- tion was held in this city last winter. I think the bankers present—and there were a large number from Western Mich- igan, with visiting delegates from De- troit and Port Huron—remember the oc- casion with great pleasure. This group are invited to meet at Muskegon next prac- month and | am sure that it will be good for the bankers of the district to be there, and for Muskegon to have them there. So much for the spirit of fraternity and association among the bankers of the State and Nation; but perhaps what is of more importance to the business interests, as well as to the banks of Grand Rapids, is the progress that has been made in the same spirit and direc- tion in our own city, and as it perhaps is most apparent in the organization and growth of the Clearing House, I will re- fer to that briefly : In 1886 there were seven banks in this city, each flying its own flag, doing business over its own counter. Messen- gers were sent out daily from each with items to be cashed over the counters of each of the others; but, following in the example of larger cities, an organization was entered into in 1886 for an exchange the doors of the banks from one end of the land to the other had it not been for the heroic courage of the Clearing House in New York in putting behind forty-two millions of Clearing House cer- tificates the entire enormous assets of the associated banks of New York and using these certificates in the place of cur- rency, which absolutely could not be had. Nota solvent bank was allowed to close its doors; panic and ruin, not alone to New York but to the whole country, were averted. The Clearing House certificates were gradually called in, confidence was restored, and now 1893, that bankers’ nightmare, is well- nigh forgotten. To those, however, who were most deeply interested, the splen- did possibilities and service of associa- tion among banks for mutual help and protection, as illustrated in the heroic work done by the Associated Banks of of items by the messengers of the banks at one time and place-—’'A Clearing House,’’ only that and nothing more. Later the idea of an association of the banks for mutual help and assistance de- veloped into a little closer organization, and through it most timely and efficient assistance was extended to a member in temporary difficulty through the unrea- sonable fright of its depositors. This lesson of the benefit of associa- tion among the banks of the city for mu- tual help and strength in times of need has never been forgotten. 1 have often wondered whether even the business men of the country understood or appreciated the splendid service rendered to America by the Clearing House or Associated Banks of New York City during July and August—those months of black Fridays —in 1893. No man can conceive or im- agine the chaos and destruction of credit and confidence that would have closed New York in that emergency, will never be forgotten. Pardon the digression. The bankers of Grand Rapids have just completed a re-organization of their Clearing House Association. In my judgment, no more progressive step has been taken in years for the benefit of the business interests of our city—yes, of Western Michigan. Let me quote the purpose of the Association as set forth in the new Articles of Association : The object of this Association is to promote the interests of its members. To that end it shall encourage a spirit of harmony and confidence between its members; shall invite and furnish the opportunity for conference about matters of common interest and shall seek to secure, so far as possible, prompt, safe and uniform methods in the transaction of business. The members shall confer and act together in times of financial stringency or disturbance and, so far .as may be, strengthen general credit and confidence in and among its members ; shall arrange for effecting at one time and place the daily exchange between the members, and for the payment of the balances resulting from such exchanges, and may make provision for the issue and temporary use of Clearing House certificates when necessary for such pur- pose. It is apparent from a reading of this that the old idea that our Clearing House is merely the daily meeting of the young messengers of the several banks to ex- change checks and jokes is not down to date. The Association includes nearly every bank and trust company in the city, and when a meeting of the Asso- ciation is called to consider and act up- on any financial matter of common inter- est, with the members represented by the best men among their officers or di- rectors, the decision must be conserva- tive and well considered and entitled to respect and confidence in the commu- nity. The power is conferred by the new constitution to issue Clearing House certificates, if a time of need should ever come to any bank member of the Association. I hope that we may never need to test the helpfulness of this pro- vision, but times of unreasoning fear and panic may come upon the depositors of any bank—although absolutely solvent— then in a time of sudden need the entire strength of all the banks and trust com- panies of the Association in an hour’s time can be placed at the disposal of the one in need. The old adage that the measure of strength is the weakest point will be reversed. The weakest (solvent) member will, if needed, have the strength of all. This business community has never before had the safety and protection of the associated concentrated strength and power of all our splendid financial insti- tutions organized and equipped ready at a moment’s notice to do whatever is necessary to maintain the credit and pre- vent the loss and fright that would fol- low the embarrassment of even the young- est or smallest bank in thiscity. I may be optimistic, but | believe that the lo- cal spirit of co-operation, conference and fraternity promises much for the safety and progress of the banks and financial institutions of our city in the years to come, and when | speak of prosperity and success to our banks, that simply means the success and prosperity of all legitimate business, for as the Clearing House exchanges are the meter or register of the volume and flow of a city’s commerce, so are the banks but the heart or center from and through which pulses and flows the life-blood of a community's business. Weaken or blight the centers, and the remotest ex- tremities must suffer loss. It is simply patriotism to bring to the management and support of the banks the best abil- ity and strictest integrity to be found among the citizenship of our city. While the golden rule is not adopted or re-enacted in terms as one of the rules of the Clearing House, yet something of its spirit is involved in the objects of the Association, and 1 feel sure that among banks, as anywhere else, union for the common good must give greater strength, courage and prosperity to all. Jas. R. Wylie. —_—_ 0-2 The Real Thing. Mrs. Winkley—Is your brave man? Mrs. Bronston—I should say he was. Why, once he jumped right in front of a swiftly-moving train and saved a little child from what seemed certain death. Oh, that’s no indication. Would he have courage enough to grab the cat when it was having a fit and throw it out of the house? husband a sete eee MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 17 A Two-Sided Business COMPETENT OPTICAL DEPARTIENT WATCHES SILVERWARE JEWELRY Positively the Finest Line in Grand Rapids is here. Our per- sonal guarantee of rightness with every article we sell. where Eyes are tested free of charge by an Expert Optician, and Glasses made that fit perfectly. Our guarantee with every pair. J. C. HERKNER JEWELRY COMPANY Grand Rapids, Michigan 57 Monroe Street PM THE LEADING HOTEL OF GRAND RAPIDS. FER J. BOYD PANTLIND, PROPRIETOR. RUNNY ae Grand Rapids, Michigan. : see HEAD OF MONROE STREET #44 OPPOSITE THE PARKS. ee4 FIRST-CLASS—s#2 00 PER DAY. See Try it yourself and send your family when they are coming to the city. Sts = HENRY D. IRISH PROPRIETORS I. C. SMITH. AAAARAAR AAAAAAAR AAR AAA AAR AAR AAA AAA AAA AAA AAR AAA AA | THUM’S CIDERINE| It's a great satisfaction to us to an- nounce that we have the Original Preparation. for preserving Cider. Youve heard of it before. It is re- &% cognized as a standard article by every fruit grower in Michigan. Ciderine is its name. People have tried to im- itate Ciderine—they imitated the bot- tle and lable all right, but they couldn’t make the stuff that would keep the Cider. Enough in one bot- tle to preserve a whole barrel of cider, and the price is only 35 cents. Thum’s Ciderine Have it in stock when the cider sea- son opens; write to your Jobber or to us for quantity prices. WALTER K. SCHMIDT, Prop., : THUM’S GERMAN PHARMACY, 84 CANAL STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. = RESESSS AS} ONG q as ee a 75 ATTENTION DEALERS IRS If you are looking for a Good Line of Vehicles at reason- able prices, write to us for our Catalogue and Price List. IAGE CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. 18 & MICHIGAN TRADESMAN TELEPHONE SERVICE. Wonderful Growth of the Independent Movement. The telephone was first brought to the attention of the general public at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia in 1876, and as a scientific curiosity at- tracted much attention. During the next four years it was demonstrated to be of practical value, and the control of the patents necessary to give a monopoly of the invention was secured by a company organiazed as the American Bell Tele- phone Co., with its main office in Bos- ton— the name Bell being adopted be- cause of the importance of the inven- tions of Elisha Graham Bell. The par- ent company decided not to build or operate telephone exchanges, but to promote branch or licensee companies in states or districts, to which the tele- phones would be leased at large annual royalties and under ironclad contracts that they should not use other instru- ments nor do business with any com- pany using other than the Bell Co.'s in- struments. Among these branch or subordinate Bell companies was, and is yet, the Michigan Telephone Co., which, while not owning a complete telephone, has for twenty years been doing business in Michigan and until within about four years has had a complete monopoly of the telephone business of the State. It built exchanges in the cities and larger towns of the State; later it constructed toll lines quite extensively in that por- tion of the State south of the Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad; it made ex- change service rates in Detroit $72 to $120 for business and $50 and upward for residences; in other portions of the State the office phones averaged over $50 and residence $40, the Grand Rap- ids rates ranging from $50 to $120 per instrument for business places, the county paying for years $120 for the County Farm telephone ; it issued stock to the amount of $2,500,000, which sold at various prices, and for years paid 6 per cent. dividends upon the same. It was not until 1894 that, owing to certain important patents having ex- pired, it found itself threatened with competition. Its general officers and exchange managers explained that it was impossible to do business at any greatly reduced rates and have any profits, and called attention to the fact that but 6 per cent. dividends had been paid. These statements constantly re- iterated, and being based upon many years’ experience, as the Bell Co.’s offi- cials frankly and frequently pointed out, together with the very limited opportu- nity of buying either exchange apparatus or telephones, did not deter a few par- ties outside the Bell Co. from venturing to build exchanges, as was done at Niles by parties residing in Chicago, and at Port Huron by parties living in another city. Thus were started, with inferior material and without local cap- ital or influence, the two leading ex- changes in the State previous to the summer of 1895. In the fall of 1894, certain prominent business men of Grand Rapids made application to the city for a thirty year franchise for telephone exchange pur- poses, the same limiting service rates to $36 for business places within a one mile radius and $24 for residences any- where in the city, which franchise was granted and formally accepted in Janu- ary, 1895, and is the franchise under which the Citizens Telephone Co. is now operating. It is worthy of note that, while the Bell Co. (the Michigan Telephone Co. ) has no franchise anywhere in the State regulating or establishing exchange rates, the independent companies, with scarcely an exception, have requested and accepted franchises not only regu- lating the business, but service rates as well, so that without competition in the State the people would continue to re- ceive from the independent companies practically the same rates as now exist, while the Bell Co., being unrestricted as to rates, could advance them, and un- doubtedly would do so, as it still claims it is impossible to pay expenses at rates charged by the independent companies. Following the date of acceptance of the Grand Rapids franchise by local citizens, the Michigan Telephone Co. established uniform rates April 1, 1895, in the State, outside Detroit, of $48 for business places within half a mile had for years been President of the Michigan Telephone Co. and his great political influence was naturally in the interest of the Bell Co. ; practical tele- phone men of ability and business ca- pacity were unknown outside the Bell Co. Yet, in spite of these facts, and many obstacles not named, the Citizens Telephone Co. was organized and in- corporated, in August, 1895, and plans were made to build an exchange of 1,500 telephones in Grand Rapids. Rates were established, on three year contracts, of $30 for business telephones within a mile radius (with $2 for each additional quarter mile) and $20 for within the city residences anywhere limits. Construction was begun Octo- ber 7, 1895, and service commenced July 1, 1896, with about 800 telephones connected, out of nearly 1,600 orders. Because of construction then under way, (with $5 for each additional quarter | and conditions incident to such an en- mile) and $36 for residences, stating that terprise, poorer service was given, on the these were the very lowest rates at which | start, than before known in the com- exchange service could be given and leave any margin of profits. The toll line service was over inade- quate single iron wire lines, as a rule, and necessarily the service was unsatis- factory, and the rates were high; the ex- change service was very generally con- demned. No improvements were being made, none were promised and the offi- cials of the Bell Co. constantly assured the public no lower rates could be, nor would be, made. Up to this time there had been no in- dependent exchange of over 600 tele- phones put in successful operation in the United States; the manufacturers of independent apparatus had scarcely es- tablished themselves, and the Bell Co. claimed their apparatus was infringing the Bell patents and began numerous suits, none of which proved success- ful; the American Bell Co. had paid dividends exceeding $21,000,000 in ten years preceding 1894 and had _ over $2,500,000 of surplus ; Senator McMillan munity, but this gradually changed un- til by October 1 a much improved serv- ice was given, and about 1,500 tele- phones were in use. The service of the Citizens Telephone Co. at the pres- ent time, is not excelled in the State. Three months before the Citizens Co. began service the Bell Co.—April 1, 1896—-reduced its rates to $24 for busi- ness and $18 for residence telephones, anywhere in the city. The June, 1896, directory of the Bell Co. showed it had 1,481 telephones in service. The loss of subscribers to the Bell Co. was so heavy that in November, 1896, free res- idence telephones were given to all users of Bell phones in Grand Rapids, and solicitors put out to secure other users on the same terms. This free service was continued nearly or quite two years, during which time the Bell exchange numbered from 1,000 to 1,300 telephones, they having 1,299 telephones on January 1, 1899, per the official re- port of the Michigan Telephone Co. for the year ending. December 31, 1808. The constant growth of the Citizens Telephone Co. is shown by the follow- ing statistics from its last directory— May, 1899: Phones State Line Total Date in service phones phones June 1, 1806....... 400 none 400 Sept. 1, 1896..... 1,460 95! 2,411 Jan. 1, 1807..-..: 1,776 1,628 3,404 May 10, 1897..... 1,919 1,848 3,767 Oct. 20, 1897..... 2,074 2,028 4,102 April 22, 1898.... 2,326 4,382 6,708 Nov. 1, 1898. . 2,488 5,677 8,165 May 1, 1899...... 2,841 19,043 21,884 The telephones actually in service in Grand Rapids on August 1, 1899, based on the most reliable figures obtainable, were as follows: Business Residence Total Oe i ee 1,750 1,150 2,900 eee... 600 1,000 1,600 1,150 150 1,300 The Citizens Telephone Company now owns fourteen exchanges, seventy- two toll stations, over 700 miles of me- tallic circuit and has over 3,600 tele- phones of its own in service. In Muskegon the Citizens Telephone Co. began service in October, 1896. it has had a constant and remarkable growth, and now has 540 telephones in service. The Bell Co.’s Muskegon ex- change numbers less than 150 tele- phones, and has received no regular ex- change service rentals for two and one- half years. The Twin City Telephone Co. occu- pied Benton Harbor and St. Joseph in the fall of 1896, which record is also a re- markably successful one, especially in Benton Harbor, where it has nearly 400 telephones in service, while the Bell Co. has less than forty—-reported to be twelve. Lansing, Kalamazoo, Three Rivers, Allegan, Cadillac, Petoskey and other important towns in Western Michigan have had successful exchanges in oper- ation for two or more years, each with its interesting history. Eastern Michi- gan has developed the telephone field in a rapid way. The largest exchange in the State, as shown by official figures on January 1, 1899, was that of the De- troit Telephone Co., with over 5,200 tele- phones in operation in Detroit. The Bell Co.’s exchange on that date was 4,704, the largest number in its history. For over two years the Detroit exchange was the largest independent exchange in the United States, and the writer doubts whether the very successful ex- changes in St. Louis, Mo., and Indian- apolis, Ind., recently started, have, as yet, more telephones in service. Inspired by the success of the Detroit exchange, the New State Telephone Co. was organized to build exchanges and toll lines in territory naturally tributary to Detroit. It has a capital of $1,000, - ooo and owns a large number of ex- changes at Jackson, Ann Arbor, Port Huron, Mount Clemens and other cities, together with a large mileage of State lines. Its main office is in Detroit. The Valley Telephone Co. has built exchanges in Saginaw, Bay City and Flint, and in other and smaller cities in its neighborhood, and has about 3,000 telephones in service, with every indi- cation of permanent success. The Thumb Telephone Co. has cov- ered the counties of Huron, Tuscola and Sanilac quite fully, having over 400 miles of circuits, and is making many improvements. The Union Telephone Co. is one of the latest organized, with main office at Alma. It is connecting the Saginaw district with the Citizens system and ex- pects to occupy the interior territory. One of the strongest companies in the State is the Central Telephone Co.,:of “ ~S ‘2 ~S MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Kalamazoo, which has covered the south- western portion with fine copper toll lines and is managed in a businesslike way that insures success. Besides these there are other companies of lesser size, but of great importance, in various parts of the State, of which time does not per- mit details. The Alpena movement and the Upper Peninsular companies have accomplished much and deserve more space than the writer commands. It can be said, briefly, that in the Upper Peninsula the independents have over 3,000 telephones in service, believed to be more than has the Bell Co. in the same field. There are no toll lines in the Upper Peninsula connecting the dif- ferent sections together. The independent long distance com- panies of Ohio and Indiana will make it possible within a very few months for the exchanges in Lower Michigan to talk to points north of the Ohio River between Pittsburg and St. Louis. Al- ready Ft. Wayne and other inter-state points are reached by copper long dis- tance circuits. In the State the Michigan Telephone Co. (Bell) had 76 exchanges, with ten or more telephones in each, and 19,539 telephones on January 1, 1899, per offi- cial statement. The independents have in the State over 180 exchanges—in three years !—with more than 30, 000 tele- phones in service. Although the Michigan Telephone Co. on July 1 issued a fine State direc- tory, the duplication of names for the convenience of its patrons makes it diffi- cult to ascertain the number of tele- phones it actually has in service. Thus in Detroit appears, Richmond & Backus Co., with ten names of individuals or departments, although the firm has but two Bell telephones in service. In Al- legan, with but two telephones, the Bell book shows ten names of county offices, etc., so that ‘‘the names of about 30,000 subscribers’’ represent about 22,000 tel- ephones in actual service at this time. Besides surpassing the Bell Co. in numbers of telephones and exchanges, the independents have more copper cir- cuits, more miles of wire and have about 200 more toll stations than does the Mich- igan Telephone Co. The map of the in- dependent lines, published in this is- sue, indicates a more thorough covering of the State by the independent lines; but the magnitude of the growth is_per- haps best shown by the following list of places where the independents have ex- changes as indicated, but the Bell Co. has but one telephone in each, unless otherwise shown: Bell Citz Bell Citz Allegan ..... 1 146 Mendon....... I 27 Athens........ I 19 Middleville.... 1 40 Bangor.. .... 1 23 Montague..... I 17 Bellville ...... I 20 Muir... I 21 Bellevue....... 1 31 Mulliken...... I 18 Birmingham... 1 20 Nashville..... 5 46 Cadillac...... 4 106 Newaygo..... I 19 Carson City... 1 11 No. Branch... 1 16 Casnovia...... I 12, Northvilie.... 1 60 Coopersville .. 1 a2 Orion -........ 2 20 Cassopolis..... 1 trl Otsego..... .. 2 93 1 Cedar Springs. 1 43 Oxford........ co ee 1 10 Paw Paw..... St Decatur. ...... I 23 Pentwater.... 1 14 Douglas. .. .. 0 16 Plymouth .... 1 26 Dowagiac..... 4 280 Reed City. ... 2 64 Edmore....... 1 12 Rochester..... 5 30 vert. .) <2... 1 43 Rockford... ... 1 43 Fennville..... o 2 Romeo.... 9 40 Flushing.. ... 1 St. Johns...... 5 129 Fremont....... I 42 SandHill ....1 45 Ganges........ o 40 Saranac....... I 41 Hart... 2... I 59 Saugatuck.... 0 31 Hartford...... I 35 Shelby........ I 23 THOM oocco.. 5 50 Sheridan.... 1 12 Howard City.. 1 78 Sparta........ I 18 Imlay City.... 1 31 So. Haven... 1 179 Kthaca......... 1 - Stanton ....... 2 7 Kalkaska...... ° 4 Sturgis........ 3 125 Lake Ouessa.. 1 jo ‘Trenton....... 1 12 Lakeview..... I 7 UGes.......... I 27 Lawton....... I 30 Vermontville.. 1 23 Leshe......... I 21 Vicksburg.... 1 31 Eons |.....-. 1 25 Watervliet .... 0 33 anton....... 1 20 Wayland ..... I 32 Maple Rapids. 1 11 Whitehail..... 1 16 Mercellus..... 3 42 Zeeland....... 1 31 Marine City... 1 —_-_ — 74 places 106 3,400 The above list is far from being com- plete, as the writer has not sufficient in- formation from certain portions of the State to give more figures, but it is suffi- cient to indicate the trend of the tele- phone movement. In other words, the independents, in less than four years, have more exchanges in cities and towns where the Bell Co., after twenty years, has no exchanges than the total Bell Co. exchanges in the entire State, they hav- ing over twice aS many exchanges as the Michigan Telephone Co. It is but fair to state that in the great majority of cases the independent companies are improving their property and are in all cases giving better serv- ice than was given before these com- panies began service ; that the rates for exchange and toll service, while perhaps on an average scarcely half the former Michigan Telephone Co.’s rates, ina very large majority of cases enable the paying of dividends satisfactory to the average business man, and many of the companies are so doing. While it is true that in a few cases independent rates have been made too low, as a rule they can be maintained permanently, unless by reason of excessive growth of exchanges. The Michigan Telephone Co. is making service rates below cost in many cities and towns in the State where it has competition, and in Grand Rapids, Muskegon, Benton Harbor, etc., has not had, for over two years, sufficient telephone rentals to pay ex- penses of operation, not including inter- est on any portion of the $5,285,000 mortgage bonds authorized, over half being issued; nor does the Bell Co. claim to be able to pay expenses of op- eration at the various rates it now charges. These Bell rates vary in different lo- calities, apparently without rhyme or reason, as is shown by the few follow- ing: Bus. Res. Grand Rapids............ 824 12 Datomieres....... ..... 12 12 i, 24 6 ome 7 eo 12 6 Petro... 2s. 40 24 PApeHA 00.) 82. 22... 6 3 Bio Rapids .. .......... 3 sine Port Huron.:..... 2... 24 18 Mt Clemens... :. ic... 18 16 Holland........ eeccceres 12 12 It is impossible for the Michigan Bell Co. to permanently do business at a loss. By less than cost rates tempora- rily, it hopes to undermine independent companies by forcing them to ruinous rates or creating in the public mind the idea that the independent rates are too high, and thus they think to divide public support and destroy competition. Where neither plan works it is proposed to purchase companies holding strong geographical positions, judging from the actions of the Bell officials in other territory in which they operate. Besides the phenomenal growth of the independent movement, its hearty sup- port by the citizens of the State general- ly, and by certain communities especial- ly, makes a sell-out to the Bell Co. an act of treachery to the business commu- nity ; and no individual company or ex- change can so sell without the loss of business honor to the officers and direct- ors who should consent to such a step. The independent movement in Michi- gan has resulted thus far in the follow- ing: 1. Lower rates for both exchange and toll service. 2. Better service for exchange and toll lines. 3. More tele- phones in use and greater use of tele- phones. 4. Greater consideration of telephone users. And, because it is in the interest of all the people of the State, it will continue to grow and pros- per until through it every community in the State — business, manufacturing, farming, fruit growing, all—will have, permanently, good telephone service at reasonable rates and managed by citi- zens of the State. Never again will the old rates be restored or the old com- any be given control of the situation, or telephone liberty and prosperity are too sweet and too valuable to i surren- dered to any foreign corporation. J. B. Ware. DY (os NES SI SACERSSS NS SSAC SSA RA SASeERSI SASS S Extract from a Letter Received a Few Days Ago. LansinG, Micu., AuG. 12, ’9g. Otney & JupsoN Grocer Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Gentlemen:— Visiting in the northern part of the State, I had the pleasure of drinking a cup of your ‘Boston Breakfast Blended’’ coffee. It was so much better than the high priced coffee we were drinking at home, I concluded to try it. It is not sold in this I would like to be able to present it to my lady friends, and sell city, to my knowledge. it for you. I know that I can put it in a number of homes where they are using an inferior coffee at a higher price. Please write me in regard to it, and oblige, Yours truly, (Signed) Mrs. L. O. OSTON REAKFAST LENDED OFFEE. A rich, smooth drinking coffee at a moderate price. w Handsomest package on the market. w Roasted and packed same day as shipped, by Olney & Judson Grocer Co. Grand Rapids, Mich. | = CIS FS ‘Ss CSAS BARS SERS eS ARS SS SAREE 20 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN SHINGLE TRADE. Michigan Roofs a Large Portion of the World. Julian Ralph, who is one of the best descriptive writers of the present day, says, in his article on the ‘‘ Making of a Journalist,’’ that it is the common everyday subjects dressed up by graphic wording that are the best reading or will catch and hold the most readers. To put a readable dress on as ‘‘kiln- dried’’ a subject as shingles would make even Ralph ‘‘bolt’’ and attempt to ‘*drag’’ in all the old *‘saws’’ he ever ‘*jointed’’ together or could ‘‘clip’’ from an exchange. He might ‘‘feather- edge’’ the ‘‘bastards,’’ and ‘*‘pack’’ the ‘‘toothpicks,’’ but how to dress a ‘‘clear butt’? ‘‘XXXX’’ inspection is ‘*extra’’ and should be paid for ‘‘5 to 2’’ unless he was in such a ‘‘frame’’ of mind that he ‘‘wood’’ ‘‘steel’’ a ‘*‘gal- vanized’’ band, and get ‘‘nailed’’ for it. Our business birthday is the same as the Tradesman’s, having commenced sixteen years ago to manufacture and ship shingles from Michigan. Grand Rapids has always been the leading in- land shingle mill distributing point, and in this article I shall confine my observations to the railroad mills, and not to the lake port mills, for their product until late years has gone almost entirely by water to Chicago. In the early days, when the G. R. & I. had only gotten as far north as Howard City, we did not have rates to all points as we do now. S. P. Swartz, one of the earliest shingle shippers, used to ship out one-half dozen cars to the largest towns—-Indianapolis, Cincinnati, and other points, for instance--then go there, find out what the amount of freight was and sell them, or get the rate figured out to one town and then quote all other towns in the same county at that rate. Then, Maple Hill, Cedar Springs and Howard City on the G. R. & I., and Stanton, Edmore and Mc- Bride’s on the D., L. & N. were the great shingle towns, and the brands of Morton, Lewis & Co., Wetzell Bros. and S. P. Swartz, of Grand Rapids, Corey & Caldwell, of Stanton, J. E. Nelson, of Cedar Springs, and Neff Bros., of McBride’s, were well known throughout the East and South, and there was scarcely a station on the G. R. & I. or D., L. & N. this side of Big Rapids that did not have at all seasons of the year from one to ten million shingles piled up. Then it was easier to go out and buy ten million than it is to go out and buy ten carloads to-day. A shingle mill requires more experi- enced men to run it than a sawmill. In a sawmill, if the sawyer is a man of experience, the other positions can be filled temporarily with unskilled help if the occasion demands it, but ina shingle mill there must be a sawyer, a jointer, a knot-sawyer and packer—all experts —and if one deserts the mill is shut down. Inthose days shingles were largely manufactured from what were known as second cuttings; that is, tim- ber from which the lumber logs had been taken out, and as tracts that were near streams or railroads were logged closer for lumber, the best second cut- tings were the farthest from the streams and railroads; and, as it did not pay to haul the poorest logs such a long dis- tance, many comparatively good logs were left on these back sections and many of the shingle mills were twelve to fifteen miles from the railway track. Professional estimators and old lumber- men Can estimate a forty acre piece of timber very accurately, but to estimate how many shingles there are on a_ piece of second cutting has fooled some pretty bright shingle manufacturers, and in those days every week or two would chronicle the disappearance of some shingle mill man, with labor liens and attachments to be adjusted by those he owed, caused not by his deliberate in- tention of beating his creditors, but be- cause the timber did not turn out as ex- pected and he was so far behind before he knew it that his first thought-—and not unfrequent proceeding--was to leave the country. Then his creditors would commence to hustle. It would seem that the men, knowing the shingles were paid for every week by the party whose brand was on them, would have de- manded their money, but feeling they had a lien on the shingles they never seemed to care about the pay until the bolts. The bolts are bought at so much per cord and, knowing the price offered for shingles and the cost of manufacture, the mill man knows what he can _ afford to pay for bolts. I well remember the first second cutting we invested in. After purchasing, another manufacturer wanted it and a sale was made, and the buyer met with a disastrous loss because the timber was not what it looked to be. Another time we were running three mills and wanted another. Securing an option on a second cutting, and having two of the best shingle mill men in the State pronounce it a good purchase at $2,500, we put on a mill at an expense of $2,000, and in three months’ time found we had that much more experience and considerably less money, and moved the mill elsewhere. To give the reader some idea of what the inland shingle mill trade is, I may mill man ran away,and then the shingles would have to be paid for a second time or a legal fight be made for them. It was no uncommon thing to see a train- load of shingles shipped out between Saturday night and Monday morning to avoid this increased cost. Of late years there has been very little trouble of this kind, due to the fact that these second cuttings are a thing of the past; as the small boy who was eating an apple re- plied to the boy who asked him for the core, ‘* Ther’ ain’t goin’ to be no core.”’ The sawmills of the present day take everything on the land that will make a toothpick, and nothing is left for sec- ond cutting. The shingle mills of to- day cut mostly cedar, and as this is standing timber that can be closely esti- mated, there is not the risk of loss there was in the second cuttings. Now the pine shingles are largely made from say that our firm was one of probably a dozen who made shingles a specialty, to say nothing of the numerous small mills who handled their own product. From 1885 to 1893 our firm handled over 1,000 cars per year, 1887 and 1890 being high water mark with 1,361 and 1,313 cars, respectively—-October, 1887, being the banner month with 183 cars. Ina large wholesale or lake port market these fig- ures would be insignificant, but when every carload was shipped direct from the mill, and practically no shipments were made during the four months of November, December, January and February, it means, to maintain such a trade, the output of twenty-five to thirty mills—the daily cut of the average in- land mill being 25 M—located at as many different stations on six different roads. Each mill employing about twenty-five men and two or three teams, it took for our supply about 750 men and seventy-five teams daily, and figur- ing 7 M shingles as the average for the small house, for which shingles are mostly used, our shipments in the years mentioned would have furnished a roof for fifty houses every day in the year. In the year 1885 there were 1,089, 900,000 shingles cut in Michigan. Figuring an average price of $2 per M, the value of the shingle output for that year was $22, 000, 000. During the depression commencing in 1893 the shingle business suffered, prob- ably more severely than any other in- dustry, for the manufacturing towns which were the best markets were dead and there was little or no building going on, but since the Dingley law went into effect manufacturing towns are putting up new plants and new buildings and shingle mills that have been shut down for years have started up and _ large bodies of cedar are being picked up for manufacturing into shingles. There. is a good demand for the output at satis- factory prices and the shingle business during the past year has taken on its old-time activity. Michigan shingles have met and vanquished every foe. A few years ago Southern cypress for a while took preference over Michigan shingles, but they had their day; then Pennsylvania hemlock came into our territory, only to be driven out; later Washington red cedar came into the field and for a time secured the trade, but the tide has again turned and Michigan cedars are having the call over all their competitors, asking no favors and fear- ing no foe. With her large tracts of cedar and jack pine, Michigan will con- tinue in the future, as in the past, to roof a large portion of the world. C. C. Follmer. OT Sold “Doped” Linseed Oil. Michigan dealers have recently been nonplussed by low quotations on lin- seed oil—-so low in fact, that Michigan jobbers were utterly unable to meet the competition. The following dispatch from Cleveland, dated Aug. 29, explains why the oil could be sold so low: Wm. A. Harshaw, of 116g East Mad- ison avenue, President of the Harshaw, Fuller & Goodwin Co., was arrested to- day on a warrant sworn out by Chief Dairy and Food Inspector Martin Cowen. Harshaw was charged with selling adul- terated linseed oil. The case was set for hearing in Justice Bauder’s court September 11. The arrest of Harshaw was the result of an investigation which Cowen had been prosecuting in Cleve- dand for several months past. He has discovered that a great deal of adulter- ated or doped oil is being produced in Cleveland and is after the perpetrators. It is probable that other arrests will be made. Referring to this matter, the Paint, Oil and Drug Review, of Chicago, says: The Executive Council of lowa has recently been investigating the sale of ‘adulterated linseed oil in that State and finds a considerable part of the oils are adulterated so largely as to be almost worthless for paints. The Council gives out the following list of firms whose oils have been found, on chemical analysis, to be adulterated: The American Lin- seed Oil Co., of Cleveland; the Holland Oil Co., of Chicago; the Brooks Oil Co., of Cleveland, and the Chicago Lin- seed Oil Co. Secretary Kennedy, of the State Board of Health, has notified the companies to withdraw their wares from the State under penalty of prosecution. Oe Specialties are the articles of mer- chandise that furnish the important profits in business. But a money-mak- ing specialty must possess merit and be given extensive advertising. —_~ = mee 2 ' MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 21 S. A. MORMAN, PRESIDENT. A. B. RICHMOND, Vice Presrt. L. T. WILMARTH, Sec’y & TREAS. O. B. Wi! MARTH, Director. J. ELMER PRATT, Director. Grand Rapids Cycle Co. L. T. WILMARTH, Gen’ MAnacer. ESTABLISHED PAID IN CAPITAL J. ELMER PRATT, SALes DEPARTMENT. 1889 $ 100.000.00 ©rand Rapids, ich. Aug. 31st, 1899. MR. BICYCLE DEALER: Dear Sir—It pleases us, aud may interest you to know that we made and sold 30 percent. more Clipper Bicycles during ee ae the ’99 season, closing Aug. Ist, than in any other year in the history of ourtrade. We will continue our past policy and give you better value than you get elsewhere. You cannot fail to have noticed our extensive advertising in the big magazines, using full pages, at a season of the year when riders were buying from the dealers. You must have had some calls or made some sales on account of this advertising. Our adver- tising has not added to the cost to you of Clipper Bicycles. It has paid its own way in profits on sales made direct to customers in localities where we have no dealers handling our wheels. ’ The Clipper Bevel Gear, being the first in the field with successfully cut gears, has made a record for itself, nearly 25 per cent. » of our products has been of this class. Another year will find the “imitators” out with the “just as good” chainless at no “greater price” but “better (?y inducements ” Some dealers will be obliged to handle worthless chainless. You need not be placed in this boat if you'll give this your thought and attention now, and secure the agency for Clipper Bicycles, chain and chainless, at once. And then open fire on your local trade this Fall By Spring your competitors won't be within hailing distance of you. Our line for 1900 will embrace everything “there’s any money in handling’”’—Bevel Gears $60.00 to $75.00, Standard Chain Wheels at all prices from $25 00 to $60 00. Free running wheels (coaster brakes) asan option on the whole line of chain wheels, (and if ’ we can perfect it in time the chainless also,) Light Racing Model, both chain and chainless, as well as a few bargains in ‘“‘carried over stock.” With a line like this, a policy like ours and the kind of advertising we do, you cannot “fall down” if you pin your faith to Clipper Bicycles exclusively. The rocords now being established on bevel gears are proving beyond a doubt that greater speed is possible on the geared bicycie than where a chain is used. These performances on both road and track will convince many a buyer be- tween now and spring that his mount for rgoo must be a bevel geared bicycle, and of all the bevel gears where is there one equal to the - Clipper? a During the past year we have fitted at great expense a kind of gear which in itself was a great improvement over any used by our competitors. While we shall continue the use of our special processes we shall also add further to the value by using the Leland & Falconer process, which is now perfected and is creating talk in the mechanical world. This process is a wonder and no mistake. ‘ After all is said and done can you afford to take chances on your compttitors securing the Clipper line? Can you do better? Think it over and let us hear from you before our travelers “get the other fellows,” as happened in many cases last year. Some makers last year made a bluff with a chainless (?) mot the bevel gear kind, but an experiment, and “held” their trade who used this s “experiment” as a “chainless killer.” It worked all right in many instances, but it won’t work next year. Clipper Bevel Gear adver- ” tising and several thousand wheels have convinced most riders, and “put others on” The genuine Clipper Bevel Gear will be the only one that’ll bring the price. The maker who fooled his trade last year may try it again next. Watch him. He'll stand it. ’ GRAND RAPIDS CYCLE Co. ~ J. Es, P. | o-1 Advt. and Sales Manager. 