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prvemnesies toms net

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eatiiiece. manana

   

 

 

Price 25c

MICHIG
TRADES

 

Forty-ninth year

48th Anniversary

 

DECEMBER 2, 1931

 

 

Number 2515

 

 

 

The Song of Service

Sing a Song of Service—
Sing it every day;
If it is sincerely sung—
Trade will come and—stay.
There’s no music in the world
Folks appreciate
Quite as much as Service Songs

Rendered—up-to-date.

Sing a Song of Service—
Back it up with deeds;

Service is the Song of Trade
Everybody needs.

If you sing it loud and well.
You need never fear

That success will pass you by—

Folks are glad to hear.

Sing a Song of Service—
Sing it all the while;

Folks will always welcome it
With a “‘buying”’ smile.
There’s no music on the earth,

Helping trade along,
If sincerely backed by deeds,

Like a Service Song.

Sing a Song of Service—
Sing it every day;

Sing it every hour, minute,
Second—every way.

There’s no music in the world
Folks appreciate

Quite as much as Service Songs
Rendered—up-to-date.

William Ludlum.

 

 

 

 

 

a rae a a OS

Lowest Prices on Wolverine
SHELL HORSEHIDE SHOES

in 18 Years

142% 142.%o

| Usi AS 100%
ERP ROTHERYE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Art ad -|\BEvlow | (913

 

 

Ave ERINE PRIC
COM tH 1913 Pric

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

%
Yo

9 ‘70

,
/\ Non a

x

+ 2h
NOV-16-31
1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1994 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931

WOLVERINE Price Chart By Years

In the spring of 1928 hides had reached the peak in prices. Around the middle of that year these prices began to soften, and con-
tinued to do so till early 1931, since then they have seesawed up and down but at a low average when considering previous high figures.

The Wolverine Shoe and Tanning Corporation, as the largest tanners and shoe manufacturers of Shell Horsehide Shoes, has con-
sistently followed the downward trend in raw material with its wholesale shoe prices.

Our peak in prices was reached in April 1928; the first decline in our average net prices came in August of that year, followed
successively by others in October 1928, November 1928, February 1929, February 1930, August 1930, November 1930 and December
1930. While we did not have another general list decline till now, lowering of prices of individual numbers brought the average price
down in March 1931, in August and again in September.

Our average price in September was the lowest since April 1916 and was reached by passing along savings made through our
lower priced raw material purchases, as well as giving advantage to the lower prices found when possible on semi-manufactured prod-
ucts which we purchase for tanning and shoe manufacturing processes. Reduction in labor costs too has had its influence.

: The prices enclosed taking effect November 1€th are our lowest since 1913 and are possible through a recent sweeping labor cost adjust-
ment and a lowering of selling cost through a_ narrowing of gross margins below what in normal times we would deem a requirement.

Ownership of Wolverine Shell Horsehide Shoes can now be a fact as well as a wish for many at a price they feel they can afford to pay.

Write to us for details regarding our merchandising plan. No obligations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WORK SHOES /(( WORK| GLOVES

Shoe and : Tanning Corp.
ROCKFORD, MICHIGAN

 

 

Gx

 

Forty-ninth Year

GRAND RAPIDS, WE

DNESDAY, DECEMBER 2,

1931

Number 2515

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN
E. A. Stowe, Editor

PUBLISHED WEEKLY by Tradesman Company,
from its office the Barnhart Building, Grand Rapids.

UNLIKE ANY OTHER PAPER. Frank, free and
fearless for the good that we can do. Each issue com-
plete in itself.

DEVOTED TO the best interests of business men,

 

 

 

SUBSCRIPTION RATES areas follows: $3 per year,
if paid strictly in advance. $4 per year if not paid
in advance. Canadian subscription, $4.04 per year,
payable invariably in advance. Sample copies 10 cente
each. Extra copies of .urrent issues, 10 cents; issues a
month or more old, 15 cents; issues a year or more
ald, 25 cents; issues five years or more old 50 cents.

Entered September 23, 1883,at the Postoftice of Grand
Rapids as second class matter under Act of March
3, 1879.

 

 

 

JAMES M. GOLDING
Detroit Representative
507 Kerr Bldg.

 

 

SOME TRENDS IN TRADE.

Sidelight on the General Business
Situation.

The continued unseasonal high tem-
peratures have taken the edge off trade
in tthe last ten or twelve days. Most
market centers report disappointing
conditions and reliance on a sharp up-
turn in ‘Christmas business to make
good recent deficiencies.

Prolonged warm weather over a
large part of the country last week
curtailed wholesale buying in many
lines outside goods made for the holi-
day trade.

The index number of general busi-
ness activity slipped off a trifle again
last week, due chiefly to a slump in the
adjusted index for freight car loadings.

Steel prices have held fairly steady
for a good many months in contrast
to the prices of numerous other com-
modities, a fact which has attracted
much favorable comment in view of
the low production. Pig iron prices,
however, have lately shown a tendency
to weakness.

Importers agree that the British
interim anti-dumping act will result in
the transfer to the British islands and
Canada of a good deal—though rela-
tively a very small amount—of our
manufacturing activities. In this way
American manufacturers may be able
to take care of themselves. It is feared,
however, that American labor will
suffer to some extent.

Organized retailers are preparing to
combat proposed sales tax legislation.
They say that a tenth of all the taxes
now collected are paid by the stores—
their figures showing that two cents
on every dollar of sales goes ito the
public revenues. Their conclusion as
that any substantial additional burden
would have decidedly serious effects on
trade,

Bank failures throughout the coun-
try have fallen since Nov. 1 from an
average of ninety-one a week to fifty-
three in the first week of this month
and ito twenty-six in the second week.

The sharp reduction in the number
of bank closings in the last three weeks

and return of hoarded money in large
amounts are generally regarded as en-
couraging signs of the first importance.
Nothing could do more to restore con-
fidence than the one or to demonstrate
the return of confidence than the other,

The coffee roasters’ plans to increase
consumption of coffee in this country
will be matured in the near future.
Green coffee merchants are co-operat-
ing and the leading country producers
will take part. ‘Extensive advertising
is the kevnote.

Three subjects now promise to be
dominating features for the imminent
session of Congress. Publicity given
the proponents of sales taxes has evi-
dently tempted those opponents who
are now striving for their share of
press notices. And the advance debate
indicates the temperature at which the
sales tax proposals will be fought out
in both nouses. Opposition to all pro-
posed tax increases has also developed,
and ithe political situation will make in-
telligent tax legislation difficult, if not
impossible. The tariff, of course, will
furnish a great deal of material for
wrangling. The recent announcement
of English tariffs against American
goods has added complications and
cmphasized the danger of retaliation,
while political expediency promises to
block all proposals for constructive
tieasures of relief. Over modification
and repeal of the anti-trust laws there
will be much sound and fury; but it
will signify little or nothing but the
suppor: cf party policies. With a Na-
tional election in the near future, mem-
bers of Congress cannot be expected
to compromise their party traditions.
Vote getting will be the motive of
most of the debates, and those who ex-
pect a repeal of any of the anti-trust
laws during the coming session will be
disappointed. The best chance for
business legislation will be represented
by proposals which will aid industry
and, at the same time, result in bene-
fits to the public.

Agreements not to sell below cost,
under certain defined conditions, ap-
pear to have a rapidly improving
chance for legislation, A number of
trade associations are now considering
a preliminary draft of a bill which fol-
lows closely the various proposals of
Nelson B. Gaskill in his report, “Price
Control in the Public Interest,” which
was published by this bureau. And
since this bill is largely based on pub-
lic interest, it may attract the political
influence that is necessary to put it
through.

Re-organization of the Federal
Trade 'Commission is called for by this
price control bill, which will also give
legal status to all trade practice con-
ference procedure under Trade Com-
mission regulation and supervision, and
provide that certain kinds of necessary
agreements by trade associations and
other groups shall be lawful, The most

important of these agreements will
prevent the individual manufacturer
and distributor from selling below cost.
Other agreements will deal with the
adoption of uniform terms of sale;
rules governing dealer helps, advertis-
ing allowances and the like; the abol-
ishment of free deals, premiums, prizes,
other specia! uneconomic inducements
and all forms of commercial bribery;
the dissemination of trade statistics
which now may be illegal, and the es-
tablishment of uniform cost account-
ing sysitems,

Price fixing in all forms that are now
considered illegal would be prevented
under this bill. The principal motive
behind the bill is to protect the public
and labor against the demoralizing re-
actions of price-cutting, and its pro-
visions indicate plainly that the manu-
facturer and all factors of distribution
would benefit through the same protec-
tion. Also, the bill would put a stop
to price depressions and, at the same
time, prevent overproduction and price
inflation. There is no doubt that the
passage of this bill, in its present or a
similar form, would have a stimulating
and permanently beneficial effect on
general business, and that it would re-
sult in great good in the future by
gradually eliminating wasteful prac-
tices. Several authorities have ex-
pressed the conviction that it is the
only form of law-modification legisla-
tion that has a chance during the com-
ing session of Congress.

Successful business concerns, to the
number of 358, which forged
ahead during this year and last, are
discussed by an informal report releas-
ed this week by the Department of
Commerce.
four cities in thirty states, and a great
many others which reported have not
been considered because their success
was not a result of their own efforts,
but was caused by a favorable demand
resulting from outside agencies.

have

They represent seventy-

Increased sales effort and advertis-
ing are the most important reasons
given by these firms for their success.
And the report adds, “Market research,
reduced prices, co-operation with deal-
ers, improvement of service and man-
agement of salesmen occupy a prom-
inent position in the marketing pro-
grams of the companies. Of scarcely
less importance are the policies dealing
with new products, quality, research,
and modification. In
their production policies, firms have

diversification

focused most of their attention on re-
duction of operating expenses and the
installation of modern equipment.”
Fake television stocks are being sold
in New York, Chicago and many other
cities to the extent of millions of dol-
lars. Most of the issues are the result
of re-organizations of radio distribut-
ing companies which are not as yet

handling television equipment;
nearly all are considered worthless by
authorities, and others are being sold
at many times their actual value. High-
pressure salesmen are unloading these
stocks by emphasizing the success of
They are selling by direct calls,
through the mails and by telephone
And it is estimated
that they have diverted more than
$100,000,000 in cash from legitimate
commercial channels since the first of
this year.

Executive trade association sessions
speechmaking and
entertainment have
been found by the Associated Grocery
Manufacturers to be so great an im-
provement that the association has de-
cided to stick to them exclusively in
the future, and to have a meeting of
that kind once every quarter. Practical
discussion of practical problems by the

any

radio.

and telegraph.

unencumbered by
uninterrupted by

men directly interested is what is now
wanted.

a
Index to Special Advertisers.

American Light & Traction Co.

Bancroft Hotel

Bankers Trust C

Bastian- Blessing

Beech-Nut Packing Co.

Belding Basket Co.

Boot & Co.

Brown & Sehler Co.

Citizens Mutual Automobile Insurance
Co. 7

Commercial Milling Co. —- i.

Commonwealth & Southern Corp. --. 7

Consumers Power Co.

Davenport-McLachlan Institute

Detroit Wholesale Merchants Bureau

Dickinson Secretarial School

J. H. Duprey Co.

Dutch Tea Rusk Co.

East Jordan Canning Co.

Edson-Moore & Co.

Fremont Canning Co.

Grande Brick Co.

Grand Rapids Calendar Co.

Grand Rapids Commercial College -~-_ 38

Grand Rapids Gas Co. 5

Grand Rapids Trust Co.

Sherwood Hall & Co.

Harbauer Co.

Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co. ~--..

Hekman Biscuit Co.

