YEAR CESS to DS ha.) ee ICES (oa Re Sa: aes yes NATE TLIC ARAVA FY SA CE NE BSS eR AW: Ge DW oi AWE OGY = : UES Fr € 477A 7, Ss i Rae aN NC Aye aes N aN (x \y a Y q yj LE : Rd AS | iS TO HIG (q (; a NY BN CAR) Le} WN aad) WN y) A J ZY S 2 x KS} ic q é ee cn FON rer bs yg NS Lp ASN m uo] ae , Sb Rit 7 \} = i aaa : LAG a NN Cre A 2 bo} , , } , P } , , } } , , , j } ee apes ecto gah are a bi iiscat Forty-seventh Year Number 2412 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN E. A. Stowe, Editor PUBLISHED WEEKLY by Tradesman Company, from its office the Barnhart Building, Grand Rapids. UNLIKE ANY OTHER PAPER. Frank, free and fearless for the good that we can do. Each issue com- plete in itself. DEVOTED TO the best interests of business men, SUBSCRIPTION RATES are as follows: $3 per year, if paid strictly in advance. $4 per year if not paid in advance. Canadian subscription, $4.04 per year, payable invariably in advance. Sample copies 10 cents tach. Extra copies of current issues, 10 cents; issues a nonth or more old, 15 cents; issues a year or more id, 25 cents; issues five years or more old 50 ce..ts. Entered September 23, 1883, at the Postoffice of Cra~d Rapids as second class matter under Act of March 3, 1879. JAMES M. GOLDING Detroit Representative 409 Jefferson, E. VALE, MORTON HOTEL Replaced With Office Building. Negotiations are being con- ducted daily and have been for the past two weeks looking to an exchange of properties by Joseph Brewer, practical owner of the Pantlind Hotel, and the Old Kent Bank. The interests of the Bank are being handled by A. W. Hompe. The plan proposed in- volves the transfer of the Old National corner in the Pantlind Hotel to Mr. Brewer, who will, in turn, transfer his interest in the Morton Hotel to the Old Kent Bank. If the transaction is consum- mated along the lines proposed— and the present stage of the nego- tiations indicate an early agree- ment on the points at issue—the Morton Hotel will cease to func- tion as a hotel and be converted into a businss block for offices for business and’ professional tenants. The present location of the Old Kent Bank will be utilized for the savings department of the Bank, from which a broad marble or granite stairway will lead up to the commercial department, which will be installed on the sec- ond floor. The book-keeping de- partment will probably be located on the third floor. This arrange- ment will enable Mr. Idema to curround himse!f with his asso- ciates in the Kent Bank, who are now located three blocks away in the Old National corner in the Pantlind Hotel. This consolida- tion of executive and working forces will be in the interest of economy, efficiency and prompt- ness in handling important ques- tions which come up for discus- sion and action. The Chicago architects who originally designed the building have had their engineers here for To Be several weeks, working out plans by which the changes desired can be accomplished. If the plans are accepted, work on the changes wi'l begin at once. The Old Kent is fortunate in having on its staff a man like Mr. Hompe, who can not only con- duct the negotiations connected with the transfer, but also super- vise the varied and_ extensive changes which will have to be made in the interior of the build- ing to adapt it to office purposes. Before coming to Grand Rapids to take up the profession of fur- niture designing, Mr. Hompe was an architect in Chicago, where he had a varied and valuable experi- ence in the planning of several large office buildings. There is only one essential feature which is usually present in bank buildings erected for the purpose of housing banks of large capital and commanding influence which will be lacking in the re- built and rejevenated structure— an ornamental exterior. The architects who planned the build- ing were very outspoken on this subject when the building was being planned They insisted that a structure in so important a loca- tion—certainly one of the best corners in the city—should be de- signed and constructed in such a manner as to be in keeping with the Grand Rapids Savings Bank building, but the powers that be were so imbued with ultra eco- nomic ideas along hard and some- what narrow lines that all the pleadings of the architects were in vain, with the result that the building looks like anything but the home of the. largest and strongest bank in Western Mich- igan. It is not in keeping with the progressive spirit of the city and the enterprise of our people. With the closing of the Morton Hotel it is not unlikely that Joseph Brewer may resume nego- tiations for the Rowe _ Hotel, which he started out to acquire about a year ago. The stockhold- ers were made aware of his ambi- tion at that time and quietly and quickly pooled their stock hold- ings with the Michigan Trust Co., so that if a possible change of ownership should take place all of the stockholders would be given an opportunity to dispose of their holding on identically the same basis. As the outstanding securities of the Rowe Hotel rep- resent less than half the actual appraised value of the property, the purchase of the stock at two or three times its face value will afford the person who acquires it a handsome profit on his invest- ment. The Rowe Hotel has been a persistent money maker ever since it was’ taken over by Russell Boyle, who has given it most care- ful supervision and placed it on the high road to prosperity. With the addition of 200 more rooms and the handsome furniture which could be added from the Morton Hotel, the Rowe would undoubt- edly be more popular than ever —which is certainly saying a good deal. The announcement that the Morton Hotel is to pass out of existence will cause a pang of regret to many old residents who hoped to see the name Morton perpetuated in this community in- definitely. While it is true that the new Morton had little in common with the hotel conducted over forty years by A. V. and J. Boyd Pantlind, yet even the name recalled pleasant memories which will soon be erased by the change the building will undergo and the death of the older people who partook of the good cheer of the famous old hostelry which gave Grand Rapids a National reputation for over half a cen- tury. be Secretary Hanson Addresses Ben- ton Harbor Grocers. On Thursday, Dec. 5, the re- tail grocers of Benton Harbor were the guests of the Kalamazoo Bread Co., a unit of the Muller Bakeries, Incorporated, with head- quarters in Grand Rapids, at the Vincent Hotel, Benton Harbor, at which fifty were in attendance. David Chindb!om, President of the Muller Bakeries, Isaac Dou- ma, Sales Manager, and E. L. Schafer, Manager of the Kalama- zoo Unit, were the hosts and the writer was invited to accompany them and take part in the occa- sion. Mr. Chindblom addressed the grocers and talked on the value of association from a social, edu- cational and business standpoint and the untold advantages and accomplishments made possible. The writer was privileged to talk on the activities of retail gro- cers and meat dealers organiza- tions throughout the State and Nation and’ tendered his services at any time the Benton Harbor retailers decided to join in organ- ized activities. The writer also told of the elaborate plans being arranged for the next State convention, to be held at Saginaw April 21, 22 and 23, which every retail grocer and meat dealer is not only invited but urged to attend. Monday evening Dec. 10, the executive board of the Grand Rapids local held a dinner meet- ing at the Hong Ying Lo Cafe, at which eighteen were in attend- ance. Matt Heyns, a director of the Grand Rapids local, related brief- ly the interesting features of his visit to the Netherlands. He drove his car to New York and shipped same to Holland and returned by the same method. Mr. Heyns descriptions of the grocery store and meat markets throughout the Netherlands was extremely inter- esting, bringing out the fact that the grocery stores had the appear- ance of our drug stores where many American Nationally ad- vertised products were on sale, not at the prices we are accustom- ed to see advertised, but at a margin of profit equal to twice the selling prices in our stores. The directors voted unanimous- ly in favor of holding a banquet in the month of January and au- thorized the Secretary to attend the secretaries convention to be held in Chicago Jan. 23 and 24. Herman Hanson, Sec’y. Se eee Chestnut Tree Nearly Extinct. Will the American chestnut tree be only a name to the grandchildren of this generation? Experts believe so. Chestnuts, so long abundant in the mountains of Eastern Tennessee and Western North Carolina, are scarce this season. Once so plentiful and cheap, they have greatly increased in price. In a few years, experts say, there will be no American chestnuts, as the blight that fastened its deadly poison on it cannot be checked and the species is doomed. In view of the situation, experiments with foreign chestnuts are now being made. While closely related to the American trees, the foreign species are different and their fruit is different. Sa For That Ice Box. The following is a recipe used by many grocers throughout the State and found to be most practical. Therefore we recommend it to you to keep your ice boxes sanitary and free from taint condition: “Use cold water containing 2 table- spoons of borax to the quart. Use a stiff brush. After washing, flush out with another strong borax solution and wipe the walls of all compartments with a cloth wrung out in cold borax water. Finally sprinkle several spoon- fuls of dry borax over the floor and racks. A weekly borax cleansing will keep your refrigerator ‘sanitary and free from all taint.” 2 IN THE REALM OF RASCALITY. Questionable Schemes Which Are Under Suspicion. Homer, Dec. 3—We think we have material for a write-up under the head of Realm of Rascality. You have been informed of our trouble with the Miles Bixler Co., of Cleveland, Ohio. The case has been pending since March 1. We received several threatening let- ters from them, also from three differ- ent lawyers. Oct. 25 they sued us. I was so nervous over the affair I could not sleep. Mr. Reynolds thought the best way was to settle with them. He wrote and offered them $100, but they would not accept the rest of the junk. After doing this he went to the prose- cutor of Calhoun county for advice in case of a law suit. He told him he had offered them $100. The prosecutor said he had just had a case with those people for Mr. Kline, of Albion, a druggist. He told Mr. Reynolds not to appear. He would take care of it for him; to go home and forget it. There was nothing to it. “Pay them nothing.” He said he would get us out of it without a suit. Later he wrote for us to come to see him. He asked which we had rather do—pay the $100 or have a suit. He said he knew what they were and what the jewelry was. We decided if the offi- cers and laws of Michigan defended such people, we wouldn’t stand much of a chance in court in Calhoun county. We paid their lawyer. They got our hard-earned money and we got the experience. If people of that kind can be protected, [ don’t think it pays to be honest. Mrs. W. H. Reynolds. To this letter the architect of this department replied as follows: Grand Rapids, Dec. 4—I congratu- late you on getting out of the Bixler trap so cheaply and so easily. I don’t happen to share your view- point on the junk jewelry crooks. You didn’t have to do business with them. If you had looked carefully at the junk they sell you would never have bought it. There was no excuse for your signing an order or notes for such trash. As a free agent, you should have kicked the man who of- fered you the stuff out of your store and into the next county—preferably into the nearest lake where the water is deep. I do not think you should blame the law for its shortcomings when you deliberately violated every rule of good business by entering into business relations with a stranger in an absolutely unbusinesslike way. I am sorry to write you in this man- ner and what I say may not meet your approval. It may make you mad, but later on, when you come to review the situation from both sides, you will, I am sure, reach the conclusion that no law can be made which will recom- pense a person for voluntarily doing a foolish act and deliberately walking into the arms of such vile crooks as the junk jewelry fakirs of Cleveland and Detroit. E. A. Stowe. A violator of the Federal produce act, which requires commission mer- chants to furnish full information on the reconsignment of produce from one market to another, has been sen- tenced to pay a fine of $500 in one case, and another violator to pay $100 and serve thirty days in jail in a second case. A firm of commission merchants at Richmond, Va., in a criminal prose- cution in the Federal District Court at Richmond, was charged with violating the act by failing to render “a true and correct accounting to consignors as to the prices received for produce, the charges incurred and the net proceeds MICHIGAN of the sales, knowingly and with in- tent to defraud.” The court imposed a fine of $250 for each of two instanc- es of violation. The transaction in- volved two consignments of water- melons which the receivers reconsigned to other markets where they were handled on consignment for the Rich- mond firm. In making returns to the original consignors the Richmond dealers failed to show the true gross receipts, failed to show the additional freight incurred beyond Richmond, and failed to show the additional commis- sions which had been deducted. As a consequence, the original consignors bore the additional freight and addi- tional commissions without knowledge of such charges, and the net proceeds were correspondingly diminished. The Richmond firm had also required a re- bate of part of the commission charg- ed by the second dealer. The case where the receiver was fined $100 and given thirty days’ imprisonment was that of a dealer in North Carolina who received two cars of citrus fruit from shippers in Florida. A partial account- ing was made for one car but no ac- counting and no payment was made on the second car. —_~++ >___ Items From the Cloverland of Michi- an. Sault Ste. Marie, Dec. 10—Last week we told you about the hunters who were snowbound in their camps and of the anxiety felt for their safety. This week we are pleased to note that the last camp has been evacuated and the group of eight hunters at Lyons camp, in the Betsey Lake district, treked into the village of Eckerman on Friday. It required nine days for relief parties to get them from the camp to the nearest railway point. The party reached Eckerman in good health and came through without mis- hap. It was nine days ago that three of the party, in desperation, started to walk from their camp toward the “wire” road which leads from Ecker- man to Whitefish Point. They waded waist deep in snow through a wilder- ness which virtually knows no trail. They were three days in negotiating the twenty-two miles. sleeping in the open only with the shelter of fallen trees to protect them. Reaching Dukes Camp at last, they made ar- rangements for a team and a tractor and snow shoes. They backtracked their way to camp and six miles from it they met their comrades who, fear- ing that they had become lost or had perished in the cold, had set out to trail them. The entire party went back to camp with the tractor, loaded the game on automobiles and headed their slow-going machine back to the Point where they had entered the bush virtually a month ago. Behind this party was another party of Lower Michigan hunters in four automobiles who picked the trail broken by the tractor and its trailing cars at Deer- haven Camp, where they had_ been marooned. This wanderlust must be great, especially to those who can get a kick out of this year’s experience. D. H. Moloney left last week for Detroit, where he will receive medical treatment before continuing his trip to Dade, Florida, which has been his win- ter home for many years. He is ac- companied by his wife. The D. Booth Produce Co. came near having a serious fire which start- ed in the furnace room during the cold weather last week. On account of the prompt action of our fire department, the damage was small. Mr. and Mrs, A, H. Eddy arrived at TRADESMAN Pasadena, Calif., Dec. 2, according to a report received by their friends here, making the trip in four days from El Paso. They will make their home on a farm, where Mr. Eddy will go into poultry raising as well as farming. Mr. Eddy was formerly one of our largest retail grocers here, having sold out his stock prior to the arrival of Mont- gomery Ward & Co.. which had the Eddy store remodeled. Dr. F. H. Husband, one of our well- known physicians, was elected presi- dent of the local physicians associa- tion, which took place at the Ojibway Hotel Friday, after a dinner given by the former president, Dr. Moloney. None of us ever get anything for nothing, but that doesn’t keep us from trying The many friends here of Dr. Karl Christofferson, who has beet care- taker of the State park at Munuscong for the past two and one-half years, were surprised to hear that his position will be filled by his successor, recently appointed. Dr. Christofferson is one of the best known naturalists in the United States. During his tenure of office he has succeeded in restoring the duck line of duck flight from Hudson Bay South by way of St. Mary’s River. Huge flocks of ducks went there this fall and the doctor was able to brand more than 500. He made the Bay worthy of its name again. Munuscong is Indian for “place of ducks.” The Chamber of Commerce had the merchants here put on the Christmas spirit last Thursday. The windows of the merchants were all decorated with Christmas gifts and veiled until 7 o'clock in the evening, when they were unveiled, awaiting the large crowds gathered about the streets. The band paraded along the line of decorated Christmas trees and colored _ lights which were a blaze of brightness and color in the spirit of Christmas. Holi- day shopping is starting earlier this vear, according to the merchants, and the clerks are kept busy. A large Christmas trade is looked for. The Northwestern Motorbus Co., of Bessemer, has opened service on its new bus line between Ironwood and Marquette, via U. S. 2 and M 28. The distance is 157 miles. Busses leave Marquette at 7 a. m. and arrive in Ironwood at 12:30, leaving Ironwood at 2 p. m. and arriving at Marquette at 7:30 p. m. The Northwestern Motor Bus Co. is now operating fifteen busses in the territory between Marquette, Iron Mountain. Tron River, Ontonag- on, Ironwood and Ashland. The Tradesman surely has reason to be proud of its forty-sixth annual publication and Mr. Stowe is to be congratulated on its continued suc- cess as one of the best business papers in the country, which has done more to help the merchant than any other publication. We wish him every suc- cess for the new year. The Copper Range Motor Bus Co. recently placed in service between copner country points a luxurious new bus which is the last word in modern conveniences. Air cushioned seats are provided throughout. The Peninsula Silver Fox & Fur Co. now has 100 pairs of registered silver foxes on its ranch at Amasa. Large colonies of beaver and muskrat are also maintained on the marsh division of the ranch. The Stella Cheese Co. opened its new Italian cheese factory on Nov. 10 at Mass, Ontonagon county, which is the first Italian cheese factorv in the Upper Peninsula. The new company will manufacture Parmesan, Asiago, Provaloni, Caciovallo, Ricotta and other types of Italian cheese. The factory will have a capacity of 30,000 pounds of milk per day. It is equip- ped with the latest machinery and December 11, 1929 every modern device for the making and curing of the special types of cheese produced. This speaks well for our Northern climate which is so well adapted to the manufacture of milk products. One of the indictments of civiliza- tion is that happiness and intelligence are so rarely found in the same per- son, William G. Tapert. ———_> 2+ Place the Blame Where It Belongs. Grandville. Dec. 10—After every war the United States has engaged in there comes a readjustment of values. After the civil war prices of products in every line were advanced. Nothing escaped, wages of course following suit although not to the extent they have risen since the world war. There was a _ readjustment when Congress resumed specie payment in the seventies. It was this that caused the advent of the Greenback party which flourished more or less as an adjunct to the Democratic party for several years. There is a limit to everything of an unstable nature such as the financial policy of this country during and im- mediately following the civil war. The world strife was of still greater mag- nitude and was naturally of wider in- fluence throughout the world. Times have been great throughout America until very recently when a new light has dawned in the .East Doing business wholly on credit is oft times fatal to prosperity and that is what the business world is at to-day in greater degree than ever before in its history. It has been said that credit is better than cash. This may some- times seem to be the fact although there have been more business failures because of limitless credit than from any other cause. To read the advertisements put forth by business houses to-day one would think money was no object to the merchants only so they made sales. Such an endless appeal for trade was never before known, and _ together with this the fact that customers are moneyless cuts no figure. A dollar down and a dollar a week makes everything lovely. How those merchants who thus advertise make both ends meet is a puzzle to the com- mon man. In ye olden time when mer- chants were few and far between the careless trusting of many led to serious losses. How can it be otherwise to- day? If we are to believe the merchants who so recklessly advertise to grant credit to everybody it is a joy to give credit without a thought of the stand- ing of the customer. Household furniture, men’s clothing, women’s wear, everything except gro- ceries is offered on any terms to please the customer. Millions of worthless deals must of course be made, so where does the merchant get his profit or even the first cost on the goods he sells? His profit must come from some- where, certainly not from the free and easy man or woman who buys large bills of goods for a dollar down and a dollar a week payments. If these customers thus given credit meet their bills even at such rates then the whole nature of human kind has changed since I was in business half a century ago. As the old man said with a wise wag of the head, “There is a screw loose somewhere.” And indeed so there is. How can a merchant do business on universal credit and keep going? Who pays his losses which inevitably occur? Somebody pays. Who is it? There can be but one solution. The honest man who pays cash is the vic- tim of this indiscriminate credit system which is running legitimate trade into the ground and such a system of mer- x STN Ep aR ae SHR i tn, A A nem, aalidtiees . im ave ARRAN: we December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN chandising is bound in time to end in disaster more or less universal. Were mercantile ethics what they were in other days there would be no call to fear a season of hard times as so many are predicting to-day. Every period of slack times has a cause, and may it not be the merchants them- selves who are leading the Nation to a crash that compared with other disasters will override them all? No doubt. this new method of at- tracting trade has its good features which, however, are not discernable to the ordinary man. Even if all these goods obtainable by Tom, Dick and Harry on credit. were paid for in time the method would still be repre- hensible. As it is it seems to the writer that a grave mistake has been made by thus saddling the debts of the non-payer on the shoulders of the cash customer. One critic may declare that I am not stating the matter fairly. I am ready to be corrected if I am wrong, but it is as simple as two and two make four that these merchants doing such a tre- mendous credit business could not long exist unless cash came to them from some source. Naturally there must be some loss, since even if the goods sold on time are sometimes re- turned, they are out of class with new goods, and of course must go on the market as second hand. Can it be doubted that this method of merchandising is the cause of the exorbitant prices that confrant the buyer of to-day? Is it fair, is it a square deal to compel the cash buyer to foot the bills of the careless chap who seldom pays a debt be it store or otherwise? There is little wonder that a cloud, perhaps no larger than a man’s hand looms across the sunlight of National prosperity. Men may rail at Wall Street and the bank speculators, but the real mischief is closer at home, and our city merchants are adding spokes to the wheel of threatened disaster. Many cases of bodily illness are kept in stew because of the imagination of the victim. May it not be so at times in our business relations? It is cer- tainly as dangerous to our business prosperity for merchants to give in- discriminate credit as it is for Wall street to go on a speculating spree. Old Timer. —___+> > Five Basic Factors in Human Person- ality. There are five basic factors in the makeup of a human being; and the kind of man or the kind of a woman that one is, is conditioned very de- cidedly by the degree of perfection found in each of them. In the first place, the human being comes into the world a biological or- ganism much like other animals, and the personality that will result depends upon heredity factors which determine a strong body or a weak one; oppor- tunities to do certain things in life or to be limited in one’s occupation, de- pending upon acuteness of sight and hearing, presence or absence of arms, legs, ete. In the second place, personality is determined by how well this organism is developed. It may be improperly fed and, as an undernourished, puny individual, be unable to accomplish certain work in the world. It may be afflicted with serious disease and so limited in its usefulness. The purpose of the schools is to develop a program of health that will stress the positive side rather than the negative. The third factor entering into a per- sonality is that of mental development. Those whose minds are well trained, whose habits of thinking are accurate, are quite different people from those whose thinking habits are slovenly. Certain aspects of the work of the world can be done only by those who think clearly. This is largely a matter of school training and the complete understanding of its importance will modify practices in the schools to-day. In the fourth place a human person- ality is in large part the result of the social environment in which he finds himself, for this determines his reli- gion, his language, his clothing, his recreation. In fact, all of his social contacts and the nature of these habits have a large part in the making up of his personality. But these four elements are also present in the personality of certain animals, especially dogs, horses, and many of the trained animals of the circus. To become really human as distinguished from animal, there must be an ethical basis to personality. This is achieved by the identification of self with great causes. An American, as distinguished from a citizen of another nation, is one who has identified himself with those prin- ciples upon which the Republic was founded. A Christian, as contrasted with a Buddhist, is one who firmly be- lieves principles upon which the Chris- tian religion is founded and has identi- fied himself with them. One must interpret the great men in history in much the same fashion. The martyrs of the Christian church are immortal because they put all princi- ples for which they stood ahead of biological existence. Washington was perfectly ready to sacrifice his own existence rather than see those principles of liberty perish. Lincoln identified himself with the economic principle that in the right to eat the bread which the sweat of their own brows earn all men are equal. William John Cooper, United States Commissioner of Edu- cation. —__- o> > > — As To Home Made Vinegar. Many farmers believe that home made cider vinegar cannot be lawfully sold. This belief prevails because of the requirements of the vinegar law which fixes a standard of 4 per cent. acetic acid content for all vinegars whether pure cider vinegar or the so- called distilled products, and which also requires labelling to show the name of the manufacturer. No re- quirements are in effect which would prevent the sale of home made cider vinegar, providing of course it is pure, meets the standard and is properly labelled. It is simply necessary that the vinegar be made in the ordinary manner from apple juice, and that it be free from added water, preservatives or substances injurious to health. The law does not require that samples be submitted to a chemist to be tested, although this is desirable whenever there is any doubt about the strength of the vinegar. The labelling is re- quired in order that the kind of vinegar may be known and to distinguish the different grades of distilled vinegar from pure cider vinegar. \\ CTE A \ \\\ \ No Worry About Bills With An Insurance Trust Protection of your loved ones is the reason you carry Insurance. Insure your Insurance — through a Trust By naming us in your policies as Trustees Agreement with this institution. the principal sum will be paid and managed according to your instruc- tions as given in the Trust Agreement. Your heirs will receive income through any plan you want to make. Investi- gate the many advantages of this modern method. There is no obliga- tion. The MICHIGAN TRUST Co. GRAND RAPIDS THE FIRST TRUST COMPANY IN MICHIGAN 4 MOVEMENTS OF MERCHANTS. Allegan—Harry C. Nelson will en- gage in the furniture business in the DeWright building. Grand Rapids—A meat market has been opened by L. Walczeski at 303 Indiana avenue, N. W. Muir—Strachan & Ulrich succeed G. I. Strachan & Son in the wholesale and retail lumber and fuel business. Port Huron—Walter F. Brumfield purchased the meat market of Schef- fler Brothers at 618 Huron avenue. Constantine—G. B. Hassenger has opened the City Market in the build- ing formerly occupied by J. T. Hub- bard. Marion—The Marion Co-Operative Creamery Co., has changed its name to the Farmers Co-Operative Cream- ery Co. North Branch — The Independent Grocers’ Alliance has taken over the Newbegin grocery and meat market from W. E. Newbegin. Chassel—The Hamar Land & Lum- ber Co., Ltd., has decreased its cap- ital stock from $400,000 preferred and 4.000 shares no par value to $40,000. Muskegon Heights — ‘“Brainard’s Food Shop” has been opened at 1039- 1041 Peck street, near Sherman boule- vard. It groceries, fruits and vegetables. lonia—The Powell 346 West Main corporated with an authorized capital stock of $25,000, $22,000 of which has been subscribed and paid in in cash. Detroit—Clicks, Inc., 1262 Griswold will sell meats, Co., been in- Hardware street. has street, has been incorporated to deal in general merchandise with an au- thorized capital stock of $15,000, of which amount $10,000 has been sub- scribed and paid in in cash. Detroit—The Detroit Orange Juice Co., 1599 West Warren has been incorporated to deal in fruits and fruit juices, with an authorized ital stock of $10,000, all of which has been subscribed and paid in. River Rouge — The Wilson-Rebel Dairy Co., 57 Stoner street, has been incorporated to deal in in‘lk and milk avenue, cap- products with an an auth-rized capital stock of 10,000 shares at $10 a share, $100,000 being subscribed and peid in. Detroit — The Chocolate Corporation, 11700 Harper avenue, has been incorporated to manufacture and deal in candy and confections with an authorized capital stock of $10,000, all and Leusch of which has been subscribed paid in. Detroit—The Service Electric Co., 950 Reed Place, dealer in electric mo- tors, electrical apparatus, etc., has merged its business into a stock com- pany under the same style with an au- thorized capital stock of $10,000, all of which has been subscribed and paid in in cash. Kalamazoo — The Bestervelt Pure Food Market, 325 South Burdick street, has taken over the Stuart gro- cery store at Oakland drive and White’s road and will continue the business under the management of T. J. Bestervelt. Dearborn — The Company, 12727 West Warren avenue, has been incor- porated to deal in furniture and house- hold appliances, with an authoroiozed MICHIGAN capital stock of $25,000, of amount $10,600 has been subscribed and $1,170 paid in in cash. which Frank Stabler, dealer in men’s furnishings, clothing, etc., has sold an interest in his stock to Carl W. Siegert and the business will be continued at the same location, 216 East Grand River avenue, under the style of Frank Stabler & Co. Detroit—The Motor City Paint & Varnish Works, Inc., 8606 12th street, has been incorporated to deal in paints and varnishes with an authorized cap- ital stock of $250,000 common and $50,000 preferred, $94,000 of which has been subscribed and paid in. Allegan—Harry O. Nelson, who has managed the Chaffee Bros. furniture store since its opening, will open a furniture store in the old post office block Jan. 1 when his employers close their store here. Mr. Nelson will be a welcome addition to Allegan’s busi- ness interests. Benton Harbor—The Rouse Medi- cine Co., 260 Territorial Road, has been incorporated to manufacture and sell medicine at wholesale and retail with an authorized capital stock of $25,000 and 250 shares at $10 a share, of which amount $7,509 has been sub- Lansing—C. scribed and paid in. Detroit—Chris Schmidt, butter, eggs, poultry, meats and other food stuffs into a stock company under the style of the Chris Schmidt Co. 1516 Adelaide street, with an autho-- ized capital stock of $50,000, $20,009 of which has been subscribed and paid in, $5,000 in cash and $15,000 in prop- eny. dealer in has merged the business Packing Deckerville — George B. Forres*er, father of M. M. suc- cessor in the general mercantile busi- ness, died suddenly at his home, Nov. 19, following an atatck of neura'tgia of Mr. business career at the age of 23 years, Forrester, his the heart. Forrester started his at St. Clair and in 1888 engaged in trade here, selling out to his son in 1924. Manufacturing Matters. Benton ~The Boiler Co. has increased its stock from $50,000 to $90,000. Muskegon—-The Muskegon Develop- ment Co. has increased its capital stock from $50,000 to $300,000. Jackson—The Crown Paper & Bag Co., 525 Liberty street, has increased its capital stock from $40,000 to $109,- 000. Coldwater — The Homer Furnace Co. will rebuild its plant which was re- cently destroyed by fire, entailing a loss of about $300,000. Grayling — The Harbor Combination -cap.tal W ood Products Co., has been incorporated with an authorized capital stock of $12,000, all of which has~ been scribed and paid in in cash. 3erkley—The Berkley Tool & Man- ufacturing Co. has been incorporated with an authorized capital stock of $50,000, $45,000 of which has been sub- scribed and $14,500 paid in in cash. Central Elevator Co. has merged its business into a_ stock company under the same style with an authorized capital stock of $25,000, Crawford sub- 3yron—The a TRADESMAN $-0000 of which has been subscribed and paid in in cash. Manistee—The Century Boat Co. has merged its business into a stock com- pany under the same style with an authorized capital stock of $100,000. $99,000 of which has been subscribed and paid in in property. Ionia—C. A. Ireland, who has con- ducted a hardware store at the same location for the past twenty-five years, has sold his stock t the Powell Hard- ware Co., which will continue the business at the same location. Detroit—The American Art Metal Works, Inc., 5032 23rd street, has been incorporated to manufacture and deal in dies, castings, metal auto- mobile hardware, etc., with an author- ized capital stock of $50,000, $30,010 of which has been subscribed and paid in. Palmyra — F. C. Ehinger & Co., manufacturer of wood products, has merged the business into a stock com- pany under the style of the Fred C. Ehinger Manufacturing Co., with an authorized capital stock of $50,000, $39,630 of which has been subscribed and $26,880 paid in in cash. ee How To Figure Turnover. Surprising as it may seem, there are still many vetail dealers in this coun- try who do not know what turnover and how to figure it. Let us merchant opens up a business with $5,000 invest- really is, suppose that a ed in stock. His sales for the first vear total $30,000. What is his turn- over? A great many dealers when asked this question will say at once, “He has a six-time turnover, because 5,000 goes into 30,000 six times.” But the answer given is not correct. It is figured on an absolutely wrong basis, because it is obtained by divid- ing the sales at retail by the amount of stock at cost price. Turnover cannot be accurately de- termined through dividing a merchant’s his inventory. Gross sales represent the amount he gets for when he sells it at On the other hand, his inventory shows what the goods cost gross sales by his merchandise retail prices. him. If you buy an article for $2 and sell it for $3, there has been but one turn- It would be absurd to say that such a‘transaction represented a turn- over of one and a half times. Yet the same conditions are involved when a merchant attempts to figure turnover over. through dividing his inventory into his _ gross sales. The premise is wrong, therefore the results are incorrect. In determining turnover, we must deal exclusively with prices at cost, or with prices at retail. The way to ob- tain the rate of turnover is compara- tively simple. Subtract the margin of profit (some- times called the gross profit) from the gross sales. Divide the result of this subtraction by the average inventory— the average amount of stock carried throughout the year. In the first case considered, the gross sales for the year are $30,000. If the dea'er’s margin is 30 per cent. of his sales, it amounts to $9,000, Subtracting December 11, 1929 the $9,000 from the $30,000, we have $21,000 as approximately the cost of the goods which were sold during the year for $30,000. Taking $5,000 in this case as the average cost of the stock, we divide $21,000 by $5,060, and find the turnover to be about four times instead of six times. However, the proper method is not everything. In the example above, $21,000 is approximate cost of the goods sold during the entire year, but the $5,000 is the cost of the stock at one time only. It is not the average cost, and in order to get the turnover figure as accurate as possible, the deal- er must know approximate the average cost of his stock during the year. This is generally obtained by taking the in- ventory of stocks, which usually rep- resents the stock at its lowest ebb for the year, and adding to it the amount representing the highest stock of the year, then dividing the result by two. While the average inventory thus obtained is not absolutely accurate, yet it is fairly so, and when used in the method described will give a fairly accurate rate of turnover. Every merchant should know what turnover is, and how to figure it. ——_ ++ ____ Late Mercantile Changes in Indiana. Bloomingdale—The United Market Co., 22 South Illinois avenue, Indian- apolis, will open a branch market here on South College avenue. Homer—Frank Willis tinued his meat business here. Indianapolis—Calcin Carter has op- ened a meat market at 1715 Southeast- ern avenue. Bary—The has. discon- American Packing Co. has opened a store at 1704 Broadway . on the South Side. Calumet—Joe Tittle & Sons have opened a meat market at Main street and Broadway. John Mittlesdorf is manager. Hope—Hord Evans & Son have pur- chased the local meat market belong- ing to J. Harvey Cook. Mr. Evans formerly owned a meat market in St. Paul, Ind. Summitville — Henry Kirkpatrick and Kenneth Cunningham will open a meat market here shortly. Evansville—Two units of the Swift & Co. duck farm on Morgan avenue have been completed. Hazelton—Maurice Cassidy has op- ened a meat market in the Horrall building. —_»++.