22 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN HIDES AND WOOL. Why the Business Has Dwindled to Small Proportions. The revolution of the hide trade dur- ing the past sixteen years has been marked, as may be inferred from the market reviews | have prepared for the Tradesman during the past sixteen years. There are a few of the old merchants still in line, who wonder to-day how they ever entered on such a line; but at the beginning, hides were produced from the native stock for home consumers of meat. Cattle were on every hill. The several towns looked around home for their supplies. It was a rough stock, poorly kept, but supplied fresh beef for numerous lumber camps, that could eat all the meat that was brought them. The camp days are past, and the supply is not needed, except as the smal] towns call; and each inhabitant keeps a chick- en coop. Sheep used to yield their pelts by the thousands, while now they are numbered by the dozens. This city formerly had its streets blocked by loads of wool, double decked. To-day a fifty-fleece lot is a good one. Again, when loads came to market in abundance, from 3 to 5 cents per pound was the margin we hoped _ to receive. To-day, from % to 1 cent is deemed a good price and no warehouse is obliged to hold the stock. Years ago the wool business centered in large towns, while now behind each stump you will find a buyer. An old buyer of this city remarked — several years ago that ‘‘the d—-—-d boys. have spoiled this market.’’ The same applies to-day. Mary shears her lamb and pets the fleece at home. There are not enough sheep raised near this city to make the opening of a warehouse for wool _profit- able. Dogs in this vicinity areas plen- tiful and are as fond of mutton as ever. The laborer of to-day does not con- | sume the meat of a lumberman. The! supply of small meats is greater and more to their taste. Transportation is quick and cheap and the string butcher is now known only in history. The centralizing of trade enters into the meat business and consequently calls the fat animal from the farmer’s herd and gives him back meat from which he selects the cuts he desires. The ‘‘farmer’s hides,’’ as designated by the trade, are gone. In former years hides were brought to market singly and were collected by the hundreds. The hide that comes singly to-day is from a lost cow. The former task of thawing frozen hides is gone and, with it, has gone the local trade, not in the city alone, but in smaller towns as well. Formerly shipments of hides were made by the carload per week to the tanner. Now a carload or less is shipped per month, as tanners go to the stock yards for their supplies. | This is not true of wild animals, yet it is of their kind; but the trapper of old has gone. In his place has come the boy from the farm who has caught a rat, coon, skunk or mink. The bear, otter, beaver and deer have gone, but the mink, rat and skunk seem to follow civilization. They have lost their for- mer beauty by running in the open fields and in the sunlight, but are as numer- ous as in former days. Transportation is a large factor in the marketing of hides in the West, as the merchant in New York City vies with the home buyer and inducements are offered to ship direct, but $1,000 lots have dwindled to $10. Such is the rev- olution that, fashioned with time, oblit- erates and changes the trade. Wm. T. Hess. —-2 +. ____ It is no trouble at all to sell goods that the public wants, but it requires genius to coax people to buy unsalable merchandise. | Epps | as GRATEFUL COMFORTING Distinguished Everywhere for Delicacy of Flavor, Superior Quality and SS: Nutritive Properties. Specially Grateful and >>> yl lee Comforting to the Nervous and Dyspeptic. Sold in Half-Pound Tins Only. Prepared by JAMES EPPS & CO., Ltd., Homeeopathic Chemists, London, England. P*. BREAKFAST SUPPER Cocoa ~~~ Epps’ PDS jecceecceccece Cocoa [MICA AXLE GREASE has become known on account of its good qualities. Merchants handle Mica because their customers want the best axle grease they can get for their monéy. Mica is the best because it is made especially to reduce ) friction, and friction is the greatest destroyer of axles and axle boxes. It is becoming a common saying that “Only one-half as much Mica is required for satisfactory lubrication as of any other axle grease,” so that Mica is not only the best axle grease on the market but the most eco- nomical as well. Ask your dealer to show you Mica in the new white and blue tin packages. ILLUMINATING AND LUBRICATING OILS WATER WHITE HEADLIGHT OIL IS THE STANDARD THE WORLD OVER HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR EMPTY CARBON AND GASOLINE BARRELS STANDARD OIL CO. -¢ Roh eee tone park eager MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 23 NEW STOCK JUST IN. SEVERAL MAKES TO SELECT FROM. CASH OR EASY PAYMENTS. C B. DETRICK, Phone 1050. PIANOS AND ORGANS. FINE NEW CASE DESIGNS. Grand Rapids. 9 8 a 4 2 2 us ee ee kg oo The “Ohio” Pony Cutter weave x This Cutter is for hand use only, and is a strong light-running machine, « Itis adapted to cutting hay, straw and corn fodder, and is suitable for parties keeping from one to four or five animals There is only one size, 4 and is made so it can be knocked down and packed for shipment, thus se- curing lower freight rate; has 114 inch knife, and by very simple changes makes four lengths of cut. This is only one of the On10 family of Feed < and Ensilage Cutters and Shredders A good agent wanted in every local- @ ity in Michigan where we are not represented Write to-day for complete Catalogue and prices to dealers. We are also Headquarters for Corn » Shellers—Feed Cookers —Engines—Boilers—Saw Mills, &c. ADAMS & HART, Selling Agents “OHIO” " Cutters and Shredders, Grand Rapids, Mich. —s- =. | A, A wy ore Sy v Che he She che She che Se he De MaRS lonla Powery 60..% Manufacturers of Plain and ianoy Flower Pots, opéecial Jardinieré Pots, Lawn and Hanging Vases. To the Retail Merchants: We would call especial attention to several facts: First, that we are an old Established Michigan concern. Second,that we make an excellent Flower Pot. - Third, that we are centrally located on two main lines of railroad, and can furnish you good goods in less time and at lower freight rate than any other factory in the Country. We respectfully solicit a trial order. Please w rite for catalogue. IONIA POTTERY 6O,, lonia, Mich. MIS MISIS ISIS 93 SIS IS TSISTS IS PRL RH RY RY RH RR BY $Y FOIE REAR TPF SPAR RP OP DR FF PF Oe FR FO a Rempis & Gallmeyer Foundry Co. MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF Iron, Brass and Aluminum Castings 60 and 68 NORTH FRONT ST. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. MANUFACTURERS OF The Rempis’ Oscillating Sleigh Knees The “Standard” has been in use ten win- ters and has given good satisfaction to the sieighmakers. It has found a ready sale in various parts of the country and the call for it will be increased wherever sleighs are in use. Our ‘Lumberman” knee is designed and adapted for extra heavy logging service, and makes the stoutest sleigh for woods work. The knee has a square socket which fits between two blocks and rests on both The blocks are 5% inches apart and 34 inches wide, any de- sired length. Four inches from top of runner to bottom of knee. the runner and blocks. The *‘ Lumoecrman’”’ Detached SALES AGENTS Baldwin, Tuthill & Bolton, Grand Rapids, Mich. Edwards & Chamberlain Hardware Co., Kalamazoo, S. D. Kimbark, Chicago, Il. Suelflohn & Seefeld, Milwaukee, Wis. [ Mich. Morley Bros., East Saginaw, Mich. Nicols & Dean, St. Paul, Minn. Belknap Wagon Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Limbach, Sons & Co., Detroit, Mich. 24 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS. They Must Be Progressive, Tactful and Honest. The commercial traveler of the future will occupy a position and wield an in- fluence in the commercial world, per- haps, second to none; and, if’ this be true he should possess certain natural en- dowments and equipment necessary to the complete make-up of a successful salesman. Let us consider what some of these essential requirements are: First, and above all, the successful salesman must honest man; he must be a hard- working, industrious man, and he must be a man possessing a high order of in- telligence, so that he may easily divine between right and wrong, and, being thus enabled to perceive his duty, he will, with becoming force and courage, pursue it with diligence. Such a man, with such endowments and such prep- aration, pursues his calling from high, honest principles, upon a broad plane of honesty strictly adhered to, and ever keeping in mind the Golden Rule, he can not fail to achieve permanent cess and happiness in the pursuit of his business calling. Sufficient care and pains have not been taken, as a rule, in this country in the selection of the proper kind of ma- terial from which to make good com- mercial travelers, and proper attention has not been given to educate them up to the correct realization of their part taken in relation to the houses with which they are connected. In Great Britain and other European countries, commercial travelers are selected only from good families; they are men of high intelligence and, of necessity, re- ceive a good business training. They are gentlemen of good presence and _ re- finement of character, thoroughly edu- cated in and master of the science of their profession ; while in this country I regret that observation has led me to the belief that American merchants, when engaging commercial travelers, to a very large degree overlook, ignore, or consider of but little moment these qualities to which reference has been made and which, in my estimation, are of vast importance. I have said that the commercial trav- eler should well-trained mind and a strong personality to support him in the discharge of his duties away from home, deprived of the benefit of consul- tation and advice, and when forced to decide at once for himself, from a logi- cal standpoint, questions of importance. The buyers of any of our large houses have the advantage of consultation, and the credit men of our various concerns are in possession of the same blessing, but the traveling man, in most cases, must decide the most intricate matters promptly and entirely according to his own judgment, without the assistance or advice of anyone; hence the neces- sity of natural ability, good training and sound judgment. The commercial trav- eler should, also, be a thorough statisti- cian, so that when asked for an opinion on the future of any great staple or arti- cle of merchandise that comes within his line he might answer promptly. For instance, should he be asked his opinion on the future of the sugar market, he ought to be able to reply with prompt- ness, giving the estimated crop of the current year contrasted or compared with that of the previous and former years, and, taking these and other sur- rounding conditions into consideration, satisfy his customer of his thorough fa- miliarity with this and other important be an suc- have a subjects of like nature from a most in- telligent standpoint. Such a man will inspire in the minds of his trade that confidence and respect for his intelli- gence which are so desirable, if not ab- solutely necessary, to success ; and, while I would have the commercial traveler repose every confidence in the instruc- tions of his house relative to the cost of goods and the value of same, yet I sub- mit that if he wants and expects to rise to eminence, and _ be a star in his pro- fession, he must in this, as in any other walk in life, be a well-read, well-posted and self-made man. I trust you will not imagine that I am setting up an ideal salesman of such high stature that the realization would be impossible. I believe not. For many years I occupied the role and filled the capacity of the commercial _ traveler, and if there is one man in the commer- cial world who, more than another, is en- titled to special consideration, it is he: for, in my opinion, of all the professions and trades, in that of the commercial traveler may be found the keenest wits, the brightest genius, the brainiest men, the most generous, the most devout, the most faithful and the most charitable ; but, as all things in nature are chang- ing, so would I see the commercial traveler day by day grow better. I would have for his mottoo, Excelsior, ever reaching toward that perfection which is, perhaps, only attained by a life of earnest struggle and fidelity in building up and cementing the common_ brother- hood of man. Samuel M. Lemon. —_—_»9.__ Just What They Were. A bicycling party was pursuing its leisurely way along a delightful country road the other day, when they came to a particularly well-kept kitchen garden. A patch of most interesting growing things ran beside the fence for a dis- tance of forty feet. There were innumer- able stalks bearing aloft globes of twenty different exquisite shades of grayish green and grayish purple which were so striking that the party dis- mounted with one accord. ‘‘How decorative!’’ said men. ‘What lovely color!’’ said one of the girls. ‘They would do to paint,’’ said the artist. ‘*Won't you please tell us what those beautiful things are?’’ asked the girl. one of the The gardener glanced around in amazement, and_ then simply _ said, ‘*Which?’’ ‘Why, these things growing along the fence here. I never saw anything like them. ”’ A pitying smile spread slowly over the gardener’s features. ‘“Them?’’ he answered with a , chuckle, “‘them’s onions gone to seed.’ REAL ESTATE, Manifest Advantages Possessed by Grand Rapids. Grand Rapids, originally settled from its desirable location on the Grand River as soon as the magnificent lumber interests of Western Michigan began to be developed, was at once the center of an industry which brought the city prominently before the country and gave it a start in that line of manufacturing which has since been extended until, to-day, it stands pre-eminently as the greatest wood-working manufacturing city of its size in the world. As an inland town it seems, as we look at neighboring cities apparently so much more desirably locatedfor man- ufacturing on account of competition in transportation, as if not man alone could claim our city’s marvelous growth as the result of his efforts, but as if an all- powerful hand had guided the minds of our early citizens to plan for a future which must be far beyond what they could have dreamed. Sixteen years ago Grand Rapids, while the largest city in Western Michigan, was little more than an overgrown vil- lage ; but it had just started on that era of improvement which has since been carried on from year to year until it has gained, as it deserves, the reputation of being one of the most beautiful cities in our land. In sixteen years Grand Rapids has grown from a city of 50,000 toa city of 100,000. In sixteen years we have seen one of the most perfect electric railway systems of the country supersede our old horse car line. We have seen our some- times worse than corduroy roads re- placed by boulevards and driveways—a paradise for horse and wheelman. Mile after mile of the most approved pave- ment for business and residence streets has given us a truly metropolitan air. We have seen started and carried to ex- ecution a system of parks more beauti- ful than any other city can boast. We have seen palatial residences built by our successful men, like the editor of the Tradesman, rise from the ruins of the homes of the generations that are past. We have seen magnificent office buildings rear their heads high above their older neighboring buildings and, thronged with busy men of every pro- fession, add new lustre to the fame of our city. The stranger of sixteen years ago, walking through the business center of our town and going over the same territory to-day, would see changes al- most beyond belief. Sixteen years have seen Ionia street change from one of the city’s byways to one of its busiest marts; and built up as it is by the Clark, Smith, Blodgett, Fox, Barnhart, Rindge and Pythian Temple buildings, it certainly stands a monument to the growth of our city and to the success of our business men. Sixteen years ago at the corner of Pearl and Ottawa streets was a small mountain of clay crowned by some of the older settlers’ homes. To-day there are buildings like the Michigan Trust Company and the Fur- niture Exposition, comparing favorably with like buildings in the largest cities in our land. Sixteen years have seen Grand Rapids supplied with hotels, the equal in size and appointments of cities much larger. We have seen manufac- turing enterprises start and, by slow but steady growth, gradually gain the world for a market, carrying the name and fame of our city with their wares. -In sixteen years we have seen public build- ings, unexcelled for beauty of architec- ture and unrivalled for completeness of equipment, tower to the skies. In the sixteen years that are just past we have also had with us—and I think some of the forementioned evidences of our growth have been aided by them— the real estate agent, who has gone into the country and taken a farm and, set- ting stakes over it, not very far apart, has persuaded you and your friends into the honest belief that the only sure way to get rich was to buy real estate; in fact, the history of Grand Rapids for the sixteen years that are past, like the history of the Tradesman, has been one of success, both hardly striven for and both well earned. Now, as to the future. I know full well from talks with the editor of the Tradesman that in the sixteen years that are to come he looks forward to greater fields for his paper as well as for new subscribers; that he intends to have a glass palace erected (for which I have just the corner lot to sell him), and that he will bend every effort to maintain and increase the prestige he has so well gained by editing the best trade paper in the country! Grand Rapids is also looking forward to an era of greater growth and improve- ment in the years to come. During the financial troubles through which — the country has just passed Grand Rapids real estate, like many other forms of wealth, was greatly depreciated in value ; but now that we are entering on our new era of prosperity, it would take but a short drive through our city to show that Grand Rapids is also experi- encing a new prosperity and one that bids fair to be a lasting one. New fac- tories, residences and business blocks are going up in a way fairly amazing to the croker, who tells us that Grand Rap- ids real estate will never have the value it once had. soon be greeted on his arrival in our city by the new railway depot which has been built every year during the past sixteen, but which now seems to be an assured fact. Projected suburban rail- ways will bring thousands of our neigh- bors to our city as customers and will add many new home-seekers to our town. Diversified manufactories, as ex- emplified in beet sugar factories and iron works, will help maintain the **steady growth’’ of which we have al- ways been so proud; and last, but not least, when by our citizens helping Uncle Sam we succeed in making our Grand River a highway to the oceans, we may well expect that grand success which can come to our city when the census says, ‘‘Grand Rapids, 200,000.’’ Wm. H. Gilbert. a Profit in Discounted Bills. Now that business is more active and the circulation of money more general and widespread, it behooves the retail merchant to use every effort in the di- rection of discounting his own bills. He makes a profit by the operation, even if he borrows funds at a lower rate of interest than is determined by the discount. Then, too, he establishes a reputation for promptness and business Sagacity which may some time be of material benefit, besides having the additional satisfaction of knowing that his bills payable account will not stare him in the face every time he goes through his ledger. —_»2.___ The dumping of New York City refuse inside of the prescribed limits is said to be destroying the New Jersey sea- coast. The beaches are reported to be depositories for decayed vegetables and all manner of offensive garbage, which not only robs sea-bathing of its pleasure, but is a serious menace to the health of visitors and residents, Our visiting stranger will - rt “ ve | MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WIieIeICICICI I IEICE ICICENs Our Manager Cigar Best Five Cent Brand on the Market. 5 . sn MTR RENAE s 3 > Sbiieeetenien WicickesWdcIWIicIeieIcIeIcIeIoIeIeIed ‘ . . —enicamnasamtaemcnaumapanceen e- 99-99-9899 98-98 98-92 98-92 9092 9992 92 98 92 98 985% Buy aSeller Sella Winner — Win a Buyer Seid only-biy Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., Grand Rapids * eps op pop once se op ae de 26 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN cen _ one si deci . ee BICYCLE TRADE. Some Ups and Downs the Business Has Sustained. Sixteen years ago the bicycle cut very little figure in the manufacturing or re- tail trade of the country. At that time it was a target for the ridicule of the public and press. A man who rode a bicycle in those days was considered, by a large majority of people, asa prob- able candidate for an insane asylum. A woman’s wheel was not thought of. In those days we who had the nerve to mount a 56 inch ordinary (high wheel) and take our, chances on escaping in- jury from headers, as well as run the gauntlet of ridicule, were largely respon- sible for the success of the bicycle, both from a practical and commercial stand- point. Sixteen years ago we had three Amer- ican makers—Pope, Gormully and Over- man. The latter made tricycles. We also had two importers—Cunningham, of Boston, and Clarke, of Baltimore. The total sales of the entire outfit were probably less than 1,000 wheels. Prices ranged from $135 to $150, according to size and finish. Dealers—there were none, or at least not more than a dozen in the whole United States. The maker sold his bicycles mostly through what is now termed the curbstone agent; in other words, rider agents—young men who clerked in stores, banks, etc. He charged for everything. Even cata- logues were billed to the agent at one cent each. Nodiscount was allowed for cash and but little for trade, and an _ or- der was not accepted until 25 per cent. of the price had been advanced. Even under these conditions, makers found much difficulty in making a profit. Such were the bicycle trade conditions fifteen or sixteen years ago and such they re- mained until the safety made its first appearance along in 1887. Then a de- mand from the legitimate dealer began to show itself in certain localities. With the entre of the dealer and the jobber into the field, the changes made and the progress of the trade and maker became so rapid that years seem but months. Prices were advanced from $135 to $150 just as soon as the pneumatic came, which was in 1889, and in 1892, a solid tired jigger was worth but little except for old junk or to sell to a farmer who had been waiting for the price to come down. By 1893, the pneumatic had be- come practical and no other tire could be sold. Wheels were in such demand as to push the twenty-seven or twenty- eight makers then in existence to the fullest capacity of their factores. We have no means of knowing just what that was, but probably a quarter of a million bicycles would, at that time, cover the American product. it was during that time that many makers lost their heads. They made too many bicycles or, rather, made them too late in the season. The profits, large as they seemed, were not great enough to cover the losses on carried over stock and several went to the wall. A reaction in making and selling was the result. The retail trade was cautious, jobbers held off and makers went into 1894 with large stocks in their warehouses—and their hearts and fortunes in their hands. Prices went down from $25 to $50 per wheel, but, contrary to all expectations, the buying of 1894 was so brisk and the demand so keen and active that mak- ers found themselves unable to fill half their orders or half fill the orders they did ship, Owing to the increased sales and a complee clean up, nearly every- body made money and that, too, on prices which most of us. thought would ruin more than half the makers. Capital got interested and factories began to spring up like mushrooms in a hot bed, changes were rapid, prices be- gan to drop. Notwithstanding all this, it was the harvest of the pioneers who had large capacities, fine facilities and an established trade, with reputations secured largely by a liberal expenditure in advertising in trade papers. Right here let me say that good trade papers and the aid they gave the maker at this particular time—1889 to 1895——had much to do with the reputations and successes of the better class of bicycle producers. The newspapers were howling for lower prices, and what they said editorially helped to ruin more than one new mak- er who couldn’t make both ends meet, even although prices were too high and by liberal treatment of his customers. of the successful makers are those who have advertised liberally and well, while with one exception—the Overman (Vic- tor) Wheel Co.-—every concern that failed advertised but little, ifany. They used no trade papers, no newspapers, no magazines. They saved the adver- tising accounts and sold wheels cheaper —so much cheaper that both ends didn’t meet, and failure was the inevitable re- sult. No trust or combination of makers can successfully market an article without salesmen or advertising, or both. There is no article of commerce sold through salesmen or dealers, the sales of which can not be increased by judicious adver- tising. It was judicious advertising for the first ten years of bicycle making that prevented the few factories making them from going into the hands of the sheriff or of a receiver. It was judicious In two or three years men made millions who had made only a few thousands in the ten or fifteen years previous. Then came the crash of 1898, during which time prices fell to a point where no maker could find a profit witha microscope. At this time we had over 500 legitimate bicycle makers witha combined output of over one anda quarter million wheels. To-day, at the close of 1899, we have less than sixty solvent or financially responsible mak- ers. The combined output is less than a million bicycles. The consumption is about the same, possibly some less. We make five times as many bicycles now as we did ten years ago at one-tenth of jhe profit. No industry of which I know has witnessed such rapid and kaleido- scopic changes or has made and lost so much in the brief space of less than a decade. It is a noticeable fact that 99 per cent. ° trade paper advertising that secured for the Columbia, the Clipper, the Rambler and others a line of dealers who aided these makers in marketing their products at no loss during the bicycle panic, and when the crash in prices came, they could command enough more for their bicycles to let them out whole, instead of losing money, as did those who had saved their advertising accounts at the expense of their business. Unless the trade take to the chainless, which has: proven itself a success, and drive the chain wheel to join the ordi- nary, and prices on this type of bicycle remain where they are—$6o0 to $75—the price of most chain bicycles must be advanced or the makers remaining in the business won’t remain long. The rapid and sharp advances in _ bi- cycle materials, from tires to tubes, will undoubtedly make prices of the cheaper and lower grades of assemblers, products higher than for the last season or two, and the increase in cost to make high grades will, if not advance them, stiffen them, and an effort to get this year’s prices will be the rule among the better classes of makers. i The so-called trust, if formed—which it is not at present writing—will have no effect on the market for 1900. Not be- fore the material buying for 1901-—about June 1, 1tg900—can the combine begin to enter into the question of manufacture even, and not before Oct 1, 1900, can it have any influence- on the selling or commercial end of the industry. If this outfit exercises the proper business tact and care, the organization can be made to benefit the rider, dealer and maker as well as the seller of publicity. Personally, I believe the right men and right methods will be chosen to rule the destinies of the new organization, which means a new era in the bicycle busi- ness. My advice to all dealers is to select for a leader a bicycle with a local or na- tional advertised reputation and let the people know you have it by means of your local paper. Never run the same advertisement twice, as to do so_ places you in much the same position as an editor who publishes his same news or editorial in successive issues. He would soon lose all his readers, and so will you if you do not change copy as often as the paper is published. Back up the national advertising of the maker you represent by confirming, over your name, what he says, if he speaks the truth; if he does not, do not represent him, and I will guarantee -you that the bicycle will live long und bros- ber, as Rip VanWinkle says, J. Elmer Pratt. —_——_~> 2. —___ Cause for Tears, ‘'O, Harold! do you love me?’’ im- plored the bride of a month, ‘‘Well,’’ said he, between kisses, ‘what do you infer from this opera- tion?’’ ‘*But, Harold, do you really and truly love me?’’ she demanded, eager to hear again from his lips what she had_ heard many times before, ‘Yes, darling, I love you dearly, de- votedly, unceasingly, constantly, exces- sively, amazingly and any other adverbs you happen to think of,"’ ‘*You are making fun of me, Harold, and you ought not to do that,’’ pouted the bride, ‘No, love,’’ protested Harold, as he squeezed her and kissed her again, ‘‘] was merely trying to convince you that I do really and truly love you dearly, and dearly,’’ : ‘*Then you do love me, Harold?’’ ‘' Yes, darling,’’ ‘*Are you sure, Harold?’’ ‘*Quite certain, my precious.’’ ‘*Oh, I'm so happy!’’ she said, with a little sigh of contentment. Then she asked : **Do you love me as much as you did this morning, Harold?’’ ‘*T love you twice as much, my charmer,’’ asserted Harold, thinking to make her very happy; but how little do men know about women! His _ bride looked at him sorrowfully, and de- manded : ‘*O, Harold! why, why did you love me less this morning than you do now?’’ And she burst into tears. gai How to Start in Life. Chauncey M. Depew is a philosopher as well as a wit. Nothing can be better than his definition of the material am- bitions with which a young man _ should begin his career. Writing on young men in politics Mr. Depew says: Every young man should start out in life with three definite objects: First, to earn an honest living ; second, to secure an in- come large and permanent enough to support a family; and third, to lay up something for old age and the care of the helpless ones whom he may leave behind when he dies, »- @ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 27 WORLD'S BEST 5 CENT CIGAR Yer in > [i BS AES EGS Ws S952 C5 ok La ara £2 52 SH Ml im BN RN | yf] : eT s5 | NS MICHIGAN - B. J. Reynolds, Grand Rapids. Olney & Judson Grocer Co., Grand Rapids. : Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., Grand Rapids. Rice & Matheson, Grand Rapids. Ball-Barnhart-Putman Co., Grand Rapids. Worden Grocer Co., Grand Rapids. Putnam Candy Co., Grand Rapids. z A. E. Brooks & Co., Grand Rapids. Musselman Grocer Co , Grand Rapids. ~ Lemon & Wheeler Co., Grand Rapids. Clark-Jewell-Wells Co., Grand Rapids. _ H. Schneider & Co , Grand Rapids. Moreland Bros & Crane, Adrian. - Godsmark, Durand & Co., Battle Creek. Gustin, Cook & Buckley, Bay City. Ed. M. Liebleine, Hancock. Ed. M. Liebleine, Calumet. Jno T. Woodhouse & Co , Detroit + A. N. Smith, Harbor Springs. W. R. Cutler, Ionia. Ps Howard & Solon, Jackson. Jackson Grocery Co., Jackson. i Hanselman Candy Co., Kalamazoo B. Desenberg & Co., Kalamazoo. Fred Brundage, Muskegon. Geo. Hume & Co , Muskegon. The Hannah & Lay Merc. Co., Traverse City. + Snyder & Thayer, Muskegon. The A H. Lyman Co., Manistee. Walsh, Tanner & Daily, West Bay City. L M. Spencer, Marquette. Fred Buth, Menominee. Penberthy, Cook & Co , Menominee. Otto Supe & Co., Sault Ste Marie. Mitts Bros., Saginaw. Smart & Fox Co., Saginaw. Burkhard Bros , St. Joseph. Petoskey Cigar Co., Petoskey. OHIO The J. M. Sealts Co., Lima. R. A. Bartley, Toledo. C. W. Starr, Toledo. O. J. Comer, Van Wert. The Tracey & Avery Co., Mansfield. INDIANA G. E. Bursley & Co , Ft Wayne. A. H. Perfect & Co., Ft. Wayne. Albert Krull, Indianapolis. The Spencer & Hogin Co., Marion. Bridge City Candy Co., Logansporte. ILLINOIS New York Store Mercantile Co , Cairo. WISCONSIN. C. N. Cramer & Co., Ashland. Eau Claire Grocer Co., Eau Claire. Joannes Bros. Co., Green Bay. Plumb & Nelson Co., Manitowoc. Jerman, Pflueger & Kuehmsted Co., Milwaukee. Kickbush & Sons, Wausau. LaCrosse Cracker & Candy Co , LaCrosse. M. Kratchwil, LaCrosse. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY SOLD BY THE FOLLOWING JOBBERS Twohy Mercantile Co., West Supereor. MINNESOTA Finch-Smith Co., Crookston. Ray Mercantiie Co., Crookston Lillibridge-Bremner Factory, Minneapolis. Jos. P. Whitwell, St. Paul. Byron J. Mosier, Stillwater. C. A. Everhart & Co., Fargo. NORTH DAKOTA S. ] Vidger & Co., Fargo. Nash Bros., Grand Forks Leach & Gamble, Wahpeton. J. H. Allien & Co., St. Paul. MONTANA Millis & Co., Billings. A. F. Bray, Butte. Benepe-Owenhouse Co., Bozeman. TEXAS. Carter-Battle Grocery Co , Ft. Worth. Borchard, Brasher & Co., Houston. G. A. Duerler Manufacturing Co., San Antonio. & Hazard & McConville, Sherman. ; B. H. Allen, Waco. COLORADO Powers Cigar Co , Denver. ARKANSAS The Sandefur-Julian Co., Little Rock. NEBRASKA Voegele & Dinning, Omaha. Trimble, Blackman & Alexander, Hastings. NORTH CAROLINA H. G., Link, Charlotte. - G. J. JOHNSON CIGAR CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. 28 LIME TRADE. Introduction of Perpetual Kilns and Other Improvements. As simple as is the process of making lime, I find that comparatively few peo- ple understand it. In early times lime was made by simply burning wood around a small pile of limestone and keeping up the heat until the stone was sufficiently burned to slack readily —and, by the way, that is all there really is to the although methods differ. Later, better results were obtained by building what were called ‘* pot kilns.’’ TheSe were usually built in a side hill and lined with brick. They were five or six feet in diameter inside and perhaps twelve or fourteen feet high. A fire hole or door was placed in front at the bottom, and in filling the kiln with stone the latter was so piled as to form an arch opposite this hole. When the kiln was completely filled with stone, fire was applied in the arch. It required about sixty hours of constant heat to convert the contents of the kiln into lime. ‘Then the fire was allowed to go out and when sufficiently cooled the process, of stone lime was taken out and marketed. Then the kiln was again filled and burned as before. A kiln usually held about too barrels and averaged two burnings per week. At present, nearly all lime in this country is burned in perpetual kilns, which are much larger than the pot kilns and produce much more lime. In addition to the greater quantity the lime is much more uniformly burned. The perpetual kilns are built either round or square and are usually from six to nine feet in diameter and from thirty to sixty feet high. Some are built of boiler iron and lined with fire brick. Others are built of stone and also lined with fire brick. They are open at the top. At the bottom the walls are thick. Arches are built in on opposite sides to receive the fuel. After the kiln is filled with stone from the top, fire is started in the arches which open into the kiln, the draft carrying the heat and smoke through the crevices in the stone and _ gradually converting it into lime. The smoke passes out at the top. When the stone in front of the arches becomes lime it is drawn out through openings in the bot- tom of the kiln, thus allowing the stone above to feed down and receive the heat. These drains are made at regular intervals, ranging from three to eight Khours apart according to the theories of different operators. The firing and drawing are continuous, day and night, fresh stone being placed in the kilns at the top each day. Simply burning stone is all there is to making lime. These kilns make all the way from eighty to 125 barrels of lime per day, depending upon their size and the amount ef fuel used. After drawing the lime from the kilns it is placed on brick floors to cool and is then ready for use. Here in Northern Michigan we pack nearly all of our product in barrels of 200 pounds each. In Ohio, Indiana and Wisconsin not more than 35 per cent. is so packed, the balance being shipped in bulk, that is, loaded loose in the cars. The demand for lime in bulk is increas- ing rapidly, and will continue to do so as cooperage is costing more each year, thus forcing the lime burners to make a greater charge for barrels. Many dealers are building storehouses especially for bulk lime. To keep well it must be put in a cool and dry | lace and away from the air as much as_ pos- sible. A piece of fresh lime would pre- serve its form almost indefinitely if sealed up tightly and kept cool, while the same piece would completely air- slack in twenty-four hours if laid out in the open air during warm weather. For this reason there is some chance for loss in handling bulk lime. Formerly only wood was used for burning lime, but now coal, coke, crude oil and natural and artificial gas are also extensively used. It is an acknowl- edged fact, however, that no fuel makes quite so satisfactory lime as hard wood. The method of burning has but little to do with the quality of lime. Very much more depends upon the stone. Limestone is found more or less exten- sively in nearly every state in the Union. It varies greatly both in ap- pearance and in chemical composition. Odd as it may seem, stone containing too much pure lime is as_ unsatisfactory for building purposes as that containing too much magnesia and other impuri- ties. I know of lime on the market the analysis of which shows that it contains less than 50 per cent. of pure lime, while other brands run all the way up to g6 per cent. The brands most in de- mand run from 80 to go per cent. Very few people know that immense quantities of lime and limestone are used for other than building purposes. Each of the large sugar factories now being built in this State will consume 1oo or more large carloads per season. Nearly all paper mills buy lime by the carload direct from the kilns, as do tanneries and the manufactories of glass, soda, soap, axle grease, wood alcohol, calcium carbide, wire and many other articles. Michigan’s supply of lime comes from Ohio, Indiana and Wisconsin in addition to that produced in the State. More Ohio lime is used than any other kind, except that made at Bay Shore and Petoskey, which is rapidly sup- planting all other brands by reason of its purity and strength. E. M. Sty. —__ 56> ___ Farmers around Armour, S. D., are still complaining of the scarcity of help. It -is a poor hand who can not get $2 a day in that section. In the vicinity of Bowdle farmers found it difficult to get the necessary help to take care of the crops. The wages paid are the highest that have been offered for several years. At Pierre the city authorities are unable to secure men to assist in putting in new water mains or to cut the weeds along the sidewalks. W. R. BRICE ESTABLISHED 1852 C. M. DRAKE W. R. BPiG6 & 60. Produce COMMISSION Merchants ~ Butter, Eggs, Poultry 23 South Water Strect, Philadelphia, Pa. we ee Watch us grow. Well do we remember forty-eight years ago when we started in business in this same old store which we have oc- cupied ever since. Our sales the first year were twelve thou- sand seven hundred dollars ($12,700), and we thought we ! were doing a heavy business Year by year we have been growing, and the year 1899 is high water in our existence Our sales of Butter, Eggs and Poultry will reach over the million dollar mark. We have built up this large business by fair, square business methods, quick sales and prompt returns at full market value. We make a specialty of Michigan, Ohio and Indiana goods, and can give you a satisfactory outlet for your ship- ments at all times whether large or small. We have the out- let, experience, and together with being thoroughly reliable financially, we solicit your shipments of Butter, Eggs and Poultry, which will be handled in a business manner by a business house. Help us grow by consigning us. References: Corn Exchange National Bank, Philadelphia. W. D Hayes, Cashier Hastings National Bank, Hastings, Mich. Fourth National Bank, Grand Rapids, Mich. D. C. Oakes, Banker, Coopersville, Mich. E. A. Stowe, Michigan Tradesman. £335388ssssss8s8s05008seesceesee‘seeeseeesee|ee‘seeese O@eee @eece- seeinniehinesinnlige ee MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 29 THE DAILY PRESS. Which Sixteen Wrought. Now that the Michigan Tradesman is sixteen years old, I am tempted to jot down a few thoughts--scarcely thoughts, but words—-reminiscent of the daily press of Grand Rapids since 1882. Yet I am but poorly qualified for such a talk, inasmuch as I left the active work of editorship on the Daily Eagle nearly twelve years ago and for the past seven years or more have resided on a farm forty miles distant from the Valley City. But it may be said, and is true asa fact, that in no department of business has there been greater or more rapid de- velopment during that sixteen years than in the printing and circulation of the daily papers. It is positively won- derful and almost bewildering. My mind wanders back through forty years Changes Years Have was starting on a new and hazardous ex- periment; but it has proven one in which his expectations and_ wildest hopes are more than realized, while, on the other hand, as remarkable also has been the booming of the daily press. Some of the changes were unforeseen, and disastrous, mayhap, to managers and aids. The old Eagle went the way of an enfeebled and wornout life. The Herald’s stalwart and remarkable growth has come in the later period, and that of the Evening Democrat claims a circulation beyond all former precedent in its career. In- deed, the daily paper, from the estate of being a sparingly-used luxury has_ be- come such a staple and necessary part of the family supply that its patrons and customers number thousands where there were but hundreds when the Tradesman was established. And to the daily Press also, while the and more, and the early career of the daily press seems much the more promi- nent to me, but its history would be like an old and familiar story. Prior to 1880, or thereabout, progress seemed slow and monotonous. Since then the age of the printer’s art seems to have almost vanished like a night’s vision—it is no longer an art, but a driving trade, pushed by steam and electricity. The work is almost auto- matic and the type run from the molten metal by machinery to-day is recast for to-morrow by the same power and proc- ess. It is one man doing the work of four, or, rather, guiding the machine, while engravings, likewise pictures of all sorts, are produced and printed with marvelous facility and rapidity. When the present editor of the Trades- man stepped out from the reporters’ staff of the Daily Eagle, it seemed to me like bidding good-bye to a dear friend who press, more than to any other single agency, doubtless, is Grand Rapids in- debted for its marvelous growth. While other newspapers have builded special- ties in business, the daily press has the wide field of a steady and strong push, and a_ push altogether, in all depart- ments of social and moral and _ literary and business life. And that field they are cultivating well. This is no place for invidious comparisons; the work goes nobly on, with a tireless energy no less marked than is the rapid progress of the times in which we live. And its editors are ‘‘instant in season and out of season’’ as the preachers and _ teach- ers. Let us hope that religiously and morally, as well as_ politically and socially, they may never backslide. Albert Baxter. a Life is full of trials—-and the lawyers are glad of it. cE Our New 1899 Lines of Holiday China and Glassware Novelties are now ready If you are interested in these lines write us quickly so that we may advise our traveler in your section to see you. We carry a full line of Foreign and Do- mestic Crockery, Table and Fancy Glass- ware, Fancy China and House Furnishing Goods, and make a specialty of 5, 10 and 25c bargain retailers. Our salesmen are now out with big lines of samples. We make special terms for early orders. Write for catalogue. Kinney & Levan 211-221 Bank Street, Cleveland, Ohio. aD 30 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN FIRE INSURANCE. Present Status of the Business in This State. A thorough canvass of the situation, insurance-wise, to-day will show that a profit out of insurance business is al- most impossible this year or for a few years to come, unless there is more co- operaiton among the companies and an advance in rates. While there was a small profit in 1898, as we obtained fair rates in 1897, there can be no profit: in 1899, because rates are lower than those of any other year and expenses are higher. The loss ratio up to July 1, 1899, as compared with the same period in 1898 is over ten million dollars greater. The legislatures in the various states for the past few years have taken up the question of insurance and have passed many antagonistic bills which work to the disadvantage of the ;companies and the insuring public. The business of insurance has been revolutionized in the past ten years. Companies that for- merly wrote but moderate lines on in- dividual risks to-day will carry ten times the amount and, by a system of re-insurance, reduce their liability, thus shutting off many companies from get- ting a line direct on the risk. The usual practice is for an owner to estimate the value of the property to be insured and take out a policy for the amount or such other less sum as may, in his judgment, be sufficient. How many agents in granting insurance care- fully estimate the value of the property and decline to place any sum on the risk beyond say, 75 or 80 per cent. of its value?) How many agents ask to look at the last inventory of a stock of mer- chandise or even ask if one was taken? I would not insure a man who, at least once a year did not only take but pre- serve an inventory in some safe place and also keep an intelligible merchan- dise account, subject to my inspection at my pleasure, as long as my policy was in force. Over valuations usually indicate fraud, aimed either at the in- surance company or the credit man. Companies should realize, as against a little extra premium, that the interest of the insured in the preservation of his property, on account of the value left to his own risk, is a wonderful safeguard from From these generalities | have allowed myself to believe that a fire insurance agent has a moral and a fiduciary responsibility that he does not always fully recognize and obey. We often hear the complaint that rates of insurance in the East are much lower than in the West. A study of what is being done in Massachusetts to lessen the number of fires and the loss to in- surance companies gives us an object lesson and indicates to us one way in which we might lessen the fire waste and eventually obtain much lower rates. We refer to the unnual report of Fire Marshal Whitcomb, of Massachusetts, who has charge of the investigation of all fires occuring in that commonwealth. He says: Thirty-three per cent. of the total number of incendiary fires were set for the purpose of defrauding insur- ance companies. In-16 per cent. of in- surance-defrauding fires the insured parties have had more than one fire; in other words, were people with a record. The three hundred and thirty-seven in- cendiary fires inthe State cost the insur- ance companies $473,473 and the four hundred and nine fires of unknown origin cost $1,255,702. The percentage of in- cendiary and unknown fires has been lowered from a former average of over loss. 35 per cent. to less than 18 percent. and Mr. Whitcomb thinks the good work has only just begun. Sixteen per cent. amounts to $24,999, all of which might be saved to the companies by more care in reporting and using the information. Michigan formerly had four stock in- surance companies-—the Detroit Fire and Marine Insurance Co. and the Michi- gan Fire and Marine Insurance Co., of Detroit; the Grand Rapids Fire Insur- ance Co., of Grand Rapids, and the Saginaw Valley Fire and Marine In- surance Co., of Saginaw. The Saginaw Valley Fire and Marine Insurance Co. was organized in 1893, with $100,000 captal; afterwards in- creased to $200,000. It did a very good business for the first four years of its existence, but the last years was rather disastrous on account of low rates and high expenses, and they were final- two is doing a business of nearly $150,000 in Michigan, which is more than any individual company in the State. Its assets to-day amount to $500,000, with a surplus of over $100,000, and it has paid $138,000 in dividends in the past thir- teen years. These dividends, however, did not come from the fire insurance business but from the fine investments made by the Execuitve Committee, which looks after its loans and mort- gages. Its income from investments to- day amounts to over $30,000 a year. The three Michigan companies work in harmony and have incorporated what is known as the Michigan Inspection Bureau. This Bureau makes all the rates and forms in the entire State, and nearly all of the agents in the State of Michigan go to it for information as re- gards the proper writing of policies and through this Bureau the people to-day ly compelled to re-insure their busi- ness, which they did in 1899 and went out of existence. . The Detroit Fire and Marine Insur- ance Co. was organized in 1866. It went through the big Chicago fire, paying dollar for dollar of its losses. This fire wiped out the capital stock and surplus, but it was only a short time before the company reorganized and was on its feet again, and it has shown a very steady growth ever since. The Michigan Fire and Marine In- surance Co. was organized in 1881 and has a capital of $400,000. It does a good business in Michigan. The Grand Rapids Fire Insurance Co. was organized in_ 1882, with $100,000 capital; afterwards increased to $200,000. The first five years of its existence the Grand Rapids Fire Insur- ance Co. did a business of less than $25,000 in its own State, while to-day it are accomodated with policy forms and riders that much better protect their in- terests than if left to the usual local agent to get up. If a person would take the trouble to look into the loss ratio of the companies doing business in the State of Michigan and compare the loss ratio of the three Michigan companies with that of the foreign and companies of other states he he would find that the Michigan compa- nies’ loss ratio is much smaller than that of the other companies doing business in the State, their average being below 50 per cent. ratio, while the other compan- ies is above 55 percent. ratio. This simply goes to show that the Michigan companies get.the choice of the business in Michigan and, being organized in two of the largest cities of the State, they get what is known as the cream of the business in those cities. Then, again, they employ special agents whose only duty is to inspect the business put on their books, and in that manner they weed out all undesirable risks and keep in touch with their business more close- ly than the outside companies do. The Michigan companies received in prem- iums in 1898 $350,996.29. Companjes of other states, $2,819,008, while the for- eign companies received $1, 421,983. 13. It should be the aim of every policy holder in the State of Michigan to se- cure a policy in the home companies, as these companies are a great benefit to the State and do as much toward ad- vertising the State of Michigan as any corporation in the State and in case of a loss, they ensure a prompt and satis- factory settlement. W. Fred McBain. a ee Unofticial History of the Fly Paper In- dustry. No history of the fly paper industry of Grand Rapids will probably ever be written because of the reluctance of those on the inside to say anything whatever about the buisness in any of its branches. In all probability, no en- terprise has ever been conceived and carried forward with so little publicity as has marked the fly paper business es- tablished here by the Thum brothers ten or a dozen years ago. As near as the Tradesman can ascertain the facts, how- ever, the sticky paper was first manu- factured by H. & F. Thum when they were in the retail drug business on Canal street. Otto Thum, a younger brother, did not take to the drug busi- ness, but appeared to have a natural leaning toward mechanics and_ spent most of his time in and around the Leitelt foundry and machine shop. As the demand for fly paper increased, Otto and the youngest brother, William, un- dertook its manufacture in a barn in the rear of the Thum homestead on Bowery street, using a crude machine contrived by Otto Thum and manufactured under his personal supervision. As the de- mand increased and the business out- grew the barn, land was purchased on the location of the present factory and a small plant was erected. From that time on the business has been one of marvelous growth, the buildings now covering many acres of ground, while the output of the factory finds a market in every country where flies abound. Hugo and Ferdinand Thum sold their retail drug store and joined their young- er brothers in the management of the business, and a couple of years ago they purchased Otto’s interest in the busi- ness for an even $100,000. How much this interest was the Tradesman has no means of knowing, but the assumption is that it represented a one-quarter in- terest at that time. Less than a year ago the other three brothers sold the business outright to Berry Bros., of De- troit, for $600,000 in cash, purchasing a small stock interest in the re-organ- ized company and giving it the benefit of their best thought and attention. Few interests have sprung up with greater rapidity or developed a larger amount of profit within a given time than the fly paper factory of the O. & W. Thum Co. a Local Expressmen Not Common Carriers. The Commissioner of Internal Reve- nue has decided that local baggage ex- pressmen are not common carriers, and consequently not affected by the provi- sions of the new United States Internal Revenue act, which requires every com- mon carrier to give a receipt for goods accepted by him for transportation, and to affix to it a one-cent stamp. This re- lieves local baggage carriers from pay- ing a tax of one cent for each trunk or article of baggage transported by them. OR MICHIGAN TRADESMAN | ! aXe Gite \ Wor den Grocer Co. Importers and Jobbers 2. y ZA ss. = ay se Hd Cee as SON WY | All XD 2 Ny y J y Yj Oss cS YW YY y y By ya SSSI - == HERE ARE OUR LEADERS -- Quakeress, Queen, Princess and Perfection Teas. Quaker Coffees. Laurel and Quaker Flour. Dutchess Corn, Lima Beans and Succotash. Lakeside Peas, 6 grades. W. L. FREEMAN, Prest. CHAS. F. ROOD, V. Prest. te) on Fe) X aN Ne . WY AAT S Wr Ai WES HN Ve ATTA / yy St y id \ i NY == ——— SS Nx <= SAYS “Ne Nt Ny (meat YM iif Wad . DOV pS, Jersey Cheese. WM. ‘1. BUTTS, Sec’y. W. F. BLAKE, Treas. 1 OO OO OO SO Quaker Canned Goods. Jas. S. Kirk & Co's Soaps. Dinner Party High GradeCanned Goods. Boro-Lithia, Mineral and Table Waters and Hygeia Ginger Ale. 32 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN FURNITURE TRADE. Some Changes Which Sixteen Years Have Wrought. Where ‘‘many are called, but few are chosen, ’’ a seventeenth annual is indeed an occasion worthy of special commem- oration. Many trade journals come, but few survive; and it affords me great pleasure to extend to the energetic pub- lisher and able editor of the Tradesman my personal congratulations on the cele- bration of this the seventeenth annivers- ary of the establishment of his journal and wish that its shadow may never grow less and its field for usefulness continue to expand. A retrospection of the past seventeen years reveals wonderful changes in many lines of trade and industry. Especially has the development of electricity, par- ticularly as applied to the telephone, rev- olutionized business methods. The es- tablishment of the gold standard in this and other countries, by which untold millions of dollars’ worth of property has been confiscated to the owners of money, and business men who have been _bank- rupted by the tens of thousands, has wonderfully changed the personnel of the business world and compeled trans- actions to be conducted on smaller mar- The revolution that 1s continually business affairs, as well as gins. working in in nature, has brought and is_ bringing interests that, if used rightly and discreetly by those concerned, may be productive of great good, but if used selfishly and solely for personal gain it will be the cause of and strife the end of which no man can foretell. The increase of population during the last sixteen years and the remarkable changes in transportation facilities have altered many and established new cen- ters of trade and industry. Manufac- tories that flourished in certain localities have never to return, but other centers have been built up and will have their day. Such has been the perience of the furniture industry, of which I have been invited to write pecially. I assume that furniture was one of the subjects selected by the editor for the reason that the manufacture of furniture is really one of the important industries of Grand Rapids and of the State, and it has become such largely in the past sixteen Twenty-five years ago there was little or no fine furniture made in the United States outside of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Rochester and Cincinnati. When I speak of furniture in this article, I do not include parlor goods or chairs, but refer only to cabi- net work, as this is the specialty in which Michigan excels. To-day the manufacturers in those cities have all about a consolidation of contention vanished, ex- Cc yea rS. disappeared—-some retired, others were bankrupted—-and the fine furniture is now made in the Great Middle West, with Grand Rapids recognized, even by our most persistent competitors, as the center. This is the Mecca to which all of the large furniture dealers of the country semi-annually journey, and its ascendance, in the judgment of the writer, is assured for at least the next generation. In the evolution of the furniture busi- ness many changes have been wrought during these sixteen years. The cost of manufacture has been largely reduced, by the introduction of new machinery and by the methods of doing business, so that it is possible to-day to adorn the home with artistic furniture at a mini- mum cost, and this has resulted in in- ‘i i creased sales of articles that were con- sidered purchasable only by the wealthy twenty years ago. Then a lady’s writ- ing desk was a novelty. To-day they are so cheap that every lady has one. Formerly the musician was satisfied with a common rack for music. To-day a beautiful mahogany cabinet can be pur- chased for $10, and the demand for them has enormously increased. Artistically designed bookcases have supplanted, at the same cost, the old hanging book shelves, and china closets, sideboards and a dozen other articles that were a luxury a few years ago are to-day possi- ble to people of very moderate means. Furniture has become an educator. It has cultivated the artistic side of our nature. It has made the home beautiful and, with good books and good society, is making the home better. On _ the other hand, the furniture industry has not developed proportionately, taking field of furnituremaking been encroached upon to such an extent that its growth has been proportionately less than other important industries. The exportation of American furni- ture has done much to maintain the in- dustry ; yet this feature is only in its in- fancy. Under a consolidation of inter- ests it would be possible to increase this trade tenfold. We beat the world now on prices. Intelligent and _ persistent efforts in catering to foreign wants would give us the world’s markets. The volume of trade at the present time is the largest it has been since 1892; but the margin of profit is reduced. Wages have become considerably advanced in the last years, but still are about 10 per cent. less than in 1894. The immedi- ate future holds out a promise of com- parative prosperity, which is being availed of to the fullest extent possible. the country at large, with many other lines of manufacture, and it is question- able whether the total production to- day exceeds that of ten years ago. One reason for this is that the manufacture of wooden beds has practically been destroyed by the substitution of metal beds, which, by the way, are only fit for an asylum or sanitarium. The craze for them has nearly run its course and the demand for artistic wooden beds _ is again increasing. Also sanitary require- ments have substituted stationary wash- stands for the old wooden ones, which is a good change. Then, again, the manufacture of wardrobes sixteen years ago was a very large business. To-day it is insignificant, as all modern houses, no matter how humble, are provided with closets. Many of the better houses now building are constructed with sideboards and bookcases in the walls of the re- spective rooms. Thus has the legitimate The wrecks of furniture ventures that are strewn along the pathway of com- merce are a silent warning of the fate that awaits the majority of those who embark in manufacturing enterprises without the special qualifications and experience necessary to insure success. These reminders of failure are scattered from Gotham to the Golden Gate and from the wheatlands of the North to the perfumed gardens of the Gulf. But they will not deter others. New enterprises will be launched, the major- ity of which must fail. During the past sixteen years more factories have passed out of existence than are with us to-day. The race is to the swift. The relentless competition of the commercial life of to-day heeds not the weak. It has no charity. It grinds as between the up- per and the nether millstones those who fall behind. This condition is not only a detriment to capital, but is an injus- tice to labor. How long will it con- tinue?) Why. would not co-operation among owners be a good _ substitute for this senseless competition, which is not the life of trade? Chas. R. Sligh. The Summer Vacation. Americans have been accused of _tak- ing life too seriously, and so the setting apart of the summer as a kind of annual vacation season has been hailed with loud acclaim as an indication that at’ last, as a nation, we were learning how to play. The theory in itself has every- thing to recommend it. We all know that the bow too tightly bent snaps the easiest, and that overworked nerves and muscles and brain are sure sooner or later to revenge themselves in sickness. No one can question for a moment the advantages to be derived from a season of perfect rest and relaxation from the cares of life. Unhappily this beautiful theory of a vacation and the real thing seldom co- incide. The rich woman who goes off to a swell summer resort where she must make half a dozen elaborate toilets a day, and where life resolves itself into a relentless race for display, surely can not be said to get either rest or relaxa- tion from her outing. With the poorer woman the result is generally equally unsuccessful. The prelude to her going has been weeks of slaving over the sew- ing machine, twisting and turning, and contriving, that she may make a credit- able appearance among peoy le better off than herself, and where, after all her trouble, she finds not peace and rest, but envy and heartburning. Such a one, looking back over the money spent and effort wasted, might well declare that the game is not worth the candle. With the working woman the case is even worse. The money for the trip, and the inevitable clothes, represent many pinching economies, and when she finds that it only buys a little closet- like room in a big summer hotel, and the privilege of sitting around on the gallery and looking lonesome, it is no wonder that she feels she has been taken in and deceived by the rosy pictures of vacation life. One such woman, who has had this experience a number of times, has invented what she calls a home vacation, which she is enjoying this year. I had two weeks’ leave of ab- sence from my desk, she said, and I asked myself what was it in an ideal summer trip I should enjoy. First, of course, I said, mopping my perspiring brow, I should revel in cool breezes. Thereupon I had an electric fan put in my room, at about a tenth of what it would cost me to reach anywhere by rail where there was the remotest pros- pect of a cool zephyr. Then, of course, I should want to go to some place where I could enjoy delicious fish. Well, to realize that in a perfection that no sum- mer hotel ever dreamed of on earth, I have only to put on my hat and go toa little French restaurant I know, where the fish and crabs and shrimp are enough to melt the heart of a stone im- age. When I want to wander under the greenwood tree I go out to the parks with my book, where nature is just as unsophisticated as it is around any sum- mer hotel. Best of all, I don’t have to dress, or run any fire of criticism on my clothes, and when I lounge on a _ couch, under my electric fan, with a cooling drink, and a good novel, I’m not envy=: Eo. ing any tripper, as the English call ex: :3 cursionists, en MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 83 ESTABLISHED 1872 LENNON & WHEELER COMPANY Wholesale Grocers GRAND RAPIDS. MICH. ah AGENTS FOR WASHBURN, CROSBY CO.’S BOLD MEDAL PORISION FLOUR “AMERICA’S GREATEST FLOURS a a A a ’ 4 ' a * ® ' { , , ’ r, 2 » * x 2 4 ‘ % a > é a i ‘ A - . ee ae : a a is cetaceans uu i eel pias aig Tea a stnintetnebieanin alia 2 > ‘ v & 4 ! : > ‘ v ’ * ® 1 ‘ 4 ‘ \ » 4 * * > s & ‘ 4 4 4 J 4 f > : b b ° : ' y ‘ : “4 ’ . o_o an) Ae, him fi MIM Ys 2 Aaa es ' Veena / tye eet ene KG SAE! SAS! SAS! SAS! SAGAS! SAG! SAG! SAG! CAG! HG! AGS On SAG' SAG SAD AD! HG HG! AG AGG? CHE! OHS! CHE! HE! AG! AS! AS’ KE AE KE KE HE GS 34 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN RAILWAY DEVELOPMENT. Wonderful Strides Achieved During the Past Sixteen Years. In complying with your request for an article on railroad development, I can do no better than to take up the subject where Mr. Shelby dropped it last year, although he covered the ground so fully I may be found to be repeating to some extent. However, I will do the best I can from convenient records in the limited time at my disposal. Railroad development has been of such great magnitude during the past fifty years that it seems almost impos- sible to treat more than one phase of it at a time and do it justice. Michi- gan is an excellent index of what has been done and is being done in railroad development over the entire country and it is a great satisfaction to find it in the foremost ranks of the states enjoying freedom from labor troubles and uni- form protection of its citizens in their relations with the great common carriers. In 1880 the capital invested in rail- roads in the United States was _ $5, 400, - 000, 000 ; the gross earnings, $613,000, 000, or 11.3 per cent. of the capital invested ; the net earnings, 4.7 per cent. In 1897 the capital invested was $11,518,000, - 000; the gross earnings, $1, 123,000, 920, or 9.7 per cent. of the capital invested ; the net earnings were 2.9 per cent. In the United States the advancement is indicated by the following figures : Miles of railway, 1883, 106,938. Miles of railway, 1897, 181, 133. Passengers carried, 1883, 312,686,641. Passengers carried, 1897, 504, 106,205. Average rate per passenger per mile, 1883, 2.422 cents. Average rate per passenger per mile, 1897, 2.029. Freight transported, 1883, 400, 453,439 tons. Freight transported, 1897, 788, 385,448 tons. Average rate per ton per mile, 1883, 224 cents. : Average rate per ton per mile, 1897, 0.783 cents. In the group termed by the Interstate Commerce Commission as_ the Central Northern States, which includes Michi- gan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wis- consin, the following figures show that this section of the country has held _ its own in comparison with the other parts of the country and when the small _pro- portion of population per acre is com- pared with the East, the comparison is decidedly more favorable for this sec- tion: Miles of railway, 1883, 38,903. Miles of railway, 1897, 53,899. Passengers carried, 1883, 70,849,750. Passengers carried, 1897, 111,413,808. Average rate per passenger per mile, 1883, 2.36 cents. Average rate per passenger per mile, 1897, 2.06 cents. Freight transported, 1883, 118,323,072 tons. Freight transported, 1897, 224,298,857 tons. Average rate per ton per mile, 1883, 1.04 cents. Average rate per ton per mile, 1897, 0.73 cents. Since the birth of the Tradesman, I recall the following notable features in railway progress: Then, within this State there were no interlocking switch- ing arrangements with protection signals and derailers, which are now in general use and which permit the running of trains at high speed over grade cross- ings with other railroads with perfect safety. Labor in the shops has been largely changed from hand to mechan- ical power ; pneumatic and electric tools now do the work in less than half the time formerly taken by hand and do it better. Electric cranes pick up and move an entire engine and equally heavy weights from one part of the shop to another with ease and speed. Freight cars are painted now by spraying on the paint with pneumatic power and in one- fifth the time formerly taken by hand and with better results. Sixteen years ago the more advanced railroads in this State were laid with 56 pound steel rails ; many of the others were iron. Now the rails of practically all the railroads are of steel and range from 70 to go pounds per yard. Then the bridges were mostly wooden; now they are of steel and stone. The maximum capacity for freight cars was 30,000 pounds; to-day they are generally 60,000, some running as high as 80,000, and on some of the larger lines, principally coal carrying roads, cars are built of 100,000 pounds capacity. Sixteen years ago many of the locomotives in this State burned wood; now they burn coal. Cattle guards were then crude affairs of wood laid across a pit dug in the ground, now they are iron and laid on the sur- face. Sixteen years ago the largest en- gines were of 16 by 24 inch cylinders and weighing 80,000 pounds; to-day I9 by 24 inch cylinder engines weighing 125,000 pounds are in general use and in many cases, on roads with heavy grades, engines of still greater weight and ca- pacity are used. The application of vestibules to passenger coaches, insur- ing increased comfort and safety, has been effected since the birth of the Tradesman. The first of what are termed ‘‘limited’’ trains were inaugurated within a short time before the first ap- pearance of your paper. Improvement in these trains has been very marked al- most every year since that time and_ to- day they are of unprecedented luxury, furnishing, as a rule, to the people traveling, accommodations greatly in excess of what they enjoy at home. During the life of your paper, railways have been extended into Old Mexico, so that our people are now and have been in close touch with the citizens of that old, rich and romantic country for a number of years past. On many of the richer and larger lines, features for the comfort, education and moral improvement of the men have been established that did not before exist, such as libraries, hospitals and branches of the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion, all of which are fostered by the railroads. Ona number of the railroad lines, relief and life insurance associa- tions have been established, together with savings banks and pension depart- ments, for the benefit and care of their employes. There is a_ disposition amounting to an intention on the part of the roads throughout this country gen- erally to extend these well-known bene- fits and improvements as fast as they are able to. When the Tradesman made its first appearance it was the custom of rail- road companies to suspend or fine em- ployes guilty of carelessness or disobedi- ence of orders. This method was found to inflict a greater punishment upon the families of the employes than upon the employes and the enforced idleness offered temptations for dissipation which affected seriously the morals of the men and the discipline of the service, in addition to which, during the time of suspension, the men were without pay and thereby frequently incurred heavy indebtedness which became burdensome loads for them to carry. Several years ago a new system of discipline was in- augurated. This system provides that a record of each employe in the respec- Columbian Transter Company — 15, 17 and 19 N. Market St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Telephone 381. Transfer Business Passenger and Freight Service Heavy Trucking Parcel Delivery Household Moving Dry and Cold Storage General Warehousemen ah Six years ago we purchased the business of Ball & Waters. At that time the company handled only the passenger and baggage business between the depots, hotels and private houses. Since then we have added the freight trucking, dry and cold storage and warehouse business of the Grand Rapids Storage & Transfer Co., and more recently we have also added _ the parcel delivery, moving van, household moving and storage business of the Red Line Transfer Co. We started in 1893 with thirty-four men and forty- two horses; to-day we are working one hundred and five men and one hundred and nineteen horses, and are in a position to promptly take care of any business of- fered us in our particular lines. a © Responsible and Satisfactory Service Guaranteed t r MICHIGAN TRADESMAN tive department, shall be carefully kept, so that it can be accurately determined when the employe becomes so generally unsatisfactory as to unfit him for further service. Under this system a certain number of marks are charged against _ the record of an employe for each case of carelessness resulting in loss or dam- age to the company’s property and the number of marks charged against a man’s record is from 1 to 60 according to the character of the offense. When 60 marks have been charged against the record of an employe, his services are dispensed with. For every twelve con- secutive months of service free from de- mérit marks, ten marks are deducted from any that may have previously been charged against the employe. Employes are offered every opportunity for appeal- ing against any decision. This system of discipline has brought about material improvement in the condition of the men and the morale of the service and many of the roads have already adopted it and others are fast falling into line. The genius of our country is daily promulgating some device for the gen- eral improvement of the service. Prob- ably 99 per cent. of these devices are found in actual practice to be worthless. There are, however, of the remainder sufficient with merit to aid in the ma- terial development of the railway prop- erties and these are being promptly made use of. Railroad development has been demonstrated more effectively in the constant improvement in the busi- ness relations and confidence between the railway management and their pa- jrons than in any other direction. This is becoming more and more marked every year and is solidifying the great commercial interest of our public ina way that is best demonstrated by the magnificent results which the press of our country so clearly and thoroughly place before us daily. Chas. M. Heald. —_> 0.>__ Some Store Mottoes. One of the best store mottoes I have seen recently is, We are not satisfied unless you are. This was hung ina prominent place just inside the street door of a general store in a country town. It was printed in large stencil letters on a sheet of manila paper about 25 by soinches. It was so suspended from the ceiling that it could be read very easily by any one entering the store. It is a good business motto. Another motto I saw not long ago read, We never try to sell goods you do not want. Many merchants make the mistake of having their clerks force goods upon customers, whether the customer really wants the goods or not, and whether the goods are really satisfactory or not. I have seen customers take goods they knew they did not want, and the clerk knew it, and the probability is the proprietor also knew it. The clerk or the proprie- tor was more persistent than the custom- er, and so forced the cusomer to buy. I do not believe it ever pays to force a customer to take things he does not want. Another motto, displayed in a Kansas City department store, reads, We carry nothing beyond its season. If the merchant really does business in this way, and has no out-of-date goods, and carries nothing in stock longer than its season, he is quite sure to draw trade with such a motto. However, if he puts up a sign of that kind, inviting custom- ers to examine his goods, and they find the goods are not strictly in season, and are not exactly as represented by the sign, the merchant will be the loser. Store mottoes are good_ things, and should be used plentifully in all country stores. They should be neat and attract- ive, neither too large nor small, and there should be no pretense at fancy lettering. Above all other considera- tions, they should be truthful. Why Grand Rapids Soap Wactories Have Not Succeeded. Replying to your communication rela- tive to the establishment of a soap in- dustry in this city, would say that the history of such an enterprise, locally, is one of business disaster. My own experience was no exception to the rest. I can only state my own individual ex- perience as to the cause, but I believe that the obstacles which I had to en- counter apply in a general way to the business. The facts are, the old established companies--Kirk, Babbitt and Procter & Gamble—and such companies as have been in business for years have estab- lished such a reputation that it is im- possible to break in upon their custom- ers. This is made still more secure from the fact that it is women who es- tablish the merit of the commodity and they are not prepared to change their minds on the value of such household articles very suddenly and there is not margin of value enough in a bar of soap to encourage a dealer to debate the sub- ject with his lady customer to convince her that a new article contains an equal degree of merit. When a lady asks for Fairbank’s soap, she will not take any other and this leaves the new, untried article without a market. To my mind, I do not know of a more hopeless venture than the establishment of a soap business in this city; not that our peopte are disposed to be unclean, but rather they make use of soap that has an ungestioned reputation. I predicted for the Challenge poeple the misfortune that has overtaken them. They solicited me when they were about to establish their business, but my ex- perience has been too convincing and | told them frankly that in time they would only have the wrong side of — the loss and gain account to tell the story of their misfortune. M. Shanahan. ——_-_-> 2. __—_ Value of a Stock Book. A large element in the success of any business is the ability to purchase goods properly. This is as true in the store business as in any place else. There are several kinds of buyers: First, the plunger, who buys in large quantities simply because by so doing he can save a few cents a pound or dozen, not taking into consideration his reasonable wants at all; then the man who is interested in mere cheapness of price, losing sight of quality entirely in his endeavor to get a low quotation; next we have the buyer who is afraid to buy enough goods to supply his wants for fear he will overstock. It is plain to everybody that neither of these can be called a good buyer. A good buyer will not sac- rifice quality for price, but will seek to buy goods as cheaply as possible ; he will not buy in quantities in excess of his legitimate wants in order to save a few cents a pound, while he loses twice the amount saved in having the excess over his wants as dead stock. In order to buy intelligently one must know how goods sell, what is a reason- able price to pay for them, and what grade of goods are best suited to his wants. Nothing gives a merchant so much information in regard to just what he wants to know asa well-kept stock book. Such a book will give just such information as is necessary to enable the buyer to have a_ complete record, not only of prices paid, but when and from} whom purchased, and also the quantity purchased. In other words, such a book, if properly kept, is a complete history of purchases made, and as such is an indispensable aid to the intelli- gent purchasing of goods. ESSE Edson, Moore & Company Wholesale Dry Goods ESSE SE Detroit, 2 Michigan We keep everything in staple dry goods, also a complete stock of Dress Goods, Linings, Notions, Underwear and Furnishings. We handle the entire product of the Ste. Clair Manufacturing Company, and now have on sale the Fall line of Wool and Silk Waists, Ladies’ Dressing Jackets, Skirts, Wrappers, Men’s and Women’s Night Gowns, etc., etc. All are strictly high grade goods of the best material and finish, and are sold at popular prices. 