Michigan Tradesman. Published Weekiy. THE TRADESMAN COMPANY, PUBLISHERS. $1 Per Year. VOL. 9. a RAN D RAPIDS, MAY 11, ae NO. 451 Jennings’ Flavoring Extracts SEE QUOTATIONS. NO ‘BRAND OF TEN CENT — Gur G. F. FAUDE, Sole Manufacturer, IONIA, MICH. TELFER SPICE COMPANY, MANUFACTURERS OF Spices and Baking Powder, and Jobbers of Teas, Coffees and Grocers’ Sundries. Land 3 Pearl Street, GRAND RAPIDS THE NEW YORK BISCUIT 60. S. A. SEARS, Manager. Cracker Manufacturers, 37,39 and 41 Kent St., - Grand Rapids. GS. S. BROWN, JOBBER OF Foreign and Domestic Fruits and Vegetables, Oranges, Bananas and Karly Vegetables a Specialty. Send for quotations. 24-26 No Division St. Make No Mistake! Send your order for fine Chocolates. hand-— made Creams, Caramels, and Fruit Tablets. Marshmallows, etc., to A. E. BROOKS & CO., cial list of Fine Goods. 46 Ottawa St., Grand Rapids, Mich Get our spe Grand Rapids Storage & Transfer Go, Limite Winter St. between Shawmut Ave. and W. Fulton. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. General Warehovsemen and Transfer Agents, COLD STORAGE FOR BUTTER, EGGS, CHEESE, FRUITS, AND ALL KINDS OF PERISHABLES. Dealers and Jobbers in Mowers, Binders Twine, Threshers, En- gines, Straw Stackers, Drills, Rakes, Tedders, Cultivators, Plows, Pumps, Carts, Wagons. Buggies, Wind Mills and Machine and Plow repairs, Ete. Telephone No. 945. MUSKEGON BRANCH — STATES BAKING CO., ccessors MUSKEGON CRACKER Co., HARRY FOX, Manager. Crackers, Biscuits « Sweet Goods. MUSKEGON, MICH. SPECIAL ATTENTION PAID TO MAIL ORDERS. Every Bookkeeper Will Appreciate a Blank Boo’: that Opens Flat. The MULLINS FLAT — SPRING BACK BOOK, Made in Michigan by the it 5 Awold inrstintgy Von. Is {the Best in the Market. Write for price 29-31 Canal St.,, Grand Havias; Mich. J. ¥. F. BLAKE, Sup’t. 3 MUOSELEY BROs.., - WHOLESALE - FRUITS, SEEDS, BEANS AND PRODUGE, 26, 28, 30 & 32 OTTAWA ST, Grand Rapids, Micn. The Green deal Cigar Is the Most Desirable for Merchants to Handle be It is Staple and will fit any Purchaser. Retails for 10 cents, 3 for 25 cents. send Your Wholesaler an Order, HARVEY & HEYSTEK, JOBBERS IN Wall rapier, Window ohaes i Acta Moultings. eS —— We sco ageis alty of S ahaa 15 & 77 Monroe +) tennis: Bl k £3 coniak Bt, Grand Rapids. ©. NN. RAFF & CG, 9,North Ionia St., Grand Rapids. WHOLESALE FRUITS AND PRODUGE. Mail Orders Receive Prompt Attention. CIcAR™ CEMON & WHEELER COMPANY. IMPORTERS AND Wholesale Grocers GRAND RAPIDS sagan cx Company. Manufacturers of MOW Cases: Of Every Description. WRITE FOR PRICES. First-Class Work Only, GRAND RAPIDS 63 and 65 Canal St.. - Uo You Hun a Store? IF SO TRADESMAN, SUPERIOR OR UNIVERSAL 9% COUPON BOOKS ARE EXACTLY WHAT YOU NEED! BETTER than any other Coupon System and FAR SUPERIOR to PUNCH, BRASS OR PAPER CHECKS. We can refer you to Hundreds run their stores without it. Write for particalars, prices and free samples to THE TRADESMAN CONIPANY, Original and Largest Manufacturers of Coupon: Books in the United States. 100 Louis Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. of Merchants who are using Our System, who would n« | BANANAS Season now Well Opened. Buy Them of THE PUTNAM CANDY CO. Buy of the Largest Manutacturers in the aon 2... aes: aa y Renown to the Arts. 3) = POWDER, FUSE, CAPS. eel ES Electric Mining Goods, ZEnOULES, AND ALL ae FOR STUMP BLASTING, THE GREAT STUMP AND ROCK SALH BY THE ANNIHILATOR. HERCULES POWDER COMPANY, 40 Prospect Street, Cleveland, Chie. J. W. WILLARD, Managere Agents for Western Michigan. Ae pNS SHG Write for Prices, TOOLS: é ETC. NEW CROP. EVERYTHING FOR THE GARDEN, Send for ne ue autiful Illustrated Catalogue MAILED FR Clover and Grass aan Seed Corn, Onion Sets, and Seed Potatoes. All the Standard Sorts and Novelties in Vegetable Seeds, BROWN’S SEED STORE, 24 amp 26 Noarrn Division Srager. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 1 0 ea Sok ew Fe saa en peesrees: a VOL. 9. PARENTS—Give your children a knowledge of Book-keeping, tt Typewriting, ete. IT WILL BE i? , FOR THEM — MM MONEY. Educate them at o Grand Rapids, Mich., Busi- ness College, Ledyard Block, corner Pearl and Ottawa-sts. Visit us. For catalogue address A. 8. Parish, successor to C. G. Swensberg. Mention this paper. Fire & Burglar Proof All Sizes and Prices. Parties in need of the above ent ee to correspond I. Shultes, Pa Diebold Safe Co. MARTIN, MICH. Wayne County Savings Bank, Detroit, Mich. $500,000 TO INVEST IN BONDS Issued by cities, counties, towns and school districts of Michigan. Officers of these municipalities about to issue bonds will find it to their advantage to apply to this bank. Blank bonds and bla: ks for proceedings supplied without charge. All communications and enquiries will have prompt attention. This bank pays per cent. on de posits, compounded semi annually. S. D. ELWOOD, Treasury. The Bradstreet Mercantile Agency. The Bradstreet Company, Props. Executive Offices, 279, 281, 283 Broadway, N.Y CHARLES F. CLARK, Pres, Offices in the principal cities of the United States, Canada, the European continent, Australia, and in London, England. Grand Rapids Office, Room 4, Widdicomb Bldg. HENRY IDEMA, Supt. Fine Millinery! Wholesale and Retail. SPRING STOCK IN ALL THE LATEST STYLES NOW COMPLETE. MAIL ORDERS ATTENDED TO PROMTLY. ADAMS & CO., 90 Monroe St., - Opp. Morton House. A. J, SHELLMAN, Scientific Optician, 65 Monroe Street. Eyes tested for spectacles free of cost with latest improved methods. Glasses in every style at moderate prices. Artificial human eyes of every color. Sign of big spectacles. NU FIRE ligt Bune Iys — 7¥° CONSERVATIVE, SAFE. S. IF’. ASPINWALL, Pres’t __W. Fasp McBain, Sec'y ESTABLISHED 1841. a RUA aL I lh A a THE MERCANTILE AGENCY rt. G. thin 2 Co. Keference Books issued quarterly. Collections attended to throughout United States and Canada \BARLOW BRO'S"»BLANK BOOKS = one Te UM e Vat) aa em) Vedat eae iL ait Par GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, “MAY 11, 1892. COMMERCIAL CREDIT CO 65 MONROE ST. Formed by the consolidation of the COOPER COMMERCIAL AGENCY, AND THE UNION CREDIT CO., And embodying all the good features of both agencies. Commercial reports and current collections receive prompt and careful attention. Your vatronage respectfully solicited. Telephones 166 and 1030. L. J. STEVENSON, Cc. A. CUMINGS, Cc. E.. BLOCE. FOR SALE, We have for sale a store and general stock of goods at Deer Lake, Mich. The stock is well kept up and of good assort- ments. We will sell the stock indepen- dent of the store building. For particu- lars address (sterhont & Fox Lumber Co., Grand Rapids, Mich THOMAS STOKES, WHOLESALE DEALER IN SALT FISH, New York City. Represented in Michigan by J, P, WISNER, Merchandise Broker, 304 North Ionia St., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Who will quote prices by mail or call on dealers wishing a supply for Lenten trade, ASPHALT FIRE~PROOF ROOFING This Roofing is guaranteed to stand in ali places where Tin and Iron has failed; is super- ior to Shingles and much cheaper. The best Roofing for covering over Shmgles on old roofs of houses, barns, sheds, ete.; will not rot or pull loose, and when painted with our 5 FIRE-PROOF ROOF PAINT, Will last longer than shingles. Write the un- dersigned for prices and circulars, relative to Roofing and for samples of Building Papers, etc. H. M. REYNOLDS & SON, Practical Roofers, Oor. Louis and Campanu Sts., Grand Rapids, Mich. TWO WOMEN. Jim Harden, with much deliberation, drew toward him the tobaceco-can and proceeded to stuff the bowl of his pipe full of the weed. It was significant. We knew we were about to hear what Jim called an ‘‘antidote,’? and our faces and attitudes at once expressed profound in- terest. “Women,” said Jim, between puffs, ‘tis queer cattle—yes, they be. A feller thinks he has th’r p’ints, an, mebbe keeps on thinkin’ so fer awhile. Then he finds out, all of a suddint, th’t what he thinks he knows an’ what he don’t know is more nigh alike th’n what he thinks he knows an’ what he does know. One woman ain’t no more like ’nother woman, th’n I be like that—wal, like that stove, f’rinstance. ’Cause why? ’Cause th’r p’verse. They be, an’ they eain’t help it, none whatever. More- overmore, they don’t wanter help it— that’s th’ p’versity of ’em. W’y, ye never seep no woman that’d be, ’r do, ’r think like ’nother woman ef she hung fer not doin’ it. Th’r all ’like, all right *nough, in them respecks, but not any more. Yec’n pick out y’r female where- ever ye please, an’ I don’t keer ef she’s th’ mos’ commonist, ev’ry-day sort 0’ critter, ye cain’t find ’nother one wi’ th’ same markin’s. Th’ Lord A’mighty, didn’t make ’em that way no more’t all cattle is short-horns, an’ I’ve saw a lot. “I was jes’ thinkin’ of a couple o’ cases I e’n rec’ lect. “Up in Dakoty, 1 knowed a feller th’t hed a regular thor’ugh-bred wife. His name was Sammis, an’ he kep’ store up to Bessemer, also sellin’ wagons an’ grain. He was a fine feller, this Sammis, an’ nothin’ was too good fer him, not even his woman, an’ they was reg’lar stuck on each other. Mis’ Sammis had all they was goin-—Sammis had dust, an’ he wasn’t ’fraid t?put it up. They had a fine house, kep’ a Chinese cook an’ a hired girl, an’ had ev’rything folks ec’n hanker fer, includin’ warious trips t’ Omahaw an’ Ch’cago ev’ry year. I knowed ’em a long time, an’ I never seen folks get long so smooth t/gether—jes’ like them doves that sits on th’ fence b’ th’ stable. They’d b’en hitched seven ’r eight year, had a brace of as likely kids as ye ever seen, an’ still folks used t’ say, allers, how much them Sammises did sot by each other. It beat th’ dooce, sure, an’ might’ve went on fer all time, ef Sammis hadn’t gone an’ gotinter trouble. ‘*Come one year, bizness was slack at the store—cash bizness, I mean—an’ Sammis, he let out a heap o’ stock on time, fer grub-stakes an’ th’ like. But he’d likewise be’n playin’ poker some, as uzhal, an’ was shy fer stuff w’en one day some o’ th’ people he was owin’ called fer him t’ settle up. He’d b’en borryin’ dust fr’m th’ ec’lections he’d made fer some of ’em, ’xpectin’ t? pay up right soon, but he didn’t e’nect proper, an’ they sinched ’im. Ev’rybody at Besse- mer took ahand—’xcept a few o’ them th’t e’d’ve helped him most, an’ oughter- *ve did it—an’ tried to help Sam out, but, feelin’ innercent, Sam, he wouldn’t MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. NO. 451. have it, none whatever, an’ tol’ them Eastern cusses th’t seein’ they didn’t wanter wait t’ll fall, an’ git a fa’r squar- up, they e’d go t’ th’ devil, an he’d go t’ jail. So they sen’s ’im up two year beltin’ rock in th’ pen. We'’d’ve got a gang t’gether an’ took ’im ’way f’m th’ offusers, but Sam sent us word he didn’t want nothin’ o’ th’ sort—he was goin’ ?? take his sassyfras like a man; an’ he done it. ‘‘Now, don’t think fer a minute th’t all this time Mis’ Sammis wa’n’t doin’ nothin.’ Great Enoch! that woman hustled like a major—went t’ the men as was sinchin Sam, an’ begged, an’ plead- ed, an’ might’ve got ’em to give in, ef Sam hadn’t been so uppish with ’em. She looked jes’ orful, durin’ th’ trial, an’ took on tur’ble w’en th’ jedge sent’nced Sam. She didn’t look like she useter fer a long time; jes’ got paler ’n more peakid-like, an’ folks thought she was goin’ t’ die off, sure. ‘Bout three months later, she went t’ see Sam, an’ Sam, he tol’ me ’bout it a couple years ago. They had a real scene, jam-full o’ tears an’ real spoony love, an’ Sam wanted t’ know ef it wouldn’t be better fer her t’ git a devorce, ’cause he was a disgrace t? her. Then, o’ course, she falls on ’is neck an’ weeps a hull lot, an’ sez as how she’ll stick t’ him till th’ ol’ Harry goes inter th’ ice-cream bizniss, ’r somethin’ like that. ‘An,’ gents, it wa’n’t three months longer b’fore she gits her dog-gone de- voree, an’ splices with a bald-headed ol’ duffer f? Pennsylvany, th’t’d come t’? Da koty t? git unhitched hisself! Oh, it was tough, I tell ye. Sammis, he’s out now, doin’ good bizness, an’ got his kids—at Bessemer, too, b’gosh—an’ also behavin’ hisself. But he was consid’ble broke up w’en th’ woman shuck ’im.” Here Jim paused to refill his pipe, and took advantage of the opportunity briefly to debate the question as_ to whether or not Mrs. Sammis was justi- fied in doing as she did. ceeded. ‘*Th’ other case I was thinkin’ of is diff’runt a hull lot. Th’ woman in it was ’bout th’ same calibre as th’ other one, I reckon, but more perseverin.’ Then Jim pro- TWENTY THOUSAND RETAIL GROCERS have used them from one to six years and they agree that as an all-around Grocer’s Counter Scale the ‘‘PERFEC- TION” has no equal. For sale by HAWKINS & CO., GRAYD RAPIDS, MICH. And by Wholesale Grocers generally. 2 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. “It was up in Dakoty, too, this here ease; over ’t Gilman, ’bout twenty mile fr’m Bessemer. I was sheruff, then, an’ knowed ev’rybody in that blame county. B’sides, th’ gyurl was asorter relation 0’ mine, how I know s’ much *bout it. come t “This here gyurl was a dandy high- stepper. Her ol’ man was well fixed, an’ she’d went t’ school t? St. Louis, an’ was purty Blame gyurl, stunnin’ purty an’ nice, but persnickety, th’ finest an’ best-fixed boys in th’ county wanted ’er, an’ she turned up ’er nose at th’ hull bilin.’ Treated ’em all nice, an’ all that, but treated ’em all alike, w’ich was onpleas- persnickety. fine 7cause some 0’ ant fer th’ boys. ‘Th’ trouble was, 1 reckon, she’d be’n readin’ a hull lot o’ blame trash, an’ *xpected some prince was comin’ ‘long t’ offer hisself, w’ich did happen, only he wa’n’t no prince, ’xcept, mebbe, ’cordin’ t? her notion. It was a blame dood fr’m somewhere East, th’t struck town an’ got job a’tth’ Cleveland smelter, keepin’ time—a feller named, ’r callin’ hisself, Ward Fortescue. ‘“‘He hadn’t hardly struck th’ camp b’fore him an’ Mame meets each other, an’ is mashed, most immejit. He was one o’ these slim, purty ducks th’t e’n sing lots an’ put up a real smcoth talk, these sweet warts th’t a feller aches t’ spank an’ kick. git stuck an’ make book-love—one 0’ I s’pose it’s women’s natur’ tv on ’em, ’cause they alus do. “Anyhow, Fortescue, as he called his- self, wades right in an’ rushes Mame fer ali he was worth, an’ Mame she liked it all right, so ’twa’n’t long ’ftore she up an’ tells her folks th’t him an’ her is goin’ t’ Th’ of lady tickled lots, ’eause Fortescue had lied t’ her con- git spliced. was sid’ble ’bout his folks, an’ how rich they was, an’ so on; but the ol’ man kicked right smart, tellin’ Mame th’t Mister Dood had got t? cough up his papers an’ show his hand, likewise givin’ Smith names 0’ people they c’d write to fer recommends. ‘‘Mame, as I said b’fore, had sperrits herself, an’ she kicked hard, sayin’ she e’d do as she pleased; but th’ ol’ gent got hot in th’ colla tol’ her v up, wich she done, keepin’ up heaps o’ thinkin’ all th’ time. “Th’ ol’ gent come t’ chinned awhile; then he went Berry Wright, th’ lawyer, an’ he wrote some letters, wich, fer a wonder, was answered real prompt. Pinkerton’s agency wrote th’t th’ d’scription b’long- ed t? a chap named Ward th’t was want- ed in Michigan fer shakin’ his wife an’ boss, an’ was of age an’ her own ran shet me an’ an’ seen one leavin’ th’ bank he worked fer in th’ hole. *“] tuk th’ letter an’ started fer Smith’s, after ’'d et supper. On th’ up, here come Smith, like a hen with ’er head cut way off, shakin’ han’s with hisself, an’ tur’- ble *xcited, ’cause he’d be’n t’ see Fortes- cue, an’ Fortescue told ’im he was dead sure t? marry th’ gyurl ef she didn’t shed ’im. “TI tol’ th’ ol gent ’bout th’ letter an’ other evidence, an’ he felt better. Then we walked up t’ th’ house an’ waded in- ter th’ gyurl, provin’ t’? her th’t th’ cuss they D’ye you think she keered? was as low-lived a scamp as was out 0’ jail. Oh, no. She jes’ rips out at me, an’ you bet, she roasted me bad, windin’ up b’ | hopin’ she’d never see me again. Then she turns on th’ ol’ gent with a lot o’ rot *bout his slanderin’ Fortescue, an’ how foller ’im t’ the devil, ’r somewheres. “Th’ next mornin,’ her an’ th’ dood was missin.? They went t’ th’ nex’ camp, got married by a justice o’ th’ peace, an’skipped. She wrote t’ th’ ol’ folks fr’m Denver, askin’ t’ be forgiven, an’ sayin’ how happy she was; but her pa wrote back sayin’ she c’d come home jes’ w’en she pleased, if she’d leave Ward—Smith called ’im Ward, w’ich was his name, sure ’nough—an’ came Vt stay. “Did she come? I sh’d say no. She stuck t? Ward, an’ got treated like a dog fer it. He used t’? get drunk and ’buse Mame, an’ raise Cain all sorts 0’ ways— an’ still didn’t kick none. We never give Pinkerton any more inf’rma- tion, so Ward wasn’t bothered none f’r a couple o’ year. Then he up an’ run away f’m Mame an’ th’ kid, leavin’ ’em nary red; but it jes’ happened he met a feller th’t knowed ’im, an’ he was gently runned in ’an tuk t? Michigan. They socked it to ’im hard, too, ’cause his first wife’s folks was riled up, an’ th’ bank he’d stole from was likewise achin’ t’ take a fall out of ’im. ‘“‘Mame? She’s at D’troit—I don’ know how she got there—takin’ in sewin’ an’ tryin’ t? keep her an’ th’ kid alive till that skunk gits out o’ jail. *‘Don’t women beat th’ very dooce?’’ And Mr. Harden shook his head and sighed heavily. R. L. KETCHUM. she i ein Hard Hearted Grocerymen. The Greeley-Burnham Grocery Co., of St. Louis, reports the following exper- ience with a Texas grocery firm: On Mareh 12 we received a telegram, sent at our expense, and signed ‘‘C. W. Collum & Co., Decatur, Tex.,” asking us to send them around trip ticket to St. Louis and return, as they desired to come to this market and buy goods. We replied that we were a little short on round.trip tickets at the present time, and were unable to comply with the request. We then received another telegram, also at our expense, asking us to send a salesman to Dallas to meet them. This being a little more reasonable, we tele- graphed our salesman to go to Dallas, which he did at an expense of $16, only to find fifteen or twenty other salesman, who had been summoned by mail or wire for the same purpose. Our representa- tive succeeded, however, in getting the order, which amounted to the munificent sum of $325, and which, in traveling ex- penses, telegrams, etc., had already cost nearly 10 per cent. to sell. The sales- man returned home, kicking himself every few minutes at having spent three days’ time and $25 in money to sell a $325 order. Reaching home tired, weary and disgusted, he found a telegram from C. W. Collum & Co. (also sent ‘‘collect”) countermanding the entire order. His feelings may be imagined. For genuine, unmitigated gall and im- pudence, we must say that C. W. Collum & Co. beat the record up todate. They are daisies, and no misiake. 2 New Business Block at Negaunee. NEGAUNEE, May 5—Having fully de- cided to erect a brick block during the coming summer, P. B. Kirkwood is now negotiating with the Masonic lodge, with a view of putting on a third story, the entire floor space to be fitted up for the purposes of the order. Should the ar- rangement be effected, contracts for clear- ing the site will be made as soon as pos- sible, as well as for the erection of the new structure. It is the purpose to have the new building ready for occupancy within four months from the time work is commenced. stone, with plate glass fronts, and will | some ones of the street. The erection of the building makes a break in a wooden :row which will tend to lower insurance rates of the entire block. | she loves the blame rascal, an’ is goin’ t’ According to the plans, | the front will be made of brick and red |} 1 a Sly Y” re BEST WN 4 l) i p THEWORLD R MANUFACTURED BY p WILLIAMS & CARLEXON. HARTFORD,CONN. = ® Always in Sight. Every dozen packed in handsome SHOW STAND which greatly increases the sale as itis ALWAYS IN SIGHT. 25e Size, $1.75 per dozen, or 8 dozen for $5.00 For Sale by all Dealers. ——— ge ( ABSOLUTELY PURE PEPPER C= aes EDWIN.J. GILLIES & CO. 245 10249 WASHINGTON ST NEW YORK. wi NA A VAAN UL STAR MARACAIBO COFFEL Are the leading brands sold in this market. 