J. C. Herkner Jewelry Co.

Herrud & Co.

Hills Bros,

Hotel Hermitage ......._.._......_.....,

Kent Storage Co.

Ben Krause Co.

Lake Odessa Canning Co. ..__........,,

Laug Bros.

H. Leonard & Sons

John L. Lytich Sales Co. ....._.

Joseph P. Lynch Sales Co. -—

McConnell-Kerr Co.

Michigan Bankers & Merchants Mu-
tual Fire Insurance Co.

Michigan Hardware Co. —-.........

Michigan Mutual Liability Co.

Michigan Shoe Dealers Mutual
Insurance Co.

J. C. Miller Co.

Cc. W. Mille Parner Co. .........._..___ d

S. A. Morman Co.

Morton Salt Co.

Muller Bakeries,

National Candy Co.

National Cash Register Co.

Peerless Glove Co.

Petoskey Portland Cement Co.

Postma Biscuit Co.

Preferred Automobile Insurance Co,__

2ademaker-Dooge Grocer Co.

W. R. Roach & Co.

Roseberry-Henry Electric Co.

Standard Grocer & Milling Co.

Syvmiond Bros, & Ca. 2...

Oo. & W. Thum Co.

Utiea BMinitting Co.

Valley City Milling Co.

Van Eerden Co.

Voigt Milling Co.

A. W. Walsh Co.

Wolverine Shoe Co

Fire

———_+>2>
There would be more jobs for men
if women didn’t work.

 

MEN OF MARK.

 

A. C. Loyer, President of the Belding
Basket Co.

To the manufacturer attaches the
blame or credit for the success or fail-
ure of the structure he conceives.
Others may have had much to do with
carrying out ideas he originated. Their
efforts may have operated to enhance
the beauty and utility of the under-
taking or to detract from it. Ordi-
narily the onlookers are disposed to
give little attention to minor influences
which at the most can have but little
effect on the master project. The man
who initiates great undertakings re-
ceives credit for what he achieves or
censure when he fails wholly or in
part, with strict impartiality and with-
out regard to the whys and wherefores
in either case. This is all the com-
pensation he gets—and sometimes it
does not compensate at all appreciably.

Many of those who have established
successful manufacturing enterprises in
this country have back of them a rec-
ord of clean cut, well proportioned,
stable and enduring structures, an or-
nament to the commercial interests of
the sections in which they do business.
The character of the founder and the
director of a great business permeates
every nook and corner of it. He it is
who gives it tone and character. Oth-
ers necessarily lend their aid and in-
fluence and may improve upon the
plan of the master mind in some par-
ticulars and depart from the standard
in others. Such influences, however,
are local in their effect and bearing,
being confined solely to the department
in which the individual is employed.

Various avenues lead to prominence
in the manufacturing world and in it
are to be found representatives of all
known types of forceful, aggressive
business men. Representatives of each
class are tinctured and flavored with
the personality of the individual. Man-
ufacturers are not set apart from their
fellows notably by any characteristic
difference. Those who have reached a
high position in this industry neces-
sarily are men of large caliber. Among
them are to be found examples of the
spectacular growth, the hot-house pro-
duction, the ultra-conservative and
those whose methods seemingly are a
fair composite of all of these. Natur-
ally the disposition and ability of the
manufacturer are the forces which de-
cide the character of the structure and
the time required to erect it. A life-
time is not too long provided the best
results are secured. A few years are
sufficient if the builder is able to com-
plete the work in first class manner
and to see that every detail is perfect.

Commercial creations of one sort
or another engage the thought of the
best people in the country The ideal
business structure is the objective of
most directors. It is a glowing tribute
to American men and systems that
this high standard is closely approach-
ed by many.

Alvah C. Loyer was born in Holland
(Mich.) April 9, 1880. His father was
of German descent. His mother was
of Holland descent. He attended the
public schools of his native town, com-

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

pleting his education at the business
college of C. J. Dregman. While at-
terding school he worked nights and
inornings and Saturdays in the im-
plement store of James Cole. In 1902
he entered the employ of C. L. King
& Co., who conducted a large basket
factory in Holland. He learned the
rudiments of the business and soon
rose to the position of superintendent.
He remained with the King estabtish-
ment until 1912, when he accepted an
imvitation to join hands with E. J.
Chaple in the management of the
Belding Basket Co. On the death of
Mr. Chaple, in 1919, he purchased the
Chaple interest from the estate and
assumed the positions of President and

 

They have a son, 24 years old, who
acts as office manager and spends con-
siderable time in developing special
work on the road. He is a graduate
of Kalamazoo College, from which he
graduated in 1929. He was married
only a few months ago. The family
live in their own home on 716 South
Bridge street.

Mr. Loyer is a member of the First
Baptist church, which he has served
in about every capacity except clergy-
man. He has been superintendent of
the Sunday school for the past ten
years. He is not a jiner in any sense
of the word, his home hearthstone
being the center of all his hopes and
aspirations. He finds ample relaxa-

Alvah C. Loyer

General Manager. In 1922 the corpo-
ration purchased the plant of the Bel-
ding-Hall Refrigerator Co., comprising
twelve and one-half acres, lying along
Flat River and well situated as to rail-
way trackage and road approach. He
has developed a large and compre-
hensive business in laundry and
baker’s baskets and canvas products.
He has three men on the road and
ships goods to every state in the
Union. Many of his units were orig-

-inated by himself and present the

highest state of the art in basket man-
ufacture. To state the situation mild-
ly, he is. universally conceded to be the
most original and. constructive genius
in the basket industry of the United
States.

Mr. Loyer was married in 1904 to
Miss Zora Benedick, of Muskegon.

tion from the exacting demands of his
business in fishing and golf.

Mr. Loyer has served on the Com-
mon Council of his adopted city nine
years, as mayor two years and as pres-
ident of the board of commerce nine
years. In all of these positions he

gave his constituents the best he had .

to offer, receiving the commendation
usually accompanying faithful service.

Personally, Mr. Loyer is one of the
most companionable of men. He keeps
himself keen on all business and scien-
tific questions by comprehensive read-
ing of the best literature of the day
and age. Few men engaged in any line
of manufacture give as minute atten-
tion to details as he does. This ex-
plains why he is a welcome guest
wherever he calls in search of either
orders or ideas.

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Does Not Share Our Affection For
Grand River.

Greenville, Nov. 25—4I want to thank
you for your letter calling my attention
to the Out Around article written by
you and published in the Tradesman of
Nov. 18.

I enjoyed it, not only because it was
written by one of my dearest friends,
but it brought back to me the years
and years I spent in wandering up and
down the old Grand River,

\My first trip was made in a dug out
canoe, paddled by my brother Charles,
in 1865, and the last trip was in 1919,
and made under protest, in an effort to
separate the $300 motor boat of a
friend from the million dollar wing
dams squandered by the Government,
in an effort to show the public that
their representatives in Washington
were “some pumpkins” and were en-
titled to a vote of confidence at the
next election.

My last steamboat trip was made on
the “Rapids,” and despite the fact that
she drew only 18 inches, she spent
more time on the mud flats than in free
water.

Way back, years and years ago, to
prove myself a good fellow, and
against my good judgment, I put some
money in a steamboat, and received in
return a beautifully engraved stock
certificate, which certificate I offered
in exchange for stock in the next wild
Indian scheme for navigation of Grand
River.

Would they take it? Il say not.
My early life was spent on and around
Grand River. I knew every crook
and bend, every hole and mud flat, and
because of this, I knew that all the
money in Grand Rapids could not put
and keep that river in shape to ac-
commodate any kind of freight boats
unless they were also equipped with
tractors to run on land.

Having all this knowledge, I felt
qualified to give advice, and so, when
you send ‘Carl Mapes down to Wash-
ington (and I hope to the Lord that
you have sense enough to keep him
there) and this question of a further
appropriation for Grand River im-
provement came up, knowing that*he
did not know a darned thing about it,
I wrote him, urging that he get behind
an appropriation big enough to enable
drive wells and windmills be placed
ten feet apart, on both sides of the
river and extending the entire distance
from Grand Rapids to Grand Haven.

I freely predicted, providing the
Government could continue to fill the
pork barrel, that the time would come
when ocean going steamships could
come sailing up Grand River and stick
their noses into Wallen’s tannery on
the West side, and their sterns in the
garbage plant on the East side.

You know, Stowe, that I don’t be-
lieve that fellow took me seriously, as
he didn’t do a thing about it, but sat
down there calmly and saw the money
wasted in that salt river project.

Now, Stowe, I don’t believe you
fully considered what the operation of
steamships on Grand River would do
to you and your property at Lamont,
were they in operation right now.

Just think what your feelings would
be, some bright sunny morning at 9,
to awaken from sleep to find a jib
boom sticking part way into your
anatomy, your sun parlor scattered all
over your back yard, your ducks on
the river bank ground to a pulp and
your pet cow minus two legs and one
horn.

Guess the best thing you can do is
to forget some of the wild schemes de-
veloped in Grand Rapids younger days,

Herbert P. ‘Belknap.
—_+->____
The Traveled Route.

Funny to me they build all these fill.
ing stations along the paved highways.

“What’s so funny about it?

Well, you would think they would

build them along the detours, where |

all the traveling is done,

 

 

 

lant lite i

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

 

 

EXPERIENCE

 
 

 
 

The Michigan Trust Company is the old-
est Trust Company in Michigan, organ-
ized in 1889.

It has a successful record over a long
period of years not only in the manage-
ment of Personal Trusts, but in all its Trust
activities.

  
  
 
  
 
  

Its size today, compared with that of
twenty or thirty years ago, is proof of the
success of its public service.

  
  
  

lts management appreciates that in its
fiduciary capacity its primary function is
to serve the best interests of the Trustor

,
{

i

‘| and the beneficiaries.
‘

 
   
  

a It possesses an experienced, sympa-
3 thetic and progressive management.
oR

 
  

Its management and its organization
assure seasoned judgment, unprejudiced
investment advice, highly developed
accounting facilities, conveniently
located quarters and the broad experi-
ence resulting from the handling of trusts
aggregating hundreds of millions of
dollars.

  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 

 

 

Ba yy
eS YY
EY

the MICHIGAN TRUST c..

Grand Rapids

the first Trust Company in Michigan

  

PERMANENCE

RESPONSIBILITY

It maintains highly specialized depart-
ments covering every phase of modern
and progressive trust service.

Its charges are fair and reasonable; in
estate matters its compensation is reg-
ulated by law.

The experience of its organization
acquired in the practical administration
of estates over a period of forty-two
years makes its counsel invaluable in
working out an effectual program for the
disposition of your property according to
your wishes. This counsel is always avail-
able to you and your attorney in the
planning of your will.

It does not solicit or sell life insurance,
but it believes in life insurance and its
proper conservation. It possesses a
trained personnel and complete facilities
for the analysis of insurance requirements
and the development of personal and
corporate insurance trust plans.

 

 

  
   

       
 

 

 
 

 

4

MOVEMENTS OF MERCHANTS.

Grand Rapids—The Quality Lumber
Co., 1572 Turner street, N. W., has
changed its named to the Quality
Lumber & Fuel Co.

Manistee—Merger of the Onekema
Farm Bureau with the Great Lakes
Fruit Industries has been approved
by the stockholders. Plans for the
merger will be completed by Jan. 1.

Big Rapids—Gus Mallis and Wil-
liam Ramelton have opened a sand-
wich shop and restaurant at 116 Mich-
igan avenue. Both are experienced in
the business.

Detroit—The Northwestern Market
Co., Gratiot Central Market, has been
incorporated to conduct a meat market
and do a food brokerage business with
a capital stockof $15,000, all subscribed
and paid in.

