4) FB EG RONG x SC ROIS y) AYN Y 0 = von) ’ h H Is rag ae + JES wt aA Tied ORS Reg care 2 Care ier ae cE =! 1D Sa ae PL i ~ Ge OS Se Des ROOD AL 50 REM A SEE WAL, € EVO RIS© Fe Mley ey ee IR (Ge , oy EY PAIS cpl Teme Mate ees AI ae INA 2S PUBLISHED WEEKLY 8 765 OC ETRADESMAN | eee saat ecole ye ee ro SII ILI OLE SEL ISR SSL SIT ; Eighteenth Year GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 30, 1901. Number 906 =~: -Q_.B, .~B, .@,.@, .@,; » ~~, -@a, « . ~~, A, -, «Va, - >= wa,’ => => .~, -, © eS 5 Wp, SH HN SS sas SASLP2P2a2:- “= POM BOO DOR BA AB IT. EI I *. 33FF3333335333333S2333233332322 as OOOO Ow . : Ww W W W To the interests of your business you will " not buy any FELT BOOT or SOCK w COMBINATIONS till you have seen ours. W The prices are not dictated by a trust. " g neath ar estates a A \ 4s 7 . fn v MiBBER sH0E. «0 Our salesmen are now on the road and will i call on you shortly. \ i ee. . = = = The Beacon Falls Rubber Shoe Co., 207 and 209 Monroe Street, 'e ME. LO. LO. LO. LO. LO LO. Le. LP. ‘\\ m Chicago, Illinois Not in Any Trust. W fn y 33:33:22: 2:2:2:2:2: 2:22.22. ee eee ge ggg gg, ME ME Le MP» ; = SSSSSSSSSssssssecccecssscce + aie » < } ey. ~ — — ee OY @¢ » Volume XVIII. GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 30, 1901. Number 906 A. BOMERS, ..Commercial Broker.. And Dealer in Cigars and Tobaccos, 157 E. Fulton St. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Knights of the Loyal Guard A Reserve Fund Order A fraternal beneficiary society founded upon a permanent plan. Permanency not cheapness its motto. Reliable dep- uties wanted. Address EDWIN 0. WOOD, Flint, Mich. Supreme Commander in Chief. Perfection Time Book and Pay Roll Takes care of time in usual way, also divides up pay roll into the several amounts need- ed to pay each person. No running around after change. Send for Sample Sheet. Barlow Bros. Grand Rapids, Mich. ASSOCIATE OFFICES IN ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES —~ References: State Bank of Michi; and Mich- igan Tradesman, Grand Rapids. Collector and Commercial Lawyer and Preston National Bank, Detroit. THE MERCANTILE AGENCY Established 1841, R. G. DUN & CO. Widdicomb Blid’g, Grand Rapids, Mich. Books arranged with trade classification of names. Collections made everywhere. Write for particulars. L. P. WITZLEBEN, Manager. 999900000000 004 3S THE ‘ 3 FIRE< v INS. ‘ $ 7? _ 4 4 Prompt, Conservative, Safe. q $ J.W.CHAMPLIN, Pres. W. FRED McBary, Sec. ¢ Db bb bb 4 4 & & & 4 4 4 4 4 & > > &, 4 bo a, wWwyvvuvuvvvvvvvevvvvvvvvvvvv dv Wholesale Ready Made Clothing a FOV OV VUV VV VA Nearly all kinds, for all seasons, for Men, Boys and Children. Meet WILLIAM CONNOR who will be at Sweet’s Hotel, Grand Rapids, February 9 to 14, and you will see a large line of samples to select from. Customers’ expenses allowed. Or if you prefer, write him, care Sweet’s Hotel, and he will call on you. He pays prompt attention to mail orders. hb bbb GOO bb bb bn by bn bbb, bn, FR GFUGO OO GVOS GVO OOO OUT yyevvwvvvvevvvvvvvvvvvedv™* FF POV FOV POG OVO OVO Ab hbbbbb bbb bbb bbb bbb bhbbhoe POFFO OVOOU ST OOO OO GOV UV GV Tradesman Goupons IMPORTANT FEATURES. Page. Getting the People. Education Not Necessary. Around the State. Grand Rapids Gossip. Men of Mark. . The Meat Market. Editorial. The Taxation Problem. 12. Village Improvement. 13. Evolution of the Sickle. 14. Shoes and Rubbers. 16. Hardware. Hardware Quotations. Dry Goods. 19. Clothing. Woman’s World. 22. Butter and Eggs. The New York Market. 24. Clerk’s Corner. Commercial Travelers. Drugs and Chemicals. Drug Price Current. Grocery Price Current. Grocery Price Current. Grocery Price Current. Window Dressing. End of the Aldine Manufacturing Co. PRR SK PSD NATIONAL IN NAME ONLY. The outcome of the annual convention of the so-called National Retail Grocers’ Association, which was held at Detroit the first three days of last week, com- pletely vindicates the position taken by the Tradesman ever since the move- ment was inaugurated in 1893, when it questioned the wisdom of launching so pretentious an undertaking in the fol- lowing words: The attempt to organize a national association of retail grocers on the grounds of the World’s Fair last week was a complete fiasco, as the Trades- man predicted would be the result two weeks ago. There is no excuse for such an organization until the local and state organizations have become so numerous and so energetic that they feel the neces- sity of a broader and more comprehen- sive organization to take up the work where the local and state organizations leave off and carry it forward to a suc- cessful issue. When this condition is reached—and the Tradesman has ever done and ever will do all it can to bring about such a result —then the larger and broader organization will be quite as necessary as the local and state organi- zations are to-day. Although nearly eight years have elapsed since this opinion was ex- pressed, the Tradesman now sees no reason why it should deviate from the position then taken and subsequentiy maintained; and, in the light of recent events, it is plainly evident that many men who espoused the idea of national organization and believed it to bea growing cause have had occasion to change their minds. The attendance at Detroit was less than half the attendance at the Cleveland convention a year ago. Less states were represented and less work of a general character was_ under- taken. The Nestor of retail organization and trade journalism asserts that noth- ing of value to the grocery trade of the United States was accomplished. Much of the time of the convention was con- sumed by a factional fight to dump a couple of unworthies who were appar- ently actuated solely by a determination to make the organization the instrument of their ambition. At the most critical period of the convention 108 votes were recorded—an insignificant number to represent the ‘230,000 men who handle groceries in this country. If organiza- tions, like men, are to be judged by their fruits, there is no excuse for the present national movement, which has been productive of nothing but ill feel- ing, bad blood, discord, broken prom- ises, criminations and recriminations, peculation, prostitution of office, libel suits and numerous other results of hasty conclusions and illy-considered actions. The Tradesman has no objection to those who like that sort of thing getting together and calling themselves a na- tional association. It helps the rail- roads and hotels, gives those who re- joice in the sound of their own voices an opportunity to air their opinions and —as was the case at [etroit—frequently results in the spilling of a lot of bad blood which might otherwise result seri- ously. The Tradesman never has and never will oppose such a movement on the part of those who happen to differ with it on this subject, because it in- variably concedes to others the same right to free speech and independent thought which it claims for itself. If other good people cherish the opinion that a national association is necessary to their happiness, well and good. The Tradesman doffs its hat to them, wishes them well and will never throw a stone in their dooryard. Because it does not regard this subject in the same light as other good people is no reason why it should be vilified and castigated and called bad names by a few hot-headed exponents of national organization who will know more when they grow older and come to undestand that people can differ on matters of vital importance and still be honest and be actuated by the best of motives. In view of the importance of the topic to every citizen, the Tradesman deems it unnecessary to offer any apology to its readers for devoting nine columns of space in this week’s paper to the subject of taxation in the shape of a paper on the ‘‘Separation of State and Local Finances,’’ by Horace M. Oren, Attorney General of Michigan. This paper is a fit companion to the ethical presentation of the subject by Harvey J. Hollister, published last week, and also to the legal and constitutional dis- cussion of the question by Mark Norris, of this city, which will appear next week. One can trace, with great satisfaction, the various causes that have led to one dav or one season of success. It ought to be equally satisfactory to plan for an- other day or another season. Of course, there are fluctuations in the business world that can not always be seen. There may be wars and rumors of wars that will influence the markets. There may be bad seasons, seasons of business wrecks, owing to the weather. Kansas seems to get the same kind of unenviable notoriety under all political administrations. It is apparently suffer- ing from an oversupply of strenuosity. THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. The people of Buffalo evidently put their Pan-American Exposition in good hands. The management has every ap- pearance of being enterprising and progressive. It is distinctly stated that there will be funds enough at disposal to do everything which the projectors desire and to do it in the highest style of the art. It is asserted that the Pan- American will compare very favorably with the World’s Fair at Chicago and be an exhibition well worth traveling miles to see. If elaborate preparations go for anything, Buffalonians will be pre- pared to meet the expected rush of tour- ists and sight-seers. The advertising de- partment has been especially diligent and is continuously disseminating ex- planatory and laudatory literature cal- culated to make millions count the days until they can see the show. If the Ex- position is two-thirds or even half as good as they say it will be, it will re- pay all visitors, even those who travel long distances, to avail themselves of the privilege. The state of the country and the con- dition of the times are especially for- tunate for the Pan-American projectors. Everybody has been busy during the last two or three years and presumably most people will feei they can afford to spend a little money next summer in enjoyment, and Buffalo will be one of the places always taken into the reckon- ing. The people of that city sav that, while they expect to make a great deal of money taking boarders, they will not undertake to make a fortune out of one family ina week. They claim they are going to be very reasonable in their living charges, so that people of moder- ate means may be made comfortable for a week or two in that city and have money enough to pay their fare home without borrowing. Very much will de- pend upon the reputation in this line established early after the opening. If the people of the country at large get the notion that they are to be robbed tight and left by hotel and boarding house keepers it will materially affect the attendance. There is unquestionably much positive benefit to be derived from exhibitions of this character. Those who see them and are so inclined can learn a great deal. None can fail to be impressed with the exhibition of modern progress which these great shows display. Residents of Michigan in particular will wish Buffalo well in her great undertaking and hundreds of thousands from this State will be sure to visit the Exposition and are confident that they will enjoy it. A Minneapolis paper amuses itself by telling the story of a fair daughter of that State who caught a pickerel three feet long. That seems to us to bea trifling matter beside the six-foot suck- ers that our lovely and entrancing maid- ens are yanking from bachelordom every day, and they seem to like the fun, too. A man spends time getting good money and then spends money having a good time. 2 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Getting the People Werds are Most Valuable When Fewest. There is so much that is self evident and axiomatic in relation to this feature of advertising that it seems almost un- necessary to discuss it, and yet it may be profitable to mention some things by way of reminder, at least, for every periodical that comes to my table brings examples of forgetfulness in this regard. In the consideration of space there is so direct a relation to the expense that the merchant is not apt to take too much of it, at least without consideration. When he has selected his space too fre- quently, he is unconsciously impressed that it should be well occupied. He is thus tempted to bring in too many kinds of goods for consideration, or—what is more common—he forgets to limit his wording in description. Redundancy in wording is of greater injury than the occupation of unneces- sary space. Whatever the object of ad- vertising it is attained by engaging the attention and interest of readers. The persistent bargain hunter may sort through a mass of verbiage to find what interests him, but many to be reached by advertising are not bargain hunters. Most readers are unconsciously repelled by a long, solid paragraph or by a monotonous mass of tabulated price lists. The theory, then, is to Say it in few words. The rounded periods of the rhetorician have their place elsewhere than in the preparation of trade get- ters. I say this principle is often un- consciously lost sight of and spaces are filled in a manner which effectually buries them from attention. I shall not take space to give more than one short example to illustrate the ease of condensation. Take the sen- tence, ‘‘We have just received and are now offering for sale the latest importa- tions of fall millinery’’ and ‘‘Just re- ceived latest importations fall millin- ery.’’ The last sentence of six words conveys all the meaning in the former of sixteen. There is a sort of sententious conden- sation which is becoming quite com- mon that becomes disagreeable and tire- some in style and so repels the reader. Anything that savors of slang or pert- ness is undignified and unprofitable. As much dignity and as correct a style of expression may be preserved in the use of few words as in more prolixity. If the uature of the business and ad- vertising requires the use of long lists or tables of prices it is well to break them up into groups by some means. Arrange the more important so as to use a heavier face of type or enclose some in panels so as to separate the rest into small groups. In this way the at- tention is not unconsciously repelled and the effectiveness is increased many fold. Don’t bury your work in verbiage or in repellent masses of any kind. * * * I am again asked to criticise the ad- vertisement of Will Botsford & Co, I have already commended it as a well- proportioned and effective advertise- ment, but I have now to criticise the fact of its continuing so long without change. An advertisement cf this character quickly loses its effectiveness if continued. I presume the Marshall Wagon & Windmill Co. find it best for its busi- ness to prepare a comprehensive list without regard to times or seasons. Is OUR MOTTA. Observe the following list, send your order to us. and we will do the rest -—s2s. 90 | Good Mixed Candy, ade Be Cleaned Curraats, perlb........ Gooa Exzemes,peri®...... ee Good Giager Suaps, pete ge Good Coffee, Cee ee 14c Peppermint Lozenges. +... eee ee Good Rice. < sean... =... Gc Green Peas, pee lS Good Baking Powder. per me — --16c Pearl Barley, per tt ee 4, We have a fine assortment of Teas and Coffees. Will Botsford & Co. 19 West Bight St . Holtmad. > WE ARE NOT WHOLESALING But are selling Groceries close to wholesale prices. “LIVE AND LET LIVE” BUY THE BEST “UNCLE SAM” TANK HEATERS, Get Our Prices, “OUR OWN” BOB SLEIGHS, rorging motsters:¢ desired, MARSHALL WAGONS, Cosniveitzs Pecks, .”*s0" Boxes, ana New Marshall WINDMILLS, reoxs, pumps, Pipe and Suppiies. McCORMICK BINDERS, MOWERS, RAKES, xne vest on earth. EMPIRE GRAIN DRILLS, snoe, Hee or Disc; prices the same. Thomas TEODERS AND LOADERS, None can equal them. LOUDEN HAYING TOOLS, The name is a guarantee of perfection. The best and most complete repair shop in the city. Short notice jobs our Specialty. Marsiatt WAGON & WINDMILL CO. . BENTLEY, Manager. pay OLOTHING Bed Blankets, Duck Coats, Pants, Winter Underwear This is an economical time of year to buy them. Call and see. W. A. Gardner. SLE/IGHS, BELLS, ROBES, BLANKETS, HARNESSES. Intelligent selection is afforded you among our stocks—the quality and price are always har- monious--and the variety is unexcelled in this Section of the state. Time and easy payments given. KELLY & MATHER. Manisiee Gouely Savings Bank. The Manistee County | Savings Bank Loans morey on Improved Manistee Real Estate. suys Mortgages and Bonds Issues Drafts to all Parts 6FIhE World. Rauk open each Monday bv enin; froin 6:30 Lo 8:00. Alw ty3 open Munday Evenings Se Monarch : “Pats : > > > P A Patent Leather ® Shoe that won't ? break thr’o ' Gentlemen: We guarantee them. They are Neat, Stylish and Up-to Date. One Year’s Business Success Has elapsed since our -large store was rebuilt. GOOD GOODS AND LOW PRICES have made for us many friends. That we can undersell our competitors who have heavier ex- penses and less facilities for huying and earry- ing a large stock is admitted by all. That we can hold custemees who are attracted by our close selling we have demonstrated to our en- tire sadisfaction, You ean loose nothing, but May gain 4 coud deal. by joining yur “regulars.” John McAnley’s - TELEPHONE i150. $A Mls, nia, Me le, Ein wi ie lis Al, Min Alla i, le, Ws se sl, Ba, Pa esl a, sl. le, esa 7 ™ $4.00. | Woolley § Bronson, § Little Red Freat Shoe Store. 4 } SE SS SVE SS = : PARKINSBW & BARNES} MERCHANT | TAILORING Ressssassocossccsscocssoe = SPECIAL ON MEN'S HEAVY OVERCOATS. FOR THIRTY DAYS Pompei. — Grain drills, haying tools and bob sleighs make a complete cycle. It would seem to me that a distinction in the display of the seasonable goods would increase the effectiveness. The adver- tisement is carefully prepared and the display and border are well propor- tioned, thus saving the latter from be- coming too mournful. Kelly & Mather have the correct idea of the value of space and brevity of wording. This firm evidently finds it worth while to confine the attention to seasonable goods. I think possibly an error has been made in having too much white space and that a light border would have improved it, but it is a good advertisement as it is. John McAnley presents a well-pro- portioned display, but I think the par- agraph is a little too formidable. Had it been boiled to two-thirds its length it would have been read by many more people. The advertisement has merit as an indication of business prosper- ity and is, no doubt, valuable as a change. As a general rule, it is well to give some indication of the nature of a business even when the concern is thor- oughly well known. The little advertisement of W. A. Gardner shows an unusual degree of care and thought in preparation. I have had occasion to commend some of his advertising before. The present sample is original in expression, could not be better displayed and is in every respect a good specimen. Another good advertisement is that of the Manistee County Savings Bank. The repetition of the name of the bank in so condensed a letter is not objec- tionable when the first display is so strong. Wooley & Bronson’s printer could not have made the display with greater neatness and unity had his border been solid instead of a finely-engraved one. I am a little slow to appreciate the coined word at the head, but presume the coiners know what they are about. The advertisement will, undoubtedly, attract a certain class of trade and, if there is enough of the class to be reached, will, no doubt, prove a_suc- cess. Parkinson & Barnes have the correct idea of type, but the dashes could be improved by substituting short plain ones, both alike. ——_> 0-+___ Methods Followed by a Boston Firm. Jaynes & Co., Boston druggists, make a point of always having some unique advertising exhibit outside their stores, or in the windows. At their Hanover street store they have placed on the front of the building the colossal head of a man. Into his mouth is shoved a mammoth perfecto cigar. The work is cleverly done to show a man in the act of smoking one of their special brands of cigars. In the cigar, which is hollow, is concealed a red electric light, which glows on the under side, and at the end of the long ash, which —— just about to drop from the end |o the weed. Closely following the glow, as though the mammoth figure had just taken a puff, comes a column of steam from the figure’s mouth, followed by an- other smaller one from the end. In an uptown store they keep a man at work carving out lifelike figures from huge blocks of hard toilet soap, cakes of which are displayed in the window. ——_>4.___ In Norway a girl must have a certifi- cate stating that she can cook before she can be married. The laws of Nor- way are all right in that respect, but they do not require the bridegroom to certify that he can keep up a house and = the wherewithal for his wife to cook, > + 4 a « oF » - ee 1 bin 7 2 - > a < » mak > ay > « = £5. .— er, mw ¢ ¥ w ° Aaa] — » ~ ee ee os 2 > > y < » a A > ns > < = di a Si _ mw ¢ ¥ w ° MICHIGAN TRADESMAN EDUCATION NOT NECESSARY To Enable the Merchant to Achieve Suc- cess. ‘‘T don’t think any man ought to be allowed to enter business unless he is a ' graduate of some public school and can pass an examination in the common school branches,’’ said a friend of mine the other day, in discussing the per- centage of illiteracy in the mercantile business. I didn’t call this gentleman a fool, because he is bigger than I am, but I certainly felt like it. Nobody places a higher value on an education than I do, but I wouldn’t for a minute contend that it cuts much figure in business. As a matter of fact, it is sometimes a ques- tion in my mind whether the most suc- cessful merchants aren’t the ones with the least education. 1 got a letter last week which is a splendid case in point. It is froma friend of mine in a Western city. I violate no confidence in reproducing it, as he is not in the grocery business, and | give neither name nor address, The letter was as follows: I have yure letter which was written on December 28, and want to reply to it, I could not be to postive about the value of Jackson propperty my advise to you is to snap up quick as can get it is a bargan, Now, a school boy can probably write a better letter than this. It is badly spelled, abominably punctuated and execrably composed, yet hundreds of men who would be able to write a let- ter that would make this look like a school boy’s effusion would be absolute- ly incapable of putting through the deal which this letter refers to. The writer of that letter is one of the sharpest, shrewdest business men I ever met in all my life. Yet he never had any edu- cation whatever—never went to school even. Everything he knows he taught himself. To establish education as a criterion of business ability would be to keep born business men like my friend out and let in men who could write better letters, but who couldn’t hold a candle to him where it came to real business ability. In an experience of several years I have rubbed up against a lot of business men, and in running them over in my mind in an off-hand way, I am really inclined to believe that the most suc- cessful of them are those who have only the crudest sort of education—men who could hardly write a letter even so good as the one I| have reproduced. Why, just to show how utterly worth- less education is to prove whether a man is a good ora bad business man, the poorest, most shackling merchant I ever knew was a graduate of Harvard College. I know a grocer who in his youth was bitterly poor. He had no advantages ; never went to school but two months in all his life. Ever since boyhood this man has ardently desired an education, but he has never had time to get one— even a rudimentary one. To-day he is utterly incapable of writing a coherent letter and never attempts to. His wife attends to his book-keeping and writes all his letters. It may be interesting to know that this grocer, who would never have been allowed in business if my friend’s edu- cational test had stood, is worth be- tween $40,000 and $50,000o—every cent of which he made himself. There are a lot of splendidly educated gentlemen in the world who aren’t worth $40,000 or $50,000 No, siree; education cuts but mighty little figure in business capacity. Un- derstand, I’m not deprecating educa- tion—a man who hasn’t one is _ los- ing a good deal of the bright side of life, but it isn’t necessary to have educa- tion to make money, all the same. Business men are born, and the finest college education on earth can’t make a good business man out of a fellow who is born to be a poor one.—Stroller in Grocery World. 0 How Country Stores Are Affected by the Catalogue Houses. Bolivar, N. Y., correspondence N. Y. Sun. The country merchants of Western New York are to-day facing the hardest proposition they have ever encountered. If the city department stores continue to increase their mail order trade dur- ing the next three years at the same ratio as in the past year it is declared that at least 25 per cent. of the small country merchants will be forced out of business. Take the village of Bolivar, for ex- ample. It has 1,200 population and is the trading center for about 4,000 peo- ple. In the past eleven months $10,000 worth of goods from Chicago and New York department stores have been re- ceived at the freight and express office here. In addition, hundreds of dollars’ worth of goods have been received through the mails. This state of affairs prevails in almost every village in Western New York. At the freight office at Black Creek, in this county, a hamlet of 200 population, twenty-five stoves were received in the past eight months from Chicago depart- ment stores. Itis believed that not less than $100,000 of Allegany county money found its way to the department stores of Chicago and New York last year. The department stores on receipt of $1 will ship a tombstone properly let- tered, the balance, $9.85, and freight, to be paid to the freight agent on deliv- ery. This is one of the latest departures and has aroused the wrath of country monument dealers. No line of business in a country town is exempt from the competition of the department store. Up to within two years very few gro- ceries have been sold in Western New York by the Chicago stores, but now many farmers buy all their groceries in Chicago. A few days ago a farmer liv- ing out among the hills east of Bolivar sent a New York draft for $100 fora supply of groceries, and a_ neighbor of his sent a draft for $240 to pay fora cutter, harness, fanning mill and parlor suit. Last year 200 bicycles were shipped from city department stores to this county, most of them selling for $16. 50. In one Allegany county village the lo- cal merchants try to meet this competi- tion by selling at the department store catalogue prices. The local merchants say that the department stores sell for cash, whereas the country merchant is expected to carry his customers from thirty to ninety days. If the customer of the department store, they say, will add the cest of express or freight to the price of the goods purchased they will find that they make little or no saving over the cash prices that can be secured from the small town merchant. That is the country merchant's side of the story. If the men have the mail order habit they have a light attack in comparison with the women, who are the real friends of the department stores. Shoes, cloaks, hats, corsets, hosiery, dress goods, baby carriages, confectionery, perfumes, soaps, and a thousand other things are bought by mail. The de- partment store of the big cities is likely to cause a revolution in the methods of the small town merchants. It means fewer stores and better ones; more live merchants and fewer old-fashioned ones who insist that the trade of the people who live in the country about them is theirs by right of inheritance. > 0. ___. Use a slightly dampened cloth for dusting, so that it will collect instead of disperse the dust. B. C. Mansfield Driven to Failure by Bad Habits. B. C. Mansfield & Co., fish merchants at 135 South Division street, uttered a chattel mortgage on their stock and fix- tures to E. H. Long Jan. 21 in payment for alleged legal services. Two days later the firm uttered a trust mortgage to John J. Tweedale, as trustee for twenty-six creditors, whose claims ag- gregate $937.11, as follows: Nelson Morris & Co............ $ 22.00 W. J. Clarke & Son, Harbor. esi 167.00 Clark Can Co., Detroit.......... 95.26 W. H. McGee & Co., Baltimore, NE 78.00 Strohmeyer & Arpe, New York Cit SS SS 19.00 Dornbos & Bro., Grand Haven.. 24.00 J. Regez, Monroe, Wis.......... 23.23 H. M. Williams, Baltimore, Md. 21.00 W. Holmes & Cow). 000000000... 14.93 Kilbourn & Co., Grand Haven.. 6.40 J. Hl. Eimes, Chicago. 00... 5.20 DD. AL Trumpour Co., Bay City.. 24.77 W. S. Crosby, Norfolk, Wag 21.00 Avery Preserving Co., Detroit.. 11.00 Geo. Thompson, New York City 55-00 Baratara Canning Co., New Or- leans) ea 8.75 Rotherberger & Berger, Chicago 28.49 Arnold & Winsor, Boston....... 21.95 M., B. & W. Paper Cok 8.83 James Farr & Bro., Gloucester.. 41.58 Maas rose 148.22 Blanchard & Powell, Boston.... 45.50 Geo. S. Sloane, Chicago........ 4.80 Worden Grocer Co., Grand a g.00 C. H. Libby, Grand Rapids.. 7.20 H. J. Plett, Grand Rapids...... 18.00 Mr. Long ‘‘sold’’ his mortgage to the father of B. C. Mansfield, who proceeded to take goods out of stock for the amount of the claim thus acquired. Aparently, this did not leave over $50 worth of stock, from which Manstield was permitted to select his exemptions of $250. The failure is due primarily to the in- temperate habits of B. C. Mansfield, who has been a constant patron of the saloons for several months. Most of the indebtedness was incurred through the belief that Mrs. Marie Mansfield, mother of B. C. Mansfield, was the ‘‘Co.’’ of the concern. Such a statement was made by Mansfield in October, 1898, which he reiterated in May, 1899, and again on Nov. 23, 1900 If Mrs. Mansfield was a partner, the ac- counts against the firm are good. If she was not a partner, Mansfield can be ar- rested on a criminal charge of obtain- ing goods under false pretenses. —__~~ +. —____ Turned the Tables. Young Stone—I spoke to the chemist and he advised me that I should— Doctor (interrupting)—Oh, he gave you some idiotic advice, I suppose. Stone—He advised me to see you! Auto-Bi $200 Before the present century is 5 years old Motor Cycles and Automobiles will not be so much of a curiosity as at present. We predict a large sale for the above little machine. It is practical, safe, speedy, cheap. It costs less than ¥ cent per mile to run it. Agents wanted. Write for catalogue. ADAMS & HART 12 W. Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Lamberts salted Peanuts New Process NEW 'P ROC E> SALTED PEANUTS NEW PROCE se Ae PEANUTS | Makes the nut delicious, healthful and palatable. Easy to digest. Made from choice, hand-picked Spanish peanuts, They do not get rancid. Keep fresh. We guarantee them to keep in a salable condition. Peanuts are put up in at- tractive ten-pound boxes, a measuring glass in each box. A fine package to sell from. Large profits for the retailer, Manufactured by The Lambert Nut Food 60., Battle Greek, Mich. a cca tit a adnan” Big Tumble once before they are gone, 900000 In Tumblers! We offer 100 barrels tumblers to the trade at 15c a doz., 4 kinds banded, (one kind in each barrel), 22 doz. barrel, shipped from factory. Mail your orders at DeYoung & Schaafsma Importers and Manufacturers’ Agents Office and Salesrooms over 112 Monroe Street, Grand Rapids po0000 in to p9900000000000000000000000 0 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Around the State Movements of Merchants. Goodland—A. Furstenan has sold _ his general stock to W. H. Manning. Owosso—J. Floyd Tallmadge, confec- tioner, has removed to Saginaw. Howard City—Henry Finch, meat dealer, has sold out to Simon Thon. Owosso—Thos. V. Case, merchant tailor, has removed to Sault Ste. Marie. St. Johns—Wm. Crich, tinsmith and plumber, has sold out to J. J. Williams. Armada—Bert E. Wellman has pur- chased the drug stock of Erwin F. Phil- lips. lonia—Frank Hutchins has purchased the grocery stock of Eugene H. Cogs- well. Albion—Geo. B. Griffin succeeds Welling & Griffin in the hardware busi- ness. St. Johns—Richard Gray has pur- chased the grocery stock of Joseph Sim- mons, South Haven—Chas. R. Kenyon has purchased the meat market of J. Niffe- negger. Deerfield—J. G. Prentiss will shortly start a bank here—a much needed in- stitution. New port—Frank Lernes has purchased the general merchandise stock of Geo. M. Colburn. Wayland—Walter A. Truax has pur- chased the meat market of F. A. Bur- lington & Co, Whitehall—Joseph Bell has purchased the general merchandise stock of Mears & Sweningston. Calkinsville—Terry & Bayliss succeed Lewis & Terry in the agricultural im- plement business. Rose City—Hunnewell & Morse have sold their dry goods and grocery stock to W. L. Winning. Central Lake—L. M. McLaughlin has closed out his stock of meats and dis- continued business. Lennon—Fred G. Burleson is suc- ceeded by E. Haines in the agricultural implement business. Jackson—John F. Carlton has pur- chased the entire stock of the Carlton Implement & Seed Co. Saranac—J. P. Anderson & Co., agri- cultural implement dealers, have sold out to Thad. G. Mercer. Standish—M. Blumenthal has pur- chased the dry goods, clothing and shoe stock of Morris C. Baumgarth. Pontiac—Theo, W. Chaffee has _pur- chased the interest of his partner in the grocery firm of Marsh & Chaffee. Freeport—Nye Bros., furniture deal- ers, have dissolved partnership. The business will be continued by Frank H. Nye. Armada—E. F. Phillips has sold his drug stock to B. E. Wellman, of La- peer. Mr. Wellman formerly resided at this place. Chesaning—Otis Bettis has purchased the harness stock of Eli Reynolds. He will dispose of the stock and put ina line of boots and shoes. Blissheld—A. B. Hazzard & Co., dealers in implements, have dissolved partnership. The business will be con- tinued by A. B. Hazzard. Plainwell—Frank Scott has sold his interest in the Central meat market to Thos. Bachelor and has purchased stock in the J. F. Eesley Milling Co. St. Johns—Richard Gay has sold his drug business to Wyman & Worden, and purchased the grocery stock of Joseph Simmon. Mr. Simmon will go to the Pacific coast on account of poor health. Portland—The clothing firm of Allen & Gamble will shortly discontinue busi- ness at this place and will remove its stock to Saginaw early in March. Romeo—The clothing and men’s fur- nishing goods firm of Finsterwald Bros. has been dissolved. Louis Fins- terwald will continue the business. Sault Ste. Marie—J. Johnston has en- gaged in the general merchandise _busi- ness in the Martyn & Stuart block. The name of the new store is the Common- wealth. Central Lake—Smallegan & Smith, produce dealers, have purchased the agricultural implement stock of Geo. W. Dole and will continue business at both locations. Eaton Rapids—On Feb. 1 the cloth- ing stock of M. L. Clark & Co. will pass into the hands of a stock company and the business will be continued on a strictly cash basis. Lansing—Rouser Bros. have pur- chased the grocery stock and meat mar- ket at 717 and 719 Michigan avenue, east, which were formerly conducted by R. B. Shank & Co. Calumet—Wm. M. Gattis has pur- chased the interest of his partner in the confectionery and fruit business of Gat- tis & Bode, and will continue the busi- ness in his own name. Coloma—W. A. Baker has_ broken ground for the erection of a brick front business building, 56x70 feet, two stories high. A large public hall will occupy the upper story. Jerseyville—J. A. Hunt & Sons have merged their general stock into a lim- ited copartnership under the style of the Hunt Mercantile Co., Ltd. J. A. Hunt is chairman of the association. Ironwood—Albert and Frank Moore, who formerly conducted the grocery and meat business at this place under the style of Moore Bros., are going through bankruptcy at West Superior, Wis. Ravenna—S. L. Alberts & Co. have sold their carriage and implement stock to A. E. Barden, who for the past two years has managed Brown & Sehler's hardware and implement store at Conk- lin. Conklin—Harvey Bros. have sold their grocery stock to John W. Cazier and John H. Hoogstraat, who have di- vided the stock between them. Harvey Bros. will continue the hardware busi- ness. Harbor Srpings—Thomas Wilson, for- merly of Sherman, is now a member of the firm of Foster, Burk & Wilson, deal- ers in general merchandise here, having purchased a third interest in the busi- ness. Mason—Scott Lane, formerly of the New York Racket store, at Lansing, has sold his interest in the business to his partner, H. E. Knight, and has opened a similar line of goods at this place. Caledonia—W. O. Barber has sold his drug stock to John Paulson, who was engaged in the drug business at Grand Rapids in partnership with his brother, under the style of D. T. Paul- son & Co. Rowland—Hoover Bros., who were engaged in the general mercantile busi- ness and also operated a cheese factory, have dissolved partnership. Cyrus Hoover will continue the business in his own name. Pentwater—A. W. Newark, who suc- ceeded E. G. Maxwell several years ago aS manager of the Sands & Maxwell Lumber Co., has severed his connection with the company and returned to his home in Cadillac. Otsego—Darwin A. Drew will estab- lish a cold storage warehouse here early this spring in the annex of the hotel. The building is 26x50 feet in dimen- sions with an ice house in the rear 12x26 feet in dimensions. Holly—Byron S. Beatty, a retail gro- cer of this place, petitions to be ad- judged a bankrupt. He represents his assets at $1,675.65; his liabilities at $2,236.91; and claims that $250 worth of his property is exempt. Bad Axe—Frank W. Hubbard & Co. recently purchased the Elkton bank to add to their chain of banks in the Thumb. This gives them financial concerns at Bad Axe, Kinde, Caseville, Elkton, Sebewaing, Sanilac Center and Pigeon. Baldwin—Wm. Peck, of the Montague Hardware Co., Montague, has secured an option on two lots at this place, it being his intention to erect a two-story building with 50 feet front, in which he will put a line of hardware, furniture and undertakers’ goods. Manistee—The Parkdale general mer- chandise store, conducted by Ezra Clark, has been destroyed by fire. The family of Mr. Clark resided in a suite of rooms over the store. There was very little insurance and the Joss will amount to several thousand dollars. Holland—O. R. Johnson has_pur- chased the interest of his partners, Frank Delater and Leonard DeLoop in the O. R. J. Cigar Co. and has formed a copartnership with Geo. Plummer, of Douglas, who will have charge of the office and shipping department, while Mr. Johnson will continue on the road as traveling salesman. Clayton—Horace Crosby, who has been conducting a general store at this place for the past few years, has sold his stock to Hayes Hale, of Adrian, who will continue the business at the same location. Mr. Hale is a boot and shoe merchant at Adrian and intends to make this a branch store. Ludington—Local business men have decided to build a fruit and vegetable distributing warehouse in this city. Every year several hundred thousand bushels of fruit and vegetables are shipped from Mason county and the sorting and packing has heretofore been done by the growers themselves. It is the intention of the Ludington business men to make this town the distributing point for Mason county fruit and vege- tables and the work to be done in the warehouse will give employment to many men and boys. Manufacturing Matters, Big Rapids—Reynoids & Co. will be succeeded by the Big Rapids Door & Sash Co. Detroit—Feldman & Moscowitz suc- ceed Feldman, Moscowitz & Co. in the manufacture of hats and caps. Tower—The stave and heading mill owned by G. E. Kuchle has been closed on chattel mortgage for $6,000, Lake City—The Missaukee Manufac- turing & Mercantile Co. has been suc- ceeded by the Porter Morse Co. Cheboygan—The Cheboygan Hoop Co. is the style of the new concern which succeeds Michael McCarty. Port Huron—Chas. Sheldon is equip- ping a planing mill, sash and door fac- tory in the Old Commercial Tribune building. Lupton—The Decker & Doane Lum- ber Co. is putting in logs to stock its mill at this point. The Briggs & Cooper Lumber Co. stocked this plant the last two seasons, Atkinson—John K. Stack has sold his interest in the Metropolitan Lumber Co. to John Corcoran and T. G. Atkinson, of Escanaba. Cheboygan—D. C. Pelton has pur- chased 1,000,000 feet of standing timber located near Indian River. It will not be lumbered this winter. Indian River—The Indian River Stave Co. has erected a stave mill at this place, which will be stocked and started early in the spring. Cheboygan—Pelton & Reid have 2,000,000 feet of iogs on skids at their camps near Trout Lake. The firm has about twenty teams engaged in hauling logs. Jackson—Foote & Jenks have begun the erection of a brick and stone building, two stories and basement, 33x100 feet in dimensions, which they will occupy with their manufacturing perfumery bus- iness. Alpena—George Masters, F. Reib- enack and Capt. Ludington have leased the Luther shingle mill here and will operate the plant, beginning at once, as they own considerable timber which can be reached. Detroit—Williams Bros. & Charhon- eau, manufacturers of pickles, vinegar and table relishes, are succeeded by the Williams Bros. Co. The capital stock of the new concern is $150,000, of which Wm. H. Williams holds 7, 500 shares, Henry Williams 7,300 shares and Walter H. Williams 200 shares. Whitehall—The Erickson-Steffee Co. is the style of the new firm which has been organized to succeed Erickson, Steffee & Co. in the planing mill busi- ness and the manufacture of doors, sash and blinds. The new firm will also deal in coal, wood and building ma- terial. The capital stock is $20,000, Bay City—The Bay City Sugar Co. has completed its campaign and an- nounces the manufacture of 10,700,000 pounds of granulated sugar. It used over 52,000 tons of beets, which cost an aver- age of $5.15 per ton. The company paid the growers nearly $300,000. The average yield of the beets in saccharine was 14 per cent., the average produc- tion 9% tons to the acre. Evart—The directors of the Evart Creamery Association have signed a contract with Wm. Vance, of Tavistock, Ont., to operate the factory at Evart next summer. The factory will open on May 6, and make cheese during the summer and, if patronage enough is offered, the factory will be operated con- tinuously on butter or cheese, as the market seems to demand. ——_2s>2*>____ White Cloud Merchants in Line. From the White Cloud Business. An organization to be known as the White Cloud Business Men’s Associa- tion was inaugurated last week, hav- ing for its object the promotion of a more united and friendly feeling among the village merchants and to encourage the building of good roads leading to the village and the general building up and establishment of a good market. for all farm products. The Association will also lend its encouragement to the maintenance of good sidewalks and the setting out of shade trees; in fact, pro- mote and encourage all that tends to make our town a prosperous and grow- ing one. A good set of bylaws was adopted and officers were elected as follows: President—A. G. Clark. Vice-President—W. E. Barnhard. Secretary--Benj. Cohen. Treasurer—G, R. Rosenberg. This is a move in the right direction and we hope to see the Association firm- ood results efforts of such an or- ly established. None but can come from the ganization, Ww - >» = rr i, : » = ~ A sf al a - z = - @i_~ a ~~ _- gf y < ° a _ = mB J - 2 _— - bh - > a < > _ t =- a 4 ~ « ~~ = ns ‘oe rr - ¢ 9? \ ~ ia Eee f i oe “a a a, ee ~~» -— Soa | - 4 | iin a i t > —_ x - Ww > = , . e =: » a ~ al = i. z = - J a —_ - v y < ° =) cn » > J ~ 2 —_ = > > a < > — i = a 4 a = a a — i: ¥ > Cd 9? ( ~~. andy 7 | i oe in a Ey ce -> -— MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 5 Grand Rapids Gossip Harvey Wonderly has engaged in the wholesale hardwood business. Barth & Warren, druggists at 674 Wealthy avenue, have removed to 668 Wealthy avenue. B. A. Kinyon has opened a grocery store at 400 South East street, purchasing his stock of the Musselman Grocer Co. A. Ruby has engaged in the grocery business at Slocum’s Grove. The stock was furnished by the Ball-Barnhart-Put- man Co. John Pauison has retired from the drug firm of D. T. Paulson & Co. at 427 East Bridge street, having pur- chased the drug stock of W. O. Barber, at Caledonia. The business will be continued under the same style. The annual banquet given under the auspices of the Grand Rapids Retail Grocers’ Association Monday evening was largely attended and proved to be fully as enjoyable as the two previous banquets held by the organization. 