. The Michigan Tradesman. FOL, 7. BEACH’S @ New York (offee Rooms. OYSTERS IN ALL STYLES. Steaks, Chops and All Kinds of Order Cooking -a Specialty. FRANK M. BEACH, Prop. Daniel G. Garnsey, EXPERT ACCOUNTANT AND Adjuster of Fire Losses. Twenty Years Experience. References furnished if desired. 24 Fountain St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Voigt, Herpolshelmer & C0, Importers and Jobbers of Dry Goods STAPLE and FANCY. Overalls, Pants, Etc.,, OUR OWN MAKE. A COMPLETE LINE OF Fancy Crockery and Fancy Woodenware OUR OWN IMPORTATION. Inspection Solicited. Chicago and De- troit prices guaranteed. Cook % Bergthold, MANUFACTURERS OF AQW GASKS. than those of Write for cata- Prices Lower any competitor. logue and prices. 106 Kent St., - Grand Rapids, Mich. G. H. Behnke, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in COAL, VV O00. Flour, Feed, Grain, Hay, Straw, Ets, 30 East Bridge St., Corner Kent, WEST SIDE YARD: Winter St., one block south of Shawmut Ave., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Yo the Book and Stationery Trade: We are now State Agents for Messrs. Harper Brothers’ School Books and can furnish them at the publishers’ prices. Eaton, Lyon & Co,, 20 & 22 Monroe &t., GRAND RAPIDS, - MICH. Wm. Brummeler JOBBER OF Tinware, Glassware aud Notions, Rags, Rubbers and Metals bought at Market Prices. 76 SPRING ST., GRAND RAPIDS, WE CAN UNDERSELL ANY ONE ON TINWARE. Fine Millinery! WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. Bought Direct from Importers and Manufacturers. Adams & Co., Opposite Morton Bouse. 90 Monroe St., Cherryman & Bowen, Undertakers and Kmbalmers, IMMEDIATE ATTENTION GIVEN TO CALLS DAY OR NIGHT. Telephone 1000. 5 South Division St. GRAND RAPIDS. Lady assistant when. desired. i { BUSINESS UNIVERSITY West Michigan “snp Norwat schoo. (Originally Lean’s Business College—Est’blished 8 y’rs.) A thoroughly Seer’ permanently estab- lished and pleasantly located College. The class rooms have been especially designed in accord- ance with the latest approved plans. The faculty is composed of the most competent and practical teachers, Students graduating from this Insti- tution MUST be efficient and PRACTICAL. The best of references furnished upon application. Our Normal Department is in charge of experi- enced teachers of established reputation. Satis- factory boarding places secured for all who apply to us. Do not go elsewhere without first personally interviewing or writing us for full particulars. Investigate and decide for your selves. Students may enter at any time. Address West Michigan Business University and Normal School, 19, 21, 23, 25 and 27 South Division St., Grand Rapids, Mich. J. U. LEAN, Principal. S. G. Ketehan:, Lime, Hair, Cement, Brick, Stucco, Sewer Pipe, Tile, Fire Brick and Fire Clay. 14 West Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich. A. E. YEREX, Sec’y and Treas. Business Practice at the Grand Rapids Departm ent Business College. Ed- ucates pupils to transact and record business as itis done by our best business houses. It pays togoto the best. Shorthand and Typewriting also thoroughly taught. Send for circular. Ad dress A. S. PARISH, successor to C. G. Swens berg. Muskegon Paper 60, Dealers in FINE STATIONERY, WRAPPING PAPERS, PAPER BAGS, TWINES, WOODEN DISHES, ETC. Mail Filled. 44 Pine St, Muskegon, Mich. Magic Coffee Roaster, The Best in the World. Orders Promptly Having on hand a large stock of No. 1 Roasters—eapacity 35 lbs.—l will sell them at very low prices. Write for Special Discount. ROBT. S. WEST, 48-50 Long CLEVELAND, OHIO. KDMUND B. DIKEMAN THE GREAT Watch Maker = Jeweler, 14 CANAL SY. Grand Rapids, - Mich. St., e HIRTH & KRAUSE, DEALERS IN Shoe FRENCH TOILET, SAFETY BARREL, GILT EDGE, RAVEN GLOSS, BIXBY’S ROYAL, SPANISH GLOSS, BROWN’S FRENCH. Dressings BIXBY’S “3 5,” JACQUOT’S FRENCH, BARTLETT’S f ” GENUINE :. M. Polish e Blacking. W arren’s “Klnar of Lite Cigar Will be ready Sept. 1. Price, $55 delivered. Send orders at once to GEO. T. WARREN & 60O., Flint, Wich, GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1889. MAN, coMPANY Show Case Prices Lower than Ker QUALITY THE BEST. W rite for Prices. 63—65 CANAL ST. catherly & Co.) (Formerly Shraves, «. CONTRACTORS FOR Galuanized Iron Cornice, Plumbing & Heating Work. Dealers in Pumps, Pipes, Etc. Mantels and Grates. Weatherly & Pulte, GRAND RAPIDS. - - To The Trade! PERSONAL E. ©. Tube. Will hereafter act as our representative in Grand Rapids and vicinity. CEO. MOEBS & CO., MANUFACTURERS OF “Ben Hor” “Record Breakers,” And other fine cigars. DETROIT, - MICH. MICH. ALLEN DURFEE. A. D, LEAVENWORTH. Allen Durfee & Co., PUNERAL DIRECTORS, 103 Ottawa St., Grand Rapids. Fehsenfeld & Grammel, (Successors to Steele & Gardner.) Manufacturers of BROOMS! Whisks, Toy Brooms, Broom Corn, Broom Handles, and all Kinds of Broom Materials. 10 and 12 Plainfield Ave., Grand Rapids. WM. M. CLARK, Manufacturer of Custom Made Shirts. Fit and Quality Guaranteed. Our cutting is done by Chas. R. Remington, who was for nine years cutter for Gardiner & Baxter, who will cordially welcome his many friends in the trade. 7 Pearl St., Grand Rapids, Mich, Apples, Potatoes, Onions. FOR PRICES, WRITE TO BARNETT BROS, Wholesale Dealers, CHICAGO. ROADS AND ROAD-MAKING. | Exhaustive Treatment of the Subject. by a Noted Engineer. [CONTINUED FROM LAST WEEK. ] It should be borne in mind that this is not a mere paper organization, or code of | forgotten statutes, but an actual working system in fulloperation to-day. It is the result of 120 years of thought and labor devoted to an important subject by some of the best minds in France, and the result is the most superb system of roads to be found anywhere in the world. The cost is surprisingly small, considering what is accomplished. The actual cost per mile of maintaining the national roads (all macadamized) is given in De- vauve’s Manual for each of the eighty- seven departments. It varies from $60 to $500 per mile, with an average of $150, of which about half is for labor and half for materials. For maintaining less important roads the average cost per mile is as follows: departmental roads, $135; important local roads, $92; ordinary local roads, $57; by-roads, $42. It would seem as if a somewhat analog- ous system might be devised in America, by which the roads in each State might be placed in charge of the State Engineer, the repairs in each county to be made by the county survey, or according to the instructions of the State Engineer, a uniform road tax of say five mills to be levied throughout the State, but the amount of taxes raised in each county to be expended in that county. With an estimated valuation in the State of New York of $1,200,000,000 (exclusive of city property) for the census of 1890, such a tax would yield $6,000,000 per annum for the roads of the entire State; and this sum judiciously expended, according to well- digested plans and under competent supervision, would in a few years rebuild nearly all our important roads and main- tain them in good order.* The present system of independent action or inaction by each board of county commissioners is known to be a complete failure. What it costs for the entire State cannot be stated, for there are no statistics on the subject. Possibly, if the statistics were available, it would be found that the total cost is fully as great as the sum above stated, although the result almost nothing. As for toll roads, and compul- sory labor or a tax in lieu thereof, they are both out of date at the end of the nineteenth century. In brief, then, the only system for good country roads, as shown by universal ex- perience, is a bed of stone, broken into small angular fragments and thoroughly rolled, and maintained in good order bya small force of laborers, under proper organization and supervision, constantly at work summer and winter in cleaning off the road and repairing any defects the moment they appear; to which must be added from time to time, according tothe amount of traffic and resulting wear, a general renewal of the road surface with the same materials. City streets are simply roads of very heavy traffic, and the problem of paving is road-making designed to meet certain special conditions. A vast amount of ingenuity has been expended in the effort to make pavements that would be inde- structible, but the effort is entirely futile. In the constant attrition of wheels and pavement something must be worn, and if the pavement indestructible the vehicles will soon be destroyed. That pavement is the cheapest which affords the least wear to its own surface and to the vehicles combined. A good pave- ment should be durable, smooth, cleanly, as nearly noiseless as possible, and afford a good foothold for horses. Every form of construction material—iron, — brick, stone, tand wood—has been tried in every conceivable manner of application during the last fifty years. The results of this large experience—as to cost and dura- bility, ease of traction and cleanliness, noiselessness and slipperiness—have been carefully studied by French and English engineers, and to a certain, though much less, extent by American engineers. While it cannot be said that the exact amount of wear in terms of the traffic has been fully determined, nor that the effect of different pavements upon the wear of vehicles and the cost of trans- portation has been mathematically de- monstrated, yet certain fundamental principles are now generally admitted by all who have given careful thought to the matter, viz.: 1. A foundation is neces- sary, which constitutes the real pave- ment, and which is indestructible. 2. On this foundation a suitable wearing surface should be laid, and renewed from time to time. 3. The only suitable wear- ing surfaces are stone blocks, asphalt and wood. i In reality, these principles are only a development of the macadam road. Since the surface of macadam is worn too rapidly by heavy traffic, it must be pro- tected with a renewable surface, leaving the body of broken stone as the perma- nent road-bed. As broken stone and cement mixed with sand will acquire in a few days the solidity that macadam will attain only after several months or years, the bed of macadam metal has naturally given place to a bed of concrete. Thisis is is *A bill of a somewhat similar character is now pending in the Pennsylvania Legislature. It provides for a uniform road tax of seven and a half mills, to be raised in each county by a board of road commissioners, and expended under their direction by a county engineer, provided that not less than forty per cent. of the road tax shall be expended in macadamizing or other per- manent improvement. The act further provides that the county engineer shall be appointed by the Court of Common Pleas, that the roads shall be classified into highways, roads and lanes, that the county shall be subdivided into dis- tricts,each in charge of a supervisor, and that he shall make plans and specifications for all work upon roads and report at stated periods concerning the same. The only defect in the proposed plan is its failure to provide some cen- tral supervision for the entire State, so that the roads should be constructed and maintained on a uniform system in the different counties. +Asphalt pavements are really a form of stone. The asphalt which they contain acts as acement to hold together the limestone or sand which forms the body of the material, being from 85 to 95 per cent. of its weight. universally conceded to be the proper | foundation for any good city pavement. A thickness of six inches has been found by experience to be amply sufficient ; in eases of exceptionally heavy traffic it should be made of Portland cement, but in all other cases the ordinary American cements are quite strong enough. In selecting the wearing surface, due regard should be had to the gradient, the traffic, and the climate. Stone blocks are the most durable, but they are the most expensive the most noisy, and offer the greatest resistance to traffic. Asphalt is the smoothest and cleanest, but it should not be used on grades of more than 439 in 100. Wood is the least durable, but it is smooth and noiseless. Among different kinds of stone, sandstone and .limestone are not sufficiently durable, and trap is so hard that it polishes and becomes very slippery under traffic. Hence, granite is considered the best stone to use. Of asphalt there are two. varieties, the natural bituminous limestone of France, and the artificial bituminous sandstone, made by mixing sand with pure asphalt, which is largely used in many American cities. Of wood, many varieties both hard and soft have been used, but the best wooden pavements of London and Paris are made of Baltic fir. Acting on these general principles, engineers have usually recommended granite blocks in streets of heavy traffic or steep grades, and asphalt or wood for residence streets. They have for many years condemned macadam asa city pave- ment on account of its lack of durability, and because it cannot be kept clean, being always muddy when watered and dusty when dry. There are still large areas of macadam in the cities of Europe as well as of New England, but the expense of maintaining them is so great that they are being replaced as raipdly as possible. The wood pavement on a concrete founda- tion has not been pupular in America on account of its lack of durability, the wood surface requiring renewal every five or six years; but it is largely used in London and Paris. The granite block surface has been used more largely than any other, an undue importance having been attributed tothe element of durability regardless of all other qualities. But of late years the questions of unoiselessness, cleanliness, and ease of traction have been more fully considered, and the result has been a large development of smooth-surface pavements, i. e., asphalt and wood. The limits of this article do not admit an exhaustive statement of the relative merits of the different kinds of road sur- faces, but certain facts in relation to them may be briefly stated. 1. Ax to Durability.—The average life of granite blocks under heavy traffic, in London, is fifteen years, during which time the wear is about two inches, and the edges become so rounded that the pavement is as rough as cobble-stones. They can then be taken up, redressed, and laid on streets of lighter traffic, where they will last for twenty years more, during which time the wear is another two inches. The blocks are then so worn that they have not sufficient depth for a pavement surface, but can be sent to the crusher and broken up for concrete. The average life of asphalt as laid in London and Paris is seventeen years. Cheapside was paved with ashpalt in 1871, and atter sustaining the heaviest traffic for seventeen years,.it had worn down about one inch when it was resur- faced in 1878. The lifeof asphalt as laid in America is not yet fully determined. The first good asphalt pavement was laid on Pennsylvania Avenue, in Washington, in 1876, and it is reported that it will be resurfaced this year, after thirteen years’ use. On the other hand, several streets laid in Washington in 1879 are in perfect order, and do not show any apparent diminution in thickness after ten years’ use. It is probable that the average life will prove to be about fifteen years. The average life of wood in London and Paris is from six toseven years, as shown by the experience of large numbers of streets. 2. Ease of Traction.—Elaborate experi- ments have been made by Morin, Mac- Neil, Rumford, Gordon, and others, to determine the force required to draw a given load on various surfaces. The re- sults agree fairly well, and show that the force is from 1-20 to 1-133 of the load, de- pending on the surface. The result of all the experiments as regards the rela- tive value of different surfaces, is as fol- lows: Force required to draw one ton. ae 10 lbs. PES eee Db © Weed oc. Best stone DlG¢KR.. ao Inferior stone blocks... s oo Averace cobble stone...) .. . 90 as... mm Bae 2 ¢ i. e., if a certain amount of force is neces- sary to draw one ton on iron rails on level ground, it will require additional force in the proportions. above stated to draw the same load on the other surfaces. The importance of these facts is but little realized, and in the absence of accurate statistics as to the number of vehicles, the amount of tonnage, and the distance traveled in large cities, it is impossible accurately to demonstrate their effect: but it can be approximately estimated. For instance, in the city of New York it is estimated that there are 12,000 trucks, carrying an average load of 114 tons for twelve miles on each of 300 days in the year, at an average daily cost of $4 for each truck. The result is about 65,000,- 000 tons transported one mile in every year, at a total cost of $14,400,000, or at the rate of over 22 cents per ton-mile. The excessive nature of this charge is seen when it is remembered that the same goods are now carried by rail at 6-10 of 1 cent. per mile. On asphalt or wood pavements the same horses could trans- port a load three times as heavy as on the present rough stone pavements. If the saving in transportation is proportional to the load carried it would amount to nearly $10,000,000 per annum. It is safe to say that at least one-half of this amount would be saved by substituting smooth pavements for those now in use in New York. 3. Cleanliness.—The joints of a block pavement are receptacles for manure, urine, and all other street filth, and these joints can never be perfectly cleaned. The only remedy is to make the joints as small as possible. This is easily accom- plished in wooden pavements where the blocks are sawed to exact shape. In stone pavements it is more difficult, but the dirt spaces are reduced to a minimum by filling the joints with gravel and hot tar, which renders them water-proof, and fills them up flush with the surface. When this work is carefully done with proper materials the filling is very durable, and remains in place for many years. It can easily be replaced when worn or broken by travel, by raking out the joints and refilling them. On asphalt pavements there are no joints, the surface being continuous, and for this reason the asphalt is the cleanest of all pavements. There are two methods of cleaning streets. The cheapest, and the most commonly used, is to clean the pavements (preferably at night, and after being sprinkled to lay the dust) by revolving brooms attached to carts. The broom is set at an angle, and revolved by cog- wheels connecting with the main wheels. The dirtis thus brushed into the gutter, where it is collected into piles and re- moved by carts. The other method con- sists in removing by hand every particle of manure or dirt the instant it is placed on the street. Boys or men are stationed on every block, and provided with a broom and dust-pan, or canvas bag, into which they brush the dirt, and deposit it in a receptacle placed on the sidewalk, whence it is removed every few hours by earts. Broadway between Seventeenth and Twenty-third streets, and Fourteenth and Twenty-third streets between Fifth and Sixth avenues, in front of the large dry goods stores, are thus cleaned by private enterprise. In London, this work is done at public expense by large num- bers of boys between ten and fourteen years of age, whose dexterity in darting between the horses and wheels in the most crowded thoroughfares is quite re- markable. Iron boxes are placed on the curb-stones at intervals of about one hun- dred and fifty feet, into which they empty the contents of their dust-pans, and the boxes are in turn emptied into carts, and hauled away every few hours. The ex- pense of this hand labor is much greater than a daily sweeping with machines, but itis very much more effective. Where the streets are not properly cleaned, sprinkling is resorted to in order to lay the dust, and the result is only to substi- tute one evil for another, for the sprink- ling turns the dustinto mud, and renders all pavements very slippery. Pavements of all kinds should be kept dry and per- fectly clean. 4. Noise.—The asphalt and wood pave- ments have a great superiority over stone in the matter of noise. Wood is probably the most noiseless of all, as the only sound is alow rumbling, due to the wheels passing over the joints of the blocks. On asphalt there is a click of the horses’ feet, but no noise from the wheels: this is hardly noticeable in summer, but is ob- served in winter, when the pavement becomes harder. But both the rumbling and the click are insignificant in com- parison with the roar caused by the ming- ling of countless blows of iron shoes and wheel tires on stone blocks. Several eminent physicians have expressed the opinion that this incessant noise is the chief cause of the nervous diseases which have come to be such a feature of modern city life. 5. Foothold.—The opinion generally prevails that granite block pavements are less slippery than smooth pavements, but eareful observations show that this is not the fact. ‘The best foothold for a horse is afforded by the soft dry soil of a race- track; next to this is a gravel road, and then macadam. Butall of these surfaces are out of the question on heavily traveled streets. Exhaustive experiments, con- ducted by Colonel Haywood, in London, showed that the relative proportion of falls of horses on different pavements, under the average conditions of weather, was as follows: On asphalt, 1; on granite, 1.47; on wood, 0. Similar ob- servations in American cities established the following: On asphalt, 1; on granite, 1.40: on wood, 0. It is thus evident that under ordinary conditions, such as exist on probably three hundred and fifty days in a year, the number of accidents to horses is much greater on stone pavements than on either asphalt or wood. In fact, the surface of granite, or of any stone sufficiently hard for use on streets, polishes under traffic and becomes very slippery. The only foothold afforded to the horses is in the joints between the blocks. On the other hand, under certain conditions, such asa light, dry snow, or a fine rain on a dirty surface, asphalt and wood are more slip- pery than stone. The surface of these materials is not so slippery even under these circumstances as the stone, but they have no joints to prevent the horse from completely losing his footing. The num- ber of accidents on stone pavements, under the circumstances named, is very great, but not so great as on the smoother pavements. But when kept dry and clean, both asphalt and wood afford a perfectly good foothold for horses, if reasonable care is exercised in turning corners. It is the practicein London and Paris to sprinkle sand on the smooth pave- ments, when the conditions are unfavor- able, and the same practice is followed daily under all circumstances by the street car companies in New York on the stone pavements used by their horses. 6. Cost.