>___ Using Taste As a Sales Booster. Building sales on little delicacies is simple for a Kalamazoo grocer. A glass cheese globe stands on the counter under which a plate of crack- ers and some jam are kept. Before leaving to fill the order the clerk offers the customer a cracker and some jam. On his return he asks the customer . how she liked the jam and tells her something about it. This procedure very frequently results in a sale. This idea is also used for cheese, tuna fish and similar items. — +++ A. shiftless, loafing farmer always works on Sundays and holidays, hop- ing thereby to. receive double credit for his effort, “OP Sera 2” December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 5 Essential Features of the Grocery been selling slowly but steadily, with Cranberries—Late Howe commands Young Toms -_----_----_-_---__-- 25c Staples. prices very low as compared with $4.50 for % bbl. and $8.50 for % bbl. Hen Turkeys ~__--___-_______- 1 25e Sugar—The market is the same as a. other nuts. In shelled nuts there is Cipcumbers--$2.95 per doz. for Il, Ducks ----2-.---.----._._._.. 16¢ week ago. Jobbers hold cane granu- no particular feature. New crop grown hot house. ese ee . He lated at 5.75 and beet granulated at 5.55. Tea—The market is having a very dull time, although the undertone on Ceylons and Indias became stronger during the past week. Considerable news was received from foreign mar- kets during the week as to firm condi- tions there on tea, especially on Cey- lons and Indias. Demand, however, in this country is poor, as it usually is at this season. Buyers are carrying very light stocks. No change occur- red in any line of tea in this country during the week. Coffee—The market has had both advances and declines since the last re- port. Net prices on Rio and Santos are about the same as last week. De- mand in this country is light. No- body has any confidence in the mar- ket and Brazil conditions are not good from the holders’ standpoint. Milds have declined slightly in sympathy since the last report. The jobbing market on roasted coffee has begun to feel the decline in green and some of the chain stores made genera? declines -during the week. Canned Vegetables — Southern to- matoes show a stronger tone, and prices have advanced 24%.@5c per doz. Buying picked up somewhat on the advance, though not a great deal of interest was shown by the local trade. Buyers are waiting for the turn of the year before purchasing in volume, hold- ing to the old policy of keeping stocks down until after inventory taking. Peas have been moving into consump- tion at a steady rate, and from all in- dications, jobbers and_ wholesalers stocks are low, and will require some replenishing after the turn of the year. Prices were firm and_ unchanged. String beans are quiet but steady. Canned Fish—Fish packs have ruled quiet. Crinook salmon is scarce, with fancy Columbia River halves held firm- ly at $2.75@2.90. Shrimp has not at- tracted much attention lately, but the market has been in firm shape, re- flecting a strong primary market. Salt Fish—There is little change to report in salt and pickled fish, Mack- erel has eased off slightly, due to the seasonal lull in demand, while the market on herring has firmed up, with price advances during the week amounting to about .10 per cent. over previous levels. In mackerel there are no No. 1 fat fish available, except for Canadian, which are quoted at $40 spot. Stocks of fat mackerel at the source are rather scarce, especially the large sizes. Beans and Peas—Market on dried beans still continues dull and weak. It is in every sense a buyer’s market. Dried peas are in an equally satisfac- tory condition. Imports of foreign beans are still very large. Nuts—A stronger and slightly high- er market on walnuts in the shell fea- tures this week’s market for unshelled nuts. Trading in most nuts in the shell is fair, picking up in the last few days as buyers begin to order for Christmas supplies. Brazil nuts have Bordeaux walnut meats have attracted the most attention. Shelled filberts have ruled steady, but unchanged. A report from Spain says that some business in unshelled has been done recently, with Great Britain, in par- ticular, but in general, the market is dull and prices rather unsettled. In addition to the confusion existing in consuming markets, as a result of non- execution of Levant contracts, the re- port says, it appears that early ship- ments to Hamburg, London and Trieste and other markets of Spanish filberts arrived in bad condition, due to the excessive moisture of the nuts. Buyers been dissatisfied, and many exporters have sustained serious losses and are wary of accepting fur- ther orders. have Rice—Trading in rice continues along generally quiet lines and in relatively moderate volume. Locally the undertone has improved with bet- ter demand for spot stocks of prac- tically all the grades within the list. Blue Rose is slightly firmer, but prices for other varieties remain unchanged. Syrup and Molasses—Production of sugar syrup is still under what it ought to be and prices are therefore firm, although the demand is just about fair. Compound syrup is off about 10c per 100 pounds since the last report. De- mand is good. Fine grocery grades of molasses are holding up well, with a fair trade. Sauerkraut — Whilesale dealers re- port a strong market on kraut. The cold weather of the past week has évi- dently had a beneficial effect on trade. The present outlook is for a steady and healthy market during the balance of the season, Vinegar—There is no special activ- ity, but holdings are not heavy, and there is no pressure to sell. Prices are quoted at the same levels as last week, ——_>-+___ Review of the Produce Market. Apples—Wealthy command $1.75@ 2; Wolf River, $1.50@1.75 (bakers, $2.25) Shiawasse, $2@2.25; Jonathans, $2.50@2.75; Snow, $1.75@2; Baldwin $1.50@1.75; Talman Sweet, $2.25; No. 1 Northern Spys, $2@2.50; No. 2 ditto, $1.50; Michigan Delicious, $3.50 for A grade and $3 for B. Bagas—$1 for 50 Ib. sack. Bananas—6@6%c per lb. Beets—$1.50 per bu. Brussels Sprouts—26c per qt. Butter—The market has been fairly firm during the past week, with a slight fractional decline. The offerings of fine fresh creamery are limited and the demand takes everything readily. Jobbers hold prints at 43c and 65 Ib. tubs at 41c. Cabbage—$1.25 per. bu. for and $2.25 for red. Carrots—20c per doz. bunches; $1.25 per bu. Cauliflower—$3.75@4 per doz. for Calif. Celery—40@60c per bunch. Celery Cabbage—$1.20 per doz. Cocoanuts—90c per doz. or $6.50 per bag. white Eggs—The market is 4c lower than a week ago on fresh eggs. Local job- bers pay 48c for strictly fresh hen’s eggs and 38c for pullet’s eggs. Cold storage operators are offering their holdings as follows: OA Oi oe 42¢ Oe ee 36¢ Gigeks) 33¢ Egg Plant—20c apiece. Garlic—23c per Ib. Grape Fruit—Fancy Florida or Texas stock sells as follows: No 46) $5.50 Wo ot oe 6.00 NOt Ge ee ee 6.00 NGG AO 6.25 NOD OO 6.25 NG UG oe ee 6.00 Choice, 50c per box less. Grapes—Calif. Emperors are held at $2.25 per lug for choice and $2.50 for fancy. Green Onions—Shallots, $1 per doz. Green Peas—$4.75 per bu. for Calif. grown. Lemons—The_ price remains the same. Q00 Sumkist § 62.550 0 $16.00 G00 Sunkist =. 5052 0 16.00 S60) Red Ballo 622 oo. 16.00 S00 Red Ball =. 2. 16.00 Lettuce—In good demand on _ the following basis: Imperial Valley, 4s, per crate ~-_-$6.00 Imperial Valley, 5s, per crate _--_ 6.00 Hot house grown, per Ib. _--_--_- 12c Limes—$1.50 per box. Mushrooms—60e per Ib. Fancy Sunkist Navels are now on_ the Cal.fornia following Oranges basis: 126) $6.00 150) 6.50 WAG 6.75 OOO) 7.00 CLO 7.00 OOF ee 6:75 Floridas are held as follows: OG $4.75 6 iQ 525 7G 5.25 OU 5.25 Oi 5 50 Qe 5.50 Onions—Home grown yellow, $1.75 per 100 lb. sack; white, $2.25. Parsley—50c per doz. bunches. Peppers—Green, 75c per doz. for Calif. Pineapples—Cuban are held as _ fol- lows: Me $4.00 eee 4.50 a e.. . 5.75 Potatoes—Home grown, $1.50 per bu. on the Grand Rapids public mar- ket; country buyers are mostly paying $1.25; Idaho stock, $3.75 per 100 Ib. bag; Idaho bakers command $4.15 per box of 60 or 70. Poultry—Wilson & Company pay as follows: leavy fowls 2.2.55 ae bight fowls 2.2223 l6c Peavy brotlers) 200. 22c Bight broilers: 2-02 18c Old Poms o.oo 20c Radishes—60c¢ per doz. bunches of hot house. 1. Squash—Hubbard, $5 per 100 Ibs. 7 Sweet Spinach—$1.85 per bi Potatoes—$1.75 per bu. for kiln dried Tenn. Tomatoes—$1.15 for 6 Ib. basket, Florida stock. Turnips—$1.40 per bu. Veal Calves — Wilson & Company pay as follows: Raney oe 18¢ Good = 15¢ Weed 12c Boge 2200 10¢ ——_—_+~- .____ This Inventive Age. What “this mechanical age” signi- fies, in contrast with an earlier period of our National existence, is illustrated by the report of the “Patent Office. More patents have been granted dur- ing the last ten years than during the first hundred years of the Goavern- ment. The total number of patents, design patents and trademarks issued in the last year was 64,245. And there are still pending 103,236 appliactions. The Patent Office is more than five years behind in its work. An increase of 100 in its personnel is asked for. Unnecessary delay in disposing of ap- plications for patents is unjust to in- ventors and New comforts and hampering to progress. processes of production, new conveniences for the people, new devices promotive of eco- romical merchandising, new uses of familiar articles—all these may be held out of use by the Patent Office conges- tion. For the well-being of the peo- ple, the advanced offerings of science and invention should be made available as soon as possible. ———_2-+____ The Reason. The teacher was explaining things to the boys in his class. “For instance, I want to introduce water into my house. I turn it on. The pipes and taps are in order, but I get no water. Can. you tell me why?” He expected the children to see that it was because he had not made a con- nection with the main in the street. The boys looked puzzled. They could not see why water should refuse to run into his premises after such fault- less plumbing. “Can no one tell me what I have neglected?’ the teacher repeated, look- ing at the wondering faces. “T know,” said one boy at last. “You don't pay up!” Via Vitae. It is not the road Never that—Oh no! Nor the miles I meet Scarcely could these goad Plodding mortal feet Where for need they go. Undisturbed by fear-—- ge it ever so— Even when alone Faces fond appear From the days agone While I onward go. Roads are just a road; Though afar they go Where I only ask Strength to shift the load Yet no lesser task If but courage grow. Charles A. Heath, 6 CHINA SHOULD MOVE SLOWLY In Insisting on Abolition of Extra- Territoriality. The word ordinarily used for this huge problem of international import- ance is “extra-territoriality,’ but Brit- ish papers over here in China have evidently coined the term written about this article. We do not know, writing these lines while steaming up the Yangtse River toward Nanking, how much the press in the homeland is playing up this issue, but it surely is being discussed in the papers of China and Japan. On our way from San Francisco to Kobe, Japan, we happened to meet a couple of fellow passengers on their way to Kyoto, Japan, to attend the Conference on Pacific Relations, to be held in that ancient capital of the empire of the Rising Sun, and had occasion to discuss the matter of extra- territoriality with them, as we _ sur- mised it would prove to be a bone of contention. Naturally, because it also effects the status of missionaries in China, we were interested in the sub- ject and had made some study of it. Possibly it will interest the Tradesman readers if we devote this article to it. At the Kyoto conference the Chi- nese delegates, among other matters, pleaded for abolition of extra-territor- iality. They stated that the replies of “some powers” to Nanking’s note of April 27 on the subject proved a great disappointment to the pople of China. They claimed, “all the nation is deter- mined through peaceful means and in the shortest possible time to free themselves from this obsolete unilat- eral system.” Some of students of “young China” glibly use that last named phrase, “unilateral.” It has become a term to conjure with. although there are a number who do not seem to know at all what it really means. “Look here, you are talking all the time about extra-territoriality—do you know what it means?”’, a certain foreign speaker asked his Chinese audience. The reply was, “Certainly, of course we do.” “Well, what does it mean?” And the amusing answer was, “Extra means more and territory stands for land. And that is what you foreigners are always doing. Trying to get more of our land.” It may barely be possible that some of the readers of this weekly are in need of some information on this “ob- solete unilateral system.” We trust what we furnish will prove that it is neither as obsolete nor as unilateral, as the preferred utterances of some sections of young China may lead. one to think. Briefly told, the phrase “extra-terri- toriality” signifies that the consular officials of certain powers in China have, by treaty rights, jurisdiction over their Nationals residing in that Repub- lic. This means that a foreigner, re- siding in China, cannot be sued or punished in a Chinese court. If he commits a crime, he is tried by the consul of his own nation, not accord- ing to the laws of China, but to those of his own country. If such a foreign- MICHIGAN er happens to be plaintiff in a case, in which a Chinese is a defendant, such a case must be brought before a. Chi- nese court, in which a foreign assessor sits, either jointly, or to watch the proceedings. If a Chinaman is the plaintiff, suit must be brought before the court of the nation to which the defendant belongs. This principal of extra-torritorial rights dates already from 1869 in so far as Russia is con- cerned—the treaty of Nerchink. It is at least adumbrated in the Trade Reg- ulations with Great Britain signed in 1843 and plaintly stated in the Amer- ican treaty of Wanghai, signed in 1844. Now, on the face of it, these extra- territorial rights of treaty powers look unilateral and appear to be obsolete. A Chinaman has no such rights in any foreign land in which he happens to reside. If he breaks the laws of the country in which he lives, he is judged and punished by the courts of that land, and not of China. His consul may watch his case. He may protest if he deems his fellow Chinese unfairly treated but he has no standing in the court of the nation. This looks like unequality and unfairness, does it not? But wait a minute. Let us study two things, to judge the matter fairly, based on past conditions and the pres- ent situation in China. As to the past, when these treaties were made, Chinese courts were notoriously corrupt and often very cruel. No litigant would receive justice unless it pleased the Mandarin authorities of those days, to decide in favor of the “foreign devil.” And bribery was, as a rule, the only means to obtain a favorable verdict of the Chinese judge. The heavier the bribe the better, even if the Chinese plaintiff or defendant were in_ his rights. So much as to the corruptness of these courts. As to the cruelty we named, that, too, was notorious. Even worse. Punishments often were sim- ply barbarous. Strangulation and be- heading were not the only methods used in capital punishment. The “slic- ing process” was not unknown, and not alone the prisoners but even the witnesses were examined under tor- ture, and this torture was _ inflicted without limit, and—at the mere whim of the judge ‘“judge’’—prisoners often were transported from place to place, in cages, like wild animals. If they were allowed any egress at all while on the way, it was to beg for food or for money—often seized by their jail- ors. Underlings were allowed to tor- ture the incarcerated unfortunates just as long and as often as they were able to squeeze money out of the families of the imprisoned ones. Those who had no friends to come to their aid were allowed to die of starvation, if not tortured to death. And prisoners were not the only ones thus mistreated. In one instance a shipwrecked party of Britons, including a lady, were con- fined in lattice boxes, 31%4x3x2 feet and in these carried about from town to town. Young China ought to blush with shame at these records of a not very remote past. In these circumstances, we ask, could any civilized power do anything less than insist on extra-territorial rights TRADESMAN for its Nationals? It would have been inhuman as well as treason toward its own citizens or subjects in China, not to demand a treaty provision of this nature. No Chinaman, although with- out any “special rights,” was ever treated in such a fashion in a foreign land. He did not need “extra-terri- toriality” in America or England. So much as to the past. And now as to the present. Great Britain and America, in treaties signed in 1903 intimated they were willing to surrender their rights of the kind we described as soon as the Chinese courts were reformed, so as to be in a posi- tion to administer justice the way such is done in civilized lands. They even offered to give every assistance to the Chinese government to reform its ju- dicial system. In a British, Dutch, American and Japanese communication forwarded to the Nanking government Oct. 31 of this present year, this was expressed again. Now to this, the Chinese in their National pride (or shall we say, arrogance?) or at least, in their spirit of obliviousness regard- ing a dark past reply: “We are under no obligation tc reform our courts of justice until they satisfy you.” They forget that their laws and courts were not good enough for the Chinese, they themselves being the judges. They were so bad as to provoke at least one revolution. And while the code of the present day is a great improvement on what obtained eighty years ago, this improvement is still very much a theory instead of a practice. That is why we believe that our American Government ought not to go one whit beyond what it declared in 1902. At the very moment at which we are writing these lines the country is once more torn by civil war. Soldiers are time and again levying illegal taxation. Trade is interrupted. Property rights are in jeopardy. It seems to be a toss-up just now which party wins; that of the Kuomington of the mod- erates, of Nanking, or of the Kuoming- ton of the Reds of Feng and Yen. Such a situation does not spell en- couragement that foreigners can de- pend on it that justice will be obtained in every other court under Chinese control. The Chinese had better go slow in this insistence on speedy aboli- tion of this “obsolete and unilateral system” for their own good. They should not forget two factors. The one is that to-day they afe not alone facing the civil war situation above alluded to, but when that is settled their great problem will be the industrialization of their large armies. Thousands of them are apt to resort to banditry, as they find themselves unable forthwith to obtain an adequate livelihood. Time and again this has hapened. China will have its hands more than full with this industrialization — this return to ordinary pursuits of life and honest trade and traffic—to devote much time and attention to its courts and judicial system and to really improve them. The reverse. It does not even possess at present a stable government main- taining peace, order and National unity. And, closely connected with this, is December 11, 1929 another reason why the Chinese better go slow for their own good in pressing their claims about the subject discussed in this article. To solve aright this tremendous problem of the return of its vast armies to the ordinary and legal pursuits of life, it will require much foreign cap- ital. And we foresee that the sudden abolition of this protective measure of extra-territoriality will frighten foreign investment away from a land which has not yet given full proof of its ability to provide a fair and square judicial system which guarantees the inviola- bility of contract. At present foreign capital has largely restricted itself to the so-called “foreign concessions.” It is not apt to go beyond them in the immediate future. And with reason on the grounds we gave. Henry Beets. —_+2 > One Man’s Experience With Highway Employes. Let me give a word of commenda- tion to the boys who are running the highway equipment on our State trunk- lines just now, when they are facing the trying and strenuous weeks of snow and storm. Therg was a time when we motor- ists were constantly harrassed with the interference and recklessness of drivers who seemed to think them- selves immune to all traffic regulations and above the level of decent road courtesies. But we can be happy that these chaps have largely disappeared or reformed. I am sure that the fellows running the scrapers and snowplows are just human enough to appreciate a word of commendation. As one who drives considerably throughout the State, I would like to pin a medal on every one of these boys I have encountered duirng the past few months. Not only do they go out of their way to make it easy for traffic to meet or pass them on the road; but they are a most accommodating fraternity when a mo- torist suffers misfortune at a _ time when ne is isolated from service or telephone. The other morning, at Owosso, when my motor was cold and refused to start, one of these men, without asking my _ permission, promptly brodght his truck across the street, hooked me in tow, and hauled me a half-mile before my motor began func- tioning. The most remarkable feature of this service was that he refused to accept a cent, but he did take a half- dozen cigars under friendly protest. I should like very much to have the State Highway Department know that it has the perfect type of gentlemen on its service staff; the kind that makes us motorists sure there are a lot of good folks in the world, despite so many evidences to the contrary. W. H. Caslow. ——+.2.2———_ Down To Brass Tacks. Before I married Maggie dear I was her pumpkin pie, Her precious peach, her honey lamb. The apple of her eye. But after years of married life This thought I pause to utter, Those fancy names are gone, and now I’m just her bread and butter. ——___.>-——————_ Time lost in looking for misplaced tools is money out of the pay envelope. Scena eee enacts Mel Sitios [2a ene en ee anasicciienieeniis j ae [erry December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN PUTS BURDEN ON DEALERS. Sustains Overproduction By Cutting Dealer Discount. The first stupor of the stunning blow dealt by the ford Motor Co. to its dealers is beginning to wear off. Some have returned to full cognition. Some are yet only half awake. But conscious or stupefied, they are piling my desk with their flood of amazement, denunciation, disgust and despair at the lightning like manner in which ford cut prices to the public and discounts to the dealers. Tin Lizzie tyranny has surpassed itself to develop a new technique. It has achieved dealer rape by remote control. Ford’s full page announcements of Nov. 1, that these reductions are made “because it is the policy of the com- pany to pass on to the public as rapid- ly as possible the advantages of quan- tity production and newly developed manufacturing facilities” barely avoids being deliberately false advertising. For the major portion of the price cut comes not from any economies in ford production or development of new facilities, but from ford dealer oppres- sion and terrorization. As is well known by this time, ford Motor Co. cut prices Nov. 1 and cut dealer discounts. Discounts were re- duced from 20 to 17.5 per cent. Serious as the matter is that any manufacturer should ask its dealers to handle new cars on 17.5 per cent. mar- gin, there is an even more ruinous phase of the price cut that was not revealed by the public announcement. That had to do only with cars pur- chased from ford after Nov. 1. But what about cars bought prior to Nov. 1? It is no secret that the bottom fell out of the retail automobile market so fast while ford was at top production that his dealers are now heavily over- loaded. Indeed in some _ territories prior to the price cut travelers employ- ed Simon Legree disguises to force automobiles into dealer stockrooms. He has injured his dealers, both in morale and money. He has protested so loudly that the country is sound that he has put seri- ous doubts and fears into the minds of many as to whether it is sound. His price cut has fallen on deaf ears for the public is not now the slightest interested in assisting any automobile manufacturer to break any production records. His price cut has crystallized even more that indifference. People who weren't thinking at all about price cuts are now loudly prophecying. ‘Wait. Wait. There will be more.” His price cut has frozen activity in the used car market, not alone for his own dealers but for all others. His change of discount during a contract period, even more than his change of price, has definitely precipi- tated banker hostility not alone to the ford dealer but to the entire industry. He has in effect told banking and finance interests that the ford dealer is a dangerous person to do business with. He has proved it to those bank- ers who have made loan commitments to ford dealers on the basis of a 20 per cent. operating margin, and who must now pay back those loans on a 17.5 per cent. margin earning power. The bankers’ security has been definitely reduced 12.5 per cent. His change of discount without no- tice has confirmed a too oft repeated charge that a dealer contract is noth- ing but a scrap of paper to the car manufacturer, the charge that a car manufacturer will do anything to a dealer that he can get away with. This is not true, so far as all manu- facturers are concerned but ford is so large a part of the automobile indus- try that his action alone puts a burden on every other manufacturer, whether fairly or unfairly, to disprove the con- tention. Lastly his cut of discount strikes fear to every dealer in the business be- cause the very size of his operations may compel other manufacturers to effect a similar lowering in discount in order to meet competition at the factory. If this is to be a policy of the automobile industry, a dog eat dog affair, then dealers might just as well lock their doors and leave the indus- try now. They have had little but hope upon which to operate for years. Dealer pillage adopted as a competi- tive policy will be the final assurance that even hope is gone. Dealers need have no delusion as to their ability to escape being cannon fodder if the “Battle of the Giants” is declared on. Each factory involved will fight until its last dealer is dead. Other factories will not be permitted to stay out of the fight even if they want to do so. Striving to sustain a_ production which was normal prior to Oct. 1, but which is hugely abnormal now, ford has produced cars that in the face of the present sales situation must be- come distress merchandise and hence ruinous competition for every dealer attempting to sell his own merchan- dise. A thirty days’ supply of new auto- mobiles is ample for any dealer at this time of the. year. It is ample at any time except in those months when current models are being stocked for spring delivery. No dealer can floor plan automobiles in October, Novem- ber and December for spring sale ex- cept at ruinous burden to himself. If ford production cannot be brought down to the point where his dealers have only a 30 day supply on hand or if the production of any other manu- facturer cannot be brought down to a 30 day supply, then the dealer for that manufacturer has a right to demand that such automobiles as are above a 30 day supply be stored by the manu- acturer for his own account and fed into the retailer’s hands on the basis of the dealer’s actual order. Freight, storage and insurance—under such condition are properly charged against the manufacturer and not the dealer. Factories that over a two year per- iod have been accumulating enormous cash reserves have arrived at a point where they have a definite and in- telligent use for a part of that surplus for some other purpose than plant ex- pansion. A dollar invested now in softening this over production blow to the dealer body will be worth a thous- and dollars invested in extra assembly lines. While it is too much to expect, the only proper reparation the ford Motor Co. can make to his own dealers for its arbitrary price cut is a rebate giv- ing full protection to the ford dealer on all automobiles in stock prior to Nov. 1 and a return to its former dis- count figure at the completion of the run of material going into its present model. After steps have been taken to re- coup the injuries of the present over- production season, it might not be amiss for ford and all other manufac- turers to consider whether a perman- ent remedy could not be worked out on the basis of higher new car prices and perhaps increased dealer discounts even over those in effect at the start of 1929, thus assuring a lowering of new automobile production in 1930 and later years. C. A. Vane, Mer. National Automobile Dealers Association. ———————— Proper Light Necessary. Unobstructed windows help to keep the store well lighted. tificial light must be ready for use during dark days, as well as in the rear, in cases where windows cannot be installed. The modern market has drop lights enclosed in nonglare globes in the store proper and nonglare re- flectors in each window. Experience shows that plenty of light is one of the cheapest salesmen a grocer can hire. But ample ar- Circumstances Under Which Chain Stores Cannot Compete. Chain stores cannot compete with 28 per cent. of the independent retailer. They are invincible. The chains have given up trying to invade their market. the traditional price advantage of chains doesn’t exist — these retailers can beat any price that chains can set. chain They set a definite limit to growth. Professor Nystrom has re- cently pointed out that the 28 per cent. of all retailers, omitted from the recent distribution cénsus in eleven cities, because their business amount- ed to less than $5,000 a year, are much strongly intrenched more than gen- erally recognized. They have no rent; they usually use the front room of a living apartment on the street level for the store. They have no employes —the wife and