ADESMAN Nineteenth Year GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1901. Number 946 ELLIOT O. GROSVENOR Late State Food Commissioner Advisory Counsel to manufacturers and jobbers whose interests are‘affected by the Food Laws of any state. Corres- pondence invited. 1232 [Majestic Building, Detroit, [lich. vyewvvvvvvvyvvvuvvvvvvuvvvvv* POR DOG FGF FG FOGG IS OG OD WILLIAM CONNOR WHOLESALE READYMADE CLOTHING for all ages, Removed to William Alden Smith block, 28 and 30 South Ionia street. Open daily from 8 a. m. to 6 p. m. Saturday to I p. m, Mail orders promptly attended to. Customers’ expenses allowed. Dh bb bb hbibihbibi bbb bh ooh bt PO GVO V VU VU VV VV VUY phbbhbhbhbhbbbib bbb tr bolt, tr PFRUGVUGFVVVVUTVVUVVUVVUY yeuwvvvvrvvvvvvvvvvvyvyvyvyvyyv*" GFRUGOOVUOUTE OVO VO VOTE VIVO A. BOMERS, . «Commercial Broker.. And Dealer in Cigars and Tobaccos, 157 E. Fulton St.” GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Aluminum Money Will Increase Your Business. Ty ae iS ‘ FENSO ele) Lede ae D KY. Fy * Ae Oi . We Cheap and Effective. Send for samples and prices. C. H. HANSON, 44 S. Clark St.. Chicago. U1. es 4 a (ALU Widdicomb Bldg, Grand Rapids. Detroit Opera House Block, Detroit. L. J. Stevenson, Manager R. J. Cleland and Don E. Minor, Attorneys Prompt attention to all kinds of Collec- tions, Adjustments and Litigation. Our credit advices will avoid making worth- less accounts. We collect all others. THE MERCANTILE AGENCY Established 1841. R. G. DUN & CO. Widdicomb Bid’g, Grand Rapids, Mich. Books arranged with trade classification of names. Collections made everywhere. Write for particulars. C. E. McCRONE, [ianager. 7) Bety yA Ly GGEG Offices National Fire Ins. Co. of Hartford Successor to The Grand Rapids Fire Ins. Co. CAPITAL, $1,000,000 Tradesman Coupons Contributors to the Anniversary Edition. In addition to the regular editorial staff of the Tradesman, thirty-two spe- cial articles on subjects of interest to the Tradesman’s readers appear in this week’s anniversary issue, prepared by gentlemen who are everywhere recog- nized as experts in their respective lines, as follows: Clay H. Hollister, Cashier Old Na- tional Bank, city. Claude Hamilton, Auditor Michigan Trust Co., city. C. J. DeRoo, Secretary Walsh-DeRoo Milling Co., Holland. C. C. Follmer, C. C. Follmer & Co., city. W. Millard Palmer, Lyon, Kymer & Palmer Co., city. Thos. F. Carroll, Rapids, Grand Haven Railway, city. W. N. Ferris, Principal Ferris Indus- trial Institute, Big Rapids. Gilbert W. Lee, Lee & Cady, Detroit. Oscar F. Conklin, Los Angeles, Cali. E. A. Owen, Vittoria, Ont. Chas. W. Garfield, President Grand Rapids Savings Bank, city. Kate W. Nobles, President The Kate W. Nobles Mfg. Co., Niles. F. H. Thurston, Avalon, Cali. Henry C. Weber, H. C. Weber & Co., Detroit. D. C. Leach, Walton. Chas. R. Sligh, President Sligh Fur- niture Co,, city. J. Elmer Pratt, city. Geo. L. Thurston, Thurston & Co., Central Lake. C. E. Burns, Detroit. Geo. E. Kollen, Holland. L. Winternitz, Fleischmann & Co., Cincinnati. Hon. Peter Doran, city. Albert Baxter, Muskegon. Arch. Cameron, Cameron Co., Torch Lake. Heman G. Barlow, Olney & Judson Grocer Co., city. E. Defebaugh, Editor American Lumberman, Chicago. J. G. Standart, Standart Bros., De- troit. James B. Forgan, President First Na- tional Bank, Chicago. John D. Mangum, quette. Chas. N. Remington, Jr., city. D. C. Oakes, National Bank of Grand Haven. Geo. E. Bardeen, President Bardeen Paper Co., Otsego. President Grand & Muskegon Lumber Mayor of Mar- The Grain Market. Wheat has taken on a stronger tone; while the advance has been slow, it has been on the up grade. The world’s shipments have been large, exceeding 10, 500,000 bushels, of which the United States furnished 6,600,000 bushels. The visible increase was only 558,000 bush- els, which also tended to strengthen prices. Receipts are falling off in the Northwest. Stocks are not accumulat- ing. Should speculation set in, prices would easily be lifted to a higher level. Wheat prices have been low so long that the trade seem to think that as long as there is enough coming to absorb the demand, they are not in a hurry to buy except for present needs. Argentine furnished only a small amount for ex- port. While they had some rain, it is generally considered that it came too late,and their crop will be less than last year’s, so the importing countries are looking to the United States for their supplies, as the Baltic will soon be closed and Russia has not much to offer. We fail to see where lower prices will come in; in fact, think present prices are bottom. Corn is very strong and fully 1c high- er for futures. The export demand is quite brisk at the advance. The visible decreased 786,000 bushels and, as the corn states are short, this will tend to still further elevate prices. Oats are up fully 2c since one week ago. The demand exceeds the supply, as the crop was also short. They will probably sell a great deal higher, as all and more will be needed. Although rather slow, rye prices are up fully 3c from the low point. As Germany was 60,000,000 bushels short, they begin to look for importing from this country, which helps to sustain prices at present limit. Beans, since the October corner is past, have dropped to $1.68 for Novem- ber and $1.63 for December and Janu- ary. The tendency is to a lower level of prices. Flour remains steady, owing to the advance in wheat, and will have to ad- vance, as stocks are not pressing on the market and dealers generally are not overstocked. Mill feed is still in de- mand at full prices, owing to the high price of corn and oats. I think prices will remain steady and may go higher. Receipts for the past week have been as follows: wheat, 44 cars; corn, IO cars; oats, 9 cars; rye, I car; flour, 7 cars; beans, 5 cars; hay, I car; pota- toes, 28 cars. For the month: wheat, 285 cars; corn, 37 Cars; oats, 22 Cars; middlings, 1 car; rye, 2 cars; flour, 31 cars; beans, 16 cars; malt, I car; hay, Ig cars; straw, 3 cars; potatoes, 64 cars; honey, I car. C. G. A. Voigt. —__»2>—___ Hides, Pelts, Tallow and Wool. Hides are high in price and the mar- ket on light has been well cleaned up. Prices sagged some and appearances in- dicate a lower basis, as tanners see no profit ahead. Stocks are of good qual- ity and scarce. There is little country kill, which is likely to create a demand which will prevent any accumulation. Pelts are in good demand at fair prices. Values are not excessive and stocks are light. Better prices are looked for. Tallow is in fully supply and there is a good demand at fair values. All stocks are wanted. Trade is good. Wools have an inning ata fair ad- vance, caused by large sales at sea- board. Values have moved up slightly by this movement of wool, although selling prices are no higher. Manufac- turers simply took a good supply, be- lieving prices would be no _ lower. These sales have given hope to holders and they will profit by it. A continued good trade is looked for. Considerable wool is moving out of the State. Buy- ers are active, while the slight advance gives no profit to holders. Wm. T. Hess. | forces of skilled workmen. The Boys Behind the Counter. Jennings—John J. Gage, formerly buyer in the Antrim Iron Co. store at Mancelona, has taken a clerkship in the general store of Mitchell Bros. here. Plainwell—Fred. Granger succeeds Harold Warwick as clerk in the Star drug store. Big Rapids—Theo. Bidwell, who has been clerking for C. M. Wiseman in his book store, has gone behind the counter for the Hobert-Beecher Co. Grawn—H. Frank Campbell, former- ly of Wexford county and recently of Cadillac, is now salesman in the drug store of D. W. Reynolds here. Holland—Henry Winters, who has been clerk for the Lokker-Rutgers Co. for several years, has taken a position in the shoe and clothing store of Van Ark & Notier. . Eaton Rapids—Ford McCarrick, clerk in J. J. Milbourn’s drug store, and Miss Bessie Stevens, of Lansing, were mar- ried recently. Benton Harbor—Victor L. Simon has resigned his position with the Pere Marquette Railway to accept a position with the Fletcher Clothing Co. Sturgis—W. W. Anderson, of South Haven, has taken a position as salesman in M. Estherson’s dry goods store. Muskegon—Wm. T. Baker, who for the past twelve years has been em- ployed at the Wm. D. Hardy & Co.’s stores, has severed his relations with that firm. He will soon leave for Grand Haven to engage in the dry goods busi- ness there. Before leaving for home Saturday evening the other clerks sur- rounded Mr. Baker and most agreeably surprised him by giving him a gold set ring asa token of esteem and fellowship. Mr. Baker was overcome by the kind- ness but thanked his friends for the gift. —_—__—~> 6. The steel trust not only did not obtain control of all the steel mills in this country, but it has been unable to pre- vent the establishment of new concerns by independent capitalists. Many of these capitalists are men whose interests were bought out by the trust, who know the steel business thoroughly and are likely to succeed in it, despite the strongest competition. There is such an unlimited market for steel goods at the present time that there is room for all the manufacturers. The chief diffi- culty now is in procuring adequate The trust mills are especially hampered, as many of their hands have gone to the new mills opened by their old employers. ~~. 4+. We are accustomed to regard the Jap- anese as clever people, but to put them in the category of imitators rather than originators. They belong to the yellow race and we are slow to admit equality on the part of any people of color. Dr. Nicholas Senn, who has just visited Japan, makes the declaration that our color philosophy is defective. He says that ‘‘Japan is scientifically independent of the outside world’’ and that ‘‘Japan- ese scientists are in the front ranks of original thinkers and discoverers to- day.’’ ease pettiness Fd oa Beet Ph eg epee areas i MICHIGAN » TRADESMAN BANKING INTERESTS. ' Propositions on Which Bankers Do Not Think Alike. No other evidence of the general pros- perity of the country is more substan- tial than the present condition of the banking interests, which show in all points a very healthy progress and growth. Deposits are larger and loans correspondingly so. Money is ruling at cheap rates, but is abundantly used in every department of commerce and trade. The volume of business in trade immediately swells the current business of the banks. Credits are good, most merchants and manufacturers are making fair profits in trade, which means expansion all around. It may tend to overproduction and then will come reaction. Banks reflect these con- ditions promptly. No better evidence in Michigan is needed to show the pres- ent prosperity than the bank reports of its two leading cities, Detroit and Grand Rapids. On September 18, 1900, Detroit and Grand Rapids banks showed the following conditions: Loans and Discounts Deposits Detroit........ $65,666,308.83 ........ $75.762,629.53 Grand Rapids. 14,537,900 ........ 15.031,309.16 And on September 30, 1901, the same bands showed as follows: Loans and Discounts Deposits Detroit........ $84,296,767.45 ........ $78,396,911.68 Grand Rapids. 16,323,9¥3.43 .... .... 16,771,357.38 The whole State would probably show as well proportionately. While these conditions prevail and business is apparently remunerative, it seems out of place for bankers to arouse themselves to advocate any changes. There is a feeling, however, that there are flaws in the banking system and in the currency system and this feeling has prompted able men—experienced and intelligent in monetary affairs—to demand certain changes. They call for an abolishment of the sub-treasury sys- tem, for the withdrawal of the provision requiring Government bonds to be placed behind the circulatory notes is- sued by the National banks and, instead of this, that permission be given to banks to issue notes upon their own as- sets under certain restrictions. They claim for this system that it will make the currency movement much more flex- ible. Some advocate the establishment of a single central bank to act as the Government bank, and others the for- mation of large central banks with wide- ly distributed branches. Able thinkers favor one or another combination of these ideas and all unite in asserting that this time of National prosperity is the best time to bring out the proper legislation, because the evils of the present system are least manifest and injurious and can, therefore, be best provided for. The discussion bids fair to arouse the interest of the wisest financial economists and to renew the agitation which was so vigorous at the tinte of the free silver discussion. At the recent meetings of the American Bankers’ Association, at Milwaukee, an apparently concerted effort was made by Messrs. Gage, Eckels and Stickney to emphasize these questions, and a common opinion often expressed is that these speeches contained the nucleus of the Administration’s position at the present time. Bankers do not all think alike upon these propositions and the general public have not given the mat- ter much attention. The coming agitation will be of great service as an education to bankers, as well as the public, for it is undoubtedly a fact that the majority of bankers are not experts upon large financial opera- tions or economic’ law. It is to be hoped that the outcome of the agitation will result in better legislation. That bankers are taking a practical interest in bettering their condition through the training of employes to a better concep- tion of the theory and practice of bank- ing is proved by the success of the past year’s experience with the American Institute of Bank Clerks. This organi- zation, which started only a little over a year ago, has already interested large numbers of bank employes in the active study of the principles and practice of the profession. The training includes correspondence and lecture courses and is being directed. by authorities of un- doubted ability. The American Bank- ers’ Association is giving each year a handsome appropriation toward the carrying out of this work. The en- thusiasm among employes is marked. This means more intelligent service for the banks and better banking conditions How Two Country Merchants Protected Themselves From Loss. During the sojourn of the delegates to the convention of the Michigan Bank- ers’ Association in this city last summer many interesting stories were related. One group of financiers fell to discuss- ing the prosy subject of debit and credit, but with the stories that were told to illustrate certain ideas the sub- ject lost much of its dulness. ‘‘A friend of mine once ran across a queer system of keeping books in a lit- tle Southern town,’’ said a banker. ‘‘He was a traveling salesman and his terri- tory included Tennessee. Naturally he grew pretty well acquainted with his customers, who were for the most part keepers of general stores. Happening in such an establishment one day he found the proprietor in the rear of the room poring intently over what seemed to be his ledger. My friend noticed that the old gentleman would mutter for the customers. The banker ‘is, there- fore, working toward a higher ideal and turns from the idea of shaving a note to the higher calling of acting as trustee and custodian of the wealth of the common people. This he strives to do in an intelligent and far-seeing way. Banking is, therefore, a profession and is worthy of the best intellect that man can muster. Only as a banker realizes this can he fulfill his true duty to his community. These conditions will help Michigan banks, in common _ with others. Deposits will be more safely handled and commercial interests will receive more intelligent assistance ac- cording to their needs. Clay H. Hollister. 2-2 Familiar Dlustration. ‘*Now, Johnny,’’ said the Sunday school teacher, ‘‘you may tell us what a prophet is.’’ : ‘Why,’’ replied Johnny, ‘‘it’sa_fel- low that’s always lookin’ for a chance to say ‘I told you so,’ ’ savagely now and then and turning over a few leaves jot down a set of figures, After this process had been repeated several times my friend interrupted him with, ‘Mr. Hedges, what on earth are you doing there?’ “* “Well, I’ll tell you,’ replied the old man. ‘This here Bill Jones is a worth- less scamp and he has left town owing me $1.50. Sol jest put it on Brown’s account over here (turning the leaves). Then there’s Charley Colson that got into a scrap the other night and was killed. He owed me $2, so I puter over on Joe Smith's account. I tell you, brother, whatever goes on in this here old book has got to come out, by the Eternal.’ ° ‘‘That reminds me of a story of Strange methods of keeping accounts that I heard one time,’’ spoke up an- other financier. ‘‘This was ina little Western town. The proprietor of a store wanted to go on a visit out in the coun- try one day and when he got ready to start he told his clerk, a mere lad, to kind of keep an eye on things while he was absent. ‘You needn’t be particular about taking in money for what you sell,’ said the storekeeper. ‘Just re- member what you sold and who got it and I will put it on the books when I get home to-night.’ ‘Well, when the old fellow. arrived home that night he asked the boy how he had,‘ made out’ during the day. ‘O, pretty well,’ said the lad. ‘I sold a washboard and tub to Widow Harkness, a currycomb and brushto Old Man Johnson, a tin bucket to Mrs. Leeds, a broom anda package of needles to Mrs. Branscomb, and—say, I sold some feller a horse collar, but blamed if 1 can ‘re- member who I sold it to.’ ‘* ‘Never mind about that,’ said the proprietor, ‘It'll be all right. 1°ll just charge all of my book customers with a horse collar.’ And he did put down a horse collar on every account he had in his ledger. The funny part of it was that all of them paid except one man, and the storekeeper brought suit against him. Banking would be a soft snap if we could keep books like that.’’ —____._2 2. Lipton to Open Coffee Plants in America. A new and very important factor is to be imported into the coffee market of the United States within the next few months, in the shape of the entrance of Sir Thomas Lipton into the American field. Sir Thomas maintains several hundred retail grocery stores in Eng- land, has a meat packing house in Chi- cago, tea plantations in Ceylon, and coffee plantations in various coffee- growing countries. His tea has been long sold in the United States in pack- ages, but before this no attempt has been made to sell coffee here. The coffee plan comprehends the es- tablishment of branches in all the large American cities and of coffee roasting plants in many of them. The Lipton people make great claims as to their facilities for selling coffee in competition with American import- ers. Green coffee will be shipped di- tect from their plantations to their American plants, and they claim that this fact will enable them on many va- rieties of coffee to undersell the Ameri- can importer by as much as 2 cents per pound. The firm will sell coffee both in pack- ages and in bulk. i ———>_02>__ The Pop Corn Crop. Charleston, Ill, Nov. 2—A. L. Schaeffer, of Edgar county, this State, has just harvested the largest crop of pop corn ever known inthe world. From his 102 acres he has secured 1,800 bush- els, slightly over seventeen bushels to the acre. It cost him about $17 an acre to raise, sort and shell it, and this also includes the rental of the ground. Owing to the heavy rains in the spring and the severe drought which followed, there is less than one-third of a crop the country over. for 6 cents a pound, but because of the shortage in the crop Mr. Schaeffer ex- pects the price to go to 10 cents by next spring. There isa marked scar- city of the product in Missouri, Kansas, lowa and Nebraska, where the major portion of the crop usually comes from. Rice corn thrives the best in this clim- ate, and it is the variety that is raised by Mr. Schaeffer. : —__>4.—_ Hard on the Farmers. Biggs—I understand the scarcity of rye is due to the fact that last year’s visible supply was converted whisky. Diggs—Well, that’s fortunate for city folks who spend their summer in the country. Biggs—How so? Diggs—The farmers will be obliged to substitute genuine coffee, Pop corn now sells ° into : MICHIGAN TRADESMAN |. 3 RRO Pry Ee YEe Yee YEN LEK PEK Ase Seo 20.208 yd A Dy 02°00 yd WHR Or ee A well equipped, liberally managed, First Class Hotel. Grand Rapids, Mich. QLPASIQSIQSIQLIAS QIQY, SIN ° SONQSNQo SNQo ° CHACHQACHQASINQASGNQoyQay 9, OwGoONG’o) ‘a oO ‘oO ‘oO ‘oO ‘2 ‘ C) C) o ° CS) ©) o C) C) ©) ‘2 C) ‘oO oO ‘a Morton House The Leading Hotel NAAN GOnGon! PLN o ° 5 0059 Q 9° oe ° ° ° ° ° ° 69 5(aDS(N5Ea9 565 a ‘} a ° ° ‘2 ° 60)5(C0) oS OQ, QO OTe) 9 J ° 2 9° ° aDS5YS592C9 eE¢s oO a ‘O ° a °o °° ° °° SLO a a oO °. 9) 509) 9, ° 9° ° 9, OSsaVs~eo o o ODS eo of Grand Rapids, Michigan J. Boyd Pantlind, Proprietor S95 oO °o 69) A 'O' ° RAOIACHATHNASCHNASCHNAQCHACHNA S So 2 go 9, g 2g So Oo Oo So oO 9, 9. 9, go 9, 2g g So, 2 Oo, ° 9, 9, So, LOGOS OOH SOOH HOLL OOOOH OO OO C) BiGoSGONGOsuGcoOsg¢o BUGONGONIGONGS OoGEVGactGOuGOsGcosga BsGovGs Ow Boge The Occidental - Leading Hotel in Muskegon 400 Capacity Muskegon, Michigan W.H. Barney, Proprietor Showing the Benefits the Merchant Receives by Using the KIRKWOOD SHORT CREDIT SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS It prevents forgotten charges. It makes disputed accounts impossible. It assists in making collections. It saves labor in bookkeeping. It Systematizes credits. It establishes confidence between you and your customer. One writing does it*all. For Full Particulars write or call on A. H. Morrill, Agt., 105 Ottawa St., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Manufactured by CROSBY-WIRTH PRINTING CO., St. Paul, Minn. DHLPLDEDESBLILWLGLDEWEADLE® : ® @ @ ° Hotel Warwick $§ @ @ e : : e @ Grand Rapids, Mich. @ @ e @ - e @ e C) @ e e C) @ ® $ @ e @ @ @ e @ @ C ) e e@ @ e e @ @ C) e e @ C) e e 147 Fine Outside Rooms © e@ e a Special attention given to Commercial Trade. = ® Rates: $2 per day. Room with bath, $2.50. e ® A. B. Gardner, Manager a @ e ©QLALODLSLOLOLOLOLOLOLOLOLe® ene RE ALT a 8 - 4 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ea Around the State Movements of Merchants. Ovid—P. W. Holland has embarked in the grocery business. Hudson—John Yeagley succeeds John Roney in the bakery business. Ithaca—A. H. Brady has purchased the meat market of Geo. Winchet. Carleton—C. M. Reeves has purchased the grocery stock of Wm. H. Maurer. Indian River—J. E. Vermilya & Son, meat dealers, have removed to Onaway. Palmyra-—S. B. Doty has purchased the grocery stock of J. D. Templeton. Corunna—Wm. and Perry Duffey have opened a shoe store in the Bacon block. Niles—I. Wittstein has opened a gen- eral merchandise store in the Chapin building. Ishpeming—The grocery stock of L. A. Proulx has been attached by his creditors. North Adams—A. C. Ranney has re- moved his grocery stock from Hanover to this place. Ironwood—G. P. Lee succeeds John Forslund in the bakery and confection- ery business. Constantine—P. A. (Mrs. A. T.) Smith has removed her bazaar stock to Tiffin, Ohio. Saginaw—Williams, Paxson & Co. succeed Herman Dittmar, Agent, in the jewelry business. Caro—F. E. Kelsey & Co. succeed M. H. Vaughan & Co. in the grain and produce business. Munising—The Munising State Bank has increased its capitalization from $15,000 to $80,000, Battle Creek (near)—The Merchant Milling Co. succeeds Perry E. Wolfe in the gristmill business. Livingston—W. S. Lusk, general merchandise dealer, has disposed of his stock to Alpheus Smith. Hudson—The Marvin Shoe Co, has opened a shoe store here as a branch of its Adrian establishment. Vistorsville—J. W. Clark has pur- chased the general merchandise stock of Wm. E. Herschberger. Frankfort—J. B. Collins, who had been engaged in the drug business here for thirty years, died recently. Richville—J. L. Ortner continues the elevator and implement business of Ortner & Meyer in his own name. Richland—Gilkey & Powers is the style of the new firm which succeeds Patrick H. Gilkey in general trade. lonia—James O'Conner has discon- tinued the clothing business at this place and shipped his stock to Lansing. Howard City—Samuel Drew, of Howell, has removed to this place for the purpose of engaging in the grocery business. ; Belding—Geo. W. DeWitt, who re- cently sold his furniture stock to C. L. Staley & Co., has purchased a similar stock at Vassar. Detroit—W. H. Burke & Co. have purchased the stock of drugs and physi- cians’ supplies of the Seeley Pharma- ceutical Co, Ludington—The Stearns Mercantile Co. has merged its business into a cor- poration under the same style, Its cap- ital stock is $30,000. Holland—Van Ark & Notier have en- gaged in the clothing and shoe busi- ness in the new block recently erected by Herman Van Ark. Cass Cit;—McArthur & Turner con- tinue the dry goods, carpet and shoe ~-business formerly conducted by James S. McArthur ‘in his-own name. Hillsdale—Stanton & Bates, clothing dealers and merchant tailors, have dis- solved partnership. ‘The business will be continued by James W. Bates. Saranac—Luke Otis has leased the store building formerly occupied by T. G. Mercer and will engage in the farm implement and builders’ supply busi- ness. Ionia—C. H. Mandeville has ex- changed his store building at Saranac for the stock in the Ionia Novelty Bazaar Store and will continue the business at the same location. Chadwick—Asa E. Dorr, grocer at th3s place, was married recently to Miss Daisy Fuller, of Pierson. The Trades- man joins the friends of both in ex- tending congratulations. Lake Odessa—MclIntyre & Scheidt have engaged in the meat business. They have secured the services of John Mohrhardt, of Grand Rapids, who is an experienced meat cutter. Negaunee—Hajjar Bros., who con- duct a confectionery store at Ishpeming, will shortly remove to this place and engage in the manufacture of confec- tionery and sweet goods of all kinds. Eaton Rapids—W. Vaughan & Son purchased more beans up to October 1, 1901, than they bought up to November 1 last year. The yield was all the way from 12 to 48 bushels per acre this season. St. James—Neil Gallagher, known throughout Michigan as the one-time leading fisherman and business man of Beaver Island, has removed to Esca- naba, where he expects to reside in the future. Howell—Marston & Monroe, grocers, have dissolved partnership, Mr. Mars- ton continuing business at the old stand, while Mr. Monroe has removed his portion of the stock into the Prin- dle building. Pontiac—David Moreland has_ re- signed his position as commercial teller in the Pontiac Savings Bank and _ pur- chased an interest in the Hodges Vehicle Co. and will devote his entire attention to that business. Hartford—S. P. High’s stock of dry goods has been taken into custody by his creditors, A. M. Myers being Chosen as custodian. An effort will be made to sell the stock in bulk to some one who will continue the business. Muskegon—The American Tailoring Co. has opened a merchant tailoring es- tablishment in the Lawrence block. The company bas now fifty-two similar stores located in various cities and towns throughout the country, its headquarters being at Cleveland, Ohic. Pontiac—Thos. J. Reynolds and Philip Moore, now connected with the firm ‘of Reynolds Bros., will establish a business of their own under the firm name of Reynolds & Moore about Jan. 1. They will locate in the ~- Jackson block and will deal in wall paper, paints and oils. Manistee—F. J. Zielinski has leased the store building now occupied by the dry goods stock of P. N. Cardozo and will open up with a full line of dry goods about Feb, 1. Mr. Zielinski has been. in the employ of Mr. Cardozo for a number of years and thoroughly un- derstands the business. Detroit—Fred T. Crawford, the com- mission man, was arrested one day last week. He did not appear for trial on a charge of embezzlement in the Record- er's Court recently, and his bail bond was declared forfeited. His old bonds- men, James D. Burns and Frank Smith, again went on his bond and he was re- leased. : Plainwell—James N. Hill has pur- chased the grocery stock of C. B. Grang- er and will carry on the business at the present location. Mr. Granger and his father, O. B. Granger, will engage in the hardware business at Albion and expect to remove there about December 1 and take possession of their new store January 1. Jackson—Heyser, Walker & Co. have sold their lumber business to Edward E. Hartwick and Thomas Woodfield, who will continue the business under the firm name of Hartwick & Wood- field. Mr. Hartwick has for some years been a member of the lumber firm of Hartwick & Nicholson, of Mason, and Mr. Woodfield has been connected with the Jamieson Lumber Co., of St. Ignace. Muskegon—As an evidence of the steady growth and prosperity of this city it may be stated that the eight or ten store buildings on the south side of Western avenue, between Pine and Third streets, which have been vacant for the past five years, are now all oc- cupied. This process has gone on slowly until now there is not a single vacant place of business on the ground floor on the south side of the four blocks from the Occidental Hotel to the Wier- engo Hotel. Manufacturing Matters. Holland—The new flouring mill of W. H. Beach & Co. is completed and the machinery has been installed. Opera- tions will begin this week. Milford—A. H. Smith, who has heen conducting the Wixom cheese factory, has purchased the plant at this place, and will conduct it in the future. Marshall—E. M. Evarts has taken the contract to erect and equip a $4,500 but- ter factory at this place. There are forty- eight stockholders in the company. Flint—The Michigan Paint Co. is planning to enlarge its plant and build one of the finest paint factories in the State. Irving Bates, the owner, is now securing options on a site. Lyons—The Ash & Harper Co, has re- moved its gas engine factory from Lan- sing to this place and incorporated its business under the style of the Ash- Harper Co. Its capital stock is $11,000. Detroit—D. D. Buick and Thomas D. Buick, retiring from the Buick & Sher- wood Manufacturing Co., will, it is said, organize a new sanitary plumbing manufacturing concern. The old com- pany is now in the trust. Baroda—The Squire Dingee Co. is making a canvass of the farmers in this vicinity, with a view to securing suffi- cient acreage to warrant it in establisb- ing a branch pickling station at this place. One-half of the requisite acre- age has already been subscribed. Owosso—A beet sugar factory will probably be in operation in Owosso by the fall of 1902, A committee of busi- ness men have examined the factories in Lansing and Alma and are raising $100,000 of stock. The other $400,000 necessary will be furnished by a Chi- cago firm. Saginaw—Geo. S. Benjamin, of this city, and Charles Dobbins, of Bedford, Ind., have organized a company to en- gage in the manufacture of high grade racing wagons, the lowest priced vehicles made ranging from $300 to $400, Work on the building has already been com- menced, which will be 5ox1oo feet in dimensions and two stories high. Jackson—Owing to the difficulty of securing sufficient experienced help in Detroit, the American Lady Corset Co. has established a branch factory here. A building s5ox1oo feet has been se- cured, and over fifty people are already at work, and this number will be in- creased to 200 as soon as the necessary machinery can be installed. The Jack- son factory is under the supervision of expert employes from the Detroit fac- tory and will be used largely in manu- facturing the best selling brands made by the firm, which it has been impos- sible to turn out fast enough from the Detroit factory to keep pace with the demand. —_—___~+> 2<._____ Entirely Satisfactory. H. Leonard & Sons, Importers and Jobbers of House Furnishing Goods, Crockery, Glassware, Fancy Goods, Notions, etc. Fulton and Commerce Sts. Grand Rapids, Mich., Oct. 17, 1901. Commercial Credit Co., Grand Rapids. Gentlemen—Yours, with check for $152.33 for proceeds of certain collec- tions, at hand and, in reply to your let- ter, would say that your system of col- lections is entirely satisfactory to us, and to our customers. Very truly, H, Leonard & Sons. For Gillies’ N. Y. tea,all kinds, grades and prices, call Visner, both phones. Buy the Most Perfect Talking Machine Made “*HIS MASTER'S VOICE’ Buy it of us. Prices $12 to $25. Until Dec. 1 we offer extra inducements, besides prepaying ex- pressage. Write for par- ticulars. POST MUSIC CO., Lansing, Mich. POTATOES WANTED Will pay cash; write or see us before selling. M,. ©. BAKER & CO,, Toledo, Ohio WROUGHT We have a large stock of % to 8 inch Black, ¥% to 2 inch Galvanized Plugged and Reamed Pipe, and Malleable and Cast Iron Fittings, Valves, etc. PMill and Well Sugpitn GRAND RAPIDS SUPPLY “20 Pearl Street, Grand Rapids, oe eo IRON PIPE 3 inch Galvanized, including S promptly. S. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Grand Rapids Gossip Grand Rapids Retail Grocers’ Association. At the regular meeting of the Grand Rapids Retail Grocers’ Association, held Tuesday evening, Nov. 5, President Fuller presided. The meeting was made unusual by the presence of. representatives of the wholesale trade and others who were in- vited to join with the members in cele- brating the fifteenth anniversary of the organization. President Fuller welcomed those pres- ent and then made the following ad- dress : There is atwofold object in this gath- ering here to-night. One is that you may get better acquainted with one an- other, thereby being of more assistance to one another in bringing our business up to a standard with others and to par- take of an evening amusement and of other things in store for you. The other is to impress on your minds the _neces- sity of giving a little of your time to attending the meetings of the Associa- tion. We have with us to-night gentle- men who will give us short talks along various lines and wili not bore you with great long speeches, but those short sweet ones that do us all good, and we shall endeavor in the future to have some one here as often as possible to give us short talks on different subjects. A great deal of work has been done by a few and our Association is known the State over as one of the best in exist- ence, and if we were to invite some of the associations from other cities here to attend our regular meeting there are many times we would be ashamed to have them accept the invitation when we do not have a quorum in attendance. The faithful few can not do the work forever, but are willing to do all they can if the others will only turn out and lend a helping hand. Remember, I am not finding fault with any one, but it is discouraging to come, night after night, year in and out, and only have a few here to do the business when the hall should be filled, so we would have to bring in extra chairs to accommodate the crowd. Other associations stronger than ours have gone down just because the members failed to attend the meet- ings, while still smaller ones have done a world of good because they get out and hustle. I have asked some grocers why they do not get out and attend the meet- ing and their answer is, ‘‘All you talk is sugar.’’ Now, how they could know that to be a fact is more than | can com- prehend, as I know some of them have never been in these rooms. We whoat- tend know that many other things are talked about and the sugar question is left with our Trade Committee almost entirely, as we have implicit confidence in them. Now, gentlemen, I did not, nor do I, wish to have any one of you think I have planned a lecture, but I do wish to impress on each and everyone of your minds that it is necessary for the good of all to get out to the meet- ings and attend them more regularly. They are the first and third Tuesdays of each month. Ex-President Dyk reviewed past con- ditions, referring briefly to the reforms which had been accomplished by the Association in the past and endorsed the appeal made by President Fuller for a more general attendance. Wm. Judson spoke at some length, commending meetings of that character on the ground that they encouraged good fellowship and comradeship and that friendship was better than enmity in trade. He believed that if all the members of the Association were to take hold systematically and pull together they could increase the membership. He believed that every wholesale grocer felt like helping the movement, because it tended to make better grocers and better customers, and that by pulling together the grocers are better able to bring about a profitable condition. In his opinion, every retail grocer can become a better grocer by attending the meetings of his brethren and exchanging opinions. C. G. A. Voigt spoke at some length, referring to the time when he was a clerk in a grocery store fifty years ago and encouraged the members to renewed effort in behalf of the organization. He wisely refrained from discussing ‘‘wind’’ and ‘‘flour,’’ with both of which subjects he is thoroughly famil- iar. His remarks were made with the peculiar emphasis which renders his speeches so enjoyable to his auditors and a source of so much pleasure to himself. J. George Lehman was pleasantly reminiscent in his remarks and the com- parisons he drew between the condi- tions which obtained years ago and the present proved conclusively the many advantages accruing from the existence of the organization. Rev. George E. Rowe, Secretary both of the Grand River Valley Horti- cultural Association and of the Kent County Farmers’ Institute, narrated tales of travel in an entertaining fash- ion and pointed the lessons to be learned and applied from them. The talks were interspersed with musical features by Misses Dora Jobn- son, Larabee, Bessie Merrill, Mabel Connelly, all of which were well re- ceived. Homer Klap sang a solo and was obliged to respond to an encore. A grocers’ quartette, composed of John Wagner, John Havikborst, Joseph Dean and John Witters, made the musical hit of the evening and received much ap- plause. At the conclusion of the literary and musical programme, light refreshments were served, thus bringing to a close an evening of rare enjoyment. —_+_-__~» 2 > Prevented Making Bad Accounts. Western Beef and Provision Co., Wholesale Meats and Provisions, 71 Canal Street. Grand Rapids, Mich., Oct. 18, 1901. Commercial Credit Co., Ltd., City: Gentlemen—We have been subscrib- ers to your agency for the past six years. Liberal use of your reports giv- ing us the experience of other dealers with our customers has prevented us from making worthless accounts and you have collected the others for us. We should advise every grocer and butcher to take out a membership with you, with confidence that if they follow your advice they will save $10 for every $1 the contract costs them. Your weekly report sheets are of great value in ad- vising us of record items filed against any of our customers and, if carefully watched as they are delivered to us each week, are alone worth the price of your membership. Western Beef & Provision Co. ——___> +.—__—_ Many of the great rivers of the world show signs of drying up. The reports from Sweden and Norway, from Ger- many and Austria-Hungary, indicate a process of shrinkage. Our neighbors in Canada are alarmed because the Ottawa River, along which there are extensive lumber interests, is so low that logs can not be floated upon it. In many parts of the United States what were once wide streams are now mere ribbons. Even in Grand Rapids water is neither so plenty nor so pure as it used to be. 2 The Dutch municipality of Leyden protects its streets from the disfigura- tions of offensive posters and quack nostrums and obtains a_ considerable revenue by controlling the public adver- tising. At the principal corners the city has erected boards of neat and at- tractive design, to which all advertise- ments are restricted. The advertising is thus kept within bounds and the city is able to suppress undesirable posters or announcements. 9 F. J. Dettenthaler is having an enor- mous trade on his Perfection and Anchor brands of oysters, which have come to be regarded as the leading brands sold in this State. Mr. Detten- thaler maintains the uniform quality of these brands at all times and they can be depended upon to give satisfaction. Prices are always made as low as_pos- sible, consistent with quality. The Grocery Market. Sugar—The raw sugar market is quiet, with but very little doing, 96 deg. test centrifugals being still quoted at 3 13-16c, with but few sales at this price. The large arrivals to come forward to refiners and the continued light demand for refined sugar are the chief depress- ing factors of the market for raws. A quiet market is looked for during the next three weeks, but at the expiration of that time receipts of raw sugars will practically cease and a more active de- mand is expected. The world’s visible supply of raw sugar is 740,000 tons. The refined sugar market is quiet and the demand seems to have stopped very suddenly. There was a decline of 10 points on softs, Nos. I to 5, inclusive, and 15 points on Nos. 6 to 16, inclusive, some of which grades the refiners have large stocks on hand. The trade did not take hold very freely at the decline and the market, as a whole, was very quiet. Canned Goods—The canned goods market has been rather quiet during the past few days on all the different lines, although the interest manifested in the market has not lessened. If it were not for the fact that stocks are so light there would probably be a lower range of values during the winter, but so firmly has the market been established and so filled with confidence are the holders of all lines of canned goods that it is not reasonable to anticipate any shrinkage in values until the new packing season of 1g02 is well under way. On the other hand,there is nothing to warrant the be- lief that there will be an advance in the values of canned goods for a while, ex- cepting it may be intomatoes. The buyers of tomatoes are awaiting the de- velopments from day to day very close- ly, but are not inclined to buy at to- day’s quotations except just as they are needed. The market at present is very, very firm, with quite a scarcity of gal- lons. Some good sized sales of corn have been made during the past week, but the corn market is generally quiet. The situation of the pea market war- rants immediate action on the part of those buyers who must have the better grades of peas. The stocks of peas in first hands are much smaller than most of the trade have any idea of. This shortage is not only on the better grades, but the cheaper grades are also in light supply. The demand for peaches of all grades is excellent and business in this line shows considerable improvement this week. Pumpkin is scarce and held at high prices. The demand, however, is not quite so brisk as it was a week or so ago, as buyers seem to have supplied their wants for the present. There has been an excel- lent demand during the past week for gallon fruits, especially peaches, apples and plums, and some packers have closed out their entire holdings of these goods, while others have advanced their prices. Both salmon and sardines are very quiet with very little demand for either. Dried Fruits—The dried fruit market is in better shape this week, largely on account of the cold weather, which has increased the demand considerably. The tendency of the trade during September [to hold back and buy only from hand to mouth is not now in evidence and in- dications are for a heavy business and consumption in this line during the next few months. Prunes are firm on the spot and supplies are rather light, new goods going out about as rapidly as re- ceived. It is very difficult to keepa full assortment of the different sizes of prunes as some sizes are in much greater demand than others and stocks of these sizes are quickly sold out. Loose muscatel raisins are meeting with a fair demand at previous prices. The greater call, however, is for seeded rais- ins which are selling remarkably well and the trade on these goods is increas- ing all the time, which in some measure lessens the demand from dealers and consumers as well for the loose mus- catels. There is a much better demand for apricots and peaches are also doing better, Currants are in excellent de- mand and are meeting with a ready sale at full prices. The statistical position is strong and there is no indication of any lower prices in the immediate fu- ture. Figs and dates are both in good demand. There is some complaint about the quality of the Hallowi, but the Khadrawi dates are generally conceded to be especially fine. The demand for evaporated apples continues very good at full prices, although Michigan stock is exceedingly light. The majority of the dryers are closed now and there is but very little stock in first hands and that is held at high prices. Rice—The rice market is very firm and some of the best grades show an advance of %c per pound. Arrivals of new crop domestic are coming in more freely and dealers are now in position to offer a complete line of all grades. No lower prices are expected and if there is any change, fine grades of do- mestic will likely go higher. The out- look is for a firm market for some time to come. There is a resumption of pur- chases for shipment to Puerto Rico and it is expected that Puerto Rico will take 25 to 35 per cent. of the rice crop. This will eventually cause a hardening of prices for all grades of rice. Tea—The position of the tea market underwent no change in particular and prices remained firm for green teas, while black sorts held steady. Stocks of green teas are light and holders are not anxious sellers. Dealers, as a rule, report a very good business. Reports from abroad state that the tea crop from India will be very short, while it is al- most equally certain that a considerable diminution will take place in the pro- duction of Ceylon teas. Molasses and Syrups—There was a steady demand for molasses and dealers report a fair business at previous prices. The trade in general, however, is hold- ing aloof and not buying in very large quantities, pending the enlarged move- ment of the new crop. Arrivals of new crop are small, but much larger quanti- ties are expected within the next two weeks. The crop, according to latest reports, will equal that of last year. The corn syrup market is very firm and indi- cations are that there will be an ad- vance very shortly. Fish—The mackerel market is very firm, with the tendency toward higher prices. There are only a few vessels out now and they are taking but very few fish. The catch this year is some 17,000 barrels short of tbat of last year. Nuts--The demand for nuts is fair and is gradually increasing. Grenoble walnuts are in very good demand, but supplies are very much reduced and it is probable they will be entirely cleared up before the arrival of the new crop, which is expected to reach here about the middle of November. Chili walnuts are in large supply and are a trifle easier in consequence. Brazil nuts are 3c higher and meeting with a very good demand. Sicily filberts are 4c lower, on account of the large stocks in hands of dealers. Almonds are firm with a higher tendency. Peanuts are selling very well at previous prices. EO MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Getting the People . “Keeping Everlastingly at It” the Price of Success. A certain advertising agency of Na- tional reputation has made this phrase a familiar one to all who have given attention to advertising matters during the past few years. Their use of it has been so persistent that they may be able to claim a sort of proprietorship, but it has a general application which I think will justify its use as a topic for one phase of the advertising problem. There is no branch of the merchant’s work where the temptation to slight is greater than in advertising. Too often the execution of the contract for space seems to exhaust the energy of both the advertiser and the publisher. The lat- ter is more anxious to secure the busi- ness than to see that the execution is carried out in a manner to make it of the greatest possible value. The mer- chant fails to appreciate the fact that the beginning of the advertisement’s work means the beginning of a system- atic co-operation on his part to make it profitable. The most common failure is the neg- lect to furnish the best matter for the advertisements. Usually when the ques- tion of copy comes to be considered, there is brought forward everything that can be said about the business—the more the easier to fill the space. Then when the space is thoroughly filled the subject is allowed to drop for a few weeks or months until the advertisement becomes unseasonable or some other disturbing element appears to call attention to the matter. Then the same routine is re- peated until the advertising is declared a failure or until the expiration of the contract. The details of advertising can never be neglected with impunity. The mat- ters to be treated from week to week must be carefully selected, using only that which is most likely to interest. Do not be afraid of saying too little; but that little should have most careful thought. The merchant never thinks of letting other branches of his business run themselves. He sees to it that every duty is thoroughly done at the proper time. The rule must be extended to the advertising department. In this the same system and constancy of effort will bring results, + * + There must be something attractive in the idea of getting two dollars for one or A. L. Stein would not use it. There are dealers who think valuable trade can be built up by the advertising of good goods at fair values. The border is too black for the space and the printer has crowded it too closely with his mat- ter. Solon R. Hunt writes a_well-propor- tioned hardware advertisement and the printer has treated it simply and well, except that he introduces the Bradley type in his paint line. This should have been divided and the same letter used as the other display. The signature should also have been in Devinne. Redner's Grocery writes an excep- tionally interesting advertisement of molasses, which he distinguishes by an imitation pencil line. The idea and execution are effective. I would have put leads in the fine type and taken a little of the space above and below. Horr Bros, write a good sportsman’s goods announcement, but the space is a rr en ] AYP s it me 7 y (f ¥. (fa ) \ DA DCG ») \( »)) (| s NOW IS THE TIME FOR YOU = TO SAVE MONEY. ....- toe, patterns aud of the vest fitting garments. This means you get-two dollars worth for.one, We have just received a full line of suits and overcoats, all-of the lates, As we have bought thew}lin job rate, we will sell them at one-half the price you have to pay elsewhere, 4) a) J A 36 Jefferson Ave. South., A AG (f WAGONS HUIS ASA NSA) a ph Our Hardware Values Are Unexcelled. A complete line of Shelf Hardware in iron and steel goods. Our prices will not frighten you. We.make @ specialty of BUILDERS HARDWARE. The way to make that old house new is to paint-it © over again Our Peninsular Paints Give Best Result. SOLON: R. HUNT. that {tis — to get good molassesis not heard here. Our stock -of — 9 hi enough. always fresh and always sele>ted with exper- ienced judgement, so that we can guarantees to please all tastes and purses, “Molasses is @ peculiar-thing. It is subject to many adulterations. It is often full of impurities. We have the genuine Haw @eleams Molasses. Every drop is pure, sweet and good. Pou need not fear to send for it and the children delight in it. If it is notsatistactory. don't hi esitate tosend it back. We run little risk In saying this. ase we know you will like it. Price, Did You Ask? Is 60c per Gallon. Redner’s Grocery. Beth Phones 173 A. L. STEIN Battle Creek, Mich. FETCH ON YOUR; eans ' _ JLRAY GASH FOR ALL GRADES _ CaSH FOR “WHEAT, RYE, OATS and HAY. “FOR SALE! Buckeye Goal. Equal to Jackyon Hill. I make a special price of " $3.75 per ton at yard FULL LINE OF LIME, BRICK, CEMENT, etc. | EA. REMER. | [ht ? Join Now. We have a nice little steck of PHTER'S REFEREE (semi-smokeless) and LEAGUE (Black Powder) LOADED SHELLS, and shot and powder in the bulk. Our prices are always the Jowest. Can save you money on quantity purchases.. If we haven't the size or load you want we can get it for you and save you money. PETER'S LOADED SHELLS zre the Best. Give us your order for anything inthe line of Am- munition. If not in stock we can get it for you, Horr BROTHERS &em.CASH GROCERS AMMUNITION | 4 q d , ._ yin the procession that marches regularly to Clark’s Grocery for supplies. NO SHORT WEIGHTS, No Trashy Stuff, but good whole- some groceries at the lowest possible prices. We want your produce of all kinds and will give the highest market price to get it. This week we pay ; ' 4 > 17 to 18 for Eggs. 16 to 17 for Butter. ‘ C. W. Clarke & 4 Company: } } OLD TOUGH TURKEYS =: = cessfully served without the aid of an Axe or Hand Saw if you are provided with CARVER from our stock. We have the kind’ that are not only a pleasure to work with but a delight to gaze upon. If you insist upon using your old ones we have Emery Knife Sharpen- ers and Steels for improving their condition. We also have Axes and Hand Saws that will do excellent service in places they‘are made for but we do not rec- ommend for table use. The Edwards & Chamberlin ~--—-== Hardware Co, === Knows a Good Thing when she sees it, and wny NOU? There isn’t a better judge of flour on earth than a practical housewife. The Cream of Wheat Flour is used everywhere and higlily praised. Merit ccmmands recognition. Con- sumers of this flour are steadily grow- ingin number. All are pleased and none dissatisfied with tMe result of its use. Be sure to always ask for Cream of Wheat at 55c a sack. Wheelock Mills. little crowded. I would set the first line in one kind of type. The Edwards & Chamberlin Hard- ware Co. makes an effective reference to the efficiency of their carving knives in handling tough turkeys. Then at the close the turn on the proper use of axes and saws is not bad. The border is pretty heavy and the matter crowds it too closely. : E. A. Remer has two advertisements in one. I would make one of the prod- uce and another of the coal. Less styles of type would help the display, but the printing is not bad. The exclamation and many other marks of punctuation could well be omitted. C. W. Clarke & Company write a live advertisement which is well handled by the printer. This, also, has too many punctuation marks. The cut of a tramp, if that is what is intended, running away with a sack of flour will gain attention and may answer fora change. 1am not in favor, how- ever, of pictures having such hideous faces, as they are more apt to repel than otherwise. The advertisement is well written and the printer’s work is good. I would have been consistent in omit- ting the pauses in last two lines. ——__>_2>—_____ Advice as to Roasting a Turkey. From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. ‘‘Ninety-nine women out of every one hundred, ninety-nine cooks out of every one hundred, will bake a turkey with the back to the pan,’’ said a New Or- leans man who keeps in touch with the kitchen, ‘‘and this is a mistake. I said ninety-nine out of every one hun- dred. Rather should I have said that the mistake is almost universally made. But few cooks ever think of cooking the turkey any other way. There seems to be a demand for well-browned turkey breast. But in browning the breast they sacrifice the sweetness of this part of the fowl. The best way to prepare a turkey is to bake it with the breast down. I learned this lesson from Mme, Begue, whose place down in the Old Quarter, near the French Market, has become famed all over the country. She never thinks of baking a turkey with the breast up. The breast is turned to the bottom of the pan, and instead of being dry and tasteless when it is served is richly flavored and as sweet and juicy as one would care to have it. You see, all the fine flavoring of the turkey, the juice of the dressing and all the daintier touches flow down toward the breast of the fowl, and when the white meat is served you get the full benefit of every flavor added during the process of pre- paring and baking the turkey in addi- tion to the distinctive taste of the fowl itself, ‘‘Inconvenient and awkward? Not at all. It is just as easy to cook a turkey in this way as in any other way, and the result is infinitely more satisfactory. It is no trouble to arrange the fowl in the pan; if you desire to place the fowl on the table before carving it you will find that it will look quite as well as it would if baked in the usual way, and certainly will taste much better than it would if you baked the breast until it was dry and flavorless,’’ ———__»>t+-o_____ Kansas Flour For the East. From the Leavenworth Times. More flour is being sent East from Leavenworth this year than ever before. The enormous wheat crop of Kansas has made this possible. The East wants our flour and wheat for bread, and with the rest of the millers in the State those of Leavenworth are receiving the ben- efit of the heavy demands for the Kansas product. The railroads out of the city are shipping more flour and wheat than at any time for vears and it nearly all goes East. Merchandise j i shipped West in return, oe eo —_—__. When" |a man is beside himself, he should never place much confidence in his companion. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 7 The New York Market Special Features of the Grocery and Prod- uce Trades. Special Correspondence. New York, Nov. 2—The week has been so given over to politics that we might infer that all business was sus- pended. But such is not the case and, if one may judge by the huge piles of merchandise on the walks in front of the leading stores, he will conclude that alJ hands must be hard at work and that there is no time for politics. It will be settled, however, before this letter is perused by the readers of the Trades- man, and then all hands will turn to the hardest campaign of all—the holiday trade, which gives excellent promise of exceeding all previous seasons. Long live Santa Claus! Coffee has lost its ‘‘pulling’’ pcwer. Last week the market was, as stated at that time, a strong one. There were plenty of dispatches tending to show that the crop was being destroyed, but this week a contrary condition exists, Re- ceipts at primary points are tremendous, ronning upwards of 100,000 bags per day. In store and afloat there are some 2,250,000 bags, against 1,129,000 bags at the same time last year. At the close Rio No. 7 is quotable at 63/c. All things considered, it may be asserted with confidence that the coffee market favors the buyer. Mild grades are quiet and unchanged. The tea market retains its lately- acquired strength and adds thereto steadily, although it can hardly be said that prices are any higher. Some 3,000 packages have been sent to London, mostly of rather iow grade Chinese Congous. The New York market at present is below that of London, and this has relieved the situation here or, rather, contributed to its further im- provement. Pingsueys and_ country greens have shown most improvement. At the last auction, 4,190 packages were disposed of at bids showing a very con- fident feeling. Indias and Ceylons are in fair request at well-held figures. Sugar has taken a tumble and the sit- uation is one that rather favors the buy- er. The cut made by Arbuckles has not as yet been met by the trust. The de- mand has been only moderate, although some few extra orders were entered im- mediately after the Arbuckle cut. The supply is ample and no delay is experi- enced in filling orders. Stocks of sugar in Europe and America aggregate 676, - 305 tons, against 313,874 tons at the same date last year—more than double the quantity. We are likely to have some cheap sugar and cheap coffee. Rice has moved with about the usual freedom. There is room for improve- ment, and yet matters might be much worse. Receipts are not large and there is little if any accumulation. Prime to choice domestic, 5% @53c. Spices are firm, but no notable ad- vances have been made in quotations. Cloves show the most strength, with Zanzibar at 8%{c and very firmly held at that. Cassia rolls, 46@soc; bags, 33 4c. The few lots of new molasses are of good quality and holders are very firm. Prime centrifugals, 22@30c; open ket- tle, 37@42c. The canned goods market continues to gain strength and almost every arti- cle is advancing, except salmon. New Jersey tomatoes, 3s, standards, have sold at $1.15 and $1.20 is even asked in some instances. The American Grocer has received several hundred replies from packers in answer to its request for information as to the tomato pack and, from these, the Grocer estimates that there wlll be a shortage in the four States of Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey and Indiana, as compared with 1900, of at least 1,250,000 cases. The New Jersey pack will be at least 50 per cent. short. One packer in Maryland says he put up goo cases from sixty acres, while he expected to pack 4,000. The output in Delaware is on an aver- age better than in any one of the four States, The week has been rather quiet on dried fruits and neither buyer nor seller has shown much interest. Prices are well sustained and the holiday trade will add strength to a still greater degree. Oranges have sold well and the arriv- als are pretty closely sold up. The last of the old crop of Californias has sold up to $6. Jamaicas, per barrel, $4.50@5. Floridas begin to show a better quality and are worth $2.50@3.25. Lemons are in moderate request. Sicily 360s, $2.10 @3.25; 3008, 3.25@4. 