Detroit — The Irish Hills Farm
Products, Inc., 501 Barlum Tower,
has been incorporated to deal in farm
products at wholesale and retail with
a capital stock of $2,500, all subscribed
and paid in.

Flint—Marks, Inc., 427 South Sagi-
naw street, retail dealer in women’s
ready-to-wear garments, has been in-
corporated with a capital stock of $10,-
000, $2,700 of which has been sub-
scribed and paid in.

Flint—The Ideal Coal Co., 1403
Union Industrial building, has been in-
corporated to deal in fuel at wholesale
and retail with a capital stock of 1,000
shares at $10 a share, $1,000 being sub-
scribed and paid in,

Detroit — The Gavender-Geringer
Co., Inc., Capitol Park building, has
been incorporated to deal in shoes,
hats and ready-to-wear apparel for
women with a capital stock of $20,000,
all subscribed and paid in,

Saginaw—The Paris Candy Co., 700
Genesee avenue, has been incorporated
to deal in confectionery of all kinds
and ice cream at retail with a capital
stockof $5,000, $3,500 of ,which has
been subscribed and paid in.

Sturgis—An involuntary petition in
bankruptcy was filed in the U. S. Dis-
trict Court at Detroit against Austin
M. Yocum, retail dry goods and' shoes,
by Max Kahn, representing Interna-
tional Shoe Co., $1,360 and Greenwald
& Co., $153. :

Sault Ste. Marie—Kaizor Maze, who
took over the Alto hotel several years
ago as manager, has purchased it and
changed its name to the Northview.
Mr. Maze will keep the hotel open all
winter and remodel it and install hot
and cold running water in each room.

Detroit—The Orley Food Co., 6217
Lincoln avenue, has been incorporated
to manufacture and sell extracts and
syrups, preserved food products, with
a capital stock of $2,200 common and
300 shares at $1 a share. of which
$1,500 has been subscribed and paid in.

Hamtramck—An involuntary peti-
tion in bankruptcy has been filed in
U. S. District Court at Detroit against
Samuel Selman, retail shoes, by Mc-
Leod, Fixel & Fixel, attorneys, repre-
senting Morse & Rogers, $799; Dia-
mond Shoe Co., $593; Crescent Shoe
Co., $291.

Grand Rapids—Ernest A. Prange,

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

doing business as Prange’s Department
Store, has been adjudicated an invol-
untary bankrupt by District Judge
Fred M. Raymond. Petitioning cred-
itors are McElroy-Sloan Shoe Co., St.
Louis, Finebilt Frocks, Inc., New
York City; Radio Distributing Corp.,
Grand Rapids.

‘Byron Center—Cassius B. Towner,
veteran merchant and good citizen,
passed away at 3 o'clock this morning,
(He had been ill for about six months
and for several weeks his life hung in
the balatice. He rallied somewhat
about a month ago, but had a relapse
Thanksgiving day. He was a man of
very dependable character. His word
was always as good as a bond. His
death will leave an aching void in the
hearts of those who knew him and
loved him because of his many ex-
cellent qualities.

Fennville—The will of the late Leon-
ard S. Dickinson, hardware dealer
here for over fifty years, disposed of
an estate of approximately $100,000.
The Fennville M. E. church was given
$500. His widow has the home here
and. $10,000. His nephew, Donald, re-
ceived the hardware store, stock, ac-
counts, and brick buildings in which
the business is conducted. His broth-
er, Walter, of Sturgis, received $5,000.
The sixty-acre farm North of this vil-
lage was given to Mrs. Osmer, sister
of the first wife of the deceased. The
residue was divided among eight nieces
and nephews.

Flint — Harry Bloomberg, former
proprietor of the Family Shoe Store
at Flint, facing involuntary bankruptcy
proceedings in the district court here,
has made an offer in composition to
his creditors. Bloomberg, who admits
insolvency through the schedules of
assets and liabilities filed, has offered
to pay a cash compromise of 20 per
cent. with the exception of priority
claims and administration expenses. In
a schedule of assets and liabilities filed
with the offer in composition, Bloom-
berg listed his liabilities at $34,991.84,
his assets at $33,082.10, with an ex-
emption claim of $1,850.

Bangor—In the matter of Barney
Melnick, doing business as Bangor
Bargain Store, the trustee’s final re-
port and account was aproved at the
final meeting of creditors. An order
was made for the payment of the bal-
ance of administration expenses and
for the declaration and payment of a
final dividend to creditors of 17.8 per
cent, A previous dividend of 10 per
cent. had already been paid. No ob-
jection was made to discharge of the
debtor and the meeting adjourned
without date. The case will be closed
and returned to District Court at
Grand Rapids in the near future.

Traverse City—The Grand Traverse
Grocer Co., with jobbing houses at
both Traverse City and Manistee, en-
tertained the retail independent grocer
merchants of Traverse City to a ban-
quet last Wednesday evening. With
but two or three exceptions all of the
independent retail grocers of Traverse
City, numbering about thirty, were
present. After the banquet a general
discussion of present business condi-
tions was indulged in. Fred D. Vos.
President and Manager, gave a very

interesting talk, in which he explained
some of the present day methods of
merchandising. Others that spoke
were Adrian Oole, Secretary and
Treasurer; Robert C. Bailey, Manager
of M. P. Nielsen’s store at Manistee;
Clarence Gardiner, Joseph Eherenber-
ger, John Guigley and other local
merchants.

Ypsilanti—In an effort to abate the
peddling nuisance, which has grown to
be a large problem in this city in re-
cent months, the local Board of Com-
merce is to have cards printed with
the admonition, “Positively No So-
liciting,” and these cards will be dis-
tributed to all householders wishing
them. They are to be tacked in a con-
spicuous place near the house door-
ways, the same plan having been in
use in Ann Arbor for some time. The
peddler’s licensing ordinance which
was adopted by the city council several
months ago, and which was expected
to control the peddling nuisance, has
failed to do so largely because of the
many violations and the difficulty of
apprehending the vioiators. Many
housewives have reported that they are
sometimes called to the door as many
as ten times in a day by peddlers of
almost every variety of merchandise,
and during the past two weeks a new
“racket” has appeared in the form of
a variety of “short change artist.” The
men, appearing to be farmers peddling
their own garden produce, go from
house to house with vegetables, and as
soon as they encounter a housewife
who makes a purchase and tenders a
bill in payment they inform her that

 

 

Forty-eighth ‘Anniversary

they must go to the car for change.
They then drive rapidly away and the
housewife finds that she has paid $1 or
perhaps $5, for a head of cabbage or
a peck of apples.

 

Manufacturing Matters.

Holland—The Bos Tobacco & Can-
dy Co. has started construction of a
one-story brick addition, 45x36 feet,
to its plant at 203 Eighth street, E.
The annex will be used for a storage
house.

Detroit—The Morse Radio Sales,
Inc., 11547 Livernois avenue, has been
incorporated to manufacture and sell
radio sets and equipment, with a cap-
ital stock of $6,800, all subscribed and
paid in.

Detroit—Held’s Jewelry House, Inc.,
9 East Grand River avenue, manufac-
turer and dealer in jewelry, has merg-
ed the business into a stock company
under the same style with a capital
stock of $25,00, $10,000 of which has
been subscribed and paid in.

Corunna—Announcement is made by
Fred Ritter and Lawrence F. Gardner,
former superintendent and assistant, of
the Weatherproof Body Corporation,
of this city, they have purchased the
plant B, from the Allied Motors cor-
poration, of Detroit, and that the com-
pany will operate under the name
of the Corunna Manufacturing Co. It
was announced that the entire stock
of the plant and its machinery was sold
to the two men with other local stock
interested. The Weatherproof plant
moved to this city from Detroit twelve
years ago.

 

 

 

customers healthy.
have good appetites

and more profits.

a product of

 

increases sales of
other products, too.

When you recommend Fleischmann’s
Yeast you help yourself to extra profits
—because Fleischmann’s Yeast keeps

ceries. To you that means bigger sales

FLEISHMANN’S
YEAST

STANDARD BRANDS
INCORPORATED

hs Orth Y

)Y EAT LAIN OR

OISSOLVE 1m WATE

| FLEISCHMANNS §
YEAST

cor iG
© VITAMINS B-D-G »
ee eee ae
Ap Bomtend Coons Sac *

OB om oreo

 

Healthy customers
and buy more gro-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Essential Features of the Grocery
Staples.

Sugar— Local jobbers hold cane
granulated at 5.10c and beet granulated
at 4.90c.

‘Canned Fruits—Continued reports
from California that the groundwork
is being laid for a firmer market on
fruits is encouraging to the trade here.
The can companies and_ influeniial
bankers are behind this movement, and
certainly wield the necessary power to
bring about a better price structure if
they resolutely set out to do so, In
the meantime, reports are going the
rounds that Hawaiian pineapple may
be advanced soon. If this should
occur fruits would naturally be bene-
fited, but in any event, they have thus
far withstood the effect of the severe
slash in pineapple, and price cuts were
few and confined only to some of the
smaller independents, The opening
prices named on Florida grapefruit
have had little reaction so far. This
has been due largely to the fact that
so much old pack grapefruit has been
cleaned up here at very low prices.
But after all, distributors will probably
use this cheap grapefruit for a quick
turnover. Itds one of the fruits which
should be moved rapidly.

Canned Vegetables—So much atten-
tion is being given to strictly holiday
lines now that the general list is more
or less obscured for tthe time being, at
any rate. ‘However, the price struc-
ture is holding well, and_ statistics
compiled by the Corn Institute of
Ohio, showing shipments of corn dur-
ing September and October from all
packers to distributors to have ‘been
3,524,000 cases, is encouraging despite
the large stock this year. Maryland
tomatoes are firm, with No. ls show-
ing an advance.

Dried Fruits—Retail outlets are not
carrying heavy stocks and naturally
will be in the market for supplies regu-
larly, as trading is confined largely to
a replacement basis. A few items are
in very short supply here, particularly
Oregon prunes. It has been estimated
that no distributor here is carrying
sufficient Italian prunes to supply
more than a moderate demand. Cali-
fornia packers are buying very closely,
waiting for demand to absorb their
holdings. It is: understood here that
they are mot carrying very heavy sur-
pluses. Since outside growers began
to hold their raisins for better prices,
packers have been less enthusiastic
purchasers. The firmer tone in many
items reported in California is being
well maintained. Raisins, dried apples
and top grades of apricots are among
the fruits to show fractional advances.
Figs are not so easy and irregular as
they have been. A better demand for
medium sized prunes iis reported, and
the ‘small sized prunes have been well
absorbed ‘by Continental markets. Im-
porters abroad were anxious buyers
when first there was talk about pos-
sible tariffs dn England. The dried
fruit market is in good shape statisti-
cally. No one item has been over-
produced, while some obvious short-
ages exist. What the market here
needs is a period of good cold weather.
When this comes, if indeed it has not
already started, dried fruits will begin
to move into consumption in some-
thing like seasonal volume.

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Canned Fish—There is not much
change in the salmon situation. It is
not a holiday item, and will receive
little attention now until the holidays
are over. So far, sellers of fancy sal-
mon are well satisfied with the volume
of business already done this fall, and
the outlook for steady replacement
‘business after ‘the turn of the year.

(Nuts—Announcement comes from
‘California that the walnut association
reports it is sold up on all varieties
now, and stocks of almonds left unsold
are very light. This news should fur-
ther increase the demand for pecans
which are being merchandised for the
first time this year on a competitive
basis with walnuts. At the present
time retail outlets appear to be well
stocked on pecans and there is not
much activity in the market now, but
with the Christmas holiday coming on
it is expected that the attractive prices
named will move stocks out in such
volume that replacements will be in
order. The shelled nut line continues
routine. A shipment of new crop
French walnuts has arrived, but it was
largely sold previously and importers
still report that they are not carrying
a Jarge surplus. Shelled almonds are
steady and Levant ‘filberts firm on all
stocks for immediate shipment, but
slightly easier on filberts for forward
shipment.