2 —_ Hides. Pelts, Furs, Tallow and Wool. Hides have slumped heavily the past week and large sales have been made for future delivery. The tendency is to crowd sales and clean up _ holdings. Stocks to come later will be of a poor quality and less in value. Nothing but a small supply will advance prices. Pelts are slow in changing hands and stocks are accumulating. Furs are in good demand, with a slight advance in some kinds. London sales were satisfactory and good goods brought full values. Tallow shows a weakness on off grades, while prime stock holds its own. The outlook for soapers’ stock is for lower values. Wool is dormant. Sales are small and there is little doing. Prices are below a profitable point for grower and dealer and also much below an_ importing point. Manufacturers do not seem in- clined to buy except at the low point, and holders are firm. An Eastern buyer in the State last week returned home without securing a pound. The wool lofts of factories are empty and Eastern dealers have but little fleece to offer. The coming of the new clip does not scare holders, who claim that they are ready to take it when it comes. Wm. T. Hess. ——_> 22> The Produce Market. Apples—The market is steady but weak, fancy fruit commanding $2.25 @3. Bananas—Prices range from $1.25@ 1.75 per bunch, according to size. Beets—$1 per bbl. Butter—Factory creamery is in mod- erate demand at 2oc and choice to fancy dairy is finding an outlet at about 12 4c, at which price local handlers have been able to move considerable quantities. The glutted condition of the past four weeks is gradually disappearing under the intluence of lower prices. Cabhage—so@6oc per doz. Carrots—$1 per bbl. Celery—Scarce at 30c per bunch, Cider—13c per gal. for sweet. Cranberries—Jerseys have declined to $2.75 per bu. box and $8.50 per bbl. Eggs—Receipts are very liberal and teat dealers meet with no ‘difficulty in obtaining. 17@18c for carefully candled fresh stock. Candling is necessary on account of the large amount of shrunken eggs the farmers are working into their offerings of fresh. Game—Loca! handlers pay $1.20 per doz. for gray and fox squirrels. Com- mon cottontail rabbits are taken readily at 70@8o0c per doz. Belgian hares com- mand 8@Ioc per lb. for dressed. Grape Fruit—75c@$1 per doz. ; $6.50 per hox. Hickory Nuts—$2@2.25 per bu. Honey—Fancy white is scarce, but the demand is slow. Prices range from 15@16c. Amber goes at 14@15c and dark buchwheat is slow sale at 10@I2c. Lemons—Californias continue steady at $3.25 for 300s and $3 for 360s. Lettuce—Hothouse stock is stronger _ higher, commanding 15c per Ib. for eaf. Limes—$1.25 per 100; $1@1.25 per box. Lima Beans—7c per Ib. Onions—Dry are strong and have ad- vanced to $1. Spanish are slow sale at $1.60 per crate. Oranges—Floridas are in_ plentiful supply at $2.50 for all sizes. Californias range from $2.50 for choice to $3 for fancy. Pears—Cold storage Kiefers are in limited demand at 75c per bu. Pop Corn—$I per bu. Potatoes—The market is firm and steady on the basis of 28@32c at the principal outside buying points. Poultry—Turkeys are in better de- mand and chickens and ducks are in only fair demand. Local dealers pay as follows: Spring ‘turkeys, 1o@rIc; old, 8@gc; spring chickens, 9@toc; fowls, 7%@8c; spring ducks, g@1oc—old not wanted at any price; spring geese, 8@ gc—old not wanted. Sweet Potatoes—$2.50 for Virginias and $3.50 for Jerseys. Squash—2zc per |b. for Hubbard. Turnips—$1 per bbl. oe Failure of the Collins Colored Hook & Eye Co. The Collins Colored Hook & Eye Co. uttered a trust mortgage Monday to Ed- gar A. Maher, as trustee for twenty-five creditors, whose claims aggregate $8,710.80. The names of the creditors and the amount owing each are as fol- lows: Old National Bank............ $4, 550.00 PE Coliseo 76.25 Oscar Allyn 3.000006 199. 63 Po ME Sennen oe 32.30 Me) Taneon yee. 28.95 American Pin Co............. 956.21 Grand Rapids Lithograph Co. 496.00 Fred Macey Co............... 17.98 McLean Publishing Co........ 30. 00 Butterworth & Lowe.......... 14.97 Waggoner Watchman Clock Co. 173.31 Rapid Hook & Eye Co........ 199.97 Lord & Phomas............._. 581.56 Textile Publishing Co......... I, 000.00 Bradstreet Colo. e 65.00 Grand Rapids Paper Box Co.. 174.90 E. G. Reynolds..... Se La 11.67 Grand Rapids Slate Co........ 17.00 Wm. Alden Smith............. 100. 00 BK Saisnuaye 50.00 H. Grinnell & Son... 2... .5.. 87.75 C. W. Watkins & Co.......... 17.00 We NE Elmer 3.75 @. OF; Commer. el. 4.20 UG. Clarke oa 2.40 The failure has been anticipated for some time, owing to the weakness of the management. 0 New Hands at the Helm. At the annual meeting of the stock- holders of the Worden Grocer Co., the old directors were re-elected with the exception of W. L. Freeman, whose place on the Board was taken by E. C. Winchester. The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as foliows: President—A. J. Daniels. Vice-President—N. Fred Avery. Secretary—Guy M. Rouse. Treasurer—W. F. Blake. Last year Mr. Daniels was Vice-Pres- ident and W. L. Freeman was Presi- dent. Ed. C. Winchester will assume the position of buyer Feb. 1, succeeding W. L. Freeman, who will remain with the house two or three months until the new buyer becomes thoroughly familiar with the duties of his position. —___>22—___ For Gillies’ N. Y. tea, all kinds, grades and prices. Visner, both phones. The Grocery Market. Sugar—The raw sugar market is weaker, prices having declined 1-16c, making the price of 96 deg. test cen- trifugals now 4%c. Having ample sup- plies on hand for the present and with increased offerings in view from Cuba refiners are not buying very heavily at present prices. The refined market re- mains quiet. Lower prices for raws and the fact that jobbers are quite well supplied for their present requirements, cause an inactive market and prices are unchanged. Canned Goods—The general canned goods market has taken on no new con- ditions since last week except in the tomato situation. The market has made a slight decline and the low price has stimulated buying and some large lots have changed hands. It is stated that there were more tomatoes sold during the past week than at any time since last October, and this indicates that jobbers have permitted their stocks of tomatoes to run down to a very low ebb. The consumption of tomatoes is very large,and buyers seem to have increased confidence in them at the present low range of prices. A continuation of the present demand may cause a reaction from the existing low prices sooner than any one now anticipates. Prices on the new pack have not been named yet, but are expected very soon. The corn market does not improve, but rather keeps in line with the course taken by tomatoes up to the past week. The best grades of corn are all, or practically all, in the hands of the jobbers, and the stock now offered is the cheap variety, which, even during an active season, is continually fluctuating. There is quite a little interest taken in future corn and it is meeting with a fairly good de- mand. Peas on the sput meet witha good demand. As _ is usual during February and March, there will be this year heavy buying of all the different sizes. Of course, there will be suffi- cient quantity of the cheap grades of all sizes, but there is a decided scarcity of the early packing of the best quality. Prices are very firmly held. Prices on the new pack have been made by some Wisconsin, New York State and Indiana packers, but the trade as yet takes very little interest in peas. Wisconsin pack- ers are inclined to go very slow about putting out quotations and some will not name prices until they can get some idea as to what their probable pack will be. Of string and lima beans there is not anything now to say. The price of limas is high, which, of course, curtails the consumption of them. String beans, however, are low, but even at the low price there doesn’t appear to be the usual demand for this line of goods. Peaches are in fair demand at un- changed prices. Standard peaches are scarce. The stocks held by the Balti- more packers are less than is generally supposed, and if the exact condition of the market for both the standard and extra standards was known, there would most assuredly be an improvement in values, although the demand at this time for these grades of peaches is light. Gallon apples are slightly firmer and are meeting with a good demand. Salmon continues easy with a light de- mand. Oysters are in fair demand at slightly lower prices. There is a per- ceptible increase in the regular every- day run of orders coming in for assorted lots, which is usually the forerunner of greater activity in all of the staple lines. With seasonable weather all over the country the canned goods market would probably show greater activity. Dried Fruits—There is no change in the situation in dried fruits, except that the market is, if anything, even duller than it has been. There is, of course, the usual number of small orders for immediate wants, but that is about all. Prunes are very easy, but there is some slight demand for 60-70s and 100-120s, probably due to their being offered at low prices and the fact that jobbers’ stocks of these grades are not very heavy. Sizes 40-50s and 50-60s are very dull. The stock of prunes in the hands of the Cured Fruit Association is some- thing enormous and it is very unlikely that it can all be marketed in this coun- try this season. It will either have to be experted or carried over until next season. The demand for raisins is very light, but lower prices on seeded and some other grades have been made and it is expected the trade will take hold more readily at the low prices. Apri- cots and peaches are steady and in mod- erate demand. There is a slightly firmer feeling on apricots, stocks of which are very light. Dates are dull and easy in tendency. There is a good demand for currants at unchanged prices. Rice—The rice market continues firm and most dealers report an improved demand. Sales, however, are of only small lots as buyers generally are not purchasing supplies in advance of reg- ular daily requirements. Foreign grades rule firm and are in limited supply. There is considerable interest shown in advices regarding the crops soon to be entered upon. Reports from Bengal in- dicate a short crop of Patna, which has hardened holders’ views. Tea—The tea market is firm and there is an advance of %c per pound on some grades. Prices are gradually showing increased steadiness. Holders have more confidence and no inclination is shown to market supplies, full prices being asked for all grades. There was an improved enquiry from all quarters and buyers show more inclination to purchase. Molasses—The molasses market is very firm and scme dealers have ad- vanced their prices Ic per gallon. Spot supplies are moderate and all grades are very firmly held. There is a large sale of molasses in cans at present anda large number of orders for molasses are filled with the goods put up in this style of package. Rolled Oats—This market shows an advance of 1oc per barrel and 5c per case. ee Four Members of One Family in One House. The Cappon & Bertsch Leather Co. must be dead in love with the Otis fam- ily, judging by the number of gentle- men by that name who are now iden- tified with the institution. Albert D. Otis took the management of the local end of the business several years ago and has succeeded in expand- ing the operations, territory and sales to a remarkabie degree, making a record as manager of which any busi- ness man might well be proud. Albert D. Otis, Jr., represents the house as traveling salesman in Southern Michigan. Harry S. Otis occupies a position in- side as house salesman and shipping clerk. George Otis, who has been with the Grand Rapids Piano Case Co. for some time past, has lately taken the position of book-keeper. Few institutions with which the Tradesman is familiar can boast of hav- ing a father and three sons in their em- ploy. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MEN OF MARK. E. G. Studley, President Grand Rapids Felt Boot Co. If the castled Rhine is the river of German inspiration, the uncastled Hud- son is the stream which stands for much that enters largely into the American life and character. No one who has floated down the German river, bor- dered with vineyards and haunted with song and legend, can fail to see its vir- tues retlected in the earnest hearts that sing of the Fatherland, and that man and that woman whose childhood has passed within sight and sound and in- fluence of the stream that Hendrik Hudson found and named take with them, wherever they go, something of the attributes that have made that valley the fairest that the sun looks down upon. The little village of Cloverack, N. Y., while not on the bank of the Hud- son, is still not far away from it and there, within the region of the Catskills —so near, indeed, that his slumbers were often disturbed by the tenpins of the Hudson crew—Elbridge Gerry Stud- ley was born, December 6, 1848, of an- cient and honored New England par- entage. Cloverack has long been known as an educational center and here before the modern high school had reached its present excellence was erected one of the old-time seminaries, which, in some respects, have never been surpassed and never equaled. They took boys and girls in the rough and, after three years of faithful service, made them not only educated men and women, but gentle- folk and Christian gentlefolk as well. At this institute Mr. Studley received his schooling—not hastily, after the modern method, with an occasiona] cut across lots, but with that leisure which gives scholarship its name. He remained at the old seminary until he was Ig years of age,and then, doffing the gown of the scholar for the business suit, he went to New York in 1867 and entered the em- ploy of Henry G. Norton & Co., the company being a cousin of Mr. Studley. which house was the largest in New York at that time engaged in the rub- ber goods business. He remained with the firm two years and in the fall of 1869 went West to Chicago, where he became a part of the force of Hallock & Wheeler, a rubber goods firm of that city, whose house was destroyed by the great fire of 1871, He was with Hallock & Wheeler until 1873; for two years was with the firm of E. D. Preston & Co., of New York, until 1875,when he came to Grand Rap- ids for the house and opened a store for the sale of rubber goods. A year later he became the owner of the store, which was located at 87 Monroe street. After three years in that locality he moved to 13 Canal street, where the Western Union Telegraph Co.’s office is now. In 1886, something over fourteen years ago, the firm of Studley & Barclay moved into its present quarters at 4 Monroe street. In addition to a full line of rubber goods, the firm manufactures leather belting and handles a complete line of mill supplies. It is the American idea, after having settled down, to see what can be done to better the existing condition of things. Remaining stationary is incip- ient decline—an unpleasant suggestion of Rip Van Winkle’s nap—and when, in 1880, there was a chance of doing something in the expansion line, Mr. Studley went to Reed City and pur- chased the first felt boot factory estab- lished in this country. He subsequently removed the business to this city, merg- ing the enterprise into a corporation un- der the style of the Grand Rapids Felt Boot Co. For many years the factory was located in the building on Mill street now occupied by the Michigan Vapor Stove Co., but about five years ago a site was purchased on the corner of Godfrey avenue and Market street and a large building erected with spe- cial reference to the requirements of the business, which has expanded in the meantime to enormous _ proportions, About a year ago Mr. Studley convinced his associates that there was money in the manufacture of rubber boots and shoes and immediately entered upon the work of erecting and equipping one of the most complete and up-to-date fac- tories of the kind in the country. This factory began operations late in the fall and its output is meeting with the cor- and a member of its Executive Board. From certain indications not at all undesirable to see, it is plain that Mr. Studley is not overanxious to sit at his desk all day and take home with him whatever business remains undone when it is time to gotodinner. The door that closes upon the day’s toils opens upon the social side of life and Mr. Studley is not deaf to its calls and de- mands. There is patriotic blood in his veins. The old river, rippling from the land of legend to the sea, has a story to tell that stirs men’s blood as it lin- gers and loiters about old Cro’ Nest and through the region where treason did its worst in the struggle for American independence. To that story the in- herited patriotism of Mr. Studley de- lights to listen and, when the Sons of the American Revolution was organized, he became its Vice-President. Club life has made demands upon him, and these dial reception of the trade wherever in- troduced. A recent visit to the establishment was full of interest. To follow the gum as it comes from the tree through tbe various transformations until it is ready for wear can not be done ina hurry and the time given to it—be it long or short—will not be counted as lost. With this factory to keep him awake, Mr. Studley, as President, Treasurer and General Manager, isin no danger of go- ing to sleep, even with a draught from that same flagon which played the mischief with poor old Rip. There are other business matters which claim and receive Mr. Studley’s attention. We find him among the di- rectors of the Old National Bank. He has been one of the Board of Trade since its organization, either as director or other office, every year but ‘one since its existence began; and the Citizens Telephone Co, has made him a director he has never failed to meet. If you go to the Lakeside Club, he is there. If he is looked for at the Country Club he is there. ‘If one takes the wings of the morning and follows the Golf Club, there, too, will Mr. Studley be found with his golf stick ready to assert his personality among the game’s stalwart defenders. April 6, 1875, Mr. Studley was married to Miss Ida M. Beatty, the daughter of a Chicago merchant. There are two daughters at home. The elder finished her education at the Mary Burnham Classical Institute at New Hampton, Mass. The younger is a student at Vas- sar. The residence of the family is at 64 North Prospectstreet. They worship at the First Church of Christ (Scientist), ——_ »0->___ Sawdust mixed with glue makes an excellent filling for cracks in old floors. Smooth witha knife after applying, and the cracks will scarcely be noticed. Sensible Suggestion Regarding the Filing of Chattel Mortgages. C. E. McCrone, local agent for R. G. Dun & Co., has issued the following let- ter to the credit men of his district : The existing laws in this State relat-’ ing to the filing of chattel mortgages and bills of sale could be changed to the advantage of those extending credit. The law requires these documents to be filed in the city, town or village where the mortgaged property is situated and, as there are over 2,000 towns or post- offices in this State and more than 1,000 townships, it requires no draft of imag- ination to comprehend the vast army of city, town and village clerks who are obliged to handle and file papers of this nature. A large number of credit men depend solely on the mercantile agen- cies to inform them when a customer places a chattel mortgage on his stock, machinery or other property, and while the agencies spare neither time nor money in their efforts to obtain and diffuse that most necessary class of in- formation, their efforts are frequently unsuccessful for various reasons, among them being the disinclination of town clerks to furnish the agencies with record items: first, for political reasons ; second, because mortgagee is a relative or warm personal friend, whose credit they do not wish to injure ; third, deny- ing to regular correspondents of the agencies that mortgages are filed. Quite frequently town clerks are farmers with- in a few miles of the village and not easy of access to correspondents. A law should be passed requiring the filing of chattel mortgages and bills of sale at the county seat in the county where the property is situated the same as real es- tate deeds, mortgages, contracts, judg- ments, etc, and, as there are but eighty- four counties in the State, special ar- rangements could be made with each County Clerk or correspondent located at a county seat by which all items of this nature would be reported by wire to the agencies daily, or twice each day if necessary. The changing of existing conditions at this time is of the utmost importance to creditors, because a chat- tel mortgage, if on file and unknown to creditors for four months prior to bank- Tuptcy proceedings, would not be re- garded as a preference under the Na- tional bankruptcy law, to say nothing of the possible large additional loss a creditor might sustain by granting further credit to a customer whose stock was chattel mortgaged, and of which the creditor had no knowledge until the failure occurred. I believe the time is now ripe on the part of grantors of credit generally, not only in the city of Grand Rapids, but throughout the State, to make an effort to have this law changed by introducing a bill in the present session of the Leg- islature requiring that all chattel mort- gages and bills of sale be filed at the county seat. If this can be accom- plished, 1 believe it safe to predict that the agencies will report promptly on the day of filing every chattel mortgage, etc., filed in Michigan. This would Surround the jobber with a protection never before enjoyed in this State and one of inestimable value. This law is now in operation in every state in the Union except Connecticut, Minnesota, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, New Hamp- shire, New York, Ohio and Michigan. In Illinois, for instance, the law re- quires that chattel mortgages and bills of sale be filed with the County Re- corder and there is no good reason why, by concerted action on the part of grantors of credit, sucha law can not be passed in Michigan. The Tradesman finds nothing to con- demn and everything to commend in the above suggestion. The present sys- tem is cumbersome and unsatisfactory and there is no good reason why it should not be supplanted by a system more in keeping with the progressive Spirit of the times. oo A lie may go a league, while truth gets his boots on; but truth, when he does get started, is never caught with. out his socks, 4 7 ~ Rr f ¥ aw 4 F 34 a a 7— a 3: a = > - - dz~ v * @ » - >» _ 2 - 2 h 4 > & - ~ « ' gw ae { 7 F e { o. ‘9 a i — - ~~ >» t=" fl [= > we ew VS , fm & ee ee ee ee ee ee ee MICHIGAN TRADESMAN The Meat Market English Method of Curing Ham and Bacon. The whole work of the curing factory depends upon the proper chilling and cooling of the meat, and the maintain- ing of a constant temperature of 40 to 42 deg. Fahrenheit in the cellar. It is, therefore, altogether desirable that much attention should be given to the selec- tion of a refrigerating machine, and when selected it should be in duplicate if possible ; also in chill rooms and cel- lars there should always be a duplicate system of cold air circulation and cold brine storage. The old style was to put a large store of ice—say several hundred tons—over the cellar, and from the cold produced as the ice melted the tem- peratures were kept low. But that sys- tem with all its difficulties has passed away, and given place to the modern system of refrigerating machinery. When the sides have been cooled down to 38 deg. Fahrenheit they are run along the bars into the cellar through a door from the chill room to the cellar, and then the process of curing really begins. The process of curing or salting bacon is a very simple one, but it is also a thoroughly scientific one. The follow- ing is a description of the process in somewhat technical language, but it conveys. actually what takes place: ‘*Salting, as commercially practiced, is a process of osmosis or diffusion; a crystalloid applied externally, either as a solid or in strong solution, diffuses in- to the interior, while the soluble al- buminous matters pass out into the brine. Soluble mineral salts,and sugar, also act as partial desiccators by their affinity for water. The flesh is deprived of a great part of its putrescent constit- uents, but at the same time loses a cor- responding nutritive value (Liebig esti- mated the loss at one-third to one-half), and: leaves nearly insoluble fibrinoids, partially hardened and less digestible.”’ Deprived of technicalities, this simply means that we destroy a certain propor- tion of the meat in order to preserve the remainder, and in the process we render the remainder more difficult of assimi- lation than it was when fresh. Salted or cured meat therefore, are less valuable as food than fresh meats. But as it is im- possible to conduct the human economy on fresh meats it is not likely that a general knowledge of this fact would alter the consumption. The displacement of the albuminous compounds referred to is termed ‘‘cur- ing,’’ and is carried out thus: The sides are laid on benches and pumped in about seventeen places with a pickle testing 100 deg. on the (Douglas) salin- ometer at 60 deg. Fahrenheit. The pumping pressure should be forty pounds per square inch, as indicated on an ordinary pressure gauge. The sticks of the pump needle are all into the fleshy parts, the thin flank not being pumped at all. The pickle used con- sists of fifty-five pounds salt, five pounds saltpetre, five pounds antiseptic and (in winter only) five pounds of pure cane sugar. These ingredients are made up to twenty gallons with fresh water and stirred until the whole is dissolved. The pickle is then allowed to settle until clear, and is better if it is boiled and skimmed. In any case the clear pickle is run into the cellar, and is not used until it is of exactly the same temperature as the cellar. Imme- diately after the sides are pumped they are laid down rind downwards and cov- ered lightly with an equal mixture of dry antiseptic and fine saltpetre. On top of this is laid a heavy layer of salt. The sides are ‘‘stacked’’ one on top of the other, and the thin flank, or belly portion, is kept up by means of oak staves. The pickle, therefore, which naturally forms, collects in a sort of sau- cer formed by the ribs. The stacks are not meddled with until their cure is complete, which is in ten days for nine score, and twelve days for ten score pigs. After that time in salt the bacon is ‘‘struck,’’ and according to the mar- ket to be supplied is drained, washed, trimmed and sent off. Much of the bacon consumed in Eng- land is smoked,and many factories have facilities forsmoking. The smoke stoves want a good deal of watching and care, and should always be under a competent man. Cured bacon is drained from seven to ten days, and is then washed, wiped and trimmed. It is next dusted over with pea meal, and hung in the smoke stove for three days at a tempera- ture of 85 deg. Fahrenheit. The smok- ing material used is oak sawdust. After the bacon is smoked it is packed up in bales with clean barley or wheaten straw between each side and is sent out. When the bacon reaches the provision shops it is cut up into recognized sections; there, so far as we are concerned, its history ends. An equaily important industry with bacon-curing is ham-curing. This in- dustry is limited in England, because of the difficulty of getting rid of the remainder of the carcasses. The two legs forming the hams bring a very high price by themselves, more especially in Paris. It therefore pays well enough to dismember the pig and convert it in- to hams, Cumberland cut bacon, rolls, etc. Hams require very careful treat- ment. The cure is on precisely the same principle as bacon curing, and the same curing materials are used. But if taint is to be avoided ‘‘purging’’ has to be done, so as to get rid of blood in the blood vein. The general rule so far as time for curing is concerned is to allow one day to every pound weight, adding on three clear days for *‘ purg- ing.’’ In most bacon factories where hams are cured they are dried also, an- other operation which is conducted very slowly at a temperature of 80 ceg. Fah- renheit. If pale dried hams are wanted quickly they are dried in the smoke stoves at a temperature of 95 deg. Fah- renheit for three days. L. M. Douglas. —__»> 0. Has Invaded the Land of Beer and Wine. The consumption of beer in Germany has doubled in the past twenty years. It is now said to be 125 litres a yeara head of the whole population. In France, on the other hand, wine is the national beverage ; and the use of it is more extensive than ever since the recovery of the country from the rav- ages of phylloxera. Notwithstanding the increased use of beer in Germany and of wine in France, both countries are going into the busi- ness of manufacturing and drinking cider. France has made cider for many years, but it is almost a new industry in Germany. Both nations like cider and are drinking more and more of it, although the increasing quantity does not seem to diminish the consumption of their national beverages. In three months beginning with Sep- tember last 4,100 carloads of apples ar- rived at Stuttgart alone for the cider mills of that city. Some of the apples were raised in Germany, most of them in Baden and the Rhine provinces, but a far larger number came from other countries. Belgium and Holland sent 1,115 carloads, France 1,208, Austria- Hungary 340, Italy 670, and even far- away Spain contributed forty carloads. As each load of apples was worth about $250, the three months’ shipments to the Stuttgart cider mills represented a large sum of money. These statistics apply only to one city, and there are many other towns in Germany that are active in cidermaking. The business is said to be developing most rapidly through- out Wurtemberg. While Germany imports most of her cider apples, France raises her own supply. Quite a number of the North- ern and Central Departments have planted many thousands of apple trees in the past few years. The cider crop comes from sixty-five Departments, but | | more than half of it is derived from Normandy and Brittany. Nearly all the cider is for home consumption and the imports amount to very little. The cider mills of France are now turning out over 150,000,000 gallons of cider a year; so bet ween wine and cider all French- men of high or low degree have plenty to drink without recourse to any con- siderable quantity of water. ——_—~>2 +> ___. A Substitute for Benzine. Consular Report from Germany. For years a substitute for benzine has been in demand. The objectionable points about benzine are its high inflam- mability and volatility, the danger of poisoning the atmosphere, etc. This was one of the chief topics of discussion at last year’s chemical congress at Han- over, and this fall the subject came up once more at the meeting at Cassel, when a premium of about $250 was offered for an effectual substitute for benzine, or for means of rendering it less dangerous. Here is a good chance for American genius. Windows Steam? It’s a nuisance which our preparation will re- move. Your windows will remain clear as erys- tal. Have put it into practical use ourselves for along time. Guaranteed to do all we claim for it. Easily applied. Price $1.00 postpaid. B. R. SMITH, Box 695, Marshall, Mich. Bryan Show Cases Always please. Write for handsome new catalogue. Gryan Show Case Works, Brvan, Ohio. | 2Oc sian certs tne IGAS LIGHT / equal to 10 or 12 coal oil lamps | anywhere if you will get the jeraceteree Brilliant Gas Lamp. } Brilliant Gas Lamp Co., 42 State, Chicago | C e = & oJ Zz aa <; CHOCOLATE AND COCOA Guaranteed Absolutely Pure. Direct from Manufacturer to Retailers. In localities where jobbers do not handle our line, we will sell direct to retailers in order to introduce our goods more thoroughly. Will you write today for descriptive circulars and special prices “— trial orders? MBROSIA CHOCOLATE CO., Milwaukee, Wis. -ELEGGROTYPES DUPLICATES OF a NGRAVINGS « %eTYPE FORMS, TRADESMAN Co... GRAND RAPIDS. MICH. i. The price of | | get quality. GRAND |} Perhaps fF =~ you want some unique 1 style in printing—something | | different than others. | us place you with thousands a of other satisfied patrons. ee must be higher if you count quality, but be careful where | you go for good printing— 4 | Tradesman | Company, COOL RAPIDS, Let good printing [|——+ os MICHIGAN |_| __ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Dee Sas ¥ Devoted to the Best Interests of Business Men Published at the New Blodgett Building, Grand Rapids, by the TRADESMAN COMPANY One Dollar a Year, Payable in Advance. Advertising Rates on Application. Communications invited from practical business men. Correspondents must give their full names and addresses, not necessarily for pub- lication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Subscribers may have the mailin address of their —— changed as often as desired. No paper discontinued, except at the option of the proprietor, until all arrearages are paid. Sample copies sent free to any address. Entered at the Grand Rapids Past Office as Second Class mail matter. When writing to any of our Advertisers, please say that you saw the advertise- ment in the Michigan Tradesman. Ee. A. STOWE, Epiror. WEDNESDAY, - - JANUARY 30, 1901. STATE OF MICHIGAN County of Kent ae John DeBoer, being duly sworn, de- poses and says as follows: am pressman in the office of the Tradesman Company and have charge of the presses and folding machine in that establishment. I printed and folded 7,000 copies of the issue of Jan. 23, I901, and saw the edition mailed in the usual manner. And further deponent saith not. John DeBoer. Sworn and subscribed before me, a notary public in and for said county, this twentysixth day of January, Igot. Henry B. Fairchild, Notary Public in and for Kent County, Mich. MODERN IDEAS. It begins to look as if this country’s crowning glory for the twentieth century is to be the realization of the eighteenth century's dream. The end and aim of the landholder of the older date was to make his estate Supporting in every possible way. The fields must be made to yield an abundant living; but there was no thrift where there was only that. Whatever was furnished by the foreign market stood against the farm and he who from his home-acres learned to produce the foreign article, or, what was better, something to take its place, was looked upon asa benefactor. So the farm furnished the bread and the meat; the flax and the wool was not only home grown, homespun and home woven but homemade. A_ blacksmith was often a home belonging. ** Journey- man’’ was a term of distinctive mean- ing and just in proportion as a farmer became ‘‘independent’’ so the farmer was free from anything which a foreign country could supply. The factory and the machine shop have long since broken in upon the New England farm life, which has long since ceased to be provincial only that it may the sooner become national, and the hope that is now, and for some years has been, cheering the popular heart is that this country at an early day will be able from its own resources to supply its most exacting wants. For decades the progress in the line of manufacture has been swift and certain. The grain fields filling the home bins have run over into foreign storehouses. Silk, which was long looked upon as an article impos- sible to manufacure here, is manufac- tured nowhere better. Tropical fru’ts unsurpassed in quality and quantity are now home grown. The epicure can no longer detect the superior properties of the Old World wines; and so one after another of the old-time impossibles has become the common, everyday occur- rence, every one of them bringing the United States a little nearer to that ideal period when it is to realize the eigh- teenth century’s dream. The last commercial impossible to succumb to the patient determination of the North American is tea. China, with the perversity of her race, has long indulged the belief that she alone can furnish the world its universal bever- age. That same belief has been ac- cepted by the generality of mankind. Attempt after attempt has been made to prove the contrary, but to little purpose. The existing conditions of climate, of soil, of culture have been carefully studied from time to time and experi- ments made to secure in this country corresponding results; but to little pur- pose. There was tea, hut not the tea; and only that is what the experimenter is after. The ‘‘not quite’’ has constant- ly attended him; but he, perverse as his Chinese rival, has continued to in- sist and, if a report can be trusted, South Carolina is to be the scene of the latest activity to make the United States dependent no longer upon a foreign country for one of the largest articles of import. An immense tract of land, meeting as closely as possible the needed conditions of location and cli- mate, has been purchased and an in- dustry has been started that is expected to yield 300,000 pounds of tea annually after the ground has been prepared. There are the most cheering prospects of success. Everything that care and patience can foresee has already been done and, with unlimited capital and business ability, combined with the needed experience, it does seem as if the expected result is to be only a ques- tion of time and that not a long one. The fear of America by the nations of Europe as a recent number of the Tradesman _ has affirmed is not fanciful. It is more and more apparent how ex- haustless are this country’s natural re- sources and more and more remarkable, if not astounding, is the development made by this country in every form of industry. If the tea-raising becomes a fact it will be only a repetition of what Europe has seen too often for her own happiness during the last quarter of a century. Starting out with the idea a hundred years ago that this country was to remain agricultural, she has seen it developing in every direction and real- izing more and more the colonial Jand- holder’s ideal of independence. There is no doubt that Europe’s fears are well grounded. Every day, one after an- other, the unattainable is falling into line. The surrender of tea will be fol- lowed by something else equally sur- prising ; and when some day in Europe’s opinion, the worst has come to the worst, it will be found that this country has only carried out the old thought which she caught first from the long- headed manager of the American estate during and preceding the eighteenth century. a ————— Wisconsin is talking of imposing a tax of $10 a year on bachelors. Any tax in such case to be effective should be a progressive tax—the older the bachelor the worse the offense and the more incorrigible the offender. And old maids should be taxed, too—they are often ridiculously too hard to please. essen en The growing importance of Australia as an outlet for American cotton goods is shown by the unusually large ship- ment of 348 packages last week from American ports to Sydney and Mel- bourne, THE HOME MISSION FIELD. While we are now witnessing in China the fruits of the efforts to plant Chris- tianity in that ancient empire through hundreds of mission stations which have been maintained by the contribu- tions of Christian people in this and other lands, the reports of the abandon- ment of churches in the United States are peculiarly interesting and significant. It is known in a general way to al- most all intelligent people that there are thousands of communities in this country where the gospel is heard only at rare intervals. Thousands of locali- ties are found where there are no church buildings or established places of wor- ship. But these are portions of the country where places of worship have never been established. They are visited occasionally by evangelists, and in most cases, possibly, Sunday schools have been held in the ordinary school houses. We can understand these con- ditions and appreciate the reasons for them. It is something, however, for more serious consideration when we hear that churches once in a flourishing condition have been abandoned and the people left without regular religious in- struction. In an address in New York the other day to the Methodist ministers the Rev. Dr. Bates, of Boston, made these re- markable statements: There are 600 churches in New Eng- land closed up to-day, and there are 200 in New York State closed, although once the gospel of Jesus Christ was preached in them. It is said the old men are dead and that the enterprising young men are going to the cities, That may be true, but still there are people there, who should have the word preached to them. If this thing keeps on there will soon be more souls in need of salvation in this country than in China. This is not the first time this decay of the churches in New England and the East has been pointed out. It looks like a relapse of Christianity into pa- ganism or of civilization into barbar- ism. And it is ‘‘keeping on.’’ The Christian congregations do not like to be lectured by the secular press. They are somewhat like the farmers who make it a virtue to resent the advice of the horny-handed sons of toil in the newspapers. And yet we believe they all could profit by listening occasionally to disinterested observers on the out- side. The missionaries who have been tempting fate in China,and incidentally creating some exceedingly grave inter- national complications, could be ac- complishing more substantial good if they were filling these 800 abandoned churches in New England and New York or helping to scatter the good seed in the thousands of rural districts throughout this country that now hear the spoken word not oftener than once in weeks. If the local support were not given to the preacher he should be sent as a paid missionary to the wilds of New Hamsbhire or Illinois or Texas, rather than to Barioboola Gha. In other words, it looks as if the church should let the foreign field wait until the home field had been filled. ee GENERAL TRADE REVIEW. The prominent feature in speculative circles is the erratic course of a few leading stocks as affected by manage- ment. Questions of passing dividends are being considered by some boards and the consequent uncertainty and rumors have caused an irregularity which disturbs the whole market. Whether the mystery with which some managements deal with their affairs is in the interest of speculation or not, it is clearly evident that the course of trade is often affected more by such in- fluences than by the actual condition of the business. As a matter of fact there is no diminution in the rate of railway earnings, which exceed those of last year by about ro per cent. and those of 1899 by 25 per cent. Among the great industries iron and steel still take the lead in volume and satisfactory conditions. Price changes are few, but such as are made are up- ward. Heavy sales of pig iron are re- ported, one of 225,000 tons at Pittsburg, and are explained by the fact that orders are generally taken far ahead. Condi- tions are satisfactory in all branches of this industry and numerous large con- tracts have been placed, especially for bridge material. Railway equipment of all kinds is still in urgent request and mild weather stimulates the demand for agricultural implements. Lumber Oper- ations continue expanding, many mills being added at the Northwest. A sin- gle contract was signed for 7,000,000 railway ties and buildings are taking more timber than is customary at this season. The textile situation is not so favor- able as the iron trade, but the outlook is not discouraging here. Sales of wool are only half those of last year and de- mand for goods is erratic. Cotton is still a disturbing factor in the cotton goods trade, attempts at high prices operating to limit business. Leather footwear is in better request and ship- ments from Eastern shops are of good volume. Domestic trade continues enormous, as shown by bank exchanges for the week. Notwithstanding lighter specula- tion, which made total clearings 14 per cent. less than in the previous week, there appeared an increase of 34 per cent. over the same week in 1900. a The Danish islands in the West In- dies, for which the United States has offered Denmark $3,240,000, are three in number—St. John, St. Thomas and St. Croix. Their combined area is about 223 Square miles, their population 84, 000, They lie next east of Puerto Rico. Possession of the latter makes the Danish islands less valuable to Den- mark, as American enterprise and cap- ital in the neighboring islands will at- tract business and population from the Danish possessions. And the change of flag in Puerto Rico makes the neigh- boring islands less a necessity to the United States in the event of a canal being opened through Nicaragua. Hence the decrease of price at which Denmark formerly valued its islands. Of course, the transfer of the Danish islands to a strong European power, Germany for instance, is not desired by the United States. It wants no powerful foreign- ers entrenched so near to the entrance of the canal. It can prevent such trans- fer, but can not afford to assume a dog- in-the-manger attitude. The islands are desirable, if not necessary. St. Thomas has an ideal harbor and American pos- session will carry to the islands capital and enterprise which will make them a profitable possession. This possession will strengthen American guardianship of the isthmian canal,and end the hopes of foreign powers of gaining a foothold near its Atlantic terminus. It is not doubted that Congress will make effect- ive the proposed purchase. a ep 6S Ce 2 ee ee © +e MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 9 THE TAXATION PROBLEM. Plea for the Separation of State and Local Finances. In Michigan there are certain features of our financial system, State and mu- nicipal, that, it seems to me, have not been given adequate consideration by our public men; and while for years conditions have existed that have been recognized as unsatisfactory and which have furnished justifiable reasons for the repeated agitations for taxation re- form that have marked the history of our State, yet I am sincere in my be- lief that much of the agitation has been a groping in the dark and that no ade- quate relief will be found until our con- stitution and lawmakers are willing to discard some of the theories and sys- tems they now think are indispensable and apprehend and give legal effect to those principles that economists have discovered as underlying scientific and equitable taxation. The theories and systems to which I chiefly refer are those to be found not in the mere machinery or superficial features of taxation, but in the provi- sions of our State constitution which un- derlie and give form and direction to all tax legislation; and when we con- sider that our constitution was adopted fifty years ago and that almost three generations have measured its wisdom: by actual experiences under laws formed according to its terms, it seems to me that the time is fairly ripe for the dis- cussion that I suggest. Our constitution contemplates that the revenues required to support the State government shall be secured by a gen- eral ad valorem property tax; and while the Legislature is not prohibited from adopting other methods of taxation, such as specific taxes upon corporations or other special taxes upon other consid- erations _ than property values, yet it is specifically forbidden to apply such taxes to defraying the general ex- penses of the State. By the terms of the constitution all taxes shall be applied, first, in paying the interest on the pri- mary school, university and other edu- cational funds of the State; second, in paying the interest and principal of the State debt ; and whatever surplus is left after satisfaction of these claims is re- quired to be added to and distributed as a part of the primary school interest moneys. With such a constitutional limitation the State has had no other means of procuring its general revenues than by the imposing of general prop- erty taxes; and inasmuch as the local municipalities acquire their funds in the same way, the system has grown up of assessing and collecting State and municipal taxes together, and thereby the financial systems of the two have be- come interwoven and closely associated. That this is so is apparent from a consideration of the main features of our system of general taxation. The listing and valuation of property for taxation purposes is done by the town- ship supervisors, or analogous officers in cities and villages. Assessment rolls are equalized in each county for the purpose of apportioning county taxes and the quota of state taxes assigned to the county. State taxes are apportioned to the several counties by a periodical equalization between the counties by an appropriate state board. State, county, township and all local taxes are spread upon the same roll. The town- ship collecting officer returns the por- tion of State and county taxes collected by him to the county treasurer, and also a statement of lands upon which taxes oe have not been paid. The state taxes and delinquent lands are returned by the county treasurer to the auditor gen- eral. The latter, by reason of the fact that the lands returned are delinquent not only for State but also for county and local taxes, becomes the agent of these minor municipalities for the col- lection of these delinquent taxes, and due return is made as these taxes are collected. By this system the State is concerned in the assessment and valua- tion of the property of the municipali- ties, and the latter are concerned in the amount of State taxes apportioned to each; and upon both are imposed the burden of settlement and accounting, made necessary by the relations of mu- tual agency which this system requires. This system was the one chiefly in vogue among the older states of the Union fifty years ago, and our constitu- tion was framed upon the theory of its perpetuation. Although our constitution makers appreciated many of its defects and shortcomings, yet it represented the best thought of the day upon the sub- ject of taxation. But time has demon- strated more evils than were anticipated, not only in Michigan, but in all the states having analogous systems. The clamorous agitations for equal and fair taxation that have been so long with us have found reasonable justification in the unequal burdens of taxation brought about by maladministration of our gen- eral property tax laws, and despite amendments and changes and _ repeated reframings of these laws and remedial legislation galore,all have largely failed to accomplish the results promised or intended, and the average citizen of to- day stands in a dazed condition, almost helpless in his search for the way to bring about fair and equitable condi- tions. Within the last few years the idea has more and more been taking root, in the minds of those who have been making the most serious study of these ques- tions, that the evils chiefly complained of are due primarily to the fact of the State’s participation with the lesser municipalities in the general property taxation; that the system of equalization through which the higher municipali- ties imposed a due proportion of their taxes upon the lower municipalities furnishes the chief inducement for as- sessors to violate their oaths, and is the main exciting cause that has set com- munity against community and class against class in their charges of favorit- ism and unjust discriminations in the administration of our tax laws. It has become more and more apparent that property taxation is a fit and suitable method only for the lesser municipali- ties, where each is independent of the others in the imposition and collection of its taxes. And, onthe other hand, it has become equally apparent that there are methods and subjects of taxa- tion, entirely outside of general prop- erty taxes, that furnish an appropriate and adequate field for independent State taxation. And these facts have furnished the suggestion of an entire separation of the finances of the State and the lesser municipalities, and the assign- ment -to each of its appropriate and natural system of collecting revenues. This idea represents what I think is the best thought of to-day upon this subject, and after fruitless efforts to im- prove conditions existing under systems analogous to the general property tax laws of Michigan, other states that are foremost in taxation reform are turning in this direction. In Michigan we have not yet passed the stage of agita- tion which sees hope of infusing justice and equality into the existing system of taxation evils by drastic legislation, such as the exercise of State supervision over local assessors by a State Tax Commission, and the enforcing of equal rates of taxation upon corporations now paying specific taxes. And perhaps the time is not yet ripe for the remedy suggested in this paper. But, as I take it, while in Michigan there is hope for good results from late jiegislation and constitutional amendments, yet there are also doubt and confusion, and I believe that a discussion of the possible effect of a separation of the finances of the State and lesser municipalities in Mich- igan will be accepted as both apropos and timely. In considering the situation in Mich- igan we are at once confronted by the fact that under the present constitution there can not be such a separation of finances as is proposed. The chief re- liance of the State for independent rev- enues, in case it has no authority to im- pose general property taxes, would lie in its right to levy specific or special State taxes. As already seen, the con- stitution of Michigan makes it man- datory upon the Legislature to devote such taxes, now that the State debt has been extinguished, entirely to the sup- port of the educational institutions of the State, and chiefly the primary schools. The late constitutional amend- ment does not materially change the sit- uation in this respect. Before our theory can be accepted, therefore, our constitu- tion must be amended, and on the _pro- position to amend a decided embarrass- ment will be found in the fact that any attempt in that direction will be met by the assertion that it will cripple our primary schools to deprive them of the State aid now received in the distribu- tion of these specific taxes. This prop- osition has to be met at the outset, and I would advance for your consideration certain facts and arguments tending to the conclusion that the primary schools of Michigan do not need the aid of the State to secure their continuance or efficiency; or, at least, that no disas- trous consequences will follow the piac- ing of a reasonable limitation upon the amount that the State shall contribute to- wards the support of these schools, and the restoration to the Legislature of the authority to devote specific or special State taxes upon corporations, etc., to the defraying of general State expenses, which is a necessary preliminary to the separation of State and local finances. In considering these propositions, let us first see in dollars and cents how the property holders of the school districts of the State would be affected by being relieved from State, taxation and in lieu thereof being required to assume the burden of raising by local taxation the full amount that the State now pays the school districts in aid of their common school; in other words, whether they would gain or lose by the swapping of burdens with the State: Taking totals at the outset, it will be seen that the local municipalities will be tremendously ahead. The State tax apportioned to the counties in 1900 was $2,906,680.66. The primary school in- terest money distributed to the counties was $1,531,857.95. The difference is $1, 376,822.71, which would represent the total gain to the counties if the trade of burdens were made. But it may be objected that, inasmuch as the primary school interest moneys are appropriated not on the basis of the taxable property of the counties, but on a per capita basis according to the num- ber of children of school age in each, and inasmuch as an excess of children is more apt to be found among the poorer than the richer classes, this total of gain will not be equally distributed. And it is true that a difference will be found. In twenty-seven of the eighty- three counties of the State more primary school money is being received by the counties than they are paying State taxes, and hence to the tax payers of these counties there would be a loss in the exchange of burdens. From a table prepared by the State accountant in the auditor general’s department I find that the average loss to each cf these twenty- seven counties would be $2,186. On the other hand, for the fifty-six counties that would gain by the transaction, their gain would average to each $25, 640. The difference between the twenty- seven and fifty-six counties will most probably be ascribed toa relative ex- cess of children over property. But we can not say that this is absolutely dem- onstrated by the statistics that we have at command. While the number of chil- dren as a factor in the problem is cer- tain, yet the apportionment of State taxes is made upon the guess of the State Board of Equalization as to the taxable properties in the counties, and the accuracy of their valuations is very measurably uncertain. Let us take one single instance showing that these fig- ures can not be relied upon, to demon- strate that the number of children varies inversely with the amount of taxable property: The two counties of Huron and Manistee, according to the State Board of Equalization, are valued prac- tically the same; and yet the former re- ceived $4,302.49 more school moneys than it pays State taxes; while the latter pays $3,293.57 more State taxes than it receives school moneys. It is safe to assume that if the values of assessable property were as accurately determined as the number of school children, the margin of difference be- tween the twenty-seven and_ fifty-six counties would be much reduced, and that practically every county would share, although perhaps not in an equal degree, in the $1,376,822.71 total gain that would come by their assuming as a local tax the raising of primary school interest moneys in consideration of be- ing relieved from the general State taxes. But it is not my idea for the State to cease paying interest upon the pri- mary school fund and distributing it upon a per capita basis. This fund, as is well known, has arisen from the pro- ceeds from the sale of lands granted to the State by the Federal Government for the sole purpose of aiding in the es- tablishment and maintenance of a free common school system. As the sales were made the money has gone into the State treasury and has been used to pay the general expenses of the State. The State owes to the public schools of the State the total received from these sales. This fund, at the end of the last fiscal year, amounted to $4,853,065.51, upon $3,984,562.05 of which the State is re- quired by law to pay 7 per cent. and upon $868,503.46 of which 5 per cent. annual interest. The total interest upon this basis amounts to $332,344.51 per annum, or about $.45 to each child of school age in the State. But what I do contend is that this should be the limit of the obligation of the State, and that the claim of our school districts upon 10 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN the surplus specific taxes should be re- leased, It is evident that State aid to the pri- mary schools has gone beyond the point of necessity or advisability. One fact very clearly demonstrates this: By the terms of our law the one mill tax and the primary school interest fund must be devoted to the payment of teachers’ salaries. The the office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction now show numerous instances—-and each year they become more and more com- mon--where the total of these two sources of revenue exceeds the amount paid the teachers, and where, if the dis- trict officers are obe ying the law, a sur- plus is heing accumulated in the school district treasury which can not be put to use. The chier complaint, however, that comes from the Superintendent of Public Instruction is that school dis- trict officers are not inclined to use. the increasing revenues in paying larger salaries so as to secure better teachers, but they are disregarding the law that confines these two sources of revenue to teachers’ wages, and hiring the cheaper teachers regardless of qualifications, and devoting the balance thus secured in needless and records in wasteful extravagancies. These facts plainly indicate the point I am making, It may be urged that,if the surplus of Specific taxes is withdrawn from our common schools, the voters of the school districts will not make good the deficits by voluntary taxation, Those who would make this objection have not gauged the strength of the sentiment. in favor of free schools in Michigan, For every dollar contributed by the State to their support, the tax payers raise vol- untarily four and one-half dollars. No taxes are more willingly voted and jess grudgingly paid. But were there a dis- position in this direction, the present one-mill tax could be increased. This is a local tax, but its levy is directed by the Legislature. It is distributed on a per capita basis in the county in which it is raised. The deficit made by a withdrawal of the surplus of specific taxes might easily be made good by this method of taxation, and the schools would be left in every bit as good a condition as now, I have dwelt upon this subject some- what disproportionately, because it is the one barrier to real taxation reform in Michigan, and also because the pro- tection of our common school system has been made a veritable bugaboo, and only a clear and comprehensive Statement of the actual facts will cause the disillusioning of many of the good people of this State. Let us now take up the next branch of our subject, namely, whether there is the adequate field for independent State taxation that I have asserted : It is a very easy calculation to deter- mine approximately what it. would Te- quire to make good the deficit that would be caused by the relinquishment of the taxes now obtained by general property taxation, Taking the year 1900 as the basis for our deductions, we find that for that year the State taxes appor- tioned to the counties $2, 908, - 680,66. To this let us add the amount that would be required to pay the in- terest on the several educational funds at the rate prescribed by law, taking the amounts paid during the last fiscal year as our basis for estimate. These would amount to the following : were Interest on primary school fund $319,061.13 Interest on univ ersity fund 37.375.49 Interest on normal schoo! fund : 3082.62 Interest on agricultural college fund 54,882.12 Total, $414,418.36 Adding to this the amount now raised by general taxation would make a total budget of $3, 323,099.02. From this may fairly be deducted $200,000, which the State is now paying for the expenses of accounting and supervision incident solely to its participation with the local municipalities in the general property tax, and which would be done away with in case of a separation of their finances, which I hereafter refer to. A total budget of $3, 123,000 would fairly represent at the present time the amount that the State would have to raise annually by independent revenues to take the place of the general taxes that it now receives, and to accomplish without injury the separation of its finances from those of the counties and townships. Turning from expenses to revenues: Under existing laws there was raised during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1900, from specific taxes, $1,438,946. 86. This total was made as follows : Railroad companies............... ... $1,033,055.54 Insurance companies................. 250,664.70 il cetncatmicatd arc il 130,998 43 XPress COMpANIOS........... |. 9.58 Inheritance taxes.............. |... : Telegraph and telephone companies. River improvement companies...... 1,620.77 Plank road companies................ 1,149 29 Freight, palace and sleeping car co's. 82.60 9. 2,097.66 Total, $1,439,057.70 In the calendar year 1900 there were realized from these sources approxi- mately $1,600,000, but I am unable to give the items in detail. But these figures show that under existing laws, which were framed not with the idea of raising a tax adequate to the needs of the State government, but to put money intoa surplus fund that was already larger than necessity required, fully one-half of our budget is met. In order to find means to make good the balance, let us first look over the list just given. Taking up railroad com- panies: If the appraisal of the more physical properties of these companies within the State of Michigan made by Poot. M. E. Cooley and his assistants, under the direction of the State Tax Commission, is reliable (and 1 would State that I have not as yet heard the Suggestion made that this branch of the appraisal is either unfairly or inaccu- rately made), these companies are fairly taxable upon a total valuation of $160, - 000,000. At the average rate that prop- erty generally pays, according to the returns made by the Board of State Tax Commissioners, the taxes of the railroad companies would be more than doubled over what they now pay. Whether such an increase would result oppressively, I am unable to say; but certainly no more so than upon indus- trial corporations generally that have felt the iron hand of the Board of State Tax Commissioners in forcing assess- ments of their property to a point that represented actual cash valuation. It is a conceded fact that railroad taxation in this State has been low, much more so than in other similarly situated States ; and without injustice, and with- out any hardship other than that now borne by industrial corporations subject to general property taxation, a large portion of our deficit can be made good by increasing the taxes upon railroads. Next take the franchise fee tax. This represents the sum of one-hatf a mill imposed on domestic corporations for the privilege of organizing, and upon foreign corporations for the privilege of filing their articles of association in this State and acquiring the privilege and standing of a domestic corporation. This tax does not operate oppressively, and could be doubled without serious injury. In this connection I would refer to a suggestion contained in the ex- augural message of Governor Rich, in which he outlined a scheme of inde- pendent State revenues. He advo- cated the fairness of an annual State tax to be paid by all industrial corporations of one mill upon their capital. He urged that they could well afford to pay this to the State in consideration of being relieved from direct State taxation. He estimated that this would produce at least $700,000 per annum. Whether such a tax would be necessary or advisable is doubtful. The inheritance taxes received in 1900 in no way represented the capabilities of that measure as a revenue producer. The present law enacted in 1899 has been in the courts for nearly a year, and pending a decision no taxes have been enforced. No feature of the act has been attacked that can not be easily remedied in case it is declared unconstitutional. It is recognized as a iegitimate and fair method of taxation. With a valid and judicious law of this character upon our Statute books, several hundred thousand dollars per annum might easily be real- ized by the State. Next, as to the taxation upon tele- graph and telephone companies. It is at once obvious that the $2,097.66 per annum does not represent a medicum of the tax-paying capacity of these ex- tensive and valuable properties. The figures are deceptive as to the exact sit- uation. The amount of telegraph and telephone taxes charged in 1900 was $44,659.28, but only the $2,097.66 had been paid at the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1900, and during the prior year another system of taxation had been in vogue, and on that account there was a break in the receipts. Un- der the present law these companies are taxed upon the basis of a percentage of their gross receipts. Under the previous law they were taxed according to the valuation of their properties. The val- uation taxation, upon an appraisal of $3,439,456.84, yielded about $20,000 more than the present method. The ap- praisal of Prof. M. E. Cooley of this class of properties amounts to $7,065, 293. Applying to this the average rate of tax- ation obtaining throughout the State, as computed by the State Tax Commis- sion, and the total taxation that would result would be over $105,000, more than double the amount at present real- ized. If this would be oppressive, it would be no greater than the burden borne by industrial corporations gener- ally under the present system of gen- eral property taxation. Finaliy, the present taxes paid by freight, palace and sleeping car com- panies present a ludicrous climax to our review. Just how the shades of Wagner and Pullman and Armour will divide up their $62.60 taxes paid upon their immense properties constantly en- gaged in business in this State, I can hardly imagine. The value of the aver- age number of cars of these corporations continuously employed in Michiagn could not fall short of from $4,000, 000 to $5,000,000. And this would represent a taxation capacity, according to the rate previously given, of between $60, 000 and $75,000. Our tax laws upon prop- erty engaged in interstate commerce have uniformly failed, except in case of railway taxation, through the inability of perversity of our Legislature in not providing a method of taxing these properties that would not be in viola- tion of the United States constitution. But there can hardly be any further ex- cuse in this respect, as adequate and fair ways of taxing such properties are now well known if and adopted in many states. In reviewing the list of corporations now paying specific taxes, it appears from these alone, without going beyond the limits of ordinary property taxation, an amount adequate to meet our deficit could be obtained. But there are other corporations that might be added to the list. Take, for instance, inter-urban electric street railway companies. They have become formidable rivals of the steam railways in certain lines of busi- ness. They are now taxed locally, but they are better suited for State taxa- tion, and might properly be added to the list. Banks, building and loan as- sociations and mutual benefit and fra- ternal organizations are required to be supervised by the State, and in general pay the cost. They might properly be required to contribute a percentage over and above this cost. To require a li- cense upon the privilege of cngaging in the business of private banking or brok- erage might be in the line of a very de- sirable State policy. Various excises might be suggested. One very proper one would be for the State to take to it- self the revenue derived from the is- suance of wholesale liquor licenses, leaving to the municipalities the retail] licenses. A State income tax has been at various times suggested. In fact, to go over the field of proper and appro- priate independent State taxation, one finds almost an embarrassment of riches, and our investigation leads to the con- clusion that to raise our Michigan bud- get, if the proper subjects for taxation were all taken into consideration and a system was evolved that was fairly in- clusive and discriminating to the extent of distributing the burdens equally and not oppressively, the various interests that would be affected would find their taxes comparatively light. The final paragraphs of this paper are devoted to a brief Summary of some of the most patent benefits that would fol- low the separation of State and munici- pal finances in Michigan: First, in the matter of actual expense, the State will save almost $200,000 per annum in one department alone. The auditor general’s office of this State is made the clearing house for ail delin- uent taxes, State and municipal. There were one hundred twenty-six clerks employed in this office during the last fiscal year, at a total cost in sal- aries of $111,867.78. Of these clerks nine-tenths were employed in the taxa- tion department, and were solely en- gaged in keeping the delinquent tax records and the accounts between the State and the minor municipalities. The cost of advertisement for tax sales amounted to $66,347.59. The total cost for postage and for aper, printing, binding, furnished by the State for the use of the counties and the auditor general’s department, and also for sta- tionery, express and traveling expenses, all being for the most part made _ nec- — by the burden of accounting im- posed upon the State by its participa- tion in the system of general taxation, amounts to a total of $21,525.23. Ona conservative estimate, at least nine- tenths of this expense would be wiped out if there were the Separation of State and municipal finances that I am sug- gesting. And the beauty of the whole thing would be that the counties would be put to no additional expense of con- sequence by the closing of accounts with the State and the assumption of the bur den of collecting deiinquent taxes upon land. There is now kept in each county what is practically a duplicate of the accounts kept in the auditor general's office, so no additional burden would be thereby imposed. The burden of preparing the petition for tax sales and the sales books, which the counties would have to assume, would be fully offset by their having no longer to pre- pare and forward delinquent tax lists to the auditor general. The only addition- al burden that the counties would have to assume would be the publication of the delinquent tax lists, and for this I do not think the counties would pay the ns irs nd in, cit er he an ey 51 - —_—_— wee ( =, wo A (A MICHIGAN TRADESMAN same price new paid by the State. That most of the amounts that the State would thus save would be net would follow from the fact that it would not be necessary to re-establish an equally ex- pensive system to collect the independent State taxes. That this is true is well indicated by the fact that the million and one-half of specific taxes now col- lected are secured practically without expense. Of course, the Legislature might provide for ponderous and ex- pensive assessment boards to accom- plish results that might be more direct- ly and inexpensively done, but this would not last much beyond the time that demonstrated their uselessness. The second item of saving in expense to the State that would follow the sepa- ration of finances would be the cutting off of the cost of State supervision of local assessors and assessments. The money burden of the State Tax Com- mission,appointed under the act of 1897, and the amount that would be required to carry out all the requirements of the act were hardly anticipated at the time of its passage. To give the law a fair trial and to give full effect to the man- dates of the Legislature as to what should be done,the Board of State Audi- tors met the requests of the Tax Com- missioners in a_ spirit of liberality. There has been expended by and on he- half of this commission since its organ- ization the sum of $97, 105.83, $84,835.92 of which was disbursed during the cal- endar year of 1900. This is, perhaps, hardly representative of the average an- nual expenses of the Board, as the costs of initiation are greater than those of subsequent maintenance. But it is safe to assume that it will take at least $50, - ooo per year to make the Board a really effective instrument to accomplish the results intended. For my own part, while I believe that,as long as the gen- eral property tax continues to be used by State and municipalities together, there is an absolute necessity for the exercise of supervisory authority by the State, yet I am afraid the sequel will rove that even State supervision will ail to bring about equitable conditions. It is a herculean task, with nature itself arrayed against us in the manifest un suitability of a general property tax for combined State and municipal taxation. But with a separation of State and mu- nicipal finances, the State will no longer have any interest in local assessments, and the necessity for State supervision will no longer exist, and a State Tax Commission will be absolutely super- fluous. The third advantage that would come with the separation would be the doing away with equalizations, the acknowl- edged prime cause of the evils of our present system. While this paper con- templates only the abolition of the State Board of Equalization as an incident that would follow the separation, yet it can readily be seen that, once State equalization was out of the way, county equalizations could be very easily abol- ished by a readjustment of the taxation machinery in the municipalities. The county itself might be the assessing municipality, with a certification to the townships or lower municipalities of their taxable property, or the extension upon the county rolls, against the prop- erty of the lower municipalities, the taxes that they have voted, being prac- tically the system that obtains between townships and school districts. With the separation, class wiil no longer be ar- rayed against class, or section against section. It will no longer be of any more concern to the farmers of the Lower Peninsula how the mine owners of the Upper Peninsula are assessed than it now is in one county what public im- provements are being made in another county. Taxation will have become en- tirely a local matter. Each community will be independent of the other, and instead of growing hard feeling and crimination and recrimination, cordial- ity and good feeling will prevail. And finally, more equitabie taxation conditions will be possible, and will come almost without the asking, and the rancorous agitation of to-day will be- come a thing of the past. The sug- gestions of the scientific student of tax- ation problems will have a readier hear- ing than they now receive. With local taxation lessened, as it will be by being released from State taxation, it may be found possible to exempt certain classes of property that are admittedly unsuited to be made the subject of ad valorem taxation, such as credits and perhaps personal property generally. If the theory of a single land tax is even to be tested, it will and should be in local communities, and for independent lgcal taxation only. In conclusion I can only say that in my judgment, if the people of the State of Michigan would arise’ in_ their strength and, by amending the constitu- tion and providing for a complete sepa- ration of State and municipal finances, would cut the Gordian knot of tangle and confusion that is being spun by our legislators and political agitators in at- tempting to fix up our present system of taxation, they would enter upon the new century with a heritage secured that would yield to them and their chil- dren for generations to come benefits beyond measure. Horace M. 