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The Michigan Tradesman.

 

 

VOL. 7.

GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 1889.

NO. 319.

 

Voigt, Herpolsheimer & Go,

Importers and Jobbers of

Dry Goods

STAPLE and FANCY.

 

Overalls, Pants, Etc.,
OUR OWN MAKE.

A COMPLETE LINE OF

Fancy Grockery and
Fancy Woodenware

OUR OWN IMPORTATION.
Chicago and De-

Cherryman & Bowen,
Undertakers and Embalmers,

IMMEDIATE ATTENTION GIVEN TO CALLS DAY OR NIGHT.
Telephone 1000. 5 South Division St.
GRAND RAPIDS.

Lady'assistant when desired.
taht BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
West Michigan “snp Normat scHoot.

(Originally Lean’s Business College—Est’blished 8 y’rs.)

A thoroughly oe permanently estab-
lished and pleasantly located College. The class
rooms have been especially designed in accord-
ance with the latest approved plans. The faculty
is composed of the most competent and practical
teachers. Students graduating from this Insti-
tution MUST be efficient and PRACTICAL. The
best of references furnished upon application.
Our Normal Department isin charge of experi-
enced teachers of established reputation. Satis-
factory boarding places secured for all who
apply to us. Do not go elsewhere without first
personally interviewing or writing us for full
particulars. Investigate and decide for your
selves. Students may enter at any time. Address
West Michigan Business University and Normal
School, 19, 21, 23, 25 and 27 South Division St.,
Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

Inspection Solicited. rt ie A. wees,
troit prices guaranteed. Principal. See’y and Treas.
S. G. Ketcham,

Cook %& Bergthold,

MANUFACTURERS OF

SHOW GASK

than those of
Write for cata-

Prices Lower
any competitor.
logue and prices.

Grand Rapids, Mich.

106 Kent St.,

G. H. Behnke,

* Wholesale and Retail Dealer in

COAL,
W OOD,

Flour, Feed, Grain, Hay, Straw, ke,

30 East Bridge St., Corner Kent,

WEST SIDE YARD:
Winter St., one block south of Shawmut Ave.,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

i
Yo the Book and Stationery Trade:

We are now State Agents for

Books and can furnish them at «

)

U
Eaton, Lyon & Co.,,

the publishers’ prices.

20 & 22 Monroe St.,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

Wm. Brummeler
JOBBER OF

Tinware, Glassware and Notions.

Rags, Rubbers and Metals bought at Market
Prices.

76 SPRING ST., GRAND RAPIDS,
WE CAN UNDERSELL ANY ONE ON TINWARE.

HIRTH & KRAUSE,

DEALERS IN

Shoe

| FRENCH TOILET, |
SAFETY BARREL,

GILT EDGE, |

|

|

 

RAVEN GLOSS,
BIXBY’S ROYAL,
SPANISH GLOSS,
BROWN’S FRENCH.

Dressings

Polish
Blacking.

BEACH’S
New York (otfee Rooms.

OYSTERS IN ALL STYLES.

Steaks, Chops and All Kinds of Order
Cooking a Specialty.

FRANK M. BEACH, Prop.

Daniel G. Garnsey,
EXPERT ACCOUNTANT

AND

Adjuster of Fire Losses.

Twenty Years Experience. References furnished
if desired.

 

BIXBY’S “3 B,”
JACQUOT’S FRENCH,

BARTLETT’S f ”
GENUINE tT. M.

 

 

 

 

24 Fountain St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

Pr

Messrs. Harper Brothers’ School Q

DEALER IN
Lime, Hair, Cement, Brick,
Stucco, Sewer Pipe, Tile,
Fire Brick and Fire Clay.

14 West Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

Business Practice
at the Grand Rapids

Depa rtment Business College. Ed-
ucates pupils to transact and record business as
it is done by our best business houses. It pays
togoto the best. Shorthand and Typewriting
also thoroughly taught. Send for circular. Ad
dress A. S. PARISH, successor to C. G. Swens
berg.

Muskegon Paper Go,,

Dealers in

FINE STATIONERY, WRAPPING
PAPERS, PAPERBAGS, TWINES,
WOODEN DISHES, ETC.

 

 

 

 

Mail Filled.

44 Pine St.,

Magic Goffee Roaster,

The Best in the World.

Promptly

Muskegon, Mich.

Orders

 

 

 

Having on hand a large stock of No. 1
SRoasters—capacity 35 Ibs.—I will sell
them at very low prices. Write for
Special Discount.

ROBT. S. WEST,

48-50 Long St., CLEVELAND, OHIO.

RDMUND B. DIKEMAN

THE GREAT

atch Maker

= Jeweler,
Kh CANAL SY,

Grand Rapids, - Mich.

W arren’s

“Blixir of Lite”

Cigar

 

 

Will be ready Sept. 1.
Price, $55 delivered.

Send orders at once to

GEO. Y. WARREN & C0O,, Flint, Wich.

Fine Millinery!

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.

 

 

Bought Direct from Importers
and Manufacturers.

Adams & Co.,

90 Monroe St,, Opposite Morton House.

 

 

To The Trade!
PERSONAL |

E. C. Tuse

Will hereafter act as our representative
in Grand Rapids and vicinity.

CEO. MOEBS & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OF

“Ben Hor,” “Record Breakers,”

And other fine cigars.
DETROIT, MICH.

FLOUR

Owl, Grown Prince, White Lily,
Standard, Rye, Graham.

 

Bolted Meal,
Feed, Ete.

MAIL ORDERS SOLICITED.

NEWAYGO ROLLER MILLS.

ALLEN DURFEE. A. D. LEAVENWORTH.

Allen Durfee & Co.,

FUNERAL DIRECTORS,

Grand Rapids.

 

 

 

 

 

103 Ottawa St.,

Fehsenfeld & Grammel,

(Suecessors to Steele & Gardner.)
Manufacturers of

BROOMS!

Whisks, Toy Brooms, Broom Corn, Broom
Handles, and all Kinds of Broom Materials.

10 and 12 Plainfield Ave., Grand Rapids.

WM. M. CLARK,

Manufacturer of

Gustom Made Shirts,

Fit and Quality Guaranteed.

 

 

Our cutting is done by Chas. R. Remington,
who was for nine years cutter for Gardiner &
Baxter, who will cordially welcome his many
friends in the trade.

47 Pearl St.,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

Apples,
Potatoes,

Onions.

 

FOR FRICES, WRITE TO

BARNETT BROS, W*elstels Dente

MAN?

NY

coMPA

Show Case
MAKERS.

Prices Lower than Kver

QUALITY THE BESY.

 

Write for Prices.

63—65 CANAL ST.

 

 

 

ROADS AND ROAD-MAKING.

 

Exhaustive Treatment of the Subject
by a Noted Engineer.

The progress uf civilization has every-
where been marked by good roads. It
may even be said to be largely due to
them. Ancient Rome was notonly famous
for its own roads, butit carried the art of
road-making into all its conquered prov-
inces. As its civilization disappeared in
the degeneracy of the Dark Ages, good
roads ceased to exist, and they only reap-
peared when modern nations began to
emerge from the Middle Ages. It is often
said that the test of civilization in any
country is the consumption of iron; but
this is true only because railroads are the
chief consumers of iron, and they are but
one form of roadway.

It is an undeniable fact that while the
United States has the finest railway sys-
tem in the world—the most perfectly
adapted to the work it has to do, and the
cheapest in charges for transportation—
yet its roads and its city streets are far
inferior to those of France, England,
Germany. Austria and Italy. Doubtless
the admirable character of its railways is
itself the cause of its bad roads and
streets, for the railways serve their pur-
pose so well that there is less apparent
need of good carriage roads. All the
other countries above named had reached
a high degree of civilization before the
advent of railways about fifty years ago,
whereas about three-fourths of the pres-
ent area of the United States have been
settled and populated during the railway
ra. The rapid advances in wealth and
population of the principal countries of
Europe during the latter part of the eigh-
teenth and early part of the nineteenth
century would have been impossible
without a corresponding and simultane-
ous improvement in the quality of their
roads. The still more rapid advance of
America during this century has been
accomplished chiefly through the instru-
mentality of railways, and these have so
thoroughly intersected the country in
every direction, bringing the merchant
and manufacturer at one end and the
farmer and miner at the other into such
close communication that the necessity
for good roads has been overlooked. The
opinion is now gaining ground, however,
that notwithstanding the excellent and
cheap service of the railways, there is a
great loss in the unnecessary cost of
transportation in hauling merchandise
through the mud to reach the railroad,
and again over rough cobble-stones when
it leaves the cars at its destination. And
independent of the commercial aspect of
the question, there is still to be consid-
ered the comfort and convenience of
those who use roads and streets for pleas-
ure riding and driving, and to whom
good read surfaces are absolutely neces-
sary. During the last few years there
has been aconstant increase in the atten-
tion and thought devoted to the question
of roads both without and within cities,
and the object of this article is to give
briefly such information as to the history
and present condition of the art of road-
making as may be useful in this discus-
sion.

The much-quoted Roman roads were,
in reality, far inferior to the best roads
of modern Europe, and were much more
costly. Hence they may be dismissed in
afew words. They were stone pave-
ments with a very thick concrete founda-
tion; or, as described by another writer,
they were ‘‘masonry walls laid on their
sides.”’?’ The most famous of them was
the Appian Way, constructed about 313
B. C., from Rome to Capua, and subse-
quently extended to Brundusium (Brin-
disi). The foundation consisted of one
or two courses of large fiat stones laid
in lime mortar; next came a layer of con-
erete made of one part of lime and three
of broken stones, thoroughly mixed and
consolidated by ramming; on this was
spread a thin layer of mortar, in which
the stones forming the top course were
bedded. These stones were of basaltic
lava, about twelve to fourteen inches in
width, with smooth upper surfaces but
irregular sides and when carefully jointed
together they fermed a large mosaic.
The total thickness of the road was about
three feet, and its width varied from
twelve to twenty feet. On either side
were raised footways, paved with stone,
and at frequent intervals were stepping-
stones for mounting horses. It was also
marked by mile-stones indicating the dis-
tance from the forum at Rome.

This road was certainly durable, as is
proved by the fact that although it had
to be rebuilt by Trajan, at the end of the
first century A. D., parts of it are still in
existence, 2200 years after it was first
constructed; but it was deficient in the
other qualities of a good road. Horace
is authority for the statement that it was
“less fatiguing to people who travel
slowly.”’

Similar roads were built in Gaul, in
Great Britain, during the Roman occupa-
tion, and in Thrace by the Emperor Tra-
jan.

With the decline of Rome, road-making
shared the fate of the other mechanical
arts, and for the time was forgotten.
Good roads were unknown again in
Europe until the middle of the eighteenth
century. They were revived almost sim-
ultaneously in France and England, and
soon afterward in the other chief coun-
tries of Europe.

Among English-speaking races, the
perfection of modern roads is generally
attributed to two Englishmen, Macadam
and Telford, who rebuilt nearly all the
English roads in the early part of this
century. Telford was a distinguished
engineer, while Macadam prided himself
on being nothing but a road-maker. It
is also generally believed that to Maca-
dam is due the principle of using small
angular fragments of clean stone, which,
under traffic, unite into a solid mass.
The distinctive feature of Telford’s roads
was a layer of irregular stone, from six
to eight inches in size, carefully placed
on the ground asa foundation for the
smaller ones, technically called the road

oO

metal. The chief object of this founda-
| tion was to afford good drainage, and
| prevent the metal from being pushed
into the ground in places where it was
soft; but Macadam always denied its
utility or necessity, and engineers are
still divided on this question. In regard
to the size of the metal, Telford specified
that the stones should be as nearly as
possible uniform in size, the largest of
which should pass, in its longest dimen-
sions, through a ring two and a half
inches in diameter. Macadam preferred
the test of weight, and insisted that no
stone should weigh more than six ounces
—which is the weight of a cube of one
and a half inches of hard, compact lime-
stone. His overseers were provided with
a small pair of scales and a six-ounce
weight, in order to test the largest stones.

It is a fact, however, that the correct
principles of modern road-building are
not due to either Macadam or Telford,
but toa French engineer, Tresaguet, who
anticipated them in every detail by about
thirty years. Inamemoir prepared in
1775, Tresaguet advocated the small
angular fragments of broken stone of
Macadam, and the rough paving founda-
tion of Telford. He built the high-roads
from Paris to Toulouse, and from Paris
to the Spanish frontier. His views were
adopted by all French engineers at the
end of the last century, and it was in
accordance with them that the Simplon
and other great roads over the Alps, as
well as the principal roads of France,
were built under Napoleon.

The excellence of broken stone roads
caused their universal adoption in the
first half of this century, and in only two
particulars have any improvements been
made upon them to the present day. The
first is in regard to the manner of break-
ing the stone. Macadam caused the
stone to be broken by hand on tke side
of the road, the size and weight of the
hammer being carefully specified. Now
they are much more quickly and cheaply
broken by machine. Two classes of stone-
erushers have been devised for this pur-
pose. The first, usually known.as the
Blake, consists essentially of astrong iron
frame, near one end of which is a mov-
able jaw of iron. By means of a toggle-
joint and an eccentric this jaw is moved
back and forward a slight distance from
the frame. As the jaw recedes, the open-
ing increases and the stone descends; as
it approaches the frame, the stone is
erushed. The second class is known as
the Gates, and consists of a solid mass of
iron shaped somewhat like a bell, which
is supported within an iron cone. By
means of an eccentric shaft a rocking
and rotary motion is given to the bell, so
that each point of its surface is succes-
sively brought near to and removed from
the surface of the cone, which causes the
stone to descend and be crushed as before.
These machines are driven by steam-
engines and are of various sizes, capable
of crushing from ten to two hundred tons
per day. By regulating the width of
opening between the jaws, or within the
eone, the size to which the stone can be
broken is correspondingly regulated; and
by the use of revolving screens with
openings of various sizes, the stones of
different sizes can be separated and de-
livered in separate piles of one-half inch,
one inch, two and one-half inches, ete.

The other improvement is in the use of
rollers to consolidate the road and give
a smooth, uniform surface, instead of
allowing this work to be slowly and pain-
fully performed by the vehicles using it.
Horse-rollers were introduced about 1834
and steam-rollers about 1860. There was
for some time a discussion as to the rela-
tive economy and merits of the two kinds
of rollers, but this has now been settled
in favor of the steam-rollers.

Macadam roads are now everywhere
constructed on substantially the same
principles. The ground is first cleared
and levelled of the prescribed width, and,
if necessary, excavated to the depth of
the road-covering. All roots of trees,
and soft and spongy spaces not affording
a firm bearing, are removed and their
places filled with good gravel or broken
stone. The surface is then rolled with a
heavy roller, in order thoroughly to com-
pact it. If the Telford foundation is
used, itis placed on the rolled earth in
the form of irregular stones from six to
eight inches in size, carefully placed in
position and forming a rough pavement,
on which the macadam metal is placed.
If the Telford foundation is not used,
the metal is placed directly on the earth,
in a uniform layer not exceeding six
inches in depth. This is then thoroughly
compacted by rolling with a heavy roller
for several hours, until the metal will not
yield under the roller. Auother layer of
broken stone of the same depth is then
placed on the first and compacted in the
same manner. Finally a layer of from
one to two inches in depth of very fine
broken stone or gravel, not exceeding
three-fourths of an inch in largest di-
mensions, is spread on the surface, and
this in turn is compacted by rolling. The
road is then ready for use. The rolling
is greatly facilitated and the compact-
ness of the road increased by thoroughly
sprinkling each layer in connection with
the rolling. In many cases the total
thickness of the macadam is only eight
inches, instead of twelve to thirteen
inches. as above described.

The cost of such roads depends chiefly on
two factors, the price of labor and the price
of broken stone. In addition to this is
the cost of culverts and bridges, which
must be provided for any road, whatever
the road surface may be. The price of
broken stone varies from 70 cents to $2
per ton, depending on the character of
the stone and the distance which it has
to be hauled. For a road 30 feet wide
and 9 inches thick, about 5,500 tons are
required for each mile in length. The
cost of the road surface alone-is about
$12,000 per mile. The cost of embank-
ment, excavation, culverts, drains, stone
gutters, etc., may carry the cost up to
$70,000 per mile.

These figures might even be increased
in the case of roads traversing a moun-

 

tainous district, where expensive em-
bankments, cu¢tings in rock and earth,
retaining-walls, etc., would be necessary.

|The laying out of such roads calls for

 

the same surveys and the same engineer-
ing skill as in the laying out of railways.

The shape or cross-section to be given
to the road has been the subject of much
discussion in the past. Roads which are
much rounded in the center shed the
water very easily, but, on the other hand,
they are very uncomfortable for vehicles.
There has also been much dispute as to
whether the cross shape of the road
should be a curve, or should consist of
two straight lines meeting at the center.
It is now generally conceded that the
cross-section should be a curve, and that
the height of the road should be about
one-sixtieth of its width, i. e., in roads
30 feet wide the center should be 6 inches
higher than the sides, in roads 40 feet
wide it should be 8 inches, and so on in
proportion to its width.

The great cost of macadam roads, and
the comparative lack of necessity for
them in consequence of the enormous
development of railways, has prevented
their construction to any great extent in
America. The National Road, which was
intended to form the great highway across
the Alleghanies from the Potomac to the
Ohio, was begun under authority of Con-
gress about sixty years ago, but it had
only progressed a short distance beyond
Cumberland. Maryland, when its con-
struction was abandoned, in consequence
of the building of railways for the same
purpose. Macadamized roads have there-
fore been confined to city or suburban
streets, and to a few of the older States
in the East. Even the turnpikes, or toll
roads, originally built by corporations
which made their profit by levying toll on
each horse passing or vehicle, were ma-
cadamized only for asmall portion of their
width inthe center, leaving earth roads
on each side. These latter were habitu-
ally used in summer, leaving the hard
central portion, whose surface was seldom
kept smooth, for use during the rains and
mud of winter.

With the exception of these few turn-
pike high-roads, American roads have
been built, of whatever material was
nearest to hand. Frequently, if not
generally, they were made by simply
ploughing a ditch on each side and throw-
ing the earth into a mound in the center.
An improvement on this was to spread a
layer of bank gravel containing a large
proportion of clay over the road; and on
the New England coast, where a rocky
soil and clean gravel or beach shingle
were everywhere available, these ma-
terials were used, and formed a compara-
tively hard and durable road _ surface.
Through the swamps and clay soils of the
South, where stone and gravel were not
available, the corduroy road was much
used. This consisted in felling trees,
stripping the branches, and placing the
trunks across the road ; and it was prob-
ably the most inhuman device ever sug-
gested as a means of communication. In
central New York, and in some parts of
the West, plank roads were at one time
constructed, but their lack of durability
caused this system to be soon abandoned.

The condition of a road depends not
only upon the manner in which it is con-
structed, but upon the manner in which
it is maintained. The best of roads are
being constantly worn by traffic. and if
they ar¢@ not guigkly repaired whenever
any deteets ‘appears. th¢ysard soon de;
stroyed. Macddam‘s rép ytatiog Wag thade:
not ip Duildiseg new,roads, but im répalr-
ing gld Foddsrand keeptirg them clinays in
good order. * Tn-exdet. te actom pis |r shis
result incessant attention is necessary, yo.)
as to fill up any ruts or holes the moment
they appear, and prevent them from being
enlarged by travel and rain. The road
thus gradually wears down, but always
presents a uniform and smooth surface ;
and when its thickness is reduced to about
five inches it is necessary to make general
repairs by covering it with a new coat-
ing of stone. The amount of wear is
proportional to the volume of traffic. On
some of the heavily traveled macadam
streets of London and Paris it has been
as much as four inches ina year, but on
high-roads between cities it is often as
low as one-half inch in a year.

Nowhere is the art of road-making and
maintenance earried to such perfection
as in France, where the necessity of con-
stant supervision and prompt repairs is
fully appreciated. Her roads have a
length of about 200,000 miles, of which
more than 120,000 miles are macadamized.
They have cost mearly $600,000,000 for
construction, and the sum of $18,000,000
(or about three per cent. of first cost) is
annually spent for their maintenance.
Until we are prepared to expend the
necessary sums for solid construction and
incessant maintenance, we cannot have
good roads. With an area of 204,000
square miles, and a population of 38,000,-
000 inhabitants, France has about one
mile of road to every square mile of terri-
tory, and to every 190 inhabitants; its
roads have cost about $3,000 for each
square mile, and about $18 for each
inhabitant ; their maintenance costs annu-
ally $90 for each square mile, and 48 cents
for each inhabitant.

The State of New York has an area of
47,000 square miles, and a population of
about 6,500,000, the number of inhabi-
tants per square mile being about three-
fourths the numberin France. On the
basis of area, in order that its roads
should be equal to those of France, their
length should be 46,000 miles; the first cost
would be $138,000,000, and the annual
cost of maintenance would be $4,140,000,
or 64 cents for each inhabitant. The
railroads of this State have cost nearly
$900,000,000, and the annual expense of
maintaining their road-beds is fully 6 per
cent. of their first cost. It is evident
that it would not be an impossible task
to create a system of roads eorrespond-
ing in excellence to the railroads when-
ever the necessity for them is fully recog-
nized; and it would not be difficult to
to prove that the benefits derived in

 

cheapening the cost of transportation to

the railroads, of which the roads would
act as feeders, would be more than an
equivalent for the expense. Nor would
the cost in reality be anything like the
large sums above named. for many of the
existing roads contain an abundance of
stone, which could be taken up, broken,
and relaid, after the manner in which
Macadam rebuilt the roads of England,
the cost of which is stated in his memoir
to have been as low as $600 per mile.
Owing to the increase in the cost of labor
since Macadam’s time, the cost would
now be about $2,500 per mile.

It is worth while to note the manner
in which France maintains these splendid
roads. The datais all available in the
ninth volume of Debauve’s {Manual for
the Engineers of the Ponts et Chaussees.
While we have no such large body of
trained engineers in the public service,
and while our political organization does
not permit the adoption of the system as
a whole, yet there are many of _ its
features which are notonly applicable to
us, but are essential to any satisfactory
method of road maintenance.

The roads in each department in France
are under the general supervision of the
prefect of the department, and their con-
struction and repair are intrusted to the
engineers of the ponts et chaussees. The
necessary funds for this purpose are
allotted to each department by the
Minister of Public Works. The high-
roads are divided into two classes—
national roads, running through two or
more departments and connecting the
chief cities, and departmental roads, con-
necting the principal cities within a
single department. The local roads are
divided into three classes—the important
local roads, the ordinary local roads, and
the by-roads. Each road is thus clasified
according to its use and the traffic upon
it, as determined by actual count at stated
periods. The construction and the main-
tenance are varied according to the use
and the volume of traffic. Some of the
national roads are paved with stone
blocks, like city streets, for long dis-
tances; others are macadamized; and the
local roads areof gravel. The engineer-
in-chief has charge of all the roads in the
department; under him are engineers
having charge of certain districts, and
under eachof these are superintendents
and ovelseers, each in charge of a certain
length of road, and with a certain force
of laborers and the necessary materials
for keeping the road always in good order.
It is, in short, the same system of con-
stant inspection, maintenance, and repair
which is in use on every one of our princi-
pal railroads, but which is never applied
to our roads.

The fundamental principles of main-
tenance, as laid down in the Manual of
Instruction, are only two in number, viz.:
1. The removal of the daily wear of the
road, whether in the form of mud or dust;
2. The prompt replacement of this wear
by new materials.

Each road is divided into sections called
cantons; on heavily traveled roads a ecan-
ton may be only 100 yards long, on light
roads it may be a mile; and to each can-
ton there is a workman known as a can-
tonnier, who is responsible for the con-
dition of the road in his canton. He
lives in the immediate vicinity, and is
obliged to be on the road from 5 a. m. to
7 p.m. in summer, and from sunrise to
sunset in winter; he can rest two hours
for his noon-day meal, but with this
pwckptiqn he must be always at work be-
tween the hours above stated. Hehasthe
following tools, viz., wheelbarrow, iron
eShoyel, wooden shovel, pick, iron scraper,
wooden. veraper, broom, iron rake, crow-
bAr, hammer, and tape-line. His duties
are, 1, to keep the gutters clear so that
the water can runoff freely ; 2, to scrape
off the mud in wet weather and sweep off
the dust in dry weather, so as to keep his
eanton always clean; 3, to clean off the
snow as far as possible, and break up the
ice on the surface of the road and in the
gutters during the winter; 4, to pick up
all loose stones, break them, and pile
them in regularly shaped piles on the
side of the road, ready for use in repair-
ing ruts and holes; 5, to keep the mile-
posts in good order; 6, to take care of the
trees bordering the road.

The six adjacent cantonniers form @
squad called a brigade, which is under a
foreman known as a cantonnier-chef, and
forms the unit of working force. Several
brigades are placed under the charge of
a conducteur, or superintendent, who has
charge of a section of forty to fifty miles
of road, for the good order of which he
is responsible, and every part of which
he must inspect and report upon twice a
month. Several sections are placed under
an engineer, who has charge of all the
roads in an arrondissement, or township,
and must inspect every part of them once
in three months. Finally, the engineer-
in-chief has charge of all the roads in the
department, or province, eighty-seven of
which constitute the territory of France.

During the winter, when the repairs
are heavy, and whenevera general re-
surfacing of the road is undertaken, the
regular cantonniers are assisted by auxil-
iary labor hired for the time being. The
broken stone required for such werk is
furnished by contract.

{CONCLUDED NEXT WEEK. ]

 

 

Perfection Scale.

The Latest Improved and Best,

 

Does Not Require

Will Soon Save Its Cost on any Counter,
For sale by leading wholesale grocers.

 

 

 

The Michigan Tradesman

 

 

AMONG THE TRADE.

GRAND RAPIDS GOSSIP.
Theo. C. Harnish has bought out the
Peninsular Electrical Co.

Chas. A. Hesse has opened a hardware
store at 705 South Division street.

W. W. Empey succeeds Geo. Hermance
in the grocery business at 113 West
Bridge street.

F. J. & J. W. Triel succeed Chas. Bax-
ter in the grocery business on North
Division street.

S. N. Watson & Co. is succeeded by
Neil Malloy in the boot and shoe business
on Monroe street.

F. B. Sauerbier has opened a grocery
store at Big Rapids. Lemon & Peters
furnished the stock.

M. E. Lapham, late of Champaign, Ils.,
has opened a flour and feed store at 165
West Bridge street.

Wm. Mears has engaged in the grocery
business an Boyne Falls. Lemon &
Peters furnished the stock.

Frank H. Escott’s drug store was

closed Saturday on a mortgage held by
the former owner, Wm. H. Tibbs.

 

Samuel Lyon has secured a lease of the
store at 66 South Canal street, Chicago,
where he will locate about the 1st of next
month.

John Quigg has engaged in the grocery
business at the corner of First and Stock-
ing streets. Lemon & Peters furnished
the stock.

The Grand Rapids Fruit and Produce
Co. paid out $8,000 for apples to the
farmers in the vicinity of Herrington this

season. W. R. Mayo worked the country
end of the deal.
A. Hyde, the Summit City lumber

manufacturer, has established a lumber,
wood and coal yard at the corner of God-
win avenue and the D., L. & N. Railway,
placing G. W. Clark in charge as manager.

G. C. Oswald, for the past two years
traveling representative in this State for
M. Steel, the Milwaukee broom manu-
facturer, has purchased a_ one-fourth
interest in the wholesale confectionery
establishment, of Wm. R. Keeler, at 412
South Division street. The new firm will
be known as Wm. R. Keeler & Co.

 

AROUND THE STATE.
Newaygo—A. V. Thompson has opened
a grocery store.

Paris—Lewis Stroup has opened a
blacksmith shop.
Detroit—J. D. Ross succeeds T. W.

Marr in the drug business.

Cheboygan—Geo. Jordan has engaged
in the restaurant business.

Bedford—Eugene Jordan succeeds O.
A. Nichols in general trade.

Maybee—Joseph Klotz, general dealer,
has assigned to John Davis.

Iron Mountain—J. W. Hoose has sold
his meat business to R. King.

Crystal—H. J. Beach succeeds Hamil-
ton & Beach in general trade. Ht

— Olson has gpened:
a feed store at 23 Hudson street. na

Morrice—A. B. Clark & Co. succeed, ©.
Booth in the hardware business. ‘’ «¢ 4

Sutton’s Bay—H. & J. Deuster, general
dealers, have made an assignment.

Elk Rapids—Wm. Higgins wiJl open a
fruit, confectionery and cigar store.

Lake Odessa—F. E. Sargent has pur-
chased H. L. Bailey’s hardware stock.

Battle Creek—J. C. Duel succeeds S. 5S.
Guthrie in the cigar and fruit business

East Saginaw—Tyler & Secord have
purchased Wm. Smith’s picture business

Sault Ste. Marie—Ryan & Baker suc-
ceed Ryan & Royce in the drug business.

Bad Axe—L. C. Carpenter succeeds L.
C. Carpenter & Co. in the drug business.

Reading—Cook & Mead succeed Cook
& Fitzsimmons in the hardware business.

Gobleville—J. H. Harris, of Allegan,
has bought L. D. Hiram’s stock of gro-
ceries.

Buechanan—The Rural flour mill, owned
by Rough Bros. and L. F. Fox, burned
Oct. 22.

Detroit—The liabilities of A. Loranger
& Co. are $57,803.29 and the assets are
$26,431.93.

Morley—Mrs. Ella Houston, of Kala-
mazoo, will opena millinery establish-
ment here.

Hersey—J. R. Ladd has closed out his
stock of groceries and will clerk for John
Finkbeiner.

Cannonsburg—J. P. Deegan is closing
out his grocery stock and wiil move to
Grand Rapids.

Bedford—Wm. Doy has purchased a
one-half interest in Chas. H. Ederle’s tin
and hardware business.

Martin—Isaae Austin has bought an
interest in the fruit evaporator, in com-
pany with Frank Kent.

Clarksville—J. B. Post will erect a
large building soon, to be used as an
agricultural warehouse.

Muskegon—M. Corey & Co. have moved
their general stock from 38 Amity street
to 5 East Western avenue.

Allegan—Fenn & Seery, manufacturers
of fanning mills, have dissolved. A. B.
Seevy continues the business.