Pickles—There is a better feeling in
the market, and a good volume of holi-
day ‘business has already been booked.
The apparent shortage of genuine dills
and a few other varieties has put sell-
ers in a ‘better frame of mind regard-
ing the future market.

Rice—While demand for rice here is
not as active as it was a month ago,
there is a good volume of business be-
ing done, ‘Retail outlets in need of
stocks are in the market because of the
advances made in the South.. Resist-
ance against higher price levels is
growing, however, and will probably
mean more limited buying in anticipa-
tion of a break. (Growers in the South,
however, show ino fears in this connec-
tion. They are holding stocks very
firmly, advancing prices on both
prolifics and Blue ‘Rose. More of the
mills are closing down because cf the
high prices they are asked to pay for
rough rice, as they see little prospect
of successfully passing on the increas-
ed costs to distributors. Both export
and domestic demand is now on a more
moderate scale, but primary marke:
prices are holding well. Short grains
and long grains alike are steady.

Sauerkraut—Sentiment among sauer-
kraut packers is very firm. There is
only a limited amount of stocks and
prices have already advanced to the
‘basis of 85c for ‘No. 3s. Further ad-
vances are predicted by some before
the year ends.

He
Review of the Produce Market.
Apples—Current prices are as fol-
lows:

’ Baldwins, 2% in., A. Grade _---$ .85

Bananas, 2% in., A. Grade __---- 1.00
Delicious, 2% in., A. Grade -_-_ 1.25
Delicious, 2% in., C. Grade __-. .75

Greenings, R. I., 2% in., A. Grade 100
Greenings, R. I., Bakers, 3 in. __ 1.25
Grimes Golden, 2% in., A. Grade 1.00
Grimes Golden, 2% in, A. Grade .65
Hubbardstons, 2% in., A. Grade 1.00

Jonathans, 2% in., A. Grade —--. 1.25
Kings, 3 in. Baking, A. Grade ~~ 1.50
McIntosh, 2% in., A. Grade -_-. 1.75
Yellow Pippins, C. Grade _----- ao
Shiawassee, 2% in., A. Grade -. 1.00
Spies, 3 im: Bakers 020 1.50
Spies, 24 in. A. Grade ___..___ 1.50
Spies, 2% m., C. Grade __..___- 85
Talman Sweets, 2% in., A. Grade .85
Waeners, 2% in., A. Grade __. 75
Cooking Apples -..-_..- 50

Baskets included 15c extra.
Washington box apples are sold on
the following basis:

Extra faney Delicious ._..__-__. $2.75
Raney Delicious 2... 2.50
Pxtea faney Komes -_..... 2.45
Haney Romes 2 2S

Bagas—Canadian, 60c per 50 Ib. sack.
Bananas—5@5%4c per Ib.
Beets—75c per bu.

Butter—The market is inclined to be
weak and lower. Price has declined
lc per pound since last report. Job-
bers hold 1 lb. plain wrapped prints at
30c and 65 lb. tubs at 29c for extras
and 28c for firsts.

Cabbage—60c per bu.

Carrots—60c per bu.

Cauliflower—$1.25@1.50 for box con-
taining 6@9.

Celery—30@50c according to size.

Celery Cabbage—65c per doz.

Chestnuts—l8c per lb. for
York stock,

Cocoanuts—90c per doz. or $5.50 per
bag.

Cranberries—Late Howes, $2.50 per
box.

Cucumbers—Illinois
per doz.

Eggs—Prices are a little weaker all
along the line.

Jobbers are paying 30c for strictly
fresh hen’s eggs and 20c for pullets.
They are selling their supplies:

New

hot house, $2

Presh hennery egas —.____._____ 34c
Beech emee 02 oo 28c
Presh pullets 5 *_ 24c
XX candied storage -._______.__ 22c
X candied storage _.......___.__ 17c
XN checks storage _9 16c

Grape Fruit—Florida commands $3
@3.50 per box; bulk $3@3.25 per 100.
Grapes—Calif. Emperors, $2.40.
Green Onions — Shallots, 50c per

doz.
Green Peas—Calif., $9 per crate of
40 Ibs.
Green Beans—$3.50 per hamper for
California.

5

Lettuce—In good demand on the
following basis:
Imperial Valley, 6s, per crate ~-$5.50
Imperial Valley, 5s, per crate _. 5.50
Home grown leaf, 10 Ibs, --_____ 50
Lemons—Present quotations are as
follows:

S00) Sunkist 2200 $5.50
d00) Sunkist 00.2 5.50
360 Red Ball 4.50
300 Red Ball 4.50

Oranges—Fancy Sunkist California
Navels are now sold as follows:

1h 2 $5.00
MQ 4.75
A 4.50
BMG 4.50
ANG oo 4.25
BNE ee 4.25
Ae 4.00
A 3.75

Floridas—$3.50@3.75 for all
Bulk, $3.25 per 100.
Onions—Michigan, $2 per 100 Ibs.
for yellow and $2.50 for white; Gen-
uine Spanish, $2.75 per crate.
Parsley—40c per doz. bunches.
Pears—Kiefers, $1 per bu.; Califor-
nia, $4 per box.
Peppers—Green, 90c per doz. Calif.
Potatoes — On the local market
transactions hover around 40c per bu.
In Northern Michigan carlot buying
points the price ranges from 15@18c
per bu.; Idaho, $2.25 per 100 Ib. sack.
Poultry—Wilson & Company pay as
follows:

sizes;

Heavg Sprig 22... 14c
Heavy fowls .... 0 14c
Eqght fowls 0005503 12c
Prices oo 13c
Geese 10c
No. | Turkey ......0.0 3 20c

Sweet Potatoes—$2 per hamper for
kiln dried Jerseys.

Squash—$2.75 per 100 Ibs. for Hub-
bard.

Tomatoes—Hot house, $1.25 per 7
Ib. basket.

Veal Calves — Wilson & Company
pay as follows:

Maney 2 6@9c
Ged@ 7c
Medi 2.0.) 5c
Poot oe 8c

Detroit—The Blue Ribbon Dairy

Co., 2024 Union Guardian Trust build-
ing, has been incorporated with a cap-
ital stock of $100,000, $50,000 of which
has been subscribed and $10,000 paid

- I,

 

 

same style.

 

 

OLD BUSINESS IN NEW HANDS
Mrs. O. P. Davies has acquired the fire,

accident, casualty and liability business of
her late husband, who did business under the
style of Decker, Davies & Jean, and will con-
tinue same at the old location 908 Grand

Rapids Savings Bank Building, under the

 

 

 

 

6

MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE

“Fireproof” Buildings That Burn.

Discussing the combustibility of
so-called fireproof buildings in the cur-
rent issue of the American Architect,
H. E. Maxson points out that the
false sense of security engendered by
the terms has been dissipated by sad
and costly experience.

 

The ideal “fire resisting’ construc-
tion, Mr. Maxson says, the designation
being used nowadays in preference to
the inaccurate “fireproof,’ uses solid
masonry one and one-half inches or
more in thickness to protect the struc-
tural frame work, has floor and roof
arch construction and masonry—either
reinforced concrete or brick of thick-
ness and span sufficient to support any
weight to which it may be subjected.

In such an ideal structure, Mr. Max-
son continues in explanation: “All of
its floor opening such as_ elevator,
stairway, dummy, pipe, ventilating and
other shafts, are enclosed by fire re-
sisting walls, i. e., plastered brick,
terra cotta or gypsum blocks, with re-
liable fire doors at all openings.

“It is moderately ‘exposed’ and has
polished wired glass windows in hol-
low metal frames on all exposed sides
and on all sides above the eighth floor.
All interior woodwork is treated with
fire-proofing and its floors are scupper-
ed or otherwise protected with ade-
quate drainage to remove water in the
event of fre,

“Fire resisting buildings in which
there are serious structural defects,
such as unprotected iron or steel struc-
tural members or unprotected floor
openings, may justly be graded 20 to
80 per cent. below the ideal structure
in fire underwriting merit, depending
upon height, nature of occupancy and
the combustibility of their contents.

“The fire hazard of buildings is usu-
ally more severe while they are being
erected because of the introduction of
the temporary hazards incidental to
construction. Probably the most im-
portant of these hazards is the pres-
ence of quantities of temporary wood-
work in the sidewalk decks, platforms,
enclosures, interior and exterior scaf-
folding, hoist shafts and frames, guard
rails, landing platforms and runways
leading to exterior hoists and scaffold-
ing, wood floor arch frames tempor-
arily installed as supports for masonry
floors, arches wood concrete forms
built around steel members, tempor-
ary wood flooring, partitions, enclos-
ures, offices, materials and workmen’s
shanties,

“Collectively, there is sufficient tem-
porary woodwork used in the average
fire resisting structure to result in seri-
ous fire damage. During recent years
fire losses of this character have cost
fire companies 10 per cent. to 70 per
cent, of the gross amount of insurance
carried at the time. As in all classes
of buildings, the amount of {fire resist-
ing structures is usually based upon
the original cost when new, whereas,
the cost of replacement of sections of
these structures, particularly orna-
mental building facings and loft parts
is likely to run 50 to 200 per cent.
higher than the original cost.

“In one recent example, the cost
of repairs and replacements necessary
as a result of fire in a modern church

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

during its erection amounted to be-
tween 200 and 300 per cent. of the
original cost of the damaged parts.
Had the structural damage been a little
more severe—practically total demoli-
tion and reconstruction might have
been necessary. In this event, the to-
tal amount of insurance carried would
have been entirely inadequate, possibly
not half enough to pay the costs of
reconstruction.”

++ + +

Difficulties of Adjustment Increase.

One branch of activity associated
with the fire insurance business which
is having a particularly difficult time
as the result of the present state of
business and property values, the Na-
tional Underwriter says, is adjustment
work. Adjusters to-day are meeting
with opposition in their work to a
greater extent than has been manifest-
ed for a long time. Although prop-
erty values have decreased tremend-
ously, assureds expect to collect the
face value of their policies when losses
occur, As a result of this breach in
the viewpoint of companies and as-
sured, many more cases are involved
in litigation than ordinarily.

Use and occupancy claims particu-
larly have proved difficult to adjust.
The insured now does not want his
losses under this coverage adjusted on
the basis of net profit and _ fixed
charges. Rather, he seeks to have ad-
justment made on the basis of reduced
production, whereas even if his busi-
ness had been able to continue uninter-
rupted, there might not have been
any net profit.

Attorneys who are hungry for clients
are soliciting loss cases without an un-
derstanding of the adjustment prin-
ciples involved. And in their support
of the claimant they are aided by the
popular ignorance of insurance princi-
ples, and prejudice against insurance
companies.

——_-—--o
Discarded Bottles Start Fires.

To the notices warning tourists of
the danger of throwing down cigarette
ends and matches in dry gooded dis-
tricts should be added a warning that
bottles, even broken bottles, are the
most disastrous of all causes of forest
fires, according to Dr. Beroud of
Marseilles, who has spent several
years examining the origin of such
fires in Southern France, says the New
York Times.

Twenty per cent. of the cases where
no cause can be found for the fire out-
break, he says, may be safely attribut-
ed to a piece of curved glass from a
broken bottle thrown away by picnick-
ers or hunters.