36 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN DRUG TRADE. Some Features Gained and Some Advan- tages Lost. It is probable that there is no man in the mercantile line about whom so much is said and who is more in the public eye than the druggist. His preparation, through an apprenticeship and_ the proper line of education, which in most cases is tedious and unremunerative, fits him for the practice of pharmacy and at that point his business above all others should be regarded as a profes- sion. He is trusted implicitly by his patrons and stands next to the physician in his skill and the possession of the secrets of private and home life. He practices pharmacy under the strict sur- veillance of state laws, the public expects him to be competent, genteel, neat in his personal appearance, to be on duty sixteen hours each day of the week, and, all these things considered, his remu- neration is not in proportion to the re- quirements. The work of the pharmacist, as of the physician, is accompanied with a cer- tain element of danger and he must be so educated that this can be almost en- tirely eliminated and this is one great reason why his work should command good wages and why the drug business should treated with ruthless hands by other branches of trade. The drug business is subjected to a large amount of criticism, and on ac- count of its peculiar character is called upon to pay a tax to the State. If the Government is in need of a war revenue, those in charge of legislative enactment at once turn their attention to the drug- gist and oblige him to stamp his pat- ents, toilet articles and specialties, while his neighbor, the grocer, the dry goods merchant or the clothier, free except for the stamp he puts upon bank checks. The department and the dry goods merchant have played no small part in reducing the volume of the drug business and robbing it of its legitimate portion along certain lines. At the time when the cutting of prices was at its worst came. our late panic, yet through all this the retail drug trade of Michi- gan has come ‘‘tried as by fire,’’ and had it not been for the good reputation of men in this line, their willingness to do hard work and to be rigidly econom- ical, the result would have been very different. The old adage that ‘‘he who by the plow would thrive must himself either hold or drive’’ has been truly ver- ified by the retail druggist. On account of the infringement by the department stores and others, the vol- ume of sales of the city druggist espe- cially has been thereby reduced to the minimum, and it has occurred to our correspondent and many others who think seriously along these lines that as the state law requires an educational preparation, the Government assesses a yearly tax and when necessary a war revenue tax, that in proportion to the requirements should there be protection, why should not the pirates upon this line be obliged to give back that which belongs legitimately to the druggist, and for the handling and sale of which he has been fitted by education and pays whatever tax is required?’’ And _ again, considering all these things, why should not the number of druggists be limited by law, that is, one druggist to every so many hundred or thousand people? This would all bring back to the druggist what belongs to him, increase the vol- ume, regulate the price and advance the business to a profession. not be goes store In looking backward fifteen or twenty years, many of us remember distinctly the labor with the iron mortar and drug mill, also the goodly housewife who bought numerous packages of dyestuffs. These are now things of the past. There haae also come to the druggist the nu- merous formulas and preparations of the manufacturing pharmacist simplify- ing his work, but at the same time creating a doubt as to whether this has not robbed him of a certain amount of profit. All this has in the period men- tioned made a radical change in the stocks of the retailer and wholesaler and, of course, brought a certain amount of loss. Truly the druggist must be a versatile creature and be prepared for who have not done so before are dis- counting their bills. If our present good condition should remain with us for a time and one or two of the evils referred to be corrected, it would be but a just and equitable remuneration. Our State has a large number of drug men that can remember for fifteen or twenty years who, whether in the assem- bly hall or in the marts of trade, do honor to the business and not only de- serve but have acquired a competency we somewhat adequate to the irresponsibili- ties and undertakings. The druggist is truly deserving of bet- ter things and may the present improved conditions be but a foretaste, a dawn- every freak in human nature and adjust himself speedily to every change in his line as it occurs. Since Jan. 1, 1898, there has been a decided movement for the better in all lines of trade, and the druggist has_ en- joyed his share and has really had a breathing spell. The volume of sales has increased, buying has been stimu- lated on account of slight advances in values, the laboring man has been gen- erally employed, there is less dickering as to retail prices in many localities and hence better results to all have been achieved. It is noticeable that, in the period mentioned, many obligations have been satisfied, old balances carried through the panic have been reduced and many ing of a brighter day to come! It mat- ters not whether we are wholesalers or retailers, we realize that our watchwords must always be capability, economy and strict attention to business. Lee M. Hutchins. ee Overconfident. ‘“Yes, 1 want a man—a_ competent man,’’ said the head of the firm. ‘‘Can you Carry a message to Garcia?’’ _ ‘Sure!’ replied the applicant for a job. **Who’s Garcia?’’ —_2e.___ Knows More Now. Wife—You used to call me an angel before we were married. Husband—-I believed it myself then E —__ ee 2a___ Some men are born great, and some have to be elected. Why Beauties Are Not Wanted in Depart- ment Stores, From the New York Sun. I’m very much afraid I can not find a place behind our counters for you, said the appointment clerk of the big department store with a negative shake of his head which implied all manner of sorrowful things. The applicant, a young girl of remarkable beauty, turned away with a sigh and a shower of tears seemed imminent. Oh, dear! she faltered. I understood you needed at least ten saleswomen, and | certainly could furnish you the best of references as to my ability to sell. This is the seventh place I have applied for this morning. I’ve no luck at all. Why, I thought you said you were hard pressed for competent saleswomen ! remonstrated the reporter as the beauti- ful young woman vanished. Well, so I did, fetorted the clerk. Then why did you not give that one a chanece? Surely her beauty— Her beauty? interrputed the clerk. That's the sole reason why I refused her, and it is also, perhaps, the sole reason why she did not obtain any of the six other places she sought. This is the era of the plain girl in business, and the girl whose beauty is so insistent that none may deny it has to step’ aside for her sisters who are less bountifully en- dowed with charms of face and figure. You will find that is the case in every important department store in New York, not to mention scores of retail es- tablishments of less magnitude. Not that there is any aversion to a modicum of beauty in the saleswoman; rather, that is often to be desired; but pro- nounced loveliness is entirely too at- tractive both to its possessor and con- templator to facilitate the interests of employers. Go into any large retail store in the shopping districts and you will see scores of saleswomen who are downright plain, although not positively ugly, and an equal number of girls who might be set down as_ pretty without stretching the truth; but you will seldom find one whose charm of face or grace of form is so near perfection as to hold you spellbound. Once there was a great establishment set up in the heart of the shopping section, whose sales- women were all conspicuous for their beauty. The establishment made a spe- cialty of feminine loveliness behind its counters and laregly advertised the fact. What was the result? Why, the store was crowded from morning to night with persons who came to take in the beauty show, but rarely remained to purchase merchandise. Dudes and mashers were always hanging around, and, lost in the admiration of their own charms, the beautiful saleswomen had little. time to devote to their real mis- sion. in the store, which eventually went up the commercial flue with a rush. No, a really beautiful girl will not do for the big metropolitan stores. Her advent behind the counter is only an invitation for customers to stop and stare, for women to become envious, and consequently prejudiced against the establishment which retains her; for fel- low clerks to become jealous of her su- perior attractions, and for foppish male shoppers to flirt with her. She may be a paragon of modesty, virtue and inno- cence, but still the fact remains that she is a beauty, has probably been told so often and is not liable to forget it, and that, in all likelihood, she will render conspicuous the salient features of her prettiness rather than keep them under cover to the promotion of her employer’s interests. Another reason for this opposition to the very beautiful saleswoman is that she is rarely clever at making sales, be- ing too much absorbed in her personal affairs, where the plain girl, who must rely on her mental abilities to win the battle of life, cultivates her persuasive... faculties and becomes an expert in the manipulation of a convincing tongue. To be a good saleswoman one must. be, :. free from self-consciousness, and_-who could expect a_ strikingly creature to forget herself? handsome ° PES aa MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 37 Our Fall and Winter stock is now complete, comprising a full ey and elegant selection of trimmed and untrimmed hats, | ee lhe pee including a large assortment of Walking Hats and Golf Hats, | im | Ribbons, Velvets, Velveteens, Ostrich and Fancy Feathers, | Ornaments and Novelties. During the month of September we will have on display over 2000 Pattern Hats, including the latest importations. Special display of Patterns during State Fair week. Our hats are strictly practical; we have no others. Your orders are solicited. iia | | ia SPOR WAM: ba oh > 0 Wy | Re it t CORL, KNOTT & CO., | ie 20 AND 22 NORTH DIVISION ST., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. | 7 IMPORTERS ASN 4 AND JOBBERS OF Le i Ni ~ eae mir Ie ies r R he ar : Sel aeeaehehee hee ee The Michigan State Fair: : The Fiftieth Annual Industrial Exposition of the products of the State will be held at ra + = Wee eer mh) i aR Se a ro Kevoltul Uf Wa elt asi , Grand Rapids, Sept. 25, 20, 27, 28, 29 The Industries of Michigan are more numerous and varied than any State in the Union. They will all be represented at the State Fair. A special invitation is extended to the readers of the Michigan Tradesman to assist the management in making this the “Banner Fair.” Exhibits invited. Space free. Come to the Fair and ask your friends to come with you. Half Fare on all railroads. If you wish a premium list address 1. H. BUTTERFIELD, Secretary, Grand Rapids. M. P. ANDERSON, Pres., Midland. L. J. RINDGE, Vice-Pres., Grand Rapids. C. W. YOUNG, Treas., Paw Paw. EUGENE FIFIELD, Chair. Bus. Com., Bay City. F. E. SKEELS, Supt. Main Bldg, Harrietta. Cae eT MP REA Oe ER MRICS Pere tee 38 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Woman’s World Blundering Ignorance of a Would-Be Reformer. Miss Aurelia always said that it was providential that she had no troubles of her own, as it left her all her time to look after other people's affairs, and as she was one of those who never have the slightest hesitation in making them- selves spokesman for heaven we ac- cepted it as a fiat of inscrutable wis- dom, just as we did her abounding health and ample fortune and general good luck. It must be confessed that in the old days at Hudson, before Miss Aurelia’s energy and talent outgrew the little vil- lage, we were far from appreciating her at her true worth. A prophet is not without honor save in his own country and among his own kinsmen and it is certain that a reformer is never so little appreciated as by the people he at- tempts to reform. Wherefore there were those who were the objects of her well- meant efforts who called her a meddler and expressed a fervent opinion that she would be better off minding her own business. You see, we were an old- fashioned and provincial community, where everybody knew everybody else and their parents and grandparents be- fore them, and while we recognized each other’s weaknesses we were given to making excuses for them as one does in one’s own family, when we grudingly admit that John isn’t very clever, may- be, but add he has the best heart in the world, or that Susan isa little quick- tempered, but she is the soul of gener- osity and sympathy. And after that, having accepted John and Susan as they were, we were apt to let them alone, enjoying their good qualities and over- looking their faults. Miss Aurelia held with no such lax opinion. There was no shading in her view of life. Everything was clean-cut —black or white—right or wrong—with no softening shadows in which the two were indissolubly blended. She was never perplexed, as weaker mortals are, by that misty border-land in which are faults so gentle and so kindly and so tender that they lean to virtue’s side, and virtues so cruel and so harsh fhey seem a crime upon goodness. With her only one thing was right, and she was perfectly sure she was it. Of course. Miss Aurelia had theories on every subject. She had demonstrated to her own satisfaction, in her own mind, that one had only to follow such and such rules of conduct to be healthy, happy and prosperous. It was all as incontrovertible and mathematically plain as that two and two make four, and she had no patience with anyone who didn’t work the problem of life out just like she did and get the same an- swer. Look at her house, for instance. Clockwork. Her washing was always done on Monday, her ironing on Tues- day, the silver was rubbed on Wednes- day, the floors polished on Thursday, the windows cleaned on Friday, the kitchen scrubbed on Saturday, and Sun- day she sat down and folded her hands and thanked God she was not like other women. She never could understand why all the rest of us didn’t do just as she did, although we might have told her that one lone woman, living in a big house, with old family servants and never a soul to bring in dirt, or want a meal out of time, was not so superlative a test of good management as she seemed to think. Then she undertook to reform Mary Blake’s house, and in- troduce order and system in that helter- skelter abode. Poor Mary is one of the kind whose wash always laps from week to week, and who is so chronically behind with her sewing that she is al- ways making flannel petticoats in August and muslin wrappers at Christmas. Of course, the experiment was a failure. Mary couldn’t change, and Miss Aurelia couldn’t understand why living in a box of a house with half a dozen children cluttering around under foot was any excuse for Mary. The less room and more to do, the more need for system, was her unanswerable verdict on the sit- uation. That was the trouble with Miss Au- relia—she was always so_ perfectly in the right. There was never any arguing her conclusions. Abstractly, they were ‘incarnate wisdom, and yet they always left you feeling that folly was wiser. Your head said she was right, and your heart cried out she was all wrong. She never saw a girl with a bit of cheap trinketry, or a gay ribbon, that she didn’t groan over the improvidence of the poor. ‘‘It’s a melancholy fact,’’ she would say, ‘‘that the people who have the greatest need of economy are the most extravagant. Why, I’ve seen a poor girl take the last cent she had and buy a piece of cheap finery to wear to a Saturday night ball—finery that wowWd go to pieces in a single night—when, perhaps, the girl was in actual need of good stout shoes.’’ What could you say to that? Of course, you couldn’t deny the logic, and that it would have been more sensible and provident to have bought the shoes, but you thought of the poor girl, with all a girl’s natural long- ing for pretty things and adornment ; jall her yearning for admiration, and the gayety denied her starved, hard youth. You knew she had gone hungry for it, that she will go cold for it, and you could think of nothing but the pathos of jit all, and wonder how anybody like Miss Aurelia, who never had to deny herself anything she really wanted in her life, has the cheek to sit in judg- ment on her. Another one of Miss Aurelia’s cher- ished theories was about the manage- ment of husbands. She used to be strong on woman’s independence, and all that. She called a woman who tried to enter- tain her husband a ‘‘doll,’’ and the one who tried to humor her husband a ‘“‘slave.’’ As far as I could ever learn, her idea of a perfectly happy home was a sort of reform school, where a man would not be allowed to do anything he wanted to, and would have his faults and shortcomings kept always before him. As long as this was merely a theory, it didn’t matter, but she got a chance to put it into working once, and it came within a hair’s breadth of landing two people in the divorce courts. Her niece, Ellen, and her hus- band had a dispute over some trivial matter, and Ellen was silly enough to tell Miss Aurelia. It was the chance of a lifetime, and Miss Aurelia took her poor, persecuted, darling child home with her and adjured her to stand firm and not-give in to the tyrant man. If she’d let them alone Ellen would have cried and Tom would have called him- self a brute and it would all have been over in an hour, but Miss Aurelia fanned the flame, and, half because she was angry and half because she was ashamed, Ellen refused to go back home. Tom was angry and mortified, and the situation was getting serious, when Ellen woke up to what life would be—the long blank years, the gnawing heart hunger, the waiting for something that would never come back to her any more—and she actually ran away from Miss Aurelia and went back and begged Tom’s pardon. Naturally, Miss Aurelia knew all about raising children. Everybody who has none does. She believes in perfect obedience and the observance of certain rules that should be as unchangeable as the laws of the Medes and the Persians. It never has occurred to her that you can no more treat all children alike than you can draw the same sounds out of every musical instrument. Once she was staying at Betty White’s when Betty’s little girl did something naughty. For punishment the child was sent to bed with the nurse alone, although it was Betty’s custom to tuck the little one in and hear her say her prayers herself. The child cried and pleaded for her mother’s kiss and Betty, who has the tenderest heart alive, would have gone to her but for Miss Aurelia. relia warned her against the folly and the weakness of giving in to a child’s whim, and Betty let the baby cry herself to sleep. That night the child was taken suddenly and violently ill with delirium, and died begging for the kisses that her frantic mother rained upon her. Of course, it was an acci- dent, but Betty, in her soul, holds Miss Aurelia responsible for the _ bitterest drops in her cup of grief. Miss Aurelia never meant any harm. She was always doing things for the best, and with the best intentions in the world, and the fact that she should always have sowed discord and_ trouble just goes to show how dangerous it is to meddle with other people’s affairs. Not long after Betty’s baby died she went [to the city, where, as she said,there was more scope for her work. Her confi- dence wasn’t a bit shaken in herself, and she went blithely about, poking her nose into poor people’s homes, and ask- ing them how often they bathed and _ if their husbands were kind to them, and all the other impertinent things people ask in the name of reform of the poor, and that they would be so blazing mad if anybody asked them. She might still be doing it but for a little thing that happened one day. A young girl down in the slums died. She had not been a good woman and the poor face was marked by the lines that sin and want had graven upon it, but over the dead body there hung another young creature in tattered finery, with such an abandon of passion and hope- less grief it was pitiful to see. Miss Aurelia, with the instinct of the reform- er strong within her, said something about hoping it would be a warning to her. The girl threw back her mane of black hair and turned savagely to her. ‘‘Good,’’ she cried ; ‘‘what do you know about goodness that you dare to come down here and talk to such as_ we about it. You are good—you never stole or lied or did anything wrong and you were never hungry or cold or homeless in your life. Oh, yes, everything was soft and warm and safe about you and you were good—you had no chance to be anything else,’’ laughing bitterly ; ‘‘but she warn’t. She was bad as they make ‘em and she killed herself at last with whisky and opium. I know it. She warn't good; she starved herself many and many a time to divide a crust with another starving wretch. She gave me part of her ragged shawl when we both were freezing, and she loved so she for- Miss Au- gave the hand that struck her, and lied about it. What have you done better than that?’’ and then the poor wretch fell to crooning over the dead girl and talking to her like a mother over a sick child. Miss Aurelia said she went our from that room with a new light before her. For the first time in all her prosperous, well-fed existence she had her good opinion of herself shaken, and measured herself against hertemptations. ‘‘What am I,’’ she asked herself, ‘‘‘that I should dare to judge?’’ and that night it was an humble and a contrite woman who asked pardon of heaven for all the harm she might have done in her blun- dering ignorance. Miss Aurelia isn’t so sure of her own judgment now. She knows there are depths of life she has not sounded, and heights of experience she has not touched, so she goes softly, as one who fears, and she is very wise now that she has added the wisdom of the heart to that of the head. Dorothy Dix. > _____ How the Long Distance Phone Broke an Engagement. From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. ‘No, I’m not engaged any more,’’ said a newly arrived drummer to some friends at the Grunewald last night. **It was broken off by the long distance ‘phone, confound the thing! How did it happen, did y’ ask? ‘*Why, it was like this: I was in At- lanta a few weeks ago and called up my fiancee in Macon to let her know when to expect me. The service costs 50 cents for three minutes, and I calculated I could deliver my message in about fourteen seconds, but after I gave the dear girl the date she insisted on hold- ing me while she talked about a lawn fete that some of the young people were getting up for the next day. ‘*I wriggled and writhed, and after she had imparted $2.50 worth of details I broke in and told her that somebody else wanted to use the ’phone. ‘Oh, no, they don’t,’ she replied; ‘the operator here says you may have it as long as you wish,’ and on flowed the legend of the lawn fete. **She told me how the girls were go- ing to be dressed, what they had cooked for lunch and how Annie Jones had re- fused to go with Billy Smith because it was rumored that Billy played cards on Sunday. I groaned. I had been stuck for about $7, and time was flying at the rate of 1624 cents a minute. ‘* “‘What’s the matter?’ she asked, anxiously, ‘you don’t seem to under- stand.’ ‘Yes, I am,’ I said, with per- fect truth. ‘I’m weighing every sylla- ble.’ ‘Then repeat what I have been saying,’ she ordered; ‘go all over, and don’t miss a word.’ That was too much. I yelled, ‘Ring off!’ and hung the receiver on the hook. ‘‘Next day I got a package from Macon, returning the engagement sol- itaire. There was a sarcastic little note, in which she thought my _ suggestion about the ring was excellent, and had acted upon it at once. Plague take long-distance phones! I never want to see one aga’n in my life.’’ A Few Mistakes, It-is a mistake to labor when you are not in a fit condition to do so. To think that the more a person eats the healthier and stronger he will become. To go to bed at midnight and rise at daybreak and imagine that every hour taken from sleep is an hour gained. To imagine that as a little work or exercise is good, violent or prolonged exercise is better. To conclude that the smallest room in the house is large enough to sleep in. To eat as if you had only a minute to fin- trish the meal in, or to eat without an ap- etite, or continue after it has been sat- isfied, merely to gratify the taste. To believe that the more hours children study the more they learn. ——_»- 02 Political parties have one thing in common; they are all anxious to save the country—from some other party. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 39 THE ALDINE FIREPLACE furnishes double the heat from half the fuel required by the common grates; keeps fire over night; burns hard or soft coal, wood or coke; equalizes tem- perature from floor to ceiling, and affords a most healthful condition of ven- tilation. Our Booklet explains its principle and construction. IER ALDINE WOOD MANTELS are the highest type of the mantel maker’s art—the result of twelve years’ practical mantel making. Our designs are new and artistic; prices from $10.00 up. Send forour new illustrated catalogue, booklet and trade discounts. ALDINE MANUFACTURING CO., 112 COURT STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. EDR EB OUNCE CONE NIN INRIA €S CROCKER-WHEELER MACHINERY. SAWYER-MAN LAMPS. ! SOW EINE G.R. GLECTRIC CO. & GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. : es ¢§ WHOLESALE SUPPLY DEALERS. ‘TELEPHONES. _ : ee ODIO OO OEOONOORUEN POSS ESE BES ILI III LILI (Grows 1n Favor Daily Cause of It W AN se y t GREEN AW STING << HN im I B. J. REYNOLDS, Distributor, teehee 172 morn Rapids, Mich. aos Lae eter pepe Ree TRADESMAN MICHIGAN BUTTER TRADE. Wonderful Development of the Factory Creamery Business. When we first started in business forty- eight years ago, the butter question, compared with 1899, was an industry of very small importance. All of our but- ter at that time was dairy butter, made mostly in Pennsylvania and New York State, when county butter was considered the best goods made. Year by year the trade has expanded, and dairy butter to-day is simply a thing of the past. About twenty years ago the system of gathered cream butter came into existence, which at that time was considered a great improvement. tories were established where they ran wagons around to the different farmers and gathered the milk, which was taken to the factory and churned, which made a more uniform article than the old sys- tem of dairy butter. This was continued for many years, and well do we remem- ber the first factories started in Michi- Orange Fac- aE gan —one at Hudson, one at Manches- ter, one at Alma, one at Ionia and one at Nashville, which at that time were the five leading creameries in the State. About the same time, gathered cream factories were also established in North- ern and Western Ohio, which was then called the Western Reserve, but year by year the trade has been constantly ex- panding, and to-day North and South Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa,. Minnesota, Wisconsin and Kansas are among the leading dairy states of the country. The dairy industry of the United States td- day is one of the greatest we have. A few years ago many of the farmers had mortgages on their farms and where creameries have started in their vicin- ity, to-day these mortgages are paid, and where once you saw old buildings, to-day you see fine residences and large outbuildings. The country around is prosperous where a creamery flourishes. After running for a number of years on the gathered cream plan, the trade demanded a butter which was more uni- form and with better flavor, hence the separators have taken the place of the gathered cream plants, and to-day in the United States there are very few of the old gathered cream factories in exist- ence. Separator butter is made from sweet milk and is a much more uniform article than the old system of gathered cream goods, and still the trade is look- ing for something better, and it would not surprise us in a few years to see the extractor take the place of the separator. ported the past few years to London, and this year the export trade will run four or five times larger than ever be- fore. Exporters to-day are buying fancy creamery where in former years they bought imitation creamery, ladles and gathered cream goods. As we have said before, the trade want something better and each year there is a marked im- provement in the quality of the butter manufactured. Michigan to-day ranks among the first in the manufacture of extra creamery butter, and the Phila- delphia market to-day is receiving at least half of the product of that State. The improvement in the dairy industry of Michigan during the last twenty years has been a wonder to everyone, she having increased her creameries from four or five until to-day she has between two and three hundred, with many new creameries being built every year. Every improvement in quality has been met with a corresponding improvement in price and to-day the finest creameries from? Michigan are selling at 21 cents, with prospects for continued higher prices bétween now and January 1. The secret of this vast improvement in the dairy industry of the United States is the push, energy and progres- siveness displayed by the American peo- ple, which is not only noticeable in this particular line, but in almost every other branch of commercial industry. C. M. Drake. oe The Commercial Traveler Abroad. From the New York Commercial Advertiser. The astute enterprise of the American drummer is about to assume a new and most interesting relation to the foreign commerce of the country. The commer- cial traveler, whom neither manufactur- er nor export merchant has been anxious or able to waken to a sense of his im- portance in over-sea trade, has had a new responsibility thrust upon him to enlarge the latter. Domestic sales, although they have been his training in the world’s largest home market, are but the foundation of a mission abroad whose importance may well impress and inspire him. He is to be the chief advance agent of a new movement by which the manu- factured exports of this country are des- tined to an immense and practically un- limited growth. Commercially he has been a home- keeping youth, although not of homely wits; but from this time on he must be- come a student of cosmopolitan com- merce in the effort to secure for his country a proportionate share of it. To do this he must become linguist, observer of foreign manners and com- mercial habits, and, if you please, a diplomat duly accredited to the psychic peculiarities of race, a knowledge whereof is potent in selling goods. Of small concern need it be to him that centralized management in business of all kinds has reduced his importance and profit at home. He might as well give up his fight against this, for industry won’t be sub- ject any more to the selling competition which, for example, has brought a lot of commercial travelers together in a gen- eral scramble for one order, and lost just so much to the capitalists who failed to secure it. The surplus of unemployed drummers will either have to fall back on other occupations or give a new significance to their own. What the manufacturer until recent years as a rule refused to do, he now must do or be seriously crippled ; and his success in ingenious anticipa- tion of foreign taste in goods must de- pend upon the tact, resource and know- ledge of his commercial traveler. The latter is really set to solve this problem, and in doing so_ he can find far more remunerative employment than before, and a broader mental growth. ——_~>_2.____ The girl who poses for artists always American butter has been largely ex- leads a model life. WAGON TRADE. Changes Noted by an Old Timer in the Business. The term *‘wagons’’ applies to almost everything on four wheels, and probably in no line of manufacture have there been more changes in the past sixteen years than in wagons, buggies and_ carriages, both in design, quality and mode of manufacture. It is not many years ago that carriage and wagon makers were skilled me- chanics, knowing well their trade in all its departments- the woodworking, the smithing, the painting and the trim- ming. Now it is not so. The machine has largely taken the place of the bench hand and the mechanics learn only to make one piece of work of the many re- quired to complete a job, and a good allaround smith can now only be found among the old or middle-aged men. | then and nearly every factory in the country uses the best material obtainable. Steel has very largely taken the place of iron and, while wood stock is double the price it was fifteen years ago, wagons are but a trifle more than half the price obtained. This is wholly due to machinery, but’ without machinery wagons can not be made and sold at the present prices, and the handmade wagon is a thing of the past. The greatest change has come in busi- ness wagons. Wagons are now especial- ly made for wholesale and retail furni- ture, laundry, groceries and __ fruits. There are express, hose, patrol and am- bulance wagons. ‘There are wagons for dead animals and for those that are crip- pled. There are display wagons in at- tractive form for the shoe merchant, the druggist, the florist and all other indus- tries, until the streets of our large cities the first cheap factory buggies were put upon the market-—Cincinnati buggies and they became a byword. The cheap- er they were, the better they sold. Com- mon forest timber took the place of sec- ond-growth, dyed cotton and glazed paper the place of leather and broad- cloth. Lampblack, cheap oils and rosin varnish, applied with a rag in the hands of a cheap boy, seemed to catch the buyers of both town and country. At the same time, cheap business wagons were put upon the market and the mak- ers of good work found themselves un- able to dispose of their products at any profit. But cheap, low-priced work soon had its day. Both makers and buyers were sufferers and, in many cases, made bankrupt; but the tide now seems to have turned to a better class of goods. The changes in farm and teaming wagons have been great, not in designs, but in quality and mode of manufac- ture. All of the work is done by ma- chinery, the cost of which is very great, It is less than twenty years ago that present a never-ending parade of gold and bright colors, . Rubber tires and ball bearing axles are the two great improvements in the past few years, and these are followed by the Automobile, which is destined to completely change the heavy wagon and carriage business in the near fu- ture—not that it will wholly displace the horse, but millions of dollars is already invested in its manufacture, and a new class of iron workers is created. Ninety per cent. of all the heavy wagons used are made in Ohio, Indi- ana, Wisconsin and Michigan, while Michigan now produces more medium- priced buggies and carriages than any other state in the Union. The rapid destruction of the hardwood forests of the country will soon compel the use of iron and steel in the entire construction of all heavy wagons. This will call for an entire line of new ma- chinery, giving inventors and manufac- turers a chance to use both brains and money. Chas. E. Belknap. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN RETAIL GROCERY TRADE. Some Innovations Which Sixteen Have Brought. Your favor at hand, asking me to say something about the changes in the gro- Years cery business during the past sixteen years. First of all, | wish to say that 1 do not know much about writing an article for public reading. One thing I do know, however, and that is that in all these years of the grocery business, which are about twenty-five, | have al- ways liked the occupation, commencing back more than seventeen years When but a boy of 17 | began working for Rasch Bros., on Canal street, as a deliv- ery boy, and it was my work also to open the store and attend to the early buying of the fruits and vegetables, which at that time was a very easy task. As time progressed I also did the marketing of ago. produce and fruits, for the people de- manded many varieties and, in order to be in line, | had to get up very early. Now we have a fine market, and a won- derful change it is. The one thing I have noticed particu- larly in my business career has been the progress made in this branch of busi- ness. Competition has made us work hard, with longer hours. But as time went on, improvements were made, and_ the one which has put about as much hard work on the grocer as any was the tak- ing of orders. Then came the telephone, which was a wonderful help, and more so to-day than then, as prices for phones are much cheaper and many more ple can afford them in their homes. In the fall of 1879, A. Rasch and my- self started a little grocery store on West Bridge street, and from that time on 1 have noticed the most changes in the grocery business. A sharp competition has made the grocer hustle. We can all remember the cutters who were located on Canal and Monroe streets. They did much business in those days, and how | wanted to follow them; but we have all seen the folly of their methods. The man who tries to conduct business in the manner they did will surely be buried in the same financial grave. About three years after I began busi- ness, another new enterprise started in the form of a trade paper, called the Michigan Tradesman. 1 did not note its influence much at first, but as time progressed so also did the paper until to-day it is a most welcome friend to the merchants of the State. Especially to the grocers of this city has this jour- nal been of great assistance. Through its efforts the first retail Grocers’ Asso- ciation was formed and from that time peo- | idle man, instead of working until 9 o’clock evening, the hours of the grocer reduced to 7 o’clock and finally to on, every were 6 330. J can assure my brother grocers that | believe in organization. It brings us closer together, takes away that feeling between yourself and your neigh- bor and makes it more pleasant to do business. We remember, times through passed and jealous to our sorrow, the hard which recently we sincerely hope they are we have gone never to return. A hard trial came upon us in the shape of the department store, which, at first, we thought was worse than the hard times, although | fail to see where- in it has hurt the business as much as the man who has $500 and starts a_ store and thinks he can run the town; last, but not least, is the greatest danger of all, and although they are in their in- not know what the trusts future. We all know that at the present time they dictate to us what we shall pay for goods and also what we shall sell them for. I hope they will result in good, but, at present, it seems to me that they are trying to get the best part of the deal every time. J. Geo. Lehman. —--—-~> © > fancy, we do will do in the Character in Business. Idleness is one of the greatest enemies of character. As one has ‘The devil tem, ts other men, but men tempt the devil.’’ Do not envy the whomever you may envy. You may have too much to do, and too many things to think about; still, do not envy the man who has not enough to think about and has to fall back upon him- self. The passions of human. nature break loose in idle men and wander over forbidden places seeking what they can devour. You have all heard it said that in our day it is impossible to do business hon- estly. Depend upon it that is just the cant of scoundrels. Would you not. de- said: idle some spise a minister if he suppressed the truth in the pulpit to please his hear- ers? Would you not despise a soldier who turned his back when he came near danger? You know perfectly well the verdict that you have to pronounce on yourself, if, for any worldly considera- tion, you go on outraging your own con- science. No, it is hone ‘sty that suc- ceeds. Perhaps it does not succeed immediately, and therefore those who are for immediate results sometimes are impatient ; but a high-minded man will place his faith in a genuine article and a fair price, and in the end he will not be disappointed. James Stalker. <9 >__ The Clerk Was Too F resh. ‘““Have you got any watermelons on ice?’’ enquired the man with the basket on his arm. ‘‘No, sir,’’ replied the young man with the eye-glasses. The customer was about to go, when the young man stopped him. ‘*We haven’t any melons on ice,’’ he said, ‘‘but we have some under ice. It keeps them cooler that way. Heat rises and cold descends, you know. Will one be enough?”’ ‘*T reckon it will,’’ rejoined the man with the basket. ‘‘ But l'm going some- where else to get it. | don’t believe I can afford to trade at a grocery where they keep scientists for clerks.’ —____~* 2. ____- Mrs. Gladstone, widow of the Old Man, is a woman of strength and endurance. she was driving in a_ pony carriage, when the animal started to run and overturned the vehicle. Although much shaken up and shocked at the time, the venerable lady soon recovered and showed no ill effects of her accident. Grand wonderful Not long ago WILLIAM REID POLISHED PLATE WINDOW ORNAMENTAL OIL, WHITE LEAD, VARNISHES, BRUSHES te PP ENi RANSON Importer and I obber of GLASS | most complete stock of Glass and Paint Goods in HARRISON BROS. & CO.’S OIL COLORS, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. S. BUTLER, Www We have the largest and Resident Mgr. Western Michigan. Www ESTIMATES FURNISHED. ALL ORDERS FILLED PROMPTLY. ww We recommend Reid's Ster ling Enamel Mixed Paints, Varnishes and Colors in Oil, and are Distributing Agents for Michigan of DRY COLORS, MIXED PAINTS, ETC. DROP NEN ~ J & IVEN AWAY FREE! EDISON GEM PHONOGRAPH RETAIL VALUE, $10. TERMS—Cash; or C. OUR GUARANTEE—We guarantee our VICTOR DEWEY CIGAR to be a Nice, Sweet, Pleasant Smoke; a fine looker; 4 1-2 Inches long; handsome label; and equal to the majority cigars on the market. PSSM gene WEIGHT, 8 POUNDS. With 300 VICTOR DEWEY CIGARS, long filler, packed 50 in box, price $10.50, we furnish A GEM TALKING MACHINE, complete with a reproducer and 10-inch horn. The records cost $5.00 per doz. extra, or you can obtain them on the following offer: With 200 Victor Dewey Cigs irs, at $3.50 per hundred, we will give you 12 RECORDS F REE, With 500 Victor Dewey Ci igars, at- 83.50 per hundred, we will give you 30 RECORDS F REE. All our records are made to order and surpass all other records on the market, being louder and more musical. Rec: ords not satisfactory will be exchanged if returned to us (express prepaid) with- in 24 hours after received Loudest and clearest machine on the market. When a man whose name is famous the world over, backs a phono- graph with his name, it stands to rea- son it’s a pretty good talking machine, and this machine bears the trade signa- ture of THOMAS A. EDISON, There is nothing on the market to compare with it. The Gem equals any other talking machine that sells for less than $20. We want an agency in every town, and to get this wonderful instru- ment on the market, we make this great offer. Any live merchant can sell Gem Phonographs at $10 each to his trade. O. D., with privilege of examination. ‘of $35.00 he Phonograph is a marvel in every way, and made by Thomas A. Edison, which is a sufficient guarantee Here’s a chance to make all kinds of money. Any live hustler can sell one of these machines to every family. Catalogue of records furnished on application. We again repeat ‘‘we have the best records in the United States.’ Hollis & Duncan. for a sample. We refer to Union Trust Co., R G. Dun Co., Order a few hay Talking Machine & Cigar Co., 56 Fifth Ave., Chicago, Ill. baled ah eee ect: 42 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN SANITARY PLUMBING. In Keeping with the Progressive Spirit of the Age. All observing persons passing along our better residence streets notice an outcropping pipe in each lot, just high enough to be above the snow line, and a like extension through the roof of the residence. The first is an opening into the sewerage system on the house side of a trap; the other is an opening for the house end of the waste system. They serve two purposes—a circulation of air through the waste system and an escape for the confined air or gases that are forced ahead of water discharges. These modifications are distinguished features of the plumbing preparatory work of to-day, as compared with a very few years back. In the past the house closet had its inaccessible fouling parts; the bath tub was a thing of necessity, rather than beauty, and the kitchen drain became the rendezvous for the neighborhood flies. Some part of the house, fit for nothing better, was selected for the toilet. Although small, dark and un- ventilated, it was used for the purpose. It was “so much better than the winter icehouse or summer hothouse yard fix- ture, we seemed not to question the prevalence of odors or musty conditions. The rapid introduction of earthen and enameled toilet and kitchen fixtures of a most cleanly and pleasing character has induced the hous= owner to set apart a room of fair proportions, one well- lighted and aired. The toilet room has become the dressing room. To its use we look for health and beauty. Instead of hurrying from it, we linger. These conditions have been brought about, not alone by the introduction and use of a higher grade of fixtures, but by intelligent installation. The honest and well-informed man of to-day engaged in the plumbing business is more con- cerned in the proper and safe arrange- ment of the hidden work than of that in sight. If it does not leak and looks well on the surface, the owner rests con- tented; but back of all this are the questions: Is the waste system per- fect? Has the right material been used? Will it remain right? The work and material in sight show for themselves, but how about the covered-up part? There probably is no part of a build- ing construction that calls out more problems than the installation of the various plumbing fixtures with the hot and cold supplies, systems of waste and a trapping of fixtures that will not be subject to syphonage, including provi- sion for the escape of pent-up gases. So important has this become that all the large cities have: established strin- gent regulations and inspection over this branch, on the ground of safety to pub- lic health. The renting of a house unsafe in a Sanitary point of view is cause for damages under the law in many states. To sum up the changed conditions in this branch, dating only a few years back, we mention the custom of having everything of a fixture order exposed most fully, the absence of woodwork from all parts subject to moisture, the greater use of nickel-plated pipe work and, more than all else, the care re- quired in having a safe and _ perfect waste system. It has been said that both the doctor’s and the plumber’s work is alike in one respect—much of it is buried. However, unfortuately for the plumber, his comes to light again. Tothe intending builder no better ad- vice can be given than to see that such work is under intelligent and reliable supervision. If it is found defective it can not be remedied except at much in- creased cost. Warren C. Weatherly. a Choosing a Career. In most cases both of men and women the struggles and disappointments in industrial pursuits arise from a lack of thought in choosing a career. That is fatal to any endeavor. A grave and daily recurring mistake is made in seeking the fields that aré already over full, and not looking afar for new oc- cupations. If fewer girls would qualify themselves for the overcrowded _ profes- sions, and fit themselves for other skilled employments and newer indus- tries, there would be fewer discouraged, anxious, overburdened women. The careful mother who watches her child and takes note of its developing tastes and studies its natural inclina- tions can assist much in deciding the question of occupation, and help the girl to find the place which is to be hers in the world. The lives of women who have become famous in various lines of work show that as children they spent many hours in counterfeiting the work in which they afterward became pre- eminent. The child's occupations were the woman’s in embryo. Fostering a and taste, strengthening an inclination, can be quietly done by the mother, and under such training the question will almost settle itself. She is a fortunate girl who has a mother who can set her with her face in the right direction toward her life-work. Once her place is found the girl who would make her work profitable must pursue it diligently, striving with all her might to render herself as nearly perfect in it as possible. This is an age of competition, and only the best will suc- ceed. Unless one strives incessantly to get to the top she will remain at the bottom, and down there lies the threat- ening monster starvation. Unless in fill- ing her position she can make her in- fluence and power felt broadly and ben- eficently, unless: she can develop and bring the best, the noblest and the most generous instincts of her nature to her work, she has not chosen the right work or the right place in which to pursue it. Sallie Joy White. - > 2S Didn’t Want Heart. Little Girl (crying): ‘‘Oh, I’ve lost the ten cents that mamma sent me to the butcher’s with. Boo-hoo-hoo !”’ Kindly Stranger: ‘‘Come! Take heart, little girl.”’ Little Girl: ‘‘I—I can’t sir, boo-hoo! It’s liver she wants.’’ AUTPTYN NPT PTT NTT TT PTT eT ere reenrerT rere Ball ' Barnhart Putman Co. WHOLESAL =GROCERKS= 1868===1899 lonia and Louis Streets, Grand Rapids, Mich. ‘ - 4 ) UNMAUMALNAMA AGMA AGMA dA MAUUk MAL Uk UA Akk dk dU kUk Lbb Ahk Luk bkk Uk dkdkk dk AkU dd MAkAGA Ak AGU Ud Ldk Ak bdd Abb dd Ld dd Ldd Add dd ddd QUO {UTTUNITTITITT NTT TTT TTI ITT ERE REHTHRRRPPrPrrn error ener anyon eT ron ern en reer errr rrrerrerrrrerrrrreorrererrrrrrrrnonron Onn IV UUTUIT TUTE UVEOUIUTUREUITUUESTUE TY MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 43 MILLINERY TRADE. No Other Business So Exclusive or Un- certain. Those of your readers who follow mil- linery pursuits will bear out the state- ment that, as a business, it has no first cousins, aunts or uncles; in other words, it is a trade which flocks all by itself, and there is not another mercan- tile industry in the world so distinctly exclusive or uncertain. There are four seasons each year, and they are brief; hence the millinery mer- chant must ‘‘make hay while the sun shines’’ or suffer from the drouths of procrastination. The prevailing belief with some that millinery is all profit is an exhibition of ignorance which would soon take wings should those who labor under this delusion invest their capital in this transitory merchandise. The dry goods merchant invests in staples and _ novel- ties, knowing that sooner or later every dollar’s worth will find a customer at some price, but with millinery it is different, depending wholly upon the caprices of Dame Fashion. You don’t catch a lady wearing a passe hat if she knows it, for it is the most conspicuous item in her costume, from which all other wearables are measured. A cer- tain hat may prove extremely popular and enjoy an immense sale for a while and this very fact is its death sentence, for no sooner does it become common than it is relegated by the fashion fol- lowers to innocuous desuetude. With a man a Derby is a Derby, but with a woman another hat like her own means re-construction from the foundation to the dome. Thus confronted with these freaky trade obstacles the milliner often finds himself or herself with a load of goods condemned in the morning of their bril- liant career. This is but one phase of the milliner’s long array of troubles, for every woman in the world has her pe- culiar type of features, demanding -a shape and trim slightly or radically at variance with those of her neighbor, and, like the sitting for a picture, un- less it flatters her she won’t have it; hence it becomes incumbent upon the millinery architect to create this ideal bonnet if he expects to win the favor and patronage of the fair sex. His re- sources of genius and material must, therefore, be inexhaustible, and, re- membering that perhaps within the next thirty days there may be a complete metamorphosis in the field of millinery fashion, is it any wonder that there are so many prematurely grey-haired people in the business? The jobber gets the hot end of the poker when he goes to the manufacturer for his season's stock. He is obliged to assume all the risk of styles proving unpopular and therefore unsalable be- cause he must necessarily place his or- ders for goods on the estimated season's business, ordering from samples only. Thus the wily manufacturer escapes all responsibility, making up the orders after they have been booked. The retail mer- chant, however, is strictly in it, buying from the jobber with the full comple- ment of quantities and styles before him. The jobber consequently finds it imperative to visit the markets fre- quently in order to keep his patrons in touch with the ever-changing panorama of millinery fashions. Having been engaged in both whole- sale and retail millinery forthe past ten years in Grand Rapids, we are in a posi- tion to compare the class of goods used in this with other states. Grand Rap- ids had not up to this time enjoyed any distinction as a millinery center. At the present time, however, our wholesale field embraces nearly every state to the Pacific coast and we will not be accused of egotism when we claim that through our efforts this city is now recognized as one of the foremost millinery centers in the country. The styles which eminate from Grand Rapids, like our furniture, always meet with special favor and even the great city of Chicago finds it advan- tageous to visit this market frequently and pick up the good things. Michi- gan milliners, as a rule, buy a better class of goods than those in most other states. This fact may be attributed to the prosperous condition of our people and the exceptional taste of our women. Heber A. Knott. —_—___ +. ___. To Broaden a Child’s Mind. Expand the child’s mind by showing him from time to time scenes from all sides of life. Take him to-day to studios and let him see how pictures are made; next week to silk-factories, to learn the poetry of labor, and afterward to a brick-yard and an iron-foundry, not forgetting the claims of great churches and monuments upon an ele- vating education. The alternation of city and country is a delightful stimu- lant. When travel is possible we should give the child glimpses of mountains and sights of the sea, and let him be- come acquainted with mountaineers and fishermen, even as he ought in town to know something of the ways and thoughts of the workmen, so that he may come to feel sympathy with all sorts of people and understand the merit of la- bor. Actual experience of this kind is worth infinitely more than the theorizing in schoolbooks. It i$ not particularly interesting to a child to read that he should be grateful to all the people who supply him with his daily comforts; to the farmer, the baker, the manufactur- er, the builder. But when he sees how grain grows and is converted into flour; how furniture is wrought from blocks of wood, and thread is woven into cloth, the whole history of the objects about him is revealed. The different parts of life become connected and he gets a sense of the thread of harmony that runs through it all. And he has a moment of satisfaction, coming through a feel- ing of kinship with the world, which is more useful than gratitude upon general principles. Florence Hull Winterburn. This Showcase only $4.00 per foot. With Beveled Edge Plate Glass top $5.00 per foot. Manufacturers of all styles of Show Cases and Store Fixtures. SSS OEE LILLE POE thi Write us tor lilustrated catalogue and discounts. we U2 0 Sa Se Sa Sa SS yi a § BSR UW ez We WW a a Picture Cards for Carnivals an Country Fairs Nothing takes so well with the visitors at carnivals and fairs as picture cards, which are carefully preserved, while ordi- nary cards, circulars a fine line of Picture Cards. varying in price from $3.00 to $6.00 per thousand, including printing on back. mailed on application. Tradesman Company largely destroyed and wasted. BE ee Re None ne neMeNa Nene RG and pamphlets are We have Samples Grand Rapids, Michigan | Bon 44 Saanediiaiddiiaenmnamnaniameeett MICHIGAN TRADESMAN CREDITS AND COLLECTIONS. Recent Improvements in Handling Both Lines. With the increasing complexity of peoples needs, or at least their fancied requirements for proper living and doing in this age, there comes less sim- plicity ; also, in the manner of meeting the obligations thus incurred ; likewise a more efficient system of collecting on those liabilities is one of the important necessities in modern business. ' The financial plank is, after all, the thickest supporting beam in the stage of any sort of action, political or com- mercial; and even the ethical society goes down ultimately with no sound money management under it. In that is meant a qualification of money man- agement and not money simply, which isthe only way that the reference is safe, perhaps; at least, in a paper having to do with the economics of commercial life and not of politics. In the earlier days, even since the ad- vent of the Michigan Tradesman, the farmer brought in his produce and fair trade was made with the storekeeper for household and farm supplies. Little credit was asked or needed, save ina simple way of ‘‘settin’ down the balance on the book.’’ The credit was not branched all over the town, but concen- trated in the general store. place the system was amplified to the extent of a collector -a sort of combina- tion of constable qualities and shrewd- ness, known to be a pretty good fellow to dun--who was employed by a num- ber of firms. Later, he or his type branched out to the extent of the combi- nation traveling man and adjuster of claims—-the fellow who would drive out into the country from his ‘‘stop’’ and bring back the goods or the money, part or all. Within the past sixteen years the pur- poses of trade have grown larger: the circumference of it, elastic enough be- fore, has widened beyond the possibility of measurement, and with all that has come need for the most ingenious meth- ods with which to meet keen and jealous competition. In resorting to such expedients and in the temptation, or, sometimes, the igno- rance, of the tradesman in his frantic grasp. for a large patronage in his whirl of unintelligently placed credits, he catches at all sorts of schemes offered by an oily-tongued solicitor who is al- ways representing some national or uni- versal agency located in another city, and establishing a branch office wher- ever a prospective victim happens to be located, which, upon investigation, is found to have no standing or clientage at home and often not even having an office or appearing in the city directory, and existing only on wind and unful- filled promises. His volume of book accounts increases, while his stock de- creases, and he ends with a double col- umn under profit and loss principally loss. Sometimes, before he reaches the stage of posting his books in that way, he makes out a lot of statements and sends them in a lump to a local attor- ney, whose only recommendation is that he is a customer or offers to take his pay in trade. When court adjourns and election is over, if the attorney is hon- est, he writes a letter on such claims as are not against ward politicians or pro- spective delegates to the next conven- tion; and,if the debtors do not respond, he puts the claims in his pocket. The next time he has business in their neigh- borhood he interviews a few of them, listens to their tale of woe, often learn- In a larger ing what kind of a robber he is trying to do business for and trade with, and delegates the further handling of the claims to his office boy or the janitor of the block and finally goes elsewhere to trade to avoid being annoyed with re- quests for a report on the claims, many of which he knows are worthless, but dares not say so for fear of offending some voter. If those statements were to go toa collection agency having a well-balanced credit department, the needless work of attempting to do anything with a lot of dead-beat stuff would be saved and _ the creditor in question would be apt to. re- ceive the part of them that were of that sort, within a few days of the time of sending, marked worthless and uncol- lectible. Then he would wonder how in several kinds of mystery those people knew so much in such short order. This trusted; but he may give with perfect ease the same information to an asso- ciation of which he may be a member-— one which deals with general business matters and will be fair and careful in summing up the information received from him and others for the use of some one in whose experience that particular individual has never come. The first mentioned tradesman will return to the same agent for knowledge of the finan- cial liability of another credit-seeking man who has been in his neighbor’s path; but his neighbor isn’t willing, nor is he anxious, for an exchange of ex- perience directly given. Based upon this law of human nature is the great credit-advice system of the modern busi- ness world. Intelligent recourse to it by all credit-dealing corporations and individuals would result in a most healthful drainage of the credit-seek- knowledge is gained simply by refer- ence to their files—which, if they are a reputable and reliable agency, have been compiled with the greatest care and_re- peatedly revised, all ends to accuracy and justice having been met and weighed thoughtfully--and by calling upon sources of information possible to only a disinterested party in trade, al- though these sources are found in the center and rush of trade. It is distinctly true that a tradesman will give information about his busi- ness experience with an individual only when he is not called upon to directly inform a competitor. It would not do for a business man to say very often to an- other, especially if that other were in the same sort of business, ‘‘ You had better not trust such and such an indi- vidual.’’ Even if he were the most fraternal of men otherwise, his motive, if in close competition, would be dis- ing portion. Legitimate credit-seek- ing we want; in that lies the possibil- ity of bigness of plan in the financial make-up; but it is a clearing house that is needed. The combination of collections and credit-advices resolves itself into a force that is stronger than either alone. In the case of the former, there is a heavy leverage obtained through the latter, in that the agency is enabled to bring to bear upon the mind of the debtor that not only the collector who is approach- ing him will have knowledge of his disposition to pay, but as many others as have occasion later to open credit with him, if they choose to avail them- selves of the compiled information about him. If that information isn’t favorable, a few refusals of credit will begin to tell, and in the end he either goes down or mends his ways. It isn’t a question of sympathy, because if he can pay he should do it with reasonable promptness ; if he doesn’t do it natural- ly, he should be made to do it by the quickest available method; if he can not pay he hasn't the shadow of a right to appropriate another man’s goods or time or money with no decent recom- pense for the same, and he had better be placed on the charity of the com- munity than allowed to prey upon any one merchant. The influence of the collection depart- ment upon the advice system is obvious. With thousands of claims in the hands of the enterprising agency and the or- ganization they are bound to have, with men to cover, in routes, the whole city and surrounding suburbs at regular in- tervals and the business portion every day, the office at the center is in the way of receiving a vast deal of knowl- edge at first hands. With reference to the outside claims, the combination traveling man and _ col- lector of twenty years ago has been re- solved, by the up-to-daie agency, into an attorney in every town of importance or in a place near enough to reach even the little junction and the farmer a number of miles out, all bound by a common compact, for whose acts the agency holds itself entirely responsible to its client. The individual would nine times out of ten, in attempting to deal direct with an out-of-town attorney, choose, in the first place, the wrong at- torney for that particular line of pro- cedure; and, in the second place, be trying to direct at too long range work that often requires instant decision and action, all of which is a friction that the agency, in constant touch with its men wherever they are, has overcome by system. Sometimes there arises an exigency that must be met by a head charged with more intimate knowledge of the situation than can be given by written instructions to the distant attorney, in which event the agency sends one of its office attorneys direct from an interview with the client. The office man gets order out of chaos; he obtains ever so small a payment on an expiring note, and succeeds in renewing it without expenditure ; he catches goods before they get out of the place; he knows the statute of limitations by heart; he has a nose like a hound for proceedings in bankruptcy and he scents his _possibili- ties in the case before the individual in the case himself knows that there is any such release from his troubles. The great study of concentration of energy has been apparent in the ad- vancement in the business of collections and credits, as it is the power in all other forces that have any sway in the commercial world. And, perhaps, that one step has had more to do with the betterment of affairs generally than any but a close student of business condi- tions will be willing to admit. In any event, certain it is that there is a more healthy atmosphere in both credits and collections than has been true of any previous decade within the history of this country; and, as system and full knowledge of conditions must tell in any vocation, they have told in this and will be still stronger factors in the legitimate business affairs of the next century. Luther J. Stevenson. oo a __ Small Things, Large Volume. At Schweinfurth, Bavaria, is one of the largest of the world’s manufactories for bicycle ball bearings. The two fac- tories there, belonging to one firm, turn out annually 2,000,000 gross of these lit- tle steel balls, and employ 600 men, working for a day of ten hours’ duration. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Why should not Retatl Merchants open a Bank Account? lhe Kent County Savings hank Corner Canal and Lyon Streets Solicits the patronage of retail dealers and individuals in Grand Rapids and Vicintty, vow . We invite personal interview with a view to business relations, vow Resources exceed $2,000,000. ww John A. Covode, President. Henry Idema, Vice President. J. A. S. Verdier, Cashier. Me RRS CNG NC NE ESS Oe SSO ee 2 Sedu Da Sue a “e a Kopf Double Generator Acetylene Gas Machine wh wh All people who The Kopf use our is Double Genera‘or practical, tes improved, The Best Light — eo simple in design for ack The Least Cost. , we for - various 2>__ Duty of Employers to Employes. It is to be regretted that the relation- ship between em»loyer and employe is of so mechanical a nature that each feels that he has done his duty sufficiently when he has fulfilled his part of the con- tract according to the agreement made between them. Each appears to be afraid of going beyond this and incon- veniencing himself in doing more than he is absolutely called upon todo. The average merchant feels that he has achieved a triumph when he has hireda clerk for the smallest possible salary to which he could grind him down; while the clerk, on the other hand, thinks that he has earned his money when he has answered questions asked him by cus- tomers, and has condescended to place goods upon the counter to be_ inspected by them. This is a great mistake, how- ever, on the part of both, because each owes something more to the other than can be compensated for in dollars and cents. As jong as the merchant regards his employes as machines, just so long will they be apt to act as such. What inducement is there for them to exert themselves unduly in making strenuous efforts to sell goods when it will not be appreciated by the employer? The lat- ter should take a friendly interest in their welfare, aside from their business relations, and, by thus winning the per- sonal attachment of the clerks, he will be able to obtain much better service. — Stoves and Hardware Reporter. ——_>2>—____ One man pursues power in order to possess wealth, and another pursues wealth in order to possess power; which last is the safer way, and generally fol- lowed per acre. Average Aver- MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 47 g Simmons Knitting Co. will show the finest line of e LADIES’, MISSES’ AND CHILDREN’S UNDERWEAR AND GENTS’ UNION SUITS on the market this fall. Wait and see our samples. SIMMONS KNITTING CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. Drug gists If you want a large Profit and Best Seller, order White & White’s Headache Powders Michigan is being thoroughly advertised. Goods guaranteed. With each dozen 25c size at $2.00 we give free 1 dozen 10¢ size, which brings the cost of large size down to 80c. Send in trial order to your jobber. WHITE & WHITE COMPANY, Grand Rapids, Michigan. ESTABLISHED 1872 Sweet's Hotel. - J. E. RICE, Proprietor. Rate, $2.00 Per Day. Grand Rapids, Mich. Room with Bath, $2.50. Humpty Dumpty Folding Egg Crate— No Broken Eggs! No Time Wasted! No Disputed Count! The Best, Cheapest and Most Convenient Egg Car- rier in Existence. A First-Class Advertising Nov- elty. With Fillers Removed they can be used for many other purposes. Made in sizes to hold 3, 6, 9 and 12 dozen, respectively. Cummin’s Folding Six Basket Carrier. Ne At This is the best package for shipping Peaches, Pears, Piums, Grapes, 1 umaives, tc., It is convenient for both shipper and consumer, are thoroughly ventilated and contents are carried without bruising. The crates fold flat and the baskets nest. Can be piled in car one upon another, no crating necessary. Can be returned at cheap rate of freight. Give us your estimate and let us make you price. ; rie 2) Set up, Oper Cummer’s Folding Fruit and hig. 3, Set up, Closed. rie. i a talk doz, Vegetable SI sscssissdanniaaiitaiaidiniias crates complete ready for shipment. Light, Strong and Durable. Simple and No Nails, Required, Slats are Made of Hardwood with Corners Rounded. Easily Folded. Screws or Tools Partially Folded. Manner of inserting bottom in crate. Send for prices. Manufactured only by Cummer Mfg. Co., Cadillac, Mich 48 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Automobiles as a Factor in Transporta- tion Problems. Written for the Tradesman. There is so much of mechanical com- plication involved in the construction of the various types of self-propelling ve- hicles—-electric, gasoline, steam, etc. and the work of training mechanics for the care of such machines is necessarily so slow, the early development pre- sented difficulties which made it a ques- tion as to whether there would ever be material significance in the movement. The early machines of all the types of construction were unduly complicated, and the designs involved much that re- quired the most costly and elaborate ma- chinery. Thus for a long time the first cost of any practical self-propelling vehicle was too great for it to cut’ much figure in questions of economic trans- portation. Among the nations to take up the devel- opmenj of this mode of progression the French has taken the lead on account of her favorable situation as to passable highways. The productions of the French engineers have shown much of original inventive genius and skill of construction, but in their work has been the lack of system, of the use of inter- changeability, of gibbs and templates and automatic construction, which has given the Americans so great lead in mechanical work. Thus their machines are very costly and the breakage or de- rangement of a part involves much work and skill in repairing and fitting. As the work is taken up by Ameri- cans there is introduced as rapidly as possible the principle of duplicate parts and automatic construction. This in its designing and first installation is very costly, and so while the work is pro- gressing there is no tendency to cheap- ening of production. If there is such cheapening at present it must be in an- ticipation of future results of such methods of construction. But notwithstanding these hindrances to the rapid growth of automobile pro- duction, the last year or two has wit- nessed tremendous strides. Vehicles for private use are coming to be largely advertised and sold and the express and transfer companies are experimenting with them in many localities. Reports of contracts for considerable numbers ‘are so frequent that a rapid revolution in all kinds of transfer business seems imminent. Considering the present cost and the as yet experimental condition of much of the work, this rapid increase in its use argues an easy conquest when the inevitable cheapening and system- atizing of production take place. One lesson is being learned from the use of bicycles and other pneumatic vehicles which promises to be of vast significance, viz., the value of elasticity in road improvement. It is a matter of astonishment how quickly the yielding tire will make’ for itself a hard and smooth path through muddy streets. Every such path is an object lesson sug- gesting the value that will be found in the use of such tires on a larger scale, as in the automobile wagon. The prob- lem of road contruction will then resolve itself into the preparation of a properly drained surface sufficient to hold up the elastically supported load and such traffic will do the rest. The constant running of these vehicles over any Streets made to sustain them will thoroughly squeeze out the moisture and compact the materials so that rain will have little effect upon them. And such roads will soon become so level and hard that they will not be cut up by the ordi- nary iron tire suitably proportioned to its load, and the use of others will be regu- lated by legal restrictions. Then the degree in which the horse is supplanted by self-propelling vehicles will do away with the destructive shoe calks, and if this is not enough these may also be subject to regulation. Indeed, the value of this factor in the solution of the prob- lem of good roads can scarcely be over- estimated. Let these vehicles come in- to general use and the short stretches of passable highways radiating from all large towns will rapidly lengthen until the whole country will be abundantly provided with the best means of local communication, and this with means which will insure their permanent main- tenance and improvement. Among significant items in relation to automobiles are statements in regard to experiments for their use instead of, or in competition with, street cars. It is only recently that electric roads have undertaken to meet the needs of subur- ban traffic, and to connect towns of moderate distance apart. It is being found that for much of this traffic the in- stallation and maintenance of electric roads are too costly and it must be pro- vided for by other means. The build- ing of an electric road means the intro- duction of an alien and disturbing struc- ture. Instead of an improvement in existing conditions it is apt to be a se- rious detriment. It must be maintained purely and simply for the benefit of its trains, and there are no. natural provi- sions for improvement. There is noth- ing ahead but deterioration, to be made good by repairs and new construction. The building and maintenance of automobile roads for the same purpose will involve an entirely different prob- lem. Instead of building an independ- ent and intruding structure the present highways will be utilized. These will be improved to a degree to make the self-propelling vehicle practicable and the use of these will complete the prep- aration, insuring permanence and con- stant improvement. At the present prices of such vehicles the cost of equipping a line with elec- tric traction is far above the automobile. The preparation of the road is also much cheaper and this cost is entirely in the line of public improvement. But when the manufacture becomes per- fected the vehicles will be greatly re- duced in price and then it is safe to pre- dict that their use will be a disturbing factor in the value of suburban electric traction, if, indeed, they do not come into competition with the present street railway conditions in the cities. W. N. Fuller. >___ Have Confidence in Yourself, Timidity in trade is, in one sense, as much a vice as any of the more abhor- rent evils catalogued by men. Vice un- dermines manhood and saps the courage and virtues of our being. Timidity in the business world eventually produces precisely the same effect. The names of men are legion who have fallen into ruin’s pit simply because they did not dare to act. Aware of the value of a good thing, they failed to push forward because they distrusted their own abil- ity. Confidence is hope. Lack of it is almost despair. Hence the possession of confidence is as much a business as- Set as the possession of extraordinary qualities. That is why the common- place man so often proves the success- ful one while his more brilliant neighbor remains in the ranks. No successful business man was ever timid. Launch out—that is the keynote. If you believe there is a show to win, cast all your energy and determination upon that is- sue and take your chances. Hesitate, and your confidence weakens; still hesi- tate, and it dies. The entertaining of timidity spells ruin. = : : : : & * t 7 : 8 PPOTEL WARWICK S. W. COR. DIVISION AND FULTON STS. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. LATELY REMODELED. OFFICE ON GROUND FLOOR. ZaGR WM NICHOLSON, Proprietor. TRANSIENTS $1.50 AND $2.00 PER DAY. FFFSFLOSTSTIFSTSSSSSITITI SIs I33 SEELELEEHEELELELE LEE ONEEEE DS OOO4 ass: ee Flello! Ves, we have both phones No. 455. wh : Lf you want : ; ® Wil Ey oan wal i) 7. Q LIME CEMENT — HAIR SEWER PIPE _ FIRE BRICK A PORTLAND CEMENT ©" DRAIN TILE — COAL Write or phone, and we will be pleased to quote you. S A. MORMAN & CO., 25 canal St., Grand Rapids, Mich. BOOSSSSS 00000000 00S0S00S00SSSS0SOO0SOLONSOOOOOOOS Tp Ss SS. SS -~W .W, .W, BW BW Bs. I. SI. 2... D.D.D..DBak NSS SSSsssssssisssscescesey ¢ SEARCHLIGHT wv OUR STRAIGHT GRADE FLOUR No patent out. GRAHAM CORN MEAL Feed of all Kinds. BROWNELL MILLING CO., f , PLAINWELL, MICH. THOS. E. WYKES, Grana Rapids, rich. Wants your Prices on GRAIN, HAY and WOOD in Car Lots, And you want his Prices on MILL FEED, LIME and CEMENT. WATSON & FROST MANUFACTURERS OF GRAHAM FLOUR. FEED AND CORN MEAL. Wholese ers in OCS, Beans, Grain, Flour, Hay and Wood. 128 & 132 West Bridge St. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. “3 “3 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 49 COMPRESSED YEAST. Wonderful Increase in the Sale of the Staple. To the Fleischmann family undoubt- edly belongs the credit of originally in- troducing compressed yeast into this country. As near as I can ascertain, compressed yeast has been used in the European countries for hundreds of years, and while the late Oliver Bleak, who conducted a grocery store many years at the corner of East Fulton and Lagrave streets, claimed to have manu- factured compressed yeast at Buffalo many years before the Fleischmanns came to this country, yet his operations were on such a small scale that they are hardly entitled to the attention of the careful historian and do not detract in any way from the credit due the Fleisch- manns for the originality, ingenuity and energy they have shown in developing and extending the business. Fleischmann Co. first introduced compressed yeast in Grand Rapids in 1871, P. Kriekaard being agent at that time. Fermentum yeast was introduced in the city by A. Kadish in 1873. He was succeeded by the late P. Spitz in 1878. The Vienna yeast entered this market in 1885, and the Red Star yeast in 1889. At the present time there are seven companies represented here, as follows : Fleischmann & Co. by J. Smyth. Riverside Co. by J. Campbell. Vienna Co. by C. W. Mulholland. Red Star Co. by C. Showalter. A. P. Callahan by M. C. Goossen. Speilman & Co. by Geo. Robson. Sixteen years ago four wagons were sufficient to accommodate the business. Now eleven wagons are employed in the traffic. Sixteen years ago yeast was an article of slow sale, the demand being mostly for dry yeast. Now a very small per- centage of dry yeast is sold, both bakers and consumers using compressed yeast. A great many grocers sold yeast in bulk form at that time, but, on account of the necessity of its being exposed to the dust and dirt, it was put up in tin foil cakes, which has proved very satisfac- tory to both grocers and consumers. It was very difficult to persuade the house- wife to use compressed yeast at first, but after much advertising on the part of the yeast companies, it has been al- most universally adopted in every home in the city. Every grocer in the city handles compressed yeast and no grocery store is complete without it. The yeast comes fresh from the fac- tory every day and is delivered to the grocers and bakers daily by the agent and his representatives. There is alsoa great amount of yeast shipped out of this city to all parts of Michigan. Yeast must be handled with great care in order that the heat may not injure it in summer and the cold may not freeze it in winter. It requires a cool place in the summer to insure the best results. There are a great many more bakeries in this city now than there were six- teen years ago and they consume large quantities of compressed yeast. Com- pressed yeast is also used at summer re- sorts, etc., in the manufacture of root beer. The yeast wagons usually start out in the morning during the summer months at from 5 :30 to 6 o’clock and in the winter months at from 6:30 to 7 o'clock. This is done in order that the grocers may supply their customers with fresh yeast every morning. When compressed yeast was first sold in this city, it was carried to the grocers and bakers in a box, the agent going on foot. Now, as said, it requires eleven wagons for its delivery, as there are from 300 to 400 grocers and from fifty to sixty bakers to be supplied daily. A peculiarity of the business is the length of time many of the employes remain in the hamess. For instance, John Van Osenbruggen was employed by the Fermentum and Riverside com- panies for twenty years, retiring a few months ago on account of ill health. R. VanHazen has worked continuously — for Fleischmann & Co. for eighteen years. P. Kriekaard was placed on the pen- sion list of Fleishmann & Co. about three years ago, after having rounded out a quarter of a century as local man- ager of the business, and now enjoys a monthly stipend amounting to half of his salary when he was formerly active- ly connected with the company. John Smyth. a Criticism of Success. It is strange that men of the most mediocre ability will criticise successful business men in the view that they are entitled to the same success. This isn't true. Most rich men are hard workers and deep thinkers. They attain their prominence after years of effort. They are not content to work for a meagre sal- ary. This spirit in itself makes them successful. They step on obstacles and pass over. They rise to one level and then to another. They deserve success. Ohio Merchant. Judicious Buying. Success is equally as dependent”on good buying as on prompt selling. All the energy, tact and diligence that can be exerted in the sales department. will not be sufficient to counteract a leakage in the buying department. For in- stance, if the merchant buys a_ large supply of goods that are unsalable, they must be sold at a sacrifice to get rid. of them, and will in all probability more than eat up the profit on other lines; or ossibly he buys too few of a line that is in great demand, and when a cus- tomer calls for it he does not have it and the customer has to go elsewhere, pos- sibly never to come back. Of course it is difficult to always guard against such mishaps occurring, but by the exercise of due care and judgment they may be avoided. The better to accomplish this object the merchant should as often as possible get in contact with his custom- ers and study their requirements; he should read the trade papers diligently and keep himself thoroughly posted on the fluctuations of the markets and by these means he will be able to buy judi- ciously. ---___-~> 0-2 Selling goods at or below cost is the most ruinous of all mistaken policies and this fact is being realized with greater keenness with every passing sea- son. he President of the United States of America, JREETING : To HENRY KOCH, yorr clerks, attorneys, ager.> salesmen end workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, Iw her cas, it has been represented to us in our Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey, in the Third Circuit, on the part of the ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainant, that it has lately exhibited its said Bill of Complaint in our said Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey, against you, the said HENRY KOCH, Defendant, to be relieved touching the matters therein complained of, and that the said ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainart, is entitled to the exclusive. use of the designation ‘“‘SAPOLIO” as a trade-mark for scouring soap, iow, Cherefore, we do strictly command and perpetually enjoin you, the said HENRY KOCH, your clerks, attorneys, agents, salesmen and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, uader the pains and penalties which may fall upon you_and each of you in case of disobedience, that you do absolutely desist and refrain from in any manner unlawfully using the word ‘‘SAPOLIO,” or any word or words substantially similar thereto in sound or appearance, in connection with the manufacture or sale of any scouring soap not made or produced by or for the Complainant, and from directly, or indirectly, By word of mouth or otherwise, selling or delivering as “SAPOLIO,” or when “SAPOLIO” is asked for, that which is not Complainant’s said manufacture, and from in any way using the word false or misleading manner. ““SAPOLIO” in any e Witness, The honorable Metvitte W. FuLier, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States of America, at the City of Trenton, in said District of New * Jersey, this 16th day of December, in the year of —___ A busy man’s time is valuable. If you take such a man’s time without good reason you are obtaining money under false pretenses. Prompt Shipment Those of you who have been doing business with us for years have probably noticed that we fill your orders a great deal more promptly than we used to. Those who STRAIGHT SHOE TALK are new customers are pleased to find that we are so prompt. This is not because we are doing less business than formerly- -we are doing more and more every year—but because we realize that when people order goods they want them and want them quickly. Therefore we are making a special effort to give every order, small or large, imme- diate attention and prompt shipment. Let us have yours. : Valley City Milling Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Sole Manufacturers of “LILY WHITE,” “The flour the best cooks use.” When people commence to say, ‘‘Don’t go to Blank’s; he keeps horrid shoes,’’ the sheriff is look- ing in Blank’s direction. ‘Horrid "*shoes may come to the dealer cheap, but they are expensive in theend. There has never been a bad word said about TAPPAN SHOES Too much good cannot be said about them. These goods should find a place in your store. Write for price list. TAPPAN SHOE MFG. CO., COLDWATER, MICH. TOP NTY VOPNTT TET NTP HOP NTT HEP NEO Nor NTO erNeP ener orner or nen tor enter er GET FHE BES} MO \baas (Ce es (KGO00VEARS (GS) MFG c —~— RBS = a c POO UCU VTEC VCC VCC C UVC UULCUVLECVUCUWLEWWTTTy N GOODYEAR GLOVE RUBBERS can be purchased at 25 and 5 off from Write : HIRTH, KRAUSE & CO., Grand Rapids Pes i i i i i new price list. VOTO OPNP HPN NEP ere NerNer Ne Hts Of course we know that the Spices we manufacture are the best on the market; and judging from the number of orders we re- ceive daily, there are thousands of merchants who know what we say is true. If you will send your jobber an order for NORTHROP SPICES then you will know what we Say is true. NORTHROP, ROBERTSON & CARRIER, Lansing, Mich. —_——— UWA UMAGA U0 UA GUNS A 6 Ad kJ J dd 54 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN HARDWARE TRADE. Why Goods Declined — Reasons for the Present Advances. There is little, if any, comparison between the way hardware business is conducted now and sixteen years ago. So many changes take place each year that it is impossible to enumerate them, and then only a few main points can be touched upon. A stock of hardware sixteen years ago consisted of iron, cut nails, bar iron, horse shoe bars, nail rods and plain wire. House trimmings consisted largely of japanned locks, latches, cheap knobs and cast iron butts. To-day the hardware store is really a thing of beauty. Beautiful designs in locks, knobs, butts and other house trimmings have replaced the cheap goods and that, too, at prices scarcely more than the cheap goods at that time com- manded. Hardware is a New inventions and new styles are con- tinually taking the place of old ones. Improved machinery has done away to a large extent with the old style goods and has had much to do with the long and continuous decline in prices for the last sixteen years. The year 1899, so far, is marked as a year in whicha great many changes have taken place. Manufactories have had a tendency to consolidate their several interests for the purpose of realizing somewhat more sat- isfactory margins; the prices that have heretofore been steadily declining are now advancing. The advances this year have not been due altogether to the com- binations or the so-called trusts, but the demand has been very much greater than for some past and = export trade has affected the market material- ly. Perhaps the greatest change has been made in the method of doing busi- ness. That change is now taking place and is already in effect on a large num- ber of articles, and especially on staple goods—that is, in the terms of payment. Heretofore it was customary to sell goods on 60 days’ time, subject to a cash dis- count if paid within ten days from the date of the invoice. This has been changed and goods are billed net at ac- tually the price that the invoice is in- tended to be settled for, and the extreme limit of time now is thirty days. This state of affairs would at first seem like a hardship, but careful examination of the results of such action will show the wisdom of the method, which the most conservative manufacturers and many jobbers have decided to adopt as being a move in the right direction. Changes in the hardware business in Grand Rapids during the last sixteen years have been quite marked, and hap- pily they all have a tendency towards an improved condition. With two first- class jobbing houses and plenty of first- class retail houses in the city, the sev- eral lines of hardware are represented here as well as in the large cities, and at prices that are strictly competitive. As a jobbing point in the line of hard- ware, Grand Rapids now stands second to none in Michigan or the West. J. J. Rutka. progressive business. years American Cutlery in England. It certainly sounds rather astonishing to learn that the enemy’s quarter has been invaded to such an extent that American cutlery is being sold in Shef- field, England. The latter place has for so long been supposed to be the headquarters of the cutlery industry that it seems incredible that England could be losing her prestige in this manner. It has been thought impossible, for a long time at least, to rival Sheffield in the cheapness and quality of the goods _pro- duced there. Any one who would have had the temerity to intimate some years ago that they could be outdone would have been considered very foolish. But all this was before the irrepressible American began to attain such pre-emi- nence in the world of trade. A well- known contemporary has begun to ques- tion just how long Americans will con- tinue to ‘‘carry coals to New Castle.’’ Modern locomotives are also being shipped to England, and every shipload of goods outward bound finds _ itself made up to a considerable extent of things which it was never supposed England would one day seek abroad. It is hard to tell just now where the drift of American ascendancy will end, al- though, of course, it must reach a limit in the course of human events. As is well known, England’s list of imports is constantly growing, while her list of exports is decreasing in propor- tion. How long can she stand the drain? When drawing water from a_ cask it is absolutely certain to be emptied soon if it isn’t refilled. England still mana- ges to maintain a prosperous front, part- ly because the decline of her commerce is so gradual that a crisis has not yet been reached. Her carrying trade is one source of reimbursement for her extrava- gant outgo, and her foreign investments another, but these do not make good_ to her people the tremendous loss of em- ployment they must suffer by purchasing such an enormous bill of goods from abroad as her account shows at the end of each year. There are some things which are radically wrong in Great Brit- ain. The landed gentry do not suffer at least as yet from such a condition of affairs, but the poor laborers and_ their families who are dependent for their sustenance upon the wages made_possi- ble by continued employment, how can they stand to have such great quantities of goods purchased from abroad? Stoves and Hardware Reporter. —_—_—__2-2.___ Use of Corundum Increasing. Within the last few years the use of corundum has greatly increased, partly as a result of the discovery of corundum deposits in North Carolina and Georgia. More recently it has been found in On- tario. Originally corundum was obtained almost exclusively in India. Ranking next to the diamond in hardness, it has long been employed for grinding gems and other hard materials. The use of corundum wheels is now much more general than formerly. As is well known, these wheels are made of corun- dum grains firmly cemented together, and are said to be twice as effective and durable as emery wheels. They are employed instead of steel files for cut- ting down metal surfaces, and in place of grindstones for sharpening tools. It is said that a corundum wheel will grind off a pound of iron in one-eighth of the time and at one-seventh of the cost required to do the same work with a file. ——_~>_2.__ Regulating Department Stores. In France a discriminating tax has been imposed on department stores in the interest of small retail stores, and the matter has recently been persistently urged in Germany. The proposals in Germany looked to a special progressive tax on all mercantile establishments that sell at retail goods of several different kinds, the tax to vary with the amount of business done annually and the num- ber of different kinds of merchandise kept for sale. The revenue derived from such tax was to go to the local treasury of the city in which the depart- ment store was located. SESS EES NO CHARGE | F -FOR TOOLS ONE ROLL WILL COVER 100 SQUARE FEET OF SURFACE AND IS EASILY APPLIED. SESE Ra SARS RS eT eS kez CRASS 4 GRAND RAPIDS, Sh eS THE LATEST THING IN METAL ROOFING. NO CHARGE FOR TOOLS AND NO RETURN OF SAME. We Give You The Tools. ONE SET OF TOOLS WITH EVERY 10 SQUARES. WRITE FOR CIRCULARS AND FULL DE- SCRIPTION HOW TO PUT ON. FOSTER, STEVENS & CO., MICHIGAN. SINS ——7 Roofing Up-to-Date y iw SASS as aaa ee SS ae] Da Se AN DON’T buy Plated Silverware, Clocks or Holiday G oods., until you have consulted our 1899 Fall Catalogue. The most complete Book out. WRITE FOR IT NOW. The Regent Mig. Ory Jackson and Market. CHICAGO. BREA. 2 s MICHIGAN TRADESMAN We Make.... Peppermint Oil Cans Write for Prices. WM. BRUMMELER & SONS, Tinware Manufacturers, 260 South Ionia St., Grand Rapids, Mich. oz. iy oe <> er ee: R S = So IZ FS ASS i bes ss GB >: aaa es i NOTICE THIS BRAND WHEN YOU WANT A GOOD SMOKE MANUFACTURED BY COLUMBIAN CIGAR COMPANY, BENTON HARBOR, MICH. W. H. BARNEY, Proprietdr. Leading Hotel. class. Everything First- Rates, $2 to $3 per Day, Muskegon, Mich. | The Occidental | : : hh hi le : ay, YEAST oe, G handle only goods of VALUE. ] If you are satisfied to remain at : fh : oa aN One Ceny, Ver, aS wisheut eo, wo the tail end, buy cheap unreliable goods. se ow sage re CY OUR LABEL Good Yeast Is Indispensable. FLEISCHMANN & CO. Unper Toerrm YELLOW LABEL Orrer THE BEST! Grand Rapids Agency, 29 Crescent Ave. Detroit Agency, 111 West Larned St. Ws aseseses Se SeSaseesesesese5e5e5esesasaseseqaqguu ee | The King of Light If you need light, when you need light, you need Fe. light that will light you up Cheaply, Brilliantly, Quickly The Sunlight Gasoline Lamp ; PAT’D MAY is cheaper than kerosene. More brilliant than electricity. The Insurance Underwriters say that it is fy perfectly safe by writing policies on it with- out one cent of extra premiums. Money talks. Stores, Churches, Residences» Lodges, Halls, Hotels, Offices and Shops cannot afford to be without it. You will be sorry if you fix your winter lighting before writing to us. Owing to excessive orders we have been unable to keep in stock; but we have lately increased our facilities so as to enable us to fill all future orders promptly. Moneymaking terms to local agents. Michigan Light Co., Grand Rapids, ae a lb 23 Pearl korea ga ae & od & & % & ro] PO es ee ee eee ee a aa eae ae le eee ee eee SEA SEA EASA Sas Se a St See hoe ae oe ae le EE EEE EOE EEE EN EE CP Co This Will Benefit YOU This book teaches farmers to make better butter. of butter that is better made because of its teaching, benefits the grocer who buys it or takes it in trade. The book is not an adver- tisement, but a practical treatise, written by a high authority on butter making. It is stoutly bound in oiled linen and is mailed free to any farmer who sends us one of the coupons which are packed in every bag of Diamond Crystal Butter Salt Sell the salt that’s all salt and give your customers the means by which they can learn to make gilt- edge butter and furnish them with the finest and most profitable salt to put in it. DIAMOND CRYSTAL SALT CO., St Clair, Mich. Every pound eceerrrrrrerrrrrrrrerrrrr rr ree 56 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WHOLESALE GROCERY TRADE. The Business on a Progressive and Sub- stantial Basis. The seventeenth anniversary of the Michigan Tradesman comes at a time of general prosperity in the wholesale grocery business, and I believe that the Michigan Tradesman has materially as- sisted in that prosperity. The Michi- gan wholesale grocers extend a cordial and friendly word of commendation for the past and good wishes for the future. I believe that we shall continue to en- jOy co-operation, as it is a matter of self-interest. In co-operation and friendly assistance there is great Strength. In single-handed, selfish ac- tion there are weakness and deteriora- tion. It is especially so in reference to our Grand Rapids market, as applied to the wholesale grocery business, as the formation of our Peninsular State pre- vents territorial expansion that other markets enjoy. Therefore, we must de- pend upon the personal, physical and ditions, better wage conditions and better credit conditions. I would also suggest that the merchants, both whole- sale and retail, who are large customers and shippers over Michiagn railroads join hands for the purpose of creating and maintaining better freight rate con- ditions. They should assist the mana- gers of railroads in getting a trunk line basis of freight rates. By so doing, we would be upon a competing basis with outside markets, and the greater vol- ume of business secured would lessen the cost to the consumer and every resi- dent of the city and State would be ben- efited. Within the life of the Michigan Tradesman rail lines into this city have changed from stubs to carriers of through freight from our great Northwest, and the rapid development of that portion of our country will bring more and more through shipments and great trunk lines will soon be the result; in fact, we are now upon trunk lines, but are not yet reaping the full benefit of the changed mental activity of all interested and by merit secure and maintain a large por- tion of our local trade. The old adage, ‘There is no royal road to wealth,’’ is as certain to-day as it was one hundred years ago. Industry, based upon _intel- ligent and persistent effort, will surely bring its reward. This persistent indus- try should be extended along many lines and, if public sentiment could be created that would bring to our local merchants more patronage than they have at present and lessen the patronage that is extended by our people to other markets, it would be of great benefit. If I could have my way about it, the owners of factories and blocks rented to retailers, bankers and professional men and, in fact, all of our citizens, would buy all of their family supplies from home retailers and thereby establish more firmly local prosperity. Manufac- turers would continue to act and pro- gress along lines of friendly co-opera- tion, lately partially established, and the result would be better dividend con- conditions. In my opinion, the time is near at hand when Grand Rapids will be recognized by the freight bureaus as being a trunk line town, which recogni- tion, coupled with the improvement of Grand River, will place Western Mich- igan upon a better freight basis than we have heretofore enjoyed. Grand Rapids wholesale grocers are all well estab- lished ; they have ample capital ; they have the brightest of traveling repre- sentatives; they have the confidence of their trade, and I sanguinely predict a continuation of a reasonably substantial merchandising condition. William Judson. She Thought He Meant It. The little yacht was becalmed and he suggested that she whistle for some wind. ‘‘ I'm afraid to,’’ she replied. ‘“Why?’’ he asked. ‘I can’t tell what you’ll do when I get my lips all puckered up,’’ she an- swered. ‘I won’t do a thing,’’ he promised. ‘‘Then I won’t whistle,’’ she retorted. The Best of Reasons why you should be prejudiced in faver of : : 1. The generating capacity is larger than any othe erator on the market, holding 1 lb. carbide to % foot burner. 2. Our carbide container is a compartment pan pockets holding from 1 to 3 Ibs. each, the water acting on but one at a time, thus no heating or wasting of gas. 3- There are no valves to be opened or closed by ratchets or levers. It is extremely simple and is sure. 4- Our Gasometer has no labor to perform, thus insuring at all times the same even pressure. 5. All pipes are self-draining to the condens- ing chamber. 6. Our Gasometers for same rat-d capacity are the largest on the market, and will hold a large supply. It saves. 7- The Bruce Generator, when left to do its own work, will not blow off or waste the gas. 8. Not least, but greatest. Our Purifier takes out all moisture and impurities from the gas, making it impossible for pipes to clog up or the burners to choke up and smoke. THE BRUGE GENERATOR r Gen- m0 1 | | Nr » With forks, ; | | | sso ar=oersnnagSennEDUInIe EEE Rae ee Me {gue RESET carmooeeremaaer oN BRUGE GENERATOR CO., Mirs. 183-187 W. 30 SL, 8 - POUL MIND. | agents for Mick. ee Gace son, WE ARE THE PEOPLE Profiting by the experience of the numerous generators which have been put on the market during the past two years, we have succeeded in creating an ideal generator on entirely new lines, which we have designated as the TURNER GENERATOR If you want the newest, most economical and most easily operated machine, write for quotations and full particulars. TURNER & HAUSER} 121 OTTAWA ST., GRAND RAPIDS. State rights for sale Tritt! fsb vy men seen lene in ln a i i i Ain i in ia in Mn Alin i lin iis la te tt tin th i i Ce eee facturers. no smoke, no coals on burners. much gas escapes when charging as in former machines and you cannot blow it’s simple. the carbide in and the machine does the rest. perfectly automatic. all times charged. Do not buy a it. It’s made for business. Board of Underwriters. cheerfully sent on application. Here It Is! The Holmes Generator Just what you have been looking for. The latest, the best, the safest, the most durable and most sav- ing of carbide on the market. It has the improve— all generator manu- gas, no over heating, Only one-tenth as ts a tor b © more waste it up. It’s safe, It is sold under a guarantee. You put It is A perfect and steady light at No flickering or going out when enerator until you have You want a good one and we have Fully approved by Catalogue and _ prices Experienced acety- 1 imited territory for sale. this. gas agents wanted. Also dealers in Carbide, Fixtures, Fittings, Pipe. Holmes-Bailey Acetylene Gas Co. Maaton, Micihgan. PAPPPPPPPPIPIPIP PPP IPP IP PIPPPLIAPD DDD DDD OD OS New Prigés on Bicycle sundries Dealers of Michigan are requested to drop us a card asking for our July 1st discount sheet on Bicycle Sundries, Supplies, etc. Right Goods, Low Prices and Prompt Shipments will continue to be our motto. Dealers who are not next to us on wheels and sundries are invited to correspond. ADAMS & HART, 12 W. Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Wholesale Bicycles and Sundries. The Howwhowhat. In has been said that, unquestionably beyond reach of successful contradiction, more retail mer- chants make a failure of their business from for- gotten charges, caused by lack of systematic man- agement, than from all other causes combined, which statement leads one to think things ought to change; but how? By whom and what? First, How? By introducing a system to this class of business men that insures them against the possi- bility of a forgotten charge, used in connection with a system for retailers which saves the profits, only from which are fortunes made. Second, By whom? By the Egry Autographic Register Co., who plan systems for retailers in all lines of busi- ness, enabling them to save the profits by stopping the leaks. Third, By what? By us- ing the Egry Auto- graphic Register— adapted to any class of business needs. Address inquiries or send orders for what you want to L, A. BLY, Alma, Mich. A a MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 87 Commercial Travelers Michigan Knights of th of the crip President, CHAS. L. STEVENS, Ypsilanti; See- retary, J.C. SAUNDERS, Lansing; Treasurer, O. C. GOULD, Saginaw. Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Association President, JAMES E. DAy, Detroit; Secretary and Treasurer, C. W. ALLEN, Detroit. United Commercial Travelers of Michigan Grand Counselor, JNO. A. MURRAY, Detroit; Grand Secretary, G. S. VALMORE, Detroit: Grand Treasurer, W. S. MEst, Jackson. Grand Rapids Council No. 131 Senior Counselor, D. E. KrEYEs; Secretary- Treasurer, L. F. Baker. Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Mutual Accident Association President, J. BoyD PANTLIND, Grand Rapids; Secretary and Treasurer, GEO. OWEN, Grand Rapids. chikaladlh elcade. ID. Fisher, the Bay City grocery salesman, has removed from Bay City to Cheboygan. As will be noted elsewhere, Chair- man Manley Jones has decided upon September 23 as the proper date to hold the annual picnic of the Grand traveling men and has called a at Sweet’s Hotel Saturday evening to arrange for the programme and select the proper committees to undertake the management of the event. pic- nics have come to be regarded as red letter days by the traveling fraternity of the Valley City, and there is every rea- son to believe that this year’s picnic will prove no exception to the general rule. Rumor has it that Will T. Crane, rep- resenting A. Krolik & Co., the well- known dry goods house of Detroit, is contemplating leaving the road and em- barking in a new enterprise (that is, new to Will) more suitable, perhaps, to his countenance and general make-up, as seen by some others. Crane does not intend to retire from the road entirely, but he does prefer the dust and heat of a village road to the hustle and bustle of a railroad. Consequently, he is giv- ing the glad hand to the traveling fra- ternity with a view of securing their patronage for future use in his new am- bition of either manipulating a ’bus line in his own right or securing a position as driver for some party or parties al- ready established in the business. It all happened this way: Will always con- sidered himself a typical traveling sales- man in his actions, looks and general demeanor, but one day this week while in Lowell his hopes were so_ utterly blasted that he concluded his only re- course was to secure other fields of em- ployment. Crane usually desires that things should move about as_ he _ thinks they should and he is _ never bashful about letting people know it. He en- tered the ‘bus at Lowell on Monday of this week and for some reason unknown to him at that time (but which he found out afterwards) the vehicle did not start as soon as he thought it should. Pres- ently an oldish lady was about to enter the ’bus and Crane yelled to the driver, ‘Say, I don’t want to stop here all day. If you are going up town get a move on yourself.’’ The aforesaid lady, think- ing that he had reference and was di- recting his command to her, replied, ‘“Well, I guess if you were blind you would want some one to look after you. There is a couple in the depot that can’t see daylight and I guess if I want to look after them I am going to.’’ At this Crane remained mute and everything went along very smoothly until the "bus was about to stop at the Waverly, when the lady aforesaid nudged Crane with Rapids meeting These her parasol and said she did not want to stop there, but wanted to go to the ond house beyond Mrs. white, green, blue, purple the rainbow -spread over Will’s face, each color in its turn. A look of grave disappointment covered his fair counte- nance. Gathering himself together the best he could after such a body blow, the demented man exclaimed in most sorrowful tones, ‘‘What do you take me driver?’’ Poor bewildered and downcast Will slept not for two nights. On the third night sleep quieted his misery and in that peaceful sleep he was heard to exclaim in accents wild, ‘*A wolf in sheep’s clothing.’’ >> o> Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Direct- ors, M. K. of G, Lansing, Sept. 2 sec- Red, all colors of Nash's. for, a bus At the regular quar- terly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Michigan Knights of the Grip, held at Hotel Downe ‘y, Lansing, on Sept. 2, the following members. were in at- tendance: President Stevens, Secre- tary Saunders, Treasurer Gould, Direct- ors Schram, Smith and Thorn. Absent Directors: Converse, Mills and Ran- dall Secretary Saunders presented his re- port of receipts since the last Board meeting, as follows: Death fund Pe . $2,490 00 General fund. ........ eee eae 27 00 Deposit fund>......... 18 00 $2,535 00 Treasurer Gould's report showed re- ceipts and disbursements as follows : GENERAL FUND. Balanee on hand.. .$ 635 44 Received from Se cret iry “Saunde rs 27 00 662 44 PASDMESOMONMES. 0 20 G1. o , SON Oe Balance on hand. ............ sis 5 2 DEATH FUND. Balanee on hand. .... be Lo Oe Oe Received from Secretary Saunders 2,490 00 / 4,917 59 Disbursements eae eat ci ... 2,500 00 Balanee on hand... ...... -$2,417 59 DEPOSIT FUND. Balance on hand.. i. 29 25 Received from Secret ury "Saunders 18 00 : 47 25 IISDUPSOMIOMUS 26 tse 31 25 palanes GN NANG. os $ 1600 The Finance Committee reported that it had examined the reports of the Treasurer and Secretary and found same to be correct. Adopted. The following bills were allowed and warrants ordered drawn for same: J.C. Saunders, postage an‘ Lsupplies.... .$ 62 80 Lansing Journal Co., printing. ............ 15 75 0. €. Gould, salary to date. ............... 59 04 . Cc. Saunders, salary to date.. ........... 130 00 eT Stevens, attending Board meeting. . 5 36 ©. C. Gould, attending Board meeting... 4381 J. W. Sehram, attending Board mee ting.. 5 52 Chas. H. Smith, attending Board meeting. 48] J. W. Thorn, attending Board meeting.... 3 08 Proofs of death of L. W. Beesley, Lansing, and H. P. Baker, Grand Rapids, were presented, approved and claims ordered paid. Proofs of death of S. E. Moines, la., and Jas. L. Benson, Chi- cago, were returned for notarial author- ity, being outside the State. The Secretary reported it would be necessary to have a new membership book and on motion of Director Schram the Printing Committee was instructed to procure same. There being no further business, the Board adjourned to meet in Grand Rap- ids the last Saturday in November. J. C. Saunders, Sec’y. ———+>-2 .>___ Arrangements for the Annual Picnic. Grand Rapids, Sept. 4—You are re- quested to attend a meeting to be held at Sweet’s Hotel parlors Saturday even- ing, Sept. 9, at 8 o'clock, sharp, to make arrangements and appoint com- mittees for the annual picnic to be held Sept. 23. A good attendance is desired. Manley Jones, Chairman Post E. ———>_+.>___ It is said that go per cent. of the com- mon contagious diseases are carried from house o house by the domestic pets of the wurld. Wells, Des PLATE GLASS. How American Glass Has Superseded the Impoftted. I went into the glass and paint busi- ness in 1865. On January 1, 1867, I be- came a member of the firm of Wm. Wright & Co., Detroit. In July, 1871, I became a member of the firm of Reid & Hills; and in January, 1870, ceeded to the business of the latter firm, since which date I have continued the under the firm name of suc- business alone William Reid. When I first engaged in the there were only a few plate glass fronts in Michigan, and scarcely any plate glass was used in the resi- dences. Plate glass was all imported then and business very best cost five times its present price. All stocks were held and carried in New York and Boston until 1885. At this latter date 1 was the: first dealer in the West to put i ina stock of pl ite glass in stock sheets. Very nearly all of the plate glass used in this country is now manufactured here; and it takes about 15,000,000 square feet to supply the de- mand, which has been constantly in- creasing until now our entire factory facilities are crowded to keep supplies in store. The manufacture of sheet glass has also made wonderful progress. In 1867 nearly all of the glass for good build- ings was imported. The grade made by American manufacturers prior to. this time was poor, their first quality be- ing about equal to imported third qual- ity. Now the American sheet glass is as good as imported and has almost entire- ly displaced it in our commercial mar- kets, and especially so in the West. The present price of window glass, al- though abnormally high in comparison with prices current during the past ten years, is only about one-third or one-half what it was twenty-five years ago, our facilities, capital and skilled mechanism in the glass industry having succeeded in bringing the results I have mentioned in both plate and window glass. William Reid. + 0 ee - Commend Him to His New Neighbors. Kalamazoo, Sept. 4—At a meeting of the traveling men of Kalamazoo, held at the parlors of the Burdick House, Sun- day, Sept. 3, the following resolutions— prepared by W. D. Watkins and F. L. Nixon—were unanimously adopted: Whereas—Our friend and Some. E. Starbuck, finds it necessary to remove to Goshen, Ind., in order that he may be nearer the center of his field of use- fulness ; and Whereas—We sincerely regret his de- parture and wish to give public expres- sion to the esteem in whichthe is held by all who know him; therefore <~-—# Resolved—-That in leaving, Kalama- 200, Mr. Starbuck takes with him’ the very best wishes of every traveling man in this city and the regret of his leav- ing will not be confined alone’ to the traveling men, but to the large circle of his friends and acquaintances ; Resolved—-That we recomme ‘nd him to any traveling men’s organization with which he may desire to identify himself in his future home as an upright and courteous gentleman who is loyal to his friends and his chosen occupation and as a desirable and earnest advocate of the principles which elevate the stand- ing Ff the commercial traveler. >.< —____— hein Economy Due to Absences. Lansing, Sept. 4 1 am constrained to write you in regard to a wrong im- pression which seems to have gone out with reference to the expenses of hold- ing Board meetings in different places. For instance, in the report of the June meeting, as published in the Trades- man, a Comparison is made showing the expense of the Board meeting held at Owosso to be $31.75, while the expense of the meeting held at Detroit was $48. 22. The facts are that at the Owosso meeting two members were absent, while at De- troit the full Board was in attendance. You will also see that the expense of holding the Lansing meeting was only $23.58, owing to the absence of three members. J. C. Saunders, sec’y M. K. of G. Taggart, -Knappen & Denison, PATENT ATTORNEYS 811-817 Mich. Trust Bidg., - Grand Rapids Patents Obtained. Patent Litigation Attended To in Any American Court. REMODELED HOTEL BUT_ER Rates, $1. I. M. BROWN, PROP. Washington Ave. and Kalamazoo St., LANSING. THE FINEST NEWEST LATEST Designs in Wall Paper are always in our stock. Ww OUR PAINTS ARE PURE anp FRESH Ww We carry the finest line of Picture Mouldings in the city and our Frame makers are experts. Ww A complete Artists’ Material catalogue for the asking. Ww C. L. HARVEY & CO., 59 MONROE ST., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 08 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Drugs--Chemicals Michigan State Board of Pharmacy Term expires A.C, SCHUMACHER, Ann Arbor - Dee. 31, 1899 GEO. GUNDRUM, Ionia - - Dec. 31, 1900 L. E. REYNOLDs, St. Joseph - Dee. 31, 1901 HENRY HEIM, Saginaw - - Dee. 31, 1902 Wirt P. Dory, Detroit - - - Dee. 31, 1903 President, GEO. GUNDRUM, Ionia. Secretary, A. C. SCHUMACHER, Ann Arbor. Treasurer, HENRY HEIM, Saginaw. E xamination Sessions Lansing—Nov. 7 and 8. State Pharmaceutical Association President—O. EBERBACH, Ann Arbor. Secretary—CHAsS. F. MANN, Detroit. Treasurer—J. S. BENNETT, Lansing. The Druggist Who Did Not Enjoy His Camping Trip. Written for the Tradesman. As | entered his place of business, the druggist sat at a sloping-top table at the back end of the store, a half-burned_ ci- gar dead in his fingers and a tired look on his face. He gave me a good _ sized order without his customary argument regarding prices, and I knew at once that there was something wrong with him. ‘*There,’’ I said, closing my book, “‘that’s the last bit of work I intend do- ing until the first of the month. I’m going off on a vacation. Wish you could go along.”’ He looked up with a wan smile on his face. **Where are you going?’’ he asked. ‘Down the river camping,’’ was my hopeful reply. “You are not above listening to a bit of friendly advice?’’ he asked, lighting his cigar and tipping back in his chair. ‘Certainly not,’’ was my _ reply. ‘What is it?’’ | Don't do it.’ ‘Don't do what?"’ : "‘Don’'t go down the river camping.’ ‘And why not?’’ I demanded, think- ne I saw a story back of the strange advice. ‘‘I’ve had a hard year and I’m all tired out. I feel like sleeping inthe shade of some tangled thicket for about a month.’”’ The druggist laughed. **] see you’ve got it all thought out,’’ he said: ‘The ripple of the river, the rustle of the leaves, the changing gleams of light and shade, the long, lazy days, with no sounds to vex the ear save the soft,sweet call of the bird and the mu- sical whir of the reel as the ten pound fish fights gamely for its life in the eddying pool. Yes, I think you'll have to go.”’ ‘I guess you've been figuring it out,’ I said. ‘*You talk like a man who has been having day dreams of a life in the woods. ’’ ‘‘I’ve been having the reality,’’ said the druggist, with a tired yawn, ‘‘and I don’t think I'll get over it in the next year.’’ ‘*Where did you go?’ ‘Down the river—camping.”’ ORT? ‘Of all the insane notions that man- kind is heir to,’’ said the merchant, ‘‘this camping notion is the worst. 1 feel like kicking myself every time I think of my last exploit in that line. Why any man in his right mind should prefer the hard, damp ground to a soft bed,a meal of burned bacon and grease- soaked potatoes to a dinner at home, is more than I can figure out. And the flies and bugs! Well, I’ve had my trip, and I’ll take my punishment, but you don’t catch me in that sort of a deal again.’’ ‘‘Didn’t you have a good time?’’ I asked. ‘A good time,’’ echoed the merchant. ‘*Say, did you ever have one of those comfortable dreams about swimming in subterraneous passages filled with black, stinking water? About ducking your head now and then when you heard the hiss of a snake in the darkness, or strik- ing out madly as the slimy body of some water reptile drifted against your face or crawled down the back of your neck?’’ "No," 1 said, wath a smile, “(1 usu ally stop drinking before 1 get as far along as that.’’ ‘Oh, this wasn't a case of the d. t,’ said the druggist, ‘‘but it was a case of being up against the real thing. There were three of us, and we took only two small bottles of snake tonic and a case of beer. It was about dark when we got on the river, and we left half our stuff in the wagon, so we had to hustle for coffee, sugar, salt, matches and_ half dozen more little things without which the camper can not exist. Tom dumped the smoking tobacco into the river be- fore we got under the first bridge and Dick got the fishing lines all tangled up in his big feet before we got ready to cast a fly. We drifted along, trying to make ourselves believe we were hav- ing an awfully jolly time until about midnight, and then went into camp. We hadn’t a sign of a tent, so we spread our blankets on the ground and crawled in after a supper that would have made Samson cry like a child from indiges- tion.’’ ‘That’s the trouble with campers,’’ I sagely remarked. ‘‘ They don’t look far enough ahead.’’ ‘‘Well,’’ continued the druggist, along in the night I began to have those cheerful dreams, and I don’t won- der at it, for the supper I had eaten would have made McKinley throw up his job or anything else he happened to have about his person. Embalmed beef is pie to a thing of that sort.’’ oe ‘*You must have been a comfortable companion,’’ I said, ‘‘especially if the others wanted to sleep.’ 1 dreamed,’’ continued the druggist, “that 1 was walking along a country road just after the flood had retreated from the surface of the earth. All about me were stagnant pools of water, in which various brands of repulsive rep- tiles swam and fought, and on the right was a barb-wire fence. Now, | did not have time to consider how the barb-wire got there in the twilight of the new world, but | do remember of wishing that Noah had put the meshes farther apart. I remember, too, of thinking that I’d better climb the fence so as not to disturb the pastimes of a nest of sharks which were gazing up at me with red eyes.’ ‘‘How many bottles did you say you took along?’’ I asked. “Only two,’’ was the sober reply. ‘Well, I got through the fence and went into the river. There the dream ended. There were the stars, and the trees, and the voices of the night birds, and there, also, was I, spitting out black ooze and swimming for dear life. I was fully dressed and wore a heavy overcoat and a pair of shoes, and I seemed to weigh aton. I came near dying before I got on the right side of that barb-wire fence again. I couldn’t find the camp, and I had no more idea where I was than what had become of the sharks and the ark of my dream. I got over into a field, only to be chased out by a herd of steers whose slumbers I had disturbed, and then I sat down on a log and lifted up my voice. J was too weak and scared to lift up my feet and walk, and I had to lift up something. I think that at that stage of the game my voice would have thrown a freight train off the track. Talk about getting away from the haunts of men! There, as I said before, were the twinkling stars, there were the trees, with their drooping boughs and their musical clash of leaves and there were the shrill voices of the night birds, but what I wanted was something human and a bit of tonic and a dry suit of clothes and something to eat, and vari- ous other things which are not to be had in the night or in lonely places. It was an hour before the boys found me and tried to make me warm again.’’ ‘I'd like plans and specifications re- garding those two small bottles,’’ I said. ‘“The bottles were not half large enough,’’ was the reply, ‘‘for I was chilled to the bone. In the morning my clothes were a sight, and I quit camp- ing right there. I was seven miles from home and I walked in, leaving the boys to get the boat to the nearest railway station and send it home. I held quite a reception on the road home, too. Everybody I knew in that whole region was out on the road that morning, ac- companied by their wives and their daughters and their sweethearts. They hailed me in friendly voices, but they whispered to each other and cast suspi- cious glances in my direction as I passed by. I couldn’t stop and explain my sleep-walking exploit. Oh, it was a beautiful outing, and the glories of Nature were all about me, but | wouldn’t try it again for a thousand dollars. The next time I want a good rest-up, I’m going to swing a hammock on my lawn and stay at home and_ play with the children. No, sir, you don’t get any more sleep-walking and barb- wire fences fresh from the ark and man- eating sharks with red eyes drifting through my vacations.”’ And the merchant leaned back in his chair again and lighted a fresh cigar. I didn’t try to argue the matter with him, for there are times when experience is superior to all argument, and I believed this to be one of them. Alfred B. Tozer. The Drug Market. Opium-——Has advanced and is very firm, owing to the higher price in pri- mary markets. Morphine--Is unchanged. Quinine-—Is weak and tending lower. Citric Acid--Has declined and, as the season is about over, still lower prices are probable. Cuttle Fish Bone —Is scarce and has advanced and has an upward tendency. Glycerine —-Is very firm and is being sold by jobbers lower than manufactur- ers’ present price. Essential Oils Anise is _ slightly lower. Pure wintergreen is scarce and has advanced. Cajeput has been ad- vanced and is very firm. Buchu and Senna Leaves--Are scarce and firm at advanced price. Linseed Oil--Is very firm and has ad- vanced, on account of higher price for seed, —— Seven Out of a G Ann Arbor, Sept. ~The Michigan Board of Pharmacy held a meeting at Houghton Aug. 28 and 29. There were seventeen applicants present for exami- nation, fifteen for registered pharma- cist certificate and two for assistant papers. Six applicants received regis- tered pharmacist papers and one assist- ant papers. Following is a list of those recelving certificates as registered phar- macists : G. E. Amidon, Houghton. C. J. Ayres, Lawton. Otto Graf, Rockland. H. E. Goette, Detroit. i RR. mh Sa Hancock. J. R. Stannard, Gaines. E. Sjolander, of Ishpeming, passed as assistant pharmacist. The next meeting of the Board will be held at Lansing Nov. 7 and 8 Six cases of violation of the pharmacy law were recorded since the last meet- ing of the Board, all of which were con- ; victed and fined. A. C. Schumacher, Sec’y. Case of Cruelty. A little girl whose acquaintance with the zoological wonders of creation was limited was looking at one of the ele- phants in Lincoln Park, Chicago, while on her first visit to that popular resort. Observing that the animal stood mo- tionless near a water- trough, she said: Poor thing! Why don’t they lift up his trunk and fasten it back sc he can drink. L. PERRIGO CO., Mfg. Chemists, ALLEGAN, MICH. Perrigo’s Headache Powders, Perrigo’s Mandrake Bitters, Perrigo’s Dyspepsia Tablets and Perrigo’s Quinine Cathartic Tablets are gaining new friends every day. ply on, write us for prices. If you haven’t already a good sup- FLAVORING EXTRACTS AND DRUGGISTS’ SUNDRIES Ss. 5C. CIGAR. WORLD’S BEST ALL JOBBERS AND G.J JOHNSON CIGARCO. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Vw RS eee re a Ke ele y BENTON HARBOR, MICH, Treated to a_ successful 7 conclusion. Writeusfor ® literature and full infor- ( e@ j e@ Alcohol and mation. Don’t delay if you need this treatment. es Opi UIT) THE KEELEY INSTITUTE BO: x 1185 Usi ng BENTON HARBOR, MICH. | | UTE Cling | MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WHOLESALE PRICE CURRENT. Advanced— Declined— Acidum ——- Mae... 6. _Seitke Oe, a@ 50 -etie 4 vagy «©6063. | Copaiba ............. 1 15@ 1 256) Tolutan.......... ats @ 50 Be ——o. German. a 7D Cu ebie spores ests so 1 00 Pranus Virg......... @ ww Boracic........ o 6 oe Peters : pt : a Tinctures ¢ > ce 26 a7 4 p rte teen ee f iM Carbolicum .. ashe = Gaultheria .......... 1 5% 1 60 | —_ wee its r S Hydroehlor......... 3¢@, 5| Geranium, ounce.. s 2 ' oli Nitrocum..........-. 8@ 10| Gossippii, Sem. gal. 50,60 | ace <2 ik = Oxalicum...........- 1@ 14| Hedeoma... — S 00 | Arnice r i 50 Phosphorium, dil. .. @ 15| Jumipera ............ 159 2 00) Aer tida 70 Salieylicum ......... 40@ 50 Lavendula .......... 90 2 00 | Kipane Bel : eee ; Pte S any = trope Be Madonna. 60 Sulphuricum ........ 14@ 5| Limonis. . -. 1 35 1 45 | i ti Cort 50) Tannicum........... 90@ 1 00] Mentha Piper. ...... 1 25@ 2 00 Ronen oe a Tartaricum ......... 38@ 409| Mentha Verid. 1 50, 1 60 | ee aie ce aca S : Morea, gal....... 1 00@ 1 15| Benzoin Co. eh 50 Ammonia Myreia . = 4 00@ 4 50 | Barosma.. : 50 Aqua, 16 deg......... 4@. 6 | Olive . eee | ea a a Ctr 75 Aqua, 20 deg......... 6@ 8 | Picis Liquida........ 10 «12| Capsicum . 50 Carbonas..........-. 2@ 14] Picis L iquida, sa.. @, 35|Cardamon........... Chioridum........... 1M =-14| Rieina. ge@ 1 oo | Cardamon © ee > Aniline Rosmarini. cee @ 100 Castor . ee 1 00 _ | Rosie, ounce... 6 50@ g 50 | Catechu .......-... 4, 50 Back. ae 2 Suecini 401 45 (ences ............ 50 3rown 80@. 1 00! Sanina 201222227171) 90@1 oo | Cinchona Co......... 60 Bea. 45@ 50! Santal............... 250@ 7 00 | Columba ............ 50 Yellow.............-. 2 0@ 3 00} gaccafras 7" 5p 59 | Cubebee.. ee 50 Baccve Sinapis, ess., ounce. @ 65 S ASSIA Ac utifol. seers = Cubebe sit 1 12@ 14] Tiglil. . 150@ 1 60 ao useopcapart 50 Juniperus... 6@ 8 Thyme... Suey va WO 50) ae a BO Xanthoxylum . 20@ 25 Thyme ‘s a vtssreses @ I 60) Ferri Chioridum.... 35 Theobromas ........ 10 20 : Stic ce Gentian . “ee 50 ‘opaib: HO@ 5d oe rentian So 60 ee. oa a a > ‘calc... ak eee. 50 Te srabin, ¢ ‘anada.. 35@ 40] Bichromate......... Ba “a 60 Tolutan.. 40@ 45 en ee se “ 57 Tou y . 20 Carb s a 2a 15 odine .. i. oO "Cortex Chlorate .. PO. 17°19 16@ 18 | Iodine, colorless. 75 Abies, Canadian. . 18 | Cyanide . B Som 46 | pO... ks .:.. 50 Cassie... 1v | Iodide... ..eeee. 2 40@ 2 50] Lobelia .. 50 Cinchona Flava. 18 | Potassa, Bitart, pure 28c@ 30) Myrrh............... 50 Euonymus atropurp. 30 | Potassa, Bitart, com. @ 5| Nux Vomiea. 50 Myriea Cerifera, po. 20 | Potass Nitras, opt.. 7@ 10| Opii..... fe 75 Prunus Virgini...... 12} Potass Nitras....... 6a 8 | Opii, comphorated .. 50 Quillaia, gr’d........ 12| Prussiate............ 23@ 26 | Opii, deodorized. .... 1 50 Sassafras .....po. 18 12 | Sulphate po Cs, is@ 1s} Quassia ............. 50 Ulmus.. po. 15, gr°d 15 Radix : es 50 Extractum Aconitum....:....... 200 25 fae ia ar A c ce By Glyeyrrhiza Glabra. 24@ 25] Althwe............... 22@ 25 | Serpentaria . Lee 50 Glyeyrrhiza, po..... 28@ 30] Anchusa............. 10@ 12 Stromonium......... 60 Hiematox, 15 Ib. box W@ = 12 —_— =. @ i Poinin ............ 60 Hiematox, 1s....... 13@ =614]| Calamus... : 200 i Valerian sf... 50 Hiematox, s....... W@ 15] Gentiana...... po.i5 12@ 15| Veratrum’ Veride... By Hiematox, 4s........ 16@ 17] Glyehrrhiza...pv. 15 16@ 18 | Zingiber. 29 | ieee Hydrastis Canaden. @ 7 Mise sailed ‘ ee . | Hydrastis Can., po. . @ & : Carbonate Precip... 15 Hellebore, Alba, po. 12, 15| Hther, Spts.Nit.3F 30@ 35 Citrate and Quinia.. 225) Inula, po.. 1n@ 9 | ther, Spts. Nit.4F 34@ 38 Citrate Soluble...... 75 Ipecac, po.. Ve 4 60@ 475| Alumen............. 24@ 3 Ferrocyanidum Sol.. 40 | Tris plox.. “po. : a38 43K 40} Alumen, gro’d. Po. 7 3a, 4 Solut. Chloride. . +... 15] Jalapa, pr. hae iy 250, 30 | Annatto.. 40@. 50 Sulphate, con. 2 Maranta, 14s. a 35 ‘Antimoni. po.. 4a 5 oe = ‘1, by -“ Podophyllum, po... 2@ 25 pee gl t Potass T a = D1, per e 73a ntipyrin : @ 35 Sulphate, pure...... 7 thet, cut... “ na es niee a i "5 Antifebri pip... @ w» Flora Rhei, “| g@ 1 35 | Argenti Nitras, oz. a = ie 2@ Spigella _..... 83@ 38] Arsenicum.......... 0@ & ype tie a = 4 Sanguinaria... “po. 15 @. 18} Balm Gilead Buds.. — 38@ 40 Matcha 30@ 35 | Serpentaria......... 4o@, 45 | Bismuth S. N.. - 140@ 1 50 i : : Senega . 40u, 45) Caleium Chlor., 1s. @ 9 Folia Smilax, officinalis H. @ 40 Cakeum Chior., '98.. @ 10 Barosma. . 20@ 25] Smilax, @ 25| Caleium Chior., '4s.. @ i Cassia Acutifol, Tin- Seilla ....0...po. 35 10@ «12 | Cantharides, Rus.po = @ 7 nevelly . Wwa@ <5 Symplocarpus, Foeti- — Fructus,a @ 15 Cassia, Acutifol, AIx. 25@ 30 us; PO... 0... @ 5 | Capsici Fructus, po. @ Ww Salvia officinalis, 44s Valeriana, Eng. po. 30 @ 2% | Capsici Fructus B, po @ bb and is v@ 20] Valeriana, German. 15 20 | Caryophyllus. P ogg 1 12@ 14 UsUrs sa 10] Zingibera. eg 6 paeggr es No. . ase 3 00 . » 20 7 era AlDA.........-- JOE oo aeent —, - %@ | Gera Flava. 40@, 42 Acacia, 1st picked.. @ 65 ‘Semen Aaceuen | a = Acacia, 2d picked .. @ 45) Anisum. -po. 15 @ 12!| Cassia Fructus.. @ 35 Acacia, 3d_ picked .. @ 35 — (grav eleons). 13@ 15} Centraria.. @ 10 Acacia, sifted sorts. @ 28| Bird, S 40 6 | Cetaceum. @ 4 Acacia, po.. .. 45B@ 65 . Wee po. 1s 10@ 2i¢ hloroform . as | ea cs Aloe, Poiol po. 18@20 12@ 14|Cardamon.. .... 1 246@ 1 75| Chloroform, squibbs @ 110 Aloe, Cape....po. 15. @ 12] Coriandrum.......... 8@ 10} Chloral Hyd Crst.... 1 65@ 1 90 Aloe, Socotri.. po. 40 @ 30] Cannabis Sativa. :... 5 6 | Chondrus............ 20@ Ammoniae............ 55@ 60} Cydonium . ie 79x@. 1 00!) Cinehonidine,P.& W 38@~—s 48 Assafcetida....po.30 28@ 30) henopodium . ....-. 10@ 12) Cinehonidine, Germ. 38@ __ 48 poneaenan vc s.2... SOQ 55} Dipterix Odorate.... 1 40@ 1 50} Cocaine .... 4 80@ 5 00 Catechu, 1s.......... @ 13] Foeniculum.......... @ 10} Corks, list, dis. pr. ct. 70 Catechu, - Si @ 14 oo pe...... 7a 9 | Creosotum.. ¢: @ 3 Cateehu, 4 ‘ i @ 16] Lini 3144@, 4% | Creta. ..bbI. 75 @ 2 Saeeece | . 50@ 52} Lini, grd.. bbl. ae 4@, 45 | Creta, prep.. @ 5 Euphorbium. .. po. 35 @ 40] Lobelia .. 35@ 40} Creta, recip. cee cad 9@ 1 Galbanum. .......... @, 1 00| Pharlaris Cc ‘anar ian.. oa 5 Creta, Rupee... @ 8 Gamboge.........p0 65@ 70 Rapa ae oa SB Cages 1b@ 18 Guaiacum...... po. 25 @ 30 | Sinapis Alba.. 9@ 10} Cudbear.. @ a Kino........ po. $2.00 @. 2 00} Sinapis Nigra. . W@ = =12) Cupri Sulph. 614a 8 — oe q 60 jitins Dextrine . ‘ A. - Myrrh - po. 45 @: Bi... a eit es >

a : Absinthium ......... 4 50@ 4 75 i a + for @ 1 40 | Indigo.. .-.+. TH@ 1 00 Amygdale, Dulc.. 300@ 50 E Iodine, Resubi. cae she 3 60@ 3 70 Amygdale, Amare. 8 00@ 8 25 * Syrups s Todoform.. sete @ 3 5 A 1 85@ 2 00| Acacia............... @ 50| Lupulin. ae @ F — Cortex... .... ) 2 50 — Cortex... .. @ 50 coe aa = = Cngamin 2.2... 5. 290 | Zeer... ........ .. @, 50} Macis ... 5D, 5 Cc vajiputi ile ial tes OO i tmecac...- |... @ 60) Liquor Arsen et Hy- Caryophylli.......... 70@ ~=80| Ferri ~ @ 50| drarg Iod.. @ ®% Cedar . seceseceee 30@ 45} Rhei Aro @ 50! LiquorPotass Arsinit 10@ = 12 Chenopadii Ladle ins @ 2 75 | Smilax Officinalis 50@ 60; Magnesia, Sulph.. 2@ 3 Cinnamonii ......... 1 40@ 1 50 | Senega .............. @ 50 eneecete Sulph, bbl @ 1% Citronella ........... 35@ 40 | Sciliz..............-. @ 50, Mannia,S. F........ W@ 60 nee. |... @ 3 00 Morphia, S = 7 W. 2 20@ 2 45 Morphia, 8., ‘ ~ Co. ee 2 10@ 2 35 Mosehus Canton... a Ww Myristica, No.1.... 6h0 80 Nux Vomica. -po. 15 @ 10 Os Sepia.. is@ | Pe psin Saac, H. & P. i @ 100 Picis L iq. NN. eal. doz . . @ 200 Pieis L iq. quarts. Le @ 100 Picis Liq., pints. .... @ 2% Pil Hydrarg. .. po. 80 @ 50 Piper Nigra...po. 22 @ 8 Piper Alba.. .. po. 35 @ 30 Pix Burgun........ a 7 Plumbi Acet..... 10m Pulvis Ipecac et Opii 1 30@ 1°50 Py eee owen & . Co., doz.. @ & P cea, py... 250 30 Quassi: Bos... 8a 10 Quinia, S LP& WwW. 30m, 44 Quinia, S: German... a 4 Quinta, N. ¥......... 30@ 44 Rubia Tinetorum.... la 14 Saccharum Lactis ” IM =: 20 Salacin . . 8 50M 3 60 Sanguis Draconis... 0G BO mapOl Woe lo, 120 14 —oe............. we 12 rae @ | Seidlitz Mixture..... 20@ Capea a @ | Sends opt i @ 5 | Snuf Maceaboy, De Voes . isl @ Snuff, Scoteh,De Vo's « Soda, Boras 4 Ma Soda, Boras, po We Soda et Potass Tart 0d Hoda, Carb..... loa Soda, Bi-Carb..... ir Soda, Ash.... Bloa | Soda, Sulphas Spts. Cologne........ @ 2 Spts. Ether Co..... Ke Spts. Myrcia Dom. a | Spts. Vini Reet. bbl. @ Spts. Vini Rect. '.bbl @ Spts. Vini Rect. 10gal a | Spts. Vini Reet. 5 gal @ Strychnia, Crystal... 1 00@ Sulphur, Subl....... 2%@ Sulphur, Roll. .... 246d Tamarinds Cr) Terebenth Venice. o8ta Theobrome. IN Vanilla Lous 9 000 Zinei Sulph. . Ta Oils BBL. Whale, winter. 70 Lard, extra...... 50 hana, Wo.t.......... 20 10 30 Linseed, pure raw... 37 40 Linseed, aa 38 iH Neatsfoot, winter str 54 60 Spirits Turpentine 48 55 Paints BBL. LB. Red Venetian....... 1% 2 @8 Ochre, yellow Mars. 1% 2 @4 Ochre, yellow Ber 1% 2 @3 Putty, commercial 24 2%@3 Putty, strictly pure. 2% 2%@3 Vermilion, Prime American : Lv 15 Vermilion, E nglish 70a 75 Green, Paris.. 13'4@ 17% Green, cnn 13 16 Lead, red... 4M 614 Lead, white 54ya@ 6% Whiting, white Span @ Whiting, gilders @ 0 White, Paris, Amer @ 100 Whiting, Paris, Eng. cliff. @ 140 Universal Prepared 1 00@ 1:15 Varnishes No.1 Turp Coach 1 10, 1 20 Extra — i 1@Q17 Coach Body 2 756@, 3 00 No. 1 Turp Furn. 1 00@ 1:10 Extra Turk Damar.. 1 55@ 1 60 Jap.Dryer,No.1Turp 70@ 75 Druggists .% % .% Sundry Department We Call to the Special Attention Following Lines PERFUMES. POCKET BOOKS. 2S as AS ats as a6 BS aks as 22 aE Sh 22 2 RUBBER GOODS have advanced and will be still higher about Sept 15th. PIPES. We have a full line ranging from 75c to $12 00 per doz. TABLETS. Penand pencil at attractive prices. ATOMIZERS. An clegant assoriment of fancy perfume up to $18 oo per dozen All the leading odors from the leading manu- facturers We have a full stock of New fall styles at attractive prices COMBS, TOOTH BRUSH-S, HAIR BRUSHES, CLOTHES BRUSHES, LATHER BRUSHES, TOILET SOAP, RAZORS, NAIL FILES, ETC. SBS YSIS As AS As AS As AS AS AS AS AS AS 2S aks He 3 a Ss Se Ste Ske Se 3 Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. 60 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GROCERY PRICE CURRENT. The dealers. rices quoted in this list are for the trade only, in such quantities as are usually purchased by retail hey are prepared just before going to press and are an accurate index of the local market. It is im- possible to give quotations suitable for all conditions of purchase, and those below are given as representing av- erage prices for average conditions of purchase. Cash buyers or those of strong credit usually buy closer than those who have poor credit. Subscribers are earnestly requested to point out any errors or omissions, as it is our aim to make this feature of the greatest possible use to dealers. AXLE GREASE doz. gross —s ......--....... 6 00 ecser Ou... 8 7 00 Diamond ..............50 4 00 a 7 9 00 IXL Golden, tin boxe 9 00 Mica, tin boxes..... 9 00 Patecen............ Ss 6 00 BAKING POWDER Absolute i, 1. cams doz.............. 45 i . cans doz.............. 85 <1 >. camedoz..............1 50 Acme ‘ib. cams3doz............ & i. canss doz............ %% a 6}. cansi doz............1 00 a... 10 Arctic 6 oz. Eng. Tumblers......... 85} 1 Ib. eans, 2 doz. case...... 2 00 2% Ib. eans, 1 doz. case...... 475 5 Ib. eans, 1 doz. case......9 00 El Purity \4 Ib. cans per doz.......... 75 14 Ib. cans per doz..........1 20 1 Ib. eans per doz..........2 00 i Home 14 Ib. eans, 4 doz. case...... 35 4 Ib. cans, 4 doz. case...... 55 1 Ib. cans, 2 doz. case...... 90 14 Ib. cans, 4 doz. ease...... 45 14 Ib. cans, 4 doz. case...... 8&5 1. Ib. eans, 2 doz. case......1 60 Jersey Cream 1 Ib. cans, per doz...........2 00 9 oz. cans, per doz...........1 25 6 Oz. cans, per doz........... 85 Our Leader tO CARS 8... een 1 come... a Peerless Em Cams 2 Queen Flake 30z.,6d0z. case.............2 70 6 o0z., 4doz. case.............3 2 9 0z., 4 doz. case.............4 80 a ip., 29 doz.case....... __.. 4 60 SID., idoz.case.........___. 9 00 BATH BRICK American... | Pate BLUING mmnisdez | ieee. 2dor... Bs BROOMS We. i Carpet............... ..2 30 ne. 2 Carpet... 2 15} No. 3 Carpet. ................1 85 No. 4 Carpet....... 0.0... ....1 45 farior Gem............. 2 50 Common Whisk............. 95 Fancy Whisk................1 00 Warehouse..................2 70 CANDLES Comin Teese... 20 CANNED GOODS Apples 3 1b. Standards...... 75 Gallons, standards 210 Beans Bae 75@1 30 Red Kidney TH®@, &5 arenes 85 Wax a Veo 90 Blackberries Standards a 75 Cherries Standards .......... 90 Corn me US 75 —....... 85 Pamey 2.0... ae 95 Hominy Standard ............. 85 Lobster — ie... 1 85 mar, tf I>... 3 10 Pienie Talls.... i. 22 Mackerel Mustard, 1lb........ 75 Mustard, 21b........ 80 Soused, 11b..... . 75 Soused, 2 Ib... 80 Tomato, 1 1b... Tomato, 2 Ib. . Mushrooms bo mh et ee xt 75 80 Decmas......... 14416 Buttons........ . 2000 25 Oysters Cove.iib.... .. 90 Cove, 2 1b... | 1 55 Peaches Pe co. 1 2 Mellow ..........: 1 65@1 90 Pears Standard .......... 70 Paney.. 80 Peas Marrowfat .......... 1 00 Early June.......... 1 00 Early June Sifted. . 1 60 Pineapple Grated ........ ... 1 25@2 7 Bead. 1 35@2 25 Pumpkin mire 55 food... : 65 Mamey 85 Raspberries Standard ......__..... 90 Salmon Red Alaska.......... 1 38 Pink Alaska......... 95 Sardines Domestic, 4s........ 3@314 Domestic, Mustard. 6464 Prenen. 8@22 Strawberries Standard......._._... 1 25 Famcy.... 1 75 Succotash Pa 90 ee 1 00 Pamey 1 20 Tomatoes me 80 Son 90 Paney. 115 CATSUP Columbia, pints.............2 00 Columbia, ‘2 pints...........1 25 : CHEESE Seme @10% Ampey.... @12 Butternut ........... @i1 Carson City.......... @i1 2 @i1@ Emblem............. @i1 Gem. . @12 @11 Ideal .... Gold Medal...) 11.) Meme @11'4 Riverside ...... 02... @11'4 i a @12 Méam @70 fiewen @l7 Limburger........... @13 Pineapple ........... 50 @75 Sap Sago........... @17 CHICORY EE Red ... Jot CHOCOLATE Walter Baker & Co.'s. German Sweet.............. 23 permis ae Breakfast Cocoa............. 46 CIGARS Columbian Cigar Co’s brand. Columbian, 5¢............. 36 Columbian, 10¢............ 65 00 H. & P. Drug Co.’s brands. Fortune Teller............ 35 00 Our Manager.............. 35 00 Quintctie.................. 36 00 G. J. Johnson Cigar Co.’s brand. Cc SiG. We seioo Phelps, Brace & Co.’s Brands. | Vineente Portuondo ..35@ 70 00 Ruhe Bros. Co.........25@ 70 00 Hilson Co..... .. 35110 00 T. J. Dunn & Co.......35@. 70 00 McCoy & Co...........35@ 70 00 The Collins Cigar Co..10@ 35 00 Brown Bros...........15@ 70 00 Banner Cigar Co......30@ 70 00 Bernard Stahl Co.. ....35@ 90 00 Banner Cigar Co......10@ 35 00 Seidenberg & Co......55@125 00 G. P. Sprague Cigar Co.10@ 35 00 Fulton Cigar Co... A. B. Ballard & Co.. E. M. Sehwarz & Co. sam Telmo..........._. 35@, 70 00 Havana Cigar Co......18@ 35 00 CLOTHES LINES Cotton, 40 ft."per doz........ 1 00 Cotton, 50 ft. per doz........ 1 20 Cotton, 60 ft. per doz........1 40 Cotton, 70 ft. per doz........1 60 Cotton, 80 ft. per doz........1 80 Jute, 60 ft. per doz.......... 80 Jute, 72 ft. per doz......... 9 COFFEE Roasted Rio ee Coe. ll Peas Golden ... neeceec eu. iS POOPIE N i ee Santos 2 ale OO eee fame Peapernry. 8 18 Maracaibo Prem oe mile 17 Java EALGIOn 2 BS Private Growth............. 30 Mandebiing «= Mocha imitation... |: gs Aran. 28 Package Below are given New York prices on package coffees, to which the wholesale dealer adds the local freight from New York to your shipping point, giving you credit on the invoice for the amount of freight buyer pays from the market in which he purchases to his shipping point, including weight of package, also 3;¢ a pound. In601b. cases the list is 10¢ per 100 Ibs. above the price in full eases. Arouckic.......! 2... 60 ties ee McLaughlin’s XXXX MecLaughlin’s XXXX sold to retailers only. Mail all orders direct to W. F. MeLanghlin & Co., Chieago. Extract Valley City % gross......... Felix ‘4 gross Hummel’s foil '; gros: Hummel’s tin '3 gross ...... CONDENSED MILK " 4 doz in ease. Gail Borden Eagle ..........6 75 CROW Daisy.... CRampion Magnolia 4 25 CMAMeRSO Dame a ae : COCOA James Epps & Co.’s Boxes, 7 Hs 2 40 Cases, 16 boxes.............. 38 COCOA SHELLS 20 Bags. 2% Less quantity ............ 3 Pound packages. ......,.. 4 COUPON BOOKS Tradesman Grade 50 books, any denom... 1 50 160 books, any denom... 2 50 | 500 books, any denom... 11 50 1,000 books, any denom... 20 00 Economie Grade 50 books, any denom... 1 50 100 books, any denom... 2 59 500 books, any denom... 11 50 1,000 books, any denom... 20 00 Superior Grade 50 books, any denom... 1 50 100 books, any denom... 2 50 500 books, any denom... 11 50 1,000 books, any denom... 20 00 Universal Grade 50 books, any denom... 1 50 100 books, any denom... 2 59 500 books, any denom... 11 50 1,000 books, any denom... 20 00 Credit Checks 500, any one denom...... 2 00 1,000, any one denom...... 3 00 2,000, any one denom...... 5 00 meeel punch... 75 Coupon Pass Books Can be made to represent any denomination from $10 down. am OOOksS. gs 50 books......... 2 00 100 books 3 00 250 books . 6 25 500 books...... . 10 00 1,000 books.......... i oe CREAM TARTAR 5 and 10 lb. wooden boxes... ..30 Bulk in-sacks..... = 88 DRIED FRUITS—Domestic Apples pundtied 6... ery Evaporated, 50 Ib. boxes. @10' California Fruits Apricots... ...... : @15 Blackberries ...... 2... Neetarimes ............ Reaches... ............10 @il Pears. Pitted Cherries. ...... 7% Prunnelles ............ Raspberries ........... California Prunes - boxes ...... @ | BOxeS..... @ . boxes ...... @5 70 - 80 25 Ib. boxes ...... @ 60-70 25 Ib. boxes ...... @ 50-60 25 Ib. boxes ...... @ § 40 -: . boxes ...... @10 30 - 40 25 Ib. boxes 14 cent less in 50 Raisins London Layers 2 Crown. London Layers 3 Crown. Cluster 4 Crown......... Loose Muscatels 2 Crown Loose Muscatels 3 Crown 634 Ib. cases 1 60 1 75 Loose Musceatels 4 Crown To L. M., Seeeed, choice ... 8 L. M., Seeded, faney .... 84 DRIED FRUITS—Foreign Citron Deenore Comsiean Currants Patras, Opis... ..... | |. 6% Cleaned, bulk ........... 2... 6% Cleaned, packages.......... 7 Peel Citron American 19 Ib. bx...13 Lemon American 10 Ib. bx..10% Orange American 10 1b. bx..1015 Raisins Ondura, 28 Ib. boxes ........ Sultana 1 Crown...... Sultana 2 Crown ............ Sultana 3 Crown............. Sultana 4 Crown............. Sultana 5 Crown............. Sultana 6 Crown...... . Sultana package ............ FARINACEOUS GOODS Beans Dried Tama. : 54 Medium Hand Picked 1 20@1 25 Brown Holland.............. Cereals Cream of Cereal............. Grain-O, small .............. Grain-O, large. .......... 0.0.5 — AMS ca Postum Cereal, small....... Postum Cereal, large....... Farina 241 Ib. packages ............ Bulk, per 100 lbs............. bo bt et tO RRRGKS ores Ss Grits Walsh-DeRoo Co.’s Brand. 24 2 Ib. packages ............1 ee. 200 Th. barrels Hominy Dampers oe Flake, 50 Ib. drums.......... 1 Macearoni and Vermicelli Domestic, 10 Ib. box......... Imported, 25 Ib. box. ........2 Pearl Barley Common... Chester (8) ts ee Honapire .-. 8... 2 50 Peas Green, Wisconsin, bu.......1 00 Green, Scotch, bu........... 110 Spee, OH ee Rolled Oats 4 00 Rolled Avena, bbl.......... Monarch, bbl... at Monarch, '4 bbl............ Monarch, 90 Ib. sacks...... Quaker, cases... Huron, cases......... Sago oe a ot oto mete teh & S Gemma 4 Fasc tnd@ia. 3% Tapioca Bike Pea Pearl, 241 1b. packages..... 634 Wheat Cracked, bulk... -........ 38% 242 th. packages . 1.2 90) FLAVORING EXTRACTS Jennings’ D. C. Vanilla 20Z....2.1 20 Bee oc -o...... 1 50 Z a 402......200 Z Bi | 6 0Z......3 0 3 OZ.. a No. 8....4 00 0. 8... 2 .| No. 10....6 00 No. 10....4 00 No.2 T..1 25 No.2T.. 80 No. 3 T..2 00 No. 3 T..1 25 No. 4 T..2 40 No.4 T..15 Northrop Brand em. Van. 20z. Taper Panel.... 75 1 20 20%. OVAL... 7 1 20 3 0z. Taper Panel....135 200 40z. Taper Panel....1 60 2 25 Perrigo’s Van. Lem. doz. doz. XXX, 2 02. obert....1 25 75 XXX,40z. taper....225 125 XX, 2 0z. obert......1 00 No. 2,2 0z. obert .... 75 XXX D D ptehr, 6 oz 2 2 XXX D D ptehr, 4 0z 1 75 K. P. pitcher, 6 oz... 2 2 FLY PAPER Perrigo’s Lightning, gro.. ..2 Petrolatum, per doz......... GUNPOW DER Rifle—Dupont’s Mere 00 Half Kegs.... oe Quarter Kegs ...:....2......1 B 3p: Cas ee 30 te Te. CAMS coc ect 18 Choke Bore—Dupont’s CR ee Half Kegs .. 22.00... 2.20... ..2 40 Quarter Kegs --............. 1 35 2B CAMS i a Eagle Duck—Dupont’s ee 8 00 Hint Kees...) .. 35-4 e Quarter Kegs ............... 2 ABD: Cane a HERBS ASO ee 15 Reps a INDIGO Madras, 5 Ib. boxes ...........55 S. F., 2,3 and 5 Ib. boxes......50 JELLY 21D. pals. aS Som pals, 5 LICORICE eee ee Calabria. ae CN ee ee meee 10 LYE Condensed, 2 dnz............ 1 20 Condensed, 4 doz............2 25 MATCHES Diamond Match Co.’s brands. No. 9 sulphar. 6... 1 65 Anchor Parlor ..............1 70 NO. 2 Home... 22... 2.324 46 Export Parlor...............4 00 WOlverme......0.... 1 95 MOLASSES New Orleans Pee 1 eae 14 Good | 20 amex 24 Open Metile 2535 {alf-barrels 2c extra MUSTARD Horse Radish, 1 doz......... 475 Horse Radish, 2 doz......... 3 50 Bayle’s Celery, 1 doz........ 1 75 PICKLES Medium Barrels, 1,200 count ......... 4 00 Half bbls, 600 count......... 25 Small Barrels, 2,400 count ......... 5 00 Half bbls, 1,200 count .......3 00 PIPES Clay, Ne. 216: 170 Clay, T. D., full count....... 65 Op; NO. 3.00... 85 POTASH 48 cans in case. Bapbits. Oe Penna Salt Co.’s.............3 00 RICE Domestic Carolina head................ 6% Carolma No.1 ...............6 Carolina No.2 ........ .. a Broken 0 ae Imported. Japan, No. 1............5%@6 Japan, No. 2............44%5@5 Java, fancy head........5 @5% Java, NO.T ss ee Wabie. @ SALERATUS Packed 60 Ibs. in box. Chureh’s Arm and Hammer.3 15 Pelana ss... 5) 2 Dwienht’s Cow. ........ -.... POUAIIOCHY oe 3 See NN ck Shc gee ¢ Wyandotte, 100 *%s..........5 SAL SODA Granulated, bbls............ Granulated, 100 Ib. cases... DMMP, PHIS. el Lump, 145 Ib. kegs........... SALT Diamond Crystal Table, cases, 24 3 Ib. boxes..1 Table, barrels, 1003 lb. bags.2 Table, barrels, 407 Ib. bags.2 Butter, barrels, 280 lb. bulk.2 25 Butter, barrels, 20 141b.bags.2 50 Butter, sacks, 28 Ibs......... 25 Butter, sacks, 56 Ibs......... 5B Common Grades 100 3: Ib. sacks................1 95 60 51D. Sacks... .......-:..:.180 28:10 Ib. sacks...............1 65 _ Warsaw 56 Ib. dairy in drill bags. .... 30 28 Ib. dairy in drill bags..... 15 Ashton 56 lb. dairy in linen sabks... 60 Higgins 56 lb. dairy iu linen sacks... 60 Solar Rock 56 UD. SACES. 3. 555-25, 8: 21 Common Granulated Fine............ 60 Medium Fine................ 70 4 o _ I ao ¢ _ v “ _ ’ > _ » es « “4 ms - ~ - - % - - ~ ett ~ ° ‘ | ~ _ ° ~ - eo = & a a a w 4 » < | ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ - = ad .; ~ : _ ~ 2 &- | ~ - i ~ ~ - a ~ — — ~ - » > \ “ ah = Faas oT » ~ A 4 a ~< MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 61 SALT FISH Cod Georges ecured......... @ 5 Georges genuine...... @ 5% Georges selected... .. @6 Strips or bricks.......6 @9 Herring Holland white hoops, bbl. 9 25 Holland white hoops!sbbl. 5 25 Holland white hoop, keg.. 70 Hoiland white — mechs. 85 Norwegian . ee oo Round 100 ee 3 10 tound 40 Ibs. . —. e OMG es 15 Mackerel Mess 100 Ibs. .............. 15 00 Mess 401ps... ............ 630 Mess: 10108. ......-:....... 1:65 Mess Ss. ......0.1.. Sb NO. 110Gips.. ... |... ES No.t Sips............... 6 6.1 eee... NOt Sie oc on No.2 HOIDe. No: 2 S0Ibs. co... ee Net Wee. ............. 1m No.2 S1De: 2. a Trout No. 1 1001s. No.1 40 Ibs. EE No.1 8Ibs.. os Whitefish No.1 No.2) Fam 100 Ibs. 700 6 50. 2 25 40 Ibs 310 290 1 20 aie... 85 80 38 S 1s... 71 66 33 SEEDS Anise. eee cee ss Canary, ‘Smy Ta. 34 : AtAWay .....-.... 8 Cardamon, Malabar 60 Celery.. Hemp, Russian. 4), Mixed Bird. |... 2.2. te Mustard, white.. oe Poppy.. cE Rape . ee ae oe Cuttle Bone.. oo SNUFF Seotch, in bladders. . 37 Maccaboy, in jars... ae Freneh Rappee, in jars. _... 46 SOAP Single box.. 5 box lots, delivered. : 10 box lots, delivered ........ ; dS. 8. KIKK & GU. 3 HAN American Family, wrp’d... ae eal sea ee a ot ee oe Cabinet. . Savon.. White Russian... White Cloud, laundry... White Cloud, toilet.. Dusky Diamond, 50 6 0Z.....2 10 Dusky Diamond, 50 8 oz..... 3 00 Blue —* 100 *4 tie Kirkoline .. Eos. Scouring Sapolio, kitchen, 3 doz.. ....: Sapolio, hand, 3 doz.........4 SODA Boxes... . 5% Kegs, E nglish. . 4% SPICES Whole Sifted Allspice Sed eight oral ease ee 10 Cassia, China in mats..... 12 Cassia, Batavia, in bund.. 25 Cassia, Salgon, in rolls Cloves, Amboyna..... Cloves, Zanzibar... Mace, Batavia. . Nutmegs, fancy. Nutmegs, No. 1. Nutmegs, No. 2 Pepper, Singapore, black Pepper, Singagore, white. Pepper, shog.. 500-2... 1. Pure Ground in Bulk Allspice.. 14 Cassia, Batavia. sac 30 Cassia, Saigon............. 40 : loves, Zanzibar........... 14 Ginger, African........... 15 Ginger, Cochin............ 18 Ginger, Jamaica.......... 2 Mace, Batavia............. 65 ee 18 Nutmegs .. 50 Pepper, Singapore, black. 15 Pepper, Singapore, white. 22: —— Cayenne.......... 20 Sage 15 aN ’ Ea) eras ae ie No. 4, 3 doz. in ease, gross. 4 50. No. 6, 3 doz. incase, gross. 7 ga STARCH oe Corn 40 1-Ib. packages. . ee 20 1-Ib. packages. . 64 Kingsford’s Silver Gloss 40 1-Ib. packages........... 6% 6 Ib. boxes. . eee Diamond 64 10¢ packages. . 5 00 128 5¢ packages... .. .. 500 30 10e and 64 5¢ packages.. 5 00 Common Corn 20 1-Ib. packages.......... 5 40 1-lb. pac Hepes. Common Gloss 1-lb. packages ......... Py 3-lb. packages... : 434 6D. packages ........... 5§& 40 and 50-Ib. boxes.......... 3 Barrels. . i, 3 “sy RU PS_ Corn Rarrels.. 17 Half bbls. Eee eis 19 1 doz. 1 gallon Cans... :. ..2 90 1 doz. ‘5 galloncans.........1 70 2 doz. 14 gallon cans. ........1 70 Pure Cane Bae tee ae OCG ae CROMe 25 SUGAR Below are given New York prices on sugars, to which the wholesale dealer adds the local freight from New York to your shipping point, giv ing youcredit on the invoice for the amount of freight buyer pays from the market in which he purchases to his ret point, ineluding 20 pounds for the weight of the barrel. cn ya le ae 5 65 Cut Loaf.. 5 69 Crushed.. 5 81 Powdered . 5 38 XXXX Powdered. 5 44 Cubes.. . Ba Standard Granulated, oe 5 31 Standard Fine Granulated 5 31 Above Granulated in 5 Ib. bags < 638 Above Granulated in 2 Ib. bags.. 385 Extra Fine Granulated. 5 4 Extra Coarse Granulated. 5 44 Mould A.. : 5 56 Diamond Confee. A. 53 Confee. Standard A. 5 06 No. 1... 4 81 Ne. 20. 481 MO. 3... 4 31 No. 4.. 4+ 75 No. 5... 4 69 No. 6... 4 63 No. 7... 4 56 No. Ss... 4 50 eh 4 44 i 10... 431 co. 419 > woe. 413 ios. 413 14... 4 06 Pee A ae WG el ee TABLE SAUCES LEA & PERRINS’ SAUCE The Original and Genuine Worcestershire. Lea & Perrin’s, large...... 3 75 Lea & Perrin’s, small. .... 2 50 Halford, large. . oe Seah Halford, SIMAGE oo... 2 25 Salad Dressing, large. .... 4 55 Salad Dressing, small..... 2 75 VINEGAR Malt White Wine, 40 grain.. 8 Malt White Wine, 80 — 11 Pure Cider, Red Star.. ke Pure Cider, Robinson. ......13 Pure ( ider, PHDVer.. 3. 45... 13! WASHING POW DER Kirk’s Eos.. : .. 20 Wisdom . meee a a Roseine.. See See Nine O'clock.............. 3 50 Babbite’s 1876.............. 2 50 Gold aoe Poe oe | 4 25 Johnson’s . oeueo sol) a ee Swift’s .. peed Rub-No-More...........-.. 3 50 Pearline, 100 6s. -.. 3 ae Peartine, 361s............. 285 Dow Oy... 2 35 Liberty . 3 90 “WICKING No. 0, per gross........... No. 1, per gross No. 2, per gross No. 3 per gross..... WOODEN WARE Baskets 3ushels .. ic. tcc O68 Bushels, wide band...) 110 Market .. — | Willow C lothes, large. .6 25 Willow Clothes, medium ....5 50 Willow Clothes, sinall....... 5 00 } Butter Plates . a No. 1 Oval, 250 in erates....1 as Grains and Feedstutts | Fresh Meats — Candies No. 2 Oval, 250 in erate...... ee ee ——________ nen Hn SIS CAC ChE A ae No. 3 Oval, 250 in erate. | 3 0 Beef Stick Candy No. 5 Oval, 250 in erate... ..2 60 | Wheat Careass.............. 7 @8% ibs. sete Clothes Pins = 66 | Forequarters ....... 6 @6%|Standard......... 7 @ 7% Boxes, gross boxes . arn OF Hindquarters ...-. 844@10' | Standard H. H...-)) 7 @ 713 Mop Sticks | Winter Wheat Flour Loins No. 3..... 12 @4 | Standard Twist 7's@ 8 Trojan spring . . 9 00 | Local Brands Ribs ............. 9 @14 | Cut Loaf....... @ 8% Eclipse patent spring . ..9 00} sank Rounds vette este eens a cases No 1 common. 8 99 | Patents .. Chucks teseteseceesee 6 @ 6% | Jumbo, 32 Ib... @ 6% No. 2 patent brush holder __9 00 | Soo Patent. Pies a | : = . a @ 8% 12 th. cotton mop heads. 2 98 | : Pork soston Cream. ...... @10 Pails | es Dressed . @6 Mixed Candy yin Standand... 4. ...-5.8 30 Baghehient |. — Banner eset oes 814@10 | Grocers. @ 6 3-hoop Standard.............1! Rye... ae Shoulders @7 Competition @ 6% 2 wire, Cape... Ld Sof Subjeet to usual | cast Leaf Lard. @ 6%% | Standard.. @7 r cone a. : ‘ 3 i | count: Mutton —" ne @ 7% ‘dar, all red, brass bound 1 25/ Flour in bbls., 25¢ per bbl. ad- toya @ 7 Fapers Burek...0.0..0.-2 33 ditional | ara te. Qi, | Ribbon Bm ibre... ee ‘ | " oo Te ON ce cc 8 ‘moe ens Ball-Barnhart-Putman’s Brand Vv eal | Berta eG LR . oa 20-inch. St: r Daisy PaSe. 3 60 | Carcass English Roek ii 8% 20- > St 5S ° Carcass ..... 84o@ 9 “glish Rock. , 8% a Seeman No. = ! 4 = earl iS. 3 60 | _ itt : Kindergarten ......, @ 84 16-inch, Standard, No. 3. ....3 85 | D&USY f2S-...... : On Se French Cream........ @9 20-inch, Dowell, No. 1.......3 2 Worden Groce r ¢ 0.8 Brand Crac ket S 7? -_. wee @ 8} 18-inch, Dowell, No. 2.......5 25} Quaker 44s................. 3 60| et an : red ade Cream nie 16-inch, Dowell, No.3.......4 25] Quaker e.. 360) The National Biscuit Co.|} yonpy a as No. 1 Fibre..................9 00} Quaker ‘4s. 3 60 | quotes as follows: : ie gimanen 7 2° No. 2 Fibre. 7 50 | Butt Fancy—In Bulk vo. 2 Fi wteeeeserct ener eed OO Al ea } No. 3 Fibre... . 6 75 Spring Wheat Flour | ce oe ~,, | San Blas Goodies.. . @u Wash Boards | Clark-Jewell-Wells Co.’s Brand | evens : XXX, Sib-eart “2 | Lozenges, plain . @9 Bronze Globe... .2 50| Pillsbury’s Best '4s.. 435 Du carton © | Lozenges, printed. @y I Dewey .. 1 Pillsbury’s Best 4s....... 4 25 Family XXX ae ‘ Choe. Drops. .. an Double Aem 2 Pillsbury’s Best %s..... 415] \0 Choe. Monumentals. @12'5 Single Acme... 225 | Pillsbury’s Best 'ss paper. 4 15 | Ss shy be XXX. Gum Drops.. @ 5 Double Peerless.............3 Pillsbury’s Best 44s paper. 4 15 | Sedtom ese Moss Drops... ...... @ 8% singe Peemless,. 3... | 8 ‘ oe ess Sour Drops........ @ 84 Northern ig Se eS re eae Fenn’ Renee Soda Impe rials, @ 94 Double a a Soda XXX..... 6 Ital. Cream Bonbons Good Luck . 2 Soda XXX, 3 Ib. carton. 6% | 36 Ib. pails. ...... @u Universal. . C2 Soda, City..... Molasses Chews, 15 Woo | Long Island Wafers....... 11 Ib. pails..... @13 d Bow “a 2 11 in. Butter... ee | L. 1. Wafers, 1 1b. earton.. 12 Jelly Date Squares Ss. (10% 13 in. Butter... 2.20.0 1/2! 11100 | Zephyrette .... 10 Ieed Marshmelions .... 4 15 in. Demer.. 7 . e eo | Gipntes Fancy—In 5 Ib. Boxes ; rsa eee tte ts eee ee eB 50 Saltine Wafer. big | Lemon Drops. . 50 Bere tert ee tan OD Saltine Wafer, 1 1b. carton 6, | Sour Drops.. «50 21 in. Butter... ---4 00 Farina Oyster. 5!y | Peppermint Drops. (60 ‘ es EAST AK E | Extra Farina Oyster... .. 6 |C ae ago a 65 east Foam, 1% doz........ 50 | on _7R loc. Drops. (75 Yeast Foam, 3 doz...... ...1 00 | er ee H. M: Choe. Lt. and Yeast Cream, 3 doz..........1 00 | Animals .. oe. 1044 Dk. No. 12... a9” Magie Yeas 3 doz.......1 00 a s Water . _ Gum — a 30 Sunlight Yeast, 3doz.. ..1 00 Ocoanut Lally seeeee. 10 Licorice ros... a (7D Warner’s Safe, 3 doz. 100 Cotfee Cake, Java......... 10 A. B. Lieorice Drops dO ; Coffee Cake, Iced. ........ 10 Lozenges, plain @bdd io ? 7 | : en stteeessseeeseee 15% | Lozenges, pringed 35 | Cubans..... rececsee EDO | TONIAlG, «dd rovisions I ! i : ‘rosted Cream. i. 8 is... 60 7 | Ginger Gems... -+ @ | Cream Bar... .... @bdd Swift & Compile quote as | Ginger Snaps, XXX.. ‘72 | Molasses Bar...... .. 55 follows: oe ae =... 2 Hand Made Creams. 80 @90 aa 1, ,| Graham Waters,.......... Cream Buttons, Pep. Mess Phi elas @10 00 Duluth a rial 3° “8... 4 1p | Grandma Cakes..000000 0g and Wint........ : 65 fee + Duluth Imperial 48.. 4 05 | eens dacs: te eee, on ae rose ta _ Clear back... 2.1.21), @10 75| Lemon & Wheeler Co.’s Brand | Marshmallow... 1! ne oe i ven ' s. a Short cut @ sete Wintergreen Berries (w55 Pi ort cut............ @10 50 | Gold Medal ‘4s............. 4 25 | Marshmallow Creams... _. 16 Gaeadeaie i a“ se ae Se @l4 00) Gold Medal 4s. 415; Marshmallow Walnuts.... 16 sae a @ 9 50) Gold ae As 4 05 | Mich. Frosted Honey. 12% | No.1 w —" d, 3 Ib. amily ioe @M1 00! paris 4 25 | Molasses Cakes. 8 boxes. a0 Dry Salt Meats 415) Newton.. 12 ~———n Bellies. 6 | Parisian ‘4s. 405 | Nie Naes.. 8 4 a A | » » 2 ah i Brialts Olney & Judson’s Brand | a cee os a Fruits é Bly f ‘ 2 Ceresota ‘y8............... 4.35! Pretzels. hand le.. 0 ue Sinnetend ] : JETESObA 745 aes ®) Pretzels, hand made 7M Hams, Spoke Meat aU Ceresota ras. titteesesesee, 425) Sears’ Luneh.. a. Oranges Hams, 14]b. average. @ 1% = a nat ; an - es cone pce tite t eee ees : Fancy Rodi’s........ @6 00 Hams, 16]b. average. @l1 orden Grocer Co.’s Branc | € BS vee eee eee Sorrentos .. @5 50 ee sree. @ 10% | taurel We a as | ce. Wafers. 14 ‘ieee ¢ » yy RI, « ral lie ‘ an Shoulders (N- - cut) 2 a Beene De — | Strictly choice 360s... @5 00 Bacon, clear. ........ 7 @ 7% ’ POs ce . eee a ~_— @ o California hams. @ 6% Meal Fish an | Oysters E Be oe aaa eee Boneless hams...... @ 8%} Bolted. 2 Oe aaah Ai ni Cooked ham......... 10 @ 15 | Granulated... L, 2 10 | Fresh Fish See Pen Lards—In Tierees i | Per lb. | Medium bunches.... 