>
ee

Tustin—Geo. S. Clark has sold his
blacksmith shop to Geo. Deuel. Mr.
Clark will move to Kingston.

Shelby — Hanover & Vandyke will
oceupy the Twining building with their
merchant tailoring establishment.

Cedar Springs—A. E. Gleason & Co.
have closed their jewelry stock and will
remove the same to Grand Rapids.

Chelsea—The store of D. D. Durgy,
which has been doing business two weeks,
has been closed on mortgage proceedings.

Muskegon — Chas. Mattoon and A.
Hitchcock have purchased Wm. Henry &
Sons’ meat market at 8 Western avenue.

Muskegon—The Heap Patent Earth
Closet Co. has awarded the contract for
building its new factory to M. W. Decker.

Big Rapids—Proceedings in foreclosure
have been begun against the Big Rapids
lron Works Co. on a mortgage for $3,500.

Berlin—D. E. Copper has closed out
his grocery stock to Norman Harris, of
Big Springs, and retired from business.

Lake Odessa—Teeple, Trice & Co., of
Caseade, have rented the building of L.
Cass and will putin a stock of bazaar
goods.

*Muskegon—Latimer & Seitzer, lime
dealers, have dissolved partnership.
The business will be continued by Mr.
Seitzer. ,

Whitehall—Jake Freehling has closed
out his dry goods business here and will
re-engage in trade at 240 Division street,
Chicago.

Flint—The firm of M. E, Carlton & Bro.,
book and stationery dealers, has dissolved.
T. Elmer E. Carlton will goto Washington
Territory.

Cheshire—Chas. Schofield is closing
out his grocery stock preparatory to en-
gaging in business in the northern part
of the State.

Morrice—The hardware stock of P.
Booth has been purchased by A. B. Clark
& Co., bankers and hardware and furni-
ture dealers.

Allegan—The mill on Swan Creek,
which has been run by Marsh & Chiches-
ter, has been sold at mortgage sale to F.
E. Fish for $300.

Detroit—The Adams Ear-phone Sup-
port Co., to make telephone supporters,
has been incorporated with a capital
stock of $100,000.

Charlotte—Wm. P. Wyman, of Chip-
pewa Lake, has purchased Thos. J.
Green’s hardware stock. Mr. Green con-
templates going west.

Rockford—Dr. A. G. Goodson, formerly
engaged in the drug business at Kal-
kaska, Allegan, Pierson and a dozen
other places, has opened out here.

Cadillac—Geo. A. Cummer has sold his
interest in the grocery firm of Cummer &
Olsen to John A. Gustafson. The new
firm will be known as Olsen & Gustafson.

Hudson—Cal. Richards has associated
himself with R. A. Beach in the boot and
shoe business. The business will be con-
ducted under the firm name of R. A
Beach & Co.

Grand Haven—Fred A. Hutty has
bought the drug stock formerly belong-
ing to Hutty & Dickinson and will con-
tinue the business at the old stand under
his own name. U

Muskegous—N,'G. Vand ‘erlinebe cas pur-
titiged the: sndértaking - stock of "Hetz &
Hobenstéif, and w ill move it tu his:fitzni-
jure. stor & ands ombine the: jindertaking
“usiness’ Ww ith that he’ now carries on.

Charlotte—Geo. J. Barney has sold out
his boot and shoe business to C. R. and
Fred H. Williams, brothers, formerly of
Ypsilanti, but later in business, respec-
tively, in Salina, Kan., and in Chicago.

Howard City—E. G. Pipp has shipped
his hardware and tinware stock to Brigh-
ton, where it will be consolidated with
his father’s hardware stock. He will
continue the manufacture of boots and
shoes at this place.

Cedar Springs—Spooner & Moore, gener-
al dealers, have dissolved partnership,
each continuing alone. John A. Spooner
will carry on the clothing, hat and cap
and grocery while John M.
Moore will carry on the dry goods and
boot and shoe business. The double store
occupied by the former firm will be con-
verted into two stores by the closing of
the archways.

business,

 

MANUFACTURING MATTERS.

Millett—Woodward & Underhill started
their feed mill last week.

Muskegon—A. V. Mann & Co.
running theirsawmill Oct. 29.

Holland—Agnes P. Scott succeeds B.
L. Scott in the lumber business.

Charlotte—E. Shepherd; jr., succeeds
Shepherd & Kimberly in the lumber busi-
ness.

Deerfield—Chas. Cumming’s shingle
mill resumed operations the first of this
week.

Lake Odessa—King, Quick & King
have sold their lumber yard to Horace
Robinson.

Ishpeming — After being idle seven
years, the Excelsior furnace will resume
operations.

Detroit—The Rogers Furniture Co. has
been incorporated, with a capital stock
of $68,000.

Freesoil—R. B. Gibson uttered a mort-
gage for $15,000 on his shingle mill and
then assigned.

Manistee—J. H. Hagaman, of Racine,
Wis., succeeds N. W. Nelson as secretary
of the Filertown Manufacturing Co.

began

 

 

Ypsilanti—Hay & Todd are putting
new machinery in their woolen mill,
which will require an additional force
of 200.

Muskegon—The Muskegon Shingle &
Lumber Co.’s mill began operations Oct.
28, and will run the remainder of the
season.

Hart—John Moore, whose sawmill in
Elbridge township recently burned, has
bought the B. Moore mill and is fitting it
up for business.

Detroit—John Clee, of the Star Miner-
al Co., operating here and at Wyandotte
asks that a receiver be appointed and the
company dissolved.

Au Sable—It is intimated that the mill
of H. M. Loud & Sons will be kept in
operation during the winter months, saw-
ing hardwood lumber.

Detroit—The Ontario Mining Co. of
Boston, in which Hoyt Post own 200
shares, has been incorporated with a
capital stock ef $250,000.

Lowell—Frank D. Tarleton has sold
his creamery to J. O. Chapin, who will
operate the establishment all winter, be-
ginning operations Nov. 1.

Chippewa Lake—Wm. Maynard’s saw-
mill and lumber yard has been destroyed
by fire. Loss about $7,500; no insurance.
Mr. Maynard will rebuild at once.

Hastings—Bentley Bros. & Wilkins
have secured the contract for the build-
ing of the whip factory. The work will
be completed in about three weeks.

Saginaw—S. S. Wilhelm will build a
small mill in town 21, range 1, west, in
Ogemaw county, for the purpose of man-
ufacturing 15,000,000 feet of timber.

Detroit—Edw. Huebner, Jr., has re-
tired from the Huebner Mfg. Co., manu-
facturing sash, doors and blinds. The
remaining partners continue the busi-
ness under the same style.

Alpena—J. M. Johnson will tear down
his old grist mill, move the machinery to
Atlanta, Montmorency county, and build
here a stone mill with roller process
plant, having a capacity of fifty barrels
a day.

Bay City—Rust Bros. & Co. will cut at
their two mills about the same quantity
of lumber as last season, when the out-
put reached 29,330,000 feet, and they will
put in a full stock of logs the coming
winter.

Marcellus—The full amount has been
subscribed for the new flouring mill, and
100,000 brick have been engaged from
Lambert & Milliman. The mill will be
built in early spring, having a capacity
of 100 barrels a day.

Gladwin—J. H. Baker, who runs a saw
and shingle mill about six miles from
this village, lately sold 500,000 feet of
basswood, delivered on cars, at $18 for
first and seconds, $13 for common, and

7 for shipping culls.

Bear Lake—Hopkins & Bunton, whose
sawmill was burned a few days ago, have,
on the old site, began a new mill on an
enlarged scale, to have a capacity of
59,000 feet and to be ready by next
March. Hemlock and hardwood will be
sawed.

Bay City—A local operator expresses
the opinion that there will be but little
margin on lumber this year in the cargo
market, when the balance is drawn at
the close of the year, particularly for
small operators. Stumpage is high, and
the cost of lumbering will leave little for
the small fry.

Big Rapids—J. Stillwell & Son uttered
a chattel mortgage for $3,000 in favor of
Wm. Van Loo and the Northern National
Bank, to secure them for money borrowed,
and the following day their stock was
seized on an attachment for $413.15,
issued at the instance of the Crescent
Furniture Manufacturing Co.

West Bay City—The Eddy Transporta-
tion Co. has contracted for the building
of a monstrous schooner by F. W. Wheeler
& Co. The new boat will be 240 feet long,
39 feet beam, and 19 feet depth of hold,
lt will take about 600,000 feet of oak.
board measure, to complete her. She will
tow behind the steambarge C. A. Eddy.

East Saginaw—Some months ago L. D
Sanborn purchased of Sibley & Bearinger
50,000,000 feet of pine on the Au Gres
river for $325,000. The timber is tribu-
tary to the Loon Lake branch of the De-
troit, Bay City & Alpena Railway. Mr.
Sanborn has built two miles and a half
of logging railroad and has commenced
cutting the timber. He proposes to cut
25,000,000 feet this winter and next sum-
mer, and will begin shipping the logs by
rail to Saginaw this week. The entire
50,000,000 feet will be railed to the mill
of Green, Ring & Co. here.

Grayling—Salling, Hanson & Co. re-
cently purchased what is known as the
Bagley mill property, at Bagley, on the
Mackinaw division of the Michigan Cen-
tral, owned by H. Mellen, of Romeo. The
mill has a capacity of about 5,000,000,
and the purchasers will remove it next
spring to a point in Charlton township,
Otsego county, on the Bagley Branch
railroad, where they own 6,000 acres
which is estimated to contain 50,000,000
feet of timber, principally hardwood.
The new mill of this firm, at this place,
has cut about 25,000,000 feet this season.

 

STRAY FACTS.
Flint—Although this place was once
one of the most important lumber pro-

 

ducing points in Michigan, over 10,000,-
000 feet is now railed to this city to
supply a planing mill and the local trade.

Hermansville — This town, which is
owned principally by Hon. C. J. L. Myer
and is named after his youngest son, Her-
man, is having something of a boom just
now. Mr. Meyer has invested about
$200,000 here this season in improving
his sawmill plant, and expects to build
200 houses for his men this winter, in
addition to the seventy-five built this
summer. His hardwood mill is now turn-
ing out 10,000 feet of flooring and if the
output were 30,000 feet it would find
ready sale.

——_— 4
Interview with the State Bank Com-
missioner.

State Bank Commissioner Sherwood
was in the city last Tuesday and was
seen by a reporter of THE TRADESMAN.
When asked how the state and savings
banks were disposed to regard the new
law, Mr. Sherwood stated that, so far as
he could judge by the attitude of the
bankers, the law was well regarded—
that the only regret appeared to be that
such a measure was not put into effect
years ago.

‘Will you have any amendments to
the law to suggest at the next session of
the Legislature ?’’ asked the reporter.

“Yes,’’? replied the Commissioner. ‘‘I
shall urgently recommend that all pri-
vate banks be placed under the control
of the department, to the end that all
financial depositories may have the at-
tention of proper inspecting and examin-
ing ofticers--either state or national. Such
an amendment would impel many pri-
vate banks to become incorporated, es-
pecially if the capital stock required
in towns of 1,000 population or under
was placed at $15,000 and the number of
directors required reduced to three.”’

‘‘Will you also recommend placing the
building and loan associations under the
control of the department ?’’

‘Such should be done, unquestionably;
but I do not feel like advising it, just at
present. The people would probably
not favor such amove now, as we have
never had a failure among any of these
associations, but as soon as a crash oc-
curs, a sentiment will undoubtedly de-
velop in favor of state supervision.”’

‘Ts the business of the state banks in
a satisfactory condition ?’’

“Generally speaking, yes. Whilethere
are some notable exceptions, the banks,
as arule, are doing a safe business and
making money. My clerk met me at the
depot as I passed through Lansing this
morning and informed me that a com-
pilation he had just completed from the
October reports showed that the fifty-
eight savings banks of the State had only
a fraction less than 98,000 depositors.
This I consider an exceptional record,
considering the comparative newness of
the State and the comparative scarcity of
savings banks.’’

“Purely Personal.

Fred Ball spent Sunday with friends
in Detroit.

Dr. H. C. Peckham, the Freeport drug-
gist, was in town Saturday.

J. L. Handy, the Boyne City druggist,
was in town several days last week, buy-
ing winter goods.

Miss Eva Spencer, sister of G. A.
Spencer, the Peach Belt general dealer,
was in town on Monday.

Chas. Kernan, buyer for the Converse
Manufacturing Co., of Newaygo, was in
town one day last week.

H. E. Hogan,the South Boardman gener-
al dealer, was in town three or four days
last week, buying winter goods.

Ashley & Bennett, the new dry goods
dealers at Howard City, were represented
in = a one day last week.

W. N. Hutchinson, the Ashland furni-
ture = hardware dealer, was in town
last week undergoing treatment for rheu-
matism.

Dr. Chas. 8. Hazeltine and wife spent

Sunday with Capt. Perkins, at Hender-
son, Ky. They expect to return home
Thursday.

Jno. B. Beavis, of the firm of Jno. B.
Beavis & Co., hardwood lumber manu-
facturers near Hart, was in town last
Saturday on his way to Chicago, where
he expects to spend a couple of weeks.

Wm. Widdicomb and wife have returned
from athree weeks’ sojourn at Gettys-
burg, Fredericksburg and Fortress Mon-
roe, reviving memories of wartime and
recalling the incidents of a quarter of a
century ago. Mr. Widdicomb was able
to locate the positions of his company
and regiment in the three days’ battle
at Fredericksburg, an opportunity which
afforded his great pleasure.

—— 2
The ‘‘ Patrons of Toil.’’

A division has already occurred in the
ranks of the Patrons of Industry, several
of the old-time organizers of the move-
ment having branched out on their own
hook with a scheme which they call
‘* Patrons of Toil.’’ It is understood that
the organic work of the new scheme is
very similar to the old swindle, the only
difference being that the charter fees and
per capita dues goto another set of fel-

lows than the Port Huron sharpers.
i

L. M. Mills will extend his Lake shore
trip to Bear Lake, Onekama and Frank-
fort ‘ereafter.

 

 

P. of I. Gossip.

P. I. is now construed to mean
fect Idiot.’’

Up around Pierson they call the P. I.’s
“Pink Ps.7;

Over around Port Huron they construe
P. I. to stand for ‘‘Peak at Invoice.’’

Big Rapids Herald: ‘‘A little fracas
occurred the other day in front of Haney’s
store, between two young P. of I.’s.
After a few knocks, the pair were sepa-
rated without having done much damage
to each other.’’

A Mecosta correspondent writes:
‘*Parks Bros. have not been accepted by
the Patrons of Industry of this place as
hardware merchants. J. Netzorg is en-
deavoring to capture the P. I. trade in
this vicinity by selling for 10 per cent.
profit.’’

Stanwood correspondence Big Rapids
Current (which paper pronounces in
favor of the P. of 1.): ‘‘Theinitiation P. I.
dance at the hotel last Friday night was
a grand affair, as far as whisky and
fights. were concerned. We think the
authorities had better investigate.’’

Hilliards correspondence Allegan Jour-
nal: ** Patrons of Industry are trying to
form a branch here, with but little suc-
cess as yet. It is a matter that all will
do well to weigh well before stepping
into it, as the old adage might apply here
in a number of cases, ‘a fool and his
money is soon parted.’ ”’

East Fork correspondence Evart Re-
view: ‘An apostle of the P. of I. held
two meetings at the Sage school house
last week, but got only six to bite on the
golden bate held out by him of only 10
per cent. His harangue was seasoned
too much with Anarchist Hay Market
slang and denunciation to suit the mas-
ses here.’’

Referring to the recent gathering of
the clans at Big Rapids, the Herald re-
marks: ‘*There seemed to be no head
to the gathering, and the expected big
parade, through some blunder, made a
very poor show, by some being taken for
a fair sized delegation. There were
enough teams and vehicles in town then
to have made quite an imposing gather-
mg?

Palo correspondence Ionia Standard:
‘““The P. of I.’s are running in full blast
in Bloomer. Their motto is ‘Cash for
goods,’ but the other night the secretary
of the society came to one of our Palo
dealers and wanted to get trusted for oil
to light their hall with. The dealer
thought it a good plan for them to seek
eredit where they pay their cash. The
secretary went out with probably a little
more light in his heart, but none for his
lamps.”’

Big Rapids Bulletin: ““The P. of L
convention transacted no other business
than already mentioned. Thesame trad-
ing committees were continued in force,
and instructions given to again invite
and consider propositions from certain
merchants to sell goods at10 per cent.
above wholesale cost. It cropped out
that many of the Patrons are dissatisfied
with the present president, and will insist
on Wm. Ladner being put at the head of
the county organization.’’

Dorr correspondence Allegan Journal:
‘** There have been one or two men around
among the farmers east and southeast of
here trying to organize a lodge of the
Patrons of Industry. It is certainly a
poor move for those who join, and they
will certainly find it so. The scheme
ranks with the lightning rod and Bo-
hemian oat schemes. Anyone wishing
to know the inwardness of the game and
where the Grand Lodge dues go to, should
read THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN for
September and October. Theygcan see
how three men are getting vast sums out
of hard-earned cash of the farmers, and
what the past record of these three men
We see no permanent benefit to the
farmer in this movement. It only com-
pels him to trade with one merchant in
a place and thus drives out all others and
this leaves the P. of I. merchant with the
whole trade in kis power. He can
then, by duplicate invoices, ete., fill his
coffers far faster than when there is
plenty of free competition.’’

a
The P. & B. cough drops give great

satisfaction.
——_—_—_—~+._ 2 ___-
American butter carried off the honors
at the Paris exposition. The sweep-
stakes gold medal for the best butter
was awarded to an exhibit from the Green
Mountain Stock Farm at Randolph, Vt.

‘Per-

is.

 

 

P cost Pte

(Formerly Shriver, Weatherly & Co.)

CONTRACTORS FOR

Galvanized Iron Cornice,
Plumbing & Heating Work.

Dealers in

Pipes, Etc., Mantels
and Grates.

 

 

Pumps,

Weatherly & Pulte,

GRAND RAPIDS, - -

MICH.

 

FOR SALE, WANTED, ETC.

 

Advertisements will be inserted under this head for
two cents a word the first insertion and one centa
word for each subsequent insertion. No advertise-
ment taken for less than 25 cents. Advance payment.

BUSINESS CHANCES.

SALE—AN INTEREST IN SHOE STORE—OR
will join stocks with a good shoe man; old estab-
lished business and best location in city. Address
“Shoes,” care Tradesman, Grand Rapids, Mich. 524
Oe AND FINE PROPERTY FOR GOOD MERCAN-
tile establishment. C. E. Barnd, Fostoria, Ohio.
525
OR SALE—DRUG STOCK IN NORTHERN MICHI-
gan, doing good business; inventory about $2,200;
satisfactory reasons for selling. Address No. 523,
care Michigan Tradesman. 523
OR SALE—THE FINEST DRUG STORE IN THE
city of Muskegon at 75 cents on the dollar; reasons
other business. C. L. Brundage, Muskegon Mich.

 

 

OR

 

 

OR SALE—A GOOD GROCERY BUSINESS HAVING
the cream of the trade; best location in the city;
stock clean and well assorted; this is a rare chance for
any one to geta good paying business; poor health
the only reason. Address S. Stern, Kalamazoo, Mich.
e 518
OR SALE—STOCK OF HARDWARE—WITH OR
without store building; an excellent chance fora
wide-awake party; good reasons given for selling.
Address at once Box 99, Fowler, Mich. 516
ANTED—MERCANTILE BUSINESS IN EXCHANGE
for cash and prime property. C. G. Barnd, a
toria, Ohio.
OR SaLE—DRUG STORE AND STOCK SITU ies ie
a lumbering town; good farming country around,
avery desirable place’ for a good physician. Address
Box 442, Alpena, Mich. 509

OR SALE—GROCERY STOCK IN GOOD LOCATION
Willinventory $700 to $800 and doing a business
of about $13,000. Address No. 502, care ee

 

 

 

 

 

MISCELLANEOUS.

VOR SALE—DRAFT TEAM 5 YEARS OLD — DARK
gray; well matched; weight 3,100 pounds. Address
M. W. Willard, Kinney. Mich. 522
ANTED—TO EXCHANGE KANSAS LANDS AND
real estate for a stock of groceries and general
merchandise. Address No. 517, care Michigan Trades
man. 517

 

 

FOR SALE.

Portable Sawmill with Engine and
Boiler, capacity 5,000 to 10,000. feet per
day, $600. One stationary boiler and
engine, 30 horse power, $600. One set
Stearns’ eccentric head blocks with
winged knees, $100; or with both wing
and single standard oe $150. One
top saw rig, adjustible, $25. All of the
above in good condition and offered for
sale for want of use, not because they
are worn out. Terms, cash, or time with
good security. Address No. 527, eare
Michigan Tradesman. 527

 

 

 

FA. Wurzburg & Go.

Exclusive Jobbers of

DRY GOODS, HOSIERY,

 

 

ANTED—SEND A POSTAL TO THE SUTLIFF COU-
pon Pass Book Co., Albany, N. Y., for samples
of the new Excelsior Pass Book, the most complete
and finest on the market and just what every mer-
chant should have progressive merchants all over the
country are now using them.
ANTED—1,000 MORE MERCHANTS TO ADOPT OUR
Improved Coupon Pass Book System. Send for
samples. E. A. Stowe & Bro., Grand Rapids. 14
OR SALE—GOOD RESIDENCE LOT ON ONE OF
the most pleasant streets ‘‘on the hill.”” Will ex-

 

 

change for stock in any good institution. Address 286,
286

care Michigan Tradesman.

 

 

PRESS FOR SALE.

A 7x11 Prouty press,

Call on or address
FULLER & STOWE COMPANY,

100 Louis St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

with steam fix- !
tures, good as new, for sale at a bargain. |

 

GRAND RAPIDS,

 

 

NOTIONS, UNDERWEAR,

 

 

 

19 & 21 SOUTH DIVISION ST.,

MICH.

 

 

 

 

 

P. Steketee & Sons,

WHOLESALE DRY GOODS.

Sell the following well-known
brands of calico:

ALLEN’S, AMERICANS,
WASHINGTON’S, WINDSORS,
RIVERPOINT, STEEL RIVER,
CHARTER OAK, ANCHOR,

IMPERIAL BLACK

BERLIN SOLIDS,

SIMPSON’S, HAMILTON’S,
MERRIMAC, COCHECO,

ST. LEDGER, EDYSTONE,
FRANKLIN, HARMONY,

SLATER SOLIDS,

COCHECO SOLIDS, SUTAN SOLIDS, SATIN STYLES OF SIMPSON & GARNER.
Also Comforts at All Prices.

83 Monroe and 10, 12. 1“ 16 & 18 Fountain Sts.
Grand Rapids.

 

  
   
   
  
 

IF YOU WANT

The Best

ACCEPT

iver Thread

Sauerkraut.

Order this brand from
your wholesale grocer.

NONE BUT

 

 

 

Merchants,
YOU WANT THIS CABINET

Thousands of Them

Are in use all over the land.

often seen on the floor of the average grocer.
varnished and put together in the best possible manner.

It does away with the unsightly barrels so

Beautifully grained and
Inside each

cabinet will be found one complete set of castors with screws.

 

Kvery Wide-Awake Merchant

Should Certainly Sell

ON, THE KING OF COFFEES,

An Article of Absolute Merit.

It is fast supplanting the scores of inferior roasted coffees.
Put up in 100-lb cases, also in cabinets of
For sale by the wholesale trade everywhere.

only in one pound packages.
120 one-pound packages.

Packed

Shipping depots in all first-class cities in the United States.

Woolson Spice Co.,

TOLEDO, OHIO.

L. WINTFERNITZ, Resident Agent, Grand Rapids.

 

 

 

 

 

ASSOCIATION DEPARTMENT.

Michigan Business Men’s Association.

President—C. L. Whitney, Muskegon.

First Vice-President—C. T. Bridgeman, Flint.

Second Vice-President—M. C. Sherwood, Allegan.

Secretary—E. A. Stowe, Grand Rapids.

Treasurer—H. W. Parker, Owosso.

Executive Board—President; Frank Wells, Lansing;
Frank Hamilton, Traverse City; N. B. Blain, Lowell
Chas. T. Bridgeman, Flint; 0. F. Conklin, Grand
Rapids, Secretary.

Committee on Insurance—O. F. Conklin, Grand Rap
ids; Oren Stone, Flint; Wm. Woodard, Owosso.

Committee on Legislation—Frank Wells, Lansing;
H. H. Pope, Allegan; C. H. May, Clio.

Committee on Trade Interests—Frank Hamilton, Trav
erse City: Geo. R. Hoyt, Saginaw; L. W. Sprague,
Greenville.

Committee on Transportation—C. T. Bridgeman, Flint;
M. C. Sherwood, Allegan; A. O. Wheeler, Manistee.
Committee on Building and Loan Associations—N. ‘B.
Blain, Lowell; F. L. Fuller, Cedar Springs; P. J. Con

nell, Muskeger.

Local Secretary—Jas. H. Moore, Saginaw.

Official Organ—THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN.

 

 

 

The following auxiliary associations are oper-
ating under charters granted by the Michigan
Business Men’s Association’

 

Ne. 1—Traverse City B. M. A.
President. J. W. Milliken; Secretary, E. W. Hastings.
No. 2—Lowell B. M.A.
President, N. B. Plain; Secretary, Frank T. King.
No. 3—Sturgis B. M.A.
President, H. 8. Church; Secretary, Wm. Jorn.

 

No. 4—Grand Rapids M. A.
President, E. J. Herrick; Secretary, E. A. Stowe.
No. 5—Muskegon B. M. ‘a
President, John A. Miller; Secretary, C. L. Whitney.
No. 6—Alba &. M. A.
President, F. W. Sloat; Secretary, P. T. Baldwin.
No. 7—Dimondale B. M. A.
President, T. M. Sloan; Secretary, N. H. Widger.
No. 8—Eastport B. M. A.
President, F. H. Thursten; Secretary, Geo. L. Thurston.
No, 9—Lawrence B. M. A,
President, H. M. Marshall; Secretary, J. H. Kelly.

No. 10—Harbor Springs B. M. A.
President, W. J. Clark; Secretary, A. L. Thompson.
Secs llr ne SSS a

No.11—Kingsley B. M. A.
President, H. P. Whivple: Secretary, D. E. Wynkoop. _
Ee ——
No. 12—Quincy B. M.A.
President, C. McKay; Secretary, Thos. Lennon.
No. 13—Sherman B, M. A. i
President, H. B. Sturtevant; Secretary, W- J. Austin.

No. 14—No. Muskegon B. M. A.
President, 8. A. Howey: Secretary, G. C. Havens.
Ce as

No. 15— Boyne City B. M. A.
President, R. R. Perkins; Secretary, F. M. Chase.
ee

No. 16—Sand Lake B. M. A.
President, J. V. Crandall; Secretary, W. Rasco.

No. 17—Plainwell B. M. a.
President. Geo. H. Anderson; Secretary, J. A. Sidle.

No. 18—Owosso B. M, A.
President, Warren P. Woodard; Secretary, S. Lamfrom.
:
No. 19—Ada B. M. A.

President, D. F. Watson; Secretary, E. E. Chapel.

No. 20—Saugatuck B. M. A.
President, John F. Henry; Secretary, N. L. Rowe.
ee . i

 

 

 

 

No. 21—Wayland B. M. A.
President, C. H. Wharton; Secretary, M. V. Hoyt.
No. 22—Grand Ledge B. M. A.
President, A. B. Schumacher; Secretary, Ww. R. Clarke.

 

 

 

No 23—Carson City B. M. A.
President, John W. Hallett: Secretary, L. Av Lyon.
No. 24—Morley B. M.A.
President, J. E. Thurkow; Secretary, W. H. Richmond.
No. 25—Paio B. M. A,
President, H. D. Pew: Secretary, Chas. B. Johnson.
No. 26—Greenville 8. M. A.
President. A. C. Satterlee: Secretary, E. J. Clark.
President. +.
No 27—Dorr B.M. A.
President, E. S. Botsford; Secretary, L. N. Fisher.
No. 28—Cheboygan B. M. A
President, A. J. Paddock; Secretary, H. G. Dozer.
No. 29—Freeport B.M. A.
President, Wm. Moore; Secretary, A.J. Cheesebrough.
No. 30—Oceana B. M. A.
President, A.G. Avery; Secretary, E. 8. Houghtaling.
No. 31—Charlotte B. M. A.
President, Thos. J. Green; Secretary, A. G. Fleury.
No. 32—Coopersville B. M. A.
President, W. G. Barnes; Secretary, J. B. Watson.
No. 33—Charlevoix BK. M, A.
President, L. D. Bartholomew; Secretary, R. W. Kane.
No. 34—Saranac B. M. A. _
President, H. T. Johnson; Secretary, P. T. Williams.

 

 

No. 35—Bellaire B. M. A.
President, H. M. Hemstreet; Secretary, Ce one
~ Ne. 36—Ithaca B. M. A.
President, O. F. Jackson; Secretary, John M. Everden.
No. 37—Battle Creek B. M. A.
President, Chas. F. Bock; Secretary, E. W. Moore.
No. 38—Scottville B. M. A.
President, H. E. Symons: Secretary, D. W. Higgins.
No. 39 —Burr Oak B. M. A.
President, W. S. Willer; Secretary, F. W. Sheldon.
No. 40—Eaton Rapids B. M. A.
President, C. T. Hartson; Secretary, Will Emmert.
No. 41—Breckenridge B. M. A.
President, CH. Howd; Secretary, L. Waggoner.
No. 42—Fremont B. M. A.
President, Jos. Gerber; Secretary Cc. J. Rathbun.
No. 43—Tustin B. M.A. __
President, Frank J. Luick; Secretary, J. A. Lindstrom.
No. 44—Reed City B. M. A.
President, E. B. Martin; Secretary, W. H. Smith.

No. 45—Hoytville B. M. A.
President, D. E. Hallenbeck; Secretary, O. A. Halladay.
No. 46—Leslie B. M. A.