1. Via ee, General Representative, 167 N. Ionia Street, GRAND RAPIDS, CUTS for BOOM EDITIONS —OR— PAMPHLETS MICH. | be the most elegant of the several hand- | | For the best work, at reasonable prices, address THE TRADESMAN COMPANY. MICHIGAN Fire & Marine Insurance C0 Organized 1881, Fair Coutracts, Kouitable Rates, Prompt Settlements. The Directors of the ‘‘ Michigan” are representative business men of our own State. D. WHITNEY, JR., Pres. EUGENE HARBECK, Sec’y. Do You Desire to Sell Garpels al Lave Carta By Sample? Send for ovr Spring catalogue SMITH & SANFORD, Grand Rapids, Mich. HESTER & FOX, AGENTS FOR Plain Slide Valve Engines with Throttling Governors. Automatic Balanced Single Valve Engines. Horizontal, Tubular and Locomotive BOILERS. Engines and Boilers for Light Power. Prices on application. 44-46 S, Bivision St., Upright Grand Rapids. SCHLOSS, ADLER & OU, MANUFACTURERS AND JOBBERS OF Pants, silrts, Overalls ——AND—— Gents FUPMSHNe Goods. 184, 186 & 188 JEFFERSON AVE., DETROIT, MICH. rere rena ee 5 PONE IST? a f : a Yq cali ae te MS 2 tapes the teen! i ? Debit cules ae te MS 2 = eee « cee ‘saapipa aire te yma tee, 4 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. GIVE THE BOYS A CHANCE. | Written for THE TRADESMAN. | My tast article im this line of thought was descriptive of the unfortun- | ate condition of the American citizen | who finds himself upon the stage of action | to-day without means and with a wife | and family on his hands; and, owing to} early neglect or wasted opportunities, compelled to face the world as acommon, unskilled laborer. An appeal was made | to the present generation of men to give their boys a chance to suceessfully fight the battles of life, by preparing them for the higher planes of industry and the more skillful lines of usefulness. The boys of one short generation ago, who were given a chance and improved their opportunities, are the men who turn the wheels of industry to-day. They are the skilled Knights of Industry, whose handicraft produces the wealth of the nation and furnishes us with everything material to our comfort and happiness. The spectre of idleness possesses no ter- rors for them, for the world will always have need of their efficiency and skillful- ness. It is only the raw material of humanity who are compelled to carry the hod and siand on the street corners and wait for the next job. The demand for mere brute force is becoming less and less all the time and the time is rapidly approaching when the man who can offer the world nothing better than this will receive mighty little recognition for his unsolicited contribution. These boys of the past, who were given a chance and embraced it, are the men who pour into our streets when the whistles scream out the signal for the close of the day’s labor. They come from the factories and shops and, as they wend their way homeward, they pass scores of the raw material class standing on the street corners, growling at the times and cursing at everything In general, because there is nothing to do. These are the chronic grumblers and perpetual kickers and their name is legion. Follow one of these skilled workmen to his home and what will you find? Yes; his home, and paid for, or being paid for, out of surplus wages. You will find a neat, cosy little cottage and in that cottage carpets are upon the floors and oil paintings adorn the walls. In the sitting room stands a book-case, well stocked with books and magazines; a fancy rack upon the wall contains the morning or evening paper—perhaps both; one or more instruments of music —quite frequently an organ or a piano— and a sewing machine are found there. Upon an extension table in the dining room, awaiting the labor-stained Knight, is spread the supper, fit for a king, and more luxurious in its make up than was ever prepared for a knight of skilled labor in any other land beneath the sun. Add to all this a happy,contented and well provided for little wife, and two or three bright-eyed and neatly-dressed American born babies, and you have the picture of an average, industrious and temperate artisan’s home in this country. The writer lives in a section of the| city where these homes abound and he knows what he is writing about. Among | them are carvers, pattern makers, plumbers, builders, book-binders, paint- | ers, printers, ete., and all receiving $2.50 upwards per day, with steady work the | year round. The writer is acquainted with a salesman in one of our leading | by fitting them for some | more sample. dry goods stores, who receives a salary | of $1,600 per year. ‘‘What!” I hear| i some incompetent idler exclaim, who has | become too delicate for manual labor | and has concluded to wait for some ‘‘soft | |snap” to turn up, ‘‘a clerk in a dry| goods store getting $1,600 per year?” Just so, my young imbecile; but you must remember that this man has full} and complete charge of the carpet de-| partment of this establishment. He was cradled, so to speak, in this branch of industry, and received in early life a thorough training in this mereantile pursuit. His early practical experience, followed by a close attention to business, has made him an expert in his line and fitted him for the responsi- ble position which he holds. This man, naturally, is no brighter than hundreds of other men who are not capable of earning one-third as much, simply be- cause he was trained and prepared for some usefulness, while they were not. The writer has no desire to commit himself as to the merits or demerits of the plumbers’ strike, now pending in this city, but there is one statement em- bodied in the reply of the employers to the set of rules adopted by the men which has the genuine ring of common horse sense in it. They stated that they would ‘‘treat with each man individu- ally, as to his wages, under the new order, on the basis of his value to them.’’ This is surely the only just and equitable basis of treatment in all cases involving an interchange of values— and labor and wages should be no excep- tion to the rule. Every one knows that ten hours’ labor of one man may be worth $3.50, while ten hours’ labor of another man may not be worth more than $2.50. Now, suppose some arbi- trary power undertakes to compromise the matter by fixing a uniform price of wages at $3, and then forces these men on employers at this fixed schedule of prices. The employer who might be so untortunate as to have the poorer man assigned to him, would be compelled to pay him 50 cents per day more than he could earn, which would be an act of in- justice to such employer. On the other hand, the employer to whom was assign- ed the better man, would get the benefit of his labor for 50 cents per day less than he earned, which certainly would be an act of injustice to this workman. This may be construed as a sort of charitable or mutual benefit system; but, in the writer’s opinion, it is unreasonable, theoretically, and promotive of bad re- sults, practically. It undertakes to annul natural law by applying unnatural law. It tries to uphold the weak by suppressing the strong. It attempts to foster incompetency at the expense of superior capacity. In fact, it puts a premium on mediocrity and retards ad- vancement, and reverses the engine of | haman progress. 1 repeat the admonition of my former article—give the boys a chance, useful oceu- E. A. OWEN. ne ann Use of Samples. pation. Weary clerk (after cutting off twenty- | | five samples of dress goods)—Is that all, madam? Miss Grabbe—Um! My mother is so particu- lar. Cut me off a piece from that roil under your hand. Little Sister (loudly)—Why, Moll, that won’t do at all. going to have any blue in that crazy quilt, ’cause it always tades. particular | 1 would like one| Mother said she wasn’t | PECK’S” CASH REGISTER WE SELL MORE Registers | EE Business Men Than all the Other Register Combined, Companies Why is the Peck Autographic Cash Register the Best for Merchants? Because it records items instead of General Results. Because it is always ready to make and preserve a record of money pair iin and out. Because there aré no “charge slips,” “received on account slips,” ‘‘paid out slips” out slips” to be lost and break the record. Because a merchant can file away his entire day’s business on one sheet to the record of any previous day. Because figures won't lie, but machinery, if out of repair, is bound to. Because it is not necessary to send it to the fac tory every six months for repairs. Because you are a obliged to strike three or four keys to register one amount. Because it is simple, practical, reasonable in price, and accomplishes the results that merchants desire. LOBDELL & GEIGER, Gen’l Agents, 39 Pearl St., Grand Rapids, Mich. and ‘‘just and refer in an instant “Not How Chea heap, but How Good.’’ | “Blue Label’ Ketchup SOLD ONLY IN BOTTLES, Will be found to maintain the high character of our other food products. We use only well-ripened, high-colored Tomatoes, seasoned with pure spices, thus retainiag the natural flavor and color. PREPARED AND GUARANTEED BY CURTICE BROTHERS CO, Rochester, N. Y., U.5. A. BALL-BARNHART-PUTMAN CO.,, Distributing Agents. Cream Laid Bill Heads E have an odd lot Cream Laid Bill Heads which we will close out while present supply lasts at the same price as our cheapest paper. : 500 1000 2000 : 1-6 size, 84 in, wide, 6 lines, $165 $250 $4 50 _* 66 * 3 10 COTTON a Cotton Sail Twine..28 |Nashua......... ... ee... 12 Rising ' Star 4- a Tee ...........- 18% 3-ply. a eens -— (ete oe... ..... ——_ 13 |Wool Standard 4 we be onary Velley...... = ewes... IxXL 18% PLAID OSNABURGS Be. i 6%|Mount Pleasant.... 6% Ales... .-...-.-- 6%4/Oneida............-. 5 BOE 6o vores cuss Tu rrymout ........-.- 5% ye 6 |Randeiman......... 6 I oo. chine tae 614| Riverside..........- 5% Grariee ........-. cee OM ISIDICY Bowes cccv cere 6% ew EaVer......... ‘oledo.... “ae. WE aE vices cease sceene wg ; ‘ ore qq as ‘ ® ore qq THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. BUSINESS LAW. Summarized Decisions from Courts of Last Resort. FRAUDULENT REPRESENTATIONS—STOCK. The Supreme Court of Minnesota held, in the recent case of Redding vs. Wright et al., that if a member of a corporation offering his stock for sale, falsely and fraudulently represents that the corpo- ration is not in debt and is making profits of a specified amount, and there- by induces one to purchase his stock, he is responsible for the fraud, even though the purchaser might have discovered it by investigation into the affairs of the corporation. HUSBAND AND WIFE—MORTGAGE. The Supreme Court of Indiana held; in the case of Wilson et al., vs. Logue et al., that a mortgage given by a husband and wife upon real estate held by them by entireties to secure a note given by them for the husband’s separate debt is void, and that where a building upon land held by husband and wife by en- tireties is destroyed by fire, and the husband informs the wife of his inten- tion to rebuild it and the wife does not object, and is present when material bought by the husband is delivered and used for such purpose without objection, she is estopped to deny her liability, and the material man is entitled to a lien for the material furnished. EXEMPTION—TAXATION—FACTORIES. The Supreme Court of Mississippi held, in the ease of Greenville Ice & Coal Co. vs. City of Greenville, that an act entitled an act to encourage the establishment of factories in the state and to exempt them from taxation, and exempting from taxation for ten years the machinery used for the manufacture of cotton and woolen goods, yarns or fabrics composed of these or other materials, or for the mak- ing of all kinds of machinery or imple- ments of husbandry, or all other things or articles not prohibited by law, did not exempt ice factories, but exempted only machinery used for making articles of like character with the articles enum- erated. NEGLIGENCE—DEFEFCTIVE ARTICLE. If one engaged in the business of man- ufacturing goods not ordinarily of a dan- gerous nature, to be put upon. the market for sale and for ultimate use, so negligently constructs an article that by reason of such negligence it will obvious- ly endanger the life or limb of any one who may use it, andif the manufacturer, knowing such defects and knowing that the same are so_ concealed that they are not likely to be discovered, puts the article in his stock of goods for sale, he is liable for injuries caused by such negligence to one into whose hands the dangerous implement comes for use in the usual course of bus- iness, even though there be no contract relation between the latter and the man- ufacturer. So held by the Supreme Court of Minnesota in the case of Schu- bert vs. J. R. Clark Co. TELEPHONE SERVICE—DISCRIMINATION. The decision rendered by Judge Wales, in the United States Circuit Court at Wilmington, in July last, granting a mandamus compelling the Delaware & Atlantic Telegraph & Telephone Co. to place a telephone in the Wilmington office of the Postal Telegraph Co., has been affirmed by the Circuit Court of Appeals in a decision rendered at Phila- delphia. The refusal of the defendant company to grant the plaintiff company the privileges demanded was based upon the claim that the Western Union Tele- graph Co. had secured by special con- tract the exclusive right to the use of its service. The Court of Appeals said that while telephone and telegraph com- panies are not required to extend their facilities beyond such reasonable limits as they prescribe for themselves, they eannot discriminate between individuals of classes which they undertake to serve. >.> Use Tradesman Coupon Books. Hardware Price Current. These prices are for cash bwyers, who pay promptly and buy in full packages. AUGURS AND BITS. dis. og ES a i 60 EE 40 Seanemen Soeeiee ..... 25 weniings, tmitation ................. Lacs ee 50&10 AXES. Firat Quality. S. B. Bronze......4........... $750 . im eos... 12 00 . = 8. oo. wicer............ ...... 8 50 i 2. 5. ‘Steel ee delle eke e ec. 13 50 BARROWS. dis. Berea | ....... 8 14 00 Garces. ..... net 30 00 BOLTS. dis. ee 50&10 ( arrlage mow Oe. lodeeteuceues 70&10 OM 40&10 Sleigh We 70 BUCKETS. Wear, wa... 8 : = Wer setve......... BUTTS, CAST. —" Cast Loose Pin, foured........ .......-....- 0& Wrought Narrow, bright 5ast joint.......... 66&10 Winwee too rie... 60410 Wrest Fee... 60&10 Wrought Inside oe Beebe ee eee ae coke 60&10 Wrereet eee... 5 Blind, Clark’s . Blind, Parker’s.. 70&10 eT 70 BLOCKS, Ordinary Tackle, lat April 17, 'S5........... 60 CRADLES. ee dis. 50&02 CROW BARS. CONG Teen. per 5 CAPS. Meets .......... per m 65 , 60 G. Na 35 ae. . 60 CARTRIDGES. ee 50 emeems Pare... tec ce dis. 25 CHISELS. dis. BOCEGE BIMMGE 8. ce eee me pce 70&10 Rocher Pram. oe oe 70&10 Ce ee 70&10 Butchers Tanged Wirmer............ -..... 40 cOMBS. dis. Curmy. Lemrenees.......................... 40 WO a... B CHALK. White Crayons, per gross.......... 12@12% dis. 10 COPPER, Planished, 14 oz eut to size... .. per pound 28 14x52 i ieee, tage... 26 Cold Rolled, 14x56 and 14x60.... ...... 0.00. 23 Cold Rolled, Siem. .......... 23 eee ieee 25 DRILLS. dis. Mocs Hit Stocks....................... rl Taper and straight Shank.............. eceee 50 Bigwe 6 Peres ei... ....... 50 DRIPPING PANS. Seaail eieee, Ser pound ...................... oF Bercomecr, per pound...... ......... ..... G&G ELBOWS. Com € woee 6im................... dos, net vis) ee eae dis 40 epee ce ec dis. 40410 EXPANSIVE BITS. dis. Clark's, email, 18; large, @26................ 30 Deen. 1, Gs: © Oe; 3 oe ................... 25 ¥FILES—New List. dis. a 60&10 (ee 60&10 eee... ............ ec 60810 OE 50 ew @ALYVANIZED IRON. Nos. 16 to 20; 22 and 24; 2 and 26; 27 28 List yr 13 14 15 16 17 Discount, 60 GAUGES. dis. Stanley Rule and Level Co.’s............... 50 HAMMERS. ROPES. Maydole & Co.’s............ ..dis, 25 | Sisal, % inch and larger Kip’s.. veee tenes ae) 6 | ele ee. Yerkes & Plumb’s. aaetn 13 50 Ce dis.60—10 | 14x20 = ii Allaway Grade........... 6 = pened... dis. 70 | 14x201X, Cs ee 7 eae Po i RIVETS. dis. 20x28 IC, . “ i Sy Toon and Tianed....................-------- 40 | 20x28 IX, - = ~~ . 15 50 Copper Rivets and Burs............--++++++ 50—10 BUILER SIZE TIN PLATE. PATENT ee —. as 19 - ae = Be ee i 00 “A? Wood’s patent planishe os 0 2 ee Os ewe “BY Wood's at, planished, Nos. 25 to 27... 9 20 | 14x56 * for No. : Bollers, fer pe sell. 10 Broken packs 4c per pound extra. 14x60 TX THE FAVORIT E CHURN. The Only Perfect Barrel Churn Made. POINTS OF EXCELLENCE. It is made of thoroughly seasoned material. lt is finished smooth inside as well as outside. The iron ring head is strong and not liable to beak. The bails are fastened to the iron ring, where they need to be fastened. It is simple in construction and convenient to operate. a No other churn is so nearly perfect as THE FAVORITE Dont buy a counterfeit. SIZES AND PRICES. No. 0— 5 gal. to ehurn 2 gal ee 8 8 00 * -1—10 SC eee. 8 50 “ 2-5 “ r a eo 9 00 “ oop “ “cr 9 * “ 4 © “ m Ct “ Boa « “ “ « “« @€69. ** ec a *. «coe 4 ‘“ ss « a og “ 4a * Nrite for Discount. pean oO» 8 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. Michigan Tradesman Official Organ of Michigan Business Men’s Association. A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE Retail Trade of the Wolverine State, Published at 100 Louis St., Grand Rapids, THE TRADESMAN COMPANY, One Dollar a Year, - Pestage Prepaid. ADVERTISING RATES ON APPLICATION. Communications invited from practical busi- ness men. Correspondents must give their full name and address, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Subscribers may have the mailing address of their papers changed as often as desired. Sample copies sent free to any address. Entered at Grand Rapids post office as second- class matter. t=" When writing to any of our advertisers, please say that you saw their advertisement in THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. E. A. STOWE, Editor. WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, 1892. ADVANTAGES OF COMPETITION. The advantage of competition to the consumer is well illustrated by the con- dition of affairs in Denver, Col., where a large part of the community is enjoying the free use of as much water as is wanted. It is the result of a war between the Citizens’ Water Company and the American Water Company. Both companies have been fighting for various street franchises for some time. Recently the Citizens’ learned that the American was furnishing water to their customers at half price, whereupon the former company announced that until further notice they would eharge nothing. The consumers, however, will have to pay for it in the end, when one com- pany has succeeded in freezing out or buying out the other. A survey has been made _ between Chicago and St. Louis for an _ electric railway. The distance covered is 250 miles. The route surveyed is said not to touch a single city, village, or hamlet. It even avoids all the graveyards and hits only three or four isolated houses. By tke use of this air line a cheap right of way has been secured and a saving of thirty-one miles in distance, as compared with the shortest railroad between the two points has been rendered possible. The road is designed purely for through business, and it is claimed that a speed of 100 miles per hour will be attained by the cars built for this road. While a sufficient volume of currency. is of great importance, yet good faith and business honor are of more vital consequence in the long run. Every dollar issued by our government must be as good as every other dollar. This makes our credit good; and under this limitation we could stand an increase of many billions of dollars in our circula- ting medium. Under any other condi- tions a large increase would prove most disastrous. The monthly report of the Treasury $84,000,000 for twelve months. The per capita circulation is put at $24.72, a slight increase as compared with April 1, when the per capita circulation was estimated at $24.68. People like to live in a town where real estate is lively, but when an earth- quake takes the moving business in hand they think it is overdone. The best candidate doesn’t run for office. He lets the office run for him. Keep your credit good by not using it any more than you can help. How Not to Make a Sale. A ‘‘visitor within our gates” stepped the other day into a big Boston clothing store not many miles from Washington street, with intent aforethought to pur- chase a spring overcoat. He was met at the door, says the Herald of that city, by an elegantly attired getleman, who courteously and with a polite waive of the hand directed him within. At first the visitor hesitated a little, for the place seemed filled with counters on which coats, vests and trousers were piled up to prodigious heights, and it promised to be difficult to find the article of which he was in search. But on gazing around, he gradually observed that at each long counter a gentleman was stationed, presumably to help people to find what they wanted. The ambitious customer cautiously approached the man in charge of the first counter and asked to see a spring overcoat. The attendant, using the _ politest Euglish, promptly indicated how glad he would be to effect a sale; then, without stirring from his place at the head of the table, he indicated a pile of spring over- coats some five paces down the counter. The visitor walked to the pile, took off one of the coats, tried it on, and found it not to his taste. He thereupon walked back to the attendant, and asked to be shown another specimen of the same genious. The man of clothing, who, in the meantime, had been contemplating the decorative effects of a local artist on the ceiling, affably pointed to another pile right at the end of the counter. The would-be customer again made his way to the pile indicated, and sought there for a spring overcoat that would fit him. He failed again, and again came back to the attendant. In the interim, the attendant, still motionless as a statute at the head of his counter, had been watching the street through the plate-glass window. ‘‘Found the one you wanted?’’ he ask- ed, with a polite inclination. ‘“‘No,” said the visitor, ‘‘can’t I make a trade with you?’’ ‘“‘Trade?”? said the other. ‘‘I thought you came in to buy a spring overcoat.” “Yes,’’ said the disgusted visitor, ‘‘and I thought you were here to sell one. Now,” he added, moving in the direction of the door, ‘‘my trade is this—just $100 to $1 that you won’t see me in this par- ticular store this side of kingdom come. Do you take it?’’ Before the astonished salesman could pick up his gold-bowed spectacles, the door slammed to, and another customer had gone away—as Hans Breitman has it —*‘‘in die Ewigkeit.”’ 2 Attention is directed to the advertise- ment of John Le Duke in the Wants Column. The business advertised is deserving of investigation. > _ 4 The orange market is getting higher and fruit is becoming scarce. Lemons are in good supply and prices are low. Bananas are plenty and very reasonable in price. a Dynamite has been superseded in | Sweden for blasting purposes. Electric Department shows that there was a net | wires are introduced in the rock and increase in the circulation for the month of April amounting to $4,930,724. total circulation on May 1 was estimated at $1,613,572,244, The an increase of over! | then heated. The sudden heating of the | rock rends it in pieces, quietly and effec- hepa without peril to human life. WM. H. HOOPS. Brief Sketch of a Genuine Michigan ‘*Hustler. ”’ Wm. H. Hoops was born in Jackson in 1850 and received his early education in the public schools of that place. When about 14 years of age he entered the em- ploy of the Michigan Central Railroad as clerk in the freight office there, resigning a year later to take the position of assist- ant cashier of the company’s main freight office in Chicago. This position he held for four years, when he was pro- moted to that of chief cashier—a most responsible position—which he held un- til April 1, 1876, when he resigned to go op the road for the wholesale grocery house of W. J. Quan & Co. Although he had had no previous experience in the business, either in wholesale or retail trade, he started out after ‘‘posting up” ten days, winning success from the start. His territory included all the towns in ’ Michigan covered by bis house and it is a matter of common knowledge that no Michigan salesman was ever able to cover more territory, see more customers and sell more goods in the grocery line than Mr. Hoops. He worked early and late six days a week, nearly sacrificing health and strength as the price of suc- cess, acquiring in the mean time a com- fortable competence. Jan. 19, 1886, Mr. Hoops purchased the interest of John G. Shields in the wholesale grocery firm of Shields, Bulkley & Lemon, when the firm name was changed to Bulkley, Lemon & Hoops, Mr. Hoops resigning his position with Quan & Co. to take an active part in the management of the business. On the retirement of Mr. Bulkley, Mr. Hoops became manager of the financial depart- ment of the house, in which capacity he strikingly exhibited those traits of char- acter which strongly marked his career on the pathway to success as a salesman. He insisted that his customers should pay their bills quite as promptly as if they were dealing with Chicago or New York houses, and the stand thus taken has since been very generally adopted by all of the houses at this market. Early in 1889 Mr. Hoops formed a copartner- ship with A. J. Tucker and Wm. E. Bar- rett, under the style of Tucker, Hoops & Co., which firm purchased the lumbering and general merchandising plant of Wil- son, Luther & Wilson, at Luther. Mr. Hoops retired from the wholesale grocery business on July 1 of that year, when he entered upon the work of bringing order out of chaos in the venture at Luther—a task for which he was peculiarly adapted. He soon succeeded in thoroughly system- atizing every branch of the business and the firm is commonly credited with hav- ing realized handsome returns from a business which had proved disastrous for the former owners and bore little evi- dence of prosperity when assumed by Tucker, Hoops & Co. Mr Barrett retired from the firm a fiew months after its for- mation and on Sept. 1, 1891, Mr. Hoops purchased the interest of Mr. Tucker,. since which time he has conducted the business on his own account, although it still runs under the old firm name. Within the last eight months, the lum- ber has all been sold and shipped, the mill sold and removed to the South, the logging railroad and engines disposed of and all other unnecessary assets con- verted into cash. Little now remains to be sold except several thousand acres of Ce Use Tradesman Coupon Books. land and the stock of general merchan- dise, both of which await prospective purchasers. In January of this year Mr. Hoops sold his residence property in this city and removed to Chicago, where he resides in a handsome and commodious residence— bought at a bargain, of course—at 4105 Drexel Boulevard. Aside from his other duties, he has found time to purchase forty-five acres of land within the cor- porate limits of Winnetka, one of the most promising suburbs of Chicago, sit- uated twelve miles North of the city. This he has platted into 396 lots as the “Wm. H. Hoops Sub-division’’ and is already putting the lots on the market. It need hardly be remarked that Mr. Hoops is a man of marked individuality, with strong likes and equally strong dis- likes. Heis a firm friend and an im- placable enemy and earries into every detail of his work the same zealous am- bition and powerful energy which have served him to such good purpose ip his sure and steady advancement from com- parative poverty to comfortable afiluence. Oe Women Drummers in the South. From the Atlanta’ Constitution. Women are gradually road as drummers. Two werein Atlanta last week. One handles paints and the other hardware. Mrs. Miller, a hand- some blonde, sells the paints. She says that commercial traveling offers an in- viting field for her sex. ‘‘You get ac- customed to traveling, and after a few weeks you do not mind the fatigue,’’ she taking to the says. ‘‘Women make good salesmen, if we can use that expression. My sex started in business by handling drugs, perfumes, soap and_ gloves. Now women are representing dozens of branches of trade.’’ ‘“*You are treated with proper respect?” “Yes, indeed. Women are not insult- ed in America so long as they conduct themselves with propriety. I think we have some advantages overmen. Weare not good story-tellers but we dispatch business. Merchants are promptin meet- ing their engagements and they do not keep us waiting for an andience. Until the novelty wears off women will have good success. After a while the business world will get used to us and merchants will tell us as quickly as they do a man that they do not want anything in our line to-day—that is, if they do not. A woman does not have to sacrifice an iota of her femininity in this occupation. Perhaps we are shown a little more court- esy and attention than men. I have never had a hotel clerk give me anything but the best sample rooms he had in the house.” “How do the expense accounts com- pare?’’ the reporter asked. ‘“‘Women have no cigar bills and no— but we won’t speak of that. Possibly the day will come when an occasional dozen of roses will be allowed to go in the expense account. As we do not smoke, I think it would be reasonable, don’t you?’’ nm Porcelain Industry in Japan. Seto-mura, a village in Owari Province, has been one of the principal centers of the Japanese porcelain manufaturing industry, and prior to the great earth- quake of October 28 last the annual out turn of porcelain exceeded $400,000 in value, over 500 furnaces and 3,500 em- ployes being engaged daily in the in- dustry. Only fifteen of these 500 furn- aces, however, remained intact after the calamitous earthquake. The porcelain merchants of Nagoya have therefore de- cided to raise a fund on behalf of the ruined manufacturers, in order to assist them to renew their business. —_————_—_o-—>—— No fish can equal the dolphin as a swimmer. It has been observed to dart through the water at a rate computed to be much greater than twenty miles an ‘hour, and is often seen swimming round and round a vessel which is sailing at highest speed. aan ss nga THE CHINESE IN AMERICA. | the very first, as was to have been ex- | A great deal has been written about! pected, there has been trouble between | the Chinese in America, but, unfortu-| John Chinaman and the United States | nately, prejudice and political interests | over the opium question. John will and have so tinctured most of the comment} must have his opium, which is really | that it has been difficult for the unin-| much more moderately used than might formed reader to form anything like just} be thought from the highly sensational conclusions on the subject. It is my! statements about ‘‘opium joints.” Of purpose here to speak only of what I| course, the drug is abused, like every- know, and twenty years’ residence in| thing else; but, considering how large a California may perhaps be thought a} proportion of the Chinese take it in some sufficient basis for the formation of posi-| form, and how small a percentage of tive opinions and the collection of facts | them are visibly affected by it, the con- upon which to ground them. clusion is justified that it does not count Personal experience does not warrant) nearly so many victims as whisky. How- mé in echoing the denunciations of the} ever that may be, the smuggling of opium Chinese which a certain class of politi-| into San Francisco has given the custom- cians have made familiar to the Ameri-| house people there a great deal of trouble, ean public. I do not believe that the) and has so educated them in the pene- Chinaman constitutes fit material for! tration of ‘‘ways that are dark and tricks American citizenship, but this belief| that are vain,’’ that a highly interesting does not rest upon any conviction of his/and decidedly curious volume could be inferiority. It springs from observation | filled with such experiences. of his non-assimilative character; from! To give the readers of THe TRrapgs- the fact that he does not adapt himself; 4AN some idea of John Chinaman’s craft to any new or strange civilization, but/ and cunning, I will give an account of a maintains his peculiar national and racial | few of the devices to which he used to habits, customs and views, no matter! resort for the economical introduction of how long he may have lived in the United | his favorite drug. At one time it came States. | to be noticed that an unusual quantity The whole trend of Chinese civiliza-| of bamboo steamer-chairs was being im- tion is away from the lines upon which} ported from China. Several such ship- we are proceeding. The Chinese theory ments had passed the cnstom-house be- of life has iittle in common with ours. | fore suspicion was aroused, and then it The Chinese system of government is/ was discovered that the hollow bamboo entirely different from the American. It| legs of the folding-chairs had been skill- is only in commerce and industry that | fully fitted with tin cylinders, filled with the old and the new civilization appear| opium. Of course, a seizure followed, to be capable of coming together. | but, no doubt, the ‘‘Heathen Chinee’’ In the struggle for existence the China- who devised the trick had already made man appears armed with exceptionally|a handsome profit on his venture, and formidable weapons, and it really is this! could afford the loss easily. fact which has caused him to be regarded! A device which was much simpler, and as an enemy by those who, possessing | therefore far more difficult to detect, had less ability to sustain themselves, have! probably been employed for years before protested against exposure to competi-|it was found out. All the Chinese who tion with him. John Chinaman, in truth, | landed in San Francisco came as steerage is endowed with most of the qualities) passengers, and, as such, of course, had which wise men everywhere and at ail|to furnish their own bedding, which, times have held to be conducive to pro-| naturally enough, being frugal-minded gress and prosperity. He is thrifty,! folks, they carried ashore with them sober, industrious, faithful to his trusts, | when they arrived at their journey’s end. patient, intelligent, quick in learning, | How long the revenue officers had been and, as a rule, honest... When such aj accustomed to confine their perfunctory man was willing to work for small wages,! inspection of John’s baggage to such} it is clear that he was a most dangerous | examination of his bed as satisfied them rival to white labor, which, especially in; that no tins of opium were sewed up in) the far west, has been handicapped by| it, will probably never be known; but recklessness, intemperance and unre-| there came a day when an officer took it liability. The Chinaman not only worked | into his head to rip open one of these | for perhaps one-third of the current} mattresses, and the result was surprising. white labor rate, but he managed to live | Sure enough, there were no tins of opi- better than in his own country, and to} um, but the entire stuffing of the mat- save money steadily at the same time. There was a period in California when} liquid opium, several pounds of which | John seemed on the point of expelling} could be distributed in this way. When | all white labor from the State. He was| the Chinaman got to Chinatown with his rapidly taking its place in almost all} baggage, the opium experts put his bed manufactures. His services as a domes- | through a process which released the tic were universally in demand. The} drug, and it was once more ready for the entire laundry business had long been in| uses of commerce. The smuggling car- hishands. Fruit-growers had discovered | ried on in this manner had, no doubt, | that no labor was so valuable as his in| been very extensive, and the loss to the picking and packing. Farmers preferred; revenue heavy; but though when the the sober, quiet, trustworthy yellow man | dodge was once discovered it could not to white hired hands, who went off every | be employed again, it was quite useless Saturday to the nearest saloon, got drunk, | to try to detect the guilty parties, and gambled all Sunday, and frequently were| the only course was to keep a brighter | unfit for work on Monday morning. |lookout for the future. But John did Since that time the Chinese influx has/ not give his enemies in the custom-house | been checked by federal legislation, and | much rest. Seareely a month passed | tress had been saturated with the semi- | | there is no longer any danger that white | without bringing to light some new and labor will be driven from the Pacific} ingenious method of evading the opium | Coast. A considerable permanent Chi-| duty. As invariably happens, though | nese population remains, however, and| governments never learn wisdom from | it flourisbes in its own quiet way. From | experience in such matters, it was the me MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. Facts Talk Louder Than Words! 387,275 SOLD 1 1886. | 3,009,070 SOLD IN 1887. 