children tend to the store. They don’t worry about pay for the manager; he often has a job elsewhere (either day or night work) and only relieves his wife in attend- He has no dividends to earn on capital; he seldom ance during his off hours. borrows beyond the credit his whole- Whatever margin he realizes between cost and salers will extend him. selling price is additional income for himself and his family. These 28 per cent. of all retail! stores lead all known retail organizations in economy of operations. The chain stores cannot exist in neighborhoods plentifully sup- plied with them. As_ credit risks, strangely, these small retailers often stand high. HAVE YOU Protected Your Life Insurance? By arranging a Life In- surance Trust, you can afford your family the fullest possible benefit from your insurance funds. GIOL7O GRAND RAPIDS TRUST CO. Grand Rapids, Michigan MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 ADVERTISING HAS CHANCE. While something has been said for the part that advertising can play in there seems to be some lack of ability on sustaining business progress, the part of the profession to give that faith point. So far the casual reader has come across here and there a mes- sage that sounds a confidence so com- plete that it fails of its purpose. Some tendency to exaggerate on the small consequences of the stock panic has also been noted. And again it may be cited that the chief point a leader in the business makes is that continu- ity in advertising is its chief virtue— a sort of “advertise now and you will benefit twenty-five years from now” argument. All this does not quite measure up to the claims which advertising has often made for itself in the way of building present and promoting new markets. Those claims have been fully justified in many cases, although per- haps due credit has not always been accorded in the process to the pro- ducer, his product and his sales or- ganization. It did not take the security collapse to spread a certain amount of unrest Several vex- present, in advertising quarters. ing questions were already and the chief of these, perhaps, was the matter of real market and product research, which must be the foundation of effective advertising effort in place of the haphazard methods so often employed. To put the real message of what advertising can do for preserving good business before the public what better than the facts and figures on those companies which have shoved to the front in times of depression? There have been notable instances and they prove more concisely than lighter arguments how advertising can help in adversity when, after all, it should back its claims. COMMITTEE FOR REAL WORK. It was not to be expected that the of leaders in trade, industry and trans- conference in Washington last week bring out much in While the representatives cf forty different lines of activity were called upon to report portation would the way of business ills. conditions in their respective fields, the chief object of this and other moves at the capital was to restore business confidence and to prevent any decline which might occur from fear, uncertainty or pessimistic imag- ination. The gist of these reports was there- fore almost ordained to be “business is sound.” And that was actually the result. Where an industrial leader could not actually see good conditions, he professed to see them “just around the corner.” The reports followed more or less the formal lines fixed for year-end reviews and forecasts. The conference carried along the work started by the previous conferees with the President, who merely made public usual estimates on future work so that the total for 1930 in building might receive wide dissemination. The real work of the business con- ference will be done by the executive committee of twenty, which is to be announced this week. And its program should prove a very. interesting one, since it will have a number of new and almost untried questions to study if real progress is to be made in pro- moting business stability. The prob- lem of backward industries offers itself as perhaps the foremost difficulty. Per- haps a group with the authority which this committee should command may be able to formulate steps which will relieve all business of the handicaps imposed by reactionary interests. It is to be hoped, at any rate, that the committee will search out facts and discounts mere views. DRY GOODS CONDITIONS. The first full week of the holiday shopping season confirmed previous in- dications that an early start on gift purchasing was being made by con- sumers. The volume of sales has start- ed cff at a high level and retailers are well satisfied. Along with this holiday business has developed quite a good deal of trade on seasonal apparel and cold weather goods. The latter has been stimulated by attractively priced offerings. All told, retail trade entered the final month of the year good pace which, if maintained, should bring an increase over last vear’s volume. From ata the ear’y evidence, November results Combined sales of the two largest and chain store companies ran 19 per cent. over the The Woolworth chain reported an increase of 6.1 per were fair. mail order total for a year ago. cent., with the old stores yielding a gaing of 2.33 per cent. Other results in the chain field disclosed fair gains, but usual'y under the former showings for the year. In a statement that followed his re- port on sales, the head of one of the leading mail order organizations was frank in holding that the stock crash is affecting retail business. Luxuries and even necessaries are hit, he said, since the public is buying lower-price His view is that demand will not be very strong for six or eight merchandise. months. In that time the public will wear out many things and pay off its instalment debts. With concentration upon selling, re- tail buyers have been less active in the wholesale merchandise markets. How- ever, interest is shown in the new lines for the resorts and the spring season. As a whole, the markets appear quite firm, with supplies in good control. eee seee REVISING THEIR IDEAS. A bit of caution is now observed among those who so definitely declared earlier in the season that the radical changes in women’s garments would be quickly accepted. An authority who not long ago stated that the new modes would be successful and, in fact, had been on the way “in” for a long time, saw fit during the week to pull in a little sail. After disclosing that sales have not been as good as expected so far this season, he attrib- uted the decline in sales and the in- crease in return and alteration ex- penses to the mistake of trying to force changes rapidly on consumers. This diagnosis appears to overlook the fact that so many authorities were quite confident that the new designs would that business would be increased in a very substantial way not only through the purchase of entirely new outfits but through the additional yardage and trimmings required. If quickly find favor and ‘sale of the the new styles had sold in satisfactory volume that would undoubtedly have been the case. As it turns out, the safest measure of gauging so uncertain a matter as the demand for a new style continues to be close watch of actual consumer demand. So far this has proved to be a much safer method than upon what stylists and so-called fash- ion experts are able to advise. The reliance retailer or buyer who follows this rule can always increase his stock of the new and salable article without much loss on his older stock. Abrupt shifts are not usually experienced. CHRISTMAS SEALS. One thing the buying of which should certainly not be curtailed is Christmas seals. Upon the money realized from the sale of these seals depends the amount of effort which can be put into the fight against tuber- culosis during the coming twelve months. The Christmas seal idea originated with Einar Holboel, a mail clerk of Charlottenbund, Denmark. In 1903 he was at work at the busy holiday season distributing containing It occurred to him that he might raise money for a children’s hospital by selling a special Christmas stamp. He interested the royal family in the idea; it was tried the next year and proved successful. Jacob Riis received one of these seals on a letter from a friend in Copen- hagen and wrote about it in the Out- look. This item came to the atten- tion of Miss Emily Bissell of Wilming- ton, Del., who used a seal to raise money for a local tuberculosis hospital. It was next adopted by the Red Cross and finally became the means of Na- postcards Christmas greetings. tional money raising for the National Tuberculosis which is composed of 1,400 affiliated state and local To-day in every city, town and hamlet in the country men and women are selling Christmas seals to raise money to fight tuber- culosis, which takes the lives of more persons between the ages of eighteen and forty than are taken by any other disease. Association, associations. MOVES AT THE CAPITAL. The opening of Congress, the Presi- dent's message and the National Busi- ness Survey Conference furnished a series of important happenings during the past week, all of which were scan- ned eagerly for their possible promise of aid against business reaction. Congress immediately started upon its program for rushing through the proposed tax reduction and the legis- lation is promised before the holidays. The tariff outlook, according to those who are following developments close- ly, is for a measure with duties higher all around for agricultural products and industrial schedules left pretty much where they are. Industrial and general business de- velopments of the week followed along recent lines. However, there was a straightening out in the level of steel operations. The mills are striving to keep an even distribution of employ- ment. output disclosed signs of rising and ford announced a new minimum wage of $7 a day, carry- ing out his recent promise with an in- crease of $1. Building contract awards rose toward the end of last month and were notable higher in this territory. failures last month were Automobile 3usiness 2.3 per cent. in number under the same month last year, but liabilities were 28 per cent. higher, due to seventy-five large defaults. Of course, it is still too early for a reflection of the security collapse, but the showing so far this year has been favrable. ENGLAND’S DIRIGIBLES. Despite the successful flights of the Graf Zeppelin, the dirigible still has many problems to solve before it can win an assured position in the trans- portation field. Neither the R-101 nor the R-100, according to reports from Ergland, has lived up to its builder’s expectations, and the long-projected dirigible line to India and Australia is still a rather nebulous dream. The trial flights of the R-101 re- vealed so many defects in that airship that it has now been decided to deflate and partially reconstruct it, while the R-100 has not yet been launched for fear that even the slightest wind may wreck it before it can be brought cut of its shed. It is said that certain structural weaknesses unfit it for Brit- ish weather conditions and will ren- der it useless for tropical _ flights. Whether or not these reports are en- tirely true, the builder of both the R-100 and the R-101 has admitted that the two airships are purely mental and that some $15,000,000 more must be spent before a dirigible can experi- be evolved capable of linking Eng- land with the Dominions. We are now in a very definite phase of our conquest over the air. It is a period of sober second thought we can realize that the first long-distance flights of both airplanes and dirigibles did not necessarily mean that we are to have at once transoceanic passenger lines. But this should not imply that we shall never when have them. One of the features of current busi- ness in “stout” dresses is the increas- in interest that retailers are showing in garments made in quarter sizes. These are designed especially for the short stout woman or miss, and are being stocked by leading Fifth avenue stores and specialty shops, which are said to be having considerable success with them. They are particularly valuable, it was said recently, in suc- cessful fitting women of 38 to 52 bust measure, and of limited height. Not only do they afford better fit than half sizes, but they hold down alterations costs. It is claimed, however, that many retailers have still to learn the advantage of stocking them. soe inin 4 4 4 a | q 4 4 4 | € ' j i ) i I j q ; age cme tree sPauertgwer es ae ee £ fi fi Ei &} Hi bi December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 9 OUT AROUND. Things Seen: and Heard on a Week End Trip. Last Saturday we headed East on M 21 for: Saranac, Ionia, Muir and Lyons, but a_ blinding forced us to return home after reaching Lowell. We calied on Editor John- son to express our sympathy over the death of his wife, but the office was locked and we were unable to say the word we deemed appropriate to the occasion. snow storm A little too late for last week’s paper I received the following letter from a Grand Rapids gentleman who stands high in the community: Your article in the Tradesman of Nov. 27 describing the ordeal you had to go through with the “girl at the gate” in order to meet the head of the house reminds me of a somewhat similar experience I participated in in Detroit some years ago. I was then in the employ of the Federal tax de- partment and was assigned to go over the reports made to the Government by a man whose estate was in excess of $25,000,000 when it reached the probate court a few years later. The gentleman greeted me cordially and asked me to accompany him to the office of an attomey, which I cheer- fully consented to do. Arriving at the outer office of the attorney, we were informed by the in- formation eirl that the attorney was busy. We asked how long he would be engaged and received a snappy re- ply, “I told you he is busy.” We waited half an hour and again approached the arrogant young lady who apparently guarded all approach to her chief with great zealousness and little courtesy or diplomacy. We humbly asked the young ladv if she would kindly ask her employer how long he would be engaged. Instead of complying with our re- quest, she replied in a very nasty tone of voice, “I have told you twice he is busy.” My companion was so disturbed over the undiplomatic attitude of the young woman that he decided to engage an- other lawyer. The case was an in- volved one and required several days of close application and negotiation by the attorney. We finally reached an amicable understanding, when I asked the gentleman if he would mind tell- ing me how much the first attorney lost by not having a more amiable guard at the outer door. “T have no idea how much my regu- lar attorney would have charged me,” he replied, “but I paid the other at- torney $25,000.” I am led to describe this circum- stance to show peaple who place their welfare in the hands of careless and unworthy representatives how serious- lv they sometimes suffer as the result of lack of care in the selection of em- ployes to hold important positions in establishments where the men at the head insist on secluding themselves from callers and customers. I have had many experiences similar to the above, but I am glad to recall many experiences of an entirely dif- ferent character, where the girl at the gate undertook to be really helpful in bringing about an interview with the head of the house at the earliest pos- sible moment. The exceptions to this rule are so few that it places the -“bossy” female in a class by herself. We soon learn to cope with this ex-~- asperating individual by making an appointment with the person desired in advance of the call, so the dominant young creature has no occasion to as- sert her authority when the call is made. I do not often reproduce news mat- ter from the daily papers, but the fol- lowing item is so vitally interesting to every merchant that I feel justified in reprinting it here: Wives who buy clothing and charge it to their husbands, instead of spend- ing their allowances, and merchants who take such accounts—even though the husband be a congressman—need expect no assistance hereafter in the courts of the District of Columbia. Justice Charles H. Robb, of the Dis- trict Court of Appeals, decided both points to-day in a decree exonerating Representative George Huddleston (Dem. Ala.) of liability for a debt of $245 owed to the Saks Fur Co. as the balance on a fur coat and a fur scarf bought by Mrs. Hertha Huddleston. The price of the two pieces was $253 and Mrs. Huddleston made a down payment of $8. That, under the court decree, is all the fur store will get. The Saks company sued Huddleston after he refused to pay its bill on the ground that he gave his wife an allow- ance of $75 a month and that she dis- obeyed him in charging the furs. Judgment in favor of the husband was given in the municipal court, and the merchant sued out a writ of error. At the trial Representative Huddle- stone testified that he knew nothing about the furs until he got a bill for them; that he never authorized his wife to buy them, and that he had told her never to make any purchases on his credit. For a long time, he said, he had been handing her the $75 a month allowance with instructions to expend no more than that, and to pay cash for everything. The opinion of Justice Robb not only vindicated Mr. Huddleston but vigorously upheld the right of all hus- bands whose spouses have the “charge it’ habit. After reviewing at length a number of American and English cases, it laid down the rule that when a husband has once per- formed his duty to provide for his wife he may not be compelled in a court of law to do so again. “We are of the view,” said Justice Robb, “that the rule to be deduced from the authorities which we have reviewed is just and salutary. Its tendency will be to check extravagance (one of the most pronounced of modern evils) and at the same time protect thousands who in good faith have made such pro- visions for their wives as their means and station in life warranted, from debts thoughtlessly and_ needlessly contracted and often beyond the capacity of the husband to pay.” “Moreover,” the report continued, ‘St does not require the discernment of a Solomon to appreciate that the unauthorized purchase of goods by a wife whose husband has adequately provided for her inevitably will have a tendency to disturb and possibly dis- rupt their conjugal relations.” Following this rebuke to the “charge it’ wives, Justice Robb turned _ his barrage of legal logic upon the mer- chant, asserting that he should have found out if the charge was acceptable to the husband. On this point he quoted Lord Justice Bramwell of Eng- land, who said: “If it be said that such a proceeding would offend the cus- tomer, I answer that may be an ex- cellent reason why the tradesman should not ask the question, but it is no reason for seeking to make the hus- band pay because the question is not asked.” To this argument Justice Robb added his own observation that it is easy in these modern days for a merchant to check up on a credit account. “The present day means available to merchants,” he concluded, “for the ascertainment of the moral and finan- cial responsibility of patrons and cus- tomers are such that little apprehen- sion need be indulged on account of the rule we have announced.” I have always mantained that the installment business, as conducted in these days, is the curse of trade, because it reverses every good principle of reputable merchandising. In the first place, the installment dealer is forced to charge from 50 to 100 per cent. profit than the regular dealer does, to cover the cost of making collections and interest on long drawn out and past due accounts. In the second place, the universal modern more practice of installment dealers in sell- ing goods to wives without the knowl- edge of husbands and without obtain- ing their consent—with the idea of forcing the husbands to pay if the wives default—is unethical, unbusiness- like and dishonest. Deceit is the last thing any merchant should ever re- sort to in the sale of his wares. Clan- which involve the ele- ment of deceit and chicanery should be No mer- destine sales avoided by every merchant. chant who lays any claim to honesty will sell a dollar’s worth of goods on the strength of the husband’s credit without first obtaining the consent of the husband. cases on file in this city where hus- bands have forced to pay for trash their than face suit and be There are thousands of been worthless purchased by wives, rather subjected to the annoyance and dis- grace which the defense of such cases involve. The decision of the Wash- ington court effectually puts an end to the blackmailing tactics of install- ment dealers who have used cajolery and threats over the heads of unfor- tunate husbands for many years. I would go a step further and assist in the enactment of a law making it a criminal offense, punishable by prison sentence, for a merchant to sell goods to a wife on the husband’s credit with- out first securing the consent of the husband to the transaction. Lawyers tell me that a large per- centage of the divorce applications nowadays are based on serious dis- agreements between husband and wife, due either to the refusal of the hus- band to honor obligations incurred without his knowledge or to his being forced to meet such obligations on threat of exposure, disgrace and court costs by grasping and rascally install- ment dealers who employ illegal and un-American methods to accomplish their nefarious ends. The expected has happened. When the control of the Berkey & Gay Furniture Co. passed into alien hands a few months ago through the pur- chase of a majority interest of the common stock, it was immediately as- sumed that every honored tradition of the famous old organization would be abandoned. The first blow along that line is the announcement that the semi-annual exhibit of new goods will be made in Chicago here- after, instead of in .Grand_ Rapids. Nothing the new owners of the insti- body tution could do to injure the prestige of the Grand Rapids market could be more destructive than this act, because it strikes at the heart of the tradition which has made Grand Rapids great —in a furniture sense. We still have the big factory and a large assortment of machinery, but the life—the per- sonality, the initiative and the inde- pendence of thought and action—has gone out of the establishment forever. From now.on the men who have la- bored long and done much to con- tribute to the greatness of Grand Rap- ids as the sole headquarters of high priced furniture of unique design and good workmanship will be mere errand boys for the man in Kenosha, who will dictate the policv of the company cheapen the volume in and, in all probability, quality and increase the keeping, with the idea of mass pro- duction. He says he will employ 1,000 more men than at present, but such an addition to the working meager compensation to the loss the market has sustained by having the force is independence of its leading furniture factory taken away from it. Alien ownership has proved a curse to Grand Rapids in every avenue in which it has shown its hand—not ex- cepting retail and The gradual decadence of a certain local store is a matter of common street. Up to this time our furniture factories have been wholesale stores. remark on the exempt from the blight, but from now on we may expect to see the merger mania make greatest industry. serious inroads on our President Hoover wrote seven years ago: “Individualism is the foundation stone of progress and prosperity. Any- undertakes to impede the pathway to individualism by a man or institution is an mankind and a traitor to his country and should receive summary punishment.” one who enemy of That was a good joke Eddie Cantor sent to Byrd from Boston last Mon- day night. As a result of the recent stock market crash a broker sent for a client (who happened to be a mer- chant) and told him he must put up $10,000 more cash to make good his margin account. The merchant pro- tested that he had no funds available for that purpose, when the broker said he could borrow the money on his life insurance. The merchant under- took to negotiate a loan from the in- surance company, but was told it could not spare the money. “All right,” replied the merchant, “since you can- not loan me $10,000 to-day, you can pay my widow $50,000 to-morrow.” “ Speaking of radio, reminds me that it is about the only thing left to me in the amusement field. On account of increasing deafness, I cannot hear a sermon, lecture or stage play. The same is true of the talkies, which have 10 cut out a favorite enjoyment. I can hear most of the things which come over the radio with keen enjoyment and amusement. The furniture manufacturers are ad- vertising for workmen in the daily papers of the large cities, when we al- ready have plenty. As a result, the city is filling up with unemployed people which is costing our charities I don’t think it fair for the Furniture Manufacturers’ Association dearly. to pursue such a policy. I am in receipt of the following let- ter from one of the finest young men I know—Orla H. Bailey, Jr., Secretary of the Lansing Retail Grocers and Meat Dealers’ Association: Lansing, Dec. 9—It is with great pleasure that I forward this bit of Lansing news to you. I feel that we should be more active in the part of your paper and I do hope that you will receive this message as I send it. Our last regular Retail Grocers and Meat Dealers’ Association meeting was held at the offices of Armour & Co., Lansing, Dec. 3, and I would very much like to have you publish the address of welcome given by Mr. Zimmer, manager. It was so well re- ceived by our members that I am sure it will be worth publishing. Enclosed please find the above men- tioned copy and trust you will give it your attention. Orla H. Bailey, Jr., Sec’y. I was exceedingly sorry to decline the request of so gracious a lad as Mr. Bailey, but loyalty to the retail trade —and my readers know I have a high regard for loyalty—compels ime_ to reply to the request contained in the letter as follows: I am pleased to receive your letter of Saturday, stating you had a grocers’ meeting Dec. 3. You do not state in your letter what was done at the meeting. although such matter would be news and gladly ac- cepted and played up bv us as strong- ly as we know how. Instead you send me a glibbering address by the local representative of Armour & Co., who have been the worst enemies to the retail grocer of any house in America. They sent out soap and canned goods in the fresh meat car shipments and peddied them out to hotels, res- taurants and private individuals at the same prices they charged the retail dealer until an interdict was placed on the practice by the I. C. C. They have never played fair with the retail trade and are now trying to get the so-called packers’ decree amended, so they can destrov the re- tail grocer in-the country towns. If I were to use the slobber you send me I would feel that I was be- traying the confidence placed in me by the retail grocers of this country. The city of Grand Rapids has again disgraced itself by giving the Salvation Army permission to maintain the bell ringing nuisance on our main. street from now until Christmas. This abuse has been permitted for the past dozen vears, to the disgust of all good citi- zens and the annoyance of those who happen to know, something of the in- ner workings of this organization and the criminal things the men at the head have been permitted to do in the past. Two or three years ago one of the dinner clubs espoused the cause of this questionable organization and MICHIGAN manhandled men and women on the street in the effort to force contribu tions from unwilling victims. The police stood by and witnessed these hold-ups without a word of protest. It is to be hoped that such disgrace- ful spectacles will not be permitted again this season. The wreckage of the Powers-Tyson Printing Co. (Grand Rapids) is now complete. The plant originally in- ventoried $35,000. The receiver recov- ered $11,300 from the sale of the assets, but the expenses of handling the trust were heavy, due to litigation for which the receiver was in no way responsible. My life-long friend, Louis J. Koster, of Grand Haven, writes me _ that Daniel Gale, of that city, is still in the land of the living, which I am very E. A. Stowe. —_—__» -. +. Union Labor Thugs in Evidence in California. Los Angeles, Dec. 6—The farmers in Argentina are also demanding re- lief from their government. The wheat crop was somewhat impaired by drought and other conditions have been bad for them. Now they are asking the nation to pay them $35 each per month until the next crop can be harvested. They want to know what a government is for if not to alleviate the financial pangs of the needy. There seems to be an expanding desire to make all governments paternal. Some of these days, however, the discovery will be made that the supply of dough is falling short and there will not be enough to go round, unless somebody goes to work. I am inclined to think the example being set by the politicians of our own nation is going to have a backlash some day, and then everyone will have to get into the legitimate earning class. glad to learn. Sir Harry Lauder, who is visiting California, very kindly offered to ap- pear in a charity. entertainment given by Pasadena citizens, but the infamous union labor thugs not only refused to make any contribution of services, and instead insisted on an increase in the complement of stage hands at $9.50 each. which, rather than to give up the project, was acceded to by the patrons of the enterprise. The same sort of thing has been done many times be- fore and probably will be repeated in the future. Union labor propagandists are fond of asserting that the spirit of unionism has changed, that under pres- ent day leadership they commit none of the offenses which brought organ- ized labor into disrepute in former days. Then the “business agent” calls and there is disillusionment. Charac- teristically, the demand was made at the very last moment, without previous notice, and with the customary threat to stop the show if it was not com- plied with. Rather than delay the per- formance, several sponsors of same dug down in their own pockets and contributed to the hold-up. The trouble with submission to such petty extor- tion is that it sets precedents which are difficult to overcome. All racket- ecring starts in just this way and pres- ently the levy becomes huge. Of course, on the other hand, every such incident increases the unpopularity of unionism and makes new converts among its members in the direction of the open shop. The tribute of a few dollars made at Pasadena goes into the ledger just the same and in the final accounting it will be paid with heavy interest. TRADESMAN Just at this writing the stockmen of Southern California are pulling off their annual “rodeo” or round up. In the affair here there are said to be a hundred and fifty carloads of high grade beef cattle, sheep and hogs on exhibition, which. in itself is interest- ing, but after all the excitement crav- ing public is there because of the lariat throwing, broncho busting and_ the fancy tricks ~f real cowboys, not only from the ranches of the Golden State, but from Texas, Wyoming and Idaho. And Los Angeles will be given over to this form of eutertainment for a full week. It is the one form of excite- ment which has been carried on for a century, beginning at a period long before the aborigines were superseded by the white man. Before the mis- sions were secularized in 1834 South- ern California was the greatest export: er of hides and tallow in the entire world. New England ships would anchor up and down the coast and leave loaded down with this particu- lar class of cargoes from the ranches. There were more cattle raised here, population considered, than anywhere else, though Texas has often been given undue credit for what it has done in that line. In those days once each year, they were rounded up, di- vided, according to their branding, and then turned loose again. Few of the wealthy dons had much of an idea as to just how much stock he possessed, or even expected to. To-day almost every California cowboy is accused of heing in the movies but there are some exceptions and it sure is interest- ing to witness their maneuvers. Strang- ers seem to enjoy the affair just as much as the old timers. The glory of a hundred years ago is again real for a passing period. Every time a public official is dere- lict in his duty—-which is pretty often these days—we are reminded of a phrase given to the world by President Hoover, during the late crusade against crime. Said the President: “The duty to enforce the law rests up- on every public official; the duty to obey it rests- with every citizen.” That illustrates fairly well the present-day attitude of most public officials: Theirs to command; yours to obey. But the whole scheme of things seems to have gotten badly twisted around, so that a very important percentage of our citizenry av> beginning to feel that “the duty to enforce the law rests with the citizen; the duty to obey it rests with every official,” whch sure seems just as fair as the President's dictum. But neither phrase’ represents the American viewpoint, which is that officials are just as amenable to the law as anyone else and have no spec- ial privileges in lawbreaking above the average citizen. The idea of any offi- cial, standing above the citizenry, cracking a Cossack whip and demand- ing that the laws be obeyed, is repug- nant to every free man, but when he is possessed of the knowledge that the law enforcement officials are doing the very thin~ they are inveighing against, he begins to question the merits of constitutional government. Recently we have been afforded the example of an Illinois congressman, well-known for his advanced position on the sub- ject of law enforcement, being indicted by the Federal courts for violation of the Volstead act, and coming back with the assertion that he had been “fram- ed.’ On the evidence submitted, he should have been punished. His de- fense was a tissue of falsehoods, but it was just another case of whitewash. Laws are made by the people, for offi- cials as well as themselves. And what the people make they may destroy, un- criticized by anyone. No law is sacred save that it is backed by public opinion, December 11, 1929 That was Washington’s view. It was the view of every man who signed the Declaration, and it is stil! good Ameri- can philosophy. It is, of course, the duty of officials to enforce laws—but a more important duty is to obey them. Without that obedience it can- not be expected that the citizenry will humbly submit to rules and regula- tions with which a great number of them disagree. Out of the argument over the “com- mercialization” of college football comes a suggestion that the players be paid salaries. This seems fair enough in view of the fact that most of them play for nothing at present, take all the injuries and get none of the profits. It is, of course, shameful that college athletics, designed to build up boys physically and morally, should be turned into a vaudeville spectacle, But apparently nothing can or will be done about it, though I might suggest that considering what education costs, the profits from college athletics might well be turned back into the public treasury. They might offset, to some degree, the huge sums of money that now go into schools and universities. The newspapers indicate there is a strong movement for height restric- tion in Chicago buildings. Structures of the tower type are running up forty to sixty stories in the air and result- ing in congestion inethe business dis- trict which is already causing much worry. There is plenty of flat and level land in the Chicago district and there was never any valid reason for centering the city’s business activities within the loop. In New York the sky-scraper presumably is a necessity, but in Chicago it is silly. Nearly a‘: American cities would be better off in a business way had they adopted the Los Angeles plan of limiting the height of buildings to 150 feet. It is conceded the regulation has done won- ders in shaping the future of the city. The new senator from Kansas sug- gests to his neighbor from Arkansas, Senator Caraway, that the latter might at least speak so that the Kansan could understand him. Caraway spicily re- torted that he didn’t expect to live tha! long. So there it rests. It might be urged, however, that if the Arkansas statesman is not understandable to a rather bright Kansan he cannot be of much service to the rest of us. The Secretary of the Navy says that due to our geographical location the United States is a maritime Nation. It has always been this way. Therefore there is imperative need in centerine the attention of our citizens on the matter of expanding our foreign com- merce, its carriage and protection. Of course the days of Captain Kidd and Sir Francis Drake have quite likely gone for all time, hence there is little danger of unexpected sea attacks upon our merchant ships, but it is just as well to keep our roof thatched eve if there is little danger of rain, though it is almost silly to take the position just because we are spending a little spare change in redecorating our ship. that we mean war. There isn’t even any -fight talk in that. Frank S. Verbeck. —_~+-.___ What Is Your Experience? Grocers who are hesitatintg about putting in open displays of bakery goods or five-and-ten-cent counters be_ cause of fear of theft, should consider the Woolworth experience where loss- es from theft probably do not exceed three-quarters of 1 per cent, F i i 4 ; 2 ce rENe pel vate oe eet aan: Saree a 4 a i uy December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 11 Germany Still Cherishes Idea of World Dominance. Grandville, Dec. 10—On the last day of November the French tri-color was hauled down for the last time as the French soldiers began evacuating the second Rhineland zone, leaving the German Rhine once more in possession of the German people. The Germans have felt the sting of defeat in their great war on France most keenly through eleven years of peace because of the occupancy of one bank of the Rhine by the nation the brutal Teutons undertook to extinguish by a brutality never before witnessed in this world. Belgium also withdrew her troops and the evacuation seems to be complete. Such rejoicing as filled the hearts of Germans reminds one of our own feel- ings when the last British soldier left America at the close of the Revolu- tionary war. Bingen on the Rhine will again be sung with its old-time pep, and the heart of Germania will thrill as of old to the songs both religious and military, which arise from the throats of a happy people. It is, indeed, a happy time for Ger- many. Her proud domination for so long of the French territory of Alsace Loraine and the loss of those lands as -a result of the war of extermination she fostered with great care and prose- cuted with relentless brutality remind- ing her that it is not always safe to be insolent and unforgiving in war. Bonfires blzed all over the Father- land, showing the delight of the peo- ple over the news that the Rhine on both shores was once more a German stream, but the singing of ‘Deautsch- land uber alles” in every part of Ger- many showed very plainly that the lesson of the kaiser’s war has fallen flat and that the dream of dominance instilled in the minds of ignorant peo- ple by a blood-thirsty monarch is still a cherished ambition in the Fatherland. No one nation can conquer the world. The brutal Hun should have found this out at a dear cost, but the great mass of the German people are still slaves to the idea promulgated by their infamous monarch that Germany has a God-given mission to subjugate the world. There were no. scenes of angry strife at the last. The departure of French soldiers from the neutral ground has given every German patriot a feeling of joy unconfined. That hard feelings may have resulted be- cause of the Rhine’s occupancy by a foreign country goes without saying. However, now that this boot has been removed there will, doubtless, be a kindlier feeling spring up between France and Germany. To-day Germany is a republic which has replaced the old monarchy, and if those people have learned anything from war's red hazard they will never again consent to see the republic dis- placed by a monarchy. We move on now from the sublime to the ridiculous. From the fields of war in Europe to the forests and fens of our own Michigan woods of which have been flooded with hunters seek- ing the red deer known as _ venison after slaughter. And may we not say that this ven- ison has been dearly bought this sea- son? An army of 70,000 hunters have swarmed the Michigan woods seeking to slay the red deer. At least 15,000 animals have been killed while nearly a dozen hunters fell victims to their brother hunters’ rifles. Was the sport worth the price? We opine not. Many indiscretions are committed in the name of sport. It hardly seems possible that the deer secured can re- pay the cost of human lives sacrificed and time and money expended. Winter entered the woods earlier than usual this year and this no doubt helped in piling up the mishaps which spell tragedy to many homes. The careless use of firearms is a fault of the American people that no amount cf accidents seem to efface. Parents often place guns in the hands of their sons of tender age, an invitation for accidental killing too readily condoned. The bank robbers and holdup men are not the only crim- inals in Michigan. Parents of a fair amount of intelligence in other matters seem to have gone daffy over furinsh- ing their boys with weapons to “ac- cidentally” kill themselves or slay a fellow creature. Much of what is termed accidental is nothing but pure cussedness on the part of the paternal head. With so much suffering inflicted on humans it would seem that hunters would be less careless. The many woundings of game which escapes instant death only to finally succumb after hours, even days of suffering in the tangled swamp, should not nass unnoticed. We profess to be a humane people. vet the methods pursued in the field of woods sports belies the saying, and gives our citizenship anything but an enviable record on the score of forest killings. Besides the woundings and. killings of comrades we find much other suf- fering added to the outright killing by bullets. Many become lost in the woods and some of them never are found alive. Michigan is a great State. It has many citizens with kind hearts and noble aspirations and some of these go into the woods seeking to kill. It is of course a matter of settling these doings with their individual con- sciences. It was fun in mv young days for us to go trapping the various fur-bearing animals, selling the skins for almost a pittance as compared with high prices for such pelts to-day. Children were not taught to respect the rights of animals any more in those davs than now. In the hunting of deer it was a rare occurrence for a hunter to fall a victim to his own or a neighbor’s rifle. Old Timer. ————_2-~e Less Child Labor. Twenty-five years ago some states had no age limit whatever. regarding labor. In those states any child, no matter how young, could be put to work. Other states had age limits of ten, twelve and thirteen years, re- spectively, and an age limit of fourteen years was coming in with reference to work in mines or factories. To-day every state has some kind of fourteen-year age limit and a few have sixteen years. A quarter of a century ago only two states had established an eight-hour work day for children under sixteen. About a dozen states had a ten-hour day. Restrictions on night work were being introduced, but only for children under fourteen and with 10 p. m. as the closing hour. Moreover, much of this regulation of hours and of night work applied only to factories and mines. To-day every state limits the hours of work for children, most of them having an eight-hour day for workers under sixteen, and almost every state places restrictions upon night work, 6 or 7 p. m. being the closing hour in two-thirds of the states. The census of 1900 showed that 1,- 750,000 children from ten to fifteen in- clusive were in gainful employment, of whom nearly 700,000 were in non-agri- cultural occupations. By 1920 these 700,000 had dropped to 400,000, but what was even more gratifying, the 185,000 of them who were in the lower- age section—from ten to thirteen, in- had dropped to 49,000. In reviewing the progress of these twenty-five years since its inception the National Child Labor Committee points out that there is much to be done still before child labor can be have been abolished. Most difficult are the problems presented by. the canneries, street trades, tene- ment home work and agriculture. clusive said to Nor is abol'tion the end, conclusive though the word sounds. For there remain questions connected with the interests of the youths who are per- mitted to work. Thirty-one states re- quire that a child of fourteen shall have completed the sixth grade before he leaves school for work, and twenty- seven states set the requirement at the completion of the eighth grade, al- with exemptions not all of which are desirable. Considerations of health are recog- nized by twenty-six states, which re- quire that a child of fourteen shall be examined by a physician and receive a certificate of physical fitness before going to work. These educational and health qualifications are not self-en- forcing. They also need to be ex- panded as our standards of well-being are raised. For what it has done to rescue chil- dren from mine and factory and to see that every American boy and girl has a fair start in life the National though human Ce Ee aie Nae ae ie a a a ne ee A Merry Christmas and A Prosperous New Year Because it’s very near— Jersey City SE ER ee ee ee ee EN EG a eg ee Reg Dee ag ee ee We mean the time of year For wishing men good cheer Our good wishes go to you. As the season's nearly here For hope instead of fear We want to make it clear Our good wishes go to you. The friendships we hold dear Which we've made in our career Make us cordially sincere Our good wishes go to you. wate C. F. MUELLER CO. Manufacturers of MUELLER MACARONI EN es ae Ne ee ee Ee Child Labor Committee deserves the gratitude not only of the boys and girls who are directly benefited but of the entire public. The whole country is the gainer from anything which in- creases the vitality and the ability of its youth. —_—_—_-§ &-__ Demand For China Picks Up. Consumer interest in chinaware was late in asserting itself this year but finally got started last week and re- tailers now report an active business. Medium-price sets are most in demand. Color preferences are confined chiefly to dishes decorated in green and in cream color. Floral designs are popu- lar. Attempts to push the modernistic designs continue to meet with resist- ance in most cities, but Chicago and Seattle are exceptions in this respect. ou ar eye ie oe TRILBY SOAP for —_ really clean hands New Jersey SE ER ES SE ee EN EN ee a a ae ee Eg eg ee eG EE rae 12 FINANCIAL Market Sentiment Improves With Loans Halved. With improved confidence in the market have come material rallies in prices this week from the The extent of the recovery is plainly exhibited in the Industrial stocks are up 30 points or 21 per cent. from the lows of stock November 13 bottoms. averages. nearly a month ago. The rails are up 15 points or 13 per cent. Public util- ity shares which fell furthest in the break have gained 62 points or 39 per cent. A visualization of where the market stands is helped by a com- parison of present with previous stock price levels. The rally has cut down substantially the time elapsed since current values prevailed in the market October-November Industrial. stocks now sell previous to the debacle. where they did in August, 1928 but we need go back only to April this year to find public utility shares as low as now and‘only to May to find the rails selling around présent levels. Perhaps the “most constructive de- velopment within the market in recent weeks has been the drastic adjustment in credits* so, strikingly portrayed by brokers’ October 16 brokers’ loans have been cut exactly in half. Then they were $6,800,000,000. Now $3.400,000,000. real faith in the techmical position of “loans. Since Here is basis for the stock market. Stock prices have been reduced to their average levels of October, 1928 but brokers’ loans have not been so low as now since Novem- ber. 1927. Indeed loans are within $989,000,000 of the very lowest level established since publication of the Re- serve compilation which was $2,403,- 000,060 in May, 1926. But these loan figures do not tell the full story. In some respects the favorable adjustment has not been so dramatic as they por- tray. For a more complete survey of what has transpired we must review them in conjunction with member bank loans on securities. Without minimizing the unquestion- ed adjustments of a highly construc- tive character revealed in the brokers’ loan reductions it must be confessed that similar reductions have not been made at the banks. Brokers’ loans in the last seven successive weeks since October 16 have shrunk $3,400,000,- 000,600 but the volume of member bank loans on securities stands almost precisely where it did on October 16. What this means is that the liquidation in brokerage house loans has proceed- ed very much more rapidly than the liquidation in bank loans to customers. It suggests even that bank loans to customers have been multiplied. That the whole market situation in credits has been strengthened nobody will question but a reflection on these facts is important for the man who is seek- ing an unbiased conclusion rather than attempting to emphasize simply the bullish implications of recent changes. From now on until Christmas day the expanding requests for currency will tend to tighten money but since the supply of funds so greatly exceeds the demand no flurry in rates is anti- cipated. With the approach of January the investment market is looking for-’ MICHIGAN ward to a revival of interest in bonds and preferred stocks such as it has not witnessed in recent years. The re- versal in Reserve policy and the re- lease of Stock Exchange funds has created a condition of ease in money certainly that differs from a year ago. Increasingly the market is exhibiting interest in the choicest investment vehicles. cipals, governments and quality cor- poration bonds are returning to favor. The extent of the decline in money rates and its duration is of course a matter dependent on business itself and one on which no final conclusions can now be reached. Paul Willard Garrett. [Copyrighted, 1929.] ——_>>. Business Foundations Declared Strong and Lasting. With the termination of distress liquidation in the stock market con- Short-term securities, muni- fidence in the business position has been distinctly broadened. Briefly the National City Bank of New York, in its December bulletin, makes this point by declaring that “as people have had opportunity to bring a calmer judgment to bear on what has transpired. they are coming to realize that the prosperity of the coun- try is not dependent upon the fluctua- tions of the stock market.” The bank does not say of course that fluctuations in the market have no bearing on business. That market panics of the sort recently witnessed affect both the psychological and pur- chasing power of people is well known. What the City Bank does emphasize is that such fluctuations are not the major shaping business and that “in the end the stock market must be guided by business and not business by the stock market. That is to say that if business gener- ally is sound—and the bank expresses that it is—then business influences in the belief should have no need to fear a serious or protracted depression.” It is interesting to note the differ- ences between the present and previous periods of great stock market declines set forth by the bank: “The essential fact, wherein the present differs from most periods of great stock market de- clines in the past, is that business itself is healthy and has not been in- volved in with the stock market—which means that an attack of acute indigestion in securi- ties, while it may cause business a se- vere headache, should not seriously cripple the patient. There is no col- lapse of commodity prices. There is no inventory problem. There is no breakdown of the banking system. There is no shortage of credit. There over-expansion are no great business failures, nor are there likely to be. Our great corpora- tions were never in better shape finan- cially, or from the standpoint of manu- facturing efficiency and skill of man- agement.” Certainly it is true that industry as never before is in a financial position to weather much heavier storms than now are anywhere threatened. Big earnings over several years of pros- perity have enabled bank borrowings to be reduced to a minimum. Bonded indebtedness has been cut down or re- December 11, 1929 TRADESMAN I> Dove up- on a time, you went to your banker for accommodation... now you go to him for service. And the whole evolution of banking, as con- ceived by the Old Kent, lies in that difference. Do you OLD KENT BANK a= know just how far the Old Kent goes to serve you? If you don’t, why not find out? An investiga- 14 OFFICES RESOURCES OVER $40,000,000.00 tion might prove lastingly profitable! DMO IFAM The Measure of a Bank ' The ability of any banking institution is measured by its good name, its financial resources and its physical equipment. Judged by these standards we are proud of our bank. It has always been linked with the progress of its Community and its resources are more than adequate. & GRAND RAPIDS SAVINGS BANK “The Bank Where You Feel At Home”’ 16 CONVENIENT OFFICES ee Seer ce GES IAT TE a acres stasis essa December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 13 tired and corporations, “instead of be- ing loaded with high priced goods and up to the hilt in debt, are lenders of funds in the money market.” Paul Willard Garrett. [Copyrighted, 1929.] ——_--2__- Loan Key Now in Bank Item. Liquidation in brokers’ loans has been so drastic in the last six weeks that whether to-night’s total is slight- ly up or down will not be regarded so significant as whether member bank loans on securities to be reported Tues- day will be up or down. Nobody denies the sweeping favor- able adjustment in brokers’ loans. Since October 16 the total has been cut in half. Loans to brokers and dealers placed by New York City banks since then have shrunk from $6,801,000,000 to $3,450,000,000. Yet as the Reserve itself points out this unprecedented drop in some respects is deceiving. It makes the picture a little brighter than the facts warrant when scrutin- ized. Actually the liquidation in loans has been almost entirely a liquidation in brokerage accounts. Member’ bank loans on securities stand about where they did on October 16. Indeed they stand slightly higher. What this means is that in the critical period un- der survey the banks presumably in- creased their loans to customers rather than decreased them. To the extent that bank loans to brokers were lower- ed bank loans to customers were ex- panded. It was natural for the banks to al- low their margins to run lower than did the brokers. After all bank loans are covered by specific notes making customers obligated for payments to the bank. Further the banks gener- ally felt an obligation to carry bur- dens for customers who maintain good deposits and give them other business. If the severe drop in brokers’ loans does not tell its own story it takes no very thorough canvass of the financial district to see that brokers have cut down their loans to the lowest level in a long time. If there be substantial frozen accounts presumably the banks now carry a larger proportion of these than brokerage houses. It will be illuminating in the weeks and months to come to watch the fluctuations in member bank loans on securities and to learn from them the disposition of the banks toward the loan item. Paul Willard Garrett. [ Copyrighted, 1929.] —_——_>-+__—_ Yields Are What Count Now. Yields were no great consideration with security purchasers in 1928 or the first ten months of 1929 but they are the major desideratum with careful buyers nowadays. A definite turn toward ease in money rates together with the sobered mar- ket psychology recently has induced investors to scrutinize the quality of issues going into their portfolios with greater care than at any time in late Up to early September indi- cated yields meant little. Possibilities for appreciation meant everything. Stocks were more attractive to most people at the peaks in September than years. bonds although at levels then prevail- ing stocks returned only 2.88 per cent. A yield of 4.77 per cent. was available from bonds. In the October and November mar- ket adjustments stocks came down and bonds up sufficiently to eliminate entirely the disparity between stock and bond yields. At the November 13 bottoms stocks once more were selling to yield more than bonds. Previous to this autumn stocks had not offered a more attractive yield than bonds since early 1928. Stocks now are up from their November 13 bottoms which means that they yield less than then. But bond prices simultaneously have fallen which means they yield more. Consequently stocks at 4.53 per cent. yield about the same as bonds at 4.65. From now on to the holidays the demands for currency will expand and exert a tightening influence on money. Temporarily that may offset the exist- ing influences that have been apparent in recent weeks and that helped to keep money cheap over the November 30 month-end period. Wall Street nevertheless approaches the holidays with a very different prospect than it enjoyed a year ago with regard to the trend in money rates. It looks forward to January with real confidence of distinct ease. Irrespective of what the trend will be between now and Christmas it antici- pates a comfortable money position for the months immediately ahead. Paul Willard Garrett. [Copyrighted, 1929.] + +. ____ A Business Man’s Philosophy. The trouble with real experts is that they are never quite sure of themselves. Imitation experts are always de- When you tell them what is wrong they profess to know cisive, certain. exactly what to do. * The reason why the quack expert is so cocksure is because of the demand for this type of advice and promise. We don’t like to pay fees to men who are unable quickly to solve our prob- lems. When we call an expert we want action. The effect of all this, of course, is the passing out of a lot of nonesense dignified by the title “expert advice.” The foremost qualification of a real expert is a mind open to new ideas and new knowledge. The real expert is never conscious of how much_ he knows; rather, he is conscious of how little he knows. The door should always be open to real experts. William Feather. —_—_22+2s—___ Make It Your Job. People buy with their eyes. How the thing looks is a big factor in making the sale. How do your green vegetables look? Do you wash them before you put them on display? Or do you let some slip in with the dirt still on them? Do you aim to keep them looking fresh while they are on display? Or do you get careless and let them look likewise. Yes, we know you are not the boss; but you'll be a boss some day if you do these things right. GRAND RAPIDS NATIONAL BANK Rt is: a Established 1860—Incorporated 1865 — GRAND RAPIDS NATIONAL COMPANY Investment Securities Affiliated with Grand Rapids National Bank Nine Community Branches L. A. GEISTERT & CO. Investment Securities GRAND RAPIDS — MICHIGAN 506-511 GRAND RAPIDS TRUST BUILDING Telephone 8-1201 Investment Securities E. H. Rollins & Sons Founded 1876 Phone 4745 4th Floor Grand Rapids Savings Bldg. GRAND RAPIDS Philadelphia Los Angeles New York Denver San Francisco Chicago London Boston 14 GREAT ASSETS. Acquirements Which Bring Largest Measure of Dividends. Many a man has valuable assets which he rarely counts in his reckon- ings and never places in his inventory. Thousands of men without coppers in their pockets are rich. A man with a good constitution, a good stomach, a regularly beating heart, good arms and legs and a fairly good headpiece, is rich. Good bones are better than gold, tough muscles than silver and nerves that flash fire at the direction of the more valuable than houses and lands. It is better than landed estate to have the right sort of parentage. Good breeds and bad breeds exist as really among men as among sheep and cattle. Education may do a lot, but it is money in the bank to inherit well balanced faculties. That man is rich who has a good dis- position, who is naturally kind, thoughtful, patient and hopeful and who has a sense of humor in his make- up. The hardest thing to get along with in this world is one’s own self. A cross, selfish fellow, a delicate, uncer- tain fellow, a desponding and complain- ing fellow—these are deformed on the inside. Even if their legs are good, they go limping through life. I will hastily run over a category of these I have called to your will are assets which attention. Good neighbors are wonderful pos- sessions, and if one is a good neighbor, he is not only a valuable asset to him- self but to his neighborhood; for a good neighbor begets good neighbors and among the most valuable posses- sions one can have is the neighborly spirit. Thoughtful friends I should place among the most valuable assets: a friend who is sympathetic with your ambitions in life, speaks kindly of your purposes, is thoughtful of you when you are in trouble, rejoices with you in your successes and is willing to give the kindly word or admonition in a way that shall not antagonize you and will make you feel that the counsel given is heart counsel and can be re- lied upon as the genuine stuff. What a wonderful asset is our five senses. We do not appreciate them until perhaps one of them is impaired in some way, but the satisfactions of life are largely connected with the alertness of our senses and we do well to think of them as among our choic- est possessions. Then there is that choice sense that I have called to your attention many times which I rate very highly and that is the sense of humor. How many rough places are made smooth by this gift, if we have it, and what a misfortune it is when one goes through this world without seeing the funny things in life and using them to bring joy and hope and pleasure into all sorts of activities as they come along. Among the conimonplace assets I would place a knowledge of our city. We belong here, we are interested in all the things that go on. If we can become intimately acquainted with the processes that are making our city a MICHIGAN good one, we can use them every day of our lives and make them valuable in adding to our pleasures and our usefulness as citizens. The love of nature and a desire to become acquainted with her ways can be counted upon as one of the happiest contributions to the joys of life, and really the joy that we put into life is what makes for the keenest satisfac- tions which can be brought to us. I would like to elaborate this and touch upon many delightful experiences we can have through the study of nature and the living things which add beauty and interest to life in this world; but this is an index rather than a com- pleted text. Home life finds its highest rank in the possessions of the human family. We see illustrations of its value in animal life from the ant to the ele- phant, but its intrinsic usefulness in commanding happiness finds its high- est expression in the home life of men and ‘women. I should expect each one of you to rank this among the very first of the great assets in this list. Sympathy, inspiration, ambition, good times and valuable opportunities are all attached to our home life and the making of it beautiful and sweet and full of joy is our most serious respon- sibility. We are not all made on the same pattern and we do not place the same emphasis upon our various acquire- ments, but it seems to me that we all appreciate very thoroughly the value of a sunny disposition. One who radiates joy and happiness and sun- shine has a possession that touches every appointment in life and is es- pecially valuable in our relationship with each other in the various activi- ties in which we are involved. While there are many other possessions | would like to suggest to you, I will close the list with one that makes a distinctive appeal to me and that is the fellowship with God. This touches upon religion as a factor in human life and it means a desire to understand the Creator of all things by learning, so far as our abilities will admit, the wonderful methods our Creator uses in the evolution of mankind, the acknowledgment that God is in all the processes of life and that we cannot get away from his influence and per- suasion, and that in everything that adds value and beauty to life we have not only the handwriting of omni- potence but the beneficence of infinity. Charles W. Garfield. 22s Give the Customer a Good Impression. When a customer wishes to purchase bulk cookies I always make it a point to give her a large sack and let her help herself, I find my customers buy more cookies in this way. They don’t take offense at this for they realize that after handling money and stock a grocer’s hands cannot be clean. _-—_»2 2 —___ Seeing Is Believing. A store manager uses this idea for speeding up the sales of canned to- matoes. He opens a can and pours the contents into a glass fruit jar. The jar is then sealed airtight and placed in the midst of his regular display of _.canned_ tomatoes. December 11, 1929 TRADESMAN Fact not sentiment governs the pay envelope. ; , Understand orders before starting to carry them out. The Toledo Plate & Window Glass Company Glass and Metal Store Fronts ‘ GRAND RAPIDS “te “t- MICHIGAN Always Sell LILY WHITE FLOUR “‘The Flour the best cooks use.”’ Also our high quality specialties Rowena Yes Ma’am Graham Rowena Pancake Flour Rowena Golden G. Meal Rowena Buckwheat Compound Rowena Whole Wheat Flour Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. VALLEY CITY MILLING CO. Grand Rapids, Mich. Phone 86729 Night Phone 22588 THE INVESTIGATING AND ADJUSTMENT CO., INC. COLLECTORS AND INSURANCE ADJUSTERS ' Fire losses investigated and adjusted. Bonded to the State of Michigan. : Collections, Credit Counsel, Adjustments, Investigations Suite 407 Houseman Building Grand Rapids, Michigan N Fenton Davis & Boyle Lavestment Bankers ay, Detroit Grand Rapids Chicago INVESTMENT SECURITIES We recommend the purchase of FEDERATED PUBLICATIONS, INC. 6% SECURED GOLD NOTES The “gegen a a acta Industrial Company eS \ Aecntisted with we us for i Union Bank of Michigan Grand Rapids, Michigan q GEO. B. READER i Resources over a ae ; aa _ i e, Ocean, Salt « $5,600,000. Smoked Fish e 1046-1048 Ottawa Ave., N., Tel. 93569 BS GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. i CHICAGO — GRAND RAPIDS ROUTE Merchant Freight Transportation with Store Door Delivery q Over Night Runs between Chicago and Grand Rapids DAILY SERVICE GRAND RAPIDS MOTOR’ EXPRESS General Offices 215 Oakes St, S. W., Grand Rapids, .