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It is the*'neatest, strongest, More brilliant than electric- j Tested to stand & Absolutely safe to stand or No smoke, no odor. Nothing to get Especially adapted to lighting stores, : | A guarantee Write for cata- METAL SPINNING & MANUFACTURING Co., 45 & 47 S. CANAL ST., eedeeeeeeeeeceeecececcececceccecccececec!” GRAND RAPIDS FIXTURES Co. CHICAGO, ILL. me Shipped knocked down. First class freight. No. 52, Oak, finished in light anti ue, rubbed and polished. wide. 44 inches high. Write for illustrated catnlogue and prices. Made-any Manet. 2 tnehee We are now located two blocks south of Union Depot. Cor. Bartlett and South Ionia Streets, Grand Rapids, Mich. < we we? \ w ESS »; {3 ~% wis 0} sa td. | # ty ut up od ¥, U. < (mm or ee & we e oD in t= J re i= 2 = ~ aa | #8 Z 4 : - i \ 4 ; ah ; de Go ver VY pe — y _ > + ae - i -* lo . 7a 7. oe a a . a f ze MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 13 Evolution of the Sickle. Written for the Tradesman. ‘““If ye will not sow neither shall ye reap’’ is as much a truism now as it was when written thousands of years ago before Ruth so successfully gleaned the scattered ears of grain as they fell from the hands of the reapers in the fields of Boaz, of Bethlehem. Here | hope my readers will pardon the digres- sion if I indulge in a pen picture of that charming romance as narrated in the quaint language of Biblical story, the first meeting of Ruth and Boaz: Imagine Boaz, ‘‘the mighty man of wealth,’’ on his visit from his home in Bethlehem to his Judean harvest fields. Mounted upon camels, Boaz and _ his retinue of servants come into the fields where the reapers are at work. As he is giving directions to his overseer of the reapers he is attracted by the beau- tiful Ruth in the attitude of gleaning the scattered ears of barley and enquires, ‘‘Whose damsel is this?’’ A more strik- ing instance of love at first sight was never recorded, as proved by what fol- lowed his enquiry and _ his overseer’s answer. He spoke kindly to the lovely stranger and accorded her especial privileges, ordering his reapers to be careless and scatter some of the grain that she might gather the ears. The historical event that followed this first meeting and the final union of Ruth and Boaz form an important link in the chain of Biblical history that follows. Although the sickle was the first im- plement used for harvesting grain, it has undergone little if any change in its construction since its use in the fields of Boaz. It retains its graceful curve and serrated edge as of old. Although entirely out of use except for lawn and garden trimming, there is one feature of its original construction that is retained in all the improved harvesting machines that have superseded its use: The origi- nal serrated teeth are seen in the sec- tions that fill the cutting bars of all modern reapers. All the labor-saving improvements over the ancient sickie for harvesting grain have been made within the memory of the writer. First of all came the old hand cradle, which was only a broad scythe with four fingers attached which gathered the grain as the cradler in a sweeping stroke cut it off and laid it in a swathe by his side, to be raked and bound into bundles by the binder who followed. This hand cradle could only be used in standing grain. The lodged or tangled grain was always left for the sickle. The writer has visible scars on the little finger of his left hand received in reap- ing the tangled grain before he was 14 years of age. Then came the first reaper by horse power, which cut the grain and laid itona platform. Upon this platform a man was strapped to a post and raked it off as it accumulated in bundles for another man to bind. The next improvement displaced the man who rode the machine by an auto- matic rake which left the bundles on the ground ready for the binders. This was followed by the reaper and binder, which bound the bundles with wire. It proved to be a clumsy machine and did not give general satisfaction until improved by substituting twine for wire for binding the bundles and reducing the draft, using steel instead of wood in its construction and finally adding the bundle carrier to cap the climax of labor-saving improvements. This universally-used substitute for the bor of six men every day during the harvest, reduces the time required for harvesting more than two-thirds and re- duces the cost of producing a bushel of wheat to one-half of what it was sixty years ago. Verily the evolution in the mode of harvesting from the hand sickle to the steel binder is doing wonders for the present generation. Not only the sickle but the flail and the threshing floor have passed into his- tory, giving place to the gigantic, steam-propelled machinery which reaps, gathers, separates and bags the grain as it moves in majestic ease over our Western plains rich with the golden harvests sufficient for the world’s sup- ply. Ah, Boaz, you are nowhere with your sickles and your reapers, and alas poor Ruth would find little to glean and little sympathy from the remorse- less monster machinery that has usurped the place of human toilers with the sickle. W. S. H. Welton. —— ee Value of a Diploma to Grocers and Their Clerks. Written for the Tradesman. There is a cloud in the horizon of the grocer. It is no larger than a woman's hand, but it portends trouble. It has al- ready assumed shape and color. It heralds the fact that a woman not only can engage in the grocery business, but that she has already done so and made the undertaking a success. This a free country, however, and there is no rea- son why, if a woman wants to engage in that kind of commercial enterprise and has the required amount of capital, she shouldn’t be allowed to do so and reap from it what benefit she can. She has taken advantage of this privilege, has been making a success of it and now intends to make her presence felt. She proposes drawing a line in the grocery business and to have only those gro- cers who wish to go on with it take an examination to show their fitness for the calling. There is every reason why this should be done. Modern society demands more intelligent work in the grocery Store. Its field is enlarging, any well equipped city grocery store—and in all probabil- ity the country store soon will be found an eager and close follower—holding it- self in readiness to furnish a meal ready to serve of cold meats, bread, cakes, fruit and cheese, or a more elaborate dinner ready to serve from tin cans. Beside this, meats are to be boned, poul- try cleaned, vegetables prepared, raisins seeded—processes, every one of them, with which the average man and his hopelessly unqualified clerk are wholly unacquainted. The personal habits of these caterers to the public need care- ful looking after. The woman is prov- erbially neat, the man is as proverbially —not. He does not, like the duck, take intuitively to water. Soap and he are too often strangers. A nail brush is rarely a part of his personal outfit. His knowledge of the goods he handles is extremely limited and his indifference in regard to it is often disastrous. He admits that he knows flour, but he con- siders a knowledge of the difference be- tween pastry flour and that suitable for breadmaking wholly superfluous. Of course, mistakes will happen in the best regulated families, but when the kero- sene can and the molasses jug are sub- stituted one for the other and the blun- derer brazenly asks, *‘ What of it?’’ the truth is forced home that something should be done about it, and insisting upon an examination seems to be the best thing to be done. The candidate old-time sickle saves the farmer the la- strong. He should be good natured and should be able to move and think quick- ly and accurately. He never should be ignorant of the times and seasons of all food materials, and should endeavor to keep in mind the personal preferences of every customer. Test any one of the innumerable army of grocers and gro- cers’ clerks in the United States and how many could get beyond the first question? For this general and deplor- able condition of things there is but one cure—the examination. The method to be pursued has not yet materialized. It is one the public would look upon with pleasure. Most patrons of the grocery, with whose proprietor and working force they have had many a tilt, would rejoice to look in upon the examination as the candidates for com- mercial honors find themselves unequal to the emergency. That some such test has long been needed will not be ques- tioned. That the thought is directly traceable to the female brain is what was to be expected. That it will ac- complish its purpose is not to be doubted; and when in the possibly not far off future the grocer shall point with pride to his framed diploma, and the grocery shall prove in every nook and corner the facts there stated, then, in- deed, will the world move, then will the diploma mean something and obtain an acknowledged value in the practical field of experience. Richard Malcolm Strong. —__—~>-2.______ A little four-year-old girl walked into a hardware store some time ago and had a bolt put in her little express wagon. When the job was completed she asked the clerk what the charges were. The clerk informed her that a kiss would pay the bill and the little lady said, ‘‘All right, mamma will pay you.’’ Sc § The most attractive, {the most labor-saving, the most modern, the f most successful Retail (jrocery Stores in the Union have been oe and fitted by § _—s*F A. FLESCH, f manager grocery store outfitting department. Borden & ( Selleck Co., f SE a Oe. OR a ee eB. BB Br. BB FS BS VS SS Om Chicago, Ill. Correspondence for partial or com- plete outfits solicited. f f j j j j SE SE SP OR eR eT ness man can afford to give a found anywhere. dled with equal facility. to see you when you next need matter. tno printed matter used by many business houses shows on its face that they haven’t given much attention to it—neither have the printers to whom they entrusted their orders. important matter than many recognize. proper printing. The printed matter of a business house ought to be as neatly dressed as are its traveling men. Cheap station- ery, cheap booklets and cheap envelopes are pretty apt to give the impression of a cheap business all the way through. Our printing establishment is one of the most complete to be We do good printing at reasonable prices. | We won't do inferior work at any price. for a thousand bill-heads or for a million catalogues, it will be given our prompt and best attention. Either order can be han- Let us send one of our representatives Attractive PRINTING at Reasonable Prices This is a more Every progressive busi- little attention to the subject of Whether your order is | anything in the line of printed TRADESMAN COMPANY GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN for a grocery clerk should be well and 14 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN How Bannigan Unloaded His Rubber Stock. Bannigan was an uneducated Irish- man. He began life in a New England rubber factory and conscientiously worked his way up from a wage of SI.50 a day to die worth $5,000,000, He was shrewd and bright, and knew the value of money. He saved to such good pur- pose that when the rubber trust was formed he was at the head of one of the biggest factories in the country, located in Providence. His knowledge of the trade was so thorough that, despite the fact that he almost invariably used small *‘‘i’s’’ in writing a letter, he was made president of the trust, his holdings amounting to about forty thousand shares. When matters had been mov- ing along for some time, Bannigan made up his mind that the other men in the trust, the big fellows, were not treating him right, and that the best thing he could do was to get out. So he packed his stock certificates ina gripsack, left Providence on the night boat, landed in New York bright and early, had his breakfast, and then made a bee-line for a stockbroker’s office. He had assured himself in advance that this stockbroker was to be relied upon, and so he told him frankly what he intended to do. “I want to sell out, bag and bag- gage,’’ he said. ‘‘I want to get rid of every one of my forty thousand shares. Here they are, put them on the market and sell them.’’ The stockbroker told him that that would never do. If he wanted to realize full value for his hold- ings he would have to go about it in a different way, for if he should throw his forty thousand shares into the market it would knock the bottom out of prices and he wovld get little or nothing for his stock. Mr. Bannigan saw the point and asked what he ought to do. ‘‘Buy,’’ said the broker. ‘*But I don’t want to buy; | have got more now than I| want,"’ ‘* That is all right; buy anyway; that will make a market for the stock and you can unload when the time comes,’’ ‘‘How much must | buy?’’ ‘Oh, about $250,000 worth.’’ ‘But I have not get $250,000 in cash to go and buy rubber stock.’’ ‘Well, you can borrow it; a man in your position, Mr. Bannigan, will have no difficulty in borrowing $250,000." Much against his will the old man was finally persuaded to do as he was told. About two weeks later the broker wrote to him that he must buy some more—this time $200,000 worth. Mr. Bannigan used rather Strong language, but finally yielded as before. He bor- rowed $200,000 and turned it over. With this additional capital to work on, the broker continued to manipulate the market. The insiders soon discovered that some strong party was buying, but they did not know who, Bannigan hay- ing carefully kept himself in the back- ground. His broker operated skillfully in the stock, une day buying, the next selling, to keep the stock active. The broker after a while began to horrow large amounts of the stock. This con- vinced the insiders that there was a big short interest somewhere and they got together in order to Squeeze the shorts. The inside holders who controlled most of the stock combined to Squeeze ‘‘the shorts’ out. In furtherance of this plan they put the price up to 61 and at about that figure Bannigan’s stock was all unloaded, Banigan now found himself full of money whil2 the other fellows were filled up with his stock. They never awakened to the fact that the president had sold out on them until his shares were delivered against their pur- chases, as they thought, of ‘‘short’’ Stock. Rubber broke and did not stop tumbling until it had gone from 61 to 16. This deal had all the elements of a comedy drama, and the playwright who can do it justice will find material there which will make him an everlasting for- tune and reputation. It is not often, however, that new- comers in the Street fare as well as this in the end. Fora time they will go on merrily enough, and send things boom- ing, but in the end most of them get the worst of it.—Saturday Evening Post. Information Kept Ready for the Custom- ers. From the New York Sun. One day last week a workman who was putting in new electric light fixtures in a Park row cigar store accidentally let a piece of piping fall and it crashed into a mirror which reached from the ceiling to the floor, smashing it to pieces, The empty frame with a few jagged edges of glass Sticking from its inner edges was noticed by every cus- tomer who came in and invariably the gestion was asked: ** Mirror broken?’’ The clerk addressed would reply that it was, but long before the day was over the clerks became weary of answering that and many other questions about the broken mirror, such as ‘‘Was it an accident?’’ ‘‘Was it insured?”’ ‘*How did it happen?’’ ‘‘Who did ‘How much did it cost?’’ The night clerk soon tired of his job and thought out a plan to put a stop to the questions. So he wrote out the fol- lowing answers and pasted the paper on the frame of the mirror: ‘“Yes, it is broken, ’’ ‘" No, accidentally. ’’ ‘“Excuse me, I’m busy. ‘‘T don't know.”’ ‘* About $50 or $60.’’ ‘* Probably. ’’ | fethaps Te." wes?" “No, I can’t tell.’? This had the desired result of shutting off questions on the subiect of the mir- ror. a. Just the Job He was After, A very small pile of coal lay on the sidewalk. A correspondingly small son of Ham was Sauntering along, and, see- ing it, scented a job. He rang the door bell. “Am dat you all's coal?’’ he asked the lady who appeared at the door. es 7 ‘*Want it toted in?”’ “Ves” ‘’Kain’t I git de job?”’ ‘“Why, you’re pretty small, and then you might charge too much. You might ask more than I could pay.’’ “How much is yo got?’’ asked the small man of business. ‘Kin yo raise a dollah?’’ ‘Oh, my goodness! No,’’ ‘* Seventy-five cents?’’ “No; run along and don’t bother me,’’ and she started to close the door. ‘“Mebbe so you’! gib fifty cents, ’’ *“No, no; run along.’’ “Il reckons yo’ all ain’t got er quar- tah?’’ oe?" ‘Nera dime?”’ “‘No, not even a dime,’’ woman, beginning to laugh. ‘Well, how much is you got?’’ ques- tioned Ham, showing his iyories. ca. sut'nly does wanter git de job.’’ “‘ I’ve just got a nickel, ’* ‘*Well, I’m jus’ a-lookin’ fer nickel jobs,’* and he straightway began. replied the The world would be better and its in- habitants | happier if they pursued life a ethical rather than along technical ines, Knit Goods Combine. The report has again been revived that the knitting mill owners in the up- per Hudson and Mohawk Valleys have recently been asked to give options on their plants to promoters of a prospec- tive trust organization in the knitting mill industry. Eighty per cent. of the mills that make ‘‘flat goods’’ are located in or adjacent to the cities of Hudson, Troy, Cohoes, Schenectady, Amsterdam, Herkimer and Rome, New York, and it is reported that nearly one-half of their owners are favorably disposed towards the plans of the trust promoters. Two previous attempts to consolidate the trade failed. Under the plans proposed by the pro- moters of the combination the mill own- €rs are to accept guaranteed 7 per cent. preferred stock or bond issues of the Proposed corporation, which will take over all stock on hand and all first-class negotiable paper. Any mortgages or other liability on individual mills will be released by the corporation, so that Gents’ sizes. there will be no interest charges to he provided for except on its OWN security issues. A working capital of $8, 000, 000 is contemplated. a eo Diplomacy Illustrated. ‘‘What is this here diplomacy?" asked the grocery loafer, “It is like this here,’’ said the gro- cer, ‘Fer instance, if I wanted to cal] you a liar, I’d jist do so right out: but if I wanted to be diplomacy, I'd go at it sorter roundabout an’ jist say to the surroundin’ air that while | wasn't namin’ no names, I reely did believe that a certain red nosed, squint eyed cuss that had et at least ten pounds of my best cheese without ever payin’ a cent was not so keerful with the truth as he orter be. See?’’ —____ © 6 __ No man can tell whether he is rich or poor by turning to his ledger. It is the heart that makes a man rich. He is rich or poor according to what he is, not ac- cording to what he has. Will Stand the Racket OuR Own MAKE CHILDREN’S Box CALF SHOES Are made with greatest care as to appearance; they are neat and nobby. But they’ll stand the racket longer than any other shoes made. We also make them in Misses’ and Little HEROLD-BERTSCH SHOE CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. MAKERS OF SHOES. We Cannot Help It that Everyone Wants Our Factory Make of Shoes GE, K 10-22 NORTH IONIA STREET, Folks seem to know a good thing when it comes to the wear. We know that we have put our tradeto considerable inconvenience in not filling their orders promptly, but in future we will do better as we have increased our Capacity and are turn- ing out more shoes daily than ever before. Send in your orders early and they will receive prompt at- tention. LMBACH, LOGIE & CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN PREMIBR STOCK NO, 2424 Patent Calf vamp and quarter Vici Kid top, Flexible sole, O. G. heel. Write for one of our New Spring Catalogues. = (ieo. H. Reeder & Co. 28 and 30 S. Ionia St. Grand Rapids, Michigan Price we AA 7 as oh [f& x > - > =) ~ Wa ee a ro - MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 15 Responsibility for Goods Lost in Transit. We have lately had a number of en- quiries from retailers who seek infor- mation as to the placing of the respon- sibility for goods lost in transit. Some seem to think that when five cases of goods are billed from the starting point and only four received, then the miss- ing case can be deducted from the bill when payment is made, or, in other words, that the shipper shoulders the loss until a settlement can be effected with the railroad companies ; such, how- ever, is not the case. When the shipper receives his receipt from the railroad companies he is re- lieved of all responsibility in the mat- ter. In the case stated above, the rail- road company’s waybill will show five cases accepted by the road and only four received at the destination. The agent delivers the four cases and reports one short. The consignee should then notify the shipper, who will send him a duplicate bill of lading, which should be ap- pended to a letter addressed to the gen- eral freight agent of the road with a re- quest that he give it his immediate at- tention. The dealer will find before the claim is adjusted, however, that his ideas of what constitutes immediate at- tention and the company’s ideas on the same subject differ somewhat. It is just about as easy to get Congress to act on a claim bill as it isto get a dam- age claim against the railroads settled. It requires time and red tape, but every- thing comes to the man who waits and the railroad claim is no exception. In cases where a shipment is broken open in transit and a part removed, the consignee must get a copy of the bill of lading together with the affidavit of the shipper that the missing goods were in the cases when started, to this he adds his affidavit that the articles short on the bill were found missing when the goods were opened, then forwards to the freight agent. Sometimes the shipper voluntarily shoulders the responsibility or he ex- tends the time of payment until the amount shall be recovered from the rail- road companies, but it is optional with him whether he makes any concessions whatever. About a year ago the writer suffered the loss of one in a shipment of half a dozen cases. On investigation he found that the shipper could collect from him for the missing case and his only re- course was to the railroad company. After a weekly correspondence extend- ing over a period of six months the amount of the actual cost of the goods lost was collected. In this instance the missing case contained sixty pairs of fine shoes, which could not be replaced short of three or four weeks and, as they were very much needed just at this time, the loss was not confined to the actual cost of the goods, but a claim for further damages was not allowed.’ It is our opinion, however, that when any great loss is sustained through the rail- road’s inability to deliver the goods ina reasonable length ‘of time, it could be collected through process of law. The amount involved, however, would nec- essarily have to be large to justify this. If the party receiving the goods is a large shipper and there are other roads over which he could have his goods sent, he will not have to wait so long for an adjustment, especially if he be persistent. We are often asked by retailers why a uniform system of measurements can not be adopted by the manufacturers ; they think it would be a long step in the direction of simplifying the retail- ing of shoes. There is no doubt but what the adoption of uniform measure- ments by the manufacturer would be a big help to the retailer, but the proba- bilities are that the manufacturer will go on using measurements ‘‘according to his light.’”’ We can not expect the man who by costly experiments succeeds in produc- ing what he considers a shoe that fits perfectly to tell the world just how it is done so that the men who make $1 shoés can ‘‘go and do likewise.’’ Measure- ments have changed wonderfully in the last few years and still there is room for improvements, even in the finest lines. The most common fault (and it’s a bad one) is the flat-footed article. Ex- amine the shoes worn by the average man or woman and in eight cases out of ten it will be found that the shank does not support the arch of the foot, in fact, it does not even touch it. These shoes not only have a tendency to break down the natural arch of the foot, but they are uncomfortable and give one the ap- pearance of being flat-footed. It also allows the pressure of the weight of the body to crowd the large joint and when these shoes are worn any length of time they become very uncomfort- able. This is something that might be looked into with profit by shoemakers. — Shoe and Leather Gazette. —_-_» 2. —___—_ Sensible Shoe Trimming Returning to Favor. From the Shoe and Leather Gazette. With the fading away of the tan shoe there is a recrudescence of the patent tip in women’s shoes. Many of the new samples carry this tip and the demand for shoes so trimmed is decidedly on the increase. This reappearance is referable to good sense and good taste. The patent leather tip gives a dressy effect to the shoe and is much more durable than the kid tip, which scuffs and peels off very easily and in a few days has a wornand draggled arpearance. Women are proverbially careless about their shoes and the patent tip will carry a shoe through more hard usage and keep it looking brighter than any other style. Speaking of the decadence of the tan, there are some indications that it is not going to be so rapid or decided as some have thought. There will probably be many tan shoes worn in the West and South the coming season by both men and women, and lines which have been denuded of tan samples may find a cold reception in some parts of the country. In the cities, where the patent leather has its cast iron grip on the arbiters of fashion, the more sensible tan shoe will unquestionably be eschewed, but in the country, where they are not so particu- lar to follow the canons of style, and in- cline to coolness and comfort for sum- mer wear, they will cling to the colored shoes. The Gazette would not be sur- prised if the volume of tan goods in the aggregate was nearly as large the com- ing season as a year ago. ———->-2>—___ — A man, to succeed in any business or profession, succeeds the sooner if all the small matters that pertain to his work advertise him in a favorable way. Let every scrap of stationery that goes from his house speak for him. Let every word he uses in talking about his busi- ness be reasonable. Above all, let him fully understand his work. To have one’s business well in hand, to be larger than one’s undertaking, is the main — Every person can not expect to e a genius, but every man or woman ought to bea ‘‘plain, simple boss’’ of his own affairs. When this happens, there is a continual delight in one’s undertakings «as well as in_ one’s achievements. “YERMA” CUSHION TURN SHOE A SHOE FOR DELICATE FEET The “YERMA” is an exclusive product of our own factory and combining as it does the best materials and workmanship, produces a shoe far excelling the so-called Cushion Shoes now on the market. Our salesmen carry sam- ples. Ask to see them. The process by which this shoe is made makes it possible to use much heavier soles than are ordinarily used in turned shoes and reduces to a minimum the possibility of its ripping. The cushion is made by inserting between the sole and sock lining a soft yielding felt, serving the double purpose of keeping the feet dry and warm as well as making it the most comfortable turned shoe ever made. F. Mayer Boot & Shoe Co. Milwaukee, Wis. Exclusive Manufacturers. Mail Orders Use our catalogue in sending mail orders. Orders for staple boots and shoes filled the same day as re- ceived. Full stock on hand of Goodyear Glove and Federal Rub- bers. Send us your orders. Bradley & Metcalf Co., Milwaukee, Wis. American Princess These cuts show two of the most popular styles of the tamous American rubbers— highest in quality, most elegant in style and fitting perfectly. We deal exclusively in rubber footwear; seven different brands: Rubbers AMERICANS, PARAS, WOONSOCKETS, RHODE ISLANDS, COLONIALS, CANDEES, FEDERALS Write for prices A. H. KRUM & CO. Sensible Over Detroit, Mich. For Prompt Service Write us when in need of sizes in Rubbers. Distributors of Goodyear Glove, Hood and Old Colony Hood 25-5 off. Old Colony 25-10-5 off. KRAUSE & CO., Grand Rapids. (pos Pos POo*) 70°@.89@-2@- AON ei 3 p2@.@°@.¢ tj Ly Ht i MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Hardware Competition in the Hardware Trade. Competition in the hardware trade is not confined simply to that between hardware dealers. In the world there seems to be an ab- solute law of the survival of the fittest. We see it throughout the whole realm of Nature. Every fish in the mighty deep is sur- rounded by a host of deadly enemies, intent upon his destruction. They have no malice or ill will toward each other, but simply devour each other as a means to their own existence. It is said that the big fish eat the little ones, This is true, but, it is not all truth of the matter, for the blood-sucking leech and the microbe live off of the larger organ- isms. The hardware dealer is as truly surrounded by competitors for existence. In the average town his legitimate com- petitors are probably of about his own Size, financially and mentally, and were these all, his troubles would not be great. But, on one hand, he has great monsters—the mail order houses, the de- partment stores, and the jobbers who will sell to a country boy as cheaply as to a dealer. On the other hand, he has the leech and microbe kind—the grocery store trade, the dollar, dime and nickel racket stores, the baking powder and furniture polish gift enterprises, €aSy payment furniture stores, selling stoves on the installment plan, second- hand stores, lumber yards selling items of hardware, range peddlers and farmer agents. Is it any wonder that it requires exertion to exist? There is no business with which I am acquainted that has so many insidious competitors. For our legitimate competitors the hardware dealers, if they are honorable, we can have no ill will, but ought to have the most cordial relations. Yet, Strange to say, in many places we are hardly on speaking terms. This ought not to be. True, we are all running for the same goal, success. There has been no unfair means used in making the entry, we all have the same right to the track, we all have our friends to cheer us on. Is it fair, then, is it, friends? The time in which to reach the goal is too short, the road is already rocky and barren enough. Yet there are some who think anything is fair that will down a competitor. Nails at 3 cents, when they cost 4. Loaded shells at 35 cents, when they cost 40. Barbed wire at 33% cents, when it costs more: and if | can not sell a Stove at a profit, my competitor shall not. This is poor business policy, even should we win. Vinegar never catches flies, neither will a dollar come out of the sordid Principle that says, he shall not make anything out of that because I can not, You may break him up in his busi- ness, but by that time you will probably not be able to meet your own obliga- tions. - It will no doubt be a proud satisfac- tion to know that you have impoverished him and his family, but while this has been done, how much further have you progressed on the way to the goal of success; how much more able are you to compete with the new blood and new capital that will take his place? How much more pleasant to greet your competitor and his family as friends and allies, meet them socially, get better acquainted, talk over busi- ness matters, and troubles, agree upon fair and reasonable prices, blacklist deadbeats for each other, borrow and lend of each other, as necessity may re- quire, be honorable and fair with each other, combine your forces to meet the common enemies, large and small; to defeat them is to build yourselves up. By combined experience, exertion and capital, we ought to be able to buy and sell goods cheaper than our blood leech and microbe competitors, the grocery and racket stores. | am a strong believ- er in co-operative buying, although I have not had much experience in it. It is not legitimate competition that compels a dealer to sell his goods at less than a good living profit. It is dishon- orable competition. But there are deal- ers in the hardware business who think that they can not win trade save by price cutting and other unprincipled ways, but in the end they never suc- ceed. They may continue to exist, but that is not success. Success is the at- tainment of our purpose. There are very few of us in business for our health, or for pastime. Our purpose is to pros- per financially and with it mentally and morally. Price cutting never leads to financial success. In your own mind just recall a few of the most prosperous dealers in different lines of trade, enquire into their manner of doing business. You will find that they are not price cutters. In a certain community there will be just about so many goods sold ina year. Because you are cutting the price of nails does not induce a laborer or mer- chant to build a new house, or because you Cut $5 on a steel range does not in- duce a farmer to throw away a good cooking stove in order to buy a new one from you. No, sir; he would rather pay a range peddler $69 for one than to pay you $45. There are only so many bale ties needed in your community. You cut the price to 90 cents, when they cost 89 cents. Your competitor will follow your price, and neither of you makes a cent. He is not a good business man who does business in this way. The most successful, the only successful, merchants are those who always ask and get a fair margin of profit on all their goods. What I have said is intended to apply only to regular dealers, in competition in staple and standard goods. Each One must treat grocery and racket store trade as he may deem best; their goods are generally of inferior quality. The grocery store trade I consider contempt- ible and illegitimate on their part, and I will not buy groceries from one who does it. But the less attention the deal- €r pays to them the better, as we can not get their trade from them. They have a cinch on the farmers, who must buy their cheap wares from them in order | to get anything for their produce. As to the racket store trade, the only way to combat them is for all the dealers in the town to meet their prices, and they will soon quit. We have had several strong attempts to establish large racket stores in our city, and although backed by good men, with plenty of capital, they have had to pull out. Our meanest competitors at home are the easy-payment furniture houses, sell- ing stoves on the installment plan, and these so-called second-hand stores sell- ing new, cheap goods, and the lumber yards that sell nails, roofing, cresting, etc., to their customers. For these blood sucking leeches I know of no remedy but to treat them as Serpents; whenever you see a head, crush it if you can. Our friends in the larger cities can no doubt tell us about the blighting and destroying power of the great depart- ment stores. They are recent innova- tions in the commercial world, yet their progress has been marked by the death struggle of thousands of legitimate busi- ness ventures, and their success largely attained by the life blood, purity and virtue of multitudes of young men and women, so poorly paid that honor ceases to be a virtue. What the department stores have done for the cities, the catalogue houses are doing in the country. Our brothers in the larger cities find it an up-hill work to do a profitable legitimate hardware business. I am personally acquainted with dealers in a large city who oc- cupied whole three-story buildings with a general stock of hardware and house furnishing goods, twenty years ago, who to-day do not need one single room to carry such an assortment as they deem necessary to supply their demands. Year by year the growth in size and number of the great catalogue houses shows that they are sapping the life of the country dealers. Some writers say to meet their prices. That jis very good, if you had the Opportunity, but nine times out of ten you do not geta chance. But if you did, where is your profit, as most standard goods they sell fully as cheap or cheaper than your jobber does to you? I must confess that I do not know of any way to compete with them and live. Then there are some so-called jobbing houses, especially in sporting goods, heavy hardware, and machinery sup- plies, who will send you a catalogue and price lists, soliciting your trade, and will send the same lists to any country boy who will write for them, and sell Aluminum Money Will Increase Your Business, Cheap and Effective. Send for samples and prices. C. H. HANSON, 44 S. Clark St., Chicago, Ill. gorrovvs000s0000000000000 ® ® ® Wait until you see our$ line of ; Bicycles and ; Sundries ® ® ® ° 3 $ ® ® ® ° ® ® ® When the busy season comes you will appre- $ Ciate us as QUICK SHIP- $ PERS, and we save you 8 CALLAGHAN & RICHARDSON, Manufacturers’ Agents, REED CITY, : ® ° 3 3 3 a ® ® money. ® 3 3 3 3 MICH. 8 Sees Window Glass, Ba ware, etc., etc. 