0,092,300 SOLD IN 1886. NI 690,025 SOLD IN 86 OLD AN 10 6,800,407 Sold in log. ee J i § This is not an ordinary monument, but a TABLE of EXACT FIGURES, showing the monumental success of our celebrated _ - i Po LOD 7 Tn BEN-HUR RECORD BREAKERS (10e or 3 for 25e) (The Great 5c Cigar.) These Cigars are by far the most popular in the market to-day. MADE on HONOR Sold by leading dealers all over the United States. Ask for them. bel) MO BY & GU, ManUachurers, DETROIT and CHICAGO. IT LEADS! IT LEADS! oie Ree eee, mak ad, ot These are Our Leaders: LION COFFEE, 0. D. JAVA and STANDARD MARACAIBO. ION is our leading package coffee, being composed of Mocha, Java and Rio, with a handsome picture in each package. As high-grade bulk coffees, O. D. Java and Standard Maracaibo take the lead. We guarantee these coffees to give entire satisfaction. For quotations write your jobber, or address as below: WOOLSON SPICE CO, =k, WINTERNIYZ, ROASTERS OF RESIDENT AGENT, High Grade Coffees, TOLEDO, - - OHIO. 106 KEentT ST., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 10 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. | high duty that engendered the smuggling. | A moderate one would not have made it worth while. The risk would have been too great for the profit. But the high duty was kept up, and so the duel be- tween the importers and the revenue officers continued; and the mere fact of its continuance proved, for many years, that it paid the smugglers well. The craft of the Chinese was exhibited in their selection of methods. It is to be observed that they never attempted to smuggle by means of goods in themselves likely to attract special attention. They invariably made use of something com- mon, and large quantities of which might be imported without arousing suspicion. One day a considerable shipment of Chinese shoes had been landed from the steamer. Just such shipments had been seen on that wharf scores of times before, and nobody paid any attention to them. They were put up without heavy cover- ings, so that each parcel could be easily examined. The shoes were those with thick, white soles and low heels. The sole was fully an inch thick, and with little stiffening in it. Now, a package of these innocent-looking shoes had been flung on the top of a pile of cases, and a custom-house officer happened to be lounging and half sprawling over these cases while he chatted with a comrade. As an idle man will, taken out his pocket-knife, and as he talked he occasionally stuck the point of ‘‘Heathen Chinee’’ acted, and with his | usual good fortune. It was nearly im-| possible for the most skeptical revenue | officers to fasten a suspicion upon these | barrels of eggs, everyone of which might | be passed through the hand without be- traying the faintest suggestion of iniqui- ty. Yet, as a matter of fact, these eggs were, in a startling number of instances, base impostures. Precisely how the cheat came to be revealed I do not now remem- ber, but in due time it was realized that in every package of real eggs there was | a certain (or uncertain) number of sham | ones—tin eggs—made exactly to resem- | ble the genuine article, and which, after | being filled with opium, were carefully | coated with tar, rolled in sawdust, and | laid side by side with the innocent hen- fruit. Truly the heathen Chinee is pe- | culiar for ways that are dark; but in view of the general success of his smug- | gling operations, it can hardly be said | with truth that his tricks are vain. He has led the revenue officers the | liveliest of dances, and has so stimulated sometimes, he had | umbian frontier, and placed in conven- the blade into the lid of the packing case, | on which he was leaning. diversify his knife Chinese shoes Presently, to the routine a little, he stuck which stood temptingly near; and, as he did he heard the familiar ‘click’? of metal upon metal. The sound roused him instantly from his listlessness, and it was but a moment’s so, into the heel of one of the} | vantage of it. work to rip open the thick, white sole of | the shoe, and to expose, neatly imbedded | therein, a flat tin case of opium, made to fit the cavity. In this case, again, no- body ever knew shoes had passed through the custom- house before the trick was found out. Another Chinese invention was, if pos- It had long been eggs from China. doubt, originated when the sible, still more subtle. the custom to import The practice, pioneer times, were and far ship-loads of dirty clothes were sent to China to be washed. of the clothes no few between, Not that the owners them. Your early Californian not built that way. When he had worn a shirt until it was soiled, he simply took it off and threw it away, buying a new of bothering himself about bat sundry folks took advantage of this custom to collect all the discarded linen, flannel, ete., send it to China to be washed, and on its return sell goods. business was found able foratime. At the same period, in all probability, the Chinese egg business was set on foot. Now, since the voyage sent was instead a laundry: one canny it for new The profit- how many opium-filled | in | chicken-ranches | and when} isum may be accumulated in a few years their detective faculties by the amazing | versatility and fecundity of his inven- | tion that by this time it ought to be no longer possible even for him to devise a new trick. Yet opium smuggling has never ceased, and if it has been practi- cally stopped at San Francisco, it has only been transferred to the British Col- ient connection with the other extensive business of surreptitiously introducing Chinese into California in defiance of the Exclusion Act. The racial likeness be- tween Chinamen has been a standing difficulty for years, and John, with his characteristic astuteness, has taken ad- Under the law, a China- man who had elected to live permanent- ly in California could pay a visit to China and return, and to prevent deception all possible means of identification were resorted to. The home-going Chinaman was furnished with papers which were supposed to describe him so completely that it would be impossible for any one else to use them without being at once detected. All these precautions, how- ever, proved unavailing to prevent the admission to the State of strangers. Per- haps a Chinaman had ‘‘made his pile” in California. Two or three thousand dol- lars is a fortune in China, and such a by of these extraordinarily thrifty | and abstemious people, whose living and lodging costs them very little, and who can easily save half their income upon an earning of a dollaraday. Insucha case, the man about to leave the country would never think of declaring his real } purpose to the authorities, for he would | one 'see in the papers authorizing his return | |allows such from China to San Francisco is not of the} shortest, and since eggs are fragile and perishable products, precautions were taken to preserve them in their primitive freshness. They were dipped in tar and then rolled in sawdust. Whether this process really had any preservative effect | between the two men, but there is no} thing it certainly did do, that is, make it | difficulty about that, and so the ruse | impossible to distinguish the original egg | Senerally succeeds. upon them lam unable to say; but one until each individual specimen had been earefully cleaned. a new means of profit, and no Chinaman an opportunity to escape | him. On reaching China, he looks about | for some friend or acquaintance who de- | sires to try his fortune in America, and | there are always plenty eager to grasp at such achance of wealth. Then this| adventurer is carefully coached by the California Chinaman, who knows just what questions will be asked him, and | who prepares him to meet every enquiry based upon the passport. Of course, | there must be some personal resemblance | At one time experiments were made Upon this fact the' with the French device, which consists For Bakings of All Kinds Use Fleischmann & Go.s e \ i a SUPPLIED Special attention is invited to our | YELLOW LABEL which is affixed to every cake | of our Yeast, and which serves TO DISTINGUISH To Grocers Everywhere. Our Goods from worthless Imitations, ‘ .@ If you have any beans and want tosell, we want them, will give you full mar ket price. Send them to us in any quantity up to car loads, we want 1000 bushels daily. W. T. LAMOREATIZ & (C., 128, 130 and 132 W. Bridge St., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. ® MENTG; See that this Label appears E etree oF on every package, as it is a FERMENTUM He Rivener® Br er — of the genuine ar- LHe cert NS CHICAGO ’ 6 CHICAGO 7 FERMENTUM © THE ONLY RELIABLE OMPRESSED YEAST Sold in this market for the past Fifteen Years. TL, WINTERNITZ, Telephone 566. MENTY, ee Rines Uap ef RIVERDALE DIST wen’ ee 0 oe Far Superior to any other. Correspondence or Sample Order Solicited. Endorsed Wherever Used. State Agent, Grand Rapids, Mich, 106 Kent St. WwW See that this Label appears d on every package, as it is a FERMENTU, A guarantee of the genuine else a article. cHIAGO -— in taking ink-impressions of the thumb, it being alleged that no two human thumbs were identical, and that conse- quently, whatever facial resemblances might exist, the manual test would be beyond evasion. Asitis not pretended that the entrance of new Chinamen to California has been completely prevented, the presumption must be that even the thumb-signature has failed more or less. Its.adoption may, however, have diverted the smuggling of Chinamen to the fron- tier of British Columbia, the extent of which is such as to defeat any attempt to police it effectually. The Chinese in California, with the exception, perhaps, of the wealthier mer- chants, are emphatically birds of sage, and this is one of the popular ob- jections to them. Speaking of the mer- chants, it is due to them to say that their commercial standing is very high. l have been told by a California banker of large experience that he had never lost a dollar through a Chinese merchant; that, as a class, they were scrupulously upright, and that he would sooner do business with them than with a large proportion of white men. This reputa- tion for probity attaches to the Chinese merchants of California generally, and some of these men and firms do business on a very large scale and employ a great deal of capital. Among them will be found many whose manners are refined and polished, and who so conduct them- selves as to be entitled fully to the ap- pellation of ‘‘gentlemen.’’ It is not un- common to meet in this class Chinese who speak and write several languages, and whose English is idiomatic and fiuent. Reserved and exclusive as regards their pas- ‘Tee private lives, they know how to exercise an elegant hospitality upon occasion, and not seldom, and quite after the Oriental fashion. conceal much luxury in their homes behind the most unprepossessing exteriors. The Californian doubtedly live sqnalidly. classes in all countries, mass of Chinese they are accus- tomed to crowd together, and to disre- gard sanitary principles in their general mode of life. Still the Chinese quarter of San Francisco is by no means the swarming and filthy region it was twenty years ago. Perhaps it will compare not unfavorably with the foreign quarters in most large cities, whether here or in | Europe. In some respects the compari- son would be more creditable to the Chi- nese than to their rivals, indeed, for no matter how close and dirty their quarters may be, John Chinaman, as a rule, and by some magic of his own, contrives to maintain a condition of personal clean- liness not at all common among the poor- er population of other races. No doubt, his habit of wearing clothes all of which can be washed has something to do with this, but it is also evident that he takes a pride in being and appearing clean and neat in person and dress. Even when doing the work of a navvy on a railroad, living in movable camps by the side of the track, this trait is observable in him. On Sunday he takes to the wash-tub as naturally as a sailor, and disports his sunburned face and lean, brown arms, if possible, in a spotless white jumper or a clean blue dungaree tunic. I have said that John is a sober fellow, but he has one failing which often brings him to grief. He is too commonly an un- | Like the lower | | | | | {costume he may be se | idiosyncrasies, and funny lit MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. inveterate gambler. I have boys in my employ, mere lads of four- teen or fifteen, who would repair when- ever they had money to the nearest ‘‘Fan- tan’? game, and remain there until they had lost everything. Sometimes the poor wretches would gamble away even their outer garments, and return n to work dejected and gloomy, but means the according to ext morning by no cured of Chinese servants, passion my experience, are, as a rule, faithful, —_ and honest I know some writers have ¢ with dishonesty, Chinese servants stole to cent from me, and 1 |} ple who could say as much. must know, how to in order to keep him. He humored in various ways. but in twenty years no the value of a know plenty of peo- time, one treat Johr be He has strange must tle supersti- tions, and quaint prejudices, and a very self-esteem. He and he cannot be driven, and if strong will not be bullied, not handled judiciously, no mule obstinate than he. But he is a very useful personage and a very more esting study in all his phases tions, and the more we ! him the that there is, as Sam human the man more one realizes Slick put it, ‘a good nature in i? hails from far Cathay. Geo. F. PARSONS c+ even —————_ > >< A — of Failure. From the Minneapo Commercial Bulletin. Whenever a young man is seen W ear- ing the toggery that approaches | the dt time | had Chinese | i wonld not | will be charged them ; hothing At the same | 1 of industry that w 1% neapolis st making ao ut in business life, as his years told, and he was loi under dude canes. His hands we zhtly gloved, in was ly carried a walking tas a means of support carry a baby, from his mouth protruded : man was gliding motion that pla tance as viewed f a failure. In the first | young treet with a iis impor- That boy sense on general lines, f orker has too much sense t adude. But if this is no in itself it will work to the t y’ advantage, because would see a majority of business ] to command their favor- men able consideration. e cane, the gloves, the cigar, and the gen lair would bea bloek in the way of cess at the start. There are a good many boys in the city who should learn this lesson, but their envir is unfavor- humer them practical rood very often able forit. Th instead onment ners of giving lessons ill m ake men of | them. The country boy is often misled boy’s appearance. He sees dressed young man and im- ean be | the and condi- | | reading. | ology, astr it is proper ambition to reach dress. It is a mistake. the count boy is worth a y dudes, and he can be content a firmer founda- learning the than any eane as takes brains good adozen city that he is buil Iding tion if he is worki and value of con ustry and of money, city young man who carries a part of his daily work. It to succeed in this world, not canes, and the young man who sets about it to de- velop his brain will act wisely. Every country boy should improve his opportunity to develop his mind by good Read history, good fiction, zo- onomy and other of the sci- ences. They all present wonderfully in- ias lacking in the ess - bring i teresting questions,more fascinating : than sueeess. Such young menare often seen, | di me novels, every one of which howev | weakens the mind if read. q | Cee EEE ed | Use Tradesman or Superior Coupons. «NJOTHING SUCCEEDS L!KE —— We refer particulat rapidity with which GERMAN x5 VICTOR COFFEE BAKING POW DER Have become household words and articles of daily consumption in thousands of homes GERMAN COFPEE FINE PICTURES where true AND BOOKS FREE. A TRUE MIXTURE OF OLD DUTCH JAVA AND MOCHA. SEE CERTIFICATES merit is the watehword IT Wibk PLEASE YOU, TRY IT. IN EACH PACKAGE FOR PARTICULARS. VICTOR BAKING POWDER, THE BEST $1000 paid for any article injurious to health found in VICTOR. Packed 4 doz. case, 6 0z., at 80c per doz. “ee $1.20 “ “ a. 3? Ot 9 “ gS « “« 36 “ 2.00 Merclial Ask Your Jobber about these goods or address us. OUR GOODS ARE FIRST QUALITY THE TOLEDO SPICE CoO., PARAMARIBO, DUTCH GUIANA. Toledo, Ohio. BOUND TO WIN. Failures Did Not Disturb Him Arguments Were in Vain. and From the New York Tribune. “The man who has it in win will generally win in the long run,’’ said a New York merchant the other day. ‘‘Sometimes I think it’s to get all your bad luck in aheap. Pileit on one bit after the other, and when the good luck comes you have a clear way and are in for a strong run.” ‘‘T was out west fif I met a young fellow + Him to best then good training teen years ago when who interested me a great deal. He couldn’t have been over twenty-eight then, but he had seen a good deal of life—that is, life out there. I heard that he had been in the sheep- raising business a couple of years before, but had whole business—bad luck, every one said. I had taken out a few thousand dollars with which I want- ed and expected to make a fortune in a marvelously short time. As I knew nothing at all about sheep, and every one said that what he didn’t know about sheep was not worth knowing, I thought : i lost his it would be a good idea to strike a _ bar- gain with him. Sol went to him.”’ ‘‘He was working in a railroad ma- chine shop at the time, earning | think it was $3.75 a day. for before he came of age he had learned this trade just to fall } ‘And,’ he added, lis eye, ‘I’ve fallen t 1an I expected.’ explained t eep, His mother h 3.000. Wi took the money He lost it. f a locomotive He sa in a sawmill with some others. The mill burned down—it hadn’t made money, anyway—and he went back to 7 rt him idea me oO mt iy he told about his about the sh him he and iert of age af life. ad died apout &S ne came put it all in > he had ‘fired’ then went back ed money, invested sheep. ora on Ii is it and to trade. v ana scheme his trade again. Then he worked his way to Deadwood: made up his mind there was nothing there for him, and got back into Wyoming. He had in his life learned how to telegraph. He had a smart head and a pieasing } and Zot two jobs at tor and manager of in a town, once— opeta- ae Lie ( store store shat : . iittie business running tl its end of the drug store while owner, a physician, looked after the drug part, which was a trifle compared with the fancy-goods, paints, oils, and various other things. including coal! He estab- lished his telegraph office in the drug store and ali went merrily until he had saved $1,500. With that he went out and partner with the same amount of capital. They went to Utah. He bought sheep and ‘went broke’ again!” ***Now,’ he said to me with a pleasant laugh, ‘you see that I haven’t made just what you might call a startling suc- cess out of sheep. But I know there money init. I know why I have failed before and I may fail again. But I have been saving $75 a month to go into the business once more, and if after what I have told you you would like to try me, } + { tr 2 hunted up a is Iam your man.’ So in due course of time we ‘went broke’ or practically so.”’ *“‘T had come to admire this man im- mensely. He was _ straightforward, bright, witty and extremely able, and I felt more sorry for him than I did for myself.’’ ‘‘A——.” J said, when the game was over ‘‘the trouble with you is sheep. You’d make a fortune at anything else in the world, because you have the brains and the pertinacity to do it, but as long as you stick to sheep you will be a poor man. It’s your fate. Come, now, swear off on sheep with me. I am going back East, and make my money slowly.” ***Just you wait,’ he said, laughing cheerfully. ‘I'll hit it yet.’ ‘‘Well, the other day a big, full-waist- ed, brown-bearded man walked into my office. I knew him at a glance, and was so glad to see him that I jumped half way across the room. *‘How are you? I cried. How have you been doing? Tell me all about your- self. And then he told me in a modest way that he had built half a town, and had come East to get some ideas on plumbing and waterworks.” THE MICHIGAN ee | **‘3?]] get the contract for the water- | | works,’ he said, ‘if I can get hold of a real live man here who will go out with} I’ve already completed the dicker me. for opening a plumbing shop. I also want you to find me a smart, wide-awake young man who wants to be a_ bank cashier. we want a cashier.’ “Wel, «A i said, “i told that you could doit. I knew it was in you. [Im giad you quit the finally.” ‘* Sheep? cried A , With a laugh. ‘Why, man, I have one of the finest herds in the West, and the finest plant without an exception anywhere. | If you want to see a sheep ranch that beats the world come out and see me. Sheep! man, it was sheep that did all the rest.’ ’” ‘“‘And then,’’? added the New Yorker, ‘‘while I congratulated him with all my heart, I felt a little faintness think what I might have had if I had stuck it out with him.’’ 2-2. __ Compressed Yeast a Vegetable. to One great family of the group of micro-organisms is called ‘‘yeast.” | When the grocer sends to the cook a little square soft cake of yeast, wrapped in tin-foil, to keep it clean and moist, he acts as a connecting lirk between bio- logical science and commerce and do- mestic life. The commercial value cf one single yeast plant may be estimated on the basis that the single yeast cake, costing its consumer 1 cent, may con- tain many hundred millions of the single plant. When these yeast plants, well distributed through the dough, are set in a warm place, they begin to grow, and in order to grow they must consume food. Now, the flour and salt and water in the dough are very choice riands for these little plants, and as they feed they tear these substances asunder wherever they lie, assimilating some elements under the influence of the life forces, and setting free, among other things, earbonie acid gas. This oecupies more space than did the com- pound of which it formed a part before it came under the influence of the living plant cell, and so the bread “rises” and becomes light and porous; a happy result for us, for the poor yeast plants are fattened but to die, and at the right moment off goes the whole restiess Have got the bank, and we’ve| got the president—l’m that fellow, but | you | sheep | great | Br YUL! We Control Territory ao! on the Finest and Largest Line of Cheap, Medium and High Grade Machines in the State « WRITE US FOR TERMS AND DIS- ZX WE WANT i AGENTS IN EVERY COUNTS TO a LIVE TOWN. AGENTS. PERKINS & RICHMOND, 13 Fountain St., Grand Rapids, Mich. Send us your orders for Commercial Printing. WE are not the cheapest printers in the State—would be ashamed of it if we were. When we find a “cheapest printer”? who does workmanlike work, we will lock up our plant and sublet our printing to him, As it is, system enables us to handle work on close margins. There is more in it for us to do $1,000 worth of work on i0 per cent. margin than S100 worth at 25 per cent. S | Besides, we carry our own paper stock, envelopes, card- boards, ete.