These bits of broken curved glass
can act as a magnifying glass, con-
centrating the sun’s rays and starting
fires even more easily than could be
started by cigarettes. In one case a
man accused of incendiarism in the
South of France proved his innocence
by the discovery of a bottle end at the
spot where the ‘fire started.

—_»-+ + —___—_.
The Same With Many.

“My husband is trying to sell our
car,”

“Why?”

“He says the outgo for the upkeep is
too much for ‘this income.”

——_—_ + -+—___-

Keep an “I” before all your ideals.

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

 

PLAN NOW FOR 1932

Consider each item of your overhead expense for a
possibility of reduction in cost during 1932. If you
are paying too much for your insurance, investigate
the Federal Mutuals. For more than 30 years they
have provided merchants with honest protection
at an honest price. Policyholders have saved more
than 39 million dollars. Only select risks are in-
sured. If you think your property will qualify, use
the coupon below. It will bring you complete in-
formation.

FEDERAL HARDWARE & IMPLEMENT MUTUALS

Retail Hardware Mutual Fire Ins. Co. Hardware Dealers Mutual Fire Ins. Co.
Minneapolis, Minnesota Stevens Point, Wisconsin
Minnesota Implement Mutual Fire Ins. Co.

Owatonna, Minnesota

cee | ey es ee ee ee ee ee nw een een

FEDERAL HARDWARE & IMPLEMENT MUTUALS
STEVENS POINT, WIS.

We would like more information on your plan of decreasing over-
head expense in 1932.
Mamet Address ee

 

 

 

Mutual Insurance

With losses lower, with expenses lower, with no inside profits
for invested capital you would expect the net cost of MUTUAL
insurance to be less. It is.

The saving in cost is not made at any sacrifice in safety and
strength, The Mutual plan of operation is right, Mutual insur-
ance is better protection, Because it is better it costs less.
May sound unreasonable if you are not informed, An investi-

gation is convincing, For the sake of yourself and your busi-
ness, investigate.

Finnish Mutual Fire Insurance Company
444 Pine Str., Calumet, Mich.

 

 

 

 

1909 22 Years 1931

Losses Paid Promptly — Saving 30%
For FIRE and WINDSTORM Insurance

 

 

THE GRAND RAPIDS MERCHANTS
MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY
oe a affliated with

RETAIL DRY GOODS
320 openes Bldg. Cale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Proceedings of the Grand Rapids
Bankruptcy Court.

Grand Rapids, Nov. 23—On this day
was held the first meeting, as adjourned,
in the matter of Lester R. Wolverton,
Bakrupt No. 4676. The bankrupt was
present in person and represented by
attorney Glenn D. Mathews. One claim
was proved only. Certain creditors were
present in person. The bankrupt was
sworn and examinen without a reporter.
No trustee was appointed for the present.
The matter then adjourned to Nov. 27
for further proceedings.

In the matter of Fred E. Onasch, as
Ideal Bakeries, Bankrupt No. 4699. The
first meeting of creditors has been called
for Dec. 10.

In the matter of Keith E. Terry, Bank-
rupt No. 4702. The first meeting of cred-
itors has been called for Dec. 10

In the matter of Enoch H. Beckquist,
Bankrupt No. 4716. The first meeting
of creditors has been called for Dec. 10.

In the matter of Clarence J. Withesr,
Bankrupt No. 4712. The first meeting of
creditors has been called for Dec. 10.

In the matter of Russell S. Haight,
as East End Drug Store, Bankrupt No.
4/17. The first meeting of creditors has
been called for Dee. 11.

In the matter of Jerome C. Hale,
Bankrupt No. 4642. The first meeting of
creditors has been called for Dec. 11.

In the matter of Howard Sayers, Bank-
rupt No. 4710. The first meeting of cred-
itors has been called for Des. 11.

Nov. 24. We have received the sched-

ules. order of referenct, and adjudication
in the matter of Warren J. Miller, Bank-
rupt No. 4712. The bankrupt is a resi-
dent of Kalamazoo, and his occupation
is that of a real estate broker. The
schedule shows no assets, with liabilities
of $11,651.40. The ourt has written for
funds and upon receipt of same the first
meeting of creditors will be called. The
list of creditors of said bankrupt is as
follows:
Kromdyk & Son, Kalamzoo —----- $447.67
KxXalamazoo Stove Co., Kalamazoo 262.00
Estate of Alice E. Gamet, Kalama. 415.00
Mrs. Ellen Young Blood, Kalamazoo 315.00
First Nat. Bank & Trust Co., and

Main Motors, Ine., Kalmazoo —~ 423.66
DeSmit Sheet Metal Works, Kala. 18.00

Roscoe Geembel, Kalamazoo ---- 50.00
Casper Has, Kalamazoo — 357.50
Sprague Hardware Co., Kalamazoo 150.60
H. C.. Waters & Co., Paw Paw 2,06
V & A Bootery, Kalamazoo —___-_ 3.50
P. B. Appledorn Sons, Kalamazoo 5.00
Lew Keller, Kalamazoo -___--_.___ 320.00
Metzger & Triestram, Kalamazoo 19.24
N.. J; Bauman, Kalamazoo —_ 193.79
Kala. Special Auto Body Co., Kala. 229.00
Swiss Cleaners, Kalamazoo ------ 18.75
Carl Walters, Kalamazoo —---.---_ 155.40
Sam Folz Co., Kalamazoo —---_- 40.00
Kalamazoo Gazette, Kalamazoo__. 266.60
Butler Battery Shop, Kalamazoo. 22.30
O. Skinner, Kalamazoo =... 2,482.50

Home Savings Bank, Kalamazoo 1,206.00
Godfrey Lumber Co., Kalamazoo 911.62

Fred J. Hotop, Kalamazoo --_--- 502.93
Harold Chapman, Kalamazoo ---. 15.00
li. Jd. Griffith, Kalamazoo = 2 6.50
Hathaway Tire Co., Kalamazoo -~ 165.80
O. —F. Miller, Kalamazoo —-________ 159.00
Brophy-Chevrolet Sales Co., Kala. 40.75
W. B. Place, Kalamazoo 10.00

Star Bargain House, Inc., ‘Kalama. 101.48
M. & T. Battery & Electric Co.,

Kalamazoo. 2205 2 ee 13.65
Stears & Kleinstuck, Kalamazoo__ 117.25
Lew Hubbard, Kalamazoo —___-~_- 33.15
Li: Ve White Co, Kalamazoo -._ 196-81
John DeMink, Kalamazoo __-_---~-- 152.38
Harrigan Coal Co., Kalamazoo --. 77.00

University Hospital, Ann Arbor -_. 77.00
Dr. W. E. Shackleton, Kalamazoo 25.00
Dr. W. F. Ertell, Kalamazoo ---. 25.00
Mrs. Nia White, Kalamazoo --_---- 100.00
Miss Elizabeth Swonk, Kalamazoo 73.50
Kalamazoo Glass Works, Kalama. 30.75

A. I. Ashton, Kalamazoo _____--___ 95.12
J. R. Jones Sons & Co., Kalama. 179.42
Gilmore Bros., Kalamazoo —-----~-- 35.00

Weonomy Wall Paper Co., Kalama. 135.93
Estate of C. A. Roudenbush, Kala. 207.30
Albert Kohl, Mary Kohl, and

Myron Moter, Kalamazoo ------ 700.00
Nov. 25. We have received the sched-
ules, order of reference and adjudication
in the matter of Glenn P. Skeels, Bank-
rupt No. 4721. The bankrupt is a resi-
dent of Sturgis, and his occupation is
that of a dealer in used cars. The sched-
ules show assets of $677, with liabilities
of $5,847.91. The court has written for
funds and upon receipt of same the first
meeting of creditors will be called. _

In the matter of Sturdy Mfg. Co.,
Bankrupt No. 4356, the trustee has here-
tofore filed his final report and account,
and a final meeting of creditors was held
Oct. 19. The bankrupt was not present
or represented. The trustee was present
in person and represented by attornev
Raymond Dresser. Creditors were pres-
ent by attorneys Jackson, Fitzgerald &
Dalm and R. A. Mayer. The trustee’s
final report and account was approved
and allowed. Claims were proved and
allowed. An order was made for the
payment of expenses of administration
and for the declaration and payment of
a first and final dividend to labor claims
of 71 per cent. All secured claims have
heretofore been paid in full. No objections
were made to the discharge of the bank-
rupt. The final meeting then adjourned

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

without date, and the case will be closed
and returned to the district court, in
due course.

We have received the schedules, order
of reference, and adjudication in the
matter of Jacob Heibel, Bankrupt No.
4720. The bankrupt is a resident of
Salem township, and his occupation is
that of a farmer. The schedule shows
assets of $6.529, with liabilities of $6,-
208.71.

In the matter of Emmett F. Roche,
individually and trading as Emmett F.
Roche Co. and Emro Mfg. Co., and Mich-
igan Merchandise Brokerage Co., Bank-
rupt No. 4688, the inventory and ap-
praisal has been filed and a sale of the
assets at auction at the premises, 232
Michigan street, N. W., Grand Rapids,
wil be held on Friday, Dee: 18. ° The
assets consist of automobile and radio

Are you out to
win arguments -

or to hold

customers?

I, ’S not so hard to win an
argument — once. It seems
pretty easy, sometimes, per-
suading a customer to buy what
you want to her to buy—even
though it’s not exactly what she
wanted to get. But the question
is—will she come back? Will
you have a chance to win your
argument again?

You may have all the logic
on your side. The product you
offer may be good—the price
reasonable.

word in service.
points, of course.

what the customer wants.

Det Monre.

That fact has been proved many times
over. It has been proved in any number
of investigations—made in all parts of the
United States—by independent, unbiased
organizations. It’s proved over many years
by Det Montr’s own sales, which
show a rate of increase far and
away beyond the general increase

in canned food consumption.

CANNED FRUITS —

Your store may be con-
veniently located. It may offer the last
These are important
But they’re seldom
important enough to take the place of
And when it
comes to canned foods, most people want

VEGETABLES —

merchandise and accessories and the to-
tal appraisal is $991.64. An inventory
and appraisal may be seen at the office
of Fred C. Timmer, trustee, 552 House-
man building or at the office of the ref-
eree in bankruptcy, 1225 Grand Rapids
National Bank building, Grand Rapids.
Nov. 27. Involuntary petition has been
filed in the matter of Ernest A. Prange,
3ankrupt No. 4684. An order to file
schedules has been made and upon re-
ceipt of same the list of creditors will be
typed. The bankrupt is a resident of
Grand Rapids. The order of reference
and adjudication has been received.
Nov. 27. We have received the sched-
ules, order of reference and adjudication
in the matter of Delma C. Hardy, Bank-
rupt No. 4722. The bankrupt is a resi-
dent of Grand Rapids, and his occupation
is that of a laborer. The schedules show

 
    
   
    

 
    
   
     
 

fruit and vegetable line.

Winning arguments may be a
lot of satisfaction. But it doesn’t
keep the cash register ringing!

When you feature DEL MONTE
Foods, there is no argument.

People know DEL MONTE—
have confidence in DEL MONTE
—have given it a preference
equaled by no other canned

7

no assets, with liabilities of $726.25. The
court has written for funds and upon
receipt of same the first meeting of cred-
itors will be called.

In the matter of Albert Wells, individ-
ually and as a copartner of Babbitt,
Reigler & Co., Bankrupt No. 4627, the
matter of the administration of the part-
nership assets has been assumed by the
non-adjudicated partner and the matter
has been closed and returned to the dis-
trict court, as a case without assets.

ee

His Part.
“You mean to say you were not at

your own daughter’s wedding? Where
were you?” “I was looking for a job

for the groom.”