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 Louis St. SEeeeeeeeeeeeeooeeee Sporting Goods, Ammunition, Stoves Foster, Stevens & Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. 9999599955 HOG HOG OHOGOHOH r Iron, Shelf Hard- 10 & 12 Monroe St. Soeoooooooooe wun peeeeteeeoooooooes 3 oe I GRAND RAPIDS, MICH, 3 ; eeciey Alcohol, —Prstmaes, Drag ve 3 : Opium, Double iloridsor Gun $ 3 at TheKeeley @ $ Loar Distance UPC Tobacco, ances § P 634, e r S ccccceece, mm ___ Neurasthenia “wittolorpenieciem > $ *. de a ps ee ier Hpk * ees ae r Seg eg las tes cde te Tews | ee a a ae [a y et - * he ap Place, i he ata MICHIGAN TRADESMAN him the goods, too, if he will send the money. You are all acquainted with the gift enterprise of the baking powder, furni- ture polish, and soap manufacturers. You have seen whole loads of enameled ware, roasting pans, carving sets, butcher knives, toy wagons, etc., given away to induce people to pay a big price for an article otherwise not worth a penny. But there are some honorable dealers in other lines of goods who so far for- get their honor in business, and the rights of others, that they will make such gifts, as the dry goods merchant giving away scales, the clothing dealer giving away sleds, boys’ wagons, slates, etc., with every suit of boys’ clothing. It seems that nothing is suitable for gifts excepting in the hardware line. Then last, but not least, we have the range peddlers. I honor the range ped- dler,he is no cut price or gift enterprise competitor. He is indifferent to all competition. He works for his living. But, unlike my legitimate competitor, he wants good pay for his work, and he gets it just as easily as he could get half as much. You pay him his price, or he keeps his goods, and he makes money by it. James H. Hamilton. ——__~> 2 > Some Wrongs That Need Righting in the Hardware Business. How prone we are to think that we have ‘‘an edge’’ on this thing or that because of our skill and knowledge as a buyer or the favorable circumstances under which we bought our goods, and how often we find, when we use that edge to obtain some advantage in sell- ing, by cutting a little off of the price, that the ‘‘other fellow’’ has an edge that is just as sharp, or sharper than ours and cuts deep where we were only doing a little paring or pruning. Let us speak for a moment of the wrong of selling staple goods without profit. Figure the actual cost of doing our business and ascertain our cost by adding together the items of rent, fuel, light, insurance, taxes, interest on the capital and a reasonable salary ; calcu- late the per cent. this is on the amount of business we do, and how many of us are able to add that per cent. to the laid down cost and not have the price thus obtained more than we can get for barbed wire, nails, poultry netting, and numerous other of the staple articles, without getting any of a small percent- age of profit we should have in addi- tion to this actual cost. This is wrong. Every article sold should bear its per- centage of the burden of expense. Another of the conditions that con- front the hardware man of to-day is the ‘‘cut up’’ condition of the trade on many lines of goods formeriy found ex- clusively in hardware stores. The time was when tinware, enameled ware and hardware notions generally were found only at hardware stores. Now every grocery store, very many of the dry goods stores and all general or depart- ment stores carry these lines of goods; very often carry them as _ leaders, sold without profit, or use them as gift en- terprises to work off some worthless baking powder, or some other equally ““snide’’ article. It is an old axiom that “‘two wrongs never make a right,”’ but might not the putting in of a neat spice department, in which spices were sold on a nail profit, tend to right this wrong? Perhaps one of the most glaring wrongs is the sale of standard brands of mechanics’ tools by the manufactur- ers to large department stores, which are catalogued by them as leaders at wholesale prices or less. I recently had brought into my store, by a_ carpenter, a list of eighteen tools that he wanted to buy. He had made up the list from the catalogue of one of the catalogue houses and wanted our prices on them, as he was not in immediate need of them, and as part of them were goods we did not carry, we asked him to make a list of his wants in order to get prices on the lot. We had the list priced, on all the items that were of standard makes, by two of the leading hardware jobbers of the United States, and found that their prices were in some instances more than the prices of the catalogue house, the average price being about the same. The result was that we could not obtain prices on the specifications, and so lost the sale. The retailer and the jobber must right this wrong by compelling the manufac- turer to have his goods—when sold to catalogue houses—listed at a price that affords some profit to the seller, or the retailer must buy at jobbers’ prices from manufacturers, or drop those lines of goods. For myself, | am adopting the latter course. Years ago mv display case of saws held a full line of a well-known brand of goods; to-day I sell one of that brand only when compelled to, and that is very rarely. The retail mer- chants of this country placed it in the power of these large manufacturers to reach the people, and the retail mer- chants, when fully aroused to the situa- tion, will find some way of protecting their interests or to see to it that these goods do not reach consumers through them. Some of the other wrongs that need righting are: the trailing of spring wagons and buggies about the country ; the steel range racket that has heen extensively worked, both to the detri- ment of the merchant and the farmer who bought the goods. The itinerant salesman of all these classes, who pays no taxes to state, county or town, nor bears any other of the burdens borne by resident merchants, and who always gives less value for the dollar than any legitimate merchant, should be sup- pressed. This subject should be care- fully thought over, and some legislation secured to, at least, equalize the bur- dens spoken of. 1 briéfly outline a few of the wrongs in our business, and, in concluding, leave you these ‘‘nuts to crack :’’ How shall we create and maintain a warm friendship with our competitor? How shall we best avoid price cut- ting? How can we obtain a small margin of profit from the sale of staple goods? How best meet the competition of grocery, general and department stores? How can we best reach the manufac- turer who sells his goods to catalogue houses? How can we prevent the peddling of buggies, steel ranges and other goods by non-residents? Geo, F. Anderson. 2-0 A man who is thoroughly in earnest in his work will always find something to say about it. It has been told of Tennyson that he constantly bored his friends by reading his poetry to them. Tennyson was all right. He was a poet all the way through. He was in love with his work. He lived in it and for it. He dressed up to his part in life. No matter what styles grew around him, Alfred dressed like a poet, or according to his own ideas of what a poet should wear. He advertised himself continual- ly. He was in earnest. He concentrated his efforts. He Wouldn’t Quite Do. “‘T would like,’’ she said, marching up to the counter with a swing that was calculated both to attract attention and inspire awe, ‘‘tosee the manager of this department.’’ The clerk, seeing that she was_ beau- tiful, smiled at her in his blandest way, felt that he ought to avail himself of any Opportunity there might be to explain things to her, and sweetly replied: “‘f don’t see him anywhere around just now. Won’t I do?’’ She looked up and down him a few times, permitted an expression that he didn’t quite understand to overspread her features, and then replied: ““No, I don’t think you will. wife, and—’’ iy the clerk had gone to hunt for im. I’m his Hardware Price Current Augurs and Bits See 60 Jennings genuine..................... 25 Jennings’ imitation.................... 50 Axes First Quality, S. B. Bronze............ 7 00 First Quality, D. B. Bronze. .......... 11 50 First Quality, S. B. S. Steel. .......... 7 75 First Quality, D. B. Steel............. 13 00 Barrows Ce 17 00 TE net 3200 Bolts ee 60 Carnare, iow Het 65&10 iow 2.0... Se ee ees eo. 50 Buckets Nee $4 00 Butts, Cast Cast Loose Pin, figured ............... 65 Wrought Narrow... 8... 60 Cartridges eT 40810 Central Mire Chain Yin. 6-16in. 36 in % in. Com. . << ec. ..5 «€ 4%c. Be... 84 74 . 64 6 Bee 8% 7% 6% 6% Crowbars Cast Steck, per Ip...) 2... 6 Caps Bigs i@ perm. oo 65 Pies C.F perm oo 55 er 45 MMSReG DORM 75 Chisels BOcKee Biriiog 65 SOCHOE Framing. (2 6.8... 65 NOCHE COPNOF 65 SOCKOG SHORE 65 Elbows Com. 4 piece, 6 in., per doz............net 65 Corrugated, per doz......... - 1 25 Adjustable... ... 2.2... eee ee GIS 40&10 Expansive Bits Clark’s small, $18; large, $26 .......... 40 Eves’ §, Sis; 2.344: 390... 25 Files—New List New American .... 2.2... ... 22... 70&10 MICROINGH Sl 70 Heller’s Horse Rasps................ 70 Galvanized Iron Nos. 16 to 20; 22 and 24; 25 and 26; 27, 28 List 12 13 14 15 16. 17 Discount, 70 Gauges Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s.......... 60&10 Glass Single Strength, by box...............dis 85& Double Strength, by box.............. dis 85& By the Light.....................dis 80820 Hammers Maydole & Co.’s, new list.............. dis 3346 Yerkes & Plumb’s.....................dis 40810 Mason’s Solid Cast Steel........... 30¢ list 70 Hinges Gate, Clark’s 1, 2,3....................d18 60810 Hollow Ware ee 50&10 Ce 50&10 So ee 50&10 orse Nails Ae Sable .................7.. 1... is §«622>____ Some of the Dangers Incident to Rural Delivery. From the Chicago Dry Goods Reporter. A few days ago a bright retail mer- chant came to this office and urged that the subject of rural delivery receive im- mediate attention of the retail fraternity of the country, declaring it to be a most serious menace to their business wher- ever it is introduced. This man is no crank, but as clever and bright a mer- chant as can be found anywhere. He sold $56,000 of goods in a department store last year from a_ stock that in- voiced at the beginning of this year $22,000. His earnings were $4,000. He says: ‘‘I wish that the matter of rural delivery would be agitated for the edification of the retail merchants and its injury to us merchants clearly de- fined. Of all the imminent problems now confronting us, I consider rural delivery the worst. If merchants thor- oughly apprehended the peril they are in from this measure they would not be running around their communities urging their customers to petition the congressman for it. Rural delivery keeps the farmer at home, especially during winter. And whenever this oc- curs and we can't get at the farmer per- sonally we will sell him fewer goods. It is but an aggravated form of the rural telephone system. We have this in our community and Farmer Jones telephones to his neighbor Smith asking him if :he is going to town that day. If so, won't he drop into Merchant Dennis’ and buy 50 cents of granulated’ sugar for him. Let’s follow the matter further. What’s Farmer Jones going to do to kill time at home? Why, subscribe for McClure’s and Munsey’s and Ladies’ Home Journal, etc. In these journals are advertised most fascinatingly every- thing excepting the sugar and sheeting which Jones buys over the telephone or by rural delivery, Let’s look still fur- ther. As soon as rural delivery is es- tablished in a community the agent of the city daily paper is rushed in and every farmer is driven to distraction until he subscribes for a couple. What follows? The great city department stores get into the home and hands of the farmer with their advertisements, which are the very acme of deception. Maybe Jones don’t order from the city department stores, and then again may- be he does. Whether or not he does or- der that way from this time evermore he quotes these advertisements to us poor retailers until some of us feel like committing suicide. Again, getting goods from catalogue houses is not prac- ticed to-day as much as Jones would like to because he don’t want us mer- chants to see his express packages. But rural delivery helps him to avoid this publicity. Once more: Personal ac- quaintanceship with the farmer will as- sist me most beneficially; eliminate this by rural delivery and the very strongest string ] have on him is cut. Rural delivery must mean a deficit to the Government. Let the farmer sub- scribe for more magazines! What does it mean? Is not the Government to-day carrying this matter at a loss? Rural delivery will but multiply this deficit. I do not say that rural delivery can be avoided. It looks to the merchant up a row of stumps that rural delivery is in- evitable. But that merchant is a chump who chases around his community en- deavoring to install this pernicious sys- tem in his community.’’ > 02> Good Cheer. Have you had a kindness shown? Pass it on. *Twas not given for you alone— Pass it on. Let it travel down the years, Let it wipe another’s tears, Till in heaven the deed appears— Pass it on. —_-~> 2 > The golden ages of the world are so called for their culture, art and litera- ture—not for their vast accumulation of wealth. In other ! words, the old Lincoln aphorism about “fooling the people” holds forth in all its force in regard to selling clothing. “H. Bros. Correet Clothes’ are made on merit; made not to sell once, but to hold your customers and make them call for the same kind next time. As a practical clothing dealer you will | e STRONG TALKING POINTS A good salesman can sell anything— ONCE, but if the goods fail in n erit the second attempt is not so easy. appreciate the many strong talking points in our spring line. You will nnd satisfae- tion in telling them to your customers. You will appreciate the fine tailoring, the excellent way in which the garments are put together, the sterling quality of materials, linings, trimmings and find- ings used. You will show the well worked sleeves, the large and roomy arm scyes which in no way mar the fit of the coat, but rather improve. You will find cause for good conversa- tion in the neatly worked button-holes, the well-built pockets, turned collars. You will call attention to the natty set of the trousers, the way they fit over the shoes, their very graceful lines. You will show the build and style, that certain originality and difference ad- mired by all men: particular character- istics peculiar to the custom tailor suits and to ours. Incidentally we call attention to our line of Men’s Clothing for Spring, 1901, to retail at $10 and $15 the suit. These are our specialties thjs season, and we have thrown tremendous efforts into them, that you shall have a good profit, and your customers the best suits at the price on the market. Drop us a line. We'll send samples or have a repre- “You’re the doctor ” 3ros. Correct the gracefully- sentative call. You can do without “H. Clothes” next spring, but— You can’t make any money by doing so. @ileavenrich Bros SENT FREE We will send tomerchants, 4, cor all expense— XPress Charge, iin: paid—our New Book of spp, ING and SUMMER CLOTHING SA MPLES. containing 169 ‘ii ples of Men's, Boys’ana Chitdren’, Ready -to-wear Clothing Vo can do @ successful, Profital - clothing business with our ours, WALTER BUHL & CO., DETROIT, MICH. ARE HEADQUARTERS FOR NOVELTIES. THE 1901 WINNER IN ALL. NEW SHADES Prompt attention to all mail orders. SOUGSEC ROROHS SOROCHOC FOROHOCHOCHOHOC CHEOCHOHOHOHOHO FOROCEO SAMPLE Dox. |» = 5 CLOTHING C0, MRE TE Sendin your application St once. RIL ae THING CO, 6 CO = = aa e ~ TRADESMAN COUPON BOOKS 20 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN : Woman’s Worl An Open Letter to a Bridegroom. Last week, in this column, at the re- quest of a young man who has just en- tered into the holy state of matrimony, I made bold to give a few words of counsel to brides. The young benedict who asked for them for his wife did not ask for any for himself, but I am a liberal-minded woman and would like to throw ina few suggestions for his benefit by way of variety. advice In the first place, brother, I would be- speak your compassion and_ your for- bearance for the young creature whom you have just married. Men are in the way of looking on matrimony as a ben- They have so long regarded themselves as_ the prize packages in life that they can't help feeling that a woman who has the luck to draw one ought to sit down and spend the remainder of her life congratulating herself on her good fortune, This is a mistake, Marriage is serious enough for everybody, but for a woman it is the doorway to paradise or perdition. It is an episode in a man's life. It is the whole of a woman's. He has his_ busi- ness to occupy his mind, his career in which he may find atonement for disap- pointed hopes, his gay friends and di- version on the outside. She has only her husband and her home, and God help her the day she starts out to hunt for comprehension and sympathy and happiness outside of them, efit conferred on woman, Under the very best of circumstances, and when she marries the best of men, a woman's wedding ring represents a circle of sacrifices that her husband does not even understand, She gives up her home, endeared to her by a thousand tender associations; she gives up her name, of which she is as_ honorably proud as a man is of his; she gives up her liberty to shape her life and develop her talent; she gives up her family and pledges herself to follow the fortunes of her knight wherever they may lead. In the fortunate cases where the parties live in the same community this does not so much matter, but it is one of the criss-cross accidents of fate that makes us fall in love with strangers. Only those who have been through with it know what a martyrdom of homesick- ness a bride can suffer who is taken away from her own people and her own home, where she has reigned like a lit- tle queen, and dumped down in a Strange city where there is not a single soul who heard of her before or knew her or who apparently ever wants to hear of her or make her acquaintance. ever 1 am willing to admit that it is hard lines on you, too, brother, to have a wife that is simply sodden and soaked with tears, instead of the smiling and metry companion you expected, and you feel like reminding her that she married you of her own will and was precious glad to get you; but have a lit- tle patience with her now. Sympathize with her and let her go back to see mother and the girls, and she will come back cured. to her now and she will be grateful to you the longest day she lives. Remember that it takes two people to make a happy home. Custom thrusts that duty on woman and gives hera monopoly of the business, but it is an impossibility for her to run it success- fully by herself. All of us have seen her try it. Be good We have seen her get up| j i ; j \ j ; sustain one-sided conversations that she in vain tried to make cheerful. We have observed her pitiful efforts to smile man who was as cold and unre- sponsive as an iceberg. Do your part— if you want her to smile, smile some yourself. If you want a happy home bring in some brightness and _ cheerful- ness yourself. Don’t think you have done your full duty when you pay the bills. Precious few women in_ these days have to marry for their board and clothes, and unless you give her the happiness you promised her when you asked her to be your wife, you are cheating her out of her just dues. on a Don’t acquire the m-m-m-m_ habit. If women ever get a hand in the law- making the m-m-m-m habit will be one of the causes for divorce. Many men have it. I have seen a woman meet her husband at the door upon his return in the evening and give him a kiss of wel- come. ‘‘ How are you?’’ she would ask. ‘‘M-m-m-m,’’ he would reply. ‘‘ Heard any news?’’ she would ask, with un- abated hope and courage. ‘‘M-m-m-m,”’ he would respond. At dinner it was the same way. Whenever he was asked _ if he would have a_ help of any dish he would grunt out ‘‘M-m-m-m.’’ When she retailed the family news and neigh- borhood gossip, he made the same _ elo- quent comment, until finally, with a growl, he subsided into the evening paper. Now isn’t that a nice, lively prospect for an evening’s entertainment for a woman who has been hard at work, shut up in her home all day, and who has a right to expect her husband to give her some companionship, and, at least, as old nurses say to their charges, answer pretty when spoken to. It’s a melancholy truth that in many and many a household a dummy, with an evening paper in its hand, could be substituted for the husband, and the wife would never find out the difference. It would be just as responsive and en- tertaining. Whenever you see a widow looking mighty resigned and enjoying herself on the insurance money, you may wager your best hat that her de- parted spouse had the ‘‘m-m-m-m"’ habit. Treat your wife like a rational being ~—not like a baby. Throw some respon- sibility on her. Teach her to use money and to save it. Make her feel that she is your business partner and that the success of the firm depends on her good sense and judgment just as much as it does on yours. We should hear fewer stories of women’s extravagance if we heard oftener of men who made _ confi- dants of their wives. A man’s idea of shielding the woman he loves from any wind that might blow roughly upon her is very poetic, and it might be kind if he had some way of protecting her per- petually; but he hasn't, and in almost every life the time storm breaks with all its fury upon her and she is absolutely helpless and de- Unwise love has kept her a baby in experience and knowledge of real life, and she is the most forlorn and pitiful creature in the world. Don't do it, brother. The comrades we love best are those with whom we have fought shoulder to shoulder, and the ideal marriage is not that in which the wife is a pretty doll, to be dressed up and played with when one is in holiday mood. It is the marriage where the man turns to his wife, in joy or sorrow, in prosperity or poverty, secure that in fenseless. good dinners for a husband who grum-| one heart he will find perfect compan- bled and growled. We have seen herjionship and understanding and the comes when the power that braces him up to fight his battle to the death. Praise her. Before marriage you said a thousand charming things to her. You noticed every new frock and were ready to write sonnets to her eyebrows. Did you ever think with what a dull, cold thud a woman’s spirits must go down when she first realizes that your com- pliments were merely campaign speeches and that, having won her, you don’t propose to waste any more eloquence on the subject? I assure you that, although you never notice it now, she has the same eyebrows and hair and eyes she had in the courting days, and that she would enjoy a compliment from her husband ten times as much as she did from her lover. You see, you were not the only source of supply then. There were other men who admired her just as much as youdid. There may be still, and they may not be so chary about tell- ing her. Men don’t think of that, but I have often wondered if there wouldn’t be fewer silly women hunting for affini- ties in society if they had more compli- ments at home. Women are funny creatures and it’s worth remembering that one will let a man mistreat her and starve her and neglect her and still go on thinking she is blessed above all others of her sex, if he will only tell her often enough that he loves her and praise her housekeeping. Don’t marry a girl for one thing and expect her to change into something else. The days of fairy metamorphose, when a cat changed into a beautiful and adorable princess, are past. If you were fool enough to marry a bit of Dresden china when you needed serviceable delft, be man enough to abide by the conse- quences. Don’t take it out on the poor little painted china shepherdess, who A Beautiful Lamp. From the Sunday Herald. The new gas lamp be- ing manufactured by the Pentone Gas Lamp com- pany, No 240 South Front street, city, is a marvel of economy and beauty. It burns at a cost of less than 25c per month and produces a_ 1oo-candle power light. They are very simple to operate; it takes but 15 seconds to startone. The clum- siness and long-standing defects of the many so- called lamps on the mar- ket have been entirely overcome. The Pentone Lamp is gracefully con- structed of small size, brass tubing, not subject to corrosion and clogging, and requires very little attention. The metal work of this lamp is finely finished in nickel. They have single and double burners, with a variety of globes to choose from. The lamps can be put in any house. They run in price from $4 50 to $6.00, The factory is open all day and night until 9 o’- clock. Call and see the coming lamp of the day. Mail orders promptly filled. PENTONE GAS LAMP CO. 240 South Front Street Grand Rapids, Mich. Near Fulton Street Bridge. PRICE COMPLETE $5.00 The Guarantee of in Baked Goods. age of our goods. selves. make in the year. PSPTPHPTETETE TE TEE NE TH " Found on every pack- Good goods create a demand for them- It is not so much what you make on one pound. L £5 = o = = = fn Q S = Q - Grand Rapids, Mich. en — ea — en — en a" en —~ ean —- en — a _— ean —" en — NTIIPFAST TENT TENPYINILZ Purity and Quality It’s what you aU dbdb db dadadbabad — I B5.00 2 _ ® d ® _ ® _ 4 -_ ® _ ®= _ ® _ 4 -_ *= ad 4 ™_ = -_ ® d 4 ° TAB eg nase enanan: Alin anasto iM lg A grea oP acntt8 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 21 isn’t to blame for what she is and never pretended to be anything else but an ornament. Sometimes I think that that is the cruelest thing on earth. A man falls in love with a little silly, frivolous girl, who has never done an hour’s work in her life and hasn’t two ideas in her head, and yet the moment the marriage ceremony is read over them, he expects her to change into a sensible, practical, helpful woman, capable of being his companion. Half the misery of the world comes in right here. Here are the beginnings of all those unhappy lives where the husband is disappointed in his wife and grows away from her. What right has he to be disappointed in her? Of all the millions of women on earth he picked her out as his choice. Her silliness was there for him to see. Her light, shallow nature was there for him to fathom, and he has no right to punish poor little butterfly for his error. If you picked out the wrong woman, have the merit at least of not whining. Be a dead game loser. Dorothy Dix. ____—> 4-2 __ Wise Woman Who Knows Her Own Class. Everybody who has ever thought about the matter at all must have been thor- oughly prepared for the announcement that Lady Warwick’s London shop was a financial failure. When a fashionable woman goes into business or adopts a profession or undertakes to run a prac- tical philanthropy, prudent people pre- pare for the worst and try to stand from under. If the real working women of the world could put up one prayer more fer- vent than the rest, it would be a peti- tion to be delivered from the amateur working woman. Everywhere she is a pest and a nuisance, who discredits feminine labor the world over and makes it a synonym for incompetence and unreliability. She always starts out with a flourish of trumpets and an amount of free news paper advertising that would make her fortune if the goods on her shelves were any account. In effect she says to the world: If a woman with nothing in her favor but brains and training for the work can succeed, what a howling tri- umph you may expect when a genuine society leader tackles the job! Then she launches her little scheme. Sometimes it is bonnets, and we read in the paper with bated breath that Mrs. Van Tootem has opened a millin- ery shop. She has no qualifications for the business, but she has a pedigree that is supposed to make good for all deficiencies, and her prices are as alti- tudinous as her social position. Mrs. Van Tootem’s dear 500 friends go once to see how she looks behind the counter —we really bear these things when they happen to our friends with great for- titude—and then they go no more. There are limits to the sacrifices of affection, and paying two prices for amateur millinery is one of them. Sometimes it is a teahouse, where the name over the door is so august that it is supposed to atone for poor service and lukewarm slops. Sometimes—alack the day—she has the evil inspiration to start a fashionable boarding-house, where she makes up in style what she lacks in food. Sometimes she accepts a position in a business house, where she works when she feels like it, and lays off when she doesn’t, but wherever she is she is an anomaly in the working world who expects to overthrow all the conditions of trade. She moves about in a halo of her own making, relying on the radiance of her position to ex- cuse her for giving short measure and bad service and poor quality. It is no wonder that she fails, and if she hurt no one but herself it would be a small matter, but, unfortunately, she is always a conspicuous example of woman’s incompetence, and other wom- en are judged by her, and she does an infinitude of harm to her sex. It is the society actresses who are going on the stage to elevate it of whom we hear, not the plodding, hard-working actresses who are trying their best to be worthy of the position on the stage in which they find themselves. It is the fashion- able woman who goes into business with the avowed purpose of dignifying la- bor, and then goes into bankruptcy, of which we hear, not the million of in- dustrious, honest working women who are holding down good positions. In spite of all that is said to the con- trary, class is a good thing, and it isa wise woman who knows her own class, and stays in It. Cora Stowell. ~~ -6-@ Charity Sprinkled on the Sidewalk. Written for the Tradesman. ‘*That’s what I call charity,’’ ex- claimed a pleased old lady as she reached a part of the icy sidewalk which a boy was liberally sprinkling. ‘‘ Well, ‘taint,’’ was the ungracious rejoinder of the urchin, determined to get even with somebody for his reluctant service, ‘it’s salt !’’ The pleasantry is worth recording only as it introduces a very seasonable topic in which the public is especially interested. For some weeks the weather has veneered the streets and sidewalks with ice. The walks, with an occasional break, have been promptly cleared of snow, but stone and macadam covered with ice make wary walking and the ac- cidents—some of them serious—resulting from trying to walk on them urgently call for a liberal sprinkling of charity, or salt, or sawdust—whatever it be—as a much needed preventive. This the walks do not receive. On level streets the pedestrian finds it bad enough, but where there is even a gentle incline it is almost impossible to get on at all and the middle of the street is appropriated by the public. To increase the diffi- culty the coasters have taken possession of the sidewalks and happy, as weil as lucky, is he who reaches the end of his journey without contact more or less violent with mother earth. The circum- stances call for an ample supply of the old lady's ingredient. That, in the form of sawdust, or salt, or ashes if the law allows, will remove every difficulty. A sprinlking of earth—perhaps the best of all—will soon send the coasters into the street, where it is intended they should slide, and the rest of humanity, with confidence restored, can go on its way rejoicing. Were this all the matter it would not have been mentioned. A slip here and a fall there are things to be expected, and each must look out for himself or take the consequences. That goes with- out saying: but it does not go without saying that a piece of glary sidewalk in front of a dwelling is no concern of the occupant of that dwelling and that acci- dents resulting therefrom are nothing to him. He, better than any one else, knows the conditions of his own side- walk and it by on means follows that he, from mere indifference, should ex- pose the neighborhood to dangers which he, by a little charity or sawdust, can easily prevent. The same ordinance that forces the clearing of the sidewalk oe 9 cident from ice, but ‘* *twere good you do so much for charity’’ is as much to the point now as when Shylock an- swered, ‘‘I can not find it. It is not in the bond.”’ Fight against it as we may, we are our brother’s keeper and the householder or the business firm that will sawdust his doorsteps to the sidewalk and then leave that a skating rink may find, as Shylock did—and should—that there are conditions out of the bond as exacting as those that are in it and that, while the ordinance does not say that the duty of the citizen shall include the dusting of his sidewalk, it is intended to secure safety there to life and limb and any negligence resulting in such disaster should exact its penalty. Upon the principle that what is everybody’s busi- ness is nobody’s business the walks and the streets and the highways often be- come so many pitfalls for the unwary and bruises and sprains and broken bones are the inevitable result. It be- hooves every one to be on his guard during the season of ice and snow and if at the same time a little more of the old lady’s charity can be sprinkled upon the sidewalks there will be less need of criticism or sermon to drive home the truth which both are intended to pre- sent. 0 Detroit to Florida Without Change of Cars. Beginning with Monday, Jan. 14, and continuing daily thereafter, excepting Saturday and Sunday, a through Pull- man drawing room sleeping car will be operated between Detroit and Jackson- ville and St. Augustine, Fla., leaving on Michigan Central train at 12:35 p. m., arriving at Jacksonville 7:40 and St. Augustine 8:40 p. m. the following day—only one night out. Full particu- lars obtainable at Michigan Central ticket offices. 