> The Jokes on the Judges. Who said lawyers haven’t any sense of humor? They write two hundred pages on the history of a case and then call it a “brief.” Affiliated with 320 Houseman Bldg. The Michigan Retail Dry Goods Association Insuring Mercantile property and dwellings Present rate of dividend to policy holders 30% THE GRAND RAPIDS MERCHANTS MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY Grand Rapids, Mich. OUR FIRE INSURANCE POLICIES ARE CONCURRENT with any standard stock policies that you are buying ne Net Cots OO% Less Michigan Bankers and Merchants Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Fremont, Michigan WILLIAM N. SENF, SECRETARY-TREASURER FINNISH MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY Calumet, Michigan Organized for Mutual Benefit Insures Select Mercantile, Church, School and Dwelling Risks Issues Michigan Standard Policy Charges Michigan Standard Rates Saved Members 40 to 68% for 33 Years No Membership Fee Charged For Further Information Address FINNISH MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE CO. CaLuMET, MICHIGAN 16 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 NORTHERN MICHIGAN. Some Concessions She Needs From Southern Michigan. Most of the citizens of Michigan think of our commonwealth as one of our newest states and in many respects this is true. From a standpoint of history, however, it is far from the truth, for the same half century that saw Jamestown, New York, Boston, Quebec, etc., settled saw the outlines of Michigan fairly well explored. The next half century saw settlements at St. Ignace and the Soo, a few years before William Penn and his Quakers settled in Pennsylvania. The first explorers and settlers were French, coming to Northern Michigan by way of the St. Lawrence, Ottawa and French rivers, Georgian Bay to the Upper Great Lakes. The natural route by Lake Erie—the last of the Great Lakes to be discovered—was denied them, owing to the natural obstacle, Niagara Falls and rapids, the hostility of the Iroquois Indians and the English. Detroit was founded in 1701 or about thirty years after St. Ignace and the Soo. Thus we see the Northern part of the State is older than the Southern. It developed faster and was more im- portant for many years afer these first settlements for its fur trade. The numerous Indian villages and the friendship of the Indians, especially toward the French, made it more safe and profitable. Again the natural lay of the Great Lakes made a safe con- gesting point near the Straits, from which trade and exploration could be carried on. However, the growth of Michigan for a century and a half was destined to be slow, little headway being made. It-was too distant to be influenced to any great extent by the French and Indian war, although the entire State exchanged the tricolors of France for the Union Jack of England. The Pontiac war followed. During it five of the eight trading posts attacked were in Michigan, most of which fell. The Revolutionary war did not disturb our sparsely settled State much and when the war of 1812 came upon our ter- ritory it waS poor in money, weak in defense and so sparsely settled that the population of the State was less than that of our most sparsely settled county of to-day. Thus the explora- tions and settlements of over a cen- tury and a half did little except to lay the foundations of one of our greatest states. It is the natural wealth which I wish to touch upon, but I felt the early his- tory too important to overlook. It iS true that the State has had a very im- portant part in the history of this un- usual Nation. A visit to our National Capital convinces any person that our State has contributed its full share, and more, in wealth, in statesmen and sol- diers in times of need. Few of us realize the great part played by Mich- igan in the Civil War. I have been over many Southern battlefields and everywhere the men from Michigan showed in action the indominable “stuff” of which they were made. Our 24th infantry at Gettysburg lost 78 per cent. of its men, retreating only when relieved, with 113 men left. This was the heaviest loss in men of any regi- ment in the Civil War in any one bat- tle. Custer’s division, consisting of the Ist, 5th, 6th and 7th Michigan Cavalry, fought the hardest cavalry battle of the Civil War on our right flank at Gettysburg, when it defeated and turn- ed back the confederate cavalry. It was to these men that Custer said at the close of the war, “Your conduct as soldiers is not equaled in the annals of history. You have never lost a bat- tle or a color in all your engagements.” What wonder the people of Michigan feel so tenderly toward the thinning ranks of the G. A. R. They are the type of men who made Michigan great. They are the fathers and grandfathers of the thousands of boys who answer- ed the call to protect America in the last great struggle, and whose conduct was equally creditable and whose in- fluence we fully trust is to be largely felt in the years to come. The commercial side of our great State has not been as creditable or as patriotic. It has been too often gov- erned by selfishness, shortsightedness and a desire of politicians to forget justice and yield to the desire of a section where the votes are greatest on election day. It is true that for decades the desire of the people of the South, three or four tier of counties, have governed what was largely done for the entire State and in this we of the North have suffered. Our only consolation was to listen to the promises of politicians just before elec- tion, only to be forgotten as soon as it was over. seriously Few people in the Southern part of the State realize the great extent of Michigan territory and it might be well to say that our State is over 700 miles from Southeast to Northwest; that the Upper Peninsula contains one- third of the land mass; that it is longer East and West than the Lower Penin- sula is North and South; that its Southernmost point is South of Trav- erse City. In fact, Central Michigan is not around Mt. Pleasant, but be- tween Traverse City and Petoskey. It is true that from a point of popu- laion, wealth, taxes, etc., the Southern section is in power, but from whence came this great wealth? It is not en- tirely a product of the rich farms of the South. Where would manufaca- turing centers be or how long would they last were it not for the timber, iron, copper, etc., of the North? Would they exist? No. It is not beyond the memory of the oldest inhabitants, when Northern Michigan was rich—the heritage of nature. Its surface was covered with virgin timber—the finest pine and maple the world has ever known. It was dotted everywhere with lakes, surrounded by hills, whose smooth glossy surface shone like a mirror in the noonday sun. Our rivers, sparkled by series of rapids and pools from these beautiful sources, flowed toward the Great Lakes. Their waters teemed with fish of the finest variety. On hills and valleys roamed harmless wild life, characteristic only of our great North. Our forests were made merry with the songs of birds. The Upper Peninsula contained the richest natural resources the world has ever known. Her iron de- posits were beyond imagination of any modern Croesus—such a paradise of natural wealth greeted our first settlers. Where is it to-day? Gone and not to enrich the North. This wealth, our gift from nature, has gone to make possible and prosperous the cities of Southern Michigan and_ neighboring states. It made possible the great city of Detroit, with its automobile industry, Grand Rapids as a furniture center, and others whose future de- pended on this wealth. What have we in return—stumps, polluted streams, exhausted and worn out mines—in other words devastation. All this and by a people, some of whom glory in the wealth they enjoy, but begrudge a penny of their taxes to be returned to the place of devastation. Better days are ahead. Men of the Chase S. Osborn type who know and love the North, who see its beauty, know its possibilities and who can de- velop and keep the wealth of develop- ment with us, are taking the place of those who took and didn’t give. In- dustries dependent upon what is left to us are springing up in the North and being made to pay. Our streams and lakes are growing more like nature made them each year. Through travel and a better understanding of our needs some of our best statesmen be- gan to realize that a country always robbed cannot continue to prosper, and without prosperity it contributes little to the welfare of a State. Justice is creeping in. God made provisions that our sunshine and climate could not be taken from us. Our lakes and forests were robbed, but not destroyed. Time and a better understanding is proving our friend and we face the future with a courage that is born of a struggle and a determination to restore Northern Michigan to its former beauty, its wealth and a development along the lines that lead to the happiness of man- kind and enable him to make his con- tribution to civilization. In this our State must help. It cannot always take and never give. We are asking only a fraction of the wealth to be re- turned to us that was taken from us. We are asking that our citizens be given a fair and equal chance with the rest of the State and no statesman worthy of the name will continue to block the wheels of industry by ex- haustion, but will aid in repairing the damage done by restoring a commun- ity to its former self, thus aiding the channels through which our industry, wealth and civilization must flow. Our “cut-over” lands, not suitable for agriculture, should be reforested either by nature or with help at the earliest possible date. Laws should be passed for perpetuating and cutting these forests under a non-destructible system that will guarantee our indus- tries timber for all time to come. Mich- igan is a natural timber State. We can work best when we raise the crops nature fitted us for. Timber is too slow for man to raise for profit. It is a State obligation, as her industries profit through it. It will add to the State’s climate, rainfall, wealth, the restoration of her beautiful lakes and rivers, it will help to bring back the wild life we once enjoyed, and will bring thousands of tourists into our State to enjoy its beauty, its climate, as well as furnish a natural playground for the rapidly growing population of our great cities. Our wild life should be restored, our lakes should be aided in the rehabilita- tion of the finny beauties they once enjoyed. We are proud of and appre- ciate what our State is doing toward this end, but it is not gaining ground fast enough. We need more help, more and better protection. A spirit taught in our schools and to our inhabitants that it is wrong and unsportsmanlike to destroy wild life, except for lawful and just reasons, and that such animals as once inhabited our forests are assets of our State and must be protected. Our Great Lakes are one of the great food supply bases of this section of the United States, a source of much income to Michigan’s inhabitants. They need to be carefully controlled, not by politicians, but by someone with an understanding of the life of food fish in fresh water. We need roads and lots of them. This Northern region was first in hard surfaced roads but “how.” We bonded and built our own roads in most in- stances and are paying for these bonds to-day and will be fore years to come. Emmet county bonded for $400,000. Charlevoix laid most of its own con- crete at county expense. Other coun- ties did likewise. For nearly six years there was no concrete laid in Emmet county except through one or two vil- lages. The present administration has treated us better and Emmet county now has about fifteen miles of con- crete, about half of which was laid this year. Our county and others in the North and West Michigan rejoice in these good roads and if they continue they will do more to add wealth to this region than any other man-given item. It will bring thousands of peo- ple from other states here to spend their summer, enjoy our climate and scenery, spend their money, build sum- mer homes, help to furnish local mar- kets for our farmers and trade at our business houses. This region, too, has portation. poor trans- Good roads may furnish the practical means of restoring our for- mer population through a trucking sys- tem that will gather perishable fresh products of our farms such as milk, dairy products, fruit, poultry, etc., and deliver them over night to our large consuming centers. The North thas countless acres of ‘wasted pastures which are ideal for dairy products. I know of one cider mill using about 1,000 bushels of apples per day that usually hauls them from 100 to 200 miles and thus keeps going each year. This is but one example of what good roads mean to a State. The question of education is serious in places in the North. Perhaps 50,000 people have left the Northern third of the Lower Peninsula in the last twenty-five years for the high wages of the commercial centers. Farms, villages and even cities have declined in population, taxes have become high- ae ae December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 17 er and in many villages run from $25 to $50 on a $1000 valuation. Some rural communities can only collect parts of the tax spread and run short of funds before the school year ends. These children when educated go to the cities to spend their lives’ construc- tive work and add to the wealth of those communities, after we have edu- cated them in competition with chil- dren who were raised and educated on a tax rate for less. Ask yourself if it is fair that a boy be educated in Ham- tramck on a $2 per $1,000 valuation and in Bellaire on $50 per $1,000 valua- tion, and both become a part of Michi- gan’s life and assets. If education is a part of a state’s necessity it is part of a state charge. I strongly favor the principles of the Turner bill, as it is the first light of day on this subject. The higher education of Michigan is one sided. About 95 per cent. of Mich- igan’s expenditure for colleges is in the South three tier of counties. Mt. Pleasant is closer to the Indiana line than the Straits of Mackinaw. The distance from Mt. Pleasant to Mar- quette is nearly 400 miles or about the same as from Grand Rapids to Buffalo. This vast region has no higher seats of learning than a high school, and yet the child of the North is as good and should be treated as well and given the same opportunities as the child of the South. Of course, the great ma- jority of college presidents, professors, etc., and the people of the cities where our colleges are situated will oppose this, because they like the students we send to keep their numbers up, to keep salaries up, to pay room rent, board, etc. That is unfair and selfish. It is safe to say that our city of 5,000 peo- ple spends in the cities of Southern Michigan from $35,000 to $50,000 per year in higher education. That is the old story of “to him that has shall be given” and we must expect opposition, but justice demands some relief for this condition in this section of Michigan. We need a college North instead of continually enlarging those further South. These are but a few of the ways in which our people, as a whole, should work together to insure development, promote harmony, wealth, happiness, equality, justice, confidence and a spirit that will lead to a greater common- wealth. Let us give every section of Michigan an even chance and let us begin now. John A. Lake. Petoskey, Mich. —_—_~» 2. >___ Overlooked Mentioning It. A lawyer returned home after an important case in which he had been defending a man charged with murder. “What was the vehdict?” asked his wife. “He was acquitted,” beamed the young lawyer. “Wonderful! How did you manage that?” “Insanity was the defense,” he ans- wered. “I proved that his father had spent five years in a lunatic asylum.” “But he hadn’t, had he?” “Oh, yes, he had!” said the lawyer. “He was a doctor there, but I saw no reason to bring that out.” FORTY-SIX YEARS AGO. How Mills and Parmenter Took the Hastings Drive. About a half century ago the writer entered the service of Shepard & Hazeltine, druggists of Grand Rapids, as traveling salesman in the Western and Central part of the State under the tutelage of Henry B. Fairchild, one of the best posted drug buyers and salesmen in the Middle West and one of the most loyal friends He had a most re- markable memory and could at once wholesale I ever possessed. quote the list, discount or net price on nearly all of the seven thousand items in a wholesale drug catalogue. In company with Frank Parmenter, salesman for Barnhart & Putnam Co., ally allowed Frank to drive them, very much to his liking. They were one of the greatest pair I ever rode behind. After going six or eight miles an hour all day in the heavy fall and spring roads, they would run away, going from the hotel where we stayed over night, to the stable, if they had a chance. When we first drove this team they were five and six years old, and twelve and thirteen when we made our last trip with them, and we still called them the ‘‘colts.” Our first day out, Tuesday, we drove to Freeport, Sunfield and Bonanza, the home of Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Miner, for the night. Mr. Stowe recently paid a most de- serving tribute to this very excellent Lloyd M. Mills. we would leave Grand Rapids every fourth Monday morning on the early Michigan Central train for Middleville, doubling back to Caledonia, then take the afternoon train to Nashville and back on the evening train to Hastings. Next morning, after making Hast- ings, we took a bay span of rangy roadsters, half brothers, which Nell Parker, the hotel and livery man at Hastings, always reserved for our four day trip out of there. Frank was an excellent horseman, owning a very fine pacer of his own. Nell usually sent his own driver with the “colts,” as we called them, but as he knew that Frank, before he slept would have the Barry and Ionia county mud all cleaned off them and that he. would see to it that they were well cared for, he occasion- “couple in his Out Around, but I can truthfully record that their home was one of the very few places traveling men drove long and late through the fall and winter storms to reach in or- The beds were restful, the food was home cooked and palatable and, above all, an air of hearty hospitality always prevailed. As I could play gospel hymns on the organ and Frank had a good tenor voice, every fourth Tuesday night we there, the neighbors came in, filled the house, and all joined heartily in the familiar Moody and Sankey hymns which everyone knew in those days. On one of the trips we had a voung man as driver who was from Indiana. Frank dubbed him “the Hoosier” and introduced him to Mr. der to spend the night. were and Mrs. Miner by that name. After we had sung for some time, Mr. Miner, in his dignified manner, always sug- gested we all rise and sing the dox- ology, which we did most heartily. This was succeeded by a few moments of quiet, when Mrs. Miner said, “Mr. Hoosier, you have taken no part in the singing. We will ask you to pronounce the benediction.” smilingly Reverently bowing his head, in a good strong voice, he offered one of the finest invocations I ever heard, to the great surprise of everyone present. The next day, while Frank and I were busy with our customers at Hoyt- ville, he took a shot bag out of the buggy with $18 in silver we had col- lected, walked across four miles to Mulliken and caught a freight train to Detroit.. We later learned he was a minister’s “bad boy.” At first we thought we would wire ahead to arrest him, but Frank, who always looked on the bright side of things, said, “No, let him go and be thankful he didn’t take the horses.” The second day out, we made Shay- ton,- Woodland and back to Hastings. Speaking of Woodland reminds me of the only breach in our companionship which ever occurred. About two miles East of Woodland, there is a marsh about one mile across by the road, and in the spring and fall freshets, this road was covered with about a foot of water and cakes of ice and the road was with no chance to pass another team or turn round. narrow, On one of our trips during the spring break-up, we had reached the center of the marsh, where there was a bridge about eight feet long and ten feet wide. We found the planks had floated off the stringers and were held by the bushes on the side of the road. We finally decided the only thing to do was for one of us to un- dress and get out in the ice water, re- place the planks and load them down with stone, and as Frank was kept busy holding the horses in the cold water and floating ice, it was up to me to do the wading act. Frank said, “You are a Baptist and not afraid of water,’ so I disrobed and got the planks back in place and loaded down with rocks, and,Frank drove over the bridge all right. Instead of picking me up, he started the team on a run to the end of the marsh, and sat calm- ly waiting until I had waded across in my nature’s garb. While nearly freezing outside, I was boiling intern- ally and, to add insult to my injury, he told what he had done to me at the supper table at the hotel that evening, but when he was bidding me goodbye when I was leaving for Oregon sev- eral years later, he took my hand in both of his and said, “Max, old pal, I have always tried to play fair with you and be a true friend, and the only time I feel I did not was when I made you wade in that muddy water and ice through the Woodland marsh, and I want you to forgive me for that,” which I had freely done years before. Lloyd M. Mills. —_»+~-+—___ Use your brain for thoughts, not for dreams, 18 DRY GOODS Michigan Retail Dry Goods Association. President—F. H. Nissly, Ypsilanti. First Vice-President — G. E. Martin, Benton Harbor. Second Vice-President—D. Mihlethaler, Harbor Beach. Secretary-Treasurer — John Richey, Charlotte. Manager—Jason E. Hammond. Lansing. Tea Gown in Ivory White. A really royal gift is such an ex- quisite tea gown as the one sketched, from Louise Boulanger. It is of ivory white lavishly trimmed with cream-colored Alencon lace, and fol- lows the lines of formal frocks in its fitted bodice, long trailing skirts. satin, peplum draperies and Equally charming is a pajama ensemble from Lelong, in which trousers and peplum blouse of matched to a_ full- skirted coat of velvet, bordered with Vicnnet interprets this mode with a characteristically graceful tea- gown pajama of flat crepe and velvet, the flowing pleated sleaves of the tuck-in blouse matching the pleated trousers which fall like a skirt to the From Alexandre comes a for- green satin are mole. ankles. mal negligee of flame-colored chiffon on princess lines, the back appliqued with the same material in sunburst ef- fect, the skirt ending in a train and the sleeves loose and flowing. Excellent for one who travels much are the Vionnet pajamas which have full trousers of claret-col- ored crepe satin and a slip-on over- blouse of beige satin with border and sash of the red and reversible scarf in beige and wine color. This garment does not muss, may be adjusted in a moment and is as practical as it is smart. More suited to the boudoir are the pale green satin pajamas, with elaborate trimming of beige lace, whose lines suggest a Russian costume. The unusual blouse, bordered with the lace, buttons high at the neck, and the three-quarter coat and wide trousers also have deep pointed borders of Alen- con. A most frivolous and feminine costume! lovely —_++.>___ Tiny Travel Clocks and Watches. Some people, especially women, re- sent the idea of a “useful” Christmas present, furnishing for “the house”, or something that would necessarily be provided anyway, but novelties some- what in this line are ‘being offered that will make acceptable gifts to any one, even though they may be serviceable as well. These are diminutive clocks either to stand on the dressing table, to be worn or carried. One of un- usual beauty forms the pendant on a brooch of long, graceful flower design, set with baguette diamonds. The face of the pendant is all of the jewels, a tiny watch forming the back. Many other less splendid and less costly ornaments that hold somewhere in their architecture a tiny but reliable watch are to be had in the new styles of precious and semi-precious stones and enamel. A miniature clock ap- pears on the tower of a church in a European village, painted on porcelain, with the figure of a Cupid hammering arrow on his anvil. The colors on this trifle are particularly lovely, and the paintings show various picturesque scenes. MICHIGAN Gold watches the shape of a nut covered with leather are attached to a short leather strap. These are easy to slip into the pocket or bag. Little snap watches the size of a postage stamp are enclosed in enameled cases to carry in one’s purse. ———_.-~2 > Styles in Fans. No woman is likely to regret the gift of one of the new fans which are among the accessories that have come in with a more stately style of dress. The lace fans are unusually lovely and of fine quality. One is of black Chan- tilly on slender sticks of tortoise shell of unique shape, much longer in the middle. A fan of white chantilly is mounted on amber sticks, and several equisite models are of rose point on sticks of mother-of-pearl. Fans of stiffened maline—introduced two years ago — are shown in new forms, like large blossoms, in delicate shades to harmonize with evening gowns. Small, exquisitely dainty fans that suggest the Watteau period are painted on gauze, and others flash and glisten, with the surface covered with spangles caught with a single thread. An up-to-date ensemble in accessories is a fan of black velvet matching a very small muff designed by Jean Patou, and a number of the new fans are made of velvet in different colors. —_+--+ Predict Diamond Shortage Here. Predictions of an important scarcity of desirable diamonds in this market during the early part of 1930 are now heard on every side. They are based on the stoppage of cutting in European diamond centers for the American mar- ket, due to the possibility of lower du- ties on cut stones in the new tariff. Importers here are holding off pur- chases for the same reason, which has had a material effect on activities at Antwerp and Amsterdam. In this con- nection it was pointed out that re- duced cutting there for American con- sumption has little direct tie-up with the break in Wall Street, to which some published reports have attributed it. Operations there began to slow down appreciably as far back as Sep- tember. Stocks of good stones here are low. —__.-2-———— Enter More Satin. Satin, high in favor abroad for un- derthings, has become popular in this country because of its soft and supple quality, which makes it excellent for wear under the new clinging frocks. Ivory white and French pink are the leading colors, which are usually seen in combination with beige Alencon lace. Slips, chemises and nightgowns follow the new princess lines, the slip and chemise being backless for eve- ning wear. Nightgowns frequently have belts and show skirts with cir- cular godets, or pleated side sections, shorter in the front, and sometimes they descend in a train at the back. A very attractive new fashion is the matching of the nightdress to a short bed-jacket or “matinee,” which trans- forms the costume into a negligee. ee Some people are so hopelessly sol- emn that any sign of gayety in others seems to hurt them. TRADESMAN Typewriter Sales Lower. Sales of typewriters and other ma- chines for office use are showing their usual year-end slowing up, and indica- tions are that there will be some fall- ing off in the month’s business, in comparison with last December. Just what the new year will bring is prob- lematical, but there is agreement that sales effort during the early months of 1930 will have to be greater than in the same period this year to produce similar results. Sales of typewriters, in particular, have fluctuated to such an extent in past years as to be a good barometer of business and, because of this, purchases by commercial houses during the first quarter of 1930 will be watched with interest. A Greens Ranked as Color Leaders. Greens are ranked as of first im- portance in high fashion colors for next spring in a survey issued by Cheney Brothers. The favored greens, according to this corporation, will be blue in cast, replacing the yellow greens of past seasons. Beiges are rated next, with particular attention accorded the rose, rust and yellow tones. Reds are given third place, ranging from a true pink to the deep hue named Basque rose. Orchids are described as the logical successors to the dahlia family, so popular during the fall. Blues continue to retain their vogue, with prominence given those of a purple or gray shading. Bright shades lead for evening. ooo Spring Shoe Buying Gains. Buying of women’s shoes for spring is now beginning to gain headway. In- dications are that January selling wa- tersnake types will be in active de- mand in trimmed pump and_ strap models. While watersnake is _ held likely to do particularly well for the spring season, the belief in some quar- ters is that this leather will not equal its extreme: popularity of recent seas- ons. Kid in the lighter shades of brown is expected to come forward for February and March in both pump and strap styles. Beige tones and greens are also weli regarded. The indications point to a big white season beginning with Easter. —_—__+ +. Retail Jewelers Optimistic. Reports received from important re- tail jewelers in several of the most important “key” cities of the country indicate a normal November business in spite of the unsettling influences that developed during the month. All signs indicate business during Decem- ber will at least equal last year’s. Had it not been for disturbing develop- ments outside of the trade holiday sales would doubtless have reached levels approximating those of 1919. Reports on local trade, while less opti- mistic in some respects, tell of ad- vance Christmas buying which is not far behind that of last year at this time. —_—_+~-2____ Christmas Hardware Trade Better. Active buying of Christmas tree sets was under way in the hardware trade this week. Orders placed by retailers are in slightly less volume than they were last year and a trend toward the December 11, 1929 cheaper sets is evident. Although or- ders are being filled without difficulty now, jobbers are fearful that late buy- ing by retailers will cause a jam of orders later this month and make de- liveries uncertain. Trade in general was brisk this week. The call for seasonal goods continued at a good level and the snow storm which blan- keted this district moved large stocks of shovels and ice choppers. ———_> 2-2 _____ Handbag Worth $7,500. Despite the talk of consumer economy to result from the stock mar- ket crash, completion of a handbag worth $7,500 at retail was reported during the week by a New York hand- bag manufacturer. The bag ordered by the wife of a Chicago millionaire, has a six-carat diamond set in its lift lock. Around the frame are set 125 baguette and 63 round diamonds, to- gether with 97 onyx stones. The in- terior purse contains a platinum back mirror with diamond bar handle. The bag itself is of highest grade black antelope and is fashioned in the hlack- strap style. —_——_++ 2 Green To Feature Spring Pottery. Green again will predominate in the coloring of pottery when manufactur- ers present their spring lines next month. Most of the fall business has been booked on this color and they expect it will prove even more popular for the garden pieces which will feat- ure the spring offerings. Fall and holiday business on vases, bowls and other interior pieces has proved sat- isfactory. There have been few can- cellations during recent weeks and the volume is expected to run ahead of last year by a small percentage. ———o + > —___- Earlier Rug Advances To Govern. Wilton and axminster rug price ad- vances announced Dec. 16 will be in line with those which other manufac- turers quoted at the previous floor covering opening on Nov. 6. Hard sur- faced floor coverings are expected to advance at the coming opening, but no estimates on increases are yet avail- able. A large number of rug and carpet buyers have been in the market this week, but are placing little busi- ness. The majority are said to be studying the market in preparation for the opening. _——-o so Sik Shirts Holding Gain. Although it was feared that the stock market decline would seriously affect the increased demand noted this season for silk shirts, reassuring reports have reached wholesalers. Business in this merchandise according to all indica- tions will still be ahead of last year. The gain will not be large, but is ex- pected to be sufficient to take care of the increased production without sub- stantial carryover. Retailers stocks are not heavy in any case, it was said, and some orders are coming through even at this late date. +22 Half the world’s troubles, political, business and personal, result from mis- understanding. Taking the time to sit down and talk it over has saved nations the security of their peoples; employers the confidence of their work- ers, and men the loyalty of friends, December 11, 1929 SHOE MARKET Michigan Retail Shoe Dealers Association President—Elwyn Pond. V ce-President—J. E. Wilson. Secretary—E. H. Davis. Treasurer—Joe H. Burton. Asst. Sec’y-Treas.—O. R. Jenkins. Association Business Office, 907 Trans- portation Bldg., Detroit Profit Lies in Holding Shoe Cus- tomers. This business of selling shoes does not end the sale of shoes. It merely begins there. with Holding a cus- tomer is more important than gaining It costs considerable money— spent in advertising, display and other items—to gain a customer, but necessarily to hold him or her. your profit lies in holding them. one. not So This being the case, why should not the objective of retail shoe salesman- ship be the customers’ prolonged satis- faction with the shoes rather than merely immediate satisfaction? True, immediate satisfaction is essential to the immediate sale. But prolonged satisfaction is essential to the re-sale. You may please customers with be- coming styles. You may take pains to fit them properly. You may give excellent values. “And,” you may ask, “what more can I do?” The the proper care of the shoes they buy. A look at the condition of their old shoes answer is: Teach them will convince you that most customers need such information, Only a very small percentage of the public use shoe trees. If they but knew their value, they practically all trees ,and many a would use through this cause alone dissatisfied cus- tomer would have been well satisfied and would have been held instead of lost by the dealer who sold him his last pair of shoes. Many people put wet shoes on or very close to a hot radiator or stove and leave them there until they dry out and curl up. Warn them this or your prestige will be through it. Some don't horn or open the laces against injured use a shoe out enough when putting low shoes on, with the result that their weight comes down on the tops of the quarters, causing wrinkles there and possibly breaking the counters in time. When old shoes show this misuse, suggest the remedy. The best of leather may take on a gummy appearance through the use of too much polish. Some of the cheaper pastes contain ingredients that tend to dry the leather. It is well sure that the customers are supplied with the proper cleaning and polishing creams for the shoes they buy. It is the part of good merchandising for you your salesfolk become thor- oughly posted on creams and the proper recommendations, which al- so might cover the method and means of applying the creams. One source of dissatisfaction shoes is the way they deteriorate when not in use. If put away in a neat shoe cabinet they would keep in better re- pair and be clean and ready for use when wanted. Also, they be out of the housewife’s way when clean- ing bedrooms and clothes closets. Why to make to have make with would not recommend shoe cabinets, too A very popular peeve is the breaking shoe lace, which often brings down some MICHIGAN left-handed blessings on the head of the poor shoeman. Folks should al- ways have some extra laces on hand. Ladies could carry them in their hand- bags. Give extra laces with shoes. These and other items related to the care of shoes should be brought to the attention of each most instances shoe customer. In and in That will make the immediate sale bigger and the re- sale surer.—Shoe Recorder. some, some cases all, can be sold. >>> Small Glassware Orders Best. Orders sent in by retailers in small towns and cities are proving the back- bone of the volume business being done this season by manufacturers of metal Stocks in stores in the large centers of pop- ulation are not moving with custom- ary speed and reorders are limited. Aside from meeting last-minute re- quests for merchandise, manufacturers are now giving their attention to spring lines which will be opened early in January. According to reports, ferings will feature pewter in a wide variety of items, and crystal will be given more prominence in most of the metal-mounted pieces for table use. ——_» + 2. —____ Oil Cloth For Lamp Shades. Promotion of the use of oil cloth for lamp shades has been undertakekn by the trade a means of increasing sales of material. Modernistic patterns featured in the cloth brought out for this purpose. General sales of oilcloth have proved satisfactory this fall. In purchases for kitchen consumers’ preferences have run to solid colors and to material bearing modernistic floral patterns. The use of oilcloth for kitchen and bath- room window curtains is reported on the increase. Patterns with large flor- al motifs are preferred for these pur- poses. mounted glassware novelties. of- as that have been use, ———— Trade in Expensive Lamps Slow. Manufacturers of high price lamps, smoking stands and other gift items of the home furnishing type have ex- perienced a sharp reduction in busi- ness since the Wall street crash. Re- orders which usually provide the bulk of the business at this time of year, dropped off immediately after the slump. There have been few cancel- lations but this is regarded as slight comfort since the earlier commitments were for small lots. Better business is hoped for in January, as it is believ- ed that many of the stores will be forced to buy because of depleted stocks. +2 Glove Shortage Growing Acute. The present scarcity of women’s better-grade imported gloves is the greatest since the war. In lines re- tailing from $3.50 up it is practically impossible to get deliveries on black suede and glace kid gloves, and to only a slightly lesser extent is this true of brown suedes and gilaces. Slip- on styles in both types are particularly scarce. Among the reasons advanced the shortage are labor troubles in France, Germany and Belgium and failure of buyers in the country to place satisfactory advance orders. TRADESMAN 19 WE ARE AT YOUR SERVICE You will find We carry the most complete line of Shoe Store and Repair Supplies in Michigan LACES — POLISH — INSOLES LEATHER — NAILS — RUBBER HEELS — ETC. When sizing in on children’s shoes Try our high grade line ‘‘Benkco-Kicks’’ BEN KRAUSE CO. - Grand Rapids, Mich. MIcHIGAN SHOE DEALERS MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE CO. MUTUAL PROGRESS CASH ASSETS ee $ 460.29 Ee es 7,191.96 2... 