1 00(@1 25 Compound........... 4% eed aut Motietum | White fish. @ 10 | Large bunches...... 1 50@1 75 Mele 6y | St. Car Feed, screened .... 16 00 | ‘Trout. ee. | Foreign Dried Fruits 55 Ib. Tubs ..advanee a, | No. 1 Corn and Oats. - 15 50! Black Bass. 8@, 10 a 80 Ib. Tubs..advance 1, | Unbolted Corn Meal...... 14 50| Halibut .. Lae a Figs 50 Ib. Tins... advanee a, | Winter Wheat Bran....... 14 00! Ciseoes or He ring. @ 4 | Californias, Faney.. (@13 20 Ib. Pails. .advanee 5, | Winter Wheat Middlings - 15 00! Bluefish. . @ wo Choice, 10 Ib. boxes. @l2 10 Ib. Pails..advanee | CRCOMIMES oy 14 00| Live Lobster.......... @ 2 | Extra Choice, 10 Ib. 5 Ib. Pails ..advance 1 Cora | Boiled Lobster........ @ 2 boxes, ee ; as (a 16 3 1b. Pails..advance | Cod. ' a. 2 Fancy, 12 Ib OXES . (22 Sausages New corn, ear lots........ 2 | Hic @ 7 Imperial Mikados, 18 Bologna 6 Less than car lots....... . 2! No.1 Pickerel. @, Ib. boxes... ... (a beer ae 7 Oat. | Pike 20. @ 8% | Pulled, 6 Ib. boxes.. (a Frankfort an 8 url ote — ogi, | Pereh.. 1) @ «6 | Naturals, in bags. @7 c yp POO ee se ones “tye | ee 6% pe lots, clipped........... 28 mt snk Wis... oe : | ales moe. l, i : a : | ec pepe 5... ... a ¢ | Blood 6 ¢| Less than ear lots......... 30 | Col River Salmon. @ 13 | ards in 10 Ib. boxes (a10 Tongue . vette ees 9 Hay | Mackerel. @ 20 Fards in 60 Ib. cases. @ 6 Hewciaene ee q ay | . o 4 Persians, P. H. V... @ 6 Beef No. 1 Timothy car lots.... 10 00 | Oy sters in Cans. Ib. Cases, new. .... @ 6 Extra Mess.......... 10 25 | No. 1 Timothy ton lots.... 12 00 | F. H. Counts. .... 40 | Sairs, 60 Ib: eases. @ 5 Boneless... 12 50) ———____ | F. J. D. Selects...... ol ft seaman sierra camnmmenagat Rump .. 12 00 Hi ios 1 p | Selects ee : 30 Nut uts Pls Feet 1des anc elts | F. J. D. Standards 25 Kits, 15 Ibs.. 7 | Anchors 2 _ —— 1 Dblis., 40 Ibs... 35 | ———— —__—___—_—_—_——— | Standards . rece 20 Almonds, Tarragona @16 $ bbls., 80 Ibs. 2.1.2. 250) The Cappon & Bertseh Leather | Bulk. gal. | Almonds, Ivica ..... (a4 a Tripe Co.,.100 Canal Street, quotes as | F, H. Counts...... a ee — — a @u Kits, 15 Ibs.......... 70 | follows: : | Extra Selects... Ls ae. ogee « 5 \4 bbls., 40 Ibs....... 1 25 Hides | Selects. : ». 150] . — Ww... = % S.,! 2 25 , : andé : « 1 25S fe ee ee »| Green No. 1......... a Anchor Standards iy Walnuts, Grenobles. (@13\% Casings Green No.2......... @7_ | Standards ..... - 105) Walnuts, Calif No. 1. @ll Pork . ~~ ee... ...... @6 | Shell Goadn, | helled : 9 | | typ yma soft shellec Beef rounds. co 3} Cured No.1....... @9o | Clams, per 100 100) California @u Beef middles........ 10 | Cured No. 2.. 1 @s | Oysters per oe 1 25@1 50| Table Nuts, fancy... (@il Sheep.. : 60 | eee gree nNo. 1 @ . | ' — anally | Table Nuts, choice.. @10 1@) ” 2.) em j ( v Butterine oe a : e 10 | Is | Pecans, Med.. i @ 7% Rolls, dairy.. 11 | C ames ai Oi ~~ | Pecans, Ex. Large.. a) Solid, dairy. cs 10% alfskins,cured No.2 ee ecans, Jumbos..... @12 Rolls, ere . a | Pelts | ea rs Nuts per bu. ‘aia solid, creamery..... 215 ee e | lio, new. @1 6 Canned Meats | Felts, each.......... 50@1 00 | Eocene . @l2 vl | Cocoanuts, full sacks @3 50 Corned beef, 2Ib.... 9 o5 | Tallow | 1 Verfection. Mick tiaii @ 554 | Chestnuts, per bu. @ Corned beef, 14 Ib... 16 00! No. 1. @ 3% x WV e ich on a i Peanuts Roast beef, 2 Ib 2 251 No @, 2% Ww. W. Michigan ...... Ow |. cep a Potted ham, 4s... rs ee. | Diamond White....... @ 9 | Fancy, H. P., Suns.. @ 7 Potted Haw ice 90 | Wool | D.,S. Gas. ............ @12% | Fancy, H. P., Flags Poched ham. ue 50 | Washed, fine........ @16_ | Deo. Naphtha. ease ns i @12%| Roasted........... @7 cau bean tke on | , . @20 | Cylinder. . Le 11 201.29 @34 | Choice, H. P., Extras @5 Deviled ham, %s.... 99 | Washed, medium. . | Cy : Potted tongue, 4s 50 Unwashed, fine. .... @12 =| Engine . 1 @21 | Choice, H. P., Extras F Potted tongue, 4S. 90 | Unwashed, medium. 14 @16 | Black, winter.. @9 Roasted . : @6 62 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN EXCELSIOR. Origin and Development of the Business in Michigan. The first excelsior manufactured in Michigan was made about forty years ago by C. C. Comstock and E. F. Ward, who wanted some for mattresses. It was cut on a jointer such as is commonly used in a furniture factory. At this time the cost of what little excelsior was used in Michigan was from thirty to forty dollars per ton. The first factory established in Mich- igan was at Benton Harbor in the early seventies by Miller Bros., who contin- ued in business about ten years. Dish- man & Wheeler started a_ factory on Third street, in this city, three years later and manufactured for several years, but finally gave it up as unprofitable. The Grand Rapids Excelsior Co. (L. C. Butts), now Dale Bros., and F. B. Day, now the J. W. Fox Excelsior Co., both began manufacturing in 1877, the former on Taylor street and the latter on Sixth street. In 1880 Roberts Bros. started a small factory on Mill street, which was run a short time and then removed to Lyons and later on to Pier- son and run in connection with a flour- ing mill. It was soon destroyed by fire and never rebuilt. A. M. Collins had a factory on Grandville avenue for a few years and Donker & Quist ran one for a short time on Elizabeth street. There have been several factories started in the State, but very few of them continued in the business for any great length of time. M. B. Faughner & Co. had a factory at Owosso, which was destroyed by fire and was rebuilt at Alma and again burned. The Shiawas- see County Excelsior Co. once operated a factory at Bancroft. One was also started at Perrington by Charles Rigley, of Owosso, which was destroyed by fire and never rebuilt. Ed. Jennings ran one at Pinconning, which was burned. Cheboygan, Kalamazoo, Berlin, Niles, Buchanan, Bay City, Zeeland and Reed City have all had their experience with excelsior factories. At present the fac- tories doing business in Michigan are two at Grand Rapids, one at Detroit, one at Muskegon, one at Harriette and two at Alpena. =~ The first excelsior machine was a large wheel, called the Yankee Whit- tler, which cut excelsior very fast, but not the best quality and was soon dis- carded for what is called the upright machine. This machine has_ been greatly improved within the last three or four years. At first one man would cut about 1,600 pounds in ten hours. At present, with the latest improved up- right machine, one man will cut from 3,500 to 4,000 pounds in the same time. In my opinion, there is a chance for still greater improvements. At the present time there are eight grades of excelsior manufactured, among them being medium and_ coarse for mattress work, fine for general packing and wood wool (curled hair) for up- holstering. The various uses to which this article has been applied are many. At first it ‘was used for furniture almost exclusive- ly, but at the present time it is used for all sorts of packing and upholstering, from packing furniture, crockery and glassware to iron castings. It is used largely for packing eggs, confec- tionery and bakers’ goods. It is also used by carriage and sleigh manufac- turers and casket manufacturers. The price has varied from less than actual cost of manufacturing to an enormous profit. In 1877 the average price for packing excelsior was $14 per ton; in 1878 it sold for $12 per ton; in 1879 $10 per ton ;in 1884 $18 per ton, and in 1894 it sold for $8 per ton. The pres- ent price is about $13. J. W. Fox. —_-+-—_-> 2 »>___ Suggestions on the Selection of Lamps. The season is now at hand when the retailer must think of replenishing his stock of lamps. They should be varied in assortment according to the pocket book of the clientele to which the dealer caters. Every one knows by this time what things of beauty lamps can be. However, it is also equally well known that the latter variety are generally quite expensive and are only in demand by the better class of trade. But there are styles in lamps which are quite pleas- ing and yet are not so very high in price. These are the kind that are most popular and which the retailer should strive most energetically to pur- chase. It has been said that there is no other line of goods so difficult to keep an unbroken stock of as lamps, nor is it always possible to readily gauge the de- mand for them. Decorated parlor lamps are always in request. Those with china bowls and shades and embossed decora- tions are quite cheap, yet equally at- tractive. These may be obtained with lavender, green, and canary decorations and when fitted with brass sun burners make lamps which would suit a fastidi- ous taste which is not accompanied by a very fat pocket book. Others equally desirable and yet cheap are decorated with pastoral scenes on globes instead of shades. These have yellow, rose color, and blue decorations on the bowl of the lamp, and are fitted with brass gallery burners. A somewhat more ex- pensive style which is even more pleas- ing has a fancy, rounded and somewhat fluted bowl, tinted in delicate shades, with a conventional design in rose color, green, and canary on the bowls and shades. Below these are sprays of flow- ers: forget-me-not spray, daisy spray, and wild flower spray. The colors in these are pleasing and harmonious. So It Is With Most People. ‘*Are you fond of music?’’ “‘Very,’’ answered the young man with wide ears. ‘‘How do you make the distinction between popular music and classical music?’’ ‘*Easily. If I enjoy it it’s popular, and if I don’t like it it’s classical. ’’ ——s- 2a —_ There’s very little luck in business success. Circumstances may place a fool or a knave in an important posi- tion, but it requires brain sand honesty to keep him there. SUCCESSFUL SALESMEN. F. W. Oesterle, Representing Rindge, Kalmbach, Logie & Co. Frederick W. Oesterle was born in Grand Rapids Jan. 10, 1868, his ante- cedents being German on both sides. He attended the public school on North Ionia street and spent two years in the high school, when he took a six months’ commercial course in Swensberg’s Busi- ness College. His first work was with Champlin & More as office boy, with whom he remained six months. Aug. 8, 1883, he secured employment in the shoe factory of the then firm of Rindge, Bertsch & Co., where he remained five years. He was then promoted to the position of billing clerk, which he oc- cupied two years, and subsequently to that of shipping clerk, which he occu- pied one year. On the retirement of Russell W. Bertsch, he was given his territory, comprising the Pentwater branch, the Kalamazoo division of the Lake Shore Railroad, the Chicago & West Michigan to LaPorte and about a dozen towns in Northern Indiana. He undertakes to see his trade every six months. Mr. Oesterle is a member of the Michiagn Knights of the Grip and two bodies of the Masonic order Valley City Lodge No. 86 and Grand Rapids Chapter (Royal Arch) No. 7. He is also a member of the German Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Oesterle will be married Sept. 14 to Miss Clara Horst, who was formerly a resident of this city during the time her father was pastor of the German Methodist church here. Mr. Oesterle and bride will reside at the family resi- dence, 275 North Ionia street, pending the construction of a new home in some other part of the city. Mr. Oesterle attributes his success to the fact that he insists on selling a man the goods he can dispose of readily and at a good profit. He never urges a dealer to buy goods because they are cheap, unless he has a trade which will take them, because cheap as they may be, they prove dear in the end. He finds that his experience in the factory has been of great value to him because, when a dealer wants something unusual, he is in a position to tell him whether the suggestion is a practicable one or not. He isa prince of good nature and is always sure of a cordial reception, both at the hands of the trade and in the house on his return. —> 2 >__ When a man has greatness thrust up- on him, it usually doesn’t take him very long to get rid of it. Testing Drugs on Animals. From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. ‘You've heard the theatrical expres- sion, ‘trying it on.a dog,’ ’’ saida local representative of a great manufacturing drug house. ‘‘It means an experimen- tal performance of a new play in some small city. If the dog, otherwise the small city, shows no great symptoms of distress they venture the thing in New York. Well, in our line of business we frequently ‘try it on a dog,’ also on a frog, a rat, a rooster, a guinea pig, and other animals too numerous to mention. Our trials are literal, not figurative. We make them to ascertain the strength of certain drugs which, for some rea- son or other, defy chemical analysis. In such cases we resort to what is called a physiological test. Suppose, for instance, we want to find out the strength of a sample of digitalis, which, if in good condition, has a stimulating effect on the heart. The experts on the staff of the laboratory at our works force a drop of the stuff into the stomach of a small frog, which is then placed in a deli- cate machine called a kymograph that records its heart beats on a_ strip of paper. The digitalis may be perfectly dead and inert and it may be strong and active—no chemist could tell the differ- ence--but the kymograph gets at the truth with infallible certainty, and the sample is graded accordingly. The frogs used are little fellows not over two inches long and they are rather hard to get. Some time ago we sent the house a consignment from New Orleans, but they proved to be too large. Why do we use such small ones? Because it takes less of the drug to affect them. It’s merely a matter of economy. “*Some of the other tests are still more curious, ’’ continued the drug man, ‘‘and none queerer than that of ergot. To as- certain its active properties a small quantity is injected into a full grown rooster. If the drug is up to standard strength the comb of the fowl soon be- gins to turn blue and eventually becomes almost black. The power of the ;artic- ular sample on trial is indicated by the deepness of the discoloration. This test is the only reliable one known and is exceedingly valuable, because ergot has a strange trick of occasionally losing all its medicinal properties without show- ing the slightest change in general ap- pearance. ‘Hasheesh,’ which has fig- ured so extensively in romances of the Orient, is known scientifically as Can- nabis Indica. It is tested on dogs. When the drug is all right the dog soon begins to get ‘dopy,’ staggers in its walk and eventually keels over and dreams dreams, The necessity of testing hash- eesh grows out of a very singular fact: As most people know, it is made from the blossom of Indian hemp, but it is only the unfertilized female flower that has any narcotic properties. The male flowers and the seed-bearing female flowers are absolutely valueless, but all three look alike to the naked eye. So does the tincture prepared from’ them, and, like the other drugs mentioned, it doesn’t yield to analysis. These tests will give a fair idea of the modern method of getting at facts about medi- cines. They are only a few out. of many. Altogether, I suppose that up- ward of a dozen different animals are used, each selected because of its sensi- tiveness to some special preparation. Occasionally the sentimentalists raise a wail over the poor guinea pigs and white rats and the innocent frogs that are sacrificed to science, but if it was not for the help of these creatures we would have to fall back on the old-fash- ioned method of distinguishing toad- stools from mushrooms. ‘Cook them and eat them,’ was the formula, ‘and if they don’t kill you they are mush- 2. 93 rooms. ——>2»>___ Not That Kind of Hose. ‘“The garden hose needs mending, George,’’ said Mrs. Snaggs. ‘‘ How do you mend garden hose?’’ ‘“Oh, darn the hose!’’ replied Mr. Snaggs, who was reading the newspaper just then and did not want to be both- ered. Nevertheless, that is not the sort of hose to be mended by darning. y “ via MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 63 ele ENTE SENATE RES SAE EM CE BCT I NCI BICONE BNC BLONDIE H. LEONARD & SONS GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. BIR View of the new wholesale sample room on first floor, corner Fulton and Commerce Streets, 5,000 square feet. Pe ECM TE CEE BCE BC Ie BES \ ) oe HSA BOSE SES BS SARE ES ¥E. FF r Y 1 a < vm Ps _ tag me - Ss wes an Fi fa é id a uv ‘Yo — — a: ‘SS 0m. Sie ¥ + ped - <= : : : i 1 4 CTE OPM RECT E CEE SPER CRE CPE PE TEE OPE CIE Y roy . A a 1 Manufacturers, direct importers and jobbers of the largest lines of Holiday Goods. ; Your personal inspection is solicited to view our assortment of staple Holiday Goods in China of every description, Dolls, Toys, Games, Albums, Celluloid Case ; Goods, Books and Novelties at prices equal to the lowest. Are you on our mailing list? If not, write for our monthly catalogues. Correspondence invited. = sapien & SONS. SARS ADA OEE RRS , \ 1 \ r X iS PLES EET, e MICHIGAN TRADESMAN FARM IMPLEMENTS. Features of the Business Not Generally Known. The farm implement trade in Grand Rapids ranks among the smaller indus- tries of the city and is characterized by being represented by fewer dealers and manufacturers than most of the other lines of merchandise. The sale of farming tools is necessarily limited to only a portion of the large army of con- sumers, as a whole, who seek Grand Rapids for supplies. Everyone must buy shoes, but few have need of a_hoe.and fewer still of self-binders and less still for a threshing machine, yet it may be interesting to know that although the demand for farm implements appears limited and the number of firms directly engaged in their sale may be almost counted on the fingers of one hand, yet the total amount annually sold from Grand Rap- ids reaches the surprising sum of a million and a half of dollars. With the exception of farm wagons, Grand Rapids manufactures none of the farm implements disposed of at Grand Rapids. It is a compliment to the wagon trade to know that 85 per cent. of all the wagons sold in this city are manufactured here, while the remainder of the money received from this branch of trade goes through the agencies in Grand Rapids and is sent abroad to manufacturers in other parts of this State and in other states. Why not manufacture farm imple- ments in Grand Rapids? The construction of implements has undergone marked changes. The cast- iron and wooden tools of fifteen or twenty years ago are being supplanted all along the line with the all steel cul- tivators, all steel hay rakes, all steel grain drills, all steel self-binders, steel wind mills, hay presses—in fact, every- thing now is all steel. Perhaps the most important of all changes that have taken place is the re- duction in prices on most of the farm implements for sale. A few illustra- tions will suffice: In 1882 a nine hoe grain drill sold at $85; in 1899 at $55. In 1882 a farm wagon sold at $120; in 1899 at $55. In 1882 self-binders sold at $300; in 1899 at $125. The reduction in the prices of farm tools and the greatly improved construction and increased utility has many times compounded the output as an offset to the reduction in prices. Another change in the method of handling the harvesting machine trade is noticed in the fact that it has now entirely passed out of the hands of the local dealers and is directly controlled and operated by salaried men under the general agents of the several great har- vesting machine companies. The change has resulted in increasing many fold the number of harvesting machines sold ‘in this territory. The implement trade in Grand Rap- ids is represented principally by three exclusive implement dealers, and four large transfer houses, representing the great harvesting machine companies who do both a wholesale and retail busi- ness. Among those who are engaged in the implement business, the firm of Brown & Sehler has the distinction of being the oldest, the business having been es- tablished in 1876 by the late E. T. Brown. Three years later a son of the deceased, Frank E. Brown, became as- sociated with him, and in 1882 John Sehler bought an interest in the busi- ness, and the firm also bought out the remains of the stock of the old firm of Luther & Sumner. This new firm now became E. T. Brown & Co. and trans- acted a general business in the imple- ment trade and began the wholesaling of implements to the adjoining towns. In 1885 E. T. Brown retired from the firm and it then became the present firm of Brown & Sehler, who have con- tinued about the same line of trade ex- cept to enlarge their capacity. In 1897 they added one important feature to their business, that of the manufacture of harness, which has proven very satis- factory. Samuel Fox, located on South Divi- sion street, has, for the past fourteen years, done an extensive and _ conserva- tive retail business in the implement trade. This house was originated in 1885 in a partnership existing between Myron Hester and Samuel Fox, and continued to do business unitl 1892, when Mr. Hester retired from the firm and the business has since been con- tinued by Samuel Fox alone. The present firm of Adams & Hart was originated in 1888 by W. M. Adams and in 1889 the late Isaac D. North be- came associated with him and the firm became Adams & North, doing an ex- clusive business in the farm implement and carriage trade. In 1890 Mr. North retired from the firm on account of ill health and was succeeded in 1891 by the present member of the firm, George W. Hart, since which time the business has grown from a small beginning to the second in size in the city. The four large harvesting machine companies, who do both a wholesale and a retail business, are among the most conspicuous who are directly connected with the implement business. It is re- ported upon good authority that no less than 9,000 binders, mowers, hay rakes and corn huskers are annually distrib- uted through these agencies in this city, which amounts in the volume of busi- ness to about $800,000, through their able representatives. The Champion Harvesting Machine Co. was about the first to see that Grand Rapids was to be the metropolis of Western Michigan and a shipping point for the adjoining counties and located its general agency here in 1886 under the management of the late Charles Bar- ton. In 1888 the present agent, E. T. Horning, assumed the management and has continued to increase the trade until it now stands second to no other transfer house in the State. The next to follow was the McCormick : : | Harvesting Machine Co., under the, management of Edward Stoddard, who | has established a transfer and reposi- tory for the well-known McCormick harvesting machines. This probably does the largest business in the city, but close to it comes O. P. Byers, the hustling representative of the Wm. Deering Co., which established a branch in Grand Rapids three years ago and has run up the output of his harvesters quite beyond his expectations and that of the manufacturers. George W. Logan, the representative of D. M. Osborn & Co., was placed in charge of this territory in 1899, and has worked up a large and lucrative trade, E. L. Fry being the local transfer and sales agent. Mr. Logan was preceded in his work by Mr. Maloney, who es- tablished the general agency in Grand Rapids in 1896, and it is an earnest and energetic race between the representa- tives of these four great companies to see which shall acquire the largest and most profitable in the twelve or fifteen counties immediately tributary to Grand Rapids. The late Wm. C. Dennison began business in 1856 and did an extensive general farm implement trade through- out Western Michigan. His business at one time was the largest of any deal- er in the State, but due to unfortunate management and reverses in business late in life, the results of his labors slipped away and he died almost penni- less in 1806. Among others who have also been in- terested in the implement trade was the late firm of Knapp, Simons & Warren, Luther & Sumner and Richmond Bros. Of their history the writer knows little. W. M. Adams. + 6. ___ Gradually Gaining Ground. Manistee, Sept. 4—At the last meet- ing of the Manistee Business Men’s As- sociation, the annual dues were changed from $5 a year to $1; but it is provided that at any time it is found necessary to raise more money, it can be done by as- sessment by order of the President. Seven members will constitute a quo- rum instead of ten as heretofore. Jacob Aarons, chairman of the Solicit- ing Committee, reported sixty-five ap- plications for membership. The Secretary was instructed to ask the Council for permission to u e the Council rooms for holding its meetings in. i The election of committees was de- ferred until next meeting. { i Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the first insertion and one cent a word for each subsequent insertion. No advertisements taken for less than 25 cents. Advance payments. BUSINESS CHANCES. ANTED—TO BUY STOCK OF GENERAL Merchandise in the country, in Central Michigan, invoicing from $800 to $1,200. M. Stimson, Hadley, Mich. 62 SOR SALE—WELL-SELECTED STOCK OF general merehandise in Northern Michigan town of 5,000 inhabitants; doing an annual bubdi- ness of $20,000. Reason for selling, other affairs to look after. Bargain to anyone meaning busi- ness. Will sell on easy terms. Address No. 67, eare Michigan Tradesman. 67 co SALE—STORE BUILDING, 80x 24, two stories and basement; second story a residence, and, with small expense, could be made into an elegant hotel, which the town needs. Also $3,000 clean stock of general mer- chandise. Good farming community and town of 600 inhabitants. Cause for selling, ill health. Address Box 66, Wayland, Mich. 66 OR SALE OR EXCHANGE FOR’ GEN- eral Merchandise—One forty acre fruit farm with choice varieties of fruit in bearing; one sixty-five acre fruit farm; one twenty-five acre fruit farm. Too much land is the only reason for selling. Apply to T. R. Smith, Lawton, Mich. 64 VOR SALE—GROCERY AND SHOE STOCK, connected with best general store in Michi- gan. Stock invoices about $2,000; no trades, all cash; splendid opportunity for a hustler; coun- try town; best farming country. Owner wisher to devote time to balance of stock. Average Sales, $2,000 per month. Address Box No. 63, care Michigan Tradesman. 63 ARTNER WANTED WITH SMALL CAP- ital to take interest in a valuable prepara- tion. Address Box 205, Sunfield, Mich. O RENT—ONE OR TWO BRICK STORES with deep cellars, 22x75 feet, on Main street, in Opera House block, Mendon, Mich. Write to Levi Cole. BA OR SALE—MEAT MARKET; ONE OF the best locations in the city; customers all good pay; doing a good paying business. Address No. 53, eare Michigan Tradesman. 53 Rok SALE — BELGIAN HARES ‘WITH hutches, ete.; get in on the ground floor for the boom in hare furs. Albert Baxter, Muske- gon, Mich. 57 1OOD OPENING FOR DRY GOODS OR department store at Centerville, Mich. Ad- dress Box 135. 55 W ANTED- GOOD LOCATION FOR OPEN- ing a good clothing store, or would buy out stock. Address Box 32, Sturgis, Mich. 56 Foe SALE—THE CRANE MANUFACTUR- ing mill at South Frankfort, fully equipped for the manufacture of hardwood lumber. [m- mediate possessi Savings Bank k*‘ IR SALE 3ARGAIN—WELL-STOCK- ed variety store in a thriving town of 2,500. Good location, excellent trade. Other business reason for selling. Address Box 344, Otsego, Mich. 52 rs SALE—STOCK OF DRUGS, SUNDRIES, fountain, ete., in excellent farming town; central location; established twenty years; big profits; rent very cheap. Will sell at a big dis- count. Present owner not a druggist. Address No. 48, care Michigan Tradesman. 48 DRUG STOCK FOR SALE VERY CHEAP on account of the death of the proprietor. For —— write to Mrs. Anna Tomlin, Bear Lake, Mich. 41 rPO RENT—TWO STORES IN NEW CORNER block in city of Belding—one of the best towns in Michigan. Has eight factories, all running, comprising the following: Two silk mills, two refrigerator factories, basket factory, shoe factory, furniture factory, box factory; planing mill and flouring mill. Stores are lo- cated on Main street in good location. Size of corner store, 25x85 feet. Good basement, run- ning water, electric lights. Rent to good par- ties reasonable. Address Belding Land & Im- provement Co., Belding, Mich. . 45 Inquire of Ann Arbor Arbor, Mich. 58 ae SALE—CLEAN STOCK OF CLOTHING and men’s furnishings in one of the best growing towns in Southern Michigan. Good trade. Other business reason for selling. Ad- dress A. M., Michigan Tradesman. 2 \W ANTED—YOUR ORDER FOR A RUBBER stamp. Best stamps: on earth at prices that are right. Will J. Weller, Muskegon, Mich. 958 Fee SALE OR EXCHANGE FOR GENERAL Stock of Merchandise—60 acre farm, part clear, architect house and barn; well watered. I also have two 40 acre farms and one 80 acre farm to exchange. Address No. 12, eare Michi- gan Tradesman. 12 NHE SHAFTING, HANGERS AND PUL- leys formerly used to drive the Presses of the Tradesman are for sale at a nominal price. Power users making additions or changes will do well to investigate. Tradesman Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan. 983 Pook SALE—GOOD BAZAAR STOCK. —EN- quire of Hollon & Hungerford, Albion, Mich. 16 Fok SALE—NEW GENERAL STOCK. A splendid farming conntry. No trades. Ad- dress No. 680, care Michigan Tradesman. 680 ODERN CITY RESIDENCE AND LARGE lot, with barn, for sale cheap on easy terms, or will exchange for tract of hardwood timber. Big bargain for some one. Possession given any time. Investigation solicited. E. A. Stowe, 24 Kellogg street, Grand Rapids. 993 NY ONE WISHING TO ENGAGE IN THE grain and produce and other lines of busi- ness can learn of good locations by communi- eating with H. H. Howe, Land and Industrial Agent C. & W. M.and D., G. R. & W. Railways, Grand Rapids, Mich. 919 POR SALE—A RARE OPPORTUNITY—A flourishing business, clean stock of shoes and furnishing goods; established cash trade; best store and location in city; located among the best iron mines in the country. The coming spring will open up with a boom for this city, with —— times for years tocome a cer, tainty. Rent free for six months, also a dis- count on stock; use of fixtures free. Store and location admirably adapted for any line of busi- ness and conducted at small expense. Get in line before too late. Failing health reason for selling. Address P. 0. Box 204, Negaunee, Mich. 913 W AXTED — REGISTERED ASSISTANT »yharmacist. Address Solon, care Mich- igan Tradesman. 61 W ANTED— AN ASSISTANT PHARMA- cist. Give age, experience, references and salary wanted. Allen B. Way, Sparta, Mich. 60__ e NTED— AN ASSISTANT PHARMA- ‘ist. Apdress, with reference, Box 24, Richland, Mich. eee 7 ANTED—SITUATION OR LOCATION AS pharmacist or physician or both. Address No. 68, care Michigan Tradesman. 68 MISCELLANEOUS. wa NTED—POSITION AS MANAGER OR head elerk in general store. Have had valuable experience as manager and buyer for ten years. Annual sales, $50,000. Address No. 51, care Michigan Tradesman. 51 ye ee AS CLERK. NINE years’ experience in dry goods and general trade. Address No. 43, care Michigan Trades- man. 43 ANTED—POSITION BY DRUGGIST, 14 years’ experience. Address No. 40, care Michigan Tradesman. 40 ANTED—SITUATION AS TRAVELING salesman, commission or salary, clothing, boots and shoes, men’s furnishing goods or gro- ceries. Good references given. Address 998, care Michigan Tradesman. 998 aad Y L sc Pg Travelers’ Time Tables. MERCANTILE ASSOCIATIONS CHICAGO tno.” Chicago. Ly. G. Rapids..7:10am 12:00nn 5:05pm *2:15am Ar. Chicago....1:30pm 5:00pm 11:15pm *7:25am Lv. Chicago.. 71am 12: 0Onn 4:15pm *8:45pm Ar. @’d Rapids 1:25pm 5:05pm 16: ey *1:50am Traverse City, ‘Charlevoix and Petoskey. Ly. G@’d Rapids. m 2:05am 1:45pm 5:30pm Ar. Trav. City..12: an 6:10am 5: opm 10: ‘Spm Ar. Charlevoix.. 3:15pm 7:58am 7:38pm Ar. Petoskey.... 3:45pm 8:15am 8: 15pm. . oe Ar. Bay View... 3: — 8:20am 8: :20pm. .. Pe cciewe cl Lv. G. poeiee: 9: 00am. “2: 00nn 5: 39pm.......... Ar. G. Rapids..8:90am 1:25pm 5:05pm 10:15 = Extra train on Saturday leaves at 2:15pm Ottawa Beach. Sunday train leaves Bridge street 8:40am, Union depot 9:00am; leaves Ottawa Beach 7:00pm. Trains arrive : north at 2:00am, 11:15am, 4:45pm, and 10: — Parlor cars on day ‘trains and sleeping cars on night trains to and from C Chicago Parlor cars for Bay View. *Every day. Others week days only. DETROIT,“ sss Detroit. Ly. Grand Rapids......7:00am 12:05pm 5:25pm Ar. Desrois. -< .. 2. cos 11:40am 4:05pm a Ly. Detroit........ ..... 8:40am 1:10pm 6:10pm Ar. Grand Rapids..... 1:30pm 5:10pm 10:55pm Sagina Lv. G R7:00am 5:10pm Ar.@R11:45am 9:40pm Parlor cars on all trains to and from Detroit and Saginaw. Trains run week days only. Gro. DEHAVEN, Genera! Pass. Agent. GRAN (In effect June 19, 1899.) Leave Trunk Railway System Detroit and Milwaukee Div Arrive GOING EAST Saginaw, Detroit & N Y....... + 6:40am + 9:55pm Detroit and East.. -.. 10:16am. ¢ 5:07pm Saginaw, Detroit & East.....: J 3:27pm +12:50pm Buffalo, Y, Toronto, Mon- treal & Boston, L't’d Ex....* 7:20pm *10:16am GOING WEST Gd. Haven and Int Pts.... * 8:30am *10:00pm Gd. Haven Express...... ..-*10:2lam * 7:15pm Gd. Haven and Int Pts.......+12:58pm + 3:19pm Gd. Haven and Milwaukee...¢ 5:12pm +10:1lam Gd. Haven and Milwaukee . - fio: 00pm + 6:40am Gd. Haven and Chicago......* 7:30pm * 8:05am Eastbound 6:45am train has Wagner parlor car to Detroit, eastbound 3:20pm train has parlor car to Detroit. *Daily. +Except Sunday. C. A. Justin, City Pass. Ticket Agent, 97 Monroe St., Morton House. Northern Div. Leave Arrive Trav. C’y, Petoskey & Mack...* 4;10am *10:(Opm Trav. C’y, Petoskey & Mack...¢ 7:45am ¢ 5:15pm Trav. City & Petoskey......... ¢ 1:40pm ¢ 1:10pm Cadillac accommodation...... + 5:25pm +10:55am Petoskey & Mackinaw Cit ti! 00pm t+ 6:30am {4:10am train, The North and Express, sleeping and dining cars; 7:45am and 1:40pm trains, parlor cars; 11: oopm train sleeping car. Rapids & indiana Railway July 9, 1899. Southern Div. Leave Arrive Cincinnati... esos + 7:10am + 9:45pm Ft. Wayve ..... ...¢% 2:03pm ¢ 1:30pm Kalamazoo and V’ ckeburg. -. * 7:00pm * 7:20am Chicago and Cincinnati....... *10:15pm * 3:55am ~7:10 am train has purior car to Cincinnati and parlor car ‘o Chicago; 2:00pm train has parlor car to Ft. Wayne; 10:15pm train has sleeping cars to Chicago, Cincinnati, Indian- apolis, Louisville and St. Louis. Chicago Trains. TO CHICAGO. Ly. Grand Rapids.. 4 10am 2 00pm = 15pm Ar. Chicago......... 230pm 8 45pm = 6 2am ae CHICAGO. Ly. Chicago......... 3 02pm * 8. —_ “il 32pm Ar. Grand Rapids... 9 45pm 3:55pm 7 20am Train leaving Grand Rapids 7: loam has ‘parlor car; 10:15pm, coach and sleeping car. Train leaving Chicago 3:02pm has Pullman parlor car; 8: merges slee oping car; 11:32pm sleep- ing car for Grand R: api Muskegon Trains. Lv G@’d Rapid saci +760 41:35pm +5:40pm esos Ar Muskegon. . 9:00am 2:45pm 7:05pm Sunday train leaves = Rapids 9:15am; arrives Muskegon 10:40a: GOIN Lv Muskegon....... .. 18: 0am ag 15am ‘¢ 00pm Ar@’d Rapids.. : 1:25pm 5:20pm Sunday train ieee Heskeron 6:30pm; ar- rives Grand Ra) oes 7:55pm. *Dalily. tExcept Sun C i LOCKWOOD, Gen’! Passr. and Ticket ‘Agent. W. C. BLAKE, Ticket Agent Union Station. MANISTE Via C. & W. M. Railway. & Northeastern Ry. Best route to Manistee. Lv Grand Rapids.................. FORM... 62s Ar Manistee-. Siecle seins ciesials wieis oie atgie a 12:05pm .. .... Ly: Manistee. 65. sci. 55 i. ess 8:30am 4:10pm Ar Grand Rapids....... .......- T:oopm 9:sspm Michigan Business Men’s Association President, C. L. Wairngy, Traverse City; Sec- retary, B.A. Stows, Grat Grand Rapids. Michigan Retail Grocers’ Association President, J. WisLER, Mancelona; Secretary, E. A. Stows, Grand Rapids. Michigan Hardware Association ——, C. G. Jewett, Howell; Secretary Y C. Mrnnig, Eaton jaton Rapids. Detroit Retail Grocers’ Association President, Joszpa Knient; Secretary, E. MARKS. 221 Greenwood ave: Treasurer, C. H. FRINK. Grand Rapids Retail Grocers’ Association President, Frank J. Dyk; Secretary, Homer Kap; Treasurer, J. Gro. LEHMAN. Saginaw Mercautile Association President, P. F. TREANOoR; Vice-President, JoHn McBRatTNIE; Becacenry, W. H. LEwis. Jackson Retail Grocers’ Association President, J. FRaNK HELMER; Secretary, W. H. PORTER; Treasurer, L. Pi L. PELTON. Adrian Retail Grocers’ Association President, A. C. CLARK; See - F. CLEvE- LAND; Treasurer, Wm. C. Koz Bay Cities Retail Groc Grocers’ Association President, M. L. DEBats; Sec’y, S. W. WaTERs. Kalamazoo Retail Grocers’ Association President, W. H. JoHNson; Secretary, Cuas. HYMAN. Traverse City Business Men’s Association President, Tos. T. Barges; Secretary, M. B. HOLLY; "Treasurer, C. A. A. HammMonpD. Owosso Business Me Men’s Association President, A. D. aS ae da T. Camp BELL; ‘Treasurer, W . E. Connin Alpena Business Met Men’s Association President, F. W. Gincurist; Secretary, C. L. PARTRIDGE. Grand Rapids Retail Meat Dealers’ Association President, L. M. ae Secretary, Pap HiL- BER: Treasurer, S. J. Hurrorp. St. Johns Business M Men’s Association. President, THos. BROMLEY; Secretary, FRANK A. PERCY; Treasurer, CLARK A. Putt. Perry Business Men’s Association President, H.W. WALuacg; Sec’y, T. E, HEDDLE. Grand Haven Retail Merchants’ Association President, F. D. Vos; Secretary, J. W. VERHOEKS. Yale Bnsiuess Men’s Association President, Cuas. Rounps; Sec’y, FRANK PUTNEY. TRAVEL VIA F.&P M.R. R. AND STEAMSHIP LINES TO ALL POINTS IN MICHIGAN H. F. MOELLER, a. a. Pp. a. Uneeda Biscuit Washed down with a glass of good milk, can’t be beat. Uneeda Biscuit represent the highest degree of modern baking. Sold everywhere in 5 cent air tight, moisture proof packages. Always fresh. The Grand Rapids Paper Box Co. Manufacture Solid Boxes for Shoes, Gloves, Shirts and Caps, Pigeon Hole Files for Desks, plain and fancy Candy Boxes, and Shelf Boxes of every de- scription. We also make Folding Boxes for Patent Medicine, Cigar Clippings, Powders, etc., etc. Gold and Silver Leaf work and Special Die Cutting done to suit. Write for prices. Work guaranteed. GRAND RAPIDS PAPER BOX CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. nen e 9 ° a = Hanselman’s Fine Chocolates e a : e e Name stamped on each piece of the genuine. No up-to-date ™ s dealer can afford to be without them. & a e H Hanselman Candy Co. . s Kalamazoo, Mich. § e J BORORCVOTOHSC TOTORSC LOROR TORSUCHOUOCHORORORORONOHOZORO LEEEEEEE EEE E EET E EEE E ETE ETE TET ET ET ETT $44444444446544444o44 t » Platform Delivery Wagon w#? NO. 113 Not how cheap but how good. Write for catalogue and prices. THE BELKNAP WAGON CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. PEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEET EET EEET ETT E ETE T TTT Pbpb hob heh hh hhh hh heheh hp MONEY IN IT It pays any dealer to have the reputation of keeping pure goods. It pays any dealer to keep the Seymour Cracker. _There’s a large and growing section of the public who will have the best, and with whom the matter of acent or soa pound makes no impression. It’s not “How cheap” with them; it’s “How good.” For this class of people the Seymour Cracker is made. Discriminating housewives recognize its superior Flavor, Purity, Deliciousness, and will have it. If you, Mr. Dealer, want the trade of particu- lar people, keep the Seymour Cracker. Made by NATIONAL BISCUIT COMPANY, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. CPO EE Le LO REE RET TL LT LT LT ey PT Le OLE YL Lee Pe Se oe Pry Five Cents 2 a Night We are in the market with the § oes e TOO e@.e@. e@.e 20.0°0.0? Ht eee ro latest thing in the shape of a § Gas Lamp. It is an inven- § tion gotten up from the expe- § rience of all others al'eady in ry @**ee%e CTT ry eT S Of BOL BOA BS 6 e S 6 XSLT ST ST OTK STR EY OTD Li Ri OY OO Oe Ok the market. Don’t order a a Larry back number when for nearly Es sy the same money youcan secure Ay Hd one of the latest inventions. Local agents wanted in see tJ every county in Michigan. ah Peninsular Gas Light Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. isi [J e ty J e tJ J O<_Oo 6 >< eo S o >< Bo*~) XTX SEX SES SEL SEY SEY OSX ET PUVEDNT NOTE ERT TPT OTE NTE TTT ore re vey eT tS Acryevevevevevenevene AAA LAA ALAA LAAAAAAAAL ALAA AA ALAAAA LAA LAMA ie a) Ce ‘l LAAAAAAAA44A4404404404644044440444046bAAbAAAAAL4A44A444444 44444 DODO UG UUAOL 14.4414 bs ad Yyreree rev eveeee rit FH Dayton, Ohio, Aug. 30th, 1899. ' Michigan Tradesman, Grand Rapids, Mich. Editor—I am in receipt of your favor of the 22nd asking for special matter for your Anniversary number. In consultation with the Computing Scale Co. on the subject they informed me that they are so- far behind on orders that they are almost tempted to stop advertising. This speaks well for the ‘‘man behind the gun.’’ How- ever, you may announce that we will be the last to stop advertising on account of such swamping prosperity. Yours Respectfully, KENNEDY, Adv. Manager for THE COMPUTING SCALE CO. Sos SA BMNUUNNAL NAMA AMU LUA Ab LU AUk MAU Uk AAU Udd MAb ddd Add ddd Add ddd evnrvonnnvennetne Light Your# |. Store for =] ba ays ae r >}. / cre er pale ans