906 Ballou Baskets Arc Best Is conceded. Uncle Sam knows it and uses them by the thousand, We make all kinds. Market Baskets, Bushel Baskets, Bamboo De- livery Baskets, Splint Delivery Baskets, Clothes Baskets, Potato Baskets, Coal Baskets, Lunch Baskets, Display Baskets, Waste Baskets, Meat Baskets, Laundry Baskets, Baker Baskets, Truck Baskets. Send for catalogue. BALLOU BASKET WORKS, Belding, Mich. William Reid Importer and Jobber of Polished Plate, Window and Ornamental Glass Paint, Oil, White Lead, Var- nishes and Brushes GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. L. BUTLER, Resident Manager. YOUR CUSTOMER butter salt and DIAMOND is once introduced. does not compel guarding against ac- Anybody can see the difference. men will not use ordinary salts after can’t help but see the difference between ordinary CRYSTAL BUTTER SALT Intelligent dairy- “Tue Salt THats ALL SALT’ If you think a pleased cus- tomer is a good advertisement; if you think it pays to keep what the best buyers want; if you desire to be known as a first class grocer we shall expect to hear from you. Diamond Crystal Salt Co. St. Clair, Michigan 22 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Butter and Eggs Observations by a Gotham Egg Man. The question of changing the rule ot egg sales from *‘‘loss off’’ to ‘‘at mark’’ has lately been discussed a good deal by members of the egg trade and, I un- derstand, has also been considered at meetings of the egg committee. So much of the business in fresh receipts is now being done from store on a case count basis that many have thought the rule should be changed at once. I am informed that the egg committee has deferred changing the rule at present for the reason that when the official mark season begins fresh gathered firsts must contain 85 per cent. of new eggs and they have considered that as yet too small a part of the receipts would come up to these requirements. At present fresh gathered will pass as firsts if they contain 65 per cent. new stock and they can be sold at mark under the present rule if the loss does not exceed 1% dozen to the case. A good many of the fresh gathered eggs now arriving will pass inspection under the rule as firsts although some lots have lately been turned down be- cause of too great a mixture with held and shrunken eggs. On average prime regular packings from country stations the case count value is about Ic below the current loss off price, but there are some ordinary lots that have to be cut a little lower and a few marks that show careful grading—dirties and small be- ing thrown out—that sell at mark only about '%c under the loss off quotation. Last fall, during the presidential campaign I noticed in a Western paper the account of a political speech in which the orator, referring to the pros- perous condition of the Western farmer, declared that the Chicago market reports showed the value of Western cattle to be $6 per 100 pounds. Being curious to ascertain the basis of this statement I looked the matter up and found that at the time a few small sales of fancy beef cattle were being made on the Chicago market at the price mentioned while the bulk of the supply was selling at con- siderably lower figures, with some poor stock ranging down to $2.50; probably the average of the sales was somewhere about $5 per 100 pounds. No doubt this political speaker was honest enough in his intentions; he had probably looked at a Chicago market report, noticed a report of a sale of beef cattle at $6, and jumped to the conclusion that beef cat- tle were worth $6 per Ioo pounds in the Chicago market. It seems to me a good illustration of the careless manner in which market reports are very frequently regarded, even by those who are direct- ly interested in the sale of the goods quoted and who might be expected to use more discrimination. In the egg market a considerable range of quota- tions is necessary to cover the widely varying quality of the stock received; this is especially the case when the quotations are made on a case count basis. If eggs are sold loss off a range of qualities can be sold at a uniform price, but the net results are irregular because of the varying losses. A loss off quotation really conveys no _ intelligent idea of the net value of goods, but it is evident that quotations on a case count basis are also meaningless unless the different qualities corresponding with the different prices quoted are fully un- derstood and their difference appre- ciated. It is quite frequent for a ship- per of eggs to this market to complain of sales made at really full value be- cause the returned price does not corres- pond with the highest quotation and it really seems sometimes as if people ata distance from the market place, looking for information as to market values, have eyes only for the highest quoted figures. + + # My previous expectation that we should have a winter of rapidly fluctuat- ing egg values is, naturally, being fully realized. Some of my readers may be at a loss to understand why Western eggs should be worth two or three cents more or less one day than the next and an ex- planation of some of these rapid fluc- tuations may be interesting. Let us take last week’s varying market for example. During the first half of the week the liberal arrivals that began a week previously continued ; more stock was coming in than was required by the moderate current needs of the trade and there was a considerable surplus. The weather was warm in many of the principal producing sections and prices at interior markets were weakening. There were offers to lay stock down here at 18%@loc, and this caused a lack of local speculative support. Under these circumstances a good many receivers who had eggs arriving under limits, rather than turn away regular customers, sold them and took the chances, so that by the middle of the week there were rather less eggs in store than shippers’ limits called for. Now as the egg mar- ket is decidedly fickle at this season, liable to radical changes in prospective supply at short notice, a receiver who has sold limited eggs is in a ticklish position and inclined to rush to cover at the first sign of a firmer situation. So last Thursday, when cold weather ap- peared in the West and when it became evident by trial that stock could not be bought at all freely in the Southwest at the prices quoted, there was a general demand for stock to cover short sales and so much of the supply was put up in the lofts for that purpose that there was hardly enough left to supply urgent needs. Of course this turned prices up- ward immediately and by Saturday there had been a jump amounting altogether to 4c per dozen. Now it is easy to see the position in which this placed the market. The advance was caused by taking out of regular channels and ac- cumulating in first hands a considerable part of the receipts; had orders to sell come in at all generally it would cer- tainly have been impossible to comply without letting prices down again.—N. Y. Produce Review. ——_-~> 4. ____ Maple Sugar Getting Purer. From the New York Tribune. ‘You will find this season’s crop of maple sugar better than ever,’’ said the man who dealt in such things to his friend, the real estate agent, as they rode into town for the day’s business. ‘‘And why is that?’’ he asked. ‘‘Are the trees improving with age, or are they grafting something into them?’’ ““Vhe sugar will be better because they are keeping something out of it,’’ he began. ‘‘Butternut sugar is worth more than ever before, and the growers can’t afford to mix it with their maple. You know there is a good bit more sac- charine in butternut sap than in maple, and ever since there was a particularly short crop about ten years ago the farm- ers have been pouring the sap into their maple vats, in spite of its bitter, nutty flavor. The drug trade has found a market for butternut sugar under its own name, and this year the price is away up, while maple sugar prices will range rather low.”’ 98 South Division Street, SmokedoFish Market Firm and Strong. The smoked fish market is becoming firm and strong, and retailers who in- tend to buy should get in the market as early as possible, as prices will un- doubtedly be higher. Both bloaters and herring are strong. New England advices report them very scarce, the catch being unusually light. Already there has been from 5 to Io per cent. advance in price, and there will be further advances very shortly. There is not even in ordinary times a great abundance of smoked fish, and the slightest curtailment of the catch makes itself felt at once. Imported her- ring are coming in in their usual vol- ume, but they do not compete with the domestic, being of a different character. All signs point to a further advance in both bloaters and herring. Some packers, notably the Sardine Trust, which is also a heavy operator in The New White Light Gas Lamp Co. ILLUMINATORS. 2 4 + | } More brilliant and fifteen times cheaper than electricity. The coming light of the future for smoked fish, have withdrawn quota- | homes, stores and churches. They are odorless, ti smokeless, ornamental, portable, durable, inex- 1ons. _. and absolutely safe. Dealersand agents cee e judicious and write us for catalogue. Big The business man who is wise in his generation can adroitly suggest the wisdom of certain purchases between seasons. There are goods imperishable and changeless as to styles that ‘‘will not eat anything’’ if kept ready for use for months before they are actually needed. BEANS===-BEANS WANTED-—Peans in small lots and by carload. If can offer any Beans send one pound sample each grade and will endeavor to trade with you. MOSELEY BROS. Jobbers of Fruits, Seeds, Beans and Potatoes 26, 28, 30, 32 Ottawa Street Grand Rapids, Michigan lf You Ship Poultry Try the Leading Produce House on the Eastern Market. 398 East. High St. F. J. Schaffer & Co., DETROIT, MICH. SPP SS DB SB RB SBeoeoewewwm Geo. N. Huff & Co., f WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Butter, Eggs, Poultry, Game, Dressed Meats, Etc. f COOLERS AND COLD STORAGE ATTACHED. Consignments Solicited. money in selling our lamps. Live people want light, dead ones don’t need any. Wehave twenty different designs, both pressure and gravity, in- cluding the best lighting system for stores and churches. Mantles and Welsbach supplies at wholesale prices. THE NEW WHITE LIGHT GAS LAMP CO., 283 W. Madison St., Chicago, Ill. Ee SR OR ER TR 74 East Congress St., Detroit, Mich. SSN NBN BBB DS Rew BEANS We are in the market for all grades, good or poor, car lots or less. Send one or two pound sample. ALFRED J. BROWN SEED Co. BEAN GROWERS AND DEALERS GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Highest Market Prices Paid. Regular Shipments Solicited. Grand Rapids, Mich. » wv % a \ « ° { bd @ | a ~~ "E | | - . «a | - *? ie, a eo rie » fe 7 | * << eae ° we -— @ { * & > <4 » w~ ‘ rs; -—>@ | rv | » j 4 ys ~_—— BP | a; > ~ e ae «Sef? —~2 , @ | ie, 7 Ww le ( Re + Yo y ik w via a a { @ |b «@ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 23 The New York Market Special Features of the Grocery and Prod- uce Trades. Special Correspondence. New York, Jan. 26—The present is a sort of ‘‘between-seasons’’ period and jobbers generally report something of a quietude. The coffee movement at pri- mary points continues large and this staple is certainly in for a low range for a considerable time. The market can be denominated as unsettled and, with no encouragement in the cables from Europe, the outlook is for about the present rates for Rios and Santos for the remainder of the season. No. 7 Rio is nominally 7c. In store and afloat the stock aggregates 951,511 bags, against 1,125,718 bags at the same tirne last year. Mild grades sell very slowly, both jobbers and roasters reporting a very inactive market. Good Cucuta, 83,@gc. East India sorts are in about the usual request, and this is not saying much for the activity. While a better tone is reported as generally prevailing in the sugar mar- ket, it would be hard to tell just where this state of affairs exists in particular. To a casual observer it would seem as if the situation were very quiet and that buyers were taking only enough to last from day today. Jobbers seem to be pretty well supplied and the spring “‘rush’’ has not yet set in. No further changes are noted in list prices, except with a few grades of softs, which have been shaded 5 pcints. The tea market continues steady and dealers seem to feel more encourage- ment each week. Prices are well sus- tained, the demand is pretty good and, altogether, the outlook for the tea mar- ket is more favorable than for a long time. Sales are not large in any one case, but the prospects are good. Rice prices generally are firm, but the demand is only for small lots. With the advancing season dealers hope for a more active state of trade,although mat- ters might be worse than at present. Prices are unchanged, either for foreign or domestic. There is nothing doing in an invoice way in spices and little in any other way. Jobbers invariably report a quiet market and quotations are unchanged, but ‘‘barely steady.’’ Grocery grades of molasses are doing fairly well, but there is no rush of or- ders. Prices are pretty well sustained and dealers appear to be tolerably well satisfied at the condition of affairs, hop- ing for something better farther on. Good to prime domestic grades, 17@ 26c. Syrups are in rather light supply, but there seem to be enough to meet the demand, which is only moderate. Quotations are practically unchanged. There is a little better feeling among canned goods brokers and, with the ap- proach of spring,it is hoped that affairs will take on a still healthier tone. Prices are pretty well sustained and, while buyers are not tumbling over each other, they are not inclined to dicker and, upon the whole, canned goods are doing better than for a long time. New Jersey tomatoes show steady sale at 80 @82%4c for standard 3s, and if goods are offered for less there is something lacking in quality of goods or cans, In corn the most conspicuous thing to be noted is the absence of sales of futures. Pack of Maine, Igo1, is offered at 80@ 85c f. o. b. Portland. California goods are doing well and prices are firmly sustained. Lemons have sold at former quota- tions and the movement is very light. There is some business doing in or- anges, California navels selling for $2 up to $3.50 for fancy stock. Floridas are selling with about the usual freedom within the range of $3.50@4.50. Bananas are quiet and without change. Not a single item of interest can be picked up in the dried fruit market. Prices all around show little if any change. The demand is moderate and both sides seem to be waiting for future developments. Evaporated apples are selling at lower quotations, although fancy goods in cartons are good sellers the year around. There is a_ better tone to the butter market. Best Western creamery is worth 22c. Seconds to firsts, 18@21c. West- ern imitation creamery, 15@17c. West- ern factory, 12%@14c, the latter for fancy stock. The cheese market continues to ex- hibit a healthy appearance and dealers seem to be quite well satisfied with the tendency of affairs. Large size, New York State, full cream, is worth 1I2c. The stocks of eggs on hand are seem- ingly sufficient to meet requirements and, with daily arrivais of an average character, the market is hardly as strong as last week. Beans are firm and prices seem to be established to last. Choice marrow, $2.55; choice medium, $2.25; choice pea, $2.30. a Run Your Own Business. H. L. Freeman in Dry Goods Reporter. When we made our first attempt at clerking in a country store, presided over by an old German, who did a long- winded credit business, he always urged us to pay the people a few cents more a pound for butter, eggs, etc., saying that then we could get any price we wanted for the goods. This doctrine seems to he handed down to the present day, but the customers have changed. The de- partment stores of the large cities and the cash stores of every town have posted the people as to values, yet the credit merchants still cling to the old way of big prices for country produce, with the idea of making up the _ losses on goods on the prices of which the people are not posted. We claim that the country merchant who pays high prices for produce and tries to make it back on his goods is the means of send- ing more customers to the city stores than all other causes combined. We find that farmers are better posted on the prices of merchandise than town people; they read more. Consequently, when they take the produce to the deal- er who cffers the most for it and take in payment sugar, coffee, salt and calico at less than cost, and then the balance in cash and buy their goods elsewhere, who is to blame? We have handled country produce for more than six years and never pay more than we could get for it. We sell only for spot cash and have one price, no matter how large the quantity. We find no trouble at all to meet city prices, and often go them one better. Our business has grown from $76,000 done in 1895 to $130,000 in Igoo. The population of the town is about 5,000. We have built our business up in competition with all kinds of stores, and it has taken us twelve years to do it. We started with a capital of $1,000, borrowed at that. We give these figures in the hope of helping some merchant to quit growling and get into the fight. Pav only a just price for produce. Sell only for spot cash. Have but one price. Be fearless in doing right. Run your own business ; don’t let your customers run it for you. Have a system, and stand by it through thick and thin. Work without ceasing. 8 - Problem of Feeding the Poorer People. From the Hospital. As civilization advances and_ the sense of responsibility in the individual for his fellows in cities increases, the desire to secure adequate arrangements for feeding the people increases too. Indeed, in nations where the rush and scramble of modern life are less felt than in countries where commercial en- terprise has quickened the desire in all classes to grow rapidly prosperous, and where, in consequence, there is more time at the disposal of everybody to think out problems which do not direct- ly concern the business or lives of the more prosperous classes, there the prob- lem of feeding the poorer residents in cities has been solved to a greater ex- tent and on a sounder basis than else- where. Thus, the Norwegians have an excellent system at Christiania whereby every poor family can obtain sound, wholesome food, well cooked and _pala- table, at very small cost. Naturally, the same system prevails in Sweden, and in the city of Vienna there is probably the most complete system of people’s res- taurants to be found anywhere. We have visited all these countries, have enquired very closely into the systems pursued and have been struck with the popularity of the provision made and Its success, both financially and_ gener- ally. That success is due to an appre- ciation of the habits and tastes of the va- rious peoples for whom the provision has been made; and it will surprise no- body to hear that the kinds of food and methods of cooking, and the various ar- ticles which are most popular at the people’s restaurants referred to, differ very materially in Norway and Sweden, and to a greater extent still in Austria, when a comparison is made between the Viennese plan and that pursued in the Northern countries referred to. Still, the encouraging fact, and one which has constantly to be borne in mind, is that all three systems have proved success- ful, and that their success is increasing year by year. —__—__~> 6 > — Coal Oil and Vinegar as a Tonie. From the Philadelphia Ledger. A coroner’s jury to-day fixed the cause of the death of Katherine Peters, who died last week on the day after her re- turn from Camden, N. J., where she was employed, and removed the cloud of mystery that has surrounded the case. The jury found that the girl came to her death from gastritis, superinduced by the excessive use of coal oi] and vine- gar, presumably recommended by a friend for general debility, from which she had been suffering. —___»_-20 ~~. A Serious Difficulty. “*No,’’ said Willie Wishington, ‘‘I never expect to marry.’’ **Why not?’’ ‘*Well, I shouldn't care to marry a woman who was not clever. And if I proposed to one and she regarded me as sufficiently intelligent and forbearing to make a_ suitable husband—why, then I shouldn’t regard her as clever.”’ a Misery loves company ; but it does not deserve it. Don’t /, | buy sas) | an a —— 1) Awning MUNIN ES | stil Awives!| you get ; our SS prices. Chas. A. Coye, 11 Pearl St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Send for prices. GAS READING LAMPS No wick, no oil, no trouble—always ready. A Gas Reading Lamp is the most satisfactory kind to use. A complete lamp including tubing and genuine Welsbach Mantles and Wels- bach lamps as low as $3. Suitable for offices and stores as well. GRAND RAPIDS GAS LIGHT CoO., Pearl and Ottawa Sts. You ought to sell LILY WHITE “The flour the best cooks use” VALLEY CITY MILLING CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. We make a specialty of Pure Rye Flour We have the best equipped mill in Mich- igan for this purpose. Write for prices. We deal direct with merchants, Olsen & Youngquist, Whitehall, Mich. POTA TOES CAR LOTS ONLY State quantity, variety and quality. If have car on track, give initial and number of car—station loaded or to be loaded. H. ELMER MOSELEY & CO., GRAND RAPIDS. CLARK BUILDING, OPPOSITE UNION STATION. ARMIN HPA eC RnR aati We Are Direct Carload Receivers of California and Florida ORANGES and jobbers of the best of everything in seasonable fruits, nuts, figs, dates, etc., for holiday trade. Your mail orders will receive careful attention. Wanted—Beans, Onions, Apples, Potatoes, Honey. Write us what you have to offer. @ 3 Vinkemulder Company, 14 Ottawa St., Grand Rapids. Mich. EEE a ees PON ED sponses ase We can use your SMALL SHIP- MENTS as well as the larger ones. L.O. SNEDECOR Ezz Receiver We want Fresh EGGS. We are 36 Harrison Street, New York REFERENCE:—NEW YORK NATIONAL EXCHANGE BANK, NEW YORK candling for our retail trade all the time. — a WU>ry> THE ALABASTINE Com- PANY, in addition to their world-renowned wall coat- ing, ALABASTINE through their Plaster Sales Department, now manufac- ture and sell at lowest prices in paper or wood, in carlots or less, the following prod- ucts: Plasticon The long established wall plaster formerly manufac- tured and marketed by the American Mortar Company (Sold with or without sand.) N. P. Brand of Stucco The brand specified after competitive tests and used by the Commissioners for all the World’s Fair statuary. Bug Finish The effective Potato Bug Exterminator. Land Plaster Finely ground and of supe- rior quality. For lowest prices address Alabastine Company, Plaster Sales Department Grand Rapids, Mich. A MODERN WONDER Approved by the National Board of Fire Underwriters; can therefore be used in any insured building without additional cost for insurance. AA FLOOD ig OF LIGHT’ fag AMERICAN ARC | ce £ The finest artificial light in the world. Hang or stand them anywhere. One lamp lights ordinary store; two ample for room 25x 100 feet. No smoke. No odor. Very simple to operate. explosive. Burns ordinary gasoline. 800 candle-power light at a cost of 5c for 10 hours, Absolutely non- BRASS MFG. & SUPPLY CO. Ask for Catalogue. 192-194 Michigan Street, CHICAGO. + iy ¥ ov >_< = og e - ~~ » @ r € = e-a? aa a a ee MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 25 Commercial Travelers Michigan Knights of the Grip President, Gko. F. OWEN, Grand Rapids; Sec- retary, A. W. Srirt, Jackson; Treasurer, JOHN W. SCHRAM, Detroit. Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Association President, A. MARYMONT, Detroit; Secretary and Treasurer, GEO. W. HILL, Detroit. United Commercial Travelers of Michigan Grand Counselor, J. MooRE, Jackson; Grand Secretary, A. KENDALL, Hillsdale; Grand Treasurer, W. S. MEst, Jackson. Grand Rapids Council No. 131, U. C. T. Senior Counselor, JOHN G. KoLB; Secretary- Treasurer, L. F. er. Michigan Commercial Travelers’ Mutual Accident Association President, J. BoyD PANTLIND, Grand Rapids; Secretary and Treasurer, GEO. F. OWEN, Grand Rapids. What Is Success? Is it to worship earthly, groveling Gold, And, dollar-blinded, to look only down, To rake the muck-heap and forget the crown, Until Youth's bounding blood creeps strangely cold; To dwell with Envy, Arrogance and Dread; To barter all Benevolence for dross; To lose Companionship—nor feel its loss, . Because the flower of Sympathy is dead— Is that Suecess? To labor for the rainbow bubble, Fame— Afloat so fairly in the morning air— A perfect jewel for a prince to wear— Is it a recompense for all its claim? Thro’ careful night, and crowded, strenuous day, Thro’ iron rebuff or flattery—like snow That leaves one thirsty—it is grasped, and, lo! It vanishes in Nothingness away !— Is that Success? With comrade Duty, in the dark or day, To follow Truth—wherever it may lead; To hate all meanness, cowardice or greed; To look for Beauty under common clay; Our brothers’ burdens sharing, when they weep; But, if we fall, to bear defeat alone; To live in hearts that loved us, when we’re Beyond the twilight (till the morning break) to — That is Success! Ernest Neal Lyon. ~~ -___ Gripsack Brigade. H. W. Modlin, Northern Michigan representative for the Beacon Falls Rubber Co., who was married in Chi- cago Dec. 25, has taken up his residence in Grand Rapids, locating at 684 Wealthy avenue. Abram Jennings, traveling represen- tative for the Lemon & Wheeler Co., has returned from Ontario, where he was called by the death of his father. His territory was covered in his absence by D. John Huntley. C. L. Corey has been engaged by Ed- win J. Gillies & Co. to assist Joseph P. Visner to cover the grocery trade of Grand Rapids and surrounding towns. Lynn Visner will attend to the delivery of the Gillies goods, heretofore handled by Mr. Corey. Geo. W. Shaw, who for ten years represented the Phipps-Penoyer Co. in the capacity of traveling salesman, has engaged to represent the Worden Gro- cery Co., taking the Saginaw Valley as his territory. He will continue to re- side in Saginaw. G. Duane Morris, who has been for several years past with the Michigan Leather Co., of Detroit, has engaged as traveling salesman with the Cappon & Bertsch Leather Co., of this city, and will assume his new duties on Feb. 11. His territory will be alternately the Northern Peninsula and Northern In- diana. Sault Ste. Marie News: T. J. Greg- ory, the well-known traveling man who has sold the groceries of the Sprague- Warner Co. in this territory for the past nine years, has resigned his position with that firm to accept one with the Scotten & Dillion Co., recently organ- ized in Detroit for the manufacture of smoking and chewing tobaccos. Mr. Gregory’s territory will be the Upper Peninsula, Northern Wisconsin and a section of Northern Minnesota. Coldwater Courier: Clay Tuttle, trav- eling salesman for the Tappan Shoe Manufacturing Co. of this city, is un- doubtedly one of the best whistlers in this country. He not only whistles the same as all champion whistlers, but ex- cels in the fact that he can whistle a duet at his own pleasure, consisting of either two leads, a soprano and alto, a soprano and tenor, or a soprano and bass. This is done by a method he has of whistling his lower notes with the back of his tongue and the higher with his lips. The two parts are entirely in- dependent of each other and are com- pletely at his will, He can strike an octave, both notes being in perfect har- mony, and run a scale in octaves. Mr. Tuttle, besides his duet whistling, gives some imitations of various kinds of birds, that of the canary being quite realistic. ‘ Loe es The Grain Market. Wheat has been growing stronger dur- ing the week. There was an advance of fully 3c a bushel, but the advance was too rapid and it settled back a point or two. Receipts at initial points are growing less. This is especially true of the Northwest, where the short crop is being felt by the small receipts. Ex- ports keep up. Bradstreet reports the shipments from the United States and Canada at 4,839,000 bushels, against 3,336,000 bushels the previous week, all of which gave the market a firmer tone. While some timid longs sold largely, it was all absorbed and more was wanted. All offerings were taken by large holders for investment, as wheat is really the cheapest commodity going at present. It would not surprise us to see it climb considerable more, as the scarcity of good wheat becomes more pronounced daily. The visible made another decrease of 405,000 bush- els. -Our large visible will melt away before the trade is aware of it. Corn, notwithstanding the large in- crease of 2,394,000 bushels, kept very strong. Prices were not reduced. If anything, a slight advance of %c a bushel can be recorded. All offerings were accepted as fast as offered. There is quite an export demand for it. It looks as if present prices will be main- tained. Oats showed a decrease of 319,000 bushels, which gave them a stronger tone, and more are wanted at going prices. ‘ Rye made a gain of Ic per bushel, but the price can not be said to be stronger, as only very choice brings the top price. The flour trade has been good, both local and domestic. Exports in flour have also been better of late. The Eng- lish markets have been slow, on account of the death of Queen Victoria. How- ever, there will be a better feeling in the markets there in the very near fu- ture. Mill feed remans as before— strong, with an upward tendency. The demand is still ahead of the supply. Receipts of grain were somewhat smaller than usual, being only 34 cars of wheat, 6 cars of corn, 4 cars of oats, 3 cars of rye, 3 cars of beans, I car of hay, 12 cars of potatoes. Millers are paying 75c for No. 2 red wheat. C. G. A. Voigt. —___-¢ More Stupid Every Day. Father (who has helped his son with his home work)—What did the teacher say when you showed him the sums? Johnny—He said I was getting more stupid every day. THE BALANCE OF TRADE. There has been much surprise ex- pressed in many quarters of late at the rapid growth shown by the United States aS a money power. Within the past year several foreign governments have found it not only possible, but advantageous, to negotiate loans in this country, and the success ‘with which these loans were placed has raised our great money cen- ter, New York, to the front rank among the financiai centers of the world. Until within a comparatively recent périod, this country has been a borrower in outside markets, instead of a lender, and this was due, without doubt, to the fact that we purchased abroad more goods than we exported, keeping the trade balance against us in the world’s markets, and, consequently, maintain- ing a comparatively high rate of inter- est for money. Within the past decade there has been a change in this respect. Our exports have become rapidly larger than our imports; in fact, the imports have remained practically stationary, while the exports have increased at an enormous rate. This process of selling more than we buy has created a great balance in our favor in all the world’s markets, the net result being that gold has come this way, and money has be- come relatively cheaper here than abroad. The change in the conditions prevail- ing in our foreign commerce is made very apparent in the statistics recently prepared by the Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Department. These fig- ures show that imports, which in 1890 were $823, 397,726, were in 1900 $829, - 052,116, an increase of less than 1 per cent. in the decade; while the exports, which in 1890 were $857,502,548, were in I9g00 $1,478,050,854, an increase of 72.4 per cent. In 1890 the excess of ex- ports over imports was $5,654,390; in 1900 it was $648,998, 738. This change in our trade relations with the various parts of the world is equally striking in every great geo- graphical division with which we trade, although the figures in the case of Europe, our best customer, are the most noteworthy. From Europe we have reduced our imports in the decade from $474,000, 000 to $439, 000,000, while in the same time we have increased our exports from $682,000,000 to $1,111,000,000, From North America imports fell from $151, - 000, 000 in 1890 to $131,000,000 in 1900; while our exports to North America in- creased during that time from $95,000, - 000 to $202,000,000. From South Ameri- ica the imports increased from $101, - 000,000 in 1890 to $102,000,000 in Ig00; while to South America our exports in- creased from $35,000,000 to $41,000,000. From Asia the imports into the United States increased from $69,000,000 in 1890 to $123,000,000 in Ig00; while to Asia our exports in the same time in- creased from $23,000,000 to $61,000, 000. This phenomenal reversal of the trade balance from an unfavorable to a favor- able position is due to several well-un- derstood causes. Our imports have been proportionately diminished by manufac- turing more extensively at home, thus obviating the necessity for importing manufactures from abroad. On the other hand, our exports have been increased by active efforts to market our surplus products abroad and by seeking in other countries an outlet for the superabundant products of our factories. A country which exports twice as much as it im- ports is in an extremely favorable posi- tion; hence it is not astonishing that the eyes of the world are turned in our di- rection with envious regard. wa Rules Adopted for the Government of Port Huron Merchants. The following rules have been posted in the store of every member of the Port Huron Merchants and Manufacturers’ Association: All stores wiil close at 6:30 p. m. ex- cept Saturday and Monday evenings. On Sundays to be closed all day. Members of this Association have promised to assist each other in prevent- ing and collecting slow accounts and rwill appreciate absence of complaints regarding accounts against people em- ployed by them. No person shall give away or loan to any person not a member of the Asso- ciation the delinquent book issued by the Association. A fine of $5 is imposed on a member giving credit to a person whose name appears on the delinquent book. This Association has adopted a reso- lution against all program advertising, believing that the newspapers are the best advertising mediums. This Association is decidedly opposed to a member entering in any gift scheme of any name or nature. Should a fakir call on a merchant with any scheme or advertising dodge he shall immediately notify the Presi- dent or Secretary of the same, so that other members may be notified of the presence of said fakir in the city, to the end that they may be able to save their hard-earned dollars for legitimate pur- poses. The merchants of this Association are expected to give Port Huron cigars the preference and thereby encourage home industries. When a customer leaves a merchant without settling his account, the mer- chant should notify the Secretary of the amount and furnish such other informa- tion as shall be necessary to put other members on guard against opening up an account with him, until he has _ set- tled with the merchant reporting him. A Condensed Milk Made From Skim Milk. The Pennsylvania Pure Food Depart- ment is about to begin an investigation into the various brands of condensed milk, which have multiplied quite rapid- ly during the past few years. And there are indications that several brands will have to be withdrawn from the market or considerably improved in quality. A number of the cheaper brands of condensed milk have proven to be con- densed from skim milk. This is taken to be a clear violation of the law, in view of the fact that the law declares that an article must be considered adulterated ‘‘if any valuable or neces- sary constituent has been wholly or in part abstracted from it.’’ It is said that condensed milk should contain 12 to 13 per cent. of fats, while some of the cheap brands already examined show but 8 or g per cent. The brands of some large and well- known manufacturers will be included in those condemned. > 6 -e = No Change in the Tea Duty. If Senator Hanna is possessed of the political power with which he is gener- ally credited, there will be no change in the tea duty at the present session of Congress. During the past week Senator Hanna sent a personal letter to a prominent New York tea-importing house, in which he stated positively that the tea duty would not be interfered with in any way, shape or form by the present Congress. ——__—_>2 > —___. Electric Mustard. In an examination that was made of some ‘‘electric belts’’ sold by a street fakir, it was found that beneath a strip of gauze was a layer of dry mustard. When the wearer perspired the mustard was moistened and set up a burning sensation, and the deluded victim be- lieved a current of electricity was pass- ing through him. i : 26 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Drugs--Chemicals Michigan State Board of Pharmacy Term expires L. E. REYNOLDS, St. Joseph - Dee. 31, 1901 HENRY HEM, Saginaw - = - Dec. 31, 1902 WIRT P. Dory, Detroit- - - Dec. 31, 1903 A. C. SCHUMACHER, AnnArbor - Dec. 31, 1904 JOHN D. Murr, Grand Rapids Dee. 31, 1905 President, A. C. SCHUMACHER, Ann Arbor. retary, HENRY HEI, Saginaw. Treasurer, W. P. Dory, Detroit. Examination Sessions. Grand Rapids, March 5 and 6. Star Island, June 17 and 1s. Sault Ste. Marie, August 28 and 29. Lansing, Nov. 5 and 6. Mich. State Pharmaceutical Association. President—CHAs. F, MANN, Detroit. Secretary—J. W. SEELEY, Detroit Treasurer—W. K. SCHMIDT, Grand Rapids. How a Druggist Secured a Profitable Trade in Black Pepper. In our country town with its adjacent farming community quite an important season is the fall] ‘‘butchering,’’ which begins late in November and runs _ well through December. For weeks before- hand the people, principally the work- ing class, discuss the weight of their hogs, the quantity of lard and sausage they will make,and the various methods of curing, smoking and pickling hams, shoulders, etc. The old method of smoking meat was to hang it in a smoke-house, and for several weeks to burn under it a slow fire of hickory wood. More recently pyroligneous acid solutions are used, and the outside of the meat is simpiy washed over. A druggist in a near-by town has acquired quite a reputation for a preparation of this kind, which he calls *‘Liquid Smoke,’’ and for which he has a profitable sale. Accord- ingly druggists are interested in butch- ering. Two years ago I determined to make an effort to secure the trade for the black pepper used in making sausage at this butchering time. Previously my annual sale of pepper was probably not more than twenty-five pounds. The grocers seemed to have the pepper trade as well as the trade in ground spices. One day in passing a grocery store that had recently been sold out, I no- ticed a large coffee-mill still in the room. An idea struck me: I would grind pepper. Stepping in, I found the mill almost new and in excellent con- dition. I enquired if it was for sale. The owner said yes; he would take ten dollars for it, although it had cost him nearly thirty. I bought it on the spot. Right away | ordered a bale of Singa- pore grain pepper, and just before the butchering season began I| advertised on my window: *‘ Pure pepper for butch- ering! Our own grinding.’’ Then one bright day I set the mill on a box on the sidewalk in front of my store, stood the open bale of whole pepper along- side, and hung up a card: ‘‘This pep- per will be ground here to-day.’’ I then hired two men at 50 cents each, and set them at work turning the wheels. My display at once attracted attention. Passers-by stopped and examined the grains and got the strong aroma of the freshly ground pepper. Comments were various, but everybody agreed in say- ing: ‘‘Well, that’s the pure stuff any- how.’’ I soon saw that it was good ad- vertising. Thinking it would be well to have the pepper done up in convenient pack- ages, it occurred to me that a glass con- tainer would be the best, and quart Ma- son fruit jars struck me as just the thing. They were cheaper than tin boxes, and would be more useful in the household when empty. I found they would hold just about a pound of pep- per, and I bought a gross, as I was sat- ised they would answer the purpose and help sell the pepper. The next day I set the mill in the front window, made a display of the jars filled with pepper, and hung up a placard: ‘‘Pure fresh pepper! Our own grinding—2o cents a quart.”’ Trade opened at once. Customers recommended my pepper to their neigh- bors and I soon saw people coming into my store who had never been in it be- fore. When the season was over I had sold more than three hundred pounds of pepper, and as it cost in the grain that year six cents a pound and the jars a little over three cents each, my profit was about I00 per cent. Later I found that a smaller package for table use would sell readily through- out the year, so I now carry pint jars filled with pure pepper to meet a regu- lar and increasing demand. Furthermore, I have used the same idea in other lines, for I sell bicarbon- ate of soda and powdered borax in pint Mason jars, and my sales in these arti- cles have run up wonderfully. The bi- carbonate of soda, costing by the keg two cents a pound, sells readily at ten cents, thus giving a profit of five cents. By a few methods of this kind and a little effort in convincing people of the purity of his goods, there is no reason why the druggist should not have the bulk of the spice trade also. Cinna- mon, cloves, allspice, ginger, pepper, and mustard as sold by the ordinary grocer are not usually the best goods, and the druggist can easily get a repu- tation for strong, pure spices. Then by putting them up in convenient pack- ages—jelly tumbers answer well—he can soon build up a profitable little addi- tion to his regular business. Of course a neatly printed label bearing the drug- gist’s name should be attached to each package.