50. Bananas are steady and unchanged. Pineapples have been more active this week. Indian River fetch from $2.50@ 3.50, as to size. There has been practically no change in the butter market during the week. Best Western creamery still remains firm at 22!4c and the supply just about equals the demand. Seconds to firsts, 17344@2Ic; Western imitation creamery, from 1534@18c—the latter for fancy; factory, 14@I5c. The cheese market is quiet and un- changed. Full cream, 10%@t1ox%c for fancy small size colored. Desirable egg stock is in limited sup- ply and fancy Western fetch 23c; se- lected, candled, 18@22c; regular pack, 16@2X1c, >. __—_ To be sure, faint heart never won fair lady, but, on the other hand, discretion is seldom sued for breach of promise. EB Chas. A. Coye a Manufacturer and Jobber Tents, Awnings, Flags, Horse and Wagon Covers, Leather, Duck and Oiled Clothing, Waterproof Leggings for men and boys, Cotton Duck all widths and weights, Cotton, Hemp, Flax and Jute Twines, Sisal Lath Yarn and Hay Rope. oe Mn Write for prices 5 11 and 9 Pearl St. S K s eS) EK eS Grand Rapids, Mich. eC Odes sia eee Torpedo Gravel Roofing Coated with Best Asphalt and Fine Torpedo Gravel. Is more durable than metal or shingles. Write for sample and price. Manufactured by H. M. Reynolds & Son Grand Rapids, Michigan The Stamp of Approval ee ee | When good old reliable merchants buy our own make shoes year in and year out, buy them over and over again and keep right on buying them, that shows the Stamp of Approval. >» Herold-Bertsch Shoe Co. ¢ ) Makers of Shoes, ( Grand Rapids, Mich. tai caiit Cash Register Paper Ofallkinds. Quality best. Prices guaranteed. Send for price list. If in need of a Cash Register address Standard Cash Register Co., Wabash, Ind. % z ESTABLISHED 1865 2 S . > o J NM — oO Pal mee ee 6 o 5 ee i east Oa KS es 3 3 8 Egg Receiver | #° 792098 = & =. = td @ Q'S = eh © so oO = y = 5 & - . Z S oo n és = i — & = a 36 Harrison Street, New York © a oe < S ~~ & =REFERENCE-—NEW VORK NATIONAT. EXCHANGE RANK. NEW YORK = n F. LEADING PRODUCE HOUSE ON EASTERN MARKET J. SCHAFFER & CO. BUTTER, EGGS, POULTRY, CALVES, ETC. BUY AND SELL Well keep you posted. Just drop us a card. DETROIT, MICH. BRANCH AT IONIA, MICH. Sg $ & ‘ Z 4 ‘ : SERRATE DOR tne ein MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GANSPADESMAN Devoted to the Best Interests of Business Men Published at the New Blodgett Building, Grand Rapids, by the TRADESMAN COMPANY One Dollar a Year, Payable in Advance. Advertising Rates on Application. Communications invited from practical business men. Correspondents must give their full names and addresses, not necessarily for pub- lication, but as a guarantee of — aith. Subscribers may have the mai address of their papers c ged as often as desired. No paper discontinued, except at the option of the proprietor, until all arrearages are paid. Sample copies sent free to any address. Entered at the Grand Rapids Post Office as Second Class mail matter. When —- o any of our Advertisers, please say that — saw the advertise- ment in the Michigan Tradesman. E. A. STOWE, EpirTor. - WEDNESDAY, - - NOVEMBER 6, 1901 County of Kent John DeBoer, being du poses and says as follows: am pressman in the office of the Tradesman Company and have charge of the presses and folding machine in that establishment. I printed and folded 7,000 copies of the issue of October 30, 1901, and saw the edition mailed in the usual manner. And further deponent saith not. John DeBoer. Sworn and subscribed before me, a notary public in and for said county, this second day of November, 1901. Henry B. Fairchild, Notary Public in and for Kent County, Mich. STATE OF MICHIGAN y sworn, de- GENERAL TRADE REVIEW. There has been a good deal of com- plaint on the part of dealers in winter goods that the fine weather of the past month has greatly lessened retail distri- bution. This may be true to some de- gree, but the benefits resulting from weather favorable to industrial opera- tions compensate for any such lessen- ing of trade, even if it actually caused diminution. Asa matter of fact there is an eventual increase in winter goods trade on this account, for opportunity is given to secure and market agricultural products and to get ready for increased expenditure later on. Speculative trading at the stock cen- ters has been dull, partly on account of unfavorable foreign financial conditions and partly on account of the fall elec- tions. Wall Street especially has little time to give to business when so excit- ing a contest is on as that between Tammanyism and anti-Tammanyism in New York. The market showed a considerable buoyancy until the interest was so far overshadowed by the elec- tion. Now that this is out of the way, every indication would seem to point to more active business in the exchanges and a more decided movement upward. There seems to be no diminution any- where in the pressure of industrial ac- tivity. A significant indication is the prevalence of car famines in so many localities, showing that the pressure of distribution is too great for the facilities which have usually been ample even when increased by the greatest possible urging in the factories for cars and car materials, In the steel and iron trades there is no change from the condition of intense activity prevailing since the strikes. Price changes, when they have oc- curred, have been upward on account of the urgent demand, but, acting in har- mony with the policy of conservatism, these changes are kept as small as_pos- sible. Increasing demand in the textile products keeps both woolen and cotton mills fully employed. With wool and cotton both at more favorable prices for a profit on manufactures, the outlook is exceptionally good us long as present prices of products are maintained. The advance in boots and shoes oc- casioned by the constantly increasing prices of hides and leather will be apt to cause some lessening of shipments, but this will not hinder the trade very long. One of the conditions which the friends of the independent telephone companies has been unable to under- stand is why so many people have been willing to act as cat’s-paws for the Bell company by accepting free telephone service and subsequently permitting the telephones to remain in their houses at $12 a year when they knew that it cost the Michigan Telephone Co. about twice that sum to maintain the service. In the light of recent developments, these people are completely vindicated. They were patronizing the Bell company with malice aforethought, realizing that the more phones put out free and at half price the sooner the company would have to go into liquidation. The Tradesman hereby recalls all the insin- uations it has indulged in at the ex- pense of this class of telephone users. They knew what they were about all the time. They wete acting in the interest of the independent companies. And they appear to have accomplished their object! Many good Americans go to Paris before they die and when they are there they load their trunks with goods for the production of which Paris is famous. This is particularly the case with Amer- ican women of means who regard Pa- risian gowns as necessities in their wardrobes. Consternation is said to have been created among them by a re- port that two American girls, twin sis- ters, who mingled much inthe Ameri- can colony in Paris, were not the soci- ety folks they purported to be, but de- tectives in the employ of the American customs department who were gathering information as to the purchases that were being made by Americans about to return home. Likely as not the women were not detectives at all, but the dis- turbance caused by the suspicion that they were shows there is information that might be obtained in Paris which would add to the discomfort of Ameri- can tourists when they confront the cus- toms inspectors on the New York docks. The principal misson which brings Marquis Ito, the Japanese statesman, to this country, is to negotiate a loan. Japan will soon need money to increase its navy and make other national im- provements. The significant fact which suggests itself to every one in this con- nection is that the United States has come to he looked upon as the world’s financial center. Only a few years ago if Japan had been looking for a joan it would have gone to England and its representatives would have sought of London bankers the sums they needed. The request for assistance is of itself a compliment to the financial resources and strength of the United States. Marquis Ito has not yet come exactly to the point of saying how much he wishes to borrow, but if he has the security he can be accommodated. FROM HELL GATE TO GOLDEN GATE. From Hell Gate to Gold Gate—and the Sabbath unbroken! : A sweep continental—and the Saxon yet spoken! So sang Benjamin F. Taylor thirty years ago, and then it attracted atten- tion, but as a transportation statement nowadays it is far behind the times. When the popular lecturer, poet and journalist referred so enthusiastically and rythmically to the facility of going from New York to San Francisco with- out traveling on Sunday, it was re- garded as a great accomplishment, but in these modern days the New Yorker need not start until Wednesday and can reach his destination without breaking the Sabbath. The first railway train from the Atlantic to the Pacific was looked upon as a marvel, and indeed it was, but it was only the forerunner of better things to come. The train serv- ice now is as far ahead of that as that was ahead of the stage coach. It is comparatively only a little while ago that five or six days’ constant trav- eling took the tourist from New York to San Francisco. The time was gradual- ly cut down lower and lower until now the four days’ limit is for land travel what the five day boat is on the ocean. There are no more accidents on the swift trains than there used to be on the slower ones, and there are a great many more people going. The sleeping and the dining cars are among the greatest contributions to comfort on transcon- tinental journeys. There are very few railroad eating houses and none in the West which come anywhere near being satisfactory, whereas the dining car service on any road is usually accept- able. Nothing is a more interesting and notable example of American ad- vancement and progress than is the comparison suggested by Benjamin F. Taylor's couplet quoted above and the railroad announcements of the four-day train which, beginning next week, offers to take the traveler from Hell Gate to Golden Gate in a little more than half the time which the popular poet thought thirty years ago was wonderful. The plan of a Chicago postoffice offi- cial for the issuance of postage stamp certificates for the convenience of those wishing to remit small sums through the mail, as noted in the Tradesman a few weeks ago, is provoking considerable discussion in official circles. There is but little doubt that if the plan were adopted it would be of great advantage to such commercial houses in cities as do a large mail order business with country customers, but it is held by ex- perts that in its present shape the plan merely creates a new form of currency, and hence it more properly comes under the jurisdiction of the treasury depart- ment than of the postoffice department. Many who admit the right of the postal authorities to handle such business are in favor of the system in force in Can- ada, under which the remitter buys of his postmaster a certificate or note for a stated sum—25, 50 or 75 cents, as he may require, a bit of paper not unlike our old fractional currency of the civil warera—and attaches to it postage stamps to a sufficient amount to make up the whole sum _ he wishes to send. Thus, if he wishes to send 44 cents, he buys a note for 25 cents and affixes 19 cents’ worth of stamps. At the paying office this combination is redeemed at its full face value. In Canada such a transaction costs the remitter only 1 cent and the postage on his letter. It is sug- gested that if the system, which works admirably there, were reproduced in this country, we could have the notes printed with a blank space on the face, into which the sender could write the name of the payee, and thus doubly protect his remittance, or which he could leave: blank if he did not feel any anxiety over so small a sum. ee The greatest obstacle to the pacifica- tion of the Philippines, it is declared, is the absence of highways in the inter- ior of the islands. It is recalled that the Romans built roads wherever they went and that it was on account of the advan- tage they thus gained for communica- tion and transportation that they were able to hold distant possessions, It isa significant fact that the most loyal of Spain’s colonies, the island of Puerto Rico, was the only one that could boast of a system of highways. It is equally significant that Samar, to-day the one island that is giving us really serious trouble, has not a single road, nota trail even, except along the water’s edge. The difficulty of carrying on military operations under such condi- tions is obvious. No less obvious is the enormous cost which such operations entail. If for no other than economical reasons, therefore, it would seem im- perative rof us to improve transportation facilities. There is no wilderness where a dis- carded milk tin does not glitter in the sun. It has blazed the way across | Africa. It has been very near the pole. In the fastnesses of Northern Luzon, where an American face had never been seen, General Young’s soldiers found tins of the condensed milk with the brand of an American firm. It can be found all over Mongolia and Manchuria, and even in Thibet. The Chinese, who do not take milk in their tea, use the condensed kind as a food, chiefly for their children. In India also it bas a large sale for that purpose, and it is not too much to say that the product of the American factory has been the pabulum of millions of Asiatics. Some alarm is expressed by certain Paris epicures because the supply of snails of the finest quality seems to be falling off to a serious extent. This ap- prehension, however, will cause no dis- tress upon an extended scale,as the taste for the deliberate creature that carries his house upon his back has not been world-wide. In fact, it has never gained much ground outside of the Latin race, and beyond the borders of France, itself the number of gourmets who have extolled the snail as a table delicacy of the most desirable sort has not made a long list. ————————— It naturally affords the Tradesman much pleasure to be able to present its readers this week with its nineteenth anniversary edition, comprising 80 pages and cover, filled to overflowing with the bright thoughts and suggestive ideas of thirty-two special contributors, whom the Tradesman takes this opportunity to thank for their painstaking effort and kindly co-operation in making this edi- tion one of the most valuable ever is- sued by any trade journal. = _—_— ‘‘Made in Germany’’ has no particu- lar Significance, even in the case of Sauerkraut. Sauerkraut ‘‘made in America’’ is just as good, and it may be better, inasmuch as the German gov- ernment ordered a cargo of sauerkraut in Philadelphia for its soldiers in China. The making of sauerkraut may become a great American industry. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN TRUST COMPANIES. Brief History of Their Origin and De- velopment, Of ail the financial machines and in- struments which have entered into the development of our country, the busi- ness of the modern trust company is as little understood by the public generally, particularly in the West, as any. Sev- eral years ago the Trust Officer of our company, in preparing a paper to be read befcre the American Bankers’ As- sociation, wrote to the Secretary of State in several states for the laws relating to trust companies. From several of the States copies of statutes regulating pools, trusts and combinations in re- straint of trade were returned, and the people of the Western States, as a rule, class the modern trust company among such corporations as the Standard Oil Company, the United States Steel Cor- poration and other corporations in the nature of monopoly. The banker has existed in all ages, but the trust company is a comparative- ly recent innovation and might be con- sidered as a sort of amalgamation ofa legal and a banking business. The trust company is an American institution, pure and simple, entirely due to the peculiarities of American development. There are in foreign countries no trust companies such as exist to-day in the United States. The nearest approach to such a company are companies organized in England un- der the executors, trustees and securi- ties act. As the trust companies partake so largely of the functions of a banking corporation, it is well to consider briefly the beginnings of the banking system of our country. No country before has had so large a number and so diverse a class of financial instruments for its develop- ment as our own. In other countries, the tendency has been towards a strong, centralized institution, bearing such a relation as the Bank of England does to Great Britain, the Bank of France to France and the Bank of Russia to Rus- sia. In 1837, President Jackson dealt a blow to such a strongly centralized financial policy by refusing to renew the charter of the United States Bank, and from his policy grew the system of every town of respectable size having its own bank ortrust company. New York and Pennsylvania were the first States in which banks and trust com- panies were organized. There was no general banking or trust company law and to charter a bank or a trust com- pany it was necessary to get a special act before the Legislature. The first bank in existence in New York was the Bank of New York, and as it held un- disputed sway over the Legislature at Albany, it was able to keep any other bank from getting a charter until the Manhattan Company, organized for the purpose of establishing a system of water works in the City of New York, purposely included in its charter a clause stating that ‘‘if it had any sur- plus, it could be used in any business which was not unlawful.’’ Under this head banking surely fell, and the Bank of Manhattan Company is still in exist- ence. Likewise, when the first trust company was organized, it was neces- sary to get an act passed by the Legis- lature for the purposes of incorporation, and that act of the Legislature of 1822 recites that certain persons ‘‘associated as a company under the name of the Farmers’ Fire Insurance and Loan Company, as well for the purpose of accommodating the citizens of the State | residing in the country with loans on security of their property, which can not now be obtained without difficulty, as to insurance of their buildings and effects, and those of other persons, from loss by fire, and also for such other use- ful purposes as are herein specified, have prayed the Legislature for a char- ter of incorporation, to be located in the City of New York, which it is rea- sonable to grant.’’ The capital of this company when chartered was $1, 500,000, This same company has assets to-day of over $60,000,000 and the total assets of trust companies in the State of New York are over $950,000, 000, In the original act, the Framers’ Fire Insurance and Loan Company was au- thorized to grant annuities, but was not allowed to purchase or sell United States or state securities. The next year the Legislature passed an act al- lowing this company to accept and tion of estates in general, and it was decided by this company to enter at once upon the new field ; but for various reasons it was not until 1836 that it was allowed by extension of the powers granted in its charter by the Legislature to enter upon this work, which is the foundation of the trust company busi- ness of the present day. Later, the Girard Life Insurance, Annuity & Trust Company was founded, and these two companies in Philadelphia, and the company above mentioned in New York (now the Farmers’ Loan & Trust Company), were the pioneers in the work of trust companies. In the consideration of the evolution and development of trust companies, it will be seen at once that, while the first trust companies were organized largely in the interest of financial transactions involving the loan of money and the granting of annuities, more extensive powers soon were granted them, which carry out any lawful trusts created by deed or by law, and this was the begin- ning of the present broad powers of trust companies. The New York Life Insurance and Trust Company was chartered in 1830, ! the United States Trust Company in. 1853 and the Union in 1864, all of which! are doing business at present. The first | trust company in Pennsylvania was founded in 1810 and was called the; Pennsylvania Company for Insurance on Lives and Granting Annuities. The charter was at first refused by the State Legislature, but application was again made and a charter was granted in 1812, The principal business of this company was that of life insurance and annuities, but about 1830 the officers and directors learned of the success of what were called Agency Houses in India, which were organized to transact all classes of business for corporations and individuals and for the administra- are exercised by the modern trust com- pany of to-day. The trust company business grew out of necessity. For- merly the business which it now carries on was conducted by the family lawyer, so far as legal matters were concerned, or by the banker; and in certain com- munities in the East, the growth of the trust company has been retarded by the influence of individuals who made the handling of large estates their specialty, but the advantages of trust companies are growing so evident that it is becom- ing more and more common for people of means to turn over their business affairs to them, for very few people who have devoted their lives to securing a competence for their families feel that they can rely upon individuals in rela- tion to their money matters. This feel- ing has not grown out of distrust for the integrity and sincerity of the in- dividual, but as business affairs have become larger and more complicated, the advantage of having a large corpor- ation, with experience in such matters, act in place of the individual is at once apparent. Often in the past large estates have been lost through inexperi- ence and neglect, until it grew to be the case that an administrator was. ap- pointed, not in accordance with Lord Bacon’s maxim, ‘‘for the relief of man’s estate,’’ but rather ‘‘for relieving man of his estate.’’ This is not always be- cause of the incompetence or neglect of the individual administrator, but be- cause there are many estates which it is impossible for individuals to handle successfully. In the matter of fees for services, the trust company is enabled to make smaller charges than would be_ possible to an individual, as its skill and exper- lence in affairs enable it to handle matters with greater speed and familiar- ity. In most states,the fees for handling an estate are regulated by law and the charge which is frequently made against the trust company, of asking exorbitant fees, is out of necessity false, as all ac- counts are passed through the court and rigidly inspected. At no time in the experience of the Michigan Trust Com- pany has it been subjected to serious criticism on account of its fees for serv- ices, although once, after closing an estate of half a million dollars, and rendering its account to the Probate Court, the judge of that court criticised it for not having charged half as much as the services involved would warrant. Early in the existence of the Michi- gan Trust Company, it was called upon to handle the affairs of a large corpora- tion which had failed with liabilities of $3,000,000, and whose assets consisted almost entirely of property which could not be converted quickly into money, and nearly all of which had _ been mortgaged. To sell this property ata forced sale would have meant disaster to the creditors and corporation alike, but the Michigan Trust Company, by rais- ing the money itself and throngh its friends, was enabled to go on with the business of the corporation, until, final- ly, within five years’ time after it had been appointed receiver, it was enabled to pay off the entire $3,000,000 liabili- ties and leave a million dollars besides. It will be readily seen that this would have been almost impossible for the or- dinary individual to have accomplished, and the benefits accruing from the ad- ministration of the Trust Company are at once apparent. So the trust company business has, through necessity, passed from that of the mere business of loaning money to the carrying on of all classes of busi- ness, and has exercised a helpful influ- ence upon both the business community and the individual. Under the Michigan law trust companies are authorized to act: 1. As trustee under agreements with individuals or corporations for any law- ful purpose. 2. As agent or attorney for the trans- action of business, the management of estates, the collection of rents, interest, dividends, mortgages, bonds, bills, notes and securities generally. 3. As registrar and transfer agent. 4. As executor of wills. 5. As administrator of estates. 6. As receiver of the property or business of corporations and individuals. 7. As assignee of insolvent estates. 8. As guardian of minors, incom- petent and intemperate persons and spendthrifts. In. -Michigan, however,.. trust com- | ] 2 a i sro i SAt.ab Bata | i | paetcab ie en acai yume ia aia OE eBay lees Ra clips wert ig: suri i 10 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN panies are not allowed to do a general banking business, nor to buy and sell exchange, as they are in some other States. As trustee under private agreement, it may be stated broadly that its duties cover every ordinary business trans- action. As agent and attorney, it carries on the affairs of the individual in the same manner in which the individual him- self might do. As registrar, it performs a service to the individual stockholder by giving him the surety that no certificates of stock are being issued unlawfully, and as transfer agent it transfers the shares of large corporations. ’ The registration of corporate securi- ties dates from the time of what are known in financial history as the Scuyler frauds. Robert Scuyler, Pres- ident of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Co., was alsoa mem- ber of a banking firm, and through it he issued and sold a large amount of stock of the railroad company in excess of the capitalization. Distrust concern- ing the stocks of all corporations at once became apparent and,to avoid any such disaster in future, the scheme was hit upon of having a third party, not con- nected in any way with the transfer agent or the corporation itself, certify that certificates representing the capital stock of the corporation had not been issued heyond its capital. As executor of wills and administra- tor of estates, it carries out the wishes of the testator and administers the es- tate in the same manner as the nearest friend was formerly accustomed to do. Other powers are granted to trust companies by various states in the Union, but the powers described in the Michigan law are the powers which de- scribe those of the modern trust com- pany. In addition to this, nearly every trust company, in connection with its other business, operates safe deposit vaults, renting boxes in its safe for a certain stipulated rental and receiving pack- ages for safe-keeping and storage. The influence and power of trust com- panies have grown in proportion to the development of the country, and their influence in connection with enterprises of every character extends all over the continent. Railroad and mining com- panies, street railway, gas, electric light and land companies, and nearly every form of corporate enterprise are nearly always in some way influenced by or come in touch with the trust com- pany. John E. Borne, President of the Col- onial Trust Company of New York City, in a paper read before the Trust Company Section of the American Bankers’ Association in Milwaukee two weeks ago, brought out very clearly the relationship which a trust company should assume toward a corporation with which it may become associated. He says: Being thus brought into close contact with an organization, it becomes asso- ciated in the public mind with its for- mation, and its relationship with the en- terprise is considered an endorsement of the good faith and probity of the or- ganizers of the same. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance that a trust company should in every case thorough- ly satisfy itself on these points,and that it should decline any business connec- tion where these are at all doubtful; otherwise it will lay itself open to fu- ture criticism and will be bound to suffer in standing. No business func- tions should be entertained where the least cloud exists. In the past, trust companies have for- tunately been guided by what Mr. Borne has said in this regard, and the confidence which is placed by the pub- lic in every representative trust com- pany has been largely the result of their attitude in this respect. The great growth of trust companies demanded the recognition of that strong organization, the American Bankers’ Association, and five years ago the Trust Company Section, which now numbers three hundred and forty-eight members, was organized. The development of trust companies in the West has been principally in the last twenty-five years, and during that time it has been necessary for the trust companies themselves to educate the people with relation to their business. The Merchants Loan & Trust Com- pany and the Illinois Trust & Savings Bank were the pioneer trust companies of Chicago. The Merchants Loan & Trust Company is the older company and was organized in 1857, with a cap- ital of $500,000. Its capital and surplus to-day are $4,000, 000. The trust companies in Michigan are the Michigan Trust Company of Grand Rapids, the Union Trust Company and the Detroit Trust Company of Detroit. The future growth of trust companies must seem assured when we observe the general high character of the officers and stockholders of the principal trust companies of the United States. Trust companies will continue to grow as business continues to grow and their in- fluence will extend wherever the busi- ness of communities is sufficient to war- rant their establishment. Claude Hamilton. Cheaper Than a Candle and many 100 times more light from Brilliant and Halo Gasoline Gas Lamps Guaranteed good for any place. One S agent in a town wanted. Big profits. Brilliant Gas Lamp Co. 42 State Street, Chicago, Il. COSTS) Double the Stock of Robes and Blankets are here : : for you to choose from as we had last season and we thought we had a pretty good stock then. Especial, good things in blankets. If you have not a price list we will send you one. It is a good time to place your order if that important thing has not already been done. Brown & Sehler, Grand Rapids, Mich. LIGHT! §= LIGHT! Long nights are coming. Send in your order for some good lights. The t= Pentone kind will please you. See that Generator. Never fails to generate. \\ Pentone Gas Lamp Co., } 141 Canal St. ’ Grand Rapids, C Mich. KATE NOBLES the only WOMAN GUM MANUFACTURER ON EARTH makes WILD CHERRY AND CINNAMON FLAVORS —— Michigan Gasoline Gas Machine Lee a nn Gh HJ HH i The above illustration shows our system for store lightin Send for our catalogue. MICHIGAN BRICK AND TILE MACHINE CO., Morenci, Mich, arc lights. g with 2,000 candle power MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 11 LR RR EXERT RRTERREREARRER AAS How to Keep Oysters a Ta TERA ESAT TERRES SZ limited Time One copy for R. R. Co., one for your customer, one We manufacture a full line of Oyster Cabinets, which can be oe packed with ice around a por- of 100 full triplicate leaves. celain lined Can, which keep BARLOW BROS., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. oysters fresh and clean. They can be kept for weeks without getting sour, which is the gen- Write us for catalogue and prices. WORLD’S BEST Goad Geta / Chocolate S : ” oe ©) es © wn > Grand Rapids, Mich. Cooler Co. 5C CIGAR. ALL JOBBERS AND G. J. JOHNSON CIGAR CO. GOUOHOHOOOHOOOODHDHOHOHHOOOHGOOOHO THE NULITE PO. Ais For Home, Store and Street. as The Nearest Approach to Sunlight a Almost as Cheap. _ ARC ILLUMINATORS Fifoe3S54vd See ZHOU is T wo CENTS, Make your stores light as day. A Hardware house writes us: We like your lamps so well we are now working nights instead of days.’”® We also manufacture TABLE LAMPS, WALL LAMPS, i CHANDELIERS, STREET LAMPS, Etec. 100 Candle Power seven hours ONE CENT. No wicks. NoSmoke. No Odor. Absolutely safe. THEY SELL AT SIGHT. Exclusive ter- ritory to goodagents. (Qf Write for catalogue and prices. CHICAGO SOLAR LIGHT CO., DEPT. L, CHICAGO. for yourself, all written at“one time—50 CENTS PER BOOK lig et Sporting Goods, Ammunition, Stoves, Window Glass, Bar Iron, Shelf Hard- ware, etc., etc. Foster, Stevens & Co., 31, 33, 35. 37, 39 Louis St. 10 & 12 Monroe St. Grand Rapids, Mich. §00000600000600000000000 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SESSSESSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS Hid ay MAKE BUSINESS MANTLES EVERY BRAND MADE RELOUZE SCALE & MFG CO., CHIC aM iene la ari ie » CATALOG COUNTER ffs MARKET, |i | CANDY. \ ' eC cite POSTAL ¥ j SCALES 4 ae eon = Our Own Makes Are Suitable for Either Gas or Gasoline Lights Glassware, Mica Goods, Etc. At Lowest Prices Write for Catalogue No. 7 GLOVERS WHOLESALE MERCHANDISE CO., cas*ano casouine sunoges Grand Rapids, Mich. oo pene aieti: eit 12 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE MILLING INDUSTRY. , Has Kept Pace With the Progress of the Wheat Growers. In no other item is the great progress of the United States more thoroughly exemplified than in the improvements which have been made in the growing and milling of wheat. Wonderful strides have been made by this country in pro- ducing the best of wheat and the finest flour, and twenty-five years ago it was not even realized that in that period of time this country’s present pre-eminence could have been attained, and to-day we probably have but a faint idea of what the future has in store for the great industry of milling. Twenty-five years ago a_ writer in a leading magazine showed, to his own and probably to his readers’ entire sat- isfaction, that the western limit of suc- cessful wheat raising was the Dakota boundary of Minnesota, and yet in 1899 the two Dakotas raised over 100,000,000 bushels of wheat. The question of ability to produce wheat, and produce it cheaply, in this country is one that will continue to oc- -cupy the attention of practical agricul- turalists, and its only limit will be the market demand for it. No single ma- terial outranks wheat in importance as human food. From earliest times it was the food of the most powerful and enlightened nations, and to-day the wheat eaters rule the world. The growth of the milling industry has kept pace with the progress of the wheat growers, both, in volume of production and in character of product, and to-day the flour mills of this country are turn- ing out the finest product that has ever been produced. Contrary to theories that have been exploited to a considerable extent in recent years, to the effect that the nutri- tive and digestive qualities of fine bolted white flour are not equal to graham flour or entire wheat flour, it is now the consensus of opinion of ad- vanced scientists, both in Europe and America, that white bread is the best. M. Terier, the French expert, ina _ re- cent pamphlet on ‘‘Panary Fermenta- tion,’’ calls attention to the pre-emi- nent excellencies of white bread and says that it is the most nourishing be- cause it is the product of a process of fermentation, the alcoholic fermentation saturating it with carbonic acid gas, which assists digestion. It is a perfect food and at the same time stimulates the appetite of the rich and the poor. Bread is the indispensable adjunct to meat, cheese, eggs, etc,, and white bread is a guarantee of perfect purity and wholesomeness, whereas brown bread, by its color alone, already indi- cates the presence of substances which must be excluded from a food stuff if it is to be of an irreproachable character. The United States Agricultural De- partment has recently completed very . exhaustive experiments on the compar- ative nutritive and digestive qualities of white bread, as compared with so- called graham bread, and also as com- pared with bread made from so-called entire wheat flour, and has proven un- answerably, by actual digestive experi- ments, that white bread is more whole- some and nutritive than the bread made either from graham or entire wheat flour. While, chemically, graham flour and entire wheat flour showed higher percentages of gluten, the experiments referred to showed conclusively that those elements in graham flour and en- tire wheat flour are not as available for the human system, on account of being in a condition in which they can not be properly digested, and that white flour therefore is the best from nutritive and digestive standpoints, as well as from the standpoint of appearance and pal- atableness. The flouring mill has kept pace with the wheat fields and has advanced westward with the course of civiliza- tion—not the old mill which mixed flour and chicken feed in one sack or barrel, but one that should produce the most flour possible to be made from a bushel of wheat, of the best quality and at the lowest cost price. Michigan wheat and Michigan flour mills hold leading posi- tions, and the product of Michigan mills goes not only to all the states of the Union east of the Mississippi, but to South America, the islands of the sea and to Europe, and the product of Michigan mills, made from Michigan wheat, possesses a certain delicacy of texture and attractive appearance that Highest cash price paid for Neapolitan Winter Wheat and Roman Corn. Why haul your Wheat through the sand to Heculaneum when we pay the same price here? Office and Mill, Via VIII., Near the Stabian Gate, and only thirteen blocks from the P. O., Pompeii. Dear Sir—This circular has been called out by another one issued last month by Messrs. Toecorneous & Chil- blainicus, alleged millers and wheat buyers of Herculaneum, in which they claim to pay a quarter toa half cent more per bushel than we do for wheat and charge us with docking the farmers around Pompeii a pound per bushel more than necessary for cockle, wild buckwheat and pigeon grass seed. They make the broad statement that we have made all our money in that way and claim that Mr, Cornucopius, of our mill, has erected a fine house, which the farmers allude to as the ‘‘wild buck- wheat villa.’’ We do not, as a general rule, pay any attention to this kind of stuff, but when give it a special value above the flour of other states for many special pur- poses, and its character is such that the very best bread in the world can be made from it and is made from it by many intelligent housewives in many climes. Possibly it may interest the readers of the Tradesman to publish here a por- tion of a letter which it is said by Bill Nye was found in the ruins of Pompeii, and which goes to show that in some re- spects milling in A. D. 79 had points of similarity to milling in A. D. Igol. The letter appears to have been in the shape of a circular communication is- sued by the firm of Cornucopius & Pan- cakius, millers at Pompeii, and a free translation of a portion is here given: Office of Cornucopius & Pancakius, Dealers in Flour, Bran, Middlings, Screenings, Hen and Cow Feed. two snide Romans, who went to Her- culaneum without a dollar and drank stale beer out of an old Etruscan tomato can the first year they were there, assail our integrity, we feel justified in mak- ing a prompt and final reply. We de- sire to state to the Roman farmers that we do not test their wheat with the crooked brass tester that has made more money for Messrs. Toecorneous & Chilblainicus than their old mill has. We do not do that kind of business. Neither do we buy a man’s wheat at a cash price and then work off four or five hundred pounds of Imperial hog feed on him in part payment. When we buy a man’s wheat we pay him in money, We do not seek to fill him up with sour Carthagenian cracked wheat and orders on the store. We would also call attention to the improvements that we have just made in our mill. Last week we put a new handle in the upper burr and we have also engaged one of the best head mill- ers in Pompeii to turn the crank day- times. Our old head miller will over- see the business at night, so that the mill will be in full blast night and day except when the head miller has gone to his meals or stopped to spit on his * hands. * : Yours for business, Cornucopius & Pancakius. Since the time that our brother millers in Pompeii were bidding for trade and making improvements in milling, the milling business has ever contained these two features: Competition has se- cured good prices for the wheat seller and has spurred the miller to constant improvement in his machinery and the character of his product. C. J. DeRoo. ae SUPPRESSION OF TATTLING. A local clergyman recently preached a sermon which ought to have been at- tentively listened to by about three- fifths of the city’s population. He pro- posed the organization of a league to which the entire 87,000 population, more or less, should belong and live up to its platform. The theme of his dis- course was ‘‘Tattlers,’’ and the organ- ization he proposes is a league for the suppression of tattling. It is proposed that its members shall pledge them- selves never to repeat any rumor which may cause pain or affect adversely any one’s standing in the community, until it has been subjected to the tests: Is it true, is it kind, and is it necessary? The plan is a good one, and ought to succeed, The harm done by tattling and what goes under the name of gossip, can scarcely be overestimated. It does limitless injustice in many cases and its perfect work amounts to a positive sin. Practical Christianity may well embrace this form of offense among the reforms it seeks to accomplish. One of the in- evitable accompaniments of gossip is exaggeration. A little thing harmless in itself is repeated and_ repeated again. Growing as the boy’s snowball does, from small beginning, it comes to be not only immense, but monstrous. It causes needless pain and suffering by its misrepresentations. It is the bane of every community and an evil which is as firmly rooted as the love of money. Everybody is familiar with it. Most people deprecate it and then go right . on indulging in it. It forms the theme of half the social conversations and often a dash of it creeps into the other half. Petty spite, prejudice, misun- derstanding and all that sort of thing usually start the nasty little rumors, which grow as they progress and never do anybody any good. The preacher's undertaking deserves hearty approval and enthusiastic encouragement from every right minded man and woman in Grand Rapids. More power to the new league, and may its membership grow until the Secretary is obliged to use the directory to call the roll. —_>2.__ Adolphus Busch, the rich St. Louis brewer, has just returned from a visit to Germany. It was hoped he would bring assurance that Emperor William would visit the St. Louis fair in 1903, but Mr. Busch says ali talk of the Emperor com- ing to the United States is nonsense. ‘“He may leave his country occasional- ly, but he, on visits to other rulers, keeps in touch with his government at all times, and does not go far enough away but that he can return in twenty- four _ hours, The idea of the Emperor visiting the United States is perfectly absurd. It is very probable, however that the next best thing may be done. It is not at all unlikely that the Crown Prince Frederick Wilhelm would visit us, if invited, and I think it would be well for our commissioners to give such an invitation serious consideration.”’ MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 13 Waterproof Horse and Wagon Covers | Ow ww WR RR WR TAO OILED CLOTHING fIt’s to Your Advantage to see that your patrons are supplied with dependable goods. So long as they Pipe Covering please them they’ll cling to your store. That’s why you should handle Lakeside Canned Peas They satisfy the most particular house- keepers and offord the dealer a good profit. Worden Grocer Co., Grand Rapids THE M. I. WILCOX CO., TOLEDO, 0.| Ow wa WR. ss SO CRONOH OHOHOH CHOHONOCHOHOROHOHON OR OHOROROROROROHOHOE If you want to secure more than $25 REWARD In Cash Profits in 1901, and in addition give thorough satisfaction to your patrons, the sale of but one dozen per day of FLEISCHMANN & CO.’S YELLOW LABEL COMPRESSED YEAST will secure that result. Grand Rapids Office, 29 Crescent Ave. Detroit Office, 111 W. Larned St. HOUOHOROHOHOCHOROHOCROROCHOCROROROHOROROHOHOHOHOTONOEO . Paints Oils Lath Yarn Varnishes Rope Mill Supplies wh a A ff }__— fe We've been manu- facturing Sleighs and Cutters, we’ve learned ( (one some things which ' ) | 22 Years D younger concerns will not know for some time yet. We know how to make a satisfactory article. There is no guess work about it with us- There will be no question about your satisfaction if you buy our goods. We are making the kind of sleigh you ought to have at the price you ought to pay. Our catalogue is worth having. Send for it. KALAMAZOO WAGON CO. Ransom St., Kalamazoo, Mich. i You Sell from the Book Any merchant can make big profits selling our clothing by sample. We furnish, FREE OF ALL EXPENSE, a complete outfit, consisting of a large sample book, containing two. hundred and ten samples of Men’s, Boys’ ahd Children’s Suits, Trousers, Overcoats and Ulsters. Every prevailing fashion is represented and can be sold at about half the prices charged by the tailors to the trade. This clothing is fully guaranteed in every partic- ular—is correct in style, perfect in fit, and made of the finest materials. With the book we send all instructions, advertising matter, tape lines, order blanks, envelopes, etc. THE OUTFIT IS FREE SEND FOR IT IF YOU WISH TO SELL CLOTHING BY SAMPLE.. EXPRESS CHARGES WILL BE PREPAID David Adler & Sons Clothing Co. MILWAUKEE, WIS. 7 . n orca. ’ . 14 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MEN OF MARK. Charles B. Kelsey, Cashier Peoples Sav- ings Bank. : Charles B. Kelsey was born on a farm in Cascade township, Kent county, March 27, 1863. He lived on the farm with his parents until 17 years of age, attending the district school, with the exception of the years 1872 and 1873, during which time the family resided in Grand Rapids. In 1882, he went to live with an uncle in Three Oaks, taking a clerkship in the postoffice at $5 per month and board. He improved the opportunity to study during his leisure hours and obtained a third grade cer- tificate, on the strength of which he taught school two years—one term ata place called Beaver Dam and another at Avery’s, a station on the Michigan Central Railway near Three Oaks. In " 1883, he removed to Grand Rapids, se- curing a position as billing clerk for the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad, at the South Yards. The financial re- verses of that year and the failure of several Grand Rapids lumbermen cur- tailed the work of the office to the. ex- tent that he was transferred to the office of the Auditor of the same company, where he remained a year. On the open- ing of the Kent County Savings Bank, Jan. 1, 1885, he secured employment as man of all work, Cashier - Verdier and himself being the only employes of the institution. He was book-keeper, audi- tor, collection clerk, discount clerk, paying, receiving and savings teller— and, at odd times, supervised the tem- perature of the room. He remained in this bank nearly six years, when he or- ganized the Peoples Savings Bank, be- ginning the work in October, 1890. The bank opened for business Feb. 9, 1801, and has been marked by a marvelous growth, the deposits now aggregating $1,872,000, while the footings are in ex- cess of $2,000,000. This result is due in no small degree to the efficient watchfulness and persistent effort of the Cashier, who has given the business his undivided attention. Mr. Kelsey enjoys the distinction of having discovered the present home of the Consolidated Sportsmen’s Associa- tion, comprising ten acres of land at the big bend in Grand River, west of the Michigan Soldiers’ Home. This land was the property of the old Grand River Booming Co. and its existence had been nearly forgotten by everyone in any way interested in the property. Mr. Kelsey quietly secured an option on the land, which he turned over to the organization, although he could have made other disposition of the property at a handsome profit to himself. The land has since increased in value to the extent that, if it were sold and the proceeds divided among the members, they would receive a handsome advance on the amount paid by them in mem- bership fees and dues. Mr. Kelsey was one of the underwrit- ers of the recently-organized Michigan Lime Co., which acquired the extensive properties of H. O. Rose, at Petoskey, and confidently predicts that it will prove to be one of the best investments he has ever made. Mr. Kelsey was married Oct. 28, 1888, to Miss Mary Atwater, and has one child, a daughter now 4% years old. The family reside at 40 Ransom street during the winter months and dur- ing the heated term occupy their beau- tiful summer home on the banks of Grand River at Eastmanville. Mr. Kelsey is a member of St. Mark’s church, but owes no affiliation to any secret society, his time being entirely engrossed with his home and social duties, his business and his one hobby, which is that of sportsman. He is a director of the Peoples Savings Bank, First Vice-President of the New Era Association, President of the Consoli- dated Sportsmen’s Association, director and Treasurer of the Michigan Lime Co., Treasurer of the Grand Rapids Clearing House Association and mem- ber of the Executive Board of the Mich- igan Bankers’ Association. Personally, Mr. Kelsey is one of the most companionable of men. He is of medium height and build, with cheerful manner and unobtrusive ways. He con- fesses to no fads. He beleives in recrea- tion. If he has any pretensions, they are those of a man successful in busi- ness. He has no political ambitions beyond doing his duty as a citizen. He holds that willingness to be a duty. At | as a business partner. Look on This Picture and Then ‘on That. Life is a strange thing and the way of the Author of life are not always easy to understand. Within the last few days the wife of a grocer of my acquaintance has died. She was a good woman—a real wife—the conscientious and intelligent mother of several small children. Many women would feel themselves so burdened with the care of these children that they would consider it beyond them to take any interest in their hus- bands’ business, Not so with this woman. She spent as much time in the store as she did in her house—not in loafing but in working. She waited on customers, wrapped packages, helped on the books, made change—did every- thing she was called on to do—a faith- ful intelligent clerk. This woman’s husband regarded her She had the fac- 38 years of age he is still a young man in looks and actions and has every rea- son to regard his future with compla- cency. ——__>+.____ Joke About Quartered Oak. A few years ago the writer happened to run across a hotel acquaintance in the dry goods line ona train down in the hardwood country. He evidently knew the difference between plain and quar- tered oak when found in a piece of fur- niture, for as we were running through a piece of woodland he asked how the mill men could tell the difference be- tween a quartered oak tree and a_ plain oak tree. I considered a moment how to begin to explain this subject to him, but finally concluded that it was of no use and merely told him that any man who knew anything about oak trees could pick them out as soon as he saw them. And then I pointed out some from the car window. If he has not had some additional light on the sub- ject I presume he is still wondering how I could tell. ulty of getting things done. He con- sulted her about everything, including the buying. Some people said she was the better business man of the two, but about that I have no knowledge. This woman was a conscientious Christian and a member of a_ local Methodist church. With all her inter- ests, she neglected neither her house nor her children, for the former was kept as clean as soap and hard work could make it, and the children as tidy as young children can be. This woman, a perfect wife, mother and partner, who knew her duty and didJ it the very best she could, is dead. I know another grocer’s wife. She is a slattern and a scold. She has two children who are neglected night and day. Rumor says the woman drinks, Scandal has associated her name with a livery stable keeper of her town and with certain salesmen who go to the place to sell goods to her husband. The woman's house is neglected, her hus- band is neglected, her children are neg- lected and her reputation is neglected. To the grocer himself—a decent, hon- est man—his wife is a sore trial. With him love, if he has it, is not blind—he sees his wife as she is. To make things worse, he is a mild man, disliking scenes; while she is a virago with the tongue and temper of a shrew. Against his will, this woman persists in loafing in her husband’s store, ready to join in a loud-voiced conversation or pick a quarrel with any Tom, Dick or Harry who comes in. Alone with her, every man in the neighborhood calls her by her first name. This grocer’s business is being killed by his wife. She makes the store un- savory. Decent women will no longer go there, and women constitute seven- eighths of grocery buyers. The man is helpless. He sees his trade dying be- fore his eyes, and he is too gentle in disposition to choke the woman to death or kick her out, as most men would do. The general public, this grocer, his children, and his business would all be better off for this woman’s death. She is a barnacle and ought to be cleared away. Yet I'll wager any amount of money that she’ll live to a green and disgrace- ful old age, a destroyer of the domestic happiness of her husband, a neglectful cuffer and railer at her children, a pub- lic scandal, and a general nuisance. Why couldn’t she have been taken and the first wife left?—-Stroller in Gro- cery World. ———_>2+>—__ Increased Horse Breeding. From the Indiana Farmer. There are abundant signs of increased interest in horse breeding all over the world, as all sections realize that there is to be an increased future demand for good horses. Touching this matter the English Live Stock Journal says: ‘‘Small doubt exists as to the waking up of many who were inclined to give up horse breeding as a_played-out branch of agriculture. Everywhere there seems to be a demand for good, sound, well grown sires of all recog- nized British breeds, and the hitherto somewhat under-valued pony shares the market with the ponderous and power- ful Shires, Clydesdales and Suffolks. There may be, viewed from a business standpoint, a quick interchange, but it is Satisfactory to note that this carried out between business men who have big stakes in the trade. ‘There is evidence enough about to show the agricultural authorities of the United States are alive to this, En- couragement is given to bring up grad- ually the equine level, and although Shires, Clydesdales, Suffolks may all be intermingled with Percherons and Nor- mans, and these in many cases _ crossed with trotters and Hackneys, the result- ant get is bound to work out in a useful direction.”’ ——_>2~»—____ Automatic Needle Threading. From the London Globe. A little machine which threads one thousand needles a minute is at work in St. Gall, Switzerland. The purpose of the machine is to thread needles that are placed afterward in an embroidery loom for making Swiss or Hamburg lace. The device is almost entirely automatic. It takes the needle from a hopper, Carries it along and threads it, ties the knot, cuts the thread off a uni- form length, then carries the needle across an open space and sticks it in a rack. The work of threading of these needles was formerly done by hand. 2s >_______. It is rather discouraging to a man _ to be forced to wait until he is dead in or- der to discover what a good fellow he was, MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 15 CROROH OHOHOH CHOHOE OHOHOROHOHOE OH OCHOROROROHORONOROE Th e C el eb r ated L E G G : N G S “lone” Shoe for Men Over Gaiters and Lamb’s Wool Soles. (Beware of the Imitation Waterproof Leg- ging offered ) Our price on Men’s Waterproof Legging, Tan or Black, per dozen........ 5 00 Same in Boys’, above knee...... i Send us your advance order early before the rush is on. Send for Catalogue. HIRTH, KRAUSE & CO. MANUFACTURERS GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN We Make a Line of Goodyear Welts Have you ever been a victim of ‘buckwheat poisoning?” Did you know why those buckwheat cakes you had for breakfast made you feel like a monkey, and your hide look like a case of measles? Have you ever sworn you'll never again eat a buckwheat cake and then when you came down to breakfast on a cold morning you tackled those piping hot cakes only to regret it later on and wish you’d never seen them? at In $2.00 $2.25 $2.50 Let Us Tell You Something We make a flour which hasn’t a scratch ina barrel of it. We’ve found a way to skin the kernels of all the hull, which contains the poison. If you willbuy our non- irritating flour you get all the good of the buckwheat and none of the bad. You get purity only. Just give our flour a trial and if you don’t continue to buy it, it’ll be our fault. Latest Styles and Leathers Velour and Vici Kid Stock. Re- Muskegon Milling Co. tails at $2.50. Muskegon, Mich. Bradley & Metcalf Co Manufacturers and Jobbers of Shoes and Rubbers, The Western Shoe Co., Toledo, Obio Milwaukee, Wis. Distributors @©@ee' OOOO’ OOOO OOOO O'O'O' 000 0' O00 000 0'0'0'O'O ©LL 882 OOOO OOOO OU FREE! GIVEN AWAY! DETAILED SELF-ADDING SOLID NICKEL CASE ee .. ASH DRUGS, PATENT MEDICINES, WALL PAPER, Paints, Oils, Glass, Books, Stationery, Periodicals, Etc., REGISTER (GFBrsheourtle. Lah, fh. y ayfeo TO THE TRADE: Oe ta Eben c With 1,000 of our best 5-cent cigars at $39.00 per M., we will gn ' 8 send free a solid nickeled case, Detailed Self-Adding Cash A“ 4101 f Jick —" equal to registers heretofore sold for $175 and up- ward, The Cigars are Equal to Any 5-Cent Cigar on the Market.| . hog Back ee ot Cedi he Terms: 30 days, less 2 per cent. Io days. J Description of Cash Register: a. fbr intl Tee Mc geet 2 Size, 21 inches high, 17 inches deep and 19 inches wide. a gi Weight, 85 lbs, Solid nickelcase of handsome design. Tab- a pecete 5 ° lets display from both front and rear. The money drawer is t FAN / highly polished inside. Both the exterior and interior of this a Cra Li Lin frerebine. ou machine are the best that can be produced. Warranted for five years. All the work is done on wheels, and it sets to zero baak pe ee faery cect. with a key in a moment’s time. The tablets are large and con- spicuous—a black figure on a white enameled background. We i ae ; . have two styles of keyboards. oo ae ae Mou lErriceerc otek, —— ge GA. BAAS fe iw - i "PAPERS. ’ $ and PERIODICALS) _ ry ¢ i 2 yee — Pr Alaele cord Ce gare Aects A; Geek. When ordering please state if you use penny keys or whether 5 cents is the lowest denomina- i : a : tion you use, 7 orilvre Gor Cigere

24 art cai ae a “hat Advertisement will be Incredutous. £ afipos ee eae al a Do not be influenced by agents of high priced —— but send for one of our registers and 1,000 Cigars for $39. Then compare and judge for yourself, and if register is not equa! to the best in style, finish and quality, return it tous. We assure you that eyery. Le gu ees thing is as represented. Yours respectfully, DETROIT TOBACCO CO., Detroit, Mich. OUR GUARANTEE Drake ta forruh Dy 211 «Hb lonnk To any responsible merchantin the United States we will ship both register and cigars on seven days’ trial. If the cigars are not satisfac- tory or vou do not consider the register equal to any that the National Cash Register Co., of Dayton, Ohio, sells for $175, you can return both register and cigars to us. Remember $39 includes both the cash regis- ter and cigars. Why pay $175 for a cash register when you can get one free? Sign and return the order blank and the goods will go promptly forward on seven days’ trial. The ‘World’ is covered by five U.S. patents. It does not infringe on other Patents. We protect users against infringement = our written guarantee. We are responsible. Have been in business here for 15 years. Rated in Bradstreet’s Mer- cantile Agency at $30,000, and refer you to any bank or business house in this city. Don’t buy or accept as a premium any cash register until you have tried ours seven days. : Don’t pay five times the value of a Cash Register, wher you can get one equal to the best FREE with 1,000 of our best 5¢ Cigars, which are sent on approval, to be returned if you do not consider them equal to any $c Cigar on the market, as per terms of guarantee. ORDER BLANK. Detroit Tobacco Co., Detroit, Mich. Terms: Ship as soon as possible $19.50 30 days 1,000 cigars at $39 per thousand, 19.50 60 days including one cash register — $39.00 If goods do not suit, I agree to return same to you on or before seven days from date they are received from transportation company. If goods are retained after above mentioned ‘time, it shall constitute the accept- ance of same, and I will remit as per above terms, Signature of purchaser, ouurd y svt. ae, 7 ey Ee Lh free sf Ones auch 4 ne That Sapolh— uth Prahes vice fur f We have on file Hundreds of letters sedi to the above from every State in the Union. FILL OUT AND SEND -_ To-Day THE ORDER BLANK. Beata cea 16 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MICHIGAN SHINGLES Supplanted by Southern Cypress and the Washington Red Cedar. For twenty years the manufacturing of shingles has been one of the leading in- dustries of Michigan and no other in- dustry has done so much for the farmer and the grocer. In a lumbering operation the crew go into the woods in the fall with a full outfit, with their own cook, camp stove and boarding house. They live within themselves and in the spring have usu- ally cleaned up the job and move out. The men are mostly those who come from other sections and in the spring return to their homes, the operation having done little or nothing, financially, for the immediate neighborhood. In manufacturing shingles a Northern farmer has almost a never-ending source of income from his timber lot. When- ever he has any extra time he gets out bolts, that command a readysale. Liv- ing there, his money goes for home sup- plies. Shingle mills must be near the source of bolt supply and, as most of the men who work in a shingle mill live there with their families, their money is Spent with the grocer and other home supply men. As 80 per cent. of the cost of shingles represents labor, and as that labor to a very large degree spends the money at home, it is an idea] industry for the community. The manufacturing of shingles works exactly opposite from lumber in its re- sults. Many of the Tradesman’s readers will remember, not many years ago, when small lumber mills were scattered through Michigan and dealers from Grand Rapids could go up the road and buy a million ortwo million cut of lum- ber at almost any of the stations, but gradually the larger mills have coopered the available supply, owning timber 100 or 200 miles from their mills, and in that way have driven out the smaller lum- ber mills. As timber becomes more scarce the shingle mills decrease in size and in- crease in number, compared to the out- put. The timber being in such small tracts it can not be grouped and the “‘little fellow’’ has a chance of making a living without the fear (as ina lum- ber mill) that his ‘‘big’’ neighbor will buy the adjoining 40 that he had been expecting to buy as soon as he cut out the 40 he was at. The average man, seeing a little shingle mill, does not think it amounts to much, but let us see what these small mills have done, financially. I have not been able to get the figures’ for the big shingle years of 1880 to 1885, but from the files of the Lumberman | find that the cut of the mills in the white pine district for three years was as follows: ee eres. os. 4.314,166,050 eg 4.320,323,470 ss 3,171,469,300 Take the year 1889. Say the average sale price of shingles was $2 per thous- and, the shingle output brought into those states for that year eight and one- half million dollars, If labor is 80 per cent. of the selling price, they brought to the laborers of those states for that year $6,800,000. If the average carload was one hun- dred thousand, there were forty-three thousand carloads hauled from _ those three states for that year. If the average freight per carload was 20 cents per 100 pounds, the freight paid to railways for that year was $2,000, 000. If the average trainload is forty-three - cars, it took 1,000 trains to haul them. | If the average house takes 7,000 shin- gles, they roofed 600,000 houses. To-day the decrease in the Michigan output is made up by the increase in the output of the cypress mills of the South and the red cedar mills of Wash- ington, the red cedar shipments being 17,645 cars in 1900 and 24,000 cars in I901. Red cedar, being kiin dried, car- loads will average 150,000 to the car, so that figuring on the same load as for white pine shingles in 1889, they would make 36,000 carloads, as against the 43,000 carloads of white pine in 1889. Formerly wholesaling of shingles was a business of itseif, but in these days of close competition, a wholesaler becomes a department store to some extent and usually handles white pine and Michi- gan cedar, Pennsylvania hemlock, Southern cypress, Washington red cedar shingles, Southern yellow pine lumber, Michigan and Tennessee hardwood and hemlock, with California redwood as a difficulty is to get a law passed that will compel the road they represent to fur- nish the equipment necessary to take care of the business and that can only be done by a demurrage law in the shippers’ interest, as it now is in the railway’s interest. A few years ago the railway officials insisted that it was im- possible to equip all freight cars with patent couplers, but the law said, ** You must,’’ and they have. When will ship- pers meet the car shortage crime with united action and force a law that will protect them? Until that day comes the shingle business, like all other branches that furnish railroads their traffic, will continue to be one that makes young men age quickly. C. C. Follmer. —___o-2 > —___ The bankruptcy law has been in oper- ation long enough to reveal some defects which it will be the business of Con- gress at its next session to remedy if possible. A general criticism is that it side line. Grand Rapids boasts of three | 0° easily discharges people from the in- of the oldest wholesale shingle firms in the State, and they have trimmed their sails to meet the new business condi- tions and, as long as there is a shingle manufactured, will continue in the fu- ture, as in the past, to lead the proces- sion in that line. Some of us will not die happy until the railroads are compelled to take their own medicine by the enactment of a law that will compel them to furnish cars promptly or pay the shippers de- murrage. There is no justice in a law that compels a shipper to unload a car in forty-eight hours, or pay $1 per day for overtime, and allows a railroad to keep a shipper. waiting four and six weeks for a car after it is ordered. The local officials do everything they can to help the shipper and are getting gray- headed much faster than they should in trying to get one car to satisfy ninety- nine shippers, The only way out of the | debtedness. It is such a simple matter to apply to the federal courts, setting down all the items owed and then have a judicial wiping off of the slate so as to make a fresh start. While no one would wish to go back to the days of the debtors’ prison, a question which may be properly asked in these times is if the law does not make bankruptcy dis- charge too easy and too temptingly available. Substantial business prin- ciples demand full payment and _ it should be exacted. The chairman of the House Judiciary Committee and a rep- resentative of the National Association of Referees in Bankruptcy are at work drafting a revision of the law, and in answer tc a circular letter sent out have received something like 1,500 answers from all over the country, containing advice and suggestions. These answers will be tabulated and presented along with the report of the Judiciary Com- mittee. STATISTICAL BUREAU. With the approach of the assembling of Congress, the scheme of establishing the Census Bureau ona permanent basis is being revived. This has been at- tempted several times before, particu- larly as the work of the census force commences to show signs of nearing an end. Of course, the immediate purpose is to make permanent offices and _posi- tions of those which are now fresh] created with the taking of every census. The arguments used in favor of the plan, however, are plausible enough. It is contended that, with a permanent Census Bureau, the census work could be more systematized and could be more thoroughly prepared for in advance. The enumeration and the _ statistical work that grows out of the census each decade would, under a permanent sys- tem, be done by a corps of trained as- sistants, instead of by a temporary force gathered together for the occasion and appointed largely through political fa- voritism. It is also held that, under a permanent system, there would be greater economy for the Government. While, of course, there is something to be said of the permanent system, every effort to add to the already complicated machinery of the Government and to the number of public offices should be regarded with suspicion. It is no doubt true that trained clerks and statisticians could accomplish more and better work than temporary help, but it may be doubted if the census alone would war- rant the creation of an independent bureau. The Government does a great deal of expert statistical work for the benefit of commerce and agriculture over and above the census work. It might be profitable to concentrate all this statis- tical work, including the census enumer- ation and special investigations undera single bureau to be known as the Statis- tical Bureau. Such a bureau could su- pervise and control all statistical work of the Government, and thereby insure not only greater uniformity in reports, but also greater simplicity and accur- acy, as well as effect a considerable saving to the Government. No government in the world does more in the way of gathering and dis- seminating useful information than ours. Much of this information is dup- licated and unnecessarily strung out. This is due to the fact that the statistics and information are issued by several separate bureaus, This wastefulnes and confusion necessarily arising from use- less duplication would be obviated if all statistical work intended for publi- cation were controlled by a single bureau, where it could be carefully re- vised and all unnecessary matter elimi- nated. Such a bureau, provided with compe- tent statisticians and a force of trained clerks, would be in a better position to take the census and compile the data se- cured from the army of enumerators which must of necessity be employed for a brief period than any temporary Census Bureau, such as is usually or- ganized each decade, no matter how competent the management of sucha temporary institution might be. There may be justification for the organiza- tion of a permanent Statistical Bureau of the sort described, but certainly none for a Census Bureau alone, > 2s—___ No matter how poor a man is, there may have been a time when he rode in his own carriage—while his mother pushed it along, MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 1% SOUND HORSE SENSE. There is a young farmer in the North- west who is going to amount to some- thing. Full of strategems and schemes the spoils are sure to be his in due time and when they come they will be the rich reward of the good horse sense the exercise of which he has lately shown. Young, full of the ambition of youth, he hoped to win fame and for- tune at one fell swoop and on the Mon- day morning of an early August day with plans materialized he started out on his bicycle to circumnavigate the globe. These plans covered a trip of three years, with a yearly income of $1,000 a year, after which, with his name written down at the head of the world’s bicyclers, he was to retire to the private life of distinguished Amer- ican citizenship and repose in peace on his laurels. After two days, however, he changed his mind. His sound horse sense, the behest of a sturdy New Eng- land ancestry, brought him to his senses and instead of pushing across the con- tinent to San Francisco and then visit- ing the countries of Asia, Europe, Af- rica and South America, he gracefully but determinedly turned upon his wheel and went home. Whether the bars of his bicycle recalled the plow handles he had left is not known, but the fact that he gave up the idea of lecturing and writing for the newspapers and went back to the work that heaven intended he should do marks the young man as one of a thousand and one that will be found a few years from now benefiting his section and the rest of the country with the wisdom which the world stands much in need of. To those who watch even slightly the tendency of the times it hardly need be said that the time for the passing of the freak has come. The journey around the earth afoot or awheel, the. shooting of the Niagara rapids in a barrel, the going without food for forty days, the thousand and one things that amount to nothing after they are done is getting to be an old and a very tiresome story and the doer of them needs only the old-time cap and bells to mark him as the buffoon that he insists on making of himself. Everybody is getting tired of it and the sneer that the statement of the doing produces shows that this practical age wants something in its re- sults even for its amusement. It is to be hoped that the young Northwestern- er’s action will commend itself to his countrymen the land over. The plow he has gone back to will prove more remunerative a hundred to one than the wheel and the senseless journey he had planned to take. In both ventures there will be hardships to endure, but while the returns of the wheel ride will be un- certain, the soil will not forget the hand that has cultivated it and there, if any- where, will be reaped the harvest of a hundredfold. He has already accom- plished one object of his undertaking— the furnishing of an item for the papers with his name in it—and the carrying out of the whole design would have done but little more. Now he can rest on his laurels and begin his life in earnest, feeling certain that in the minds of most of his countrymen he has shown more sound horse sense to the square inch than the whole freak fam- ily have shown or can show in a life- time. ——__> +. —___ The kodak companies have formed a $35,000, 000 trust and the snapshot fiend will hereafter have to pay for his fun. Geo. BH. Reeder & Co. Wholesale Dealers in Boots, Shoes and Rubbers 28 and 30 S. Tonia St. Grand Rapids, Mich. No. 61. Box Calf. No. 62. Vici. No. 63. Valour Calf. No. 64. Patent Calf. No. 65. Enamel Calf. Our up-to-date line of heavy sole English welts at $2.00. They are just as good as they look. We have a complete line of up-to-date leather goods. If you have not received our It’s full of good things. fall catalogue write for it. The most We carry at all Double Wear Rubbers, made only in Lycomings. durable and best selling Rubbers made. times a complete line of Lycoming and Keystone Rubbers; also Woonsocket Boots. We are here to serve you. All orders will receive our careful attention. sit + £ é mga teonimane pH 18 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE BOOK TRADE. Improved Conditions Under the Net Price System. A distinguished librarian, who has been a pioneer of progress in the library movement, has recently suggested the propriety of abolishing bookstores and allowing public librarians to receive or- ders and forward them to the publish- ers. If the distinguished gentleman did not have in view visions of personal gain for public librarians, he should have carried his philanthropic sugges- tion further and proposed to abolish both booksellers and librarians and to allow the public to procure their books directly from the publishers, thus sav- ing that moiety of gain that would be made by either in return for the service rendered. It can not be supposed that so able and conscientious an administra- tive officer ever contemplated main- taining an extra corps of assistants, at an extra expense to the municipality or to those liberal benefactors who have endowed public libraries, in order that opulent citizens may still further in- dulge their tastes by purchasing larger private libraries, without paying the small commission or profit that is usual- ly allowed to retail booksellers. On the other hand, if this proposal -was made for the purpose of allowing jibrar- ies maintained by taxing the munici- pality to engage in gainful occupation, this is carrying the Socialistic idea further than even our Populistic friends have ever yet proposed. However, inasmuch as this question has been raised, we are bound to treat it from an economic point of view. The question is, ‘‘Shall the bookseller be abolished and his office merged into that of the librarian, and can the librar- ian perform the offices of the book- seller?’’ No one has ever questioned the value of the public library, from the burning of the Alexandrian Library to the pres- ent day. The value ofa iibrary asa librarium or storehouse for the perma- nent preservation of books has always been manifest. Again, the public library gives a larger opportunity and a wider range than are possible in the private collec- tion, and scholars, authors, historians, and students of all classes are daily made grateful to the trained, profes- sional librarian, who has so classified the contents of the library as to make the whole available ata moment’s no- tice. Still another inestimable feature of the public library is that it maintains a public reading room for children as well as adults. Finally, the library furnishes read- ing at home to those who are not yet in a position to become owners of books. The benefit derived from reading of this character is often of questionable value. The habitue of the circulating library makes his selections from misleading or sensational titles. Little care and less intelligence are exercised in choosing either title or author. As a result, librarians are constantly complaining that only the trashiest and most worth- less books are read. But, to continue the argument, sup- pose we abolish the bookseller, as has been proposed. This would not bea difficult matter. Most of them would gladly be ‘‘abolished,’’ if they could sell out their stock for anything near what it cost them. Their profits have been so'reduced by unfair competition that they are not sufficient to pay the cost of doing business. They have been compelled to carry side lines, as Stationery, newspapers, _ periodicals, sporting goods, bric-a-brac and wall paper in order to make a living. By this means they have learned that other lines of merchandise yield a better profit than books. Asa result, most of them ‘have greatly reduced their book stock or entirely abandoned the sale of books and put in more profitable lines of mer- chandise. | To carry the proposition to its con- clusion, suppose we abolish the book- seller.* Can the librarian take his place and send the orders in to the publish- ers? If so, if this is all there is to the bookselling business, why should the publisher pay a commission to the li- brarian for doing what the people could as readily do for themselves? But a general publishing business can not be carried on in this way. Publishers have tried it for years, yet only com- paratively few people are willing to or- or degree of civilization for a given age is marked by the character of the litera- ture the people produce and read, we cannot hope for a golden age in Ameri- can letters unless the present system is reversed. Work of real merit is never done by accident, nor is it the product of mediocre talents. If we are to de- velop a National literature that shall fitly characterize the sterling qualities of the American people in this, the full strength of the early manhood ‘of the Nation; at the time when the Nation has taken its place in the vanguard of civilization ; at the time when the con- sumptive power of the Nation is equal to one-third of that of the entire civ- ilized world; at the time when men of talents and genius are annually earning and expending, for their comfort and pleasure, more munificent sums than were ever lavished on the most opulent princes—I say, if we are to preduce a literature that shall fitly characterize der books that they have not had an op- portunity to examine, and of this class librarians are the most conservative. They, too, want to know what they are buying before they place their orders. Hence this postulate: If the librarian is to succeed the bookseller, he must become a merchant; he must. order stocks of books and take the specula- tive chance of selling them. But the librarian has had no experience or training in merchandising. Can he afford to hazard his own capital in an untried field; can he induce his friends to supply him with capital to invest in a business of which he con- fessedly has no knowledge? It must manifestly be a perversion of the funds of the institution in charge of the li- brarian to invest them ina gainful oc- cupation. Perhaps the most baneful effect of this craze for ephemeral literature is upon the people themselves. As the standard this age of our Nation, we must hold forth such rewards for the pursuit of literature as will attract men of genius, men of the most lustrous talents, men who are the peers of their co-workers in other walks of life. But this will not be possible so long as the present strife to furnish cheap literature to the people continues. It should be observed that the book- seller has not suffered alone in this cheapening process, The publisher has suffered. Within the past few months two names that for a half century were household words—synonyms of all that is excellent in the publishing world— have fallen from their pinnacles of high repute and crumbled in the dust of failure and ruin. Others were approach- ing a crisis. Fortunately one firm stood out so prominently as a_ bulwark of financial strength and security that its President, Charles Scribner, of Charles Scribner’s Sons, could afford to take the initiative in calling for reform. He invited the co-operation of other publishers, and a year ago this month they met in New York and organized the American Pub- lishers’ Association. Their organization now includes practically all of the gen- eral publishers who contribute anything of real value to current literature. The publishers canvassed thoroughly the causes that had led to the decline of the trade, and they appointed a committee to draft reform measures. In reviewing the decline of the trade, two facts stood out so prominently that it was impossible to disassociate them as cause and effect: The 3,000 book- sellers. upon whom as purveying agents the publishers had depended a genera- tion ago had shrunk in number until only about 500 could be counted who were worthy to be called booksellers. The other fact, which doubtless made quite as deep an impression upon the minds of the publishers, was that the long line of books, on each of their published catalogues, was practically dead. Those books of high standard character, by eminent authors, books that for years had had a good annual sale, no longer moved. These standard books have been a large source of rev- enue to publishers and their authors for many years. But now, so few of them are sold,that it hardly pays the publish- ers to send their travelers over the road. From the character of the reform measures adopted by the American Pub- lishers’ Association, which went into effect May 1, it is evident that the pub- lishers have determined to restore the old-time bookseller. This can be done only by the publishers enforcing ‘the maintenance of retail prices. On the other hand, the nearly 800 members of the American Booksellers’ Association have entered into a mutual agreement to push with energy the sale of the books of all publishers who co- operate with them for the maintenance of retail prices and not to buy, nor put in stock, nor offer for sale the books of any publisher who fails to co-operate with them. This is substantially the Same system that was adopted in Ger- many in 1887, in France a few years later and in England in 1900. The effect of this system in Germany has been to lift up the trade from a con- dition even more deplorable, if pos- sible, than that into which it has fallen in this country, and to make it a pros- perous and profitable business. It has proved beneficent and satisfactory, not only to dealers and publishers, but also to authors and to the reading public, for every city, town, and village in Ger- Many now sustains a book shop that carries a fairly representative stock of books, so that the people are able to examine promptly every book, as soon as it comes from the press, and the authors are sure of having their books promptly submitted to the examination of every possible purchaser. The results in France and England are equally encouraging, and it is be- lieved that as soon as the American sys- tem is fully understood and as soon as enough books are included under the net price system, so that a bookseller can once more make a living on the sale of books, many of the old-time booksellers will again put in a stock of books and help to re-establish the book trade in America. W. Millard Palmer. ———>2.____ A genius is a man who, when he acci- dentally says a good thing, can make his hearers believe it was intentional, IicdcIedeledlelelededede The Flour That Sells The real value of any flour---the profit either to you or to your customers---depends upon its baking qualities. If it will make the lightest, whitest and most nutritious bread, it will please your trade. Pillsbury’s Best Flour does this. It will please your trade and help you on other lines. It is the King of all Family Flours. Dealers and public have been testifying to its merits now for 30 years. If our salesman does not call on you, write us for quotations on carload or less quantity. = Pillsbury-Washburn Flour Mills Co., Ltd. Michigan Branch, 413 Michigan Trust Building, Grand Rapids. J. P. McGAUGHEY, Manager wIicIeICewIcIswdIcIeIcIsIeIeIe Ne IP OR FR RR ee PF FE AE AP IP AER EAE So ea PEt SABA ep 20 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GREATER GRAND RAPIDS. Interurban Railways the Greatest Factor in Its Advancement. The growth and development of the city of Grand Rapids and the territory tributary thereto is a practical business proposition which has had the best thought of the progressive and active citizens of this busy manufacturing city since the time of its foundation; and any movement, whether of a business nature or otherwise, which has tended to build up and make stronger the city of our business and homes has met uni- versally with the hearty support of the strong men who have made Grand Rapids what it is and who are still aid- ing and abetting with their time, their money and their brains to make in the next decade a new and Greater Grand Rapids. All honor and respect is due to the sturdy pioneers who more than fifty years ago established the village of Kent, on the site of which stands to-day the busy mart of Grand Rapids, with its hundreds of factories, its numberless schools and churches, its many chari- table institutions and its thousands of homes. Those pioneers did their work in their time, ably and well. May we of this twentieth century and electrical age do our work as well and ably and, in so doing, do our full duty to our fel- low men, our families and the commu- nity in which we live! Less than sixty years ago, the only communication which existed between Grand Rapids and the outside world was by the overland stage coach. Every day, in and out of Grand Rap- ids in all directions, came and went the old-fashioned stage coach, over the different roads radiating out of the then village of Grand Rapids. The only other means of communication—and it was a great one—was by the steamboats which plied upon Grand River between Grand Rapids and Grand Haven and between this point and Ionia. A trifle over fifty years ago, the first locomotive engine pulled into Grand Rapids, and up to that time its only means of reaching the outside world was by the stagecoach and the steam- boat. There was no other way of com- municating with the rest of the world except by the mail route, with postage at the rate of 12% cents. The change which has been effected in the mode of communication between men within that short period is best il- lustrated by some one who wrote the following : Time was when one must hold his ear Close toa serene voice to hear, Like deaf men nigh and nigher; But now from town to town he talks, And puts his nose into a box, And whispers through a wire. But the change which has been made in the mode of communicating one’s thoughts is not more wonderful than that which has been wrought in the mat- ter of transportation. No man twenty years ago would have had the hardihood to say that within a quarter of a century cars would be climbing up Lyon and Bridge street hills without any apparent motive power other than that which makes it easy for us to ‘‘whisper through a wire’’ from Grand Rapids to New York and the other large industrial and financial centers of the country; but, by the ingenuity of that wonderful product of the New World, ‘‘the Ameri- can,’’ that something which we know so little of and which is called electric- ity, to-day permits men to accomplish what to our forefathers would have been pronounced preposterous and which even to men of the present gen- eration would have seemed ridiculous less than a quarter of a century ago. Your cars move up Lyon and Bridge street hills, at a grade of nearly 10 per cent:, loaded down with people travel- ing to their respective homes, and what before the age of electricity was abso- lutely impossible for want of the proper motive power is to-day a very simple proposition. The same wonderful force carries passengers in palatial cars up the mountain sides of the West and the steep grades of the various hillside cities of this and. other lands; and 1 have no doubt that this wonderful force, which is still in its infancy, can and will, through the ingenuity of the Amer- ican, be used to accomplish yet greater things and more than has yet been dreamed of by the mind of man. The electric car in the city has been the greatest factor in the development admonition of such a foolish proposi- tion; yet within this decade we have seen our neighboring city of Detroit penetrated by seven distinct and separ- ate electric interurban lines, devélop- ing the metropolis of the State and the adjacent territory contiguous thereto, to a greater extent in the same length of time than ail other forces combined have ever done. What is true of De- troit is also true of such towns as To- ledo, Columbus, Cincinnati, Milwau- kee and hundreds of other cities throughout the nation. Nor has this wonderful force been confined to the de- velopment of the cities and towns of our country alone; it has reached, through the push, business ability and energy of the ‘‘American,’’ to the remotest corners of the earth. France, Germany, Great Britain and even Greece are now being invaded by American capital and brains, and thus the wonderful develop- ment and progress of this electrical age of the centers of population that has ever been known. By this means of quick transportation and cheap fares men of small and limited means have been en- abled to own their own homes in the great majority of cases, especially in this, our beautiful city ; because it- has extended the limits of the city and made it possible for the man earning small wages to buy at a reasonable fig- ure a home of his own. Some years ago a progressive Ameri- can had the hardihood to suggest that electric lines for the transportation of passengers, freight and express, doing an interurban business, would not only pay handsomely those who invested their money in such enterprises, but would be great factors in the develop- ment of our large cities and the towns tributary and adjacent thereto. This idea was ridiculed by practical traffic men, and the wise men of the conserva- tive business world shook their heads in are awakening all Europe in wonder and amazement. The benefits to be derived by Grand Rapids from interurban railways and the towns through which the lines will pass, together with the territory adjac- ent to them, are so great and manifold that it is impossible, in an article short as this must necessarily be, to go into details. Suffice to say, no other factor, save perhaps the improvement of Grand River, will do so much toward the im- provement and building up of Greater Grand Rapids than the system of inter- urban railways which has so recently been commenced here. The extending of the limits of the city of Grand Rap- ids for fifty miles in every direction, as the building of these lines will do, must necessarily be of immeasurable benefit to every one interested in the city, directly or indirectly ; because the building of these lines for a distance of fifty miles or more in every direction out of the city, with their quick service, cheap fares and accessibility for passen- ger and freight traffic will necessarily stimulate business and travel; and Grand Rapids, being the metropolis of Western Michigan, must, in the very nature of things, be greatly benefited by this close connection with the terri- tory tributary to it. While figures are dry, yet in this con- nection I want to call attention toa few, which will substantiate what I say. As an evidence of the manner in which these lines stimulate traffic, it appears that the average earnings, per mile, annually of the steam roads of the coun- try amount to $1,674, and that of inter- urban roads, per mile, average annually about $3,800, or nearly 2% times as much. The report of the Interstate Commerce Commission shows that the average cost of operation of the steam roads of this country in 1900 was 64.6 per cent. of their gross earnings; while the average cost of the operation of the interurban electric lines was 54 per cent. only of their gross earnings. Some interurban roads have a much larger earning capacity than that above mentioned; for instance, the Union Traction Co., of Indiana, earns $4,884 per mile for passenger traffic, and the Northern Ohio Traction Co. shows an earning capacity of $5,220 per mile for passenger traffic; and while the Big Four Railroad, which parallels the line of the Union Traction Co., has an op- erating expense of 69.9 per cent. of its gross earnings, the Union Traction Co. is operated at a cost of only 51.9 per cent. of gross earnings, or nearly 20 per cent. less. With such a difference in parallel lines, in the cost of operation, and their earning capacity, there can scarcely be a question as to the future of the electric lines. In the matter of fares the interurban road carries its passengers for nearly 50 per cent. less than the steam roads and gives its service much oftener than the steam road can. As an instance of this, the Detroit, Ypsilanti & Ann Arbor, from Ann Arbor to Detroit, charges only 50 cents, while the Michi- gan Central, which this interurban road parallels, charges $1.20. This is one of the best interurban roads in the coun- try and is owned and operated by one of the gentlemen interested with the writer in the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven & Muskegon Railway. The Toledo, Fremont & Norwalk line, running from the city of Toledo to Norwalk, built last year by Westing- house, Church, Kerr & Co., the con- tractors and engineers now building the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven & Mus- kegon Railway, charges for its fare from Toledo to Norwalk only 90 cents, while the fare on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, which this road parallels for the same distance, charges a fare of $1.60. These facts immedi- ately demonstrate to anyone how these interurban roads increase, build up and multiply traffic over the old methods of transportation, and the reason for this large increase in the moving of the population by means of the new method is apparent when we consider the cheap rates, frequent service and the pleasure it is to ride on a first-class, well- equipped electric line, without dust, noise or dirt, as compared with the old method of transportation, with its smoke, cinders and noise, All of these interurban roads are now being closely combined together, and are extending their usefulness and con- tributing to the welfare of the country ‘MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 21 aS The State Bank 2 we vi of Michigan “KG Capital, $150,000.00 Surplus, $65,000.00 SS 4 The bank that is favored by depositors to-day. Highest rates. Courteous treatment. Customers | , who desire to open an account by mail, either com- Ce i) mercial or savings, will find here the bank they 5\() desire. Deposits of one dollar or more will be re- 9 A es ived in the Savi D t t > ceived in the Savings Department. Q = 2 38 3 3% per cent. interest paid FA Dy De on savings deposits. ( \F & ey By A a S ws DANIEL McCOY, President “ G) EDWARD LOWE, Vice President Or CS: M. H. SORRICK, Cashier 57 Gr 2 De || WS feeeecececececcccceceeececceececcececcececceccececeececeee’ ; 22 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN which they develop by the extension and consolidation of their lines.’ As an illustration of this, one is now akle to go by means of the interurban road from Port Huron in this State through Michigan and across the State of Ohio nearly to the borders of Pennsylvania, a distance of 360 miles. In the East one can go from New York to Boston, by way of Hartford, over electric lines, with the exception of about 28% miles, which is connected by steam road. One can go from Hartford to New York over electric lines, a distance of 143 miles, the actual running time being a little over eleven hours, the fare over all the lines being $1.96, with the exception of about twenty miles connected by a steam road; or you can go from Hartford to Boston,a distance of about 130 miles, on the electric lines, save about 8% miles of steam road connection, ina little less then twelve hours for $1.66. The frequent service and cheap fares afforded to the public by electric lines are strong factors in the stimulation of passenger traffic. This is further illus- trated by the fact that people ride on the steam roads when low rates of fare pre- vail, and were these low rates of fare to continue the year around, they would ride more, but otherwise they will not. When low rates of fare prevail, the vil- lager comes to the centers of population oftener; the farmer visits his village store more frequently; the man having a general store in a village is compelled by the education that frequent travel gives to a community to better his stock of goods and make his place of business more attractive and in other ways make it pleasant for the people who do busi- ness with him; and this has always been the result of the building of inter- urban roads in all the centers of popula- ‘tion, the towns adjacent thereto and connected therewith, and the surround- ing country. The big town is benefited and all the towns on the line, as well as the country through which the line passes, which is also benefited by the largely enhanced value of real estate; and what has been and is true of all other cities and towns throughout the United States which have the benefit of interurban electric lines, will be true of Grand Rapids. As the interurban line for Grand Rapids is only another way of extend- ing the city limits, we can not have too many means of transportation for bring- ing into the city all the good people along the lake shore, extending from the Straits on the North to Chicago on the South and on the East to Lansing and Detroit. Manufacturers, wholesalers, jobbers and merchants generally in our city who have given any attention to the matter know and realize full well the great ben- efits to be derived from cheap freight rates; and our people generally should know and realize that the rate charged for the carriage of freight can either make or break any city on the conti- nent. No city ever prospered or became great in a manufacturing or commercial sense except where it was able to ob- tain cheap transportation. Chicago, which was a mere hamlet a few years before the rebellion, has astonished the world by its wonderful growth and de- velopment, solely and wholly because it was located where cheap transportation for its freight traffic was inevitable, the steamship and railroad lines coming in close competition and Chicago receiving the benefit of this competition; and, largely from this cause, Chicago in less than fifty. years has taken the place and ranks as the second city in the New World. As the interurban lines have so ma- terially reduced the cost of passenger traffic, can any one fora moment seri- ously doubt that, as the freight business on these lines increases and is taken up generally by the management of the interurban roads, the freight rate will not be decreased in proportion as the passenger rates have been; and as the electric lines are consolidated and made long distance, all cities, and par- ticularly Grand Rapids, will be bene- fited largely and materially by the less- ening of the freight rates, which is now one of the crying needs of this town? The reducing of freight rates for Grand Rapids is one of the things that has got to come, and the interurban line is one of the means which will bring it about, and nothing is so much needed as this one factor in the building up of Greater Grand Rapids. It has been predicted that within the present decade we will have high speed through electric interurban lines con- necting all the important cities of the world. Even now in Germany the Kaiser has given the sanction of the imperial government to a high-grade, high-speed interurban electric military line, upon which they hope to cover the wonderful distance of 125 to 150 miles in an hour. Every citizen of Grand Rapids inter- ested in its welfare whether as mer- chant, manufacturer or otherwise will be either directly or indirectly benefited by the interurban roads coming in here. Our town will be largely increased in population and we will be brought into closer connection and daily communion with the citizens, not only of the vil- lages and towns along the line, but the country as well, for a distance of many miles in every direction. The city will help the small town, and the small towns, in turn, will help the city. Their relations are mutual, and every city, village and hamlet connected by the interurban line will be immeas- urably ‘benefited by it. To-day Coopers- ville, on the line of the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven & Muskegon Railway, which road is almost ready to turn its wheel over its entire line, has seen the benefit which these lines are to the towns through which they pass. As an illustration of this, Coopersville was never so prosperous as it is to-day, never had so much ready money, and there is not a vacant house in the vil- lage. Fruitport, where the power house and car barns of this road are located, can not take care of the people brought in there by the interurban road. Board is as high as it is in Grand Rapids and rents are equally as high; and both this town and Coopersville, and all the other towns along the line, as soon as this road is completed, will feel the benefit and stimulus of it; and what is true of the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven & Muskegon Railway is true of all other good lines entering Grand Rapids from any direction. Grandville and Jenison are a further illustration of what inter- urban roads are doing, as both of these towns are entering on an era of great prosperity, due largely to the interur- ban road, the Grand Rapids & Holland Rapid Railway passing through them. However, all of our people are not aware, as yet, of the great benefit these roads will be to Grand Rapids, for the reason that they have not given the sub- ject much thought, not being directly interested, but as the large passenger cars commence to pass through our streets with passengers every hour of the day stepping from them from all the: surrounding country, all intent upon business or pleasure and all necessarily spending more or less money, the pulse of the city will quicken and our people will then generally realize in a sub- stantial way the great benefits they are to receive from these lines. These projects are undoubtedly en- titled to the hearty support and best wishes of all of our people,and I do not doubt but what they have them. I have never known Grand Rapids not to re- spond in a substantial manner to any and all projects which have for their purpose the betterment of the commu- nity ;and I know that, as our people be- come better acquainted with this new and wonderful means of communication with the outside country, it will meet with their hearty endorsement. Let us all encourage and help along all good interurban projects, and anything else which will tend to better our city, to build up and expand and make ‘‘Greater Grand Rapids.’’ Thomas F. Carroll. 6 Making the Dried Fruit Department Pay. Dried fruit is one of the particular items in a grocery stock that ought to be looked after with greater care than any other. Properly conducted, the dried fruit department should be a source of profit and a trade winner. If neglected there is nothing to lose money on quicker, or which will result in trade being driven away sooner, This question might be divided into three different parts: Buying, display- ing and selling. : In buying the merchant should study the wants of his customers. If you have a demand for high class goods, buy ac- cordingly; if for the lower priced, try and educate your trade to use the best. It will please your cistomers better and bring you better returns. I would advise buying goods in orig- inal packages as much as_ possible. Most jobbers fut up what they style the very finest goods in twenty-five pound boxes. These packages make poor pur- chases for several reasons. In the first place you do‘not like to empty the box to ascertain if you have received full weight. This would spoil the good looks of the package. As a result you always lose from one-half to one pound weight on every such package. I do not suppose it is intentional that these packages should fall short, but I have never yet found one that held out in weight. Furthermore, you are usually asked to pay from % to I cent more per pound for goods in this kind of a package. Every jobber puts a higher price on his private brand. By buying in the original package the seller can afford to make you a better price, which is within reason. Do not pay for 80 pounds of peaches if the sack only contains 79 pounds. It looks small, but you are obliged to sell three or four pounds of the goods first to make up the shortage in weight, before you can begin to make your profit. Make it a strict rule to always weigh your purchases. This will apply to all lines of goods. Many merchants do not do this, but they would be surprised to know how much money they give away each year as a consequence—enough to pay for a trip to Buffalo. For displaying dried fruit, if your store is not equipped with special cases for the purpose, I know of nothing better than to dump the goods into clean bushel baskets, displaying the same on a stand or table well raised from the floor. Turn the goods over often, from one basket into another, every day, if possible. It will make them look fresh and new always, and do not forget to have a canvas to cover them up with while you sweep and dust. Jn selling dried fruit it is a good idea to make the price at so many pounds for the dollar, Give your customer an extra pound when buying a dollar’s worth at one purchase. You can afford to do this rather than to sell goods in one or two- pound lots. 1f you sell a customer a dollar’s worth of prunes at one time, you will feel as- sured that she will not buy any prunes from your competitor across the way for some time,and that is what competition means—you to sell all you can. See to it that you get your share of your com- petitor’s business. You may be sure that he is looking out for himself in the same manner. There should be hon- esty but no sentiment in business. . A nicely printed price card should be put in each basket, showing the number of pounds of fruit for a dollar. A price card is a silent salesman, selling the goods while you wait on the other fel- low. Do not allow a few pounds of odds and ends of your dried fruit stock to accumulate on your hands. Close them out at cost, or, if necessary, at a little less, and do not carry dried fruit over into the summer season. It is better to sell what is left very cheap, without a profit, or even ata small loss. If you have had a good dried fruit trade dur- ing the past season you can afford to do this better than to have the goods get wings and legs and walk away from you.—B. T. Monson, in Commercial Bulletin. . ——_~>2.___ Don’t Hold Another Man’s Letters. Those of us who are so unfortunate as to have names not out of the ordinary have suffered from the annoyance of having our letters delivered to persons bearing similar names; and often letters intended for one firm are delivered to another having a name nearly in com- mon. As a rule, it is the carelessness of a clerk which is responsible for the delay in the letter reaching its proper desti- nation, but sometimes the delay is in- tentional. No matter what the cause, a precedent is established in the case of Cohen vs. Cohen recently decided by the Texas Court of Civil Appeals for re- covering damages for delay on the part of the receiver of an erroneously deliv- ered letter in its transmission to the party for whom it was intended. A certain A. Cohen, of San Antonio, Tex., should have received a letter ad- dressed to him referring to the sale of some real estate at Houston. Another A. Cohen got the letter and was the cause of several days’ delay in having it reach the proper addressee, who in the meantime lost an opportunity to sell his property. He thereupon brought a suit against the wrong A. Cohen, winning his case in the lower court, which judgment was affirmed on appeal, on the ground that under section 3892 of the Revised Stat- utes the appellant owed a duty to the appellee not to obstruct his mail, and that by failing promptly to return the letter he had violated that duty and was liable for the damages approximately resulting therefrom, 2s The trouble with a great many men is that you can’t depend on what ‘they. say. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WM. H. ANDERSON, President JOHN W. BLODGETT, Vice Pres. UNITED STATES DEPOSITARY. DIRECTORS Geo. P. Wanty, G. K. Johnson, A. D. Rathbone, Wm. H. Anderson. John W. Blodgett, C. Bertsch, W. H. Gay, JOHN A. SEYMOUR, Cashier LAVANT Z. CAUKIN, Ass’t Cashier ateoste: THE .de.3 FOURTH NATIONAL BANK OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Statement of Condition at Close of Business Oct. 26, 1901. RESOURCES. Loans and Investments........ ee OS) Bends ee remus on U.S Bones: o.oo ee Banking House, Furniture and Fixtures........... Gash on Hand and in Banks ei fai 773,149 93 $3,173,935 84 LIABILITIES. ee ee ere ta cl sly et aia ial a etal aia eer ala $ 300,000 00 Suirpins and Undivided Protits eo ee 109,376 56 CPEMIALIOH Se 200,000 00 Certificates of Deposits. ..0000 24.0 las $ 869,942 75 Commercial DEpOsits 1,694,616 53 Total Depesiis. 220 ss a foe. o ee $1,761,285 91 Sa 550,000 00 oe eee ee 18,000 00 eee ae 71,500 00 eee gi 2,594,559 28 Wm. Sears, S. M. Lemon, A. G. Hodenpyl, $3,173,935 84 Choice new cake. ferent flavor. eating. ~ EDEN” A ditf- Very fine Has the charac- teristic good features which Sears Bakery alone pro- duce. About 25 to pound in cans and small boxes. Send for sample. Remember “Seymour But- ter,” the cracker which never disappoints. Sears Bakery Grand Rapids For Men, Women, Misses and Children. a Fabrics: Cotton, Merino and All Wool. 2 Embodying Style, Weight, Fit and Finish. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Samuel S. Walker, Pres. and Gen. Mgr. Austin Walker, Vice Pres. Geo. T. Kendal, Sec’y and Treas. Established 1882. Our Union Suits. Are to-day recognized as the proper ap- parel for underwear, giving warmth and ‘ comfort to the wearer and added grace to the figure. Our range of qualities is sufficiently large to meet the requirements of all classes. Our cheaper qualities are finished and shaped with the same care and precision given the higher grades. Our two-piece garments for ladies, misses and children are equally as good and give universal satisfaction. We give herewith an accurate system of measurement for the benefit of those de- Siring to give special orders. Ask Your Dealer or Address Us. STAR KNITTING WORKS DIRECTIONS for ORDERING Chest Measure To be taken under arm pits. Waist Measure Around the body above the hip bones. Sleeve Measure From center of back across bent elbow to the wrist. Inseam Measure From crotch to ankle. Full Length Measure From shoulder to ankle. WE CAN FIT ALL SIZES. 4] ql ai] a Rs q seeps se fossat lies seas 24 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE BUSINESS COLLEGE. Cannot Remedy Defects of Early Educa- tion and Environment, Whether the business world has or has not changed its attitude towards the business college, the writer of this arti- cle does not pretend to say. The fact that the number of business colleges has increased rapidly during the past twenty-five years indicates that some- body has faith in them. Beyond a doubt a very large number of the graduates of these so-called colleges do enter the business world. It is also true that a large number of these graduates who have entered the world of business tes- tify to the value of their previous train- ing. Still there are a large number of first-class business men who feel that the business college is without a mis- sion. Doubtless this feeling is in many cases well grounded. Not infrequently, the business college manager and his corps of teachers are ignorant of the fundamental principles of twentieth century business demands. They admit anybody and everybody to their courses of study. The result is that a large number of young men who graduate from these institutions find themselves incapable of meeting the demands of the business world. Meeting with dis- appointment they throw the entire blame upon the business college. The employer joins them in the same kind of condemnation. Higher institutions of learning have discovered this condi- tion of things and have made an at- tempt to offer a better product. These higher institutions propose to do this by giving the student a broader and more extensive training. Beyond a doubt, this is a good sign of the times. The time has gone by when men who can not read and write, men who are not familiar with the source of the prod- ucts they handle, men who are not fa- miliar with the laws of trade can, with a few dollars, engage in business and accumulate a fortune. The day has gone by when ignorance can occupy a high place in any calling. Notwithstanding the advice of Carnegie and Schwab, the business world to-day is swift to admit that an education that introduces the voung man to himself, that enables the young man to make a correct inventory of his own mental resources and liabili- ties is of infinite value in any calling. It is difficult, however, to convince young men.that this truth must be _ rec- ognized. The majority of young men love position, power and wealth. At the same time, they are not willing to pay the price. The truth of the matter is the business college of to-day is as good an institution as the people are willing to pay for. They forget that this is the twentieth century. Too many of them are living in the first part of the cen- tury that has just closed. Fathers and mothers recognize the fact that their boys are reading the news- - papers and magazines only to be made restless and ambitious. Their boys are trying to get away from the farm and the shop. They read flaming advertise- ments from various business colleges and conclude that there is a royal road which, if pursued, will lead away from routine and drudgery. Parents select the school that will turn out a full- fledged business man in from three to six months. They seem to think that the quality of the grain that is brought to the mill should have no bearing upon the quality of the product that is ground out. At least two things are necessary in order to bring about a change in these conditions: First, parents must recog- nize that a business training can be of little or no value to the boy who has little or no natural business ability. Business men are born not made. It is quite necessary, however, that they be- born first and in the making some at- tention must be given to foundation work, No boy should be allowed to enter any business college who is not master of the essentials of a high school course of training, not of a high school course that is a feeder to a college or univer- sity. The young man, on entering the business college, should possess a work- ing knowledge of English. That is to say, he should be able to speak and write forceful English. He should be rapid and accurate in arithmetic. He should be an easy, rapid, legible, busi- ness penman. He should be familiar with the geography and history of his own country and, so far as possible, he ity to carry on his own business success- fully. He knows that it has taken years for him to acquire a fair degree of skill. When the business college recognizes that a young stripling from the country or a rejected student from the city high school can not, from the very nature of the twentieth century demands, com- plete a business course in three months, the business college will cease to be an institution that excites laughter and con- tempt. Better to throw a young man who has ‘‘gumption’’ and who possesses a thorough high school training into a whirlpool of business and expect him to come out triumphant than to throw a business college graduate who is ignor- ant of common affairs into a smooth flow- ing river of business and expect him to even make a respectable ‘‘floater.’’ For the well equipped candidate, one year in a business college is _ little enough time. If, poor as they are, business colleges have a mission, what ° should know something of the history of the world. He should be master of the elements of modern science and know something of practical economics. With such preparation he could find a busi- ness college that would give him an in- valuable training in the science of ac- counts and the science of business. On the other hand, managers of busi- ness colleges ought to demand that every student be prepared for entering upon this special course. So long as the managers of business colleges put a premium upon ignorance in order to collect a few dollars of tuition, they must be content with the censure that first-class business men are prone to in- flict. If a young man can not speak English or write English, if the candi- date has little or no general knowledge, he should be told plainly that he is on the wrong road. Furthermore, the business man knows the price that he has paid for his abil- might they accomplish if they would only recognize these higher demands? What an inspiration would come to the business colleges if the business world would discriminate and give proper recognition to those institutions that are working vigorously to approach twen- tieth century ideals. The business col- lege should be made a_ professional school. The ‘high schools can do mucb toward helping along this good work, but there is still a field for the progress- ive business college. There are few business colleges in the larger cities of the United States that command the ad- miration of the business world. No longer does even the brilliant can- didate read medicine in an office with a view to becoming a full-fledged physi- cian. Twentieth century science de- mands that the candidate graduate from a professional school and, therein, be- come familiar with every phase of the well-equipped laboratory. Likewise, in the business world,there ought to be the demand that the candidate for specialty work have a broad and well-equipped training. In conclusion, let the young man who wishes to economize in time and strength consider the importance of giv- ing himself the elements of a liberal education. Then, if he is convinced that he has business talent, let him se- lect a business college that gives a legitimate course of business training. Second, let the business college recog- nize the qualities that are involved in our demands upon the candidate. Let the business college offer not less than one year of thorough specialty training in the science of accounts and the science of business. Third, let the cap- tains of industry recognize that trained men are the cheapest men; in other words, that they give larger returns for the large salaries that they ought to command. Let the business world wise- ly determine their own needs and insist that these demands be made by the _ in- stitutions that profess to give business training. W. N. Ferris. —> 2. —___ The Short Skirt. The American woman has the satis- faction of setting a fashion now and then, even in Paris itself. The latest blessing she has conferred upon the French woman is the short walking skirt. During the Exposition the Parisian women cast envious eyes at the Ameri- cans. Nine out of ten of the latter wore walking skirts. They shared the dis- tinction with the English women; but with all true cousinly affection for the English it must be said that ‘‘their fig- ures are not our figures nor their walk- ing skirts our walking skirts.’’ In fact, the look of longing which would creep into a French woman’s face when she saw an American girl in golf skirt and trim shoes would fade into a Nay nay Pauline, expression when jshe caught sight of a lank English woman bearing down upon her. The Paris papers took up the skirt question and seemed to promise that the short skirt would be worn by French women before the summer was over. But the Parisians are prone to regard any foreign fashion with suspicion. They are buying no pigs in pokes. So the Exposition shut its gates and yet the short skirt remained the sign of Americanism. The only encouraging thing was the appearance in the shape of the double- faced cloths for the making of these skirts. Even then the tailors did not know how to handle them. They talked about linings and gave estimates on a suit with silk lining or with a cotton one! But at last the inevitable has hap- pened. The Parisian woman has yielded to temptation. A Paris fashion corres- pondent writes: Coats are much stitched and the skirts of walking dresses are being made shorter; in fact, to show the foot. There have been no end of talk here about the length of the gowns worn in the street and much uncertainty as to what would be adopted ; but it is now beyond dis- pute that all really smart people wear their walking gowns well off the ground. 2s >—____ For Anonymous Letter Writers. Don’t fail to tell the editor you are going to quit taking his paper. Don’t neglect to Say you whereof you speak.’’ Don’t forget to declare that you expect he ‘‘will be too cowardly to print this."’ Don’t waste time trying to disguise your handwriting. Nobody will bother over it. **know MICHIGAN TRADESMAN We WR Ws. (war ar, a ao. ar as, or. wo A Best Values — for the Least Victory is on the side of the army with the heaviest artillery---of the re- tailer who buys best values for the least money. Loosen yourself from those old, unprofitable connections. Untie yourself, anyhow, long enough for us to talk to you. You are a dealer in the fight with other dealers, aren't you? You want to carry the fight into the enemy's camp. Wantto be able to cut prices with a smile while the rival gets desperate. All depends how close to value you can buy. You must get the same value for less than your rival does. Price! That’s rarely the first consideration. The best for their money 1s what most men want. Pan American Guaranteed Clothing is the kind that fits. The better a man’s clothes fit the longer they'll fit. The better they look the longer they'll wear. Before looks and fit there’s something more important ---material. The life of every garment depends upon the quality of the goods, the wool, the weave and the color fastness. Where to get the goods, the right house to deal with. These are questions which worry every thinking dealer--- the kind of a dealer who is progressing. Try Wile Bros. & Weill, Makers: of Pan American Guaranteed Clothing, Buitalo, PD. Y. Detroit office in charge of IN. J. Rogan, 19 Kanter Building wR WHR WH WH WHR Wn. Wn OH Wr wo. WA SEB BBB OS. ww DB BPE j s é 26 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WHOLESALE GROCERY TRADE. Marked By Gradual Improvement in Every Department. A review of the wholesale grocery business of Michigan for the past twenty years, or since your valuable journal first came before the public, would call for an article too long for this occasion. The growth and influ- ence of this particular line of distribu- tion have been fully commensurate with the development of other branches of industry in our commonwealth. The number of wholesale grocery houses is increasing from year to year as the growth of different sections of the State seems to warrant. The establishment of each new wholesale grocery house of course means a certain amount of loss of sales to the older houses, but in this democratic country, where ‘‘the greatest good to the greatest number’’ should be the motto of every broad-minded business man, it is a cause for congratulation, not for complaint, as some narrow-minded mer- chants seem to consider it. The personnel of the wholesale grocer has advanced with the increase in his business. There is no more intelligent, broad-minded, cultivated, up-to-date set of men engaged in any line of in- dustry than is to be found among the wholesale grocers of our State. The methods of doing business have been entirely changed in the past twenty years. The equality plan, so beneficial alize to the manufacturer, the whole- saler, the retailer and the consumer, is no longer an experiment. Every thoughtful merchant acknowledges its value. While at times some merchant violates his agreement to maintain the ““system'’ and so makes it unpleasant for his competitors, still we must re- member that the ‘‘system,’’ being hu- man, is not perfect and that it is the in- dividual, not the ‘‘system,’’ that is to blame. The establishment of credit, the mak- ing of collections, the terms and dis- counts allowed in selling certain lines of merchandise, have all been improved, but perhaps the improvement in the qualifications of the traveling salesmen is greater and more marked than is any other one adjunct to the business. Char- acter, the only imperishable thing in this world, is the first consideration, among employers to-day. It is right that it should be so. The reputation of the house is in their hands, and it is worthy of passing comment that nowa- days one can form a fair estimate of the house by the conduct and conversation of its representatives. The general profits in the business are not what they used to be, but it is gratifying to know that fewer failures and extensions occur among the whole- sale grocers of the entire country than among a like number of people en- gaged in other lines of industry. No better evidence of the intelligent, watch- ful care of those in charge could be asked for. The tendency of the times is toward consolidation among’ manufacturers. Heretofore competing interests are now brought under one general management. They are erroneously called ‘‘trusts.’? Very few who criticise and denounce them have a clear understanding regard- _ing them. Competition is so sharp and profits so narrow that the greatest econ- omy is essential in all lines of business. The decreased cost of administration is a large sum to be considered. That many individuals are inconvenienced and suffer from the loss of employment, at least temporarily, is true, but when the final results are realized, then the wisdom of the consolidation is plainly seen. The wholesale grocers can secure better profits only by organized efforts. To do this associations are necessary. These exist in most of the states and are very helpful in proportion to the loyalty and fidelity of the individual members. If every merchant would keep his pledges, absolutely, the power and influence of the association would be almost unlimited. Unfortunately, there are merchants who imagine their pros- perity depends upon the magnitude of their sales, and to secure this coveted end they resort to underhanded means to draw away their neighbors’ custom- ers. ‘‘Competition is the life of trade,’’ but the kind of competition that increases the expenses of doing business, out of all proportion to the profits received, must inevitably end in disaster and ruin. efforts to improve the business of our State in all its branches. Giibert W. Lee. —__—_>22—__ Average Cost of Food. ‘‘The average person spends 25 cents a day for food, and any surplus goes for unseasonable or perishable articles of diet,’’ said Miss Helen Louise Johnson, in a lecture before the Brooklyn Insti- tute last week. ‘‘Fifty cents a day for the food of an individual is extrava- gance. Much of the cost of living is incurred for custom's sake. If the girls and boys can be induced to get along without a daily dessert they will be the better for the sacrifice. ‘*Extravagant cooking,’’ Miss John- son said, ‘‘is far easier than making simple preparations delicious. It is an art to make baked beans so toothsome that everybody will want to eat baked beans every day. . ‘‘In order to make the best of your- In looking back over the past score of | years, and recalling those who have been prominently known in the whole- sale grocery business in Michigan, I must leave it for each one to remember the different men who have passed on to their reward. I think it appropriate that mention should be made of the late Walter J. Gould, of Detroit, and Bernhard M. Desenberg, of Kalamazoo. They were among the oldest and best known of the merchants of Michigan. Both were ag- gressive and progressive—good mer- chants, good neighbors, good citizens, They will long be remembered, as they deserve to be, in the cities where their influences were expended. I am sure the cleanness and intelli- gence of your influential journal have contributed largely to the present favor- able condition of the trade and I am equally sure that the merchants of Mich- igan wish you ‘‘God speed’’ in your self you must be properly fed. In order that your child may be capable of great thoughts and be inspired to great deeds you must learn to feed him right. Food is the only means by which the mental power of man can be sustained, and be- cause of this fact a heavy responsibility rests upon the housewife. There is a best food for each individual—that is, a combination of elements or materials which will enable him to do his best work. There is a best food for children, by means of which they may grow into healthy, active, happy girlhood or boy- hood. ’’ Miss Johnson used the steam engine as an illustration of her subject. ‘‘It is always plain,’’ she said, ‘‘that the en- gine moves by steam generated from heat by burning coal. It is the object of the engineer to feed to his engine that fuel which will burn freely, but not too quickly, and which contains a small amount of stone or ash, Excess of ash clogs the grate and prevents draught. Poor coal limits the efficiency of the engine. To attempt to run the engine with dry leaves would be mani- festly absurd. ‘Food is the fuel for the human en- gine, and such food is required as_ will be freely digested, but not too rapidly assimilated, and which contains only a moderate amount of waste material. The uses of food are threefold—growth, re- pair and energy. For these three pur- poses, different nutritive ingredients are required, and these are classed as pro- teine, fats, carbohydrates and mineral matters. After learning the meaning of these terms and the classification of the different articles of food under them, the next step is to learn how to appor- tion the different food elements in plan- ning a meal. To do this intelligently the percentage composition of the different foods must be learned.’’ Sweet corn soup and fricassed chicken were prepared before the audience. For the first, a pint of canned corn was simmered in one pint of chicken stock until it was sufficiently tender to press through a sieve. Then one pint of milk was scalded, and three tablespoonfuls of butter that had been creamed with two even tablespoonfuls of flour were stirred into it. The corn and liquid were added, and when it came to a boil a half cupful of cream and the yolks of two eggs that had been previously beaten together. Paprika, salt and chopped parsley were added last. **Salt,’’ the speaker said, ‘‘should never be put into any cream sauce un- til just before serving, because if the milk is not perfectly fresh there is dan- ger of its being curdled by the salt. All cream soups should be milled, that is, beaten thoroughly with a Dover egg beater, like chocolate, before sending them to the table.’’ For the chicken fricasse, the bird was cut into eleven pieces—second joints, legs, wings, three pieces of the back and two of the breast. These were first slightly sauted in tried out bacon, and then covered with boiling, unsalted water and simmered until tender. The chicken was removed from the saucepan, and the liquid was strained. Two table- spoonfuls of butter were cooked for four minutes with two tablespoonfuls of flour. Then a pint of the chicken broth and cream mixed was added and stirred until the mixture thickened. The yolks of two eggs were beaten in thoroughly and a little chopped parsley, the salt and paprika were the last in- gredients. Putting the chicken on the platter so that the carver can readily find the different parts without feeling aimlessly around under the sauce for unrecogniz- able portions is not the least important part of the work. This was demon- Strated, the pieces of the back being placed in the center of the platter. At the right side, as it faced the server, the legs were arranged, and at the left the second joints. The wings occupied Conspicuous positions directly at the front, and the breast on the top of the central pieces. The carver should re- ceive a lesson in the arrangement of the platter and the same method should be always employed. st >—_ An Apt Answer. Teacher—How long did it take Julius Caesar to conquer Britain, Tommy? Tommy—I dunno. Teacher—You don’t don’t you know? Tommy—’Cause I wasn’t there, know? Why MICHIGAN TRADESMAN WHOLESALE ONLY FEWELRY AND NOVELTIES RINGS CHAINS BROOCHES CHARMS LOCKETS BUCKLES LINKS CUFF BUTTONS HAT PINS SCARF PINS COLLAR BUTTONS HAIR ORNAMENTS SOLID GOLD OR GOLD SHELL COMBS AND SILVER NOVELTIES. ELEGANT AND COMPLETE LINE. NEWEST STYLES. LATEST IDEAS. THE MOST PROFITABLE LINE YOU CAN HANDLE. Write us for particulars and have our salesmen call and show you our money makers. We will send samples on approval. Every article fully guaranteed. AMERICAN FEWELRY CO., 46, 47, 48 Tower Block, Grand Rapids, Mich. s : ®OO0o National Bank : of Grand Rapids The leading F union made Gives sti \o 10 cent cigar its particular attention in to the ee Michigan. needs of out of town Sold by all dealers. customers. E Se OOOO CAPITAL STOCK, $800,000. B. J. Reynolds eS ee State Distributor, Both Phones 172. Grand Rapids, Mich. rs MICHIGAN TRADESMAN OLD MEXICO. Interesting Features of the Land Beyond the Rio Grande. The first town we came to by daylight was Toreon. The porter had awakened us in time to get off here and get our breakfast. Here we had the first sight of Mexico and the Mexicans. As the train stopped’ we saw three soldiers, two on foot running back and forth be- side the train and one sitting on a horse, watching the movement of all persons. Our first impression was that they were looking for some escaped prisoners or some dangerous persons from the States, but we were informed that there were soldiers at every railroad station to guard us and the train from train rob- bers and bandits. Diaz keeps a good part of his soldiers busy—gives them employment and thus keeps them healthy and happy. As soon as he be- came President he directed his attention to suppressing highway robbers and bandits. He sent for the most noted bandits and had a talk with them: told them that he was going to do away with this brigandage and lawlessness; told them they were too smart and brave for such a calling and offered them a posi- tion in his army, which they readily ac- cepted. He made them officers accord- ing to their ability and fitness and set them to hunting bandits, and to-day Mexico is as orderly and safe as most countries. As we stepped out of the car we were in another world—another country. New and strange scenes greeted our vision. Dark or copper colored men and women were running around with baskets of oranges and other Mexican fruits, or trays of tortillas, tamales dulces and gorditas, trying to sell them to the pas- sengers from the train. The first words that an American learns are, ‘‘Quantro vale?’’ (‘*What is the value?’’) Then he learns ‘‘No ard si,’’ and to count and tell a paso from a real, and he thinks he can talk Spanish. The men wore broad sombreros and white tunics or shirt waists made of white cambric or muslin—the Mexican peon is by sev- eral bundred years the author of the men’s shirt waist craze—and white trousers, or, as they cal] them, panta- loon-es,and sandals made of sole leather and fastened with leather thongs to their naked feet. The women of the laboring class wear a colored waist and skirt. Their head is always bare, also their feet unless they are in little better cir- cumstances, when they wear shoes. Mexican women wear no hats or other headgear than their black tresses or a rebosa. The better class of women sometimes wear over their shoulders a black mantilla (mahn tee-yah) of lace or other fine texture, and occasionally you will see them wear it on their heads. Many persons come to see the Grin- goes (green ones) and they stood back a little, like so many statues. The men were dressed much like the fruit and food venders excepting that in the early morning they wore a blanket of bright colors or a zarape around their shoul- ders. The zarape is for show as well as for warmth and when not needed for warmth they double it up and carry it on the arm or over one shoulder, the ends hanging down in front and behind. It is used mostly by the middle class. The eating house was run by Chinese, as most of the railway eating houses are, We found a good breakfast await- ing us. We here drank the first cup of Mexican coffee. It was good, but we had not yet learned how it should be used and found, to our sorrow, that the coffee was very strong. The usual method is to have the coffee so strong that a spoonful is enough for a cup of coffee. One pours a spoonful of this into his cup and fills the cup with hot milk or hot water as he desires. A lit- tle boy came alongside the train lead- ing a larger one who was blind. He kept calling to us, ‘‘Dadme centavo,”’ and when someone tossed him a penny he said, *‘ Mucha gracios.”’ Our journey south from Toreon lay through a wide sandy valley, large mountain ranges were ever in sight, and in this vast desert scarcely a green thing greeted the eye except a few bushes of greasewood and occasionally a musquite tree. During the day we Saw several droves of goats with one or more peons herding them. Most of the northern part of the republic is dry and infertile. low wells until be waters all his vines. Thus this whole valley is watered. We saw many novel ways of irrigating. At Lake Chapala large wheels carried up cups of water, like the cups that ele- vate flour and grain in a flour mill. There were pegs in the wheel. A peon sitting at the top of the wheel would put his foot on a peg, push it down un- til anotker peg came down to where he could put his other foot upon it, when he pushed this down, etc. The water fell into a wooden flume, or long box, that conducted it to the upper side of his little garden, and he continued to push the wheel until his garden was all irrigated. In another place we saw a mound built up with rock and earth and a burro was on top hitched toa sweep which brought up water from a well beneath. This was carried-in one of these races to the highest point in a Where they get irrigat-| wheat field. From this high point there ing water they make it bloom like a| was a ditch that conducted the water garden. den wealth in these vast mountains, much mining, and this industry has built up many large and interesting cities. We changed cars at Irapuato for Guadalajara. It is said of Irapuato that strawberries are sold to people on the train every day of the year, and such lovely large sweet strawberries, We bought a basket each time we passed through this place. Here we saw the first of their hand power irriga- tion. All over this rich alluvial valley one could see the old-fashioned well- sweeps, with Mexicans pulling down the sweep, then bringing up a bucket of water and pouring it into a trough which leads off to ditches that are at regular distances through the strawberry patches. When the Mexican gets one bed watered he puts the further end of the trough to another ditch and _ contin- ues to draw the water out of these shal- There is a great deal of bid-| clear across the highest side of the field. A peon, with his pants rolled up above the knees, barefooted and barearmed, threw the water with something like an old-fashioned bread trough all over the land for twenty-five feet on each side of the ditch until it was thoroughly wet down. Then he let the water run down to another lateral ditch, and then an- other. The boy ever urged on the pa- tient donkey, the water continued to flow down the ditch, the peon ever kept at work throwing the water with his long wooden bowl. This could only be done where help was plenty and wages 371% cents silver a day. There is no open- ing in Mexico for a Northern laboring man unless he be a technical expert. The plowing is mostly done with wooden plows drawn by oxen. Fora yoke they have a straight stick in front of the ox’s head, lashed with leather thongs around its horns, and the pa- tient, plodding oxen think it a “* good thing’’ and ‘‘push it along.’’ They plow and crossplow until they get the ground pretty well hatcheled up. We noticed many queer-looking stacks of corn stalks in thetrees. They fasten bundles of stalks on top of the lower limbs, going clear around the tree, They put other bundles on to these, mak- ing the center of the tree the center of the stack, adding more and more until they have a stack ‘‘up a tree,’’ out of the reach of the cattle. Very much of the products of the country are brought into the city on the backs of burros. Oranges and other fruits are packed in a sort of wicker basket or box and these, as well as to- matoes, lettuce and all other vegetables and fruits, are often carried in this manner for miles. Small stacks of straw moved quietly along, but as we observed these more closely we could see the lit- tle burro’s feét moving and also his head down under the front edge of the stack, They thus lash straw, corn stalks, etc., and five or six of these patient lit- tle fellows, with a driver, form a moving caravan. They bring wood and char- coal from the mountains, about fifty sticks constituting a burro's load, and selling for about 20 cents our money ; from three to five sacks of charcoal make a load. They transport silver from the mines, sugar from the sugar houses. Sometimes the poor burros’ backs are employed to bring adobe bricks into the city. These are of un- burned clay, with which they build their houses. Water is carried for short distances in large red earthern jugs (allas) on the people’s shoulders. They carry it longer distances in the same large allas, usually four of them placed in a wicker panier, upon the burro’s back. Milk is brought to town in the same way. In some instances a man will come into town on a horse with two or more tin cans full of milk. He rides up in front of a house and strikes the can loudly enough to be heard inside by the lady of the house, who comes out with her measure and gets the milk. When a person lives in the city and has only one or two cows he may be seen leading or driving them through the streets and the maid comes out and milks her measure -full and pays for it. In this instance there is no fear of the milk being watered. Of all the Mexican cities we visited, we found Guadalajara, perhaps, the most interesting. It is the second city in the republic and probably stands first in regard to cleanliness and free- dom from beggars, A stranger is safe within its gates. It is a well governed, orderly city, with many beautiful parks and plazas, a fine market and many at- tractive homes. Mexican homes are usually one story, built around a square or patio, which is filled with beautiful flowers and flowering trees to be found only in these sem!-tropical countries. The Mexican’s house comes clear to the sidewalk. His veranda is inside, out of sight of the idle and curious. When he closes and bars the door to the entrance hallway he bars out the world. Rut in the daytime the wooden door is usually left open and only the barred door is shut and fastened, so any one may look in at the flowers and plants. Out of the ashes of Montezuma’s em- pire there is rising’a great republic— one whose foundation rests on justice and right, whose people are being edu- cated and taught to be good citizens. They are building railroads and manu- factories and school houses. Education is the rule. She has liberty and good order. Her star is rising, prosperity is advancing. The republic has come to Stay, and we welcome her as our friend and neighbor. Adios, Mexico. Oscar F. Conklin, PURITAN GIRL HOROSCOPE A i: W NOVEMBER. This is the most delightful month in the year if you likeit. Weare not just sure which planet is - responsible for the conditions this month, and we wouldn’t tell you if we did, simply because we don’t want you to harbor ill feeling toward any of ‘hem, November people are the most frisky assortment we have. They are usually checked up pretty high and as they go without blinders they see every- thing that’s going on. The men are always bluff- ers in a poker game, and the women are just as nice as they can be. We rather like November people because they never sail under false colors. You should always keep a close watch on the men or women who are continually telling you how good they are. Some of the mean- est men we ever knew are owners of a large size Bagster Bible which they display conspicu- ously on their way to church. November people are what they claim to be, especially the women and you couldn’t get one of them to wear any: thing but a Puritan Corset Waist, _ Style 458. FRISKY PEOPLE. 13 A DEALERS TELL US THIS BOOKLET A\ HAS SOLD MORE CORSETS FOR THEM aN THAN ANY OTHER ADVERTISING x THEY EVER USED. *& & as aE t Puritan Corset Bo LO LL LOLOL LO LA Me LL ML MM Le. Do You Want t Know What the Future Has in Store for You? ERHAPS you were not born in November, some people were not, you may be one of them. Our little booklet has a page for each month in the year, and any dry goods .dealer can obtain a quantity of them for dis- tribution among his trade by writing us to that effect. Of course you will have to buy a few Puritan Corsets, but you ought to have them anyway, whether you have the advertis- ing or not. | We print the dealer’s name on the back of the Horoscope, and in that way it makes the advertising yours. 5St 9 Kalamazoo, Michigan. eee hats Spa abate ga aarp rat i enteditiees a evireee = atest oes Lyope MICHIGAN TRADESMAN RETROSPECTIVE. Standing in the Light of Reflections of the Past. All things have a beginning, a cer- tain period of existence and an ending. Between the beginning and the ending of anything lies its record, which reveals its nature, whether it be good or evil. A tree is judged by the fruit it bears. ‘‘Do men gather figs from thorns or grapes from thistles?’’ When a new thing appears, we can only judge of its future by comparison with similar things. A comparison with dis- Similar things will not furnish data sufficiently reliable upon which to form a judgment—such reasoning would be but wild conjecture. It is only when a thing has had some existence, or has commenced to fulfill its mission, that we are enabled to predict its future with any degree of certainty, and we do this by making ourselves acquainted with its past. Prospect is based on retrospect. We look for the sun to rise in the east to-morrow because we have seen it rise in the east every day in the past. When | was in Eastern Washington twelve years ago, a hot wind blew over the country and burned up the crops. Such a disastrous thing had never hap- pened to the country before, yet the people became panic stricken. They were afraid it might occur again and they all wanted to sell out and leave the country. Prospectors were afraid to buy for the same reason that made the settlers anxious to sell—a fear that what had happened once might happen again. Everything must be viewed in the light reflected by its past, and according to this light will the prospect of its future be cast. Man is no exception to these conditions of being, but before making a general application of my subject to him, 1 wish to request my readers to join me in tendering hearty congratulations to the Michigan Tradesman on its safe and prosperous arrival at the threshold of the nineteenth year of its successful existence. The Tradesman has a history. It has been put on record. It has carved out a name which it must answer to in the years to come. It has a past, and let us sincerely hope it may have a future still more prosperous than its past has been. To-day the Michigan Tradesman stands before the business men of Michigan in . the light reflected by its past eighteen years of existence. Reader, what think you of the retrospect? Does it look pleasing and bright when viewed in this light? If so, your best wishes are for its future prosperity. Has it been of any material benefit to you in the past? Then you will remain loyal to it in the future. Are you new in busi- ness and unacquainted with it? You have no excuse for a doubt; for your predecessors have established its repu- tation. The Tradesman has stood the test of eighteen annual revolutions, and as it enters upon its nineteenth the un- divided good will and support of the mercantile fraternity, wholesale and re- tail, go with it. While you are taking a retrospective view of the Tradesman, think what a wonderfully varied record of events is contained in its office files for the past eighteen years! Bound in volumes and filed away for future refer- ence, what a story they contain! If the business men ever secure a judgment day of their own, these will constitute the books which will be opened on that day. What a record of successes and failures, of ups and downs and ins and outs; of unwise moves and lucky in- * vestments; of blasted hopes and cruel disappointments; of short-sighted and ill-advised adventures; of disreputable practices and crooked methods; of chat- tel mortgages to skin creditors; of as- signments including a few ‘‘traps’’ in sight, but forgetting the cash which was not in sight; of advice unheeded, and of valuable pointers thrown aside and overlooked! There is not a retailer in Michigan who would allow the sub- scription list of the Tradesman for the nineteenth year to stand without his name inscribed thereon, if he would take a retrospective glance at that shown in any one past year’s hound record. May the Tradesman attain the same ratio of increased prosperity for its owners and utility for its readers during its succeeding years, and may every business man in Michigan read it and prosper in his business. We are all anxious to know what are our future prospects for success and everything is turned upside down—ex- cept the right thing--to find out. We overlook the fact, as before stated, that prospect is based on retrospect. We are told that life is too short, the exigencies of the present too urgent, and the future fraught with too great importance to mope over the dead past. This will apply in youth when there is nothing to look at in the past, but it is a fatal mistake on the part of a man of middle age to blot out the past from his book of remembrance. Every man who has measured swords with his fellows in the din of business battle has put his powers and capabilities to the test, a careful record of which has been indel- ibly written on the scroll of departed years. The years pass away, but those individual records remain as lamps to light our footsteps along the pathway of life, and the older we grow the more we need them. They are the lights which enable others to judge our capabilities and predict our future prospects, and why should they not illuminate our own minds as to our capabilities and future prospects? Have we failed so far in the conflict to win success? Let us blunder on no longer. Life may be too short to mope very much over the past, but it is certainly too short to blunder any longer as we have been doing. Let us consider the retrospect and thereby learn something of the prospect before us. Did we try the grocery business when we were young, careless and _ in- experienced, and have age, wisdom and business experience failed to remove the desire to handle codfish, soap and crackers? Then grocery success may be among the possibilities; but, if we did our level best before, and have learned nothing since, it is safe to con- clude that the smell of dried herring and fragrant onions does not agree with us. Did we leave the farm because we got too lazy to ‘‘watch gap?’’ If so there is no use in going back to the farm, for we would find that our old malady had become tenfold more inten- sified. If we find that we have set sail two or three different times in as many different kinds of mercantile craft, each of which went to the bottom, leaving us afloat on the wreckage before we were aware that anything was the matter, we may rest assured that, should we make another venture, our friends would not ship with us. They measure our future chances by our past successes, and it would be the part of wisdom on our part to do likewise. Two or three at- tempts to run a retail store in as many different branches of business, followed by aS many unaccountable and unex- plainable failures, would indicate that the Almighty had made us too loose jointed and sloppy to take care of _the ‘*wees’’ that make the ‘‘muckle’’ ina retail business. This is no reflection on our creation. It only shows that we are intended for another calling in life, and that we sin against the light re- flected by the past when we undertake to keep a retail store. It may be that our lives have been one series of mis- takes and blunders, and that we have made a miserable failure of everything we have undertaken. If such be true, let us examine each case carefully. Where we find inability the cause, lay it to a foolish piece of blundering and avoid a repetition of it; but where neg- ligence or carelessness resulting from loose habits appears to be the cause, one thing is certain—cure the habits; or fu- ture prospects can promise nothing. If bad habits knock a man out in one un- dertaking, they will do so in another. We might as well go down with the burning deck ufon which we stand as to fly to another with a burning brand in our hand. If we find that every at- tempt has met with failure which ap- pears to have been entirely unavoid- able on our part, let us not be discour- aged. It is cowardly to whine. Never give up while life lasts. The most bit- ter pang of hunger is that which im- mediately precedes relief. God helps those who help themselves. To lose heart is to lose the battle before it is fought out. To claim that the fates are against us is to set ourselves up as ‘““hoo-doos’’ and court the everlasting contempt of all practical business men. A closely analyzed retrospect will show that a series of such unavoidable fail- ures is caused by incapacity, incom- petency or uncongeniality, and that an untried field of usefulness is waiting somewhere for the wanderer, where his efforts will be crowned with success, if he does not faint by the wayside. Some men are so constituted that sometimes it is late in life before they succeed in finding their own true love; and, some- times, owing to their faint-heartedness, they never find it. The man who never indulges in retro- spection never knows ‘‘where he is at.’’ The ‘man who never looks back after putting his hand to the plow may main- tain a hold front, but how is he to know what kind of a furrow he is striking? If deep, regular and straight, well and good; but if shallow, uneven and crooked, others know it, while he, poor fellow, remains in blissful ignorance— he never looks back. If the field belong to himself, he may root it up to hisown sweet Satisfaction, but, if it belong to another, he wonders why he loses his job so often, having heard no complaint or received no instructions. If he would only stop and look back, he would see what the matter is. If we could only see ourselves as others see us, what a different opinion some of us would have of ourselves, Old Father Time is dogging our foot- steps continually with his great kodak, taking ‘‘snap’’ pictures of us every moment of our lives, which are photo- graphed and hung up on the walls of his silent corridors for present and future inspection. These corridors are lighted with a pale, ghastly, yet distinct, light. Like that reflected by the moon, it is borrowed. It is the light of departed years, which have disappeared forever below the horizon, reflected on the stony face of the Silent Past. Let us take a walk through these corridors; it will do us good. Do you shudder at the thought of caliing up the past, or is it the great distance through the corridors that dis- courages you? Come, we are only in middle life and will have but half the distance to travel. There they are, ar- ranged in countless numbers of rows, and the rows of varying length. Ah, here is our row. Out with notebook and pencil, for this is retrospect, and from the data gathered here we are to figure our prospect. Look down the line! What are those frisky scenes in flashy colors away down there at the end of the row? Ah! They are the scenes of early manhood, when the animal spirits con- spired with all the other spirits to down reason and strangle common sense, Egotism, self-conceit and self-indulg- ence are the predominating features; but early manhood is not supposed to be capable of any good thing, and we pass on. Now we come to where we suppose the real earnest work of life had com- menced. How startled we are at the awful significance of what we consid- ered mere trifles at the time of their oc- currence. How eager we are to blot them out, but they belong to the past and can never be erased. Mere tritles that are reeled off unnoticed and un- heeded with the passing moments, how they stare at us and chide us now that we can not recall them! But we must return to the present, and, by improv- ing it, pave the way for a future bright- er even than the past has been. E. A. Owen. —->_ 2 ___ Conversation in the Garden of Eden. ‘‘How does it come dinner isn’t ready?’’ demanded Adam impatiently, as he arrived home after a hard day’s toil in the garden. ‘‘I am sorry, Adam, dear,’’ said Eve penitently, ‘‘but 1] have been embroid- ering you a new fig-leaf. There is really no reason why we shouldn't have more a when fig-leaves are so plenti- ul. ‘“Do you know,’’ said Adam, tenta- tively, ‘‘I sometimes question the pro- priety of you wearing a fig-leaf?’’ c ,» Adam!’’ exclaimed Eve, aghast. ‘*What do you mean?’’ ‘*Er—well,’’ ventured Adam, ‘‘don’t you think a fig-leaf is a trifle decollete, so to speak?’’ ‘*No,’’ said Eve, rather snappisbly, ‘so long as I don't give any garden parties, | think a tig-leaf is all right. Dear me! Do you wish me to wear a sealskin sacque this warm weather?’’ Adam did not answer this last sally, but sat down to the table and poured out a cup of coffee, _ ‘'This coffee is too weak,’’ he said irritably. ‘You are very touchy to-day, Adam, "’ said Eve reproachfuily. ‘‘Next I sup- pose you'll be telling me that I can’t make coffee like your mother used to make.,’’ ‘I wish I had my rib back,’’ returned Adam. ‘‘I’d about as lief live alone as drink lukewarm dishwater. ’’ ‘Well, if I had a mamma,’’ sobbed Eve in an injured tone, ‘‘you bet I’d go home to her,’’ _ Adam ate the remainder of his meal in silence. ——_>-2~»__ The Mirror of Business. The local paper is the one thing by which strangers judge the size of a town and the ability ot its business men, hence the paper that does not have the advertisement of every business in its town is forced to misrepresent it, The paper is a mirror that shouid reflect a true picture of the town and every busi- ness conducted therein, = They Had More. Do you ever wish you were a girl?’’ asked the visitor who was waiting in the reception room, Only at Christmas time,’’ answered = boy, who was lingering in the door- ‘ Why do you wish it then?"? Because of the stockings they wear,”” was the prompt reply, MICHIGAN TRADESMAN We are Headquarters for AUTOMOBILES White Steam Carriage, $1,000.00 The “ White” is the FLOWER, the PEACH, the BEAuTY of all steam carriages. The “White” triumph in the famous New York to Buffalo Endurance Contest (480 miles) was very striking—some people called it “sensational.” 4 “Whites” entered this contest. Out of over 80 different vehi- cles that started about one-half of them finished. All of the “Whites” finished the run and two of these vehicles made the best average time for the distance of any American machine (either steam or gasoline) and were only beaten by one French 30 H. P. racing machine. At Detroit, on Aug. Io, the “White” captured the 5 mile race in 4 10:01 3-5 andthe romile race in 19:05 4-5. The “White” is a gentleman’s carriage. It has the “mark of high degree.” It is made and guaranteed by the White Sewing Machine Co , a thoroughly responsible concern. The “ White” is perfectly safe, strong, handsome, comfortable, trustworthy. A lady can operate it. It has many special features—described in catalogue, to be had for the asking. THE OLDSMOBILE GASOLINE RUNABOUT oT sl Oldsmobile, $600.00 Is made by one of the oldest and largest makers of gasoline engines in the world—the Olds Motor Works— who have had 15 years’ experience in building gasolineengines Itis simple, safe, compact and reliable; always ready to go any distance. We have no hesitancy in saying that we consider the Oldsmobile the best horseless carriage on the market ever offered at the price. Write for catalogue. Auto-Tri, $350.00 Auto=Bi, $200.00 Here we show a couple of “ warm” ones, the Motor Tricycle and the Motor Bicycle. Both have long since passed the experimental! stage and can be fully relied upon. The 3-wheeler is filled with a 3 H P. gasoline engine and the bicycle (Auto-Bi) witha 1% H. P. engine. The Auto-Bi is our baby Automobile—smallest and cheapest we have found, and it is guaranteed to “ mote.” Motor Cycles are rapidly winning their way into public favor and the bicycle dealer who does not look to his ~ * own interests and secure the agency for the “ Thomas” line of Motor Cycles and attachments for 1902 will surely miss it. Up-to-date and progressive dealers everywhere are taking hold ofthis line. It is none too early to open negotiations with us. Remember, we are headquarters for Automobiles, parts, fittings, etc. Correspond- ence solicited. ADAMS & HART, 12 W. Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Let us quote you prices when in want of Wrapping Paper, Twine, Woodenware, Chimneys, Stationery and School Supplies . ; ‘ sere ornate ee nares SrA PAPER COMPANY, KALAMAZOO, MICH. - i The Finest - | ; The Newest ; The Latest Designs in Wall Paper > are always in our stock. \ Our Paints are Pure and Fresh of Picture Mouldings in the city and our Frame- makers are experts. A complete Artists’ Material Catalogue for the asking. | . : ! : ! SE a C.. L. Harvey & Co: 59 Monroe Street Grand Rapids, Mich. ¥ Exclusively Retail \ Bee SS 32 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN FORESTRY MOVEMENT. Its Progress and Promise in the Wolver- ine State. Twenty-five years of agitation of questions relating to forestry are bearing fruit in Michigan. In the beginning ‘of the movement attention was simply called to the blowing sands of Western Michigan and the great danger of their encroachment upon the valuable lands that border Lake Michigan. Later on the discussion was taken up by organi- zations of fruit growers, having in mind the calamities that might be in store for Michigan horticulture as a re- sult of the ruthless destruction of the timbered area. Later on there were in- dications that the entire agriculture of the State was affected by the removal of the timber and the sweeping winds in- cident to the new conditions. It was found that the even flow of the streams had changed to great flood seasons and seasons of scarcely any- fow. These conditions affected every industrial in- terest. Men of sentiment in the mean- time who understood well that Michi- gan’s most promising advertisement was in the beauty of the Peninsula spoke out promptly against the continu- ance of the pioneer habit of clearing and the lack of intelligence in, and the almost total neglect of, replanting the timber areas. All of these discussions resulted in an awakening of some in- terest in reforestation, but it was not until the lumbermen began to feel the pinch from lack of material to work upon that an earnest and intelligent interest was manifested in the forestry problems of the State. In truth, before this final condition appeared upon the surface the agitation had well-nigh died out. All the earlier discussions dwelt upon the duties of individuals to preserve trees and plant trees and care for the wood-lots with reference to the needs of all the people; but it was diffi- cult to arouse in individual owners of wood-lots a spirit of self-sacrifice which would lead them to save pieces of tim- ber at an immediate loss to themselves for the purpose of adding to the satis- faction of living on the part of their grandchildren. The second epoch of agitation was in- augurated as a matter of statecraft. The State had not only lost, during the profligate methods of the early lumber- men, its great weaith of timber and in- cidental advantages which render it an attractive place for immigrants, but, as a legacy of these methods, it found in its possession a tremendous area of cut-over lands upon which the owners refused to pay taxes, allowing them to come into possession of the State as a result of these delinquencies. Fires and thieves swept off all that was of any present or promising value, and the State had no machinery adequate to self-protection. At the instigation of a few public-spirited citizens the Legisia- ture provided for a Forestry Commis- sion and authorized a careful investiga- tion of conditions, commanding its servants upon the Commission to report findings and recommendations upon which to base future legisiation. This Commission put in three years of pains- taking work, made its first set of recom- mendations to the Legislature and re- ceived some encouragement in the set- ting aside by the State of 57,000 acres for forestry purposes. It is still at work upon a plan which will provide for the maintenance and care of a large part of the State’s domain that is now in ap- pearance an ‘‘abomination and desola- tion,’’ to the end that it shall finally be- come a source of satisfaction and profit to the State. The Commission entered upon a plan of agitation which should awaken an interest on the part of the public in the great problem of what should be done with the millions of acres of land in the State not suited to agriculture, but hav- ing in it promise, through proper meth- ods of re-forestation, of large values in the future. The Commission to-day is made up of three members: Mr. Arthur Hill, of Saginaw, a successful lumberman, a student of forestry and a man of wide experience in travel through the valu- able timber regions of North America and Europe; Mr. E. A. Wildey, the present Commissioner of the Land Office, who is a member of the Com- mission by virtue of his office, and who is thoroughly imbued with the import- ance of re-forestation as a method of so- lution of the problem of what shall be gained through these institutions. For- estry deals with science as well as art. We not only need men skilled in the matters which relate to the wider influ- ence of forestry, but we must have men who know how to deal with the tech- nical methods of forest handling, so as to make the forests most profitable in their immediate management as well as their influence on the occupations of men and the highest development of the men themselves. The Commission has succeeded in enlisting the assistance of the United States Government in so far as to place a party of experts in our field to study the conditions and recommend methods of action. This party of experts has spent several weeks in Roscommon and adjoining counties under the guidance of Mr. F. E. Skeels, than whom there is no more intelligent student of forestry in oumState. Two departments of State have become thoroughly interested in done with the cut-over lands in North- ern Michigan; the third member of the Commission is the writer of this article. The members of the Commission serve without compensation, giving their time and best thought to this great interest of the State, and they should receive the support of every public spirited citizen —not a_ tacit acquiescence in their recommendations, but a thoughtful con- sideration of their suggestions and kindly criticism of the method which they endorse. As a result of the work of this Com- mission, a Department of Forestry has been organized at the State University and resolutions have been adopted by the Board of Agriculture relating that Forestry hereafter will be an intrinsic part of the education given at the Mich- igan State Agricultural College. As auxiliaries to the forward movement of the Commission, we can not conceive of more promising help than can be the movement, represented by the Com- missioner of the Land Office and the Auditor General. Both of these gentle- men have signified their willingness to use the machinery of their offices in promoting the work in hand, The location settled upon by the Com- mission as the most suitable one for the State timber preserve is at the head of the Muskgeon River, and includes a number of townships in Roscommon and Crawford counties and some lands in townships contiguous to the boundar- ies of these counties. The plan is to solidify this area, which includes some large inland lakes, by the acquirement of nearly all of the holdings, only ex- empting therefrom such parcels as can be utilized for agricultural purposes. These excluded parcels may be attract- ive to settlers, thereby furthering the ability to care for the forestry preserve by having in its immediate vicinity men who will reap advantages from it and whose interests will be somewhat centered in its proper preservation and care. If the State should turn over to the Commission all of its own holdings in this vicinity, there is a promise al- ready given that individual citizens owning a great many patcels will be glad to contribute to the forestry move- ment by turning over their holdings to the Commission in the interest of the State. By the time the next Legislature con- venes the Commission will be able to outline very clearly defined plans for the future, with estimates of the expense which will naturally be incurred in the care of the preserve. Thoughtful men having the welfare of the State at heart are interesting themselves in the work of the Commission; institutions of learning are arraying themselves with the Commission; women’s clubs are taking up the active discussion.of for- estry ; farmers’ clubs, horticultural soci- eties and agricultural institutes are all making forestry a prominent feature in their programmes for discussion; busi- ness men and men who have large finan- cial interests to be conserved by the at- tractions of our State for resort purposes are rallying to the support of the work; railroads, which have seen their receipts decreasing rapidly as a result of the de- struction of timber, are anxious that the State should enter into the business of re-forestation, that their immense abil- ity in the carrying trade may be util- ized. The eyes of other states are upon us in connection with these movements be- cause the conditions in our State are ripe for the most generous activity. The outlook is certainly promising, and through the aid of all of these allies the Forestry Commission of Michigan ex- pects to see, during the next decade, a reward for its pioneer work in the adoption by the State of a definite for- estry policy, ably supported by men and means. The problem is one worthy of the highest intelligence and the most unselfish spirit. The people of the State who have the future of our great and beautiful commonwealth at heart will not defer their sympathy and activity if only they can become imbued with the importance of reforestation in the State as it has appealed to the few men who have in recent years given serious study to the subject. Charles W. Garfield. Was Sure She Was Dead. A convict at a French penal settle- ment who was undergoing a life sen- tence desired to marry a female convict, such marriages being of common occur- rence. The Governor of the colony offered no objection, but the priest pro- ceeded to cross-examine the prisoner. ‘Did you not marry in France?’’ he asked. “ies, ** ‘““And your wife is dead?” **She is.’’ ‘“Have you any document to show that she is dead?”’ "No. ?" “Then I must decline to Marry you. You must produce some proof that your wife is dead.’’ There was a pause, and the bride- Prospective looked at the would-be groom, Finally he said: ‘‘I can prove that my former wife is dead,’’ ‘‘ How will you do so?”’ ‘‘I was sent here for killing her.’’ Tha bride accepted him notwithstand- tenets One thing that money can’t buy is a clear conscience, Sa i tel adh innit pallida th dg aston pn shingreal eeeeechniatenepipegrtiit pian geet onan See ee See hh eT a eros mceniees MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Central City Cigar Co. Manufacturers of S22%High Gradest2.% CIGARS Corner Francis Street and Michigan Avenue. Domestic......... and Havana Jackson, Miche, October 1, 1901. To our customers and friends: We wish to inform you that we have organized the above company, and that it is our intention to solicit patronage from our old friends and customers of Michigan terri- tory, assuring you that we have spared no ex- pense or pains in making a line of cigars that are up-to-date in all respects, and which we will be very glad to show you soone Kindly thanking you for all past favors, and hoping when we call you will favor us with at least a trial order, we are Yours truly, Central City Cigar Coe We Be Ae We BurriSe Stitte SO ES SS SBS See ewra SHAVE THEY REACHED YOU? OF THE SANITAS NUT i Bi thas eg: pi bs 20, ¥ fs cvagevaeeinetsnsieianeelingieanaie eben. sata sues Smiehar Se leering anaes ene _-4 ~\ (am ‘ > FOOD CO.LTD.. REACH THE ENDS OF THE EARTH These foods are a new departure in human dietetics and have received the endorsement of food experts everywhere. They are unique, for not only do they agree with the feeblest invalid, but afford to the well a larger per cent. of available energy than any other foods known to science. ne ee nent SANITAS NUT FOODS ARE DELICATE, TOOTHSOME AND DIGESTABLE, AND THE DEALERS WHO HANDLE THEM MAKE MONEY. For ten cents to pay postage the manufacturers will send you free samples and literature. SANITAS NUT FOOD CO., Ltd., Originators and Sole Manufacturers, BATTLE CREEK, MICH., U. S. A. BN BN BB BB, SB BE RR RB BE BB RE EE Ee TE ag ae SR OR SR. OS a. OR. OE ee. a. we eR ee. a CRC ROCCE ECO EEC OECORORO OOO RORONO )AEREIE AEE AE)ACACDAE AONE AE) ACRE OROOREOEERORE ser GOUVGoOVGSovuGo VcovoGovoGovoCouGovsGovGovodsa ¢ OGooGovoGcgovscgca a o oo ° 8G 2 0 O oS Sy nopsnoy O)O(A0)0(0 oe ax Oo oD Ox eo 2, oe Why should not Retail Merchants opena Bank Account? g 00 ) 9g G5)2¢5 o _ Kent County Savings | B Bank . 9, 0 ) g, (09) 0(00 2g 3860, e g g, eo Corner Canal and Lyon Streets og @0)2(60 a 9 @d)2@ e g o 9g ) Solicits the patronage of retail dealers and individuals in Grand Rapids and Vicinity. Q, 100 (G0 ISOIGZONIGCOIGLOIGOMIGO og av ‘oO (0! go 9, 2 g, g, We invite personal interview with a view to business relations. g, g, Q, # g 9g, (09 )0(00)0(C0)0(00)0(00)0(a0)0(G0)5 Resources exceed $2,000,000, 3% per cent. paid on Certificates of Deposit. } g 0000 g, g 10(09)0(G0)0(00)0(00)o 2 9, © John A. Covode, President. Henry [dema, Vice-President. J. 4. S. Verdier, Cashier. g o Q 10 ~ CONCONIGCONIGCONIOONIGCONIGOIGOMSFOMGOMGOIGON 3 Ss 2 2 So, J S, So oS 2 oS =} Ss 2 Ss 2 J 2, oS 2 2 g, 2, J S SROCROROOOO OO OOOO OOO OOO OOS ia oO) io {~) oO {-) o f-) iS) o o 3 o oO oO oO oo o ° io °o O 3° oO oO SSSSSSssSsssSsssssssssssv. Ga 7 PADD EASA LAAZALA CATA AAA AA ZEN. i) * The Old Reliable % aN yy | Wy | They have many points of superiority and excellence. A catalogue > eee card request will get you the very W | ° | y Harrison Wagon Co., ds Grand Rapids, Mich. NS Leo ——————— IK = _——.— \ VSSSCSSSSSSSSSSESSSSESESE KS es lle 34 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE GUM BUSINESS. Only in Its Infancy, Large as It Is Al- ready. My first recollection of gum wasa sort of paraffine wax called ‘‘kerosene gum.”’ This was followed by spruce gum, which is still sold to some extent, but so many hardships and dangers confront the spruce gatherer, who has to spend sev- eral months of the ‘winter living in a rude hut, tramping over the mountains and through the forests and fording streams in search of the ‘‘spruce tears,’’ that the price of these tears is so high that few manufacturers attempt to make the spruce gum. Then, too, the demand is now for a flavored sweetened gum. When I began, twelve years ago, to make gum in my own kitchen | had very few gums to compete with, but now everybody who can not do any- thing else tries to make gum. Some people have an idea that chew- ing gum is made of just ‘‘any old thing ’’—rubber boots, etc.—but this is not the case. Gum chicle is a near rel- ative of the rubber tree and is the foun- dation of all good gums. It is a prod- uct of South America and Mexico. From wounds made in the ‘‘ Ya’’ tree the sap that exudes is of a milky white- ness and consistency. This partly co- agulates after continued exposure to the air. It is sent to New York by boat and there sold to the highest bidder. When marketable, it resembles putty, but is much harder. Tuxpan, Mexico, is the largest shipping port for this gum. The manufacturers of gum take a great deal of pains with chicle. They chop it all by hand, then pick out with small knives all the bits of bark, leaves, etc., and when the gum is rolled and scored for sticks, they cut out with scis- sors any black specks before they wrap it. This makes the gum strictly hand- made and as clean as it is possible to make it. They use the finest confec- tioners’ sugar and only essential oils for flavoring. Beware of gums flavored with etherized flavoring. The gum business has had its trials. First, the duty of Io cents per pound was levied. Then we were compelled to help pay the debts of the late un- pleasantness with Spain and were taxed 4 cents per box. Many of the gum manufacturers raised the price of their gum to cover this and asked the dealer to pay it. Now the gum trust threatens our lives by cornering chicle, which is the bone and sinew of our business. So far they have only succeeded in raising the price of chicle about 25 per cent. Despite these things we are pleased to note that the gum business is not on the wane, but is steadily increasing. Mil- lions of sticks are chewed now by old and young, where formerly only hun- dreds were. I think the gum business, large as it is, is only now in its infancy and that it will be used more and more, as a con- fection and as a medicine. There is nothing more beneficial to digestion than to chew a little gum after a hearty meal. Kate W. Nobles. —--—~> 4 > Observations of an Old-Time Merchant. After an absence from home of some weeks, I have been reading a copy of the Tradesman for the first time since my departure from home. I have al- ways set a high value on this paper, but had not, until I laid it down and began to reflect, realized how much I had missed its familiar visits; and I thought it just possible that there were merchants even in Michigan who potter along year after year without subscrib- ing for the best journal for retailers ever published, in ignorance of the daily help it would afford them, not alone in business matters, but in many other ways. The thoughtful and well-consid- ered articles, the carefully selected mis- cellany, the market summaries, the short and pithy hints (which often save their reader many times the cost of the paper), and the general make-up of this journal form, in the aggregate, a publication the existence of which has never been possible save in the first dec- ade of the twentieth century. Business men of twenty-five years ago would scarcely know ‘‘where they were at’’ were they to step into the arena of active commercial life of the present, and if you make it forty years ago or more, the difference is far more marked. For instance, I have just been ‘‘a-fish- in’.’’ What seems remarkable js that I do not seem to feel ashamed of this ex- pedition, although when I was a boy the business man who sought recreation with rod or gun did so under a sort of mental protest, and commonly sneaked off very quietly, for such indulgences were not considered creditable. And the clerk who once or twice in a year got a day or a half-day to himself was a very lucky fellow. My father was a merchant, having begun business in 1817, and I have often smiled on looking over some of the prices current which he received from city correspondents, for that was the only way he could keep posted when not personally in the market. Some may think that it was easier in those days than now to do business and make money, but I think this impres- sion anerror. The use of many of the modern business methods was not then possible, even had the necessary educa- tion in such matters existed. ‘‘ There is always room at the top’’ is as true now as when it was first uttered, and ifa young man makes choice of trade as a profession, and is willing to give to this calling, in whatever branch, the best efforts of his life, to strive and study to obtain an absolute mastery of his busi- ness in all its details, to shun allure- ments of doubtful nature, to be scrupu- lously and sternly upright in all his dealings, not to have too many irons in the fire but to stick to the business that he undertakes, his chances are as good in these first years of the new century as ever before in the history of the world. And such an one can hardly do better than make careful study of the weekly issues of the Tradesman. F. H. Thurston. Che Michigan Crust Company # WAS ORGANIZED FOR THE EXPRESS PURPOSE OF ACTING AS Executor, Administrator, Guardian, Trustee, Assignee, Receiver, Agent, Etc. # Capital, 2S a ee $200,000 00 Additional Liability of Stockholders, 200,000.00 Surplus and Undivided Profits, - 100,000.00 Deposited with State Treasurer, 100,000.00 # Directors Chas. H. Hackley, Muskegon, Mich. Henry Idema, Willard Barnhart, James M. Barnett, Darwin D. Cody. W. W. Cummer, 8. B. Jenks, Cadillac, Mich. Wm. Judson, F. A. Gorham, J. Boyd Pantlind, E. Golden Filer, Manistee, Mich. Thomas Hefferan, Anton G. Hodenpyl, Harvey J. Hollister, ‘Alfred D. Rathbone, Wm. G. Robinson, Samuel Sears, Wm. Alden Smith, Dudley E. Waters, T. Stewart White, Lewis H. Withey. # Officers LEWIS H. WITHEY, President. ANTON G. HODENPYL, Vice-President. GEORGE E. HARDY, Secretary. F. A. GORHAM, Ass’t Secretary. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN . 35 TALKING SHOP. Dry Place Where All the Fun Is Elimi- nated. We all work the better for a good laugh now and then. I haven’t the least desire to go back to the old days when we began work at 7:30 a. m. and closed at 9 or 9:30 p. m., with an extra _ ses- sion lasting until midnight on Satur- day ; but I confess to an occasional han- kering for the little gatherings we used to have around the stove after 11 o'clock, when trade began to slacken up, the boss had his cigar going and the few late comers were mostly turned over to the Saturday night extra help. The Saturday rush always had something of a fascination for me, a sort of tighten- ing of the nerves, every muscle tuned up to the highest pitch in readiness for the fray. In our larger modern stores, where every day is Saturday, and the rush and strain are constant, | wish we could have something of this kind—a little meeting together after the rush of the busy day, where, with perfect freedom, each might have his little say, and proprietor, salesman and _ stock boy might compare notes, ask advice, talk over their customers and tell their little jokes. We used to carry all our _ heavy working shoes, plow shoes, brogans, stitchdowns, pegged and screw-fastened creedmoors, kip, oil grain and calf boots in a back room. The fellow who got caught with a customer in that room alone about 4 o’clock in the afternoon had a splendid chance of staying there until 11 o'clock. The others would re- fer all trade for those goods back to him, and there was no escape. I remember being caught in that room one Saturday late in September. It was the first Saturday we had a rush from the farmers and fishermen along the Lower Potomac. They were up in great numbers, all wanted boots and we got a good, big share of the trade. 1 nearly worked my arm off and wore out the peg cutter scraping out pegs. One old man bought boots for himself and ‘three sons. The younger one, he said, wore No. 3. I banded them to him and went on with some one else. Pretty soon he came back and said the No. 3 was too small. I handed him a No. 4; that was too small, so I handed him a boy’s No. 6. A little while after the boy came with a pair of boots in his hand and said they were all right, he would ‘‘take ’em.’’ I scraped out the pegs and wrapped the boots for him. When I had put my stock away I| found the boy had one No. 3 and one No, 6. He never came back with them, and I've often wondered if that boy had one club foot and neatly tricked me. We had a bright young fellow to help on Saturday nights, a graduate of the high school, quick-witted, with a keen sense of humor. He wouldn’t wait on white people if he could get a darkey. He would rant away in the biggest language he could use to a darkey that couldn’t spell his own name, until the mystified look on that darkey’s face would make a horse laugh. Some col- ored girl would say tohim: ‘‘I only wears fives, but I has to git sixes, cause my feet swells.’’ ‘‘Sort of a chronic swelling,’’ Charlie would say. ‘‘Yas, suh, I reckon dat’s it.’’ A woman came into a store not long ago and asked to see some men’s shoes that had been advertised for several days at $1.90. She wanteda7E. The goods had been on sale for several days, and there were only sizes 8% to 11 left. The salesman suggested a $3 shoe to her, but she wouldn’t listen; $1.90 was her limit. ‘‘Well,’’ said the salesman, “if the man wants a good, comfortable shoe to wear to work, as you say, I think if he would come in and see our $3 shoe he would rather pay the differ- ence.’’ ‘‘He can’t come in, he’s work- ing,’’ replied the woman. ‘‘Can’t he come in before or after he goes to work?’’ ‘‘No, he goes away at 7 in the morning and don’t get home unti! 7 at night.’’ ‘‘Well, does he work every day? Don’t he get a day off now and then?’’ ‘‘Yes, he works every day.’’ ‘‘Well,’’ said the salesman, ‘‘if he works every day from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. and can’t get a pair of comfort- able $3 shoes a couple of times a year, he might as well stop working.’’ The woman saw the point and bought a pair of $3 shoes. I wish we shoemen could get together and talk over these things that bring a smile and daily come in the experience of every one selling shoes. There can be no fixed rule for fitting and selling shoes, but the little gatherings once a week, or once a month, to talk over the difficulties met and overcome, would, I am sure, help each one to a sounder judgment and better tact 1n meeting all the various phases of humanity that daily drift into the shoe store.—H. T. Dougherty in Shoe Retailer. a Repairing Free of Charge a Good Adver- tisement. A feature in the retail shoe store that, as a rule, is given but little attention is the repairing of shoes sold by the house, where a shoemaker is employed. As a rule, there is no charge made for small repairs, such as a_ patch, sewing a rip, etc., yet no mention of this gra- tuity is ever made in the shoe adver- tisements. A line that could be used in all advertisements by a house that does these small repairs gratis is: ‘‘All shoes sold by us will be kept in repair free of charge excepting half soling and attaching rubber heels.’’ This would prove profitable advertising, and the added cost in the repair shop would not be very great. As an offset to the cost there would be orders for putting on halfsoles, repairing shoes bought else- where and attaching rubber heels. As a regular charge would be made for this work, it would help pay the expense of the repair shop. ee eae ace Cloth-top Shoes Again in Style. Cloth-top shoes are making a strong appearance in the sample line of up-to- date manufacturers, and, considering the high price of kid at the present time, there is no doubt at all in the minds of the manufacturers that these shoes will again renew their command on the market. Many manufacturers, foreseeing that vestings will be the -ar- ticle this coming season, purchased the best quality of this cloth, and this, com- bined with beautiful designs and color combinations, renders useless to say that they are showing sharp, snappy and at- tractive lines, which will make strong rivals for all-leather shoes. You will always find that in fancy oxfords inser- tion of cloth is always admired, and with the perfect grades now in use deal- ers need not be afraid to try some. > The Craze For the Antique. From the Philadelphia Record. ‘‘The prevailing craze for antique furniture, old clocks, ancient china and such things has emptied nearly all the farm-house garrets within a radius of fifty miles of Philadelphia. The coun- try people, who used to regard their old possessions as truck and trash, are ful- ly educated up to the market values now,’’ said a dealer in antiques yester- day. ‘‘They have lost their guileless in- nocence regarding heirlooms, and now have an eye to business,’ *’ You are just as anxious to buy our shoes as we are to sell them Because. ‘They are the best proposition in well-wearing, all-around shoes on the market. They retail for $2.00 $3.00 $3.50 and these are the prices a prosper- ous public is paying for its footwear. At these prices our shoes are not only profit-bringers and quick- sellers, but business-holders and worth every cent of the money you ask for them. A postal card will bring the agent. Rindge, Kalmbach, Logie & Co. Grand Rapids, Michigan i ¢ fr ‘ sf e: : ae ‘ ¥X 36 MICHIGAN. TRADESMAN RETAIL HARDWARE, Radical Changes During the Past Thirty Years. *Time is a great innovator. Human activity is the great author of change. Standing upon the threshold of the twentieth century we look back in awe and wonder upon the marvelous changes which have been wrought in every sphere’ of action. Industry, science, literature—all have their place in the great march of Progress. Each day brings to light some new discovery, some new idea, some new development. The wise man of to-day is wiser than the man of yesterday and he of to-mor- row wiser than the man of to-day. The world and all that is in it is involved in a perpetual evolution. The crude printing press of Guttenberg has evolved into a huge machine which stamps intel- ligence upon millions of papers a day. The simple engine of Stevenson now is an immense and powerful locomotive that thunders down canyons and sweeps along the very edge of cataracts with wondrous speed. The insignificant light of the candle has been superseded by electric lamps of intense power. Change, change, and progress with every change, is the watchword that rings along the avenues of Time and is taken up to be repeated by every sci- ence, art, business and profession. It has been assigned to me to review the changes that have taken place in my own business, that of retail hardware, and to confine myself to the last thirty years. This limitation permits me to write of my own personal observation and, therefore, I accept of it gladly. Thirty years ago the hardware busi- hess, judging it by comparison with its present development, was still in a crude State, and its gradual change for the better has been much like that of the uncouth, untutored youth, who, by the grinding stone of time, has been rounded out into a finished and polished gentleman. The hardware business of the '7os was, perhaps, the most untidy of all mercantile branches. It supplied nearly every line of manufacture and .trade, from the shipbuilder to the tinner, from the butcher, blacksmith and baker to the florist and farmer, and it dealt with articles so large and so small, from implements to penny nails, it was at once a store, a factory and a repair shop, and it was all conducted in so small a place that it was difficult to create order out of chaos. Imagine a small store 20 feet wide by _ 100 feet deep lined from the front to the rear by shelving, combining unsightly paper packages of locks, knobs, casters, hinges and tools, with samples of each attached to the outside; a counter in front of the shelves, narrowing the Space into a small aisle; the opposite wall decorated with shovels, spades, chains and iron, a narrow coop of 5x10 for an office and a trap door witha hand elevator near the front entrance where customers, stoves and heavy traffic all entered together. Then clog up the Space with a few refrigerators anda few old-fashioned wood and coal stoves; put in a plow; scatter a few wagon jacks and wooden pumps here and there; then don’t forget the scythe, grain cradle and hay forks and you have a picture of the ground floor of a typical hardware store of thirty years ago. There have been changes and radical changes; not only in the appearance of the store, but in the character of the - business and the methods of doing it. I have only to look about in my store of to-day and reflect upon what it was thirty years ago to be impressed with the wonderful changes that have taken place in the retail hardware business in general. The 2o0xI00 feet have been succeeded by an immense floor space. The entire store has been divided into departments, the unsightly wall decora- tions have disappeared and in their place is a display that is pleasing to the eye. The dim light of gas lamps has changed place with electricity. The freight elevator is now in the rear of the store and no longer requires the mus- cles of lusty clerks for its operation— machinery does all that. In the front of the store a trim passenger elevator conveys customers to and from the va- rious floors and departments. No more is each clerk a jack of all trades, selling stoves and following them to the homes of customers to set them up. With the division of the store into departments came the department salesman, espe- ualizes the responsibility, and if blame is to be attached or reward given, the employer knows immediately where it belongs. In the larger cities a hotel department is added in which the cul- inary needs of hotels, railroads, boats, boarding houses and restaurants receive special attention. Thirty years ago the hardware man was Satisfied to sit on his keg of nails and wake up only when some customer insisted upon coming into buy. Win- dow decorations he had none. If by chance there was some article in the window it remained there until it was sold. Advertising had been thought of in those days, but not by the hardware man. There may have been some who were ahead of their time; but even with these, if they did have an announce- ment of their wares in a newspaper, it was rarely changed all the year around. To-day the progressive hardware mer- chant must be a liberal advertiser and cally trained and equipped with a com- plete knowledge of the particular line of goods over which he is given charge in the store. He has complete super- vision of the stock in his department and his duty isto give it his special attention, to attend to the sales within it and to keep it supplied and in order, Then we have the builders’ hardware department and the builders’ hardware salesman; the cutlery department and the cutlery salesman; the tableware de- partment and the tableware salesman; the sporting and athletic goods de- partment and the sporting and athletic goods salesman; the tool department and the tool salesman; the shelf hard- ware department and the shelf hard- ware salesman; the house furnishing and: stove department and the house furnishing and stove salesman. That. this system is far superior than to have each clerk in charge of every line of goods is at once apparent. It individ- he must use judgment and variety in his advertising ; in fact, newspaper ad- vertising has become such an important factor in these times that advertisement writing has risen to the dignity of an art, and we have among us men who make it a profession. The progressive hardware merchant of to-day-must also give heed to appro- priate window dressing of frequent va- riety and to attractive display within his store. In the seventies it was by no means a pleasure to visit a hardware store, with an ugly sight of wash _boil- ers, coal scuttles, milk pails and chains greeting the eye and freight jostling one along the narrow, unscrubbed aisles made up ofa long row of dull finished stoves on one side and a counter (none too fancy) on the other. To-day the hardware merchant’s emporium is as much of a shopping place which ladies delight to visit as a fancy bazaar, Even women clerks have their place in areca Nani se juntincssurshireshaan disor innationametnnaiic paar a modern hardware establishment, and such a thing was unheard of when I made my beginning in that business, Their appearance accounts much, of course, for the disappearance of the un- tidiness of the hardware store of old. Whether the business is as profitable to-day as it was thirty years back is a question that depends much upon the individual merchant. It is certain, how- ever, that it was easier to make money in it in those days than it is now, be- cause the demands now are greater, The hardware merchant of the present must have more ingenuity, more busi- ness ability, more tact, more taste than his brother of the earlier days. Com- petition among the retail dealers and combination among the manufacturers have decreased the profits on each sale. While it is true that competition is the life of trade,it is also true that its abuse in late years has led to an utter disre- gard of quality of goods. Every stand- ard article of value has its hundred im- itations by the cheapness of which the innocent public is gulled into buying that which afterwards proves worthless, For this reason the consumer must rely largely upon the word, the integrity and reputation of the merchant when he pays more for an article that is else- where advertised as cheaper, because he is getting quality. Another notable change that has taken place in the hardware trade within thirty years is the tendency toward special- ties. Before the panic of 1873 every hardware dealer, whether large or small, handled every class of goods that be- longs to the trade. The first departure of that sort was made in Michigan by the late Jas. L. Lischer, in conducting exclusively a builders’ hardware store. Rohns & Schafer were the pioneers in the exclusive blacksmith and carriage supplies. A more recent instance of this specializing is the tool hardware emporium of Chas. A. Strelinger & Co., of Detroit, and of Coulson & Mor- hous, who sell only such hardware as is used in house furnishing. In my own store, while it is a general hard- ware and house furnishing business, | have been making a specialty of Gar- land stoves and |: have exhibitions of them on the second floor, equal in exclusiveness and variety to the show room of any stove foundry. The rea- son for this specializing may be found in the fact that, with the progressive- ness of the times, the hardware business has expanded into so wide a field, each part of which must be cultivated with such cate, because it is-attended with so many details that it almost requires all the emergency of a single man to master all there is to a single branch. In fact, the tendency of the times has been to- ward specializing in almost every busi- ness and profession. We have special- ists among lawyers and doctors, as well as among hardware men and merchants In general. The remarkable advance in the hard- ware trade, the wonderful changes that have occurred and the progressiveness of the merchant of to-day, are largely due to the influence of trade journals and of hardware associations. These two forces have been the medium of disseminating advanced ideas; they have afforded an interchange of thought between merchants, not only of the Same city, but of the state and country ; they have _created a better feeling and understanding among dealers and have raised the standard and character of the business. In fact, the trade journals and the associations are now indispens- able to the successful hardware man. They are the means of a mutual co- Operation that is necessary for the pres- ervation of the individual dealer. God Las sarc rnes rs errihrasceaemnonereiatrn bless them! Henry C, Weber. ee MICHIGAN, TRADESMAN 37 Ow Wh Wa HE we Ws WR © ESTABLISHED 1872 f SEAT COL. SENRINGS F FLAY. | EXTRACT C 2 —— eS 4 ays yh a Als AUR Ww~ WA WE et og : f j , j f ; f j Owe. ee °¢ GRANITE 2 | | | | E See eee | The best plastering material in the world. Fire proof, wind proof, water | preof. Is not injured by freezing. No glue, no acid. Ready for imme- “ | diate use by adding water. : THE JENNINGS PERFUMERY CO. || Office and Works, W. Fulton and L. S. & M.S. R. R. : | | ARCTIC MANUFACTURING CO. _ Gypsum Products Mnfg. Co. (C. W. JENNINGS, Proprietor) | | Manufacturers and Dealers in 19 AND 21 SOUTH OTTAWA STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. | | Calcined Plaster, Land Plaster, Bug Compound, Etc. | | ie i | Mill and Warehouse, 200 South Front St. Office, Room 20, Powers’ Opera House BIk. See Price Current. Grand Rapids, Michigan. : We solicit your mail orders. | An enterprising. agent wanted in every town. Write for circular with : reference. ‘ fi —$____ . Shipped knocked-down, ~>———- oe. UA produet of aver ‘ Ree securing lowest possible freight rates. Sundries cases and Glass Counters. Cereal vlaly yay Wawa W ius) = 40 SOUTH IONIA STREET, No. 64. CIGAR CASE, counters to match. Pe Drug store outfits a specialty. pancreas ten years’ experience in Our latest design | in | cigar cases. making show cases. i Our catalogue shows a complete line of Combination and Upright Show Cases and GRAND RAPIDS FIXTURES CO Write for prices. : GRAND RAPIDS, we * MICHIGAN TRADESMAN CRANBERRY CULTIVATION. Origin and Growth of This Industry in Michigan. When I consented to write for the Tradesman an article on cranberry cul- ture in Michigan I supposed it would be an easy matter to gather information in regard to present conditions and prospects from persons engaged in the business. In this, however, I have been disappointed. Only one person, John Clarke, of Whitefish Point, has _ re- sponded to my appeal. I mention this as a sufficient excuse for the meager facts which appear in the article. The first cranberry marsh I mention is just over the State line in Indiana, but it is so near us that it may very properly be considered in the Michigan group. I refer to what was known years ago as the Blair marsh a few miles from Michigan City. According to the most reliable information I have been able to obtain, it was at one time one of the most productive and valuable marshes in the Western country. It covered, I am told, some seventy acres of ground and a single year’s crop is said to have been sold for $17,000. When I visited the marsh some twelve years ago only eight or ten acres re- mained covered with vines. The marsh was ewned by a Chicago banker named Blair and for years was very remunera- tive. The cause of its declension was the want of water for flooding in win- ter and for keeping the soil properly moistened in summer. The marsh was in a level region of country and de- pended wholly on surface water, hence when the adjoining lands were cleared and drained the supply was cut off and failure necessarily followed. : Another, but smaller, marsh that was once prosperous was the Johnston, near Three Rivers, in St. Joseph county. From producing an annual crop of 1,500 bushels years ago, I am told it has nearly failed. I am unable to learn the cause of the failure. The Walker marsh at Glen Arbor, in Leelanau county, was flourishing some fifteen years ago and gave promise of success. Of late, I understand, it has greatly deteriorated, caused mainly by ferns crowding out the vines. About the time I planted my first vines at Walton two parties started the business near Cheboygan. They both went out of the business years ago, wiser but not richer than when they be- gan. About the same time parties made a small planting of vines at what used to be called North Unity, Leelanau county. I believe their reward was cranberries enough for one small pie! From these facts it would seem that cranberry growing in Michigan has proved a complete failure. But it is not quite so bad as that. I have shown only the debit side of the question. The credit side, however, is not remark- ably rich in its showing of results. There are a few cases where a fair de- gree of success has been achieved, but in a general summing up there would doubtless be a considerable balance on the debit side. I suppose Mr. S. H. Comings, of St. Joseph, has been one of the most suc- cessful of Michigan cranberry growers. I visited his place many years ago. It was then in a fairly prosperous condi- tion, but I do not remember the num- ber of acres in vines nor the quantity of berries produced. Mr, John Clarke, of Whitefish Point, is doubtless among the largest produc- ers of Michigan cranberries. He kind- tral and northern ly answered my letter of enquiry. At the time of writing he estimated his crop for the current year at 2,000 bush- els. There is no other marsh in the State which yields that amount of fruit unless it is that of Mr. Comings. My own plant at Walton has not fully met the anticipations that I indulged in when I engaged in the business; and yet, when I recall the fact that I went into it without any practical knowledge, I feel that I have been as successful as it was reasonable to expect. I have en- countered obstacles that I never dreamed of. Some of them have been over- come, and I trust that the experience | have had may enable me to overcome others in the near future. I have the satisfaction of knowing that I have in- troduced to the Michigan public the choicest cranberries ever grown in the State—if not the finest in the world. There are some other parties in the State cultivating berries on a small between Lake Michigan and Houghton Lake in Roscommon county and I have seen but one marsh where the berries were light colored. There was a small part of what was then known as the Blodgett marsh, near Hcughton Lake, that bore a large, long, beautiful light colored berry. All others colored as highly as could be desired. A Chicago dealer once told me that Michigan cranberries would not keep— that they would break down in less than a month after they were harvested. Against this statement 1 put the fact, which can be substantiated by many dealers and scores of families, that my berries have no superiors as long keep- ers, and I have reason to believe that this is generally true of all Northern Michigan berries. Michigan is all right for cranberry growing, but a man must know what he is about when he goes into the business. Somebody, somewhere, sometime, will scale, but the aggregate does not count in a general summing up of the busi- ness. When the country was first settled wild cranberry marshes were found, I suppose, in every county in the State. This was especially the case in the cen- counties. In the vicinity of Houghton Lake there were hundreds of acres that in favorable sea- sons were literally red with cranberries. Does not this wide distribution of the berries, many of them of large size and fine color, indicate soil and climate fa- vorable to their culture? A cranberry grower in the south part of the State said, a few years ago, that Michigan cranberries were generally of a very light color. How it may be in his section I can not say, but I know from personal observation that the cran-' berries of Northern Michigan are al- most universally highly colored. I have been on every wild marsh of any note find the right location, where soil, water and climate are all favorable, and will establish a cranberry plant that will be known all over the State for the quan- tity and quality of its large, red, de- licious berries. If | were a young man I might aspire to be that *‘somebody.”’ D. C. Leach. ——_>9.—__ Telephone Courtesy. It is hard to see why one should not receive the same courtesy and attention whether he presents himself indirectly by the telephone or actually in the body at his correspondent’s place of busi- ness, Too little attention has been given to the employment of clerks to answer the telephone, and many employers have apparently forgotten that the tele- phone is an open door and that it should be guarded by a person of intelligence, discretion and good manners. —_»seoa_____ Berlin, Germany, is to be equipped with a Chicago telephone somes which , has been under test for fifteen months, FATAL DEFECT. Lack of Knowledge as to What Expenses Really Are. A good many years ago, when the writer was a young business man, Franklin MacVeagh said to me in his office: ‘‘One reason why retail mer- chants do not succeed any better is be- cause they do not get the right cost on goods.”’ Naturally, I did not quite understand what he meant, and said so. Said he: ‘*If you buy a barrel of sugar at 7 cents a pound and freight is one-half cent a pound, what do you call your cost?'’ Of course I said 7% cents. ‘‘How much does it cost you to do business? What percentage of the year’s sales are the year’s expenses?’’ ‘‘ About 12 per cent. or 13 per cent.,’’ I answered. Then said he: ‘‘You ought to add to the cost and freight the per cent. of expense to get your real cost.’’ This has been a very helpful thought to me and I feel like taking advantage of the privilege extended me by the Bulletin to pass it along, hoping some other retail dealer may take it to heart and get at histrue cost. If every re- tailer realized that the only part of the price he receives or hopes to receive for the goods which go out of his store, that belong to him, is what he gets above what he pays for the goods, with the freight and expense of doing busi- ness added, there would be less price- cutting ; less making ‘‘fool’’ prices on goods, and fewer retail] merchants who after years of hard work and honest effort, find their capital all gone and that they are, perhaps, unable to pay their debts. There seems to be a very great lack of knowledge on the part of retailers as to what expenses really are. Many of them own their own buildings, and you hear them say: ‘'I don’t have any rent to pay and so can sell cheaper,’’ forget- ting that if they didn’t use the building someone else would rent it and pay them for it. Others never borrow any money, and they say: ‘‘I have no interest to pay and can sell cheaper,’’ forgetting that if they were not using the money, some- one else would pay them interest for it. Probably no retailer figures his own time aS an expense item, but the man who can successfully manage a retail busi- ness could earn from $1,000 to $3,000 a year doing business for someone else. I believe reliable statistics show that the expense of doing retail business is from 12 per cent. to 15 per cent. of the total sales—not of the cost price, but of the selling price of goods. Grocers’ ex- penses are greater than many _ other lines, because of delivery, calling for orders, losses on perishable goods and bad debts. All these items should be added to the expense account each year. I trust the time is coming soon when, through the educational influences of the trade papers, of the conventions, wise wholesalers and traveling men, the now well nigh universal system of mark- ing costs and expenses too low, and prospective profits too high will have passed away and that the next genera- tion of retail merchants, after having spent their working years in honestly and faithfully ministering to the needs of their neighbors, will be able in old age to retire and enjoy their well earned and deserved rest, which, as far as my knowledge extends, is a prospect before very few of the present generation of re- tail grocers and general merchants.—F. P. McBride in Commercial Bulletin. ie) © MICHIGAN TRADESMAN EDSON, MOORE & CO. ® Detroit, Michigan E ie : : E E E E E E E : : : ie We control the entire line of the Are you thinking of Wash Goods for Spring? Celebrated The scarcity of these goods last spring will be repeated next season. As heretofore, we have arranged to take care of our customers by securing a very large supply, but we advise early selections before the assortments are broken. Handkerchiefs and Other Holiday Goods FI Ae AR A FO Oe A UU EVER RMR RRR RY Ladies’ “Ready to Wear” Are now going very fast. Look through your Garments stock and see what you need in these lines and send us your orders. Are you selling these goods? If not, why not? he che cbs ha Cha ch Ss ha De De De She She She She She She De Sd See De Be De De De De De Be De De De DD VRE RRR eee Reeey eR RR PRC Rey ; S - : 84 CANAL ST. oecnarsahigny ngs WALTER K. SCHMIDT, THUM a 4 ae, Analytical Chemist, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. CHEMICAL TESTS AND ASSAYS, MICROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION, BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION Of Baking Powder, Soap, Tea, Coffee, Chocolate, Cocoa, Dyes, Cheese, Butter, Beer, Wines, Whisky, Carbonated Beverages, Meats, Syrups, Blood, Feces, Gastric ; uice, Saliva, Semen, Canned Goods, Vinegar, Preservatives, Disinfectants, Embalming Fluids, Malt Extracts, Spices, Ores, Sugar, Diastase, Pepsin, Pancreatine, Soils, Fe; Infants Foods, Dietetic Products, Fertilizers, Fabrics, Coal, Coke, Oils, Pus, Stains, Ale, Drinking Water, Mineral Water, Urine, Sputum, Wall Paper, Drugs, Chemicals Milk and Boiler Water. On eter eatin nt otras 28 - thus far, effective. + MICHIGAN TRADESMAN i GRAND RIVER. Obstructions in the Way of Its Improve- ‘ment. Since accepting your invitation to contribute an article for your anniver- sary edition on the subject of Grand River, I have wondered whether it is worth the while. The agitation for deep water naviga- tion on Grand River began thirteen years ago, with considerable enthusiasm on the part of the business interests of the city, and progressed without oppo- sition for three or four years during the period of preliminary surveys and ex- aminations. After Gen. Ludlow’s very favorable report in 1892 the railroads centering here realized that deep water navigation to this city would necessarily reduce freight rates and imagined it would interfere with their receipts. Their opposition has been constant and, Through their busi- ness and social relations they have se- cured the co-operation of some of our influential citizens, although, in lending this co-operation, these citizens have worked against their own financial in- terests. It is only another illustration of the effect on the average citizen of receiving attention from one who he imagines occupies a position in the business world or in the social whirl a trifle more exalted than his own. His vanity and his pride, rather than his hard-headed business sense, are ap- pealed to. His own importance is mag- nified if he can touch toes under the mahogany with a prominent railroad official, and it is easy to convince him that Gen. Ludlow did not know his business and that Macatawa Park and Ottawa Beach, although lake ports, do not receive their coal supply by boats. Of course, all the esteemed citizens and railroad officials are in favor (?) of the improvement of the river, provided it can be done by the Government and not more than an average of $25,000 per year is appropriated for the work. This would permit of its speedy completion in about 100 years and the brilliancy of this result would stamp those who fa- vored this. course as bright examples of the public spirited citizen whose wis- dom is unimpeachable. Is there any use, Mr. Editor, in spending more time in trying to con- vince the citizens of this city of the im- portance of this project and the neces- sity of financial aid on our part? The enormous savings that would accrue annually from its completion, its bene- fit to the home owners, to the business man, to the laboring man, and even to the railroad, in increased tonnage, have been repeatedly stated and urged during the last thirteen years. Nothing more can be added. Shall we burn more powder, or shall we leave the work for some future generation? Michigan’s geographical location gives her the most commanding posi- tion of all the great commonwealths of the North. Surrounded, as she is, by water on three sides, she has the great- est possibilities of any Northern State. With her internal waterways improved, as they will be sometime in the future, transportation will cost less than can possibly be attained in any of our neigh- boring states. With her mineral, tim- ber and agricultural resources, she hasa great future. Obstructionists can re- tard, but they can not prevent the up- building here of a great community. The improvement of Grand River is a great project, much greater than its cost would imply. It would make the city one of the greatest manufacturing cities of the North. With this improve- ment and the other advantages which we possess, we would be sought by those looking for locations where manufactur- ing can be carried on economically and the products distributed profitably. We are a one-industry town to-day because the high intelligence of the furniture manufacturers has enabled them to sur- vive, notwithstanding the disadvantages they labor under. Shall we continue the fight for river improvement or shall we concede that the obstructionists have won the day? I am aware of the fact that all great improvements are accomplished only after strenuous exertions and disappoint- ments. De Witt Clinton and his asso- ciates fought for nearly a generation in building the Erie Canal. They were opposed in their day by the prototypes of the obstructionists whom we encoun- ter now and with the same weapons and the same excuses. They won by a nar- Lime as a Fertilizer. A renewed interest in the use of lime on the soil has been excited by the ex- periments of the Rhode Island Experi- ment Station, at Kingston, in which a large increase of certain crops was pro- duced by liming the soil. While the Ohio Experimental Station was located on a gravelly, clay loam at Columbus, experiments in liming were made, but with negative results. This work has recently been undertaken again, how- ever, on the lighter, more sandy clay of the soil on which the Station is now lo- cated, and although it has not yet gone far enough to justify positive state- ments, the present indications are such as to encourage a more extended trial. In one case a half acre of land on which wheat is being grown year after year was treated with a thousand pounds of lime, freshly slacked and applied broadcast just before sowing the wheat. The crop immediately following showed row margin in one of the most bitter elections ever held in New York State. Oblivion has become the portion of their opponents. The great Erie Canal is their monument.. It has made New York City what it is, the metropolis of the Western world, and the Canal’s usefulness, not only to New York, but to all the Great West,has exceeded even their most sanguine expectations. The improvement of Grand River will accomplish for this city what the Erie Canal has for New York. Shall we continue the fight for river improvement, or shall we concede that the obstructionists have won the day? Chas. R. Sligh. A Direful Threat. Sideshow Manager—The tattooed man has struck for a raise. Circus Manager—You don’t say. Sideshow Manager—Yes; he says if you don’t increase his wages he'll wash all his tattoo marks off! but little effect from the lime: but the second crop, just harvested, shows an increase of about six bushels per acre for the limed portion over the unlimed half acre adjoining. In another case, half of a tract of three acres was limed in the spring of 1900 and planted incorn. There was an apparent increase in the corn crop for the limed part of this tract over that left without lime, and in the oats crop, following the corn, there has been a further increase of over nine bushels per acre. In a third case part of a block of alfalfa was sown on limed soil,and part on unlimed, with the result that the limed portion made by far the more vig- orous growth. One method of applying lime is to pile unslacked lime in small piles on land which has been plowed and har- rowed, slack by wetting and covering with earth, then mix thoroughly with net ae et rete nae ae tetee Cee eae Lenatitininnesiseriinernaindieesnjr stiri > - om: a ann ah st loose earth and spread with the shovel, Piles of a peck each, a rod apart, will give forty bushels, or 2,800 pounds per acre, which would be considered a mod- erate dressing. Slacked lime can not be easily ap- plied with the ordinary fertilizer drill, but unslacked lime ground to coarse meal is now on the market, and this may be successfully applied in this manner. The function of lime is not, properly speaking, that of a fertilizer, as its effect is not so much due to the actual plant food which it carries to the soil as to the rendering available of plant food already in the soil, and of improv- ing the physical condition of the soil itself; hence the lime should be as fresh as possible. In consequence of this effect of lime it should always-be followed by liberal manuring or fertilizing, otherwise its use will tend to exhaust the soil; but lime should never be mixed with manure, nor with other fertilizers, especially those containing ammonia, as it will liberate the latter and cause its escape. It should be applied as long as possible before the crop is planted, and is likely to be especially beneficial to clover, tim- othy and other grasses. Chas. E. Thorne, Director Ohio Experiment Station. a Autumn Hastle. The best way to determine what ad- vertising will do for a business is to make a practical experiment. It is im- possible to theorize with any degree of satisfaction. It is impossible to realize what you could do until youtry. The man who has a business to push can get better results from starting and pushing it than he can by waiting for inspiration to strike him, or waiting to see what his neighbors or friends are going to do. It is better to start the fall season with the idea that you are going to handle this advertising proposition in an in- telligent and businesslike way. Outline the plan in advance if possible. See wherein business can be pushed most profitably. Put all the vim and vigor into the advertising proposition. It takes practical ideas to win out on any business proposition, and the advertis- ing is certainly an important requisite of the establishment. The man who has gained a little experience in the past by dabbling in publicity has his founda- tion well laid for the success of the present season. Every step should be taken wisely and intelligently. Each proposition should be well considered before going into it. Start with the intention of making a success of the effort if success is any way within your reach. Plan and push. Be persistent and enthusiastic. Get into the business as many interesting features as possible. Start early and stay with it to the end. This is the only way to prove the value of what is being done.—Advertising World. ——__>2>__ The Chamois Becoming Extinct. The chamois is another animal that seems doomed to extinction. The com- plete disappearance of the pretty ani- mal from the French Alps is seriously threatened, and the scientific papers are calling for measures that will protect it. The chamois makes its refuge and home in the most inaccessible places, at heights varying from 2,500 to 11,500 feet, and yet the gun mercilessly hunts it out and shoots it down. There is a large reserve in Italy on which the animal is protected, and it is suggested that the same means be. adopted in France. Richins Sd en ae -— —~-/g.— = 0 CNC Nii ge tie A: oRtaren stn mmm eae oe : =~ ~~ > —_— NCR igen ae: MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 41 It Pays to Put Down Sauerkraut There is money in it. This machine will last a lifetime. Made in two sizes for hand and power. Best Kraut Cutter in the World Cuts 600 head cabbage in an hour. The World’s Site Meat Cutter The Buffalo Silent Have you seen it? It is a wonderful machine. Makes no noise. Cuts a batch in three minutes. Time and labor saver. John E. Smith’s Sons, Manufacturers of Butchers’ Machinery, BUFFALO, N. ¥. ; Also made to turn by hand. wl walatrlala leer a aaa laa sara aaa ra Whaler Waiaha Wiehe Something New for Retail Grocers. “Search-Light” Soap It is packed 100 big double bars in a box, with 15 large samples. 100 circulars and show card in each box. Price $3 60 per box—‘‘less freight’’ on a trial box order. We will ship it to you through any wholesale grocery house on regular terms, or direct from the factory. State which way when ordering. Retail price only 5 cents (fully worth 10) profit 40 per cent. «‘Search-Light’’ Soap saves boiling or scald- ing and saves hands, clothes, toil, time and fuel. It can be used with hot, warm or cold water and is guaranteed to do a perfect washing “both ways.’’ It is a pure benzine and borax labor-saving solid bar of sanitary soap. It makes 2 bars of excellent soap for removing dirt, grease, grime from the hands. You can order from your jobber’s traveling salesman or write direct to us. The less freight offer on one box is good only to Dec. r. SEARCH-LIGHT SOAP CO. Office and Works, DETROIT, MICH. Phones, Main 4883 and 3045. | AAARARAAARARAARARAAAAARRAAAAAAAARAARR SIERRA C EE = Che Williams Bros. Gs. Packers of Fancy Pickles, Preserves, Fruit Butters, Jellies, Catsups, Efe. These goods are of the finest quality. For sale by the trade generally. At wholesale by CLARK-JEWELL- = WELLS CO,, Grand Rapids, jobbers in Detroit, Bay City and all and Saginaw. Mich., Che Williams Bros. Zo., Detroit, Mich. Picklers and Preservers : : q 3 - MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE BICYCLE INDUSTRY. Will It Eventually Resume Its Former : Activity ? Your request for an article on the Rise and Fall of the Bicycle has been re- ceived. Iam not willing, personally, to ad- mit that the bicycle itself has fallen into disuse or disrepute. It still re- mains as it did—and always will—the poor man’s conveyance. Where can we find a vehicle capable of so much for so little? Even at a price of $100 each, bicycles would be cheap for hundreds of thousands who could hardly get along without them; and with the price of a really good bicycle below half that sum, the demands for its use as an eco- nomical vehicle doubled. My knowledge of the actual cost of producing and selling a good, strong, serviceable bicycle, as compared to other vehicles, leads me to say that I do not believe its equal for efficiency is going to be produced in many years at many times its cost to the consumer. A chain bicycle, as made by standard producers during the past three years, _ is good for three seasons’ use, during which time it will carry a 150 pound rider over from four to six thousand miles per year with little if any repairs. ‘At the end of that time, new tires, sprockets, chain and pedals may be nec- essary, to make it practically as good as new for another year or two, after which time the cost for repairs will make it unprofitable to use. In other words, it will be cheaper to invest $40 or $5oina new wheel. The life of a bevel-geared, _ Chainless is apparently more than twice that of a chain wheel. I know of chainless bicycles which have been run more than thirty-five thousand miles with less than $5 worth of repairs (ex- cepting the cost of three sets of tires) and are still doing service. The aver- ~age user will not ride his wheel over ten miles a day, or about three thousand miles per year. With such facts before us, can we fairly and with reason expect the bi- cycle to fall into disuse? Is there any known means of transportation which can effectively take its place? The trol- ley car and 3 cent fare will come the nearest to supplanting it, and, even then, there will be hundreds of small towns and thousands of farmers who can not be protitably reached by the trolley system for many years to come, if ever. So much for the bicycle itself. The rise of the bicycle and bicycle business I discussed in your sixteenth anniversary number. At that time the business had begun to feel the effects - of over-production. A combine or trust was being formed with a view to better- ing conditions and, as I then said, ‘‘If this combination employs the right methods, means and men, it will un- doubtedly better the conditions, ’’ which we all foresaw, and the rapid fall of the bicycle business from a commercial point of view would have been stayed, _ if not entirely prevented. The bicycle business has been, or is, passing "through much the same experiences as have all great moneymaking industries, and in time it will find its level. Mal. ers who deserve it will succeed ; the de- mand and price will be properly gauged ‘—Over-production and obsolete models will be unknown to the trade. Then, and only then, will we be able to say truthfully that ‘‘the bicycle business is - picking up.’’ _. 1 am often asked if the trust was of any benefit to itself or the trade in gen- are far more than- inevitable. Its methods were unwel- come to the dealer and publisher. The former, if he handled trust goods at all, did so with little if any confidence in them. He ceased to advertise a par- ticular brand, fearing its factory would be closed and he be left without the very brand of wheel on which he had spent time and money in creating a de- mand. If he were an anti-trust man— and thousands were—he dropped the line which had been his leader for years and took up an independent and _ prob- ably unknown make. Such moves put certain independent makers, whom the trust said were insolvent, on their feet, The press was antagonized by the trust’s department of publicity, which resulted in the circulation of all unfavorable re- ports and the suppression of all favor- able ones. Space writers who had been mistreated never lost an opportunity to ‘‘roast’’ the trust. All the advertising possible could not overcome this un- the part of the dealer was due, no doubt, to several causes: First, the press reports tended to unsettle matters ; next, the trust failed to come out and announce its policy (if ever it had one other than that of ‘‘concentration with a view to economy’’). This, the most important of all points, was carefully guarded. Dealers did not know what to do. They consequently did nothing and, naturally, sales fell off. If they wanted a repair, an order filled or any other information, so much ‘‘red tape’’ was in evidence as to disgust many. Competition among dealers in many lo- calities ceased, as might be expected. On top of all this came the closing of many popular factories, followed by an unmistakable evidence of a lack of har- mony in the ‘‘cabinet.’’ All things taken into consideration, it ‘“‘looks to a man up atree’’ as if the bicycle trust had failed to benefit the trade, itself, the public or the industry. popularity. The trust made the great mistake of not selecting the proper man for its department of publicity and then, again, in assuming that it had control of the business and of dictating to the dealer (which was properly and promptly resented in a manner which very materially affected the sales of the combination) ; to a lack of confidence in the trust more than to any other one thing do I attribute the sudden and aw- ful falling off of sales which resulted in what many people persist in terming the ‘‘ downfall of the bicycle business. ’’ _The day is not far distant when bi- cycles will be sold by dealers every- where much the same as other hard- ware, by the hardware merchant. The market will have been freed of the trash now being unloaded through mai] order houses and other sources equally as_un- reliable and annoying to the legitimate dealer. _ eral. In my opinion it but hastened the The lack of confidence in the trust on I doubt if the sales of the entire combi- -hation equal those of the two largest concerns at the time of its organization. In time, the combination may succeed in adjusting itself to the conditions and, if harmony becomes a feature of its management, we may look for its final success. By that time the old bicycles now in use and those in warehouses will be worn out and new ones needed. The trade will then say, as they are now saying of the carriage business, ‘‘It’s on the boom.’’ A word in regard to export trade: At one time we had a_very large foreign trade. American bicycles were in fa- vor and led all others in the estimation of foreign riders, as do most American- made products. Had this demand been properly handled and advertised by well-known American makers, who should have sent good representatives abroad and thus personally warned for- eign dealers of the danger in buying American trash, our best bicycle makers would now find a ready market for good wheels. Our export trade was ruined by the unloading of cheap trash made by makers who did not care for a good rep- utation and, as a result, American made bicycles are in disrepute. J. Elmer Pratt. ——__> 20> __ Greater Commercial Happiness Than Ever Before. The Michigan Tradesman, noting the fact that some of the trade papers are devoting much space to the matter of collecting old accounts and exterminat- ing dead-beats, remarks that it fails to find any reference to a subject of far greater importance than the collection of poor accounts and bad debts. That is an exceedingly timely and appropriate comment and applies with force to the majority of the discussion which is going on.. The Trade Journal agrees with its contemporary that if one-half of the thought and effort and expense expended on devising schemes to bring poor paying people to time were devoted to creating and maintain- ing methods to prevent the making of bad accounts, the merchants as a class would be better off. Credit transactions would be on a firmer basis and greater harmony between the merchants - and consumers would prevail. Merchants of St. Paul have had their experience with the old-time credit sys- tem, through which they have found their capital largely tied up in promises to pay that were never made good. Recently these gentlemen have tacked- ship, as it were, and while not aban- doning effort to collect accounts long standing and due, have highly resolved that no more such claims should appear upon their books. The customer who can not make payment or satisfactory settlement every thirty days is one whose patronage is regarded as undesir- able. Other communities than this will be glad to be made aware that the sys- tem, which was only adopted the first of September, is working admirably and is in every way satisfactory. In the first place the retailers are standing together on the resolve to extend no credit ex- cepting as above specified. This unity is wholesome, because of the fact that the old miscellaneous credit way was born of the fear of com- petition, which was largely responsible for the situation of the accounts of the merchants, but when the new leaf was turned over, it was mutually agreed that all should keep the covenant and ob- serve the new credit system. The retailers hereabouts are now well aware, if they never were before, that, as theTrade Journal has often said, they themselves are largely responsible for their predicament. This having been made plain to them, and appreciated by them, they wisely assume the responsi- bility of proceeding upon a different system and one which will leave them no bad accounts, and better still, no dead-beats to deal with. As a conse- quence, there is now greater commer- cial happiness in this community than ever before in its history.—St. Paul Trade Journal. —__——e0-2___ No Disguise. No man can disguise his voice in talking through a telephone. Every person has some little peculiarity of speech that, no matter how infinitesimal it may be, is sure to be accentuated and made more recognizable over the wire. voice will seem to speak more sharply; a gruff voice will be made more gruff, and by the same rule an insincere voice is given a greater tone of insincerity. The man who has a sharp ring in his - mentee CS, Piste eh seb, | BALL-BARNHART- {| PUTMAN CO. & Wholesale Grocers and Importers of Tea Established Incorporated a 1864 1890 er we aim to carry a stock which is complete in every department, we especially desire to call attention to the following goods, which we control in this territory and which we are able to guaran- tee to our customers because of their superior quality and uniform excellence : ¢ Duluth Imperial Spring Wheat Flour Diamond Winter Wheat Flour Elk Chop Japan Teas Heekin’s Coffees Tiger Brand Spices ~ Hemingway Canning Co.’s Extra Fancy Canned Goods Riverside Cheese Celebrated Right Thing Cigars We are always “at home” to our friends, and Retail Grocers visiting the city at any time are invited to call and shake hands and be shown through one of the oldest, largest and best equipped wholesale grocery establishments in the Middle West. os Ee Ball-Barnhart-Putman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN EARLY DAYS. Pioneer Merchandizing Methods In An- trim County. If tradition may be relied upon, the first wagonload of goods intended for a Central Lake store was never put in- side the building. This was some thirty years ago, and the places where supplies might be obtained were few and far between. Brownstown, now Torch Lake, was the nearest, and that was nine miles away. The inhabitants of this region had, however, a choice of trading places,and they went sometimes to Elk Rapids, twenty-five miles, oc- casionally to Pine River, now Charle- voix, twenty miles distant, and not in- frequently to Traverse. City, forty-three miles by road from Central Lake. When it became known that a store was to be Started at this point, excitement among the people within a fifteen mile radius was something to be talked of around the firesides for years to come. The be- ginning of the Spanish American war was nothing compared with it. As the time approached for ‘‘the opening,’’ men started for Central Lake, and for three or four days preceding the coming of the goods a small but anxious crowd thronged the neighborhood of the little building near the river bank. There was some delay in the arrival of the ox team that pulled in the supplies, and a number of prospective customers who _ lived at a considerable distance, camped out or stayed with accommodating friends. And so it came that when the deep reverberations of the ox teamster’s voice first echoed across the hills and through the fertile valleys of the Inter- mediate, as the lumber wagon that bore salvation to hungry Central Lakers creaked and groaned its sinuous way through the windings of what is now our beloved State street, and bumped over logs and dodged stumps as best it might, an eager throng was ready to carry off every scrap of merchandise that was in the load. And how they went for it! This was something like living! Goods at their very doors! (Some of these men lived fifteen miles away.) Was there meat? Of course. A whole barrel of salt pork—the kind we used to get, great slabs that weighed eighteen or twenty pounds, and some of it tougher than sole leather. A whole barrel! The-head was knocked in and a mental calculation made. Everybody wanted some, and in order to make it go around, the pieces had to be cut. These were weighed out on a set of steelyards. There was flour, too. Two barrels of it. Sugar? Fifty pounds— that was distributed. Tea? Yes, and tobacco. Nobody asked the brand. No one said he couldn't use that kind. He took what he got and looked pleasant, and when the goods were all parceled out and darkness had once more settled upon Mother Earth, the customers of the first store at Central Lake shouldered their burdens and started home on foot. And that was the beginning of the busi- ness that is now conducted under the firm name of Thurston & Co. It is now about twenty-three years since father and | landed at the Torch Lake dock and walked over to Central Lake. It was the month of May, the weather warm and pleasant, and the air filled with the beautiful blue vapor that hangs over this region the greater part of the year. The country was new and raw and unpolished, the farmers’ fields, what there were of them, plentifully studded with stumps, and the fences made of rails, logs or brush. The houses were of logs—some of them roofed with elm bark—the roads so bad it made one cry to ride over them. There were two horses only in this township and none east of us. Few farmers were as yet able to own cattle. One man, somewhat later, became locally famous by driving a team composed of a cow and a very tall, raw boned horse. Everything was in the rough. The experience of the writer does not cover a large area of Northern Michi- gan, and the ground touched upon by this article has very narrow confines. Twenty-three years ago Central Lake’s sole mercantile establishment consisted of a small room in a house near the bridge. There was a counter on one side, and the stock carried. consisted only of the most staple necessaries of life. The establishment was known as ‘‘The Central Lake Store,’’ and the goods were the property of Dexter & Noble, of Elk Rapids. My father and another man bought out the claim, en- about the only things that kept business moving. During the early part of this period, when there was absolutely no money in circulation here, people got so sick of “*slivers’’ that they frequently shoved them off in utter recklessness. A man with a pocketful bought what supplies he needed, and having a quantity left, said: ‘‘I don’t want to take these cussed things home. What else have you got that I can buy with ’em?’’ When the last one was gone, he departed happy but with an empty purse. Silkman had a store and sawmill at Torch Lake, and he issued scrip, too, but always pre- ferred to take it back from first hands, so that it never got into circulation as did the maple slivers. About this time Hannah, Lay & Co., of Traverse City, were doing business in a lot of wooden buildings near the bay, back of where their present store is situated. Smith Barnes was the man- larged the building and the stock, and | all seemed favorable for a rosy future. Great interest was manifested by the | residents of this part of the country at | the improvements that were being made. People came for long distances to trade | here. It seemed encouraging to have | a large selection of goods to choose | from and a chance to sell country prod- uce. The Elk Rapids Iron Co. bought | quantities of cord wood, and paid for it | largely with due bills on Dexter & Noble’s store. This firm pursued quite a | liberal policy toward country merchants, and did a heavy business in supplying | them with goods at reasonable prices, | taking from them this scrip, or ““maple | slivers,’’ as it was commonly called, in| payment. Pearl at Eastport. and Coy | at Alden (then Spencer Creek) also handled large amounts of this medium of exchange, and at times when money | was scarce, it and leeky butter were ager of the mercantile department, and they tell even now of the large quan- tities of some kinds of goods that he bought in the fall, before navigation closed. This firm supplied numberless lumbering camps, besides many country stores, and it was said that if he bought pork cheap in the fall, it was sold at a corresponding price as long as it lasted. However, as it sometimes happened that the purchase was made at a high figure, and the market slumped after- wards, merchants found it to their ad vantage to haul their supplies of meat from even as remote a point as Big Rapids. But this store is now con- ducted in a modern building, and, al- though erected some time ago, is prob- ably the largest of its kind in Northern Michigan, and its manager, Herbert Montague, is considered one of the rep- resentative and progressive business men of the State. The changes for the better in Traverse City are many and from marked. I bave spoken of some of them in a previous paper,and do not feel that I could do justice to the subject even were | to try. Traverse City is its own best exponent. At Spencer Creek R. W. Coy hada funny old barracks where he sold goods, and he parted with lots of them, too, even in the times when customers were scarce. He lived to see his small be- ginning grow into a large and _prosper- ous business, and to build a fine store and equip it as he wished. He and * Smith Barnes, William Cameron, of Torch Lake, and H. H. Noble, the pioneer merchant of Elk Rapids, have passed to the Great Beyond. But they each set a mark for honest business methods, for liberality and fair dealing, and from the fastnesses of the primeval Michigan forests they carved for poster- ity a path that is broad and straight and stretches onward and ever onward to something more than the mere acquire- ment of a heavy purse. The trade in Northern Michigan twenty years ago was vastly different from what it is now. The residents of this region were generally known as ‘‘mossbacks,’’ the legend running that one who would voluntarily immure himself in the fastnesses of the Grand Traverse country was like a fallen tree —dead to the world and would soon be covered with a thick mat of nature’s green, The mossbacks took this sally in good part and carried on the joke by playfully scraping imaginary moss from one another, or backing up to a conven- ient door jamb and rubbing their spinal columns against its edge. They were a jolly lot, as I remember them. Happy-go-lucky—many of them— some shiftless and improvident. They (not all) were content with a log shack and a two acre clearing where were yearly grown a small patch of potatoes and a handful of hay. Fish from the lake in summer, a stray deer shot in or out of season, a job of cutting cordwood in the winter and a little maple sugar in the spring furnished their rather ir- regular menu, and the means wherewith to get their few simple requirements ““the store. ’’ This was the people from whom .the merchant of the early days drew his trade, and it stood him well in hand to make the most of it, for it was all there was. But if the means and the neces- sities of the early farmer were confined by narrow limits, the same may be said of those of the dealer. The law held good then that does now, namely, to gauge expenses according to size of in- come. How those early settlers used to swarm into the store on stormy days and sit around, smoking villainous home- grown tobacco in all manner of foul- smelling pipes. They told Stories, compared notes on the weather, the crops, the prospects for a reduction in the price of flour and better figures for logs and cordwood. They cursed the log scaler roundly—in his absence—and for- mulated plans for his ultimate destruc- tion. They told how they used to do things in Canady, or down t’ the south part. This expression, a very common one here at one time, may need a word of explanation. It was sometimes varied to read ‘‘down t’ the south part the State,’’ or over in Alpeny, and never failed to draw unfavorable comparisons between the methods, the goods and the prices of the home dealer and those of some merchant in the far off valleys of their boyhood dreams. They said that farming wouldn't pay MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 45 RBEERABBBEBLBB BRB Established 1872. Incorporated 1890. BS LEMON & WHEELER f SS 2 COMPANY : S Ss i ss % § “ Largest Importers of Teas ¥ in Western Michigan, controlling the distribution of the following well-known brands: r = : A e Q Oo “Forget Me Not” Japan Teas, Thompson & Taylor Spice Co.’s “Diamond” Coffees, Bay State Milling Co.’s Wingold Flour, ») Coal Oil Johnny Soap, Acme Canned Tomatoes, “Rapid” Canned Tomatoes, Larson’s Celebrated “Champion of England” Canned Peas, Seward Fancy Red Alaska Salmon, “Climax” Extra Fancy Canned Corn, Imperial Fancy Canned Corn, Acme Cheese. ais Being conveniently situated near the Union depot, we most cordially invite all merchants visiting Grand Rapids to confer upon us the pleasure of calling at our establishment when in the city, to the end that closer relationship may be cul- tivated to our mutual benefit. preres Ah Hh Ak Ah Ah Ae SSR RST Ah Hh Ae Ae Re Ss Ss Ss 53 Simon Pure Spices and Extracts, % § § 5 : id PL a Se SR ae a a a MICHIGAN TRADESMAN in ‘‘Grand Travis.’’ They believed it, too, and repeated it unti] it became an _axiom. It was so. With the cordwood played out and the sawlogs cut, the farms would all grow up to brush. Northern Michigan would become a barren waste. That was twenty years ago, and even yet, with splendid farms on every side, with farmers who have grown rich till- ing the lands of which we speak, even in the face of this, the same old croaker is abroad with the same old song, ‘*Farming in Grand Travis won’t pay. As soon as the timber is cut and the sawmills shut down, nobody can’t live in Grand Travis.’’ Bosh! These early settlers had a mission to perform. They cleared land, established highways, built schools and elected rep- resentatives who made many wise, al- though some impracticable, laws. Later, when they had proved up on their homesteads, many of them sold out or mortgaged, and these lands fell into the hands of a more thrifty and provident class who, perhaps not adapted to the opening up of a new country nor to en- during the hardships incident thereto, were nevertheless able to take up the thread of ‘improvement and follow it with a steadier stride and a better un- derstanding of the requirements of mod- ern civilization than those who went before. Northern Michigan is now dotted with thrifty, well-built and wisely-governed modern villages. The business of sell- ing goods was never in better condition, nor did its future ever wear a brighter smile than now. With good railroads, splendid service by the lake boats, and the quick and reliable communication with the large cities thus obtained, with prosperous farming and fruit-producing communities on all sides, and many large and apparently permanent manu- facturing establishments throughout its entire length; with climate, soil and scenery of a quality difficult to excel, I see no reason why Northern Michigan will not be a better, richer and more populous country and make greater ad- vancement. for good in the next twenty years than it has in the twenty years last past. What the future holds in store for us is largely a matter of conjecture. But come what will, let us voice the senti- ment of the lay brother who, when unex- pectedly called upon to ask the blessing, said in a subdued voice: “*For that which we are about to re- ceive,may the Lord make us thankful.’’ Geo. L. Thurston. > 0. ___ Necessity For Occasional Rest. From the Springfield Republican. The necessity for an occasional rest from labor, and more particularly for some out-door recreation, is shown by some interesting experiments recently conducted at Munich, which demon- ‘Strate that the system loses oxygen to the amount of one ounce as the result of a hard day’s work. It has been found that the laborer does not recover during the night the oxygen he has thus over- drawn, but that an occasional day of rest intervening at the right time will serve completely to restore him. It is equally the case in other kinds of labor, whether mental or physical. A complete day’s rest gives renewed vitality and renewed energy to recommence work. 0 __ A Japanese firm has leased an old brewery in West Berkeley, Cal., and proposes to manufacture liquors for the -Japanese residents of this country. Jap- anese heverages made here can be sold at a_price much lower than the cost of the imported liquors at San Francisco. THE BEAN TRADE. Michigan Stands at the Head in Point of Production. The writer may be said to have started in on the ground floor in the bean busi- ness, his first experience having been as a boy on his knees in the dirt, pulling beans at 10 cents a row in New York State away back in 1866. The rows,as I remember them now, looked at least ten miles long. This, however, is probably due to the backaches, which are also easily remembered. The raising of beans in quantities for market commenced in New York State about 1840, when the first wagonload of them was sold in Orleans county. The production has gradually increased up to 1901, when we _ produced about 10,000,000 bushels in the United States and Canada, Michigan standing at the head in the amount produced, although she did not get into the field very ex- tensively until about 1890. The price expense of about 10 cents per bushel, all told. Formerly the pods were stored in the barn until! the first cold days of winter, when they were threshed out with the old-fashioned flail, which as a gymnastic exercise beats all the mod- ern appliances out of sight. Sometimes the barn floor was covered to the depth of one or two feet and horses were driven around on them, two or three men constantly turning them with forks. After threshing came the cleaning through the fanning mill to remove the vast amount of pods, dirt, etc. All this was tedious, slow work, but kept the appetites of the boys up to high water mark. Prices, as a whole, did not aver- age much different from recent years. The production in Michigan twenty years ago was probably not over 100,000 bushels; this year’s estimate is over 4,000,000 bushels. The process of handling beans in the elevators has necessarily changed very has varied greatly, ranging as high as $6 in 1870 and down to 50 cents in 1806. The demand, on the whole, has kept pace with the production, and we be- lieve will continue to do so. Great changes have taken place dur- ing the last twenty years in the methods of handling on the farm, as well as by the elevators. Then they were usually planted with a hoe and cultivated with a one horse cultivator. Now a two horse planter plants ten to twelve acres a day in rows thirty inches apart and a farmer rides on a two horse cultivator and cares for the crop. At that time all were pulled by hand labor at a cost of $2.50 to $3 per acre. About 1880 the first successful harvester was brought out. One man, with a pair of horses, now harvests ten acres a day at an ex- pense of 25 cents per acre. The bean thresher, with power furnished by a steam engine,, was introduced about 1875, the threshing being done at an much also in the last few years. They were usually thrown into a bin and from there scooped by hand into a fanning mill turned by hand, then placed on stationary tables and the inferior beans picked out by girls or women, and from there carried and dumped into bags or barrels. At the modern elevator the farmer drives to the door, dumps his bags into a hopper beside his wagon, from which they are elevated into a large power cleaner, from this into a hopper scale, and then elevated to the top of the building, then passing through a machine-picker that removes about three-fourths of the discolored beans, passing again to the cupola, where they are spouted onto a moving canvas, either a separate macbine with one girl at the end, or a wider and a longer one with a row of girls on each side, who remove all the defective beans which the machines have failed to catch. For this work they get 2% to 3 cents per pound for each pound they pick out. The good beans, which are now called choice hand picked, pass to bins below and are ready to be drawn into bags. The only hand labor from farmer to car, except sorting by girls, is sewing the sacks and wheeling into cars. I have gone over this process briefly, thinking it might be of interest to those not familiar with the process. The industry is of more importance than generally supposed, and will bring into the State this season from $6,000, - 000 to $8,000, 000, C, E. Burns. > -»—___ Will Not Be Permitted. A physician who describes himself as a nerve specialist, but who must he more or less of a freak, recently went to Chicago and announced his purpose to make suicide not only easy but attrac- tive. His proposition is a most grue- some one. He points out that com- munities are frequently shocked by find- ing a discolored human body in a lake or, badly mutilated by gunshot wounds, in the park or by the roadside. So he thinks he will establish a place where those who wish to put an end to their existence can do so with environment and surroundings to them attractive. All they will have to do when they go into this suicide parlor is to sit down in an easy chair, touch a button and the apparatus will do the rest. This remark- able physician answers the objections which statutory law would raise against his project by declaring that the law of humanity seeks to make the grave easy of approach to those who wish to lie there. There are those who advocate that suicide is of itself a sure evidence of insanity. This is not a unanimously accepted theory, because in many cases cowards prefer death to confessing the consequences of their deeds. The de- faulter discovered, the man who mur- ders in the heat of passion and like offenders, suddenly overcome by a reali- zation of their sins and prompted by keen remorse, sometimes hasten to death rather than endure humiliation and penalty. Another class of suicides —and it is a large one—are those whose minds for some reason or other become temporarily unbalanced. Suicidal op- portunities put within their reach would be quickly improved,and yet these same people, if committed to a hospital for the insane and properly treated, show a large percentage of recoveries and many of them lead busy, useful lives and die a natural death. The suicidal mania seems to be contagious. A_sen- sational suicide is pretty sure to be fol- lowed by others apparently influenced by it, because their disordered minds have been attracted and they have not will power and sense enough to serve asa balance wheel in the temporary excite- ment. Of course, this physician’s sui- cide parlors will never get further than a suggestion, but the circulars he is sending out and the advertising he is getting are of themselves a baneful in- fluence. — o> ______ Tramp Cars. A great many oranges are shipped East in what are ‘known as ‘tramp cars.’’ There is no fruit the price of which fluctuates as much as does that of oranges, conse quently thousands of car- loads of the fruit are started East with some uncertain destination. The car may be consigned to Kansas City, but in the meantime there are agents watch- ing in the East for the best markets and on telegraphic information the car may be ordered on to Chicago or New York. 2. __ The Dissatistied Customer. The customer is the merchant's right- ful critic, and must be carefully studied in his various phases, more especially in his protests. His approval is seldom expressed by other than silent endorse- ment. Likes and dislikes must be di- vined from his tantrums when matters go wrong. A man in your line of trade understands the difficulties and vexa- tions that daily beset you, but the aver- age customer is uncharitable, prone to fly elsewhere when dissatisfied. While infinite pains is needed to please him, there are several dozen ways in which he may he slighted or offended—many little shortcomings that will creep into the best-kept shops despite constant watching. A green clerk can undo six months of his employer's best efforts in five minutes, and send a regular pur- chaser out of the front door full of pre- judice against that particular store. Certain goods may have deteriorated in quality, or a defective article may have been sold unwittingly ; a customer may have been kept waiting beyond his turn, a flippant boy may have indulged in a bit of slang repartee—any one of a score of common causes may have aroused his resentment and undermined his good opinion of the place. The merchant must, perforce, regain his good will and remedy the defect by the hard-won hint. Of course, almost every business day brings its example of the unreasonable or chronic or habitual grumbler, but it is plainly good policy to study the dis- satisfied customer and adjust faults in stock, system and working force by his dislikes, for he is the most reliable indi- cator of things gone wrong. —Keystone. ——~»s202s___ Minor Chords. Do not ‘‘blow’’ about your business to customers; they might conclude that you are doing too much. Do not ask two prices. Your customer might think that the other fellow gets the lowest. Do not keep a clerk down. Your com- petitor might lift him up. _Vo not fail to keep your engagement with the traveling salesman. His time Js money. Do not expect returns from your first advertisement the same day. It takes — for seeds to take root. © not say a word in your advertise- ment that you will have to ‘‘eat.’’ In- digestion is troubles a i Penteher esome.—Cloihier and OF GRAND RAPIDS Authorized Capital Stock, One [lillion Dollars Owned by Michigan People. Managed by Michigan Men sh aS SR TSS ate MSO og oi oe ae This map shows the Independent Tele~ phone toll lines and connections now in operation, except that the broken lines indicate that construction is not yet completed. There are over 24,000 Telephones on these lines in Michigan. INDEPENDENT TELEPONE TOLL UES GIMMECTHONS OF LOWER MICHIGAN Published bv CITIZENS TELEPHONE COMPANY, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. May, 1901 % Pentwarer| Orneeas ake Gh “. i . ed wee ea rest By, “a 3 J : oF rc Ht sik Pr % 4 as i DSewih Acen a Poet Aveta oy ~ Brine, 2>—____ Experience in Trying to Tame an Errand Boy. ‘‘The trouble between the small shop- keeper and his customers,’’ said a Col- umbus avenue haberdasher, ‘‘is due in large measure to the errand boy. I know I was a boy once, and I do not expect a boy who works for $3 a week to take the same interest in my business that I do. But my customers are not so charitable. In fact, they do not even consider the boy. They kick to me. ‘Take that boy of mine for a sam- ple. After a bunch of experiences with others I hired this one and tried to tame him by taking an interest in him. His mother is a poor woman. One evening when it was raining I sent him home in a hack. He had told me it was his mother’s birthday, and I gave hima dollar, and a small package of fruit for his mother. ‘*Two hours later the driver came back and said the boy had stopped on the way and invested in cigarettes, and had invited him in to take a drink. Then the boy tried to bribe the driver to drive him to a theater, and when the driver refused the boy cursed him and banged his feet against the doors of the hack. ‘*At first I.thought of discharging the boy. But what was the use? I asked myself. The next boy would do some- thing worse. I gave the boy a lecture, not a severe one, but-one which I thought would make him sorry. He was a pretty fair specimen of a juvenile reformer for a week. Soon after I sent him to my house. ‘*While he was on his way | called up my wife and told her to give hima lunch. She did so. He ate like a hired man. Then he put upa pitiful story about his mother’s illness. My wife gave him half a dollar to take to his mother. As he passed out of the house he met my son, who is several years younger than himself, and persuaded him to go along. My own boy went home sick and confessed that he had been smoking cigarettes with pop’s messenger boy, who had spent the money which my wife gave him. ‘‘All that time several packages for my customers were waiting to be deliv- ered. One of the packages was delivered so late that the man refused to receive it. The goods came back. I lost a cus- tomer. I am not saying that this boy is any worse than the average boy who is employed to run errands. I have had trouble with a lot of ’em. Each boy has his particular brand of cussedness. Each one soon forms the acquaintance of other boys in the neighborhood and they form a trust on loafing. ‘““‘We can’t employ men to run er- rands. Our business requires us to hire cheap boys. You can philosophize all you please, but you can’t make a $3-a- week boy believe that there is any fu- ture for him. Sufficient unto the day is the sum and substance of his existence. And so the small merchant is at the mercy of this urchin. We have to sub- mit.”’ The merchant had a call at the tele- phone. After putting up the receiver he continued : _‘‘That was a ring from the police sta- tion. They’ve got my boy locked up for breaking the window of a Chinese laun- dry. I’ve got to get him out because I have six packages here awaiting deliv- ery.’’ Sn nein i as nen SSSSSSSSSSSISSSISSSSSISSSISSINSSINSISsIISSISII5N055 LYON, KYMER & PALMER CO. We cordially invite the trade to inspect the most carefully selected assortments we have ever j exhibited, among which are the following: Ee aR. OR OR TA f Photograph albums, autograph albums, scrap albums, atomizers, cuff and collar boxes, cigar cases, cribbage boards and boxes, frames, glove and hand- kerchief boxes, jewel cases, lap tablets, manicure sets and fittings, music rolls, mirrors, necktie cases, opal ware, odor bottles, photo cases, shaving sets, IWNWNATE RR. PALNLE R 7 ». : A “ 7 re va ee A oma smokers’ sets, toilet sets and fittings, trinket boxes, thermometers, work boxes, medallions, fancy waste baskets. TOYS Iron and mechanical toys, A, B, C blocks, building blocks, tool chests, par- lor croquet, games, black boards. BOOKS Standard and miscellaneous, juveniles, twelve mos., sixteen mos., illustrated books, bibles and testaments, Episcopal prayer books and hymnals, Catho- lic prayer books, school book, standard sets, encyclopzdias, new novels, etc. f LYON, KYMER & PALMER CO. BOOKSELLERS, STATIONERS, IMPORTERS, 20-22 MONROE STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS ASSIS SSSsisstss was WR a, Wa. a a eR, DOR 2 e & Yapslee tir ag spate eee MICHIGAN TRADESMAN— His Young Hopefal’s Inexperience Cost the Storekeeper Dearly. Written for the Tradesman. An old lady came in from the country one day to buy some overshirts for her husband. A few days before that she had read in the paper that Mr. So-and- So was selling men’s overshirts ata bargain, so she went in the store and said to the clerk: ‘‘Mista Clerk, I vas been reading in da newspaper you are selling men’s overshirts at-bagans, I vant vone for my man.’’ The clerk showed her the overshirts and, after handling them over a couple of dozen times and soiling them with her dirty hands, she finally made up her mind to]- - take one. The price was 29 cents. She paid the clerk the money and went back home in the country. The proprietor of this store hada son aged 12. He had never clerked in the store and knew no more about sell- ing goods than a six months old baby. Some days after the old country wom- an's visit the clerks had all gone to din- ner and left the proprietor all alone in the store. He began to get very hun- gry so he thought he would telephone to his home and tell his son to come over and attend the store while he was gone to dinner. The boy came and his father told him how to attend the store while he went to dinner. Said the son: ‘‘Papa, I don’t know anything about selling goods.”’ ‘"Well,’’ replied the father, ‘‘some of the clerks will soon be back and you won't be alone but a very few min- utes. "’ So the proprietor went to dinner. Just about two minutes after his departure the same old country lady came into the store. Finding only the young lad in the place, she asked him: ‘‘Wha is all da men from dis here store?’’ ‘All gone to dinner. Is there some- thing you want to buy,’’ asked the lad. ‘“*Yes. A few days ago I bought some shirts from a man here. So I want one other one like it.’’ The young boy, having had no ex- perience, did not think of asking her what kind she wished, whether over- shirts or undershirts. He found the un- dershirts first and pulled out the very best they had in the store, selling for $1.25 a garment. ‘‘How much they cost?’’ asked the old country woman. ‘‘How much did you pay for the one you got the other day?’’ asked the lad. ‘‘I paid 29 cénts,’’ replied the old lady. The boy, not knowing anything at all about the quality of goods, said: ‘*Well, ma’am, you can have this for the same price—only 29 cents.’’ The old farm woman, seeing such a great bargain—a $1.25 shirt for only 29 cents —took the garment and did not stay to buy an overshirt. She paid the lad the money and went back to the country. Shortly the clerks began coming back to the store from dinner, and did not think to ask the lad if he had made any sales. Later, the proprietor came back from his dinner. He asked his son if he had sold anything. The lad replied glibly: ‘*Oh,yes, papa. I sold an undershirt for 29 cents,’’ whereupon his father asked the young Jad to show him what kind he had sold. The boy went to the place where he had got the garment he sold and pulled out another just like it. The proprietor asked his son how much he had sold it for. ‘"I sold it for 29 cents,’’ answered the boy. ‘What !’’ said the father. nine cents!’’ ‘“Yes, papa, only 29 cents.’’ The father of the lad was well aware that his son knew nothing about selling goods, so he just looked at him fora while and said nothing. Finally, re- covering himself, he said: **My son, I don’t blame you at ail, because you do not know anything about the store, nor the prices either, but that garment you sold cost me $1 at wholesale. ’’ ‘*Did it really, papa?’’ ‘*Yes, my son.*’ The young lad was completely shocked and had nothing to say and went home feeling very blue over the loss—which, however, did not utterly bankrupt the proprietor. Meyer M. Cohen. —-—»-6-~2 Cocoa, Cacao and Coca, From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. ‘*Speaking of confusion in the use of words,’’ said a visitor to the city from Nicaragua, ‘‘I read a story some time ago which was credited to a physician, and 1 was impressed with the belief that he was either misquoted or that he had gotten slightly mixed in his botany. He was talking about coca, cocaine, coco-cola and things of that sort, and he attempted to straighten out some of the popular errors; but instead of do- ing so he made matters worse. **Now, I am engaged in the business of a cacao planter, near San Carlos, and I believe I ought to know something about the business. Cacao is one thing, cocoa is another and coca is still an- other. Cocoa is the ordinary cocoanut. Cocoa is not made from the seed of the chocolate tree, but chocolate is made from the seed of the cacao, the bromo cacao. It isa rather curious fact that this word cacao is invariably spelled incorrectly in newspaper advertisements. Any good botanical dictionary will show you the difference between cocoa, the cocoanut palm; cacao, the bromo cacao, and coca, the cocaine shrub. Yet these words are commonly confused and misspelled in newspapers and other advertising mediums, and the members of the medical profession, it seems, are not exempt from the same mistakes. They are separate things, with separate properties and have separate uses.’’ ‘“Twenty- > 2 2 ____ In 1700 were made the first brooms in this country from the broom corn grown on American soil. The brooms were made in Philadelphia and the event was spoken of at the time as an_ illustration of the development of the country. BGASACASCACAECA. CA. CA. CA Air Tight Heaters Stove Pipe, Elbows, Stove Trimmings, Etc. s ; 5 ; ; ; 5 ; ; = We manufacture a full line of these goods and would like to quote you our prices. Our cata- logue shows our entire line of goods. WM. BRUMMELER 5 5 ; $ ; 5 5 ; ; ; ; ; ; , 7 & SONS ; Manufacturers and Jobbers of $ Sheet Metal Goods, Tinware, $ Tinners’ and Roofers’ $ Supplies ; ¥ 249-263 S. lonia St. § GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. COLO CHOEH LA LOLAP EDP UD, Rubbers MADE THE BES Send for Catalogue Goodyear Rubber Co. 382 & 384 E. Water St. Milwaukee, Wisconsin W. W. Wallis, Manager FAMILY COUNTER MARKET CANDY POSTAL PELOUZE HEM GAUGE ICE and 10 cts. COMPUTING “ Get your Hem | Straight’’ — | PELOUZE jCOFFEE PERCOLATOR } 25 cts. : : : : : : : : : PAH AIR, CLOTH, FLESH, OFFICERS JULIUS BERKEY, President S. S. GAY, Vice-President SOSSSOSSS HOGG OHHOSS OSS HO SCHSOHSOOS COSCO SSESOOOOOVOS J. D. M. SHIRTS, Secretary-Treasurer and General Manager ESTABLISHED 1871 GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, UD. S. A. Cc. C. CONVERSE JULIUS BERKEY S. S. GAY N. W. NORTHROP DIRECTORS J. C. RICKENBAUGH J. D. M. SHIRTS GEO. C. SHIRTS iad 9O999OSS 000900066 0 60000000000006000 ! Piet Loeiieicckd cae itcn cians scene Re uae 52 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS. The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Present Law. Every civilized country has in some shape or another a bankruptcy law. Such a law is needed where trade is ex- tensive or commerce widespread. The old Roman Em pire and the re- publics of Genoa and Venice had bank- ruptcy laws. Holland, France, Ger- many and England have bankruptcy laws to-day. Trade and credit must al- ways go hand in hand. It is computed that 95 per cent. of the business of our country is conducted on a credit basis. There have been four different acts of bankruptcy or bankruptcy laws passed in this country. The first was in 1801, the second in 1841, the third in 1867 and the fourth and last in 1808, the for- mer acts having been considered very expensive to the creditors; but no such complaint can be laid up against the present act. In the first place, the National Asso- ciation of Credit Men is in favor of the present bankruptcy law, and these men are the persons who make the credit for the large jobbing houses throughout the country. In their meeting at Milwau- kee last year they passed the following resolutions with an almost unanimous voice, after the bankruptcy law had been in operation a couple of years: Resolved—That the National Associa- tion of Credit Men in convention as- sembled hereby re-affirms its faith in the justice and efficiency of the National bankruptcy law; and be it further re- solved that it is the sense of this Asso- ciation that the present bankruptcy law, while embodying the essential prin- ciples of bankruptcy legislation, is sus- ceptible of amendments, to the end that its operation shall be thoroughly effec- tive. In this way the great Credit Associa- tion endorsed the present bankruptcy law, acknowledging that it has some faults, but resolved to try and remedy them. A little later the Commercial Law League of America, composed of law- yers and managers of collection depart- ments from the largest houses in the country, in convention assembled by a practically unanimous vote reiterated their endorsement of the National bank- ruptcy law, at the same time asking for certain amendments that in their esti- mation might tend to improve it. Furthermore, the credit men who rep- resent the great houses in this country claim that, without exception, they grant credit more freely since the ad- vent of the bankruptcy law, as they are now sure that some relative or friend will not get a mortgage preferring them- selves and shutting out the mercantile creditors altogether or putting them so low in the list that the assets will all be disposed of before their turn is reached. Of course, there is objection raised in some quarters to the bankruptcy law, because it has heretofore been the cus- tom for certain houses to start some fel- low in business and, after having started him, if he proved a success, the . Same house would sell him nearly all his goods, but if he proved a failure, would stop selling him and allow him to get credit from other parties, and when he got trusted from everybody he could, he would kindly give to the party who started him a mortgage protecting him -and shutting out the balance of his hon- est creditors and honest debts. This he can not do under the present bankruptcy law. Of course, the bankruptcy law has been a means of enabling honest deht- ors, whom the vicissitudes of fortune have overtaken and who have failed without any fault of their own, to get into business and become active mem- bers of. the commercial world; and that has accounted in a great measure for the great number who have gone through bankruptcy, as appears by the news- papers, without any visible assets, but with a large amount of indebtedness. It is estimated that about 50,000 have gone through bankruptcy since the pass- age of the act of 1898. Nearly all of these who have, in such a case, wished to take advantage of the bankruptcy law, and have what is termed ‘‘their name back,’’ have already done so. The present law has cut down the ex- penses of the referees, trustees and at- torneys, so that neither the referees nor the trustees nor the lawyers will get any such fees out of estates as they did un- der the old bankruptcy law of 1867. The trustees and referees under the present law complain a great deal about (a) Committed an offense punishable by imprisonent. (b) With intent to conceal his true financial condition, destroyed, con- cealed or failed to keep books of ac- count or records from which his condi- tion might be ascertained, having ob- tained property or credit by means of any material statements known by him to be false, made in writing to any per- son for the purpose of obtaining credit. (c) Made fraudulent transfers of any portion of his property to any per- son. (d) In the course of the proceedings refused to obey any lawful order or to answer any question approved by the court. (e) If the bankrupt had gone through bankruptcy proceedings once before, not to be allowed a second discharge, with- out his assets equal at least 50 or 75 per cent. of his liabilities at a fair valua- tion. the insufficiency of their fees, and I am inclined to believe that if the old bank- ruptcy law of 1867 had not provided for such large fees it would have been in existence to-day. As to the amendments to the present bankruptcy law, I would suggest the fol- lowing: First. The bankruptcy law could be improved by allowing creditors, who sell goods to a debtor or bankrupt and who receive money within four months in the regular course of business, with- out any knowledge of the insolvency of the bankrupt at the time of the pay- ments, to retain the payments that have been received in the regular course of business, and to prove up the balance of their claims against the estate, regard- less of whether they have extended credit to the debtor in the meantime or not. Second. I would make the following grounds opposition to discharge : Third. To allow proceedings for the recovery of property belonging to the bankrupt’s estate (and held adversely by others), to be commenced in either the state or United States courts and not compel the creditors to go to the state court to commence suit for the recovery of property that belonged to the bank- rupt and ought to form a portion of said estate; and also for the recovery of preferences paid to creditors with knowledge on the part of the creditors of bankrupts insolvency. Of course, there are decisions both ways,some holding that the proceedings may be commenced by the trustee in bankruptcy in the United States court and others holding that it must be com- menced in the state court. Now an amendment to the bankruptcy law at the next session of Congress, giving the United States court jurisdic- tion concurrent with the state court, would settle the question of where the proceedings should be commenced, and settle it much to the interest of the creditors and litigants; for, when such proceedings are commenced in the state court, it might take two years In our State to dispose of same, and in other states a longer time, and the settlement of the estate is delayed that length of time. Fourth. A corporation which may be- come an involuntary bankrupt should also*be permitted to becomes voluntary bankrupt, under proper restrictions as to notice to shareholders and a vote by them in favor of filing a petition. Fifth. Limitation on provable or dis- chargeable debts, so that the existing confusion concerning claims for alimony, seduction, etc., shall be cleared up. Sixth. A more summary procedure in involuntary cases, both before and after issue, thus shortening the time for appearing to plead. Seventh. Such changes in Section 7-a (9) and Section 21-a as will prevent a bankrupt from declining to testify on the ground that his evidence will tend to incriminate him; also compelling a wife to testify even if she is not a com- petent witness under the laws of the State. As to the good features of the bank- ruptcy law, 1 would submit the following : First. It has been the means of fur- nishing a discharge from his debts and allowing many an honest business man to re-enter the business world. Second. It has destroyed preferences and made it possible for all creditors to share alike in an insolvent estate. Third. By it creditors have the nam- ing of their own trustee to look after the estate and their interests and are not compelled to accept one chosen by the insolvent and his friends. Fourth. It has reduced litigation be- tween the debtor and creditor class at least one-third. Fifth. It has made the creditor more conservative in regard to examining the condition of those to whom he ex- tends credit. Sixth. It has reduced the expenses of administering an insolvent estate much below the amount charged under the trust mortgage or assignment. Seventh. It also compels the bank- rupt to account for his property to the trustee in bankruptcy, and if he fails to do so the United States officials take hold of him and place him in jail, to remain until such time as he will ac- count for the same; as I have a case in this district where the bankrupt, Henry Jaffe, of Alba, Michigan, having failed to account for his property to George H. Reeder, the trustee in bankruptcy, has been committed by United States District Judge Wanty to jail for con- tempt, until such time as he will pay over to his trustee in bankruptcy the amount unaccounted for. This couid not be done under our State law _previ- ous to the passage of the bankruptcy act. ae The easy manner in which dishonest debtors formerly shut out the honest creditors in this State reminds me of a story: The worldly minded Mr. A., who was a merchant, had a son who be- came very much interested in a maga- zine article, entitled, ‘‘Is Marriage a Failure?’’ and, not being quite certain of the author’s conclusion, the son ap- proached his parent and anxiously en- quired, ‘‘Father, do you think mar- triage is a failure?’? Mr. A., whose commercial instinct was always in evi- dence, replied, ‘‘No, my dear boy, I do not think marriage is as good asa - Bements ‘Sons EB Banwnts ine EE Henan Sons ons a Bement Sons Jansing Michigan. ~ Jansing Michigan. Jansing Michigan. Jansing Michigan. Jansing Michigan. ‘lensing Michigan. _ densing Michigan, ant ‘Sons | ing Michigan. Jansi Sons ements EB ntsSons FE Be ements Jansing Michigan. ments Jansing Michigan. ons ichigan but we would like to increase this ichigan. E Bob Sled Catalogue ? Bements § lansing M ch I Jansing M an. Sons gan ichi ing Michig Jansing M ments é B é ments Sons F Ben sin Jan: uality, greater in quantity and variety than that of any other pl E Sons EB igan. Sons I Zz < = n Li} OQ < o Zz < O L O = ichi ments ing M, a B e NSN ments Jansing Michigan. I F Bement’ Sons E fansing Michigan. Our goods are now handled by 1,150 retail dealers in Michigan, list with your name. — —_ = gan. Sons (Chi Stove Catalogue, Implement Catalogue, The output of our factory is higher in q é E.Bements Jansing Michigan. a FE. Bements Jansing Mi sin, NE Bements § ons ' Would You Like to Receive Our % * in Michigan. TeORDIW Bursuey Tedigony Gursue] ‘Teo Gursuel _ Teo sajsTe] ‘Tea Girsae] ‘Tedipoiy Girsaey Su6S ae J ee hi iii q oe Tq _SUOS SITs q SU0S SUE "q acer et} pleas belated tay tines Lidl ine a Eats a ky MICHIGAN TRADESMAN failure, but, if a young man is lucky enough to marry a rich girl it is almost as good as a fire.’’ Now the way commercial matters were running in this State previous to the passing of the bankruptcy act was about as follows: The party who intended to fail would order goods of all creditors that he could purchase from and when the time of payment came he would give a trust mortgage to some friend, securing his brothers, cousins and aunts, sometimes including a bank, but in no case, or at least very rarely, in- cluding his honest commercial creditors, and when the mortgage was foreclosed the creditors who had furnished the merchandise got left, and at the end of the proceedings the dishonest merchant would turn up with a great deal of prop- erty, for the sake of convenience appar- ently in some other person’s name, and the result would be to him as valuable as a fire or marriage toa rich girl. With the present bankruptcy law, by which we can commit such debtors to jail for refusing to account for their property and recover what is fraudu- lently transferred, and with certain beneficiary amendments I am satisfied that creditors would not care to be set back where they were before the passage of the bankruptcy act; because under the present law all the creditors are sure that they will share alike and that the same will not be fraudulently taken by relatives or eaten up in expenses, as it was liable to be under the trust mort- gages of this State. Peter Doran. 0 The Sleep of Wild Animals. From the Penny Pictorial Magazine. There is nothing odd or peculiar about the sleep of the lions and tigers. In captivity they show the same _indiff- erence to danger that they manifest in the jungle, and by day or night will slumber through an unusual tumult, un- mindful or unconscious of the noise. Their sleep is commonly heavy and peaceful. Bears are also heavy sleepers but less disposed than lions and tigers to slum- ber in the daytime. Grizzly bears usual- ly curl up -under the rocks, but some- times they crawl up to the very top of the rocks and, with front paws spread around the iron cage bars, go tu sleep in what seems an uncomfortable and erilous position; but bears never re- ease their muscular grasp of any object when asleep. The black bears will curl up among the branches of a tree when they have the opportunity, and go to sleep in this peculiar position. The polar bears show a peculiarity in the selection of their sleeping places. They choose one particular corner of the cage for the. urpose, and invariably seek this out or the night's rest. The high strung, nervous animals are the most interesting to watch at night. They usually beleng to the hunted tribes, whose lives are in con- stant danger in the forest, and they possess such a highly developed nervous system that they really sleep with one eye open. The slightest noise will in- stantly awaken them. The prairie wolves merely seem to close their eyes for an instant, and then open them again to see if all is quiet. Many vain attempts have been made to photograph these animals by flash light, and without exception the camera has revealed the fact that one eye at least was partly open. The day sleepers in the menageries are for some reason the heaviest slum- berers of all, and when they close their eyes in early morning they seem alrnost as stupid as if drugged. This isin marked contrast to the light night sleep- ers, who, on the approach of danger, are instantly awake and on the alert. —_» +. The longest recorded hair growing on the female head is eight feet. The longest recorded beard is twelve feet. BELGIAN HARES. Ups and Downs of a New and Interesting Industry. To predict what will be the future of the Belgian hare industry in this coun- try is not an easy matter. Ours is an ex- perience of all sorts of ups and downs even in the oldest and most time-worn fields of labor and production. ‘‘Uncle Tim,’’ said a manufacturer, farmer, money lender and speculator of North- field, Vt., to my grandfather, one day, when I was a small boy, ‘‘what is the best thing to buy?’’ Grandfather was cutting corn, as Col. Payne rode up to the fence and threw one leg across the pommel of the saddle for an easy visit and talk. ‘‘Well,’’ said he in reply, ‘*really, I don’t know of any speculation to be made in farm produce or stock. Everything is so cheap, and there is no promise of better markets.’’ ‘‘I will tell you, Uncle Tim, it is hay.’’ Grand- father laughed. ‘‘Hay!’’ he retorted. But what has that to do with the hare industry? the reader will enquire. Very little, indeed, except as the thought of it came to the mind of the writer with the remembrance of the recent Califor- nia boom in Belgian hares. They do such things suddenly out West, and usu- ally they have a reaction. This may happen to His Highness, the favored $500 pedigreed Belgian. 1 wasin Grand Rapids last year when a man came home from a winter outing at Los Angeles and brought with him about a dozen of those hares. 1 had been raising them for half a dozen years. So I went to see his the next morning, and found that I could, if I chose, turn out twice as many just as handsome ones from my Warren; and mine were selling for about $2.50 per pair, or $3 per trio. People in this part of Michigan, who have paid within the past year $5 each or $1o for three of the pretty hares, have many of them given up in disgust upon ‘*Why buy hay? We are all overstocked with it. It sells for almost nothing now, and before spring it will be dead prop- erty.’’ ‘‘Well, Uncle Tim, when things are cheap, then is the time to buy; buy when they are dear, and if there is any change it will be against you.’’ He immediately invested some $15,000 in hay, stipulating that it could stay in barns or stacks until the next haying season, if he wished. He paid $3 per ton. Winter set in early and was long and severe. Before May he sold all that hay at an average of about $15 per ton, without touching it himself for re- moval. Of course, his foresight and his lucky speculation were the talk of the county. There were few such trans- actions in those days; and each was a case for special wonder. Nowadays similar ‘‘specs’’ happen often, and sometimes run into millions, but with comparatively little stir about them ex- cept as a nine-days’ wonder. the drop of the market to 50 cents each for the progeny. Nevertheless, the industry is one that has come to stay; because it is entic- ing and is moderately profitable; as much so as raising chickens. The meat is excellent and the skins are valuable. Of the latter fact the market for so- called ‘‘electric seal’? furs—manufac- tured of Belgian hare hides—furnishes pretty good proof. The Angora goat is another animal which seems destined to give us a new touch in the business world. The An- gora goat is a good eater of coarse stuffs, a good browser of field brush and, therefore, a good cleaner up of new lands. There are hundreds of forties and eighties on our so-called pine stump-land region growing rapidly into oak-grub fields. How to clear such lands easily is the great and guessing question now. I think I can suggest a cheap as well as a sure way. If the leaves and sprouts are constantly eaten off, they will die, and in two or three years such ground can be plowed. Is not that easier and better than digging with grub-hoes and stump pullers? Well, wire fence, in these days of progress, is cheaper as well as vastly better than wood fence, posts and all. Put wire fence around your lots of grow- ing brush; turn in the goats to pasture and the problem is solved and the work done. And the animals will pay for themselves in good meat, fine hair and excellent skins, while doing the job. Albert Baxter. —__+>02>___ Photographic Burglar Alarms. ‘‘T was reading in one of the recent magazines an interesting article on photography and its usefulness in the courts,’’ remarked an observant citizen, ‘‘and I notice that two of the banks in New York have rigged up an apparatus that will take the safe-blower’s picture in a jiffy. Now, this is a great scheme. The very instant the safe door is tam- pered with a fuse flashes up and the picture of the safe-blower is left on the plate and he never knows how it hap- pens. Only two banks, according to re- ports, have adopted the plan, but no doubt it will spread and after a while will come into general use as a thief catcher. It is simply the evolution of the rogues’ gallery. But think of the limitless possibilities of photography along this line! After a while the thief can not enter any place without running into a flashlight and a plate, and he may not leave without leaving his like-~ ness behind him. If he crawls into a window a fuse may flash up and leave his picture on the floor. If he forces a back door open a light may flare up in his face and the police will call around next day and find out just who he is by looking at the plate in the door. If he raps a fellow over the head with a bludgeon on the highway he may strike a fuse, the fire will flare up, and the re- sult will be his immediate identifica- tion. In short, the world may in time become so filled with photographing ap- paratus that the thief will not stand much show, unless he is willing to take the chances of being caught, because of the fact that the picture he leaves be- hind him will not only identify him but will tell the story of how he com- mitted the act. It may be offered in proof to convict him. But there is an- other thing in connection with the pos- sibilities of photography. Pictures may tell tales on folks more honest than thieves, for they may be used to tell the little things which are best untold, and so the science, while affording protec- tion against miscreants, may also be- come a miserable telltale.’’ —_>-2 ~~ ——____ No Fruit Without Water. From the Indiana Farmer. The statement has been made that while Colorado and California lead in gold production, and Colorado leads also in silver, yet both have rich pos- session in their system of irrigation. Without their abundant and_ regular water supply the fruit crop would be a failure; with it the orchardist can de- pend almost absolutely on a certain number of bushels from each acre in bearing. The fact suggests the wisdom of securing irrigating plants, wherever they are possible, in all sections where fruit is grown. 2 ar es Easily Explained. _Easterner (on his vacation)—I be- lieve there is less of vice and crime among the Indians out here than there used to be, Is there not? Comanche Pete—You’re right, pard. Th’ hain’t ez many Injuns ez they used to be. Spies ik Cane ‘ phase Vs WORLD'S BEST MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ls ! i : (i y o x oe Ons U rH .s a \ ( Lay L Yy ina ) ( | | i iH Uy . i SOLD BY ALL JOBBERS AND { S | Sey VLE De EAS ld, =a LLL} CULL LIT UT =5 CENT CIGAR | G. J. JOHNSON CIGAR CO, Mater GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. ia Qa OR PR PE prbesaticet ies 4 tia ee eae cs Bcd eens Per tet eee ee Cs vane MICHIGAN TRADESMAN HARDWOOD LUMBER. The Personal Experiences of a Veteran Manufacturer. { once asked Dave Wa-no-ge-sic, a kind of local Indian exhorter in these parts some twenty-five years ago, how much shu-ne-aw his preaching averaged him yearly. ‘‘Oh,’’ he said, ‘‘some- time I make him five dollah, sometime maybe I make him six doolah.’’ ‘‘ But, Dave,’’ I asked, ‘‘isn’t that rather poor pay for a whole year’s preaching?’’ ‘**Yes,’’ he said, ‘‘him pretty poor pay —but then, him pretty poor preach.’’ So I feel in my bones, as I sit down to write somewhat of what I know of the hardwood lumber business, that my ar- ticle will bear a strong likeness to Dave’s preaching. I first made the acquaintance of the sawlog in the spring of 1866. I had served throughout the war and for four years or about had been lucky enough to escape shot, sheli and bullet, but in my first encounter with a sawlog I was, in sport- ing phrase, ‘‘put to sleep;’’ had three or four ribs broken, my jaw dislocated and my nose put up on my forehead, and it took me nearly a year to repair damages. So 1 may say the log had the better of the battle. Well, while laid up for repairs dur- ing the ensuing year, I concluded, when able, to try making maple sugar. Now, sugar is not exactly lumber, but after all it is one of our forest products, and at that time, 1867, was about the only - product of our maple trees. My gang consisted of myself and two _ others. Full of the project, I soon made six hundred sap troughs and a big store trough, built my arch and placed my plant. Sap pan was in a central position and everything good and ready. I based my calculations on the theory that one man could carry the sap and do all the necessary work in attending to every two hundred trees tapped. I figured that, as one man could attend to two hundred, therefore three men could at- tend to six hundred. But things did not pan out just as I thcught they would. I found by sad experience that, one man could carry all right enough for the first two hundred, it needed about two men to carry from the next two hun- dred and about six men from the last two hundred. I think, had I set out eight hundred troughs, it would have required about twenty-five men to carry in the sap. I saw clearly that I was trying to do too much business toa common center, with the means I had for transportation. Toiling through the deep snow lugging two big buckets of that miserable sap was hard work, and when I reflected that I had to tote them about a quarter of -a mile for about a teaspoonful of sugar it fairly made me groan. I never want to hear of maple sugar now, and it tires me yet to see any of the syrup on the table. I sometimes wonder if we hardwood lumbermen have not, in a measure, committed something of the same error I did in the sap business. To my idea, an ideal sawmill would be one _ so planned that, let its capacity be what it may, every man empioyed would have to do a good full day’s work—do it well, and do no more. Having such a plant, with the necessary logs and plenty of yard room, we are ready to commence. The first thing is the getting in of the logs; and here in the wcods,at the tree, the manufacture of lumber commences. As a rule, we have not in the past and do not now give the cutting of logs the necessary amount of attention. The ae cutting up of the tree into logs is per- while} haps the mcst important part of the whole work, that is in hardwood logs. A tree may have one, two or three, as the case may be, good logs that will yield a profit, and yet be so cut as to make four or five logs that are no good whatever, and, if hauled out of the woods, mean a dead loss. Any prac- tical man will admit this. We have, as a class, followed the footsteps of the pine men without considering the great- ly differing conditions and that they did not make their money so much from the manufacturing of lumber as from the increased value of their stump- age. From 1866 until now they grad- ually cut their timber closer and closer, but only as the value of mill cull in- creased, and alwavs, I think, the pine mill cull has paid its own way, leaving a profit on all better grades. Now, in hardwood, for the past ten years, as the haul has increased, the shipping cull and mill cull, to say nothing of scoots, demonstrate to you that by putting in his new device you will surely increase your output one-quarter or one-third, with no, or at least but trifling, extra expense, and presently you and your neighbors adopt it. If it does do—and it generally does—just what he claims for it, i. e., increase your capacity, you soon find that not only your logging op- erations, and your yard and terminal as well, require readjustment and increase, but your mill expense as well. It is just as if I have a man doing a good square day’s work and I increase his work permanently by a quarter or even less. He soon finds it out and wants pay for it, and too often, after advanc- ing his pay, he can not do it and do it properly, so to keep up he has to slight it,and then to get it done proper- ly you are obliged to increase your force. So, to get say one-third more out of our plant, let us be careful that we do not have to double our expenses. Then, have been made ata loss. Asa rule, we may figure that.it will cost $7 per thousand to cover cost of manufacture and handling, from the tree to f. o. b. car or vessel, During that time cull, on an average, would not bring over $5, a loss of $2. Now, | should say that we must make up our minds to leave all logs in the woods that will not cut at least one-half to common, and it may be a question but what that is too poor. In a word, we must stop carrying dead- heads. Any log that does not pay at least its own way should be left. When we get a better price for cull we can then cut closer, but not before. Having our mill all planned for eco- nomical production, with our logging and terminal facilities so adjusted as to properly take care of our daily prod- uct, everything running smoothly and making a little money, along comes Satan in the form of a nice, plausible young fellow who can soon and clearly at the end of the year, on our increased basis we have rather overloaded the market and reduced prices. Not exactly knowing where the trouble lies, only that we have not made as good a year as we expected, we then conclude that we will run night and day to make things pay better. A good share of our expenses will be just about the same and the thing looks feasible, so we start up full blast, and then we do have to hustle! The speed we attain while chasing round all winter to secure a stock of logs is phenomenal; but it is actually sur- passed by our gait the following sum- mer when sprinting to get rid of the lumber. In the one case we run for fame, in the other for life itself. Old man Brown maintained through life, and died in the firm belief, that a certain Archy Bennett down somewhere in Indiana made an independent for- tune by selling goods at from Jo to 15 per cent. below cost. ‘‘Now,’’ I would say to him when on that subject, ‘‘you are surely making a mistake. How could Bennett possibly make any money by selling goods at anything less than- they cost him?’’ ‘‘How?’’ he would reply, ‘‘because he advertised and did such a great big business.”’ I sometimes ask myself if I, too, am not unconsciously following the foot- steps of the illustrious Bennett. I must bring this article to a close. I find it hard to say where to quit—some- what like the hardwood lumber busi- ness. 1 would say, however, that con- ditions vary so much in our business that what might be good policy for one would not be for another. A poorer log might be of value toa salt man, or for headings, staves, clothespins, etc., but I only give my ideas from a purely lum- ber standpoint. As I said at the start it is highly important to ‘‘begin at the beginning’’ and see that not a single log leaves the woods that does not show a profit, or at least cost. So arrange the plant that every man will have to do a full day’s work, and have time to do it properly. Then attend carefully to the handling and piling of the lum- ber, But away beyond any or all of these is the all-important point—the great point—to ‘‘go slow’’ in produc- tion. Make up your mind to do all you fairly can in sawing from six to eight months in the year by daylight and go home and sleep nights. This will, 1 believe, help matters greatly; if not quite enough we can prune off a little more later on. Always remember this: ‘‘We can’t make money carrying coals to New- castle."’ One thing we hardwood lumber man- ufacturers must never forget: If we sell lumber in advance, and through any cause the price advances, we can be very sure that every time we must de- liver that lumber. An open winter ora severe one, too much snow or no snow, too much water or low water, the de- crees of Frovidence or the acts of man, will furnish no excuse—we positively must have the lumber. If, on the other hand, led away by seemingly fair prices that the future promises, we over- produce and the market price in con- sequence falls, how is it? I would like some pointers on how we are going to make the other fellow take the stuff if he doesn’t want to. ‘‘It’s a poor rule that won't work both ways,’’ but this does not, that’s sure. So, as St. Paul, or Solomon, or one of the old prophets says: ‘‘Be not oversolicitous about se- curing a large stock of logs, for who knows whether the lumber will be wanted the following summer or no?’’ It is a fine text. I think I could preach a sermon from it. 1 was going to say something about taxes, but think I will first write to the Tax Commissioner and find out just what I can say—it’s best always to keep within law. Arch. Cameron. eso The Key to Success. There is money enough expended every year in this country for advertis- ing, in one form or another, to pay the international debt. Not only does the sum so expended amount to figures al- most beyond comprehension, but every year adds to the sum total. Fortunes are made by it and millions are useless- ly or unintelligently spent. Every successful business man of the future must become in some way an advertiser. ——_>2.—___ Vast nickel deposits, the largest in the world, have been located in Southern Oregon. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN F O r $ Nn Q OQ BE OOOOOOOOEOOOOOS e o =] OO OOCOK 1 Q5)06 g Q 10 (00 )0(00)0: . S 2, oS, {-) o [~) g _ We will send you printed and complete 5,000 Bills 2 0) a g (a0 YO(G' O > D 0 2 D Oo > 2 5 3 5,000 Duplicates EG 990 100 Sheets of Carbon Paper NC, 52@ o ooCa 2 Patent Leather Covers 33 OG 96 ojoca We do this to have you give them a trial. We know if 323 De once you use our Duplicate system you will always use it, as 33 _ , SPECTACLES | 5 : . . 9}2o6 = djoca it pays for itself in forgotten charges alone. ee _MIcoROLaGIeA = = = Se Sis : : i 9 ==, INSTRUMENTS 2/29 2 For descriptive circular and special prices] <8 So mines OF MONROE St. GS on large quantities address. 99 (Sp. FREE ee Yee OD 5 = e oC = ojovo A. H. Morrill, Agt, eS cS 105 Ottawa Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. LON 2 92@ oo 2 Manufactured by Cosby-Wirth Printing Co., St. Paul, Minnesota. RCS ORE ax g Oyo: 0 J IQS 53¢ 2 oS, So 2, So J S So 2 S, 2 2 2, ° J oS ZS 2 2 9, oO 9; oo o °o o o ° °o o ° io f.) oO ° ° ° °o ° ° ° °o oa o ‘oO ) ) Che Star Green S¢ Cigar e la @Zz.A.®.@A.@.@A.@ QA @AAaws.s-s--. 4 AN The Leading Music House in Western Michigan , JULIUS A. J. FRIEDRICH _ 30 and 32 Canal St. i GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. : iN a a Webber, A. B. Chase, Hazelton, Fisher, Franklin, Ludwig, a rs Kingsbury and other Pianos. : (Nm x : AN a. Mt GREEN Jk i" ‘ a eas : Pianola NWS LIRG SSIS Il EPO A Tee The Best Self-Playing Piano Attachment in the Market. Grows in favor daily. Quality the cause of it. B. Jj. Reynolds, Distributor, Catalogues Sent Free on Application. * Celephone 172. Grand Rapids. . ¢ DIAMAR, || Wee cecccccccececcee® PARA eS SS SERS SASSER ES ESAS SS SESE 5 e Crocker-Wheeler Machinery Sawyer-Man Lamps Yi Ns : G. R. Electric Co. py 9 South Division Street a GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN Nahalahatala aaa waa aa aaa! faa a aaa aaa A full assortment of Sheet Music and Musical Merchandise. Everything in the Music Line at Lowest Prices. v W .5552ss: LO‘ II AAAAAR AAARARAAARARAAARARAAAAAAAAARARARAAARAR AAA AAA AARAR AR =e... S SASe) NESTA (eT VS (Sx .) Za Telephones AE SS. | | | 58 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN BUYING THE BEST. Why It Is Always the Cheapest in the Long Run. It is best to buy the best, first, last and all the time, both from the consum- er’s and the dealer’s standpoint. First, from the consumer’s point of view, because he gets more for his money. Second, he .derives more satisfaction, and consequently happines, from the possession or use of the best,and happi- ness is the great object of existence. It is what we are all striving for, and one of the highways leading to it is the pos- session and use of the best in anything. Third, by buying and using the best, you encourage the manufacturer to put forth his best efforts to produce, not something inferior and low priced, but the best that he can possibly make, and thus secure your patronage, not on ac- count of the price, but the real merit of the article, and that means progress and improvement—another highway to hap- piness—and is the easiest and pleasant- est way of doing a good thing that I know of. Had Adam and Eve been content with what they possessed and had ‘‘any old thing’’ satisfied them, we would be wearing fig leaves yet. My first two reasons are purely selfish and, while it may be humiliating to ad- mit it, wili probably appeal to the ma- jority of us more forcibly than the last. To the consumer, then, I say, get the best. It costs you really less than the poorest, although at a glance it may not appear so. Take, for example, the article of canned goods. This is in my line, so 1 naturally use it for an_ illus- tration, and it will do just as well as anything else. You can buy ‘‘three for a quarter,’’ or you can buy ten to fifteen cents a can straight. You know per- fectly well that the ‘‘three for a quar- ter’’ goods are inferior to the others. You know if you stop to think of it that they lack both in quality and quantity. You, of course, get more tin, more labels, more water, but that is not what you want. You have of water a plenty and the labels and the tin are of no use to you whatever, but they must be paid for, and you are the identical person who pays for them. This same rule works all along the line with anything you use. The items of packages, labels, freight, labor, etc., all enter into the cost of the finished articles and must be paid for. Besides all this, you lose the satisfaction of using the best. You are deceiving yourself—did it ever occur to you that it is often quite as easy to do that as to deceive others? It does not make any difference whether it is an article of food or something else. It may be clothing or a farm, a comic opera or a game of base ball, the same principle applies. When we get the best we are generally satisfied and pleased with the deal and, on the other hand, if we are drawn into buying something in- ferior we feel that we have been ‘‘done up ;’’ and so we have, and we seem to realize it more on the base ball and comic opera than in some more im- portant matters. Fossibly we are better judges in these lines. But someone may raise the objection, I can not afford to buy the best. That is a’ question with which I have nothing to do in this ar- ticle, but I will say right here, you can not afford to buy anything but the best, although you may be forced into doing so. Unfortunately, those who can least afford it have sometimes to pay the highe st price. So much from the consumer's point of view. But what shall we say of the dealer who attempts to build up a per- manent and profitable business by handling inferior low priced goods? He must depend on the credulity and bad judgment of his patrons for his success. It will not do for him to admit that his goods are of inferior quality; he must convey the idea that they are equal to his competitor’s higher-priced goods and that by offering them at lower prices he is giving better values. That may work for a time, but for a very short time only. Why, the man is try- ing to climb a greased pole. His cus- tomers quickly learn that his low-priced goods are inferior in quality and they either frankly tell him so or quietly quit and hunt up a place where they can get the better goods, even at an advanced price. They do more than this—they inform their neighbors of what they have learned, that the goods are inferior in quality, etc., and the handler of what the price. I would much prefer to have a ‘‘kick’’ on the price than on the quality, as there is some hope of a satisfactory adjustment of the former, but of the latter never. The only thing left for me to do is to take back the goods and look for another victim, and I speak advisedly when I call hima victim, for victim he is, even if he does not know it at the time. He generally finds it out sooner or later, and then 1 am the victim. I contend that anyone who handles a poor quality of goods is sooner or later a victim. I consider it the highest kind of a compliment to have it said of me, ‘*‘He is a little high-priced, but his goods are always right and you can depend on their being just what he says they are.’’ There may possibly be exceptions where my argument would not hold good and where a low-priced article would he just as satisfactory and give just as much pleasure to the possessor as the cheap goods -is soon doing a very un- profitable business, which, of course, soon means no business at all. It is a case of business blood poisoning and the only antidote is good goods, admin- istered promptly and in large and fre- quent doses. Now, reverse the conditions, sell the best and ata fair price. Your customers are pleased and learn to believe you— you gain their confidence and, when you have that, you Have the whole thing, ‘the real thing.’’ I challenge any one to produce a dealer who has gained the confidence of the trade by selling in- ferior goods. It can not be done. 1 always like to sell good goods. I know they will please my customer and their customers and that I will hold their trade. I makea friend of them, and the way to make customers is to make friends, and a life’s experience has taught me that you can not do that by selling inferior goods, no matter best. The only one that I can call to mind, however, is a burial casket. Heman G. Barlow. ——_>2»—____ Wonderful Colorado River. With all the historic fame of the Nile River and the wealth created by that stream of vitalizing fluid, the United States has several streams even more resourceful, including the Colorado River, whose waters are richer in vital- izing elements and whose volume is capable: of reclaiming a much greater area of desert thag the waters of the Nile. A great deal of land has already been reclaimed and canal enterprises under way will furnish the fluid for the reclamation of many thousand acres more. Much of the land is under per- petual sunshine, in a region of constant seedtime and harvest. The vast flow of water, properly diverted,can be made to irrigate farms for thousands of fam- ilies. Taking the Baby’s Picture. From the Chicago Tribune. In the days when we were young the photographer to whom a little child was taken for a picture was forced to de- pend upon the little bird which was supposed to be just on the point of jumping out of the camera. ‘‘Now, Johnny,’’ he would say, ‘‘keep your eye right on this little box and watch and see the little bird fly out.’’ As no bird was ever known to make its nest in a camera little Johnny paid little attention to the photographer’s request after the first trial, and conse- quently the man who made a specialty of ‘‘taking babies’’ had a hard time of it. It was also necessary for the fond parent who did not believe in telling little Johnny ‘‘stories’’ to make an elab- orate and usually lame explanation to the darling child, exclaiming that the picture man had made a mistake in thinking that there was a bird inside of his box. Nowadays the photographer man does this sort of thing more wisely. It is still necessary for him to conduct an “impromptu vaudeville show in order to keep the infant’s attention, but he no longer depends on birds which do not exist. At the present time the proper caper is for the operator to produce a gilt and glass crown which he puts on his own head. ‘*Now, baby,’’ he says, ‘‘you watch and see whether I can keep the crown on my head.”’ Then he allows the crown to fall off on the floor once or twice, much to the delight of the small child. Then when his subject has been brought to an un- consciously happy frame of mind tbe photographer replaces the crown on his head and gets ready for action. ‘Now, Johnny,’’ he says, ‘‘ watch just as close aS you can and see if your uncle can’t keep the crown on this time.’’ Johnny, fully expecting that the crown will again fall off, opens his eyes and his mouth and gazes full of interest at the glittering bauble. Then the pho- tographer presses the button and the deed is done. Which explains why so many ‘‘awfully cute’’ pictures of small children are now being made. Se WL Future Center of Industry. From the Omaha Bee. The future center of industrial activ- ity is destined to be west of the Miss- issippi. ‘The development of the inex- haustible mineral resources of the Rocky Mountain region is yet in its infancy. Wyoming alone will overmatch Penn- sylvania in iron and Ohioin oil. The extensive coal beds of Wyoming and Colorado, when fully opened up and made accessible by railway lines, will completely revolutionize the seat of steam power and electrical energy. In- stead of drawing on the factories and | mills east of the Alleghanies the people west of the Mississippi will look to the industrial centers of the West for their wares and manufactured commodities. The possibilities of industrial develop- ment west of the Missouri have not yet heen realized even by the most enthus- lastic promoters of Western enterprises. Twenty-five years ago Alabama’s coal and iron fields were dormant and no one dreamed of the modern Birmingham that now competes with Pittsburg in the markets for iron products. But the coal and iron deposits of Alabama are insig- nificant when compared to those of Wyoming and Colorado. It is also more than probable that the export cf American machinery and other mill and factory products to Asiatic countries from the Atlantic ports will be transferred to the Pacific coast. Such a change in the channels of trade is sure to stimulate the growth of the trans- Mississippi country, which more than all things needs more population and more capital for the full utilization of its latest resources. 2st 2o__ A man never becomes thoroughly de- praved and beyond the hope of redemp- tion until he begins to make excuses for attending a circus, : 59 Se a SH HH. wR ww wh eR OE cScEe Sia —_ \ ea reyier for Everything MICHIGAN TRADESMAN In the Grocery Line \am Veo rs ny Ta per Headquarters Ow WE WR WR a a a. a © ws WH. Wa Ws. ws. ar. aor. or a A so . as a A wn WR. a SA CLARK-JEWELL-WELLS CO., Grand Rapids Owsk WR WR WHR HR. UA Ce ee Te e ntti koe asc MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MICHIGAN TIMBER. It Has Added Enormously to the World’s Wealth. If the question were to be asked what is or was the greatest lumber state in the Union, some without consideration might say Maine, some Pennsylvania, some Washington or California, but after due consideration: I believe that all would unite in saying, Michigan. Fifty years ago or more, perhaps, Maine led in lumber production. Ata somewhat later date Pennsylvania, from the standpoint of output, might have been given first place. At some later date than this, perhaps Washington or Oregon will be given primacy. But, ignoring these things and taking into consideration only the original forest growth, the magnitude and value of the forest product therefrom produced, and the part that each state played in the supply of these productions in the de- velopment of the country, I believe that Michigan must be and will be accorded first place. Its contributions to the lumber demand of the United States have been enormous, far exceeding those of any other state. I must make this statement in an empirical way, because neither the opportunity nor the time is available for asbolute comparison. There are no data as to the lumber product of such States as Maine, New York and Pennsylvania. There are, of course, no absolute data covering the whole period of Michigan’s lumber in- dustry, but the product of pine lumber has been accurately kept since 1873, while the records of the Saginaw Valley go back about fifty years. Ina careful study of the lumber product of Michi- gan from the beginning, George W. Hotchkiss estimated that the total prod- uct of pine lumber, lath and pickets had been to the end of May, 1897, 161,475, - 000,000 feet. He also estimated the miscellaneous forest products, such as hoops, headings, staves, pulp wood, cord wood, ties, posts and poles, etc., at 5@, 000,000,000 feet, making a _ grand aggregate of 211,475,000,000. Adding the lumber product since that time, es- timating the current year, and we have an estimated round figure product of the forests of Michigan, from its settlement until now, of 217,875,000, 000 feet. The area of Michigan is 58,916 square miles, or 37,706,000 acres. This would indicate a lumber product for the entire State, considerable areas of which were prairie land when discovered with other large areas but sparsely timbered, of 5,780 feet an acre. Such figures do not look large, but they may be more impressive when I say that very few large tracts of land, say of 100,000 acres or more, east of the Rocky Mountains have ever actually cut a much larger amount than that. In Georgia the amount of standing timber’to the acre in what are called virgin forests does not average over 3,000 or 3,500 feet. From the fact, therefore, that there has been cut from the forests of Michigan nearly 6,000 feet of lumber for every acre in the State, some appreciation may be had of the enormous forest wealth of your common- wealth. Such an amount of timber al- ready taken from the State indicates that more than one crop has probably been gathered from a considerable area. In fact, we know of many cases where three cuttings have been made for white pine alone. Not only has this enormous amount of lumber been taken out of Michigan, but a very heavy amount of timber still remains. It is quite the fashion now- adays to speak of Michigan as a de- nuded State, but to-day it probably car- ries more timber than Georgia and some other states which are considered fac- tors in the lumber supply of the coun- try. Of course, the amount of pine re- maining is small—almost insignificant compared with its former abundance— but other woods are still found in heavy quantities and Michigan will be a lum- ber producing State of importance for- ever inasmuch as there are large por- tions of it for which timber will be the most profitable crop. The hardwood resources of the State, which during the regnancy of white pine were little considered, are enor- mous and of wonderful value. From one standpoint the decadence of the white pine business has been a bless- ing: It has turned the attention of lum- ber handlers and of the people of the State generally to its other forest re- sources. producers in the country and bidding fair to furnish in perpetuity no small contribution to the demands of the lum- ber trade. The largest white pine product of the State during any one year is estimated to have been about 4,200, 300,000 feet, in 1889. We find now hemlock and the hardwoods taking the place of at least 35 per cent. of that enormous quantity. During 1900 Michigan produced about 1,128,000,000 feet of white and Norway pine which, added to the fig- ures given above, make a grand total lumber product for the State of about 2,628,000,000 feet. Right here let me say that I do not give these figures as an exact statement, but as the closest approximation I am able to make with the comparatively little time at my command, but I believe they are suffi- ciently accurate for practical purposes. This white pine product of 1900, while an enormous amount Inoked at by itself, Last winter repcrts sent to the Amer- ican Lumberman from only a portion of the hardwood mills of the State showed an output of 513,000,000 feet during 1900. I believe it entirely within the bounds of safe conjecture to say that the hardwood product of the State last year was not less- than 750,000,000 feet, while more likely it was a billion. In addition to the hardwoods is a heavy and growing hemlock product. This wood was little valued as long as_ white pine was found in large quantities and when there was no limit to its produc- tion except the capacity of the mills. In 1900 the hemlock product of the State was about 750,000,000 feet, making an aggregate in round figures of about I,500,000,000 feet manufactured in the Wolverine State of classes of timber that twenty-five years ago were hardly con- sidered in estimating its forest wealth. We find Michigan, then, a State which, ordinarily considered the victim of tim- ber spoilation, still one of the heaviest is incomparison woefully small, for no longer ago than in 1890 the Wolverine State produced 4,000,000,000 feet of white pine and Norway pine and hem- lock, the latter then being included in the reports for pine. The center of production for white pine has moved to the West within the last decade. During the last year Wis- consin and Minnesota produced about 4, 300, 000,000 feet of white and Norway pine. Their hemlock output was about 450,000,000 and their hardwood product about 500,000,000, or a total lumber product of 5,250,000,000 feet, or just about double the product of Michigan. Michigan, therefore, is still in the first rank of lumber production and no other three States in the union produced as much lumber-as Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, which by themselves account for approximately 25 per cent. of the entire lumber and timber output of the United States. During the time when Michigan was as a lumber producer first, with no sec- ond worth speaking of, white pine was the basis of its supremacy. That wood has been largely cut away and what is left is rapidly disappearing. If it should continue to produce white pine it must do so as a result of a process of a conservation of its remaining timber and replanting and forest culture. But the State has resources still remaining, as indicated above, which are an enor- mous factor in its wealth and form the bases for varied industries of wonderful advantage to the State. Comparatively few people recognize the real importance of the hardwood business as compared with pine. The pine business brought and still brings into a state an immense amount of money, but it can hardly be compared in this respect with the hardwood trade. The individual operators in pine make more money, but as an employer of la- bor, as the basis for diversified indus- tries and as a stable support for the in- dustries and people of a state the hard- woods are its superior. Take the course of the lumber business throughout and this fact can be seen. Hardwood timber is more generally than pine distributed among the people of the State. Where pine was held in large blocks by mill operators, the hard- woods are in all sorts of ownership, from the farmer or settler with 160 acres up to the big lumber companies with their thousands. Logging is more ex- pensive in hardwoods, due to the larger number of people required and the more varied character of the operation. Pine was put in largely by big crews work- ing systematically with the most im- proved appliances, and so to the best economic advantage. That is to say, it was done with the fewest possible num- ber of men and the least expenditure for labor and equipment; for the most part the logs were gotten to the mills by water. The hardwoods grow less com- pactly and involve not only regular log- ging equipment but a much greater use of the railorad than was the case with pine. Again, the hardwood mills are of much smaller capacity than those which cut the pines, use more men in propor- tion and do not cut so much per man. They are scattered through the woods, giving life to hamlets which become the centers of agricultural communities and gradually build up other industries; whereas the pine mills were more large- ly centralized, in cities like Saginaw, Muskegon, Manistee and Menominee. The most important advantage, how- ever, that the hardwood industry has over the pine is that to a much greater extent it is the basis for other industries located in the State. By far the larger proportion of all the pine lumber ever made in Michigan was shipped outside its borders. To what extent it was con- sumed at home there are no figures to indicate, but at least ten states de- pended wholly or in large part upon Michigan for their building supplies. On the other hand, the greater part of the hardwood products of the State is used within its borders in the hundreds of factories that have been established all through the State. These are agri- cultural implements, furniture, wagon and carriage factories, car shops and a host of miscellaneous establishments for which hardwood is an important raw material. Thus instead of a product being shipped out of the State at a total value of, say, $12 to $15 a thousand, it is given a value by the work expended upon it of anywhere from $25 to $100 or MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 61 J © ® ® © ® © ® ® ‘ © © © © © © © © Q © © © © © © © © ; ® ® © © ® ® ® ® ‘ ® © © ® © © © © 7 © © © w © © © © ® ® ® ® * ® I) PEOPLES 9 iy SAVINGS Pe ". SIO An oe @ © @ ® of Grand Rapids, Mich. © © @ ® ® ® Assets over $2,000,000. i) @® Pays 3% per cent. on deposits. ® © - © ® © ® OFFICERS ® ® THOMAS HEFFERAN, President. ® @ WM. ALDEN SMITH, Vice President. ® @ SAMUEL M. LEMON, Vice President. . CHARLES B. KELSEY, Cashier. @® ) M. D. HOOGESTEGER, Ass’t Cashier. ® ® ® © - © © DIRECTORS @ ® Thomas Hefferan Charles B. Kelsey ® ® A. D. Rathbone Wm. H. Gay @® @ Wm. Alden Smith Dudley E. Waters © @ W. H. Anderson Christian Bertsch John Murray Eugene D. Conger ) ® Chas. W. Garfield Reuben Hatch ® © John W. Blodgett J. Boyd Pantlind ® © Samuel M. Lemon @ ® é © ® @ © ® ® 1) ® © ® ® © © 1) ® ® @ ® ® ® j ® ® ® © © ® © © ‘ ® © ® ® ® ® ® ® © ® ® © ® © © ® MICHIGAN TRADESMAN more a thousand. This work is fur- nished by the citizens of the State itself and this larger return accrues to the benefit of the State and its people. It will thus be seen that the hard- wood business is of importance to the State altogether out of proportion to its magnitude as compared to that dealing with pine, although it is improbable that many fortunes will be made out of bardwood timber or sawmills to be compared with the many that were carved out of the magnificent pine for- ests of Michigan. One of the most important questions that confronts Michigan is as to the perpetuation of the lumber business. There are a good many who will state with convincing emphasis that the wealth to be derived from its hardwood forests will be greater than that which was secured from pine. However that may be—and probably no absolute demonstration will ever be possible— certainly the prosperity of the State, the number of men employed in its indus- tries which are more or less dependent upon lumber and the wealth thus dis- tributed would indicate that at least to a large degree the passing of the pine has been compensated for by the de- velopment of the hardwoods. There still remain enormous hardwood re- sources. In fact, this is one branch of the lumber business which will never entirely pass away; inasmuch as prac- tically every farm raises hardwood trees. There are large sections where the hardwood forests and those of cedar and other inferior growths are almost untouched ; and yet if we look far ahead it is easy to conclude that the perma- nent lumber business of Michigan will rest upon the conifers rather than upon the deciduous forest growth. This is so because the hardwood lands are largely of a character that fits them for agriculture and will eventually be devoted to that use, while the pine lands to a considerable extent are less desirabie for that use and so can more profitably be put to forest growing than to agriculture. There are large areas in both the Southern and Northern Pen- insulas of the State which will grow trees better than anything else. Thous- ands of square miles of this sort of land are practically barren waste because the timber was cut off and fires passed over the land, killing the seeds and ,the young growth, and now there is nothing but desolation. Where conditions have been favorable new growth has started in, and students of the subject as well as lumbermen have abandoned the theory that white pine will not replace itself. Nature is prodigal and careless in her methods. Valuable timber is often re- placed by that less valuable or almost worthless and seems not to take the trouble to do any replanting at all where conditions have been too adverse; but, assisted, she will reclothe the forest lands of Michigan, as far as they are not wanted for agriculture, with a growth of timber which, if not as valu- able as the original magnificent pines, maples or oaks, will at least have some value and be a wonderful resource in the years to come. There are some limited sections in which the soil will grow no tree of much value, but there the jack pine and the black Norway and perhaps the cedar and birch will flour- ish. What has grown on the land once will grow again. Forest culture is a long-time proposi- tion. Sometimes it may be made to yield some returns in ten years, but for the most part it is another generation than that which undertakes it that must reap the benefit as far as lumber product is concerned. But there are other reasons why reforestation should be undertaken at once. While there is little or no evidence that forests have any influence upon rainfall, they do have some effect upon the climate and are of very great value in retaining and distributing the waterfall. So for the sake of the immediate future the waste land should be reclothed with trees ; and for the sake of the next generation and of the State, whose life is measured by centuries instead of years, forest culture should be practiced. The individual with proper encourage- ment could do~ something to this end, but the State can do more. All lands that come into its possession better suited for timber growing than for ag- ticulture should be devoted to that pur- pose. Fires should be prevented, nat- WHOLESALE HARDWARE. Some Interesting Changes Which Time Has Wrought. In the wholesale hardware trade there is a wide difference in the present condition from that of twenty years ago. At that time the business was transacted in a somewhat modest way, as regards competition, although a good volume of trade was reached; and, the financial condition being fairly good, prompt payments, as a rule, were the result. As the time rolled on competition was stronger from the sources that had been heard from only ina very small way, but found as time progressed that it was a ‘‘good business’’ and more was wanted, and during the last ten years competition has occupied a very prom- inent position, causing all to hustle for a good result. The continued prosper- ity of our country during the past three or four years has boomed the business in a most satisfactory manner. Being ural reseeding should be assisted and where necessary artificial planting may be practiced. The expenditure and the skill required must be backed by an awakened public sentiment. Much has been done in Michigan already in this direction. There have always been some few individuals who have con- cerned themselves with these matters, but now the people at large are begin- ning to see, though as through a veil, darkly, that here is a matter of vital importance to them and to their chil- dren. By all means uphold the hands of the State government, of the Forestry Commisson and of every means set on foot to promote public interest in the subject and to accomplish something worth while for the lasting benefit of the State. J. E. Defebaugh. ———_—~> 2. __—__ : Nine men out of every ten never think of winding the clock until after they oy put out the lights and got into ed, é in a somewhat exclusively agricultural and manufacturing section, our business is gauged by the condition of the farm- er, whether he is enjoying good or poor crops—if good, it means a larger vol- ume; if poor, the reverse. The same may be said of the manufacture, and for some years these industries have had no reason to complain, but on the con- trary have enjoyed the utmost prosper- ity. Goods are bought in a much different manner than they were twenty years ago. Then purchases were made largely in the spring and fall for the seasons’ requirements, but now they are made as needed, which enables payments to be made promptly, taking advantage of cash discounts. This method secures for the wholesale dealer a steady, good, every-day business, although he finds it a difficult problem at times to anticipate the wants required. An order given means the goods are wanted, and at once, and filling complete will result in further orders. The best results are obtained by carrying a good, well- assorted stock and shipping promptly. It has been somewhat difficult to secure certain lines of goods, especially those products controlled by the different trusts and combines, with whom you have to wait your turn, and at times their inclinations, to have your require- ments filled; but 1 think most of these people are getting more lenient in their exacting methods and trying for a bet- terment in their policies towards those on whom they are dependent for orders. Time will adjust all these differences. There is one thing in the wholesale hardware trade that will probably soon be abolished. I refer to the sample room, once a very prominent feature and thought indispensable to both seller and buyer; but now the business is done by the traveler and by mail, so that the sample room may soon be a thing of the past, thereby saving a large expense in maintaining it, to say nothing of the valuable space secured for other pur- poses. Another thing which has been a severe blow to the sample room is the illustrated catalogue, which has been put in use by almost every jobber, with most beneficial results, and which is in- dispensable to every up-to-date institu- tion and which is appreciated by those with whom you have business relations. In this connection I might also make mention of some houses which have sprung up in some of the large cities, especially in the West, during the past ten years. I refer to the catalogue houses, those concerns which issue cat- alogues not only of hardware, but all classes of goods usually carried in a de- partment store and do their business by mail direct with the consumer. It is houses of this kind that we are many times called upon to compete with for business and, from our standpoint as well as from the retailers’ standpoint, the only remedy we can suggest is to dis- courage the sale of goods carried by these concerns by refusing to buy them either from a jobber or a manufacturer. The travelers, too, cut quite an im- portant part in the business and I think you will find that the hardware traveler of to-day is a man of exceptionally good character, well posted in every detail of business and with the interest of both employer and customer continually in mind. These lines must be followed closely to be a successful traveler. I am of the opinion that the different associations that have been formed among the hardware dealers have been conducive of good results, especially of a social nature, thereby becoming fa- miliar with the views of a large number of successful business men, which must better our business conditions more or less. There has been a great improvement © in the manufacture of nearly every ar- ticle in the hardware trade, especially in builders’ hardware, there being no limit to beautiful designs and finishes. In fact, it would be very interesting to note the surprise of the old-time dealers and to hear their comments on the changes. I hope we shall continue to enjoy prosperity for many years, There is certainly every indication of it at the present time. J. G. Standart. ese s____ Often the Case. ‘It was like this,’’ said the promi- nent citizen of Beaumont, Tex. : ‘‘ They bored the well down three thousand feet without finding oil, and then pulled up the drill and moved off,’’ ‘The stockholders?’’ ‘‘Oh, they were left in the hole!’’ wn (CO Morton House Bouquet f Made in two sizes and qualities: f 10 cents straight. | 3 for a quarter. f Only made since May. Already a leader. Inceasing in popularity. f Sold by best dealers. Made by best union workmen from _ best { stock obtainable. f We should be pleased to receive ‘ your orders, either by mail or through your jobber. Geo. H. Seymour & Co. 82 Campau St., Grand Rapids, Mich. wh Ws wasn ws. a a. as a aor >, SAX wh WR Ws. as. ar, ar, or. GS © MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 63 Tn addition to the Large Line of Plain and Fancyee Paper Boxesee Made By Us In the past we take this opportunity of announcing to the trade that we are now prepared to furnish all kinds of FOLDING BOXES and can now supply the entire wants of the paper box consumers. SPECIAL—Onr printing department is very complete. Fine gold leaf work a specialty. Let us send you a sample of our Empress CANDY Box before you buy for the holidays. Kalamazoo Paper Box Company, Ss. 1. Barker, Manager ee wt The es : National City Bank eS Bo of Grand Rapids ae y ‘S21 CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $600,000 eo Offers to its customers complete facilities ae for the transaction of every kind of busi- loser ness. Business accounts, savings de- eo posits, trust fands carefully handled. Out el of town business given prompt and faithful &) attention. ie 4 RS = es ident = rest ° RISB FAS. R. WYLIE, 30 ie ee os ns ee ICHICAN’S OST ODERN ILLS Crescent Mill Pearl St. Remodeled 1900 Star Mill Front St. Remodeled 1903 Our mills are equipped with the latest machinery and are up-to-date in every respect, and for this reason we manufacture a high grade flour. OUR LEADERS ARE Royal Patent, Crescent, Calla Lily, Gilt Edge, White Rose, Star We use selected wheat, employ skilled workmen, have the right prices and solicit your correspondence. We are sole manufacturers of FLouroict, an improved WHOLE WHEAT FLOUR, with the bran and all impurities eliminated. We gladly embrace this opportunity to thank our customers for past patronage and to assure them that we shall undertake to merit a continuance of their confidence and esteem. BEST | Voigt Milling Co. BY | TEST Grand Rapids, Mich. 64 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS. Abolish Sub-Treasuries and Establish a Branch Banking System. Our attention has been drawn to the financial requirements of the country through the able addresses recently de- livered in Milwaukee before the Ameri- can Bankers’ Association by our Hon- ored Secretary of the Treasury, A. B. Stickney, and James H. Eckles. These addresses united in declaring that there is urgerft need of reform in our legislative enactments regarding banking and our present method of handling the Government finances. No definite scheme of reform was advo- cated, although many suggestions were made. The subject is a large one, but not too large for the American people, who are in the habit of accomplishing what they set out to do as soon as_ they have made up their minds what it is they want. The important question at present therefore is, What do we want? After we have satisfactorily answered that question, and can convince a ma- jority of the people that we have an- swered it correctly, there will be no trouble about our getting it. At pres- ent, therefore, we should commence a careful study of the question from a practical standpoint and enter upon a new campaign of education, so that the people will understand what we are working for. This campaign received a splendid start at the convention in Milwaukee, which should be followed up by us in our different localities all over the country. What then do we want? First, we want the emancipation of the Government’s hoards of actual money, so that instead of locking up enormous sums extracted from the chan- nels of commerce, like the life’s blood from a giant, it may be allowed free circulation, supporting as it should and would the business and commerce of the country. Following up the simile, the hoarding of money in the Treasury, especialiy when the Government’s receipts exceed its expenditures, as they have of late, is just like tapping the veins of a giant. It does not kill him outright, but it weakens him so that he reels and _ stag- gers like a drunken man. Similar is the effect on the giant commerce of this country when the Government with- draws money from circulation and hoards it in its private vaults. Nor does the occasional injection of the vital fluid by the Secretary of the Treasury permanently cure the trouble which our erroneous system periodically pro- duces, although it temporarily strength- ens the situation and on occasions we have been thankful for so much, on the theory that half a loaf is better than no bread. There can be but one cure for this trouble, and that is the abolition of the sub-treasuries; the deposit of the Government's receipts in and the dis- bursement of them through the banks. In other words, the Government should do its business in just the same manner as the business of other concerns is done. The next step, on which all seem to be agreed, is the withdrawal from circu- lation of the Government legal tender notes, commonly called ‘‘greenbacks,’’ or, as_ has been urged for years, the re- tirement of the Government from the banking business. This has been par- tially accomplished and will be ulti- mately brought about when we have per- fected our banking system so that we can get along without the Government ~ issue. Then we should have a system of banking that will hang together as a system and not fall to pieces whenever reverses come and public confidence is shaken in the business situation. Mr. Stickney went so far as to declare that we have no system, and in the strict sense of the word this is true. In this connection it is essentially a condition and not a theory that we must face. We have now 4,000 national banks and more than that number of state banks. How to bring this large number of in- dependent and isolated institutions into a general system, where they will stand together and support each other in crises as they occur, is a great question and can not be answered off-hand. We must feel our way. The rights of each and every bank that has grown up and has been fostered under our present sys- tem, or lack of system, must be care- fully protected. A radical change toa system which ing the world in our banking system, as we are in our manufactures and com- merce. What set us astray? An elabor- ate system of legislation, controlling the banks and preventing their develop- ment along natural lines and subordi- nating them to the Government's neces- sities. Iam afraid of too much legisla- tion again in an attempt to correct the wrongs which are apparent. I am afraid to adopt any theoretic system that may be elaborated because no man can tell until it is tried what its effect might be. As I see existing conditions, I am inclined to urge that we try and get back on the right track, without any revolutionary or retrograde movement. I can not at present enter into an elaborate argument in regard to branch banking and asset currency. I recog- nize their value and their benefit as much as any one and I want to have them introduced into our system, if it can be possibly accomplished, just as has proved successful in another country and which might have been equally suc- cessful in this had it been adopted at the start, would, in my opinion, so in- terfere with the vested rights uf exist- ing banks as to prevent its being at- tempted. For the building up of a strong bank- ing system we took the wrong track when the banking interests of the coun- try were subordinated to the temporary necessities of the Government, but we have gone too far along the track we are on to jump suddenly back to that junc- tion of our history and commence all over again. We must evolve and not revolve ; go forward and not backward. There is not the slightest doubt in my mind that had the banking business of this country been developed along the lines of branch banking and asset cur- rency, instead of being compelled to base its organization on Government bonds, we would by this time be lead- soon as we can, but by evolution and not by revolution. To my mind the first essential of asset currency is large con- centrated capital and cash resources at the source of redemption to furnish strength to the system. And the second is branch banks to circulate the cur- rency. It seems to me that we should experiment with one thing at a time. Suppose, for the present, we only change our existing banking laws so that national banks will be allowed to establish branches, say in the state in which they are organized. Let us see how this would work and if we find that it works satisfactorily we can, some years hence, extend our system by au- thorizing banks, with sufficient capital to warrant it, to. issue circulation against their assets. This is merely a suggestion and is the only suggestion along this line that I feel warranted in making at present, for I confess that I have not been able to grasp the subject in all its magnitude © in such a way as would warrant me in recommending the tacking on of asset currency to our banking privileges as they exist now. Ifthe national banks are allowed to issue a circulation on their credit, the right can not be with- held from the state banks, whose assets are of a similar nature, to do the same thing. We would therefore have some 8,000 banks issuing circulating notes, which seems to me has only to be stated to show the danger and inconvenience of it. Some system might be evolved whereby a bank of issue might be or- ganized in which all the banks in the country might become individually in- terested in proportion to their individ- ual capital and resources, and through that bank in some way they might all participate in the bank circulation, but to have them all issuing their own notes in their present disintegrated con- dition and lack of system seems to me to be quite impractical. James B. Forgan. ——__~. 24. __—_ The Scarcity of Lumber. From the Cincinnati Commercial Tribune. Morris Hayward, a lumberman of Columbus, Ohio, stopped over at the Honing on his way to the Kentucky River copper fields yesterday for a few hours. When asked as to the present condition of the lumber market, Mr. Hayward said: ‘‘The demand for first-class white pine can not be met with the present output of the various mills throughout the country. The fault, however, does not lie with the capacity of the mills. It is simply that all of the available timber which formerly in the country where it grew was reckoned first class has been cut. Timber which was in former years passed by the chop- ers as not being worth the time and trouble to cut is eagerly sought. For- merly trees which would not cut 800 feet when ready for the market were passed. Now, however, saplings which run 6 by 6 are cut and sent to the market. This sort of lumber is of an inferior grade, as in the center is what is known as a heart, which is a part of the tree which is not matured. The demand for poplar is also on the increase, and the best posted men in that line look forward to a famine, which will demand a sub- stitute. At present experiments are be- ing made with a view to finding a sub- stitute for poplar. None as good as the original has been found. The nearest wood which could be used instead is the cottonwood. This lumber is used now extensively in the manufacture of the cheaper grades of vehicles, but it does not answer for the higher grades of that class of goods, and if a first-class sub- stitute is not found soon it will be hard to foretell what the prices of both white pine and poplar will reach.’’ —_>¢.>__ The Voracious Bullfrog. From the Philadelphia Record. ‘*Bullfrogs are about as voracious as anacondas,’’ says Keeper Thompson, of. the Zoo’s reptile house. ‘‘What do you suppose a full grown bullfrog especially likes? Birds. The clumsy looking, sleepy frog is a marvel of swiftness when it comes to capturing ameal. He will lie motionless along the banks of a pond or stream, and when birds come down to drink or bathe they are swal- lowed in a twinkling if they get within range. A bullfrog is just like a snake. He can gulp-down a meal as big as himself. Let an unwary sparrow ven- _ ture within a few inches of the motion- less frog and there will be a lightning- like leap, a gulp and the frog again as- sumes his immovable attitude, but he will look as if he had swallowed a mat- tress. Of course, if birds can not be had bullfrogs will appease their ap- petites with insects, but they are always on the watch for unwary members of the feathered tribe. I have several full grown bullfrogs in one of the tanks, and they prefer birds to any other food. Once in a while | catch mice and feed them to the frogs, which bolt them whole with the greatest ease, ’’ 2 No. 3716 Dickey Bird. One of the ys many —— sellers of our splendid ; : lines of toys. Per dozen................$9 75 No. 374 China 3 Piece Set. One of the many beautiful items we show in our china department. Or GOrOe Se $8 50 No. 242 7=Piece Berry Set. A splendid set for $1 We show an immense variety ranging in prices from 47¢c and upwards. 25 Be nel No. 3874 Shoo Fly Rocker. The always popular In % dozen lots. toy. Per dozen ee a $11 50 Painted seat, finely Fer dozen........ 4 00 No. 3870 Shoo Fly Rocker. In % dozen lots. dappled horses, aes 4 ~ EE Eee No. 87 Straight Knee Sleighs with fiat shoes. in 4 deveniots. Perdosen °..%....... ..-.......- .. $3 80 See our full line in catalogue. No. 3857 Friction Toy. A splendid article, fully described on page 83 of catalogue No. 162. Each..... $0 75 We show an incomparable line of Dolls, Gocarts and Carriages at the lowest prices. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Peter eS __‘*W” Assortment Celluloid Novelties comprising 25 carefully selected and rapidly selling articles, retailing at from 25 to 50 cents each. Per package.......... $5 06 Three Large Salesrooms Crowded with irresistible line of Staple and Christmas Goods at prices on which you can make a GOOD PROFIT a You should see our assortment of CHRISTMAS GOODS in person, but if you cannot make us a personal visit send for our HOLIDAY CATALOGUE which we will mail on request. _f WRITE FOR CATALOGUE TO-DAY! a H. Leonard & Sons Fulton and Commerce Sts. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. ‘*DD” Assortment Celluloid Novelties Comprising the 12 splendidly selling articies shown in illustration. They retail at from 50c up to $2.00 apiece. Per package.... see eee emer eer eee vere eee Our book department is crowded with the most popular and best sell- ing lines on the market. No. 3010 Toilet Case. A popular leader of we endless variety wastiow. Easel. ................... 055 ‘*Genuine Rogers’’ Triple Plate Berry Spoon. A hint ot the marvelous values we offer in silverware. Trt Eaee........ ........... . $ Gitbowl Eseh.....-...-.00 Boys’ Tool Chests. We show an elegant line from the 25 center up to the largest $.400 ones. Combinola. The game board par excellence, fully deseribed in our catalogue. From 10 to 50 games on one board. Ingersoll’s Yankee Watch. The greatest dollar ic). $8 Gg. watel in Ameriea..::.. 0.2... ec. $0 75 Saad @ 4 4 Pe a Ree ee Ae r Nai esa ade clacton ts 2 ® eR «4 % ; es rec ascot i Nata crn ar Se en ee 66 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ~Woman’s World Qualities in Women Which Men Most Admire. The other day a young girl com- plained to me that she was not admired by men. ‘*Why,’’ she asked, ‘‘should some girls always have hordes of beaux, while other girls just as attractive in every way, as far as anybody can see, never have any? I am young. I am pretty and well educated and well placed in society, yet 1 am continually passed over for girls who have not half of my advantages. Why is it?’’ ‘*Perhaps,’’ I suggested, ‘‘you lack adaptability.’’ ‘*What do you mean by that?’’ she enquired. ‘*Well,’’ I answered, ‘‘last night when Jack Graham was here, J heard you arguing with him about a play. You said a certain actor played it and he said some other one did.”’ ‘‘Well,’’ she replied, triumphantly, “‘and I was right, too.’’ *‘Ah,’’ I. said, ‘‘that was the fatal part of it. If you had been wrong and had allowed him to convince you of your error and acknowledged his su- perior information and wisdom, he might have come back again.’’ ‘“‘Do you mean,’’ she exclaimed, “‘that I must sit still and let a man carry his point when I know better?’’ ‘It is the price of a man’s self-affec- tion,’’ I answered séntentiously, and then I went on seriously: ‘‘My dear girl, the woman who wants to be ad- mired by men, and she is every moth- er’s daughter of us, has always to re- member that men regard women not as a necessity of life, but one of the lux- uries. A man’s real interest in the world is his business, and when he seeks a woman’s society, whether she be a girl friend or his wife, it is for amuse- ment and entertainment, just as he would go to the play or read a book. ““Tf the play was dull, he would get up and leave after the first act. If the book combated his every idea and theory, he would toss it aside. If more women realized this there would be fewer wives spending solitary evenings at home. After a hard day’s work, in which he has fought out a hundred ques- tions with business rivals and incom- petent clerks, no man wants to come home to enter into a joint debate with his wife that lasts until bedtime. He wants to be soothed,to be admired,to be deferred to and looked up to. Still less does any young man want to have his vanity ruffled by a snip of a girl who stands ready to dispute his statements and prove she is in the right. 1 should Say it is an even choice between a wed- ding ring and having your say ina talkfest, for no man in his senses is go- ing to espouse a woman with the argu- ing habit.’’ ‘**But,’’ persisted qualities do men women?’’ “‘Ah,’’ I answered, ‘‘if I knew that I would not be a poor wretch of a_news- paper woman, I would be a prophetess, with my sex making pilgrimages to my shrine. It is one of the secrets that every woman has to find out for herself; and when she does, she takes precious good care not to give the snap away. It is not beauty, for I have seen girls who were perfect dreams of female pulchri- tude overlooked for some woman who was as homely as the proverbial mud fence. It is not wealth, for I have the girl, ‘‘what admire most in known girls with trunks full of Paris clothes who sat about with the chaper- ons at dances, while some poor girl, with only one white muslin frock to her name, had to divide up every waltz. It is not wit nor cleverness, for men fear them and flee from them in a woman as they would the smallpox. It is that in- tangible something we call charm—the God-given faculty of knowing how to please.’’ This is tact and there should bea chair for the propagation of this virtue in every female seminary in the land, and no girl who has not taken a certifi- cate in it should be turned loose in so- ciety. A woman without tact is a flower without perfume, a song without har- mony, an irritant instead of a soother in life. To some tact is given as their birthright, but it is a faculty that any one may acquire, for it simply means putting yourself in the other person’s place and doing as you would be done by. Nothing else is so amazing as the liberty we allow people in this respect. If we should ask a woman to dinner and she was so awkward she smashed the china and wrecked the glass and spilled wine and soup all over the table, we would consider her too great a boor to associate with, but a woman will come and trample all over our feelings and expect us to excuse it because she was not born tactful. J maintain that any woman who has intelligence enough to learn to handle cut glass without breaking it has sense enough to learn to handle other people's susceptibilities and not to introduce subjects that wound and mortify. Unless a person can refrain from talking to a family whose petted son has absconded about bank robbers, or a divorcee about do- mestic infelicity, they ought to be kept locked up in solitary confinement. They are not safe to have about. The tactful girl knows what to say to men and what to leave unsaid. She does not rub her college diploma and her higher education in on honest Jobn Poorman, who has had to go to work the minute he left the public school to support his mother. She does not tell the old beau, who has a monomania on thinking he is still one of the boys, to take the only seat in the car because she likes to show deference to old age. She does not rave over athletes to little thin chested bank clerks or talk to any man about any other living man. On the contrary, she listens rather than talks, although she can furnish conversation in plenty when she strikes the silent man. She can absorb herself in golf or take a heart interest in the grocery trade or enthuse over records or whatever the occasion demands. She realizes the Scriptural ideal of being all things to all men, and verily great is her reward. There are no people so intelligent as those who appreciate us. Next to this, I think, the thing that men like most in women is good nature. I have never seen a man yet who ad- mired a sharp-tongued woman or wanted to marry her. Theclever woman whose wit and sarcasm make people laugh is applauded sometimes, but she is invari- ably shelved. It is honey and not vin- egar with which a trap for masculine flies must be baited. No man likes to think that he may become the target for the ridicule of a woman or that his wife may sharpen her wit on his faults in the after-marriage period of existence. The he resident of the United States of America, SREETING: To HENRY K.OCH, your clerks, attorneys, ager:s, salesmen. and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, Wher cas, it has been represented to us in our Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey, in the Third Circuit, on the part of the ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainant, that it has lately exhibited its said Bill of Complaint in our said Circuit Court of the United States for the District of New Jersey, against you, the said HENRY KOCH, Defendant, to be relieved touching the matters therein complained of, and that the said , ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainart, is entitled to the exclusive use of the designation ‘‘SAPOLIO” as a trade-mark for scouring soap, Mow, Cherefore, we do strictly command and perpetually enjoin you, the said HENRY KOCH, your clerks, attorneys, agents, salesmen and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under under the pains and penalties which may fall upon you and each of you in case of disobedience, that absolutely desist and refrain from in any manner unlawfully using the word ‘*SAPOLIO,” you, you do or any word or words substantially similar thereto in sound or appearance, in connection with the manufacture or sale of any scouring soap not made or produced by or for the Complainant, and from directly, or indirectly, By word of mouth or otherwise, selling or delivering as “SAPOLIO,” or when “SAPOLIO” is asked for, that which is not Complainant's said manufacture, and from in any way using the word “SAPOLIO false or misleading manner. ” in any ° aVitness, The honorable Metvitte W. Futier, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States of America, at the City of Trenton, in said District of New Jersey, this 16th day of December, in the year of our Lord, one thousand, eight hundred and ninety-two, {sear] ROWLAND COX, [sicnzp} Complainant's Solictte. S. D. OLIPHANT, Creré MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 67 woman who has good-natured toleration for the shortcomings of others, and who can meet the inevitable bad quarters of an_ hour of life with a smile and a jest, has that which makes her desirable as a companion and invaluable as a wife. Another thing that men like is sim- plicity. Airs and graces do not go with men, They make them tired. The girl who can join in any kind of a chorus, even if she gets off the key now and then,is more admired than a Calve who has to be coaxed to sing. The girl men like is the sort toat can enjoy a sand- wich supper just as much as she can champagne and terrapin; who can be just as jolly on a hay ride as she could in an automobile; who can laugh just as heartily over a negro minstrel show as she could at Nat Goodwin, and who is always, at all times, ready to make the best of whatever comes along. One of the mistakes girls make most frequently is that in trying to attract the admiration of men, they overdo some quality that they think men like. There are many virtues in life that require to be used with moderation. For instance: Men like a girl to be well dressed, present a good appearance, but they do not like the poor creatures whose brains are cut on the bias and shirred in the middle. They like the woman who laughs at a good joke, but they loathe the chronic giggler. They like a girl who reads, but they do not want to be knocked down with Ibsen and_Matterlinck. They like a girl to be athletic, but they do not want an imitation man. They do not like the girl who preaches, but every man fears and dreads the woman who has no religion. Finally, beloved, believe that there is no difference between a man’s ideal weman and a woman's ideal woman. No girl ever makes a greater error than when she thinks that men admire qual- ities in a woman that other women do not admire. It is woman’s privilege to brighten life and to be all that is sweet- est and tenderest, most gracious and sympathetic, and when she is that she has not only the admiration of men, but her own sex as well. Dorothy Dix. ——__> ++ _____ Observations by a Gotham Egg Man. The supply of fresh gathered eggs seems to have kept up a little larger than usual this month and while the proportion of high grade goods has been small we have had so many of medium quality as to interfere some- what with a very free reduction of re- frigerator stocks. There have lately been some indications of reduced collec- tions of fresh stock in the West and it is hoped that the accumulations of coun- try holdings outside of cold storage are getting worked down so much as to en- sure an improvement in the quality of later arrivals, giving us a chance to clean up more closely and make greater inroads upon cold storage reserves. There would then be a prospect for somewhat higher prices for fresh gath- ered eggs. But it is very doubtful that a further advance in high grade fresh gathered stock would have any effect upon prices for usual qualities of refrig- erators. The season is advancing, stocks re- maining in cold storage are liberal and receivers here have lately had a consid- erable increase in the enquiries from interior holders as to prospective outlets for their goods. There isa very free offering of average qualities and it looks as if the outlets would be amply filled at about present prices. The chances of profit in carrying re- frigerator eggs over the turn of the year are growing less every year. The growth of egg production has_ been greatest in southerly directions where interference from winter weather is im- probable. South of the Ohio Valley and the middle line of Missouri and Kan- sas, extending well down to the gulf, there is a territory in which winter egg production is growing larger every year and in which the month of December marks the beginning of increased lay- ing ; under ordinary circumstances these goods begin to reach Eastern markets pretty freely in January and unless con- ditions in other parts of the country are so bad as to make the drain on South- ern production unusually great prices are likely to rule comparatively low. There is consequently a general disposi- tion among holders to ‘‘ make hay while the sun shines’’ and while some look forward with very rosy views the pres- ent moderate profits are very acceptable to the majority of holders, The position of exceptional qualities of refrigerator eggs is naturally stronger than that of average grade. The widen- ing difference in value between the fine fresh and held eggs affords dealers a large profit on stock whose quality is so fine as to permit substitution in a class of trade that pays full prices, based on the value of fresh eggs. As the sea- son advances the proportion of this high quality among the refrigerator holdings decreases and they are likely to com- mand more or less premium over the prices generally ruling. Even now they are not easily found and dealers look- ing for them, even when willing to pay pretty stiff prices, have to examine many samples before securing the desired quality. Quite a curiosity was exhibited in a Harrison street egg store one day last week. It was a hen’s egg in which an- other perfect egg was enclosed. The larger egg was of normal size and ap- pearance and when broken open was found to contain the usual single yolk with its surrounding of albumen; but lying across the egg, and enveloped in the white membrane which lies next the shell was a small egg with a hard shell, about an inch long, its long curvature fitting the short curvatuve of the larger egg. The egg candler who discovered this freak told me that he had seen but few others like it in all his experience and that nearly all of those previously seen, as did this one, came from Ken- tucky.—N. Y. Produce Review. en High Prices Paid For Beans, From the Santa Barbara Cal., Press. The bean growers of the Santa Maria Valley will realize from $250, 000 to $300, - ooo for the bean crop this year. There have been seasons when the crop was heavier, but not in many years has there been a season when a good yield met with high prices. The crop is being contracted for at three cents. They are mostly the small white and the navy bean. —————-__ ar __—___ The German Emperor is said to be a good shot in spite of his lame arm. He uses a kind of prop on which he rests his arm when taking aim. Geo. H. Reifsnider & Co. Commission Merchants and Wholesale Dealers in Fancy Creamery Butter, Eggs, Cheese 321 Greenwich Street, New York References: Irving National Bank of New York and Michigan Tradesman. POTATOES Wanted in carlots only. We pay highest market price. In writing state variety and quality. H. ELMER MOSELEY & Co. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Long Distance Telephones—Citizens 2417 304 & 305 Clark Building, Bell Main 66 Opposite Union Depot MOSELEY BROS. BUY BEANS, CLOVER SEED, FIELD | PEAS, POTATOES, ONIONS, If any stock to offer write or telephone us. Carloads less. 28-30-32 OTTAWA ST., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. WHOLESALE OYSTERS CAN OR BULK. F. J. DETTENTHALER, Grand Rapids, Mich. or ee @ @ C.D. CRITTENDEN, : e e 9 © Successor to ©. H. LIBBY. ; ® Wholesale Butter, Eggs, Fruits, Produce. Consignments solicited. Reference, State Bank of Michigan. 98 So. Division St. Both phones, 1300. Grand Rapids, Mich, aia RRA AS ARE IAN DR R. HIRT, JR. 34 and 36 Market Street, Detroit, Mich. FRUITS AND PRODUCE Write for Quotations References—City Savings Bank, Commercial Agencies “WANTED” We are in the market for BEANS, CLOVER, ALSYKE, POTA- TOES AND ONIONS Correspond with us before selling. ALFRED J. BROWN SEED CO., CRAND RAPIDS, MICH. OO ®©DOOQOQDOOOOO We are making a specialty at present oa fancy Messina Lemons Stock is fine, in sound condition and good keepers. Price very low. Write or wire for quotations. E. E. HEWITT, Successor to C. N. Rapp & Co. 9 North Ionia Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. Geo. N. Huff & Co. WANTED 10.000 Dozen Squabs, or Young Pigeons just before leaving nest to fly. Also Poultry, Butter, Eggs and Old Pigeons. Highest market guaranteed on all shipments. Write for references and quotations. 55 Cadillac Square, Detroit, Michigan bi a i 4 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MERCHANTS IN POLITICS. Why They Should Make Their Influence Felt. It would be well for the country at large if more merchants would accept public office. We have in politics to- day principally lawyers who are holding positions of trust, such as some in the Legislature, in Congress, etc. A mer- chant’ is in a position to be in very close touch with the people, as they are in and out of his place of business daily, and he can not say: ‘‘I am busy and can not talk with you.’’ A mer- chant is always in readiness to leave all kinds of work to wait upon his trade and oftentimes the customer will occupy a large amount of his time, telling his troubles or the troubles of others, and in this way he becomes very familiar with the wants of all kinds‘of people. A lawyer in politics is a poor proposi- tion—that is, too many of them, as we now have in politics—for to get a law- yer's ear and have a chat with him is absolutely the reverse from meeting a merchant. If he is a lawyer of any prominence and has a large clientage, one may wait in his anteroom all day and not be able to see him, which is very fortunate for the lawyer in politics. Not so with the merchant. He is always easy of access. To be a successful poli- ticlan a man must tread aiong the same lines as the merchant does when he waits upon his customers, continually exercising patience and cordiality to all. The merchant who has been do- ing a credit business for a number of years, as well as waiting upon his trade individually, becomes a fairly good judge of human nature. A good sales- man rarely makes the mistake of offend- ing a man, as he always has the keen perception of knowing what will not offend each individual that he comes in contact with. The lawyer’s or doctor’s success in his profession is to be cred- ited principally to his thorough knowl- edge of his profession and not the abil- ity of being able to handle all kinds of people. A lawyer or doctor who has built up for himself a large practice is, as a rule, a cold-blooded proposition. He has his own ideas firmly fixed and it is almost an impossibility to change them, while the merchant is oftentimes compelled to change his views to suit the fancy of his customers and the con- sequence is that the merchant is the more pliable and elastic in his views and in every sense more fitted for posi- tions in the affairs of the State and Na- tion than a professional man. But you will find few merchants in politics, and there are many very good reasons why there are not more of them in politics. All merchants should take an active in- terest in primaries to see that their re- spective parties will nominate good men for office, but we have few merchants in the country who give politics a second thought, leaving it in the hands of men who are not in touch with the wants of the common people or the business world. Let a merchant be elected to office and he starts out with the idea that a ‘‘public office is a public trust’’ and that he will revolutionize a great many things in his own town or state according to the office he is elected to. If it is in the city, the first step that he takes toward reform reminds him that he is treading, perhaps, upon the toes of a number of good customers and then it is a question between duty and trade, and then again he will find out that the men he associates with in office are what are commonly known as politi- cians—men who earn their living from politics and their one aim in life is to perpetuate themselves or their friends in some good public position—and he will find that certain reforms that he has con- templated he can not carry out, from the very fact that the officers supposedly under him refuse to be governed by their superior officer, and when he comes to look up the act creating these offices he will find that he has no power to remove them and that the man he ap- pointed has more power than the man that appointed him, which to a mer- chant would be exceedingly humiliating, for in the management of his own busi- ness he employs a man to carry out his own policies and ideas to a great ex- tent and if his employe does not follow along the lines mapped out for him he is simply discharged and some one else put in his place who will carry out the merchant’s ideas and policies. The consequence is that, when a merchant is MERCHANDISE BROKERAGE. Some Changes Which Twenty Years Have Brought. Mr. Stowe has asked me to write a review of the brokerage business for twenty years, but as this would take up more space than he would care to allow, I will simply make a few comparisons of the business and people then and now. As the brokerage business is very closely allied with the grocery business, I trust that the reader will pardon me if I encroach upon the preserves of the grocery ‘‘reviewer.’’ Twenty years has seen many changes not only in the personnel of the trade, but in the class of goods handled. Twenty years ago S. M. Lemon had just resigned his position with Lautz Bros., with whom he had established an en- viable reputation as a soap salesman, to take an interest in Shields, Bulkley shorn of all power of removal when in politics, and he finds’ that his reforms are going to injure him in trade he soon becomes disgusted with political life. A merchant who enters politics where there is no large salary connected with it makes a mistake, unless he be comfortably off financially. But for a young man who is struggling along to build up a business, when he accepts an office at the hands of the people, if he be conscientious, he will give a great deal of his time and, perhaps, money toward the conducting of the office, which he can ill afford to do, and either his busi- ness or public affairs must suffer, On the other hand the time that he formerly had for recreation and pleasure he_ will find himself deprived of. Sundays as well as week days will have to be crowded with the work of public af- fairs and his business, in order to keep pace with both, John D, Mangum. & Co. ; Amos Musselman was a_ book- keeper for Hibbard & Graff, millers; O. A. Ball was working the city trade for Cody, Olney & Co. ; Heman Barlow was shipping clerk for John Caulfield; Sumner M. Wells was teaching school in Penn Yan, N. Y.; Ed. Frick was hustling groceries in a small retail es- tablishment down in the Holland coun- try; George Caulfield was a_ barefoot boy running around his father’s store on Canal street, and the writer, a green boy just out of school, was office boy, book-keeper, etc., in the office of that pioneer broker, H. F. Hastings. If the people have changed, the man- ner of doing business and the character of goods handled have also changed. Then we sold sugars in ten or fifteen barrel lots, making up a car among our jobbers nearly every day. Now a car is the minimum and 1,000 barrel orders are common and a 5,000 barrel order is not an uncommon purchase. On the contrary, then we sold plug tobacco in 1,000 butt lots and 32 pound butts at that! But there were but few brands on the market, while now there are hun- dreds. hen we sold mess pork, dry salt sides, soaked canned goods and cheap cigars. Five barrels of steel cut oatmeal was the usual quantity ordered and Quaker oats and rolled oats were unknown. Now thousands of barrels of rolled oats are sold here annually and cereal breakfast foods are about as common and numer- ous as the brands of tobacco. These changes are the result of the changed condition of the population of our State. Then we catered to the rough logger, who would not be satisfied with a dish of oatmeal for breakfast, but had to have something more substantial, like salt pork and potatoes. Now our consumers are the well-to-do mechanics, farmers and artisans and they demand a better class of goods and a larger va- riety. To return to the brokerage business proper, back in the late ’70’s two young men happened to be seated at the same table at the Morton House. As they were both traveling men, they naturally fell into conversation. Finally, one asked the other what his line was and was informed that he had just thrown up a position with a Chicago house to locate here in the brokerage business. ‘‘Well,’’ said the other, ‘‘Il see your finish, as I have just resigned my _ posi- tion with a New York tea importer to go into the same business and there is not enough here for two, so | think that you had better look for another posi- tion.’’ The other, however, was not of the kind to be easily discouraged and decided that he would be the man to stay and had the plesaure of seeing his competitor (Mr. McKenzie) pull out and leave the field to him. While there had been another attempt several years before to start a brokerage business here by some one whose name has been forgotten, this was the first successful venture in this line. The ‘*one who stuck’’ was that God’s noble- man, Henry F. Hastings, who, in the fifteen years that he was here, built up a good business and made hosts of friends. Reminiscences of him are legion—of his liberality to all public ‘| enterprises and his loyalty to his friends —and some of the now prosperous houses of to-day can recall the many times in their struggling infancy when he used his means and credit freely to help them meet maturing obligations and his memory has a warm spot in the hearts of all of the veterans in the busi- ness. For several years he had the field-to himself, but the growing importance of the market soon attracted others until at times there have been a dozen or fifteen firms doing business (or trying to) at the same time. New concerns are con- Stantly starting, but after a short exist- ence give it up, and I| do not think that I exaggerate any when I make the as- sertion that in the twenty years of my connection with the business there have been over fifty persons engaged in it at one time or another. It has been an- other example of the survival of the fit- test. Those few who have survived—and to survive means to gain the confidence of your trade—have been in the busi- ness for terms varying from ten to twenty years and furnish plenty of com- petition, so that our jobbers are enabled to buy their goods and successfully com- pete with the largest houses in the coun- ee hes Lak ES, cs augtinle WEP eR aig « ES “Saat 2a lige ai, ahr MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 69 This is the way Grocerymen the business We give you the trade discount when you buy your goods, STOWS and do not ask you to wait 60 or go days for the same, nor do terest and place your next order for CRACKERS and BAKED GOODS with Kennedys Oysterettes Kennedys Oysterettes Kennedys Oysterettes NATIONAL BISCUIT COMPANY E. J. Kruce & Co., Detroit, Michigan we want your money to do business with. Consult your in- : Not in the Trust - aa? 333933333333 33332333333339332 4 Se ‘silicate atsieaeeieeiiaeai ini n IS A SILENT QUALITY SALESMAN AND MAKES PERMANENT PATRONS THAT'S F. M. C. Coffee FREEMAN MERCANTILE CoO. COFFEE ROASTERS GRAND RAPIDS @ 2 @ @ MICHIGAN PSS eS SS I PII LIS LILI IT I LSI STESIREREREEEREREEREES | SCOTTEN-DILLON COMPANY | ass TOBACCO MANUFACTURERS SS (MED . oS INDEPENDENT FACTORY DETROIT, MICHIGAN oS aS OUR LEADING BRANDS. KEEP THEM IN MIND. Ss eS FINE CUT SMOKING PLUG oS aS UNCLE DANIEL. HAND PRESSED. Flake Cut. CREME DE MENTHE. zs} aS OJIBWA. DOUBLE CROSS. Long Cut. STRONG HOLD. IS See FOREST GIANT. SWEET CORE. Plug Cut. FLAT IRON. oS eS) SWEET SPRAY. FLAT CAR. Granulated. SO_LO. ss SEXS3 The above brands are manufactured from the finest selected Leaf Tobacco that money can buy. See quotations in SANs rice current. CS} P Sais Stes Ke eS Bigger Box. @ « THE MODERN STOVE POLISH IMPROVED QUALITY =| Liquid--- — 2 i Best Vet! 9 1 Fire Proof!! Dealers:—September Ist we commenced the sale of our new packages ENAMELINE LIQUID is THE modern stove polish—a great im- of ENAMELINE, No. 4 and No. 6; each about 50 PER CENT. LARG- provement. In tin cans with screw tops—cannot break, slop or spoil; ready ER THAN FORMERLY and with NO CHANGE IN PRICE. The to use quick, easy, brilliant, FIRE PROOF; keeps perfectly for years. quality has been improved so the goods will keep much better than ever. Large cans, 5c and roc. THE BEST YET and a WINNER. We have appropriated $200,000 FOR ADVERTISING the coming year. You should get in line fer a BOOM on ENAMELINE. [If you don’t like it, send it back, as we guarantee it in every respect. J. L. PRESCOTT & CO., NEW YORK. 70 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN try. Manufacturers and importers long ago realized the advantage of the local broker and have gradually placed their accounts in his hands, rather than go to the expense of having their own men see the trade once in 30, 60 or go days. Consequently, there are not nearly the number of traveling salesmen in the staple lines visiting the trade now as formerly. As an_ illustration of this, I will say that I have connections with whom I have done business for ten or fifteen years and I have never yet seen a representative of the firm. Chas. N. Remington, Jr. —_____*-¢ 2 _____ Tale of Two Cities. ‘*Some of the peculiar conditions pre- vail at the twin cities of Nogales, Mex- ico, and Nogales, Ariz.,’’ said the De- troiter who recently returned from a visit to Mexico. ‘‘The international boundary line is formed by a street that divides the two towns,and the boundary stakes are set out with a very nice re- gard for technicalities. There isa sa- loon there which has more than a local reputation, and the proprietor is cer- tainly an enterprising individual. His saloon is located on the street that di- vides the two countries, and ata point where the dividing line is not clearly defined. The patron of this saloon buys his drink in America, and stepping across the hall, he buys his cigar in Mexico. In this way the proprietor avoids the duty on imported cigars and can provide his customers with the best make at lower prices than most of his competitors. ‘*They tell an amusing story about an American who imbibed too much fight- ing whisky in this saloon. When he arrived at a certain stage he allowed his prejudices to get the best of him, and standing near the boundary line in his own country he heaped anathemas and hurled defiance at the people across the border. A couple of Mexican officers stood across the street, almost in reach of the pugnacious American, hoping he would stroll across into Mex- ico. He did get over there after a while, although the trip was wholly un- premeditated. During a_ harangue against Mexican institutions and the police in particular, he happened to lurch too far over to starboard and fell into Mexico, The alert cops promptly grabbed him and although he didn’t get a chance to take in the sights he paid an extended visit to the country he had so eloquently maligned.’’ How Habits Affect Different Men. The late Congressman Richard Vaux, of Philadelphia, used to tell of two brothers called upon in a court of law to testify as to their habits. The first one examined said he was 87 years of age, ahd never used tobacco, and had never tasted liquor, wine or beer. The other gave his age as 89, and added: ‘‘I have chewed tobacco since I was 17, been a steady smoker, and not since | was 32 have I ever gone to bed sober if I had money enough to buy the _ neces- Sary quantity of whisky.’’ Admiral Febiger, who died at the age of 80 a few years ago, boasted in his old age that he had never taken any care of himself, and that he ate and drank what he pleased. Further iliustrations of the old saw that what is medicine for one person is poison for another. —_____~» 2» Rice lands in Texas two years ago were selling-slowly at $5 to $15. To-day such land is selling much faster at $20 to $50 per acre, and immigration to the rice belt is quite active. THE COUNTRY BANKER. Advantages and Disadvantages Under Which He Labors. The early history of the country banker is without noticeable events. He is born in obscurity, reared in frugal economy and educated in the district school. When he arrives at the age of responsibility he begins business in some small town and generally as a pri- vate banker. He is sucha person be- cause of his limited capital and experi- ence and lack of knowledge of the out- -side world. It is, however, as necessary to have a banker in the country asa banker in the city. The cash that is paid the farmer for his produce comes from the country bank. The manufacturer of agricultural implements collects the money sales through the office of this same person. The wholesaler makes frequent use of him to collect his numerous bills by | purpose of procuring business that nat- urally belongs to his country neighbor. Fhis, however, is no reflection on the enterprise of the city banker. Each succeeding State Legislature, with great regularity, frames several bills in the interest of the large corpora- tions, and if the laws should pass, it would leave the entire field monopolized by these city banks. Members of the Legislature too often feel called upon, without request from any one, to ad- vocate some banking law that will grat- ify enough constituents to secure an- other term for the lawmaker. People forget that the statutory laws do not keep institutions from failing and that, as long as human nature lasts, the Legislature can not legislate hon- esty and sound judgment to any one. If the country banker fails, he loses all and that forever. If the city banker fails, the private property of the stock- holder is not harmed except to twice the sight drafts against the country mer- chant. The country bank is a small but suffi- cient clearing house for the community in which it is located and no village at- tains any great size or influence without the clearing house. In the banking army he is the ‘‘man behind the guns.’’ He is the person that assists to make city banking profitable. The statement of the city bank often has in it, ‘‘de- posits due to banks and bankers.’’ A large percentage of this item represents the reserve and surplus of the country towns under the control of the country banker. The drawbacks to him are many. The city banker is eternally reciting his par list, his large capital, his gigantic bank building, large deposits and ex- cellent corps of financiers, and is omni- present with special inducements and extra advantages for out-of-town cus- tomers. This representation. is for the amount of stuck held by him and his reputation ig never tarnished. The country banker is always anxious to advance, and if the Legislature will let him alone and the Tax Commission- er will treat him with fairness, he will grow. If at any time there should be a demand for a larger capital in the country, and reasonable dividends can be assured, the country banker is only too anxious to organize under our bank- ing laws. The National and State bank reports prove this statement. In fact, many of the private or country bankers of yesterday are the city bankers of to- day. David Harum possessed many quali- fications for an ideal banker. ‘The ideal subject should be broad minded, broad gauged, honest, liberal in his views, should have sound conservative judg- ment, should always be ready to stimu- late legitimate business, encourage and patronize home industries, discour- age over-speculation and always be in- terested in public affairs. It should not be said of him with any degree of truth when he dies as was expressed on the tombstone of a stingy old money loaner: Here lies old forty per cent. The more he got the more he lent. The above should be discounted at least 30 per cent. The country banker should keep well posted in business affairs of the outside world, and should, if in Michigan, be a constant reader of the Michigan Tradesman. Editor Stowe has saved many dollars for his readers by his timely advice, editorially and personally, and so far as the writer knows, his efforts are appreciated by the country banker. D. C. Oakes. ———_~>4>—___ Does Not Always Convey a Correct Idea. Percentage is more or less tricky. That is to say, the term‘‘ per cent.,’’ as applied to a certain quantity or pro- portion, does not always convey a cor- rect idea. If a man bought a box of cigarettes and sold one cigarette the first day for one cent and on the second day sold the other nine for nine cents, it would be perfectly true to say that his business had increased goo per cent. But if you told a friend that you knew a cigar dealer whose business had in- creased goo per cent. in one day, you would not convey the idea that he had done but ten cents’ worth of business in two days. It is far better to give the proportions of things as they are and not bother with per cents. If you said that the man sold one cigarette the first day and nine on the second day, you would con- vey no false idea and would state the case just as it stood. So if you speak of half of any given thing, a quarter, a third, and so on, the idea is conveyed much better than by 50 per cent., 25 per cent., 3344 per cent., and the like. Per- centage used in this sense does not amount to much and may be done away with in most cases with advantage, both as to terseness of speech and clearness of expression. >_> _____ Saving the Time. As the messenger boy walked slowly along the street, glancing up at the numbers on the houses, he was accosted by a gentleman who was sitting upon a picket fence. ‘“Telegram for John Banks, my lad?’’ called out the gentleman. ‘*Damfino,’’ said the boy, pulling out a dirty cigarette paper and a sack of to- bacco, “‘somepin’ like that.’’ ‘Well, I guess that telegram belongs to me,’’ said the gentleman, pulling the bedquilt closer around his shoulders, for the night was extremely cold. ‘‘I’ve been waiting on this fence for it for the last four hours. Bring it here, Fleet- wings.’’ ‘*Whatcha been waitin’ on the fence fer?’’ asked the boy. ‘‘Didn’tcha know I could a brung it to de door?’’ “Certainly, my lad,’’ answered the gentleman, ‘‘but that’s not the question. That telegram is very important and think of the time you would have con- sumed in walking from the gate to the front door. Why, boy, that two hours might have meant a million dollars’ loss to me.”’ ——_> >__ Aluminum Nails. From Hardware. After many unsuccessful experiments and trials an alloy of aluminum has been made with which nails, staples and tacks can be made to compete with copper, Among other advantages claimed for the new material is that it is not affected by the weather and will not deteriorate, as in laying roofs, lin- ing tanks, etc. As the alloy is non-cor- rosive and non-poisonous, the new nails ought to find favor among makers of re- frigerators and other articles used for food storage. When. the difference in point of number and weight is taken into consideration, it is seen that alumi- num nails are about four cents a pound cheaper than copper nails. It is not in- tended to put them in competition with ordinary steel nails. ay a a MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 71 Boston Breakfast Blended Big Brown Berry Olney & Judson Grocer Co. Grand Rapids, Michigan Our Specialty: Mail Orders G. H. GATES & CO, Wholesale Hats, Caps, Gloves and Mittens 143 Jefferson Ave., Detroit, Mich. 999999999999999999999999999900R, : : Ask Your Jobber|M. Wile & Co. F or Famous Makers of Clothing Buffalo, N. Y. Samples on Request Prepaid Ask to see Samples of Pan-American Guaranteed Clothing Makers Wile Bros. & Weill, Buffalo, N. Y. ee ce eee i 50. Quality guaranteed. Never fails to raise. BURROWS YEAST FACTORY, DETROIT, MICH. Morris Kent & Co. WHOLESALE DEALERS IN PQCOQOOQQOQOODES QOOQQOOOOOOQOQOQOOOS® Michigan Fire and Marine Insurance Co. Organized 1881. Detroit, Michigan. Cash Capital, $400,000. Net — $200,000. Cash Assets, £800,001 D. WHITNEY, JR., Pres. D. M. FERRY, Vice Pres. F. H. WuitTNey, Secretary. M. W. O’BriEn, Treas. E. J. Bootu, Asst. Sec’y. DIRECTORS. DD. weet, D. M. Ferry, F. J. Hecker, M. W. O’Brien, ‘Hoyt Post, Christian Mack, Allan ‘Sheldon, "Simon J. Murphy, Wm. L. Smith, A. H. Wilkinson, a Edgar, H. Kirke White, H. P. Baldwin, Hugo Scherer, F. A. Schulte, Wm. V. Brace, James McMillan, F. E. Driggs, Henry @ Hayden, Collins B. Hubbard, James D. Standish, Theodore D. at M. B. Mills, ; 2a Chapoton, Jr., Geo. H. Barbour, S. Gaskey, Chas. Stinchfield, Francis F. g Pakes Wm. C. Yawkey, David C. Whit- ney, , Dr. J. B. Book, Eugene Harbeck, Chas. $ F. Belticr, Richard P. Joy, Chas. C. "Jenks. cea KALAMAZOO, [ICH. |Grain, Produce, | Seeds and Hay. ELEVATORS AT Kalamazoo, Mich. Mattawan, Mich. Mendon, Mich. Manton, Mich. Scotts, Mich. Kendall, Mich. La Grange, Ind. ONOVOVOEYS @ ODO CARLOAD LOTS A SPECIALTY. Correspondence solicited. Long distance phone. ee Vinkemulder Company Jobbers of Fruits and Vegetables @OOOQOOES OO POOOOOOEF QOOQOOOO OOOO oe ie) ®) HOOQO©ODO® OO OKOKOKE HAP APASASAS (GAOKOKOKOXOKONS' CAOAONO NaN aa POOQOQOQDOOQOO/SS14) OOF Oe woowe . or object of this advertisement is to let you The Main Idea know we are in business, this kind of business, © and induce you to write to us—send us your orders, perhaps. We’!l take S @ chances on pleasing you so well that you will want to continue sending us @ © your orders We make right prices We ship good goods. Wewant you 6 ® toknow it. You can have our weekly market forecast and price list for 2 © i © the asking. @ © Be S Apples, Onions and Potatoes are Our Specialties. 2 © ® We can furnish from a bushel to a carload. ¢ ® oo eocooccncsocoon sennenes senecsocosesaooeoonneecee! Christmas Goods Now is the time to stock up on Xmas goods. We have the best assortment we ever carried in the following lines: Perfumes, Handkerchiefs, Fancy Cushions, Neckties, Rugs, Mufflers, Ribbons, Brushes, Lace Curtains, Suspenders, Jewelry, Sterling Silver Novelties, Bric-a-Brac. Come in and examine our line before placing your order. P. Steketee & Sons, wi27 S* be Lye SEIT Lees TR ee ae ~ bo MICHIGAN TRADESMAN PAPER MANUFACTURE. Marvelous Changes of the Past Thirty Years. I have been identified with the paper trade actively and continuously since the spring of 1870. At that time print paper was sold to dealers at a price ap- proximating 14 cents per pound. We used to have pigeon hcles where the different weights of paper were placed and the paper matched up so that bun- dies would always weigh as ordered. To-day printers would not take stock matched up in that way. At that time fourdrinier paper sold for 2 cents per pound more than cylin- der paper. Laid paper sold for 2 cents per pound more than wove. Tint paper sold for 34 t6 1 cent per pound more than white. Those were happy days for the papermaker! Our profit in those days was nearly our price of to-day. When we reached a point where we could make two tons of paper per day of twenty-four hours, on a machine,it seemed like prosperity. To-day there are machines that will make twenty-five tons of paper. We called too feet a minute fast run- ning. There are machines running 450 to 500 feet per minute, but on book papers 100 to 150 feet is good safe run- ning to-day. The price of paper continued to fall, beginning the spring of 1871, and in 1876, when the price got down to Io cents, the papermaker saw nothing but darkness ahead. It was this misfortune and disaster that brightened the intel- lect of the manufacturer, forcing him to widen his machine, to increase his speed and to cut off the corners. Rags that we paid 43 cents per pound for at that time we buy for less than one-third of that price to-day. Wood pulp that was 5% cents is less than 2 cents. Soda ash and bleach, of which we had to import every pound in those days, is made in this country to-day, and we buy at one-sixth to one-fourth of the price that we formerly paid, and we get better goods, for they are fresher. In those days we paid $2 a day for machine tenders. To-day we pay $3. The wages paid in paper mills are probably higher, on an average, than in other classes of trade, but we require good men, sober men, men with me- chanical turn of mind, good heads, willing hands. In 1870 we used a good deal of straw pulp in paper. To-day straw pulp is worth more than paper and so can only be used in higher grades. As rags became scarce several other fibres came in, ground wood, soda wood, then sulphite. The use of paper stock has greatly increased, and the method of handling stocks and the larger percentage of yield of each have been a medium of decreasing the cost of paper; in fact, as necessity is the mother of invention, so does com peti- tion force people to study economics. In 1870 the pulp manufacturer thought he could make pulp only out of poplar wood. Afterward he discovered a way to use spruce wood, and to-day even hard woods are used in the manufacture of pulp. Every means for recovering liquors and stock has been studied, and the methed of making paper by combina- tion of stocks and the business from one end of the mill to the other have changed year by year,so that the paper- maker of thirty odd years ago would be a bankrupt to-day if he pursued the same methods now that he then. This perhaps accounts for the small number of successful paper mills in the country and the success of the few. Owing to the large investment it takes to build and run a modern mill, and the great expense in shutting down and Starting up machinery, it necessarily must be active twenty-four hours per day. Paper that would have been very ac- ceptable thirty years ago would be re- fused to-day. George E. Bardeen. 2. _____ Better Than Going to Law About It. pursued | If a man wrongs me willfully, and does not come back to right the wrong I drop his face from the hayloft of my memory and recognize him no longer as aman. He is no more to me after this than any other dumb animal. I have compassion for him, the same as I have for a strange dog or a mule, MICHIGAN WATER POWER. ‘Slow Development of a Great Source of Wealth. A peculiarity of the transition from the lumber period in Michigan, during which little thought or care was given to the question of fuel, to the later con- dition of dependence on coal with its costly transportation, was its sudden- ness. In the pine age, as it may be termed, when it began to decline there was little realization, even among those who thought themselves well informed on the subject, that the end of the soft wood industry would come so quickly that it would give practically no time for preparation to meet the new situa- tion. About coincident with the ex- haustion of supplies for the great pine centers came the realization of the value of the hardwoods that were left, and so these were saved from wasteful con- sumption as fuel for manufacturing, coal taking the place. The consequence but I no longer look into his eyes to find true friendship or honest intelligence. I forgive him, but I never forget the wrong. I do not willingly allow him to pile up any new wrongs against me. It is too hard to absolutely and _thor- oughly forgive one wrong, and I am not going to work my moral conscience to death for any one man. When I forgive a man and the injury heals over and the hair of forgetfulness is beginning to grow over the place, I don’t want that man to come back and knock off the scab and make the place bleed again, so I keep away from him, the same as the stung pup avoids the hornet’s nest or as the unsuccessful fisherman avoids the main streets when he sneaks home with his water-soaked trousers sagging down over his unhal- lowed heels.—American Merchant. et ae How little a man knows of his coun- trymen—unless he lives in a country village. : : was a great stimulation of the trans- portation interests and the furthest possible develcpment of steam power plants for all purposes. Manufactur- ing, transportation, municipal opera- tions—with few exceptions all are de- pending on the costly fuel. The manufactures of Michigan are new. Their development is far from its climax. This fact, with the general conditions of prosperity which have ruled in recent years, has prevented as careful a consideration of economic methods as more strenuous conditions would, and will, require. Coal gener- ated power is in the line of the most common experience and so has been permitted a relative growth far beyond its economic warrant. To be sure, great attention is being paid to the securing of the highest possible efficiency from the fuel, but there seems to be little consideration of the question whether the power could not be obtained by other means. In view of the development of hy- draulic power in other parts of the coun- try, the recent installment of a great power plant for the Grand Rapids street railway is an economic curiosity. Ig- noring the fact that within easy elec- trical distance from the-city there is an abundance of water power going to waste, one of the most complete fuel plants in the country—designed to antic- ipate growing needs for many years to come, embodying the best in steam engineering that money and experience could command—has been designed and put into operation. Doubtless the man- agers know what they are about, but to the observer of hydraulic engineering in other localities such an undertaking seems more than questionable. Considering the costliness of far-trans- ported coal and the availability of water power, the slow development of the latter in this State presents an anomaly. In addition to the vast works at Niagara which have revolutionized the manu- factures of Buffalo and made Niagara a center for such industries as demand great power, and those at the Sault and other of what may be termed the great water powers, there are a nuuiber of smaller installations going into opera- tion all over the country. Suburban railways, when in reach of such powers, are looking to them instead of steam. Railways having tunnel and other pe- culiar service, when fuel is unsuitable, are turning their attention to water, and are finding it of such economic value that the use is being extended greatly. Towns striving to build up their local industries are looking about them to see if the cheaper power may be rade an attraction for manufacturers, Industrial enterprises are learning to select loca- tions where this source of power is available. And so everywhere through- out the country the streams are being harnessed and made to serve local in- terests, to the detriment of such places as must depend on the costlier methods. Michigan is far behind in this move- ment. A few of the lesser streams are beginning to be systematically utilized in localities where manufacturing com- petition is sharpest. So far these are of the least importance as sources of power as compared with the more rapidly de- scending, lake fed rivers of the north- ern watershed of the Lower Peninsula. The explanation of.our slowness may be owing to various causes. One, the fact that growing, booming industries are apt to overlook the need of economy, has already been hinted at. Then the development of modern hydraulic en- gineering is still new and it is natural that it should at first be confined to the older localities. Then again there has been such a rush in the work else- where that it has been difficult to com- mand the necessary engineering ability or the work required to push the under- takings. But it is rapidly coming toa point where further delay will be serious. Already enquirers for locations for industries are asking what can be offered for power. With Grand River not half utilized, and the Muskegon, with its far greater power, passing our door untouched, it will be necessary to give the subiect early attention to save the manufactur- ing prestige our newer Michigan towns have gained. W. N. Fuller. ——_>2.___ If you look at the records you will dis- cover that most men who die young are hustlers. spine ee Bs. RA aS le Da ig es “f MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 73 Commercial Travelers Michigan Knights of the Grip President, GEo. F. OWEN, Grand Rapids: Sec- retary, A. W. Stitt, Jackson: s JOHN W. ScHRAM, Detroit.) STe™ United Commercial Travelers of Michigan Grand Counselor, H. E. BARTLETT,: Flint; Grand Secretary, A. KENDALL, Hillsdale; Grand Treasurer, C. M. EDELMAN, Saginaw. ee — eh Seat No. 131, U. ¢. T. mior Counselor, - COMPTON; . Treasurer, L. F. Baker. oe Hichigs Commercial Travelers’ Mutual Accident Association President, J. BoyD PANTLIND, Grand Rapids; Secretary and Treasurer, GEO. F. OWEN, Grand Rapids. Gripsack Brigade. Wm. Finley has taken the position of day clerk at the Hastings House, Hast- ings. It is claimed that every Saginaw member of the Michigan Knights of the Grip will vote for John A. Weston for President at the Lansing convention. If the Lansing boys retaliate by solidly supporting Mark Brown for Secretary, it would look as though both candidates had a ‘‘cinch.’’ W. B. Dudley, specialty salesman for the Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., will be married Dec. 10 to Miss Leila G. Smith, who resides with her parents at 248 Livingston street. The ceremony will be conducted by Rev. J. Herman Randall at the future home of the bride and groom at 115 Trowbridge street. Three Rivers Herald: J. W. Ellett, the tailor, has closed up his business here, and will go on the road for the clothing manufactory of Stauber & Co., of Chicago and New York. He will make Three Rivers his home and work Michigan exclusively, in which he has full charge. He goes on duty Nov. 11. At a well attended meeting of Post A (Lansing), last Saturday night, the fol- lowing officers were elected: Presi- dent, C. W. Gilkey; Vice-President, W. H. Price; Secretary, E. R. Havens; Treasurer, W. H. Sullivan. The con- tract for the annual banquet was awarded to the Ladies’ Society of First Presby- terian church. In conversation to-day Mr S. M. Lemon, President of the Lemon & Wheeler Company, said: ‘‘It has come to my knowledge that there is consider- able trade gossip as to whether John M. Shields, who resides at Petoskey and represents this company in that section of Northern Michigan,is to remain with us or embark in business for himself at Petoskey on or about January I next; and it is deemed due to all parties con- "cerned to say that Mr. Shields has no thought of making any change. During the many years of his connection with this company his zealous and well- directed efforts have been rewarded with much success; our relations are ex- ceedingly harmonious; we regard him as an all-but indispensable employe, and we trust he regards this house as his permanent business home.”’ A well-known member of the Michi- gan Knights of the Grip writes the Tradesman as follows: 1 recently met one of the most influential members of Lansing Post,who informed me that the Lansing boys would have no candidate to present to the convention of the Michigan Knights of the Grip on the occasion of the annual meeting. He said: ‘‘We invited the convention to Lansing to entertain the boys,as well as to advertise the city of Lansing—not for the purpose of springing a candidate upon them, We desire the members to fully understand that there will be no politics connected with the entertain- ment, so far as Lansing is concerned.’* While it has always been customary for the entertaining post to present a can- didate, the action taken by Lansing is certainly commendable, and | am of the Opinion that the action taken by the members of Post A will make them hosts of friends and, while they may not pre- sent any candidate, the organization will be at liberty to honor them by nam- ing one of their members for the office of President. If this compliment comes from the convention, it would be a nice thing for Lansing and a suitable recog- nition for doing the right thing. This action would cover up the ill feeling existing between a few of the Lansing boys and give honor where honor is due. Stanton Herald: Jas. Glenn, travel- ing salesman for Schloss Bros., whole- sale clothiers, S. G. Lewis, of the Fletcher Hardware Co., and Charles Tuttle, of the firm of Tuttle Bros., wholesale harness dealers, all of Detroit, enjoyed four days’ shooting in this vicinity last week. Mr. Glenn is well acquainted here, having visited the place many times before, and the other gentlemen of the party quickly formed the acquaintance and friendship ofa number of our sportsmen. On their ar- tival they were entertained at a game dinner given by C. W. French, and the boys in Stanton endeavored in every way to make their stay here a pleasant one. On Friday evening the Detroit gentlemen gave a smoker in their rooms in the Central Hotel and presided at an excellent lunch, which was served in the dining room at 10:30 in Landlord Stev- enson’s best style. Messrs. Glenn, Lewis and Tuttle are gentlemen in every sense of the word, keen sportsmen and good entertainers, being up to everything, from shooting doubles to paying a bone solo. Although the weather was exceedingly hot and dry and decidedly unfavorable for shoot- ing, they bagged about 175 quail, wood- cock and partridge. They expressed themselves as well pleased with their outing, and the Stanton **push’’ all say **come again.’’ —___ Two Additions to the Membership Roll. Grand Rapids, Nov. 5—At the regu- lar meeting of Grand Rapids Council, No. 131, held last Saturday evening, there was a very large attendance, vis- itors being present from Ohio and lowa. Two weary pilgrims were in waiting at the outer door and were safe- ly conducted over the mountain passes and across the swolien streams to the calm and placid waters of the U. C. T. Boys, come to the meetings. There is never a meeting without some initiation and you ought to see the new work. The committee having the party in charge Saturday evening, Oct. 26, was continued for November and a dance and card party will be given at the hall, corner of Lyon and Campau streets, Saturday evening, Nov. 16. This party will be ‘‘free of all cost or ex- pense’’ to the members and their friends. Between fifty and seventy-five couples attended the first dancing party of the season given by Grand Rapids Council, No, 131, at Innis Ritles’ hall. The com- mittee in charge—C. P. Reynolds, S. H. Simmons and W. B. Holden—had the hall beautifully decorated with flags and bunting and booths arranged where, during the evening,ices and cakes were served by the ladies. The music, fur- nished by Newell's orchestra, was ex- cellent—so good that poor dancers were made good dancers and good dancers were made better dancers. Everyone enjoyed themselves and many were the expressions that such parties be made the special feature each month during the winter season. JaDee. —____— >_< The man who attends strictly to his own business has a good steady job, SUCCESSFUL SALESMEN. John P. McGaughey, Michigan Manager Pillsbury Flour. John P. McGaughey was born at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, Jan. 12, 1850, his ante- cedents on both sides being descended from people who emigrated to this country from the northern and western part of Ireland. He was educated in the common schools of that place, go- ing as far as the high school, which he left in 1870 to take up the occupation of fireman on the Pennsylvania system. He afterwards turned his attention to the occupation of brakeman on the Bal- timore & Ohio, on which system he was given a train, and subsequently placed in charge of a yard. Later on he was in charge of the night yards of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad, at Memphis, Tenn. In 1879 he went to Minneapolis to take the position of fore- man of the yards of the Minneapolis Eastern, which was then conducted and operated by the Pillsburys. He contin- ued with this road for ten years, win- ning the esteem of his employers and the confidence of his associates. Possessing a genius for organization, he naturally drifted into the Knights of Labor movement and instituted lodges of yard men, switchmen, brakemen, stone masons, etc. On account of his ability as an organizer and orator, he naturally became very prominent in the movement and at one time was a mem- ber of the Executive Board of the Grand Lodge and an intimate friend and valued adviser of General Master Workman Powderly, who is now Com- missioner of Immigration. Labor unions and politics naturally go hand in hand—in fact, unionism is usu- ally treated as a stepping stone to polit- ical preferment by ambitious men—and the general rule applied in this case. Mr. McGaughey became a candidate for and received the appointment of Deputy Commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. His first appointment was from Governor McGill, through whose term of office he served. He was re-appointed by Governor Merriam and served through his first administration. At the beginning of his second admin- istration he was appointed Commis- sioner, but surprised his friends by re- signing at, the end of three months to accept a position tendered him by the Pillsburys to take charge of the city trade of Minneapolis and St. Paul. He remained in this position until 1896, when he was tendered the management of the company’s business in this State, which he accepted, locating in Grand Rapids, All of the Lower Peninsular business is handled from this office, the Upper Peninsular business being handied from Minneapolis, although it is man- aged and supervised by him. In 1888 Mr. McGaughey was nomi- nated for Lieutenant Governor of Min- nesota, on the Farmers’ Alliance ticket, the late Ignatius Donnally being at the head of the ticket. The ticket was not elected, but Messrs. Donnally and McGaughey visited every city and nearly every hamlet in the State during the campaign, inspiring a degree of enthusiasm among their adherents and supporters which is still regarded as one of the most marvelous political achievements in the history of Minne- sota. Mr. McGaughey is a member of B. P. O. E. No. 44, U. T. C. No..6¢ ane A. O. U. W. No. 16—all of Minne- apolis. On the organization of the Minneapo- lis Retail Grocers’ Association, in 1890, Mr. McGaughey gave it the weight of his influence and soon came to be re- garded as one of the staunch friends of © the organization. An evidence of this esteem is found in the fact that he was elected a delegate to the first convention of the National Retail Grocers’ Associ- ation, which was held in Music Hall, World’s Fair grounds, Chicago, in 1893. The thrilling address he deliv- ered on that occasion and the eloquent remarks he made at the banquet that evening at the Masonic Temple added to his fame as an orator and gave him a National reputation among the retail grocers who attended the meeting. At the meeting of the Executive Committee of the Assdciation, held in New York in 1894, he was on the list of speakers and still further distinguished himself. He was invited to attend the conven- tions at Cleveland and Detroit, but was unable to do so, but he expects to at- tend the Milwaukee convention in Jan- uary, and it goes without saying that he will receive a warm welcome and a hearty ovation. Mr. McGaughey attributes. his success to hard work, but those who know him best and are familiar with his accom- plishments insist that quite as much is due to his unique personality and the originality of his methods as to his per- sistent and patient application. —__—~>_ 4 Prosperity From Disaster. Dwight Matthews, of Almont town- ship, Lapeer county, has had his _pros- perity wonderfully increased by the Hes- sian fly. Last spring the fly attacked and destroyed his entire wheat crop. He replowed one field and resowed it to beans, which yielded a crop worth twice as much asa good crop of wheat. In the other field of about fifteen acres he planted potatoes and raised about 3,000 bushels, worth about $1,500, or fully six times what a heavy crop of wheat would have brought. A Conscientious Scholar. Among the questions sent out by a school examiner was the following ex- ample in arithmetic: ‘‘If one horse can run a mile in I minute 50 seconds, and another a mile in 2 minutes, how far would the first horse be ahead ina match race of two miles?’’ A scholar returned the question with this attached: ‘‘] will have nothing to do with horse racing.’’ The Warwick Strictly first class. ; Rates $2 per day. Central location. Trade of visiting merchants and travel- ing men solicited. - & B. GARDNER, Manager. 714 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Drugs--Chemicals Michigan State Board of Pharmacy Term expires L. E. REYNOLDS, St. Joseph - Dec. 31, 1901 HENRY HeErM, Saginaw - Dee. 31, 1902 WIRT P. Dory, Detroit- - - Dec. 31, 1903 A. C. SOHUMACHER, Ann Arbor - Dec. 31, 1904 JOHN D.:-MuIR, Graal Rapids Dee. 31, 1905 President, A. C. SCHUMACHER, Ann Arbor. Secre i Y Herm Ww. ae. W. P. Dory, Detroit. Examination Sessions. Mich. State Pharmaceutical Association. President—JOHN D. MutR, Grand Rapids. Secretary—J. W. SEELEY, Detroit. Treasurer—D. A. HAGENS, Monroe. Avoiding Losses in the Drug Stock. The care of volatile or essential oils is one of the things that needs consid- erable attention. There is such a chance here for chemical change. This is particularly true of orange and lemon; in fact, I know of no other oils that give more trouble than these two. But that can be largely overcome by never using stock shelf bottles to keep them in; really, I do not approve of the use of stock shelf bottles for any oils. They never look especially nice and need to be cleaned every day or two, for the dust adheres to the outside of an oil bottle and will not brush off as read- ily as from the other bottles. For an ordinary retail trade it is best to buy oil of orange in sealed packages of one ounce each, and iemon in one- pound packages. The lemon you can get in original packages of that size, and packages opened after standing more than a year seem just as fresh and sweet as any. Oils should be kept from the light. I would advise keeping them in their original packages and dispens- ing from these whenever possible. Keep them in an oil closet or other dark place. I might say almost the same thing of cod liver oil. If you buy this in barrels containing thirty gallons, in all prob- ability before it is half sold it will be far from being prime, while you might buy thirty gallons in five-gallon tins, if ' there was any object in getting that quantity, and the last can opened would be about as palatable as the first, if cod liver oil is ever palatable. Of course there are exceptions where great quan- tities of this oil are used, and when a barrel would last but a few months anyway. Olive oil, which is used so much as a salad oil, I would advise buying in one gallon packages. You can then feel that you are giving your trade the best that can be given by any one. For where you find one person that comes back with a complaint, when you sell some- thing that is not right, I think you will find ten that will go elsewhere next time. A little care in handling liquors might Save some loss. Whisky and brandy are, after being distilled, stored in charred barrels or casks and should re- main in a wood or glass container until dispensed. One is apt thoughtlessly to transfer the last few gallons of a barrel to a tin container, filtering out the char- ‘coal; after remaining in contact with the tin for even only a few hours, the liquor will in this way become very dark and utterly worthless so far as_be- ing salable, due to the tannin from the wood, Alcohol is stored in barrels the in- side of which has an insoluble coating, and this makes alcohol an exception when in contact with tin. Imperfect corking of chloroform, ether, collodion and other volatile sub- stances usually means considerable loss. Always be careful to select a sound cork for use with this class of prepara- tions. Caustic soda, caustic: potash, acetate of potash, chloride of zinc, salts of the hypophosphites, ‘also all need the Same care. With the former we wish to keep what is inside from getting out, and with the latter to keep what is out- side from getting in. Powders and other dry drugs you will find very little loss with if they are kept well protected from dust and dirt. This refers, of course, to extra stock that is likely to be kept in barrels and boxes the covers of which become de- stroyed or lost; and right here let me say that, instead of breaking in the top of a barrel of, say, salts, or destroying the cover to a box of some powdered drug, take just a little more time for the process, and when you have taken out what is wanted leave the container so that the dust will not get in. The only other suggestion I wishto make is, know the condition of your stock. Per- sonally be as familiar with the basement or storeroom as you are with the store proper, Do not depend too much on others to care for your stock. The loss of water by crystallization in some of the salts is quite considerable. Some of the more common articles, such as sal soda, copperas, borax, Epsom salt, glauber salt, become almost unsal- able if kept in too dry a place. Extra stock should be kept in a basement. The loss in weight in quinine, cinchon- idine and similar salts is considerable ; and, instead of keeping extra stock on high shelves, or perhaps on top of the wall cases, where the temperature is high, it is best to keep it nearer the floor. The loss on roots and herbs, which are now handled almost entirely in pressed packages, will be but trifling if they are kept in tin herb cans, in an ordinary dry place. These cans come labeled usually on both front and end and prove quite a time-saver in dispensing. Now and then you will find a package of roots or herbs that has become wormy; in such a case there is nothing to do but to throw away the contents of a single herb can, while if the herbs are kept as I have seen them—that is, several kinds in a single drawer—you would probably have to throw away the whole lot. Pur- chase both herbs and roots in ounce packages ; the cost is but a trifle more, it saves weighing, the labeling is al- ready done, and each package is nice and presentable when placed in the hands of the consumer. John D, Muir. ae The “Habitat” of Oil of Lavender. Oil of lavender is distilled in the hills of Dauphine and Provence, and on the Italian frontier. Roure-Bertrand fils of Grasse, France, report they have no- ticed that, as a general rule, the laven- der grown on the highest peaks contains the greatest proportion of ester. The lavender which comes from the highest mountains of the Italian frontier, which they say judges rightly consider to be the finest and to give the highest yield, contains a proportion of ester which rarely exceeds 25 per cent. Spike is gathered in the same districts, but at a lower altitude (500 to 600 meters), ———>-2. ___ Walked Into Her Trap. She—They used to say marriage was a lottery, but Uncle Sam doesn’t seem to look at it that way. He—Why? She_He. doesn’t bar it from the mails. Then there was absolutely nothing left for him but to propose. The Odor of the Onion. It is interesting to make enquiry. into the cause of this unfortunate quality of the onion. It is simply due to the pres- ence of some quantity of another min- eral matter in the bulbs—sulphur. It is this sulphur that gives the onion its ‘germ-killing property and makes the bulb so very useful as a_ medicinal] agent at all times, but especially in the spring, which used to be—and still is in many places—the season for taking the brimstone and treacle in old fash- ioned houses, before sulphur tablets came into vogue. Now sulphur, when united to hydrogen, one of the gases of water, forms sulphurated hydrogen, and then becomes a foul smelling, well nigh fetid compound. The onion, being so juicy, has a very large percentage of water in its tissues, and this, combin- ing with the sulphur, forms the strongly scented and offensive substance called sulphuret of allyle, which is found in all the alliums. This sulphuret of allyle mingles more especially with the volatile or aromatic oil of the onion. It is identical with the malodorant principle fouud in asafoet- ida, which is almost the symbol of all smells that are nasty. The horseradish, so much liked with roast beef for its keen and biting prop- erty, and the ordinary mustard of our tables both owe their strongly stimula- tive properties to this same sulphuret of allyle, which gives them heat and acrid- ity, but not an offensive smell, owing to the different arrangements of the atoms of their volatile oils. This brings us to a most curious fact in nature, that most strangely, yet most certainly, constructs all vegetable vola- tile oils in exactly the same way—com- poses them all, whether they are the aromatic essences of cloves, oranges, lemons, cinnamon, etc., of exactly the same proportions, which are 88% of car- bon to 113 of hydrogen, and obtains all the vast seeming diversities that our nosrtils detect in their scent simply by a diffent arrangement of the atoms in each vegetable oil. —___.2>___ “Boiled” Linseed Oil. There are three methods employed in producing ‘‘boiled’’ oil. The first con- sists in boiling the oil at a temperature varying from 450 to 500 degrees Fahren- heit with red_ lead and litharge in the proper proportions. The second method consists in sim- ply mixing raw linseed oil at a moder- ate temperature with more or less_pro- portion of a concentrated solution of lead and manganese-linoleate. The third process consists in incorpo- rating the oxidizing agent or the metal- lic oxides in the oil, under the action of steam heat. The first method produces the kettle boiled oil. The second method produces what is known as ‘‘bung-hole’’ oil. The third method produces what is known in the trade as ‘‘steam-boiled’’ linseed oil. When the oil is extracted from the seed, whether by pressure or the volatile solvent process, it is not only the ‘pure linolein that is squeezed out or is sepa- rated from the seed, but also the sub- stance that is called the mucilage and various other substances, and these all exist in fresh-made linseed oil. In the kettle-boiled oil where the tem- perature, as mentioned in first para- graph, is from 450 to 500 degrees Fah- renheit, the mucilaginous and other un- desirable matter rises to the top of the oil and is skimmed off. In the ‘‘bung-hole’’ process al! of the mucilaginous matter and the undesirable substances are retained in the oil, to the detriment of its quality as a paint oil. The third process mentioned,. which produces steam-boiled oil, is a ‘quicker and more economical way of turning out an oil purified by heat, but as the heat is seldom or never over 300 to 325, very much of the undesirable impurities are left in the oil and the steam-boiled oil is, therefore, inferior to the kettle- boiled oil, and is sold ata less price than the genuine kettle-boiled oil. ——__>_2.___ Novel Method of Advertising Spices. A Fifteenth street, Philadelphia, drug- gist noted for his originality of adver- tising, has hit upon a scheme worthy of being widely copied. He has had printed on heavy cardboard a table showing the length of time required for cooking the principal articles of food, tables of domestic measurement, rules for testing the oven, baking, etc., anda list of the various cuts of meat with their usual weight and best way of cook- ing—in fact,a complete encyclopedia of domestic information; and between these tables he has a list of the various spices and conditions he keeps with quotations of prices in small amounts and quantity. The advertisement is fin- ished up with brief notes of the times of mail collection in his neighborhood, ad- dresses of doctors, telephone numbers, street car service, and a list of the con- veniences at the disposal of the public in his store. The card is one that nine out of ten housewives will hang up in their kitchens and refer to daily,and the store of the clever originator will thus be brought before them all the time. ——_>_ 2. —_____ The Drug Market. Opium—Is dull and unchanged. Morphine—Is steady. Quinine—Is firm and there will be no change in price until after the bark sale at Amsterdam November 7. Citric Acid—Is weak and has de- clined Ic. Balm Gilead Buds—Are in small sup- ply and have advanced. Codeine—On account of a fight be- tween American and foreign manufac- turers, it is unsettled and has declined 6oc per oz. Oil Cubebs—Has declined, in sym- pathy with the berries. 5 Oil Wintergreen—Is scarce and has advanced. Oil Peppermint—Continues firm and is tending higher. Gum Camphor—Has per Ib. Lobelia Seed—Stocks are practically exhausted and what little there is on hand is quoted at $1.50 per Ib. Linseed Oil—Is steady at unchanged price, declined ic ——_> 2.____ The man who claims to have no mem- ory may be cured by lending small sums to his friends. Don’t Buy 1 Your E Wall Papers | Until you see our showing of 1902 designs and learn the very low prices we are quoting. Noone shows a better assortment or can quote lower prices. If our salesman does not call in time for you, drop us aline and we will make a special trip. Correspondence solicited. Heystek & Canfield Co. Grand Rapids, Mich, Michigan Wall Paper Jobbers Ee ies RRs me MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 79 Advanced—P. Lobelia Seed. Declined—Citrie Acid, Oil Cubebs, Gum Camphor. WHOLESALE DRUG PRICE CURRENT Acidum Conium _.. Se 50@ 60 Aceticum ........... $ 6@$ 8| Copaiba. -- 1 15@ 1 25 Benzoicum,German. 70@ 75|Cubebe............. 1 35@ 1 40 Boracic.............- @ 17 — ee stone 1 00@ 1 10 Carbolicum .......... 30@ 42| Erigeron. 1 09@ 1 10 Citricum............. 45@ 48 Gaultheria ...0 121.7) 2 00@ 2 10 Hydrochlor......... 3@ 5 | Geranium, ounce.. @ 175 Nitrocum : 8@ 10 gossippil, ‘Sem. gale. B0@ «60 Oxalicum 12@ 14| Hedeom . 1 60@ 1 75 Phosphoriam, dil.. @ 11 Junipera .. -eee+e 1 50@ 2 00 Salicylicum ......... =. 55 | Lavendula .......... 90@ 200 asa: rg pieecues 5 | Limonis . ..-. 1 20@ 1 30 Tannicum . a ‘oe 1 290 | Mentha Piper...) -- 210@ 2 20 Tartaricum . 38@ 40| Mentha Verid....... 1 50@ 1 60 dial conga eg 10 1 20 N ee 4 4 BO Aqua, 16 deg......... ‘a 6) Otve 75@ 3 00 Aqua, 20 a. Bee ee 6@ 8| Picis Liquida........ 10@ 12 Carbonas .. seoee 13@ 15] Picis on =. @ 35 Chioridum........... 12@ = 14| Ricina.. .. +. 1 00@ 1 06 Aniline Rosmarini. cee @ 100 BIRO 6 os enc ence 2 00@ 2 == Rosa, ounee..... o 6 = 6 eid > 9g eae i Sabina «20. c0. ec. » 0g 1 0 Yellow ssreeee 2 BO@ 3 00) Sassafras. . 55@ 60 Baccee eas es ess., ‘ounce. @ 65 Cubebe......-.P0,25 22@ 24 1 50@ 1 60 Juniperus............ 6@ 8 Thyme Bese ee ceca ee 40@ 50 Xanthoxylum .. 1 70@ 1 75 a One @ 1 60 Balsamum i es 50 55 ' a Pe $ 1 85 gos Se 1b@ 18 bin, Canada.... 60@ 65 chromate ......... 13 15 Tolutan eee 45@ 50 — eee ee ccs oe = = Cortex Chiorate...po.17@19 16@ 18 Abies, Canadian..... 18 | Cyanide. 2.000... 38 Cusawe............--. E? | Todiae. ~ 2 30@ 2 40 Gaon Flava. .... 18 | Potassa, Bitart, pure 28@ 30 Euonymus atropurp. 30 | Potassa, Bitart, com. @ 15 Myrica Cerifera, po. 20 | Potass Nitras, opt... 7@ 10 Prunus Virgini coe 12 | Potass Nitras.. 6@ SB Quillaia, gr’d........ 12 | Prussiate.. esoue, 2a 26 Sassafras ...... po. 20 15 | Sulphate po......... 16@ 18 Ulmus...po. 15, gr’d 15 Radix Extractum Aconitum............ 20@ 25 Glycyrrhiza — 24@ = 25| Althze 30@ 33 Glycyrrhiza, po..... 28 30 | Anchusa 10@ 12 Hematox, 15 . box H@ 12| Arum po......:....: @ 2% Hzematox, 1S........ 13@ 14) Calamus...........:. 2D © Hzematox, 4S.....-- 14@ 15/Gentiana...... po.15 12@ 15 Hzematox, %4S........ 16@ 17) Glychrrhiza...pv.15 16@ 18 ‘Berra Hydrastis Canaden. @ 7 : Hydrastis Can., po.. @ 80 Sarbonate Precip... : 15 Hellebore, Alba, po. 12@ 15 Citrate and Quinia.. 2 25 | Thula, po. as 18@ 2 Citrate Soluble...... 75 Ipecac Ferrocyanidum Sol.. 46 | Tris =f ‘po. 35@38 35@ 40 Solut. Chloride. ..... 15) Jalapa, pr.........-- 25@ 30 Sulphate, com’l..... 2| Maranta, \s........ @ 35 —— aaa 7 Fodophyllum, po... 22@ 25 1, per cwt. ee 00 Sulphate, pure. seeeee {nei ent. 00 Flora 5 aon eV Ss Ll. Se 18) Splceha..-- ee Se 22@ 26 Sanguinaria Matricaria........... 30@ 36 | Serpentaria .. 50@ 55 i Senega 60@ 65 Folia Smilax, officinalis i. @ 40 Barosma. ...... +--+ 36@_ 38 Smilax, x... @ 2 Cassia Acutifol, Tin- Scille.. Bo. 3 10@ 12 velly 20@ 25) Symplocarpus, eit Gu Acutifol, ‘Alx. 2@ 30 a6 00.0... @ 2 —— ‘officinalis, 4s Valeriana,Eng. po. 30 @ 2 ee ee ES 12@ 20| Valeriana, German. 15@ 20 tga Orel............- 8@ 10| Zingibera........... 4@ 16 Gummi Amigo fe. 23@ 27 Acacia, 1st picked... @ 65 a Acacia, 2d picked.. @ 45) Anisum. - po. @ 15 Acacia, 3d picked.. @ 35 — (eisveibots). 13@ 15 — sifted sorts. @ 28) Bird, 1 4@ 666 Acacia, po. 45@ 65| Carul.......... PO. ‘15 10@ 1 Aloe, Barb. ‘po. 18@20 12@ = 14/ Cardamon.. 1 25@ 1 75 Aloe, Cape....po. 15. @ 12] Coriandrum... ae 8s@ 1 Aloe, Sovoitt. po. 40 @ 30} Cannabis Sativa. aoe. 4%@ 5 Ammoniac........--- 55@ 60) Cydonium. -ee 130100 Assafertida.. ee 40 23@ 4/0 enopodium . 16@ 16 Benzoinum .. ..- 50@ 55/ Dipterix Odorate.... 1 00@ 1 10 Catechbu, 1s..........- @ 13| Foniculum.......... @ 10 Catecbu, ps.- peso ceese @ 2 ene. po... a: 9 Catechu, 44S........- n case = “4 5 _ 6a Go| Lint, gra. .... bbl. 4 44@ 5 @ | tober ........ 5. 1 50@ 1 55 @ 1 00/ Pharlaris Canarian... 44@ 5 GQ Wi Hapa .........:-..5.. 4%@ 5 @ 30/Sinapis Alba.. 9@ 10 @ 75|Sinapis Nigra. . u@ 12 = 60 Spiritus Frumenti, 7 D. Co. 2 00@ 2 50 30G1.90 3 30@ 3 S| Frumenti, D.F.R.. 2 0@ 2 2% 40@ 45| Frumenti............ 1 25@ 1 50 60@ 90 Juniperis Co. O. T... 1 65@ 2 00 Juniperis Co........ 1 75@ 3 50 vCal 1B om Absinthium..oz. pkg 25 | Spt. Vini Galli....... 1 Eupatorium..oz. pkg 20 | Vini Oporto......... 1 25@ 2 00 Lobelia ...... oz. pkg : 25} Vint Alps... ........ 1 25@ 2 00 Majorum ....0z. pkg = Sponges Mentha 2 gpg a 25 | Florida sheeps’ wool oz. pkg 39 carriage. 2 50@ 2 75 Tanacetum V oz. pkg 22 eas sheeps’ wool 2 BO@ 2 75 Thymus, V...0z. pkg - Velvet aaa sheeps? Magnesia wool, carriage. .... @ 1 50 Calcined, Pat........ 55@ 60) Extra yellow sheeps’ Carbonate, Pat...... 18@ 20} wool, carriage tec @ 125 Carbonate, K.& M.. 18@ 20] Grass ‘sheeps’ _ ‘arbonate, Jennings 18@ 20| carriage.. @100 Oleum Hard, for slate use.. @ 7 Yellow Reef, for Absinthium . . 7 00@ 7 20] slate use........... @ 140 eee. Duie:: 38@ 65 aoe Amygdalxz, Amarz. 8 00@ 8 25 y ie 1 85@ 2 00 | Acacia 50 ‘caruisi Cortex...... 2 10@ 2 20 50 Bergamil ............ 2 60@ 2 75 50 Cajiputi ............. 80@ 85 60 Caryophylli... 75@ 80 50 Cedar . ac 60@ 8 50 Chenopadii Misi ceca @ 2 75 60 <<. 1 15@ 1 26 50 Oltronela s@ 40 50 Séllizs Go... ..... 2... Tolutan .. Prunus virg.. Tinctures Aconitum Napellis R —" N —_ - Aloe Aloes and Myrrh... jeer Ea ae Atrope Belladonna.. Auranti —— ecees Benzoin . es Benzoin Co.......... Barosma...... ...... Cantharides......... Capsioum .......... Cardamon........... Cardamon Co... Canter ek. 1 Catechui.. Saleen Cinchona ............ Cinchona — eo Columba . tase Cubebe.. seias e Cassia Acutifoi...... Cassia Acutifol Co.. — Seidieeigae setcisle Erg Feet Chioridum... Gentian . at Gentian Co... 22... Gulaca.. eee Guiaca ammon...... Hyoscyamus......... Todine .. soe lediae, colorless... Kino €80 SISSSIJESSISESRIFSSRISF SERSRERAE ESSE ee ceereee SSSSSSSS SSS Op Opii, comphorated.. Opii, deodorized..... 1 Guassia 7... Rhatany.. cence GE Sanguinaria.. Serpentaria .. vet Stromonium......... Wehueam ..-......-... Nalertan =... ....._.. Veratrum Veride... Zinger... to Miscellaneous Aither, Spts. Nit.? F Atther, Spts. Nit.4 F AsGMIOn ¢... .-. os. pm gro’d..po. 7 Annat a a ‘Antimonie Poiiss 7 T Antipyrin .. oo Antifebrin ... : Argenti Nitras, OZ... Avdenicum ........-. Balm Gilead a Bismuth 8S. N.. Caleium Chior., “ts. Calcium Chlor., YS. Caleium Chior.. 4s... Cantharides, Rus. 7 Capsici Fructus, a Capsici Fructus, po. Capsici Fructus B, po Caryophyllus. .po. 15 Carmine, No. 40 Cera Alba.......... Cera Flava.......... 58 KZaBewoVBg 24@ ates s So OSHEEOHEEEOSSOGO rs at Pome peek me CD fame ft "12 0tre SOON ON OD S388 ~ as Coeens 2.8... :. Cassia aay ees es Centraria. . oe Cetaceum.. : Chloroform ... Chioroform, squibbs Chloral Hyd Crst.... 1 Chondrus.. Cinchonidine, Pew Cinchonidine, Germ. Cocame (oo. oc. Corks, list, mia” Creosotum........... Crota ......... DDL. 75 Creta, Prep... .. .... Creta, veguia Saaecals Creta, — See cee Crocus . — £188 oleosedé 8 SRERRSSESRE Cudbear. os pe Suiph. . E oeee sews Dext Ether Sulj yh: Emery, al. numbers. ae po Q = & 98edeee s 88 gota \ po. “90 Mieke White. seca Galla ny Gambier . Gelatin, Cooper. . Le Gelatin, French..... Glassware, flint, box 7 Less than box Soboiboo a @ a Glue, brown 1@ 13 Glue, white 156@ 25 Glycerina....... 17%%@ 2 Grana Paradisi. @ 2 Humulus. 25@ «255 Hydrarg Chior’ Mite @ 1 00 Hydrarg Chlor Cor.. @ 29 Hydrarg Ox Rub’m @110 Hydrarg Ammoniati @ 1 20 oe = 60 85 iehthyobola, Am. 65@ 70 75@ 1 00 3 40@ 3 60 3 O@ 3 85 @ 50 P 65@ 70 65@ 75 Liquor A Arsen et Hy- ae. Iod.. @ 2 Liquor otassArsinit 10@ 12 Magnesia, Sulph.. a2 3 Magnesia, Sulph, bbi @ 1% Mannta, 9. F.....:-. 50@ 80 Menthol...) 5... Morphia, S., P.& W. 2 Morphia, S.,.N.Y. Q. 1 Morphia, Mal........ Moschus Canion.... Myristica, No. 1..... Nux Vomica...po. 15 Od Senta... os... “B.0.- Saaec, H. & P. Cc Pinte Ligq., quarts .. Picis Lig., pints. .... Pil Hydrarg. . -po. 80 Piper Nigra...po. 22 Piper Alba — 35 Piix ia. Sele Pim Acet..... .... Pulvis Ipecac et . a boxes FP. By. Co., = Pyrethrum, BV. Quassiz. Quinia, S. P. & W.. Quinia, S. German.. Cumaia N.Y... Rubia Tinctorum.... Saccharum Lactis pv ——- @ 5 56 | Seidlitz ——- boos <0@ 22) Linseed, pure raw... 5% 61 05@ 2 30} Sinapis.......... @ 18} Linseed, boiled...... 59 62 95@ 2 20 | Sina ull Ope... 5... @ 30/ Neatsfoot, winter str 54 60 1 “— 2 . Sn * sascepaai De @ Spirits Turpentine.. 41% 46 41 65@ 80 gnu Scoéeh, DevVo's @ 41 Paints BBL. LB. @ 10) Soda, Boras.......... @ 35@ 37 | Soda, Boras, po..... 9@ 11/| Red Venetian.. 1% 2 @8 Soda’et Potass Tart. 23@ 25 | Ochre, yellow Mars. 1% 2 @4 @ 1 00| Soda, Carb.......... 1%@ 2 Ochre, yellow Ber... 1% 2 @3 Soda, Bi-Carb 3@ 5 | Putty, commercial.. 24 24@3 @ 2 00 | Soda, Ash... .... 3%@ 4| Putty, strictly pure. 2% 2%@3 @ 1 00| Soda, Sulphas @ 2) Vermilion, Prime @ 85} Spts. Cologne........ @ 2 60 merican......... Ba @ 50| Spts. Ether Ca 50@ 55/| Vermilion, English.. 70@ 75 @ 18/|Spts. Myrcia Dom.. @ 2 00 Green, Pere. :..... 14@ 18 @ 30| Spts. Vini Rect. bbl. @ Green, Peninsular... 13@ 16 @_~ 7| Spts. Vini Rect. %bbl @ Lead, red... ...... 6%@ 7 10@ 12 — Vini Rect. 10gal @ Lead, white......... 6%@ 7 1 30@ 1 50| Spts. Vini Rect. 5 gal @ Whiting, white Span @ 9 S rychnia, a Ps | 1 - Whitin: g, glld ere .. @ % @ 75} Sulphur, Su =. c %@ White, Paris, Amer. @ 1 2 26@ 30/ Sulphur, Roll.. oe 34 Whiting, Paris, Eng. . 8S «10 Tamarinds Ce en ee ce @140 31@ 41|Terebenth Venice... 28@ 30 Universal Prepared. 1 10@ 1 20 41@ 4t| Theobrome.......... 65 im 41| Vania 9 = 00 Varnishes Bea | ZinelSulph......... 8 20@ 22 Oils No.1 Turp Coach... 1 10@ 1 20 50@ 4 75 Butea Veep. ...... 1 60@ 1 79 40@ 50 BBL. GAL. | Coach Body......... 2 75@ 3 00 12@ 14| Whale, winter....... 70 70 | No. 1 Turp Furn..... 1 00@ 1 10 10@ 12! Lard, extra......._.. 60 70 | Extra Turk Damar.. 1 55@ 1 60 @ 1%) tard Not... 45 50 | Jap.Dryer,No. 1Turp 70@ 7 Freezabl Hazeltine & Perkins | OeevewveWerwe Goods Now is the time to stock Mineral Waters, Liquid Foods, Malt Extracts, Butter Colors, Toilet Waters, Hair Preparations, Inks, Etc. Drug Co. Grand Rapids, Mich. FUNAAAANABARARAAARAAARAAARAAARAAARAABBAAARA AROS Slain ance PORE a 76 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GROCERY PRICE CURRENT These quotations are carefully corrected weekly, within six hours of mailing, and are intended to be correct at time of going to press. Prices, however, are lia- ble to change at any time, and country merckants will have their orders filled at market prices at date of purchase. ADVANCED Canned Lobster Brazil Nuts Pickles Brooms Hand Picked Beans Imported Currants DECLINED Index to Markets By Columns Col. A Akron Stoneware............ 15 Bieber. ce 8 Dee 8 ce . -o 1 ae ens. |= ss sn e. s. 1 B POWER... 22.0 2.02 200 CRO i se 3 Panne 3 Clothes Dees... case : oo ee — aoe... a ; a. 4 Coupon Books.........------- 4 eee eck 4 Giecis TREUE ............ 2... 5 D ee Pees. .........-...... & F Farinaceous Goods.......... 5 Fish and Oysters............. . Flavoring Extracts........... Fly 4 Bos as oe eee one é Wresh Meats .................: 6 We cc ct 14 G Grains and Flour ...........-. 6 H ee 6 Hides and Pelts.............- 13 I SE 6 J a 6 L Lamp Burners..........-..-.- 15 Lamp Chimneys..........--.- 15 ES ee ae ce se 15 Lantern Globes...........-... 15 eS 7 a ee 7 M Matches........ 7 Meat Extracts. 7 Molasses.....-.-- a Oe 7 N 14 oO = a Se cece ae ee 15 ee i 7 Oyster a. 7 P Paper Se ee ae 7 Paris Green Poe ne Wee 7| i ee ee 7 ee 7 Pameee z ee a, 8 Ss Oe ee 8 ee 8 ee sean ke nee te enn be 8 eee 8 en Pectin, Ueda gicauiens 9 Fie ce aoa asnan on bela 9 Shoe ‘Biacking Sp me 9 2 Wee : a uae co ies one ccs os Oe i ee ee cece enie 10 eee en. es 10 Ro ne ee 10 ES BE EERE Ge ieee 3 i 2 AXLE GREASE Stove doz. gross No rea uaa au aienem naa eB ER 75 ———- . ..BB 6 00 | NO. 2............-....0.--22- 1 10 Castor Oil.. ee eS 175 Diemeew.... co Bo 4 5 | BUTTER COLOR Frazer’s. -7 900, W., R. & Co.'s, 15¢ size.... 125 [XL Golden. tin boxes75 9 00 W., R. & Co.’s, 25¢e size.... 2 00 CAN — Electric Light, 8s.. 2 Electric —* 16s.. -12% Paraffine, 6s.. -.10% Paraffine. 12s.. okt Wicking -s.20 weer ~ Goops Apples 3 lb. Standards oe. 1 60 Gallons, standards.. 3 25 Blackberries inns tte boxes.. a a Standards .......... 2 80 c Paragon ........ --55 6 00 ee. nue 1 00@1 30 BAKING POWDER — ao 75@ = = — 85 Blueberries Standard . 85 Brook ‘Trout 2 ib. cans, Spiced ...... .... 90 Clams. Little Neck, 1 Ib..... 1 00 Little Neck. 2 Ib..... 150 Clam Bouillon - —_* % _ SA CSSTRR 1 aN 14 Ib. cans, 4 doz. case...... Tee et emcoslaresesy hy eoren a i Ib. cans, 2 doz. case...... 3 75 | Burnham g sania a ates 7 20 1lb. cans, 1d0z. case...... 3 75| pea Standards 5 Ib. cans, 4 doz. case...... 8 00| White........ aa Corn wJ AXO ee... 20 ee 8&5 1 Ib. cans, 4 doz. case...... 45 | Fancy : 95 i lb. cans, 4 doz. case...... 85 French Peas 1 Ib. cans, 2 doz. case...... 1 60 | Sur Extra Fine........-.-. 22 — a ee Sion Odor Cake... Sel eee ae Cot. 4 G02. casc............ 32 Gooseberries Sot.,4 Gon: caso.....-.......4 8 | Standard ...........- 90 1Ib., 2 doz. case.............4 0 Hominy Sih., 1G Onn... 9 00 | Standard............ 85 Royal Lobster fier 5, 1p.......--. : 215 sOngins. 651 neat. 1 op. ........--- 3 62 14 1b eans 1 35 Picnic gag lara 2 40 6 oz. cans. 1 90! Mustard, ilb....... 1 75 1g Ib. eans 2 50 a? aire. -.. 2... ; = % Ib. cans 3 75 | Soused,2 Ib... 2 80 1lb. cans. 4 80} Tomato, 1Ib........- 1 75 31b. eans 13 00| Tomato, 21b........ 2 80 es i < Mushrooms 5 Ib. cans. 21 50} Hotels.............-- ; 18@20 Boles... -.. 22@25 BATH BRICK caine — he ence 70 | Cov oa. 1 BS o Cove, 1 Ib Oval...... 95 ‘ BLUING i Pie Peaches Avetie, 402 Grails: por grone 4 60 [| ~™ -- ---*----------- Arctic, 8 oz. ovals. per gross6 00 | Yellow ....._-.--..- 1 65@1 85 Arctie 16 oz. round per gross9 00) oo waarg —- _— Mang 1 26 Peas a Eiger git 1 Karty Juno. _.......- 1 1 Early J a Sifted ivenanndes 1 Pr size, per = ee ee Sal Large size, perdoz.......... mon S aaa | Columbia River, talls i aS Columbia River, flats No. 1 Carpet. 2 65 | Red Alaska. ........ 1 No. 2 Carpet. 2 25| Pink Alaska 1 No. 3 Carpet 2 15 | Shrimps No. 4 Carpet . 7) Seemann... ...... Parlor Gem... 2 | Sardines Common Whisk. &5 | Domestic, 34s........ Fancy Whisk. 110 Domestic, Xs ....... Warehouse... 3 25 | Domestic, Mustard BRUSHES La California, 4s....... ab as a Solid Back, sin Soa 45 | Rrench, 3s.........- ae oe ee ee Pee ee 85 | eats... Shoe Mo, 8... Rue No. 7: _ S88 Sa 838 3 4 Tomatoes ee ae 1 15 AEE NRE al EE 1 20 wae... 1 25 eee. 3 00 CATSUP Columbia, pints.............2 00 Columbia, % Co a 1 25 CARBON OILS Barrels Meneme ...: oc. @10% Perfection............ - @9¥X Diamond White. ...... @ &% D. S. Gasoline......... 12% Deodorized Naphtha.. @10% Cylinder. .............- 29 34 ngs. ...-.........-.- 19 @22 Black, winter.......... 9 @10x% = Acme.. “ Bil» Amboy. Qll% Gon Cit @11% is ood oe pei @13 Emblem @i2% m.. @i2 Gold Meda! @ll Ideal ..... @i2 Jersey... @'2 Riverside. @i11% Brick... 14@15 Edam.. Leiden . @17 Limburger 13@14 et i. 50@75 19@20 CHEWING — American Flag Spruce.. 55 Beeman’s Pepsin.......-... 60 ier eee 55 — Gum Made....... 60 om Piei cc cos 55 Sen Sen Breath Perfume.. 1 00 Sugar Loaf.............-.- 55 Saeetee......-.. 3 55 — Bulk.. : a. Red. Lc ekieecessee Eagle. . Cs cee a cose aoe eae 4 Pramek’s ........--..-.--+-.. 6% Seeeeere 8... 6 CHOCOLATE Walter = & Co. ~ German Sweet.. Premium......... Breakfast Cocoa............- Runkel Bros. Vienna Sweet ......... .--. 21 Vee. .-..:...... |... 28 Pan 31 CLOTHES LINES Cotton, 40 ft. per >: aoa ot Cotton, 50 ft. per doz.. --1 20 Cotton, 60 ft. per doz.. ..1 40 Cotton, 70 ft. per doz.. --1 60 Cotton, 80 ft. per doz........ 1 80 Jute, 60 ft. per doz.......... 80 Jute, 72 ft. per doz......... 95 COCOA Capes co. 41 Colonial, 48 ........-----..- 35 elon), %6..........-.... BS EPI eee ee swab chante 42 MOO ccs 45 So Trouten, 368............. 12 Van Houten, \S....... ae Van Houten, igs... oe 38 Van Houten, 1s.. 70 eee. ......-. 30 Wilbur, %S....... 41 Wilbar, 448. .........- 42 COCOANUT Dunham’s “98 « a. Dunham's 448 and is oe 26% Bunham’s 4{S.......--..-. 27 Euan 5. ...--....-.- 28 ee 13 COCOA ee 20 Ib. bags.. ae Less quantity ~~ se 3 Poun packages . we 4 COFFEE Roasted Sey HIGH GRADE Special Combination........15 rench Breakfast...........17% Lenox, Mocha & Java....... 21 Old Gov't Java and Mocha..24 Private Estate, Java & Moe 26 Supreme, Java and Mocha .27 Dwinell-Wright Co.’s a White House, 60-1s........-.- White House, 30-2s. . a Excelsior M. & J.. 60-1s... ..21% Excelsior M. & J., 30-28......20%5 Royal Java..........-.-....- UM Royal Java & Mocha..... Aion Mee oe Freeman Mere. Co. ——. Maree Paes Diee 6 a Poe 18% Parker House J -s _. 25 Monogram J & M.......-.-.28 Mandehling . er 314% Mexican COO. oo ose ee cones ooo 16 PROF. 5 ooo is ss es # a= 17 Guatemala CONGO. oo 16 Java BION eo oe cs once 12% Pancy African -:.:.--....... 17 ee 25 Pe osc at 29 Mocha Arabian....... peace se 21 Package New York —— Aapuense 2... 2... a ae Jersey eee oes ..11% ce ke 1l McLaughlin’s XXXX McLaughlin’s XXXX sold to oe i Mail all orders direct to W. F. McLaughlin & Co., Chicago. Extract Valley City % gross......... 75 Felix % gross.. i --1 15 Hummel’s foil % gross. ae 85 Hummel’s tin % gross ...... 1 43 CONDENSED MILK 4 doz in case. COUPON BOOKS Gall se — .-..6 40 Crown.. . -.6 25 Daisy... ‘ ceseeeeeseeee eB 75 Champion .. Ci cececeescee Oe Morseman 2. 4 25 Chaiienee ........:..........4 B mes. Teeeet 2... 4 00 50 50 50 books, any denom... 1 100 books, any denom... 2 = books, any denom... 11 50 000 books, any denom... 20 00 "Above quotations are for either Tradesman, Superior, Economic = Universal grades. Where books areordered at a time cr receives specially printed cover without extra charge. Coupon Pass Books Can be made to represent any denomination — 10 down. ae books 9 DOORS...........___.. 2 50 500 books 11 50 1,000 books.. . 20 00 Credit “Checks” 500, any one denom.. 2 00 1,000, any one denom.. 3 00 2,000, any one denom...... 5 00 Steel punch.. ae 75 CRACKERS National Biscuit Co.’s brands Butter SeyMOUL..=.... ..--....0 | ig a | ER oa Mig ec ie Spear eeaa sia. -. vee BE a Tystal — ee — urn Dashers, per dvz... offered. oe ae are \ j Sp ear a 8 OZ. ee Soft scene cr oe cy—In Pails Milkpans r Agency 1 Nobby Twist eee re - Banquet..... ee eS 2 75 eer — Gums. 8% * 7 ev = = ~~ yer aes ee cere Imperial Gas Lamp Co 3 =a = —- deals. 222020000 bo | Fudge Squan Squarss si Fine Glazed Milkpans and 134 Lake St. E., Chicago 5 [eee eras Tubs Pea eet 12 | % al. flat or rd. o . i J. . Sei $4 | soinch, Standard, No. 1 dy ares. .... § | 1 8al- flat or rd. ergy 2 haga ci 60 a LZ) : ee ee aspect 63 1g-inch, Standard, No. 2. eo aim heen. ul — 6 » } Jelly Cis: eee 8 — Sentand, os 8.....4 00 ao ht Kisses... 10 * = premeeet. bail, ‘our dat. i” ee 18- » NO. 1.........6 50 Goodies... gal. fireproof, bail, pur doz......... 85 : : Honey Dip Twist.... es = Cable, = 2... see 206 00 a, Plain -;... oi eso Se 1 10 Write our ; Smoking No.1 Fibre........ us --+++:5 00 | Choc. Drops... itn Advertising D 3 a Pressed.. sb No. 3 Fibre "77 95 | Choon Chocolates... A = eee nen eeteeae 60 sing epartment Sl i ibre.. Loos Cees. Memumontals. =" 1 to5 gal. per gal...... ....ssele stele 45 me - 0—tC<“ Indicator. 1 Ib. pails 28 | Boteher's Maniia...-..... S foe e Creams. 80 @90 . Wrapp lab. 2 90 All ourc i eee 2. short count, 13” | g 224 we ree. No. 1 Sun, cri ecg ae ssgetettonatiiearhintiheap satin : EBOS.0. o... ee TT vax Butter, full count. -3 Pn ne @es | No. , crimp top, wrapped & lab. } our sample room rox SAUCES Wax Butter, rolls...-..... 15 Wintergreen Bérvios so he tien Gee eee lab. 37 this season are a= SS — , a: EA & Magic, : es Clipper, aa No.18 a er — MO PERRIN Ss ql Sunlight po eee 1 00 | Standard, 20 it ws Is @9 No. un, wrapped and labeled RE THAN PLEASE Sunlight, 1% a ec eeeee .-1 00 Perfection, 20 ae @10 No. - 2 Sun, wrapped and labeled...... 4 00 ‘ D SAUCE Yeast Cream, 3 doz. 50| Amazon, Choc Cord = @is* | S-2 —, a labeled... = with the display and pri oe Foam, 3 doz. . = ——: 2 for 1¢ asa @15 ioe Bulb,” for Globe “= ing our cl oe ee ee The Original and ane we a el eee tee a 80 h Se ? ay FRESH FISH teense any = bx @s5 | No. 1 Sun, plain Rig Bastie the largest line in Michigan of 4 Worcestershire. | White fish Per Ib, | AA Cream Car’ls "31d @60 | No. 2 Sun, plain bulb, oe — ea 1 00 s Lea & Perrin’s, large. 3 75 | Lrout.. . seresereeeeee BO 9 FRU @50 | No.1 Crimp, per doz ti pea 1 25 SALABLE HOLID See reese latee.----- 375) Biack Bews..........-. 8 9 FRUITS KV. 1 35 AY Halford large.-.--..--- 3 | Ciscoos a8. 0000 Sa0@ | Plorida Busyett Rochester me ARTICLES Halford, email. 3 ie] Ghemmer Berne. g 1 | Florida Bright... @ | No: 2 Lime (700 doz = Salad Dressing, small... 2 78| 4ve » Labair. 1. a Extra Choloo 2... _? No.2 Fling i a oo Ue Our Vast Assortment is still com TWINE bster . ———————s lr lc llr 4 plete, but ord Al Cotton, 3 ply.. Cae 2. if @ i Electri - ‘ orders should be pla ; ae 4 ply. i ererterees 8 — 2 : $ = : — = = oT at once to insure prompt a eee oa aNQ. . 2 Flint (80e doz)............. i eae oe (Aes § cog REE Hc: 88 | To «6 DIY --2- ene cose ees c ee 20 Smoked 5 7, Lemons 1 gal. tin can F Wool, ee or 2, | Rew Somppers gu — extey a0.” @ | bal fal Cee =e red Brundage Malt White Wine a col iver Sa = 2S —— ex chee 300 “soe galv. iron with spout, per doz... 3 00 Wholesale Drugs and Stati : a White Wine, #0 =: (oysters. —— — aoe 300... g 3 = ao jan with Sone Per doz. a MUSKEGON a Pure Cider, Red Star. rand. F.H.C an Oysters Seosiaes 300S....... 4 00@4 50 5 gal. galv. iron with faucet, ak oa 4 50 : i Pure Cider, Ro “2 Fs. ounts........ 40 sinas 360s....... 5 owe, 58 | 5 gal. Tilting cans...... per doz.. 6 00 Pure Cider, — 3 —- —. $3 | Medium bunches. 1 B gal. galv. ron Nacstas.... 00.00.00 = ‘ oom ASHIN os Powben ennag,_ Oysters zz | Large bunches. -- 1 50@2 00] LANTERNS 000e0ee4 ; Gol — regular......... 50 | Extra Selects ....72! ae le or Dried Fruits No. 1B Tube Be skces 475 3 090000000000 oe — alifornias, Fancy No. 15 Tub ra ued ecu Biante 1 35| Cal. pkg. 10 Ib. . @ No. nf cae se BSD one 7% ° e RubNes More ce eee 83 eabaec 33 18 Simple ; eC Meni Sai aan Rub-No-More «... so | le Cappon & Rertech Leather | Te we —— as 18 3 ecco Tn ; ollow s as | ,, DOXeS............. : TER Bearllne..... 0020.02.20 75 Me pwc OS LEST cere ee ¢ : eee ag 3 bo iccia< Naturals, in bags. @ No. 0 Tub., ca: oz. each, box, 10¢ ® 3 ‘ WICKING Green No. 2.. @i% = @ | No.0 Tub: bbls bdoz, each, per bbl. 3 3 CCO 1 * 0. 0, per gross.. Cured @ 6% | Fards in 10 Ib. No.0 Tub. s 5 doz. each, per bbl.. 20 No. 1.. boxe Bull 2 00 No. *, per gross.....-.+.0.- 4.25 Cured No. 2.. S&L ee. — ss. ‘a ae oz.each =§«-1 35 3 RoE Reem atari BS) i aia | SON FRUIT JARS. sme Calfskins, —- @ 7% | Salrs, 60 Ib. cases... e oe i a wane Calfskins.cured No.2 @'8%4 | Alm cased... 44 @ 6 | Halt Gallon: soseoc vse socos 6 23 Simplest and Bushels e 5 onds, Tarragona | bbe! 901 @ pikes a Pelt Almon ills SE 5s cota tered tense 2 § : Market: ae te ois po see. oes. 80@1 00 Cholee, H. P.. Extras @ The flour the best cooks use” Tradesman Co 3 s: ein ag: Gna eee een Grand R 3 RAND RAPIDS, MICH. - eee 2 090006 0000000000 oooee 4 i & : MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 79 RED JACKET AXE. Advertisement Which Appeared a Third of a Century Ago. Geo. F. Foster, son of the late Wilder D. Foster, now Treasurer of the Fred- erick A. Stokes Company, book pub- lisher at New York, recently wrote Wil- der D. Stevens as follows: George Murphy, who worked in Bax- ter’s store, is here studying music. The other day, in looking through some books of his landlady, he picked up an old magazine of 1869. He discovered an advertisement in it of the Red Jacket Axe, which quoted a letter from my father. He induced the landlady to give him this page and I enclose it to you. 1 thought possibly you might care to have it mounted or even framed for your office. It was published, he says, in Pearson’s Magazine. I think it must be Peterson’s. The date on which it was published was February, 1869. It from active business and are living in comfort on the proceeds of timber cut with the old ‘‘Red Jacket Axe.’’ I presume the sight of this advertise- ment will recall many memories to the Hon. D. A. Blodgett, who used it exten- sively in his lumbering operations at that time. But there was another cele- brated axe in this part of the country, ante-dating and oe with the ‘‘Red Jacket.”’ refer to the ‘Hathaway Axe,’ ae by Charles Hathaway in this city. Mr. Foster sup- plied the iron and steel for its manu- facture, and every night ‘‘Charley’’ Hathaway would bring to the store in a wheelbarrow, hot from the forge, all the axes made during the day. Inthe rear of the store was a table with upright pegs set into it, sufficient for holding three or four dozen axes. There Mr. Hathaway would paint with black as- phaltum the poll of each axe and, plac- Ing it on its peg to dry, go home for his well-earned rest. The same pro- certainly is quite acuriosity. I can re-| gramme was repeated day after day. v more Uw. i. Miller & ». — give entire satisfaction our Vv. James VY. Smita ot t..-«dience. R. L, sa, ~— 2 Flavori Gove and ae a EALERS IN CHOICE ™ SOLD BY G VORS TR GROCERS AND. DRUGGISTS, Extracts she ever used.” m., A. Suckingham. of Connecticut. says : fine. First-O Class ¥ Hotels, eee: and Ice Cre EBLE oa WHOLES. J. W.Colton’s N. ¥. Depot. care of DICKINSON & Gpanp Raprips, Mica., Sept. 10, 1868. Urrerncort & BAKEWELL: The people seem to be crazy about your RED JACKET Please send me twenty dozen more. Yours. truly. AXES. CAUTION.—UOnprincipled dealers are setling Axes painted red, as the RED JACKET AXE. ‘The goud quali- ties of this Axe consists tn its superior cutting qualities not in the Red Paint. The ‘RED JACKET” is for sale by all responsible hardware dealers and the manufacturers. LIPPINCOTT & BAKEWELL, Pittsburgh, Pa. G. F. News ACCURATE t PERIODIC STATE MINI COL CESCRIPTION WHICr GEO. F oa ANTED, AGENTS, $75 to $200 per month, everywhere, male and female, to intro- duce the GENUINE IMPROVED COMMON SENSE. FAMILY SEWING machine wil] stich, hem, fell, tuck, quilt, cord, bind. braid and embroider in a most superior manner. Price only $18. Fully warranted for five years. We will pay $1000 for any machine that will sew a stronger, more beautiful. or more *Sanours. It makes the “ulastic Lock Stitch.” elastic se"~ can be cu’ = A HANDSOME MACHINE. This PR! A work of great who desire papers ai eloth cannot be § THe member myself the old Red Jacket Axe. The matter happened to be brought to the attention of the Tradesman, which caused a fac simile of the advertisement to be made for the anniversary edition and requested Wilder D. Stevens to write something relative to the subject, which request he cheerfully complied with, as follows: The above letter, signed ‘‘W. D. F.’’ and used as an advertisement by Lip- pencott & Bakewell, was written by our predecessor and the founder of our business, Wilder D. Foster, thirty-three years ago. This explanation would have been unnecessary at the date of the let- ter, as every one who used an axe in this part of the country knew what ‘“‘W. D. F.’’ stood for. How many readers of the Tradesman, we wonder, will remember the old ‘‘Red Jacket Axe?’’ Not many, I fear, as the wood- choppers and loggers of that early date are through with their work. Many have passed away, some have retired This axe might well have been labeled the ‘‘Black Jacket,’’ but Hathaway’s name as maker of axes and other edge tools went much further and meant more than Red or Black paint. >_> ___ Refreshing Modesty. An unsuccessful candidate for a party nomination being met by a friend the morning following his disappointment, the following conversation ensued : Friend—Well, how do you like the nominations? Rejected Candidate—Excuse me, but I take no interest whatever in this elec- tion. Friend—No more do I, except to wish that the best man may win. Rejected Candidate—Well, he won’t. Friend—And why not, pray? Rejected Candidate——Because he wasn't nominated. 8 The chief of man is his foot—espe- Serag when he has to foot his wife’s ills. Hardware Price Current Ammunition ~~ G. D., full count, per m. 40 Hicks? Waterproof, per m.. sea oa 50 Musket, per m.. ees cceuce 75 Ely’s Waterproof, ‘per’ n. epee 60 Cartridges No. 22 short, per m..... se deea 2 50 No. 92 long, per m.... 3 00 No. 32 short, per m. 5 00 No. 32 long, per m. 5 75 ‘Sion No. 2 U. M. C., boxes 250, per m...... 1 20 No. 2 Winchester, boxes 250, per m.. 1 20 Gun Wads Black edge, Nos. 11 and 12 U. M.C.. 60 Black edge, Nos. 9 and 10, per m...... 70 Black edge, No. 7, perm.............. 80 Loaded Shells New Rival—For Shotguns i Dis. of oz.of Size Per No. Powder Shot Shot Gauge 100 120 4 1% 10 10 $2 90 129 4 1% 9 10 2 90 28 4 1% 8 10 2 90 126 4 1% 6 10 2 90 135 414 1% 5 10 2 95 154 4% 1% 4 10 3 00 200 3 1 10 12 2 50 208 3 1 8 12 2 50 236 3% 144 6 12 2 65 265 3% 14 5 12 270 264 3% 1% 4 12 270 Discount 40 per cent. Paper Shells—Not Loaded No. 10, pasteboard boxes 100, per 100... 72 No. 12, pasteboard boxes 100, per 100.. 64 Gunpowder Megs, 20 Ibs. per Kee... |... |... 4 00 % Kegs, 12% ibs., ar Be kee... 2 lq kegs, 644 lbs., ‘per i HO@........... 1 25 Shot In sacks containing 25 Ibs. Drop, all sizes smaller than B........ 1 75 Augurs and Bits SRG e 60 Jennings genuine.... 25 Jennings’ mitation.. .. Sees deus ee 50 ‘Axes. First Quality, S. B. Bronze............ 6 00 First Quality, D. B. Bronze. . ca 3 00 First Quality, S. B. S. Steel. . 6 50 First Quality, D. B. Steel.... 10 50 Barrows Oo 12 00 Garden.. - Ceccccececeetles . 2060 Bolts Stove bees se ote os cons 60 Carriage, How ee 60 Prow 2 o5 eee eee aa 50 “Buckets Well, plain ....... cuca $4 00 Butts, Cast Cast Loose Pin, figured ............... 65 Wrouget Narrow... 60 Chain Yin. 65-16in. 3 in. % in Cen... ... 7 ¢ 6 ¢... 5 ¢.... ve Be.) Se 8 ae BEB... Se .:. 3%... CH 6% Crowbars Cast Steel por ip... . 6 Chisels ee coe ce on oa oe 65 BOGKOl PPAMMN tk ae 65 MOGCKEE COTmer 65 MOCKGE SMC ol 65 Elbows Com. 4 piece, 6 — = ~ ..Det 75 yon: — doz. out 1 25 Adjusta! . ...dis 49810 ‘Mapansive Bits Clark’s small, $18; large, $26 .......... 40 Ives’ 1, $18; 2, $24; Se. 25 aaa —_ New American . <- 70&10 Nicholson’s.. a 7! Heller’s Horse Rasps... SE ae Caan 70 Galvanized Iron Nos. 16 to 20; 22 _ 24; 25 — 26; 2 28 List 12 13 Ww Discount, 60 Gauges Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s.......... 60810 Glass Single Strength, by box.. -dis 80&20 Double Sythe Cake” » by box -dis 80&20 escoceeesiS SOR20 ‘anes Maydole & = — a seneteese o----dis 33 Yerkes & Plum cececsesGs S000 Mason’s Solid Gast Steel .. 30¢ list 70 Hinges | Gate, Clark’s 1, 2, 3.. -.....dis 60810 teliow ‘Ware Pees ae acide 50&10 TO oc ee 50&10 Spiders....... a cleat ca cules oe 50&10 Horse Nails Au Sable . -dis 40&10 House Furnishing Goods Stamped Tinware, new list............ 70 Japanned Tinware. Seed elendee 20810 ao AY Beco s soce , es ca 2 25 crates es BAM oc ese 3 c rates Knobs—New List Door, mineral, fal, jap. re: ee 75 Door, porcelain, jap. tri mmings... Lice - 85 Lanterns Regular 0 Tubular, Doz... casa 5 00 Warren. Galvanized Fount.. ee 6 00 Levels Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s..........! dis Mattocks AG7G yO... o.oo ce eens one see OO Metals—Zinc 600 pound —_ CE OA St Th Per pound.. sieaisl ce ticie ¢ ou es cue occu 8 Miscellaneous Bird Cages ....... 40 Pumps, Cistern... 75 Serews, New List ...... 85 Casters, Bed and Fiate............<..- 50810810 Damperk, Amorivan:....... 2... 36022: Molasses Gates Steppiws Patiern.... .. 2.00.5. 60810 Enterprise, self-measuring............ 30 Pans Were, AGM oa, acc as 60810810 Conninn, ‘saa cca cecceiile cise udes 7085 Patent Planished Iron ‘*‘A” Wood’s patent planished, Nos. 24 to 27 12 £0 ““B” Wood’s patent planished, Nos. 25 to 27 11 50 Broken packages ec per pound extra. Planes Ohio Tool Co.’s, fancy. . 40 Sciota Bench.. 50 Sandusky Tool Go.’ *g, fancy. 40 Bench, first quality.. lens gecn accccai 45 a Advance over base, on both Steel and Wire. ROCGn HAS ARG cl, 2 55 Wire nails, As i ° 55 20 to 60 advance... _2- The Kind of Cattle Packers Look For. The first thing that should be looked to is the general beef form—low, broad, deep, smooth and even, with parallel lines. No wedge shape: is wanted for the biock. Next in import- ance isa thick, even covering of the right kind of meat in the parts that give the high priced cuts. This is a very important factor in beef cattle that is often overlooked. The high priced cuts are the ribs and loins. These parts on an average sell for about three times as much per pound as the others. Good, broad, well covered backs and ribs are absolutely necessary to a good carcass of beef, and no other excellencies, how- ever great, will compensate for the lack of this essential. It is necessary to both breed and feed for thickness in these parts, but mere thickness and substance are not all. Animals that are soft and patchy or hard and rolled on the back are sure to give defective and objec- tionable carcasses, even although they are thick,and they also cut up with cor- respondingly greater waste. The men who buy cattle and fix their market value are shrewd enough to know almost at a glance how much and just what kind of meat a steer ora carload of steers will cut out, and if the producer overlooks any of the essential points he is compelled to bear the loss. A certain amount of size is necessary in beef cat- tle, but it should be obtained without coarseness. The present demand exacts quality and finish rather than size. Be- sides these qualities and above all it is necessary to have vigor and constitution. C. F. Curtiss. — ee 2 Feminine Finesse. ‘‘Charley dear,’’ said young Mrs. Torkins, ‘‘do you think we shall ever be rich enough to own a yacht?’’ **T shouldn't be surpised.’’ ‘*When we can afford it, you will buy me a yacht, won’t you?’’ ‘*Certainly.’’ ‘*Well, Charley, dear, I know you are a business man, and | know you want me to be a business woman. If you will give me a new hat and a new gown and a new coat now, I won’t say a word about the yacht. Isn't that a lovely dis- count for cash?’’ BusinasHanls Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the first insertion and one cent a word for each subsequent insertion. No adverti ts taken for less than 25 cents. Advance payments. BUSINESS CHANCES. ANTED—SECONDHANI GROCERY DE- livery wagon. Must be in good repair. Address Lock Box 11, Shepherd, Mich. 125 y ANTED—UNDERTAKING AND FURNI- ture business Will pay spot cash. Ad- dress No. 124, care Michigan ‘Tradesman. 124 ONDUCT A BUSINESS OF YOUR OWN; turn your spare time into cash; forty kinds of business requiring little or no capital; prac- tical books, money-making recipes, trade se- crets, formulas. Write to-day. Davis & Co., Dept. 14, Mansfield, 0. 127 AKE MONEY COLLECTING BAD DEBTS 4¥i by our unfailing method Convert your poor accounts into cash. Trial set 25 cents. oo to-day. Davis & Co, Dept. 14, — oO. 12 OR SALE—A DESIRABLE DRUG STOCK in a thriving town; no competition. Write = ee Postoffice Box 115, ——— ic 1 NOR SALE—GOOD STOCK OF SHOES AND men’s furnishing goods; invoices $1,600; good paying business; rent cheap; will «c- cept $1,200 cash. if taken atonce. Good reason for selling. John Schondelmayer, Middleville, Mich. 122 = SALE—STOCK OF GEN®FRAL MER- chandise ($5,000) in town of ',000 population; oldest and best location in town; doing a cash business; no book accounts; have sold tuis year to Oct 1, $14.680. Will take part real estate and give plenty of time on balance. J. F. Weis- singer, Sycamore, Ohio. 123 Ce ACRE FARM FOR SALE OR trade for merchandise. Address Box 33, Epsilon. M‘ch. 119 Kv SaLE—COMPLETE SET OF TIN- ner’s tools, all in good condition Address Wm. Brummeler & Sons, 249-263 South Tonia St., Grand Rapids. 113 _ N ACCOUNT SICKNESS WILU SELL warehouse and produce business, best town in State, cheap. Clark’s Real Estate Exchange, Grand Rapids. 111 oS AGE WILL SELL $3,500 STOCK agricultural stock in best town in State, clearing $2,500 per year. Clark’s Business Ex- change, Grand Rapids. 112 CLEAN GROCFKRY STOCK FOR SALE of about $1,500, with good trade, in connec- tion with a department store with large trade. No time to give it attention; good location; fine chance; easy terms. Lock Box 1097, Greenville, Mich. 115 OOD OPENING FOR NEWSPAPER AT Weidman, Mich., Isabella county. Write to John S. Weidman, Weidman, Mich. 108 pee SALE—A GOOD PORTABLE SAW- mill and about 250,000 feet of logs and stand- ing timber. A bargain if taken at once; situated six miles from Dexter and five miles from Ham- = Mich. Address D. Hitchingham, _— Mich. UR SYSTEM REDUCES YOUR BOOK- keeping 85 per cent. Send for catalogue. — Cash & Credit Register Co., — a. ORK SALE—A LIVE, UP-TO-DATE CHINA, crockery and house furnishing store, carry- ing a brand new well-bought stock of china, crockery. glassware, tinware and « general line of house furnishings and notions; located in the best and busiest city in the Northern Peninsula; the only store of its kind in the city; satisfactory reasons for selling; a splendid chance for some rson. Address Queensware, care Michigan Tradesman. 101 cS SALE—GROCERY STORE OF E. J. Herrick, 116 Monroe street, Grand Rapids. Enjoys best trade in the city. Mr. Herrick wi~hes to retire from business. Address L. E. Torrey, Agt., Grand Rapids. 102 *OR SALE—THE CLOTHING, HAT, CAP and furnishing goods stock of the late L. F. Lutz, of Byron, ichigan, invoicing about $7,000. Business has beeu established twelve years. Stock is in good rT. Must be sold at once. Address Mrs. L. F. Lutz. 109 NOR SALE—BEST GROCERY BUSINESS in Flint. Sales average $1.500 per month. Will inventory about $2,000. Bi argain for cash. Best of reason for selling. rite quick if you want it. Address Derby & Choate, Flint, Mich. 110 OR SALE — BEST ESTABLISHED BA- - Zaar, wall paper and picture frame business in Central Michigan, in growing city of 20,000. Retiring from business only reason for selling; inspection invited; will lease same location. Ad- dress No. 106, care Michigan Tradesman __ 106 ges SALE—STORE, GENERAL MER: HAN- dise stock and one-half acre of land in town of 200 population in Allegan county. Ask for real estate $2,500. Two fine glass front wardrobe show cases, with drawers; also large dish cup- board and three movable wardrobes in flat above go with building. Will invoice the stock and fixtures at cost (and less where there is a depre- ciation), which will probably not exceed $1,200 or $1,500. Require $2,000 cash, balance on mortgage at 5 per cent. Branch office of the West Michi- gan Telephone Co. and all telephone property reserved. Store building 26x62; warehouse for surplus stock. wood, coal and ice, 12x70; barn, 24x36. with cement floor; cement waik; heated by Michigan wood furnace on store floor; large fiiter cistern and water elevated to tank in bath- room by force pump. Cost of furnace, bathtub and fixtures, with plumbing, $295. Five barrel kerosene tank in cellar with measuring pump. Pear and apple trees between store and barn. For particulars or for inspection of photograph of premises address or callon Tradesman Com- pany. 99 VOR RENT—AN UP-TO-DATE DRY GOODS store, central'y located, in a growing pros- perous town in Southern Michigan. Competi- tion is not strong. Can give immediate _. sion. Address No. 89, care Michigan Trades- man. 89 NINE OPENING FOR DRY GOODS BUSI- ness. Now occupied by small stock, for sale cheap. Address No. 97, care Michigan Trades- man. 97 OR RENT—BRICK STORE BUILDING AT Bailey, 26x60 feet in dimensions, with eight living rooms overhead. Good Iccation for gro- cery or general store. Rent reasonable. Ad- dress No. 82, care Michigan Tradesman. 82 Fo SALE—GOOD CLEAN STOCK OF GEN- eral merchandise, invoicing $2,500 to $3,000. Situated in good farming district in Northern In- diana. Reason for selling, business interests elsewhere. Quick sale for cash. Address No. 93, care Michigan Tradesm-n. 93 YOR SALE—STOUCK OF DRUGS AND GRO- }k ceries in the city of Flint, Michigan, includ- ing horses and deliv: ry wagons. Cash sales last © year were $30,000. Store rents for $60. Employs four clerks and one bookkeeper; gas and elec- tric light in store, and both Bell and Valley hones. Stock new and in the best of condition. Will invoice at 35.000, including horses and _— ons. Wiill sell for part cash, balance on time, if secured for the sum of $4,500. Enquire of Geo. E. Newall, Flint, Mich. 92 YOR SALE—CONFECTIONERY STOCK, fixtures, utensils and all tools necessary for making candy; also soda fountain on contract, and all apparatus for the manufacture of ice cream; situated in thriving town of 3,000 inhabi- tants; the only store of its kind in the town. The owner, a first-cla~s candy maker, will agree to teach the buyer for one mouth in the manu- facture of candy. Reasons for selling, other business. Address No. 62, care Michigan —— man. WILL SELL WHOLE OR ONE-HALF IN- terest in my furniture business. The goods are all new and up-to-date; located in a town of 7,000: has been a furniture store for thirty years; only two furniture stores in the town. Address all corres}ondence to No. 63, care Michigan Tradesman. 63 SS DESIROUS OF CLOSING a¥i out entire or part stock of shoes or wishing to dispose of whatever undesirable for cash or on commission correspond with Ries & Guettel, 12-128 Market St , Chicago, Il. 6 MISCELLANEOUS ANTED—A POSITION IN A GENERAL store in the North or Northwest by a man who has for twelve years succe-sfully conducted for himself a general store. Has good capital to invest it after thorough trial he is suited. First- class references given and required. Address B. O., eare Michigan Tradesman. 120 XPERIENCED SALESMAN AND STOCK- keeper wants position in dry goods. clothing or general store. Good references. Address No. 118, care Michigan Tradesman. ANTED—SITUATION BY A MAN OF large experience in a general or hardware or grocery or shoe store. Can furni-h_refer- ences. Address No. 129, care Michigan Trades- nan. 129 ANTED SITUATION BY ASSISTANT pharmacist of fifteen years’ egy Can give good references. Address L. E. Bockes, Central Lake, Mich. 126 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 Wilcox St. hone wf Money-making is a science; within the reach of every young man and woman who has character enough to desire it and ambition enough to work for it. Detroit Business Univer- sity teaches the science of money-making: is the ouly Business College in Detroit and about the only one in the United States that maintains at all times alarge corps of experienced men teachers. Individual instruction. Write for illustrated catalogue. DETROIT BUSINESS UNIVERSITY WILLIAM F. JEWELL, President. Detroit, Michigan PLATT R. SPENCER, Secretary. THIS LETTER IS ONLY FOR POULTRY SHIPPERS For fancy yellow dressed (scalded) poultry we feel safe in stating Buffalo will equal any market—no exception—for Thanksgiving and Christmas. We are not prophets, but predict just the same, as we have for years, thatno market excels us on holiday poultry this season, because Buffalo has places for it. First, its always regular big holiday demand; second, the packers who want very large quan- tities; third, the cold storage packers and speculators use large quantities; fourth, (for live), raffling trade use carloads; fifth, the great factory proprietors’ trade, who use thousands as gifts for employes, which is an old, well established custom in Buffalo. Hence no danger of sticking us on poultry. It’s true our packers, canners and cold storage men have paid fair prices every season—why not this? For Thanksgiving we can do justice to a very liberal amount of fancy turkeys and ducks, and as many more alive at as good prices, as a rule, as anywhere. Pay con- servative prices—better have sure margin on moderate shipments than loss on large ones. We assure unsurpassed service, promptness, integrity, responsibility, con- servative quotations and we believe an unexcelled poultry market; light freight, etc. References: New shippers to old ones and Western shippers to Berlin Heights Bank, Berlin Heights, Ohio, or Third National Bank, Buffalo; or anywhere on de- mand. Please advise at once your prospective shipments if any and oblige, 92 MICHIGAN STREET, BUFFALO, 'N. we OPPOSITE BUFFALO’S WHOLESALE MARKET Prompt, reliable and responsible poultry commission merchants for 33 years Se meee nee a