—The prices of labor and ma- terials differ so widely in various cities and at times in the same city, the condi- tions of traffic and cleanliness are so different on different streets, and the character of the maintenance is so differ- ent, that it is extremely difficult to form NO. 320. comparative tables of cost of the differ- ent road surfaces that can be relied upon as accurate. It is evident at a glance | that the cost of construction is only one | factor in the problem, and not the most jimportant one. The main question to be | determined is the cost of construction |and interest on the same added to cost of maintenance during along term of years. | And by maintenance is meant maintain- ing the surface in a condition practically as good as when first laid. Of course if stone blocks are placed upon a street and become full of ruts and depressions at the end of five years (as has happened on Broadway between Seventeenth and Twenty-third streets), these defects will not become very much worse in another twenty or even thirty years, even if no repairs are made. The cost of mainten- ance under such circumstances would be very different from the figures obtained from the experience of Paris, London, Manchester, or Liverpool, where the surface is always kept in goodorder. In the following statements the comparison is made between different pavements laid in the best manner, with concrete foun- dations, and maintained at all times ina condition substantially as good as when first put down. In Law and Clark’s Treatise on Roads are given a great number of tables of first cost and maintenance of pavements in English cities, and in Debauve’s Man- ul and the notes of the engineers ac- companying the annual budgets of Paris are given similar datain regard to French cities. They differ widely, according to varying circumstances, but all agree in showing the excessive cost of macadam under city traffic, which ranges from fifty cents to over two dollars per yard in every year. They also agree in the general statement that of pavements proper the granite is the cheapest, asphalt, next, and wood the most expen- sive. The only scientific attempt to re- duce these varying data to a uniform basis of cost for a given traffic that made by Mr. Deacon in a paper read be- fore the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1879, and since widely quoted. He had extensive statistics of cost and traffic in several English cities, and he reduced them to a uniform standard of 100,000 tons of traffic per year on each yard of width of the pavement. This is equiva- lent to about one hundred tons per day on each foot of width, and would be pro- duced on a street forty feet wide by about 5.000 vehicles of an average weight, including load, of 1800 pounds each. This is substantially the traffic of Fifth avenue, in New York. He counted in- terest at three per cent., sinking-fund at fifty years, and maintenance at actual cost. His figures are as follows: For 100,000 tons annual traffic per yard width: granite blocks, 26 ets. per bituminous conerete, 45 ets.; wood, 52 cts.; macadam, 71 cts. The ‘bituminous concrete’’ referred to in his tables was a mixture of coal-tar and gravel used in Liverpool. Data now available for asphalt streets would place their cost about midway between granite blocks and bituminous concrete, i. e., about 35 cts. In America, owing to the absence of accurate statistics on the cost of maintain- ing granite, it is difficult to give exact figures, but it is believed, from present experience, that the relative expense of the granite block pavement on Fifth avenue and the asphalt pavement on Madison avenue in fifty years will be as follows, per square yard per annum: is of yard per year; Granite. Asphalt. Cost of Construction............ .3£.60 $3.75 Interest at 3 per cent. and sink- ing fund at fifty years.... 2a 22 Anniial maintenance............ 04 -10 Three renewals of surface at We eae 15 . Four renewals of surface at $2.25 18 Mosel per your. ............... .46 .50 In the above statement the cost of re- newing granite surface is taken at $2.00 per yard. The actual cost, on the basis of the contract price for Fifth avenue, would be $3.75, from which should be deducted the value of the old stones, es- timated at $1.25, which would be avail- able for redressing and use on the lighter streets. There are no statistics in America as to the expense during a term of years of wood pavementon a concrete foundation. In Paris the current contracts run for eighteen years, and the entire cost, both of construction and maintenance, is paid in annual installments during that period of eighty-nine cents per yard for each year. It is stipulated that the surface is to be renewed every six years. In brief, then, of the three wearing surfaces granite block is the cheapest, but at the same time the noisiest, the most destructive to vehicles, and the most expensive for transportation. As- phalt is the smoothest and cleanest, and is slightly more expensive than granite; wood is the most noiseless, is quite smooth, but is the most expensive. There are various other pavements, such as brick, wooden blocks on plank, macadam, ete., which are useful in villages and small towns, but are incap- able of standing the traffic of large cities, and hence are not discussed here. ee A story is told about one of the mem- bers of the Flint Union Blues while the Michigan State troops were in camp. The story is also vouched for for its veracity. One of the members of the F. U. B.’s was doing guard duty, and while at his posta gentleman came along, and the boys along the line did their best at saluting the passer-by. Noticing that the Flint youth gave no salute, the man asked him why he did not salute as the other soldiers had done. ‘‘Didn’t have to,’’ came the unsatisfactory reply. “But you saw your comrades did ?’’ ‘‘Well, I don’t salute every gol darned farmer that passes along these parts, sir, if they do,’’ came the reply. ‘‘Do you know whom you address that way? I am Governor Luee.’’? ‘‘Eh! oh! gosh! Excuse me, Governor, just once.’’ 5) The Michigan Tradesman AMONG THE TRADE. GRAND RAPIDS GOSSIP. A. E. Brooks & Co. are out with a new candy wagon. OAlfred J. Brown has handled over 15.000 baskets of New York grapes so far this season. A. Lindsay has opened a grocery store at Milton Junction. The stock was pur- chased here. co Delmore Hawkins has opened a grocery store in Paris township. The stock was purchased here. Gleason Bros. have opened a jewelry store at 44 West Bridge street. They hail from Cedar Springs. Samuel Lyon will open up for business at Chicago on December 1—not Novem- ber 1, as stated last week. Baer & Bolt have engaged in the grocery business at Grand Haven. Olney, Shields & Co. furnished the stock. F. B. Richardson & Co. have engaged in the grocery business at Owosso. I. M. Clark & Son furnished a portion of the stceck. B. Schell. formerly of Spring Lake, but recently in the Bridge street hill, has sold out to G. H. Cummings. grocery business on S. W. Glover has engaged in the grocery business at the corner of Jefferson and Griggs avenues. Amos S. Musselman & Co. furnished the stock. M. D. Weeks has purchased a half interest in the cigar business of J. K. Delbridge, at 341 South The new firm will be known as Delbridge & Weeks. Division street. Wm. H. Tibbs bid in the Frank H. Eseott drug at chattel mortgage sale, last Saturday, and immediately re- sold the stock to the Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., which is now in possession. stock Hyman Brown, formerly engaged in the clothing business on Canal street, but for the past year and a half at Cadillac, has removed to this city and re-engaged in the same business at 19 West Bridge street. AROUND THE STATE. Cadillac—Geo. Hotelling has opened a restaurant. Detroit—Karrer have dissolved. Sand Lake—M. Crothers will engage in the meat business. Berlin—M. Fuller has bought J. Mon- roe’s meat market. Montague—Austin & Warnick, general dealers, are closing out. Decatur—Mrs. Geo. Reiley has opened a restaurant establishment. Dorr—M. Herp and Frank Track have engaged in the meat business. Sault Ste. Marie—Mr. Crawford has engaged in the meat business. Harriscn—ZJ. Silverstein is by J. Lev son in general trade. Jackson—Geo. W. Watrous moved his shoe stock to Lansing. Charlevoix—G. W. Jefferies has bought Carr’s fruit store near the bridge. Morrice—A. B. Clark & Co. have pur- chased P. Booth’s hardware stock. Chesaning—G. M. Peet & Co. succeed Peet & Wagner in the meat business. Albion—Grafi Bros. succeed Louns- bury & Graff in the lumber business. Jackson—Q. Walker, Jr., has opened a grocery store at 702 East Main street. * Davisburg—Howard Seeley has pur- chased J. O. Shepard’s hardware stock. Gooding — Wilmer Heath, of Sparta, has engaged in the hardware business. Reed City—J. M. Cadzow succeeds Cad- zow & Gow in the dry goods business. 30yne Falls—F. M. Chase will open an agricultural implement warehouse here. Sunfield — Geo. Davis contemplates building a blacksmith shop at Woodburg. Alton —John Bergin has moved to Grand Rapids to engage in the meat busi- ness. Kalkaska — G. W. Wooden succeeds Kellogg & Wooden in the grocery busi- ness. Holland—Mrs. Bertsch succeeds Van- & Phillips, grocers, succeeded has re- denberg & Bertsch in the millinery busi- ness. Hudson—F. N. Upton, boot, shoe and clothing dealer, has assigned to Ira Swaney. St. Ignace—W. E. McAdams succeeds McAdams Bros. in the book and stationery business. Hillsdale—The dry goods stock of W. G. Winans & Co. is being closed out by creditors. Cedar Springs—C. J. Bradish, of Sand Lake, will engage in the harness busi- ness here. Detroit—Ryan & Bourke, salt and fish dealers, have dissolved. Wm. A. Bourke continues. Hart—Chas. H. Leonard has purchased an interestin Geo. H. Rhodes’ grocery business and the style of the firm is now Rhodes & Leonard. i Charlotte— A. D. Baughman & Co., dry goods dealers, have dissolved, C. O. Irish and C. W. Stults retiring. A. D. Baughman continues. Gobleville—F. D. Herman has sold his bakery and grocery stock to S. R. Harris, of Allegan. Norway — O’Callahan Bros.’ store burned Oct. 26. Loss, $2,500; insur- ance, $1,000. Howard City — Mrs. M. L. Gale, of Lakeview, will engage in the millinery business here. Jackson—Homer D. Fisher is succeeded by Morrell & Smith in the grocery and bakery business. Coloma—E. A. Hill has added a line of hardware to his furniture, wagon and harness business. Rapid River—The general stock of Hibbard & Co. is being closed out on chattel mortgage. Charlevoix—Misses Effie Berdan and Lottie Mason have bought Byron See’s dry goods stock. Fremont—W. Harman, general dealer, contemplates moving to Lima, Ohio, on account of his health. Ironton—J. G. Peterson, whose store and grocery stock recently burned, has commenced rebuilding. Dorr—Jas. Riley has his building nearly completed and will move his grocery stock into it. Hastings—Townsend, Blinston & Co. succeed Smith & Blinston in the agricul- new store tural implement business. Dexter—David E. Waite has opened a hardware store in the building formerly occupied by Devine & Quish. Sparta—Shelby Field and Will Ballard 1ave opened a new hardware store under the firm style of Field & Ballard. Sutton’s Bay—The liabilities of H. & J. Deuster, who recently assigned, ag- gregate $9,000, and assets $13,000. Big Rapids — Mrs. J. Stillwell second-hand furniture has opened a store under the management of J. Stillwell & Son. Hastings—O. D. Spaulding has pur- chased of Ike Hendershott the business block now occupied by Hams & Van Arman. Hastings—C. D. Beebe has purchased the business lot of O. D. Spaulding and will erect a three-story brick structure thereon next spring. Big Rapids—The grocery stock of N. Seott, who succeeded C. F. Mynning, has been taken possession of by Darrah Bros. ona chattel mortgage. Cheboygan—The Reliance Milling Co., of Vassar, has rented the double store of Mr. Moloney, and will open a flour and feed store in the near future. Detroit—H. S. Robinson & Co. will sue- ceed the present firm of H. 5. Robinson & Burtenshaw on December 1, when the copartnership expires by limitation. Vermontville—John DeWitt has sold his store building and general stock to of Chicago. A. L. Jones assumes the management of the business. Hudson—Ham. Harlan has purchased an interest in the boot and shoe stock of John George & Son. The business will be continued under the style of John George & Co. Edmore—Frank Dreese will close out his general stock by January 1, when he will remove to Centralia, Washington Ter., where he already hasa store in suc- cessful operation. Traverse City—M. Winnie has dis- posed of his crockery stock, and will go out of that branch of the business to en- able him to add to and enlarge the hard- ware department of his store. Cadillac—M. O. Call has purchased the restaurant of Edwards D. A. Ed- wards will teach school at Hobart during the coming winter. John Edwards is undecided as to his future movements. Jones & Co., 3ros. MANUFACTURING MATTERS. Luecas—John Scholten is putting up a charcoal kiln. Allendale—Jas. his shingle mill. South Haven—A. M. Prouty is erecting a new Stave factory. Cheshire—W. L. Torrey has begun run- ning his shingle mill. Dexter—H. Wiltse & Son have opened a harness shop here. Howard City—Geo. Ketchum has sold his shingle mill to Frank H. Peterson. Allendale—F. J. Fox & Co. have shut down their shingle mill for the season. Casnovia—H. C. Hutchins, of the firm of Williams & Hutchins, wagonmakers, is dead. Dorr—The grist mill will soon begin operations under the management of Mr. Clark. Ionia—The Hammel Cigar Co. has been organized here, with J. F. Hammel as manager. Evart—The Knapp & Baldwin shingle mill is advertised to be sold at chattel mortage sale. Belding — Moreland & Hagreen will open a cigar factory in the rear of the city drug store. Wayne—Prouty & Glass, manufactur- ers of carriage woodwork, have assigned to Jas. R. Hosie. Detroit — The Detroit Woodenware Works has been incorporated, with a capital stock of $40,000. Harbor Springs—E. Shay is erecting a building, 80 feet long, which he will use as a foundry and machine shop. Hart—M. Bosworth is putting in a new water wheel and fitting up the sawmill for operation the comming season. has started Phillips Hastings—H. L. Newton will move the old carding mill toa better location and put in machinery for a planing mill. Muskegon—The L. L. Arms Shingle and Lumber Co.’s mill started up Novem- ber 4, for the remainder of the season. Eaton Rapids—Harden, & Sweeting’s hot air dry house burned Oct. 28. Loss $1,000, with no insurance. They will rebuild at once. Hudson—Geo. H. Avis retires from the firm of the Hudson Milling Co. John K. and John H. Boies continue the business under the same style. Muskegon—W. J. Danforth will erecta one-story factory building on Pine street and engage in the manufacture of screens, doors, sash and blinds. Muskegon—Newcomb & Massey have begun work in their new cigar factory. They will put out a new brand to be known as ‘“‘Charley and Bob.”’ Dorr—Brautigam Bros.’ new turning factory will be ready for operation this week. They will run a band saw and carv- ing machine in connection with it. Allegan—Streeter & Son have turned their paper and sawmills over to Buyce & Hayes. who will conduct them and re- ceive a certain price from the owners for the output. Gobleville—_A. B. Clark and C. W.- Springer have engaged in the manufac- ture of advertising and store signs of all kinds under the style of the Gobleville Sign Works. Cheboygan—Aldrich & Kedzie, shingle makers, have dissolved partnership. Mr. Aldrich will engage in the lumber busi- ness and Mr. Kedzie will continue the manufacture of shingles. Scottsville—Powers & Young, of Ferry, have purchased a site and will build and operate a blind, sash and door factory, combining with it machinery for the manufacture of other woodenware. Owosso—Melvin & Berry, wagon mak- ers, need additional factory room and will give a bond to employ fifteen men and manufacture 1,000 carts before March 1, if the necessary bonus is forthcoming. Luther—At a meeting, held ning last week. the business men of this place agreed to furnish a site and erect a two-story building for a manufactory that will employ forty men and work up hard one eve- wood. Shelby—The organization of a stock company with a capital of from $10,000 to $20,000 to establish a novelty manu- factory — making baskets, toothpicks, clothespins, Dr. Sabin’s, baths, etc., is under advisement. 3ig Rapids—The Big Rapids Furniture Manufacturing Co. has taken possession of the J. Stillwell & Son furniture stock on a chattel mortgage, paid the Crescent Furniture Co.’s claim and assumed the other mortgaged indebtedness. Muskegon—The erection of a new roll- ing mill for steel and iron, employing seventy-five men, is in contemplation, if a bonus of $10,400 cash, $20,000 loan and a ten acre site on Muskegon Lake, with 400 feet of water frontage, are provided. a Gripsack Brigade. M. D. Weeks continues on the road for the new firm of Delbridge & Weeks, cigar manufacturers. Cornelius Crawford is happy over the advent of a lusty son, who put in an ap- pearance last Friday. E. Bullock, city salesman for J. H. Thompson & Co., of Detroit, spent Sun- day in the city, the guest of Thos. Fergu- son. W. O. Montgomery, traveling repre- sentative for the oyster firm of H. F. Hemingway & Co., of Baltimore, is in the city this week. Jas. B. McInnis has engaged to travel for Ricker & Co., proprietors of the Mc- Cullough Soap Co., of Milwaukee. He will cover the entire State. L. F. Delahunt, who represents Burn- ham, Stoepel & Co., of Detroit, in the western portion of the State, will take up his residence in Grand Rapids with the beginning of the new year. E. E. Wooley recently engaged a livery- man at East Jordan to take him to Boyne Falls in time to make a north-bound train. One of the horses was known by Wooley to be addicted to balking, but the driver assured him that the animal never balked when driven double. Not- withstanding the assurance of the driver, however, the horse demurred at pulling up the first hill, whereupon Wooley mounted a stump and proceeded to read the riot act to both man and horse—a programme which he repeated, with variations, at the base of every hill on the route. So exasperated did he make the driver, that on one occassion the lat- ter drove on without him and he was compelled to trudge along in the sand several miles to the next stopping place. A treaty of peace was thereupon agreed upon, and the journey was’ without further incident, except that the party arrived at Boyne Falls two hours after the train had gone. Geo. Alden and a fleshy implement man, who were mem- bers of the party, laughed so much at the antics of the dry goods salesman that their clothes were wholly devoid of but- tons before the trip was half over. The P. & B. cough drops give great satisfaction. P. of I. Gossip. Parks Bros. have signed with the P. of I.’s at Mecosta. Detroit News: ‘‘The Patrons of Industry have made contracts with four Lansing merchants who are trying to keep the matter secret. learn it can’t be done.”’ L. A. Gardner, the Cedar Springs drug- gist, whose contract with the P. of Is expires on Nov. 23, announces that he 23, will not renew it under any cireum- stances. Instead of being a benefit, the contract is asource of serious loss. The first lodge of the P. of. I. was or- ganized in September, 1886, in Greenleaf township, Sanilac county. The lodge originally numbered about 100, but is now athing of the past, the charter having been voluntarily surrendered on Oct. 25. Hastings Banner: ‘‘An effort is being made to organize a lodge of Patrons of Industry here. Members of the order have endeavored to make arrangements with some of our merchants to sell goods to the P. of I. at-10 per cent. above cost. So far, they have been unsuccessful. No merchant can sell goods at a profit of only 10 per cent. and make both ends meet.”’ A White Cloud correspondent writes: ‘Am pleased with your stand regarding the P. of 1.’s. The dealers here all agreed to have nothing to do with them, but by some means J. C induced to contract with them, and, now that they have got a dry goods store here, they are every means in power to get other lines to sell them, and so hold amass meeting here to-day. What the result will be I cannot say, will advise you later.’’ A Minden City correspondent writes: “It is thought here that the about played out. eut to any extent. devote themselves to a higher object than boyeotting village merchants, the amount of good they do in the world will not be perceptible. It makes an easy life for the grand officers. The amount a Patron pays to the grand lodge does not hurt him much, but it does the leaders a great deal of good.’’ Seyffeldt & Waltz, the East Saginaw hardware dealers, write: ‘‘We have been approached by agents of the Patrons of Industry to get special prices, but did not entertain any of the propositions made. You cannot do business success- fully on their terms, and if you gave credit it would knock the profit off very quickly. We havea large farm trade, and find no diminution of it since the organization has been at work. It may do for small places, but not for here.’’ Saranae Local: ‘Organizers of the Patrons of Industry have been at work in Keene township, informed. . Townsend was using -atrens are OF with poor results, It looks to the grange, which is now inaugurated and on a sub- basis, able to successfully grapple with all the questions that the P. of I. ean deal with. The grange, how- ever, having been established, affords no fat fees for organizers, which makes quite a difference to the originators of the latter scheme. W. H. Clark, the East Saginaw dry goods dealer, writes: ‘*The Patrons of Industry may do well enough for a coun- try place, but they cannot do much in a city. Wehave no time to truck with them, and don’t propose to spend a mo- ment showing them invoices of the spe- cial line of goods they wish to buy. Itis too picayune a way of doing “business and wouldn’t pay. They ask too much and I don’t believe will gain anything by it. Competition between merchants does all for them that they ask.”’ so we are though thorougly stantial us as is A Minden City correspondent writes: “There is at the present time no Patron store in this village. About a year ago, I. Springer & Co. entered into a contract with several lodges in Minden and Paris townships. The contract seemed to have no binding effect upon the members. For a time they partially patronized Springer & Co., but gradually strayed away. They next made a contract with F. O. Hetfield & Son, and the same result followed. It was a new thing, and somewhat demora- lized trade, but itis now flowing in its old channels, and you seldom hear of the Patrons.’’ Big Rapids Herald: ‘‘Yesterday a party called on acertain young Justice of the Peace and wanted to know what his charge would be to go up in the Fourth Ward and marry acouple. His honor replied that the regular fee was two dollars. The caller wanted to know if he could not get the job done for less. ‘No sir! Nota cent less!’ was the reply. ‘Well, I will give you $1.75, and no more! ‘All right,’ said his honor, ‘you can get some one else to do the job—l am nota P. I. and don’t propose to cut on matrimonial prices.” This ended the controversy, and the caller left to hunt up some other J. P.’’ Dr. Hamilton, of Minden City, claims to have originated the idea of the P. of L., to have consulted with F. W. Verticanas to its objects, to have traveled with him through Sanilac county and to have borne the chief expenses of the first efforts in the association. He says that the object was to elect men to the State Legislature and to Congress who would put forth The foolish fellows will | their | Prices have not been | They will have to| | their best efforts for the suppression of | trusts and monopolies, but instead of | doing this, the lodges have made war on village merchants, some of whom they have slightly benefited and some slightly injured, but have ruined none. Hilliards correspondence Allegan Tri- ‘bune: ‘*The Patrons of Industry have succeeded in establishing themselves here; though not large in numbers there are enough of them to organize a club. Brother Bullock and his mate, from Me- costa county, were here and said that all the farmers, exeept a small portion, be- | long to our order and they will join as soon as they can sell their potatoes for forty-two cents a bushel, just the same as the Pot. got fer theirs. We think that the gentlemen imposed on the cre- dulity of their audience. waning of the moon will see the collapse of the affair. Then the brethren will have the money and the club the experi- ence.’’ A Caro correspondent writes: ‘‘Nearly the first of the lodges of the Patrons of | Industry were organized in this county, and for a time the merchants of this place were fearful of the result, but like _most organizations of the kind, where all are accepted as eligible to membership, one gets distrustful of another, or jeol- ous at the prominence or forwardness of some neighbor over himself, and _ it causes dissension and gets the discord- ant elements to wrangling, ‘ruins which soon That’s the case here. An interview with the leading merchants of Caro develops | the fact that while their trade was jured at first, the effect is hardly perceptible now, as many of the leading farmers—those who pay prompt- i ly and whose trade is valuable—have de- serted the organization, or at least the Patron’s so that the tendency of The bet- ter class of our merchants, those with | the best financial backing, have steadily in- somewhat stores, | the organization is downward. | and firmly declined to become a party to the combine, and a local collector for ‘one of the largest agencies in the state is authority for the statement that nine- | tenths of the failures in the State dur- |ing the past year were patron stores. | The manipulators of the scheme seem to that their prosperity depends ; upon pushing it in new localities and | taking in new material.’’ Lee correspondence Allegan Tribune: “The so-called Patrons of Industry have organized a club at the Brown school house, in Cheshire, and another at the Star school house in the same township. They talk of starting a store at Bloom- ingdale. They have also organized a club at Bangor and appointed a com- mittee to visit the storekeepers and ask them to agree to sell their goods ata price not to exceed a certain per cent over cost, under the threat of their open- ing another store if they refuse to agree to this. It seems to your correspondent that this is a step in the very direction that the farmer has most to fear, viz: trusts and corporations. If the farmers all trade at one store, the others must go to the wall, competition is crushed and the monopoly thus built up has the farmer at its mercy and by means of false bills can charge what it pleases, and pay as little as it pleases for our farm and garden truck. I advise my farmer friends to go slow in this matter and consider well what they are doing. It costs $1 to join and $2.40 a year dues, and a good deal of this goes to enrich the getters up of the order. It looks tome as though there was very little cohesiveness about the order and as soon as these originat- ors have lined their pockets the order will fall to pieces. There is chance of great harm being done while there is very little promise of good, and 1, for one, am well enough satisfied that the storekeepers with whom I deal are treat- ing me fairly and I do not see that many of them are getting so rich that I need to envy them or accuse them or over-charg- ing me.’’ i realize —~<-_9 << ____—- Purely Personal. J. D. Clark is closing out the H. C. Coe grocery stock, at Mason, for I. M. i Clark & Son. Spencer Arnold, Treasurer of the Grand Rapids Felt Boot Co. is seriously !ill of pneumonia at his rooms at the Livingston. Friedrich Bros., the hustling boot and shoe dealers of Traverse City, will run a line of pleasure steamers on Carp Lake next season. M. B Harner, of the firm of Harner Bros., | clothing merchants at the same place, | put in several days in the city last week. T. A. Jamison, the South Boardman | druggist, spent Sunday in the city and | | left Monday for Lansing, where he will | participate in an examination session of | the State Board of Pharmacy. >.> ___- The organization of the Union Loan and Trust Co., with a capital of $500,000, has about been completed at Detroit. The _ company will take charge of estates and mortgages and transact other similar | business. It is backed by all the banks }in Detroit, and its board of directors in- | eludes many prominent business men. Officers have been secured in the new Hammond building. 1 } | | About the C. W. Caskey, the Petoskey grocer, and | FOR SALE, WANTED, ETC. Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the first insertion and one centa word for each subsequent insertion. No advertise ment taken for lessthan 25cents. Advance payment. BUSINESS CHANCES, HAVE SEVERAL FARMS WHICH I WILL EX- change for merchandise, Grand Rapids city prop erty, or will sell on easy payments; these farms have the best of soil.are under good state of cultivation. and located between the cities of Grand Rapids and Muskegon. O F. Conklin, Grand Rapids, Mich. We SELL OR TRADE rROPERTY IN TRAVERSE City, Mich., bringing forty dollars monthly rent, for general stock or special line of merchandise. Ad dress 529, care Tradesman. 529 YROCERIES—TWO G. R. CITY LOTS IN EXCHANGE X for $600 worth of groceries. Address E. 8S. Hough- taling, Hart, Mich. 528 OR SALE—WE OFFER FOR SALE, ON VERY | L favorable terms, the F. H. Escott drug stock. at 75 j Ea street, Grand Rapids, Hazeltine & Perkins Drug 40. 531 OR SALE—DRUG STORES—FIRST CLASS—IN DAY- ton, Ohio; othersin various locations. If you want to buy, sell or exchange, write W. E. Donson, Dayton Ohio. 530 OR SALE—AN INTEREST IN SHOE STORE—OR will join stocks with a good shoe man; old estab- lished business and best location in city. Addies “Shoes,”’: are Tradesman, (zrand Rapids, Mich. 524 “YASH AND FINE PROPERTY FUR GOOD MERCAN- / tile establishment. C. E. Barnd, Fostoria, Ohio. 525 DRUG STORE IN THE sents on the dollar; reasons C. L. Brundage, Muskegon Mich. 520 rm SALE—A GUOD GROCERY BUSINESS HAVING the cream of the trade; best location in the city; stock clean and well assorted; thisis a rare chance for any one to geta good paying business; poor heaith the only reason. Address 8S. Stern, Kalamazoo, Mich. 518 | SS BUSINESS IN EXCHANGE for cash and prime property. C. G. Barnd, Fos- toria, Ohio 526 OR SaLE—DRUG SORE AND STOCK SITUATED IN a lumbering town; govd farming country around, a very desirable place for a good physician. Address Box 442, Alpena, Mich. 509 NOR SALE—THE FIN city of Muskegon at 75 other business. TOR SALE—GROCERY STOCK IN GOOD LOCATION Willinventory $790 to $800 and doing a business of about $13,000. Address No. 502, care Tradesman 502 SITUATIONS WANTED. | a | W ANTED-SITUATION—BY “REGISTERED PHAR- | macist of twelve years’ practical experience; | best of reference; salary moderate, if permanent situ- | ation is offered. Address Pharmacist, 751 West Main | St., Kalamazoo, Mich. 532 ness eaperience in the retail trade would like a drug or grocery house. Address J. Main St., Kalamazoo, Mich MISCELLANEOUS. 1 5 YEARS ght 3,100 pounds PrP. W., 1 Weat 3 Fo 2 SALE _DRAFT | gray; well matched; M. W. Willard, Kinney. Mich. Address pon Pass Book Co., Albany, N. Y of the new Excelsior Pass Book, the most complete and finest on the market chant should have progressive merchants all over the country are now using them. 437 \ Improved Coupon Pass Book § samples. E. A. Stowe & Bro., Grand Rapids. OR SALE—GOOD RESIDENCE LOT ON ONE the most pleasant streets ‘‘on the hill.’? Will change for stock in any good institution. Address 286, eare Mich gan Tradesman. 286 WHOLESALE Carpets, Oil Cloths, Rugs, China Mattings Draperies, and Parlor Screens Smith & Sanford, Ottawa and Pearl Sts., Ledyard Block. orp —park| GRAND RAPIDS, - FOR SALE. Portable Sawmill with Engine and Boiler, capacity 5.000 to 10,000 feet per iday, $600. One stationary boiler and |engine, 30 horse power, $600. One set Stearns’ eccentric head blocks’ with | winged knees, $100; or with both wing *|and single standard knees, $150. One | top saw rig, adjustible, $25. All of the above in good condition and offered for sale for want of use, not ‘because they ;are worn out. Terms, cash, or time with |good security. Address No. 527, care Michigan Tradesman. 527 FAA. Wurzburg & Go., Exclusive Jobbers of DRY 6000S, HOSIERY 1 | { NOTIONS, UNDERWEAR, : : : : | f pgetlmaraiaproue- SALESMAN WITH 17 YEARS’ BUSI- | the effectiveness of the combine. | +4.» position on the read as traveling agent for wholesale | | 19 & 21 SOUTH DIVISION ST., MICH. wet ED—SEND A POSTAL TO THE SUTLIFF COU- | v. Y.,for samples | | | and just what every mer- | | | ANTED—1,000 MORE MERCHANTS TO ADOPT OUR | ystem. Send for | Cx f i 1870. CHAS. SCHMIDT & BROS., Manufacturers and Dealers in Foreign and American ESTABLISHED Granite and Marble Monvments ana Statuary Having erected a New Granite Factory with the Latest Improved Machinery, we can Guarantee all Work First Class and Fill Orders Promptly. WORKSHOP AND POLISHING MILLS: Cor. West Fulton and Straight Streets. OFFICE AND SALESROOM: 93 Canal Street. GRAND RAPIDS, - Merc Thousand Are in use all over the land. It doe often seen on the floor of the average grocer. varnished and put together in the best possible manner. cabinet will be found one complete set of castors with screws. hants, VOU WANT THIS CABINET s of Them 4s away with the unsightly barrels so 3eautifully grained and Inside each Should Ce ON, THE KIN An Article of It is fast supplanting the scores only in one pound packages. 120 one-pound packages. For sale WV oolson Kvery Wide-Awake Merchant rtainly Sell G OF COFFERS. Absolute Merit. of inferior roasted coffees. Packed Put up in 100-lb cases, also in cabinets of by the wholesale trade everywhere. Shipping depots in all first-class cities in the United States. Spice Co., TOLER EO, OFFO. L. WINTERNITZ, Resident Agent, Grand Rapids. IF YOU WANT The Best ACCEPT NONE BUT Silver Thread Sauerkraut. Order this brand from your wholesale grocer. ASSOCIATION DEPARTMENT. Michigan Business Men’s Association. President—C. L. Whitney, Muskegon. First Vice-President—C. T. Bridgeman, Flint. Seeond Vice-President—M. C. Sherwood, Allegan. Secretary—E. A. Stowe, Grand Rapids. Treasurer—H. W. Parker, Owosso. Executive Board—President; Frank Wells, Lansing; Frank Hamilton, Traverse City; N. B. Blain, Lowell Chas. T. Bridgeman, Flint; ©. F. Conklin, Grand Rapids, Secretary Committee on Insurance—O. F. Conklin, Grand Rap ids; Oren Stone, Flint; Wm. Woodard, Owosso. _ Committee on Legisia tion—Frank Wells, Lansing; H. H. Pope, Allegan; C H. May, Clio. i Committee on Trade Interests—Frank Hamilton, Trav erse City: Geo. R. Hoyt, Saginaw; L. W. Sprague, Greenville. : Ee Committee on Transportation—C. T. Bridgeman, Flint; M. C. Sherwood, Allegan; A. O. Wheeler, Manistee. Committee on Building and Loan Associations—N. B. Blain, Lowell; F. L. Fuller, Cedar Springs; P. J. Con nell, Muskeger. Local Secretary—Jas. H. Moore. Saginaw. Official Organ—THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. The following auxiliary associations are oper- ating under charters granted by the Michigan Business Men’s Association’ Ne. 1—Traverse City BMA. President. J. W. Milliken; Secretary, E. W. Hastings. these tronic shun. Aesintidindntemcheti—ite No. 2 2_Lowell 8B. M.A. President, N. B. Plain; Secretary, Frank T. King. No. 3—Sturgis B. M. A. H. 8. Chureh; Secretary, Wander, 4—Grand Rapids M. A. President, E. J. Herrick; Secretary, E. A. Stowe: No. 5—Muskegon B. M. aA | President, John / iller; Secretary, C. L. Whitney. President. Nw. 6—Alba 8. M. A. Presiient, F. W. Sicat; Secretary, P. T. Baldwin. es sn isis cl }... ;—Dimondale B. M. A. President, T. M. Sioan; Secretary, N. H. Widger-. ———— M, A. No. 8—Eastport B. President, F. H. Thursten; Secretary, Geo. L. Thurston. reste) a a vawrence B. M. A. No. 9—! l President, H. M. Marshall; Secretary, J. H. Kelly. No. 10—Harbor springs B. M. A. President, W. J. Clark; Secretary. A. L. Thompson. —No.Lli—Kingsley B. M.A. President, H. P. Whipple; Secretary, D. E. Wynkoop. _ No. 12—Quincy B. M. A. President, C. McK Secretary, Thos. Lennon. Sherman B. x. &. Secretary, W. J. Austin. No. 14—No. Muskegon B. M. A. Secretary, G. C. Havens. me City B. M.A. Secretary, F. M. Chase. No. Lt: President, H. B. Sturtevant, ee President, S. A. Howey: No. 15—Be President, R. R. Perkins; y, ¥.3 —No. 16—Sand Lake B. M. A. President, J. V-C i ~N ll: Secretary, W. Rasco. —Plainwell B.M.A. . Secretary, J. A. Sidle. ee . President, Geo. H. ——————— No. 18S—Ows Woodard; Secre President, Warren P. t 3 Lamfrom. 7 we. to Ads BM, A President, D. F. W -retary, E. E. Chapel. No. President gatuck B. M. A. John F. Henry; Secretary, N. 6. Bowe. | _ 7 $. M.A. ary, M. V. Hoyt. No. 2i1— Wayland President, C Wharton No. Grand Ledge M, A. _ Schumacher; Secretary, Ww. R. Clarke. ity 6. M. A. 3 L A. Lyon. —tarson y. Hallett President, J.E . Th President, H. Chas. B. Johnson. 2 Ne 6—Greenviile is, }. Satter Secretar retary, ylomew; Secr nac B. scretary, o. 38—Scottvilie Symons: Sec? . No. o Bui President, W. Na. 4¢ President, D. E. Ha No. io. BE. A President, Wm. Hut etary, B. M. Gould. No. 47—F President, W. C. Pierce; 5¢ No. 48—Hubbardston Bb. President, Boyd Redner; Secretary, Ww. 2_-Grand Haven M.A. , 03—Bellevue 6. M. : Phelps; Secretary, A. I President, C. No. : President, N. W. Drake; > 20cktord B. ft; Secretary. E. B oo Secreta President, Wu . A. Plakely. —Fife Lake B No. President, L.S ae ee No. 5 President F. S. Raymo 9—Fennville B. M. A. nd: Secretary, A. J.C No. 60—South Boardman B. M. President, H. E. Hogan; Secretary, 8. E. Neihardt. No. 61—Hartford B. M. A. President, V. E. Manley; Secretary, I. B. Barnes. No. 62—East saginaw M. A. President, Jas. H .Moore; Secretary, Cc. W. Mulholand. No. 63—Evart B. M. A. President, C. V. Priest; Secretary, Cc. E. Bell. No, 64—Merrill B. M. A. President, C. W. Robertson; Secretary, Wm. Horton. No. 65—Kalkaska B. M. A. President, Alf. G. Drake; Secretary, Cc. 8. Blom. No. 66—Lansing B. M. A. President, Frank Wells; Secretary, Chas. Cowles. No. 67—Watervliet B. M. A. . Merrifield. President, W. L. Garrett; Secretary, ¥. H No. 68—Allegan B. M.A. President. H. H. Pope; Secretary, E. T. VanOstrand. _ No. 69—Scotts and Climax B. ¥ A. President, Lyman Clark; Secretary, F. 8. Willison. No. 70—Nashville BK. M. A, President, Wm. Boston; Secretary, Walter Webster. No. 71—Ashley B. M. A, President, M. Netzorg; Secretary, Geo. FE. Clutterbuck. No. 72—Edmore B. M. A. No, 73—Belding PB. M. A. President, A. L. Spencer; Secretary, oO. #. Webster. No. 74—Davisc . President, J. F. Cartwri ght; Secret . W. Hurd. No. 75—Tecumseh B. M. A. President, Oscar =. Bills; Secretary, F. Rosacraus. No. 76—Kalamazoo B. M. A. President, 8. S. McCamly; Secretary, Chauncey Strong. No. 77—South Haven B. M. A. President, E. J. Lockwood; Secreta , Volney Ross. No. 78—Caledonia B. M. A. President, J. O. Seibert; Secretary, J. W. Saunders. No. 79_fHast Jordan and so. Arm B. M. A. President, Chas. F. Dixon; Secretary, L. C. Madison. No. 80—Bay City and W. Bay City R. M, A. President, F. L. Harrison; Secretary, Lee E. Joslyn. No. 81—Flushing B. M. A. President. L. A. Vickery; Secretary, A. E. Ransom. Wo. 82—Alms B M. A. President, B. S. Webb; Secretary, M.E Pollasky. No. 83—Sherwood B. M, A. President, L. P. Wilcox; Secretary. W. R. Mandigo. No. 84—Standish B. M om M. lt retary. C President, P. M. Angus; Secretary, No. 85—Clio B. M President. J. M. Beeman; Secretary, No. 86—Millbrook and Blanchard B. M. A. President. T. W. Preston: Secretary, H. P. Blanchard. No. 87—Shepherd B. M. A. President, H. D. Bent; Secretary, A.W. Hurst. A. C. H. May. A. D. W. Richardson. "| THE TRADESMAN Association Notes. Chairman Conklin, of the Insurance Commit- tee, is arranging to send outa second appeal to the local bodies, asking for further subscriptions for stock. Several hundred copies of the proceedings of the State convention still remain in the hands of the Secretary, who is prepared to send copies to the members of every association in the State, on receipt of a list of the members. Morley correspondence Big Rapids Current: Hon. C. L. Whitney, of Muskegon, President of the Business Men’s Association, delivered an interesting lecture at Thurkow’s hall in this vil- lage last Friday evening. The hall was well filled with an appreciative audience, which in- cluded a number of farmers from this vicinity. The speaker was introduced by Dr. B. F. Brown, in a few well-chosen words. The subject dis- cussed was the benefits derived from the Busi- ness Men’s Association, not only by the mer- chants who meet and exchange views relative to the best ways and means of carrying on busi- ness, but also to the communities which they serve. The speaker said that the impression which seems to prevail in scme localities that the B. M. A. isa combination of men who seek to control markets and discriminate against other classes. is totally wrong—altogether for- eign to their purposes or intents. Among their aims are those of getting cheap freight rates, low rates of insurance and protection from spurious or adulterated goods. These things operate to lessen the merchants’ expenses, and enable them to sell goods to their customers at lower prices than they otherwise could, besides guarding themselves and customers from dangerous imi- tations. He said that not only merchants, but also farmers and others were welcome to mem- bership inthe B. M. A., and that by meeting together the interests of each would be advanced. The lecture was entertaining throughout, and was listened to with marked attention. ———__$_— oa Collection System Is Beneficial. LUDINGTON, NOV. 2, 1889. E. A. Stowe, Grand Rapids: Dear Str—Our B. M. A. having appointed a special committee to investigate the advisability of adding the collective feature to the Associa- tion, I take the liberty of asking you to, a id trust you will kindly furnish me with sach knowledge and opinions on the subject as you deem desirable and important. I wish to con- sider it under two heads: 1. Whether or not it will in any way prejudice or interfere with the main object of the society 2 Whether or not it is generally used by the members and its benefits. in answering these questions, you will greatly oblige Truly yours, JoHN A. SHERMAN, wherein the Blue Letter collection system Wherein the Lk. a TRADESMAN Cannot see adoption of the “HE in any way interfere with the improve- the Association. It is a part of the would ment work of business men to pro- the seribers in work of an organization of the same as it is business tect its meé of a mercal ibers agency to warn its sut time to prevent their sustaining serious losses. To be sure, the chronic dead-beat will not cher- ish the kindliest feelings toward the Associa- but as he is usually individual who sel- dom has much weight in the community, to be ed of his influence is not a great 1 ) departmentis usually patron- s of an associa- 1 cash merch to its benefits, refers a ny one ske} 1e publishe d proceed ntion, a copy ¢ 1€ss m an applying — © 2 Good Words Unsolicited. T. W. Preston, drugs and groceries, Millbrook: » cannot get along without it.’ Cc. A. Johnson & Co., general dealers rta “Would not be without it, if it cost doul the it) r clothing si lesman, Marshall: yurage in ing the machina- t )-called Patrons of Industry, with ild and outrageous schemes, illegitimate >xtren it to secure for you the sub m of egitimate merchant in the t Po re tegis Kkiora er. MicHiGAN TRADESMAN, > the Register qu if Wit i y setiY is meeu!l success, as it should, for it should be in the hands of every business man in the State. Mr. S. reports that it is taken by every business man except two in Rockford.” — <2 9 Get Rid of Old Stock. One of the most successful merchants we have known used to say that he always kept his old stock in a place were it was handy to get at. Every thing that ‘‘hung | fire,’? as he expressed it, was brought out in plain sight, soit should not be for- gotten. He worked on_ this principle. and taught his clerks to do the same. He said it was easy enough to sell new goods, {but it required an effort to dispose of those that had been in the store for some time. Working on this principle his stock was in excellent condition, and there was very little of it that could be called old. Perhaps the above should be qualified; for no wise merchant would put something old and out of style on to a customer where it would work harm. There are, however, always enough buyers who are just as well ple sed with the old as the new. The new goods are always apt to please the clerks so well that they forget the old and use all their energies on the new. The result of such a method is to be left at the end of the season with an unsalable stock. Stock decreases in value constantly. The wise merchant will have aneye on those goods that do not move lively, and he will offer every incentive for disposing of them. ————_»> oe ___—_ Going Back on Their Agreement. In 1885, it will be recalled, the so-called valued policy insurance law was adopted by the Legislature of New Hampshire and so distasteful was it to the fire insur- ance men that all the outside companies doing business therein withdrew and en- tered into an agreement to write no more insurance on property in that State until the obnoxious statute should be repealed. This threat was put into execution and the New Hampshire people have since been dependent upon local companies organized to meet the emergency. The law still remains, however, on the statute books and has since been adopted by other states; in fact, Wisconsin, Texas, Arkansas, Ohio, Delaware, Missouri and Nebraska have a similar valued policy law at present. The ditna, the largest fire insurance company in the United States, has the present week given formal notice that it will, within three months, resume business in New Hampshire, and the probable outcome will be that most of the old companies will soon be doing business within the Granite State. FADED/LIGHT TEXT Percentage and Other Matters for the P. of £. DUSHVILLE, Editor Michigan Tradesman: DEAR Sm—Through your paper 1 wish to submit afew thoughts for the consideration of the P. of 1.’s. We sold a broom to-day at the regular price, 15 cents. It cost 1214 cents, which left an apparent profit of 2} cents, or 20 per cent. on its cost. But the money paid for the broom at 7 per cent. for two years _—the time since its purchase—would have been 14 per cent. of that on a note, and that leaves an apparent 6 per cent. of profit; but that is apparent only because our insurance and taxes for one year equal 1314 per cent. of all sales, leaving us 7 per cent. out of pocket in the tran- saction. Where would our living be on a 10 per cent. P. of I. basis if the 20 per cent. on the broom does us no good ? Take another instance: Yesterday we sold a pair of ladies’ kid boots for $2.50 that cost $2.25, which gave a little over 11 per cent. profit. But the eash that bought them would have brought the price of the kid boots now to $2.72, if we figure 7 per cent. on the original in- vestment. Our taxes and insurance last year were 1314 per cent. on all sales. The cash in- vested in store, stock and fixtures and yielding no other income but the profits of merchandise would, if Oct. 28, 1889. sales for the year. The freight on salt from our railroad station to our store is andalways has been over 50 per cent. on its cost. Where would the P. of I. 10 per cent. leave us? our nearest wholesale store is 23)¢ per cent.: it has not been less in ten years, and has sometimes been considerable more: this with an average shrinkage of 8 per cent. shows the impossibility of P. of I. 10 per cent. without heavy loss to | The freight on fresh fruits, | r 5 | have been inthe nature of ‘trusts,’ merely the retailer. oranges, lemons, bananas, etc., from Detroit to our store is more than 10 per cent., while the loss by rot is from 10 to 50 per cent. If the average farmer. leaning to the P. of I., would abandon the false idea that itis his legitimate business to beat | learn to} blacksmith, me- | the | | what price he pleases. and break down the merchant, know that the farmer, chanie and merchant are all alike victims of trusts and monopolies, and that they should give encouragement to one another instead of waging war against the very class, who by competi- | tion have made goods cheaper, all would be benefited and none have cause for com- plaint. Suppose the P. of I. could do they obviously aim at, annihilate the business of fifteen merchants out of six- teen. what would the. fifteen do? i more corn, wheat and oats, thus ine reas- ing the over-production of farmer's pro- | duce and lower the market price. What | would the sixteenth man do, the 10 per cent. P. of 1.2. Naturally enough, would say. ‘competition is killed and now I will strike for higher prices.’ Thus the evil they would cure increases and strengthens. Fortunately, the elements of early de- cline are in the P. of L., and its certain death is but a question of a short time. MercHant (nota P. of I). -—— >... Hudson Merchants Condemn the P oft The Hudson merchants very generally condemn the P. of L, as will be shown by the following interviews : Phil Sewald, jeweler : “T think it-will be detrimental to business.’’ Dr. Geo. Chapman: ‘I think it is another one of the so-called frusos. 7 BE in every way. Oren Howes, dry goods: goods: *‘Damaging Brown, dry “ey they carry out their principles, it will be very de- | pressing to business, but 1 do not think it will be very long-lived.” : A.C. Dunham, hardware: ‘‘They would be an injury to any community.’ L. Frensdorf & Son, grain, wool, ete.: “They will not accomplish anything. It will not last long.”’ John George, boots and shoes: *‘A per- fect robbery. Tothe merchants who rely entirely on the farming community for | patronage, it will be very detrimental.”’ Beardsell & Plympton, drugs and eroceries: ‘We consider it would be detrimental to any business community.”’ R. A. Beach, boots and shoes: ‘‘If they follow up their object the result will be very disastrous to business.’ G. J. Perkins, clothing: ‘‘It isa snide. There is no good business principle it if.” J. J. Wood, bookstore: ‘Bad for both the farmers and the merchants. A money making enterprise benefiting only the originators of the enterprise.”’ E. J. Southworth:.‘‘It benefits only the originators.”’ eo — >< Of Such is the P. of I. It is one of the stock statements of the P. of I. organizers that the members of the Patrons of Industry are placed in a position to pay cash the year round, but such statements are no further from the truth than the entire fabric of the organization. As a case in point, THE TRADESMAN respectfully submits the fol- lowing : GREENVILLE, Oct. 29, 1889. E. A. Stowe, Grand Rapids: Dear Srr—I have this day formed of the death of a woman whose husband is at the head of a P. of IL. lodge near Cato, and that the town had to bury his wife. I would like to know how in thunder this man can pay cash for his goods ? Respectfully, W. J. MILLs. —__—<._2 <___—_ VISITING BUYERS. M Heyboer & Bro,, Oakland John Baker, Chauncey D R Stocum, Rockford AD Farling, Millbrook L M Wolf, Hudsonville D O Watson, Coopersville J F Connell, Lk Odessa Mrs E Seott,Dunningville WmVerMeulen,BeaverDam R Purdy. Lake W HStruik, Forest Grove DeVoist Bros., Alba H Van Noord, Jamestown HE Stover, Kalkaska J Homrich, No Dorr GS Putnam, Fruitport J Raymond, Berlin E 8 Botsford, Dorr John De Vries. Jamestown WN Hutchinson, Grant Jno Farrowe,So Blendon’ S Sheldon, Pierson H Meijering, Jamestown S Cooper, Jamestown J L Purchase, Bauer LW Fisher, Dorr A Purchase, So Blendon DenHerder & Tanis, C DeJong, Holland Vriesland Eli Runnels, Corning CW Caskey, Petoskey John Gunstra, Lamont Harner Bros.. Petoskey C Eddy, Grattan J Jesson, Muskervon M O Brockway, Otsego Pickett, Bros., Wayland E Townsend, Lake Odessa H E Hogan, So Boardman Jos Deal, Gun Marsh B J Shrouds, Remus J L Ash, Parmelee J F Mann, Lisbon G C Baker, Labarge Frank O Lord, Gd Ledge M Bolander,Hubbardston Silas Loew, Burnip’s Cors D H Meeker, Perrinton E Green, Hudsonville T A Jamison, So Boardman F E Campau, Alaska Hessler Bros., Rockford W H Watts, Alto L A Gardner,Cedar Springs J L Thomas,Cannonsburg C A Barnes, Otsego CP Judson, Big Rapids W S Clark, Holton C E Coburn, Pierson R K Finch, Saranac loaned at 7| per cent., have yielded 15 per cent. on all | nearest | ltion of the oysters, but it is almost too The freight on kerosene from | i another season to get the beds back to | capit | Chesapeake what } Ls false | he | been in-| Why Oysters are Scarce this Year. From the Baltimore Trade. Because of the difficulty of getting a supply of good oysters for the fall de- mand, the price of shell stock has been steadily advancing since the first of Sep- tember, and if the receipts do not show a better daily average during the next few weeks we are likely to have a heavy rise in prices of shell stock when the rush of the Thanksgiving season comes on. The turkey has the credit of filling the hori- zon on that oecasion, but it should be more generally known. that the oyster is} as much in demand as any other shell fruit, winged or valved. Owing to the mild nature of last winter the oysters were overdredged, there was opportunity to rake and scrape every rod of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, and the opportunity was availed of to the injury of the beds and the demoraliza- tion of prices. AS a result the dealers waged a bitter war of competion in prices, to such an extent that the bulk of the oysters shucked after January 1, were sold at a loss (for oysters must be sold and shipped rapidly, especially in a mild season), and the old experience was re- newed of too many goods making a loss | for all. where fewer goods would have made a profit. But now they are paying again for this folly of last year’s over- ' fishing, for there is a searcity of oysters in a cold fallseason, with strong demand. To avoid these errors of last season the oyster packers of all kinds came together a couple of months ago and made business arrangements that would prevent such loss of value and destruc- late, it is now certain there will be a! scarcity of oysters, for it will require even the moderate condition they were in 1888-9. The daily press, however, in their de- sire for sensation, have made it appear that the organizations of oyster packers 1 | garoos, among them the blue, red Walla- by, black, gray and Forester, the latter furnishing the best leather, as it lives mainly in wooded sections. When the ‘shipping ports are reached the hunters because it is now “‘the style’ to eall all new business moves ‘‘trusts,’’? and to| imply condemnation at the same time. It would be wel! for the world at large to know that the Chesapeake oysters are the property of the State, that anyone | can get a license to take them, and that | anyone who has taken them has the right | to sel’) them where he pleases and for | We would like to} have some one point out to us how al “trust”? can be formed on such a free basis of supply as this! If a gang of alists were to succeed in buying the} Bay from the State, they might get up a ‘‘trust.’’ but while we have | over 1,000 dredging boats and some 1,200 | seraping and tonguing boats, aggregat- ing nearly 10,000 oystermen, it is not easy to how we could have an “trust.? Wedo not doubt but the oysters | would prefer a trust of some sort to the destruction meted out to them by the un- | restricted fishing of them, but the oyster | is proverbially dumb as to his desires | and his opinion of the daily press. | If the mercurial flyers of the day wish | something to amuse the public with, let | them ask why the State manages her im- | mense oyster interests in such an un- business like way; why the catch oysters permits the holder to take | his finger nail | see oyster ! : | license to] | anything from the Size Of i to the foot. Here is ment for mercury if he wishes it, for he | lean tickle the public into sardonic | laughter at the State that throws away | from $3.000,000 to $5,000,000 per year by | lsuch folly. But for this we would not size of his merri- | now see inferior oysters, poor stock, sell- | ing by the cargo at 45 and 48 cents per | pushel, yielding so poorly that even the| cove packer will not touch them, although This is the poor lest season for oysters so far for over years and at the prices fixed for raw stock | shippers are not having the margin they | if the population of | i cove oysters are scarce. ive | seemed to promise. ithe country continues to ratio of the past years, and if the Chesa-| peake oysters do not get such ment as willend the too severe catching | | it will not be many years until the peo- | ple will have pay double present | prices for them, or perhaps they will all | | have to be put up in cans and gra | the standard of ‘‘echurch sociable stews,”’ | las a Chicago friend suggested. But just manage- | TO ded to} Newark, N. J., every week, are all tan- ned in one large establishment there and | | now the supply of shell stock Is below | | the requirement, the price is nearly 50 | | per cent. above the usual at this time of | ithe year, November, the busiest month | | of demand, is at hand and there is no} i ‘trust’? for oysters. | __—__ as ___ | | The Kangaroo in Commerce. | | According to the Providence Journal | | 6,000 kangaroo skins are received in | tralia and New Zealand,’’ the Journal | lsays, ‘furnish kangaroo hides for the} | world.”? The kangaroos are killed in Australia about 300 miles back from the coast. and are shipped from Melbourne, Sidney and Newe from Masterton in New Zealand. 1869 the kangaroos were killed and eaten in Australia, and their hides were cut into shoestrings. But an Englishman named Brown in that year discovered the | remarkable character of the leather and | brought several thousand skins to this country. He tried to sell the hides to tanners, but they were shy of the novelty, | jare then made into fine shoes. ‘*Aus- | astle, in Australia, and | Up to} bookbinder. The bookbinder made tri- angular corner-pieces in ledgers and com- mercial books out of the skins, and so as- certained the good quality of the leather. It was in this way that the large leather factories were first attracted to kangaroo | found to be very hide. The skin was gr Ss the acids in blac rain prevents its absorbing water, while king meet with an almost impervious substance. It was hard work for years to get the kangaroo skins. It was not until the Newarker who now tans them sent agentsto Australia three years ago that the demand could be supplied. The characteristic climate of Australia ; and the pugnacity of the kangaroo make ‘hunting the hides dangerous. — Eight men hunt together for kangaroos. They are called a “‘set.”? * = ~*~ AS the game is bagged it is skinned, and the skin is stretched on the ground and peg- ged down to prevent shrinkage. The fiesh furnishes meat for the camp. Each man places his private mark upon his booty, and when they have one hundred skins apiece they return back to civiliza- tion. There are twenty varieties of kan- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | and he had to sell them at a sacrifice to | | { | 1 | tenacious and the compactness of the | | | | | | increase in the} ‘ay dispose of the skins by auction to the highest bidders, and realize about 70¢ a pound. Kangaroo hunters make large profits. One man is known to have cleared $4,500 free of living expenses ina single year. The tanning of kangaroo skins is confined to men employed by Americans, as other dealers cannot afford to pay the high prices for the raw ma- terial. The result is that Parisian and London shoe manufacturers buy their stock of kangaroo leather directly from Newark. — or oe The Evil of Endorsing. The system of endorsing is all wrong, and should be utterly abolished. It has been the financial ruin of more men than, perhaps, all other causes. Bookkeeping, a journal devoted to merchants, clerks, and business men, advises our young men especially to study the matter care- fully in all its bearings, and adopt some settled poliey to govern their conduct, so as to be ready to answer the man who asks them to sign his note. What re- sponsibility does one assume when he endorses a note? Simply this: He is held for the payment of the amount in full, principal and interest, if the maker of the note, throtgh misfortune, mis- management, or rascality, fails to pay it. Notice, the endorser assumes all this responsibility, with no voice in the man- agement of the business and no share in the profits of the transaction, if it proves profitable; but with a certainty of loss if, for any of the reasons stated, the princi- pal fails to pay the note. Dry Goods. Prices Current. UNBLEACHED COTTONS. Atlantic 4.......--- "14\Integrity XX.....-.. 544 Atlamta 41.4 .....--- 64iKing, E...-. ...-- 64 Archery Bunting... 44| — 2... ply Amory... ..-.--. fl ° HC in... os Beaver Dam AA... °%|LawrenceLL...... 514 | Berwick L...-. .... 64|New Market Bo. oe Blackstone O, 32.... 5 pioipe .....-..- . 934 Chapman. ......--.. 4 \Newton ...... .-- lL. G3 Cohasset A.....-.--- @4jOur Level Best..... 7 Comet... ...- 2 Riverside XNl...... 5 Cliton CCC..-.-.-- 6%/|Sea Island R........ 6%4 Conqueror XX...... 5 iSharon B ........--- 634 Dwisht Star. ....-.-. %4\Top of the Heap... 7% | ectcr A ..........-- 614| Williamsville. ...... 7 | Full Yard Wide..... 634;Comet, 40 mo. 814 Great Palis H....... 7 ~Carisie ~ ..------ T% Honest Width....... 7 |New Market L, 40in. 7% Hartford A:......--- 356} BLEACHED COTTONS. Blackstone A A...-.. S (inst Prize... -.-.. -. it Coc a 414| Fruit of the Loom %. 8 Cleveland ...... .-- a A 4 @ahot 2... 714! Lonsd Capo, 6. .....-. 4 - 634| Lonsd Dwieht Anchor. ... 9 ' ia shorts. 8%|% 6 Oak View 2 6 Le oe ds cies 2 ior Owi.......-.... oo. S iSaeyent ..........:. 255 s Loom. $%|Villyard.....---...-- 8% HALF BLEACHED COTTONS. Cabot... ..........- 714|Dwight Anchor..... 9 Barwell (2.1... .."-- $1 CANTON UNBLEACHED FLANNEL. Tremont N....-----. £%4{Middl 10 Hamilton N..-_..... 6% ' 1) re Le -.12 Middlesex AT.....- 8 ULL 18 . x... 8 8 9 No. 2... 9 | BLEACHED CANTON FLANNEL. | Hamilton N.....-..- 714%4|Middlesex AA......11 | Middicsex PT... .- 8 C 2... o A T...... 9 " A f A i iy A 104 CORSET JEANS. Biddetora..._-...--- 6 zumkeag satteen.. 74% Bronswick. .-.. ---- 6}4|hockport....-. - .-.- 6% PRINTS. in, stapie.....--- 6 |Merrim’ck shirtings. 5% , iy . Reppf 844 Pacing fancy........ 6 ‘ones... ..... 6% 4|Portsmouth robes... 6 American shirtings. 5144|Simpson mourning.. 6% Arnold : as One : greys 6% *« Jong cloth B.10% ( . 6% “6 ‘“ qc si 6% 7% . (6 84 Berlin solids oil DINE... ... 6% . ereen .... & 6 Cocheco fancy. 6 _ madders... 6 i% Eddystone fancy... 6 Hamilton fancy. 6% : a Q staple.... 6 |Riverpoint TOUECH.... 5 Manchester fancy.. 6 |Windsorfancy...... 6% o new era. 6% : gold ticket Merrimack D fancy. 6% maize Dine....... 10% TICKINGS. | Amoskeag AC A....13% Pearl River...:..-.. 123% Hamiton NW..:....-- goa) Walter... 02. 14 DEMINS. Amoskeag.......---1384%|Everett.....-.. ----- 12% Amoskeag, 9 0z.....15 | Lawrence MOM eo Andover. ........-.-- 11144|Lancaster.........-. 12% GINGHAMS. Glenarven..:. ...... 6%' Renfrew Dress...... 8 Lancashire. -.--,-- 6'4| Toil du Nord........ 10% | Normandic..-....-. 8 | CARPET WARP. | Peerless, white.....- 18%4iPeerless, colored. ..21 GRAIN BAGS. Stare 2.00. so. 90 (Georgia... ...... -. 16 American.......-..- 7) (eeeiee. 2002) s 7 ee Valley City..-...---- 1G {buriap.-..._--- ---l1% THREADS. Clark’s Mile End....45 |Barbour’s.........-- 88 Coats’, 0. & F......- 45 |Marshail’s... ....-- 88 | Holyeke........-.. .- 2214 | KNITTING COTTON. White. Colored.| White. Colore Le | oe é IN 37 z 42 d No, 6 38 |No. 14.. 2 . Ss... 22. of 30 | * 43 < 10..-..55 40 44 - 12...... oe a a 40 45 CAMBRICS. Slater 020.0 cs 4% |\Kid Glove..........- 43% White Star.......-- 43%,|Newmarket......... 4% RED FLANNEL. Wireman. .-.-. >... - oe 22% Creedmore........-. pls oa ee 32l4 Watbot SR... ..... so JHE Xkx. 35 Nameless, (2050.2. 9714 |Buckeye...- .--.---- 32% MIXED FLANNEL. Red & Blue, plaid..40 |Grey SRW.......--- 17% ngon Bo... ol 2214|Western W .....---- 18% WinGsot....-....... Ae eR Poe 18% | 6 oz Western......-- 91 |Flushing XXX.....- 23% lnien 5............ 2214|Manitoba.........-- 23% DUCKS. Severen, Soz....-... 944|Greenwood, § oz. ~--11% Mayland, 8 02......- 11 |West Point, 80z.... 9% Greenwood, 74% 0z.. 9%| WADDINGS. White, doz... _-... 3 |Per bale, 40 doz....87 25 Colored, doz. -.....- 25 | SILESIAS. Slater, Iron Cross... & (Pawtncket......-... 11 - Red Cross.... 9 |Dundie...... See eee 9 - Best | _.... s0t¢iedford.... ..-. -- i * | Best AAC. 0. 1214] CORSETS. Coraline......... ...89 50/Wonderful .... ..-.. $4 75 Shiling sa... ....... 9 00|\Brighton.. .....--- 475 SEWING SILK. Corticelli, doz....... 85, {Corticelli knitting, - twist, doz. .42 per %0z ball...... ne 50 yd, doz..42 COOPER TOOLS | We endeavor to assortment. earey a Tui 10 and 12 Monroe St., Foster, Stevens & Co., 33, 35, 37, 39 and 41 Louis S8t., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. r HARDWARE. Prices Current. These prices are for cash buyers, who pay promptly and buy in full packages. AUGURS AND BITS. dis. Tves’, old style .......----.--.-------------- 60 | Snell’s 60 | Cook’s . 40 Jennings 25 Jennings’, imitation ........-.-.----- . 5O0&10 AXES, First Quality, S. B. Bronze........------ ue tO . Dp B Brenze ...............2 2 OG MOLASSES GATES, dis Stebbin’s Pattern............2... 0002-22. ++--60810 Stepom ds Genbine...................... 1... 60810 Enterprise, self measuring.................. 25 NAILS Advance above 12d nails. FENCE AND BRADS, Seaton... 25 LT eit 10 Sane ey 25 Bae ee 4d DN 60 SNE ee eG CO ae ea... . 1 50 FINE BI | 4d. cs 1 00 a0. 5 a ce an CASEING AND BOX. mite me. 50 Me 60 Te 5 6d to7d........ 90 ee 1 10 ae | 150 COMMON BARREL, ch... ee 2 25 CLINCH, 1 Se 1 3 SANE TA trite rete rresseeeteses tp ne eee nt sia nae 1 00 oo "5 Each half keg 10 cents extra. ee : a TLANES. dis | Ohio Tool Co.’s, fancy ...................-.. 40@10 Seite Deen... @60 L Co.'s, fancy.............._. ae qua ee a @5 le and Level Co.’s, wood - 20810 i PANS. ry Acme dis 60 Common, poli dis 70 i RIVETS lis oe we Copper Rivet Be 50 r HED IRON. i ished, Nos. 2 Zt 10 2 ba, IN 9 20 Pi iy Steel and [ron..... 05 Ay a Com. ae $4 20 $3 00 el 4 20 3 00 42) 3 10 Ree eee eases 4 20 3 15 . 440 so wee een eee ss. = oO 3 ao d lighter, over 30 inches extra i SAND PAPER. | List acct. 19, °86.............. eee eee ee dis. 4010 SASH CORD. Silver Lake te 50 55 ' 50 if 55 35 ; Oneida Cor | te ® B.S Stect....-.-..... -... 8 50 » B Siecee 13 00 BARROWS. dis. Railroad 0.00.62 $ 14 00} POON ee net 30 00 BOLTS. dis. Sigve 6 3 .c we eee ee ae 50&10 Carriage new list.......--.---------> % Pisa... _.._:. ee COTS OG ee eee eee eee BUCKETS. Wel plain......--...--....-.--..-.---- Well swivel.....--..----.---__---. .----...- BUTTS, CAST. Cast Loose Pin, figured........ Wrought Narrow, bright 5ast joi y it Leone Pim. °).-...-..-- se hE Wale oc I a. ................... i a LCL Ss. . 1 a a i pm (OKT q. Shepard’s .......--..-.--------.---..- 70 BLOCKS. Ordinary Tackle, list April 17, Me... 40 CRADLES. Grain... 0.2.1.3... et ee dis. 50&02 CROW BARS. @ast Steel. .-........----.---.- __..... peri &% CAPS. Se te ceil a ole! ow one oti mia a aie per m 65 vn 60 3 as 60 CARTRIDGES. Rim Fire, U. M. C. & Winchester new lis 50 Rim Fire, United States.........-.------ L 50 Central Fire....... ere. 25 White Crayons, per gross.....-.-- .12@12% dis. 10 COPPER. Planished, 14 0z cut to size...... per pound 28 ai 14x52, 14x56, 14x00 ..........-.-..-. 26 | Cold Rolled, 14x56 and 14x60.... ....-....-- 24 Cold Rolled, 14x48. .......-----+---++-+ oo 24 Botioms .....----- SE, ak es 25 DRILLS. dis Paper ar I Morse’ aper } DRIPPING PANS. Small sizes, ser pound .....-.....-----++-+--: 07 Large sizes, per pound........-----+-+ se++s 64 ELBOWS. Com. 4 piece, Gin........-.----+---- doz. net 70 Corcnedied ....-...-..-.... dis. 20&10&10 Adjustable. .... . dis. 40&10 dis. Clark’s, small, 30 Ives’, 1, $18; 2, 824; 3, S30 ..........--------- 25 FILES—New List. dis. EQUI, ee ci ee te eee cin @- 60&19 New American.........--.---+-+---+-------> 60410 Michoison’s .......--.....-----<-. +60... ...- « 60&10 RUC a ae eens erie 50 Heller’s Horse RaspS.....------+s+eeeeereees 50 GALVANIZED IRON. Nos. 16 to 20; 22 and 24; % and 26; 27 28 List 12 13 14 15 18 Discount, 60 GAUGES. dis. Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s..... .---+---- 50 HAMMERS. Maydole & Co.’S.......--0++ -seeeereeees dis. 25 Ds ee ens dis. 25 Yerkes & Plumb’s..........---eee-seeee- dis. 40&10 Mason’s Solid Cast Steel.........---.---- 30c list 60 Blacksmith’s Solid Cast Steel, Hand... .80¢ 40&10 HINGES. Gate, Clark’s, 1, 2,3 ..---------++--+-+2:°- dis.60&10 EAPO ee per doz. net, 2 50 Screw Hook and Strap, to 12 in. 4% 14 and longer ........-.------------ Seco eae 3% Screw Hook and Eye, %.....---------+:: net 10 i “ . ee net 8% ms _ iy ee ea ees net 7% . ia . = ....... net 7% Strap and T.........----+--2e seer eee eee ee Gis ff HANGERS. dis. Barn Door Kidder Mfg. Co., Wood track... -50&10 Champion, anti-friction.....------+++--++++ 60&10 Kidder, wood track ........--- pec ee sce 40 HOLLOW WARE Rote... .c. ste ee o eee oe 60&05 ee ee ei aais a 60405 SO ee calse a ein milalsl emis cin ele a aeicia con 60&05 Gray enameled..........--------2e2serrt eee 50 HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS. Stamped Tin Ware.......----.--+-- new list 70&10 Japanned Tin Ware........----+++++++22 073; 25 Granite Iron Ware ......--------- new list 33% &10 HORSE NAILS. Au Sable. .......