--C. J. Wolfe in the Ameri- can Druggist. oe 8 The Drug Market. Opium—Is very firm and is selling here at about the same price as in the primary markets. There has been an advance of Sc per pound during the past week. Prices are tending higher. Morphine—Is unchanged. Quinine—Is in active demand and firmer. Carbolic Acid—Is in a very strong position and it is believed that when the demand peculiar to the spring months comes on higher prices will rule. Citric Acid—Is very firm and an ad- vance is looked for shortly. Licorice Root—The crop of Spanish is small and prices are tending higher. Sugar of Milk—Is very firm since the consolidation of the manufacturers and prices are tending higher. Oil Wintergreen—Has declined, on account of large stocks. Oil Cloves—Is very firm, in sympathy with the spice. Gum Camphor—Is in a very firm po- sition and an advance is looked for shortly. Ipecac Root—Is in better supply and has declined. Golden Seal Root—Is very firm and advancing. Grains of Paradise—Is in small sup- ply and has.advanced. Linseed Oil—Has advanced, on ac- count of higher prices for seed. —_—_—_»0—.____ Sorrows are visitors that come without invitation; but complaining minds meet them half way and send a wagon to bring them home in. Materials Used in the Manufacture of Gold Paint. The formulas of the various gold paints on the market are carefully guarded trade secrets. Essentially they consist of a bronze powder mixed with a varnish. The best bronze powder for the purpose is what is known in the trade as ‘French flake,’’ a deep gold bronze. This bronze, as seen under the microscope, consists of tiny flakes or spangles of the bronze metal. As each minute flake forms a facet for the reflec- tion of color, the paint made with it is much more brilliant than that prepared from finely powdered bronze. For making gold paint like the so- called ‘‘washable gold enamel’’ that is sold by the manufacturers at the present time, it is necessary to mix a celluloid varnish with the French flake bronze powder. This varnish is made by dis- solving transparent celluloid in amy] acetate in the proportion of about 5 per cent. of celluloid. Transparent celluloid, finely shredded, I ounce. Acetone, sufficient quantity. Amy] acetate, to make 20 ounces. Digest the celluloid in the acetone un- til dissolved and add the amy! acetate. From one to four ounces of flake bronze is to be mixed with this quantity of varnish. For silver paint or ‘‘aluminum enamel,’’ flake aluminum bronze pow- der should be used in place of the gold. The celluloid varnish encloses the bronze particles in an impervious coat- ing, air-tight and water-tight. As it contains nothing that will act upon the bronze, the latter retains its luster for a long period, until the varnished surface becomes worn or abraided and _ the bronze thus exposed to atmospheric ac- tion. All of the ‘‘gold’’ or, more properly, gilt furniture that is sold so cheaply by the furniture and department stores is gilded with a paint of this kind, and for that reason such furniture can be offered at a moderate price. The finish is surprisingly durable, and in color and luster is a very close imitation of real gold leaf work. This paint is also used on picture frames of cheap and medium grades, taking the place of gold leaf or the lacquered silver leaf formerly used on articles of the better grades; it is also substituted for ‘‘ Dutch metal,’’ or imitation gold leaf, on the cheapest class of work. A cheaper gold paint is made by us- ing an inexpensive varnish composed of gutta-percha, gum dammar, or some other varnish gum, dissolved in benzole, or in a mixture of benzole and benzine. The paints made with a celluloid amy] acetate varnish give off a strong banana like odor when applied, and may be readily recognized by this characteris- tic. The impalpably powdered bronzes are called ‘‘lining’’ bronzes. They are chiefly used for striping or lining by carriage painters; in bronzing gas fix- tures and metal work; in fresco and other interior decoration, and in print- ing; the use of a very fine powder in inks or paints admits of the drawing or printing of very delicate lines. Lining bronze is also used on picture frames or other plastic ornamental work. Mixed with a thin weak glue sizing it is applied over ‘‘burnishing clay,’’ and when dry is polished with agate bur- nishers. The object thus treated, after receiving a finishing coat of a thin transparent varnish, imitates very close- ly in appearance a piece of finely cast antique bronze. To add still more to this effect the burnishing clay is colored the greenish-black that is seen in the deep parts of real antique bronzes, and the bronze powder, mixed with size, is applied only to the most prominent parts or ‘‘high lights’’ of the ornament. Since the discovery of the celluloid amyl acetate varnish, or bronze liquid, and its preservative properties on bronze powders, manufacturers have discontinued the use of liquids contain- ing oils, turpentine, or gums, since their constituents corrode the bronze metal, causing the paint to finally turn black.—W. A. Dawson, in Bulletin of Pharmacy. —__> 2. __ How Chamois Skins Are Made. The sheepskin is first washed and the flesh side scraped thoroughly to remove the fleshy fibers; then the wet skins are hung in a warm room for about a week and ‘‘sweated.’’ This loosens the wool so that most of it can be pulled out eas- ily. The skins are then soaked in milk of lime to loosen the rest of the wool and to swell the fibers and split them into their constituent fibrils. After liming, the hair is all removed and the absorbed lime is neutralized with boric or hydrochloric acid, and the skin is split into two thicknesses. The outer or grain side is used for the man- ufacture of thin, fancy leathers used in book-binding, etc., while the flesh side is made into wash leather. It is first drenched, then put into stocks and pounded until it is partly dried and the fibrous structure has become loose and open, sawdust generally being employed to facilitate the process. Fish oil is now rubbed upon the skins in small quantities, as long as the oil is absorbed. The moisture dries out as the oil is absorbed, the skins being hung up occasionally and exposed to the air. When the skins have absorbed enough oil they lose their limy odor and acquire a peculiar mustard-like s:cell, due to the oxidation of the oil. They are then packed loosely in boxes, where they heat rapidly, and must be taken out and exposed to the air to prevent overheating. During this time they give off much pungent vapor and turn yel- low. They are then washed in a warm solution of alkali to remove the excess of fat. The oil which is removed is liberated from the soapy fluid and sold as ‘‘sod oil.’’ The skins are next bleached in the sun, being moistened occasionally with a solution of potassium permanganate, followed by washing with sulphurous acid or sodium peroxide. The leather is then permanently softened and suited for all the purposes of toilet or cleansing uses. ——_>_22>___ Little Difference. Great Author—Waiter, this steak is as tough as leather. Waiter—I've always heard you was an original character, sir; but I’m hanged if you don’t jist say the same as all on ‘em do! VALENTINES| 23" Send for Catalogue FRED BRUNDAGE, MUSKEGON, MICH. Wholesale Drugs and Stationery Mail orders solicited ASKOLA Manufactured by THE P. L. ABBEY CO., Kalamazoo, Mich. Your orders solicited. THE BEST DYSPEPSIA CURE be re Fe 0] S- ik ol oO iS r -n MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 27 WHOLESALE DRUG PRICE CURRENT Advanced—Linseed Oil. Declined—Ipecac, Oil Wintergreen. Acidum Aceticum .. -$ 6@$ 8 Benzoicum, German. 70@ = 75 Boracic.. Soe ee @ iW Carbolicum .. Reece ee 30@ 42 Citricam..-.......... 45@ 48 Hydrochlor......... 3@ SB N — ee 8@ 10 Oxalicum............ 12@ 14 Phosphoriam, dil... @ 15 Salicylicum ......... 50@ 55 a ee Be 5 Tannicum . .--- 1 10@ 1 20 Tartaricum Se Seats 38@ 40 een Aqua, 16 deg......... 4@ «CG Aqua, 20 oe. Dace 6@ 8 Carbonas .. i. BO Chloridum. an vccinies w@ 114 Aniline Biagk .. |... 2 00@ 2 25 Brown 80@ 1 00 Red |... ... 45@ 50 Wonow.........-..... 2 50@ 3 00 Baccz Cubebe........ po,25 22@ 24 JuniperuS...........- 6 8 Xanthoxylum . 1 25@ 1 30 Balsamum opaiba . ......-.-..- 50@ 55 oe oe @ 1 85 Terabin, Canada.... 55@ 60 Tolutan...........--- 40@ 45 Cortex Abies, Canadian..... 18 Gass. 1... 12 Cinchona Flava. .... 18 Euonymus atropurp. 30 Myrica Cerifera, po. 20 Prunus Virgini ewes 12 Quillaia, gr’d........ 12 Sassafras...... po. 20 15 Ulmus...po. 15, gr’d 15 Extractum Glycyrrhiza —. 24@ 25 Glycyrrhiza, po..... 23@ 30 Heematox, 15 “4 box H@ 12 Heematox, 1S........ 13@ 14 Hematox, 4S. . M@ 16 Hzematox, 4S....... 16@ 17 won Sarbonate Precip... 15 Citrate and Quinia.. 2 25 Citrate Soluble...... 75 Ferrocyanidum Sol.. 40 Solut. Chloride. ..... 15 Sulphate, com’l..... 2 Sulphate, —_* = bbl, per cwt.. 80 sae pure...... 7 Flora Avaiea............... @ 18 Anthemis..........-- 22@ 2 Matricaria........... 30@ 35 Folia Baro 30@ 33 Cassia Acabital, ‘Tin- velly 20@ 25 euada., Keatifor, “Alx. 25@ 30 Salvia “officinalis, 14s ‘gna S65 -... -... 12@ 20 Ova Grst....-....-... 8@ 10 Gummi Acacia, 1st ——- 65 Acacia, 2d picked.. g 45 Acacia, 3d_picked.. @ 35 Acacia, sifted sorts. @ 28 Acacia, po. 45@ 65 Aloe, Barb. ‘po. 18@20 2@ 14 Aloe, Cape....po. 15. @ 12 Aloe, Socotri. . po. 40 @ 30 Ammoniae........... 55@ 60 Assafcetida....po.45 45@ 650 Benzoinum.......... 50@ 655 Catechu, 18.......... @ 18 Catechu, %4S......... @ 4 Catechu, _ aa Bo 16 Campnore .. 6 73 Eu horbium.. “Po. "35 @ 40 @ 1 00 65@ 70 @ 30 @ @ 60 @ 4 = B6. 1005.30 3 70a 3 75 5@ 40@ 45 Tragacanth Regs cs ce 60@ 9 Herba Absinthium..oz. pkg 25 Eupatorium..oz. pkg 20 Lobelia ...... oz. pkg 25 Majorum ....0z. pkg 28 Mentha Pip..oz. pkg 23 Mentha Vir..oz. pkg 25 BOO: 20) ook. oz. pkg 39 ——— V oz. pkg 22 Thymus, V...0z. pkg 25 Magnesia Calcined, Pat........ 55@ «60 Carbonate, Pat...... 18@ 20 Carbonate,K.&M.. 18@ 20 ‘arbonate, Jennings 18@ 20 Oleum Absinthium......... 6 50@ 7 00 Amygdalz, Dulc.. 38@ 65 — Amar. 8 00@ 8 25 ee 2 10@ 2 20 aol Cortex...... 2 25@ 2 30 Bergamii............ 2 75@ 2 85 Cajiputi _ ee aoe 80@ 85 Caryophylli.......... 80@ 85 Cedar .-- 6@ 90 Chenopadli” SEE Seae Se @ 2 75 Cinnamonil ......... 1 = 140 Citronella ..,.,....+, 40 Conium Mae......... 50@ 60 | Scillz Co............ @ 50 Copaiba ............. 1 16@ 1 26) Totutan... |... @ 50 Cunebe 1 20@ 1 25} Prunus virg......... @ 50 a eee 1 00@ 1 10 Tinctur Erigeron . sccecce E 16@ 1 20 rating Gaultheria ..-. 22... 1 25@ 1 90 | Aconitum Napellis R 60 ——. ounce.. @ 7 ee Napellis F = x0SS Sem. gal.. 60 He Hedeoma... su 1 = 1 59 | Aloes and Myrrh... 60 Junipera .. Se a 50@ 2 00 re... 50 Lavendula .......... 90@ 2 00 | Assafoetida.......... 50 Limonis . 1 50@ 1 60 | Atrope Belladonna.. 60 Mentha Piper... 1 40@ 2 00 Auranti Cortex...... 50 Mentha Verid....... 1 50@ 1 60 | Benzoin . settee 60 Morrhue, ‘gal. . "1 20@ 1 25 Benzoin Co.......... 50 eee 4 00@ 4 50 | Barosma............. 50 Olive . Te 75@ 3 00 Cantharides......... 75 Picis Liquida |.) 7"! 10@ 12 | Capsicum............ 50 Picis Liquida, g al. @ 35|Cardamon........... 75 Ricina .. _.., 1 00@ 1 0g | Cardamon Co........ 75 Rosmarini.. oe @ 1 00| Castor............... 1 00 Rose, ounce......... 6 00@ 6 50 | Catechu’............. 50 a. 40@ 45 | Cinchona ............ 50 ee eo 80 ae 2 75@ 7 09 | Columba ............ 50 Sassafras... 50@ 55 | Cubebee.. see 50 Sina is, ess., ounce. @ 65| Cassia Acutifol.-.. 50 > epaienepa 1 50@ 1 60 | Cassia Acutifol Co... 50 tans a 40@ 50 | Digitalis............. 50 Thyme, opt.. @ 1 60 | Ergot.. 50 Theobromas ........ 16@ 20 Ferri Chloridum.. = Potassium Gentian Co.......... 60 BECarp. 1... 15@ 18) Guiaca.. oe 50 Bichromate ......... 13@ 15| Guiaca ammon...... 60 Bromide ............. 52@ 657| Hyoscyamus......... 50 CaeD 12@ =15| Iodine .... a 75 Chlorate...po.17@19 16@ 18 — colorless. .... 75 Cyanide 00)... H@ 38 NO 50 HOGiGO 60@ 2 65 Lobelia i N 50 Potassa, Bitart, pure 28@ 30} Myrrh............... 50 Potassa, Bitart, com. @ 15| Nux Vomica......... 50 Potass Nitras, opt. 10 16) Cpe 75 Potass Nitras. . 6@ ~=8 | Opii, comphorated.. 50 Prussiate. . ..e. 23@ 26) Opii, deodorized..... 1 50 Sulphate po......... 15@ 18} Quassia ............. 50 Radix Rhatany............. 50 het 50 Aconitum 20@ 25 Sanguinaria 50 Althze 30@ 33] Serpentaria........ 50 Anchusa 10@ 12/Stromonium......... 60 Arum po @ 25) Tolutan ............. 60 Calan, — 4. eo Gentiana .. . 12@ 15} Veratrum Veride... 5o Glyechrrhiza...py. 15 16@ 18 Zingiber fa 2 Hydrastis Canaden. @ 7% nl 0 Hydrastis Can., po.. @ 80 Miscellaneous Hellebore, Alba, _ 12@ ©15| ther, Spts. Nit.? F 30@ 35 Inula, po..... 156@ 20| ther, Spts. Nit. 4F 34@ sO Ipecac, po........... 3 40@ 3 60 Alumen . te 2a | 8 Iris plox...po. 35@38 35@ Alumen, gro’d.. -po.7 7 3@ 4 CT ie 25@ Annatto........ 40@ 50 Maranta, \s........ @ Antimoni, 4@ = (C65 Podophyllum, po.. 22@ 265 Antimonie Pots 40@ 50 @i................. 75@ 1 00| Antipyrin . @ 2% hel, cut. @ 1 25 | Antifebrin G@ 2 oe 75@ 1 35 | Argenti Ni u @ 651 Spigelia .... 35@ 38/Arsenicum.......... 10@_ 12 Sanguinaria.. ‘po. 5 @ 18/| Balm Gilead _—- 38@ 40 Serpentaria ......... 40@ 45| Bismuth S. N.. 90@ 2 00 Senega .. 60@ 65 | Calcium Chlor., “1s.. @ Smilax, officinalis H. @ 40| Calcium Chlor., 4s. @ 10 Smilax, M @ 25 | Calcium Chlor., \4s.. @ i Scillz . “po. 10@_ = 12 Cantharides, Rus.po @ 80 Symplocarpus, ceth Capsici Fructus, a @ 156 Pp @ 2% | Capsici Fructus, po. @ 15 ‘anaes po. 30 @ _ 25| Capsici Fructus B, po @ 15 Valeriana, German. 15@ 20| Caryophyllus. a 15 12 14 Zingiber a........... 14@ 16 | Carmine, No. 40 @ 3 00 Zingiber j...........- 25@ 27 | Cera Alba. 50@ 55 Semon Cera Flava.. 40@ 42 Cocecus . eae @ 40 Anisum . . po. @ 12| Cassia Fructus...... @ 35 Apium (giaveieons), 13@ = 15/ Centraria............ @ 10 Bird, 1s...... 4@ 6) Cetaceum.. @ Camm: “PO. ‘18 12@ 13] Chloroform . 55@ «60 Cardamon. . .--. 1 25@ 1 75 | Chloroform, squibbs @ 1 10 Coriandrum... ee 8@ 10] Chloral Hyd Crst.... 1 40@ 1 65 Cannabis Sativa. .... 4%@ 5 | Chondrus.. 20@ 2 Cydonium . ..... 75@ 1 00/ Cinchonidine,P.& W 38@ 48 Chenopodium -- 10@ 12 — Germ. 38@ 48 Dinterix Odorate.... 1 00@ 1 10} Cocai 5 80@ § 00 Foeniculum.......... @ 10 cue, ‘ist, ‘dis. pr. et. 70 Foenugreek, po...... 7@ 9|Creosotum........... @ 35 ee 4@_~—sC~55 || Creta. .. bbl. 7 @ 2 Lini, grd..... bbl.4 4%@ _ 5| Creta, prep.......... @ 5 Lobelia . 35@ 40] Creta, precip........ @ 11 Pharlaris Canarian.. 4%@ 5 | Creta, eee oy @ 8 Meee 4G 5| Crocus . c.. ma Sinapis Alba... 9@ 10| Cudbear.. ao ee ce @ 24 Sinapis Nigra. . 1@ = 12} Cupri Sulph. . ea coe 644Q 8 cients Se oa sa Le = 10 Frumenti, W. D. Co. 2 2 50 eeu ‘ = Frumenti, D. F. R.. 2 3 2 25 Leni all numbe.s. @ : Frumenti............ imtoo Ss la oak « Juniperis Co. O. T... 1 65@ 2 00 Flake White. “ee 12 15 Juniperis Co........ 1 0@ 350) Gana | < 23 Saacharum N.E.... 1 9@ 2 10] Gambier |. a Ss - Vini Galli.. 1 75@ 6 50 Gelatin Gooper..... @ 60 oo 1 25@ 2 00 | Gelatin, cos: “Ill 3B@_ 60 5@ Glassware, flint,box 758 5 Sponges Less than box..... 70 Florida sheeps’ wool Glue, brown......... u@ 13 carriage.. 2 50@ 2 75 | Glue, white......... 15@ 25 Nassau ante Wool Glycerina............ 17%@_ 25 carriage.. 2 50@ 2 75 | Grana Paradisi...... @ 2 Velvet extra. sheeps’ Humuhis............ 5@ 55 wool, carriage. .... @ 1 50| Hydrarg Chlor Mite @100 Extra yellow sheeps’ Hydrarg Chlor Cor. : @ wool, carriage. .... @ 125|Hydrarg Ox Rub’m. @110 Grass ‘sheeps’ wool, Hydrarg Ammoniati @1 20 carriage . . @100| HydrargUnguentum 50@ 60 Hard, for slate use. @ 75| Hydrargyrum....... @ 8 Yellow Reef, for Ichthyob olla, a. : = ; = slate use........... .° Ret 1° Todine, Resubi.. See ae ig 85@ 4 00 sea. Iodoform.. . 3 85@ 4 00 ie @ 50 — ulin.. @ 50 Auranti -sasooiai @ 50 Sopodian.. 80@ 85 Zingiber . @ 50 ee 65@ 75 | Cn @ 60} Li i “Arsen et Hy- erri Iod. @ 50 aa Iod.. @ Rhei Arom.......... @ 50 tana otags Arsinit 10@ 12 Smilax Officinalis... 50@ 60| Magnesia, Sulph 2@ «3 ON ee es so ce oo ce @ 50} Magnesia, Sulph, ‘bbl @ 1% ves sees ceeseeee «= @®~—(BO| Mania, S. F........ 60@ 60 61 64 62 65 54 60 46 25 BBL. LB. 1% 2 @8 1% 2 @A 1% 2 @3 244 2%4@3 2% 2%@3 13@ 15 70@ = 75 144@ 18 we 6 64@ 6% 64@ 6% @ 85 @ @ 1 2 Menthol... .......... @ 4 60 | Seidlitz Mixture..... 200@ 22) Linseed, pure raw Morphia, S., P.& W. 2 25@ 2 50 Sinapis . Seles @ 18| Linseed, boiled..... oR 8.,N. Y. Q. smace Sr Seatenboy, “is: @ 30/| Neatsfoot, winter str non - 2 oy, De @ Spirits Turpentine.. Myristica, No. 1..... 65@ 80 snout Scotch, DeVo's @ ) Paints Nux Vomica...po. 15 @ 10! Soda, Boras.......... 9@ 11] Os Sepia 35@ 37 | Soda, Boras, po 9@ 11/| Red Venetian....... — Saae, H. & P. Soda et Potass Tart. 23@ 25/| Ochre, yellow Mars. Dy Ce @ 1 00| Soda, Carb.......... 1%4@ = 2 | Ochre, yellow Ber... Picis Lig. N.N.% gal. Soda, Bi-Carb....... 3@ 5 | Putty, commercial.. dog @ 2 00| Soda, Ash........... 3%@ 4, Putty, strictly pure. Picis Liq., quarts.. @ 1 00| Soda, Sulphas....... @ 2) Vermilion, Prime Picis Liq., pints. .... @ 85| Spts. Cologne........ @ 2 60} American . Pil Hydrarg. ..po. 80 @ 50|Spts. Ether Co....). 50@ 55) Vermilion, English. . Piper Nigra...po. 22 @ _ 18| Spts. Myrcia Dom... @ 2 00| Green, Paris....... Piper Alba.. _ 35 @ _ 30/ Spts. Vini Rect. bbl. @ | Green, Peninsular... Piix Burgun........ @ ~~ 7| Spts. Vini Rect. 4bbi @ | Bead, red........... Plumbi Acet......... 10@ 12 Spits. Vini Rect. 10gal @ | Lead, white. ....... Pulvis Ipecac et oi 1 30@ 1 50 _— Vini Rect. 5 gal @ | Whiting, white Span Pyrethrum, boxes Strychnia, ——— . 105@ 1 25} Whiting, gilders’. . Co., doz.. @ 7% Sulphur, Subl....... 24@ 4) White, Faris, Amer. Pyrethrum, py 25@ 30) Sulphur, Roll........ 24@ 3% | | W hiting, Paris, Eng. Quasste -. 1. S@ | 10) Ramarinds 1. 8@ cliff .. @ 1 40 Quinia, S. P.& W... 30@ 40/ Terebenth Venice... 28@ 2” | Universal Prepared. 1 10@ 1 20 Quinia, S. German.. 29@ 39| Theobrome.. 60@ 65) Quinia, N.Y... 59) 30| Vanilla 9 00@16 00 | Varnishes Rubia Tinctorum.. 12@ 614! Zinci Sulph.. 7@ Saccharum Lactis pv 18 20 Olls | No. 1 Turp Coach... Rane 4 50@ 4 75 Extra Turp.......... Sanguis Draconis... 40@ 50 BBL. GAL. | Coach Body......... Sapo, W.. 12@ 14! Whale, winter....... 70 No. 1 Turp Furn..... Sapo M Ses ca 10@ 12} Lard, extra.......... 60 70 | Extra Turk Damar.. Sapo G @ i5) Lard, No.t.......... 45 50 Jap.Dryer,No.1Turp - Wwe Wh Ws Ws a a ‘Drugs! é - ( OE OE OE HR OH HR HE HR em WR OR wR HR we eR Re OE [- Ee OE OR OE OR a wa wR eR eR UR We are Importers and Jobbers of Drugs, Chemicals and Patent Medicines. f QAZeA We are dealers in Paints, Oils and f Varnishes. j enue ( We have a full line of Staple Drug- { gists’ Sundries. onus f We are the sole proprietors of Weath- f erly’s Michigan Catarrh Remedy. f BQAEH We always have in stock a full line of Whiskies, Brandies, Gins, Wines and Rums for medicinal purposes only. Caen We give our personal attention to’ mail orders and guarantee satisfaction. j enue All orders shipped and invoiced the j j same day received. Send a trial order. SB OB aR wR TE Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan we WS ar, (a, a, t,o, a, ao. Wa Wh (Ww W— ww WEA \ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GROCERY PRICE CURRENT These quotations are carefully corrected weekly, within six hours of mailing, and are intended to be correct at time of going to press. ble to change at any time, and country merchants will have their orders filled at market prices at date of purchase. Prices, however, are lia- ADVANCED Halibut Chunks DECLINED Challenge Milk Edam Cheese | Standard Tubs Nectarines Index to Markets [ a olumns ee Ce s C ee ALABASTINE a BRUSHES i] : White in drums...... i - 9| Serub Col. | Colors in drums... tees : Solid Back, 8in......... 0... 45 * White in pack mee. 10 i Solid Pack, ta 95 Akron Stoneware............ 15 | Colors in packages.......... 11 | Pointed Hands. 85 Alabastine ......... 1 Less 40 per cent — ‘ ee Ammonia...... Ce AMMONI | ae Bro kemoese..-......... 1 a Doz. - | Oe 1 00 B Arctic 12 02. ovals........... —. ee ee : = Baking Powder............... , | Arctic pints. round...... 22. 1 90] No: o-oo a eS AXLE GREASE St ate. |... 1 doz. gross| — ove eg Aurore. : (Ss eee Os 7 Brushes ...........--.-.----+. 2] Gastor Ol... 2/)..... len =z eg | No.2 1 10 Pee eer Diamond . ee 2,57 Oe 175 . = Jereeees.. 2. 75 9 00 asedireapag COLOR Candies.......-............... 14 IXL Golden, tin boxes 7 9 00 ,R. & Co.’s, 15e size.... 15 cae ee oe WHER GO "s, 25e size.... 2 00 a eC 1 e+e ee coos . ~ CE ee 3 < ANDLES : eee a ectric Light ee 12 c ee 3 Song . Klectric — 16s. . 12% Chewing Gum. eS Co vat Paraffine, 6s. Se ce Chicory. a 3 Nt — eo Mi Gionorabe 3 = a leking ---29 Reems tomes. .......... 3 - wage 2 Goons Cocoa. .... eae el ee ieee pples Cocoa Shells. 3 | 3 1b. omenente ae 80 oe ae a Gallons, standards. . 2 30 ondensed Milk. ee . Blackberries G a Pook bee eee ; Paragon .. | “andards ..__.... . 75 neem Dartar.......... ) BAKING POWDER | Beans Dd Acme | Red Kid saat ees c te - 1 00@1 _ cueen Prues................. & 1¢ Ib. cans $ doz............ 45 | St cine — 75@ - F i ib. Cams 3 daz........ .._. a 85 Farinaceous Goods.......... 5 | > _ cams 1 doz............1 = Blueberries _ — gran oe a3 | u ce ae cairns Standard . i 85 Fr eae — : wey Ls. .s., 6} 6802. Eng. Tumblers......... 90] Brook Trout Brosh Meats 0000000) 0g Ess | 2 1b. cans, — Se 1 90 Prous .....- eee. 14} ms. G i | Little Neck, 1 1 i Ne 1 00 Grains and Flour . oe 6 | | Little Neck, 2 Ib... my 1 50 H i — Bouillon ee be ra | Burnham’s, '¢ pint........ 1 92 Hides and Pelts oe 13 | ; Burnham's, aoe a 3 60 I Burnham’s, quarts........ 7 20 eae. 7] Cherries J | Red Standards........ 85 Jelly ne 7} 1b. eans, 4 doz. ease...... 3 75| White................. 115 I 1% > eans, 2 _— care... ... 3 75 | a Corn . . ee -| - ee. Gans, 1 Ger Gane... 375! Fair... “ 7 Lamp Burners...... - : me ae eed Lamp Chimneys . in| lb. cams, bg doz. ease......8 00 | i ee = Lanterns. ..... 15 Y ----- +--+ ++ +o -- Lantern Globes. . 15 JAXO wy Cove Oysters Licorice 7 | 1 1b. 40z. Standards....... % Lye totes *) Jy Ib. cans, 4 doz. case 45/11b. 5 0z. Standards....... 110 M ts Ib. cans, 4 doz. ease.. 85 | 2 1b. 8 oz. Standards....... 1 60 Matches i ile ea ee | 2 1b. 10 oz. Standards...... 190 Meat Extracts........ 7 Queen Fiske al French Peas Moco, ; 3 0Z., 6 doz. case.............2 70 | : ee ue Mustard. 7 | 60z., 4 doz. ease.............3 29) Sur Extra Fine............ 22 : 9 oz., 4 doz. case.............4 89] Extra Fine................ 19 ; ™ | 11b., 2 doz. ease.............4 00} Fime...--.-.-----.-+-+-+ +. 15 Nuts ace 1415 Ib., 1 doz. case. ............ 9 00} Moyen.......-.......+..... 11 1 Oo a Royal Gooseberries a. ans. 15 | Standard 0) 90 es 2 7 | Oyster Pails... 7 » size.... 90], Hominy P < Ib. cans 1 35 Standard oo 85 Paper Bags....... .. 8 S OZ. es obster Paste Gea ? oz. cans. 1 90} Peet, 26 9p... 88... 1 8 Pickles... - % Ib. cans 2 50/ Star. 2 Ib.....____.. 3 40 Pipes ... 7 4 Ib. cans 3 75/ Pienic _= eae os 2 35 PO 8 y 611d. cans. 4 90) ackere -rovisions 3 x, oo 2 1b Le 175 Provisions. . — s e~ 3 1b. cans.13 00 | i 2 8 . o ey ee is 1 ee 8 5 Ib. cans.21 50 | $0 oc Ss a | Tomato, 1Ib......... 1 75 Saleratus.... 8 BATE BRICK | Tomato, 2 Ib. senna 2 80 PP Silene. lL To! Mushrooms Salt. 9) English.. 7 = be : 18@20 Salt Fish oe 9 ae | RRee. 22@25 Sauerkraut...... 9 j Oysters Seeds 9 coe, fe... 1 00 Shoe Blacking. 9 ee Se... 1 80 Snu 9 Soap... g ae... .. 10 1 65@1 8 eee : 10 Starch ee 10 7 Stove Polish 10 20 ee 10 Syrups... ll 00 T 00 Table Sauce ta ll c 60 Tea -++++esess-++-. IL} Aretic, 4.0z, per gros ‘4 75 Tobacco : - 11) Aretie, § oz, per gross...... 6 55 Twine ......... ---+-- 12) Aretic, pints, per gross... 9 Vv 70 SE aie wt BROOMS > . Re Se 2 &5 Washing Powder. 12 — 3 oe os es : hour te 12 | No. 4 Carpet... 2220002022771 90 Woodenware.<2.-.-.-°-..--" 12! Parior Gemo 222022272003 Wrapping Paper............. 13] Common Whisk... _...7” 75 : ey WR cr a7 Teast Came... 5... 13; Warehouse... 22... 0....8 20 3 Salmon Columbia River...... 2 00@2 15 Red Alaska.......... 1 40 Pink Alaska......... 110 Shrimps Standard............ 1 50 Sardines Domestic, \s........ 4 Domestic, 4s ....... 8 Domestic, Mustard. 8 California, ee. 17 Mrenen, 1f8.......... 22 Freneh, 44S.......... 28 Strawberries Standard ............ 85 Beye. 1 25 Succotash ee 90 oem. 1 00 aeey 2... 1 20 Tomatoes Pe. 90 ee 95 ee 115 [Ome 2 50 — Columbia, pints. . <- we OO Columbia, % pints... Se icicle ce ee 1 25 CARBON OILS Barrels Mocene. @11 Perfection ............ : @10 W.W. ae ne @ 9% Diamond White. . @9 D.S. Gasoline......... @i1 Deodorized Naphtha.. @10 Cylind = Se ee 29 @34 Bae. 19 @22 Black, in See cas @1014 CHEESE Ome @il2% Amboy @12% a. 13 mem @12% OR cc a Gold Medal.......... @11%, Rao @12 weorsey... @12% Hiyerside........ .... @12 ae 14@15 Bee @90 Leiden ce ee @Q17 Limburger........... 13@14 Pineapple ........... 50@75 Sap Sago.. . 19@20 CHEWING GUM American Flag Spruce... 50 Beeman’s Pepsin.......... 60 Pen seek. 50 Largest Gum Made....... 55 Sen Sen it a 55 Sen Sen Breath Perfume.. 1 00 morar tea... 45 Vieetan............ 55 CHICORY Bulk. 5 a 2 oe. 4 weemers 6% Seomeners. 6 CHOCOLATE Ambrosia Ambrosia Sweet............. 21 Household Sweet............ 19 Ambrosia Premium. . — Yankee Premium.. _- ot Walter Baker r& Co.'s. German Sweet.. - ae Premium .. Ee ee Breakfast Cocoa............. 45 Runkel Bros. Vienna Sweet ......... .... 21 eee 28 Pramium. 31 CLOTHES LINES Cotton, 40 ft. per doz...... .1 00 Cotton, 50 ft. per doz........1 20 Cotton, 60 ft. per doz....... 1 40 Cotton, 70 ft. per doz........1 60 Cotton, 80 ft. per doz... totes 80 Jute, 60 ft. per doz.......... 80 Jute, 72 ft. per doz.. 95 COCOA Ambrosia, *s Ib. tin eans.... 42 Ambrosia. 4 Ib. tin eans.... 44 moe. 4) Colonial, 8 28 ce. 35 Colonial, s.. i ae ie 42 ier... 45 Van Houten, 4*s............. 12 Van Houten, \s.. 20 Van Howken, 155............. 38 Was Doutem, if... ... . _.. 7 eee 30 meee, os... 41 Wie. se ;. 42 COCOA SHELLS i meee, 2% Less quantity ............ 3 Pound packages ......... 4 COFFEE Roasted Say HIGH GRADE CorFFEES Special Combination.. French Breakfast. . Lenox, Mocha & Java... Old Gov't Java and Mocha.. Private Estate, Java & Moc 26 Supreme, Java and Mocha .27 Rio Ce F st Santos OORAMIO ce, ll ‘air... Ghomee. 8... Lo is Peaperry... | Maracaibo eee 12 OHIO. ce oc 16 Mexican Cneiee 16 MORMON 17 Guatemala CHGIEB. 2 16 Java Ca 12% Bancy African .............- 17 Oe 25 PG 29 Mocha Arabian......:........ 2. ae Package New York Basis. McLaughlin’ s XXXX McLaughlin’s XXXX sold to retailers only. Mail all orders direct to W. Co., — F. McLaughlin & xtract Valley City x gross.. Felix % gross.. ‘ Hummel’s foil % gross... -- oo Hummel’s tin % gross ...... 11 43 Substitutes Crushed Cereal Coffee ae 12 packages, % case......... 75 24 packages, lease... 3 50 CONDENSED MILK 4 doz in case. Gail _—— —- eee 6 75 Crown.. S eee -.6 25 Dalsy.. er C ampion ... eee eee oe oe Peaenone --- oo — access. Oe Dime... ..3 35 COUPON BOOKS 50 books, any denom... 1 50 100 books, any denom... 2 50 500 books, any denom... 11 50 1,000 books, any denom... 20 00 Above quotations are for either Tradesman, Superior, Economic or Universal grades. Where 1,000 books are ordered at a time customer receives specially printed cover without extra charge. Coupon Pass Books Can be made to represent any denomination from $10 down. oe DOORS... 1 50 200 books............ |. 2 50 500 books................ 11 50 1,000 books................ 20 00 Credit Checks 500, any one denom...... 2 00 1,000, any one denom...... 3 00 2,000, any one denom...... 5 00 Steel punch.. " ee z CRACKERS The National Biscuit Co. quotes as follows: Butter SOvOT 6 ow Worm. ce 6 ee 6 eo 6 Wrorrerme. ... 52... 2. 64% Soda Soda XXX.. oo) pede Cee... 8 Long. ions Wafers....... 12 Zephyretie.... .... 2... 10 Oyster eee 7% Sa 6 Extra Farina............., 6% Saltine Oyster. ............ 6 Sweet Goods—Boxes A ee 10 Assorted Cake............ 10 SOMO UR Bents Water.............. Cinnamon Bar............. Coffee Cake, Iced. . i Coffee Cake, Java. . Cocoanut Macaroons. Cocoanut Taffy Cc ‘racknells i Cream Orisa... 6.6, Ce Currant Frait............. Frosted Honey............ Frosted Cream Ginger Gems, |" ree or aba Soe Snaps, N. B.C. ee Grandma Cakes........... Graham Crackers......... Graham Wafers.. i Grand Rapids The... 16 Honey Fingers............ 12 Iced Honey Crumpets. . Was 10 Imperials 1.0 oe Jumbles, Honey ec cou a 12 Lady Fingers.............. 12 Lemon Snaps............. 12 Lemon Waters. 16 Marshmallow.. ~ is Marshmallow Creams. a. Marshmallow Walnuts. .. 16 BEE AM cc os cc 8 Mixed Pienic.............. 11% Boe BUG oc ka, 7s Molasses Cake............ 8 Molasses Bar.............. 9 Moss Jelly Bar............ 12% Newton.. cc oe Oatmeal Crackers... _..... 8 Oatmeal Wafers........... 12 Orange Crisp.............. 9 Orange Gom............... 8 Fenny Cake..... °° ...... 8 Pilot Bread, XXX......... 7% Pretzelettes, hand made.. 8 Pretzels, hand made...... 8 Scotch Cookies............ 9 pears’ Eunch............ |. 7% SagerCake ........... Sugar Cream, XXX....... 8 Sugar Squares oe 8 Sultanas..... i 13 Tutti Frutti... 16 Vanilla Wafers............ 16 Vienna Crimp............. 8 CREAM TARTAR 5 and 10 lb. wooden boxes.....30 Balk ti eaeks:. 29 DRIED FRUITS Apples Sundried . @A% Evaporated, ‘50 Ib. ‘boxes. @5% California Fruits ADPICORS 8@10 Blackberries .......... Nectarines .. ae HeBehes....... .. -8 @ll Pears... :..:... : Pitted ee 7% Prunnelles . wees Raspberries .. ee California Prunes 100-120 25 Ib. boxes ...... 90-100 25 Ib. boxes ...... @ 4% 80 - 90 25 Ib. boxes ...... 5 70 - 80 25 Ib. boxes ...... @ 5% 60 - 70 25 lb. boxes ...... @6 50 - 60 25 Ib. boxes ...... @ 6% 40 - 50 25 Ib. boxes ...... @7 30 - 40 25 Ib. boxes . ¥ cent less in 50 Tb. cases Citron Leghorn.. ee cee ee ca ee Corsican . 8 = cee ee ‘@esienne California, 1 Ib. package....11% Imported, 1 lb package...... 12 Imported, bulk..... ........ 11% Peel Citron American 19 Ib. bx...13 Lemon American 10 Ib. bx..10% Orange American 10 Ib. bx..10% Raisins London Layers 2 Crown. London Layers 3 Crown. Cluster 4 Crown......... Loose Muscatels 2 Crown 7 Loose Muscatels 3 Crown 7% Loose Muscatels 4 Crown 8h, = ae J cas @10 L. M.. Seeded: % 4 lb.. 8 @ Sultanas, Ree 10% Sultanas, package .. 12 FARINACEOUS| Goops Beans Dried Lima.. -. 6% Medium Hand Picked” 2 10 Brown Holland.............. Cereals Cream of Cereal............. 90 Grain-O, small .............. 1 35 Grain-O, large.. 2 25 Grape Nuts.. 1 35 Postum Cereal, ‘smail --t 36 Postum Cereal, large...... 2 25 Farina 241 1b. as 25 Bulk, or he -3 00 kell’s Wheat Fiakes 36 2 1b. — co .-8 00 Hominy Flake, 50 Ib. sack..... ..... Pearl, 207b Dil... 2 40 Pearl, 100 Ib. sack........... 117 Maccaroni and Vermicelli Domestic, 10 Ib. box....... Tmported, 25 th. box. ....... 2 50 = Barley Comma Chester. eo ce ee eee 2 50 Empire........ esaeicrte tes 3 10 Walsh-Deltoo Co.'s Brand. 00 00 70 90 Green, Wisconsin, ~~ -.1 30 Green, Scotch, pa... oe Split, bu.. i i = Rolled Oats Rolled Avena, bbl...........3 60 Steel Cut, 100 Ib. sacks. 2 00 Monarch, bbl....... 112-3 40 Monarch, % bbl.. .--F 5 Monarch, 90 Ib. sacks. ca ee Quaker, cases... nae cee oe Sago Mont Woaues. os ok ok 2% German, sacks.............. 3% German, broken package.. 4 » iy ~~ 2a oe "., a be + 7» te «ee > ——~/s ee 2a «nt +i 2 ys 7» te 4a ee MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 29 9 ‘ ——— Lemon & Wheeler Co.’s Brand Flake, 110 Ib. sacks......... 4% | Wingold \s.............. Pearl, 130 Ib. sacks....--..-. 3% | Wingeld 480.000.2002, 4 40 Pearl, 241 lb. packages. Wingold %s.............. 4 30 Wheat ’ Cracked, bulk.. eee " oth Brand ws 242 tb. packages .. 102! SO ee — ; = FLAVORING EXTRACTS Ceresota 48. .............. 4 45 FOOTE & JENKS’ Washburn-Crosby Co.’s Brand. Highest Grade Extracts 3 Vanilla mon z 1 oz full m.1 20 1 oz ful m. 80 3 20z full m.2 10 20z full m.1 25 3 No.3fan’y.3 15 No.3fan’y.1 75 3 ry a WASABURN CROSBY COR, GOLO MEOAL Prices always right. Vanilla emon . : a 20z panel..1 20 20z panel. 75 Write or wire Mussel 3 oz taper..2 00 40z taper..150/ man Grocer Co. for J ——— special quotations. _ 2,0z. full meas. pure Lemon. 75} Worden Grocer Co.’s Brand 2 oz. full meas. pure Vanilla.1 20] Laurel %s................. 450 e@wrel 368.2... .--. 1... 4 40 Big Value 2 oz. oval Vanilla Tonka.... 75] Laurel %s. - 430 2 oz. oval Pure Lemon ...... 75 | Laurel %s a 4 30 ea. E NW NING ee 2 00 oe Soaee S' | Granulated 1.222.0000005 2 10 LD: Feed and Millstuffs So —eiee ian os = Feed, a eoae = S 0.1 Corn and Oats...... FLAVORING EXTRA Unbolted Corn Meal...... 15 50 Winter Wheat Bran.. 15 00 Reg. 2 oz. D. C. Lemon...... 75 | Winter Wheat Middlings. 16 00 No. 4 Taper D. 4 a --1 52) Screenings ................ 15 00 Reg. 2 0z. D. C. Vanilla...... 1 24 No. 3 Taper D. C. Vanilla. ..2 08 ; io a Sinsdaed Oorn, car lots............. 2 oz. Vanilla Tonka.......... 70 Oats : 2 oz. flat Pure Lemon........ 70 — — as a Northrop Brand Less than car lots. ........ Lem. Van. Hay Fh a Panel... = ; = No. 1 Timothy car lots.... 11 00 3 0z. Taper Panel. 1135 2 00 No. 1 Timothy ton lots.... 12 00 40z. Taper Panel....160 225 HERBS a = = ee —— an. Lem. pode ens doz. doz. Laurel Leaves....... 1.2.0.0... 15 XXX, 2 0z. obert.. 76 | senna Leaves.-............ ..:. 25 XxX 402. a 2 = 1 25 INDIGO 2 0z. obert...... Madras, 5 Ib. boxes ........... 55 No. ‘9, 20z. obert.... 75 ? Xxx’ DD ptchr, 6 Oz 2 S. F., 2.3 and 5 lb. boxes...... 50 _— D D ptehr, 40z 1 75 JELLY K. P. pitcher, 6 0z.. 2 25] 5 1b. pails. _ doz. 600... 1 85 FLY PAPER 15 = —* Sega cece oe 30 —..---....... 1... 62 Tanglefoot, per doz.......... 35 Tanglefoot, per case........ 3 20 LICORICE FRESH MEATS Calabi. SSE = Beef — Carcass.. seoeeee 6 @8 | Root. 10 Forequarters . 54@ 6 LYE pea — coer : aa Condensed, 2 doz............ 1 20 co Condensed, 4 doz.. 2 — esata ae a hues ea 54@ 6 i Co. 7 —— o. 9 sulphur... ‘ = i _ = Anchor Parlor .............. "4 50 “Pork | No. 2 Home . Use —- “ @ 8% | Export Parlor.. £14 00 Boston” Butis 02.127 g a gue ancien a ee MEAT ‘EXTRACTS Shoulders ........... q Leaf Lard......... 4 Armour & Co.’s, 40Z...... 45 Mutton >: | idebigs, 2 OZ... .. 8... 75 \CRECARR 08. oo... 7 @7% MOLASSES Spring ‘Lambs.. 8%@ 9 New Orleans Veal | Fancy one —:- ec 40 CRECARS 8c. . 8 @9 Choice... See 35 GRAINS AND FLOUR ST totes cate ceee ones = Wheat Pai nila‘ axa Wheat . a 75 MUSTARD Winter “Wheat ‘Flour — — : = B eceae os : = orse Radish, 2 doz......... Local Brands Bayle’s Celery, 1 doz........ 1 75 Patents... Besetescuce 2 Oe OLIVES en Patent. 00. 8 8 | Bulk, 1 gal. kegs........... 125 — een: can : = Bulk, 3 gal. kegs........... 110 Rihana 3 30 aps 5 Cm — ee 1 . ee eee Manzanilla, 7 0Z........... ‘ Buekwhest ea a 4 ao Queen, pints............... 2 35 Buijjet’'to ‘ata “dish aise | Queen. 19 02 <4 8 — . | Senlted, 6 o...........-.. 90 : lour cumermivehune: "<< ae 145 — aan 2 30 Ball- as Putman’s Brand OYSTER PAILS Diamond =: Victor, pints. .............. 10 00 Diamond 4s.. Victor, quarts......... i Diamond \s..... Victor, 2 quarts....... Worden Grocer Co.'s s Brand PARIS GREEN Quaker %s................: Sco hulk. 14 MJHOOE 966050. 3. tk 3 80} Packages, 4 Ib., each....... 18 Quaker \s................. 3 80] Packages, % lb., each....... 17 Packages, 11b., each....... 16 Spring Wheat Flour PICKLES Clark-Jewell-Wells o a —_ Medium Pillsbury’s Best %s. 4 60] Barrels, 1,200 count .........4 50 Pillsbury’s Best %4s.. 4 50 | Half bbls, 600 count......... 2 75 PHOS Bol page $8 Smal sbury’s Best %s paper. Pillsbury's Best 4s paper. 4 40 | Farris’ 1.200 count -....--3 90 Ball-Barnhart-Putman’s Brand PIPES Duluth Imperial %s....... 4 50 No Sige ok! 1 70 Duluth Imperial \s....... 4 40 Clay, 1 t. . fii count......! 65 Duluth Imperial ¥s....... 4 30 Cob, No. 3.... i PAPER BAGS Continental Paper Bag Co. Ask your Jobber for them. Glory Mayflower Satchel & Pacific _— Square eh 50 a. 3a 60 Me ee 44 80 (a 54 1 00 Ss 66 1 25 . .....,... 76 1 45 oe, 90 1 70 ._.......... 1 06 2 00 ee 1 28 2 40 Oo 1 38 2 60 Be 1 60 3 15 oo 2 24 415 -... 234 4 50 -....... 2 52 5 00 -........... 5 50 Sugar ee 4% Ciae . % POTASH 48 cans in case. Babbitt’s . See c ce 4 OO Penna Salt Co.’s..... 2.22221, 3 00 PROVISIONS Barreled Pork MGR Back . Boece @14 50 Clear back.. 2.11272, @14 59 Short cub... 1)... |. @14 00 8 Se se ea ay @15 75 Pauly PeOss. @l4 75 a —_ Meats Bellies. : 814 Briskets ............. 8 Extra shorts......... 7% Smoked Meats Hams, 121b. average. @ 9% Hams, 141b. average. @ 9% Hams, 16lb. average. @ 9% Hams, 201b. — @ 9% Ham dried beef..... @ 11% Sioubdest (Me v. cut) @7 Bacon, clear......... 10 @ 12 California hams. .._. @i7 Boneless hams...... @ 11 Boiled Hams... @ 14% Picnic Boiled Hams @ 10% Berlin Hams....... @ 8&% Mince Hams....... @ 9 Lards—In Tierces Compound........... 5% Co 84 Vegetole ........... 6 60 Ib. Tubs..advance % 80 Ib. Tubs..advance % 50 lb. Tins...advance 4 20 Ib. Pails. .advance % 10 Ib. Pails..advance % 5 1b. Pails..advance 1 3 1b. Pails..advance 1 Sausages Bologna... 1... o... 5% Per 6 Frankfort .. 7% fer Th ont See cee seca uss 6% Ton: i ncice ee 9 He anes Ss ciee cena 6 Beef Extra Mess.......... 10 75 =o 3 11 00 Rump .. 11 75 Pigs’) ‘Feet ¥% bbls., 40 lbs.. 1 60 % bbls., 80 Ibs.. 3 75 Tripe. Kits, 15 Ibs...... pat 70 \% bbls., 40 lbs. . 1 25 \ bbls., 80 Ibs... 2 25 Casings Pork . Sean cues = Beef rounds. ........ Beef middles........ 10 SReep 60 eas Butterine Solid, dairy.......... 114@13% Rolls, dairy...... - 12 @l4 Rolls, creamery. .... 15% Solid, creamery. .... 1 Canned Meats Corned beef, 2 Ib.... 2 75 Corned beef, 14 Ib... 17 50 Roast beef, 2 Ib.. 2 75 Potted ham, \s..... 50 Potted ham, s..... 90 Deviled ham, \s.... 50 Deviled ham, ¥s.... 90 Potted tongue, \s.. 50 Potted tongue, %s.. 90 RICE Domestic Carolina head................ 7 Carolina ‘No.f .........:.. ...5% Carolina No. 2. ae Broken . . 4% Imported. Japan, No. 1.. DS Japan, No. 2.. me Java, faney head........5 @5% Java, No. 1 Table.. ‘SALERATUS | Packed 60 Ibs. in box. Church’s Arm and Hammer.3 15 ? 00 Pee e oe cece cece ce wees 3 15 PO se ck 210 a 3 00 Boge 3 00 Wyandotte, 100 %s.......... 3 00 SAL SODA Granulated, bblis............ 80 Granulated, 100 Ib. cases. 90 Lump, bbls. . Sa cee Lone, 145 Ib. Kegs........... 80 x on SALT Buckeye m0 dip. bags 3 00 oo 6 fe ........_...... 3 00 22 14 1b. bags . 245 In 5 bbl. lots 5 per ‘cent. dis- count and one case 243 1b. boxes free. Diamond Crystal Table, cases, 24 3 Ib. boxes..1 40 Table, barrels, 100 3 Ib. bags. 3 00 Table, barrels, 407 Ib. bags.2 75 Butter, barrels, 280 Ib. bulk.2 65 Butter, barrels, 20 141b.bags.2 85 Butter, sacks, 28 Ibs......... 7 Butter, sacks, 56 Ibs......... 62 Common Grades 100 3 Ib. sacks.. eae oo 60 5 Ib. sacks.. DS 98 10 Ib. sacks.......--.-.-.. 2 05 BG IB. SAGmS................ 40 Ssib. s#ens. 22 Warsaw 56 Ib. dairy in drill bags..... 30 28 Ib. dairy in drill bags..... 15 Ashton 56 lb. dairy in linen sacks... 60 56 Ib. dairy in oe. sacks... 