—buy direct, discount our bills and save the mid- dleman’s profit. Let us show you what we are doing. PRINTING DEPARTMENT THE TRADESMAN COMPANY. WHO URGES YOU TO KEEP SA ‘7 at ¥7 mass to the oven, where their myriad | budding lives are soon extinguised. Thus, when we eat the bread, we eat the myriads of cell fragments which make up the wheat or rye or barley of the flour, as well as the yeast cells them- selves, and call it food. This is one of the best forms of food, and, as in almost all our foods, the man, himself a vast aggregate of cells, assimi- lates the ruins of other cells, both ani- mals and plants. series of manufacturers dependent upon There is a whole, great, and important The Public? By splendid and expensive advertising the manufacturers create a demand, and only ask the trade to keep the goods in stock so as to supply the orders sent to them. Without effort on the grocer’s part the goods | sell themselves, bring purchasers to the store, and help sell less known goods. the life process of different species of | yeast plants analogous to those which | we have received in the bread. Beer making and many other fermentations | called | Where the various species came | from originally it would be useless to} purpose the}! rest upon the micro-organism yeasts. speculate. What special beer yeast, for example, served in the economy of nature before the dawn of the beer age, who shall say? ~~ <— Can't Find His Land. A Biddeford, Me., man is said to be in an odd predicament. He says that he owns fifty acres of land in the suburbs of Biddeford that he can’t find, though his grandmother willed it to him. The boundary lines haven’t been run for gen- erations. He has had a surveyor at work trying to run the lines, but each time he has encroached on land to which others have clear titles. Now the prop- erty is advertised for taxes, and a possi- ble solution has presented itself to the owner. self and let the city find it for him. The city, he argues, can’t sell anything it can’t deliver, and it can’t deliver any- i thing it can’t find. Anv Jobber will be Glad to Fill Your Orders. Agents Wanted! We can give you exclusive territory on a large line of Bicycles. ; Send for catalogue. includes the: Our line COLUMBIA CLIPPER | VICTOR PARAGON | RUDGE IROQUOIS | KITE PHENIX | TELEPHONE GENDRONS OVERLAND and all the | LOVELL DIA- Western Wheel Works | MOND Line. Also others too numerous to mention. Wholesale and retail dealers in Bicycles, Cyclists’ Sundries, Rubber and Sporting Goods, Mill and Fire Department Supplies. i STUDLEY & BARCLAY, |4 Monroe St. Grand Rapids, Mich. He says he is going to let the| city sell the land for taxes, bid it in him- | FIRE INSURANCE. Its History and the Laws, Rules and | Customs Which Govern It. i EIGHTH PAPER. Written for THE TRADESMAN. “This company shall not be liable for loss * to awnings, bullion, casts, sculpture, curiosities, drawings, dies, implements, jewels, manuscripts, medals, models, patterns, pictures, scientific apparatus,” etc. | Most of the above articles are common | to many households and some of them ean be found in the house of the artisan as well asin the home of the capitalist. Indeed, to remove these fifteen articles from an average home would be an act | of depletion. I1t would materially de- crease the value of the ‘‘household goods” or the ‘‘contents of dwelling house,” yet not one of these articles is included in the insuranee, unless especially men- tioned in the description in the policy. How important it is, therefore, that | insurers should carefully read over this | condition, and give careful attention to a proper designation of everything which | it is intended to cover. Insured parties are notoriously careless and negligent in | the matter of their insurance contracts, frequentiy examining them, for the first | | | time, after the property is destroyed, and | then often finding that, through negli- | gence and inattention, they have failed to include important and valuable prop- erty which they had intended to protect, and have been in the constant violation of conditions which were plainly printed or written out for their guidance, and | which could have been easily observed, if they had taken the pains to inform themselves what they were. People are} sometimes disposed to blame, quite un-| reasonably, companies which act honor- ably and faithfully up to the fullest and most liberal construction of the contract, in favor of the insured, for easioned simply and alone by their own carelessness. They even sometimes blame the courts for a decision which | the plain terms of the contract impera- tively calls for, when they learn at great expense the plain and simple lesson, that courts, and even courts of equity, cannot make a contract for the parties nor frit- ter away or ignore its plain provisions, | losses oc- | | nor give equitable relief against the plaintiff?’s own carelessness and inatten- tion. If this series of articles shall in- number of the TRADESMAN, careful and prudent in other respects, to bestow proper attention upon the provisions contained in their policies of insurance, | then will my labor in this direction not | have been in vain. | duce any considerable readers of THE Numerous questions have arisen as to the meaning and construction of some of | the terms used in the exceptions noted. | For example, in a New York case, where | the exception was of ‘‘jewels, plate, med- | als or other curiosities, paintings and | sculptures,’? and among the items of | household furniture, for the loss of | which the assured claimed, were includ- | ed five portraits, with their frames, | twelve silver tablespoons and silver sugar tongs, the court instructed the jury that although ‘‘plate’’? and ‘‘paintings’’ were not covered by the policy, unless speci- fied, yet he doubted whether the condi- tion could be applied to the portraits or | silver spoons specified in the schedule of things insured. The expression, ‘‘or other | curiosities,’ would seem to indicate that the insurers had in mind articles of orna-| which is quite different from, and much | designed | plate, |dinarily, be liberally construed, i to | theft. | | surrection, |borne by the insurers, } and THE MICHI GAN TRADESMAN. memorials of friends. Lord Coke once defined the character, cc... mings, ete.,’? it was held to include the silverware, tools of trade, and | such other goods as form part of similar stocks in Boston—all being covered by the ‘‘ete.” Any word or expression used will, or- as in- cluding whatever is necessary to fill up } its fullest and most perfect meaning. “This company shall not be liable by virtue of this policy, for loss by theft, at, or after a fire.” It would seem to be quite unnecessary insert a condition of this kind in a contract of indemnity against loss by fire, for the purpose of saving the in- surers from liability in case of loss by In the absence of precedent, it probably would be unnecessary, but the question has repeatedly been adjudicated and the decisions of the courts have clearly established such liability. In | the absence of such a provision, there- | fore, the companies would be liable for loss by theft at, or after a fire; but where |a policy contains a clause such as the one above quoted, it has been held that the insurers were not liable for goods stolen while being carried from a build- ing which was on fire, even in pursuance of advice of the fire warden. “Nor for bills, currency, notes, accounts, deeds, evidences of debt, or securities.” This an absolute exception, is con- | taining no proviso—the different kinds of property enumerated uninsurable. “Nor for any loss caused | caused by means of or during an invasion, in riot, civil commotion, or military or | usurped power, or by order of any civil author- ity.” Damage arising from the wilful and felonious acts of servants or strangers is a risk insured against, and must be unless specially excepted in the policy; and this has in- duced insurance companies to ingraft upon their policies this exception. This sort of exception has been in use for more than acentury. It was origi- nally inserted in the conditions of the policies of the London Assurance Com- pany and was stated thus, ‘‘nor for dam- being simply or by fire, |age happening by any invasion, foreign enemy, or any military usurped power.’? The Sun Fire Insurance Co. adopted a similar clause, with the addi- tion of the words, ‘‘civil commotion,” upon its construction, or discussion | was had in 1780, before Lord Mansfield. During the riots which occurred in June of that year, the mob, among other acts of violence and destruction burned down the house of one Langdale, which was insured in the Sun company, and action was brought to recover for the loss. The point at issue was the meaning of the words ‘‘civil commotion.” Lord Mans- field said, ‘I think a ‘civil commotion’ is this: An insurrection of the people for general purposes, though it may not amount to a rebellion where there is a usurped power. If you think this was an insurrection of the people for the purposes of mischief, though not amount- ing to a rebellion, you will find for the defendants.”’ The word ‘‘riot’’ has since been added, for common use or kept as | commotion. - as meaning ‘‘whatever else ought | | their own will, | to have been expressed,” | chusetts case, where the description was | ‘fon thier stock of watches, watch trim-| enterprise of a private nature, and after- and in a Massa- | , | Oppose | | be a tumultuous disturbance of the peace | | by three or more persons, assembling of | with intent mutually to, assist each other against any who may them, in the execution of some | | wards actually executing, or attempting | | entire stock of the insured, consisting of | to execute the same in a violent or turbu- lent manner, to the terror of the people, | whether the act intended were of itself | lawful or unlawful. Many very interesting cases have hinged upon a construction of the words ‘usurped power,’’ which, for the want) of time and space, must be passed over. | The question as to what acts of destruc- tion were within this exception has| arisen in numerous cases in this country, out of events connected with, or arising | out of the rebellion and civil war. In| some cases a town was destroyed, or many of its valuable buildings with their | contents burned, to prevent them from} falling into the hands of the opposing force, by the express order of the civil magistrate. Whether such a destruction would come within the exception, 1 have not the means at hand of knowing. EK. A. OWEN. Oo The Prosperity of Our Workmen. Edward Atkinson in the May Forum. | | | | | There has never been a period in the history of this or any other country when the general rate of wages was as high as it is now, or the prices of goods relatively to the wages as low as they | are to-day, nor a period when the work- man, in the strict sense of the word, has | so fully secured to his own use and en- joyment such a steadily and progressive- | ly increasing proportion of a constantly increasing product. Hence, as far as | our experience goes in dealing with the great flood of immigration which has poured in upon us in increasing measure during these twenty-five years, greater in the last ten years than ever before, all the facts and conditions would tend to prove that we might invite its continu- ance, so far as it consists of the intelli- gent and the capable who constitute by far the greatest portion, rather than im- pose taxes to keep the intelligent and capable from coming here to im- prove their condition. We now have specific and absolute data in respect to manufactures, the mechanic arts and mining going to prove that, through the application of science and invention in these specitic directions, those who do the actual work in the sense in which the workman uses that phase—in a lessening number of hours and with less arduous effort—secure constantly ad- vanecing wages, increased purchasing power, better food and more of it, more clothing, if not quite as good on account ef the obstruction to the import of wool, and also, outside of a few congested districts in cities, better shelter at lessening cost to the occupant. FOR SALE, WANTED, ETC. Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the first insertion and one cent a word for each subsequent insertion. No advertisements taken for less than 25 cents. Advance payment. BUSINESS CHANCES. OR SALE—A DRUG STORE, NICE FIX tures, fresh and well selected stock, in- creasing trade, nice residence portion of the city. Inventory, $2,500. Address No. 498, care Mic higan T radesman. 198 iOR SALE—WELL ESTABLISHED BOOT & shoe business in Big Rapids. This stock will be sold at a bargain. For particulars en- quire of owner, John Le Duke. 500 OR SALE — BAZAAR STOCK. ESTAB- lished eight years. making money ; must sell; will exchange for Detroit property. Fes dress David Lang, Lansing, Mich. OR SALE CHEAP—AT LISBON, STL A drug stock all complete and fav orable lease of store—an old established business. Enquire =. Eaton, Lyon & Co.,or Stuart & Knappen, | It is commonly defined to , & whole or any branch’ of it. iF Jno. C, iF 138 OR SALE—OUR ENTIRE STOCK OF GEN- eral merchandise at Chippewa Lake, con sisting of hats, caps, boots an shoes, men’s fur | nishing goods, hardware, crockery and groceries. | Having finished our lumber operations, we offer the above stock for sale cheap for cash or on ; time with good security. Will sell this stock as Enquire of Chip- Chippewa Lake, Mich., or of pewa Lumber Co., H. , Grand Rapids, Mich. 449 . Wyman, Sec’y 7 OR ‘SALE—BAKERY, GROCERY, CONFEC tionery and ice cream business. Established |trade. Apply to Box 237, Gladwin, Mich. 496 OR SALE—A FINE STOCK OF GROCERIES and croc ae in good shape and doing a good business. Can give good reasons for sell- ing. Box 87, Allegan, Mich. 489 Fe SALE CHEAP—SMALL STOCK OF hardware, boots and shoes and groceries, tore building and fixtures in the best growing town in Northern Michigan. vell established. Address No. xan Tradesman. OR SALE—NEW new Business 490, care Michi- 490 , CLEAN STOCK OF DEY goods. Established trade; good town. Lock b OX 963, Rockford, Mich. 483 1 PLENDID BUSINESS CHANCES FOR A PER- LO son with #1100 cash. Can step into an old established cash retail and paying business, Don’t fail to investigate this. For particulars address No. 471, care Michigan Tradesman. 471 VOR SALE—ONE OF THE BEST DRY GOODS houses in southern Michigan; established 26 years; best of reasons for selling; excellent | opportunity for obtaining a good business, Ad- | dress Lock box 1237, Coldwater, Mich. 47 OR SALE CHEAP WELL SELECTED drug stock — New andclean. Address F.A Jones, M. D. Muskegon, Mich. 391 SITUATIONS —— W: ANTED — POSITION BY REGISTERED pharmacist of eleven years practical ex parlesine. Am married man. Or would like to find good place to locate with first class store. Address No. 499. care Michigan Tradesman. 499 Vy JANTED—POSITION BY YOUNG MAN IN dry goods, men’s furnishing goods or gen- eral store. Six years’ experience. Good refer- ences. Address No. 502, care Michigan Trades- man, 502 7 — POSITION BY REGISTERED pharmacist of eleven years’ experience. Address No. 487, care Michigan Tradesman. 487 MISCELLANEOUS. RENT—NICE LARGE LIGHT STORE brick block near ae avenue at $25, Dunton, Widdicomb Building. 491 OR SALE— GOOD DIVIDEND - PAYING stocks in banking, manufacturing and mer eantile companies. E. A. Stowe, 100 Louis St., Grand Rapids 370 _— DRUGGIST TO GO TO DEL ton, Barry county, Mich., and start a drug store. Living rooms above. Will be ready May For particulars address H. Arbour, Stanwood, Mich. 486 Pe K OF GOODS WANTED— WILL EX- change a first-class farm within six miles of Grand Rapids, for a stock of merchandise. Dif ference in cash. Not particular about location. Address Box 275, Grand Rapids, Mich. 497 D 0 YOU USE COUPON BOOKS? IF SO, DO you buy of the largest manufacturers in the United States? If you do, you are customers of the Tradesman Company, ‘Grand Rapids. OR SALE — BEST RESIDENCE LOT IN Grand Rapids, 70x175 feet, beautifully shad- ed with native oaks, situated in gooi residence locality, only 200 feet from electric street car line. Will sell for $2,500 cash, or part cash, pay- ments to suit. E. A. “Stowe, 100 Louis St. 354 SEE HERE—GOOD CHANCE FOR:A BUSI ness man or practical miller, with some money to invest in a roller mill. Address J. Wylie. Fairgrove, Mich. 492 re SALE — $1.100 BUYS 5-ROOM HOUSE and corner lot within ten minutes walk of post office. W. A. Stowe, 100 Louis St. 469 OR SALE—11-ROOM HOUSE IN GOOD LO- cation, within ten minutes walk of Monroe Price, $3,200. W. A. Stowe, 100 Louis St. 470 OR SALE—320 ACRES OF LAND IN HAYES county, Neb. Will sell cheap or trade for a stock of merchandise. A. W. Prindle, Owosso, Mich. 80 Vy JANTED—REGISTERED PHARMACIST— lady preferred. Geo. C. Rounds, Vickery- ville, Mich. 481 WANTED LUMBER RED OAK, WHITE OAK, FIOR in ad et x St. BLACK ASH, ROCK ELM, GREY ELM, BASSWOOD. A. E. WORDEN, 19 Wonderly Building, ms 15, 16 and 17, New Houseman Block, ot ment, as contradistinguished from those ‘ narrower than ‘insurrection,”’ or “civil | Rapids, Mich, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH, 14 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. Drugs #& Medicines. | State Board of Pharmacy. One Year—Jacob Jesson, Muskegon. Two Years—James Vernor, Detroit. Three Years—Ottmar Eberbach, Ann Arbor Four Years—George Gundrum, Tonia. Five Years—C. A, Bugbee, Cheboygan. President—Jacob Jesson, Muskegon. Secretary—Jas. Vernor, Detroit. Treasurer—Geo. Gundrum, Ionia. Meetings for 1892—Star Island (Detroit), July 5; Marquette, Aug. 31; Lansing, November 1. Michigan State Pharmaceutical Ass’n. President—H. G. Coleman, Kalamazoo. Vice- Presidents—S. E. Parkill, Owosso; Ignace; A. S. Parker, Detroit. Secretary—Mr. Parsons, Detroit. Treasurer—Wm. Dupont, Detroit. Executive Committee—F. J. Wurzburg, Grand Rapids; Frank Inglis and G. W. Stringer, Detroit; C. E Webb, Jackson. Next place of meeting—Grand Rapids, Aug. 2,3 and 4. Local Seeretary—John D. Muir. L. Pauley, St Grand Rapids Pharmaceutical Society. President, W. R. Jewett, Secretary, Frank H. Escott, Regular Meetings—First Wednesday evening of March June, September and December, Grand Rapids Drug Clerks’ Association. resident, F. D. Kipp; Secretary, W. C. Smith. Muskegon Drug Clerks’ Association. President N. Miller; Secretary, A. T. Wheeler. To Harecs Penent: Medheten Firms. From the Chicago Drug Review. A sample of the amount of anxiety and loss of time and money to which a number of crank legislators, if so disposed, can put reputable business | firms. is disclosed by the rumor from | Washington regarding the probable pre- | sentation to the House. of a bill re-enact- ing the old war tax on patent medicines. with additional hardships in the way of an increase in the amount of the tax and the establishment of a board of exam- iners. whose chief chemist shall analyze all such remedies, pass upon their possi- ble worth and prohibit the manufacture of those which in his judgment or the judgment of the board, shall be deemed worthless or injurious. This is the sort of fool-legislation the granger element in Congress is capable of saddling upon the country, aided by eoalition with either of the other parties anxious for granger votes. if the most stenuous efforts are not made to show the futility of such schemes as