President, Wm. Hutchins; Secretary, B. | M. Gould.
No. 47—Flint M. U.
President, W. C. Pierce; Secretary, W. 4H. Graham.
No. 48—Hubbardston B. M. A.
President, Boyd Redner; Secretary, W. J. Tabor.
No. 49—Leroy B M. A.
President, A. Wenzell; Secretary. Frank Smith.
No. 50—Manistee B. M. A.
President, A. O. Wheeler; Secretary,C. Grannis.
No. 51—Cedar Springs B. M. A.
President, L. M. Sellers; Secretary, Ww. C. Congdon.

 

 

 

 

No. 52—Grand Haven B. M. A.
President, A. 8. Kedzie; Secretary, ¥. D. Vos.
No, 53—Bellevue B. M. A.
President, Frank Phelps; Secretary, A. E. Fitzgerald.
No. 54— Douglas B. M. A.
President, Thomas B. Dutcher; Secretary, Cc. B. Wailer.
No. 55—Peteskey B. M. A.
President, C. F. Hankey; Secretary, A. C. Bowman.
No. 56—Bangor B. M. A.
President, N. W. Drake; Secretary, Geo. Chapman.
No. 57—Rockford B. M. A.
President, Wm. G. Tefft; Secrétary. E. B. Lapham.
No. 58—Fife Lake B. M. A.
President, L. S. Walter; Secretar} ,€.& Blakely.
No. 59—Fennville B. M. A.
President F. 8. Raymond: Secretary, A. J. Capen.
No. 60—South Boardman B. M. A.
President, H. E. Hogan; Secretary, 8. E. Neihardt.
No. 61—Hartford B. M. A.
President, V. E. Manley; Secretary, I. B. Barnes.
No. 62—East saginaw M. A.
President, Jas. H .Moore; Secretary, Cc. W. Mulholand.
No. 63—Evart B. M. A.
President, C. V. Priest; Secretary, C. E. Bell.
No, 64—Merrill B. M. A.
President, C. W. Robertson; Secretary, Wm. Horton.
No. 65—Kalkaska B. M. A.
President, Alf. G. Drake; Secretary, C. 8. Blom.
No. 66—Lansing B. M. A.
President, Frank Wells; Secretary, Chas. Cowles.
No. 67— Watervliet B. M. A.
President, W. L. Garrett; Secretary, F. H. Merrifield.
No. 68—Allegan B. M.A.
President, H. H. Pope; Secretary, E. T. VanOstrand.
No. 69—Scotts and Climax B. M. A.
President, Lyman Clark; Secretary, F. 8. Willison.
No. 70—Nashville B. M. A,
President, Wm. Boston; Secretary, Walter Webster.
No. 71—Ashley B. M. A,
President, M. Netzorg; Secretary, Geo. E. Clutterbuck.
No. 72—Edmore Be A.

No, 73—Belding B. M. A.
President, A. L. Spencer; Secretary, O. F. Webster.
No. 74—Davison M. U.

President, J. F. Cartwright; Secretary. Cc. W. Hurd.

No. 75—Tecumseh B. M. A.
President, Oscar P. Bills; Secretary, F. Rosacraus.

No. 76—Kalamazoo B. M. A.
President, 8. S. McCamly; Secretary, Chauncey Strong.

 

 

 

No. 77—South Haven B. M. A.
President, E. J. Lockwood; Secretary, Volney Ross.
No. 78—Caledonia B. M. A.
President, J. O. Seibert; Secretary, J. W. Saunders.
No. 79_—Hast Jordan and So. Arm B. M. A,
President, Chas. F. Dixon; Secretary, L. C. Madison.

 

 

 

No. 80—Bay City and W. Bay City R. M. A.
President, F. L. Harrison; Secretary, Lee E, Joslyn.
No. 81—Flushing B. M. A.
President. L. A. Vickery; Secretary, A. E. Ransom,
No. 82—Alma B M. A.
President, B. 8. Webb; Secretary, M. E. Pollasky.
No. 83—Sherwood B. M. A.
President, L. P. Wilcox; Secretary, W. R. Mandigo.
No. $4—Standish B. M. A.
President, P. M. Angus; Secretary, D. W. Richardson.
No. 85—Clio B. M.A.
President. J. M. Beeman; Secretary, C. H. May.
No. 86—Millbrook and Blanchard B. M. A.
President. T. W. Preston: Secretary. H. P. Blanchard.

No. 87—Shepherd,B. M. A.
President, H. D. Bent; Secretary, A. W. Hurst.

 

 

 

TWO THINGS LACKING.

 

Why the Patrons of Industry Cannot
be a Success.
CHAPTER VI.

To make the P. of I. a success, two
things are essential — the organization
must attract the better class of farmers
and the dealers who sign with the Patrons
must live up to the spirit of the contract.

The first condition is absolutely essen-
tial to the success of the movement, as
the Patrons start out with the determina-
tion to pay cash for everything they buy,
and only the better class of farmers are
situated so they can pay cash the year
round. Such men are always favored by
the dealer, because they are generally
desirable customers and are entitled to
more consideration than the individual
who runs a long-winded book account,
which he pays with truck which he can-
not dispose of elsewere, but turns over
to his creditor as a last resort. This ex-
plains why the better class of farmers
have not been attracted by the ingenious
clap-trap of the Patrons of Industry, but
have steadily declined to identify them-
selves with the organization, being
satisfied that they can obtain better
prices, quality of goods considered, on
their own account than their deluded
neighbors can through the medium of a
foolish and impotent organization. At
rare intervals a representative farmer is
wheedled into the ranks, but such cases
are about as scarce as hen’s teeth.

Hard as it is to find a representative
farmer in the ranks of the P. of I., it is
very much harder to find a contract dealer
who does as he agrees. Supreme Treas-
urer Krause admitted to a reporter of
THe TRADESMAN that it was next to im-
possible to find a merchant who would
not swindle the Patrons unmercifully,
whenever he had them so completely in
his power, and it is a matter of common
knowledge that, in nine cases out of ten,
the Patrons are paying more for goods
than they ever did before.

Take the case of Henry Strope, at
Morley, for instance: He purports to
sell goods on a basis of 10 per cent. profit.
A dry goods salesman was in the store a
few days ago, but the customers were so
numerous that he couldn’t get a chance
to talk with the owner, who asked him
to step behind the counter and wait on a
customer ortwo. He did as requested and
showed a woman some ticking. Satisfied
with the quality of the goods, she asked
the price—P. I. price, of course—and was
told it was 14 cents a yard. The sales-
man recognized the goods as the same he
had sold the owner of the store for 9
cents a yard. Of course, there isn’t so
much difference between 55 per cent. and
10 per cent., but there is enough to show
the Patron that when he thinks he can
beat the merchant, at the merchant’s own
game, he is handling the gun at the
wrong end.

Take another casein point: A certain
wholesale grocery house sends out a
bundle of blank invoices with each bill
of goods sent to P. of I. dealers, thus
enabling the dealer to figure the ‘‘ cost
price’? anywhere he wants to. A farmer
recently entered a P. of I. store in a
neighboring town and informed the mer-
chant that he would buy five pounds of
tea, if he could be assured that he got it
at 10 per cent. abovecost. The merchant
offered to dicker on that basis, and the
farmer picked out a variety which he
thought would suit the ‘old woman.”’
The merchant went behind his desk and
billed himself a chest of tea at 50 cents
a pound, and the farmer was not shrewd
enough to notice that the ink was still
green when the bill was shown him. He
paid 55 cents a pound and went out as
happy as a basket of chips, telling every-
body what a snap the P. of I. is, and
what an advantage he gained through
being a member of the organization. That
tea cost the merchant 22 cents and his
regular price was only 30 cents a pound !

In the light of the above facts, THE
TRADESMAN believes that the movement
of the Port Huron trio will never be a
suecess for the reasons above given—
neither the membership of the order nor
the contract merchants are composed of
the right material. The leaders of the
movement are sharpers, and the followers,
as aclass, are ignorant and unsophisti-
cated. The dealers are taking advantage
of their opportunity and fairly skinning
the poor devils alive.

—_—»>*->__——-

Good Words Unsolicited.

Cc. L. Glasgow, hardware, Nashville:
good paper. Let her keep coming.”

W. R. Clarke, attorney, Grand Ledge:
the paper.””

or 2
Shoes for a Family.

Father of a Family—How much?

Shoe Dealer (figuring on back of pack-
age)—Pair of shoes for the lady $8,
eldest girl, $5; boy, $3; other girl, $3;
baby, $1.50. Just $20.50, sir. Thanks.
Can’t I show you some shoes for your-
self ?

Father of Family (wearily)—Oh, don’t
bother about me. I can go barefoot.

>.

Attention is called to the advertisement
of sawmill machinery, in another column.
The machinery is in good condition and
the prices named are certainly very low.
The owner of the machinery has no
further use for it, on account of its having
been supplanted by a mill of much larger

“It’s a

*T like

 

 

capacity.

 

The Bonus System.
From the Shoe and Leather Gazette.

The principle of granting bonuses for
the purpose of securing manufacturing
or other business enterprises is receiving
a large degree of attention and discus-
sion. THE MicuIGAN TRADESMAN has
been publishing the views of representa-
tive business men on the subject, and
the weight of argument is decidedly
against the custom. Governor Luce, of
Michigan, writes that ‘tas a whole, it can
hardly prove a profitable investment for
loealities to pay a bonus for the purpose
of securing manufacturing establish-
ments, as the system is liable to secure
investments which cannot prove to be
profitable.’’ Other opinions are to the
effect that the custom is, as a rule, ‘‘un-
wise, unprofitable, wrong in principle
and encouraging to irresponsible men to
seek to obtain something for nothing by
posing as public benefactors.”’

 

The bonus system has spread all over
the country. In New England it flour- |
ishes with the greatest vigor; country
villages offering liberal subsidies in the |
shape of exemption from taxation for
years, of large sums of money, of build-
ing sites and buildings suitable for the
purposes desired. In the case of small
towns, where the location of a manufac-
turing industry would greatly augment |
the population and disburse weekly large |
sums of money in wages, a bonus may pe
offered to responsible parties with a fair
degree of certainty of receiving profitable
returns: butin the rapidly growing towns
of the West and South the conditions are
entirely different, and no such necessity
exists.

Any attempt to securea manufacturing
establishment through taxation of the
people, either by a direct tax or by ex-
emption of the proposed establishment
from taxation, is wrong in principle and
utterly unjustifiable; it is a levying of
taxes on the individual for the benefit of
a corporation that should not be toler-
ated, much less encouraged. If such
establishments are desired, and require a
bonus, the business men of the town
should take a personal interest in and
subscribe to the capital of such enter-
prises as promise satisfactory returns and
are permanent in character, and such a
policy would produce results more last-
ing and beneficial than can be secured by
any system of subsidies.

It is needless to say, however, that the
greatest care must be exercised in deter-
mining the responsibility of the proposed
enterprise. Scores of towns throughout
the country have mourned the sudden
blasting of their fondest hopes of becom-
ing manufacturing centers, as well as
their loss of dollars and cents, by decep-
tion on the part of those to whom they
had given bonuses. Not long since a
thriving little city in Kansas donated a
valuable building site and considerable
cash to certain parties to establish a shoe
factory. A cheap building was erected
and a few shoes were made, when prop-
erty began to advance in value with phe-
nomenal rapidity; finally, the subsidized
gentlemen were offered $15,000 for the
lot on which their building stood, and
they accepted it and made no more shoes
in the thriving Kansas town. Instances |
without number may be cited where giv-
ing a bonus has proven a dead loss to the
donors.

It may be laid down as a rule, with
very few exceptions, that a bonus will
not attract the best class of manufactur-
ing enterprises. Ifa successful concern
desires to change its location to obtain
cheaper raw material or motive power,
or better shipping facilities, or for any
other good reason, the matter of bonus
would exert no influence, for a bonus
without the desired advantages would be
valueless, and if a town possesses the
required facilities a bonus is unnecessary
to secure the enterprise, though, prob-
ably, if tendered by the verdant citizens '
it would not be refused. If it appears)
that it will be profitable to locate an |
enterprise in a town, it will be located |
there without a bonus; and if not profit-|
able, the town will be better off without |
it. If atown possesses valuable manu- |
facturing advantages, the most efficient |
way to secure such enterprises is to judi-|
ciously advertise the town and its claims; }
but the granting of a bonus is a violation
of true business principles, andina as |
majority of cases will prove detrimental |
rather than beneficial to any town. |

 

—_»> > __—_ |
California Prunes and Raisins. |
From the Boston Commercial Bulletin. |
California fruit growers have scored |
another victory in our American markets.
French prune growers are now making |
sales to American importers at from 25 |
to 40 per cent. less than the opening |
prices of last year, as they are thoroughly
convinced that higher prices would simply
pring disaster on their stock, as it did
last year, which was the first year they
did not hold a monopoly of our best
markets.

The Californians are fast making a good
market for their prunes, as they have for
their raisins in the past few years, and
are taking from the foreigners their best
market. The Malaga raisin merchants,
like the French prune dealers, are not
receiving their accustomed high prices
for their goods this year, and will have
to be contented with 20 to 10 per cent.
less than what they have been receiving
in the past few years.

On the Pacific slope are grown unsur-
passable fruits, and with improved
methods of curing and lower rates, the
California rasin and prune cultivators will
eventually control the American markets.

“(>> ___—_
The Hardware Market.
There has been an advance in tin, vary-

ing from 25 to 60 cents per box. Sheet
iron is scarce and higher. The nail mar-
ket still continues to advance. Steel

nails are now quoted by jobbers at $2.45
rates and wire nails at $4.85 rates, but at
the present prices asked by manufac-
turers, another advance is propable.
-—___—_—~—> 2+.
Only One Book Needed.

Those that have not seen Gringhuis’
Itemized Ledger, will do well to send for
Price-list and Ledger Sheet, as it covers
paper, time, labor and eraser. Address
Gringhuis Itemized Ledger Co., Grand
Rapids, Mich.

——_—_—__—~. 2+ <=__

Mrs. Grubb—Have ye any more sugar
like the last ye sint me ?

Grocer (briskly)—Yes, madam, plenty
of it. How much do you want?

 

 

Mrs. Grubb—Don’t want none.

“TRAVERSE POINT.”

 

The Coming Summer Resort of Grand
Traverse Bay.
From the Traverse City Herald.

If there is one thing in this northern
country that our people are proud of more
than another, it is our beautiful Grand
Traverse Bay. And, indeed, there is
reason for it. When a stranger comes
north to this point, after a long, hot day’s
dusty ride in July or August—through
unattractive, half-burned forests of pine,
and over a rough branch road, and as the
final whistle blows, and_the conductor
shouts ‘* Traverse City !’’ the train sweeps
out of the woods and around the curve,
and the wide expanse of blue water with
its forest covered hills, of shores stretch-
ing out to the far horizon line, open
before him, and a breath of pure cool air
from the north sweeps in at the windows,
an involuntary exclamation of delight
and admiration bursts from his lips. The
great, clean bright village at the head
presents its charms next, and they are
appreciated, but the bay soon comes to
the front again, and fascinates and draws
the new comer with an inexpressible
charm. And it is a charm that stays.
Over and over have strangers whose ex-
perience in summer outings has extended
all over the country, declared that they
in thought always come back to Traverse
City and Grand Traverse Bay as the most
beautiful spot of all, the one in which
their fancy paints the most enchanting of
summer homes.

The question is often asked, ‘‘If these
things are so, why has this point so long
been passed by, and why are not the
shores of our beautiful bay before this
dotted with cottages and gay with resorts,
and the great tide of summer travel set-
ting in here, instead of elsewhere 2”? and
the answer has been, ‘The time is com-
ing. but is not yet here.”

But the day for the asking and the
answering of this question is drawing to a
close, and the time of the location of re-
sorts along the great bay has come. All
indications point to a boom in this line,
beginning with 1890. Or that date may
be corrected and read that 1889 sees the
beginning of it already.

A recent purchase of a valuable tract
of land on the bay shore, a few miles
from Traverse City, by Grand Rapids
business men and a resident of our vil-
lage, and that of an adjoining tract by
the Universalists of Michigan, is an im-
portant move in this direction.

Eight miles down the bay, and one
mile north of Marion island, a point of ;
land extends into the bay in a south-
westerly direction about one and a half

 

miles, and is from one quarter to one and |
a quarter miles in width, curving to the |
south to form, with Marion island, a small
bay known as Bower’s Harbor. !

This point was formerly known as |
Tucker’s Point, from its original owner, |
one of the early Mormon settlers, and
afterwards as Emory Point, from Capt.
Wm. Emory, whom all old residents re-
member so well, and remember, too, how
he never tired of talking of its beauties
and of his intentions regarding it.

The extremity of this point, including
126 acres, is the recent purchase men-
tioned. One hundred acres is owned by
the company, prominent members of
which are E. A. Stowe, editor of THE
MicHIGAN TRADESMAN, O. F. Conklin,
of Grand Rapids, and Frank Hamilton,
of Traverse City, who will at once pro-
ceed to plat the same, utilizing every
point for the pleasure of the prospective
owners.

The first thing done will be the making
of a beautiful drive around the entire
point, all within sight of, and in fact,
within a stone’s throw of the water,
while parks, streets and alleys will cross
and recross the point. Following the
shore on the east side southward, the
first level is reached at the beginning of
of this tract, running thirty feet above
the water’s edge, and twelve rods wide,
extending to the extreme point, gradually
widening as it runs north, forming one of |
the prettiest and widest beaches ever
seen on inland waters. It is the inten-
tion of the owners to plat the lots facing
the water around this level plateau, at a
distance of twelve rods from the point of
beginning.

Another thirty foot rise, rather abrupt, !

runs around the point, receding from the

western shore somewhat. Upon the
plateau is the old farm—something like
seventy-five acres, partially covered with
fine hardwood timber, some of it second
growth. This overlooks the water from
both sides, with its passing steamers and
ships with white sails, and to the south
the pretty town with its glistening spires
and the rising smoke from its mills,
dimly seen in the hazy distance, but still
fair to look upon. On either side and
across the bay are the beautiful hills with
their green forests, and overhead the
clear Traverse sky with its golden sun-
shine, from which is poured the pure
bracing northern air, the very breathing
of which makes life worth living.

The boating in Bower’s Harbor is un-
equalled. There is no time in the season
when the smallest craft will not glide
smoothly over the glassy sheet, and the
bathing ground is also the best of its
kind. Aside from two deep water points,
one on each side the point, and with the
farther exception of a few rods of rocky
reef, the. shores for bathing cannot be
excelled. One can walk for rods on the
sandy and shoal bottom before the knees
are touched by the waves. Atthe same
time the deep water points mentioned
allow the ordinary steamboats to run their
noses to within six feet of the shore on
one side, and twenty on the other.

The Universalists will proceed to treat
their property in the same manner as the
private corporation. Their portion is
equally attractive, being, in short, a
part of this beautiful point, having about
twenty-six acres, on the north and west,
along the shore, and also a small tract on
the east, coming down to the eastern
shore of the point. They propose to
gradually develop this into a popular re-
sort for the members of their denomina-
tion throughout Michigan and Illinois.

After the platting, the lots will be
placed on sale, and we shall not be sur-
prised to see many of our neighbors slip
down to one of our popular steamers
some day in the near future, take a run
to Traverse Point, select alot and plan
them a cottage home there, where mos-
quitoes never buzz, for they are not,
where sandflies never bite, for indeed
there are none. We shall have more to

 

say concerning this matter later on.

Bricks and Hygiene.

Statistics show that people live longer
in a brick house than in stone, and that
wooden houses are the healtiest. This
suggests the idea of using paint on ma-
sonry. An authority states that 100
years ago it was fashionable to paint
brick buildings white, and many charm-
ing structures remain to attest the value
of a coat of paint in preserving the ma-
sonry, and its pleasant, home-like effect
is a foil to the vines and shrubs with which
even city houses are now commonly
adorned. If it should prove, as might
be easily ascertained, that the painted
brick houses preserve their inhabitants
more effectually from sickness and pre-
mature death than the unpainted ones,
it would be worth while to revive the
ancient fashion, and, with our greater
resources in the way of materials and
ideas, exterior coloring might become as
important an accessory to the architec-
ture of the twentieth century as it was
to that of the twelfth or thirteenth.

—_—<> -- <> -
No More Canadian Transients.

Resident Michigan laborers who work
in the pineries are liable to receive practi-
cal benefit by the enforcement of the
alien contract labor law. It is is well
understood that several thousand Cana-
dian woodsmen invade the Michigan
pineries each winter and return home in
the spring with their earnings, but those
in authority are now enforcing the law
against the admission of foreign laborers,
and they are being refused permission to
cross the line at Port Huron. Hundreds
of them have been stopped already, and
orders have gone forth that this refusal
to enter Uncle Sam’s domainis to be con-
tinued. Whether this movement will
affect wages in the woods remains to be
seen, but the probabilities are thatit will.

 

 

Dry Goods.

 

 

Prices Current.

 

UNBLEACHED COTTONS.

  

  
 

 

Atlantic A_......... 74)integrity XX... - 5144
Adanta A A... .... GteiKking EF... -..-- 6%
Archery Bunting... 4%4| * ce. 8. 64
Amory... ..-.-...-- 74| -  BC,32in..-.. 5le
Beaver Dam A A... 5%|LawrenceLL....... 54
Berwick [.-...--.. 614|New Market B...... 5,
Blackstone O, 32.... 5 |Noibe R........-..-- 5%
Chapman........... 4 |Newton...... --- _. Om
Cohasset A... .--..- 744|Our Level Best..... q
Comet... ...... --- Riverside AX... .. 5
Clifton CCC... -..- 6%|Sea Island R. . 614
Conqueror XX...... 5 jsharon BS ._.._.- _. One
Dwight Star.....-... %14|Top of the Heap.... 7%
Exeter A .........-- 6%4| Williamsville. ...... ‘
Full Yard Wide. .... 6%|Comet, 40in........ 8%
Great Falls K....-- 2 (Carieie | =... 9%
Honest Width....... 7 |New Market L,40in. 7%
Hartford A... .---- 5%
BLEACHED COTTONS.

Blackstone A A..... 8 |First Prize......--.- “
Beats All. ...:.-... 4144|Fruit of the Loom %. 8
Cleveland .:.... .-- | (Warremount........_- 14
Catet.. .......... 714|Lonsdale Cambric. .10%
Cabot, &.....:-:... 6X%|Lonsdate....... .... 84,
Dwight Anchor..... S |Middlesex.... ...... 54

ne « shorts. 8%|No Name........-... T%
Hdawards..__--:_-_-- 6 \Oak View —.. .-.. 6
Mmpire.._........-_- q i008 Own......-...-- 5%
Warwell.... -..::-_.- S iSumaeas .....--..- 4%
Fruit of the Loom.. 8%|Vinyard...........-. 8%
Pitenvilie .......... TM,

HALF BLEACHED COTTONS.

Cabst oo 7%4|Dwight Anchor. .._. 9
Marwell....:-. ..... 8%

UNBLEACHED CANTON FLANNEL.

 

 

Tremont N......---- 5%4{Middlesex No. 1....10

Hamilton N......... 6% . “ 2...

. Ls 7 c . ee

Middlesex AT...... 8 - ac... 68

. a. le = : §::..10

- No. 25.... 9

BLEACHED CANTON FLANNEL.

Hamilton N.....-..- 714|Middlesex AA...... il
Middiesex P T..-.... 8 | Boe. oe 12

- a 8 S AO...... 13%

rf x Al... 9 “ 4. 17%

“ a 10% i eee 16

CORSET JEANS.
Biddeford........-.- 6 |Naumkeagsatteen.. 7%
Brunswick. .....--- 6%|Rockport..........- 6%
PRINTS.

Allen, staple......-. 6 |Merrim’ck shirtings. 5%
es faney.....--- 6% - Reppfurn . 8%
. TORCH: 2... 6i4|Pacifie fancy..----.. 6

American fancy.... 6 = xobes.....-- 6%

American indigo.... 6%|Portsmouth robes... 6

‘American shirtings. 534|Simpson mourning.. 6%

Arnold 5 re SECVA ...._. 6%

.. 6G
“long cloth B.10% “ solid black. 6%
< “©. 8%4|Washington indigo. 6%
‘century cloth 7

= : mc) . Turkey robes.. 7%
fe gold Seal. -...

India robes.... 7%

«  ‘Purkey red..10%| ‘‘ plain T’ky X % 8%
ye ee “ “ x 1

‘Berlin solids: .:..--. 54 _4
f on plue...... 6%| ‘“ Ottoman. Tur-
“© green .... 6%] keyred............ 6
Cocheco fancy....-- 6 |Martha Washington
ee madders... 6 Turkey red %._... 7%
Eddystone fancy... 6 {Martha Washington
Hamilton fancy. ... 6%). Turkey red_..-.._. 9%
staple.... 6 |Riverpoint robes.... 5
Manchester fancy.. 6 |Windsorfancy...... 6%
= new era. 64%) . gold ticket
Merrimack D fancy. 6%} indigo blue....... 10%
TICKINGS.
Amoskeag AC A....13%4|Pearl River......... 123%
Hamition N_..:--_-- 74| Warren .-......--..- 14
DEMINS.
Amoskeag...... .--- 1344 |Heverett.......- ..--- 12%
Amoskeag, 9 02Z....- 15 |Lawrence XX. ......13%
Andover........-..-- d1%¢\bancaster.......-_.- 12%
GINGHAMS.
Glenarven.... ...... 6%| Renfrew Dress...... 8
Laneashire.......-.. 6%|Toil du Nord........ 10%
Normandie..... ..-- Ss |
CARPET WARP.
Peerless, white.....-. oe colored. ..21
GRAIN BAGS.
Siieie |. 1.3... a) iGeorgia -.. ...... _- 16
American... ..-:.- i (eeeine. 8. |. 8. 14
Valley City......---- 16 (Buriap...-..---. -.- 11%
THREADS.
Clark’s Mile End....45 |Barbour’s..........- 88
Coote, 6. &F...._.. 45 (Marehalia.... ....-. 88

Holyore.....--.--._. 22%
KNITTING COTTON.
White. Colored. White. Colored.
6 .. 2.38 38

 

 

No. Noe. 14... -.37 42
ag Ss... 34 301°. 16... se 43
10. 40 ‘: 8...... 30 44
< 1: ......3 41 <n 40 45

CAMBRICS.

Saber 5. 5 2.5. . 434\Kid Glove........... 4%
Waite Giar.......-- 4% |Newmarket......... 43%
RED FLANNEL.

Hiremag...... -.... STR We ce ae 22%

Creedmore....._--.- Sere © oS wee 32

Wathot Sk. :. 5... 38 SRE MAX... 35

Wameress:. 5.2 - 7 - 274i Buckeye.... ..-..--- 32%

MIXED FLANNEL.

Red & Blue, plaid..40 |Grey SR W......... 17%

Union &.....- -....- 2214|Western W .......-- 18%

Windsor....-. .....-. op Re... 18%

6 oz Western......-.- 21 |Flushing XXX...... 23%

Paton Bc... 2... 224|Manitoba.... .....-- 23%

DUCKS.

Severen, 8 0z.......- 914|Greenwood, 8oz....11%
Mayland, 8 0z......- 11 |West Point, 8o0z.... 9%

Greenwood, 7% 0z.. 9%

WADDINGS.
White, doz.......-.- 20 |Per bale, 40 doz....87 25
Colored, doz..." -- 25
SILESIAS.
Slater, Iron Cross... 9 {Pawtucket.......... li
S Red Cross.... 9 |Dundie...... eee 9
. Bese ou 16t4 Betiferd......... ..-. 11
- Best AA... 12%
CORSETS.

Coraline........-... 9 50/Wonderful .... .... $4 75
Seine 6... 2... S 9 00|Brighton.. ........ 4%5
SEWING SILKE.

Corticelli, doz....... 85 {Corticelli knitting,

. twist, doz..42 per %oz ball...... 30
50 yd, doz. .42

 

Write for Circular,

THE RICKARD LADDER.