60 Solar Rock SGI: sacha... 30 Common Granulated Fine.. 1 20 Medium Fine.. kh SALT ‘FISH. Cod Georges cured......... @6 Georges genuine...... @ 6% Georges selected...... @7 brand Bank........... @5 Strips or bricks.......6 @9 Co @ 3% Halibut. CN 10 Cras... 8. Herring Holland white hoops, bbl. 11 00 Holland white hoopsbbl. 6 00 Holland white hoop, keg.. 80 Holland white hoop mechs. 85 Norwerian ................ Round 100 Ibs.............. 3 50 ound 401Dps............... 17 Ce 16 Bloaters.. -.... 1 60 ‘Machol Mess 100 Ibs. .............. 12 00 Mess 40 Ibs. .............. 510 Mess 10ihe. 1 35 ae Sie Ee No. f 16 tbe... .. 10 50 No.1 40 Ibs. 50 No.1 10 Ibs. 1 20 No.1 8 lbs. 1 00 No. 216g ibe. 1... 8 50 No.2 Sie... .. 3 70 No.2 10 Ibs. ..... 1 00 No.2 &ibs...... 82 Trout No. 1 100 Ibs. ....... 5 50 No.1 40 Ibs. ....... 2 50 No.1 i0 tbs. ....... 70 No.1 Sibs........ 60 Whitefish No.1 No.2 Fam 100 Ibe._.. .:.. 72 7S@ 272 40 Ibs... .... 320 310 1 40 NO tes... 8: 88 43 S Wes... 73 71 37 SAUERKRAUT Ce 4 50 Half barrels.. ae SEEDS Anise..... cease cee, a Canary, Smyrna... ees 4 Caraway... 8... 8 Cardamon, Malabar......... 60 Celery.. Be laa 2 Hem ; Russian. eee es oes. 4% Mixed Bird.. -+. 4% — white... ee Poppy. ae — ee eee a Cuttle Bone.. oo | ee SHOE BLACKING Handy Box, large......... Handy Box, small......... Bixby’s Royal Polish...... Miller’s Crown Polish..... SNUFF Scotch, in bladders.. Maccaboy, in jars.. a. French Rappee, in jars. . es SOAP Single box.. : 5 box lots, delivered |...” “oS 10 box lots, delivered........ 2 90 RubNex Hote 100 12 oz bars.. 10 Detroit Soap Co. — Beaver a » Co. brands— Grandpa Wonder, large. 3 25 Grandpa W onder, small. 3 85 Grandpa Wonder, small, Dingman Soap Co. brand— Dimeman 3 85 — & Co. brand— a 3 00 B. ‘Babbit brand— Babies Best............- 4 00 Fels brand— INARA 4 00 Scouring Sapolio, kitchen, 3 doz...... 2 40 Sapolio, hand, 3 doz......... 2 40 — Box ee ay English. He tied we we 4% SPICES Whole Spices Aes. 12 Cassia, China fn mats ..... 12 Cassia, Batavia, in bund... 28 Cassia, Saigon, broken... 38 Cassia, Saigon, in rolls.... 55 Cloves, Amboyna.......... 17 Cloves, —- os cic diton . 14 Mace . non ae 55 Nutmegs, 75-80.. coos 50 Nutmegs, 105-10........... 40 Nutmegs, 115-20......:..... 35 Pepper, Singapore, black. 18 Pepper, Singapore, white. 28 Popper shoe... 20 Pure Ground in Bulk Allspice... 16 Cassia, Batavia. 28 Cassia, Saigon. 48 Cloves; Zanziba 17 Ginger, African. 15 Ginger, Cochin.. 18 + ag Jamalca = 5 aca. pees 18 Pepper, Singapore, black. 20 Pepper, Singapore, white. 28 — es Pecceecnes 20 Sag a 20 STARCH Kingsford’s Corn 40 1-lb. packages........... 6% 20 1-Ib. packages........... 6% Gib. pacKages........... 7% Kingsford’s Silver Gloss 40 1-Ib. packages........... q 6 lb. boxes... oo. - unenaen Cin 20 1-Ib. packages.......... 4% 40 1-lb. packages.......... 4% Common Gloss Lib. packages............. 4% 3-lb. packages. -. 46 6-Ib. es. 5 40 and 50-Ib. boxe: 3% Sarre... 3% STOVE POLISH No. 4, 3 doz in case, gross . No. 6, 3 doz in case. gross SUGAR 4 50 7 20 Below are given New York prices on sugars, to which the wholesale dealer adds the local 00 | freight from New York to your shippin: —_ giving you credit on the invoice for the amount of freight buyer pays from the market in which he purchases to his shipping point, including 20 pounds for the weight of the Bell & Bogart brands— Coal = Johnny ......... 3 90 CE 4 00 Lautz a brands— i: cg ee ee es 4 eae ita ora eal cae 3 25 Marselies ie 4 00 Mast 3 70 ee & ‘Gamble brands— oS 3 00 Ivory, —. ae 4 00 vere. 07.2... 6 75 IN. Ke Fairbanics brands— Santa Claus. ............. 3 20 Brew Se ROP oo ce ee se oe 3 95 barrel. Domino.. 6 00 Cut Loaf. 6 00 erusmee. _.... 6 00 Cues. a Powdered . _.. & Ge Coarse Powdered. ....... 5 60 XXXX Powdered......... 5 65 Standard Granulated..... 5 50 Fine Granulated........... 5 50 Queen Anne.... .. 3 i Bis Bargam....._.... ie Umpire.. 2 ie German Family. oo, 2 45 | A. B. Wrisley brands— Good Cheer . Lt. oe 2 SO ia Comtry...._.. tt 3 20 Johnson Soap Co. brands— | ever We 3 60 Calumet oo 27 Seotch Famiiy. 2 50 Cuba.. 2 40 Gowans & Sons brands— Oam teal... ............. 3 25 | Oak Leaf, bigG........... 4 00 | be Canes... 1 95 Ricker’s Magnetic . 3 90 | | eens Granulated........ 5 60 Extra Fine Granulated.. 5 60 | Conf. Granulated.......... 5 75 2 1b. bags Fine Gran...... 5 65 5 lb. bags Fine Gran...... 5 65 | Mould A.... —.. & oo Diamond A.. - OG Confectioner’s A.. 5 30 No. 1, Columbia A.. 5 15 No. 2, Windsor A......... 5 10 No. 3, Ridgewood A...... 5 10 No. 4, Fineenix A......... 5.63 Ne. 5, Empire 4... ..... 5 00 Ne Go ae No. 7 4 85 Ne fo 4 75 No. 9. 470 No. 10 4 65 No. 11 4 60 No fe. 4 55 NOT 4 55 No. 14... 4 50 No. 15.. 4 50 No. 16.. 50 4 Michigan ‘Granulated | 10e ewt less than Eastern. SYRUPS Corn parte. is eee OE 20 1 doz. 1 gallon cans..........3 00 1 doz. % gallon cans......... 1 70 2 doz. % gallon cans......... 90 | Pure Cane | Fair . bec ceu ee Good . Seetde coma edcccucd) ae Choice .. 1...) . = TABLE SAUCES | PERRINS’ The Original and Genuine Worcestershire. Lea & Perrin’s, large...... 3 75 Lea & Perrin’s, small..... Halford, large. ........ —< Halford, smail......... Salad Dressing, large..... Salad Dressing, small..... 2 75 TEA Japan Sundried, medium .......... 28 Sundried, choles............ 30 sundried, fiimey............. 40 Regular, medium............ 28 Regular, choice ......:...... 30 Regular, fancy .............. 40 Basket-fired, medium....... 28 Basket-fired, choice......... 35 Basket-fired, fancy.......... 40 a 27 So 19@21 a 20@22 Gunpowder Moyune, medium ........... 26 Moyune, choles ............. 35 Moyune, faney.........._... 50 Pingsuey, medium.......... 25 Pingsuey, choiee............ 30 Pinigsuey, faney............. 40 Young Hyson Cee 30 Paney.... 36 Oolong Pormosa, faney.............. Amoy, medium.. he Amoy, choice.... English Breakfast Moan... 27 Chelee 34 Gc 42 India = Ghetee. ... 32 Oneal clade ctueedccen po. 6 42 TOBACCO Cigars A. Bomers’ aan, Plaindealer . nal H&P. Drug ¢ Co.’ s brands. Fortune Teller.. 35 00 : - Our Manager.. G.J3.d Saainiad Cigar Co.'s ey a r og ji eee. ae Cigar Clippings, per Ib..... 26 ‘ oe Bros.’ Brands. Gee Sie... Phelps, Brace & Co.’s Brands. Royal Tigers. . .55@ 80 Royal Tigerettes.......... 35 3° 00 Book Filled Tigerettes.... 35 00 Female Tigerettes........ 35 00 Night Hawk, concha...... 35 00 Night Hawk, navel....... 35 00 Vincente Portuondo ..35@ 70 00 Kuhe Bros. Co......... 2 70 00 Lae ag Co.. .. ..85@110 00 T. J. Dunn & Co....... 35@ 70 00 McCoy & Co ...35@ 70 00 The Collins Cigar Co ..10@ 35 00 Brown Bros.. ..15@ 70 00 Bernard Stahl Co...... 35@ 90 00 Banner Cigar Co...... 10@ 35 00 Seidenberg & Co...... 55@125 00 Fulton Cigar Co......10@ 35 00 30 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN {2 A. B. Ballard & Co....35@175 00 E. M. Schwarz & Co.. .35@110 00 ae Deime.. 35@ 70 00 ene Cigar Co...... 18@ 35 00 C. Costello & Co....... 35@ 70 00 LaGora-F ee Go........-. 35@ 70 00 S. I. Davis & Co. .... ..35@185 00 ieee. 35@ 90 00 Benedict & Co.. 7.50@ 70 00 Hemmeter C igar Co. -35@ 70 00 G.J. Johnson Cigar Co.35@ 70 00 Maurice Sanborn .... 50@175 00 a 65@300 00 Manuel Garcia........80@375 00 Neuva Mundo..... 85@175 00 ory tae... 8@550 00 La Carolina.. . 962200 00 Standard T. & C. Co. 35@ 70 00 Van Tongeren’s Brand. Star Green.............. 35 00 Fine Cut ceeeeee On... ne. ae ss — i. .......... ..... = Press Gene........__... _.._3e eee 38 oc rey ( Sweet Loma. . ree is oe As Plug ow mo. Ce ae LL 36 ee. Don awe. ag meecrcan Mapie..........._. 34 Standard Navy. EE: Spear Head, 16 ee a ifeee, SOF. Nobby Twist . i= Jolly Tar . a Old “Honesty... eee a ... ae st S oo Pete. ....... ee soot Jack... ie Jelly Cake. -- a ee en. 36 Siete Warpath .... Bamboo, 8 oz. eS. Bamboo, 16 0z L, 61b Ix L, 30 Ib Honey Dew .... Gold Block....... Flagman Chips ee Kiln Dried - eee ceeees Mistere....... .___ 40 Duke's Cameo.. Myrtle Navy . Yum Yum, 12, oz. Yum Yum.1 1b. p ails Cream. .... es Corn Cake, 2+3 2 OF. — Corn Cake, 11 Plow Boy, 1+ at . ae Poem Bey, 334 0r. a Peerless, 35 02 oe Peerless, 1*; 0z La Paice Mier... ...._. ak Indicator. 11 tb. pails oe on tore Soe... 21 Po Choice, for... TWINE (ase. Cotton. 4 ply. sae eres 2 Hemp, 3 ply ee 12 Pinar, wegiam........... oe | ook, ii bhalis. S VINEGAR Malt White Wine, 40 grain.. Malt White Wine, 80 — ii Pure Cider, Red Star.. 2 Pure Cider, Robinson.......11 Pure Cider, Sitver....._..... 11 WASHING POWDER Sub def Rub-No-More, 100 12 oz ..... 3 50 Gold Dust, — — +50 Gold Dust, de. Cee 4 oo oe > 90 eres. = No. 9, per gross.. a No. !, per gross.. eS No.?. , per gross... 35 No.3. per gross.. ae WOODENW ARE Baskets Bushels .... ee a wide mane 1 20 30 Splint. ae ee 4 00 — eee 3 75 See Ee 3 50 illow Clothes, 2. Willow Clothes, medium __. 6 25 Willow Clothes, small....... 5 50 Butter Plates No. 1 Oval, 250 in erate...... 45 No. 2 Oval, 250 in crate...... 50 No. 3 Oval, 250 in crate...... 55 No. 5 Oval, 250 in erate...... 65 Clothes Pins Round head, 5 gross bor.... 45 Round head, cartons........ 62 Egg Crates Humpty a Joc a No. 1, complete .. . 3 No. 2, complete .....- See 2 Mop Sticks Trojan spring .. 85 Eclipse patent spring... _ Nol common - _ No. 2 patent brush holder. 80 12 B. cotton mop heads..... 12 I3 Wood Bowls io Bewer... im Bae... oi Seer... Assorted 15-17-19 Pails 2-hoop Standard............. 1 40 3-hoop ae 1 60 2-wire, Cable.. oe swe, Gaee 1 70 Cedar, all red. — — 1 2 Paper, Eurekz 22 Fibre.. a ‘iain Co eee 2% Ce ee —- ee 1 40 Moe 1 40 Tubs 20-inch, Standard, No.1..... 6 50 18-inch, Standard, No. 2..... 5 59 16-inch, Standard, No. 3..... 4 50 20-inch, Cable, No. 1.........7 90 18-inch, Cable, No. 2.........6 00 16-inch, Cable, No. 3.........5 00 Ot Pee oe 7 95 No. 3 Fibre.. oo Wash ee Bronze Globe.. a oe Dewey . eee ce ee Double Acme................ 2 75 ee 225 Double Peerless.............3 20 Single Peeriess..............2 50 Northern — ee 2 50 Double — -.3 00 Good Luck . ae Cover 2 2 Min Beer is'n Bee Assorted 13-15-17... 00221. WRAPPING P APER Common Straw. 1% Colored Fiber Manilla. 3% No. 1 Manila... .. _ a Cream Mantia............ 2% Butcher's Manilla......... 214 wa eae... US Wax Buiter. rolls........- 15 YEAST CAKE Magic, 3 doz................. 1 00 Sunlight, 3doz......... ..1 00 Suniens, 136 @or............ 50 Yeast Cream, a 1 00 Yeast Foam,3 dez.......... 1 00 Yeast Foam, 1% doz........ 50 FISH AND OYSTERS Fresh Fish Per Ib. ee fish.. @ 9 eee eo 2 Black ee 1@ 12 ee @ 16 Ciscoes or ——— @ 4 Bluefish .... —_ = Live Lobster... ...... @ Ww Boiled Lobster........ @ 1 ‘ee @ 10 Hi: EK. ms ¢ No. - Pickerel....._... @ 8 ee m= FY Pena ee @ 4 Smoked White........ @ >» Red Snapper......... @ il Col River Salmon..... @ ww ears @ 16 Oysters in Bulk. Per ao ee Mee. Helos. i o See 135 Standards oe Anchor Standards ........ 115 Oysters in Cans. Coes... 35 F. J. D. Selects 30 Soares. 2E F. J. D. Standards... 22 Co 20 Standards ........... 18 Paweee.... 0.28. 16 Shell Goods. Clams, per 100......... 1 00 Yysters. per 190 1 00 HIDES AND PELTS The oe & Bertsch Leather Co., 100 Canal Street, quotes as follows: Hides Green No. 1....... @ 6% Grose Ne.2....._... @ 5s Cured No.1. us @s Cured No. 2.. : @7z Saeiiesean No.1 @ 9 Calfskins,green No.2 @s Calfskins,cured No.1 @10% Calfskins,cured No.2 @9 Pelts Pes, cook 50@1 10 Seances Cu Tallow No. 1... oe @ 4% Ne. 2... oe @ 3% Wool Washed, fine........ 18@20 Washed, medium 22@24 Unwashed, fine..... 12@14 Unwashed, medium. 16@is Furs Beaver - ee Wie tat 10 30 House Cat.. —- 10@ 25 ee 25@1 50 aoe Por. 10@ 73 0 ee 10@%2 00 eee... 23@ 8 ee 25@2 00 merce. 10@ 80 ee 15@1 00 14 CANDIES Stick Candy bbls. ry Standard ............ @s8 Standard H. H...... @s Eee] Twist. ae @ &% Cut Loaf.. + @g cases Jumbo, 32 tb.._.. .... @ 7% ira BH @10% Boston Cream....... @10 Beet Root... ..... ... @és Mixed Candy an @6& @i @ 7H @ &% @ 8+ @9 @ &s @s English Rock. @9 Kindergarten .. @9y French Cream....... @9 Danity Pan @10 Hand Made Cream mee @1545 Crystal Cream mix. . @i3 Fancy—In Bulk San Blas Goodies.. .. @i2 Lozenges, plain @ 9% — printed @10 Choe. Drops. . @lly Eclipse Chocolates.. @l4ts Choe. Monumentals. @i4 Ceylon Chocolate . G13 Gum ene @5i Moss Drops. . S 3 —— Sours. : @10 m "i @i0 oat tae Cream ‘Opera. @i2 = Cream Bonbons apes @i2 — Chews, 15 __ @l4 pine — ie. . @l2% nee @12 Golden Ww affies. @l2 Fancy—In 5 Ib. Boxes Lemon Sours . @55 Peppermint Drops. 3 a ¢ ease. ond = Choe. Drops.. @s5 ag gs > and AS Yo. 1 @i 00 Gum Drops.. oo @30 Licorice Tops. oe @i5 Lozenges, piain..... @55 cs. — @60 Imperials.. @60 Mottoes . aes @60 Cream Bar........_. @55 Molasses Bar.. @55 Hand Made Creams. 80 @s0 Cc = Buttons, Pep. wee @65 String ok @65 Whatecgrocs Berries @é6o Caramels No. : ee. 3 Ib. Baer oie ay a 55@60 FRUITS Oranges Florida Russett...... @ Florida Bright...... & Fancy Naveis....... a Extra Choice........ 75@3 Late — ae S@ Sos: S@ — ee ee @ Pa ]@ 2 Ee EA a ]@ Lemons Messina, 300s ........ 3 £0@3 75 Messina, 360s ........ 3 00@3 25 California 360s ....... 3 00@3 25 California 300s ....... 3 25@3 50 Bananas Medium bunches.... 1 75@2 00 Large bunches...... 2 W@2 B Foreign Dried Fruits Figs Californias, Fancy.. @ Cal. pKg, 10 Ib. boxes S Extra Choice, 10 Ib. = Boe 10 Fancy, 12 Ib. boxes 13 Pulled, 6 1b. boxes Nai .in Dates Fards in 10 lb. boxes Fards in 60 lb. cases. Baws... 5 by Ib. cases, new..... Sairs, 60 Ib. cases.... 4% @ 5 NUTS Almonds, Tar @is Almonds, Ivica ..... @ ‘Cmonas, — soft snelled.. 17@19 8razils, - @13 Pence @i3% Walnuts Grenobles. @l4 Walnut., soft shelled California No. 1. @l4 Table Nuts, fancy... ‘@li Table Nuts, choice.. 13 — a ae 10 ‘ecans i Large.. Se @ll Pecans, Jumbos..... @i2 Hickory Nuts per bu. hio, new. @ Coeoanuts, full sacks 75 Chestnuts, per bu.. iniie Fancy, = Fy Suns.. 5%@ Fancy, H » Flags 64@ 7 Choice, H. P., “Extras @ —- H. P., Extras Span. Shild No. in'w 64@ 7% 15 Crockery and Glassware. AKRON STONEWARE Butters aes. per cal. - 1g gal, 2 to6 gal., 8 gal. € ach - each... ee E meal tans, fach.... a. ea, teos, Gach... mecnt-cies, Glen. most tans, Gen. 30 gal. Churns SMOG OSL perce. Cite Dasmers, per @oz............... Milkpans 1. flat or rd. bot., per poz . Sater mi bot cach ._....__.. Fine Glazed Milkpans fiat or rd. bot., per doz.... _... hone Ibo S ts ab or nd. bot_each.......:.... 5% Stewpans 49 gal. fireproof, bail, per doz......... 85 1 gal. fireproof. bail, per doz......... 110 Jugs eel peerage... 64 EE 48 1 to 5 gal., per gal. os 8 amie: Wax Gibs im package. uerly =... 2 LAMP BURNERS ee 35 No. 1 Sun.. cease dacs 45 Moree 65 No. a—.......... 1 00 Tubular. . 45 Nutmeg. 50 LAMP CHIMNEYS—Seconds Per box of 6 doz. miss... 150 ne tee 1 66 ee 2 36 First Quality No. 0 Sun, crimp top, wrapped & lab. 2 00 No. 1 Sun, crimp top, wrapped & lab. 215 No. 2 Sun, crimp top, wrapped & lab. 315 XXX Flint No. 1 Sun, crimp top, wrapped & lab. 2 75 No. 2 Sun, crimp top, —T ae & lab. 3 75 No. 2 Sun, hinge, wrapped & lab...... 4 00 Pearl Top No. 1 Sun, wrapped and labeled...... 4 00 No. 2 Sun, wrapped and labeled...... 5 00 No. 2 hinge, wrap ped and labeled..... 5 10 No. 2 Sun, “Small Bulb,” for Globe Ea 80 La Bastie No. 1 Sun, plain bulb, per doz........ 90 No. 2 Sun, plain bulb, per doz. 115 No.1 Crump, perder... _ 1 35 ™O: 2 (teen, per@or.. 1 60 Rochester oe. i kia (oie Gor). 350 No. 2 timate dor). 3 75 No.2 Pint (0c Gaz) 470 Electric Me? Eee 0 Gee 3 75 No. 2 Flint (80¢ doz).. oe 4 40 OIL CANS| 1 gal. tin cans with spout, per doz.. 1 40 1 gal. galv. iron with spout, per doz.. 1 58 2 gal. — iron with spout, per doz.. 2 78 3 gal. galv. iron with spout, per doz.. 3 75 5 gal. ga aly. fron with spout, per doz.. 485 3 gal. galv. iron with faucet, per doz.. 425 5 gal. galv. iron with faucet, per doz.. 4 95 Seek See CaMR 7 2 b gal. eeiy oe Nace. 9 00 Pump Cans 5 gal. Rapid steady stream.. 8 50 5 gal. Eureka, non-overflow .. na 10 50 Se 9 95 Seal oe eee 11 28 Seal tee tie. 9 50 LANTERNS No. 0 Tubular, — - eee ae wn 485 No. 1B Tubula: a 7 40 No. 15 Tubular ag 7 50 No. 1 Tubular, glass fountain.. 7 50 No. 12 Tubular, side lamp............. 13 50 No. 3 Street lamp, each.............. 3 60 LANTERN GLOBES No. 0 Tub., cases 1 doz. each, box, 10¢ 45 No. 0 Tub., cases 2 doz. each, box, 15¢ 45 No. 0 Tub., bbls 5 doz. each. per bbl.. 2 00 No. 0 Tub., Bull’s eye, cases 1 doz. each 13 Earthenware Méat Tubs All sizes instock. We can ship promptly. Prices are right. Send us your order. W. 8. & J. E. Graham 15, 20, 25, 30 gal. GRAND RAPIps, MICH. GAS AND GASOLINE MANTLES and Perfection Satisfaction, are the best. Glovers’ Gems, GLOVER’S WHOLESALE MDSE. CO., er heh Importers, and Jobbers of Gas and Gasoline Sundries, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. THE NULITE 750 Candle Power ARC ILLUMINATORS Produce the finest artificial light in the world. - Table Lamp, Outdoor Are, Superior to electricity or gas, cheaper than kero- sene oil. A 20th century revelation in the art of lighting. They darkness into daylight turn, And air instead of money burn. No smoke, no odor, no noise, absolutely safe. They are portable, hang or stand them anywhere. We also mrnufacture Table Lamps, Wall Lamps, Pendants, Chandeliers, Street Lamps, etc. The best and only really success- ful Incandescent Vapor Gas Lamps made. They sell at sight’ Good agents wanted. Write for catalogue and prices. CHICAGO SOLAR LIGHT Co,., 81 L. Fifth Ave. Chicago, Il. ness The things you overlooked when our salesman visited you can be ordered from us by telephone, tel- egraph or letter. They will be shipped on the first train. We appreciate the fact that when you want something, you want it right off. Therefore, prompt shipments. BROWN & SEHLER. Grand Rapids, Michigan. ]OSSSSOSSSO SOS bd dd AAA AD PRU GGG GGGOO OOOO OO990908 OO Simple ae Account File Simplest and Most Economical Method of Keeping Petit Accounts File and 1,000 printed blank bul heads. ek $2 75 File and 1,000 specially printed bill heads. ..... 3 00 Printed blank bill heads, per thousand........... 1 25 Specially printed bill heads, per thousand..... deuce So Tradesman Company, Grand Rapids. 4OOOOGOO446 dd DAA DDD DDD Te OCT CCT UT eCCCT TC Cree > & > OO > Oy Oy On Oy Oy On Oy bn bn by bo bn, Gn bb by bn bn bn li, bn bn on bn hn by he bt by tp bn tt OF OFF FOF OF OFF FOGG GOOF GG FFF FFP PV VSO OD NE a ee ee ON TO TD OO OFF VF POFFO GPG OOO OOS GRU VVC OOS OD vay wil * MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 31 Window Dressing Introduction of Color in the Background : of the Window. One of the constant problems in win- dow trimming is the proper use of color in the windows. A trim of furnishing goods does not present as great diffi- culties in this respect asa clothing trim, especially a clothing trim of winter goods in their somber colors, black, gray or dark brown. No matter how furnishing goods are arranged or dis- played, their different bright colors will give the window some brilliancy, even although that brilliancy may repel by the bad combinations of colors that are shown. But with the clothing window it is different. A solid clothing trim of winter goods is apt to present a solid mass of shadow, which, when the reflec- tion of plate glass is taken into account, presents nothing but a black, shadowy mass to the view of the spectator, for whose benefit the window is arranged. For this reason it is of great importance that the clothing window shall have color introduced into it, that the indi- viduality of the garments contained in it may be brought out and every gar- ment enabled to present itself with some advantage. On the whole, it is not advisable to intersperse clothing trims with furnishing goods, and in many cases this method of introducing color into the window is not practical. The proprietor of the store may also have a prejudice against backgrounds of cheese- cloth, or other fancy materials, either because he does not believe in the use of such accessories, or because he ob- jects to the expense connected with them. In such a case the trimmer is at a loss for means to neutralize the effect of the solid mass of black behind the plate glass front of the store, called by courtesy a display of various kinds of clothing. About the best method of dealing with this problem is to introduce color into the background of the win- dow and to space the garments in the window as widely as possible, so that, even if color is not used, their outlines and peculiar features shall be as dis- tinct as possible. It is a good idea to have curtains over the back of a cloth- ing window. These curtains should be of plush, hung simply in natural folds from a curtain rod over the top of the backing. If the floor of the window is then covered with a nice piece of felt or (if nothing better offers) canton flan- nel, a background is provided that does not interfere with the ggeatest simplic- ity in the method of trimming em- ployed. Good colors for such curtains are green, not too light in shade, or red, also of a moderate degree of brilliancy. In plush or similar materials, such as velour, they will give a window a very rich effect, and, although the first cost be high, yet the added richness given to the window and the durability of the goods will well repay the expenditure, if one is at all ambitious to build up a fine trade. The floor covering should be of the same color as the color of the cur- tains. It would: be well for stores in which spectacular window trims are never used to have two sets of curtains, one for one portion of the year, the other for the remainder. A change in the background of the window does much to attract attention to its contents, no matter how poor the new background be in comparison with the one removed. A background of green for the warmer months of the year, as green is a somber and cool color, and a background of dull red for the colder months, when warmth is looked for within, would be a good combination. The curtains used should be perfectly plain, unless, per- haps, they are edged with a heavy cord of twisted silk. A cord of yellow would look well on curtains of either red or green. Plain curtains do not attract at- tention to themselves. Elaborate figures or designs on the curtains tend to dis- tract attention from the goods shown. It is a mistake to depend altogether upon one background all the year around, no matter how fine or beautiful that back- ground be. Nothing attracts attention like a change and the merchant should not forget it. *x Ok The beauty of tapestry is a proverb among lovers of the beautiful. The soft and delicate combinations of color, the beauty of design, and the interest of the pattern itself, which in the better class of tapestries is never obtrusive, make pieces of tapestry exceedingly beautiful accessories for all kinds of rich and fine goods. A piece of tapes- try in a window as a background is very effective, because it is very artistic. Fortunately the beauties of tapestry are now reproduced in fine wall paper, which at a little distance can hardly be distinguished from the genuine article itself. These papers in their dull, rich designs would make beautiful backings for either clothing or furnishing goods windows. They can be produced in many varied and beautiful designs, em- bodying all shades and tones of color, for seventy-five cents for thirty-six square feet. Pasted on a perfectly plain false backing they would do much to add richness to any kind of a window. The objection to most figured wall paper when it is used for window purposes is that the figures have an inartistic effect. Tapestry paper suggests tapestry and its delicate rich colors are the essence of refinement itself. For those who would like to use burlap backings, but are deterred by the expense, there is a new paper called the Bagdad effect, which is an imitation of the burlap in the surface and color effect. It costs about twenty-five cents for thirty-six square feet, and can be obtained in all shades and colors that are likely to be desired by the window man. Another paper which is much superior to car- tridge paper in its effect, although hav- ing all the good qualities of cartridge paper, is the crepe paper—not tissue paper, but wall paper--sometimes called raw silk paper, on account of its silky surface effect. This is to be had in the various standard shades and colors and has the advantage of a much richer sur- face effect than the dull-finish cartridge paper. In these papers designs of all kinds can be had, from simple geomet- rical figures to Gobelin tapestry or Per- sian tapestry effects of the richest and most artistic designs. The beautiful Persian wall rugs are well known, and Persian tapestry effects enable the mer- chant of modest means to get something of the same rich and beautiful result in his windows. —Apparel Gazette. 2. At the Judgment Bar. St. Peter—And who are you? Candidate—I am a merchant. St. Peter—Did you take a trade jour- nal? Candidate— Yes, St. Peter—Did you pay for it? Candidate— No. Se sp ea ee The young man who declares that he has never been in love forgets how he has always adored himself. How I Dressed My Show Window. Some time ago I had occasion to visit a wholesale house, and saw an extra fine lot of cinchona bark in almost perfect quills. It struck me that I could utilize some for dressing one of my windows. The idea is not by any means new, but a description of how I did the trick may be of interest. I borrowed several pounds of good quills, promising to re- turn them shortly, also the original case in which they had been imported. About three inches from the top of the box I inserted three cross-pieces, on which the bark was laid so as to give the appearance of a full case. This was then labeled with the common and botanical names of the bark, and its habitat and uses. The case was placed in the center of the window, and_ back of it was suspended a sketch map of the world, the countries yielding cinchona bark being colored blue. To the right of the case I set out a bottie each of quinine, cinchonine, cin- chonidine, and quinidine sulphates and hydrochlorides, with this legend: ‘‘AlIl these and several more-are made from Cinchona Bark.’’ Back of this part of the show I set up a percolator contain- ing two pounds of the ground bark, and reversed on top of it a winchester of the U. S. P. menstruum for fluid extract. The percolate which was allowed to come through very slowly was _ received in a graduated jar. On another retort stand | had a liter separator containing 25v cubic centimeters each of the per- colate and of benzol. In a porcelain dish I placed some of the crude resinlike alkaloids which had been washed out of another bath, and in a second evaporating dish I put al- most a quarter of an ounce of quinine sulphate. This combination was ticketed, ‘‘This is how quinine is made,’’ and on the first dish wasa label Stating that it contained the crude alkaloids as obtained from the bark,and the second dish was labeled as contain- ing the pure quinine sulphate. On the other side of the case I set up another packed percolator, and a com- plete line of the preparations of cin- chona, such as the extract, tincture, wine, etc., all with my own label. Right in front of the case of bark and in the very front of the window I placed a 100-ounce quinine sulphate tin. This also I had borrowed; the label was in- tact, and the whole in good condition. The empty tin was filled to within two inches of the top with sawdust. This was carefully covered with white paper, sufficient margin being left to paste to the tin. I did not want to have any ac- cident, and I did not want the public to get onto the fraud I was perpetrating. When the paper was well secured I poured on four ounces of quinine, spread it out carefully, and no one would have suspected that the tin con- tained anything but the real thing. Then a cardboard was attached to it with this legend: ‘‘This tin contains 100 ounces of quinine sulphate. It re- quired 150 pounds of the best cinchona bark, and the greatest scientific skill to make it.’’ Now we come to the point of the show: All around the back and the sides of the window I placed piles of Cincho- Fer, a tonic which I prepare, properly ticketed with prices and the uses for which it is recommended. The display made a lot of talk,for every one in town saw it, and as one result the sale of Cincho-Fer increased immensely. I in- tend making a series of these windows with different drugs, and to work in my own preparations at the same time. This is one way to use show windows, and | think the right way. F. R. Macy. > -@-

a. Mormmana Co... 350 11 ee weer. 106. 10 eo .h.lClt:tCCC:CCCsC‘C(#NNNNNN”’N GA Michigan Moulding Mfg. Co............... 1&8 mecwiean BrashGo.. = = 7 00 Phoenix FPurmiure Coe.._............__. _- 12 Sv —.|.hLm!Lm,U,UCLCCCCCCCCCCCss Ct. 50 pel tersenhacner. = = === ss 5v ee ee 82 17 Suow & Davis Furniture Uoe..........___... 2 40 Ww A. Stowe... oe 5 U0 te .....!.U......,..!..C.;;:.”.C.COCOOCGSEOCO mre 8 11 Samo Hurmigure Co...................... sy2 39 meats & Darekay. 3 Ck i. oe 68 39 Scofield, Shurmer & Teagle..... 14 su Paul Steketee & Sons.........-. 2 40 Max P. Thicle & Co... ___. ee 46 40 ——ee..l.LCL::t:CS::C‘CSCNCOW#CONWCOCNCO;”#CNN.COCUC Bote... lee Vertes, Herpeisbemer & Oo................ 25 GD a? wees... Western Union Telegraph Co............- 7 62 Weumore tweCo........ Ll 57 00 os oe ...hCLUtCCC(‘(‘;NCWNNN(NNY... OO Wabash Valicy Caai0e.........-._..... 35 78 cH wes So 13 00 Mea ties. 17 be inwsmEres. CU cos. 118 16 E. T. Pomeroy rcs a ..,.mhmLU.,.,.!.D...ULU..U.C CC eee —. 3 8s a ..h...ULCUCCC:SCi‘«CWC«j‘Cjw‘CNYS)é«é‘é‘é‘sé‘s)“. 1 05 A. Himes. a 5 ii Loe. CC 1 54 avec CC. i Se =. F. Bennet Fucl & ice Co........_... . a es * Weetceem fe... ae oe Sen toes 342 50 Per ees ee —— set ShChCUtt!..C. 192 7 Fourth National Bank................... 8 500 06 The outside creditors are as follows: American Eneaustie Tiling Co., Zanes- Ville, Ohio... -.. . 1 O47 36 American Contractor, New York...... 5 On American Gine Co., Chieago........._.- 3 80 American Lacquer Co , Bridgeport, Conn 21 00 American Varnish Co., Chicago. ........ 12 50 American Architect & Bldg. News Co., Ses 45 00 Architectural Decorating Co., Chieago 69 20 Chas. H. Besly & Co., Chicago........... 2 52 Geo. F. Barber & Co., Knoxville, Tenn 60 00 Bennett & O'Connell Co., Chieago...... 81 28 Cannon, New York........... __._.. 43 86 Chicago Veneer Co., Chicago............ 12 45 Chas. Roberts & Co., Long Island City. John C. Cochran Co., New York........ 35 00 Wm. Tf. Comstock, New York........._. 37 50 Philip Chresta & Sons, Detroit.......... 15 00 The Carborundum Co., Niagara Falls 14 28 Chieago Tile & Roof Co., Chieago........ is i W M. Crane (Co, New VYork............. 7 00 Dawson Bras. Chicago......._-...__.. 204 Dow Wire Works Co , Louisville, Ky.... 167 91 Egyptian Lacquer Co., New York....... 5 00 Globe Iron Works, Jackson, Ohio....... 445 07 Heroy & Marrener, Chicago............. 406 27 S. Isaacs & Co.. New Vork..........._.. 5 00 Indiana Lum. & Veneer Co, Indianapolis 22 44 Improvement Bulletin, Minneapolis .... 5 00 Keith's Home Builder, Indianapo is .... 82 00 Kennesau Marble Co., Marietta, Ga.... 191 79 i © Bey, Demon .................__. 16 05 gacques Kahn, New York........._..._- 164 13 John J. Mack, Weedsport, N. Y......... 3,000 00 N. W. Expanded Metal Co., Chicago.... 89 50 N. Y Ornamental Iron Works, N. Y.... 17 & New England Master Builders, Boston.. 3 00 North American Heview................. 15 00 © Oberwayer Co., Chicago... ....____.. 6 2 Oldbridge Fnameled Brick & Tile Co... 114 64 Palmer & Price Co., Newark, N. J...... 32 15 Zucker, |}eveit & Loub Go......_.... _... 41 20 Pmnesy & Bor... 83 Bear Eneaustie filing (o.....-.......... 609 11 Standard Varnish Works, New York.... 144 45 Stevenson Mfg. Co, Albany............. 2 40 Semon Bache & Co., New York.......... 140 71 ochrenk & Co., New Werk ............ 162 8&3 Trey Nickel Works, Alvbany............. 71 44 ’ é Thompson Wood Finishing Co., Philadel 8 10 U. S. Refining Co., Cleveland............ 3 49 The career of the Aldine Manufactur- ing Co. has been a checkered one from the start, due to defects of organization, errors of management and a series of unfortunate circumstances which would have blasted the career and depleted the treasury of a less hardy corporation. An effort will undoubtedly be made to throw the corporation into bankruptcy, so that payments which have been made to certain favored creditors during the past three months may be returned to the estate. 06> ___ The Boys Behind the Counter. Kalamazoo—E. R. Mackey, who has been in the shoe business on Portage street, has taken a position with J. F. Muftley. : South Haven—Will Clark, formerly of South Haven, late of Dowagiac, has been secured by Chas. R. Kenyon and, with Mr. John Hunt, will wait upon the public in his new meat market. Houghton—The clerks of Houghton nave entered the contest for honors on the indoor base ball field. They are anxious to arrange a game with the Cal- umet clerks and promise to give them the contest of their lives. Calumet Mining Gazette: A com- mittee from the clerks’ organization called on the Mining Gazette with the request that the paper make public the fact that Nathan Ruttenberg, proprietor of the Star Clothing House, was public- ly, and without any show at an attempt to close on time, breaking his agree- ment with the clerks in keeping his place of business open until iate at night. They claimed that Mr. Rutten- berg, by his action, would break up the agreement which most of the Calumet mercantile establishments had lived up to without kicking and that the result would be that all stores would break the early closing regulation. A reporter for the Mining Gazette called on Mr. Rut- tenberg and asked for his side of the story. He said that he was having a special sale at his store, that he had a big force of clerks employed to handle the extra trade he had because of that sale, that he had gone to big expense in advertising the sale and in other ways it was costing him a great deal and the firm was doing such a business that it was utterly impossible for him to close at 8 o’clock while the sale was in prog- ress. He said that he believed the agreement was all right, that he had al- ways lived up to it and that he would certainly close at 8 o’clock just as soon as the sale was over with. He felt that he had a right to do as he pleased in regard to his own business and that he did not think he should be dictated to by the clerks or anybody else as to how he was to run his business. ——_> 2+ __ A Record of Which He May Be Proud. T. L. Brundage, who has conducted a commission house at Cleveland for several years, with a branch house at Cincinnati, has merged his business in- to a stock company under the style of the T. L. Brundage Co. The corpora- tion has an authorized capital stock of $50,000, of which $30,000 is paid in. This arrangement enables Mr. Brund- age to carry into execution a plan he has long cherished, of permitting his em- ployes to share in the profits of the busi- ness, seven in the Cleveland store and two in the Cincinnati branch having taken stock in the company. Mr. Brundage engaged in business in Cleve- land in 1893, an entire stranger, yet managed to handle goods to the amount of $75,073.60 the first year. The seventh year he increased the volume of his sales to $346,961.16, which leaves no doubt in the minds of other shippers or customers that his business is estab- lished on a safe foundation. —__—»».»—___ Onaway——Cheney & Stratton expect to start their sawmill here the first of next month. They have 300 men at work in their camps putting in timber for the mill, largely hardwood, and they have a fifteen years’ supply standing in the woods. Ed. Frick (Olney & Judson Grocer Co.) and A. B. Klise (A. B. Klise Lumber Co.) are making a tour of Flor- ida. They are accompanied by their wives. BuUsinas Hails Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the first insertion and one cent a word for each subsequent insertion. No advertisements taken for less than 25 cents. Advance payments. BUSINESS CHANCES. OR SALE—A GENERAL STOCK OF clothing, dry goods, shoes and groceries in town of 1,200 people; old-established business; selling for spot cash, $45,000 a year; rent, $500; stock will invoice about $18.000; good reasons for selling. Address M. J. Rogan, 14 Kanter Bldg., Detroit. 686 = SALE—A GOOD PAYING DRUG store in live Northern Michigan town. II] health the reason for selling. A bargain. Ad- dress E.S , care Michigan Tradesman. 682 NOR SALE—INTEREST IN A MANUFAC- turing business. Take land in part payment. Address Lock Box 2375, Battle Creek, Mich. 683 POR SALE— DRUG, WALL PAPER AND stationery business in good town in Michi- gan of 1,500 population. Good, clean stock and old-established business; no cutting; good rea- sons for selling. Address Gould, care Michigan Tradesman. 684 qVOR SALE — STOCK OF GENERAL MER- chandise in good lumbering and farming country; stock invoices about $5,000; will sell store, stock and fixtures or sell stock and fix- tures and rent building; half down, balance in approved bankable paper; no trader or fakir need apply. Address Box 222, Elmira. Mich. 685 / ANTED TO LEASE FROM LIVE PEO- ple space for millinery depa:tme t in racket store or dry goods store catering to the masses Parties must be hustlers and enjoying good business. Address No. ¢76, care Michigan Tradesman. 676 POR SALE—A GOOD STOCK OF GROCER- ies and drugs. Must be sold on account of death of the manager; a good bargain for the right person. Address Mrs. F. Grandy, Fair- field, Mich. 675 POR SALE CHEAP—CIGAR FACTORY, tools and leaf tobacco, in a good town in Central Michigan; doing a good business: retail store in connection, with good trade; a bargain for the right man. Reason for selling, poor health. Address No. 674, care Michigan Trades- man. 674 HAVE A_ FIRST-CLASS 160 ACRE IM- proved grain and hay farm in Mason county which I will exchange for timber land. Address George Engel, Mendon, Mich. 672 C HOICE FARM OF ONE HUNDRED twenty acres to exchange for merchandise. Lock Box 280, Cedar Springs, Mich. 680 ahr —IN THE BIGGEST LITTLE town in Michigan flour mill, planing mill. canning factory, agricultural implement dealer, novelty works and home seekers; abundance of timber; immense water power; two railroads and cheap stump lands. Write for deseriptive booklet. Wm. Hogg, Secretary of Association, Thompsonville, Mich. 677 YOOD OPENING FOR GROCERIES, DRY goods, shoes or general store. Address Lock Box 616, Howell, Mich. 667 Kok SALE—PARTY WITH $1.500 OR $2,000 ean pick that amount from a $10,000 stock of dry goods and clothing and have possession at once of best store location and trade in town of 1,000 population. No traders or fakirs need ap- ply. Address No. 671, care Michigan Trades- man 671 ] OUBLE YOUR MONEY. BUY GRAND Rapids reality before rise sure to come in sare Clark’s Real Estate Exchange, Grand Rapids. 661 POR SALE OR EXCHANGE—A GLEAN stock of drugs and jewelry or either one sep arate; best location in the city, opposite Union depot and boat docks. Address Union Phar- macy, Muskegon, Mich. 664 ete SALE A BARTHOLOMEW “NICHOL- \ mint” popcorn and peanut roaster combined ; Inuse one year. Address 201 Washington Ave. S., Lansing. 666" PORTY ACRES OF IMPROVED FARMING land, well fenced, Including good house and barn, 3% miles from suburban troll line, to ex- change for stock of merchandise. KE. D. Wright, care Musselman Grocer Co., Grand Rapids. 644 - OCATION WANTED FOR SAWMILL; will saw on contract or will buy timber. Ad- dress George Engel, Mendon, Mich. 673 ped SALE—GENERAL STOCK OF GOODS, store building, fixtures and horses, in thriv- ing mining town of Northern Michigan.