well as the hardship they entail on legitimate industries. to say nothing of their plain violation of the rights of the public to a choice of their own remedies for ail- ments which can be so treated. The grangers may have a certain por- tion of the medical profession with them in this onslaught upon a highly useful industry, but it is questionable if any other aid will be extended to them ex- cept for political reasons. It is, how- ever, because of the possibility of this latter,coalition, that the bill should be fought from the start, and if attacked in time, its weak, and unjust points may be shown up in proper shape to the sen- ators and representatives whose aid may be asked in its passage. The mere idea that any one man or set of men, however learned, could satisfac- torily- pass judgment on a combination of even the simplest remedies, without ex- perimenting upon patients in actual practice, is preposterous in the extreme. The simplest knowledge of chemistry ought to demonstrate clearly that the effect of certain elements alone is no guide to the effect combined, nor can one combination be a clear guide to the effect of another. The opinions are almost as varied among experts as to the probable effect of any simple combina- tion of remedies before trial, as the num- ber of the experts themselves, and it is being proven daily that differing conditions of formula, dose and time of taking. often produce effects little short of miraculous, and entirely contrary to previously accepted theory. How, then, can a set of men without actual experi- | ence in the use of aremedy upon their own patients, give a clear and just de- cision respecting the pound, the constituents of which they only canknow? It is the variest non- sense to suppose that any few men can possess the daily practical experience of | thousands of busy practitioners who are daily recording discoveries in the use of formulas upon which are afterwards based many of our popular patent reme- dies, and which will continue to lead to | others as long as science makes progress | against superstition and ignoranee. America is not the country nor this _|up their stores to save their goods, concern, | value of any com-| | the proper century, for such medieval | sumptuary enactments. >< _— A Tough Rat Yarn. From the New York Sun. “We've had the most extraordinary | experience with rats lately in our place,” | said a merchant from Oil City, now in| | town buying goods, ‘‘and I’m latea week or so in putting in my spring stock just on account of it, for it looked for a spell as if the rats were going to carry off everything eatable or moveable in the itown. They foraged in droves about the | place, and if one division of rats that -| had set out to loot a grocery or a butcher | shop wasn’t large enough in numbers to accomplish the purpose, they sent out messengers, and in less time than it takes to tell it re-enforeements would arrive and victory would perch on their |banners. Some merchants tried closing but ; that was probably the worst thing they could have done. The rats couldn’t be kept out by closing the stores, and | they resented the attemps to circumvent |them by destroying more than they | would have carried away. ‘*‘The cats and dogs in Oil City thought | they would have a picnic when the rats \first made their appearance in such and they started in to have | heaps of fun with the rodents and live high on them. Well, sir, inside of three | days you couldn't find a live dog or cat in town. Those the rats hadn’t killed i evacuated the place and took to the ad- jacent hillsand woods, where every night |they could be heard wailing piteously for their homes, but they didn’t dare to come in for their lives. We were kept busy for a couple of days carting away dogs and cats that the rats had killed. It was really awful, and a public meet- ing was called finally to adopt some plan by which the rats could be exterminated or driven from the town. What do you think? The ratstook possession of the opera house where the meeting was to be held, and it had to be abandoned. ‘‘When the rats first captured us they showed their wonderful smartness at once, for the first thing they did was to raid all the drug stores, from which they took every kind of rat poison the stores had in stock and dumped the whole bus- iness in the Allegheny river. As a pre- cautionary measure, I think that beats arything I ever heard of. ‘‘After the rats had held the town for a week or so, one of our papers came out in a strong article against them, and urged the calling out of the militia to rout them, if nothing else could be done. The next day every carrier of that paper was surrounded by droves of rats, and they were not able to deliver the papers. The newsboys selling the paper were treated in the same way, and a big dele- gation of rats waited on the editor and publisher, and both of them had to fly. It looked as if the publication of the paper must be discontinued, but matters were settled amicably by the paper with- drawing its offensive remarks and re- questing the citizens to make the so- journ of the representative body of rodents then among us as pleasant as possible. ‘‘But, smart | numbers, as these mysterious rats were, they were not smart enough to shun the liquor stores and drinking places, where they helped themselves liberally to the assorted and insidious goods carried in stock in such places. The consequence was that in a few weeks’ time they became a most dissi- pated and degraded set of rodents, and we began to see some hope of their de- struction. The rats themselves must have seen their danger, for one day we missed them. Only a few straggling old topers were left, and we soon put them out of their wretchedness. What had become of the great body of rats no one could imagine, and it was only last week | that we found out. A man from James- town was in Oil City on business, and he | said that for some days there had been | great commotion at Lakeside, on Chau- ;tauqua, because Humanitas, the new | bichloride of gold asylum for drunkards, had been taken possession of by an im- | mense drove of disreputable looking rats, | who were appropriating all the cure for drunkenness the establishment had on | hand. Then we knew what had become of our rats, and everybody felt some se- curity in doing business again. “Nobody knows whence those rats | came that captured Oil City, but it is be- |lieved from Bradford, where they could ino longer live on rusty oil well }and wind.’’ — —_— © Dealing with Dead Stock. It is poor policy to allow anything to slumber in the store if there is any way to wake it up and keep it moving. If it is necessary to keep an article that is little used, it should be brought forward and its salability tested. It may be that itis not dead after all. Perhaps other |people can be found who will buy it if they are only informed that there is such an article, and that you keep it. So when a thing is found tucked away ona high shelf it had best be pulled out, set ina handy and conspicuous place, and the attention of customers called to it. After awhile, its standing in your market will be fully demonstrated. You will know then whether to get rid of it or buy it in small lots, if it is really neces- sary to 7 it at all. —_> © <—> - The Drug Market. There are few changes to note. nine is dull and unchanged. Opium is firm. Morphiais steady. Sassafras bark has declined. Oil anise is lower. Oil cubebs hasdeclined. Castor oil is lower. Bromide of potash has declined. Tur- pentine has declined. Salacine is lower. _— > <— Beware of Ointments for Catarrh that Contain Mercury, as mercury will surely destroy the sense of smell and completely derange the whole system when entering it through the mucous surfaces. Such articles should never be used except on pre scriptions from reputable physicians, as the damage they will do is ten fold to the good you ean possbly derive from them Hall’s Catarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, O., contains no mercury, and is taken internally, acting directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. In buying Hall’s Catarrh Cure be sure you get the genuine. It is taken internally, and made in Toledo, Ohio, by F. J. Cheney & Co. Testimonials free. t2*"Sold by Druggists, price 75c per bottle. FOURTH NATIONAL BANK Grand Rapids, Mich. D. A. BLopeETT, President. 8. F. ASPINWALL, Vice-President. Wm. H, ANDERSON, Cashier, CAPITAL, - - - $300,000. Qui- Transacts a general banking business. Make a Specialty of Collections. Accounts of Country Merchants Solicited. CINSZNG ROOT. We pay the highest price for it. Address PECK BROS., “Guinn RAribs” drills Playing Cards WE ARE HEADQUARTERS SEND FOR PRICE LIST, Daniel Lynch, 19 S. Ionia St., Grand Rapids. Hout pay freigh From Boston and New York on Shoe Dressing when you can buy it of HIRTH & KRAUSE at ; . Mannfacturers Prices, GILT EDGE, GLYCEROLE, RAVEN GLOSS, ALMA, [ Large size ]. A Rug with each gross, $22.80. Shee An assorted gross Stool with two gross. of the above dressing, $22.80. HIRTH & KRAUSE, GRAND RAPIDS. J. L. Strelitsky, o« H1ars Including the following celebrated brands man- ufactured by the well-known house of Glaser, Frame & Co.: Winadex, long Havana filier................ $35 Three Medals, long Havana filler........ 35 Elk’s Choice, Havanafiller and binder... 55 ee eae a 55 Ta Denoclia de Morera, ............-.... 65 Da Ideal, Hina box..............-...---. 55 EE 60 Headquarters for Castellanos & Lopez’s line of Key West goods. All favorite brands of Cheroots kept in stock. 10 80. lonia St, Grand Rapids, SOLD AND ENJOYED EVERYWHERE, .. oi Size 8144x3%, | and corners. BOSTON PETTY LEDGER. Yeur account is always posted! Your bill is always made out! back bound in cloth and leather Nicke] bill file, indexed, ruled on both sides, 60 lines, being equal to a bill twice as long — bil hes ads w ‘ith L edger complete as oe 2000 oe 5000“ “ “ “ “ 7 OB Address F, A. GREEN, 45 Pearl St., R'm 9, Grand Rapids, Mich. I prepay express charges when cash accom panies the order. Send for circular. pee la THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. 15 Wh i olesale Price Current. Morphia,. 8, P. & W...1 802 05 Seidlitz Mixture...... @ 24|Lindseed, boiled .... 43 46 Advanced—Nothing. 60). — pn” T@1_ 95 es ec. g 30 ee a. — Declined—Sassafrass bark, oil anise, oil cubebs, castor oil, t i i Moschus — > > eee Maceatioy, De Spirits Tur} entine... 33 3 ’ C , Cas , bromide potash, salacine, turpentine. | toe 1 65@ 70 i @ 3 ne... i * ux Vomica, (po 20).. @ 10 snuff. eae De. Vc 35 PAINTS. bbl. Ib ACIDUM. Cubebae........... @ 5 50 | Os. Sepia a 20| Soda B oes @ 3 } oe ea ene -. 5 5 TINCTURES, [ee ere cane ll 5 oda Boras, (po.11). . 10@ 11| Red Venetian.......... 1% 2@3 poneakeu German.. 6oe 63 Birigeton 9 oe? 50 Aconitum Napellis R...... 60 | —_— ao @2 00 Sede — eee mg > —" — — ine a3 ea, 9 | Gaultheria ........2... 2 0@: ts “ "501 iq, Nue i cet il ae a Se eR oa MP) aloo cece, | pte aeacese = AM0| Sodas Aa @ 5 | Putty, commerciai.. ateggs Ce i ek se 55@ 60 | Gossipii, Sem. gal..... 50@ 7 “and myrrh..........-. 60 | Picis Liq., quarts . : @i 00 | Soda’ § --++++ 34@ 4 stri — ure.....2% 2%@3 ae i — ee oe Br re tenes = bse 4 g = a Sulphas. . Ll. @ 2 V — rime Amer- Nitrocum ..... 10@ 12| Junipert...2 22.222 ooo. 50@2 00 | Asafostida.... 2.2... .cllL. o| Pil Hydrarg (po. 80).. @ 50 ne un vole: Sonam ly 13@16 agra ion | iarenaaia <-> ee Se | Atroye ent | Piper moe f = s Me k 4 yrcia Dom..... @2 25 | V ae English... -.. Wag Seaman mes is Se er omne Pl on oo apa am aR 60 | lg gg P Se @ ! a Myrcia Imp... .. @3 00} Green, Peninsular..... T0@7 Salicylicum ..........-1 30@1 70 Mentha Piper: -..0-.-..2 eel. ee 4 Pix i a ” i Lead, red... .-+-+: 1 i [ ( entha Verid....... 2 20@2 30 | Sanguinaria... 2.2.2.2 loo. 50 | Pl Tl antes cata” ‘<= i j ns ogee A ine « ate on a 7 og! 0 on aOR 30 Pane aan et opii..1 10g 20 guess Se wal, cash oo a 30 Whiting ae gn ; Tartaricum.........--- 33@ 35 — ee. 6.0... @. 30 — Te | Pazethram, boxes H _. | Suiphur, Subl.........3 @4. | White, Faris American =o 0 i , iii, Picls Liquid, ‘ai - = S a = eae . On..... Po eau 1. 240 3% ae Paris Eng. ta 4] Aqua, 16 deg........-. St LI rece eee ee 96@1 10 a. 7 Les eo “s@ 10 | Terebenth Venice... > P| 4 i 5 964 | Qmenine o 0 rebenth Venice..... 2@ bs ; Pioneer Prepared Paintl 20@1 4 | aaa e.. = Z Homma. = 9 pre ee ee. 100} Quinta, aPréaw..... 29@ 34} Theobromae .......... ‘38 @ 43| Swiss ~~ Papas A a a a sneehat : aa a 50 | §. German....19 @ 30} Vanilla... ........... 9 — 00; Paints. a ..1 00@1 20 | Lec A NE rae og ~~ 2a a re = Srocharuts Lacie pe 12@ 14| Zinel Sulph.. ........ 7 & VARNISHES. i a a 1 h ANILINE. Ce 3 0@7 _ Cease .. ................. 50 | Salectn.. sepiares . engi és OILs We. 3 arp Casch..-.3 Seas 2 EE 2 00@2Z 25 Sassafras...... 50@ Comte... 8... 50 | Sanguis Draconis... 50 i! Roa T............ 160@1 70 a MR sassy 80@1 00 | Sinapis, ess, ounce. a, 50 | Sapo, W ag — Sie a ee : fA NS a Bee... i ae nie 70 70 | No.1 Turp Furn......1 00@1 10 ee "9 503 00 Thyme a a SIS aa... Ph geen 0@ = Lard, extra........... 55 60 | Eutra Turk Damar....1 55@1 60 : ae a alee. ae ee es OS No. 4 d BACCAR. Theobromas........... 15@ 20] “ 60 | inseed, pureraw.... 40 43) Turp.........-.. -.-. T@i ‘ Cubeae (po 75)..---. 7@ 80 POTASSIUM Gagies ....-.-- 50 : Jepioewas ............- 8@ 10] Bi carp i . a 60 saunas s — : - = . i Xanthoxylum......... — Sia. 15 15] Zager ........... oe 2 a H femromeeee ........... 19@ 14) Byoscyamus.......... 50 BALSAMUM. —— ret etoren nee 24@ 26] Todine...... KN T i Cee 45Q, 50 | ares -. sneer ac eee ee 12@ 15| “ Golorless......... ea: } cae “a 2 - Chlorate (pe. 18) 0011 16@ 18| Ferri Chloridum............ 35 i a gS asp 40 | CYAMIAC ..--.-.-2- 0.02. o 0Q, 55 | Kino. ------ vec sceee 50 H ROAD. ons on toa w+ oe 35@ 50 Potassa, Bitart, pare... 6 30 nag et tetiies = i CORTEX. Potassa, Bitart.com... _@ 15|Nux Vomica................ 50 | Abies, Canadian... .....-- 1g | Potass Nitras, opt..... 8@ 10) Opif ..... 2... ee cesses 35 ia ee 11 oe Nitras.......... iG 9| ‘‘ Camphorated....... i i Cinchona Flava .......-..-- 18 atone Sete eeee aces * ) * Peoder. ee : Buonymus atropurp....---- 30 P Pe aceasta 15@ 18] aurantiCortex...... ....... 50 te j Myrica Cerifera, po.. oe RADIX. EE at i ae oe. ey eee ee = ae _. 20@ 25 — eee ee 50 1 willaia, grd.......---..---- TE 25@ 30| Rhel...............-:--.----. 50 Importers and bers ’ I ooo vek craeunces eee 19 Anohaiee oll 12@ 15| Cassia Acutifol............ 50 Job) ott 4 Ulmus Po (Ground 12)...... 191 Ava) 00.............. @ rc . Co.......... i / i g 49 | Serpentaria ................. 50 i EXTRACTUM. Gentiana, (po. 15)..... be 4 9 | Stromonium................. 60 q Glycyrrhiza Glabra. .. = 25 | Glychrrhiza, (pv. 15).. 16@ 18| Tolutan.............. ...... 60 : t 35 — a Canaden, Waren ............ a i 2 (po. ea @ 35| Veratrum Veride............ 50 é 3@ 14} He ae, Ala, po.... 56 @ ' 18 | Inula, PO... .ereveson 15@ 20 MISCELLANEOUS. i i 17 | Ipecac, po..........--- 2 30@2 40 | Atther, Spts } 4@ : 2 i FERRUM. Iris plox (po. 35@38).. 35@ 40 Bite Mer 200 = : Carbonate Precip...... @ 15 eat ae oS S| Ala ....---.-- ----- 24@ 3 Citrate and Quinta:... @8 30 | Podophyiltim, po... 2 = ee, Oe. CHEMICALS AND Citrate Soluble........ :e BO... 1@ 18) 7). 3@ 4 ; \ Ferrocyanidum Sol.... @ 50 ae sees TBI OO] Annatto. 2s... 55@ 60 ; Solut Chloride........ @ 15 cut. ee Bias 1@ 5 ; Sulphate, com‘. ! - 14@ 21g dd ; et es 55@_ 60 ‘ rin @ 722 gelia 53 | Antipyrin...... @1 40 ‘ : Pp — Sanguinarta, (po 25).. @ 20 Antife ee @ é i FLORA. a ggg cy = = a Nitras, ounce @ 60 i 2¢, og | SONEBA .-...--- 2 5 t WeemICUim ..........-. 5 7 i oo ss Smilax, Oticinaiis, H ~ @ 40| Balm Gliesd Bud. * 58@ €0 : one ima 25a 30 M @ 2| Bismuth 8. N......... 2 10@2 20 ; es Scillae, (po. 35)........ 10@ 12 Calctum Ghior, 1s, (48 i } Foua. Symplocarpus, Fott- ie Ae, ne 9 i i uae 18@ 65 Oe, PO.....-........ @ 3 Ouaiiarties Russian, DEALERS I” Canin. “Acutlfol, Tin- Valeriana, i 08 .30) Pm = RN @1 20 nivelly weteee tgs — os = aie... 12@ 15 Capsici Fructus, - @ ze a s 8 Salvia officinalis, Xs Zingiber j.......-.. 18@ 2] « “ - 2a a ds eden eae 12@ 15 SEMEN. Caryophyllus, (po. a 1 12 aln xX ; Ura Ora........-....-. 8@ 10] Anisum, (po. 20). @ 15| Carmine, Ne. &...... ‘% Bs 75 j “s i G@UMMI. a7 Sites: 33@ 35 Some flav 8. &F weve 50@ 55 " 1 r ee. 4@ 6 Core Preven... 1... 5... 38@ 40 . Acacia, ist picxed.... @ 9! Carul, (po. i8).....-... &@_ 12 | Coceu ee as oo. @ 40 Cardamon ey 1 00@1 25 Cassia neeecees @ 2 i a a 5 ormcran........... 10@ 12] Gentraria...... ++ @ 10 Oeoiemented: : “ pe aunt. oo = Cannabis Sativa....... 3%@4_ | Cetaceum . --- €& @ Sete Agents fer the ‘ Aloe, Barb, a 60)... 50@ 60 Cydontum.... ........ 75@1 00 Chloroform . ee 60@ 63 4 “’ Cape, (po. 20).. @ 12 Chenopodium ........ 10@ 12 squibbs . @i 25 i Socotri, (po. 60). @ 50 Dapeertx Oconto... . 2 25@2 35 | Ce eras Bya¢ aid -1 20@1 40 Swiss WILLA PREPAREB Catechu, 18, (48, 14 48, Foeniculum........... @ 15|Chondrus ............. 20@ 25 | ics: ecenase we | + ~ emia 9) FS Pe eu rea G0 | LAMM ..------2eernoee ees @ 4% German 3 @ 12 : —— a. on - = Lin, gra, (bbl. 3%)... 4 @ 4% Corks, list, dis. per Ca 304 55| Lobelia...............- oe 60 Camphor®........----- 50@ 53| PbarlarisCanarian.... 34@ 4% Creasotum .........-. @ . a 3 ® iin we .....- 35@ 10 | RAPB.---waceee cere eee 6@ 7 | Creta, (bbl. 75) ..-..-5. @ 2 ‘9 Cam @3 50 | Sinapis, Albu......... TA | TEED cy @ 5 : Gamboge, po.......--- W@ Nigra......-. 11@ 12] ,, — a eraas 9@ 11 a Gualacum, {po 0)... @ DB SPIRITUS. eg oe Pe. - no, 0. 10 a 25 Se ee ee oo fae oe me : a gag ») pe e = Frumenti, W., 4, ©- Seog i tovaneue 4 ge Sg ipo. @).....-.- @ 40 ‘ 1 i — Sulph.. 6 MM occu 1 65@1 70] Juniperis Co. 0. T.... xtrine ..... 1 Opit. (po 2 7)....---- 65@1 70 | Juntperts Co. 0. ....1 75@1 75 | Rther Sulph. = We are Sole Prepeieters of Se bib. 3B | sanchacam XS} Baga] EME pow te Michi Gee ease: 5 " n Gallt.. ce eee : : Weath 1 i ll HERBA—In ounce packages. Vint —* -1 25@2 00 — xe) 65... + 60@ 6 er q 8 6 Iga a ene Pn Ege le ea gg) Vink Altec OO ee | ——— ag dete was tke 20 SPONGES. ee ee eee 7@8 co. a a eee en Geistinycomens 40 We Mave ia Steck and Offer = ell Line Mentha Piperita. ip | B gg: 25@2 50 | Glassware vhint, 7 mere me ia 2 atl Rue Vir ida: ees = ona re 4 wokens 2 00 eine, B af @ 1 WHI ‘ eee acubiiansess 30 | verves extra, sheepe’ | Sim... 5 SKIES, RANDIS eee eeaa 23 ¢ wen. 3 | _ wool carrlage....... 1 10 White.........-. 13 % b D 8, . feaecs ~ Hane ane Extra, yel yellow sheeps’ a caste ttt 14%@ 2 ‘ . Oaerieee o.oo cla g5 | Grana Paradisi........ @ 2 WINES, 4 Calcined, — 55@ 60 Grass 2 wool car- Heer. ce sl 25@ 55 GINS, RUMS. Carbonate, Pat........ 2@ 22| Tiage.........--.---. 65 Hydraag Chior Mite.. @ % ' id Carbonate, K. & M.... 25 | Hard for slate use. 15 | Cor 80 it Carbonate, Jenning5.. 35@ 36| Yellow Reef, for slate : — Rubrum @1 00 RO ooo oe one eee mmonia 1 10 caida OLEUM. : hs “ ana. oa 55 We sell Liquors for Medicinal Purposes only. ene: -¥ 00 a SYRUPS. Hyd rargyrum . . ae We give our Personal Attention to o Mall Orders and Gearantee Satisfaction. a sania eee 60 | Ta ar Am. \.1 25@1 50 All orders are Shipped and Invoiced the same day we receive chem. Send in a ' — Ts OS eee 75@1 00 | trial order Auranti Cortex 3 was bo Bares ccc eee es ee Todise, ee. ....3 75@3 85 } 0 gigas = eee 50 | Iodoform. _ QA oo re fe ygr a ereem, ......... 0. Sie Lupulin ..... -- 4@ 50 Garyopnyill S) | Simflax Oficinalia. 00.1. a 73 8 > eval ae = 5 eee iquor Arsen et Hy- Genes - =" s 1 po Selllac. ee ee ae 50 a a ee @ 2 9 ae -- 3 & eet ace atesnts S Magnesia, ‘Suiph (bb! 10@ 12 eeeeee n-n2----+--* wee oN agnesia, Su P j| Conium Mac.......... ees eee ae RAN RAPID MICH. Copaiba .............. 1 1001 2 Pees OR. a. 55. pcs soe 50 Mamaia, é OP. 30533 : G D Ss. C THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. Grocery Price Current. The quotations given below are such as are ordinarily offered buyers who pay promptly and buy in full packages. AXLE GREASE. — doz gross} Live oak....... 223 ee 6 00] Santa Cruz........ ie 2 00 ee... 50 a 250 er ........,.... » OO; Overma..