85,712.11 7... 151,393.18 ee... 200,661.17 Meanwhile, we have paid back to our Policy Holders, in Unabsorbed Premiums, $380,817.91 for Information write to L. H. BAKER, Secretary-Treasurer LANSING, MICHIGAN pl Savs-— "The world owes a living only to the man who earns it, hence a lot of people are getting head over heels in debt.” KVP DELICATESSEN PAPER has a wonderful earning power. The many uses and protective qualities of this sheet will actually earn money for the user. If by the quality of this sheet and the service we give you, we do not earn the right to ask for your business, we have no right to expect it. KALAMAZOO VEGETABLE PARCHMENT CO. KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN 20 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 RETAIL GROCER Retail Grocers and Meat Dealers Associa- tion of Michigan. President —-.A. J. Faunce,- Harbor Springs. First Vice-President—G. Vander Hoon- ing, Grand Rapids. second Vice-President — Wm. Schultz, Ann Arbor. Secretary — Herman Hanson, Grand Rapids. Treasurer—J. F. Tatman, Clare. Trustees—O. H. Bailey, Lansing; M. C. Goossen, Lansing; Grover Hall, Kalama- zoo; O. L. Brainerd, Elsie; Ole Peterson, Muskegon. How To Figure Costs With Absolute Safety. “Please write us some brass tacks stuff,” writes a Michigan merchant. “We want to know how to figure costs, price goods and all that.” I am thus reminded that, in merchandising, this is the old, old story which is ever new=just as heart interest is ever the central theme of a good novel. So here goes and I expect to keep to this general theme for several weeks. “How to figure costs” seems very elementary, yet I know certain phases of it are puzzl._ng to merchants. Hence let us go over it. Cost is what? Let us get a plain definition. Cost is what merchandise has entailed in money expenditure actual, plus potential—to get it into the store, ready to sell. Certain goods are landed in your show case, ready for you to hand out. Bread is one item. Yeast is another. Neither entails any expense directly. All that we have in mind here is what- ever portion of general expense is ac- tually entailed in the rehandling of it. Hence, in these cases, cost is cost; that is, what you pay for the goods is complete cost. Certain other items are laid on your sidewalk by the jobber or manufactur- er. Those items must be regarded carefully. You must think what special cost they entail through being taken into the store, perhaps lowered into the basement or otherwise put away for keeping. Determine as accurately as possible what such costs amount to, figuring actual time taken on the aver- age and the cost of labor. Add such percentage to your invoices to play safe. Do not worry that this takes time. In relation to any item or class of items—such as soap by the box, can- ned vegetables by the case—the study has to be gone over once. Thereafter you add the predetermined percentage without further thought or figuring, unless and until for some good reason you modify or change it. For it must always be remembered that change is constant. Nothing stands still. Any time you may get a hint or suggestion which will show the wisdom of chang- ing some of the factors of cost or of figuring those factors a different way or from a new angle. Other items are laid on the floor of your shipping or receiving room by the seller. On such items you must figure the expense of putting where they will be permanently stored until brought forward for sale. Such figur- ing, by the way, will always lead you to reflect that every move costs money, that goods are most economically handled when they are handled but once. Therefore, the best merchan- dising is that which as closely as pos- sible approaches the single movement. This last means that any item which is put directly into its final resting place on your shelves—the place from which it is sold—is in the ideal state of handling for greatest economy and consequently most liberal net profit. Herein we have an illuminating side- light on the factor of rapid stockturn. From this we learn the value of short purchasing, selling and repurchasing as close to the dead line of being out of stock as possible. Such are some of the valuable by- products of accurate cost accounting. Still other items are landed at your freight station, transportation paid or allowed. Such goods must be brought to your store and the carrying of them costs money. It is a curious thing that if a merchant pays a drayman to do this work, he regards it as expense; but if he has his own truck stop for the goods, he is apt to disregard any charge, as if he thereby got the haul- age free. But the correct way is to charge against those goods exactly what it would cost you to have them hauled by another. If you sidestep this, if you disregard it, you fool nobody but your- self. I know that self-fooling is about the most popular indoor sport among merchants, but it is not a profitable pastime, despite its popularity. I ad- vise you not to fall for it. Take it as axiomatic that there is no motion without cost. Ascertain that cost as accurately as possible and add it to your invoices. When in doubt, add just a fraction more as a_ Safe- guard. What shall such fractions be? Well, assume that you have all costs, plus incoming expenses, down pretty fine; but there is yet an element not cover- ed. How much shall you add? Add, my friend, what may be reasonably sufficient, but not more. Herein you will have revealed to you the value of percentage computation, because esti- mates of this kind are best figured in percentages. Let us say it is canned white cher- ries. On those let us also say that you are allowed enough to cover swells. But allowances of this kind are de- ceptive, especially where the goods come from out of town because the cost of adjustment, the time involved, often makes it more economical to charge a percentage into costs and take your own loss. Further, if after you have so figured you still do re- ceive your allowance, consider that then as extra profit. That is another way of playing safe, and that is good practice provided it is not carried too far. One of the most valuable things one can learn from such accurate and exact figuring is the potency of a small percentage, yet how little figure it cuts in prices; and yet again how the need- ful advance may alter the price of single packages very greatly. Assume, for example, an item on which your cost reaches $1.60 per dozen. Assume it is one on which you want 33% per cent. margin so that your sale price is—or rather would be —$2.40 per dozen or 20c per can, if (Continued on page 31) CANDY FOR Christmas Mixtures — Chocolate Drops and Specialties LOWNEY’S Box Chocolates PUTNAM FACTORY NATIONAL CANDY Co., INC. CHRISTMAS 7 Cream Mixes GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. ASSOCIATED TRUCK LINES The Outstanding Freight Transportation Line of Western Michigan. State Regulation means Complete ASSOCIATED TRUCK LINES Phone 93401 108 Market Av.. Grand Rapids, Mich. Protection. In More Homes Everyday RAaLSOM y America’s Finest Bread & NEWS HOLSUM has so consistent- ly improved in quality that the housewife has no incen- tive to bake at home. SANCTUM BAKORIUM . \\ You won’t be bothered with stale biscuit if you order in smaller lots more frequently The policy of ‘““Uneeda Bakers” is to supply you with fresh biscuit as you need them—and not to over-stock you. It means more business for you because it makes satisfied customers. NATIONAL BISCUIT COMPANY “Uneeda Bakers” / jE nt RARE cate December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN MEAT DEALER Michigan State Association of Retail Meat Merchants. President—Frank Cornell, Grand Rapids Vice-Pres.—E ®. Abbott, Flint. Secretary—E. J. La Rose, Detroit. Treasurer—Pius Goedecke, Detroit. Next meeting will be held in Grand Rapids, date not decided. Meat Fit For Food Certified. The Federal meat inspection is one of the well-established functions of the Government designed primarily to in- sure the healthfulness of meats and meat-food products that enter into interstate and foreign trade. The ser- vice is administered through the Bu- reau of Animal Industry of the United States Department of Agriculture, and in its modern form dates back to the well-known meat-inspection law of 1906 and subsequent amendments. Briefly, all animals offered for slaugh- ter at inspected establishments are ex- amined both before and after slaughter and all products later resulting from the slaughter, such as canned and cured meats, sausage, etc., are subject to the same rigid inspection as the live animals and carcasses on the killing floors. This reinspection work guards against the use of harmful dyes and preservatives, and prevents the use of false or labels. misleading statements on Inspected establishments are those that have been authorized to operate under the law and are subject to the regulations of the department. Before they are allowed to operate, such es- tablishments must submit plans and specifictions required by the regula- tions. All meat and products emanat- ing from an inspected establishment are inspected regardless of the portion that enters interstate trade. Meat inspection is also a factor of importance in the detection of animal diseases in various parts of the coun- try. When contagious disease is dis- covered at the inspection of the live animals, its origin can often be traced back to the farm whence the animals came and thus steps can at once be taken to prevent its spread. In recent years the Federal inspec- tion of meat has been conducted at be- tween 800 and 900 establishments, lo- cated in more than 250 cities and towns throughout the country. During the last 10 years the number of animals inspected has averaged more than 70,- 000,000 each year. These animals furnished approximately 12,000,000,000 pounds of dressed meat and lard an- nually. Large as the above figures are, they do not represent the entire meat pro- duction of the United States. About one-third of the total production is not Federally inspected. This portion orig- inates on farms and in the smaller wholesale and retail establishments that trade within their own state boun- daries. Some of this meat, however, is inspected by state and local authori- ties. The Federal meat inspection is eco- nomically administered. The annual cost, including all expenditures of the service, is close to 6 cents per animal. Considered from the standpoint of the meat output, the cost is about 3 cents per 100 pounds. The official mark of inspection, com- monly known as the little purple stamp, is placed on the various cuts of fresh meat. The legénd, ‘“U. S. Inspected and Passed,” or an abbreviation there- of, is also found on other meat prod- ucts, such as canned and packaged goods, that pass Federal inspection. Any meat or product which is not wholesome at the time of inspection is condemned, of course, and suitably disposed of under supervision of the inspectors. Dr. John R. Mohler, Chief Bureau of Animal Industry. 22. __ Good Tip For Fresh Meat Dealers. The housewife should always un- wrap meat, advises the National Live Stock and Meat Board, before placing it in the refrigerator. When the meat is wrapped up at the shop a certain amount of air is inclosed in the paper This air is the same temperature as the air in the shop. If the paper is not removed the cold air of the refriger- ator is prevented from reaching the meat. Consequently the meat spoils. Since the housewives are prone to blame the meat dealer when their meat spoils, it is not a bad idea for the butcher to pass on this information to his customers. —_.+- + —__—_ Display Meat on Platters. “Keep your meat carcasses out of sight,” advises an Eastern grocer who operates a meat department. “There is nothing appetizing about a side of beef hanging in a store,” he adds, “so I cut the carcass and display choice individual cuts on clean platters, nicely garnished, in a refrigerator dis- play case. This is modern merchan- dising.” This food merchant further believes housewives are not impressed with the purity of meat bought in a store where it is seen dangling from hooks or gathering dust and flies on the chop- ping block. —_+ ~~. ___ Sale of Donkey Meat Sausage Author- ized. Among the many peculiar articles of diet available in foreign countries is sausage made of donkey meat. The sale of such sausage was recently au- thorized by government authorities in Constantinople, Turkey, provided the product is properly labeled. The health authorities investigated reports regarding the new sausages and decided there was nothing un- wholesome about them but that it should be better etiquette if their chief component were specified. _———oo oa One Suggests the Other. A large solid cleanly-trimmed head of cabbage, placed in the middle of a pan of fresh corned beef on the meat counter, will greatly increase the sale of these items. ——_+-.___— As a Substitute. When I run out of parsley, I find that the green tops from carrots are very serviceable in decorating the meat counter. —_+++>—___ Why So Many Oysters? An oyster met an oyster And they were oysters two. Two oysters met two oysters And they were oysters, too. Four oysters met a pint of milk And they were oyster stew. INCREASE YOUR WINTER SALES Fleischmann’s Yeast-for-Health corrects constipation, diges- tive troubles, boils and skin disorder to which people are subject in winter. It also supplies the “‘sunshine’’ vitamin so much needed in cold weather. Tell your customers about it and increase your winter sales. FLEISCHMANN’S YEAST SERVICE VINKEMULDER COMPANY Grand Rapids, Michigan BRANCH AT PETOSKEY, MICH. Distributors Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Cantaloupes, Peaches, ‘Yellow Kid” Bananas, Oranges, Lemons, Fresh Green Vegetables, etc. GRIDDLES — BUN STEAMERS —_ Everything in Restaurant Equipment, Priced Right. Grand Rapids Store Fixture Co. 7N. IONIA AVE. Phone 67143 N. FREEMAN, Mer. URNS We now invite you to inspect the finest cold storage plant in America. We have Charles A. Moore Ventilating System throughout the building enabling us to change the air every seven hours. We also carry a complete line of fresh fruits and vegetables at all times. Won't you pay us a visit upon your next trip to Grand Rapids. ABE SCHEFMAN & CO. COR. WILLIAMS ST. AND PERE MARQUETTE RY.. GRAND RAPIDS GRAND RAPIDS PAPER Box Co. Manufacturers of SET UP and FOLDING PAPER BOXES SPECIAL DIE CUTTING AND MOUNTING G R AN D RA,PIDS, MICHIGAN M.J. DARK & SONS INCORPORATED GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN — Direct carload receivers of UNIFRUIT BANANAS SUNKIST ~ FANCY NAVEL ORANGES and all Seasonable Fruit and Vegetables MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 HARDWARE Michigan Retail Hardware Association. President—W. A. Slack, Bad Axe. Vice-Pres.—Louis F. Wolf, Mt. Clemens Secretary—Arthur J. Scott, Marine City. Treasurer—William Moore. Detroit. Last Minute Suggestions Regarding the Christmas Trade. While the Christmas shopping season has still nearly two weeks to run, it is time to consider what methods can be adopted to make the most of this exceptionally busy period. It will be a busy time alike for the merchant, his salespeople and his customers; and the major part of the Christmas shop- ping in every community will be done in this brief period. The hardware dealer, in his news- paper advertising, his window display and his final sales efforts, is confronted with a perplexing problem. He must appeal to a public thoroughly inter- ested in Christmas shopping but de- cidedly crowded for time. He must, moreover, face the keenest kind of op- position; for stores in many lines of trade are displaying Christmas gifts and the newspapers are carrying a large volume of Christmas advertising. What can the hardware dealer do to “get across’ his message to the people he desires to reach? Here is the attitude taken by the advertising manager of one large retail hardware store to this important prob- lem: “IT recognized that people would be too busy to read advertisements very carefully, although I knew that, as their interest was at a high pitch, they would look to the newspaper for sug- It appealed to me that if I could make my advertising different from anything else appearing in the newspaper, I would be sure of attract- ing the attention of every person who took the paper. My advertising would stand out sufficiently to catch the eye of every casual reader. “Accordingly I looked over the ad- vertisements which had been appear- I studied Finally I evolved a style gestions. ing for some weeks back. every detail. which was different in every respect from any advertisement which had up to this time appeared. “I was not content with a partially distinctive style; it had to be absolutely different in every detail—heading, bor- der, type, arrangement of matter and panels, etc. “T ran a step heading in Caslon old type. Luckily I had previously se- cured a Christmas border which in it- self lent a distinctive air to the adver- tisement. All type throughout was of a uniform quality, and the headings throughout were in Caslon. I used hair-line panels instead of the regular heavy border lines affected by all oth- The arrangement of matter was a decidedly new one—at least in this locality. “The copy I turned out was differ- ent, but it was not freakish in any sense of the word. It was not neces- sary to resort to unusual arrangements and eccentric schemes to make my advertising different. I had new style; It stood out from every- er advertisers. that was all. thing else in the paper. “And it certainly brought the re- sults. I believe that every man, wom- an and child with money to spend for Christmas presents read my ad- vertisements during the last week of the shopping seasn.” With a constant striving for novel effects in advertising it may seem to the hardware advertiser a_ difficult problem to evolve anything new. This may be true of the big city. But in the smaller community the retail ad- vertiser knows little of the technique of type and make-up. After he has written his copy, he leaves it to the compositor to do the rest. The result is that newspaper advertising in most small places has a certain monotonous sameness. “The wide-awake hardware dealer who has studied the possibilities of type and make-ups finds his big op- portunity in this very sameness. Where all the other advertisements are alike, a single advertisement that is decided- ly different will assuredly stand out. The advertiser who seeks novel effects and gives the public something decid- edly different will attract attention. The advertiser has one advantage in the last stages of the shopping season. He is appealing to a public interested to the highest degree. People per- plexed by the problem of just what to give eagerly welcome suggestions. If the advertising man can get his sugges- tions to them, they are the best pos- sible prospects. The difficulty con- sists in the fact that numerous other advertisers are likewise pelting the public with suggestions of the same sort. Many elements go to constitute “appeal” in. advertising. First, the reader's attention must be arrested. Then, having caught the reader’s eye, you must hold his attention and re- tain his interest. To do this an advertisement must contain sufficient information, attrac- tively and forcefully set forth. It must ‘be suggestive and_ instructive. The average person right now is not going to read the advertising very closely; he will skim an advertisement for practical suggestions to help him in selecting Christmas gifts. There- fore, give him a wide variety of sug- gestions, and tell something of each article, particularly the price. At this stage of the Christmas cam- paign, quoting prices is particularly desirable. It is too late for the shop- per to do things in a leisurely way. He knows how many gifts and for whom he has still to buy, how much money’ he has already spent and how much more he can afford to spend, and in some cases how much he wants to spend on each individual. What he wants from the hardware dealer, in his advertising and window dis- plays, are specific suggestions of gifts at the specific prices he is prepared to pay. Therefore, quote prices. Tell the reader tersely something about the article. In your newspaper space, and in your displays, concentrate on the task of suggesting gifts, and thereby helping your customer to make his selections. Stress that point from now on—that you are able and willing and eager to give the perplexed shop- per intelligent help. Christmas decorations and Christ- mas accessories are less essential now than they were a little earlier in the seascn. By this time everybody knows that Christmas is coming. What the average individual wants is the speci- fic idea, the practical selection, that helps in the choice of a gift. A good plan is to advertise the store service. Most people expect to find conditions more or less congested this close to the holiday. They know from experience that stores will be jammed, that long waits will be necessary, that delays will occur and that mistakes will be made in deliveries. They accept this condition as an annoying but in- evitable feature for Christmas shop- ping. But suppose you have especially pre- pared beforehand to meet these con- ditions? Suppose you have secured ex- tra help, and carefully coached them in their work? Suppose your store ar- rangements are planned to facilitate business? Suppose you have made ar- rangements that will ensure prompt and efficient delivery of all orders? If you have, then play up your last minute store service for all it is worth. Feature it. Tell your public. these things you have done, and how they will help to make even the last minute shopping easier. Do this, and you are sure to strike a sympathetic chord. Of course such publicity is never advisable unless you have actually pro- . vided the facilities to give efficient service. < To make such service possible is one of the big problems facing you during the next two weeks. The last week before Christmas in- velves a considerable strain for mer- chant, salespeople and shoppers. An- noyances are bound to crop up. Tem- pers are apt to get lost. If you can do so right now, get your salespeople together and prepare them as far as ycu can to struggle through the last awful rush good-naturedly. If you can’t hold a conference, talk to your salespeople individually. bound to occur; but a little forethought and a few words of kindly encourage- ment and advice will decidedly reduce the percentage of error. Mistakes are Years ago I knew a hardware dealer who moved like a snail and talked with a drawl worse than Mark Twain’s. His painfully deliberate manner gave the customer the impression that he had all the time there was. Yet his very deliberateness was a sedative to tired nerves. It imparted a sugges- tion of colossal and well-grounded confidence in this man’s ability to find the customer just the article she want- ed. In the long run this slow-moving, slow-talking chap would put through three good sales while an eager but hurried junior was trying to make one; just because he took time to think and made no misplays. He seemed to know exaxctly what was wanted, where to find it, and what words to use in selling it. A touch of calm deliberation will often quiet a hurried customr’s nerves and grip his attention. Deliberation, Michigan Hardware Co. 100-108 Elisworth Ave.,Corner Oakes GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN Wholesalers of Shelf Hardware. Sporting : Goods and Fishing Tackle Automobile Tires and Tubes Automobile Accessories Garage Equipment Radio Sets Radio Equipment Harness, Horse Collars BROWN &SEHLER COMPANY Farm Machinery and Garden Tools Saddlery Hardware Blankets, Robes Sheep lined and Blanket - Lined Coats Leather Coats GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN A osm Sheets A Pcl a aR Banana abr 22 bans rs 4 * December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN too, is necessary to avoid time-con- suming mistakes in filling orders. In Christmas week it is necessary to meet a lot of people and cover a lot of ground; but everything must be done accurately. I have seen a hurried salesgirl make three mistakes in filling out one small bill. And the Christmas season is a time when the customr most keenly mistakes. Accuraracy is the first essential, speed is secondary. The salesman who works steadly at a mod- more usful than the who causes errors by _ his resents erate speed is salesman heedless haste. where gocds are charged or delivered. Christ- mas hardware a lot of new customers. Their names and faces and addresses are un- Here but if mistakes are avoided and good service rendered, these customers may be retained for the store. Be sure to get the order itself down ac- curately; also the name and street ad- dress where goods are to be delivered. In charging, be just as careful of these Be careful, too, in packing goods and making deliveries. See to it that goods are delivered to the cor- rect address within whatever time lim- it you have set. If you can’t make delivery in time, don’t promise it. Victor Lauriston. > Health Properties of Fish as Food. One and one-half billion tons of soil Care is especially necessary season brings to the store easily familiar. mistakes are made; items. matter is-washed from our farms and pasture lands annually, according to a recent report. This is estimated to contain 126,000,000 pounds of plant food or 21 times that removed from the soil by crops. Much is said about erosion and loss fertility there is discussion regarding the food and already future ef soil supply of the world. In addition, we about the certain lands in factors of importance health. We have iodine deficiency, where goiter is more prevalent; deficiency of phosphorus, by acid con- ditions and by alkaline conditions. Throughout the centuries the rivers have been carrying the land products to the sea, enriching the waters,. with the result that sea water contains prac- tically all known elements in solution. This richness of the coastal waters in organic materials, in minerals and the gases from the air, combine to produce a luxuriant growth of microscopic plants, and the combination of the two constitute the basic food supply of ma- Thus marine life is not con- hear much deficiencies of to good areas of soils characterized by a r.ne life. fronted with deficiencies such as may be found in many land areas. Furthermore, the calcium, phorus, iron and other elements which an animal or plant has incorporated in its tissues, is in turn much more man: or the phos- readily assimilable by higher animals than as prepared by an apothecary from the natural elements. As domestic animals also suffer from deficiency diseases, the value of the products of the sea for feeding pur- poses is indicated. By way of illustration, every child born in Pemberton Valley North white _ impurity. of Victoria, B. C., had goiter, and many white adults developed it within a few months of residence, according to Keith. No litter of pigs lived more than one day after birth, and there was a mortality of 85 to 90 per cent. among the calves and colts from thyroid ab- normalities. At the same time not a single case of goiter could be found in an Indian village in the valley and the pigs rarely suffered from thyroid troubles. The reason for these differences appears to be that the Indian ate a great deal of salmon and the pigs also ate the dead salmon washed upon the shores and thus obtained enough iodine from the salmon to supply their thyroids with the necessary amount of this element. In pre-war days, Germany used quantities of Chilean nitrate in mixed fertilizers. This contained iodine as an With the shut off during the war, the manu- supply Germans factured “air nitrates” and this has largely replaced Chilean nitrate for fertrlizer since the war. for explosives Air nitrates are deficient in iodine, A few German nutritional experts became much disturbed by the years ago, increasing prevalence of goiter among both human beings and farm animals, according to Clark. Tracing the iodine deficiency to the use of air nitrogen in fertilizers, every encouragement ts be- ing given to the consumption of sea foods and to the use of fish meal as a stock food and for fertilizers. Consideration of the general situa- tion leads to the should draw more heavily upon the re- conclusion that man sources of the sea, supplementing land crops and restoring to the land some of the richness. which has been lost. Lewis Radcliffe, Dep. U. S. Commissioner of Fisheries. ——__++ > —___—_ How the Tradesman Is Regarded in Scotland. Glasgow, Dec. 2—I am in receipt of your very kind letter of Oct. 25, with intimation of sending copies of your esteemed journal, the Michigan Trades- man, containing the weekly talks by Mr. Garfield. I appreciate your kind- ness very much in giving me the pleasure of reading Mr. Garfield’s lec- tures, which I enjoy so much. Mr. Garfield’s experience of life and affairs make all his articles so helpful to a wide circle of readers in all cir- cumstances and positions and appeals at once to their inner consciousness and intelligence, because each must feel some answering echo in their hearts to some note or chord struck by his thoughts put into words, which will, I am sure, have some good influ- ence upon all who read them. I think the Michigan Tradesman is fortunate in having such a large num- ber of contributors to its pages who convey so clearly and terselv many in- teresting articles on various subjects of local and district interest and Na- tional importance, which are instruc- tive and entertaining to the majority of the readers of such a high class and well arranged journal. I enjoy read- ing every page of it myself. Many of the names of places are quite familiar from memory and I just feel as if I were a citizen of Grand Rapids when I read all about the local and district news. I thank you again for the pleasure you are giving me and I trust that Mr. Garfield may be endowed with strength and vigor, notwithstanding his ad- vanced age, to continue from time to time his delightful articles. Alexander Cameron. ——_»- . Am Ambitious Youngster. A parent was deeply impressed with his small son’s ingenuity, initiative and forethought as he watched the child building a dam across a small rivulet. Thinking of the child’s future and wondering if he would some day be- come one of the great engineers of the world, he said: “Sonny, what do you expect to do when you become a man like daddy?” Sonny: ‘I guess I will put the bot- tom in Wall Street; you said it drop- ped out last week.” Phone 61366 JOHN L. LYNCH SALES CO. SPECIAL SALE EXPERTS Expert Advertising Expert Mrechandising 209-210-211 Murray Bidg. GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN When you want good cheese ASK FOR KRAFT(() CHEESE, MERICAN ATIONAL o BANK © Capital and Surplus $750,000.00 One of two national banks in Grand Rapids. Member of the Federal Reserve System. President, Gen. John H. Schouten Vice President and Cashier, Ned B. Alsover Assistant Cashier, Fred H. Travis Sand Lime Brick Nothing as Durable Nothing as Fireproof Makes Structure Beautiful No Painting No Cost for Repairs Fire Proof Weather Proof Warm in Winter—Cool in Summer Brick is Everlasting GRANDE BRICK CO. Grand Rapids. SAGINAW BRICK CO. Saginaw. Link, Petter & Company (Incorporated ) Investment Bankers 7th FLOOR, MICHIGAN TRUST BUILDING GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN FRIGIDAIRE ELECTRIC REFRIGERATING SYTEMS PRODUCT OF GENERAL MOTORS For Markets, Groceries and Homes Does an extra mans work No more putting up ice A small down payment puts this equipment in for you F. C. MATTHEWS & CO. 111 PEARL ST. N. W Phone 9-3249 x= ® I. Van Westenbrugge Grand Rapids - Muskegon (SERVICE DISTRIBUTOR) Nucoa KRAFT «(A ) CHEESE All varieties, bulk and package cheese **Best Foods”’ Salad Dressings Fanning’s Bread and Butter Pickles Alpha Butter TEN 8BRUIN’S HORSE RADISH and USTA OTHER SPECIALTIES The Brand You Know by HART Look for the Red Heart on the Can LEE & CADY Distributor ‘pap csscet tans ee : (Blectric and Hand Power) hy Dumbwaiters—Electric Convert- "Moers to change your old hand at] elevator into Electric Drive. { Mention this Paper. State kind of Elevator wanted, size, , capacity and heighth. zs — SIDNEY ELEVATOR MFG. Co. (Miami Plant), Sidney, Ohio 24 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 HOTEL DEPARTMENT News and Gossip Concerning Michigan Hotels. Los Angeles, Dec. 6—“‘Uncle Louie” Winternitz, who has arrived at San Diego to start in on his winter vaca- tion, has been interviewed by one of the local newspapers down there and is given to state that San Diego is just about at the foot of the rainbow or words to that effect, showing conclu- sively that he is a brave man. Los Angeles has a well organized vigilance committee which in its activities makes those of the “Stranglers of Paris” look like mere piffle. In a personal letter from W. O. (Billy) Holden, information is convey- ed to the effect that he has resigned his position as manager of Park Place Hotel, Traverse City, much to my re- gret and that of thousands of com- mercial men and tourists who have visited that hotel in the past half cen- tury. Mr. Holden, to be exact, came to the Park Place in 1881, and, with the single exception of the brief period of three years, has been its manager ever since. Under his supervision it has maintained a standard of excellence seldom approached and never exceeded by any similar institution in Michigan. On the simple standard of neatness it has been a marvel of excellence, its cusine has always been exceptionally good, and a real spirit of hospitality has been in evidence at all times. I congratulate this very deserving indi- vidual on past achievements and trust that his future will be a substantial reward for same—pleasant associations in pleasant places, accompanied with good health. The Niles Hotel Company, owner of the Four Flags Hotel, Niles, has plan- ned to add twenty-five rooms, together with a banquet hall over the main din- ing room. The institution is making money, the business having been such that all obligations have been paid when due, bonds have been retired ac- cording to the original program and all interest and taxes paid. Charles Renner took over the management of the hotel as lessee for a period of fifteen years, May 1, 1928, and has made a most wonderful showing, as I predicted at the time, and the enlarge- ment of facilities is the best evidence possible that he is the right individual in the right place. He proved a win- ner