-.....-...-.. dis. 25&10@25&10&10 Pung... .--...--.----.------- dis. 5&10&2%&2% Northwesterm......---+----++2----- dis. 10&10&5 KNOBS—New List. dis. Door, mineral, jap. trimmings .........--+-- 55 Door, porcelain, jap. trimmings.........-.- 55 Door, porcelain, plated trimmings.........- 55 Door, porcelvin, trimmings........----+ +--+ 55 Drawer and Shutter, porcelain..........--- 2 LOCKS—DOOR. dis. Russell & Irwin Mfg. Co.’s new list ....... 55 Mallory, Wheeler & C0.’S.....--+----+-+++++ 55 Weanfordis 00 oo ses eee ee on 5d Norwalk’s.......-- Leia eee eees wee doce eess 55 LEVELS. dis. Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s....... ea 70 MATTOCKS. Adze Bye.......-..---..- ss .-816.00, dis. 60 Hont Bye..........--.-------+------. $15.00, dis. 60 Hunts... ee et $18.50, dis. 20&10. MAULS. dis. Sperry & Co.’s, Post, handied...... poceeeaas 50 MILLS. dis. Coffee, Parkers Co.’s....... eee ees 40 « 'p g, & W. Mfg. Co.’s Malleables.... 40 ‘Landers, Ferry & Clark’s...... deeaue 40 ss. OEinterprige® .......-..... See aeeeeccee. 25 Discount, 10. i SASH WEIGHTS, Solid Evea............ --e+-- per ton $25 SAWS, i dis. Ce ese eae teel Dia, X Cuts, per foot,.... 70 al Steel Dex X Cuts, per foof.... 50 i al Steel Dia, X Cuts; per foot.... 30 Champion and Electric Tooth X Gute per tOGe 28 TRAPS dis. Steel Game... ee } munity Newhouse's ........... 35 Oneida Community, Hawley & Norton’s.... 70 Hotchkiss’ a 70 PSEwW Mie Cas... 70 Mouse enoker ss 18¢ per doz. Mouse, delusion. .-.......-. $1.50 per doz. WIRE, is. Bemet Merce: es. 67% eC eee 70&10 Coppered Market.......... 624% Ginned Markee oo 6238 Coppered Sore Seer 50 Phin WeNeG .. per pound ( Barbed Fence, galvanized........... . - 13 - paintee 2... 2 80 WIRE GOODS. dis. Coe .--.70&10&10 Serew Myes. 70&10&10 Boge ... -70&10&10 Gate Hooks and Eyes .............. . -70&10&10 WRENCHES. dis. Baxter's Adjustable, nickeled.............. 30 oee Genume 0. 50 Coe’s Patent Agricultural, wrought,........ 7 Goes Patent malestic..................... 75&10 MISCELLANEOUS. dis. Hird Capes... Pumps, Cisterm.............+------cccenee % Serews, New List...........-.-1.--sse- oo 50 Casters, Bed and Plate.......... ee a 50&10&10 Dampers, American..............-+-2see06 -. 40 Forks, hoes, rakes and all steel goods...... 65 METALS, aa de PIG TIN. ie Darge.:..........-............... eS Pie Bare... ke a a a ZINC. Duty: Sheet, 24%c per pound. 600 pound CaSKS..........-.ss cece eee e ee eee rene 6% Per pound.........5..-..--............ gee SOLDER. TEN ee aes culdisiaale CG 16 PMG WIDE .- oo. ee cosets eens once 13% The prices of the many other qualities of solder in the market indicated by private brands vary according to composition. alk ANTIMONY. pee a es pecs r pound 14 Ce cata =e it TIN—MELYN GRADE. 1014 IC, Chareonl.................. cia ce eee $ 6 00 14x20 IC, eee ica. COD 10x14 IX, eo Se in. 2 14x20 IX, . 7% Each additional X on this grade, 81.75. TIN—ALLAWAY GRADE, 1021410, Charcoal ........... ce ee $5 40 14x20 IC, a 5 40 10x14 IX, ae 6 14x20 IX, neg See a eee one ease eee meas « Each additional X on this grade 81.50. ROOFING PLATES 14x20 IC, ‘¢ Worcester....... dees. .. oa 14x20 IX, ‘ re Loves eaacs coe auce 2 On 20x28 IC, ied NS deduces 11 50 14x20 IC, « 6 Allaway Grade.......... ._ -oe 14x20 IX, “ © Meee oa co ae . oo 20x28 IC, ia ’ ec ueues 10 50 20x28 IX, i ' cee eu ouat 13 50 BOILER SIZE TIN PLATE. Sieg TX... .......-..- bedied Usiacd uouete os ans ee a ee ace Goede ieee na euel. coca 14x: © No. 14x60 IX” oe — | per pound.... The Michigan Tradesman Official Organ of Michigan Business Men’s Association. Retail Trade of the Wolverine State. E. A. STOWE & BRO., Proprietors. Subscription Price, One Dollar per year, payable strictly in advance. Advertising Rates made known on application. Publication Office, 100 Louis St. Entered at the Grand Rapids Post Office. E. A. STOWE, Editor. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1889. THE PRICE OF SUCCESS. Very often the hard things said about men who have made a success and achieved wealth is but a very severe and unjust criticism regarding personal ef- fort, ability, wisdom and industry. In this country wealth is accumulated oftener than inherited. Among our wealthiest men of to-day, those who in- herited what they have, as compared with those who have labored for and achieved riches, are too few to form even a notable exception to the general rule. Were we to consider the well-to-do we would find that the rule obtains with still fewer exceptions. The wealthy and well-to-do of to-day were the poor of a generation ago. hey have come into possession of what they have by means that were open alike toallmen. They possessed no advantage which their fel- low-men did not, and won their way by and beyond them through watchfulness, industry and energetic perseverance. Yet we find them abused and maligned for achieving that in which their de- famers failed. Are our successful men in the schools, churches, the State, in the professions of al! kinds, thus tra- duced? Are they not rather extolled and honored? The successful man, out- side of business transactions, is praised, while in business the failures are shunned and the successful are vilified. This is not all-embracing, but it is true toa great extent, so much so that it has given rise to peculiar social problems and created discontent and a schism that is perplex- ing andeven menacing. The truth of the whole matter is, that, for various reasons, many men fail to meet with the success desired and fail to look at the real cause of their failure. They look entirely beyond self, imagine that the successful have caused their misfortune, and cry out that they are oppressed. They fail to recognize that this is a pro- gressive age; that itis a very busy one filled with new enterprises, new methods, new industrial operations and business adventures and practices. The methods applicable to business affairs a few years ago are out of date and new ones contin- ually arise. Competition greater, trades and industries are more crowded, a new condition of affairs exists, and he who is slow to recognize this is the one who fails to succeed. The successful manu of to-day isever watchful. He is fully awake to the demands of the times and the means through which they are to be met. He is always abreast of the age, and keeps pace with the changing condition of affairs. He seeks the new and best methods, applies the principles suited to the rushing, crowded, ever- changing, advancing times. He catches the spirit of the general progress and keeps up with it, or in advance of it. He educates himself in the principles of his business, and becomes acquainted with its minutest ramifications. With the change of conditions he changes his is methods, and is quick to utilize the ad- | vantage his alertness discloses to him. In short, he pushes his business, he works, he rushes. The fable of the tor- toise and the hare is out of date. That one race taught all hares a lesson, and they do not sleep now till the race is won. Thisisso true in this day that there can be found no tortoise silly enough to challenge a hare for a race. The successful man recognizes that we are living in the last quarter of the Nine- teenth Century, and not the first, second, or even the third. He succeeds, not only because he works for it, but because he works in the right way. Where there was one man pursuing certain business methods and adventures ten years ago, there are now thousands of men in com- petition with him. Business tact grasps new methods, and when the old currents of commerce become crowded, cuts new channels through the country, and, if necessary, into new lands. There is no patent on any of this. Everything is open to all alike, and that some do not succeed is no fault of those who do. There are instances in which wealth be- comes an oppressor in certain directions. There can be no defense made for the abuse of the power wealth may bring, but even that wealth once consisted of the brain and brawn of its possessor. Would not this so-called problem be elim- inated of a very troublesome quantity were all to properly use the means about them and within them to provide them- selves with at least a competency ? What isin the way of aneffort? What is in the way of success? If there be nothing found to prevent this, who are to blame for the failures if not those who fail? Aside from the lack of effort, there is prodigality too often observable which is never a part of the successful man. Many men can now look back upon their lives and discover that they have wasted what could have proven the basis of a comfortable fortune. No one would willingly part with any portion of his physical ability to make money, yet many recklessly waste their wages which is as much a part of their financial strength as their right arm is of their physical. Wasted or idle money is as wasted or idle strength. This problem of bread-getting on up through the var- ious degrees of fortune, has its solution in the individual, and his fault and the cause of his failure lie in his seeking it elsewhere. THE RESTORATION OF OUR OCEAN FLAG. The hope which seems to be indulged in in some quarters, that the United States can be permanently fooled and balked in the matter of its foreign trade, must be set down as one of the delusions with which people are fond of entertaining themselves. Yetitis easy to see how many interests are alarmed at the awak- ening interest in the subject, and the increase of intelligent knowledge as to the remedy for our present disabilities. The steamship lines of Europe, which now practically control the trans-Atlantic trade of the three Americas; the owners of the ‘‘tramp’’ ships, which pick up a mean and precarious living on the edges of the legitimate commerce of the regu- lar lines; the foreign interests of all sorts which are quartered upon us in the United States, for their own gain; all these, as they have voices to oppose every rational and sensible step toward re-establishing our lines of ships on the Atlantie, have also the hope that the American people will fail to apply to this subject the direct and_ resolute methods that they have used in railroad building, and the establishment and maintenance of domestic industries. The time has come, beyond doubt, when the attention of the country may be, and will be, drawn to the subject. We have seen long enough the relative decadence of our ocean shipping. We have suffered long enough the business disadvantages of not having friendly lines to carry to the countries south of us articles which experience shows we ean sell there. We have endured long enough the offense of seeing a large part of the commerce between North and South America done in ships making “triangular voyages’? — bringing the products of South America to us, carry- ing our products to Europe, and com- pleting the three-sided operation by tak- ing Europe’s manufactures to South America. Such a commerce as this illustrates to us, if nothing else would, the folly and fatuity of our present situ- ation. We havea large trade with South America. We are good buyers from her. In 1888 we purchased millions from Brazil, 10 millions from Venezuela, and 20 millions from other South American countries. Yet we surrender our trade with these nations to European control, and give to Europe not simply the profit of the carry- ing but the enormous advantage of its manipulation and direction. If it be worth while for ships to sail between our ports and those of South America, one way, it ought to be worth while for them to sail both ways. This is natural commerce, and any other is unnatural. Moreover, it is just commerce, for if we buy of South America 84 millions a year, we ought to sell her more than 30 millions. She takes from Europe the products of the advanced industries; she will take many of these from us, if the ships that come hither from Rio and Buenos Ayres shall go directly back again, and go in the interest of the United States. The delusion which those hostile to American ships are entertaining is, that the subject will not receive practical and direct treatment. They hope that people will be perpetually terrified by the word “subsidy.’’ But did not, and do not, all the commercial nations start and support their steamship lines with subsidies, open or covert? Did we not ourselves build the great railways which first opened the West, by means of subsidies— gifts of valuable lands, or direct loans of the public credit? Is it acrime todo for our ships what we did for our locomo- tives? The railroads opened up our domestic traffic and made our industries pessible; they have brought materials for manufacture within reach of each other, as they have, likewise, brought our raw products to the seaports; is it likely, then, that we shall fail to see the sense and the profit of providing correspond- ing carriage for these to the nations which are ready to be our customers ? Our sales to South America, in 1868, were 19%¢ millions; in 1888 they were 291¢ millions. But our purchases there grew inthe same two decades from 40 millions to 84 millions. The balance against us thus increased four fold. And yet our capability of supplying return cargoes enormously increased. Our pro- duction of manufactured goods déveloped between 1868 and 1888 in every particular —in range, in quality, in adaptation. Our shops and factories are far better pre- pared now than twenty years ago to furnish the agricultural nations of South KO3/ 090% America with the manufactures which they desire. It is the friendly facilities for transportation alone that are want- ing. It is steamship lines, owned in the United States, and directed and managed with the patriotic as well as the pecuniary sense, that are demanded. These will not only help to make an equal-sided com- merce, but they will increase as well the bulk of the whole movement. They will not, perhaps, establish themselves at the expense of Europe so much as they will take forihe United States a share to which she is every way entitled. And such ships must be fostered by the wise and adequate legislation of Con- gress. Let the voices of foreign inter- ests object, but what of that ? FALSE REASONING. It is the stock threat of the P. of I. organizers that the merchants who re- fuse to contract with the organization will live to see ‘‘grass grow in the streets’’ of their towns and villages. They vividly picture a condition of affairs when every merchant who refuses to listen to the entreaties or threats of the P. of I. will be following a plow in the field, while their vacant stores in the villages and the grass in the streets in front of every building but the P. of I. store will bea constant reminder of the supremacy of the new doctrine. In other words, they argue on the assumption that the nearer the Patrons can crush out all competition in merchandising, the nearer they will be to the farmers’ millennium. The fallacy of such reasoning is readily apparent to any man of ordinary abilities. Carried tu a legitimate conclusion, such a policy would leave but one merchant in towns of ordinary size and not to ex- ceed a dozen stores in cities as large as Grand Rapids and Detroit. Under such a curtailment of the number of mer- chants, a pool or understanding would necessarily follow—the prices on mer- chandise would not be held to the 10 per cent. basis, while the prices paid for agri- cultural products of all kinds would suffer a corresponding reduction. The farmers would find themselves unable to extricate themselves from the trap into which they had unconsciously fallen. Farm property would decline in value until it would be next to worthless—all because of the absence of a home market, which is the best market the farmer ever had or ever will have. Bankruptcy and starvation would necessarily follow, as a legitimate result of the absence of com- petition. THE TRADESMAN wishes it to be under- stood that it does not predict such a con- dition of affairs. The sturdy good sense of the rank and file of the farmers of this country would never permit their being led into so ruinous a pitfall as the P. of I. organizers are endeavoring to precipi- tate. The pitiful wail of the miners and lumbermen who suffer at the hands of the company store—or ‘‘pluck me’’ store, as it has come to be known—warns the farmer against placing himself in a posi- tion where he could be made the prey of designing and unscrupulous men. The experience of those who espoused the cause of the P. of I. a year ago, and have found that, instead of being a benefit, it is a positive detriment to the farmers, should also warn the thinking men of the farming community that the officers and organizers of the P. of I. are teaching a false doctrine, knowing it to be false, and that the man who listens to their seduc- tive promises and prophesies is sure to regret it before many months have passed. WATERED STOCKS. There is too much of our wealth in wind and water. Where ficticious values and watered stock taken from our com- mercial system there would, perhaps, be a great shrinkage, but there would as- suredly be a greater stability. Not only that, but there would be a strong influ- ence felt driving men to legitimate busi- ness operations; business that would in- crease the material prosperity of the country: business that would produce something, and leave the country richer in a tangible property. What does a large industrial system profit when it creates nothing, when it has no material basis, is unstable, and in its fluctuations atfects creative industries and hazards legitimate enterprises, and substantial investments? The whole system of speculation is not based on any substan- tial, material quantity. It adds nothing to the general wealth; it consists of false values and fanciful commodities, and re- sults in the shifting of fortunes, accumu- lations ever changing, but never in crea- tion or production. What is there given to substantial gain in stocks, margins, pools and the like? They are only per- plexing to the real creative forces which add to substantial wealth by the produc- tion of something tangible, something valuable, They encourage and at the same time menace the credit system with its burdens of interest and rents which is an unhappy one at best. The only sub- stantial wealth is the material, and the nearer commercial interests can be based on the substantial, the nearer will they approach stability, and the better agents will they become as material-producing forces. We want less wind and water, and more of a substance that we can take hold of. Something we can feel always makes the most comfortable pos- sessions. It has a sense of security about it that creates a stronger faith and a more stable, progressive prosperity. INSPIRED BY IGNORANCE. The Detroit News and a number of other daily papers of the State have had considerable to say of late concerning the P. of I., which they very improperly term the ‘‘Farmers’ Trust.’’ The articles are, in the main, full of inaccuracies, showing the general ignorance of news- paper writers on the subject. THE TRADESMAN is the only paper which has gone to the expense of probing the move- ment to the bottom, having maintained a reporter in the confidence of the origi- nators of the scheme at Port Huron several weeks. The confessions and admissions of the ‘‘Supreme’’ officers of the order, fortified by the account books of the organization and the statements of men who are familiar with the inside workings of the plan, form the basis of THE TRADESMAN’S series of exposures during the pastthree months. With this knowledge in detail, THE TRADESMAN is able to state that the movement is losing ground faster than it is gaining, and that itis only a question of a few months when the P. of I. will cease to be an object of contention, so far as Michigan merchants are concerned. The local management—or mismanage- ment, rather—of the Western Union Telegraph Co. continues to receive the condemnation of the business public. The surly treatment accorded the patrons of the office is enough to sour the sun- niest of dispositions. There is not an ill anywhere but for which some one hasaremedy. There are theories and theories by which the most perplexing social and civil problems can be solved. Each evil has its special- ist with his specific, but the ills do not disappear, and the problems remain un- solved. The thevries seem difficult to reduce to practice, and the specifics lose their virtue before they can be applied. Notwithstanding there are some evils magnified and others altogether the crea- tions of imagination, the specialist would doa good work who could make states- men out of politicians. One great difficulty lying across the path of life of many struggling vainly for success is their view singly to the end desired. The almost universal greed for gain is, however worthy the object de- sired may be, a difficulty in the attain- ment ofthe end. Intent on attaining the object in view, the means to be employed are disregarded. The plain lessons of life are not learned, and men strive for exalted positions and fortunes before they have learned how to live. ‘‘Step- ping stones’’ and ‘‘means to an end”’ are delusive, Foundation stones and ends attained pave the way to success. Ignorant legislators can weaken, crip- ple, or even destroy a nation. Ignorant physicians can weaken, cripple, or even destroy a human being, yet we require medical education, diplomas, certificates, recommendations, ete., from our physi- cians, and elect our legislators with a reckless disregard concerning their fit- ness and qualifications to make laws. We suffer constantly in many ways from bad legislation yet never stop to consider the cause oraremedy. Political education seems never to be thought of, and many of our politicians are too ignorant in political matters to know that they are ignorant. Fewer and better legislators, both State and national, would be an im- provement. The question of how to get money is engaging the attention of more people than the question of how to earn money. Laws that are general are the ones to be regarded. There is no general law gov- erning scheming and speculation. The successful in such matters are the excep- tions. There is a general law, however, governing the earning of money and all legitimate industry. Those who fail to receive what they earn are unfortunate exceptions to the general rule and are very few. The problem is how to earn money, and this is noeasy one. Itis simple enough when rightly considered, but too many people do not comprehend that it forms the basis of all success. No one is entitled to anything he does not earn, and very few fail to get that for which they give an equivalent. Route of the West Michigan. It is stated that the C. & W. M. Rail- way, in extending its line from Traverse City northward, will touch Bellaire, East Jordan and Boyne City, going east of Pine Lake. The uneven condition of the country on the west side of Pine Lake precludes the road taking that route to Charlevoix. Whether the route from Boyne City will lead to Charlevoix direct or to Petoskey—running a spur line to Charlevoix—has not yet been decided by the powers that be. 1» 2a ____— It Doesn’t Cost Anything to Think. Old Grouty—‘‘I’ve got some splendid advice for young men who are thinking of getting married.”’ Would-be Benedict—‘‘What is it ?”’ Old Grouty—‘‘Keep on thinking.”’ How Adrian Merchants Regard the P. of I. Adrian merchants are largely young men, and the methods and history of the Patrons of Industry have caused the ex- pression of some decided opinions. The general feeling is that the patrons will prove to be a large and lustrous fizzle, individual expressions being as follows: C. G. Wesley, of Wesley & Sons, hatters and clothiers: ‘*The effect on my trade, if I put in say four times the stock the first year, and sign one of their contracts, might be good; but if I stocked in the same proportion the second year and the organization broke up the effect on me would be bad.”’ Hoch Bros., grocers: ‘‘If the 700 fami- lies they claim to have in this country combined to buy their groceries at a cer- tain store, the result would be bad for the others in our line; but we do not believe they can or will so concentrate their patronage.’’ Charles Humphrey, books and station- ery: ‘‘Ido not think the organization will materially affect any branch of business. It is one of those spasmodic efforts that will be short-lived and soon forgotten.’’ Wm. M. Sheldon, jeweler: ‘‘A city man’s dollar will always be just as good to me as a Patron’s. They can get no Adrian jeweler into it, and I know it. The effect would be very disastrous to him if he were honest, and we all are, you know.”’ Levi Roath, of Roath & Van Doren, agricultural implements: ‘‘No merchant with a well-established trade can afford to go into the scheme. The Patrons will have some effect upon trade for a time. Our trade is with the farmers largely, and is of a class of goods they require time to pay for. One of the claims of thenew organization is that they are to pay cash; two-thirds of their members cannot pay eash when buying farm tovls. Thisis one reason I do not believe they will suc- ceed.”’ Miles A. Wheeler, of Johnson & Wheeler, druggists: ‘‘The object of the Patrons is to crowd out legitimate busi- ness. They will hurt trade for awhile, as they do now, but ultimately they must fail, because men’s interests are counter, and cannot possibly be all in the same channel.’’ Geo. A. Wilcox, of the Wilcox hard- ware company: ‘“‘If the farmers of this county think they are paying too much for hardware they are ‘off.’ The hard- ware men have to ‘hustle’ early and late to make ends meet. [ think if merchants generally ignore the order the established tradesmen would not suffer from the Patrons of Industry in the long run.’’ John Mulzer, boots and shoes: ‘‘I do not velieve the movement will be lasting, or that its influence will be long felt. One result will be to compel us todo a more strictly cash business, because margins are so small now that if we have any considerable loss our profits are gone.’’ J. V. DeFoe, dry goods: ‘‘The effect on trade of all branches here is apparent at present, because the trade of the Patrons is being held off until they have stores of their own. While saying noth- ing against the new organization, I honestly think it would be disastrous to a merchant’s credit to enlist to run a Patrons of Industry store. And I do not think the Patrons will succeed. I advocated their starting an entirely new store of their own, and let the old mer- chants run as they have been.”’ F. R. Stebbins, furniture, crockery and carpets: ‘I wish them no harm, but goods, yet cannot make a bargain with their committe. There seems to be a general feeling among purchasers outside of the order to stop trading with a store- keeper who signs a Patron of Industry contract. However, they may very seri- ously affect trade is some branches.’’ THE DETROIT NEWS COMPANY, STATIONERY, #ANCY PERIODICALS. The largest and most complete line of above goods in the S ate, at reasonable prices. Dealers are invited to call. Send for our circulars and price lists. OUR HOLIDAY LINE IS NOW COMPLETE. Corner Larned and Wayne Sts., Detroit. BOOKS, GOODS, Knit Boots, 1 Stay, $13.50 Net Wool “ . 1200 * - * 2 Stays, 9.50 “ “6 ‘“ Boys, g* 8.50 * LOWEST PRICES ON ALL KINDS OF Findings, Shoe Store Supplies, Ets, Whitcomb & Paine’s Calf Boots, Rubbers, etc. —_ <> The Methods of Success. There is no modern notion that more completely strikes at the root of whole- sale sentiment and of national and indi- vidual prosperity than the idea that many young persons are growing up with, that industry, especially manual industry, is not quite respectable. i Whether idleness takes the form of lounging and street gossip that begets all kinds of vices, or of dreamy sentimental- ism that wastes life in vague fancies, or the busy idleness that occupies itself in attending to other people’s business, all is pernicious in its effects asit is culpable in character. The want of method and habit in early life is answerable for many evils to man- hood. The youth accustomed to regular and industrious employment will seldom lose such habit in after life, while those who have been suffered to pass a desul- tory childhood will require extra forti- tude and strength of character to become persevering, energetic, and industrious in after life. A determination of charac- ter, a firmness of principle, which tries to do that which is right instead of that which is temporarily agreeable is the great safeguard against evil. Impulsive exertions may sometimes produce magnifi- cent deeds; but without methodical and steady resolutions, without system and habit and strength of will, but little permanent good or usefulnessis ever ac- complished. It isonly in the cultivation and improvement of our faculties that we can properly enjoy any of them. The large number of instances show the vice of idleness to be the result of luxurious habits, which break down the native energy of character. The person who regards momentary gratification as the chief good will soon lose the vigor and enterprise necessary to undertake and the perseverance to carry through any scheme requiring industry and self-com- mand. Some, from a paucity of ideas, lack enterprise and become torpid, being unable to see the utility of proper under- taking; while others, overwhelmed with a vast conception of what is to be done, sit down in the inaction of despair. Others begin with earnestness and hope, but, lacking perseverance, are intimi- dated by the first difficulty, and accom- plish nothing because they have not the courage to face obstacles. Still others waste their energies in trying to keep others from succeeding, and have none left with which to secure their own suc- cess. a Cotton Seed. Was there ever such a history as that of the cotton seed, now one of our staple products? For seventy years despised as a nuisance, and burned and dumped as garbage, then discovered to be the very food for which the soil was hungering, and reluctantly admitted to the rank of utilities, shortly afterward found to be nutritious food for beasts, and thereupon treated with something like respect. Once admitted to the circle of farm in- dustries, it was found to hold thirty-five gallons of pure oil to the ton, worth in its crude state $14 to the ton, or $40,000,000 for the whole crop of seed. But then a system was devised for refining the oil up to a value of $1 a gallon, and the frugal Italian placed a cask of it at the root of every olive tree, and then defied the borean breath of the Alps. And then experience showed that the ton of cotton seed was a better fertilizer and a better stock food when robbed of its thirty-five gallons of oil than before, that the hulls of the seed made the best of fuel for feeding the oil-mill engine, the ashes of the hulls scooped from the engine’s draft had the highest commer- cial value as potash, and that the ‘‘refuse’’ of the whole made the best and purest soap stock, to carry to the toilet the per- fumes of Lubin or Colgate. Crockery & Glassware LAMP BURNERS. Ne OS0R ee 45 Mo 8 ee 48 eee «yo 7 Wuhaiar @ LAMP CHIMNEYS.—Per box. 6 doz. in box No OSan 1 90 ee ee 2 00 eee eee ee cane 3 00 First quality. No. 0 Sun, crimp top eee ee cata eset og 2 15 No. OOO eee 22 noe a eee 3 25 XXX Flint. No. 0 Sun, crimp top pee eee ee eat. oe 2 58 Ro lL LF eee 2 80 No: 2 ** is Ce ee ee eee cree 3 80 Pearl] top. No. 1 Sun, wrapped and labeled fee 3 70 LL _ eee 47 No. grey S : CS 4 70 La Basti No. 1 Sun, ‘lain bulb, per doz Dees ces 1 25 No? Fe eee eee owe 1 50 No. 1 crimp, per. Oe ee 1 40 Ne ee eee eeeee 1 60 STONEWARE—AKRON. Butter Crocks, per - eee 06% Jugs, 7 gal., per doz.. 65 ce ce “cc 80 Milk Pans, % gal., per doz. (glazed 66c).... 60 “cc “ce 1 “ce “ce ( “ce 90c) ae vie] FRUIT JaRrs—Per gro. Mason’ S) i ee $9 50 @Quaris -- 3... ee 10 00 . POT eee ee ee 13 00 Lightning, piers Se ecco sect ens 12 00 1 eaen ee 16 00 A.D. Spangler & Co WHOLESALE DEALERS IN FRUITS «xo PRODUGK And General Commission Merchants. 0 EAST SAGINAW, MICH. We buy and sell all kinds of fruit and produce and solicit correspondence with both buyers and sellers. SEEDS If in want of Clover or Timothy, Orchard, Blue Grass, or Red Top, Kind of Seed, send or write to the Seed Store, 71 Canal St, GRAND RAPIDS. W.T. LAMOREAUX, or, in fact, Any “COLUMBIA” Steam and Hot Water Boiler for warming dwellings, ete. HUM & SCHNEIDER, Grand Rapids, id of MANIFOLD (f SHIPPING “ig | NN een Cf” SAMPLE. SHEETS“ PRICES B =F. 5s be) Asi Osc e ney asa br LECTROTYPERS, w Sicreotyper’s $< Neon wane Tar A aan Ue ee ee eats aaa ae ete IN td 3 SLY aD Le pas Woon ROMs DEATH To the Pass Book. Such is the fate of the Pass Book System wherever it comes in contact with the Tradesman Gredit Govpon Book, Which is now used by over 2,600 Michigan merchants. The Tradesman Coupon is the cheapest and most modern in the market, being sold as follows: $ 2 Coupons, per hundred ae $2.50 | SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING DISCOUNTS: $5 a 3.00} Orders for 200 or over....... 5 per cent. $10 se a ek 4.00 oo (Oe eee 10 ri $20 a ae ae 5.00 | - 1000 ~ 22230. 3 20 we SEND IN SAMPLE ORDER AND PUT YOUR BUSINESS ON A CASH BASIS. R.A. STOWE & BRO, Grand Rapids. H. Leonard & Sons. — ——— Mich. Cor. Spring and Fulton Sts. Near Union Depot. - HOLIDAY &OOUS If we have not sent, you our new Holiday Catalogue No, 100, we shall be pleased to send one on request. The largest line of Staple and Fancy Goods in this line ever shown in Western Michigan. Terms on Holiday Goods--Due Jan.1. Buy early while assort- ment is complete. ALSO SEND FOR OUR GLASSWARE AND CROCKERY CATALOGUE NO. 99 AND LAMP AND LAMP GOODS CATALOGUE NO. 101, IF YOU HAVE NOT RECEIVED THEM. H. Leonard & Sons. HESTEHER & FOX, Manufacturers’ Agents for SAW AND GRIST MILL MACHINERY, ‘ ATLAS ENGINE WORKS INDIANAPOLIS, IND., U. S. A; MANUFACTURERS OF STEAM ENGINES & BOILERS. ee? Carry Engines and Boilers in Stock Biggy for immediate delivery. Pate, cl Moulders and all kinds of Wood-Working Machinery, Saws, Belting and Oils. And Dodge’s Patent Wood Split Pulley. Large stock kept on hand. Send for Sample Pulley and become convinced of their superiority. 44, 46 and 48 So. Division St.,. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. end for Catalogue and a Prices. i ices Write for Prices. os. FROM WATER - FREE Fo ay is Use» NO CHEMic, 9 \N GOLD’ OIRECTIONS We nav* cooked the curnin this cau [f ) sufficienti shouid be Thuroughiy if - Warmed (uot Coo adding piece vi 4 Goo Buiter (size of hen’s egg) and gu. of fresh milk (preferable to waier.) Beanie to suit when on the tabie. None genuine uniess bearing the signature vu: Davenport Cannizg Qo, Davenport, Ia. iP EN aT THIS eno SHAFTING, HANGERS, AND PULLEYS A SPECIALTY. FIRST-CLASS IN EVERY RESPECT. Send Specifications for Estimates before Contracting THE LANE & BODLEY CO. 2t048 JOHN ST., CINCINNATI, O. BLIVEN & ALLYN, Sole Agents for the Celebrated “BIG F” Brand of Oysters. In Cans and Bulk, and Large Handlers of OCEAN FISH, SHELL CLAMS and OYSTERS, We make a specialty of fine goods in our line and are prepared to quote prices at any time. We solicit consignments of all kinds of Wild Game, such as Partridges, Quail, Ducks, Bear, ete. H. M. BLIVEN, Manager. 63 Pearl St. Lemon & Peters, WHOLESALE GROCERS. SOLE AGENTS FOR Lautz Bros. & Co,’s Soaps, Niagara Starch, Amboy Cheese, GRAND RAPIDS. WM. R. KEELER & CO., Wholesale Confectioners, 412 SOUTH DIVISION STREET. TELEPHONE 92-3R. We wish to announce to the trade that we are prepared to meet all competition in our line, which comprises a full line of confectionery, fruit and nuts. We also carry the Finest Line of Christmas Goods in the City. Do not forget that we are agents for Rueckheim Bros.’ Penny Goods, which are the best goods made, although sold at the same price as other makes. Mail orders promptly attended to. EDWIN BFALLAS, JOBBER OF Batter, Rovs, Fairfield Cheese, Foreign Froits, Mince Meat, Nuts, Ete. Oyster and Mince Meat Business Running Full Blast. Butter and Sweet Potatoes Going Like Hot Cakes. Let your orders come. Office and Salesroom, No. 9 Ionia St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Grand Rapids Fruit and Produce bo, Headquarters for C. WILKINSON & SON’S Fancy Jersey Sweet Potatoes. 3 NORTH IONIA ST., GRAND RAPIDS. MOOSE LEyY BROS. —WHOLESALE—— Fruits, Seeds, Oysters ? Produce. All kinds of Field Seeds a Specialty. If you are in market to buy or sell Clover Seed, Beans or Potatoes, will be pleased to hear from you. 26, 28, 30 and 32 Ottawa St., Alfred J. Brown, rats, Nuts, Dates Figs 16 and 18 North Division Street, Grand Rapids. A. HIMES, COAL TRACK READY FOR GRAND RAPIDS. Shipper and Retail Dealer in Lehigh ValleySoal Go, s Office, 54 Pearl St. Grand Rapids, Mich. COAL IN CAR LOTS ALWAYS ON SHIPMENT. MICHIGAN CIGAR CO,, Big Rapids, Mich. MANUFACTURERS OF THE JUSTLY CELEBRATED “Ae Cc. COC.” “VYamYrum’ The Most Popular Cigar. The Best Selling Cigar on the Market. SEND FOR TRIAL ORDER. DETROIT SOAP CO., Manufacturers of the following well-known brands: THE ABOVE COMPANY’S AORN SSR RISE NPS ITI ASE TELS QUEEN ANNE, MOTTLED GERMAN, ROYAL BAR, CZAR, TRUE BLUE, SUPERIOR, MASCOTTE, CAMEO, HENIX, AND OTHERS, : For quotations in single box lots, see Price Current. For quotations in larger quantities, address, Salesman for Western Michigan, WwW, G. HAWKINS, LOCK BOX 173, GRAND RAPIDS. GROCERIES. To Increase Tea and Coffee Sales. Correspondence San Francisco Grocer. During the last few years the grocers of this State have complained greatly in regard to their decreasing sales and profits on tea and coffee, which they attribute to the encroachments of the tea companies, so-called; who, they claim, sell their teas and coffees below what dealers are able to do, and also give to purchasers gifts of china, glass, tinware, etc. Now, the question do these tea companies or stores sell their goods for less than the grocers do? To answer this query, it will be necessary to explain some of the methods by which these tea companies carry on their business with profit. The average grocer seldom buys a tea that costs him than 23 cents per pound. This tea he sells is. less for from 35 to 50 cents a pound, but the tea companies, instead of buying the same quality of tea at the same price to sell at the above prices, buy cheaper grades; teas left over from the last or previous seasons, and also what is known as tea dust, at per- haps from one-quarter to one-half the price the grocer pays for his. By a sys- tem of blending the cheap old teas and tea dust with new teas of a higher grade, the gift concerns are enabled to sell them at the same or even at a considerably less price than the grocer can afford to do, besides giving away their so-called gifts and making enormous profits. In coffee they have a wider range. It being a partly manufactured commodity, they are at no loss to be able to supply an article which in the pure condition as it comes from the roaster sells at 25 cents a pound and upward, that by a seri ies of manipulations they can sell at from 12) to 30 and 40 cents a pound. In fact, ina good many instances this mixture con- tains no coffee whatever. “How is it.’ the grocer asks, ‘‘if, as you say, the tea companies _— to the above practices, that we have been un- able to hold our trade, when we, in fact, sell a better article.””. That is where the rub comes in. When the stores first started, your customers came to you de- manding the gifts and prices that the tea company were giving. You told them that you were unable to give them, and that the tea company could not afford to do so, either, and would therefore be un- able to exist only fora short time. You also ran down the quality of the tea com- pany’s goods and told your customers that if they bought them once they would never buy them again. Your customers at last being unable to induce you to reduce prices and give away presents, took their patronage to the tea store where they obtained teas and coffees sim- ilar to yours. and in some instances for a less pr betes are astonished, dismayed, declare it incre: ‘dible, but your customers don’t retu und you ask the reason thereof. very simple: The tea companies w the example of the cook. ‘first she catches her rabbit, then | j she skins him, and lastly she cooks him.’’ | When the tea 1 ooks their rab- | bit, then is the you to try to | regain your | I would make their | tea and coiieea urtment from | their other ¢ satasting | apparatus, con sand } saucers, a tea strait and | either a gas. alcoho for | heating water fo1 tea or | coffee to be tested. will |. give your customer ity to| suit their different 1 enable you to introduce any grade of tea or cotfee that is of especial value to you and also to an immediate demonstra- tion, if necess: of the superiority of your goods over that of your competitor. > — 9 ————— Wool, Hides, Tallow and Furs. Wools are steady in price and held somewhat firmer, with fair transactions. The market shows no weakness, as woo! paper maturing in November has been paid or renewed, holders feeling confi- dent that prices will be higher in the near future. In made sales claim shape time are some 33 one year market early something they They must goods and are onl) be established on favorable for Hides remain quiet and unchanged. with a good demand. The leather market is in good condition, with prices lower in both hides and leather than ever before. Tallow is in full supply at the low prices. Furs open at about last year’s prices, having lost the increase of value gained last spring. London sales of October showed no advance in any grades sold, but a decline in opossum, bear and coon. —~ ____— California Dried Fruits. From the American Grocer. The demand for California dried fr season has been exceptionally The supply of apricots in first has been exha and it doubtful if a carload order could be filled in State. The primary market is reported higher than Chicago on some The demand for prunes been equally as satisfactory, not being large enough to meet require- ments dat Peaches are firm commanding full figures. This is dently what Armsby, of Chicago, an ‘‘eating year.’’ The unusually Pacific coast have jury to the raisin crop. Grapes on trays for two weeks prior the pour were in the same condition as when put there. The largest growers and packers cannot any more than fill their contracts. Heavy losses must be met by some packers, a number of whom bought in their contracts. Later ll have a plentiful supply of shal domestie raisins. 1e uits this ac- tive hands xhausted, is . A the grades to 2. ol ‘alls heavy rains on the wrought serious to <> -o<.—__—_- Influence of Pure Air. A dairy at Frankfort-on-the-Main made the following valuable observations. They kept in a standard stable eighty Swiss cows, extraordinarily well fed and treated. In the years 1878 to 1879, prior to the introduction of a ventilation sys- tem, the same yielded, on an average per cow, 3,700 liters in 1877, same amount in 1878, and 3,716 liters in 1879. Subse- quent to the introduced ventilation the amount of milk yielded, the food being | the same, was as follows: In 1880, 4,050 liters milk per head; in 1881, 4,152; in 1882, 4,354 liters. has | the ree eipts | and | evi- | in- | the | down- | have } we | cheap | Meeting of Lansing Traveling Men. LANSING, Nov. 2, 1889; Pursuant of a notice for a meéting of all traveling and ex-traveling men of Lansing, at the council rooms on Nov. 2, for the purpose of making arrangements to entertain the Michigan Knights of the Grip at the annual convention, thirty- seven persons assembled. A. F. Peake, President, and L. M. Mills, Secretary of the organization, were present and invited to speak on the sub- ject before the meeting, which they did in their usual pleasing manner. The meeting was called to order by Geo. C. Cooper, when the following officers were elected: President—A. L. Field. Secretary—W. K. Walker. Treasurer—Geo. C. Cooper. The following committees were ap- pointed: General Arrangements—S. H. Row, Jas. G. Derby, W. K. Walker. On Finanece—Geo. C. bie Eo. Evans, C. F. Ballard, J. N. Alexander. On Rooms—E. A. Gilkey, W. E. French, W. J. Lee. On Reception—E. K. Bennett. F. G. Row, H. S. Seage, W. S. Jones. Ford. J. North, Jos. Urquhart, C. F. Marple, B W. Long. On Carriages—J. A. Smith, H. Lieb, W. S. Sullivan. On Press and Printing—W. S. Cooper, Van Buren. Jt. J. BUSH, N. B. Jones, Hon. Wm. On Banquet—aA. L. Field. Chas. Gilky. On Musie—L. A. Baker, H. Marple, J. H. Temmick. It was moved and carried that officers and committees serve until 1, 1890. Jj. 3. Bress, both Jan. It was moved and carried that there be a regular meeting every Saturday night at the council rooms at 7:30 p. m. until further notice. It was moved and carried that the Sec- the meetings: also invite all traveling men of Lansing to attend these meetings. Adjourned to meet Nov. 9. M. K. WALKER. $$ —< California Raisins. The first special raisin train ever dis- patched from San Diego left that point on Friday, Oct. 11, for Chicago and other the train of ten cars, an aggregate of 10,000 boxes. These Sece’y points, consisting with were from the Cajon Valley, the yield this he where it estimated season will be 95,000 boxes. Fresno’s yield is now placed at not Jess than 550,000 boxes. That the product of the entire State will retary furnish the press with reports of | is The P. of I. Dealers. The following are the P. of I. dealers who had not cancelled their contracts at last accounts: Altona—Eli Lyons. ia—J. W. Abbey. Bellevue—John Evans. Big Rapids—C. A«Verity, A. V. Young, E. P. Shankweiler & Co., Mrs. Turk. Brice—J. B. Gardner. Burdside—Jno. G. Bruce & Son. Capac—H. C. Sigel. Carson City—A. B. Loomis, A. Y. Ses- sions. seu Cedar Springs—John Beucus, B. A. Fish, L. A. Gardiner. Charlotte—John J. Richardson, Daron & Smith, J. Andrews, C. P. Lock. Chester—P. C. Smith. Coral—J. S. Newell & Co. East Saginaw—John P. Derby. Flint—John B. Wilson. Flushing—Sweet Bros. & Clark. Fremont—Boone & Pearson, Ketchum. Grand Ledge—A. J. Halsted & Son. Grand Rapids—John Cordes, Joseph Beries, A. Wilzinski. Harvard—Ward Bros. Hersey—John Finkbeiner. Howard City—Henry Henkel. Hoytville—Mrs. A. E. Combs. Hubbardston—M. Cahalen. Imlay City—Cohn Bros. Kent City—R. McKinnon, M. ney. Lapeer—C. Tuttle & Son, W. nings. Maple Rapids—L. 8. Aldrich. Mecosta—Parks Bros. Millington—Chas. H. Valentine. Morley—Henry Strope. Nashville—Powers & Stringham, H. M. Lee. Ogden—A. J. Pence. Olivet—F. H. Gage. Remus—Geo. Blank. Riverdale—J. B. Adams. tockford—B. A. Fish. Sand Lake—Brayman & Blanchard. Shepherd—H. O. Bigelow. Sparta—Dole & Haynes, Woodin & Van Winkle. Stan wood—F. M. Carpenter. oc. | L. Whit- H. Jen- Sumner Tucker. Wheeler—Louise (Mrs. A.) Johnson, H. C. Breckenridge, M. H. Bowerman, Thos. Horton. White Cloud—J. C. Townsend. \PRESS FOR SALE. exceed 900,000 boxes is not considered in A 7x11 Prouty press, with steam fix- tures, good as new, for sale at a bargain. Call on or address aN is, Hides, Fur 22 2 and 12 WE GARRY A STOCK OF NOS. DEALERS Wool & Tallow, 4 LOUIS STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MI CAKE TALLOW F anywise improbable by — who are FULLER & STOWE COMPANY. lin a position to give an intelligent esti- cee a oe a a lene }100 Louis St., Grand Rapids, Mich: | mate, | cron: ee PEREINS & HESS IPHREIL > & BSS iN CHIGAN. MILL USE. FOR Ui Buy a Case ofr Sold Under Our Personal Guarantee. I M. CLARK & SON. a sya sec Nena ng i FADED/LIGHT TEXT. TS SN gee For Sale by Leading Wholesale Grocers. PRODUCE MARKET. Apples—Dealers hold winrer py at $2.25 per bbl., fancy Kings commanding $2.50 Beans—Dealers pay $1.25 for abnd and #1.50 for picked, holding at $1.75@#2 per bu. Beets—40c per bu Butter—Dairy is held steady at 18@20c. Cream- ery is firm at 2@2z5e. ros Flour—%5 per bbl. for New York stoc Cabbages—#3 per 100. Cheese—Jobbers hold September and October make at 11%@iz*se Cider—10c per zal. ee Tr barrels, $1.25; produce barrels C ‘ranberriés—Cape Cod readily command $9.25 @89.75 per bbl. Dried Apples—New evaporated are held at 8¢ and new sundried at 5%e. Eggs—Jobbers pay 19¢ for fresh and hold at 2ic. Pickled and cold storage stock commands about 19c. Field Seeds—Clover, mammoth, #4.35 per bu.; medium, £3.50. Timothy, $1.50 per bu Grapes—New York Concords are the only variety now in market, commanding 45¢ per basket. Honey—In small demand. mands 15c per lb. Onions—Dealers pay 35@4C€ce for clean stock, holding at 50@: 5c. Pop Corn—4c per lb. Potatoes—The market is a good deal of a conundrum and is likely to be weak until after a spell of :evere weather. Squash—Hubbard, 2c per Ib. Sweet Potatoes—Fancy Jersey stoek commands $4 per bbl. po aR $3.50 per bbl. Turnips—3v0c per bu. Clean comb com- PROVISIONS. The Grand Rapids Packing and Provision Co. quotes as follows: PORK IN BARRELS. MECSG: BO es 11 00 Short cut Morgan. .............