 
  

  
 
 

In other words, people are buying DEL
MonvtrE—and buying it in preference to
other brands. And it’s certain that they’re
not buying in your store, if your store
doesn’t carry Det Monre.

Of course, you’re not deliberately let-
ting this business go past your door. You

naturally want to get all the canned food

as Det Monte?

over

 

 

COFFEE —

business it is possible to get. Then can
you afford to overlook a line as popular

Why not give this brand a chance to

show you what it can do — to increase

your voulme—to speed up turn-

and to bring you all the

canned food business you ought
to be getting?

& OTHER FOOD PRODUCTS

 

8

HUNT FOR SUNKEN TREASURE

The first hunt for sunken treasure is
not recorded. It must have been made
long before the start of the fruitless
searches for the treasure of the Span-
ish galleons sunk by Sir Francis
Drake. ‘Since the beginning of those
searches history tells of innumerable
efforts to redeem the ‘bullion known to
have been stored in the holds of vessels
sunk at sea. Is one of these romantic
undertakings about to be crowned with
the success of which so many treasure
hunters have dreamed in vain? The
work of the divers in opening the
bullion room of the liner Egypt, sunk
off Ushant in 1922 with $5,000,000 in
gold in her hold, makes this a pos-
sibility.

With a persistence and a patience
which deserve the highest reward, the
Genoese divers of the Artiglio II have
been pursuing their treasure hunt. ‘Two
seasons of careful search, in the course
of which their first vessel was lost and
had to be replaced, finally resulted in
locating the sunken Egypt. But this
only meant the beginning of new
troubles, as, encased in their giant
shells, the divers worked seventy
fathoms under water to clear a way
to the vessel’s bullion room. Their
operations have been constantly inter-
rupted by storms which forced their
salvage vessel ‘back to port, but each
time they have returned with un-
impaired confidence,

Getting the explosive charges in
position to clear away the upper decks
has been the most delicate operation
the divers have had to face. One story
is told of frantic efforts to place such
a bomb which lasted more than four
hours. When everyone concerned,
especially the diver four hundred feet
beneath the surface, was about ex-
hausted, success at last seemed to have
been won. The diver came up and
final contacts were made for a.
plosion. But nothing happened. The
current had broken
electric wire.

Not withstanding all these disap-
pointments, it is now believed that the
way to the bullion room is almost
clear. The actual raising of the treas-
ure is expected to begin soon and
arrangements for its transference to
the Bank of England thave actually
been made. We hope that no further
difficulties will develop. All the world
loves a treasure hunt and every fol-
lower of the Artiglio’s venture will
have a thrill if the sea is finally made
to yield the treasure for almost ten
years locked in the sunken Egypt's
hold.

the connecting

csiems maancemtaea
TAXATION PROPOSALS.

In meeting proposals for sales taxes
of one kind or another, the taxation
committee of the National Retail Dry
Goods Association has not been satis-
fied merely to attack such levies, but
has offered a, constructive program for
dealing with the whole situation. Its
suggestions, from all reports, have at-
tracted considerable attention and
agreement as well.

There are four proposals all told:
Government retrenchment, funding of
the deficits, adoption of surtaxes, in-
heritance and gift taxes to meet losses
in the fiscal year ended June, 1933, and
vigorous opposition of a general retail
sales tax or luxury taxes.

 

 

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

The argument of the committee for
a funding of the deficits for the last
and the present fiscal year, amounting
to approximately $2,500,000,000, em-
phasizes that from 1920 to 1930 the re-
tirement of public debt beyond legal
sinking fund requirements has amount-
ed to $3,459,000,000.

“Nothing could be more unfair,” the
committee points out, “than to have
“exacted from itaxpayers so much of an
addition to their legal burden as this
extra requirement of the public debt
has entailed, and then, in addition, to
require them to liquidate, by taxes
which they would pay this year and
next year, the deficits of 1931 and 1932
under existing business conditions.”

In attacking the sales tax the com-
mittee assails taxation which is not
based upon ability to pay and tthe in-
crease in the cost of living which
would be suffered by those least able
to stand it. It is pointed out that con-
sumer demand would be affected and
that the tax is based on volume and
not on profit, is troublesome to ad-
minister and represents class legisla-
tion,

In other than retail circles it is felt
that funding of the Government deficit
probably will take the shape of a short-
term issue, a five-year issue and higher
income, gift and inheritance taxes,
each in about equal proportion to make
up a three-billion-dollar total.

 

MONTH’S RESULTS POOR.

Earlier hopes that the upturn in
wheat, oil and silver might mean the
turning point in commodity prices and
usher in business recovery were dis-
couraged by later developments and
the month just closed has again added
little to economic improvement. ‘The
commodity movement has become
mixed, with declines predominating
last week. The weekly business index,
due to drops in car loadings and steel
activity, has fallen to a new low.

Failure of the lighter industries to
maintain their gains was noted during
the month and accepted as a major de-
velopment, since these lines have gen-
erally led the way out of depression.
Apparently, the producers of consum-
ers’ goods can progress only so far
without the aid of increased activity in
the basic industries.

In their survey of business condi-
tions, the purchasing agents report an
improved sentiment. At the same
time, their operations beyond imme-
diate needs are not being carried out
except in the Central States and in
Canada. Inventories may be holding
up business which would be placed
otherwise and actual evidence of more
liberal buying waits on the turn of the
year.

The principal news of a favorable
character comes from labor sources,
which report that unemployment in
November has increased no more than
usual for this season. The same con-
dition was found in October, so that
for two months the rise in unemploy-
ment has been checked.

Affecting the immediate future in a
pronounced way are negotiations on
the German reparations and debt prob-
lem and the opening of Congress. The
solution of the former and evidence
that unsound legislation is not in pros-
pect would improve the business out-

look greatly, according to most ob-
servers,

 

 

STATEHOOD FOR CITIES?

The suggestion of ‘Statehood for
large cities, in order to forestall in-
creasing rivalries ‘between the cities
and rural areas as to which shall
govern, has again been offered. It was
made at the National Conference on
Government in Buffalo last week by
Professor Charles E. Merriam of the
University of ‘Chicago.

William P. Lovett, secretary of the
Detroit Citizens League, pointed out
in this connection that the early con-
ceptions of our Government, National
state and local, were such as fitted bet-
ter a rural than an urban population.
He said that the urban-rural conflict
in government reflected “underlying
political, financial, social and even
moral issues which seem to become
more tense each year.”

All this is old straw which has been
threshed over and over again. The
beginnings of this conflict can be traced
back to the early days of the Nation.

New York and Chicago have admit-
tedly suffered the most from such a
conflict, so it is not surprising that
Statehood has been proposed for them.
Rural counties have dominated both.
The respective legislatures, controlled
by members from country districts,
have not only withheld from them
privileges which they sought but have
imposed disciplinary measures “for
their own good.”

Although ‘Chicago has threatened a
time or two to “secede” from Illinois
and hence to force the legislators at
Springfield to find substitutes from
rural areas for the huge volume of
state taxes levied in tthe metropolis, it
has been only a threat. But even such
gestures may ‘be significant as warn-
ings that, unless the conflict between
urban and rural areas is replaced by
co-operation and understanding, this
vague suggestion of Statehood for
cities may some day become a definite
possibility.

 

PRODUCTION PROBLEMS.

Excessive distribution costs warrant
even more study than they are receiv-
ing from many producers toward the
end that they may be reduced. At the
same time ‘the rather general notion
that production problems have been
solved, leaving only distribution to be
considered, can be seriously questioned.

Wide variations exist not only be-
tween the values offered by different
industries but also between products
in the same category. Thus, the auto-
mobile from a value standpoint far
outranks, dollar for dollar, many other
items, and yet even in this line there
is considerable divergence between the
values offered.

Value has been defined as the com-
bination of quality and price. It can
be applied equally as well to the
cheaper articles as to the highest
priced items, but it has been very often
confused as meaning only a so-called
high-grade product selling for a low
price. A low-priced product may repre-
sent an excellent value when the ma-
terials and design have been carefully
selected for their purpose and the
proper workmanship added to com-
plete a worthy article.

Forty-eighth Anniversary

As between the products of differ-
ent industries, it is curious to see a
man’s custom-made suit selling for
almost half the price of an automobile
when consideration is given to the
number of materials and processes in-
volved in each case.

Distribution offers its difficulties,
but production, it would seem, has still
a number of its own to solve.

 

TARIFF COMMISSION RESULTS

Appointment of a new chairman for
the Tariff ‘Commission brought the
work of this body to attention last
week. Naturally enough, it would
take such a change to attract notice,
since its recommendations for the most
part have had little importance. They
have fallen far below the high prom-
ises held forth by President Hoover
when he finally decided to sign the
extreme tariff bill which proved so up-
setting to international trade and do-
mestic business,

There is this to be said, however,
about the task accomplished by Henry
P. Fletcher, the chairman who has re-
signed. The commission concerned
itself with minor products and rates
for the most part, but it averaged al-
most three investigations a month for
the fourteen months of his administra-
tion as against an average of nearly
two years for each investigation under
the former regime. ‘In addition, there
were eleven surveys completed and
twenty-eight petitions dismissed.

Outstanding in the weaknesses of
the commission as at present constitut-
ed, in the opinion of foreign trade au-
thorities, is the failure to deal with any
but minor rate adjustments. As long
as the political character of the body
persists little hope is entertained of
deriving real value from the organiza-
tion,

Instead of such trivial results ob-
tained at great expense, perhaps there
might be substantial benefit from
basing our tariff rates on the percent-
age of imports to domestic production
and moving these rates up or down at
regular intervals to correspond with
the changes.

 

DRY GOODS CONDITIONS.

Following the holiday, many stores
launched clearance sales of women’s
apparel which are said to have attract-
ed good response. From various sec-
tions of the country mail and telegraph
orders are quite numerous, testifying
to the demand brought along by colder
weather.

Failure of the community welfare
campaigns and other charity drives. to
make their quotas will prolong such
activities and continue to affect retail
business. However, the combination
of both seasonal business and holiday
volume in the next few weeks should
raise December figures. ‘The stores
are making great efforts to prepare
special January values,

Few features are to be found in the
wholesale merchandise markets, which
are now passing through the usual
holiday lull. Price pressure on Janu-
ary sale merchandise is pronounced
and is expected to grow even more
severe if retail volume does not im-
prove materially in the next few weeks.
On regular lines for early Spring sell-
ing there is a distinct tendency toward
later openings.

   

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

9

 

OUT AROUND.

 

Things Seen and Heard on a Week
End Trip.

It seems like a long span of time
from 1883 to 1931, but the years have
glided along so pleasantly and profit-
ably that I can hardly realize forty-
eight annual birthdays have been the
lot of the Tradesman since the first
issue was sent out for the inspection
and criticism of the mercantile public.
As I look back over the career of the
Tradesman, replete with joy and sor-
row, accomplishment and disappoint-
ment, I cannot help feeling that the
experience has been a remarkable one
in many respects and that the funda-
mental causes which led to the estab-
lishment of the publication have been
more than justified by the value the
Tradesman: has been to its patrons and
the assistance it has rendered in plac-
ing both wholesale and retail mer-
chandise transactions on a safe, sub-
stantial and profitable basis.