 

SOLD BY

FOSTER, STEVENS & CoO.,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

   

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

  

 

 
  

 

 

A RE | MOLASSES GATES, dis.
HARD WY e Steppin s Paiserm 0c. 60&10
Sheppi se Gernine oo 6010
Enterprise, self measuring............-..... 25
Prices Current. NAILS
Advance above 12d nails.
a FENCE AND BRADS.
These prices are for cash buyers, who = NEE et 25
pay promptly and buy in full packages. | gd and 9d.100°22.20.0.0IN ITU 5
AUGURS AND BITS. dis. Gdandfa......... 40
yes Old Style -....... es 60 60
eS ee 60 1 00
ee 40 1 50
Senmines’, Senuine........--.....---.-..-... pes
Jennings’, imitation ...........-...+-.--+++- 50&10 1 00
mee 150
ee eee Oe
ic Cae ee 8 50 en ioe... ee. =
D. B. Steel......---.0--+02 0+ coating SE DEAT ISG NS ERNE aN 75
BARROWS. dis. NE eT 90
TE ee ee ee eae $1400] 4a todd... 1 10
eT ee eu Net 30 00 | 24-----------e nen eee eee rene nee cee eeee ee 150
BOLTS. dis. % an COMMON BARREL.
Mae. 8 50&10| % ‘* ST
@arriage new list. /202.......-... 2/2... | nee “—
tae ee eee 40a tie ane iineh =... 1 35
BGG MA ee ee
BUCKETS. 2M and 23% eee cia ale stil ts eg lg a 60
C6 SS. 85
Well, swiv a ees weenie one _ 00 Each half keg 10 centsextra. #88
BUTTS, CAST. dis.
Cast Loose Pin, figured.......: ....---..-.-- FO& TLANES. dis
Wrought Narrow, bright 5ast joint........ 66210 | Gio Tool Co.'s; fanéy ....:............ 40@10
Wrought Loose Pin.........-..---+- G66 | Selota Bee @60
Wrought Table.............-..------- ... 60610 | Sandusky Tool Co.’s, fancy.......... LE 40@10
oo a Co 60&10 — Grevanality 0s @60
rought Brass........-.-.-seeseeeer er eer ees %5 | Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s, mA
Bed ee eee aia. 7010 : PANS. — oe
Blind, Parker’s........--.--:ssee-eeeee reese mete i Wry, Acme... dis 60
Blind, Shepard’s ......-------+++ essere errr ee 701 Common, polished... 6 dis. 7
BLOCKS. : RIVETS. dis.
Ordinary Tackle, list April 17, °85..........- 40 Iron and _Tinned Fees eres bes sey nas 50
salieetiis Copper Riv = — Se ee 50
/ E NT FLANISHED IRON.
Gem. ...-.--... .- sents ee Coe ee dis. 50402 Ay Wood's patent planished, Nos. 24 to 27 10 20
. “By? Wood’s pat. planished, Nos. 25 to 27... 9 20
@ase Steel 0s per 4%! Broken packs 4¢ per pound extra.
CAPS. ROPES.
Bigst10 ........2 perm 65] Sisal, 4 Inch andtarger-..--_..../.. 11%
meee en “ Ae 13%
ap... ..-..:-.. [ 35 SQUARES. dis.
Mosret se Co meet aug Irom. oc,
CARTRIDGES. Try and Bevels.............2....2.eeee sence 60
Rim Fire, U. M. C. & Winchester new list.. 5 | Mitre .....--. 2.0... - scence eee eee eee ences 20
Rim Fire, United States.............---- dis. 50 SHEET IRON.
Genial Hire dis. 251 wos. 10 to 14 Com. ae —
uana. “— i.e ee
SE ESOL SpE enero 2...” 7 (+o
Socket Framing......--...0e--sceeero se eeee ee Wet was eee 420 3 10
Socket Corner... ...... + -- - 0c cnc cs twee ne mone ee cetase 4 40 3 =
Socket Slicks ....... ee aa “io 22
Butchers’ Tanged Firmer.......-...-..-++-- i 40 All sheets No. i8 and lighter, over 30 inches
COMBS. dis. wide not less than 2-10 extra
Curry, LAwrence’s.......-eeeeeeee ee ere eres 40&10) SAND PAPER.
a Oe) Pine CCU TO ee dis. 40&10
CHALK. | SASH CORD.
White Crayons, per gross.......... 12@12% dis. 10 | Silver Lake, White A.................... list 50
COPPER. “a Pas. . 55
Planished, 14 oz cut to size...... per pound 28 White B.............. sees i 50
‘6 14x52, 14x56, 14x60 ...........--.-- 26 a Drab B....... vette eeee ee eees 55
Cold Rolled, 14x56 and 14x60.... .......-..- 24 La ee el : 35
Cold Rolled, 14x48........ 241 Discount, 10.
Botsarms .. es a le 25 SASH WEIGHTS.
DRILLS. dis. Sora Myce per ton $25
Morse’s Bit StoCKS...........--eseeeee cece es 40 ee Salina dis.
Paper and straight MEG es, 40 Silv and .....- Ine te ose Chee eees votes &5
Morse’s Taper Shank.............-.--0-+00+: 40 , Silver Steel Dia. X Cuts, per foot,.... 70
: Special Steel Dex X Cuts, per foot.... 50
DRIPPING PANS. ss Special Steel Dia. X Cuts, per foot.... 30
Small sizes, ser pound ..........----eeee eee Ov “© Champion and Electric Tooth X
Large sizes, per pound.........-.-..+. s+: 6% Guest, per fates. 28
ELBOWS. Steel TRAFS. dis.
@om. 4 piece, Gin 0. doz. net 7 | Steel, Game. vette e tetas eee ences sittte ete eee 60£10
ie dis. 20&10&10 | Oneida Community, Newhouse’s ........... 35
nh a a ee ae 4 eee
EXPANSIVE BITS. dis. re Bear reste te eee 70
Clark’s, small, $18; large, $26.......-..--.--- alle - Mfg. Co.’s ......-......-.-22----- 70
cee. 1 Ge; = OE 2... ......---.- 25 Mouse, choker.... ................... 18c per doz.
a 7 i i : Meuse, delusion... 0... .... $1.50 per doz
FILEs—New List. dis. WIRE dis.
&10 | Bright Market............. EL 6714
Ammenlee Market... 5... ..-70&10
Copperce Mareen... ...........s.. . 62%
: Wiitied MOLECE we, 628
Heller’s Horse Rasps........------eeeeeeeeee Gappered Spring Steel 0) 50
GALVANIZED IRON. Pian Wenee per pound 03
Nos. 16 to 20; 22 and 24; 2 and 26; 27 28 Barbed: Fence, galvanised................... $3 45
List 12 13 14 15 18 _ peaneee  . 4. 2 80
Discount, 60 WIRE GOODS. dis.
GAUGES. dis. i 70&10&10
Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s..... ....----- Ce 70&10&10
HAMMERS. ee 70&10&10
Maydole & CO.’8......--22++ ceeee cere eee dis. | Gate Hooke and Kyes............... .... 70&10&10
Rapes. ....-:2---------<- -. GAs. 25 : WRENCHES. dis.
Yerkes & Plumb’s........-.---eee scence dis, 40&10 | Baxter’s Adjustable, nickeled..............
Mason’s Solid Cast Steel..............--- 30e list 60 | Coe’s Genuine ................ 02.22 00-- sees 50
Blacksmith’s Solid Cast Steel, Hand....30c 40&10 Coe’s Patent Agricultural, wrought,........ vis}
HINGES. @oe's Patent, malleable ....... 0.2.2.2... 75&10
Gate, Clark’s, 1, 2,3 ....-.-----+-+-+-2:++ dis.60£10; MISCELLANEOUS. dis.
Sinee ee per doz. net, 2 50| Bird Cages ..............+. «+. 50
Screw Hook and Strap, to 12 in. 4% 14 and Pames, Cistern 68... 5
POHGOE eee ee se wen cio aiaiai so 8% | Serews, New List...............cseeesses oes 50
Screw Hook and Eye, %......-..--+-+++- met 16) Casters, Bed and Piate....:............. 50&10&10
“ se ee net 8%] Dampers, American..................... save 40
se - ce ls... net 7%| Forks, hoes, rakes and all steel goods...... 65
« cr Se. net 7%
Strap and T..........2.2--eee eect eee ree es dis. 70 METALS,
HANGERS. dis. PIG TIN
Barn Door Kidder Mfg. Co., Wood track....50&10| pig Large...... i
Champion, anti-friction.....-...---+---+++++- Cet (Pin Gara 6 eee
Kidder, wood track ......... SS ie Tea Te
HOLLOW WARE Duty: Sheet, 2%c per pound.
Poo as cee cence ad cce seus sae Ss ais all a 60&05 600 pound Conus... or aa 6%
Woteies. ee ele Na a 6
ee ee 60&05 ee an %
Gray enameled...........-+:s2seeeree errr ees 50 EE TRS IS AGHS aa oa 16
HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS. Extra Wiping ..........--20sesseeeeeeeoe esses 13%
Stamped Tin Ware........-..------ new list 70&10| The prices of the many other qualities of
Japanned Tin Ware.... ee solder in the market indicated by private brands
Granite Iron Ware .........-.---- new list 3314&10 | vary according to composition.
Sabl ae 25&10@25&10&10 | Cookson promnneee
Aa Seple........:....--...--. is. 25410@25&10&10 | COOKSON.......-- 0 ee eee eevee ee eens r pound
Putnam. ...6.....----..:--..-..- dis, 5&10&2%&2% | Hallett’s.......-.-----++-- sees eee AE ol ii
Northwestern.........-...-0+.----- dis. 10&10&5 TIN—MELYN GRADE.
xNoBs—New List. is. f0n14 1C, Charcoal. ..0.50. 0:05...
Door, mineral, jap. trimmings ..........---+ 55 | 14x20 IC, . :
Door, porcelain, jap. trimmings....... a 55 | 10x14 1X, cy
Door, porcelain, plated trimmings......---- 55 | 14x20 IX, -
Door, porcelvin, trimmings.........---- _... 55| Each additional X on this grade, 81.75.
Drawer and Shutter, porcelain..........--- 70 TIN—ALLAWAY GRADE,
LOCK8—DOOR. dis | 10nie1C, Charcot 3. oe. $05 40
Russell & Irwin Mfg. Co.’s new list ....... 55 | 14x20 IC, Oe ee eeu de ecu a Gael was 5 40
Mallory, Wheeler & Co.’s 55 | 10x14 IX, cee ce ed ua cede leg dag 6
Biantera se .. 200.55... 55 | 14x20 TX, . eee ete eieeees age a ce
Wawa os cs ec et eee eos 55| Each additional X on this grade 81.50.
LEVELS. dis. ROOFING PLATES
Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s.......-+-++--- WOli4x201C, ‘“ Worcester.................. 5 50
MATTOCKS. 14x20 IX, ng ” a uclceecs. ucla we Oe
Adse Bye... 2... soe eo es $16.00, dis. 60| 20x28 IC, ‘“ . 1 50
unt Bye. ye $15.00, dis. 60 | 14x20 IC, “ Allaway Grade........... 4 90
ee eee $18.50, dis. 20410. | 14x20 IX, a6 “ - 40
MAULS. dis Sook, . 50
Sperry & Co.’s, Post, handled...... Lees ais Sia is, = - 50
MILLS. dis. BOILER SIZE TIN PLATE.
Coffee, Parkers Co.’S......-..+-+--e1eeeeeees AT SOerG Ee ee a a 812
“ Pp. S. & W. Mfg. Co.’s Malleables.... DE eu 13
‘’ Landers, Ferry & Clark’s...........- 40 | 14x56 IX, for No. 8 Boilers, ae
cic Ree Ue eu 25114x60IX, “* “9 * | per pound

Si

 

 

 

 

The Michigan Tradesman

Official Organ of Michigan Business Men’s Association.

 

 

4 WEEELY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE

Retail Trade of the Wolverine State,

E. A. STOWE & BRO., Proprietors.

 

Subscription Price, One Dollar per year, payable
strictly in advance.
Advertising Rates made known on application.
Publication Office, 100 Louis St.

Entered at the Grand Rapids Post Office.
E, A. STOWE, Editor.

 

 

 

 

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 1889.

 

 

THE LOGIC OF FACTS.

Theoretically, questions of fact can
be answered without a possibility of fairly
questioning the correctness of the answer.
Practically, facts are often as difficult of
demonstration as a proposition in moral]
philosophy. Let any one who doubts it
attend, let us say as a juror, a few trials
in some civil or criminal court. Again
and again do witnesses, equally credible,
contradict one another on matters con-
eerning which it would seem that there
should be no possibility of two opinions.
One swears that theclock struck ten ata
given time, another that it struck twelve.
One swears positively that he saw the
accused crime. Another
swears that at the same moment, he, the
accused, was ten miles away, Do these
witnesses lie? Bynomeans! If it were
a question of color and there were a con-
flict of testimony concerning red and
geen. everybody would say ‘‘color blind-

commit the

ness.’’ of course, and the proper tests
would be applied. But, if eyes play such
tricks under known conditions, what

guarantee have we against unheard-of
freaks under unknown conditions? There
are such things as optical illusions, but
does any one pretend to say when or how
they occur, except under cover of some
wholly inadequate generality—disordered
nerves or the like? How do we know
what we really see? Soin regard to the
other senses. The writer hereof knows
a person of otherwise quick perceptions
who is unable to hear a sound at the re-
ceiving end of the telephone, and it is
said that to some persons certain com-
mon noises are wholly inaudible. Not
long since a party of three inspected a
New York dwelling with a view to sign-
ing a complaint to the Board of Health.
Twoof them perceived a sickening odor,
which to the third was imperceptible, al-
though his nose is not ordinarily impo-
tent.

Where do we stand, then, in regard to
facts? Certain undefined dimensions and
shapes, standing in certain relations to
other undefined dimensions and shapes,
are invisible or distorted in certain eyes.
Some sounds, under conditions not at all
understood, are inaudible to certain ears.
Odors which are vile to one set of olfac-
tories are inoffensive to another set. How
are we going to prove our simplest state-
ments regarding tangible material things,
and are we ever justified in assuming that
a fellow-being is willfully aliar? Per-
haps he really thinks he saw or heard, or
smelled what he says he did—shall we
brand him as a falsifier because his senses
gave evidence at variance with our own ?

That this is a very serious matter goes
without saying. Heaven only knows
what assumed fact of to-day may be re-
futed to-morrow, or what apparent im-
possibility of this year may not prove
perfectly simple and practicable next
year. Itis nota very cheering prospect
if we trust alone to individual percep-
tions, but this at least we know: Society
and law and order have survived the
process of the ages, and how could this
have been, if, asa general thing, Truth
had failed to come off victorious in her
perpetual conflict with Falsehood ?

BANKRUPTCY LEGISLATION.

Since the failure of the excellent Bank-
ruptey law drafted by Judge Lowell, of
Massachusetts, it seemed almost
hopeless to try to overcome the resist-
ance of the West to national legislation
on this subject. But the announcement
that Col. Torry, an eminent member of
the St. Louis bar, has prepared a bank-
ruptcy law to be submitted to the next
Congress, revives the hope that the
power to legislate on this subject will no
lenger lie dormant, or pass to the States
through the failure of Congress to come
to any agreement. The proposed law
enables the creditors of any insolvent
debtor to appeal to the United States
district court for a legal settlement of his
estate. The court then appoints trustees
nominated by the creditors, who take
charge of the assets and receive in com-
pensation a specified percentage on the
sums they distribute to the ereditors.
They act under the supervision of refer-
ees appointed by the court, who are
to be paid salaries derived from a tax
on all estates thus disposed of. Careful
provisions are made to prevent a debtor
being forced into bankruptcy without
good reason, and the consent of a reason-
able number of his creditors is required.
Other provisions guard against unjust
preferences, the conveyance of property,
and the like. Col. Torrey’s professional
brethren will hardly thank him for pro-
posing a measure which dispenses with
their services and cuts dewn their fees
to the lowest figure possible. Indeed, it

has

 

is not easy to see how anyone will make
a fee out of this mode of settling an es-
tate, unless when there is an appeal
from the referee to the district court.

The bill has been approved by the
National Board of Trade, and also by
several conventions of the business men
of the Southwest and West, so that its
passage may be reasonably expected
from the next Congress.

ANOTHER WORTHY.

Tur TRADESMAN has already paid its
respects to two of the renegade organizers
of the Patrons of Industry, and this week
it desires to call attention to a third
worthy, in the person of John Chalmers,
of Cedar Springs. THe TRADESMAN has
it on trustworthy authority that Chal-
mers is even a worse man than the sainted
Elder Payne, whose name once occupied
a conspicuous position on a criminal
calendar of the Kent Circuit Court.
Chalmers, it is alleged, owned a farm
which he was anxious to dispose of and
asked the Elder, in the capacity of super-
visor, to certify that its value was greater
than it really was, in order that the owner
could obtain a loan for all or more than
the land was worth. This the Elder
declined to do, but Chalmers managed to
secure someone to undertake the job—
and the man who loaned the money now
owns the farm !

PENNY WISE AND POUND FOOLISH.
Mancelona once had a well-equipped
Business Men’s Association, but the
members permitted it to die from lack
of nourishment. Since that time notices
similar to the following have frequently
appeared in the Herald of that place:

Another dead-beat skipped out last
week, leaving debts unpaid amounting
to over $300. Our merchants are rapidly
getting experience. It comes high, but
they must have it.

THE TRADESMAN is assured that it is
within bounds when it states that the
losses sustained by the business men of
Mancelona—losses which could have been
avoided had the Business Men’s Associa-
tion been properly maintained—exceed
$1,000. The entire cost of sustaining the
organization in the meantime could not
have exceeded $100.

In the State of lowa not a mile of new
railroad has been built for a year past.
This is not because Prohibition has
checked the advance of the State in pros-
perity, but because the railroad laws of
Iowa have made investments in that kind
of property extremely undesirable. For-
merly the State was noted for the moder-
ation and good sense shown in its legis-
lation on this subject. It followed the
example of Massachusetts in creating a
Railroad Commission, in which large dis-
cretionary powers were vested, but whose
chief function was to give advice backed
by public opinion. This arrangement
does not seem tu have worked as well in
the West as in the East, probably because
the western roads are owned by people
at a distance, while those of Massachu-
setts are not. Absentee owners generally
eare little for any public opinion which
is not embodied in a law. But Iowa
seems to have overdone the business of
erystalizing opinion into legislation, so
that capital has come to avoid the State
in the matter of railroad investments.

For genuine and uncompromising
selfishness the inconsiderate consumer
of tobacco can give long odds to most of
his fellow-citizens and _ still come out
ahead. A notice conspicuously posted
to the effect that no smoking is allowed
may, itis true, prevent the overt act,
but it does not prevent the retention be-
tween the fingers of a lighted cigar or
cigarette, which is quite as offensive in
aclose car or waiting-room, as actual
smoking would be. The other form of
consumption, involving expectoration, is
often even more obtrusively annoying to
the cleanly minded than smoking, but
the posters never take it into the account
at all, and if they did, would probably
be utterly ignored. Justice Morgan, of
New York, lately earned the lasting
gratitude of non-smokers, as well as of
smokers who cultivate a reasonable re-
pect for the comfort of others, by fining
two street-car offenders $10 each and
holding them in the sum of $300 apiece
to behave themselves for six months.
The managers of the elevated roads in
New York have recently made a rule
which prohibits burning tobacco in any
shape in their cars, and if every other
street car line in America would do the
same, and the passengers would second
these efforts by calling the attention of
officials and conductors to infractions of
the rule, a nuisance will be abated and a
wholesome school of manners estab-
lished.

 

Citizenship is not rightly understood or
properly regarded by a large number of
those blessed with it. They consider its
rights regardless of its responsibilities.
They are jealous of its favors, but delin-
quent in the discharge of its duties. It
is probably not saying too much to state
that if the responsibilities and duties of
citizenship were regarded with the same
appreciation and interest as are its rights,
there would be little need for law or any
of its agencies. It is probably too much
to expect of human nature, but the con-
templation of a full and complete dis-

 

charge of its duties and responsibilities
is most beautiful. The picture is attrac-
tive enough to inspire at least some effort
in completing the sketch. Let any right
secured by citizenship be violated and an
effort to redress the wrong is carried to
our highest courts. It is cause for inter-
national disputes and war. But how
lightly is a failure to discharge the obli-
gations of citizenship regarded! This
question is not to be looked upon in a
high patriotic, fourth-of-July fashion,
but in a practical way with regard to the
simple affairs of every-day life. A crimi-
nal escapes from the custody of the sheriff
by the aid of another person, and we are
told that the abettor is not legally re-
sponsible. This is a most foolish and
dangerous doctrine. It leads to such a
state of affairs that would destroy all the
rights of citizens and make despotism im-
perative. Every citizen is a conservator
of the peace and, in an important sense,
an officer of the law. He can be called
out at any time to preserve the peace or
enforee the law. He could not otherwise
be a citizen, and so far as he discharges
these obligations so far does he fill the
requirements of citizenship. A man is
responsible not only for his own unlaw-
ful acts, but for every such act of his
fellow-men which he can legally prevent,
and he surely is not entitled to the rights
of citizenship so long as he neglects its
duties. legal acts of this character are
committed every day without a thought
of violating the essential principles of
that citizenship which secures all the
rights enjoyed. Some of our economies
and ologies could well devote some space
to this subject.

Official definitions are always enter-
taining when they can be accepted as
official—that is, as conclusive—and it
would be eminently instructive if we
could persuade the great corporations,
especially in this country and England
—for these, we take it, are the great com-
pany-ridden peoples of the world — to
give us their ideas as to the purposes for
which the individual man exists. All
great corporations profess to be actuated
by the common conviction that they can
do better for man than he can possibly
do for himself, but the constant tendency
is for them to insist upon doing what no
individual at all wants to do on his own
account. The individual stockholders
of a company are probably as honest
as the rest of the world in their
personal capacity, and would never think
of oppressing their fellow-citizens. But
organize them under a president and a
board of directors, and the rest, and they
will make it exceedingly lively for any
one who chances to stand in their way.
The court records of nearly every state
in the Union abound with instances
where individuals have tried to fight cor-
porations and have been disastrously
worsted. Indeed, a case of this kind is
well nigh hopeless where there are two
sides—as there must be almost of neces
sity—to the question involved, for the
strength of a combined purse suffices, in
many legitimate ways, to out-maneuver
abstract justice. Given a large number
of stockholders with their money invest-
ed fora common cause, and they are at
once irresistible and helpless. Irresist-
ible in that their representatives, the
directors, can command an enormous
aggregate of capital; helpless in that,
scattered as they are, itis well nigh im-
possible for them to unite their votes,
should they be dissatisfied with the man-
agement, oust the incumbent officials
and reorganize on anew basis. This is
sometimes done where there is a lack of
daring or unscrupulousness on the part
of president and directors; but itis nearly
impossible where there are no scruples
as to using the available means for re-
taining the balance of power. How to
regulate the concentration of wealth and
power in the hands of corporations is
one of the questions that is sure, sooner
or later, to crop out in polities, and there
will be room for more wisdom than the
average law-maker has habitually shown
in legislating—enough, thatis, and yet
not too much.

The Raisin Industry of California.

Fresno county, the geographieal cen-
ter of the fertile and extensive San Joa-
quin Valley, is the headquarters of this
rapidly growing infant industry. The
soil and climate prove so well adapted
to the growth and curing of the fruit that
the production has increased from 25,000
twenty-pound boxes, three years ago, to
over 800,000 boxes thecurrent year. New
acreage has recently been added to such
an extent that it is estimated the crop of
1890 will exceed 2,500,000 boxes.

The museatel, of Alexandria, and the
museat, of Gorda Blanca, are the two
varieties grown. The average yield is
three tons of fruit per acre, which is
dried for ten days.on trays in the vine-
yard, and hauled in large shallow boxes
to packing houses at the railroad, and
placed in sweating rooms to complete the
curing process. They are then sorted by
the nimble fingers of girls. The fine,
large bunches on the stems are selected
for the first quality, and called London
layers. These are worth $1.90 per box.
The remainder are run through a large
machine similar to a fanning mill used
by farmers for cleaning small grain. This
detaches the scattering raisins from the
stems, blows away the refuse, runs the
fruit over screens and sorts it into two
additional grades, called loose. Musca-
tels are worth from $1.40 to $1.75 per
box of twenty pounds, according to
quality.

The farmer is paid from five to six
cents per pound for the fruit in its
roughly dried state. Three and one-half
pounds of green grapes make one pound
of raisins.

At the present prices of fruit, the
farmer receives an average of $175 net
per acre. The gross receipts of one small
vineyard of two acres, this year, was
$780, out of which $100 was paid for
labor.

The land is irrigated, the water being
brought long distances, in canals, by
water companies, and costs the farmer
about $10 per acre per annum. So luecra-
tive is the business, that it is attracting
general attention. Large tracts are being
subdivided into twenty-acre lots, and
sold at $100 per acre and upward, that
three years ago could have been had for
$10 per acre.

The combination requisite to success
in the business, viz., a suitable soil, a
prolonged hot and exceedingly dry at-
mosphere, bright, sunny days, and an
abundance of water for irrigation, is here
obtained to perfection, and the industry
has received an impetus that threatens
to absorb all the available land in Fresno,
Tulare and Merced counties, an acreage
exceeding that of New England.

An average of ten car loads of raisins
are now going forward daily to the East-
ern States from Fresno county alone.

> 4a
Advertising Isabella County.

C. M. C. Cook, of Mt. Pleasant, favors
THE TRADESMAN with a pamphlet con-
taining much interesting matter relating
to Michigan in general and Isabella
county in particular, as a home for set-
tlers. The tables and estimates are con-
densed as far as practical, while the text
is made as plain as possible.

Ma

 

 

 

 

Ok

The Best 3-Cent Cigar
on the Market.

 

 

 

MANUFACTURED BY

JK. DRLBRIDGE,

341 So. Division St., Grand Rapids.

 

It will soon be

RA

Very Cold,

TOO COLD TO SHIP RAVEN GLOSS.

 

Orders should be sent in at once for
Raven Gloss, Alma, Gilt Edge, Glycerole
and Royal Polish. I sell all dressings at
manufacturers’ prices and _ discounts.
Lowest prices on all kinds of

Findings, Shoe Store Supplies, Ets.

Whitcomb & Paine’s Calf Boots, Rubbers,
etc. A Beautiful Smyrna Rug given
with each gross dressing.

G. BH. MAYHEW,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

K. W. HALL PLATING WORKS,

ALL KINDS OF

Brass and Iron Polishing

AND

Nickle and Silver Plating

Corner Pearl and Front Sts., Grand Rapids.

86 Monroe St,

 

 

    

Runs Easy
NO BACKACHE.

  
  
 

BY ONE MAN, Write for descriptive cata:ogue con-
taining testimonials from hundreds of people who have
sawed from 4 to 9 cords daily. 25,000 now successfully used.
Agency can be had where there is @ vacuncy. A NEW
{INVENTION for filing saws sent free with each machine, by
the use of this tool everybody can file their own saws
now and do it better than the greatest expert can with-
out it. Adapted to all cross-cut saws. very one who
owns a saw should haveone. Ask your dealers or write
FOLDING SAWING MACHINE CO., 808 to811
South Canal Street, Chicago, I1L

 

K. KNUDSON,

MERCHANT TAILOR

And Dealer in

Gents’ Furnishing Goods.

Fine stock of Woolen Suitings and Overcoat-
ings, which I will make to order cheaper than any
other housein the city. Perfect fit guaranteed.

20 West Bridge St., Grand Rapids.

 

 

Lemon & Peters,

WHOLESALE
GROCERS.

SOLE AGENTS FOR

Lautz Bros. & Co,’s Soaps,

Niagara Starch,

Amboy Cheese.

GRAND RAPIDS.

 

NEW HOUSE AND NEW GOODS.

 

A. E. BROOKS & CO.,

WHOLESALE

Confectionery, Nuts and Figs,

Our Specialty--Candy made from sugar and good to eat.

CODY BLOCK, 158 EAST FULTON ST,,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH

 

PEHEREINS & BESS

DEALERS IN

Hides, Furs, Wool & Tallow,

NOS. 122 and 124 LOUIS STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN,
WE CARRY A STOCK OF CAKE TALLOW FOR MILL USE.

 

Putnam Gandy Go,

VV holesale

 

Manufacturers.

 

BEN. W. PUTNAM, Pres.

 

JAMES M. BARNETT, Vice-Pres.

FRED B. ALDRICH, Sec’y and Treas.

 

c= No Chemicals..23

masses, i

W. BAKER
& 60.’S

Breakfast Cocoa

Is absolutely pure

   
     

and it is soluble.

To increase the solubility of
‘the powdered cocoa, various expes

an dients are employed, most of them
being based upon the action of some alkali, potash, soda or
even ammonia. Cocoa which has been prepared by one of
these chemical processes can usually be recognized at once
by the distinct alkaline reaction of the infusion in water.

W. Baker & Co.’s Breakfast Cocoa

1s manufactured from the first stage to the last by perfect
mechanical processes, no Chemical being used in
its preparation. By one of the most ingenious of these
mechanical processes the greatest degree of fineness is
secured without the sacrifice of the attractive and beautiful
red color which is characteristic of an absolutely pure and
natural cocoa.

W. Baker & Co., Dorchester, Mass.

ARAVENRIGH BROS.

WV holesale Clothiers

MANUFACTURERS OF

Perfect-Fitting Tailor-Made Clothing

AT LOWEST PRICES,

138-140 Jefferson Ave., 34-36 Woodbridge St., Detroit,

MAIL ORDERS sent in care L. W. ATKINS will receive PROMPT ATTENTION.

Selected Herbs m Spices|

Prepared by

THOMSON & TAYLOR SPICE COMPANY,

Chicago.
Is a Combination of

The Finest Ingredients for use in
Seasoning Meats, Poultry,
Game and Fish.

SOLD BY ALL GROCERS.

S. K. BOLLES. E. B. DIKEMAN

S. K. Bolles & Co.,

77 CANAL ST., GRANV RAPIDS, MICH.

W holesale Cigar Dealers.

aie VW Pl”

 

*

 

 

 

 

We will forfeit $1,000 if the “TOSS UP”
Cigar is not a Clear Long Havana Filler of
excellent quality, equal to more than the aver-
age ten cent cigars on the market.

 

 

 

 

Michigan Fire and Marie Insurance bo.

ORGANIZED 1881.

CASH CAPITAL $400,000.
CASH ASSETS OVER $700,000.
LOSSES PAID $500,000.

D. Whitney, Jr., President.

The Directors of ‘‘The Michigan’’ are representative business men of
our own State.

Eugene Harbeck, Sec’y.

Fair Contracts, Equitable Rates,
Prompt Settlements,

Insure in “The Michigan.”

 

 

g® GEO. H. REEDER,
z Lycoming Rubbers
7 5g a .

© § Motium Price Shoes.
* 8 Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

 

 

The Michigan Tradesman

 

 

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 1889.

 

IDEALISM.

Toil degenerates into drudgery when
it loses its poetry. So long as we can
see in the labor assigned us any element
that impels the mind to an upward move-
ment we can be brave, and smile over
our tasks. Do we realize all that ideal-
ism means to usin the common ayvoca-
tions as in the higher spheres of activity?
Our souls are so permeated with this
essence of divinity, we unconsciously
gauge life and its forces by its propor-
tion and strength in us. The power to
glorify all toil belongs in a degree to
each soul—to the kitchenmaid and the
mechanic as well as the poet and artist.

When I hear a street-digger whistling
cheerily about his work, I say to myself,
“That man has some poetry in his life,
though it may be nearly choked out by
the poverty and lack of mental nutri-
ment.’? When I hear a maid-of-all-work
singing blithely over her dish-washing, I
mentally exclaim, ‘‘That heart holds
some ideal, though in embryo.’’? That
thought regarding the eternal existence

of truth, expressed so finely by De
Quincey, may be applied (by that broad
interpretation which construes all

thought in its largest sense) to these de-
veloped or formless ideals:

“It is the grandeur of all truth which
ean occupy a very high place in human
interests, thatit isnever absolutely novel
to the meanest of minds; it exists eter-
nally by way of germ or latent principle
in the lowest as in the highest, . needing
to be developed, but never to be planted.”’