-++eeeee eee ee 10 50 Extra Clear pig, short cut.............- oe Mosher Clear, Reavy... 2... 2... 12 00 (lear fal PACK oe 12 00 Boston clear, short Gab.......... 6. a... 12 00 lear back Shore cht...) 2... 12 00 Standara Clear, short cut, best........--_. .. 12 00 SMOKED MEATS—Canvassed or Plain. Hams, average Sis 2 Sees c teas 10% sis. 1034 a 12 toe 14 lbs: ..... a S a8 MiG oe 6% S' Best DORCICNS (00. ce 9 SN ORIGCER 6 5% - boneless .... Breakfast Bacon, bonele Dried beef, ham prices..............-......... 914 one Clears, HEAVY... 002025 oe ve eee Briskets, medium __ 614 ight . Se 614 Lisws—-Hetile Rendered. MCE CCR ee oe ene 7 Oe 7% Seth Pins ee T%, LAaRD—Refined. eee i 6 30 and 50 1b. 7 CE 64 Sih (aie 2a case.............. 634 5ib Pers I2 in gease 00:00. ee: 654 10 ib. Pails Gin Reese 3 6% 2) 1b, Pave 4i a ease... 3... 8... 6% PO Ca ee eee 6% BEEF IN BARRELS. Extra Mess, warranted 200 1bs..............- 7 60 Extra Mess, Chicaro packiag..-..-.-..-. 7 00 Piste... a 72 Ske... to Boneless, rump butts. : . 9 00 SAUSAGE—F resh and Smoked. Pork Samrpaee es 6% oe Sse! es ee 1: Ponce sausaee....--. 3 ee Blood Sausage..... 22.2... - eee ee eee eee eee eee POMOE GA, SUrAie UC... .........-......---. Bologna, eee Head Cices, ....__................... PIGS' FEET in Hatt parce | Ss int Guaieer barrels... 6. 2 OU TRIPE. In Belt bareeis..........__...... In quarter barrels Py is FRESH MEATS. Swift and Company quote as follows: Beet Gaceses: - 4@6 fond quarters. 23.015. Oo Oke . fore ' aan 4 _ loins 1 @ix ribs @ 6% : SOHPUCR. os @10 Hogs. ee aS Pormiomes eee @8 = shbOniders...... -....---,. @ 5 Bologna ........---. ees cere cece cern eee @ 5 Sausage, blood or head @ 5 AVG call ee @ 5 . Mrenkion............ te ode oe @8 Mitton =... .......-. 5... .6 @ 6% OYSTERS and FISH. F. J. Dettenthaler quotes as follows: FRESH FISH, Ww hitefish Ce smokec¢ i... .... ...... Pn ibtiG. . 22. e eo es OYSTERS—Cans. Mamnaven Counis...................... @35 St |... eo Bt eee @20 AMebOrs - 0 @18 EES oe G16 Standards @$1 15 Selects. ee. @ 1 60 CANDIES, FRUITS and NUTS. The Putnam Candy Co. quotes as follows: STICK. Standard, 25 Ib, boxes. . 9% Twist, es 914 Cut Loaf, 25 Be ce sul a oto 10 MIXED Royal, 25 Ib. pails. ...........-. ae 9% : Cet BE 9 Extra, Shin pails... ee 10% OOib. BIR oe 10 Freneh Cream: Sy ip. pails... -.. 8... 11% FaNcy—In 5 lb. boxes. Eemon Drops = eee 12 Sour OfGU8 ee 13 Peppermunt Dreps..------..---. 14 Chocolate Prope. .-. sees 14 TM Chocolate Orops. 18 Gum Props. : 1-3. eee ee 10 Licorice Drops... .......--+--++ sees cess a AB Sicoriee Prope... 14 Lozenges, Pee ee. 14 Pree 15 bmperiais 14 MGhOCe ee. 15 Cream Bar. cS 13 MVOMsSeS BHF... te 13 Goramels ee ee 16@18 Hand Made Creams..... .......< etc ceeke see 18 isi Creainn ee 16 Decorated Creams... 20 Sing Hock -.:.:- eee e eee et. Se eeeees 15 art Almonds. .....0.. 2:2... Segoe. eee Mitnterereen Herricg.. 14 Fancy—In bulk. Lozenges, plain, = pets. ek 12 BDI se 11 c printed, = ee 12% - : se Chocolate Drops, in sedie eee cele Gum Prope, i pas: *% in Bis... ..- Meee tee cee ate eee cute 5% Moss Drops, = ee 10 MGS coo 9% Sour Drops, = Pe 12 Imperials, = gi oe 11 . MBIA -10% FRUITS. Oranges bbl..... oe 6 50@7 00 emesis. CHoIee 2 8 .-d H@3 15 = foney, large €ase.-...--....... @A 60 Figs, coyote, BOW. 13 @l Bags, oe... @ 5 Dates, frails, 50 ee, @ 4% 34 fratis, 50 Ib..:.... Lae as @ 5% _ Fard, 10-Ib. box. ee ee eee @9 . 50-lb. Sc eae ce Sage es me Persian, 50-lb. box! esccws Oh tom Bananas... .. 2. Reekeces Gea coool as 4 25@1 50 NUTS. Almonds, ——— Soe ceat Sieteugcc —_ Seas 3... cal cl. sous. _ California... .....- eee dees 13 ee Brass 2... Dees Se ieee cee ee @ Miloerts, Sety ooo ee ses 103 4@11 Walnuts, Grenoble. ......... ce 5 saad @i4 ns Calirorpia: 00... ...522 2.5, 43. @12% Pecans; Texas. HP... .. si cece. a5 dome Cocoanuts, per 100..... eee Dee acs @ PEANUTS. Game COCKS: 66s i. GS ee ces eee eee), ee NOOR bs cote ee ee eek esl ee Wholesale Price Current. The quotations given below are such as are ordinarily offered cash buyers who pay promptly and buy in full packages. BAKING POWDER. : 1 co ae .. & 60 . 3 80 2 oe sie PS a - ae 2 4 45 mg 4, \b. a i “ % lb. fo . 140 . 1b 2 See ha 5 Ib. oe a oe Absolute, 44 1b. cans, 1008. -11 75 i ¥% Ib. 's..10 00 : Tip. “* psig W Telfer’s, % Ib, cans, doz.. 45 - ¥% Ib. .. 8 sla 1 - 2 36 Acme, yy lb. cans, eg 75 iy os 1 OO sy i tb. al i a 3 00 . ee 20 Red star, +4 Ib. cans, 45 % lb. 85 2 1b 13 AXLE GREASE. Prager (201.6 ss #2 60 rr se 1@® Dineen 1 60 BATH BRICK. English, 2 doz. in case..... 80 Bisa 2 e American. 2 doz. in case... 70 BLUING. Gross Areue tig, 467... ..- 3 40 e a a... <7 OO ‘ . im... 10 OU : e 8-0z paper bot 7 20 ee Pepper Box No. 2 3 00 nt ct is 2 4 Oo : eg = & 80 BROOMS. No. 2 Hurl Vo cuee es cso. i Met se. 1 90 No. 2 Carpet eee es cea 2 00 NOt 225 Oe 2 60 Common W hisk a. 90 Fancy as a Caine i 00 a. a 2 Warehouse......_. 2% BUCK WHEAT. Kings 100 lb. cases . .-4 50 “~ O80 Th. Cases. es BUTTERINE Dairy, solid packed.. 1214 ie. 13 Cc reamery, solid packed. 13% r Tolls __. -. 14 CANDLES Hotel, 40 Ib. Dosea........ Star, 40 aaa O_O Wicking CANNED Goops—Fish Clams. 1 Ib. Little Neck.....1 Clam ¢ h ower 3 it.........2 Cove Oysters, 1 1b. stand... ce ‘4 eg ate Lobsters, 1 Ib. . = iD ‘ 1 Ib Sta . 2 Ih Star. <2... Mackerel, in Tomato Sat im 11D, stand. . 3 2 3 1b. in Mus a re a 1D. ek ee Salmon, 1 1b. Columbia.. -.1 90 es 1 ib. Algeus........ 1 8v Sardines, domestic \4s.. 5 & ] oe @ 9 Mustard 45..-... @ 9 imported 348...104@16 spiced, 368.... ..- 0 Sew 13 ih. Dbrook........- NED GooDS—Fruits. Apples, gallons, stand, ....; Blackberries, stand......... Cherries, red standard. pitted Dam sons Goosebe Grapes Green Gag Cas Peaches, all yel low, stand.. Quince Raspberries, Strawberries Whortleb Early Golc le Peas, rene. o.oo... extra marrofat... " ppakea. 0. ‘¢ June, stand : fo Sitsede . 1.4 _ < French, extra fine. f Mushrooms, extra fine...... 2 Pumpkin, 3b. Golden. ....- 1 OU Succotesh, standard........ 90 Sousan 8. 1 10 Tomatoes, Red Coat.. @% Good Enough....$ i) Ben Har. ..... 22. 95 © — Dr... @% aaa lic German Sweet... .........- 23 Premium... -.. 2... eee oo Cocoa... .. ee wat 38 Breakfast Cc oe oa. a 48 eee 37 CHEWING GUM. Rubber, = lumps eee 25 Se ee 35 NETUCe. =. 30 CHICORY. Bik (6s. 6 Co ee 7% COFFEE—Green. Hig. fair... 17 @I19 S. £000...... 0.3 |! 184%4@20 preme. 2s. @21 ‘* faney, washed...19 @22 soiden..... 1... 20 @2: SAMEOS. oo. 17 @z Mexican & Guatemalal9 @2z Peanerny -..0 6.0... > — Java, Interior.. i . Mandheling. 1 oe G29 Mocha, genuine....... 2 @27 To ascertain cost of roasted coffee, add 4c. per lb. for roast- ing and 15 per cent. for shrink- age. cCOFFEES—Package. 100 lbs ion... : - 234 tn Caimeis oo 2334 MeLaughlin’s XXXX....234 Dariam...... oe Thompson’ 8 Honey Bee.. -- 25% Pisce cs. 23% Good Morsing........._._... 23% COFFEE EXTRACT. Watley City... =... 7 Welz... cw. 2 10 CLOTHES LINES. Cotton, 40f.....-. eee doz. 13 5O Tt. . 1 50 ei Gof... .... as 1 60 5 "Ott. ..... : 2 00 es i....... " 2 2 Jute Qt... c 1 00 . ate.) 115 CONDENSED MILK. Waele. 7 50 ANGIODWins. 2.0.00... 6 00 CRACKERS. Kenosha Butter.-.......... 8 Seymonr = 2... 6 ger 6 ‘« family................. 6 & Wises...) 2... < Bocwen....:- ee — o ley SoGe. ce 8 So@e: ee 6% SS 6 City Grates: OR. se aoe yo ae 6 CREAM TARTAR, Strictly pare. -:. 2.2.2... 38 CROCE <<... 555-6. i... London Layers, for’n. Muscatels, California. POWDER, GUN Rico. a ad New Orleans, »¢ One-half barr ral f Muscatine, B R Museatine, ae L ' } estic. DRIED FRUITS—Dom Apples, sun-dried..... 54@ 5% o evaporated. . @ 8% Apricots, e 115 @16 Blackberries ‘‘ dices ae 7 MOMMIEEOM Lull. 14 Peaches ee eee 14 Plums Gee ‘ Ranppermes “| i525. -a DRIED FRUITS—Citron. in Groat...) ...,... @23 i BONN @2 DRIED FRUITS—Currants. Zante, in barrels... @ 5% . in less quantity @ 6 DRIED FRUITS—Prunes, MULReW fs ek .. 444@ 4% OCR ees cack 54G@ 6 Caltornig. oso ocs 9% @10 DRIED FRUITS—Raisins. MW MIOMCIGR. 6620008 8. T4%@ 8 Ouegeres 2. @ 9 London Layers, Cali- Teenie os @2 50 @ @2 00 DRIED FRUITS—Peel. Bemog...2.. 3. 13 Orage cs 14 FARINACEOUS GOODS, Farina, 100 tb. kegs... .... 04 Hominy, per DDE...) .. 27. 3 50 Macaroni, dom 12 1b box. 60 . imported eae ‘@ 9% Pear] Barley .. i @ 2% Peas, ereen...........- @1 lv Oe a @ 3 Basco. German. ....... @ 6% Tapioca, f’& or p'ri..- @ 6% Wheat, cracked... .- @ 6 Vermicelli, import. . @10 domestic... @60 FLAVORING EXTRACTS. Jennings’ D.C. Lemon Vanills 2 oz. Panel, doz. 85 is 402. Si 1 40 2 20 6 OZ. = 20 s 2 Ne. 3, 1 0 1 60 No. 3, “ oe ao 4 00 No.16, “* ee, 6 00 No. 4, Taper, 1 60 2 50 4 pt, Round, 4 25 c 50 i ° | + 3-30 15 00 FISH—SALT. Cod, whole.. 444@ 5 He honelesa. 000). @7%4 Maou... 94.@10 Herring, round,%4bbl.. 2 75 gibbed... ' 2% Holl and, bbls.. 12 00 kegs,new @ 70 “3 mcated .... 22 Mack. sh’s, No. 2, \& ‘bbl 12 00 im ~ Ib Kit. Lt oo Y > eo _L 2 Trout, 4% Dbis.........4 @0@4 50 | 30 i. kits 60 White, No. 25 2 40 Dt) Mixed bird... 21... 0)... - Caraysy.....................10 a + meray... - ss + eee 8% aoe. 4, MatAre. Ty SHOE POLISH. dettine,1doz.in bow...... .% SNt FF Scotch, in bladders.........37 Maceaboy, in jars..... oe French Rappee in Jars.....43 SOAE Detroit Soap Co.’s Br “ands. j Oy 3 30 Queen Anne... ..-......... 3 85 German Family. -......... 2 40} Mottled Germian............ 3 00 | Old Geren ................ 2 70 U.S. Big Bargain..... «1 OF ress, Mioster..-........ a oe Cocoe Castile ...._......-. 3 OG | Cocoa Castile, Wancy........ 3 36 Allen B. W risley *s Brands. Happy Family, 75...........2 95 Old Country, 80..00000 000. 3 30 na te... Ss Bouncer, 0... 3 15) sPIcEs—W hole. | Alispiee cl 9 Cassia, China in mats....... 8 om Batavia in bund....11 . Saigon in rolis......40 Cloves, Amboyna...... oo a Pan eioer............ 20 Mace Batavia... 1.1... 80 Nutmegs, fancy - NG. EF... Ie is Lo a Pepper, Singapore, biack._..18 white. 26 . 20 20 sPicEs—Ground-—-In Bulk. Allspice ..............-..---. 15 Cassia, Batav ia. a 2 and ‘Saigon. 25 . Same 42 Cloves, Amibioyna.........-. 32 . aeeaE pin Ginger, Atrican............ 2236 : COcmin......,...... 15 a eamaiea ....5.... 18 Mace Batavia... -. 2.3... S. 90 Mustard, English Le cue es 22 and Trie. .25 - Trieste eee eee acd 2 Nutmegs, No. Pepper, Singapore, Dinek....2f wiite..... 30 se Cyyenne.......-... 25 Herbs & Spic es, small..... 65 Targe.....1 25 STARCH. Mystic, Gt pues... 4 48 Barecle: ee. 6 SUGARS. a @ 754 eunes 2. : @ 7% Powd@ered . 3... @ 7% Granulated, H. & E.’s..7.€6@ 744 . Franklin. .7. 06@ 74, . = 8...7.06@ 746 Confectionery A...... ae Stamd@era. 200. . 5... 2 6% No. 1, White Extra C. “ua 65% Noe 2ixiwe C......... . @ 6% No. SC, golden........ ® 5% mo. 46. dark......--.- @D 5% mo 5 €.............5.. @ 5% SAL SODA, ee ee cae te 1% Granulated, boxes.......... 2 SAPOLIO. Kitchen, 3 doz. in box... .. 2 35 |Hand, 3 ee 2 35 SAUERKRAUT. Silver Thread, 15 gallons....2 95 | © kes 39 ee SYRUPS. Corn, barrela...... 4... 4, @24 “« "one-half barrels.. @26 Pure Sugar, Del... se .28@36 half barrel....30@38 SWEET GOODS. a 2am Gineer Snape... 5. 9 9% Sager Croams.,.......9 9% Frosted Creams....... 9% Graham Crackers..... 9 Oatmeal Crackers..... 9 SODA. BORGe 2. oes ice cca 5% Mees, Murano. 436 TEAS. JAPAN—Regular. Fair . ees ce @16 Good . ee 18 @2 Cees 24 @2 a ...30 @34 SUN CURED. ON ie 14 @15 Goon. 16 @20 Chee 24 @28 Choicest. Lipewne oe Game BASKET FIRED. Bae cee @20 OMOMe cia @25 OO @35 Extra choice, wire leaf @40 GUNPOWDER. Common to fair..... .. 2 @35 Extra fine to finest. -50 @65 Choicest fancy. . @s5 IMPERIAL. Common fo fair....... 20 @35 Superior tofine........ 40 @50 YOUNG HYSON. Coramon to fair.......18 @ae Superior to fine...) 136 @40 OOLONG, Common to fair... ...2% @30 Superior to fine....... 30 @50 Fine to choicest.......55 @é65 ENGLISH BREAKFAST. air . eck 25 @30 Choice. ee EEE 5 @b5 Tea Dust... 2... 8 @i0 ToBaccos—Plug. S. W. Venable & Co.’s Brands, Nimrod, x12 and 2212... ae meception, 22 5x12. 16 o2...... 36 Vineco, 1x6, 4% to ce aie 30 Big 5 Center, aui2, 12 02...... 34 Wheel, 5to tb.. . te Trinket, 3x9, 9 OZ........+s00- 2 Jas. G. Butler & Co.’s Brands, Sometuing Good.............. 37 @ Pew... so. e . Tobacco” TORACCOS—Fine Cut. Pp D. Scotten & Co.’s Brands. 500 1000 VINEGAR. 48 Cotton.. 22 Cotton, N« 20 tc 18 Se me s¢ d 4H Clothes} Bowls ‘Asso rted, 17s and 17s 2 50 r 15s,17s and 19s 2 75 Bas kets, m larket nT 40 bushel ... GRAINS and FEEDSTUFFS WHEAT. New. Old. White... .........._.. 78 78 4... %8 %8 | All wheat bought on 60 lb. test. | FLOUR, | Straight, in sacks......... 4 0 . “ Dairels........ 4 99 | Patent sacks. ws om sai “ Darreis........ 5 96 MEAL, Boreal 96 Granulated,....... 1 00 MILLSTUFFS. BevOCttes (8. cc ean i Middiints..........-...... 12 00 Meieca Veed............... 14 50 Coarse meal.. s...--. 14 00 CORN. Small lots.......2.......-. 37 i 37% OATS. Ea 25 Car HIDES, PELTS and FURS. Perkins & Hess pay as fol- lows: HIDES. ree ........... os 4@4% Par Oued... .. 6.5... @ 4% ee aa @5 PG 5 @6 Dey Kips... 2... Ss aS Calfskins, green...... 38 @4 ay cured...... 44@ 5 Deacon skins......... -10 @20 ¥% off for No. 2. PELTS. Sheayviirer, .- 2... 10 @25 Estimated wool, per b 20 @28s MISCELLANEOUS. Mottew .. 2. 3%@ 4 Grease butter eee 3 @5 Pe MLGON ge nec 1%@ 2 Ginseng.......... ++. .2 00@2 75 wooL, Washed... 34.4,;. «- + .25@30 Unwashed...... ..++ ++ +++-12@22 Jru LOX cK os © Med yo) — Staie Board | icines _.. . ward o} Thre ears—G mar E of P e Fo e Yea ‘Geo. M Eberba harm H See — eacor E GOT THE resid rs—J sob Jess arki maz - a Tai Sec ent— ames Soe —— ail ees eat BIL paca eon Receegon From ey a pore ain Se ick is ». Me , Di ee etroi : Michi —— ebonald. Kali san a For a an Free odie Time Man in th | From th D dgi shige nsing N a ae . ss . | ru President Sisube ag rxomosnrareng _— oa or two 5. e Th ioe and Bee" Vice Presi seeN any Sane*: ee re omer. the coil | men tha is no g 2 orking ee sident— lis, Detroi reutice $15 out of pacifi or ollee | i an reat ' oe e a ‘ebtor ati a hari ee ae ‘hae whieh difference [The sel sone v na maak ector Yr ov man et the ying JaVS a xy do t exists i bet ie ec a i . Ee : i" : 1g 3 * sts Ww | every tm an ae 3. Brows, Ay Aepor rt, Berrian by has b er tw who I sum ¢ / men ah large heir w sin th een'd y do en m ee rbor. roit. Springs ‘ promi een pu Oo year 1as bee of | by o are conti vork e spiri ays g¢ sho et al a Kal: on; St ‘< ideh s. | HE has ises it off . ars. en a! a a sens » driv ingent . The it ne + and th uld b 1d ord sta coca a tk as wor made a hu he sity se of d en to th of re is arly 5 e thri e mu: ered ptember, 1800. Non dd. Cr ~ i oa 1e prof orked eve to 1 ndred ti ol- enti ——s uty o their sas old f 500 m irifty h uzzled that G ber, 1890. ae East Saginaw; Ge E eveni yfessit every ye br times antious se me r by tl tasks iges; 1 amily uzzles ardw for f Pre rand R : w, begin . Detroi D eola | oo ning ym wit y rack oken s| cessf s work n are ne las s eith ; leath y dogs at $1 are 0 orty sident apid aning thir — g het hout et k , and) ssful ers; § oft sh of er, 2 er th s tra api nan sole JW. ds PI g third T et de Lap} avai no th work s; someti en har neces eve ongs vel ar piece sold sé G . Hay 1ar uesd | a ti epot < pened ul. f wn t ey ar rkers: etin ard es- F cl $ aro arou ea TH a yward maceuti ay | icket f and s d dow The o}| ful i re ev rss, tl nes t , consei than osed und ind t taid| § EO dent a ids , Secret: utical S | “Ss for C saw hi wn at 2 othe | ul if th ver gr ; but 5 hey i. sei- | th a be on their j own wi LD _P. D. Ki tical Soc | So y ic gece [a ; : 4 ef anythi ir wit A OR ” ee ee Cc — a lg 0 you hicago ais you the Thi r | the er W eat wor is de re suc- at had bone ythir Jaws h ici pues © pr Seerciaryy all Ft Bacott. | ee ns ee rird | anc moral ork ev rkers; i yubtful i -luggi worked : paki Se s, whict NAL.” ent. W. Ph: tary, cs’ Associ oot OLE y to Cl 2 oing we y man buy | nd pt expressi ver re S: itis 4 if ging it ed his saw on ore hu a * M Yt Aliens eae ae our dé nica est 2” y, mus Irpos ssion of ally re oul arou $s muzz e bi man RE eee -Allen; 3 ceuti rower ne. that li avs go. 0 9? he ust L se. T of t ‘y repr yt ndi zzle gz masti 5 -PA gon en; Secr ica : ti YyS, al 1] e ask 1av r heir pres in hi off astiff NT ent,C.S n Dr retary - soci ittle bi 1d th be bs sked must, i eal ue W pir OW sents is 1 an t nt, Cr5, Koon 8 eretary We ots a: oe 1 Bi be So ee le off and was | J Y Ne ag Sata sg! oe sa Goi want tc 1 thre ratur ther w eleme of all Tey | . : . our B w W - etary, J ssO — Sor xOINg to p ee} whi al ot words nt of ki | ug a JW ciati a marri nethi g to Chi pay y vhicl _ itflov ds, b of ple inds | cotbeseellasd gy In tl y of M sr oe ait on. arried.”” ing of ‘hicag y- you! of i 1 find vy and , be spo avn a : + il a : . ‘ i Ls > ‘ 2 c | fs s . nté J n it: i f the 1e De aking ‘No? a vi ‘ago on a vi Le itself s inw overtl aneo : or > Curr eutsche su No!” sit, goi a visit ?”’ imi i ork ow of us—a | Ss serip el : Le gar op gol : nens 10S the r fans a) U ee er ae oe ont Foo The ng to get cs oe sags be 75 cts 3 SPENDED sugar of anew age 6 th Zeitung f a ock i cere must | 1 whi pst ¢ ook ssion . = Avs ! Up lead vy metl s here i g for | ‘And in the sMONY i st hav ich R ountl ed at i . . * i to tl or pl 10d of 2 isa ee d yo morni y takes dous e bee 2ubens s ess pi the os : in vog 1e pre um bic of pr a de- I sk u wa rning.”? es dous curr n consci ssta pieces PA cue orese nbie ac epari ae 10ul nt t g. place ing ent of nsci ampe 2ces of oS eo A Fe. or gue consi ent tir acetate paring The d smi o bet at all d of t ous 0 d hi er _ Ate plu : nsisted i ne tl c. gl hi e coll nile 2” 2 ther by educti he r of ti mself | ¢ fas] 52s ww y tait mbic ed in 1e Us lis © et dal re, of ¢ y proxy ctions f nan’s cee | IN 4, WES sz 1e i oxi treati sual / COE or t S course’ t xv; is for Ss nk emen- | 1 @ ae high d in cages oe reap | when re and -— ot bi arse: ? ca —— — work es aang We val SEN i 3 2 g 2 se ar en . as Ghat ’ is Ee ap ak- Cc 5 (CHICO fe og Or po ai oe aske peeling of removed om his sia cuan the fi a he did PECK BROS. pri ROO ee MA $ Th 5 me ae | ) a wi 1 of s ob- | rtuni on bidi 1d him w tf his ed | or orce cil 1e fix estify to | ce for i ay Cc ® REY ieee : vith les réunity hi ding m whi lis ves organi _ who are Me xed y to’ : = — * ME — in w : have aceti aq a H y has c & my : lat we est anizati oare n of pur ) tol Ada ica} a o 4 whicl e tri etic at ow ; come,’’ y tim was work rations ethee gre pose 85 G esal ress Whit C ips gl aceti ch tl ied to acid e3 what?” he e, and m up-a ae are i centers at execu- MAND RA eb UR >: % Oy Sos tate s 1e pr devis aie os Sk cies ee e repli d my mo ot si re invari ars of i xecu- Sa ead and 8 Li ES oof rer the shot reparati ise ¢ he bi going plied y op- ney simply vari imt API ate Nl z i & 2 USE ud b ratiol other iJ igeer ¥ to lig] r bee E and J bec: ably. I nense s. : Cols ve a2 Cu aL 3 oxids of me e mad » Of plans yut tl ce mal 5 at int ause positi eause c overs i T Work ir a —s re Ss & @ atio etalli e t the us 1e TOW rand oy whie work ion and work s of DE § Ki nd ae ie a aceti n of | ic lea » de lead is to | W wi I expec = % ch tl aff and i rk n TRO . d = = eetic aci ~ ad, pend 1 di and ye ary ill cer xpec Yo gr ney ¢ ords inf neans co IT 2 well, oe expo oat - i aie a . Certainty eat be [. a “they ean pour 1 ae a e scmorited ) _— EE lo pes? a s a 2, acid’ du ee ks ae ehthe| case ro th aighs 1 ed, | tale not of tl nemsel hro Bes ged to b | Seneca ood Troub g i 2 is 3 ae sence ae ean us mis n t¢ roth alents possil 1e world ves int ugh on o be | a the due to is a corr ie air ee of ase blac iiss V » th 1 of nts yle f orld’ s int th the Wie a e er rj evi rres goes fl w the ack you your e stati sta and for al s 1 o tl ALS eM TEL is Ss os i of aporati spondi es very | week > marri your ir trai tion ntly op all of nove 1€ ' OW a L pAMEG on ea 3 3 ver the < ration ding | ry oP arriag ey on Pee pulse, the i portuniti us. wi eae E k rk | ee WEOE sti Sse litl that aceti which oss of “Si ut t ge can’t e, and i Per- se, b inspir nities _ with lesser ee BR et | ee ip Ss 5 large 2 that ate thi ch re of | t] Say, mé ip your vt co in t shar a ut it i piratic Ss to fi esser | ——— 100 . iH c REL ati 7 = He lg by tk us pre nders rat 2”? att, yo ir duk me off f hat e iti is m of t : eel | — 5 GRA Louis S 1 Fo ea ——AN on "BB; oS rr d ie e »duce : a you w res 1? ff for G n Ss poss his 21 eon- | er ND 8 St | ee r inf. ae po . 5 take J. ced 1 “Thi wouldn’t| ora 70d W mie de sible for 2 great i —_ RAPIDS | ed eve Sern art ; @ pec Bey a ployment of oe ldn’t be as x pervaded by ne sor a a Pare Wholesal cision cee ae i ei emal Warranted i 7 _ siete ent r a pate ver 1 conn pay y 11ars nean ¢ play yy the ssantly s to| es es stomac Sood, medicis unq idS. eC by -limat not ing j res nt by _ fas TI y yo sor: 1 as y, bec 1at e y,b | ~Kavanced—B: al Seap ch. 7 aie ie bs ualifi by Freezi ge to Thi gina ults yy i as rece lk 1e who u half.’? a row.’