with his Urbana-Lincoln, at Ur- bana, Illinois; the Mishawaka, Misha- waka, Indiana, which he owns and has also made a profitable investment in his Edgewater Club, at St. Joseph. The Four Flags was opened in 1926, erected at a cost of $350,000, and is municipally owned. It is located on the site of the old Pike House, which was Nationally known for fifty years. Charles Shierstedt, owner of Sylvan Beach Hotel, White Lake, passed to the Great Beyond last week, at the age of 50. He had conducted the hotel for many years, it bemg one of the most popular resorts on White Lake. He is survived by his widow. At this writing I am not advised as to what disposition will be made of his hotel interests, which are considerable. The “King of Shadows loves a shin- ing mark,” and he certainly ran true to form in calling that beloved by all hotel man, Fred Pantlind. I am per- sonally grieved to hear of his demise. For many vears he was my friend and he was faithfully so. His biography will be written into the history of Michigan and J will not undertake to say more. His example as a citizen may well be followed by coming gen- erations. The new inside lobby of Hotel Oc- cidental, Muskegon, has been opened to the public. It is rich looking in its light green walls trimmed in black, deep and spacious buff-colored uphol- stered leather chairs and_ beautiful floor coverings. The mezzanine floor is cozy and comfortable with bur- gundy and silver leather chairs in har- mony with the rest of the furniture. The Occidental, covering nearly half of a city block, is by no means com- pleted, but it is always a problem to undertake to rebuild a hotel and at the same time keep it open to the pub- lic, but its manager, Edward R. Swett, ever since he took over the property has passed through many periods of this character, and has always satis- fied his patrons at these times. The old lobby on the Western avenue side will be used as an extension of the new lobby or may be rented temporarily until the owning organization deems it necessary to rebuild same, which will probably be in the near future. The cafeteria, which has ever been one of the attractive features of the Occident- al, has been expanded and_ serving tables are now located in that part of the structure used for a long time as a temporary dining room. The new and old together will be completely redecorated. I am not so sure that I quite agree with President Hoover’s plan for ab- normally increasing building industries in this country. The hotel man has been engaged in this thing for the past decade, and there are some still left who are borrowing trouble by taking on hotel building operations. One of the largest financial houses in the country is said to-day to own 31 ho- tels in the city of Los Angeles alone. None of them were able to pay their fixed charges, and eventually the hold- ings of the stock were erased at a to- tal loss, and the financial men took over the various properties for just what they had invested in the bond issues, which, naturally. were bought at a discount. It seems to be about the same in other lines, but I hanve: to be in a position where I have been able to make a study of this particular industry, and I cannot help but think that what this country needs to do is to measure up its present activities and not undertake to do too much stimu- lating. Politics enter into this pro- gram quite largely and so far as I have observed they do not readily as- similate. , W. A. Cartwright, who conducted the Ramona Park Hotel, Harbor Springs, during the past season, has gone back to look after his Florida holdings. There is a bright fellow and a good hotel man. I could almost wish he could come to California and initiate the Cartwright methods of operation. In the final round-up of the odds and ends of the National convention of Greeters held at Detroit, last June, it develops that in the collection of funds for entertainment it was not necessary to hold up anybody. The bills were all paid in full and several hundred dollars were left in the treasury. Aided by the donations of the Detroit Hotel Association, the various banquets, sight-seeing excursions, dinner dances and other forms of entertainment were financed within the association. Which is a wide departure from the usual cus- tom of “passing the hat’? to make up for deficiencies. summer was manager of Van Ettan Lake Lodge, Oscoda, has been ap- pointed manager of the Westwood Country Club at Clayton, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis. A code of ethics to guide Michigan’s hoteliers in their relations with the public, with their employes and with each other, will shortly be prepared by the Michigan Hotel Association, under the guidance of Ernest Piper the new president of the organization. __ Gabby Gleanings From Grand Rapids. George H. Pew closed a career of forty-seven years as house salesman for Foster, Stevens & Co. Dec. 1, at which time he retired on a life pen- sion. Mr. Pew was employed in the wholesale department of Jacob Barth during 1876, 1877, 1878 and 1879. The next three years he conducted a news stand on the West side. He entered the employ of Foster, Stevens & Co. Dec. 1, 1882, and took few vacations and had few illnesses. He has three children and five grandchildren. He vas born in Grand Rapids, June 21, 1860. When Frank T. Hulswit several years ago lost control of the United Light & Power Company, which he had developed into one of the outstand- ing public utility enterprises, he did not bend under the shock. Instead he set to work at once to reconstruct his personal fortune. In three years he has developed another utility which has become an outstanding success: the American Commonwealths Power Cor- poration. When he aggressively took hold of this property its gross earnings from all sources amounted to $5,353,- 890: he increased them to $23,361,740 and did even better with net income, which he expanded from $440,105 to $3,434,261. the showing of the company’s invest- ments in stocks of other utilities. These cost American Commonwealths Power $5,438,421 and have increased in value to $11,650,000 despite the recent drastic market decline. Such progress can only result from the indomitable will and energetic impulses that character- ize our go-getting corporation execu- Such personalities accept dis- couragement simply as a challenge to their will to make their success greater. —Financial World. It is not unlikely that the proposed cherry cannery merger proposed by some of the cherry growers of West- ern and Northern Michigan will re- ceive some consideration at the annual meeting of the Michigan Canners As- sociation which will be held in this city next week. The Thanksgiving poultry season Much more impressive is tives. MICHIGAN this year will go down into history as one of the most peculiar experiences the meat trade ever faced. The local chain stores brought in frozen stuff from Chicago, which they undertook to sell for 39 cents per pound. Inde- pendent meat priced better stock—Michigan grown—at 35 cents and fancy stock at 42 cents. More turkeys were sold by the independent dealers meat dealers than ever before, but the chain stores soon found they had only trash to offer their customers and the Saturday following Thanksgiving they reduced their inferior turkeys to 25 cents per pound and chickens to 15 cents per pound. Hundreds of turkeys and thousands of chickens were sent to the dump by the chain stores, which should have been prosecuted for of- If the city health department and the meat in- spection department had been = as vigilant as they should have been, many chain store managers would now be doing time in the island jail. oo Late Business News From Holland. Holland, Dec. 10—Navigation has been suspended between Holland and Chicago for the remainder of the win- ter. Shippers are delivering goods destined: for Chicago to lake steamers at Grand Haven with motor trucks. The sugar factory, which ceased operation one year ago, will not be re-opened this season. Low prices prevailing for cane sugar and the fail- ure of farmers to supply beets are given as reasons why the manufacture of sugar has been suspended. Farmers have learned that the soils are robbed of fertility when sugar beets are pro- duced thereon. Perhaps measures will be taken by the Congress of the United States to relieve suffering owners of stocks of beet sugar fac- fering such trash for sale. _tories in many sections of the United States. The Walsh building, nearing com- pletion, will be occupied by Mont- gomery Ward & Co. The building is noticeable on account of its attractive facade of white and colored terra cotta and large plate glass windows. The Bell Telephone Co. building, under construction, is receiving its roof. The structure presents a very attractive appearance and is a credit to the company and the city. Martin, who owns and conducts six stores in Grand Rapids, dealing largely in men’s wear, opened a branch in this city on Dec. 5 under the management of J. A. Ford. The store, a fine ap- pearing building, is centrally located. The Warm Friend Tavern will en- tertain several hundred branch man- agers of the Holland Furnace Co. dur- ing the months of January and Feb- ruary. The managers will arrive in groups at different *periods. Arthur Scott White. Nine New Readrs of the Tradesman. The following new subscribers have been received during the past week: Lake Odessa Savings Bank, Lake Odessa. R. G. Dun & Co., Saginaw. Grand Rapids Savings Bank, (Divi- sion Ave. branch): Grand Rapids. Standard Oil Co., Chicago. Vital Payant, Iron Mountain. Lewis Bird, Corunna. O. L. Beebe, Lowell. Tom Watson, Cedar Springs. Elmer Steuernol, West Branch. —+_» +> Your tongue can undo everything you do. TRADESMAN Anti-Chain Store Propaganda Over _ the Radio. It is reported that a few friends of W. H. Caslow, the Main Street Cru- sader, started something when they provided the facilities to put a series of Mr. Caslow’s anti-syndicate speech- es on the air over station WOOD, at Grand Rapids. This series started on Dec. 2, and has been running at the rate of two nights per week. The popular recep- tion of the feature far exceeded orig- inal expectations and it has been found that in Grand Rapids, at least, there is a strong and unmistakable anti-chain sentiment present among the working people. Because of a public demand for this sort of public education over the radio, a movement is now afoot to provide a radio fund to put Mr. Caslow on the air every week-night during January, February and March. The first con- tributor to this fund was Ben DeJager, of the DeJager Fuel Co., 385 Hall street. Grand Rapids. 2 f= W. H. Caslow. *T have known Mr. Caslow for years, and he knows what he is talking about, when he attacks the syndicates. If the independent business men of Kent county don’t take advantage of this opportunity to put Caslow on the air every night, they ought to be put out of business by the chains. If 300 firms in Kent county will put up $10 each, we can keep this radio program going for three full months. I’m the first to put up a $10 bill. If a fuel merchant can see the need of this sort of thing, what is to be said for the grocers and other more directly ef- fected lines of business?” John VanDommelen, a meat dealer on Grandville avenue, was second in line and a north end lunch room was the third to call in its $10 contribution. Caslow’s group of friends, who have made his first radio work possible, are conducting the campaign to raise this radio fund, so the program can begin the night of Jan. 2. Any contributions may be mailed to Station WOOD, addressed to the radio merchants fund, and a statement of all receipts and expenditures is promised to all contributors. It is understood that Roy Jurgens, of Jurgens & Holt- 25 vluwer, is one of those interested in the promotion of the plan. Anyone wishing to know more about it is re- ferred to him for further particulars. ——_>->—____ Christmas Business. To many people in the country Christ- mas comes this year with less of its usual cheer. The shadow of what the theorists like to call “the ceash in speculation” hangs over a good many of us. As one of the wittiest bankers in Grand Rapids said this week, “Fun- damental conditions are sound, but somebody has monkeycd with them.” They have, indeed, been monkeyed with. But somehow or other, either because they are still sound or because Washington relief work is giving them a leadership which they lacked during the crisis, they are becoming rapidly better. Which now leads us up to considera- tion of Christmas Early shopping, as we have said before in these columns, used to be largely a shopping. matter of consideration for shop em- ployes, the mails or the shopper who hoped to find a complete stock on the shelves. This year it has the dignity of an issue of the first public import- ance. : Mr. Hoover, at Washington, is un- dertaking an untried economic enter- prise. He is taking a business depres- sion at the start and applying remedial measures which never before have been sought until the depression reached its lowest point. It is a gallant effort. Mr. Hoover, in sophisticated New York, is facing the first breath of cr.tcism on the ground that his re- licf measures are so big that they may eveate the impression that the situa- tion is worse than it actually is. We do not believe that any man is wise enough to say whether or not this is the impression that has been produced 120,000,000 In fact, if we were held up on the “psychology” of people. by a gun and compelled to decide, we would say that to date the balance is on the side of the President. It strikes us as a pretty plain theor- em that if the United States is making every intel- Government of the ligent effort to prevent a business de- pression, there rests upon the individ- ual citizen of the United States an obligation to go and do_ likewise. Christmas shopping is his best oppor- tunity to do it. Confidence, which was destroyed by the panic, may come back as suddenly as it was destroyed, It certainly will come back as quickly as we all return to a normal view of things. Christmas shopping is a nor- mal fact of life. If we treat it normal- ly, if we go ahead and buy the pres- ents that we normally would, we are doing in our own way the thing that the Government in its large way is trying to do. Furthermore, Christmas shopping in the year of grace 1929 in going to af- fect vitally business in the year 1930. Many people expect Christmas sales to be less than they were a year ago. 3ut if they total a figure too far below that of 1928 business in 1930 will take it as a bad sign and trim its sails ac- cordingly. If 1929’s Christmas business is good, it will help 1930. 26 DRUGS Michigan Board of Pharmacy. President—J. C. Dykema, Grand Rapids Vice-Pres.—J. Edward Richardson, D:- troit. Director—Garfield M. Benedict, dusky. Examination Sessions — Beginning the third Tuesday of January, March, June, August and November and lasting three days. The January and June examina- tions are held at Detroit, the August examination at Marquette, and the March and November examinations at Grand Rapids. ae : co Michigan State Pharmaceutical Association. President — Claude C. Jones, Battle Creek. Vice-Pres:dent—John J. Walters, Sagi- naw. Secretary—R. A. Turrell, Croswell. Treasurer—P. W. Harding, Yale. San- Suggestion to Combine the Three Books of Standards. Every professional pharmacist of any consequence would like to see his ancient and honored profession accord- ed the respect and admiration which is it's due. In some respects at least, pharmacy has retrograded or rather permitted itself to be relegated to the backgrouond. It is now purposed to dis- cuss but one point, one way toward the alleviation of some of the difficul- ties in the road toward the visionary goal—the elevation of the profession to a position of eminence worthy of the traditional background which past ages have supplied. In ancient times, the twin profes- sions of medicine and pharmacy were physician As_ the ages crept on separation took place until finally, the divorce decree was authorized by custom. (Except in the case of those unethical throwbacks to the dark ages, represented in their re- spective professions by the dispensing physicians and the prescribing phar- of equal prominence: the being his own pharmacist. macists.) Through the ages, the physician and pharmacist enjoyed about equal em- inence until during the past century. Lately, however, due to a long list of causes, the pharmacist has permitted the physician to advance more rapidly and now, instead of being on a par with the physician, the pharmacist is compelled to beg the public to recog- nize that “Your Druggist is more than a Merchant.” A which is hardly conducive to the development of the highest abilities of the individ- ual members of the profession, and is, indeed, intolerable to many members. The physician has been permitted to believe that physicians are responsible for the major portion of present-day research: that the pharmacist merely capitalizes and commercializes the work which they, themselves, were re- sponsible for initiating: that any re- search carried on by the pharmaceut- ical profession is done in the manufac- Such an attitude is derogatory to the highest type of pharmacy required if the profession is to attain the eminence which its posi- tion in our present civilization entitles it. One of the contributing factors to this condition lies within the reach of the Revision Committee to remedy. From a practical standpoint there is no necessity for having the three books of standards now in use, i. e., the Pharmacopeia, National Formulary and New and Non-official Remedies. situation turer’s laboratories. MICHIGAN One authoritative work is sufficient and all three should be combined un- der one cover, or under one title. The N. F. should be discontinued, transferring such parts as are worthy to the U. S. P. No criticism of the present U. S. P. is intended, indeed, the U. S. P. is the finest pharmacopeia_ published. No criticism of the N. F. V. is intended, since it must be recognized that the committee did wonderfully well con- sidering the present scope of the work. However, the work is cluttered up with material unimportant from the standpoint of higher pharmacy. Of course, if it is necessary for some of our unethical brethren to have a pocket manual of formulae for counter- prescribing, let them have it by all means but entitle it as such so that there can be no question of such prep- arations being ethical pharmaceuticals. Many of these formulae are an offense to the eye of the professional phar- macist. Any drug which is used for the al- leviation of the ills of a suf- fering humanity is worthy of having standards set for it: any preparation which will ease the pain and smooth the path of an ailing individual is worthy of recognition; and there is but one work in which these standards should be set and recognition given, namely, the pharmacopeia. Even should no philosophical basis for this be rec- ognized, it is justified from the stand- point of usefulness and accessibility. It is probably not desirable to revise the pharmacopeia oftenter than is now the custom. But a pharmacopeial sup- plement should be published, prefer- ably in loose-leaf form, to meet the requirements of this fast moving age. A Supplementary Committee could col- laborate with the A. M. A. Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry. Standards should be formulated and published for new remedies as they are exploited, becoming official on publication and every practicing Pharmacist should be required to have a copy of each issue. Allow specific examples to be given: Insulin appeared on the market about 1922 and no official recognition or standards may be given until the next issue of the U. S. P. or about 14 or 15 ‘years after it became generally used. During that time, officially, the manufacturer’s word must be accepted for the potency and purity of the products. Millions of doses of this important product will have been used before it can be officially recognized that there is such a product. Early in 1927, ephedrine, a potent alkaloid, appeared on the market. No standards, again, and if results are any criterion, many samples must have been inferior, a condition which could have been prevented under the above plan. As an _ additional advantage, preparations of the drug could have been made official, such as the Inhal- ant, Solution, Elixir and Syrup, which would have prevented the large num- ber of proprietaries containing ephe- drine from appearing. Other cases of similar nature could be cited but would only confuse the issue. The point is that the physician TRADESMAN has a more up-to-date literature than the pharmacist and the pharmacist is forced to have recourse to that litera- ture for information, which, by the way, is not official, This condition should be reversed since drugs are the primary consideration for the pharma- cist and secondary for the physician. The complaint will be made that this system would make the U. S. P. too large and unwieldy. But size is no critericn of usefulnss, the amount of useful information being rather the proper gauge. And it is really doubt- ful that more than 100 formulae of the N. F. V. are of value in modern med- icine. So it is maintained that if Phar- macy is to climb back out of the slough in which it to-day finds itself, it must first impress the medical pro- fession with the fact that pharmacy has a place in the sun to which it means to attain: second, that the phar- macist has a knowledge second to none in his chosen field and means to cling to that eminence and is willing to spend time.and money to do so: third, that the literature of pharmacy is the final authority. : It is only by forcing professional recognition from our allied professions that the public can be brought to a true understanding of our professional status. Public recognition of private or professional worth must be won by merit and not by begging. Ward Cleland. ——2++»—___ Higher Prices For Prescriptions. The advent and the steady encroach- ment of the chain drug store has con- tributed in no little measure to the de- crease of the volume of business trans- acted in the independent drug store. The propaganda of “patronizing the neighborhood store, in its effect, is al- most negligible. People will only direct their dollars and cents to such chan- nels that give them the best return. With the prices maintained in the in- dependent store and that of the chain, there is, it is obvious, a natural ten- dency to make one’s purchases at the latter. A chosen few, it is true. will cling to their neighborhood druggist no matter what the difference in price may be. but the percentage is very small. However. all people in the radius of the neighborhood store will run to it for their immediate needs—as for ex- ample, prescriptions, hot water bottles, thermometers, etc. Would it not, then, be a good idea, to materially increase the price standard of prescriptions and other emergency items’? If we are only going to be used for accommodation purposes, we are going to suffer and we do! Hence, it is our suggestion to charge prices and charge heavy, for the class of items aforementioned, if we intend to carry on with prevailing conditions. Joseph Gold. —_++~+—___ Wrong Label. “On what grounds are you seeking divorce from your wife?” “Misrepresentation. When I asked her to marry me she said she was agreeable.” —_++>___ Responsibility is easy to take on, hard to lay down. December 11, 1929 LIKED THE ANNIVERSARY. Voluntary Commendations Received From Tradesman Readers. Frankfort, Dec. 7—[Telegram] Con- gratulations on your forty-sixth issue of Michigan Tradesman. Roy Collins. Grand Haven, Dec. 6—Congratula- tions on your forty-sixth- anniversary. You have done noble work serving the trade all these years and I hope you will continue for many years more. Louis J. Koster. Grand Rapids, Dec. 7—I beg to con- gratulate you upon your forty-sixth anniversary as editor of the Trades- man. I have been a constant reader for several years. I must say this is the best issue up to date. I hope and pray that the Lord may spare your life for many more years of usefulness to the merchant and for Mrs. Stowe and your family. It has always been a pleasure to meet you, as you always smile the smile that won’t come off. J. J. Berg. Nashville, Dec. 6—I am in receipt of the issue of the forty-sixth yearly an- niversary and it is a sturdy looking production. I would like to hold it up against any like publication in the country as to contents, printing, arrangement and general appearance. You certainly have reason to be proud of it. I hope it may continue to circulate among all retail dealers for their en- couragement and assistance for many years, not only in Michigan but wher- ever such first-hand information is needed. C. L. Glasgow. Fremont, Dec. 5—I cannot resist from complimenting you on your forty-sixth birthday and expressing the hope and wish that you may live forty-six years more and that your enthusiasm and pep may increase with the added years in the same ratio as of the past. Your _ birthday number is surely great and I often wonder how you can supply such interesting matter week after week as you do. I am not only glad of the opportunity to sub- scribe to the Tradesman, but consider myself might’ lucky to be numbered as one of the many friends of its life, the editor. I may not be here to place roses on your casket, but it is a pleas- ure to attempt at least to strew a few along your pathway before the Great Call comes. D. D. Alton. —_22+___ Horsep!ay Instead of Teamplay. Because of the peculiar nature of my work, perhaps I am thrown into more intimate contact with those busi- ness men who are performing good will work for merchant organizations. Among these are business men’s asso- ciations, chambers of commerce and other groups of similar nature. It is particularly true of the town and small- er city that usually the secretary of such an organization is an unpaid of- ficer; and whatever he does is gratis for the good of the cause. Here is the complaint which is en- tirely too common in such cases. Let me cite a concrete case of one Mich- igan town, in which the secretary of the organization is determined to re- sign Jan. 1, and swears that never again will he turn his hand to co- operate with merchants who expect the other fellow to do all the co- operating. Let me quote his own words, as nearly as I can: “Sometime ago, our merchants want- egg Semen ema ent “1 Sanit ep ene eee eater ee REET MOER a gg eens pene ae eeranrnmn pase as = 4 7 een 27 December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN ed to run some community advertising organization to stand guard over their WHOLESALE DRUG PRICE CURRENT and pledged themselves to various interests. In fact, the State is already ’ amounts of their own voluntary setting. strewn with the wreckage of disrupt- Prices quoted are nominal, based on market the day of issue. Like a fool, I signed the contract and ed associations which were once active, ae Cotton Seed ____ 1 35@1 50 Baliatannn ns . - made myself responsible for the but which died from just this sort of gorie (Powd.)_- 2 @ 20 oa : Gee = ocak Oe H i fF , te ara tis ike caonverscati Boric (Xtal) -- ee ee Po iin 2 16 amount, relying on their honesty to folly. Co-operation, like conversation, ene 30 4 Hucalyptus "—--- i wow bu Buchu ---------- G2 As fulfill their just obligations. I have is impossible unless at least two are Cutric 2S 66 Juniper ‘Berries. 4 50@4 15 Capsicum oc. @2 zs had to call personally on all but three parties to the movement. People who “Nitrie _7 9°@ 15 sueee aad a : war s Geen ——- Now, they refuse to pay half their the telephone-answering voice—a gen- Tolu --..--__.. 2 00@2 25 Origanum, com’! 1 00@1 20 Paints ints 2 i itality which makes the call hae ieee leer 144% @14 amounts and another fellow says I'll uine hospitality which makes the caller oa. Eosoerat 6 ee 3 . red dry -. 14%@14% have to wait until after the first of because he has other bills to meet. This means that I have about sixty dollars tied up in otker mer- chants’ pledges, despite the fact that 1 subscribed the largest amount, self of the whole group, which is not included in that sixty. Twenty dollars I will never get; and perhaps another ten will never be paid. So I’m all through. From now on, they can all chase themselves; but they can just count me out of any kind of mission- ary work. I'll keep my donations for charities which contribute to the needs of worthy people, rather than spend them on. slackers.” This sort of complaint, with various modifications to suit local conditions, may be repeated in almost every lo- cality. I just pass this on for what it may be worth as a jolt to someone who has been indulging in horseplay when he should have been giving some the year, my- teamplay. and unless merchants learn to distin- guish between the two terms, they may find themselves stranded without any Grand Rapids There is a vast difference — HOLIDAY GOODS Now on Display in Grand Rapids CIWS Come in and look them over Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co. Michigan instead of humili- The customer who feels he has annoyed a firm by at- tempting to deal with it will cease to be a customer of that place just as soon as he can. The prospective cus- tomer who gets a snarl in his ear and a “Hello” that means to him “How dare you annoy me by ringing this phone,” will never become anything more profitable than an ex-prospect. That snarl in the caller’s ear is only the voice of the dumb-bell employed by the firm, but to the caller it is the voice of the firm. —_>-.__—_ To Revise Packages For 1930. A general revamping of containers to make them more attractive is plan- ned by producers of packaged items in mapping their sales compaigns for next year. The step is considered necessary to overcome increased sales glad he has called, ated and sorry. resistance expected from consumers. One manufacturer of toiletries is plan- ning to spend 18% cents on the con- tainer for an item which will sell at retail for 50 cents. Manistee Cassia (ordinary). 25@ 30 Cassia (Saigon) -. 50@ 60 Sassafras (pw. 60c) @ 60 a Cut (powd.) eee 20@ 30 Berries Cube = @ Mish oo a @ 2 Juniper oo... 11@ 20 Prickly Ash _..... @ 175 Extracts Hicorige = 60@ 65 Licorice, powd. _._ 60@ 70 Flowers Arnica: jo. 1 50@1 60 Chamomile Ged.) @ 50 Chamomile Rom. @ 7% Gums Acacia, ist 50@ 55 acacia, 2nd ____ Acacia, Sorts ___ 35@ 40 Acacia, Powdered Aloes (Barb Pow) Aloes (Cape Pow) zow $a Aloes (Soc. Pow.) 75@ 80 Asafoetida ) Pow. Kino Myrrh Myrrh, powdered @1 25 Opium, powd. 21 00@21 50 Opium, gran. 21 00@21 50 Shelige 2... 65@ 80 Sltelac 2... 75@ 90 Tragacanth, pow. @1 75 Tragacanth ___. 2 00@2 35 Turpentine ______ @ 30 Insecticides APRCMIC 2.3 08@ a Blue Vitriol, bbl. Blue Vitriol, less 09, @ii Bordea. Mix Dry 12@ 26 Hellebore, White powdered -__... 15@ 36 Insect Powder... 47%@ 60 Lead Arsenate Po. 13%@30 Lime and Sulphur Dry SG O88 Paris Green 24@ 42 woweene Sage, % loose .. 4 Sage, powdered... 35 Senna, Alex, .... 50 16 Senna, Tinn. pow. 3 Uva Oral 20 Olle Aen ae Mode ee" artificial __... 3 00@3 35 Almonds, Sweet, Amber, crude -. Amber, rectified 1 50@1 75 Anise Rose, pure _. 13 50@14 00 Rosemary Flows 1 25@1 60 Sandelwood, E. je 11 50@11 75 Sassafras, true 1 75@2 00 Sassafras, arti’l 75@1 00 Spearmint - Sperm -.... Vang 2. 7 00@7 Tar USP Turpentine, bbl. _. @ 65 Turpentine, less_. 72@ 85 Wintergreen, Jeat oo 6 00@6 25 Wintergreen, sweet Bireh 2 00@3 25 Wintergreen, art 75@1 00 Worm Seed ____ 4 50@4 75 Wormwood, oz. --_. @2 00 Potassium Bicarbonate __.. 35@ 40 Bichromate —.-__ 15@ 26 Bromide ._._ 69@ 85 Bromide —_____ 54@ 71 Chlorate, gran’'d_ 23@ 30 Chlorate, powd. OF Xtak 2 16@ 25 Cyanide 30@ yu HOGG oe 4 06@4 28 Permanganate -. 22%@ 35 Prussiate, yellow 35@ 45 Prussiate, red __ @ 70 Suipnate _..___ 35@ 40 Roots AIKanGt 2 30@ 35 Bloud, powdered. 40@ 45 Calamus 00 85 kiecainpane, pwd. 25@ 30 Gentian, powd. —~ 20@ 30 Ginger, African, powdered -_-._. 30@ 35 Ginger, Jamaica. 60@ 65 Ginger, Jamaica, powdered _____ 45@ 60 +oldenseal, pow. 6 00@6 50 Ipecac, powd. __ 5 50@6 00 Bicorice 35@ 40 Licorice, powd... 20@ 30 Orris, powdered_ Poke, powdered__ “—. 40 Rhubarb, powd .. 00 Rosinwood, powd. 50 Sarsaparilla, Hond. ground -.....-- @1 10 Sarsaparilla, a @ 60 Squilie 2. 85@ 40 Squillg, powdered 70@ 80 Tumeric, powd... 20@ 25 Valerian, powd.__ @i 00 Seeds Anise... @ 35 Anise, powdered 35@ 40 Bird, Is _.._ —-- 13@ 17 Canary 2. 10@ 16 Caraway, Po. 30 25@ 320 9 Flax, ground -. 9%@ 15 Foenugreek, pwd. 25 Hemp 2. 8@ 16 Lobelia, powd. .. Mustard, yellow Mustard, black... pa 26 Popsy 2 15@ 30 Quinee 22 1 25@1 50 Sabadilla __-____ 45@ 560 Sunflower --_.--- 18 Worm, American 30@ 40 Worm, Levant - 6 50@7 00 Tinctures Acenite Cae ae @1 AMlGee @1 5&6 atte i or WA Aroice (200 @1 60 Lead, white dry 144%@14% Lead, white oil 144@14% vucnhre, yellow bbl. Ww 2s Uchre, yellow less 3@ 6 Ked Venetn Am. 3%@ 7 Ked Venet'n Kng. 4@ 8 Putty 8 % L. H. P. Prep... 2 8u@s 00 Rogers Prep. -. zZ2 80@s wv Miscellaneous Acelanahd _ 2 6i@ is Ole Vow iz Miuin. DUWU and eeeund ........ Oy@ 16 Bisiulu, Subni- Cree 2 25@2 5z Burax xtai or powdered -... vow 1% Cantharides, po. 1 ov@z vu Calumet ~22 lll. 2 owe d2 Capsicum, powd Ow tw Carmina ....._. 38 vU@9 vv Cassia Buus -... sow 4a CeRRV Gee tum 8 vudin Ld’ repareu 4tw dv Ciuorolorm 1. 49W du Chorai Hydrate 1 zuq@1 a1 Cucaime ok 42 duWmad vv Cocoa Butter -.. www yu CUiAS, list, less sU-iu tu ¢4u-lu “ Copperas ..______ vs@ du Copperas, towa. tw du Corrusive Suvin 2 wows du Cream ‘lartar _. so@ 40 Cultle bone .__ 4uqm ou Dextrine .. LL Ow do vers Powder 4 vuq4 ou tuluery, All NOS. l¥w to tunery, rowuered @ to Epsom Salts, bbis. @0s% upsull Sails, less 3%@ lu rgot, powdered _. w4 vu blake, White .. lb@ gu Formaldehyde, ib. 134@436 G@latine cL. su@ vu Glassware, less 55% Glassware, full case 60%. Glauber Salts, bbl. G02 Glauber Salts less 04@ 1u Glue, Brown -... 20w su Glue, Brown Grd 16@ zz Glue, White -... 27%@ 30 Glue, white grd. zo@ 45 Glycerine ~.______ 18@ 40 Hops -..... --- 16@ odie 200 45@7 ov Ie.oform ....... 8 00@8 30 zead Acetgte _. 20@ 30 @ace @ 1 50 dace, powdered_ @i 60 Menthol -...... 8 00q@2 00 33 Morphine -... 13 58@14 mi Nux Vomica, pow. 15@ 26 Pepper, black, pow 57@ 70 Pepper, White, pw. 75@ 85 Pitch, ne 20@ 25 Quass awwneaee LI@ 15 comes 5 oz. cans $ 60 Rochelle Salts _. 283@ 4u Sacharine ...... 3 60@375 Salt Peter ...... Seidlitz Mixture Soap, green .... 15@ 30 Soap mott cast — @ 2 Soap, white Castile, CGS 2 ~- @15 00 Soap, white Castile less, per ber .. @I1 60 Soda Ash -...... 3@ 10 Soda Bicarbonate 3%@ 10 Soda, Sal .._.. 02%@ 08 Spirits Camphor @1 20 Sulphur, roll .... 3%@ 10 Sulphur, Subl. .. 4%@ 10 Tamarinds -..... 2®@ 25 Tartar Emetic .. = 15 Turpentine, Ven. 76 Vanilla Ex. pure 1 cogs 00 Vanilla Ex. pure 3 — i) Zino Sulphate — u 28 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 GROCERY PRICE CURRENT These quotations are carefully corrected weekly, within six hours of mailing and are intended to be correct at time of going to press. Prices, however, are liable to change at any time, and merchants will have their orders filled at mar- ket prices at date of purchase. For price changes compare with previous issues ADVANCED DECLINED Beef 1 Ib. Corn Beef AMMONIA BREAKFAST FOODS CANNED FISH Quaker, 24-12 oz. case 2 50 Kellogg’s Brands. Clam Ch’der, 10% oz. 1 35 Quaker, 12-32 oz. case 2 25 Corn Flakes, No. 136 2 85 Clam Chowder, No. 2_ 2 75 Bo Peep, 24, sm. case 2 70 Corn Flakes, No. 124 2 85 Clams, Steamed. No. 1 3 00 Bo Peep, 12, lge. case 2 25 Corn Flakes, No. 102 200 Clams, Minced, No. % 2 25 pails, per doz. 9 40 . pails, per doz. 12 60 . pails, per doz. 19 15 . pails, per doz. 19 15 APPLE BUTTER Quaker, 24-21 0z., doz. 2 15 Quaker, 12-38 0z., doz. 2 40 BAKING POWDERS Arctic, 7 oz. tumbler 1 35 Royal, 10c, doz. ------ 95 Royal, 6 oz., doz. --1 80 Royal,. 