But to a thoughtful mind the question
Will the soul become satiated by
and relapse into a semi-com-
law

its

arises,
attainment,
atose state of existence, through that
to each condition
Throughout the physi-
cal world this law of reflex motion pre-
vails to keep external equipoise: why
not in the psychical? To each spiritual
tidal flow must there be a corresponding
ebb? For each heaven-aspiring flight
of the thrilled soul must there be a re-
trogression into the gloom of despair ?
And when, by some mighty pulsation of
its divine passion, it touches the region
of infinite light, must it become insensi-
ble to all after-glow—benumbed by the
anesthesia of over-delight? Nay, I think
not.

Were there an apex to each spiritual
altitude it might be so. But there is
height beyond all height, breadth encom-
passing breadth—immeasurable, illimit-
able realms outlying all the soul may
fathom. Yea, God himself exists as the
Ultima Thule, and the soul cannot ex-
haust the infinite!

These tidal-waves of feeling, of im-
pulse, and aspiration, and their corres-
ponding ebbs, are but efforts of the soul
to gain its eternal equipoise. They have
no significance beyond that which at-
taches to all motion, and can in no wise
affect the spirit’s upward flight, if it
keep its ideals.

We cannot aim too high; neither is any
beginning to small. Each disclosure of
truth, each revelation of beauty, skould be
sacred to the soul, though it come in the
disguise of toil, in the mask of poverty.
We should seek the ideal in all the forms
of life, in each phase of destiny; and,
when we have found it, make it the al-
tar whereon we lay our offering to God,
the shrine where we kneel in worship of
The Infinite.

which decrees

counteraction ?

EvA GORTON TAYLOR.
CS
Rise and Decline of the Guild.
From early medieval times far into the
middle ages in England, the line of de-
markation between capital and labor
so-called, was very indistinct. Weare
speaking now of that class devoted to
reproduction, and not that engaged in
warfare and pillage. The line between
even so poor a young gentleman as Wil-
fred of Ivanhoe and Gurth the thrall was
undoubtedly sharp and clear, and as good
as infinite. But in the artisan class,
where there was necessarily employer
and employed, the lot of the one was very
much the lot ef the other. The artisan
bought his materials, fashioned his wares,
and sold them in his little shop, or
hawked them at the fair. As his busi-
ness grew, he took an apprentice—per-
haps even two or three. The apprentices
were part of his family. There was rude
plenty for all, but opulence for none.
The master found the apprentice in food,
lodging and clothes, for four years; in
the fifth year he paid him twenty shil-
lings and found him in tools, and the
apprentice fed and clothed himself; in
the sixth year he paid him forty shillings,
and the apprentice supplied himself with
everything. Atthe end of the seventh
year, he was free to engage in business
on his own account, and to take to him-
self a wife. Thatis, he was free, after
having been accepted by the guild. With-
out becoming a guild member, he could
not engage in any kind of business To
become a guild member he had to furnish
proof of his skill in his trade or craft,
and of his good moral character. The
object of the guilds was to obtain exemp-
tion from the thousand and one petty
imports and taxes which bore down so
heavily upon the common people, and to
regulate internal trade. They were not
political organizations, but economic.
They did not seek to limit the rights of
the feudal lords, but to secure to them-
selves certain exemptions and privileges.
The obligations of a guild member en-
joined upon him to notify the guild if he
discovered in town any merchant not a

member.

 

 

 

We can imagine that the guild treated
such interlopers with scant mercy. They
controlled the trade of the town abso-
lutely. Their further object was to cre-
ate a fund to aid impoverished members
and to hold periodical banquets. They
were allowed the right to acquire prop-
erty, to govern themselves, and to hold
conventions with the guilds of other
towns to secure rights of free entry and
exit, for their members.

The work of all craftsmen was scruti-
nized, and if found to be faulty, it was
confiscated and the culprit was punished.
Artisans were compelled to inhabit cer-
tain definite portions of the town, so as
to be readily found when wanted. In
order to prevent fraud and deception in
the sale of goods, sales by candle light
were absolutely forbidden.

The period during which the guilds ex-
ercised these functions appears to date
from the eleventh to the fourteenth cen-
tury. After that, their character gradu-
ally changed, and they became mere
favorite associations or clubs, with a
greatly lessened power to arbitrarily con-
trol trade. This change was no doubt
due to the amelioration of social condi-
tions, which made it possible for a gen-
tleman to walk abroad without his sword.

But what the guilds lost in physical
force they gained in moral. They grew
rapidly in worldly wealth and social dig-

nity. They have more than once loaned
money to royalty. At the present day,
they seem to be the underpinning of

England’s commercial structure. And

yet it is difficult to reconcile this with
certain existing facts. Apotheeary’s
Hall, in London, is two hundred and

eighty-three years old, and is not lacking
in social dignity or worldly wealth, at
the present time. They issue all the
licenses to apothecaries, and no one who
has not served a regular apprenticeship
and been admitted a member of the com-
pany can obtain a license, so that, to
some extent at least, they are a factor in
the drug trade of London. But how is
it, if this is the case, that they have stood
idly by and allowed the co-operative
stores of the army and navy, and the
civil service, to cut the trade of the
apothecary from under his feet? If there
is any accusation of inertia, it must be
brought equally against all other guilds,
as the co-operative stores have worked
destruction right and left, and the guilds
have had nothing to say. It looks as if
the day of their real power had departed.
or 2

How to Extend Our Foreign Trade. 0
A correspondent of Boots and Shoes
says: I have been much interested in
the matter of exports of manufactured
goods for years past, and have striven in
every way to ascertain if possible the
cause of their being so light. I am con-
vinced that the one great cause is lack of
transportation facilities. The buyer of
to-day, whether in Buenos Ayres or
Chicago, wants his purchases delivered
promptly and with regularity. That we
are not provided with regular direct com-
munication with South America is the
fault of our general government.

If heavy freight is to be sent to South
America quickly and cheaply, it must
be shipped to some English or German
port and then reshipped to port of desti-
nation.

Some of the largest manufacturers of
boots and shoes in Europe devote exclu-
sive attention to the production of goods
for the South American markets. The
proprietor of one located in Switzerland
has for many years made an annual visit
to this country. His factory is stocked
with American machinery, he cuts large
quantities of American sole leather and
has, so far as possible, adopted Ameri-
can methods of working. He has_ in-
vestigated the cost carefully, and he
stated to the writer that it cost as much
to produce most kinds of shoes in his
country as it does like kinds in America.
Said he: ‘If transportation was as
direct, regular and cheap between New
York and South American ports as it is
between German ports and South
America, I could afford to remove my
factory to America.’’

What a sorry comment it is our on enter-
prise as a nation that we make the sole
leather from South American hides, sell
it to European manufacturers, to be
made up into shoes for the people who
gather the hides, we having no share in
the manufacturing profits, except on the
leather, and none on the transportation
profits. Other nations encourge com-
merce by a judicious system of subsidies.

As a nation we are now so situated
that we can manufacture in competition
with other nations. What we need is
means for transporting our products as
cheaply as they to the various markets.
These may be secured if manufacturers
and workmen will made a united effort
to secure the necessary legislation.

Much is said of the benefits likely to
arise from the grand international exhi-
dition in 1892. If steps are taken be-
tween now and that time to increase our
commercial marine, and the establish-
ment of rapid and regular steam com-
munication with those countries likely to
be buyers, then the exposition will benefit
our manufacturers by increasing the ex-
port trade, but if nothing is done in that
direction, the exhibition will be no benefit
to our export trade.

2
A ‘‘Saucy” Business Letter.

A story is told of a prominent T——
street clothing firm. Looking over their
books they discovered an account of long
standing. ‘* Write him a saucy letter,’’
said the junior member to the book-
keeper. ‘‘ Yes, make it very strong,’’
replied the senior. The book-keeper fol-
lowed instructions and penned the fol-
lowing: ‘‘Your account is past due.
If you do not settle within ten days we
will draw on you at sight.’? This letter
was handed to the firm.

:*Do you think that isa
asked one of them.

‘It is a business one,’’
keeper.

‘Well, I don’t think so,’’ replied the
former.

‘*Give me your pen, and I’ll show you
the way to do it,’’ and he proceeded to
write the following:

‘*Who bought my goods? You.’’

‘*Who promised to pay for them?
You.”?

‘“*Who didn’t do so? You.’’

‘* Who is a liar and a thief ?”’

** Yours,”?

And, after signing the firm’s name, he

handed the effort chucklingly to the

smart letter ?’’

said the book-

 

book-keeper.

Crockery & Glassware

 

 

LAMP BURNERS.

 

0 SU eee 45
No. 1 Cte ou, eco rigg con ce 48
Oe ee coe
eR ee |
LAMP CHIMNEYS.—Per box.
6 doz. in box.
MO OGR... 2 CE ee 1 90
Met © el aoe ee tes 2 00
NOD 3 00
First quality.
No. 0 Sun, crimp top oe Oo eas a 2 15
bay ee oe 2 25
a:.2 - fe es a 3 25
NSEKX Flint.
No. : Sun, crimp top ca ee ie 2 58
No es 2 80
No. 2 : - es ae 3 80
Pearl top.
No. 1 Sun, wrapped and labeled eee tue ce 37
MNOS ee eee eee tue. 470
No. 2 Hinge, . “ eo Ae 47
La Bastic.
No. 1 Sun, plain bulb, per doz es 1 25
2 No. es ler ts ceils ahaa 1 580
No. 1 crimp, per OC. 1 40
NG ee 1 60
STONEWARE—AKRON.
Butcer Crocks, per gal. 06%
Jugs, is gal., per doz UG g cea seie cau gy =
2 ee
Milk Pans, % gal., per doz. (glazed 66c).... 60
“cc ie) 1 “cc “cc ( “cc 90¢) ae 78
FRUIT JaRs—Per gro.
Mason’ SM 89 50
arts ee ee
eaten 2 ee wooo. (o OS
Lightning, on Se ee 12 00
Salon 28 bee 16 00

 

 

A.D. Spangler & Co

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN

FRUITS ano PRODUGK

And General Commission Merchants. 0

EAST SAGINAW, MICH.

 

We buy and sell all kinds of fruit and
produce and solicit correspondence with
both buyers and sellers.

SEEDS

g

 

If in want of Clover or Timothy,
Orchard, Blue Grass, or Red Top,
or, in fact, Any Kind of Seed,
send or write to the

Seed Store,

71 Canal St., GRAND RAPIDS.

W.T. LAMOREAUX.,

 

Grand Rapids Fire Insnrance Co.

Cash Capital, $200,000.

HIsSTORY—Commenced Business Novem-

 

 

: ber, 1882:
oo se oe meas Surplus.
1882 $100,359 8 2578 8267 «.....
1883 109,793 25,276 sao ee
1884 115,670 ——— sie
1885 ‘126,257 aos se
1886 289,501 57,759 45,660 «8 5,378
1887 275,595 102,181 66,558 20,695
1888 300,227 123,240 99,249 35,983

DIRECTORS:

Julius Houseman, George W. Gay, Martin L.
Sweet, I. M. Weston, H. Widdicomb, J. W.
Champlin, D. A. Blodgett, S. F. Aspinwall, James
Blair, T. Stewart White, Philo C. Fuller, E. Crof-
ton Fox, A. J. Bowne, Thos. M. Peck, Francis
Letellier, Grand Rapids; C. T. Hills, Muskegon;
R. A. Alger, Detroit; Dwight Cutler, Grand
Haven; F. B. Stockbridge, Kalamazoo; O. M.
Barnes, Lansing; W. R. Burt, East Saginaw.

JULIUS HOUSEMAN, President.
§. F. ASPINWALL, Secretary.

 

 

“COLUMBIA”

Steam and Hot Water Boiler for warming
dwellings, ete,

HUM & SCHNEIDER, Grand Rapids,

 

Ryn DA aa

Ae ZING SaNctg=hya) i nen
ieae SUL 19 Cre] geo

Et Seer

 

Serre ta SL

  

  
  

  
      
      
     

H. Leonard & Sons.

—— = Mich.

Near Union Depot. - Cor. Spring and Fulton Sts.

HULIDAY GOODS

If we have not'sent you our new Holiday
Catalogue No, 100, we shall be pleased to send
one on request. The largest line of Staple and
Fancy Goods in this line ever shown in
Western Michigan.

Terms on Holiday Goods--Due Jan.1. Buy early while assort-
ment is complete.

 

ALSO SEND FOR OUR GLASSWARE AND CROCKERY CATALOGUE NO. 99
AND LAMP AND LAMP GOODS CATALOGUE NO. 101, IF
YOU HAVE NOT RECEIVED THEM.

H. Leonard & Sons.

BES Ter & FO:

Manufacturers’ Agents for

SAW AND GRIST MILLI MACHINERY,

 

 
 
 

      

eg AT LA ee

  
  

INDIANAPOLIS, IND., U. S. A.

MANUFACTURERS OF

  
 

 

 

 

Carry — and Boilers in Stock
for immediate delivery.

Planers, Matchers, Moulders and all kinds of Wood-Working Machinery,
Saws, Belting and Oils.
And Dodge’s Patent Wood Split Pulley. Large stock kept on hand. Send for Sample

Pulley and become convinced of their superiority.
44, 46 and 48 So. Division St.. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

  

Write for Prices.

 

 
  
     

NO CHEMIc,

oe (ff GOLD

 
  

DIRECTIONS

bg We nav’ cooked the corn in this cau

A} sufficienti Should be Thuroughly

Warmed uvt cooked adding piece ov!

2000. Buiter (size of hen’s egg) aud gil.

Fa | fresh milk en to waier.)
Se

 
    
 

    
    
 

a Cannirg Qo,

Davenport, Ia.

rs
EN ar tuis EN®

      
   

 

CORLISS TELANE & BUULEY CO.

AUTOMATIC CUT OFF

ENGINES

UNRIVALLED forSTRENGTH
: DURABILITY AnD
——CLOSE REGULATION.

2to 48 JOHN STREET,
—JI CINCINNATI, ©.

DEATH

To the Pass Book.

  
  

THE LANE £ BoDLEY Co.

 

 

Such is the fate of the Pass Book System wherever it comes in
contact with the

Tradesman Gredit Govpon Book,

Which is now used by over 2,600 Michigan merchants.

The Tradesman Coupon is the cheapest and most modern in
the market, being sold as follows:

. Coupons, per hundred Goto aie gs $2.50 | SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING DISCOUNTS:
See sits cca 3.00} Orders for 200 orover....... 5 per cent.

$10 * a Pee . 4.00 ie oe Oe Sed ceo

$20 . CE eee ae 5.00 e *e 9000 eae 20 *

SEND IN SAMPLE ORDER AND PUT YOUR BUSINESS ON A CASH BASIS,

KA STOWE & BRO, Grand Rapids,

 

Fac Simile of the Label of

 

 

oO
OOOOOaeS:

The Best Scouring and Cleaning Seapinthe World

Costs as much to manufacture as Sapolio, yet sells at
about half the price ($2.75 per box of 72 cakes). Can be
retailed for as much with equal or better value to the
consumer, although it is generally sold at 5 cents a
cake. Cut this out, and ask your Jobber to send youa
box of Pride of the Kitchen. It is worth trying.

 

WM. R. KEELER & CO.,
Wholesale oo a

412 SOUTH DIVISION STREET. TELEPHONE 92-3R.

 

We wish to announce to the trade that we are prepared to meet all competition in
our line, which comprises a full line of confectionery, fruit and nuts.
We also carry the Finest Line of Christmas Goods in the City.
Do not forget that we are agents for Rueckheim Bros.’ Penny Goods,
the best goods made, although sold at the same price as other makes.
promptly attended to.

EDWIN FALLAS,

JOBBER OF

Butter, Eggs, Fairfield Cheese, Foreign Froits, Mince Meat, Nuts, Ete,

Butter and Sweet Potatoes
Let your orders come.

Office and Salesroom, No. 9 Ionia St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

Grand Rapids Fruit and Produce Go,

Headquarters for C. WILKINSON & SON’S

Fancy Jersey
Sweet Potatoes.

3 NORTH IONIA ST., GRAND RAPIDS.

MOSELEY BROS.

— WHOLESALE——

Fruits, Seeds, Oysters: Produce.
All kinds of Field Seeds a Specialty.

If you are in market to buy or sell Clover Seed, Beans or Potatoes, will be
pleased to hear from you.

26, 28, 30 and 32 Ottawa St., GRAND RAPIDS.

Alired J. Brown,

WHOLESALE

POEIOUETULS, Nuts, Dates, Fig

16 and 18 North Division Street, Grand Rapids.

A. HIMES,

COAL

ALWAYS ON TRACK READY FOR

which are
Mail orders

 

Oyster and Mince Meat Business Running Full Blast.
Going Like Hot Cakes.

 

 

=
a
<

 

 

Shipper and Retail Dealer in

Lehigh ValleyGoal Co, s

Office, 54 Pearl St. Grand Rapids, Mich.

COAL IN CAR LOTS
SHIPMENT.

MICHIGAN CIGAR CO.,,
Big Rapids, Mich.

MANUFACTURERS OF THE JUSTLY CELEBRATED

“a €.C.. “Vum) a

The Most Popular Cigar. The Best Selling Cigar on the Market,

SEND FOR TRIAL ORDER.

DETROIT SOAP CO.,

Manufacturers of the following well-known brands:

THE ABOVE COMPANY’S

 

 

AARP A EEN
QUEEN ANNE, MOTTLED GERMAN, ROYAL BAR, CZAR,
TRUE BLUE, SUPERIOR, MASCO OTTE, CAMEO,
PHOENIX, AND OTHERS,
TERS AE ate SNORE

 

 

 

For quotations in single box lots, see Price Current. For quotations in larger

quantities, address,

s
W. G. HAWKINS, wock 86x 153, GRAND See ips,

BLIVEN & ALLYN,

Sole Agents for the Celebrated

“BIG F” Brand of Oysters.

In Cans and Bulk, and Large Handlers of OCEAN FISH, SHELL CLAMS and OYSTERS, We make
a specialty of fine goods in our line and are prepared to quote prices at any time. We solicit
consignments of all kinds of Wild Game, such as Partridges, Quail, Ducks, Bear, ete,

 

 

H. M. BLIVEN, Manager. 63 Pearl St.

 

 

 

 

 

GROCERIES.

eemaneieecerrereen

 

The Condition of Trade.
¥rom the New York Shipping List.

The volume of general trade continues
large even for this season of the yearand
the evidences of growing commercial and
industrial prosperity are abundant as
well as encouraging. Bank clearances
eontinue in excess of the corresponding
period last year, the distributive move-
ment of merchandise westward and the
shipments of produce eastward are crowd-
ing the principal lines of transportation
with traffic, the remunerative character of
which is reflected in the satisfactory
exhibit made from week to week of in-
ereased railroad earnings; industrial
enterprise is actively employed supply-
ing the legitimate requirements of con-
/ sumption, notably the iron and steel in-
dustries which continue to show sub-
stantial improvement ; the export moves
ment of produce is of satisfactory pro-
portions, with the most active season for
shipment yet to come and the general
financial situation is far less threatening
than might be gathered from the mone-
tary stringency that prevails in Wall
street. The inconvenience of the last
named feature has been felt chiefly in
speculative circles, and operations of this
description have been necessarily cur-
tailed in consequence, but the influences
that have given prominence to the bear-
ish temper of the stock market are the
direct result of the generel prosperity
which the country is enjoying; unusual
trade and industrial activity and the
marketing of enormous crops having
called into requisition the available sup-
ply of floating capital and drained the
resources of the chief financial centers.
This is a very different state of affairs
from the absorption of funds by specu-
lative inflation and lendsa healthy aspect
to the monetary stringency which specu-
lative bears are temporarily using to their
advantage. In due time the natural
course of trade will reverse the flow of
the monetary current and its return will
mean a considerable addition to the
material wealth of the country. Not-
withstanding the closeness of the money
market in this city, the general financial
situation is really improving. Money is
easier in London and on the Continent,
foreign exchange is lower, the banks in
this city are gradually recruiting their re-
sources and pursuing conservative
methods, the urgency for funds for com-
mercial purposes has probably reached
its maximum and while the return move-
ment may be delayed, the drain will
slacken and hence the tendency is towards
a readjustment and the establishment of
normal conditions. The general con-
dition of trade has undergone very little
change since the close of last week. The
distributive movement in this city has
been of fair proportions, the shipments
of merchandise and produce being stimu-
jated to some extent by the desire to take
advantage of the low rates of freight that
will cease with the close of inland navi-
gation and which will be available only
for a few weeks longer. Speculation is
more or less subdued in all directions and
chiefly of a professional character, and
hence fluctuations in value are without
significance. Wheat has ruled easy in
consequence of heavy receipts in the
west and a falling off in the export de-
mand on account of high ocean freights,
cotton is lower because of the large re-
ceipts from plantations as well as the
heavy export shipments. Notwithstand-
ing an improved demand for anthracite
coal prices are barely steady, supplies at
tide water having increased, although
the total quantity mined thus far this
year is about 2,000,000 tons less than last
year.

The Grocery Market.

Sugar has sustained a further decline
of 4{@%c during the past week and the
end is not yet. Low grades of coffee are
off $c, but the higher grades are hold-
ing their own. Black tea strong.
Tomatoes, corn and gallon apples are
stiffening up, and the latter are likely to
be very scarce. Canned fruits of all kinds
are scarce and the market is firm. New
Turkey prunes are expected in in about
two weeks. Valencia raisins are steady,
the option sales in New York on Friday
having stiffened the market very materi-
ally. Buckwheat is down }c per lb.
The quotations on oil are withdrawn, as
there is no longer any market on that
article. Jobbers are taking whatever the
trade is offering, as the Standard Oil Co.
is bent on securing all the trade in oil,
no matter what price is offered. The
Standard purports to ask 103gc, but sold
several lots of water white last week as
low as 9c, and in many cases made sales
at 9c. As the Standard is disinclined
to hold the price firm at any point, the
jobbers are inclined to follow suit, and
eutting and slashing is the order of the
day.

is

———_—~._ a ____
Wool, Hides and Tallow.
Wools are changing hands slowly, with
the bulk held at 1@2c per lb. above buy-
ers’ views. Enough, however, is being
sold to keep the mills running in a small
way. Manufacturers buy only from hand
to mouth, unless concessions are made in
prices, preferring to wait sales on heavy
weight goods. c Large quantities of wools
have been shipped back to England from
bond, as they are bringing more on the
other side. Prices in Boston are lower
than any other part of the world.

Hides are lower for light weights, with
full supplies. Western tanners are free
takers, with a dull leather market only
for choice stock.

Tallow is dull at 4c decline.

—_———»> se

“Mistakes sometimes happen in the
best of families’? and THe TRADESMAN
is no exception to the general rule. If
such were not the case, anerror of a cent
a pound would not have been made in
the sugar prophesy of S. M. Lemon in
Jast week’s paper.

 

TRICKS OF THE TRADE.

 

How the Sharp and Experienced Clerk
Beguiles the Innocent Purchaser.

“There are tricks in all trades but
ours,” is one of the aphorisms of the
business world. It reminds the specula-
tive observer of the old woman who seri-
ously remarked, ‘‘ The world is full of
queer folks. I’m glad Pm not one of
°em.,”?

The candid clerk would never be able
to starve to death respectably. He would
be discharged before he had told the
truth twice. Imagine him saying to a
customer : ‘Here is a piece of goods that
is so coarse that you can shoot peas
through it, and all cotton at that, although
itis marked half wool. It will fade at
the first wearing. How many yards shall
I eut you off ?’’

He would himself be cut off from his
business prospects without the customary
shilling.

A youth of this sort was engaged as
assistant in a grocery store. He prided

himself on his honesty and candor. When |

he saw his employer sell a pound of
prunes he said in the presence of the
customer: *‘You must be glad to sell
another pound of those wormy old prunes.
They’l] soon be all gone.”

The next moment he was
situation.

The shrewd business man leaves some-
thing to the intelligence of his customers.
As long as a thing is not misrepresented
let them find out defects for themselves.
But the day of sanding the sugar and
wetting down the tobacco is over. There
is an inveiglement of another kind now.
Chromo ecards and gifts have had their
day, but there is the quarter-off and the
half-off sale.

Can anyone outside of the business tell
how the accomplished clerk holds up a
piece of dress goods in that little pyra-
mid on the counter where the light strikes
it so as to bring out in bold relief all its
best colors and make it look as if it were
the loveliest fabric in the store? One
clerk will say, with his head over the
side like a little bird:

‘It looks like you, Miss It’s a
fact: I thought of you as soon asI saw
it. I said to myself Miss will want
a dress off that piece.”’

Another will remark incidentally under
the same circumstances: ‘‘ Your friend,
Mrs. Col. , bought a dress from that
piece.”’

The customer hesitates—and is lost.
In other words, she buys the goods, being
helplessly enshimmered in the science of
delusion by those clerks who know their
business.

A lady went into a dry goods store and
asked to see some goods displayed in the
window.

“You don’t want that style of goods,”’
said the clerk, who knew his customer,
‘you wouldn’t wear it.”’

Then he took down dress after dress
from his reserve stock and as he did so
remarked, casuallly:

“You wouldn’t wear a window dress.
This, now, has not been shown before.”

Of course, the customer was flattered
into buying a dress, and the clerk was
right. He knew that the goods removed
from the illusion of plate glass would not
please her. A clerk soon learns that a
lady is never offended when her tastes are
remembered and alluded to with graceful
tact.

A customer sees a sale of half-off ad-
vertised at a clothing store where a month
ago he bought a suit for $30. He tells a
friend who has admired his suit that he
can get one just like it for $15, and hur-
ries him off to the clothing store.

“Show this gentleman a suit like mine
—the same thing.”’

“Certainly, sir! This way, sir. They
are marked down now with the rest, $25,
Sir.’’

“But you are advertising all your goods
at half-price. What does this mean?’

“Oh, not such goods as those, sir. Im-
possible. Why, look at the quality. We
are selling our regular stock at half-price,
but these—,, and words fail him to do
justice to the subject.

And very likely the man buys a suit
which cost originally less than $15, and
is perfectly satisfied in getting it $5
cheaper than his friend bought his,
merely recognizing commercial acumen
in the trick of half-off.

The best salesmen of to-day do not per-
sist as much as their predecessors did.
They make their goods speak for them-
selves. An old merchant relates a story
of a clerk of long ago who tried so hard
to sell a dress to a customer that he fol-
lowed the lady to the door with the goods.
Then he began to unroll it and the cus-
tomer took hold of an end of the cloth to
prevent it falling on the floor, so it went.
He unrolled the goods until she held a
dress pattern in her arms and she felt
compelled to take it. Another clerk was
approached by a lady who wanted white
silk mitts. He did not have any, but he
jumped over the counter and followed
her to the door to tell her he had a new
bolt of brown linen sheeting in and a
recipe for bleaching it white. This was
in the good old days when the town was
a village, and everybody knew everybody
else’s business. The enterprising clerk
knew his customer for white silk mitts was
about to be married and go to housekeep-
ing and would need house linen. This
gauging of women’s needs and reconcil-
ing them with their purses is quite an
enterprising feature of business at all
times.

It is a fact that the dry goods store is
the principal attraction of the business
street and a fertile spot in the desert of
commerce. It has color, variety and an at-
traction that no other place can possibly
have. The commonest piece of red and
yellow stuff will look rich and elegant in
those long graceful folds that have such
precision of detail, yet look so careless
and artistic in the total effect- The man
who did that gauges his usefulness by
those folds. It is related of the late A.
T. Stewart, the millionaire merchant,
that in passing through the side of his
great store in which the goods were ex-
posed for sale—that opposite to the Broad-
way side—he saw a piece of velvet
stacked to catch the eve. He inquired
who had arranged it in that way, sent for
the man who was a new hand, and told
him it was wrong. The man answered
Mr. Stewart that it was the proper way
to display that class of goods. Mr. Stew-
art said no more, but he watched and saw
the velvets managed in this way forjsome
months. Then he sent for the man and
promoted him to the velvet department
of the wholesale store.

out of a

 

 

 

 

 

 

é

“I saw that you knew more about
velvets than I did myself,’’ was the only
explanation he gave. The best clerk is
the reader of human nature. Hecoerces
one into buying and intimidates another.
The merchants have a proverb that any
salesmen can sella enstomer the goods
that she came to purchase, but he is a
good salesman who sells her what she
does not want. Every clerk has his
particular friends who like to trade with
him because he is obliging or courteous
or entertaining. Itis his trick cf trade
to be all these to his customers.

——___—> -e
The P. of I. Dealers.

The following are the P. of I. dealers
who had not cancelled their contracts at
last accounts:

Altona—Eli Lyons.

Assyria—J. W. Abbey.

Bellevue—John Evans.

Big Rapids—C. A. Verity, A. V. Young,
E. P. Shankweiler & Co., Mrs. Turk.

Brice—J. B. Gardner.

Burdside—Jno. G. Bruce & Son.

Capac—H. C. Sigel.

Carson City—A. B. Loomis, A. Y. Ses-
sions.

Cedar Springs—John
Fish, L. A. Gardiner.

Charlotte—John J. Richardson, Daron
& Smith, J. Andrews, C. P. Lock.

Chester—P. C. Smith.

Coral—J. S. Newell & Co.

East Saginaw—John P. Derby.

Flint—John B. Wilson.

Flushing—Sweet Bros. & Clark.

Fremont—Boone & Pearson,
Ketchum.

Grand Rapids—John Cordes, Joseph
Beries, A. Wilzinski.

Harvard—Ward Bros.

Hersey—John Finkbeiner.

Howard City—Henry Henkel.

Hubbardston—M. Cahalen.

Imlay City—Cohn Bros.

Kent City—R. McKinnon, M. L. Whit-
ney.

Lapeer—C. Tuttle & Son, W. H. Jen-
nings.

Maple Rapids—L. 8. Aldrich.

Mecosta—Parks Bros.

Millington—Chas. H. Valentine.

Morley—Henry Strope.

Nashville—Powers & Stringham, H. M.
Lee.

Newaygo—A. V. Thompson.

Ogden—A. J. Pence.

Olivet—F. H. Gage.

Remus—Geo. Blank.

Riverdale—J. B. Adams.

Rockford—B. A. Fish.

Sand Lake—Brayman & Blanchard.

Shepherd—H. O. Bigelow.

Sparta—Dole & Haynes, Woodin & Van
Winkle.

Stanwood—F. M. Carpenter.

Sumner—J. B. Tucker.