 

Owing to the business depression
this anniversary edition is about 10
per cent. smaller in size than any of its
predecessors for twenty-four years, but
I think we have amply compensated
our readers for the reduced size by
the high character and comprehensive
scope of the contents. Both our reg-
ular and occasional contributors have
responded nobly to the calls made on
them for this edition. Our heartfelt
thanks are due for their effort to make
this issue the best birthday edition
ever put out by the Tradesman. Two
years hence, when we issue our half
century anniversary edition, I hope to
be able to present an exhaustive review
of all the various lines of business the
Tradesman has attempted to cover,
but in the meantime I feel it is not
out of place to review the growth of
our present grocery department—that
is, the pages devoted to reporting
trading prices, demand and _ supply
fluctuations and news of all foodstuffs.
Suffice it to say that for forty-eight
years we have been able to secure the
services of specialists in these fields,
gathering straggling bits of information
and gossip and weaving them into such
form as make a fabric of inestimable
value to any merchant who aims to
trade on live marketing conditions.

 

Time has radically changed the re-
quirements of such a department. The
day of bulk goods, boxes and barrels
and scales and scoops and bags is past.
In their place have come the carton,
the can, the bottle and the pantry box.
No longer are the products sold mere
“commodities’—all more or less mat-
ters of grade and individual judgment
in selection—but they have taken on
personality through the magic of ad-
vertising and have become familiar to
the trade and consumer on reputations
of their own.

Old-fashioned merchandising — or
“trading’—is less to be noted in the
food trades to-day than in the days
of old. System and order and classi-
fication have come into being through
natural evolution of necessity, and a

progressive growth of ethics in the
minds and hearts of the grocers has
brought into play not only hundreds of
enrolled laws to protect fair trade,
but thousands of unwritten laws which
confer harmony and co-operation in
the observance, but friction and ani-
mosity in the breach.

 

How great the effect of the Federal
and State pure food laws has been can
be better imagined than described.
They were sadly needed a generation
before they came into being, for, in
the stress of competition men had for-
gotten that it was not mere ‘“mer-
chandise” they were selling but “hu-
man food”. The awakening brought a
revolution in almost an instant and
added new ideals to the commercial
morality of the grocery trade.

 

The demands of service have also
created marvelous changes in the ex-
actions placed: on the grocer; in fact,
on everyone having to do with food
from start to finish. One who delves
very deeply and honestly into the
analysis of the “high cost of living”
generally comes to realize that it is
more “the cost of high living” and that
mere “food” is a comparatively minor
factor in making up the grocer’s bill.

 

The two merchants at Cook’s Cor-
ners, one mile West of Belding, have
rallied from the failure of the Belding
bank and. believe their trading center
will be greatly benefited by the exten-
sion of cement pavement on M 44 all
the. way from Belding to U §S 131.
Six miles of cement was completed
during the past summer—from 131 to
Bostwick lake—and men are now at
work widening the roadway prepara-
tory to extending the hard pavement.

 

Two traveling men recently happen-
ed in on a merchant located in a thriv-
ing village not much over a dozen
miles from Grand Rapids. While the
merchant was busy waiting on cus-
tomers the salesmen fraternized in the
rear of the store, regaling each other
with hard luck stories incident to the
business depression. About an hour
after the two travelers met the mer-
chant announced that he would have
to be excused, as it was his lunch
hour. The merchant had orders for
both salesmen on his want book, but
they said nothing about orders and the
merchant wended his way homeward.
On his return to the store, an hour
later, he found the salesmen had de-
parted, so he mailed the orders into the
houses which employed the men who
were too busy talking bad business to
ask for orders. The merchant has been
laughing up his sleeve ever since.

 

It strikes me as a little singular that
there is no one now engaged in busi-
ness in Grand Rapids who was actively
engaged in trade when I started the
Tradesman, forty-eight years ago.
Wilder D. Stevens was the last one
to go who was active to the end. He
was called by the Death Angel four
years ago. Last Saturday I was in
Reed City, where I clerked in a store
during 1872 and 1873. I could not

find any adult in the town who was
there when I left the village, fifty-
seven years ago. I have driven an
automobile twenty-five years and have
never met or witnessed a serious acci-
dent. I have had three parked auto-
mobiles smashed up by reckless driv-
ers, but no passenger in my car has
ever received so much as a scratch
while I was driving. I cannot help
feeling that this is a record to which
few people can lay claim.

Speaking of Reed City, reminds me
of a threatened calamity which now
hangs over that town because of the
reluctance of a few people to sign up
with the great majority and agree to
the opening of the bank through plac-
ing a voluntary embargo on the with-
drawal of the deposits for a _ short
period. If the bank is permitted to
resume business every depositor will
ultimately receive 100 cents on a dol-
lar. If it is permitted to go into liqui-
dation depositors will probably receive
about 60 cents on a dollar two or more
years hence. The people who are hold-
ing out are acting on the false sup-
position that in the event of resump-
tion they can slip in and withdraw
their deposits, while the other depos-
itors hold the bag. Of course, this
cannot be, because the powers that be
at Washington will not consent to the
re-opening of the bank unless every
one does his part. The action of the
protestors is an exhibition of greed
and human selfishness which I am ex-
ceedingly sorry to see.

 

A municipality is sometimes a dif-
ficult proposition to do business with.
Wha? Because municipalities aré not
often conducted by business men, but
by cheap politicians, whose actions are
dictated ‘by political expediency. A
Grand Rapids man recently purchased
a $3,000 lot in the new cemetery on
Kalamazoo avenue on which to erect
a private family mausoleum. Two
conditions were held out to induce him
to purchase. The mausoleum was to
be surrounded by conifers in a manner
satisfactory to the purchaser and the
native trees in the rear of his lot were
to remain uncut until the space they
covered was needed for cemetery pur-
poses. It required five years for the
purchaser to obtain even a gesture
toward the planting of conifers, due
to a change in the manager of ceme-
teries, and last Sunday he learned that
the fine grove of native trees had been
cut down and converted into firewood
on the order of the city manager and
in spite of the protest of the cemetery
manager. The space thus rendered
desolate and unattractive will probably
not be used for cemetery purposes for
many years yet. The city has resorted
to bad faith, which is a very usual
thing for municipal politicians to do,
besides ruthlessly destroying sturdy
trees which can never be replaced.

 

I am not one who believes that the
revolutionery changes which have
taken place during the past forty-eight
years are all bad, but there are some
manifestations which I cannot help
but deplore. Among the condi-

tions which do not tend to the bet-
terment of our people are the follow-
ing:

The streets of our cities, once reas-
onably secure from crimes of violence,
have now become the field of opera-
tions for the footpad and highway-
man. The days of Dick Turpin and
Jack Shepherd have returned, with this
serious difference—that the Turpins
and Shepherds of our day are not de-
pendent upon the horse, but have the
powerful automobile and the ever
ready aeroplane to facilitate their
crimes and make sure their escape.

 

Human life is governed by all man-
ner of man-made laws—laws of rt,
of social intercourse, of literature,
music, business—all evolved by custom
and imposed by the collective will of
society. Here we find the same revolt
against tradition and authority. In
music, its fundamental canons have
been thrown aside and discord has
been substituted for harmony as its
ideal. Its culmination—jazz—is a mus-
ical crime.

 

In the plastic arts, all the laws of
form and the criteria of beauty have
been swept aside by the futurists,
cubists, vorticists, tactilists and other
aesthetic Bolsheviki.

 

In poetry, where beauty of rhythm,
melody of sound, and nobility of
thought were once regarded as the
true tests, we now have the exaltation
of the grotesque and brutal; and hun-
dreds of poets are feebly echoing the
“barbaric yawp” of Walt Whitman,
without the redeeming merit of his
occasional sublimity of thought.

 

The encroachments of the Govern-
ment on the domain of business have
wrecked nearly every branch of human
endeavor the Government has under-
taken to interfere with.

The war to end war only ended in
unprecedented hatred between nation
and nation, class and class and man
and man. Victors and vanquished are
involved in common ruin. And if
in this deluge, which has submerged
the world, there is a Mount Ararat,
upon which the ark of a truer and
better peace can find refuge, it has not
yet appeared above the troubled sur-
face of the waters.

 

 

The unprecedented aversion to work,
when work is most needed to recon-
struct the foundations of prosperity, is
one of the most deporable signs of
decay. This excessive thirst for pieas-
ure preceded, accompanied and _ has
followed the most terrible tragedy in
the annals of mankind. The true spirit
of work seems to have vanished from
millions of men; that spirit of which
Shakespeare made his Orlando speak
when he said of his true servant,
Adam:

O, good old man! how well in thee ap-
pears

The constant service of the antique world,

When ate sweat for duty. not for
meed.

 

The morale of our industrial civiliza-
(Continued to page 22)

 

   

Seas Phat pS

———————————— eR

       
       
     
      
    
    
    
 

10

FINANCIAL

Improved Business Conditions All
Over Michigan.
‘Substantial improvement in Michi-
gan industrial activity is expected be-
fore the year end, The next few
weeks should also witness a quicken-
ing of retail demand throughout the
country because of the impetus given

by Christmas purchases.

 

Since many of the indices repre-
representing business in Michigan and
in the United States have recently de-
clined to new low levels. The results
of the next few weeks in industry and
trade will be watched with more than
casual interest, Likewise, the con-
vening of (Congress on Dec. 7 will have
added significance this year.

Industrial production as reported by
the Federal Reserve Board stood at 74
per cent. of the average which prevail-
ed in the period 1923-1925, the lowest
level reached since February, 1922.
This compares with 76 per cent. in
September and with 87 per cent. a
year ago,

‘Wholesale commodity prices as re-
ported by the Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics were 68.4 per cent. of the 1926
level, having declined on Oct. 15 a
little more than 1 per cent. from the
Sept, 15 level. On Oct, 15, 1930, this
index stood at 82.6. The decline since
that date amounts to 17 per cent. The
retail prices of food in the United
States, paralleling the decline in
wholesale prices, have dropped 17%
per cent, from the Oct. 15, 1930 level.
The decrease in Detroit retail food
prices in the same period amounted to
19 per cent. ;

In this connection, it is interesting
to note that the Bureau of Labor
Statistics index of wholesale prices of
automobiles stood at 99.7 per cent.
(1926—100) in October, 1931, which
compares with 100.2 per cent, for
October, 1930. Because of reduced in-
comes and lower prices of many other
types of consumer goods, such as food,
rent, clothing and the like, it is pos-
sible that the 1932 automobile models
will be priced somewhat lower than
those introduced a year ago.

Building activity has declined fur-
ther in recent weeks. The Federal
Reserve Board ‘Index of ‘Building Con-
tracts awarded (1923-25—100) which
is adjusted for seasonal variation, now
stands at 55 per cent. which compares
with 59 per cent. for ‘September and
with 78 per cent, in October, 1930.
The October level is the lowest point
this index has reached since June,
1921. dn February, 1921, the index
stood at 43 per cent. and in June, 1928,
at 138 per cent. of the 1923-1925 aver-
age level,

Freight car loadings during October
showed the normal seasonal increase
over September, but were about 20
per cent, below the October, 1930,
level. Department store sales actually
showed more than the estimated sea-
sonal gain. The Federal Reserve Board
Index which makes allowance both for
number of business days and for usual
seasonal changes, was 86 per cent.
(1923-25—100) in October, compared
with 84 in September. According to
Federal Reserve Board estimates, the
dollar volume of department store
sales in the period January 1 to

MICHIGAN

October 31 averaged 10 per cent. less
than in the same period of 1930, In
view of the price changes noted above,
it would appear that actual purchases
were greater in the first ten months of
1931 than in the same months of 1930.
Stocks. of merchandise on department
store shelves average about 12 per
cent, below stocks of a year ago,

In the financial markets, the strength
apparent in the earlier weeks of
November has disappeared. Stock
prices are approaching, and in some
cases are lower than their October 5
levels, and bonds, particularly rail
issues, have also shown weakness.
Prevailing rates on short term funds
have shown little change during the
past month, but are above the levels
of a year ago. The yield on United
States Treasury bonds on November
21 was computed as 3.67 per cent.
which compares with 3.81 a month ago
and 3.32 a year ago.