6 oz., doz. ---- 2 50 Royal, 12 oz., doz. -- 4 95 Royal, 5 Ib. —--_.__- 25 40 Calumet, 4 oz., doz. 95 Calumet, 8 oz., doz. 1 85 Calumet, 16 oz., doz. 3 26 Calumet, 5 lb., doz. 12 10 Calumet, 10 lb., doz. 18 60 Rumford, 10c, per doz. 95 Rumford. 8 oz., doz. 1 86 Rumord, 12 oz.. doz. 2 40 Rumford, 5 Ib.. doz. 12 50 K. C. Brand Per case 10c size, 4 doz. ------ 70 15c size, 4 doz. -.---- 5 50 20c size, 4 doz. ~----- 7 20 25c size, 4 doz. ------ 9 20 60c size, 2 doz. ------ 8 80 80c size, 1 doz. ------ 6 85 10 Ib. size, % doz. ---- 6 75 BLUING JENNINGS The Oriainal Condensed Ue oz., 4 dz. cs. 3 00 3 oz., 3 dz. cs. 3 75 Am. Ball,36-1 oz., cart. 1 00 Quaker, 1% oz.. Non- freeze, dozen 85 Boy Blue. 36s, per cs. 2 70 BEANS and PEAS 100 1b. bag Brown Swedish Beans ; 00 Pinto Beans Red Kdney Beans Whte H’d P. Beans 9 . Col. Lima Beans ---- 14 Black Eye Beans -- 16 - Split Peas, Yellow -- 8 00 Split Peas, Green ---- 9 00 Scotch Peas —_._.--—— 7 00 BURNERS Queen Ann, No. 1 and 2 O66. Se 36 White Flame, No.. 1 and 2, doz. _.__._._ 26 BOTTLE CAPS Dbl. Lacquor, 1 gross pkg.. per gross .....- 16 Pep, No. 224 Pep, No. 202 i Beets, No. 2. cut 1 45@2. 35 Corn, No. 2, stan. -. 1 16 Corn, Ex. stan. No. 2 1 40 Corn, No. 2, Fan. 1 80@2 35 Corn, No. 10 -_ 8 00@10 75 Hominy, No. 1 10 Okra, No. 2, Okra, No. 2, cut -... 1 75 Mushrooms, Hotels -. 32 Mushrooms, Choice, 8 oz. 36 Mushrooms, Sur Extra 50 Peas, No. 2, B. J. ---- 1 36 Peas, No. 2, Sif, . Fine, French 25 in. No. 3 1:.60@1 75 in, No. 19 5 90@5 50 Pimentos, 4, each 12@14 Pimentoes, %, each -- °27 Sw't Potatoes, No 2% 1 75 Sauerkraut. No.3 1 45@1 75 Sueccotash, No. 2 1 65@2 50 Succotash, No. 2, glass 4 80 Sp'nach, No. 1 23 Spinach, No. 22.4% ai 90 Spinach, No. 3__ 2 25@2°50 Spinach. No 10_ 6 50@7 © Tomatoes, No. 2 -.---- 1 60 Tomatoes, No. 3 _.-. 2 25 Tomatoes, No. 10 -..- 7 00 Bar Goods Mich. Sugar Ca., 24, 5c 75 Pal O Mine, 24, 5c ____ 75 Malty Milkies, 24, 5c —. 75 Lemon Rolls -__------- 75 Tru day, 24,::5e° 2 75 No-Nut, 24, se ..-....- 75 CATSUP., Beech-Nut, small -___ 1 65 Lily of Valley, 14 oz... 2 25 Lily of Valley, % pint 1 66 Sniders, 8 oz. ~-----.- 1 65 Sniders, 16 oz 2 35 Quaker, 10 oz 1 35 Quaker, 14 oz. 1 90 Quaker, Galon Glass 12 50 Quaker, Gallon Tin. __ 7 50 CHILI SAUCE Snider, 16 oz. -------_ 3 15 Snider, 8 of. 2.22. - 2 20 Lilly Valley, 8 oz. _. 2 25 Lilly Valley, 14 oz. __ 3 25 OYSTER COCKTAIL 3 Sniders, 16 oz. ----_-- 15 Sniders, 8 oz. ~----- 2 20 CHEESE Roguefort —..___---. 45 Kraft, small items 1 65 Kraft, American -_ 1 65 Chili, small tins -_ 1 65 Pimento, small -tins 1 65 Roquefort, sm. tins 2 25 Camembert, sm. tins 2 25 Wisconsin Daisy -_--- 26 Wisconsin Flat ------ 26 New York June ---- 34 Sap Sago 2.0 42 Me 2 > CHEWING GUM Adams Black Jack ---- 65 Adams Bloodberry ---- td Adams Dentyne ------ 65 Adams Calif. Fruit -- 65 Adams Sen Sen -- 65 Beeman’s Pepsin Beechnut Wintergreen_ Beechnut Peppermint--. Beechnut Spearmint -- Doublemint —....---.-._ 65 Peppermint, Wrigleys -- 65 Spearmint, Wrigleys -- - diticy Truit 2... Kryigleys P-K _._.__ 65 Beno oo 65 Teavarry ee 65 COCOA Droste’s Dutch, 1 Ib._. 8 50 Droste’s Dutch, % lb. 4 50 Droste’s Dutch, % Ib. 2 35 Droste’s Dutch, 5 lb. 60 Checolate Apples -_.- 4 50 Pastelles, No. 1 _-.. 12 60 Pastelles, 4% Ib. ------ 6 60 Pains De Cafe ------- 3 00 Droste’s Bars, 1 doz. 2 00 Delft Pastelles _----_ 15 1 lb. Rose Tin Bon Bons 2 18 00° 7 et ‘Rose Tin Bon os 13 a ane De Cara- OMe 13 20 12 oz. Rosaces -10 80 % lb. Rosaces __ - 7 80 % |b. Pastelles ------ 3 40 Langues De Chats -. 4 80 CHOCOLATE Baker, Caracas, %s ---- 37 Baker, Caracas, 45s. ---- 35 CLOTHES LINE Hemp, 50 ft. ___ 2 00@2 25 Twisted Cotton, 60 ft. 3 50@4 00 Braided, BO ft, 3 2 25 Sash Cord —___-. 3 50@4 00 COFFEE ROASTED Worden Grocer Co. 1 Ib. Package Melrose ou 34 TAberty 200 ee 34 Ouswer 39 Nedrow: 2.222.200. 37 oe FAGURG - ee 5 Royal Ciub.. .. =...) crise aa McLaughlin’s Kept-Fresh Nat. Gro. Co. Brands Lighthouse, 1 lb. tins.. 49 Pathfinder, 1 Ib. tins. 45 Table Talk, 1 lb. cart. 43 Square Deal, 1 Ib. car. 39% Above brands are packed in both 30 and 50 lb. cases. Coffee Extracts M. Y.: per. 100 2 12 Frank’s 50 pkgs. -- 4 25 Hummel’s 50.1 lb. 10% CONDENSED MILK 00 Leader, 4 doz. ------ 7 Dagle, 4 doz. =... --_ 9 MILK COMPOUND Hebe, Tall, 4 doz. —-- : 50 Hebe, Baby; 8 doz. -_ 4 40 Carolene. Tall, 4 doz. 3 80 Carolene, Raby ------ 3 50 EVAPORATED MILK Quaker, Tall, 4 doz. -. 4 00 Quaker, Baby, 8 doz. 3 90 Quaker, Gallon, % doz. 3 90 Carnation, Tall, 4 doz. 4 35 Carnation, Baby, 8 dz. 4 25 Oatman’s Dundee, Tall 4 35 Oatman’s D’dee, Baby 4 25 Every Day, Tall ._-- 4 25 Every Day, Baby -.-.. 4 25 Pet, “Tat oo 4 3a Pet, Baby, 8 oz. ---_ 4 25 Borden’s Tall ~__-_-__ 4 35 Borden's Baby ------ 4 25 CIGARS G. J. Johnson’s Brand G. J. Johnson Cigar, 10G 20 75 00 Worden Grocer Co. Brands Airedale 35 00 Havana Sweets --_--- 35 00 Hemeter Champion__ . 50 Canadian Club ____-- 00 Robart Emmett ---- 7 00 Tom Moore Monarch 75 00 Webster Cadillac ___. 75 0u Webster Astor Foil__ 75 00 Webster Knickbocker 95 00 Webster Albany Foil 95 00 Bering Apollos -__-_- 95 00 Bering Palmitas -. 115 00 Bering . Diplomatica on 00 Bering Delioses -__. 120 00 Bering Favorita -___ 135 00 Bering Albas -_-___ 150 u CONFECTIONERY Stick Candy Pails Pure Sugar Sticks-660c 4 00 Big Stick, 20 lb. case 18 Horehound Stick, 5c -. 18 Mixed Candy Kindergarten —----.--.__ 17 Tengen) eS 13 French Creams ----_... 15 Paris Creams ---.-----. 16 Grocers 22 11 Fancy Mixture -_---__- 17 Fancy Chocolates 5 lb. boxes Bittersweets, Ass’ted 1 75 Milk Chocolate A A 1 75 Nibble Sticks —~ .__.._ 1 75 Chocolate Nut Rolls — 1 5 1 Magnolia Choc -_.... 35 Bon Ton Choc. __---- 1 50 Gum Drops Pails Anise: 22 ees 1 Champion Gums Challenge Gums Jelly Strings —........_ 18 Lozenges Pails A. A. Pep. Lozenges .. 15 A. A. Pink Lozenges -. 15 A. A. Choc. Lozenges_. 15 Motto Hearts -____.____ 19 Malted Milk Lozenges _. 21 Hard Goods Pails Lemon Drops —_-------- 19 O, F. Horehound dps, 18 Anise. Squares _ ___-2_- 18 Peanut Squares _______ 17 Cough Drops Bxs Putnam sa oo 1 35 Smith Bros... 1 60 uden's) ee 1 50 ' Package Goods Creamery Marshmallows 4 oz. pkeg., 12s, cart. 85 4 oz. noke., 488, case 3 40 Specialties Pineapple Fudge ______ 18 Ital’'an Bon Bons ______ 17 Banquet Cream Mints_. 23 Silver King M.Mallows 1 15 Handy Packages, 12-10c 80 COUPON BOOKS 50 Economic grade 3 50 100 Economic grade 4 5u 500 Economic grade 20 00 1000 Economic grade 37 5u Where 1,000 books are ordered at a time. special- ly printed front cover is furnished without charge. CREAM OF TARTAR 6 ib. boxes) oe 43 DRIED FRUITS Apples N. Y. Fey., 50 lb. box 15% N. Y. Fey., 14 oz. pkg. 16 Apricots Evaporated Choice ---. 24 Evaporated, Fancy .. 29 Evaporated, Slabs -... 2v Citron 10 Ab: box 2 40 Currants Packages, 14 oz. -.... 18 Greek, Bulk, Ib. ~~... 18 Dates Dromedary, 36s ______ 6 75 Peaches Hvap. Choice oo 20 Peel Lemon, American _____ 30 Orange, American —_... 30 Raisins Seeded, bulk ~_________ 10 Thompson’s s’dless blk 0814 eo Ss seedless, ra S ~1 = bo 5 , 25 Ib. Ib. boxes__@17 30@40, 25 Ib. 25 Ib. 18@24, 25 Ib. ~ So ® or S R boxes._.@24 Hominy 100 lb. sacks _. 3 50 Macaroni Mueller’s Brands 9 oz. package, per doz. 1 30 9 oz. package, per case 2 60 Pearl, Bulk Goods Elbow, 20 Ib, ~--.--_- 084 Egg Noodle, 10 lbs. -. 14 Pearl Barley Chester -__ cn 75 00007 2 tena 00 Barley Grits ~-.__---- 5 00 Sage Bast India 2... 10 apioca Pearl. 100" iy sacks __ Minute, 8 oz., 3 doz. 4 0 Dromedary Instant -- 3 50 FLAVORING EXTRACTS JENNINGS’ PURE FLAVORING EXTRACT ‘Vanilla and Lemon Same Price FEXTRACT! AGE 1 og. .. 1 36 16 oz. __ 16 00 3% oz. Amersealed At It 57 Years. Jiffy Punch 3 doz. Carton ________ 2 25 Assorted flavors. «FLOUR Vi... Milling Co. Brands Lily White — __ ..____ 8 30 Harvest ees MOREE 7 50 Yes Ma’am Graham, BGS 2 2 20 FRUIT CANS Mason F. O. B. Grand Rapids Halt pint 7 50 One Pint ee : 75 One «uart: 27. Half gallon __________ 2 15 ideal Glass To Halt ning) so . - 9 00 One pint 22 9 30 One quart _..0. 11°°5 Half gallon .._-.....16 4 tanned ? 4 antes alg BIE December 11, 1929 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN GELATINE Jell-O, 3 doz. ~------- 2 85 Minute, 3 doz. ------ 4 05 Plymouth, White ---- 1 55 Quaker, 3 doz. ~----- 2 25 JELLY AND PRESERVES Pure, 30 lb. pails ---- 3 30 Imitation, 30 lb. pails 1 85 Pure, 6 oz., Asst., doz. 90 Pure Pres., 16 0z., dz. 2 40 JELLY GLASSES 8 oZz., per doz. _____. __ 36 OLEOMARGARINE Van Westenbrugge Brands Carload Distributor Nucoa, Plb.. 2.02. 21 Nucoa, 2 and 5 lb. ___ 20% Wilson & Co.’s Brands Oleo @ertified 2 8 24 WEG ooo 18 Special Holl .... 19 MATCHES Swan, 144 000 Diamond. 144 box ___ Searchlizht. 144 box__ Onto Red Label. 144 bx Ohio Blue Tip, 144 box Ohio Blue Tin. 720-1¢ *Blue Seal, 144 ______ *Reliable, 144 *Federal. 144 ______ *1 Free with Ten. SUS he he OT me OT OT > > Safety Matches Quaker, 5 ero. case__. 4 25 NUTS—Whole Almonds, Tarragona__ 25 Brazil, New ~....- 17 Fancy Mixed -____-_- 24 Filberts, Sicily ---___ 22 Peanuts, Vir. Roasted 11 Peanuts, Jumbo, std. 13 Pecans, 3, star ---__- 25 Pecans, Jumbo --_---- 40 Pecans, Mammoth --_ 50 Walnuts, Cal. ____ 27@29 Hickory 0200 07 Salted Peanuts Wancy, No. 1... 14 Shelled Almonds Salted ___-____ 95 Peanuts, Spanish H25 Ib. bags 22 12 Milberts 2) 32 Pecans Salted —-__-___- 82 Walnuts Burdo —_____-_ 1 MINCE MEAT None Such, 4 doz. ___ 6 47 Quaker, 3 doz. case __ 3 50 Libby. Kegs, wet, Ib. 22 OLIVES 4 oz. Jar, Plain, doz. 1 10 oz. Jar, Plain, doz. 2 14 oz. Jar, Plain, doz. 4 Pint Jars, Plain, doz. 2 Quart Jars, Plain, doz. 5 1 Gal. Glass Jugs, Pla. 2 00 5 Gal. Kegs, each ____ 7 3% oz. Jar, Stutf., doz. 1 6 oz. Jar, Stuffed, doz. 2 9% oz. Jar, Stuff., doz. 3 1 Gal. Jugs, Stuff., dz. 2 PARIS GREEN ee ee 22 1s 28 S00 Of 2 30 PEANUT BUTTER Bel Car-Mo Brand 241 1b. Ving 2 8 oz., 2 doz. in case ___. a0 1D. paile -. 0 4 $5 Ib. paile Vue ccnaacses PETROLEUM PRODUCTS From Tank Wagon Red Crown Gasoline -- 11 Red Crown Ethyl ----- 14 Solite Gasoline ~-._____ 14 . tn tron Barrels Perfection Kerosine —__ Gas Machine Gasoline Vv. M. & P. Naphtha_. 19. ISO-VIS MOTOR OILS In tron Barrels te ee larine fron Barrels PARE 22500 65 Medium weary |... 6 Polarine 5. Tranmission Oil _____ 65.1 Finol, 4 oz. cans, doz. 1 50 Finol, 8 oz. cans, doz. 2 30 Parowax, 100 Ib. -._. 8.3 Parowax, 40, 1 Ib. ~~ 8.55 Parowax, 20, 1 Ib. ~~ 8.8 Semdac, 12 pt. cans 3 00 Semdac, 12 at. cans 5 00 PICKLES Medium Sour 5 gallon, 400 count -- 4 Sweet Small 16 Gallon, 2250 -.---. 24 50 5 Gallon, 780 --...--- 9 75 Dill Pickles Gal. 40 to Tin, doz.__ 10 25 No: 2% Ting —..... 2 25 32 oz. Glass Picked. 2 76 32 oz. Glass Thrown 2 40 Dill Pickles Bulk 5 Gal, 200 - 5 25 16 Gal, G00 -.-... 10 25 45 Gat; 1200 —-- 24 00 PIPES Cob, 3 doz. in bx. 1 00@1 20 PLAYING CARDS Battle Axe, per doz. 2 65 Torpedo. per doz. --.. 2 25 Blue Ribbon, per doz. 4 25 POTASH Babbitt’s, 2 doz. --.. 2 75 FRESH MEATS Beef Top Steers & Heif. __-_ 24 Good St’'rs & H’f 15%@22 Med. Steers & Heif. __ 19 Com. Steers & Heif. 16@18 Veal Toph oo Seki ee 21 GOOG ee 19 Medium 220 16 Lamb Spring Lamb --...-.... 24 Good 2222 22 peau 8. 20 Poor (oo 20 Mutton Good 220.2555 4 Medium) {-25.-- 0 18 POOt Se 11 Pork Eoin meds oo 20 Petts 2 oe 18 Snowmoers. 2. 2 16 spareribs 22-00 16 Neck bones .......___ 06 Trimmings --..-.----- ie be PROVISIONS Barreled Pork Clear Back _. 25 00@28 00 Short Cut Clear26 00@29 00 Dry Salt Meats D S Bellies -_ 18-20@18-16 Lard Pure in tierces ______ 12 60 lb. tubs _.__.advance 4 50 lb. tubs ___-advance 4 20 lb. pails ___.advance % 10 lb. pails _.__.advance % 5 Ib. pails _._.advance 1 3 lb. pails ___-advance 1 Compound tierces ____ 12 Compound, tubs ______ 12% Suasages Bologna oo 18 Diver 2060 18 Hrankfong 2000 21 Og | 31 Neal 0 19 Tongue, Jellied ________ 35 Headcheese __.___..__ 18 Smoked Meats Hams, Cer. 14-16 lb. @ 24 Hams, Cert., Skinned 56-13 ip @24 Ham, dried beef Knuckles @42 California H ~~ @17 Picnic Boiled oe Hams 22 20 Boiled Hams ______ Minced Hams ______ @ Bacon 4/6 Cert. 24 @30 Beef Boneless, rump 28 00@34 00 Rump, new __ 29 00@32 00 Liver Beet 17 Cal aa 55 Pork ae 10 RICE Fancy Blue Rose a. 0536 Fancy Head ____ a. RUSKS Dutch Tea Rusk Co. Brand. 36 rolls, per case a 18 rolls, per case Tha 2 rH 12 rolls, per case _. 1 66 12 cartons, per case __ 1 70 18 cartons, per case _. 2 55 36 cartons, per case __ 5 00 SALERATUS Arm and Hammer __ 3 75 SAL SODA Granulated, 60 Ibs. cs. Granulated, 18-2% Ib. ce Packages _______ 1 20 COD FISH Middles (2002 20 Tablets, % Ib. Pure __ 19% doz, 8 1 40 Wood boxes, Pure __ 30% Whole Cod | 11% HERRING Holland Herring Mixed, Kegs ________ 1 00 Mixed. half bbls. ____ 9 75 Mixed, bbls, 2. 17 50 Milkers, Kegs ______ 110 Milkers, half bbls. __ 9 75 Milkers, bbls. ____ . 4&8 50 K K K K Norway __ 19 50 S Ib patie 2 1 40 Cut Lunch 1 50 Boned, 10 Ib. boxes __ 16 Lake Herring % Bbl., 100 Ibs. ____ 6 50 Mackeral Tubs, 60 Count, fy. fat 6 60 Pails, 10 lb. Fancy fat 1 50 White Fish Med. Fancy, 100 Ib. 13 00 SHOE BLACKENING 2.in 1, Paste, doz. _._ 1 35 E. Z. Combination, dz. 1 38 Dri-Woot, doz. _._. 2 00 Bixhys, Dogz. 1 35 Siindla, doz. =... 90 STOVE POLISH Blackne, per doz. __ 1 35 Black Silk Liquid, dz. 1 49 Black Silk Paste, doz. 1 25 Enameline Paste. doz. 1 35 Enameline Liquid, dz. 1 35 E. Z. Liquid, per doz. 1 40 Radium, per doz. eo sy Rising Sun, per doz. 1 35 654 Stove Enamel, dz. 2 80 Vulcanol, No. 5, doz. 95 Vulcanol, No. 10, doz. 1 35 Stovoil, per doz. ..... 3 00 SALT Colonial, 24, 2 lb. -... 95 Colonial, 86-144 _...__. 1 25 Colonial, Iodized, 24-2 1 50 Med. No. 1 Bbis. ____ 2 85 Med. No. 1, 100 Ib. bk. 95 Farmer Spec., 70 Ib. 95 Packers Meat, 50 Ib. 57 Crushed Rock for ice cream, 100 Ib., each & Butter Salt, 280 lb. bbl.4 24 Block. 50 Ib. 40 Baker Salt, 280 lb. bbl. 4 10 24, 10 Ib., per bale _.___ 2 45 50. 3 Ib., per bale _.__ 2 85 28 bl. bags. Table —___ 42 Old Hickory, Smoked, G10 Ih) 2 4 50 Free Run’e@, 32 26 oz. 2 40 Five case lots -__._. 2 30 Iodized, 32, 26 oz. _. 2 40 Pive ease lots ...... 2 30 BORAX Twenty Mule Team 24, 1 lb. packages -- 3 25 48, 10 oz. packages __ 4 35 96, 44 oz. packages __ 4 00 SOAP Am. Family, 100 box 6 30 Crystal White, 100 __ 4 20 Bie Jack, 60s, -_ Fels Naptha, box Flake White, 10 Grdma White Na. Jap Rose, 100 box __-_- Pairy, 100 box ...._ q Palm Olive, 144 box 10 50 Lava, 100 box 4 90 1 Ole un ~ Oetagon, 120 —.._____ 5 00 Pummo, 100 box ---- 4 85 Sweetheart, 100 box __ 5 70 Grandpa Tar, 50 sm. 2 1 Grandpa Tar, 50 lIge. 3 50 Fairbank Tar, 100 bx 4 00 Trilby Soap, 100, 10¢ 7 25 Williams Barber Bar, 9s 50 Williams Mug, per doz. 48 CLEANSERS r Corps} S80 can cases, $4.80 per case WASHING POWDERS Bon Ami Pd., 18s, box 1 90 Bon Ami Cake, 18s --1 62% ah) Climaline, 4 doz. ____ 4 Grandma, 100, Ge _... 3 5 Grandma, 24 Large .. 3-i Gold ust, 1005 --. } Gold Dust, 12 Large 3 Golden Rod, 24 4 La France Laun., 4 dz. 3 Old Dutch Clean, 4 dz. 3 Octagon, 968 ___..._. a Rinso, 408 200 3 Rinso. 249. 200003 G Rub No More, 100, 10 C2 3 Rub No More, 20 Lg. 4 Spotless Cleanser, 48, O20) Oe Sani Flush, 1 doz. _ Sanolo, 3+ doz... Soapine, 100, 12 oz. Snowboy, 100, 10 oz. Snowboy, 12 Large —_ Speedee, 3 doz. ______ Sunbrite, 60s ..... Wyandote, 48 _.______ t 2Wh oS ee ee Wyandot Deterg’s, 24s 27 SPICES Whole Spices Allspice, Jamaica Cloves, Zanzibar Cassia, Canton — Cassia, 5c pkg., doz. Ginger, African —_____ Gimger, Cochin | a Mace, Penane ___.__ 1 39 Mixed. No tf 3. @32 Mixed, 5c pkgs., doz. @45 Nutmegs, 70@90 _____ @59 Nutmegs, 105-110 _. @59 Pepper. Black ss @46 Pure Ground in Bulk Allspice, Jamaica @35 Cloves, Zanzibar ____ @46 Cassia. Canton ______ @28 Ginger, Corkin ___. @35 Mustard (2000: @32 Mace, Penang _______ 1 39 Pepper, Black ________ @55 Nutmess @59 Pepper, White ___._. @80 Pepper, Cayenne ____ @37 Paprika, Spanish ____ @45 Seasoning Chili Powder, 15¢ ____ 1 35 Celery Salt, 2 oz = 95 WEG. 2 OA Go 90 (mon Sale 2 I 35 Gare oe 1 36 Ponelty, 336 o2. === 3 95 Kitchen Bouquet ____ 4 50 Laurel Leaves ______ 20 Marjoram. 1 62. 9¢ Savery. § oz 22 | 90 Thyme, 1 on 2. 90 Tumeric, 2% oz. a0 90 STARCH Corn Kingsford, 40 lbs. __ 11% Powdered, bags ____ 4 50 Argo, 48, 1 lb. pkgs. 3 60 Cream, 48-5 4 80 Quaker, 40-1) 07% Gloss Argo, 48, 1 Ib. pkgs. 3 60 Arso, 12. 3 ib. pkes. 2 62 Argo, 8 5 lb. pkgs. __ 2 97 Silver Gloss, 48, Is __ 114 Elastic, 64 pkgs. _._ 5 35 Tiper, 485§ 90 3 30 Diser, 50 Ibs 06 SYRUP Corn Blue Karo, No. 1% __ 2 77 Blue Karo, No. 5, 1 dz. 3 91 Blue Karo, No. 10 __ 3 71 Red Karo, No. 1% __ 3 05 Red Karo, No. 5, 1 dz. 4 29 Red Karo, No. 10 __ 4 01 imit. Maple Flavor Orange, No. 1%, 2 dz. 3 Orange, No. 5, 1 doz. 4 Maple and Cane Kanuck, per gal. _.__ 1 50 Kanuck, 5 gal. can __ 6 50 Maple Michigan, per gal. __ 2 75 Welchs, per gal. __.. 3 26 COOKING OIL Mazola Pints. 2 dom, 02s 6 75 Quarts, | dow. 6 25 Half Gallons, 1 doz. — 11 76 Gallons. % doz -_. 11 30 TABLE SAUCES Lea & Perrin, iarge.. 6 00 Lea & Perrin, small__ : 36 Poenuer 2.003 6 Royal Ming __......... 3 40 Tobasco, 2 oz, ..----.. 425 Sho You, 9 oz., doz, 2 25 Bl, lanme 4.2 4 75 Aa) mall 3 15 Capes, 3 om, 3 30 TEA Japan Medium 2... 35-@ 35 Chglée 37@52 Maneg 2000 52@61 No. 1 Nibbe 2 54 | iD. pike. Sifting 14 Gunpowder Ghee 2 40 Paneg 20. 47 Ceylon Pekoe, medium ________ 57 English Breakfast Congou, Medium _______ 28 Congou, Choice ____ 35@36 Congou, Fancy ____ 42@43 Oolong Medium (2 39 Choke 45 Raney 50 TWINE Coton, 3 ply cone _____ 40 Cotton, 3 ply Balls ____ 42 Wook G ply — 15 : VINEGAR Older. 40 Grainy + 22 rhite Wine, 80 grain__ 25 White Wine, 40 grain__ 19 | WICKING No. @. per eross 80 No. 1. per gross _ 1 25 No. 2, Der arouses ____.. 1 50 No. 3. per gross 2 30 Peerless Rolls, per doz. 90 Rochester, No. 2, doz. 50 Rochester, No. 2 das 00 Rayo, per doz. ee 75 WOODENWARE Baskets Bushels, narrow band, Wire handles 175 Bushels, narrow ‘band, wood handles ______ Market, drop handle__ : HH Market, single handle_ 95 Market, extra _ [1 ae spin, laree 8 50 Splint, medium __ — 1 oe Sone smal (0 7 6 59 Churns Barrel, 5 gal., each __ 2 40 Barrel, 10 gal., each__ 2 55 3 to 6 gal., per cai. 16 Paiis 10 at. Galvanized Jo Sao 2 at. Galvanized __ 2 95 14 qt. Galvanized ____ 3 10 12 at. Flaring Gal. Jr. 5 00 10 qt. Tin Dairy 4 00 Traps Mouse, Wood, 4 holes. 60 Mouse, wood, 6 holes_ 70 Mouse, tin, 5 holes __ 65 Rat wood 1 00 Rat. spring (00 2) 1 00 Mouse, Sring ‘ me Tubs zarge Galvanized ____ Medium Galvanized ee , * Small Galvanized — on © WO Washboards Banner, Globe ________ 5 50 Brass, Simsig 6 25 Glass. single _________ 6 00 Double Peerless _____ 8 50 Single Peerless ______ 7 50 Northern Queen ______ 5 50 Universal 0 Ta i Wood Bowls 13 Im. Batter 2. 5 00 15 in. Butter __ 9 00 17 mm. Butter 18 00 19 in, Butter 25 -00 WRAPPING PAPER Fibre, Manila, whi No. i Wibre ’ . oe%d Butchers D F_ 06 ee Kraft Stripe ee 0914 _ YEAST CAKE fagic, e008 2 70 Sunlight, o dog 70 sunlight, 11% doz. ___ 1 35 Zeast Foam, 3 doz. __ 2 70 east Foam, 1% doz. 1 35 YEAST—COMPRESSED Fleischmann, per doz. 30 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN December 11, 1929 I WILL 1 WILL make this day worth while. I WILL drop the past, remembering it only as a valuable path through which I walked into the now. I WILL take up the work of the day as a personal pledge to do my best, with interest and enthusiasm. I WILL do the things I have failed to do Leki. I WILL attempt new things that I know now that I can do. I will go ahead. I WILL play the game to-day with a warm heart and a cool head. I WILL smile when | feel like frowning. I will be patient when | feel tempted to scold. | will take personal command of myself. I WILL be loyal to the concern for which | toil. I will be faithful to all my trusts. I will master the smallest detail. [ will boost—not knock. I will do—not intend. [| will get things done. I WILL work because I like to. I will be fair and just because there is no other way to win. I WILL do right because it is right. I wi'l drink defeat, if it comes at times, as good medicine. I will sweat by courageous effort—determined to succeed at all times. I WILL be careful of my time, considerate of my health, jealous of my honor. I will help make the day great for anyone with whom I come in contact. I will work for the people whom I serve with all my heart and with all my mind and with all my strength. For in the glory and success of my concern is hidden the glory and success of my own self. I WILL make the day worth while! George Matthew Adams. aOR ae December 11, 1929 How To Figure Costs With Absolute Safety. (Continued from page 20) you did not add the 2 per cent. for swells. Add that 2 per cent., which figures out to 3.2c per dozen. and longer can you sell for 20c. Your price must now be 2lc. True, such advance changes your margin into 35.11 per cent. plus, but you must get 2lc be- cause you can not split a cent. On the other hand, this is a fine chance to make a price of two cans for 4lc, and that is a splendid selling figure, psy- chologically, so the system is justified from every angle. In fact, such ac- curacy in figuring justifies itself from a thousand angles, as you will find the more accurately and exactly you fol- low out its logical ramifications. In the coffee which is laid down at your sta- paid or allowed, case of a bag of roasted tion, freight good practice is to add drayvage cost, plus 4c per pound for good measure— even assuming that you get full weight, which you must, of course, handle with great exactness. All such charges must be figured with the utmost exactness—down to the utmost decimal. You may feel that it is tedious work. It may be such to progress in its practice, it will take on fascination and the vast intimacy you begin with. But as you will acquire with your own business will be found to be ample reward for all the work. We learn from such work the ex- treme value of getting precisely enough —not more. We learn the importance of pricing our merchandise at precise- ly the correct figure—and not more. We learn what a tremendous influence a slight percentage can have on our pricing—as witness the canned item I have analyzed. In fact, we find that exact cost ac- counting is the beginning of business wisdom. Having learned that, we are ready to go upward with certainty such as is impossible on any by-guess and be-gosh system. There are some other phases of this question which I shall cover next is- sue. Meantime, I hope you will study these. Paul Findlay. —_>+.___ Proceedings of the Grand Rapids Bankruptcy Court. Grand Rapids, Nov. 25—On this day was held the first meeting of cred.tors in the matter of Arthur Beane, Bankrupt No. 3777. The bankrupt’s wife was pres- ent in person and represented by attor- ney John J. Smolenski. One claim was proved and allowed. No creditors were present or represented. The bankrupt’s wife was sworn and examined, in lieu of his examination, without a reporter. No trustee was appointed. The first meeting then adjourned without date, and the case will be closed and returned to the district court, as a case without assets. On this day also was held the first meeting of creditors in the matter of Jesse R. Fish, Bankrupt No. 3945. The bankrupt was present in person and rep- resented by attorney Frank I. Blake. No creditors were present or represented. No claims were proved and allowed. No trustee was appointed. The bankrupt was sworn and exam’ned without a re- porter. The first meeting then adjourned without date, and the case has been closed and returned to the district court, as a case without assets. On this day also was held the first meeting of creditors in the matter of David A. Kennedy, Bankrupt No. 3957. The bankkrupt was present in person and represented by attorney P. A. Har- tesvelt. No creditors were present or rep- resented. No claims were proved and allowed. No trustee was appointed. The bankrupt was ordered to pay the filing fee within six months. The case then adjourned without date, and the matter MICHIGAN will be closed and returned to the dis- trict court, as a case without assets, upon the payment of the filing fee. On this day also was held the first meeting of creditors in the matter of John Huyser. Bankrupt No. 3948. The bankrupt was present in person and rep- resented by attorney R. L. Newnham. No cred.tors were present or represented. Claims were proved and allowed. No trustee was appointed. The bankrupt was sworn and examined without a re- porter. The first meeting then dajourn- ed without date, and the case has been closed and returned to the district court, as a case without assets. Nov. 25. We have to-day received t} schedules, reference and adjudication in the matter of John V. Byrne, Bankrupt No. 3970. The matter has been referred to Charles B. Blair as referee in bank- ruptcey. The bankrupt is a resident of Grand Rapids, and his occupation is that of a salesman. The schedule shows as- sets of $150 of which the full amount is claimed as exempt, with liabilities o. $1,695. The court has written for funds and upon receipt of same, the first meet- ing of creditors will be called, note of which will be made herein. Nov. 25. We have to-day received the schedules in the matter of Oscar F. Gold- man, Bankrupt No. 3936. The matter has been referred to Charles B. Blair as ref- eree in bankruptcy. This is an involun- tary case. The schedule shows assets of $550 of which $350 is claimed as exempt, with labilities of $2,114.28. The = first meeting will be called, note of which will be made herin. Nov, 26. We have to-day received the schedules of Gerrit Folkingra, Bankrupt No. 3953. This is an involuntary case. The schedules show assets of $3,767.11 of which $500 is claimed as exempt, w.th liabilities of $25,805. The first meeting will be called promptly. Note of which will be made herein. In the matter of Archie Herbert Brad- ford, Bankrupt No. 3676, the trustee has heretofore filed his final report and ac- count, and a final meeting of cred tors was held Oct. 28. The bankrupt was present in person and represented by at- torney R. C. Annis. No creditors were persent or repesented. Claims were approved and and allowed. An order was made for the payment of expenses of administration and a first and _ final dividend to creditors of 3 per cent. No objections were made to the discharge of the bankrkupt. The final meeting then adjourned without date. In the matter of Wallace A. Stanley, Bankrkupt No. 3734, the trustee has here- tofore filed h’s final report and account, and a final meeting of creditors was held Nov. 12. There were no appearances. The trustee’s final report and account was considered and approved and = al- lowed. Claims were proved and allowed. An order was made for the payment of expenses of administration, as far as the funds on hand permit. There were no dividends. No objections were made to the discharge of the bankkurpt. The final meeting then adjourned without date, and the case will be closed and re- turned to the district court, as a case without assets over expenses. In the matter of Dent Barber & Beauty Supply Co., Bankrupt No. 3636, ete., the trustee has heretofore filed his final re- port and account, and a final meeting was held Nov. 12. There were no ap- pearances. The final report and account of the trustee was approved and allowed. Claims were rpoved and allowed. order was made for the payment of ex- penses of administration, as far as the funds permit. There were no dividends. No objections were made to the discharge of the bankrupts. The final meeting then adjourned without date, and the case will be closed and returned to the district eourt in due course. In the matter of Betty Peet Vogler, Sankrupt No. 3915, the trustee has filed his first report and account, and an order for the payment of expenses of ad- ministration and taxes has been made. Nov. 28. We have to-day received the schedules. reference and adjudication in the matter of William B. King, Bankrupt No. 3973. The mattes har been referred to Charles B. Blair as referee in bank- ruvtecy. The bankrupt is a resident of Kalamazoo, and his occupation is that of a laborer. The schedule shows assets of $250 of which the full amount is claim- ed as exempt, with liabilities of $1,550.28. The court has written for funds and up- on rece’pt of same, the first meeting of creditors will be called, note of which will be made herein. Nov. 23. We have to-day received the schedules, reference and adjudication in the matter of Orin B. Treat, Bankrupt No. 3972. The matter has been referred to Charles B. Blair as referee in bank- ruptey. The bankrupt is a resident of Grand Rapids, and his oececuvation is that of a pharmacist. The schedules show assets of $2,345.07 of which $350 is claim- ed as exempt, with liabilities of $3,580.41. The court has written for funds and up- on receipt of same. the first meeting will be called. note of which will be made herein. The list of creditors of said bankrupt is as follows: City of Grand Rapids ____.___._- $ 41.40 Hoekstra Ice Cream Co.. G. R. 1,448.00 Citizens State Bank. Plainwell __ 175.00 Woo Pell. Plainwell oo.) co 8.65 Mrs, Liggzie Kelkey, Plainwell .-.- 700.00 TRADESMAN W. C. Treat,, Grand Rap‘ds -- . 221.46 Lower Peninsular Power Co., : WIGOlh: 12.89 Dr: Copp, Piainwell —_..___-__ So 10.00 3urns & Burns, Plainwell -_-_--- 14.98 Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co., Grand Rapids: 2.) 167.73 Vadsco Sales Corp., New York —_ 52.74 Cristy Safety Razor Co., Fremont_ 7.50 Slocum Bros., Kalamazoo _____.__ 4.17 Skinner & Sons, Kalamazoo 18.57 U. S. Trading Stamp Co. _unknown Jewell & Vaughan, Otsego _ FOG Century Picture Shop, Grand Rap. 8.57 Perfect Picture Shop, Grand R. unknown Coleman Drug Co., Kalamazoo __ 50.00 Carl F. June Days, Des Moines oo 49.00 Koleers, Grand Rapids _......_.... 1.25 Tr angle Avt Fub. Co. N. Y¥. ___- 5.37 G. R. News Co., Grand Rapids —_~- 7.09 G. Wiersum & Son, Grand Rapids — 90.00 VandenBerge Cigar Co., G.R. unknown Miller Candy Co., Grand Rapids -_ 23.48 Standard Builders Corp., Kalama. 84.11 X Cigar Co., Grand Rapids pe 14. 19 Hoekstra Ice Cream Co., Grand R. Meyers Electric Co., Grand Rapids El Products, Detroit —_- General Cigar Co.. Chicago ____-- Lee & Cady. Grand Rapids ____-- Sherwod Hall Co,, Grand Rapids__ Frederick Stearns & Co., Detroit . Ohio Truss Co., Cincinnati Le 6.13 American Briar Pipe Co., Chicago 4: Johnson Paper & Supply Co., Kala. 14.80 Carroll Dunham Smith Phar. Co., New York ---_. = EE ne < Miller Dis. Co., Chicago : C.M.C. Medicine Co., Zattle Creek H. Van Henenaam & Bros, Zeeland Viking Chemical Co., Chicago Pratt Food Co., Philadelphia John Holland Pen Co., Cincinnati Lewis Med cine Co., St. Louis __ Gillette Razor Co., Boston Senin Apex Stamping Co., RiRverdale a International Chemical Co., Chicago Penslar Co., Detroit —__- ore 5.83 Rutland Fire Clay Co., Ruth ind, Vt. 7.90 Scotts Peprarations, New York 4.00 bo a mele Oali tie bos National Ass'n Retail Druggist, Chicago 222 st £6.00 Chadwick Map Co., Ann rAbor ___ 3.00 D. J. DuSar. Holland ___- : 7.34 Nutone Co., Churubusco, Ind. _ 8.00 D. & W. Rottschafer Real Estate, {ine., Grand Rapids fe unknown Shaw News Co., Grand Rapids 12.85 In the matter of Gerritt Folkringa, Bankrupt No. 3953. The first meeting has been called for Dec. 18. In the matter of John - ~~. ___ Recent Business Changes in Ohio. Cincinnati—The Multner Brothers Co., in the grocery and meat business at 4005 Hamilton avenue, has been incorporated with a capital of $20,000. Cleveland—D. Crawford will open a delicatessen store at 2225 Taylor road. Cleveland—N. J. delicatessen Saba will move his from 5911 Euclid avenue to 6009 Euclid avenue. Cleveland—Mrs. Rae Lavenson will open a grocery and delicatessen store at 849 East 105th street. Cleveland—W. Scott will open a delicatessen 12710 Superior avenue. Cleveland—Max Mandel will move his grocery and meat 2299 to 2309 Lee road. Columbus—J. W. Smith purchased the Columbian market at Sullivan and Columbian avenues from H. W. Purdy. Dayton—Jchn A. Messler has sold his grocery and meat market at 1233 Danner avenue to Mrs. C. Pflum. Dayton—O. L. Eikenberry has op- ened a grocery and meat market at 323 South Broadway. Logan — A delicatessen store has heen opened by Montgomery & Ga- briel on West Main street. McConnelsville—Frank Finley, who is in the wholesale meat business here, will open a retail department. Pemberville—Chas.* Fahle has sold his grocery and meat market to E. E. Williamson. store store at market from Toledo—Carl Ackerman has sold his grocery stock and meat market at 1387 Sylvania avenue to Harold J. Wendt. Toronto—]. M. Fisher has sold his meat market on North Fourth street to Chaffee Brothers. Dallas Wilkins wil! soon open a meat market on West Main street at the location formerly occupied by the Wilkins and Hunt meat market. Barnesville — ee Handling String. Wrapping cord is one of the annoy- ances of the retail grocer. If it is kept low in the store it is in the way and when put on a high shelf the hanging end is always getting in some one’s way. A grocer in Minneapolis fasten- ed a strip of wood to his top shelf in such a manner that the end came over the center of the counter. Running his cord through two screw eyes placed in the top of the wooden strip, he allows the twine’s free end to drop to within a few feet of the counter. Now his string is always handy and never in his way. — —__ >... A Slight Difference. ‘The Waiter: Did you have split pea or barley soup, sir? The Diner: I don’t know; it tasted mostly like boiled soap. The Waiter: Oh, that was split pea, then; the barley soup tastes like glue. es * oe ITH losses lower, with expenses lower, with no inside profits for invested capital—you would expect the net cost of Mutual insurance to be less. It is. The saving in cost is not made at any sacrifice in safety and strength. The - mutual plan of operation is right. Mutual insurance is better protection. Because it is better it costs less. May sound unreasonable if you are not informed. An investigation is convincing. For the sake of yourself and your bus- iness, investigate. MUTUAL INSURANCE Is An Investment of Good Judgement Toh. | as a i hat GG —<— ATi N rm j Muy i no A Oy ie P18 ASTERPIECES _ Q Ny BAKERS ART — or a my Ya Cl proves” or every 0 sccm \ : > = ECONOMY THE MILL MUTUALS imme AGENCY Representimg the Michigan MICHIGAN MILLERS MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY (MICHIGANS LARGEST MUTUAL) AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES Combined Assets of Group $45,267,808.24 20% to#40Y% Savings Made Since Organization = i FIRE INSURANCE—ALL BRANCHES Tornado— Automobile— Plate Glass Why Sacnifice Profits? It is not necessary when you stock and sell well-known merchandise on which the price has been established through years of consistent advertising. In showing the price plainly on the package and in advertising K C Baking Powder Same price for over 38 years 25min 5 (more than a pound and a half for a quarter) we have established the price—created ‘a demand and insured your profits. You can guarantee every can to give perfect satisfaction and agree to refund the full purchase price in which we will protect you. Millions of Pounds Used by Our Government ae ote ict