Wheeler—Louise (Mrs. A.) Johnson,
H. C. Breckenridge, M. H. Bowerman,
Thos. Horton.

 

Beucus, B. A.

fs) || aoe

 

Gripsack Brigade.

Wallace Franklin is in Chicago this
week.

Fred H. Clarke, Western Michigan
traveling representative for Walter Buhl
& Co., of Detroit, was in town one day
last week.

Capt. Frank Conlon, traveling repre-
sentative for the Price Baking Powder
Co., left Monday for a five weeks’ trip
through Ontario.

Geo. F. Owen is improving so fast that
he will soon be on the warpath again.
His territory is being covered during his
illness by John D. Mangum.

Leo A. Caro has engaged to travel for
the Banner Cigar Manufacturing Co., of
Detroit, covering the trade of this State
and Northern Ohio, Indiana and Illinois.

oO

VISITING BUYERS.

John De Vries. Jamestown Neal McMillan, Rockford

H Van Noord, Jamestown A Purchase, So Blendon

H Meijering. Jamestown JUL Purchase, Bauer

Smallegan & Pickaard, M Minderhout, Hanley
ForestGrove C F Sears. Rockford

G@ Ten Hoor, Forest Grove Ashley & Bennett,

John Damstra, Gitchell Howard City

DenHerder & Tanis, D R Stocum, Rockford

Vriesland Blanchard & Beebe,Lansing

H Dalmon, Allendale John Smith, Ada

GS Putnam, Fruitport J Homrich, No Dorr

J R Harrison, Sparta J Raymond, Berlin

M Heyboer & Bro,, Oakland W S Adkins, Morgan

Herder & Lahuis, Zeeland L Cook, Bauer

LN Fisher, Dorr D W Shattuck, Wayland

J L Handy, Boyne City LeFebre & Meyer,Gd Haven

H D Plumb, Mill Creek Geo P Stark, Cascade

H H Childs, Childs Mill L M Wolf, Hudsonville

W MeWilliams, Conklin M M Robson, Berlin

B Voorhorst, Overisel W H Pipp, Kalkaska

N Bouma. Fisher Wm Detree, Zeeland

M J Butler, Sand Lake Converse Mfg Co.,Newaygo

F A Deming& Co.,Fennville SS Dryden & Son, Allegan

Hessler Bros., Rockford Forbes & Kidder, Hopkins

F L Heath, Hastings Walling Bros., Lamont

Geo D Lunn, Edmore Wm VanPutten, Holland

O W Messenger,Spring Lke F Narregang, Byron Center

Dr AG Goodson, Rockford H E Hogan, So Boardman

Dewitt & Rideout,SpringLk Eli Lyons, Altona

M Bolander, Hubbarston WG Tefft, Rockford

Dr A Hanlon & Son, G A Spencer. Peach Belt

JN Wait, Hudsonville W N Hutchinson, Grant

DrE A Ferguson.Middleville A Norris & Son, Casnovia

A Wagner, Eastmanville

 

THE CIGARETTE ABOMINATION.

 

Vile Expedients Used to Encourage a
Vile Habit.

Referring to the growth of the cigarette
habit, the New York Metropolis remarks:

But the fault is not altogether with the
boys, nor must they alone be held respon-
sible for the prevalence of the disgusting
vice. The manufacturers are even more
to blame than the boys. There is a law
forbidding the sale of cigarettes to minors;
but the law is respected more in the
breach than in the observance. No boy
with a cent in his pocket encounters any
difficulty in exchanging it for the paper
rolls of offease. Nor are the lads per-
mitted to forget the hateful thing, how-
ever strong may be their resolution to
abandon it. On every dead wall and
fence the flaming posters in gorgeous
colors remind them of the latest brands.
In the windows of every tobacco shop
they see displayed viciously fascinating
pictures advertising the cheap and nasty
goods. Broadsides of the great news-
papers are filled with announcements of
them. As an additional attraction, every
package sold contains a highly colored
picture of some famous actress or noted
character, presenting, not merely a por-
trait of female beauty and loveliness—
which in itself might not be unattractive
—but so draped and postured as to ap-
peal to the basest senses of the budding
youth. The enormous expense these
cigarette makers incur in advertising
their goods, when considered in connec-
tion with the extremely low price at
which the goods are sold, furnishes the
most convincing evidence of their lack of
intrinsic value. Take a package of twenty
cigarettes, usually retailed for five cents,
and estimate the retail and wholesale
profits on them; then consider the cost of
manufacture — labor, rent, machinery,
ete.: and the enormous amounts paid for
advertising and for the gift pictures
which accompany them, and it will re-
quire a skillful mathematician to figure
out any margin left for the purchase of
tobacco with which to make them. Yet
they are all advertised as made of the
very best quality of tobacco, which, of
course, should cost the highest price,
when, in fact, the best is the worst. Is
not this a clear give away? Is it notevi-
dence that only refuse tobacco, or the
scrapings of the gutters, can be utilized
by the manufacturers in filling these
alluring but worthless contrivances?
Such is the fact, no matter how loudly
the maker may boast of the purity and
excellence of the tobacco used. Good
tobacco could not be used in them, at the
prices at which they are supplied, with-
out bankrupting the manufacturer. They
are made, as the Metropolis has hereto-
fore pointed out, from the half-smoked
cigars thrown away by cigar smokers,
with an admixture of drugs, principally
opium, to destroy the rank flavor and
impart an agreeable odor. This shows
the profitableness of the occupation of
the swarms of Italian boys, working
under the immediate supervision of the
lazy padrones in the early hours of the
morning, searching the gutters for dis-
carded cigar stubs.

——< <<
Nutmegs.
From the Herald of Trade.

Nutmegs grow on small trees resem-
bling pear trees, cut down to about twenty
feet in height. The flowers are very
much like those of the lily of the valley ;
they are pale yellow and very fragrant.
The leaves stand alternately on short
foot stalks; are oblong, pointed, entire,
bright green, and somewhat glossy on
their upper surface, whitish beneath, and
of an aromatic taste. The fruit, which
appears on the tree mingled with flowers,
is round or oval, of the size of a small
pecan, smooth, at first pale green, but
yellow when ripe, and marked with a
longitudinal furrow. The external cover-
ing, which is at first thick and fleshy, and
abounds in an austere astringent, after-
ward becomes dry and leathery, and
separating into two valves from the apex,
discloses a searlet net-like membrane,
commonly called mace, closely investing
a thin brown shining shell, which con-
tains the kernel or nutmeg. The nut-
meg tree is a native of the Moluccas and
other neighboring islands, and abounds
especially in that small cluster distin-
guished by the name of Bandas, whence
the chief supplies of nutmegs were long
derived. But the plant is now cultivated
in Sumatra, Java, Singapore, Penang,
Ceylon and other parts of the East Indies,
and has been introduced into the isles of
France, Bourbon, Cayenne and several of
the West India Islands. A fine tree in
Jamaica has over 4,000 nutmegs on it
yearly.

 

oa 1

A dealer marks his shoes in odd figures,
such as $1.49, $2.47, to give the impres-
sion that he has screwed the price down
to the lowest point.

 

 

Buy a Case of

TIGER

 

Sold Under Our Personal Guarantee.

I. M. CLARK & SON.

 

PRODUCE MARKET.

Apples—Dealers pay 25@50c per bu. for fall
and winter fruit, holding Kings and Pippins at
$2.25 per bbl. and Kings and Snows at $2.50. Or-
dinary varieties command $1.75 per bbl.

Beans—Dealers pay $1.25 for unpicked and
$1.50 for picked, holding at $1.75@& per bu.

Beets—40c per bu.

Butter—Dairy is held steady at 19@20c, Cream-
ery is firm at 24@25c.

Buckwheat Flour—%5.25 per bbl. for New York

tock.
Cabbages—#3 per 100.
Cheese—Jobbers hold September and October
make at 114%@i2‘c.
Cider—10c per gal.
oo barrels, $1.25; produce barrels

ic.

Cranberries—Cape Cod readily command $9.25
@39.75 per bbl.

Dried Apples—New evaporated are held at 8c
and new sundried at 5%c. .

Eggs—Jobbers py 18¢e for fresh and hold at
20c. Pickled and cold storage stock commands
about 19¢.

Field Seeds—Clover, mammoth, $4.35 per bu. ;
medium, #4.25. Timothy, $1.50 per bu

Grapes—Concords, 4¢; Catawbas, 6c; Dela-
wares, 10c.

Honey—In small demand.
mands 15c per lb.

Onions—Dealers pay
ing at 45@ 5c.

Pop Corn—4e per Ib.

Potatoes—The market is weak.
25@30ce and sell at 35c.

Squash—Hubbard, 2c per Ib.

Sweet Potatoes—Fancy Jersey stock commands
$3 per bbl. Muscatines, $3 per bbl.

Tomatoes—Green command 75c per bu.; ripe,
$1 per bu.

Turnips—30ce per bu.

Clean comb com-

35c for clean stock, hold-

Dealers pay

PROVISIONS.
The Grand Rapids Packing and Provision Co.
quotes as follows:
PORK IN BARRELS.

   
  

Mess, new. -.....-...- Oe oe cee cee ee 11 00
Shor cut MOLAR |... 0.....-2- 3... +. 5 <a 2 10 50
Extra clear pig, short cut............------- 12 00
Extra clear, heavy.........---.-------se++-- 12 00
Clear fag baek.. (2 ..-....-..-_--.-... 12 00
Boston clear, short Cut..........--.--.-+-+s- 12 00
Clear back, short Cut. .....-....-.....-...-.- 12 00
Standard clear, short cut, best.........-...- 12 00
SMOKED MEATS—Canvassed or Plain.

Hams, average 20 1bD8.........----eeeee cree eee 10%
“ . 16 10%

is bas ioe ll... ii
. i. 6%

af beat DONGICRS. 6.0... 05... s ck 9
Shome@ers °.....5......2..2..... 3.5... 5%

- BOuCIOSH .-.. 2. ee 8
Breakfast Bacon, boneless............-++-+++ 9%
Dried beef, ham prices..... 914

Long Clears, heavy......-.---+---++-+-
Briskets, medium..........-...--+-+-++- coe
s ee. ee 6

»LaARD—Kettle Rendered.

 

 
 

 

 

 
 

MIOMCOS es ae cee ee mens ce cen ae 74
See 8 ee ee Dolce. fae
Seip res. ...........2.0 2... eee Th,
LarRp—Refined.

PICLCCR ao cw ct eco re erm ecw cenrennns- 6

30 and 50 ib. Tubs ....--.--...--.. ae Se 6%
3 1b. Pails, Win @ Case.........- eee cece eeee ee 6%4
5 1b. Pails, 12 mm a case..-........... Lesiecesscs. Ong
10 Ib. Pails, 6 in @ Case........... sc eeeeeeeeecee 64%
20 Ib. Pails, 4 in @ Case.........-..-ecee er eeeees 634
in Cans... ee. 64

BEEF IN BARRELS.
Extra Mess, warranted 200 lbs............--- 7 60
Extra Mess, Chicago packing...........----- 7 00
ee ee cen we % 25
Hieetes PIS0G: oe el. 716
Boneless, rump butts...........2--seseeeeee ee 9 00
saAUsAGE—Fresh and Smoked.

Pork Sausage. .....---........-.-4.... 2... 6%
Ham Sausage... .... 8 ew we wns = = 12

Tongue Sausage.......... a 9

Hrankfort Sausage: ..........-.-.......-..... 8

bicod Sausagee..-.--.--. se 5%
Bologna, straight..........-...---... 22-22... 5%
Bologna, thiek......... ..-2.---..... 22s. 5%
Mead@licese 2.6.6. ee a 5%

PIGS’ FEET.

im beabt Darrele: oo... eee ce eae lcwee ns 3 2%
In quarter barrels.........-..-0-- ee eeeeeeee ees 2 00
TRIPE,

In haalt barrels. .....-.-......... -..--.-..-2.4 3 00
In quarter barrels...........--.-s-eee5 ce eeee 2 00
i, Oia. .............-............ ............ 6
FRESH MEATS.

Swift and Company quote as follows:
@6
@6
3%@ 4
@ 7%
@ 6%
c 1OHGUER....-2.. 2. @10
Hes ee 5 @5%
Pork iomea:... - 1.25.1. @8
Te @5
Bologna... @5
Sausage, blood or head..........-...--. @5
“ liger. ok i @5
- Hranusort.........--._... ---- @8
Matton ..-.......--3. -. 6 @ 6%
OYSTERS and FISH.
F, J. Dettenthaler quotes as follows:
FRESH FISH.
WERSPGSH 2 ee. @ 7%
o SMORCE..000500.2....0. 5... 8
Grou) 0:5... 6-21-.5-.- - 5s @ T%&
Hat @20
OYSTERS—Cans.
Wairhnaven Counts.......-....-.--...... @35
Selects ss. es 25 @28
CT ee ae @20
AueneGes...........-.....3. @18
Ee @16
oyrsTERS—Bulk.

EAN GATOAS. 66 oo i eens ont @#1 15
GOICCIR ee ee ees wee @ 1 60
CANDIES, FRUITS and NUTS.

The Putnam Candy Co. quotes as follows:
STICK.
Standard, 25 Ib. boxes.............-...---....- 10
Twist, 2 Ce 10
Cut Loaf, 25 Cees ote e case H
MIXED.
Royal, 25 Ib. pails ..........-2006- ceeeee eee ee 10
. ee 9%

Extra, 25 1b. pails.............
‘ DON 1D. DRAB... <oe o nce

 

. bbls
French Cream, 25 Ib. pails............
Fancy—lIn 5 lb. boxes.

  
 

    

  

   

Lemon Drops.........2 0.0 e+ cece cece ce nser ee 12
Sour DrOpsS ...-. 2... ee ew ee 13
Peppermint DropS.......---.+-+-+eeeeeeeeeeees 14
Gnocolate Prope... 2-2... a ee
H. M. Chocolate Drops...................--..- 18
Gum DEOps.-. 6... ews ewe tee ew ee 10
Ifeorice Drops... -..--........-.--. 0... 18
AB iieoertee Dropa......-:--..--...........- 14
Lozenges, plain.........--.-. 20 ee eeee eee eens 14
“ priced... ese 15
mpertale es el. 14
MEuEGeCR (0 ee eee 15
ream Bar. :....-:.-. 2.2... 5. Se oi cee - cuca ol: aa
Molasses BAP... |... 13
Caremcle ....-..-.-..-- ee 16@18
Hand Mace Creams... ..-.........-.-.....-. 18
eee bee eS 18
Decorated Creams...............-. Ce 20
String ROCK....... 2.000. -.2- 002 cen none cece se 15
Burnt Almonds... ..:....:.....:....:...... 22
Wintergreen Berries............-.-..++.+2200 14
Fancy—In bulk.
Lozenges, plain, in pails..............+-.++-.- 12
- goo ee 11%
“ printed, in am ee. 12%
& . RO ce 12
Chocolate Drops, in pails..........-..--.-++06- 12%
Gum Drops, in = cece ue mds neialae 6%
- 5 intee ..s....ee 54
Moss Drops, in pails.........2..-.eeeeeeeeeeee 10
. . CS ee ee ae 9%
Sour Drops, in pails..............--.e.-eee eee 12
Imperials, in pails... Ss Soe en 11%
- a... 10%
FRUITS.
Oranges bbl .........-...-.-..... 352. 5. @7 00
Lemons, choice.............------ ---se- 4 ©@4 50
“ fancy. large CARG.............. @6 00
Figs, layers, n€W.........---sseeeee- eee 138 @16D
Rares SED @5
Dates, frails, 50 Ib................-...... @ 4%
= frais, 0 Ib... s...... Se @ 5%
ee are. 10h, DOX-:..............-. @9
- ‘ip ee -. T%@ 8
ia Persian, 50-lb. box.. 6 @Ts
Ce ee a 1 25@1 50
NUTS.
Almonds, Tarragona. .....-.:........-.- 16%@17
= ByaGe@ 15
. Calitornig 2.0.25. 2... 13 @15
EAA es ee was @ 9
Milberie, SiC oie og eens ee 10%@11
Walnuts, Grenoble. .........-........-. 14
- apereie. 60 ee @12%
Pecans, Texas, H. P.. coe Soke cece 74@12
Cocoanuts, per 100. ..05.-....<. .2-.<-05s- @
PEANUTS.
Gram COCKE. iv. oo us oc. aes eens @8%
tar Lee dbs beelails opi dess colew su ve Seen eoe @i%
Hgts. 5. 5: Soiree sh oscnee ues tomas @6%

 

 

Wholesale Price Current.

The quotations given below are such as are ordinarily offered cash buyers who
pay promptly and buy in full packages.

 

 

BAKING POWDER.

s) S6

.- 12

 . oo

a

3a

+ SS

. ft 2S

: i io

et

. 22 20

Arctic, % lb. cans,6 doz... 45

ae ee ee

ai 2

ban tif * 2% 2

sie Sin: © 1 * 2. 22 68

Absolute, %4 Ib. cans, 100s..11 7%

L mip © «Ste. 1000

1ip 6 Oe. 18

Telfer’s, %1lb.cans,doz.. 45

ne i. - oo

. ib “io

Acme, Ib. cans, 3doz.... 7%

. min 2 oe

a 11D 1 ose

. Wale. 206... 20

Red Star, \% Ib. cans, 45

6c % lb. “e 85

" im = 150
AXLE GREASE.

60

 

BATH BRICK.

English, 2 doz. in case..... 80
Bristol, 2 ~* i 75
American. 2 doz. incase... 70
BLUING. Gross

Arctic Liq, 4-0Z..........--- 3
. Cr ee 7 00
a pe ee 10 00
re 8-oz paper bot 7 20
a Pepper Box No, 2 3 00
ne “ “ a 4 60
“ce “ce “ se 5 8 00

BROOMS.

 

BUCKWHEAT.

 
 

 
 

Kings 100 lb. cases ........-. 4 50
te 60 Tb. Cases... -...._. 3 85
BUTTERINE
Dairy, solid packed.... ... 13
7. FOMIS. 03... 14
Creamery, solid packed.... 15
. mwas lk
CANDLES
Hotel, 40 lb. boxes......-...- 10%
Star, 40 oe . I%
Paragme .. .............-.. 12
Wiekig............ + -.-..- 25
CANNED Goops—Fish.
Clams. 1 Ib. Little Neck. ...-. 1 20
Clam Chowder, > Ip......--.- 210
Cove Oysters, 1 lb. stand....
' . cin 2.
Lobsters, 1 Ib. pienic........ 1 50
ee 2 2 65
" ie Star.......-..: 2 00
i 2 ib. 6er.....----.. 3 %5
Mackerel, in Tomato Sauce.
- Tip. stand:.....-: 1%
“ 21h 7 2325... 3 00
i 3 1b. in Mustard...3 00
a Sib. soused. ..-... 3 00
Salmon, 1 1b. Columbia.. ..1 90
c tid. Alaskea.......- 1 80
.| Sardines, domestic 4S8...... 5
7 ig... @ 9
- Mustard %s......
o imported \4s...10%@16
i spiced, %48......- 10
‘Trout, 3 Ip. BrOGK.....- ---
CANNED GoOoDS—Fruits.
Apples, gallons, stand. ...
Blackberries, stand......... 90
Cherries, red standard...... 1 20
et pitted 1 40
DSIASONA ........-..<.- --. 2
Egg Plums, stand..........- 1
Goosepermtics ........-.-...- 1 00
Grapes ..-........-........-.
Green Gages..............-- 16
Peaches, all yellow, stand..1 70
. geeconds ......... .- 1 45
i Pe os Ss
Reams... 12%
Pineappies ...........- 1 20@1 50
Guimces 2... 1... 8... 1 00
Raspberries, extra.......-.-- 12
ia ea... 1 40
Strawberries .... ... ok oo
Whortleberries...... Lecce, | ae
CANNED VEGETABLES.
Asparagus, Oyster Bay......
Beans, Lima, stand......... 85
“Green Limas.... @l1 00
* (Sores... -...... @ #9
‘* Stringless, Erie....... 90
“ Lewis’ Boston Baked..1 40
Corn, Archer’s Trophy...... 1 00
- _ Morn’g Glory .1 00
. * Early Golden.1 00
(Peas, Freneh.--..-.....- -- - 1 68
‘¢ extra marrofat... @1 2
f geogkea...-... 1.1... -... 80
June, stand... _... 2... 1 40
< -< girted 200... 1 55
‘© French, extra fine... .1 50
Mushrooms, extra fine...... 2 15
Pumpkin, 3 lb. Golden...... 1 00
Succotesh, standard........ 90
Sqqaen ....... -....-...-... 1 10
Tomatoes, Red Coat.. @1 00
Good Enough....1 00
. Ben Bar...... .-- 1 00
. stand br... . @1 00
‘HEESE,

Michigan Full Cream 11%@12%
Sap Sago_........--_-.- 16 @16%
CHOCOLATE—BAKER’S.
German Sweet.. ...... pees 23
Mpg ee 35
Coéea...................-.. 38
Breakfast Cocoa.........- 48
reme............... 6. -. 37
CHEWING GUM.

Rubber, 100 lumps.........--. 25
. ee a oe
Spree. oe 30
CHICORY.
Beak 6
Bea... .. 3s .. .- %
cOFFEE—Green.
mie, fale 8.26. 17 @19
ec ee Se ee 184%@20
o rem oe @21
“ fancy, washed...19 @22
< golden... .....-- 200 @23
Santon. .........-....-- 17 @2
Mexican & Guatemalal19 @23
Peaperry ......-...-.-- 20 @23
Java, Interior......-..- 20 @25
“¢ " Mandheling....26 @29
Mocha, genuine........ 2 @27

To ascertain cost of roasted
coffee, add %c. per lb. for roast-
ing and 15 per cent. for shrink-
age.

cCOFFEES—Package.
00 Ibs
Tien 23%
< tn cabinets ............ 2444
“A

MeLaughlin’s XXXX....23%
23

Pres ... .- eee ese caso %

Thompson’s Honey Bee....25%

. Wiger..... 20... 23%

Good Morning... ......- 23%
COFFEE EXTRACT.

Valley City... 5

i i i 10

CLOTHES LINES.

Cotton,
se

6
ae

Jd ute

 

CONDENSED MILK.
Macle. 2.5.20)... q
Anglo Swiss. ......-......-- 6

CRACKERS.

Kenosha Butter.............
Seymour “
Hecke...

“ family.........--..----

ee DigGis 202.6 ce
Hoste... ee
Gity Hoda... :..
Ee
8. Oyster
City Oyster, XXX...........-
Prente.. 2.2... Seca.

CREAM TARTAR.

Sirictiy pure... <0...
Grocera 6.6600)...

     

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

  

  

  

  

 

DRIED FRUITS—Domestic. SAL SODA,
Apples, sun-dried..... 54%4@ 5% | Kegs..........--.-+++++ e+e. 1%

via evaporated.... @ 8 Granulated, boxes.......... z
Apricots, ‘ co. @15 SAPOLIO.
Blackberries‘ —_......--.. Kitchen, 3 doz. in box..... 2 35
Iecraeence | ee ens 12 Hand, _ oS eee 2 3
— . as 12 SAUERKRAUT.
Raspberries ‘ EE — ee =

DRIED FRUITS—Citron. SYRU. tial
eeGriae. 0. oss... Corn, barrels aia @26
i Benes. @2 a“ one-half ‘barrels. ee @28

DRIED FRUITS—Currants. Pure Sugar, bbl 1 28@36
Zante, in barrels...... @ 53 és half barrel... .30@38
ef in less quantity @ 6 SWEET GOODS.
DRIED FRUITS—Prunes. r Xxx
— wee etecet scenes Ho 4 4% Ginger Snaps.......... 9 9%
California i alert 9% 10 Sugar Creams......... 9 9%
strte eee eee es %@ Frosted Creams....... 9%
DRIED FRUITS—Raisins. Graham Crackers..... 9
Velenciag.....-.° .-.-. 7%@ 8 | Oatmeal Crackers..... 9
Cneam@iee oo... 9 @9% SODA.
London Layers, Cali- ECR oe 5%
POOR. sk, @2 50| Kegs, English..............+- 43%
London Layers, forn. @ aos
Muscatels, California. @2 35 TEAS,
DRIED FRUITS—Peel
jAPAN—Regular.
ev stetcenee ts esee es SS) eae ee 1d @16
Ee 14 Good 18 @2
_ FARINACEOUS GOODS. nets. os se 24 @20
Parina, 100 Ib, kegs......:.. Os) Choleeet 6.005. la. 30 @34
Homing, per ppl... .... -..- 3 50 SUN CURED.
Macaroni, dom 121b box.... 60| Fair .........--.--+-+-- 14 @15
‘** _ imported..... 1 | Geee 16 @20
Peart Barley ........ —2 |Coae ............... 24 @28
Peas, green............ @1 40| Choicest...........---.30 @33
~. opm... |... @ 3 BASKET FIRED.
Sago, German.......... @ 6%| Fair.............----.- @20
Tapioca, fk or pri... @ 6% | Choice.............---. @25
W heat, cracked......- @ G4 1 Chotecst....... 22... @35
Vermicelli, import.... @10 | Extrachoice,wireleaf @40
7 domestic... 60 GUNPOWDER.

FLAVORING EXTRACTS. Common to fair....... 25 @35
Jennings’ D. C. Lemon Vanills | Extra fine to finest....50 @65
20z. Panel, doz. 85 { 2% | Choicest fancy........75 @&s
hon) Ee 2 25 IMPERIAL.

Gon. “2 25 3 25 | Common to fair....... 20 @35
No Ss. «= 100 1 60; Superior tofine........ 40 @50
No. § * “« 295 4 00 YOUNG HYSON.
No.10, “ * 4 50 6 00 | Common to fair....... 18 @26
No. 4, Taper, ‘“* 1 60 2 59 | Superior to fine....... 30 @40
¥% pt, Round, 4 25 7 50| OOLONG.
7 “ “ 98 50 15 00 | Common to fair... ...25 @30
FISH—SALT. | Superior to fine....... 30 @50
Cod, whole. ........... 4%@ 5 | Fine to choicest.......55 @6s
** boneless.......... ait | ENGLISH BREAKFAST.
OE EE eee 25 @30
Herring, round, % bbl.. = | Chee 30 @35
ce oe eC a ae
“Holland, bbls.. 12 00| Tea Dust.............. 8 @10
Se Se) semtccon Pie
Mack. sh’s, No.2,% bbl 1200| S. W. Venable & Co.’s Brands,
i i «12 Ib kit..1 30| Nimrod, 4x12 and 2x12........ 37
: “ .-1 | Reception, 22-512, 16 0z...... 36
2 age ona aces oe OOS OF) Virion, 156 456 & ®........... 30
7) oe, a 60 | Big 5 Center, 3x12, 12 0z......
White, No.1, % bbls........ 5 25 | Wheel, 5 to De me
. - 32 ip. kits.....1 OO! Trinket 3x0, 9 oz..-.........- 25
= 10 I kita... 80! jas. G. Butler & Co.’s
o Family, % bbls... .2 50| Jas. G. Butler & Co.’s Brands.
“ a 59 | Something Good.............- 37
GUN POWDER. ipeuble POG. 2... es 37
Meee so Peeen Fie)... 38... 6... 37
Malt bese 2 9g| Wedding Cake, blk........... 37
i LAMP WICKS, TOO oe cate oe ee ay
No. 0. Coie eee ee 30 ToBAaccos—Fine Cut.
NG. = D. Scotten & Co.’s Brands.
LICORICE. F PRED in een ne 62
Pose 2 30 | Sweet Cube... el... 37
Calabria 6m ala wes diel ties in a oo 25 TRADESMAN CREDIT COUPONS.
wey 18 | $2 ner hundred........... 2 50
MOLASSES. ee ee eas 3 00
Bisck Sirap......-.__._... 231810 *“ a 4 00
Cuba Baking......... . ..22@25 $20, . a. 5 00
Porto Hico...... ........-2i@gao Subject to the following dis-
New Orleans, good........ 25@30 | counts:
" choice... .- 33@38 | 200 or over......... 5 per cent,
“ faney.......45@48) sop <“ oe .
One-half barrels, 3c extra. 1000 “ ae .
OATMEAL, ns
Muscatine, Barrels .........5 7% btn %
+6 Half barrel wo ie i 40 Be ee cece en nears 7
“ Cases. _ 2 15@2 WHO BT... - sree ee eee ee serene 9
ROLLED OATS | $1 for barrel.
Muscatine, Barrels.... @5 75 | YEAST.
i Half bbls.. @3 12 Fer ‘ sed
a Gases 2 15@2 2 ermentum, Compressed. .
OIL. MISCELLANEOUS.
Michigan VWest.)..0.0....... Cocoa Shetis, bulk. .-...-°. 7%
Water White Jelly, 30-Ib. pails.........-- 5
PICKLES ee ee tae 15
Mednin.  .. 5 2 Sana
“ Che 3009| PAPER & WOODENWARE
Small, bbl... - 6 PAPER
CS ea Se aay
snug Curtiss & Co. quote as fol-
= = Es 1 75 | lows:
“ T. D. full count........ CO ae 160
Cob Ne so... 49 «< Sioht Weight... ..... ooo
| RICE. SO ee 180
Carolina head..............-- 646 | Hardware .................... 24
i No. 1.....--.--- -+---DM | Bakers .......-...-.-......-.. 2%
i NO. 2.......4+5- 54@ iy Goods. ol, 5
NO. 3......-.---2--5- | dence) Manila. ol 8
Japan... (0 l | ego | Red Mupress Net... .... 5
SALT “ Neg 4
Common Fine per bbl..... 76@80 el
Solar Rock, 56 lb. sacks..... 28 | Sila andy cmdim ul
ae 05 | 48 Cotton.......--- 2... eee 22
60 “ i ¢ | Cotten, No. 2.......... 20
Ao ee a : ee 18
Ashton bu. bags ...........- 75} Sea Island, assorted....... 40
Higgins ry eo wa | No.5 Hemp ........-.--. os oe
Warsaw “‘ eo LL 37 | We = Cs ac ul al at a a cu 17
‘“ Vy te 6 20 | NE od cote se nteden cows ae 7%
. SALERATUS. WOODENWARE. 2
elana ss, pure.............. 5 7
Church's, Cap Sheaf...... (oo. ee
Dwight’s............ ......- 5 ee a RU NL ai
Taylor’s... ee Ae 5 | Pails, No. 1, two-hoop.. 1 60
: : SEEDS. «  Wo.1, tree-hoop.... 1 %
Mixed bird. ...-............. 4% | Clothespins, 5 gr. iil a 60
Caraway... .-- 10° Bowls, 1 neh... 1 00
COMA ee : Peet) ae ee 1 25
Hem | ce ae ee ' 200
ee “ 7 * 2 %5
Heape ....-...--.............. 4% ‘ assorted, 17s and 17s 2 50
nn oat 1% a a “ 15s, 17s and 19s 2 75
Jettine, 1 doz. in box...... 1 — — 1 a
SNUFF. oe “cs +t 7”
Seoteh, in Dladders......... 37 se “tes Ee ; =
Mauecaboy, ti jara........... 35 “ “ “ 'No2 6
French Rappee, in Jars..... 43 “ “ “« No3 7 2
SOAP. “ i “ yi
_ Detroit Soap Co.’s Brands. ss we as - -
SEDER ee 3 30 ss & “ No3500
Queen Anne. . ee 3 85 AER i
yerman Family. ae ae N LE
Mottled German... -- 0 Oe — — —e_
Old German..... ns 2 70 huccnimmainaalt at
U_S. Big Bargam..... .....1 8)... New. Old
Frost, Floater ne 3 %5 bsg ease = =
Coeoa Castie .......-...... S00). tee
Cocoa Castile, Fancy........ 3 3 All wheat ge on 60 Ib. test.
Allen B. Wrisley’s Brands. Straight, in pig 40
Happy Wanily, fou... 2 95 or ee Dae 49
Old Country, 80.............. 3 30 cage ll! | soo
— 100...... see eeees ‘¢) Harrels. 6... 5 90
ommece, 00... ....... |. 3 15 MEAL