-.... 7... 1 90 —............ Oe 8 00 Blackberries. ee «Cs .... 55 6 00 90 BAKING POWDER. . Acme. 1 20 34 1b. cans, ; doz oe 45 1% ee 85 1 20 1 ib. es i cog UU 1 60 e 1 20 ee 10 | Damsons, Egg Plums and Green Arctic Gages. 14 } cans. . oot ere ....---.... @1 % CS 1 = California ee ee 1 70 DR Brees eecceseces cee z Gooseberries. SD OM nw non sane ve ncaa int oi Commnn .............. 110 Cook’s Favorite. 0%; beams... 12 00 Peaches. (ie1 pieces colored glass) —_ .............. 1 10 es ee... 12 a 1 50 (191 pieces of crystal glass) —— es ............. 1 40 100 4% Ib cans...... Oi... ......... 2% (106 hdl cups and saucers) Monitor : 13 1 eee... wee Cee... ............ 13 (tankard ~ her with each can) | Pears. Dr. Price's. ml ue oer... 13 pe ror | Riwenide.... 2 10 Dime cans.. 90 | -OZ 1 33 | Pinesspien, 6-02 ioe... 1 30 8-0z 2 47 | Johnson’s sliced...... 2 50 12-0z 3% | ' erated... 2% Gos “* ..4% Quinces. ne Ib = = j cememmmio 1 10 5 1b 21 60 | Raspberries. 10-ib “* 41 80] Bed .. 1 30 | Black Hamburg.. . 150 ed s » 40 | | Erie, black : 1 40 ™ — is we - ee Strawberries. =. oe 1 50 | Lawrence .... 1 Telfer’s, ib. cans, doz. 45 | — a nen en ee 2é rs |. | Brie ee oan 35 ss * ~ “i etn | Terrapin i eee a 1*s Victor. Whortleberries. Soc cues S008 ...-... -.. 80 | | Common co ai 1 20 .- * cei ee [aie W........ oe 13 16 - . 2 00 | Blueberries ........ 1 20 BATH BRICE. ‘ a gre 9 ; orned bee * 6 English . denen tm er __.. 9g.| Roast beef, Armour’s....... Bristol. --... eee ea ae ee Domestic. — _- . ,. 2. BLUING. “Gross tongue, iB cy Arctic, 40z ovals.......... 4 chicken, % Ib... “ 80z “ - 00 ne &s ante, round... ..10 50 VEGETABLES. _ 2, sifting box... 275 Beans, “ No. 3 40 Hamburgh strin less. ok oe - Wa.s _ 2. French style..... 2 2 + Pee 450 - . Paae............ 1 40 — oe. ............... ) oe —, i. Sones... 80 _ : Hurl se i ei 2 00 Lewis Boston ee ‘* woes cece cwec cece ce 2 25 | Bay State Baked............1 35 Ne, 2 carpei -- : > Tate 1 35 eT ee ‘ Peart 3 00 Corn. Hamburgh . a — Whisk can ; om ote a K ie n a | Sur ine 7) uv @ “ly $44 6 75 eG 3?reo " ‘Z UNG 1YSON WOODEN WARE, 0 a aks ommon to fair 1s x, No 4 4 > -) | Superior to fine 30) N ) “s 3 15) ‘ » te@ She 3 U0 | NGLISH BREAKFAST : ». > ON S oe a Falr i #2 Lii8 ‘ ' 4 : Win "i = : an ~ U | Choice. 24 “spi Xer ; 2 50| Best 0 spius, 3 gr. boxes... i 30 ¥ wis Ww | 0? STARCH | } I @ 5% | rOBACCOS. rf Con. hon 2 1% | 2 35 , Dd 3 Wty ‘1 ¢ ASSO nnd 198 250 *y Powdere< > au | 2 64 ‘Owdered @ 475 j mine - Granulated. 4 s6@ 454 | ini Se Ss 4 i SX 5 i ° | Confectioners’ A 4.44@, 4% na i y Gloss Sof ee a ra at : " - ' Soft A A421 : a i. hi oe 1 0 a S38 xtra ( @ 4's | Sle lw 54 } . 5% |} 94 s ¥ w s, No.1 5 73 0 35 7% o* 5 5 oa 4% | Yellow .... @ 3 NOS 7 38 arrels ee 4%, 3s than bbls. ke advane » 1 3 80 ] : 4, | Less t ran bbis. 4c advance s No.l 3 50 SNUFF. SYRUPS No.2 4 3 Scotch, in bladders 3 Corn ee Maccaboy, in jars...... ...95 | Barrels. ......-....--..-.-.- 22 i french Rappee, in Jars.....43 | Half bbls.... = vn soDaA. wes Pure Cane. Boxes ar eeeee i 3 Se 9°73 | Good 2¢e@ Rnelish U Kegs, English...... 4% | Choice 0) SALT SWEET GOODS. Seotten’s Brands 100 3-lb. sacks aa 82 25 | Ginger Snaps..... 8 = ' . 2 00} Sugar Creams.... 8 28 10-lb. sacks ..+---. 1 85] Frosted Creams. ...- ) —iib “ oo 2 25} Graham Crackers 8% mands 243-lb cases my f 7. > 24 cases... a 1 50 | Oatmeal Crackers.... 84% . 56 lb. dairy in‘linen bags 50 . s ‘e +2} se > z=. 28 lb. drill a 18 TEAS. s Bra Ss Warsaw. R : : : J <—Regular 1 56 lb. dairy in drill bags... 35 a | i fsline A inte © at 1b.“ “ 5 fae a ve @iz7 | Jas. G. Butler & Co.’s Brands. : ' TT ce @20 Something Good \ Ashton. eee ............. ee nom . . 56 lb. dairy in linensacks.. 75 — veeeeree ooo BB @BM | UBEOES ’ a 10 @12 meg He Higgins. = Sweet Mi ‘ . a“ IN CURED. EW 56 lb. dairy in linen sacks. 75 Fai anne nar a L. & W : ee aa @i7 S. & & Solar Rock. Geog eee eee : @ 12 a oe... ...... 25 | Chodee,..............-.28 @a | Colonel's Chol i We Afltirm That Aud Poor Goods Good Goods Make Mar Business. s Kusiuess Grocery MEN?’ Ave you satistied with your sates of High Grade Correes ? Are you sure that you are selling the Best to be obtained? HILLSIDE JAVA is ascientitic combination of Private Plantation Coffees, selected by an expert and from which a cup of coffee can be made that will give universal satisfaction. Cup qualities always uniform which is one reason why tt is a trade holder wherever introduced. HILLSIDE JAVA has many friends in Michigan! DO YOU SELL Ir? $100 will be paid for a formula that will produce a Cop of Coffee better than Hillside | Roasted in the Latest Improved Cylinders and Packed while hot into S0-In, Gans only, THE J. M. BOUR CoO., Importers, Roasters and Jobbers of Fine Coffees, 140 Summit St., Toledo, O., also Detroit & New York. We are represented in Michigan as follows: Eastern Michigan, P. V. Hronier; Southern Michigan, M. H. Gasser; estern Michigan, Thos. Frrauson |‘ Old Fergy” |. ee ee 18 THE MICHIGAN _ TRADESMAN. UNION PACIFIC AFFAIRS. The result of the Union Pacific Rail- way Company stockholders’ meeting at Boston emphasizes one of my _ favorite maxims that nothing is se certain as the unforseen. To be sure, the success of the Gould party on this occasion was not unforseen, strictly speaking, since it was known that they would not submit to be turned out of office without resistance, but believed that they would resist in vain, that the con- trary event was a great surprise. As it was, they received only a small majority of the votes cast, and those that turned the seale in their favor were, up to the last moment, in the hands of their op- To have snatched, as they did, victory from the very jaws of defeat was an exploit which has deservedly won ad- miration if not approval. it was so generally ponents. Some people are disposed to censure the holders of the 26,000 proxies which gave to Mr. Gould and his friends the control of the Union Pacific property for another year, at least, think that they ought to have voted them in the opposite direction, while even make the charge that these proxies were sold for money. and to some There is no ground that I can Gould’s the see for doubting George that he got the simple expedient of proving by argu- ment to the gentlemen who had the dis- posal of them that it would be for the advantage of their principals to give them to him. They may very well have the conclusion on the merits that, as President Lincoln would have said, this was not a favor- able occasion for swapping horses, and that they had better retain the team they had than to try a new one. Whoever will take the pains to look over the report of the Union Pacific Company for 1891, just issued, will see that the successful management of its affairs is no easy matter. Eight thou- sand and more miles of road, a capital of sixty millions, a debt, funded funded, of more than one story proxies by very come to of the case and un- hundred and forty millions, with property and assets to balance capital and debt combined, and gross earnings of some forty millions yearly, demand administrative talent of a considerably higher grade than that which suffices for any banking or brokerage however large. Charles Frances Adams found the task too much for him, and left the company on the brink of going into the hands of a receiver. Under Mr. Gould’s administra- tion this catastrophe has so far been averted, whether by his endeavors or in spite of them it is not necessary to dis- cuss, Since the potentates who combined to rescue the company showed no resent- ment at his behavior by their votes, and odd business, the house of Morgan distinctly refused to exert itself against him. I should not myself like, as a stockholder in the Union Pacific, to have it controlled by a man who has so many interests adverse to its interests as Mr. Gould has; but, then, I should not hold Union Pacific stock on any terms, because I never buy stocks except for the dividends they pay. Union Pacific does not pay any, and, for all that I can see, will not pay any until I shall be dead and unable to collect them. Still, so long as a majority of the people who differ with me in this respect and are willing to own the stock, are The company has, as I have said, for | the present escaped going into the hands of a receiver. By making an assignment of all its available assets to trustees for | the benefit of unsecured creditors to the) amount of $18,000,000, it has obtained a respite of three years, of which less than one year has expired, in which to extri- cate itself from its embarassments. At the end of that period, it will again have to face the same exigency, and its fate} will depend entirely upon the value and salability of the securities, by the use of which it has lately so happily staved off bankruptcy. It was conceded, when the trust of these securities was made, that they would not readily bring enough to pay the amount for which they are pledged, and it was, moreover, asserted that even if they would do so, it would be ruinous to scatter them among numer- ous small purchasers instead of keeping them together as a compact whole. Whether it will be otherwise when the three years’ trust expires the event will decide. This, however, is a matter of small importance compared with that of the company’s gigantie debt to the United States Government and to its first mort- gage bondholders, which matures in in- stallments beginning in 1895—the next year after the maturity of the three years’ trust just created—and ending in 1899. To the government it will be liable to be called upon to pay, com- mencing in 1895, a sum which, on June 30, 1891, amounted to $51,881,601, and which is inereasing by about $1,000,000 every year, so that in 1898, when the bulk of it becomes due, it will be nearly $60,000,000. The first mortgage bonds, which are a prior lien to the Government debt, amount to $35,500,000, and mature from 1896 to 1899, making altogether $93,500,000 for which payment must be provided or delay obtained not later than 1899. This, too, is independent of a number of smaller debts on branch and collateral lines which it is quite as im- portant to take care of. Obviously, the thing to aim at is to get the time of payment of the principal of the debt I speak of extended upon the best terms that can be made with the holders of it. As to the $33,500,000 of first mortgage bonds the question is merely one of the rate of interest. The bonds are in the hands of investors who would much rather not be paid off, pro- vided they felt sure of their income, and who, if they had to decide the question to-day, would probably take 5 per cent. per annum and perhaps less, in place of the 6 per cent. which they now get. The $60,000,000 debt to the Government, rep- resenting the subsidy bonds issued from 1865 to 1869 to aid the building of the road, stands in a different position. Oddly enough, while it is due to a credi- tor, which, until lately, having had more revenue than it has known how to spend, has anticipated its own maturing debt at apremium virtually producing it only 2 per cent. per annum on the money employed for the purpose, and would, therefore, presumptively, jump at the offer of anything above two per cent., rather than accept payment of the prin- cipal, all efforts to negotiate with it an extension of the time of payment have so far proved fruitless. Bills for the pur- pose have several times been recom- also willing to trust Mr. Gould, I do not | mended to Congress by the Interior and see why the rest of the world object. should | Treasury Departments, and once or ' twice they have come pretty near pass- PRODUCE MARKET, Apples—Russets are about the only variety still in the market, commanding $3 per bbl. Asparagus—75¢ per dozen bunches. Beans—The supply of dry stock is nearly ex- hausted. Handlers pay about $1.20 for country stock and hold city picked at $1.50@$1.60 per bu. Butter—Dairy ‘is in better supply. Dealers pay about 16e for good to choice and hold at 17@l&e per Ib. Cabbages—New stock isin fair demand at 33 | @33. eee crate of 125 lbs. CANDIES, FRUITS and NUTS. The Putnam Candy Co. quotes as follows: STICK CANDY. Full Weight. Standard, mer 1B... EE a 6 . ewaee .... j Boston Cream .... Cut Loaf. — Pails. 6 . 20 Ib, cases 6 OM Dela}? es meee a cases 7 MIXED CANDY. Full Weight. Cran errics — Repacked Jerseys are in good Bbls. Pails. demand at $2.25 per bushel box. Se 6 7 Cucumbers—#1.25 per doz. ee Te 6 i Dried a pir eg is held at 44%@5c and w% evaporated at 6@6\« Nobby ee 8 Eggs—Jobbers Ig 12%c and hold at 14%c. English sll 7 8 Honey—l4e per . eee q 8 Lettuce—Grand Rapids Forcing is in fair de-| Broken Taffy.............. baskets g mand at 10¢ per lb. Peanut Squares............ 8 9 Maple Sugar—Dealers pay 7@S8e per Ib. and] French Creams.......... ......... 10 hold at 8@9c. Waking Ceele 13 Onions—Green are in fair demand at 12c per | Midget, 30 Ib. beskets...............-...-.-+- 8 dozen bunches. Dry stock is in small demand Modern, eee ee 8 and supply, comme anding 60@80e per bu. FPaNcY—In bulk. Parsnips—In full supply at 30¢ per bu. Full Weight. Pails. Pieplant—2c per Ib. Lozenges, ee ieee e se pees eee es eee 10 Pineapples—#1 40 per doz. ee 11 Potatoes—Old stock in full supply at 25¢ per] Chocolate Drops..............2.-eeeee seen cers 11% bushel, New stock is in limited supply and de-]| Chocolate Monumentals oS ee 13 mand at $1.75 per bushel. Ce tadishes—35e per doz. bunches, a eeee eee 8 Strawberries—Tennessee berries are arriving | Sour ed 8% freely, being held at 14@18c per qt. es a tml ade 10 FANC v—In 5 lb. boxes. Per Box. PROVISIONS. ae I on ee tee cet ede ch eune dengue = : s Pack > . ' tt iltclice, ee ee The Grand Rapids Packing and Provision Co, Foesenaaen oe ne LAR 60 quotes as follows: epee . PORK IN BARRELS. _ | H. M. Chocolate Drops.. ae Mess, NEW. -..-..-.--. 00. see ‘tedacec es OO Oe Ml et cease e te rin ep ows oun "4050 Pe a Se 1 00 xtra Cheer pis, snort out................... Ora Teen EO 80 Were Creer, BONy......-......-..-... 0... Lozenges, TT ETE 60 ira alae eet 12 75 OE onto CIOs, BONE CME.-....<.......-.... CE ee ‘| 60 Clear back, short cut......-......-.--.-+++-- oe ee a 70 Standard clear, short cut, best............ ac. kh co . 5s sausaGE—Fresh and Smoked. Molasses Bar.. EN Pork Sausage... ............cecceeeseesee cones 7% | Hand Made Creams...................00-- 8595 Ham Sausage... ........ceeeeee cece ee ee ee eens . a... 8090 lies. eatin uy cat EE) 9 | Decorated Creams. ee ..1 00 Frankfort Sausage ........................... 7] String Rock Lo .65 100d HAUSAES....... 02.22.22 econ eres ones S eat stews te Bologna, straight...........-.. 2.2.22 .s+sse sees S | Wintewsreen Boeries 60 te es ee 5 Canis 2 ¥ 5 . Head Cheese.......... pocsactht berrte arsears 5 No. 1, wrapped, 2 Ib. boxes coupe i . if . mo, ft, 3 ee 51 Kettle Com- No.2 ie = . 38 Rendered. Granger. Family. pound. No. > ss os fees ends tana ety a Teerees ...... 7% 7 5% 54 iP ree ey tease z a. a, ba Bie Seae oe, 6 Dek... el 20 1b. Pails.. 814 7% 6 5% ORANGES. ' a * ae 734 64 6 Floridas, ee, @1 50 5 Ib. ~~ . o- T% 6% 61% EE @i 00 _ oo 8 6! 64 _ eee. ee @4 50 BEEF IN BARRELS. . : ee os 4 00 Extra Mess, warranted 200 Ibs............... 6 50 Californias, rvcenee.... 05.0)... @ Extra Mess, Chicago packing................ 6 50 Navals .................... Bei Pa OUR 9 00] Messinas, choice 200...........+.+..+++ @4 50 SMOKED MEATS—Cany assed or Plain. ' MO ie ee @4 00 Hains, average eee 9% LEMONS, 16 lbs. was seennee enue ew 9% Messina, ones, Oe... @3 C0 . oR fancy, 360. ARE 3 503 75 Sf PLOMAC «... oe eee eee ee eee ees ye aes 6% e Cnr Me @3 50 ype 8% “ ee @4 00 semen wettest tee eee ees :. OTHER FOREIGN FRUITS. r 8 ee oe ec 34 a Dried beef, ham prices........................ 8% | Figs, fancy layers, = su ae a os @l4 Tone Clinae Nears ort “a ae = Bee eee Cet is vl b ois sl sacusa uu aneatie savannas ur cehcaec aan 6% Dates, Fard, 10-1. box... 2002202000000: @ 9 Mn lie 50-1b, @8 FRESH MEATS. “ Persian, 50-Ib, box.. 44@ 5 Swift & Company ee as enews: NUTS. Beef, carcass...... ets Oe Almonds, een rs @16 - hind quarters... + 605... SSuee OG ee @i15 * re . ee eeoe es 4 @5 " G valifornia.. G16 » tone, Do. S.. ne @io | Brautis, mew......... 0... --.-.2-0- cose ee @ is A Nan TEREST Pn Te @ll . se 546@ 6 | Walnuts, ——.. Baie. Ge ee @ 42 Marbot.. Pork loins.. ee eee. ' Cot... .. “ghoulders .... ee eee @ 5% Table Nats, Peney......... Sausage, bloat or hea @ 4% Choice ..... ri ee @ 4% | Pecans, Texas, H. P., - Frankfort ..... @i7 Cocoanuts, full ee @4 25 as... 9 @10 PEANUTS. a. 5 @6 Fancy, H. P., Ce eee te dee ues @ 5% ve Seanbea a @ wats Bir, Pees... @ 5% o pen a @%%; Choice, x. Ps i ccc, @ 4% . “Roasted... @ 6% Orders fw (ranges, Bananas, Lemons, Dates, Nuts, Figs And Everything Handled by us are Respectfully Solicited. THE PUTNAM CANDY CoO. PEREINSGS & HESS DEALERS IN Hides, Furs, W ool & Tallow, NOS, 122 and 124 LOUIS STREET, GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. WE CARRY A STOCK GF CAKE TALLOW FOR MILL USE. i ; sn gage ing, but they have all failed finally, and for the present none is even talked of, notwithstanding that the Commissioner of Railroads, in a report to the Secretary | of the Interior made only last November, repeats his recommendation that the debt of the Union Pacific and of all the other subsidized railroad companies be refunded, and suggests the appoint- ment of a Commission by the Govern- ment to investigate the whole matter and devise some plan which shall at secure to the Government its yet not cripple the companies. once dues and It is an interesting question what the | Government can do and what it is likely to do in case no arrangement is agreed upon for extending the time of payment of its claim against the subsidized rail- road companies upon terms which they will accept. In section 5 of the original act of July, 1862, providing for the issue of bonds to aid the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad, it is declared that the bonds issued in pursuance of it “shall constitute a first mortgage on the whole line of railroad and telegraph, together with the rolling stock, fixtures, and property of every description, and in consideration of which said -bonds may be issued; and the refusal or failure of said company to redeem said bonds or any part of them when required to do so by the Secretary of the Treasury in ac- cordance with the provisions of this act, the said road, with all the rights, func- tions, immunities, and appurtenances thereto belonging, and also all the lands granted to the said company by the United States, which at the time of said default shall remain in the possession of the said company, may be taken sion of by the Secretary of the Treasury forthe use and benefit of the United States.”’ The next section declares that the grants made in the act are ‘‘upon condition that the company shall pay said bonds at maturity.’”?’ By an amend- ment passed in 1864, the Government mortgage was subordinated to the first mortgage of $33,500,000. It is perfectly plain that, under these provisions, the Government may take possession of that part of the Union Pacifie Railroad which was constructed with the proceeds of the subsidy bonds, and of the unsold lands granted to the company by the act, subject to the first mortgage of $33,500,- 000. But this property comprises only the 1,821 miles of main line and no land not either sold or mortgaged, and it does not comprise the much valuable branch lines and collateral investments of the company. What can the Govern- ment do with this fragment of railroad? It cannot use it profitably, and it can- not sell it for anything like the $93,500,- 000 with which it is burdened. If it sells it for what it will bring, can it get judgment against the company for any deficiency that may result, and collect its claim from the rest of the company’s property? IL doubt it very much, and 1 also doubt whether if it gets the judg- ment, which it would only do after pro- tracted litigation, the execution on it would yield any money. Railroads of the magnitude of the Union Pacific can- not be sold like houses and lots, be- cause the purchasers for them are not so numerous, and it might very well be that the upshot of the whole business would be to leave the Union Pacific property, at a smail cost, in the hands of the present company or of a successor posses- also more THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. to it, free from all claims by ernment. The more likely result is a compromise on the lines of those which have been, as I have said, already proposed and reject- ed, though differing from them in tails. the Gov- debt will be extended over a long series of years at a low rate of interest, and | this will clear the way for an adjust- ment of the first mortgage and other debts of the company on easier terms. The negotiations in behalf of the com- pany will have to be conducted by the shrewdest men it can employ, and in | view of Mr. Gould’s established reputa- tion for astuteness, I am not surprised that a majority of the stockholders wish to retain him in their service. MATTHEW MARSHALL. Oe an Off on the Wrong dons. What a jolly thing it is for the monop- olists to see the people going off on a wrong scent and leaving them free to carry out their schemes without inter- ference. Every week some chise is granted by some State or county, town or city—a franchise which means a monopoly, and the power to collect trib- ute from the people. Every new combinations of capital are formed for the purpose of consolidating indus- tries that should be conducted under the law of competition, which is the poor new fran- week some man’s only protection against the inor- dinate greed of the capitalist. Every week some new scheme is set on foot for enriching the few at the expense of the many, and developing in this country an aristioracy of wealth. ‘‘And the people, oh! the people,’? what are they doing? Most of them are attending strictly to their own business, and voting on elec- tion day as the bosses direct. Those who are anxious for reform allow their attention to be distracted by chimerical schemes which can only end in smoke. They want to correct the abuses which exist because of improper legislation by still more unwise legislation. They would restore the balance of wealth by reating more money, or they would re- store the equilibrium of society by pater- nal legislation giving special rights to the working classes. And while they are thus wasting their energies in trying to do the impossible, fetters are being riv- eted on their wrists and ankles which will be a burden to them and their children after them for all time to come. Gro. ER. Scort. > 2 ——_— Rights of a aoc A Chicago judge has decided that there are rights that a workman cannot barter away. A manufacturer executed, for the consideration of one dollar, a writing to the effect that a workman in his em- ploy should not go into the same busi- ness in any one of the nineteen states that were mentioned until at least three years after leaving the employ of the said manufacturer. The workman left and went to the same business, when his former employer attempted to stop him by injunction. The judge decided that the sum of one dollar and work for a week could not be held as sufficient in equity to restrain a man from earning a living. and he disolved the injunction. SS A boy may be started right in the world by a good education and yet go wrong, just as a clock started wrong in the morning but regulated so as to run too fast will be found wrong at night. —__—<-.<___— A bad mistake in addition is when you add to your expenses without adding to your income. | | | de- | The payment of this Government | Grand Rapids & Indiana. Schedule in effect January 10, 1892. TRAINS GOING NORTH. Arrive from Leave acing | jouth. North. For § Saginaw and Cadillac...... 5:15am 7:05 am For Traverse City & Mackinaw 9:20am 11:30 am For Saginaw & Traverse City.. | For Petoskey & Mackinaw..... From Kalamazoo and Chicago. Train arriving at 9:20 daily; except Sunday. 2:00 pm $:10p m 8:35 pm all other trains daily 4:15 pm 10:30 pm TRAINS GOING SOUTH. Arrive from Leave going North. South. 6:20am 7:00 am | 10:30 am | For Cincimantl........sesereoees Yor Kalamazoo and Chicago... For Fort Wayne and the East.. 11:50am 2:00 pm Woe Cinetunads, ................, 5:30 pm 6:00 pm j ee eee we 10:40 p = 11:05 p m From Saginaw..................- 10:40 p Trains leaving at 6:00 p. m. and 11: 05 a m. run daily; all other trains daily except Sunday. Muskegon, Grand Rapids & Indiana. | For Muskegon—Leave. From Muskegon—Arrive. 7:00 am 10:19am 11:25 am 4:40 pm | 5:40 pm 9:05 pm | SLEEPING & PARLOR CAR SERVICE. | NORTH 11:30 a m train.—Parlor chair car G’d Rapids to Petoskey and Mackinaw. 0:30 p m train.—Sleeping car Grand Rapids to Petoskey and Mackinaw. | SOUTH--7:00 am train.—Parlor chair car Grand Rapids to Cincinnati. | IDETROIT | awtaa 19 MIGHIGAN CENTRAL “* The Niagara Falls Route.’ DEPART. ARRIVE PCRS PO 7:00am 10:00pm Mixed a 70am 4:30pm Des Exvprees....................... 1:20pm 10:00am *Atlantic & Pacitic E ere cua 10:30pm 6:00am New York Express...... . caceee 4D TS: me *Daily. All other daily except Sunday. Sleeping cars run on Atlantic and Pacific Express trains to and from Detroit. t parlor cars leave Grand Rapids on Detroit E pi ssat7a.m., returning leave Detroit 4:45 p. m. arrive in Grand Rapids 10 p. m. FRED M. Briaas, Gen’! Agent. 85 Monroe oe A. ALMQuIsT, Ticket Agent, Union De os Gro. W. Munson, Union Ticket Office, 6 7 Monroe St. O. W. Rue@ies G.P. & T. Agent.,¢ Inicago. TIME TABLE NOW IN ~ GRAND HAVE! aA EFFECT. eS EASTWARD. Trains Leave |*No. 14i+No. 16/tNo. 18/*No. 82 Gd Rapids, Ly! 6 50am/10 20am i 3 25pm /10 55pm [oma ...... Ar, 7 45amj)11 25am 27pm |12 37am Patter ote A a Parlor Car} St, Johns ...Ar) § 30am] a pm) 520pm) 1 55am . : : : | Owoss? | 905 laa . AB oie. 6:00 pm train.—Wagner Sleeping Car eee ct Ar, 9 05am} 10pm) o 65pin + om Grand Rapids to Cincinnati. | E. Saginaw Ar|to | | 35pm 8 Opm)} 6.45am 11;05 p m train. ——- Sleeping Car | Bay City _Ar11 30am! 3.45pm) 8 45pm) 7.22am Grand Rapids to Chi i Wiint .......Ari10 } 345pm; 7¢5pm/ 5 40am 3 —| Pt. Huron... Ar{ii in| 6 00pm) § 0 pm| 7 30am . * Chicago via G. R. & I. R. R. | Pontiae ......Ar|/10 53am] 3 05pm) § 25pm] 5 37am Lv Grand Rapids 10:30 am 2:00 pm 11:05 p m | Detroit. ......Arj11 50am} 4 05pm 925pm} 7 00am Arr Chicago 3:55 pm 9:00 p m 10:30 a m train through Wagner Parlor Car. 11:05 p m train daily, through Wagner Sleeping Car. Lv Chicago 7:05 a m 3:10 pm 10:10 pm Arr Grand Rapids 2.00 pm 8.35 pm 6:15 am 3:10 p m through Wagner Parlor Car. 10:10 p m train daily, through Wagner Sleeping Car. 6:50 am Through tickets and ful! information can be had by calling upon A. Almquist, ticket agent at Union Sta tion, or George W. Munson, Union Ticket Agent, 67 Monroe street, Grand Rapids, Mich. Cc. L. LOCKWOOD Jeneral iisuaranat Ticket A Toiedo, Ann Arbor & North Michigan Railway. In connection with the Detroit, Lansing & Northern or Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwauk « offers a route making the best time betwe i Grand Rapids and Toledo. VIA D., L. & N, Lv. Grand Rapids at..... 7:15 a.m. and 1:00 p. m. AY. Toedo a6 ......... 12:55 p. m. and 10:20 p. m. VIA D., 6. H. & M. Ly. Grand Rapids at. §:50 a, m. and 3:25 p. m. Ar. Toledo at. ao “212:55 p. m. and 10:20 p. m. Return connections equally as good. W. H. Bennett, General Pass. Agent, Toledo. Ohio Dor’ t Buy YOUR SPRING LINES OF Hammocks, Base Ball Goods, & Fishing ‘Tackle Until you have seen our assortment. Our sales men are now on the way to call on you. EATON, LYON & CO., GRAND RAPIDS. GHAS. A. GOYK, MANUFACTURER OF | Ar, Grand Rapids...... Horse and Wagon Covers JOBBERS OF Hammocks and Cotton Lucks SEND FOR PRICE LIST. 11 Pearl St, Grand Rapids, Mich. IOS & TENS WESTWARD. ‘Trains ; Leave Gd Rapids, Lv *No. 81 |+No. 11|tNo. 13 |*No. 15 1 09pm} 5 10pm/1) 20pm Gd Haven, Ar 2 10 opm| 6 15pm/11 20pm Milw’kee Str ‘‘ Hs -...| 6 30am} 6 30am Chicago Str. “ L ao 6 00am *Daily. tDaily except Sunday Trains arive from the east, 6:40 a, m., 12:50 a, m., 5:00 p. m. and 10:00 p. m. Trait ; arrive from the west, a. m., 3:15 p.m. and 10:20 p. m. Eastward—No. 14 has Wagner Parlcr Buffet car. No.18Chair Car. No. &2 Wagner Sleeper. Westward — No. 81 Wagner Sleeper. No. 11 Chair Car. No. 15 Wagner Parlor Buffetear. Joun W. Loup, Traffic Manager. BEN FLETCHER, Trav. Pass, Agent. Jas. CAMPBELL, City Ticket Agent. 23 Monroe Street, CHICAGO AND WEsi 6:4 a m, 10: JAN’Y 3 1892 MICHIGAN R’Y. GOING TO CHICAGO. Ly.GR’D RAPIDS......9:00am 12: OSY pm “11s 35pm Ar. CHICAGO oop ocz *7 05am RETURNING FI 20M CHICAGO. Lv. CHICAGO ...9:00am 4:45pm *11:15pm Ar. GR’D RAPIDS : TO AND FROM BENTON HARBOR, 8T INDIANAPOLIS. Ly. Grand Rapids 70am 12:05pm Ar. Grand Rapids *§:10am 3:55pm For Indiana} olis 1 12:05 pm only. TO AND FROM MUSKEGON. 5pm 10:10pm = *6:10am JOSEPH AND *11:35pm 10:10pm Ly. & 10:0Cam 12 05pm 5:30pm 8:30pm AY. G. Sam 3 55pm DPM - cee se fO AND FROM M ANISTEE, TRAVERSE CITY AND ELK RAPIDS. 7:25am 5:17pm Ly. Gr nd Rapids 9:40pm Ae orm id Rapids.... 11:45am THROUGH CAR SERVICE. Between Grand Rapids and Chic ago—W agner Sleepers—-Leave Gran d Rapids *11:35 p m.; leave Chicago 11:15 pm. Parlor Buffet Cars—Leave Grand Rapids 12:05 pm; leave Chicago 4345 p m. Free Chair Cars—Leave Grand Rapids 9:00 am; leave Chicago 9:00 a m. Between Grand Rapids and Manistee—Free Chair Car—Leaves Grand Rapids5:17 pm; leaves Manistee 6:5 DErnOLT, = = s§ = LANSING & NORTHERN R, R. GOING TO DETROIT. Lv. GR’D RAI 7:15am *1:00pm 5:40pm TDS. .- Ar. DDTROIT . "12:00 m *5:16épm 10:40pm RETURNING FROM DETROIT. Lv *, DETROIT. : 7:00am *1:15pm 5:40pm Ar. GR’D RAP IDS.....11:50am *5:15pm 10:15pm To and from Lansing and Howell—Same as to and from Detroit. TO AND FROM SAGINAW, A Ly. Grand Rapids LMA AND 8T. LOUIS. 7:05am 4:15pm ..11:50am 10:40pm & HASTINGS R. R. :15am 1:0€pm 5:40pm TO LOWELL VIA LOWELI Lv. Grand Rapids.. 7 r. from Lowell 1:50am 5:15pm THROUGH CAR SERVICE, Between Grand Re upids tand Detroit — Parlor ears on all trains. ats 25 cents, Between Grand Rs apids and Saginaw—Parlor ear leaves Grand Rapids 7:05 am, arrives in Grand Re pids 7 7:40 pm. Seats 25 cents. *Every day. Other trains week days only. GEO. DEHAVEN, Gen. Pass’r Ag’t. Z STUDY LAW AT HOME. Take a course in the Sprague Correspon- dence school of Law [incorporated]. Send ten cents [stamps] for particu lars to J. COTNER, dr., Sec’y, No. 375 Whitney Block, DETROIT,- MICH, 20 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. TALKS WITH A LAWYER. THE GROWTH OF AMERICAN LAW. Written for THz TRADESMAN. To obtain an adequate idea of the law of any country, one must travel to its sources and follow its growth from its very beginning. Let us pursue this method in a few studies on the growti of our law. In the first place the seeds of American jurisprudence were trans- planted from the old world. . The navi- gators, explorers, missionaries, reform- ers, gold seekers of the very earliest days, brought to our shores along with their intense desire for conquest, for in- dividual gain, for the glory of their sov- erigns, and for religeous freedom, the! made, fearful hardships endured, heroic customs and laws of the homes they left | and adopted them in the new world so far | as they were fitted to their circumstances | and their environment. The brought with them the priceless heritage of the common law of England, and the | English | |toward extending her dominion. She French and Spanish brought the prinei- | ples and codes built upon the foundations | of the civil law—the law of Rome. Of the early explorers sueeeeding Columbus, there was Juan Ponce de Leon, who ianded in 1513, near St. Au- gustine, in Florida, in search of the Fountain of Youth; in 1520, Spanish ships touched the coast of Carolina: in 1521, the territory now known as Texas. New Mexico and part of a great California became a province attached to Spain by the conquest of her great ex- plorer, Cortez. De Soto, another Span- iard, led a party from Florida across the country to the Mississippi in 1542. In 1584-5, Sir Walter Raleigh sent two expe- ditions to North Carolina. A Spanish settlement was made at St. Augustine 1565. Jamestown, Virgina, became the first English settlement in 1607. New York (New Netherlands), in 1613, was settled by the Dutch. and Plymouth, Massachusetts, by the English in 1620. La Salle explored the great lakes and the Mississippi in 1682, the French establish- ing settlements at Kaskaskia and Ar- kansas Post in 1685, and Vincennes in 1702. Mobile and Thus England, Spain and France divided among them- selves the great continent of North America. Spain got the Southern. England the Central. and France the Northern portion. THE ONLY Right Package for Butter. Parchment Lined Paper Pails for 3, 5 and 10 Ibs. STRONG, CLEAN, CHEAP. ts butter in Original Package. Most 1d satisfa ctory way of marketing goods. Full particulars free. DETROIT PAPER PACKAGE 60., DETROIT, MICH. LIGHT, Consumer ¢ profitable : good | sense, | Salaries were annexed to it, | propagation. The discoveries thus made vested the new lands in the sovereign. His title was that by discovery grounded upon the three following ideas: The Christian nation that discovers a heathen land owns it to the exclusion of all other Christian nations. This nation to com- plete its title must within a reasonable time, occupy and use this land. The native inhabitants are only the occupants of the land and not its owners. For over a hundred years from the dis- covery by Columbus no settlement de- serving of more than passing mention was made in the new world by the English. Many and feeble attempts were efforts put forth, but in vain. Raleigh’s | and Drake’s efforts were unsuccessful. | The Spanish settlements were more suc- cessful, and for a clear reason. Spain| looked upon her explorations as means looked forward to another great Roman Empire. Her explorations were, in a| official, and once a post was planted, high officers of state with large thus draw- | ing patronage, wealth and population. | It was oiherwise with the English. In| nearly every case colonization and ex-| ploration was private enterprise; if un-| successful, drawing in its wake individual, suffering and loss, but if suecessful, re- sulting in little indeed to the individual but everything to the crown. Left thus to their own resources, English colonies | in America had a precarious existence | for the first hundred and fifty to two | hundred years, leading one writer to say of the British colonists as late as the| end of the seventeenth century, ‘‘they | were robbers and ge on a large | | j i | | | | | | 4 | } | 5° ROBINSON SPC OMPANY: Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in BOOTS, Pn SHOES a ns o ? BCE yew EYE. CO p= = = == : = == a per Much New Factory, S30 and 332 La Fayette Avenue, Office and Salesroom, 99, 101, 103, 105 Jefferson Ave., DETROIT, MICH seale.”’ Wo. C. SPRAGUE, —_—— >_> > —<—_ ~ During the past ten years there »| The BAI , LOCK 7 P] , W ITT J 4 been a great falling off in the supply of | lobsters, until the price has increased | fully one hundred per cent. This ap- plies alike to the New York market, to the waters along the New England coast and in Canada and Newfoundland, where lobster fishing and canning is an important industry. The necessity for increasing the supply of lobsters is gen- erally recognized, and two methods are proposed for accomplishing this object. One is the enactment of laws which will check the depletion of the lobster beds by over-fishing, and the other is artificial Na a VW voune wi Sui mas TR HE ea \ na ih ranges, Lemons, Bananas, Nuts, Figs Date A Full Line always Carried by | Thk PUYNAM GANDY 60. | lines of walking shoes. We | ean show you all the novelties | at popular prices. We also carry good lines of Tennis Goods at low prices. We want to sell you your rubbers for fall. offered by any agents for the Boston Rubber Shoe Co. The Modern Writing Machine! Visible Writing. Permanent Alignment, Automatic Ribbon-Feed Keverse High Speed, Powerfal Manifolder, ee Durable, The No 2 Machine takes paper 9 inches w ide, and writes line 8 inches long. Price, $100 complete. The No. 3 Machine takes paper 14 inches wide, and writes a line 13% inches long. Price, $110 complete SEND FOR CATALOGUE. TRADESMAN COMPANY, State Agents, Grand Rapids, Mich RINDGE, KALMBACH & CO,, 12, 14, 16 PEARL ST. Grand Rapids, Mich. E would call the atten- tion of the trade to our Terms and discounts as good as a a | STANDARD OIL C0. ‘GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. DEALERS IN Illuminating and Lubricating -OlLlLS- NAPTHA AND GASOLINES. Office, Hawkins Block. Works, Butterworth Ave. oo = : | | | | BULK WORKS AT ee GRAND RAPIDS, MUSKEGON, MANISTEE, CADILLAC, BIG RAPIDS, GRAND HAVEN, LUDINGTON. ALLEGAN, HOWARD CITY, PETOSKEY, HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR EMPTY GARBON & GASOLINE BARRELS. SAGINAW MANUFACTURING CO,, SAGINAW, MICH., Manufacturersfof the Following List of Washboards. , Crescent | | , ; DOUBLE SURFACE Solid Zinc, 9 Ret Star @ Shamrock 4 ‘Ty Leaf re Wilbon Saginaw | Dovble Zine | Defiance | Surface, | Rival / | Wilson aq | Saginaw a | Rival The above are all superior Waushboards, in the class to which they belong. Send for cuts and price-list before order- ing. _FREEMAN Agt,Grand Rapids, Mich. Single Zing Surface, , Spring & Company, IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Dress Goods, Shawls, Cloaks, Notions, Ribbons, Hosiery, Gloves, Underwear, Woolens, Flannels, Blankets, Ginghams, Prints and Domestic Cottons We invite the attention of the trade to our complete and well assorted stock at lowest market prices. Spring & Company. VOIGT, HERPOLSHEIMER & UD, WHOLESALE Dry Goods, Carpets and Cloaks We Make a Specialty of Blankets, Quilts and Live Geese Feathers. Mackinaw Shirts and Lumbermen’s Socks. OVERALLS OF OUK OWN MANUFACTURE. Voigt, Herpolsheimer & Co, ° Se.83 Basige f Grand Rapids. RINDGE, KALMBACH & CO. 12, 14, 16 PEARL ST. {f you use River Shoes, see our line before placing orders. We make the correct styles. Also want to sell you your Boston Rubbers for next season. Terms and discount as good as offered by any agents for the Boston Rubber Shoe Co. Wash Goods! BATES, AMOSKEAG, GINGHAMS, SIMPSON, HAMILTON, MERRIMACK, HARMONY PACIFIC, AMERICAN LIGHT AND BLUE PRINTS IN FANCY AND STAPLE STYLES. TOILE DU NORD, A. F.C: WARWICK, GARNER Cottons, Ticks and Demins Peerless Warps. PUSTERBRBRIEE & SONS. H. LEONARD & SONS, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Velocipedes and Tricycles for Children. IMPROVED STEEL VELOCIPEDE. NEW IMPROVED GIRL’S TRICYCLE. Wheels are finished with bright tin plate and have oval tires, the frame is ly j I It is the best velocipede we can buy. nicety } No. 1—F 16 inches: rear wheels 14 inches, each, - - $1 60 No. 2 + a . . ste 16 — sa - . ng 1 85} Prices are without wheel fenders. No. ‘ 6 6 24 ss $s ss 18 es “6 . ra oh _ = 10 | : ae : : i i oo 6s 66 ea és “ H 9 35| No. 1—Toledo, 22 in. rear wheels, for girls from 4 to 7 years, net each, No. 5 ‘ 5 “ és “90 ‘6 sige - - - 2 60| No.2 ce Oe u n «7 tp 10 “ in lots of six, net price 10 cents each less | No. 3 a es ne i ** 10 to 15 years | GHM TRICY CLE. This is the most perfect Tricycle on the market for Prices quoted without wheel fenders. his is t p } 1 babies and children. It is recommended by physicians as : ‘enti No. 1—20 in. rear wheel, for 3 to 7 years of age the only machine ladies and girls of a delicate constitution oe 2 f > to 7 years of age, No. 2—24 7 to 11 . ean ride with benefit. The Gem has steel wheels, grooved No. 3—28 = ** 11 to 14 steel tires. and forged axles, adjustable spring seat, uphol- No. 4—32 ng ‘+ 14 to 18 . stered with plush, filled with Japanese hair. Rubber Tires, $4.50 net extra. Ne thon orang ea AE eg } etme te a 7 $5 40 6 50 7 60 each. $5 50 G 75 1 10 00 Ye otntaee: OG LI EG pam ——