? s| flow of cause i eleme ut His | nced— © P egists —.- eoacem O ing ezing Quality hicke The a mani can be means of ently ast al 10le or Ni Vv. . of His se it rer nt whi s work i A he Bals ri = — pion rong ie wrenkens mm co. See ig. All y Guari en, So 2 le: i ver whi obtai of whi . uD.” 1d O1 : or no iL e yoy < : is ene epres 1ich is cetic cIDU usam C IC LRICH & 8, S5C. - Sold est is quota 4 others ante ur oO i expos ad it hich i ained | hiel Y ily ck thing y of the di ergy sents we oe et M. um_Copaik e is 2 ane rs W ad Aaatn Mold i sed 1 theé 1 is bri ww | oe y chance ree So expressi e divi gy, and s the call B 1z0ict i opaiba, Irish M e: emerson ee a ee ae ans acaad oi aceti to. e for rietiv y work- The eo C cs ess ine the a na oraci im, German. : sh XN u ry label. Bei mr TE bees Inj ie aci the rm of ly thus n / 1e yo om my fi real sion natu ere is i tural | Ca cic , Germa . 8@ Carb Moss, CG ror ela |: ein , Tl @ 1 is eff added ing 4( nflue1 Is skippe 1e al k out hi joy ist par d toe re quate —— 40@ 39 | Lo nide po. 20)... i: orate P ema perfe sntirel . eval : effected | to it ) per ice of donned ed for tl nount of ris boc yousnes artake of mbody it is e | Nitro cea 45 odide.. 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N « lef eal som J rt of finis yneo of S$ eylic¢ dil -- 13e 2 Potas Nitras , com 270 iB nict ras ao db } Th a into arried whicl yors whi sligh ys ynder t ti niy ethil our 1lishe ur wl Sulpl um en @ 14 Pp ass Ni ras, 0 a B 29 | alm cum , oune 35@1 Retai y “a e Bes mus ce ese 11 ¢ | Gentie nn 15@ 201 Cart phy Bat 18 ed. 8 is 1ot be stre whi nd di less . . se proeing sta - lead ne sa ao alibestiend a whose - in -. —- be to . put — Black oe i 20 i Giyehrri (po "45) bee 2 | oo a ius, (po. 2) @ Pe | our Whole eae i he'exceled. _ an by d is ee igar rT qhe lo gst yer ee is diseuss, selves. W ich speak sala aan ee yd iza, ( Se 200 it | Cera E ba, S. oe 23G 4 Sa i directions ce ta uty bY any asser of ne as W ock w ae This sw uss : s. 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Fr mons ar and T | Tk consid y to ge ay when regard vy to th necessi ise of ays t oe 150. 50 ae ae: @ 45) ae Se G 30 D PROP tac ina 84 moders TTLE Sen arc G heir | That v erati get rid of en he f ded | the 10Se ssity: duty » those | 1112 50@% 50 | Iris plc ie -. 15@ 45 | Ck METI ee ee @ 40 ET RIET caecas task 4 e Best F ate pri 8. is i ce, Port ultiv< ir Uses h ery ni on, | of it: e fot m ti se wh¢ Je work i y or se Cube BACC @3 00 J ieee 15 D, an| taceum «2... @ 15 RO TORS ; : ine arket st Furr ' ce rm S if 3 uge ated i es. ; home ¥ nig 1@ Wi at ind they 1e one 0 do rk under J eae ( i AR. Jalar (po. 20622) : 5@ : | a 5 I . j ; Fae 4 pele ! oy an al, ey in the s that t he _ howe tat emia pretty Es can ae great = pte —— unter 60.... 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M ait a lava es os 11 i us a @ al Supri ar een @ 1 i ay of < ery g tantl ie it, Ss and | yr by hi must s ot bes brok vas | ning ari 1e gr xperi ion, i Pr Ga Ceri ee Waler po | Festi. 10@ 20| De Bear aves vee * >» 8 part f applyi good in y wh Sailors The 1im I see hi seen er wé ig fish g arise Il gravest ience s , 4-| G unus Vi ifera, p oo 18 eee ieee eti- @ 12) E xtrine a 5Q 38 i i witl ying it i neurs en a Ss 1e ser 10t half m; ; as | fro whie nore @ st cases > seems Quillai irgini Pee ee 30 | Zi “ , Eng oe eXtrime «---.2. +++. @ % pers¢ ra sii be algia; eas oe am: alfa have om eati h has omn ses of s ; Sass irk seo ot Fe a. oe 2B _| Eme eee — al ns W oe o ru gia: the - xk wor ant we n hor e bee Wt ating fi as bee 10nly f fist oe cy ) | Zix iber a et ) @ 35 | ery, 8 ee Da 9 “ and | who d of cu b the best Tl ord thé nt ups ir ago.”’ n sel 1ere fis g fisk mn kk y fror Sa al ho 2 vgiber j.... _.. 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INCRE ee a le cena vod Se | visi ghts ved ght g ght | carryi 1ing y fav n ice, it a: ak. yeyrrhi AcTU O|A isum, ( EN 25| G la. fa @ abiliti 2EASE 1d chi ISA t bef se emon | ness s oa itor Ss wer , I gou arry g aco vors , it ol. | trhiza G m pium | (po. : Gala sees. 40@ 6 a 1 ities I E PE shildre BLEL ore ri ugar, hee ina: sshoul alth | My enter re tur oani p- d Tyme wi nstar s putref appear in jlabra Birc (gr 20) G bcs eere ree eenees a 45 econ s have i INSI( en. » sc len risit : yefor a glass uld tak al y dear red tl irned ng wi erive 5 vith i nt su refacti ars | aemat po LL 24@ C tis. tt fambier. <=. ---.-.- a WE es ne Bala Hanes NSF SOLDI smons wi ig mM re goi ss of ake j other ar Ji 1e brok low. W ith | in ed from i t the pply of tion by | atox, 15 7 ek, AG 2% pao ene ons) @ 15 ane @ = AR ntal r1 titled ser soa th ERS, ach with the going t a er r of th mes, I oker beg: Whe gs, St ym its f putref of mois ry | 1s box... 33@ 35 uke a 2 10@ 12 Glas COOPER. «+. 10@ 23 EH eins to a hij aad tar a wh ; and ev = morni o be ae ania 1e dread hav pega n| ered vi ) that th foul and activ isture, | zi ee n@ 12 ava i. = 4 coy Eten Ch os B11 KA enlis ape gato | ee a oe mati eve vater i ling d ar goi _ and # eadf ave hac an; 2d wi this i and fi ve ba e, | “ VaR uN: 1@ 12 Jorland ace a 6 cen Prench @ QU wi sted on ¢ OUNTH of rate se wh on or ntuall irrit: : Taki id ng to‘ am af ul atte 1ad na ith fr is ice ilthy s acteri | oa 13@ Can rum i al 31 Glt Be int. 75 & “a 90 RT war of ae VTE f Cor by =o numero The us ly w itates aking | cs afrai acks to-day nt wi resh s ed fish re surr 59 quanti 7 efacti ns of fi ins cov | Ci onate P UM. 17 oe ce 31% ® 12|G yceri ncaa SEN ae rae a dae a “864 ia it is es Il: bu is it non jui im a busi ave td sent f one is odies ities of ive b filtt | ee recip Dipteri aa 4 4 Gea Pas ame ND F ir a ny time. previ eee ae vt t ther mpossi juice ¢ —— siness tr take or y is | ar s, the ani of thos acteri 1 pre | Citrat nd Quinia... oretele Odar 5@1 a be Su as OR P . See pal aees Eagan ng thi nally ployed re is ssible to. are S¢ mini rep ss trans on ady you t e prol animal ose subti ia | g- | Fer e Solub inia.... @ si riculu orate...... 10@ 00; H mulu adig 1.) 13@ % RICE nephron eine REVEL PA a peric y ser e r y, the t d, both no doul to defir : ling sto arati isacti vant o| thos yably e slicakes ibtile Thus! © rocyani ae @3 15 | Li enug eam 1 lu@ 12 ydra aradisi........ 2 LIST ure hag eS EL P ynths riod ved Th e bett 1ext oubt define | wor stock on bef ion. < age of se I y ela loids > con S|} Solut j Saausel 50 ini reek ae TH@1 85 lraag ciioe Maio 25 1 ne, aged aged AY ue of (0 e us er xtern< the er. thless I sol pefor , and I 7 whi narke porat sor iple =f Sul hlori Sol. @ 80 Lini cei , po. eee @ 85 lor eae one 15 AY upon t ea dis now r ness se of 1 people’ ally 2 mor adv: So 4 yld y e ldi wi rich s ed sy ed, ¢ ptomai | phate ide. et ae oo @ 15 e ae Mite 7 ; ee “L KIN «ais ischa coll ss, billi : e’s hea and i ae vant and it tro out die. ant | PT someti syn , and gi 1aines, | phate, com’l.....- 5p | wot grd, (bbl. 4 ae ae 40 sisten NDS sabili irge ectab bel billio emons i s hea inter- | ‘ age of it tr o-day a a preser etimes” yptoms give ri es ml. LS P belia.. (bbl. 4)... 4 a 8 ‘s Ox r. @ § ee tly S OF ity iz oleoel le neficic ushess sis g alth wi Cr | ‘Oh OL ye ; oubles ay was nat ke arved mes oee aS Of rise 4 ae 1% 15 harl seess : ) @ 4% és An Rubr tee @ 90 a ixtee prosecute CLAI y incurred signa- eure ial in f ss and j good for vill be. | didn’ | BO: ls ou.” s me as reallv eepin on ice eur fr pois to! ee L@ 2 Rap a Geese Lae. 72 Hivd U moni um D 80 1 harge en years ited, AIMS dili in yar ever Jat 1 LOT Ses ete nt pz asens > that y | fav g fish ¢ : O om bison | Arni F @ Si a. eee oe 4% ydrar Jngu ati. @1 9 So the § are ee ect ilige ser- hea warts, « sane indice easick- | easi pay ISE 5 It avor sh dry n eat ng rnica LORA < jnapis. Al an. 35@ 2| Icht gyrt entum. 00 ao. Ti law mod perie ntly d by s, and Lea ce, a ck- | asily sell you ; that i ook | ¢ putr y an the ing fis] | Anth oe . apis, Albu. .. 3K%@ I thyob im. um. @1 i onia j ADVI i nee, and hai y rubbi to is and mos aS sell it. 1 mu is ases efacti ad e other sh |X co : Ae. o@ 4% ndig aia Nan, 45@ 10 St RE ICE F and i My f per- air ybing i destr good 10st -N is tc ich f all ri cee of : ‘tion ool ¢@ er h | Matri ee LT a. 6@ % | Iodi O.. aa. @ 5d .. Gr SEFERI FR ay als ee ee a als dens, th: » some or i rigl syn poisoni | an i and, | eral sees 14@ a 2 " BO. oa eons @ and on REN 2EE ar ace and Th / g it int ¥ Se / so t it bs nat wi mel it ght. upto onir And inn — 16 Lo 8@ Tod , Res if as 80 d Ravi appli NCES and i lerdal he e Di to tk curt oO yack will body and I| pas ms ng may altk oO way | outa 30@ 35 F i ad 91 L ofor aa 25@1 50 upids lication Sin CHEE nee wi met} ieteti 1e TO on tl can’ and not do. else.”? i ss ott are ay h 10ugt ay | Ba ? sag. eed _ SPIRIT @ 12 upuli Resubl........ "51 ( ls. on. aueee sERFU th method of tic Refi ots of ei t res pay y do 7 an| US tf Sc mucl appe 1 here | rosm) OLIA 35 menti, W us. hance sees Las D1 00 F y Cot LLY ina G of prol Forme fie st until you i= sually poner 1 less a, sre | Cassi a. 7 LW. DCO a 15@3 85 [on inty i G ser J . or Sk e} O nti back Val as y confi Ts : 8S yet sia t soc. “ D. F. I Co. Macis Doses eres @3 85 ‘ ° y in Mi IVEN that song if pig Saye <4 | ees well 2 have oe ta take vomiting and = ee eel be: | sia, Acutifol, ‘Tin 10@ 12 Juniperi ae ad omer oa ae ee sel = ee apoctal er A Michigan and ine life ork, wl is a & new! se I will gi you f ade thi ney ish id diz a passi ects 1d |S te ae cee i fe i ee THR ( ra Nein Se ie 55@ Old xami , At 2 y Tr ann Ww : Very giv you f aS Yi 7 I di pres arrl assil s bei j Salvia 7 25 Sa ce Oo. T _.1 102 0 | Lic rg I sen sete 60 Ho ner U Wal increa : will be lere W oune < ery well vey eel that right.’ iarrhe serve hora ng at ing |_® offici atx 1a 2818 acha a oe 50 iquo od et H 80@ aN BB torne aldeck : sing 2 react ve ar ced |, igna y well, < you it t at w 1t.”? | O 1ea I ed on i . while i ttack Siu nd %s inalis lx. 35@ 28 Spt. as eo 1 75@1 73 Ma S Peau ae y- 85 ie ais Ta y. 120 ek. 16 1 — use 1ed by e tol | i check , and yack.”? way yther s nay b a ice. t e m 6 of | Tra U aS --- , es 50 Vini ini Ga _£ |..1 B@: wD gnesi ee uildi of P > 20 years is said, of | vy the ai. k I wi whil Al y, of|f -r sympto ye less m he v ne cas geese ca aa 5@3 50 ie ae ‘ ing ensio’ to thi ars becé id. attai emons abies | ee anwhi will ile I oun ptoms ss mark omiti ee ga 1 ini Oporto .......-. ee aol Me ete iiph (bbl oo a Gana aa ae neta ee ag crete a ee | —— hile, |. ee able t ol — — —— eek a | Acacia, 1 vet 8a = BOTA «ooo B@6 Morphia Sie 28 2 eee Ng »te to iis havi ne 3 1e visi - ean ne » £0 al . 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W yeeri ot ances a. | t of Vas > Whe ing for ,000 F 1894 ns , | Buph eens . 15 us Reef use iper lrarg, ( cae @ H ers fro . whe a necess es, f tk bed out of he : and the | roubl 94, wil , the G Ore oes 30@ 55 e-- _ £Or woes 65| Pi Nig » (po. sees @1 00 and m mi n it mus exce assary to ee and f the mor cure of fi pest e es (si ill award ralbanu oe 3! = slate 65 | pie E Alea wap - 80). G Jobb many 1ineral must | opt for y to us arc ym in; gleef hous ,ent bi f fist essay say, T° ard Gamb gg al ame — | ernrs 75,| Pix B ba, ( 0, 22)... @ 7 a y al me t be ¢ yr deli se Use gees ully se I is nl 1 poisoni up¢ , roughly Guai aa 5@ Aceaci - Pl urge po ¢5).... 50 of It ca ther we atter. absolt aes = cae ts dane 1e leape ish poisoning. on the ghly, | — a ae J | SYRUPS, 1 40 — = - oe oe a e teri i also | vays will Its apy = fr da have s¢ os of that = oo dj} In Profit ae nature Masti as --+ 80@ os a ae a ae 2 rials to ye US 1 applicati a ee 2 seen it. yf Car wou ind a : s i , | Mastic ag” eg | aeons yreth Cet aaa a and to prev ised wi 10 doul ation i val when 1} == Carme —_ profits legitit in Business. | Myrrh aera gate ea cea": ae : the ree eam —_ Higa eae follow. | 2! ue of the st a er paren cout ee —— ey cae | Shel re aa Aurantl eee veterans reas 20 pyretir Go., doz. 1 10g1 2 drie a ig cal phe pel aching Ww. | = nself ig stock 2d of stome uld i. oe small ; very-dé : | Hell ee @1 00 2hei i Gort ites) ) Juassi m, .. 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Wi y-aay 1 | ‘“c ae. co 40 Simi Arom su 60 Qui siae : py @ e > ut ather i be p ing a- yxy abr lis s eta yhori rise il xt{ eas of y detai 4 re me yusiness | mp eahied oo 3 60@3 65 ilax teeB. eee eee 50 see SW 1 25 m = It — goods _ a“ penton. : for his stupidity ——_ me the —o “ay ag daily . of Poteet sug magni iN & i Mase 50 Rubia ‘S. = Se 35 40 1ca ls aoe Se ‘ ains’’ . so acts : eCOn . mn Wi 1nD | ker eomscience” — ce ar mak 2 putin taste ye canoe 23 30 Scil a. lies Sait hing sh i Pon 0 _ aie | in g¢ sas ap 1ing sti vindows sclenc ng tak not and, ¢ e m a £ em Absi Ino ... 30@ a aR Sain G0 | Sala aru ae | 2@ 47 and j 00s aprev g stl ws eu? ak rushi , cons oney j here i a- sinthi une @ 7 I salaci m um. . 7 th g time. ods ee i ff or b re i as Proper en| sev ushing cons eque ey in st pre IS I Eupato ium ... e package 151) Tol cgi ns 50 Sau — oo 2 45 a e followi A mix ich are ve of ‘s rit- | j used to Care f in ere, but into it ntly, e ich a bu 10 Lobelia... ie ges. a cevieeeeeentiee 50 ate see ee pv.. é 14 U . a Ib.5 a. 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Sonec cose ee <0 ees : — — a a | extravag eee se make ea soap » pruning = ae | aa a = Arica: a weseeee = nuff, ae = = gents f BS P 1 sinnat e past sway yer | lis 1 agant W , but i ele >| carria s to busi nders yf exper erv-| Ca cined coe ey 25 aes | eee A EN iS o¢s scaboy, De 18 or t ’ : oe ngTE st six aymas 0, 188 | is better vay ‘tit i eath = ge siness ai Soa 2xpens Cart ,P SIA. ‘At 2 gee cee erences 50 | Snuff, Scotel y, D @ he in hi yar (qui six I as. ¥ 188¢ i er of is er with , and SS a he ises, | © hona et. "geese HS , Se el e 30 Oo is licksi mon repor g, | sh to | dressi the ‘ith reas lea t10 0’ ii chaat Garb oe Be = ee 60 soda B a. ele , 150 eons silver ths a rts the i oes ir rave t ssing t most his ‘ ason e ves agai o’ cle srchant | Ca. nate. at . Bae. nzoin wigangn 50 Sadi Oras , De. me @ brat 1 : ahaa: lar di ore) w a deposi 1at | Ww 1 good hree g the fe : s neigl expec again ¢ ock, i = Es a... 20G iS ie eliadonna.......... 2y | Sod pop cata oes ed Pi j distri es fre distri was di sit | wear t d we pe or f eet other ibor. it to | at , in his! te, Jenni 1@ 2 cee Go soda Ci otass rl @ Pi strict. | rom G ict (S dise of | sj hes parab] four - it er respect wh ye as 4, ci 1S | nnings.. 20@ 25 —— oo . 7 aoe Jarb Tart... 1@ onee. and 2 ih Guay (Sonor covered | sion same pai e condi pai hous spects 0. spi as suces annot | A 2.) So 25 arosm so a a oar Roda’ no ge 12 r Pr oo are £ e de aymas : 72a), : d _ Ab > pair iditi rs of ls se at 8 07 s, W 5 larly eessf | Absinthi OLEU 35@ 36 Canth BATH. Lote ee ieee: g a, AS on ® 33 e ' yieldi re posits s, in th about | © le two on. N ast 8 o’cl alks ly si el as thium M. C aoe 59 | 20d oe 2@ ° E Ww pared ‘Iding 3 porte s are the U mG | eh pai 2ast ) days i - NEV empl ock : Ww situated i ' ygda aoe apsic sss 50 Spts ’ Sulphas.. 2h 7 © ar Pain per ¢ x 30 d to bei 2 Ure : pair wi once vs ir er does ploye , and n to hi edi ‘Amyd. to ake Card aries... ses pts. Et Ee 4@ 4, E e Sol 2ent per e¢ be ex ng W es | lin witk a n sue ee hes goes nd remai his a eae areal) alc. _..5 00@5 5 a. 50 og a 5 eP of spies has ent extens' vork i a 8B 22a | mor 1eces times save s at ni mains war nisi , Am: se a) ‘ B eoseae ett eeseseess 50 a Mate Co a 7A 5 aaa ts. quicksi as bee . Whi ensiv red | w y givi yrust ath - esal thes nigl is unti e-| Auranti C arae 45@ 7 Ca: ereeeereeeres 75 bie — @ 2 prieto owne silver on fot ile as hi e—one | work iving sh di go ov ally s arge Ss salary of i WN il the | 8 anti Cortex. - 9 3967 50 |G ee al yreia oe 2 M rs of ars of or hav mea. || s high aan and g eac pped i er y sees ge sala y of ¢ Not e€ ergamii eee al 1 7 50 wEnCH UL. | Ce ” 2 Vini Imp cas @ so H are s of the fi ave | _ iv ghas 5 | has ti two ch S in v full s that ry, % one mé only Caji a 90@2 Ci ea ook 7 05) ig ROGET @2 G > dev 1€ five een venty 50 | s tim days pair vase duty ail hi oo, | nan, s yic gamit o-oo sors oo tech ees esses, °° ae) one oe = bk. @ 00 N obje elopi e clai extr y flasks | etor ys of r one se-| firm y thre his » but! , some varyo aes beeeees 2 2 50 ans 1 St ee bl. 2 50 ct of mg alms acted. 17 , | out t egain i rest 2 day has ough s em 1e p ,. | Ced phyili .....5- 80@3 Co Gg 00| sych ¢ gal., cash A the fi of pr 5 their sor mi a. i | he i in its BSG, tk y of busi s attai rhout th ploy person- | Ch See ae a @3 00'C lumb o.. oO Sul) nia Cry cash ter A he first ci ovil gro ines loc xe | Thes wrink s elastici 1e le spenegicpet ined e d yes d¢ ho Sena ATE @1 00 nae gE -: phur, S$ ryst ten d R Sor t cil ig their unds ocated | ese nkles icity ath str ss to suffici day » thei Cin podii 1.11... @1 5 aa. wees ee 50 phur, Subl al.. ays 10ra inabar 1e1r s wi ed | > wri s tl y an cr uggles i be i aek” % Af :. | cas ees 354 50 eee ate So a . R : loc value ith the| leath nkles ie ff dstr adawt. es i > ind nt After ‘itror a @ 65 ree _ mari aa ,, a We h. M atec ue. a. he} er w s bee oot ae eteh opt eas n ge eper wealt a Coui 1ella . *: a 65 E gitalis cee ee teenies 50 rereb nds. ac 2u@ av ED oo d and Pac ore a ae aang ae made. 6m decid ‘= semnian me . and 6° She orga ae : 2m a Ergot. .-.. - coeteeereeenee 50 Theobrom ee 240 3% Ww e in stock and Y. Quini The a ed in| for fi aseli » shoe is aks iL . | Houses 1 clos ; livin may rade | Opalba vanes sce soos ae 75 ae ee Cn i 50 zi nilla appease 8@ his and off inine Dru a fine | ne is is conti » the | Ss, wi sely th g,b perh Exech Celene a 35@ 65 Guai Gg 50) Mie Sapa oo 28@ 30 kzie or a fi agai e was g Ma ae | this eather s bett ntin will gra¢ ho we e youn ut the aps Erig Be voces ences . 9@ o i oc 50 Cee 50@ Ss B ‘all li nad s low rket is Ww er. er t eee dual ork ounger ey | = Sea 16 ne B nee agg ee 9 0@ 55 9 y ine va er las : ay wi A pai hai ol as I ly abs whil randn iad | arene @16 CoH iT a 16 an of repo need ast | wor y will] pair 1 any ness iuch sci sorb e th dnew G STON nos cence ees 0G 50 |} gibe voosees cet eeee 60 | WV OG == ai rt. G to tI week | OTN ¢ ast of sh ay oi ess as scie thei eyr wer yerani ae 1: KB1 Ol Iyose vs MOM... 25 eose. z hal s. ™@® 8 e : ef h : | ons twice shoes il as any ence i Cr y rest G nium an 2G ) eee 50| L e, wi Ss is eee opium _ price of ue 7 tantly. ice as axial worn | and aioe of cet a searsee a —, — s one 30 Jodine..-- a sea 60 _ extras _ Bbl. G Gin 2 9 adv ged s st ur 1 oe g as nts s ear erci ere | SUE ME: ae @ 7 Ferri es 59 | Linsee RUT = ; anced oe eady ast Nutri —-<- when is shoald be eon aa eek | i iperi aS ‘erri C pegeeetrees tote ar NO. Foose .. 4 “Ar s S : 1 1Si- wave bees @ %% Kir hlori Src winds | pure raw. 55 ‘ moss i and is li alsam Morphi Prof ee be el professi oe 1 15@1 3 vi Coton 75 | N ee Mees —“2 & W es sis is lik copai phia | . Fres alu A An E ose s »SSions | a e i — 25 | eee ae a Neat’s , boil ee fod 50 e 5 Ca extr elyt paiba that senius e of eorres ye t stude et Menth ee ee ae D2 ( My cgeeme mae 75 | _ Strai Foo ed 58 9 ar R stor oi emely 0 go hi ha an s, of an E a espo o Busi eats. | IS oogeeeteeen 90@: 0 —- crest teeta 35,| Spi rained t, winte 61 61 e § ums. oil y hi 1igh as' m eg ’ Wies z run nde usi ae enth oe 1 D2 00 | ¢ oo S Spirits ed .. inte ee O Chl il has igh er ce ent gz co iesb 8. thr ont w ness | Mo Avent 50@ Opii Deane gcteeseceeees 50 rare iets Tr 64 e 8 orat adv and . Irish ; as ntair aden T ough V i Ss ius ergy ad => Be Voi | R rpentine.... H A e pot vane very s s ries a po ns as ic decl he Ver asre | 4 yrei onal a2 @2 40 ae isa ee : Red V ine 50 2 gent ash i ed %% y sear es, a und sm ares | Of nativ srmMo cently | Oli pee ra 2 50@: Bei 59 | Oc ene “PAINTS. 53 69 nd 3 j is hi AC ce , & pounc and uch : thei ves nt wri y ta | Pi ve. | Whiti a Tos... T0@75 e Whi avori i b e rai e nei wh sas + glii. , oun ae 7 00 Valeria POM oe eee 50 | W. itin Fee a WGI Ww. 1S te een — e neighbor's “hapened | hyme Pests os CO... $ 60 weratenm Ve eee 60 Whiting white Spa ts 6xar © sell L y- and h ery t og ened: | Th wea encceeesees 65 Teride.... 60| ¥ ite, Pa rilders’ oe 7% We zi i a ti hat th killed: | Theobro - G1 50 oo 50 hitin = ha @0 t e giv quor; itten e do | a “|= EEG 50 ae Nag a antee Sati e our s for — ay @ ther, S NEOU Visaees Pie is En 1 atisf Pe Medici a carp. 707 "le 30 ee . Pioneer Prepare ' @ Al acti Tso ici ogs Bichromato SsIUM 20 Al pts Nit, 3 uid Vi epared Pain : lo i0 nal na : Bichromate . cieseess - umen .... nAy. eS shells Prepared 20g 4 — : ae ‘Sh "Attention to oses LS 5@ 2) ground, 80 8) cos reat 4 m 4 r t oO ay Be 18 | Annatto. und eee. 28 mae YAmiame i i ne O : n co HB He) Ratoni po | No, 1 Turp Coach... 1 001 20 a cae oe Mail Ord imoni, Se 30 Extra Tur agi trial voi ers an PO 550 60 Seek poly oT 1 10@1 order iced t d a ae voiced the same d Guar- 60 Japan ‘urk D aioe 00 e — oo Sd Goel y we veseee » No. 1 55@1 60 re= eovces ee i ‘ 6% The Michigan Tradesman EVERY INCH A MAN. She sat on the porch in the sunshine As I went down the street— A woman whose hair was silver, But whose face was a blossom sweet, Making me think of a garden, When, in spite of the frost and snow Of bleak November weather, Late, fragrant lilies blow. i heard a footstep behind me, And the sound of a merry laugh, And I knew the heart it came from Would be like a comforting staff In the time and the hour of trouble, Hopeful and brave and strong— One of the hearts to lean on, When we think all things go wrong. I turned at the click of the gate latch, And met his manly look: A face like this gives me pleasure, Like the page of a pleasant book. It told of a steadfast purpose, Of a brave and daring will, A face with a promise in it i That God grant the years fulfill. He went up the pathway singing, I saw the woman's eyes Grow bright with a wordless welcome, As sunshine warms the skies. a “Back again, sweetheart mother, He cried and ben: to kiss The loving face that was lifted For what some moihers miss. That boy will do to d- pend on: T hold that this is true— ¥rom lads in love with their mothers Our bravest heroes grew. ? Earth’s grandest hearts have been loving hearts Since time and earth began: And the boy who kisses his moth r Is every inch a man. —< - <> How Wooley Met His Match. I started out from the hotel at Kal- amazooa few weeks ago in company with Wooley. He had eaten a pretty hearty dinner, and, as soon as we were clear of the town, he observed : “You never saw me fight, of course, but I will soon give you an exhibition of what I cando. I feelin the mood to-day, and I’m going to lick the first man I can pick a fuss with.” “T wouldn’t get into any trouble,’’ I suggested. “Oh. there won’t be any trouble about it. Ill bring it around so as to have the other man begin it, and then I'll polish him off and drive on.”’ About two miles out we meta young farmer driving into town with a wagon- box full of corn. He gave more than half the road, but Wooley pulled up, gave me a nudge, and exclaimed: “Young man, do you want to run over ms ?”’ “NO, Sir.77 “You act as if you did. It is evident that you think yourself very smart, but you’ll meet a man some day who'll teach you a lesson.”’ “How 27’ ‘By giving you a licking.” **Perhaps you want to try it ?”’ “What! Don’t you talk that way to me!’ shouted Wooley, as he nudged me to signify that the leaven was working. “If you do, just come down here,’’ con- tinued the young man, as he climbed over the wheel. “