___spices—Whole. Bele 1 10
Allspice.-.....--+++.2-+++- 2a 9) Grameated cy 1 15
Cassia, China in mats....... 8 MILLSTUFFS

‘|| Batavie i OO. 90!) || Bean i 11 00
*¢ ‘Saigon in rolis...... - ieee 12 00
Cloves, Amboyna...... .... 2 | Screenings .............-.- 11 00
Zanzibar.......-+.-- 20) | MAGOMOA 12 00
Mace Batavia....... ...---. SO | Mixed Weed.) 0.000000. 14 50
Nutmegs, fancy........-.-.- 82 || Coarse meal...) 00 00.111. 14 00
q Ko. 1 Ce 7 eee
- le Moses oecossecevos ‘
Pepper, Singapore, black. ...18 — lots Se ee eee -
c . white... .26
SOG 3
IEEE: canine tg stg ey = NOt
ASIMee 15
Cassia, Batavia............. 20 | No.1
51 Vt mime OC See
< Saigon 200... 0.0, 42 |No
Cloves, Amboyna........... x | was
: . Zanzibar rn 35 ee ly
inger, Africae... ....... 8. 123 Ti
ae Sa OnE Ag Me Leeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 11 00
-“ - - gametes ...........16
Manee Matevia..............- 90
Mustard, English...........22 HIDES, PELTS and FURS.
- and Trie. .25 Perkins & Hess pay as fol-
° eetG. oc. cs 27 | lows:
Nutmegs, No. 2 ............- 80 HIDES.
Pepper, Singapore, black... .21 eee ...1. 6.1... 4@4%
< . white. .... 30 Part Cared............ @4
. Cayenné........... Pg ee @ 5
Herbs & Spices, small..... GS ft rye ee, 5 @6
“ - forse... 1% | Mapes ..... 0 @e
STARCH. Calfskins, green...... 3 @4
Mystic, 64 pkgs.......-..... 4 48 _ Gured...... 4%@ 5
as Garces = ce 6 Deseon skins.........- 10 @20
cok ta SUGARS. o ¥ off for No. 2.
ut Loaf.............. 7% PELTS
COR ee ee e's @ 7% Shearlings i 10 @25
Powecred 0s... @ 7% | Rsti wool, per 20 @28
Granulated, H. & E.’s..7.18@ 74 Eettmanted wou, per B 0

sc Franklin..7.18@ 74 MISCELLANEOUS,

& Knight’s...7.18@ 74 | Tallow ...............- 38%@ 4
Confectionery A...... 7 @7.06| Grease butter......... 3 @s5
No. 1, White Extra C.. 64%@ 65% | Switches .............. 1%@ 2
No, & iixtra C....,..-- 6144@ 6% | Ginseng.......... ....2 WO@2 ‘@

-. © @ Os WooL,
5% | Washed... oo...
@ 5% | Unwashed...... ..--+.---.19@22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

  

 

  
  

 

 

 

 

Drugs & Medicines.

 

 

State Board of Pharmacy.

One Year—Ottmar Eberbach, Ann Arbor.
Two Years—Geo. McDonald, Kalamazoo.
Three Years—Stanley E. Parkill, Owosso.
Four Years—Jacob Jesson, Muskegon.

Five Years—James Vernor, Detroit.
President—Jacob Jesson, Muskegon.
Secretary—Jas. Vernor, Detroit.
Treasurer—Geo. McDonald, Kalamazoo.
Next Meeting—At Lansing November 5 and 6.

Michigan State Pharmaceutical Ass’n.

President—Frank Inglis, Detroit.

First Vice-President—F. M. Alsdorf, Lansing. :

See’d Vice-President—Henry Kephart, Berrien Springs.

Third Vice-President—Jas. Vernor, Detroit.

Secretary—H. J. Brown, Ann Arbor.

Treasurer—Wm Dupont, Detroit.

Executive Committee—C. A. Bugbee, Cheboygan; E. T.
Webb, Jackson; D.E. Prall, East Saginaw; Geo. Mc-
Donald, Kalamazoo; J. J. Crowley. Detroit.

Next Meeting—At Saginaw, beginning third Tuesday

of September, 1890.

Grand Rapids Pharmaceutical Society.
President. J. W. Hayward, Secretary, Frank H. Escott.
Grand Rapids Drug Clerks’ Association.

President, f. D. Kipp: Secretary, Albert Brower.
Detroit, Pharmaceutical Society
President, J. W. Allen; Secretary, W. F. Jackman.

Muskegon Drug Clerks’ Association.
President, C. S. Koon; Secretary, J. W. Hoyt.

 

 

 

Peculiar Business Methods.

The Oregon Statesman says there is a
well-known firm in Salem that does busi-
ness on a basis that is peculiar, to say
the least. They do a large business, but
keep no books whatever, and every night,
when the business for the day is over,
they divide the cash equally between the
two partners. When bills come in to be
paid, each member goes down in his
pocket for his share of the bill. Such
is life in the far west with this firm.

There was formerly a firm in this city
who conducted business on the same plan
as above described. Wilson & Harvey
were engaged in the drug business at the
corner of Monroe and Ottawa streets for
nearly twenty years, during which time
the firm had neither a safe nor a bank
account, each partner taking his share
of the receipts and contributing equally
in the payment of salaries, bills, ete. Mr.
Wilson, who succeeded the former firm,
does not keep a bank account to this day,
preferring to carry his cash around with
him, enclosed in a rubber band.

—————_—> a
What Ambergris Is.

Ambergris, which is used as a basis for
nearly all standard perfumery, was first
found an unattractive mass floating on
the surface of the sea or lodged upon the
shore. How so unlikely a substance
ever suggested itself as a perfume is un-
known, but it has been in use for cen-
turies, and it is only until comparatively
recent times that its origin has become
known. It is nothing more than the
morbid secretion of liver of a sick sperma-
ceti whale. It is described as a fatty,
waxy substance disagreeable to sight or
touch, but even in its crude state exhal-
ing a pleasant odor. The crude substance
is subjected to chemical action to extract
the active principle, called amberine. It
was recently reported that a Maine fisher-
man picked up a mass of this substance
which nearly filled a barrel and is worth
$25,000. This is probably an exaggera-
tion both as to size and price, for the
largest piece on record was found at
Windward Islands, weighing 130 pounds.
This was sold for about $2,600.

> + >__—_
Mushrooms.

One of the wonders of Manitoba is the
remarkable growth of mushrooms, which
spring up all over the prairie in the fall
of the year. The rich prairie soil of the
country seems to form a natural mush-
room bed in which the tasty fungi de-
lights to grow. The dry years of late
have not been favorable to the growth of
the mushrooms as the wet seasons of a
few years ago, but still the supply has
been plentiful. A few years ago it was
no uncommon sight to see half-breeds
comming into the city with their carts
loaded with mushrooms. At times they
have sold as low as 10 cents per peck, at
retail inthe stores. The Manitoba mush-
rooms sometimes grow to an enormous
size, samples as large as saucers having
been seen. As an article of commerce
the mushrooms have not been handled
beyond the quantity required for local
consumption, the extremely perishable
nature of the article rendering it im-
possible to ship them to outside markets.

——————~» 4. _—_
Saccharine in Europe.

Saccharine, which is three hundred
times sweeter than sugar, is beginning to
be felt by the beet sugar manufacturers
as a very dangerous enemy. It is stated
that in Germany, already, so much sac-
eharine has been made as to render 5,000
tons of beet sugar superfluous. It is
principally employed in the preparation
of fruits and the production of sweet
liquors. Itis not afood stuff. Indeed,
it has been condemned by eminent medi-
cal authorities as directly prejudicial to
health. The sugar manufacturers are of
the opinion that saccharine should only
be sold by chemists. France, Italy and
Portugal are already contemplating im-
posing a tax upon it.

a
Registering Trade-Marks.

The mere registration of trade-mark is
not proof that the party registering is
entitled to use such trade-mark, and to
be protected in its use. This point was
decided by Judge Thayer, of the United
States Circuit Court, at St. Louis, in the
ease of Braun and another, who were
indicted for using, on a compound made
and sold by them, the label ‘‘ Bromidia,’’
when another firm was the proprietor ofa
registered trade-mark with the same label.
The judge sustained a demurrer to the
indictment in this case.

9
In a Labor Meeting.

** You are working men—”’

** Hooray V7

-* And because you are working men—”’

** Hooray 7

**You must work—’’

‘*Put him out! Put him out!’

oe
Fall Chestnut.

First Squirrel—What are you doing for
a living now?

Second Squirrel—Oh, chestnuts.
—>_.——
The Drug Market.

Quinine, opium and morphia are steady
Oil anise is higher.

ee

It pays to handle the P. & B. cough

drops.

 

 

“THE UNIVERSALS.”

tailers’ Experience.

A “Universal” isa store in which every-
thing can be bought. Like the University,
which claims to teach all branc! es, the
Universal sells all kinds of goods. They
will buy you a lot, build the house,
furnish it and supply all the daily wants
of the occupant. Under one roof can be
had everything from the cradle to the
coffin, from a needle to a ship’s anchor.
There is a story which relates how a
party set out on a wager to find an article

in stock, After long consideration they |
resolved to ask for a pulpit. The pro-|
prietor was approached and the request |
gravely made. Did it astonish him?!
Not in the least. Gravely leading the
way he brought them to a part of his es-
tablishment where stood the required
article. This is the nature of a Univer-
sal. They are the outgrowth of increased
competition and large capital, and the!
result appears to be the death of the small
trader.

A letter which appeared in an Eastern
daily shows how the competion of these
larger establishments affect the retailer
in the cities. The letter is not from a
shiftless, brainless man, but one who by
industry and judgment was a successful
merchant and manufacturer, on a small
seale, it is true, until the ‘‘ Universal’’
came with its cut prices and drove him
to the wall. This letter is from a shoe-
maker who began his life as an appren-
tice and faithfully mastered his trade.
He worked awhile as a journeyman and
from his skill and devotion to the inter-
est of his employer was paid good wages
and saved up alittle ready money. When
the master died he bought out the shop
from the executors and carried on the
business for himself. The custom steadily
increased, and he thought it prudent to
marry. He went to housekeeping in
apartments over his store and workshop,
and was worthy of his reputation as a
thrifty forehanded shopkeeper. His shoes
for women were noted for their dur-
ability, and he had a knack of making
them fit closely and yet without chafing
so as to preduce corns. His boots for
men’s wear were models, and not only
fitted well, but lasted twice as long as
those sold in the ordinary market. But
boots went out of fashion. <A few gentle-
men of the old school clung to them, but
they would makea pair of his produc-
tion last them ayear. Shoes and bootees
for men came into vogue, and these were
produced in large establishments, where
machinery was used, at a cost far below
his price. He accepted the situation, and
while he still measured and constructed
for his most particular customers, he
bought a stock for sale to others. By
skillful management he made this a
pecuniary success, and fancied that
he had now surmounted all his diffi-
culties. The blow came, however, from
another quarter. The huge bazaars,
which began by retailing dry goods,
extended their offering to ready-made
garments, and then to boots and
shoes. The quality of this offering was
the same in the main with the stock sold
by our shoemaker, but the prices, from
the large quantities disposed of, were a
little lower. The change to which it led
in the trade, however, was not due to the
price so much; it was a matter of con-
venience. A woman who was out shop-
ping for a dress was offered her shoes in
the same establishment froma very large
stock, with attentive salesmen, ‘and she
was led to buy them at the new place.
Our small dealer has only a few custo-
mers left, and even those who formerly
depended on the work made in his shop
are dropping away, as the ready-made
shoes at the price are found to be quite
as economical, and with as little care in
the selection fit about a well. His in:
come, from no fault of his, no lack of
industry, shrewdness or intelligent de-
votion to business, is hardly sufficient for
the support of his family, and he asks
piteously what there is left for him but
to shut up shop, and leave his wife and
family to the care of the Charity Com-
missioners.

This is a fair sample of the experience
of the retail dealer in all of our large
cities. These huge stores are skillfully
adapted and governed so as to draw trade
by actually giving better service for less
money than the retail dealer is able to
afford. They save money in every way.
Take the rent for instance. It is a large
sum in the aggregate buta much smaller
percentage of the business done than is
the rent of the smaller dealer who only
pays dollars where they pay hundreds.
Then the plan of division of labor that
has done so much to lessen the cost of
production in the factory is applied in
these huge bazaars with the best result.
One clerk sells the goods, another makes
the change, a boy wraps the bundle and

which one of these dealers did not have!

| asking what is to be the outcome of all
| this change. Dull times seem to press

Have They Come to Stay? One Re- more heavily on the small than on the’ of an oath, madam ?

i

' large dealers. When money is close the
| ery of bargains becomes more alluring

;and in the city the large stores where

‘everything is sold seem crowded from qay.

_ morning to night.

| _ Going Back to Coal.

| Natural gas is a great fuel, but it won’t |
| last forever. Inthe Ohio Valley, it has |
become so scarce and so high that manu- |
'facturers every where are returning to)
‘the use of coal and coke. Mining is |
‘getting very brisk again. Most of the |
glass factories at Bellaire are operated |
by coal at present. Two steel plants at|
Benwood have abandoned the use of |
natural gas and resumed coal. They
have so far been unable to get a sufficient
amount of coal to supply their demands.
The Crescent Mills have gone back to
the use of black diamonds as their fuel.
The Belmont Mills use the same, and so
does Benwood Mills and the Riverside |
Iron Works. A gentleman who is promi-
nently connected with one of the oldest
iron works in the Ohio Valley said:
‘“‘The days of the mushroom factories are
about over. There is not a factory in
Findley, Bellaireor Wheeling, using gas,
which does not have to close for several
days during each week on account of
searcity of gas. This fact has made it
patent to all manufacturers that gas is
rapidly going the doward path. The
natural consequence will be that most of
them will have to go back to coal. The
inevitable result will be that the corpo-
rations, which started in the glass and)
iron business simply because they were |
offered free fuel, must eventually drop ,
out of the market altogether. Why ?
Because as soon as they have to pay a)
good price for coal, they cannot under- |
sell the Pittsburg market any longer if
they intend to make any profit at all.
This, of course will cause them to drop
out of the field of competition. ‘So far
they have only been able to do business
atal! because they were able to offer glass
oriron lower than Pittsburg, but as soon
as they raise their scale their customers
will go back again to their old producers.
All the mines in the Ohio Valley are re-
suming work on this account, and all the
firms are granting the scale price de-
manded by the miners.’’

——_—_>_ 4 <> —____—_
Are We Going Too Fast?

This is a question which is not only
appropriate just now, butis an absolutely
necessary corollary of the situation at
which we have arrived. For some
months past fuel, raw materials, iron
and steel of all kinds, have been steadily
moving up, until, at length, they have
arrived at a point which ‘‘gives pause’’
to those who use them, and brings forth
the inquiry with which we have headed
this article. Are we going too fast? It
is not safe to say we are, but, on the
other hand, we certainly seem to have
made very considerable strides in selling
prices during the past six months or so.
There have been startling changes in a
short time, but it must be borne in mind
that the present wave of improvement
started from an excessively low level.
Prior to its coming into force everything
had fallen lower than had ever before
been known. For along time the whole
world had been suffering from a plethora
of manufactured products, but in due
course a process of crowding out took
place, and by slow but sure steps the,
natural but inevitable adjustment came
about. An enormous demand for ship-
ping set in. Further, the period of the
utility of the early lots of steel rails
came to and end,various great engineer-
ing enterprises are being carried out,
and the world’s stock of gold has been
greatly augmented. All these causes,
with others too numerous to be men-
tioned, have had their due effect, which
is what we see around us to-day. The
deep abyss into which all industry and
commerce had fallen has been well left
behind, and the momentous question be-
fore us is whether we have gone on so
fast that we are in danger of a reaction,
or whether we have only reached a level
which is but slightly above—if it is at
all above—the limits of periods:of nor-
mal activity and full enjoyment.

—< 29 <>
How 383,000 Pounds was Made a
Horse Power.

When men begin first to become familiar
with the methods of measuring mechani-
cal power, they often speculate on where ;
the breed of horses is to be found which
ean keep at work raising 33,000 pounds
one foot per minute, or the equivalent, |
which is familiar to men accustomed to;
pile driving by horse power, of raising |
330 pounds 100 feet per minute, says the |
Car and Locomotive Builder. Since
33,000 pounds raised one foot per minute
is called one horse power it is natural to |
suppose that the engineers who estab- |

 

 

 

 

each does only one thing and the manager |
sees #o it that the work is well and |
quickly done, and if any one of these is}
found whose time in not fully engaged |
the force is promptly decreased and all
useless expense saved. This system en-
ables a cheaper grade of labor to be em-
ployed, and a small portion of the money
saved on each clerk makes in the total a
sum which will engage the service of the
most capable men to fill the superior
positions and do the planning and over-
seeing for the establishment. —

Then the vast sales of these establish- |
ments secure them the lowest price in'
buying. They can purchase as cheaply

, usual careful manner Watt proceeded to

lished that unit of measurement based |
it on the actual work performed by horses. |
But that was not the case. The horse |
power unit was established about a
century ago, and the figures were settled
?jn a curidus way by James Watt. In his

find out the average work which the
horses of his district could perform, and
he found that the raising of 22,000 pounds
one foot per minute was about an actual
horse power. At this time he was em-
ployed in the manufacture of engines,
and had almost a monopoly on the engine ,
building trade. Customers were so hard
to find that all kinds of artificial en-

 

as the largest jobbing house and further-
more they run no risk of loss. They do}
a strictly cash business and can sell any- |
thing. They seldom lose a dollar on old |
stock. If an article hangs the slightest |
it is given a new name, a new price, not!
always a lower one, and advertised as a!
bargain, and away it goes.

Advertising, too, is a point on which |
they can vastly overshadow the smaller |
dealer. Their immense stores with their |
attractive signs and brilliant windows!
form a perpetual and most attractive |
advertisement. The sums paid the news- |
papers in a large city by these firms are,
simply enormous, yet they form but aj
small percentage of the business done!
and the retailer who takes a small card’
occasionally in a daily paper only to have |
it totally

tionately than do these great firms.

possible to make both ends meet.

 

can only pay reduced salaries. They are

overshadowed by his great}
rival’s ‘‘ad’’ spends much more propor-|
In |
the meantime the retail dealer finds itim-,
He;
demands cheaper goods, lower rent and’

couragements were considered necessary
to induce power users to buy steam
engines. As a method of encouraging |
business Watt offered to sell engines,
reckoning 33,000 foot-pounds to a horse |
power, or one-half more than the actual.
And thus, what was intended as a tempo-
rary expedient to promote business, has ;
been the means of giving a false unit of
a very important measure to the world.
—————~
The Lady and the Flour Barrel.

She objected to the last barrel of flour
which the grocer had brought, and after |
using a few scoop-fulls from the top of
the barrel, headed it up and told the
grocer to take it away—she should use
no such flour as that. The next barrel
brought was_ perfectly satisfactory.
‘‘Now that is something like flour,’’ she
told the family. But when she reached
the bottom of the barrel, she found her
old flour-scoop, long missing, which had
been headed up in the other end. The
grocer had merely brought back the same
barrel, with the other head uppermost.

 

|
|
| _—_—— oO |

Had Experience.
| Lawyer—Do you understand the nature

, Witness—Well, I should say I did.
My husband took off the screens yester-
day, and is putting up the stovepipes to-

COUGH

PAB sear

CINSENG ROOT.

We pay the highest price forit. Address

PECK BROS., “Suit 2ist6s"
LIQUOR & POISON RECORD

OMBINED.,
Acknowledged to be the

Best on the Market.

 

 

 

 

““THE OLD ORIGINAL.”

[Neal's

(

RE-PAINT
Your Buggy
for
75 cts.

arriage

S&ADE ONLY SY

Coler Works,

' Paints

 

 

KE. A. STOWE 2 BRO,, GRAND RAPIDS

 

Sot RELIABLE f’OooODpD

 
 
 
      
     
   

For infants and Invalids.
Used everywhere, with unqualified
success. ot a medicine, but asteam-'
cooked food, suited to the weakest
stomach. e no other. Sold by
druggists. In cans, 35c. and upward

OOLRICH & Co. on every label.

 

  

 

 

 

Wholesale Price Current.

 

Advanced—Oil Anise.

 

 

  
 

 
  
 
 

  

 
 

 

 
  

 

 
 

 

ACIDUM. ae So eee 12@ 15
iAeetiour 28)... s@ 10| Chlorate, (po. 18)...... 16@ 18
| Benzoicum, German.. 80@1 00 Cy anide ee ee ci oe eo ee 50@ 55
Mee 6c. se Bodie 2 80@2 90
Carbolicum .....00.-+- = SS
eee 5 5 | Potassa, Bitart, com... @ 15
arate A Liat = = Petass Nitras, opt..... § 10
| Nie CUM ence eee sees, 10@ 12| Potass Nitras.......... 7 9
Tok 13@ 14| Prussiate.............. 25@ 28
Phosphorium dil...... og | BUlpHaAte po.........-. 15@ 18
Salieylicum ee 1 aa . RADIX.
eam. 4. .- : i /
a 1 aiept 0 | Agomitam ...........- OB 3
Tartaricum.........--- ane a ine 20
AMMONIA. fan pe... on a
| | Calanms 00s. 2
— = pas a — Gentiana, (po. 15)..... 10@ 12
rer Glychrrhiza, (py. 15).. 16@ 18
Carbonas .....---++-+- 11@ 13 M
ae 12@ 14 oe Canaden, 3
han ae Oe coo. @ 45
ANILINE, nellebore, Ala, po..:- 15 =
6 25 ig DO. ccc ccwcccccce {
Black ......:.-..--.-.- 2 at an 40@2 50
= agen ae 5 50 a 18@ =
a. 2 0@3 a, Pt... 250
MEHOW esse ses tin - ~ Maratea: 440.00... .. @ 3
BACCAE. ri pe... 3 od =
85@2 a q
eee cee 2 ; 8@ 2 a @i 7%
Juniperus ....-- .: ‘“ rE
7 : 25@ 30 a TH@G1 35
Xanthoxylum ...------ Spicelia og) 48@ 53
BALSAMUM. s@ 60 a (po 25).. ‘on =
ipa oe eee Tr Ree
gaat ania @1 30 [Senesa 60@ 65
Terabin, Canada ....- 45@ 50 | Similax, Officinalis, H @ 40
Molutan ..-...--------- 50 iN . M @
Seiliae, (po. 35)._...... 10@ 12
CORTEX. Symplocarpus, Feeti-
Abies, Canadian......---+-- 1) aus, PO. e. @ 35
Cassiae ee eee a 11 | Valeriana, Eng. (po.30) @ 2
Cinchona Flava ....---- oe SO German... 15@ 20
Euonymus atropurp..------ 30 | Zingiber a............. 10@ 15
Myrica Cerifera, po..------- 20 @iagiper jo... 5... 00... 22@ 2
Prunus Virgini.....---++-+-- = sea
Quillaia, grd....----++---+++ ;
Sassafras ..-....-.---------- 12} Anisum, (po. 20)...... @ 15
Ulmus Po (Ground 12).....- 10 — (graveleons).. = =
are Pe
EXTRACTUM. _ | Carui, (po. 18)........- s@ 12
Glycyrrhiza Glabra... AG = oe ee eee 1 — 2
ne pO)... > | Corlandrum........... 2
Haematox, 15 lb. box.. 11@ 12] Cannabis Sativa....... 34@ 4
oo 13a 141 Gydonium.... -.--.-.. %@1 00
“ = feo. 14@ 15| Chenopodium ........ 12
‘“ Se 16@ 17 | Dipterix Odorate...... 1 75@1 85
FERRUM ——— es peesee ob :
: oenugree Oc...
Carbonate Precip..-..- @ 15) pini ai Hee sha a a @ 4%
Citrate and Quinia.... @3 50) Tini, grd, (bbl.4 )... 44@ 4%
Citrate Soluble.....--- @ = nonene aa 40
Ferrocyanidum Sol.... @ 50| pharlarisCanarian.... 34@ 4%
Solut Chloride.....-.- @ = Be a
Sulphate, com’l......- 14@ 7 Sinapis; Aiba... ..... 8@ 9
“ pUure....+++-- @ Con 1@ 12
FLORA. SPIRITUS.
iene (cca co eaa = Frumenti, W.,D_ o..2 ooge 50
Anthemis ......------- 2 “s nn. TOs
Matricaria ...... ----- 30@_ 35 eT 0@
FOLIA. Juniperis Co. oF... 4
Barosma ......--.- SS Fe a es
Cassia, Acutifol, Tin’ 93 | Spt. Vini Galli........ 1
niv Se Soc es i Wasa 35@ 50 Vini Oporto ........_-- 1 ad
Salvia officinalis, 4s Want Atpe 8: 1 25@2 00
@nd 348.......-.-.--- 10@ 12 SPONGES,
Wea Uri 22s. eee 8@ 10 4
Florida sheeps’ wool
= Carriage.............2 25@2 50
Acacia, ist picked.... @10C| Nassau sheeps’ wool
= = aa e = —-. ee 2 00
ee | Velvet extra 8 3
“sifted sorts... os - wool ——. ae 1 10
- oe .....- -.--- ( y ’
Aloe, oan, (po. 60)... 50@ 60 eects eel re sae 85
Cape, (Bo. 2): : = Grase sheep’ wool car- zo
‘ ocotri, } . Pee
Catechu, 1s, (%8, 14 48 Hard for slate use.... %
16) ee =o in Yellow Reef, for slate ile
Ammoniae ......-- WS 2
Assafcetida, (po. 30 _@ A
Benzoinum..-.....- W@ So SYRUPS.
Camphore......--- J.) oo@ SS Mceneta 50
| Euphorbium po ....-- So FO) Gingiber 50
| Galbapum, (020.2... GS Sipe 60
Gamboge, po......---- SOD 9 Werri lod...) ||...) en 50
Guaiacum, (po.45)..-- @ 40/ Auranti Cortes.............. 50
Kino, (po. 25)..-.-.--- Qi het Aro. 0)... 50
Mastic ... SRE = = Similax Officinalis. oe 60
Myrrh, (po 45).....--- U - - O... 53. 50
Opit, (pe, 5 10). ..----- 3 60@s GC) Senegal 50
Shetiae 0 es Se oO Scie 50
“  pleached...... 23@ 30 tc Co. ! 50
Tragacanth ......----- Se FO Potent ee el 50
HERBA—In ounce packages. Prunus vite. ...--.- 50
Absinthium .....----+-++++-- = TINCTURES.
Papaportom UTI a | Aconitum Napellis R....... 60
Majorum...... -.----------- 28 a ce a. 50
2 iperits.:...-.----- Oe 1 AIOCS. 8 .. 60
-——- os ses ee AE _ and myrrh............ 60
RUC. oe oc ne ne = 30 | ArniCa .........-..- ee eee ee 50
? Fe ee. S| Asatootida. 4}... 50
conga Sag ee NEED 25 | Atrope Belladonna.......... 60
‘Thymus, V¥-.....-
: Benzo oo 60
| a a CE Oe en 50
@clemed Pat. |"... -..: Som OO Ganocuingria |.) 1s. 50
| @arbouate, Pat ......- mG 22 | Baresma 0 50
| Carbonate, K.& M.... 20@ 25/ Cantharides................. 5
Carbonate, Jenning5.. 35@ 36] Capsicum ................... 50
aie wage eee So ae seco Z
. O.... tll, ee
Absinthium ..-..---_.. DOOQS OO Taster ec 1 00
Amygdalae, Dulce... .. 2 oi Gatecha 50
Amydalae, Amarae....7 25@7 50 | Cinehona ................... 50
Anis 1 90@2 00 “ ee fo: | é
| Auranti Cortex....... @e- 50 | Columba ......-...:. ae 50
| Bereamii .........-.-- > GG 00 | Conium «0. 3... 50
ee eS St OO Cubeba 50
Caryophylli ...... Ll) OO pigiaie 50
Cedar 0.) oo, Go Ere 50
| Chenopodii .......---- Gt @ | Gentian oe 50
| Cinnamoeni .:.......-- 1 35@1 40 “ Co. 60
Citronella ........--..- @ OM Gumen 50
| Conium Bige.........- 35@ 65 se anon 60
Copagpe 2) 0-2... S0@t OO) Ainptber oe .. 8. 50
Gupense:....... 6: 16 OOGHG 50 | Hyoscyamus .........-... 50
xechthiton...:....::., oar Oh iledime.7 1. 8. 75
Brigeron (22.62. .5. 00.3 1G oor | 6Calorless. ........-.. 75
(ami cieria ......5 2: 2 20@2 30
| Geranium, ounce..... @ &
| Gossipii, Sem. gal..... 50@ 75
| Hedeoma .... -cck 10@ 25
Juniper. .-..... 50@2 00
hayenduia ....... - 90@2 00
oe ee 1 50@1 80 50
Mentha Piper.......... 2 35@2 40 g
Mentha Verid........- 2 50@2 60 | AurantiCortex.-......_..... 50
Morrhuse, gal........- Seg Co! Ouaasia (200 50
Myrcia, ounce......... pot hain 6. a: 50
Cave ......,......... 102 ane Be
= Liquida, “-, a. = Cassia ——e: Se 50
tol ee W@l1 2 O..2 50
Rosmarini......... ‘o@l OO | Serpentaria ..-.. 2. i.5. cs. 50
Rosse, ounce.........: @S6 0 | Stromontinn......-.........; 60
HOGG. 2 eos ap, MOMmeaE a 60
See os ce 90a) 60 | Vaterian -....... 2. 5. 50
— ee oe eee 3 50@7 = Veratrum Veride............ 50
BABAITOS ooo oso: 56@ 6
on ess, ounce.... e 65 MISCELLANEOUS.
eS ee 1 50
iyme i... 2.3... 50 = et, opts Nit, S¥.. M@ %
te pt @ 60| a) €F.; oo a
Coen aus WIMGR: 6)... i ee oe
semana < ae - BO @ i ground, (po. as ;
Mis oo. *. 15@ 18| Annatto.....200.255.5. 55@ 60
Biehromate ........... 13@ 14] Antimoni, po.......... 4@ 5
Bromide. ..... 255.0205. 37@ 40 . et Potass T. 55@ 60

 

ARGDyEIM 8s. 1 35@1 40
Argenti Nitras, ounce @ 68
Aveewicdm ......._.... ba «7
Balm Gilead Bud..... ; 40
Bismuth S: NN... .:.. 2 10@2 20

Calcium Chlor, 1s, (4s
aa: Pee Tey, a s$
Cantharides Russian,

Oe ee @1 75
Capsici Fructus, af... @- 18
“ce a7 16

ay @

  

sé “cc po. @ 14
Caryophyllus, (po. 28) 23@ 25
Carmine, No. 40....... @3 75
Cera Alba, S.&F..... 50@ 55
Cera Flava... 2 30
Coceus 0 ts. @ #
Cassia Pruectus........ @ 15
Cenirarian 6... @ 10
Cetaceum 60st. @ 35
Chiereterm =... 32@ 35
ies squibbs .. @1 00
Chloral Hyd Crst...... 1 50@1 7%
Chondrug ..-. ..../..... 10@ 12
Cinchonidine, P. & W 15@ 20
- German 4@ 10
Corks, list, dis. per
COME 8. @ 60
Creasotum 1. 8... @ 5O
Crete, (bbl. 75)... .... qe 2
i prep 5@ 5
r precip... 10
o Mara... - 7 8
Crocus 0 35@ 38
Cudbese: @ wz
Capri Saiph.........- s@ 9
Dextrineg |. 3. 10@ 12
Mther Suiph........... 68@ 70
_Emery, all numbers.. @ 8
. ee 6
Hirgota, (po.) 45.... __. 0S 45
Miake White... |. 12@ 15
Gala. @ 2B
s i
Gelatin, Cooper....... — 90
is 60

Hreneh.._. |. 40@
Glassware flint, 75 & 10 per
cent. by box 70 less

Gluc. Brows... ||. 9@ 15
er WENEG@ ec: 138@ 25
Giyecring 2... 2@ 2%
Grana Paradisi........ 15
ae 25 40
Hydraag Chlor Mite.. @ 9
co ', Cor... 30
. Ox Rubrum @i 00
. Ammoniati.. @1 10
- Unguentum. 45@ 55
Hydrarsyram ....... |. @ 80
Ichthyobolla, Am..... 1 25@1 50
mediso eae 75@1 00
Iodine, Resubl.......- 3 75 85
fodoform 0. @4 70
apelin: 85@1 00
Lyeopodium .......__. 5 60
Mack... 85
Liquor Arsen et Hy-
rare tod. 27
Liquor Potass Arsinitis 10@ 12
Magnesia, Sulph (bbl

Pe 3
Mannia, SF: 45 50
Morphia, S. P. & W...2 65@2 90

- 5. NN. Fe:

C. Coe. 2 65@2 90
Moschus Canton...... - 40
Myristics, No.1... ... 60@ 70
Nux Vomica, (po 20).. @ 10
Os: Sepia. cs... 2 30
—— Saac, H. & P. D.

VO ee 2 00
Picis Liq, N. C., % gal -

G67 2 2 00

Picis Lig., quarts ..... @1 00

. pints. :.. @ 70
Pil Hydrarg, (po. 80) .. @ 50
Piper Nigra, (po. 22) .. @ 18
Piper Alba, (po 95)... .. @ 35
Ex Burgun:... 2... @ 7
— MO@CG se. 14@ 15

ulvis Ipecac et opii..1 10@1 20
Pyrethrum, “sith H -

&e DP Co, doz... @1 2
PYrCthtum, DY......... 35@ 40
GUASRIAe 00 8@ 10
Quinta, S.P.&W..... 2a 47

io S. German... 33@ 45
Rubia Tinctorum..... 12@ 14
Saccharum Lactis pv.. @ 35
SACU 2 25@2 35
Sanguis Draconis..... 40G 50
Saateumc |. |... @4 50
Bape: Woo... 12@ 14

oe | See 0

ee @ 15
Seidlitz Mixture...... @ B
RES @ 18

7 O06 @ 30
Snuff, Maccaboy, De
Voes ..:. @

Snuff, Scotch, De. Voes
Soda Boras, (po. 12). .
Soda et Potass Tart...
seas Carp... . 2@

wo

SSGromok BORK

Seda, Bi-Carb....._... 4G
Bods; Agno 6. |. 3@
Seda, Sulphas.....____ @
Spte KtherCo ........ 0G
= Myreia Dom..... @2
 Miyrein imp... .. @2

\ | Mint Reet. bbl
2... .... 215
Less 5e gal., cash ten days.
Strychnia Crystal 1 10
2%@ 3%

Sulphur, Subi.... |.

- Hel... 24@ 3
PeSMAEPAGS 2... 8@ 10
Terebenth Venice..... 28@ - 30
‘Theobromac -...:..... 50@ 55
Mang. 6 ... 9 00@16 00
Zanei Sulph..... 2... - %@ 8

OoILs.

Bbl. Gal
Whale, winter.......- 7 70
Lard, 6xtra.... 2.2... 55 60
Lard No. 1.:......... 45 56
Linseed, pureraw.... 58 61
Lindseed, boiled .... 61 64

Neat’s Foot, winter
Seratmee .- 0.0... o. 50 69
Spirits Turpentine.... 53 58
PAINTS. bbl Ib.
Red Venetian ......-..- 1% 2@3
Ochre, yellow Mars....1% 2@4

Ber... 1% 2@3

Putty, commercial....24 24%@3

e —, pure. ...: 2% 2%@3
Tr

Vermilion Prime Amer-
ROG) ous a 13@16
Vermilion, English.... T0@%5
Green, Peninsular..... VO@75
Lend. red. 64%@7%4q
te ite 6%@7%
Whiting, white Span... @70
oS Gilders ......- @90
White, Paris American 1 00

Whiting, Paris Eng.
oe... ..... 1 40
Pioneer Prepared Paintl 20@1 4

Swiss Villa Prepared
Mi 1 00@1 20

VARNISHES.

Wo. 1 Turp Coach..... 1 10@1 20
Extra Tur 1 1 70
Coach Body..........- 2 00

No. ft Tarp Furn. ...<- 1 00@1 10

Eutra Turk Damar....1 55@1 60

Japan Dryer, No. 1
De oe a 0@

antee Satisfaction.

HAZELTINE
& PERKINS
DRUG CO.

Importers and Jobbers of

--DRUGS—

Chemicals and Druggists’ Sundries.

Dealers in

Patent Medisines, Paints, Oils, Varnishes,

Sole Agents for the Celebrated Pioneer Prepared Paints.

We are Sole Proprietors of

WEATHERLY’S MICHIGAN CATARRH REMEDY.

We have in stock and offer a full line of

Whiskies, Brandies,
Gins, Wines, Rums.

Weare Sole Agents in Michigan for W. D. & Co.,
Henderson County, Hand Made Sour Mash
Whisky and Druggists’ Favorite
Rye Whisky.

We sell Liquors for Medicinal Purposes only.
We give our Personal Attention to Mail Orders and Guar-

All orders are Shipped and Invoiced the same day we re=
ceive them. Send in a trial order.

Haxelting & Perkins Drug Go,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

 

aying bards

WE ARE HEADQUARTERS

 

SEND FOR PRICE LIST.

Daniel Lynch,

19 So. Ionia St., Grand Rapids.

 

 

 

 

MOND Tk

CURES

Liver and
Kidney Troubles
Blood Diseases
Constipation
—AND—-

Female
Complaints

 

Being composed entirely of HERBS, 1:
is the only perfectly harmless remedy o1
the market and is recommended by al’
who use it.

 

Retail Druggists will find it to
their interest to keep the DIA-
MOND TEA, asit fulfills all that
is claimed, making it one of the
very best selling articles handled.

Place your order with our Wholesal:
House.

Diamond Medicine Go,,

PROPRIETORS,

DETROIT, - MICH.
Hazeltine &/Perkins Drug Oo.,

WHOLESALE AGENTS,
GRAND RAPIDS, -

 

MICH,

 

POLISHINA

(TRADE MARK REGISTERED.)

The Best Furniture Finish in the Market.
Specially adapted for Pianos,
Organs and Hard Woods.

‘ ‘ will remove grease and dirt, and
Polishina will add a lustre which for beauty
and durability cannot be excelled.

1 1 is clean and easy to use, as full
Polishina directions accompany each bottle,
Polishina

is put up in LARGE BOTTLES
and is sold at the moderate price of
Twenty-five Cents.

i ‘ is the Best Furniture Finish in the
Polishina market. Try it,and make your old
furniture look fresh and new.

1oh4 is for sale by all Druggists, Furni-
Polishina ture Dealers, Grocery and Hard-
ware Stores.

BEWARE OF IMITATIONS.
FOR SALE WHOLESALE

HAZELTINE & PERKINS DRUG CO,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH,

 

War Claims a Specialty,

PENSIONS FOR DISABLED SOLDIERS,
their widows and children.

INCREASE PENSIONS for those whose dis-
abilities have increased, and for those who have
become entitled toa higher rate by a depart-
mental ruling, or by act of Congress.

VETERAN BOUNTIES to all soldiers who re-
enlisted on or before April 1, 1864, during the
war of the rebellion, having previously served
in the army at any time for a period of (or
periods aggregating) nine months.

OFFICERS’ TRAVEL PAY now collectable
in every instance where a discharge or resigna-
tion was based upon a disability incurred in ser-
vice.

ALL KINDS OF CLAIMS diligently and per-
sistently prosecuted.

Sixteen years experience. My fees and other
charges are moderate and in accordance with
the law.

ADVICE FREE and CHEERFULLY GIVEN.

REFERENCES in every County in Michigan
on application.

F. I. DARLING, Attorney,
Late Special Examiner U.S. Bureau of Pensions,

46 Old Houseman Building,
Grand Rapids, Mich,

 

SUSPENDED!

S

   

ueyy qaq0 Sulssolq

By His “Better Half,”
eoyg wy Zuyjes Aq wy UO
esOdM] 0} JO[vEp OY} BUPMOT/¥’ 10g

Jd FGI") I a a

Warranted not to Thicken, Sour or Mold in
any Climate. Quality Guaranteed Against Injury
by Freezing. All others worthless after frees
=. See quotation. MARTELL BLACKING
CO., Sole Manufacturers, Chicago, Tl.

oo

 

 

 

 

 

The Michigan Tradesman

END OF A BUSY LIFE.

 

 

Death of a Veteran Soap Maker at the
Age of Eighty.

B. T. Babbitt, the veteran soap manu-

facturer, died on the 20th, at the ripeage

about it at Ravenswood, L. I. His fine
farm of 100 acres in Westchester County
is also worth considerable money. Here
he delighted to raise the big Percheron
horses that drew his heavy vans through
the streets of the city. In appearance
Mr. Babbitt was tall and commanding ;
a fine, open face, clean-shaved, with
piercing eyes and hooked nose, was sur-
mounted with a great shock of thinly-
eurled hair, jet-black in his youth, but

   

ABSOLUTELY
PURE.

Job Printing!

WHO URGES YOU

TO HhEEP

SA POLIO‘?

eee 2 BLIO!

of 80 years. The New York Tribune thus We desire to call atten-| Py Splendid and expensive advertising the manufacturers cre

tion to our facilities for|ate a demand, and only ask the trade to keep the goods in

producing first-class job| stock so as to supply the orders sent to them. Without effort

printing for the trade. on the grocer’s part the goods sell themselves, bring purchas-
If you live ina part of | @rs to the store, and help sell less known goods.

eet satistactory worewrite| ANY JOBBER WILL BE GLAD TO FILL YOUR ORDERS.
us tor estimates. amples

and prices sent on applica-
tion.

rearromene -Utnam Candy Co.,

of stationery, papers—in
fact all kinds of printers’
stock. Send sample of
what you want.

@ THE BEST FOF| ==
THE

 
 
 

refers to the principal events of his busy | for a long time snowy-white. For many

life : years he always wore about the factory,
The history of Mr. Babbitt’s life is the} which he personally superintended, a

history of the growth of the manufacture | swallow-tailed dress-coat of black broad-

of soap in America. That industry is not | cloth and a high hat.

popularly regarded as ranking among the __—-e<»___—

foremost pursuits to which men devote Dana on the Drummer.

their energies, yet to manufacture soap | From the New York Sun.

successfully, even when following in the So far as this country is concerned, the

beaten paths of soap-lore, requires much | drummer is a type of character produced

skill. For the materials are rarely of | since the war; buthe has already brought

exactly the same qualities and the process | about a radical change in the methods of ASK FOR IT.

cannot be reduced to the nice exactness | business and in the body of men pursu-

of other chemical manipulations, and|ing it. He is a distinct individuality, THE ELOPEMENT.

much depends upon the judgment and]aggressive and irrepressible, who is

experience of the operator. As in every | modifying, not merely business life, but | Elegant reproduction of the famous Water Coloi

other line of business, there is always | to some extent social life also. In this | sy Kaemmerer, issued by us at a cost of ove

THE BATH
GENERAL HOUSEHOLD)

Z-" For Sale by all Grocers.

 

Pee U mene

JOBBERS OF

some individual who takes the lead of his
competitors and maintains it, so in this
the nameof B. T. Babbitt is more widely
known perhaps than any other, and his
manufacturing establishment in this city
is probably the largest in the United
States, if not in the world, devoted to the
production of soap as a specialty. Its
yearly production reaches twenty to
twenty-five million pounds of soap.

When Mr. Babbitt entered in the busi-
ness most of the soap used in this country
was imported from Europe, and _ his
entire plant was contained ina two-story
building, twenty-five by one-hundred feet.
He lived to see the trade revolutionized
and his gigantic establishment cover
twenty-three city lots, with a floor space
of 300,000 square feet. Oneof the sights
of New York to people interested in its
manufactures has long been Mr. Babbitt’s
six immense kettles, made of heavy boiler
iron, their aggregate capacity being
3,500,000 pounds, while the value of the
raw material it takes to fill them before
boiling is $216,000. ‘‘What do you think
it costs Babbitt to keep the kettle boil-
ing 2’? was long a venerable joke in the
trade. Most of the machinery employed
in the great factory is of Mr. Babbitt’s
Dwninvention. He was possessed of a high
order of inventive genius, and a great
part of his success in the business of
manufacturing, in which a small propor-
tion of those who engage succeed, was
due to his ability when a new idea struck
him to *‘turn in’’ himself and make the
machinery necessary to carry it out.

He was born on a farm at Westmore-
Jand, N. Y., in 1809, and had little or no
opportunity in his early days for acquir-
ing an education. His boyhood and youth
were spent in farm drudgery. but when
his frame became well knit and able to
endure the harder toil of a blacksmith,
he left the farm and began to learn that
trade. moving from Westmoreland to
Utica. Here he first discovered that he
had mechanical genius, and acquired a
village reputation as an apt mender of
farm machinery. such as there was of it
in those days. Saving his earnings here,
he moved to Little Falls, Herkimer
County. and began to manufacture farm
machinery on a small scale, with con-
siderable success, making a specialty of
the construction of threshing-machines.
Here his inventive ability brought him
into prominence, for he manufactured
the first mowing-machine that would mow
ever made in the world. Having ac-
cumulated about $10,000, he desired to
extend his operations; so, placing the
management of his business in the hands
of a friend he thought he could implicity
trust, he came to New York in 1843 and
began the manufacture of saleratus.

He had not more than got fairly started
when he met with acrushing blow. His
manager at Little Falls proved recreant
to his trust, and Mr. Babbitt was left
literally without a dollar of capital.
Nothing daunted, however, he worked
away all the harder at his new enter-
prise. He met with keen competition,
and added the production of soap-powder
to his business. Still, he was making
little progress, when a fortunate dis-
covery by him effected a complete revolu-
tion in the manufacture of saleratus.
Hitherto it had been made only from
pearl-ash, but he managed to produce the
same results with soda-ash, a saying in
the process of at least 80 per cent.. This
valuable invention gave him the control
of the trade in saleratus over the whole
country, and his wealth began to ac-
cumulate rapidly.

About 1858 he began to manufacture
the various brands of soap for which he
is best known and which have made his
great fortune. All through his life his
inventive faculty was busy with some
new mechanical problem. In order to
have scope for these ideas he erected
extensive works in 1871 in the village of
Whitesboro, Oneida County, N. Y., on
the line of the Erie Canal. Not less than
$500,000 was expended on these works.
They were devoted-principally to the con-
struction of the boilers, engines and ma-
chinery required in the New York factory,
as well as to the building of the various
mechanical appliances which are Mr.
Babbitt’s own invention. Among these
may be mentioned a steam canalboat,
built to solve the difficult problem of how
to use a steam vessel in canals without
endangering the safety of the banks by
the vessel’s ‘‘wash;’’ a rotary steam
engine without piston, cylinder or valves,
and a combined steam-generator, conden-
ser and steam-heater.

Mr. Babbitt’s fondness for invention,
and the amount of time he devoted to it,
made it necessary to surrender much of
the management of his business to em-
ployes. He had started to manufacture
saleratus with a partner, I. T. Earle, but
bought him out in 1852, and never took
another. His trusted accountant for
many years, C. R. Beckwith, possessed so
entirely the old man’s confidence, that by
a series of embezzlements, he secured
$225,000 of his employer’s money with-
out Mr. Babbitt even suspecting it. The
thief was unmasked by a detective who
came upon Beckwith’s trail by accident
and the accountant served out a term in
Sing Sing for his crime, but refused to
give up the money.

Mr. Babbitt’s fortune is valued at

5,000,000, invested in his business plant
here, his branches in Philadelphia and
Cincinnati, a number of houses in New
York, his own fine home, No. 35 West
Thirty-fourth street, and his country
home and agood deal of village property

 

respect and in the effect of his wonder-
ful habits, he bears a likeness to the
sailor of the days before steam had
worked its transformations. A very in-
teresting character for the study of the
social philosophers is the modern Ameri-
can drummer.

 

 

HARDWOOD LUMBER.

The furniture factories here pay as follows for
dry stock, measured merchantable, mill culls
out:

Basswood; log-run .......... 0... .:.. 13 00@15 00

Birch, log Tun...........__............ > OOo a
Bireh, Nos. 1 and 2...._..: ee @22 00
Black Ash leptunm 14 00@16 00
Chermy, loeran ois se. 25 00@40 00
berm, Nos d and 2.0... 60 00@65 00
Caere, Cal. @12 00
Manie ljopran |... |... 12 00@13 00
Maple, sof, jogrun........-...-...... 11 00@13 00
Manic, Non tana? @2 00
Maple, clear, foormms. .:..-..... @25 00
Mavic. white, selected.........-.._... @25 00
eed Ose lopseme = 20 00@21 00
Red Oak, Nos. i and2........_....-_. 26 00@2s 00

Red Oak, 4% sawed, 6 inch and upw’d.38 00@40 00
Red Oak, 4% sawed, regular..... .30 008:

   
 
 

 

Red Oak, No. 1, step plank. @25 00
Walnut, logrun....... >... @55 00
Walnut, Nos, land? ....___- a @7%5 00
Walnuts cull ...................._-.. @25 00
Grey Hin, log-run (8. 12 00@13 05
Were 450: '62208. 14 00@16 00
Whtewood toetun = = 20 00@22 00
Wane @ak logtum = 17 00818 00

White Oak, 4 sawed, Nos. 1 and 2....42 00@43 00

FOURTH NATIONAL BANK

Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

A. J. BOWNE, President.

GEO. C. PIERCE, Vice President.
H. W. Nasu, Cashier

CAPITAL, - - - $300,000.

 

Transacts a general banking business.

 

take a Specialty of Collections. Accounts
ef Country Merchants Solicited.

F. Raniville,

Manufacturer of

LEATHER BELTING

JOBBER OF

Rubber Goods and Mill Supplies,

1 to 5 Pearl Street,
GRAND RAPIDS,

 

MICH.

WANTED.

POTATOES, APPLES, DRIED
FRUIT, BEANS
and all kinds of Produce.

If you have any of the above goods to
ship, or anything in the Produce line, let
us hear from you. Liberal cash advances
made when desired.

EARL BROS.,

COMMISSION MERCHANTS
157 South Water St., CHICAGO.

Reference: First NATIONAL BANK, Chicago.
MICHIGAN TRADESMAN, Grand Rapids.

 

 

 

TIME TABLES.

Grand Rapids & Indiana.
In effect Oct. 6, 1889.
TRAINS GOING NORTH.

 
 
  

Arrive. Leave
Traverse City & Mackinaw.......... 7:00am 7:20am
Traverse City Express............. 9:30am 11:30am
Traverse City & Mackinaw.......... 3:05pm 4:10pm
From (iecinmmags.() 6... 2. 8:45 p m

GOING SOUTH.

Cinciinatl Hxpross.....---........ 7:00am
Fort Wayne Express... ..11:45am 12:45am
Cincinnati Express..... eose Dol0 D BS 6:00 p m
Kalamazoo and Chicag: ....10:40 pm 11:05 p m

Train leaving for Cincinnati at6p. m. and arriving
from Cincinnati at 7p. m., runs daily, Sundays in-
cluded. Other trains daily except Sunday.

Sleeping and Parlor Car Service: North—7:20 a.m.
and 4:10 p. m. trains have sleeping and parlor cars for
Mackinaw City. South—7 a. m. train has chair car and
6 p. m. train Pullman sleeping car for Cincinnati; 11:05
p. m. train has Wagner sleeping car for Chicago.

Muskegon, Grand Rapids & Indiana.

Leave Arrive.
is i cs ems seciiccaccsecevesese 10:15am
cece e cee 3:45 pm

ae eee 8:45 p
Leaving time at Bridge street depot 7 minutes later.
C. L. Lockwoop, Gen’! Pass. Agent.

 

Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee.

   
 

GOING WEST.

Arrives. Leaves.
+Morning Express......... -..12:50 p m 1:00 pm
tThrouge Mai... sous Se pm 4:20pm
+Grand Rapids Express.. -oo 10s pm
MAG MEXOCR  cccccc os ccc cece ss 6:40am 7:00 am
i ee ee 7:30am

GOING EAST.
Petro, Wares... oo... ste 6:50am
irene Mat... 10:10am 10:20am
Tievemings MAprees.... kc ce 3:35 p m 3:45 pm
Magne Weagneees,. cs oc 10:30 pm 10:55 p m

+Daily, Sundays excepted. *Daily.

Detroit Express has parlor car to Detroit, making
direct connections for all points East, arriving in New
York 10:10 a. m. next day.

Grand Rapids express has parlor car Detroit to
Grand Rapids. Night express has Wagner sleeping
ear to Detroit, arriving in Detroit at 7:20 a. m.

Through railroad tickets and ocean steamship
tickets and sleeping car berths secured at
D., G. H. & M.R’y offices, 23 Monroe St., and at the depot.

Jas. CAMPBELL, Citv Passenger Agent.

Jno. W. Loup, Traffic Manager, Detroit.

 

Toledo, Ann Arbor & Northern.

For Toledo and all points South and East, take
the Toledo, Ann Arbor & North Michigan Rail-
way from Owosso Junction. Sure connections

at above point with trains of D., G. H. & M., and
connections at Toledo with evening trains for
Cleveland, Buffalo, Columbus, Dayton, Cincin-
nati, Pittsburg, Creston, Orville and all promi-
nent points on connecting lines.

A. J. PaisLEy, Gen’! Pass. Agent

5,000 dollars. A copy sent free to any address or
‘eccipt of 25 wrappers from the

(JAK=|EAF SOAP

GOWANS & STOVER, Buffoto. N.Y.

 

 

 

 

  

a bet THK .
BP Sea 1I6_|
3 I
: , sied-30 1
i
: on 42h Pryce

 

 

Every garment bearing the above ticket is
WARRANTED NOT TO RIP, and, if not as re-

resented, you are requested to return it to the
Merchant of whom it was purchased and receive
anew garment.

STANTON. SAMPSON & CG.,
Manufacturers, Detroit, Mich.

Millers, Attention

We are making a Middlings
Purifier and Flour Dresser that
will save you their cost at least
three times each year.

They are guaranteed to do
more work in less space (with
less power and less waste)
than any other machines of
their class.

Send for descriptive cata-
logue with testimonials.

Martin’s Middlings Purifier Co.,
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

5S. P. Bennett,

The “Live GOAL Man.

Wilkesbarre and Pittston Anthracite
Coal, Cumberland Blossburg Smith-
ing Coal, 72-hour Connelsville Coke.

 

 

 

Alarge supply of the above coals on track the
year around. Write for prices.

§, P, BENNETT, Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

se es
Special Notice?

All smithing coals sold by us we guar-
antee to be mined from the BIG VEIN
in the Georges Creek District. This is
the coal so favorbly known as Piedmont
or Cumberland Blossburg, and stands
unrivalled for smithing purposes.

 

Something New

Bill Snort

 

 

 

 

We guarantee this cigar the
best $35 cigar on the market.
Send us trial order, and if not
ENTIRELY SATISFACTORY
return them. Advertising mat-
ter sent with each order.

 

Charlevoix Cigar Mfg Co.,

CHARLEVOIX,

OUL«
oral N
Siem

Steam and Hot Water Heating,
Brooks’ Hand Force Pump, In-
stantaneous Water Heater, Hot
Air Furnaces, Mantels, Grates
and Tiling, Gas Fixtures, Ete.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

Plumbers’ Supplies.
184 Kast Fulton St, Head of Monroe,

Telephone No. 147.

21 Seribner Street,

Telephone No. 1109.

GRAND RAPIDS, -

MICH.

 

AND

 

MICH.

 

 

Fuller & Stowe

100 Louis St.,

Company,

GRAND RAPIDS.

HOTeIOD Fruits, Nuts and Oysters.

BEN. W. PUTNAM, Pres.

 

JAMES M. BARNETT, Vice-Pres.
FRED B. ALDRICH, Sec’y and Treas.

 

 

FP. J. DETTENTHALER,

O'S

AND——

Oa

 

Mail Orders Receive Prompt Attention.
CONSIGNMENTS OF ALL KINDS OF WILD GAME SOLICITED.

WM. SEARS & CO.

Cracker Manufacturers,

37,39 and 41 Kent St., Grand Rapids.

 

Sh.

See Quotations in Another Column.

 

Ionia Pants& Overall Co.

E. D. Voorhees, Manager.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Pants, Overalls, Goats, Jackets, Shirts, Kts,

Warranted Not to Rip.

Fit Guaranteed.

Workmanship Perfect.

Mr. Voorhees’ long experience in the manufacture of these goods enables him
Samples and prices

to turn out a line especially adapted to the Michigan trade.
sent on application.

IONIA, MICH.

  
 

Corner West Bridge

BROWN & SEHLER,

DEALERS IN

Fngines, Boilers and Mill Machinery, Farm Machinery,

Agricultural Implements, Wagons and Carriages.
Foy

gu ucuerey

   

 

tees eas

 

and North Front Sts., GRAND RAPIDS.

 

 

K. G. STUDLRY,

Wholesale Dealer in

Rubber

Boots and Shoes

Manufactured by

CANDEK RUBBER CO.

Send for Large Illustrated Catalogue fand
Price List.

TELEPHONE 464.

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

No. 4 Monroe Street,

No Gombination here

It is hardly necessary for us to

inform the trade that we do not belong
tothe Wholesale Grocers’ Combination
and that we do not sell goods at com-
bination prices.

Tbelter Spice Company.

1 AND 3 PEARL STREET.

 

Rindge,

 

CURTISS & Co.,

WHOLESALE

_Paper Warehouse.

We carry the VEBY BEST double or single bit, hand-shaved ax handle
ever made.

Houseman Block, - Grand Rapids, Mich.

BOSTON RUBBER SHOE

We carry a full line in stock and guarantee terms and prices as good as any house

Bertsch & Co.,

MICHIGAN AGENTS FOR THE

 

CoO.

selling the line. Correspondence solicited.
12, 14 AND 16 PEARL ST., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

 

Road

 

The Belkuay Wavou aud Sleigh Co,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

MANUFACTURERS AND JOBBERS IN

SLKIGHS,

SEND FOR CATALOGUE.

Logging
Delivery
Pleasure

 

OnRDHR Er

Novelties in Pertumery,

Comprising many New Shapes in Bottles, Brass Stands, China Stands,

Glass Stands, Wicker Stands, from

Jennings & Smith,

Grand Rapids, Mich.
ALL ORDERS FILLED PROMPTLY.