‘Federal Reserve Bank credit out-
standing as of November 21, 1931,
amounted to 1,995 million, an increase
of 976 million from November 22, 1930.
This compares closely with the 984
million increase of money in circula-
tion during the year ended Nov. 21,
1931.

That industrial activity in Michigan,
particularly in the Southeastern part
of the State, will show definite im-
provement during the next month is
quite widely believed. Only four of
twelve reports received from ibankers
and other business leaders in this
area, exclusive of Detroit, indicate un-
changed conditions over the period of
the next month. In Flint, a substan-
tial increase is already in evidence, In
Detroit, the industrial tempo is also
more rapid. Employment has increas-
ed in the principal automobile manu-
facturing centers, namely, Detroit,
Flint, Saginaw and Jackson, and fur-
ther reductions in the unemployed to-
tals are expected with the beginning
of 1932 model output. One of the
suggested reasons why manufacturers
of automobiles have not commenced
operations on their new models at an
earlier date is a desire ito provide all
possible employment during the severe
winter months. In the ‘final analysis,
the cost of unemployment relief in au-
tomobile manufacturing centers is
largely borne by the industry through
higher taxes. They may well delay out-
put until well into December.

Ten of the twelve reports received
also indicate probable improvement in
retail trade in the immediate future. At
Flint, ‘Saginaw and Lansing, the pres-
ent status of retail trade is better than
it was in November, 1930.

Farming conditions were reported
good in six of the nine Southeastern
Michigan communities from which
questionnaires were returned. Har-
vest of the sugar beet crop in the
Saginaw Valley area is about com-
pleted and the results have been rela-
tively satisfactory. The crop was
good and the price fair. The bean
crop, on the other hand, has been be-
low normal and prices are low.

Industrial activity in Southwestern
Michigan is also expected to increase
during the next month in a number of
centers from which reports have been
received. The paper industry, center-
ed at Kalamazoo, increased the number

TRADESMAN

employed by nearly 5 per cent. during
October and operations are expected to
continue at that level until mid/Decem-
ber at least. At Grand ‘Rapids, manu-
facturing activity, employment, and
retail trade are expected to show still
further improvement over that report-
ed last month, At Ionia, work on new

Forty-eighth Anniversary

reformatory buildings is giving em-
ployment to a number of people.
Farming conditions are reported
good at Allegan, (Charlotte and Niles.
The absence of a general killing frost
in most farming sections of the Lower

 

 

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WILLIAM N. SENF, Secretary-Treasurer

 

 

     
    
    
  
 
    
   
   
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
    
  
   
  
    
  
  
   
    
    
    
     
   
   
     
    
    
    
    
   
    
     
     
   
   
   
   
 
     

 

 

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

Peninsula until late in October has
permitted many crops to reach a nor-
mal maturity despite dry conditions
earlier in the summer. ‘Good rains in
September also added materially to
crop tonnage.

Despite low farm prices, retail trade
in Northern Michigan is expected to
show a substantial seasonal improve-
ment in coming weeks. Such manu-
facturing activity as is carried on in
this section of the ‘State is well under
1930 levels of output and the outlook
for the final weeks of this year is not
favorable. Building activity is nearly
at a standstill,

Marquette and Menominee are two
bright spots in the Upper Peninsula
business picture. Industrial output is
expected to increase during the next
month in each of these cities. At Sault
Ste. Marie and Ishpeming, some im-
provement in the building situation is
in evidence. Shipments of freight
through the locks at Sault Ste. Marie
during the period from April to
October totalled 41,000,000 tons this
year, compared with 67,000,000 tons in
the same period of 1930. Good Christ-
mas trade is expected in such cities as
Houghton, Iron Mountain, Ironwood,
Marquette and Menominee.

Ralph E, Badger, Vice/President,

(Carl F. Behrens, Economist,
Union Guardian Trust Co.
———_>+2>——_

Six Hour Day on Railroads Impossible
It is doubtful if the plan announced
last week by the railway labor unions
was put forth with the expectation
that it could in its entirety receive
favorable consideration at this time.
Every maor proposal made by them
for immediate changes would involve,
if it were accepted, an increased burden
for railroads. ‘Some of the general
features unquestionably are worthy of
careful thought from the point of view
of ultimate reforms, but at a time when
many of the roads are having great
difficulty meeting their present obliga-
tions it is inconceivable that they
would be kindly disposed to any plan
which would enhance their troubles.
‘The leaders of the railroad labor
unions, of course, are fully cognizant
of this. The recognize perhaps as
clearly as the railroad managers that
it is essential for our carriers to
strengthen themselves financially and
that this would not be accomplished
by increasing expenditures. Neverthe-
less, it is doubtless true, also, that the
labor chiefs are of the opinion that the
roads have not made the proper pro-
visions for protecting labor and that
it is worth while at every opportunity
to bring this belief before the public.
The present program of labor is
easier to understand if it is divided
into two parts. First, are the sugges-
tions for bringing immediate relief, of
which the most outstanding is the pro-
posal that $1,000,000,000 be spent for
the elimination of grade crossings, one-
half to be paid by the Government and
the rest by the railroads. The entire
amount, according to the plan, would
be raised by a Government bond issue
and the roads would pay their portion
over a period of fifty years by means
of a sinking fund.
Second of the suggestions for caus-
ing immediate improvement is that a
six-hour day should be put into effect

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 11

on the roads. Of course this reduc-
tion in hours is not to be accompanied
by a decrease in wages.

Among the proposals designed to
bring more ultimate reforms there are
three worthy of note: (1) establish-
ment of a “labor pool’ to minimize
seasonal unemployment, (2) creation
of a National placement bureau for
railway employes and (3) provision of
a Federal system of accident and sick-
ness compensation and retirement in-
surance,

The proposal to float a billion dollar
bond issue and the suggestion that a
six hour day be adopted are out of the
question. As stated above the present
position of the roads is such that
neither of these should be considered.

On the other hand, that portion of
the general program devoted to means
for long-term betterment of the posi-
tion of railway employes is deserving
of careful study. This is not, it should
be obvious, because they are railway
employes but because the whole eco-
nomic organization is strengthened by
any sound method for lessening the
employment risks of labor.

Ralph West Robey.
[Copyrighted, 1931.]
—_+++____

Public Utility Companies,

During the past few weeks a great
deal of discussion has been going on
regarding public utility companies. In
the next session of Congress it is ex-
pected that this group of companies
will be subject to revisions and in-
vestigation. The securities of the pub-
lic utility companies in the last six
months have shown a drastic decline
of prices in both the bonds and stocks,
and it seems to be an opportune time
to make a careful study of any public
utility investment as it is apparent
that some of the holding company’s
earnings have been seriously affected
due to a general decline in gross earn-
ings of their operating properties
which consequently leaves the margin
of earnings very small for the holding
company’s securities.

The statistical force of the ‘Chicago
Journal of Commerce has developed a
formula for the studying of Public
Utility bonds. They have divided the
problem into seven points. Each point
is really composed of several others.
The points tto ‘tbe considered are:
Stability of earnings, the financial
yardstick, fair value of property, ser-
vice, management, mortgage restric-
tions, and future earnings trend. A
sound bond is a safe bond. A safe
bond can be measured in two classes;
absolute and relative safety. Abso-
lute means payment of interest with no
risk to the loaner. Investment return
consists of two things: ‘first, safety,
and second, payment for risk, or as it
is sometimes called, insurance. If a
bond yields 6 per cent., 4% per cent.
of this income can be attributed to
safety, and 114 per cent. to insurance.
A general rule is “The higher the risk,
the higher the yield.” A public utility
enterprise is entitled to interest on
capital employed plus 10 per cent. of
sales. Figuring interest at 6 per cent.,
adding 10 per cent. for sales which
represents one-fifth of capital employ-
ed which is average, this allows 8 per
cent. as fair return. This is the figure

(Continued on page 23)

 

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ADNAN ich Raf Se ss Migbaatet Sees

12

RETAIL GROCER

Retail Grocers and Meat Dealers Associa-
tion of Michigan.
President—William Schultz, Ann Arbor.
First Vice-President—Paul Schmidt,
Lansing.
Second Vice-President—A. Bathke, Pe-

toskey.
Secretary — Herman Hanson, Grand
Rapids.
Treasurer—O. H. Bailey, Sr., Lansing.
Directors — Ole Peterson, Muskegon;

Walter Loefler, Saginaw; John Lurie,
Detroit; Clayton F. Spaulding, Battle
Creek; Ward Newman, Pontiac.

 

Stock Turn Continues To Count in
Grocery Trade.

Our ancient friend ‘Supply and De-
mand again shows he’s holding his old-
time vigor. ‘The mere suspicion that
the wheat crop of Russia or another
important producer is going to be
short sends American prices sky-
rocketing, regardless of Farm Board
reserve stocks,

‘Did our hayseed “statesmen”—
Brookhart, LaFollette, ‘Nye, et al—
really need to be shown in this kinder-
garten lesson that our penny ante of
half a billion dollars could not be ef-
fective? I wonder. For just lately
Brookhart said of some proposal to
protect some manufacturers that such
procedure would be a “subsidy.” Is it
really true, then, that he cannot see
this in connection with “farm protec-
tion?”

At any rate, here is anew the time
honored demonstration that prices re-
spond to demand and need. It would
be a wonderful gain if we could learn
that lesson permanently and be ready
to advance to the next higher grade in
the school of practical economics; but
our memories are short.

How we forget ‘finds illustration in
the present disposition to under rate
“turnover’—more properly stockturn,
because what we have in mind is the
turn of stock. Carl Dipman, than
whom there is perhaps no more prac-
tical, no saner observer, lately said that
last studies showed that grocers had
made certain profits and that regard-
less of turnover or words to that effect,

But let us take note of these plain
facts:

That grocers are to-day in a position
exactly the reverse of where they
stood in the depression of 1921, Then

they had shelves laden with goods’

bought at boom prices and they missed
profits because they could not bring
themselves to take inventory losses.
Their business was stagnant because
they could not sell at what they aver-
red were honest prices.

The doctrine of rapid stock turn
then found every grocer an eagerly at-
tentive listener and, human-like, he
veered clear over to the other extreme.
He cut stocks ruthlessly. He went so
far in that process that wholesale gro-
cers lost money handling his trifling
orders.

That process, carried through the in-
tervening ten years, has resulted in
bare stock rooms, shelves scantily
filled and correspondingly increased
bank rolls. But a most vital element
has run concurrently—a steadily de-
clining market. Thus the grocer has
made liberal profits the past few
years, because he has not followed the
market down exactly, but he has not
held it up too high, either, because he
has bought consistently from hand to
mouth,

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

This condition has brought a dis-
regard for stock turn and the study
how to make each dollar do its best
work, the reason being that stock turn
has been automatic; also because when
men have money in the bank, they use
it with scant regard of the question
whether it is used to best advantage.
When money making is easy, all of us
are less careful than when we have to
think hard to turn an honest penny.

Two serious disadvantages have ac-
crued, ‘Grocers have curtailed not
only the quantity of their stock, but—
much more serious—they have curtail-
ed their assortment.

Second, grocers are now jess atten-
tive to costs and the bottom of general
markets is not far away. When we
strike bottom, margins will be gradu-
ally curtailed until they pinch. Then
only the grocer who has been wakeful
to stock turn, to careful buying, to
keeping balanced stock and who has
intrenched himself with his trade by
intelligent specializing will sit pretty.
The ones who have become easy going
of late will have the ancient lesson to
learn all over again—and it always is
a costly, depressing lesson.

Indications that disregard of stock
turn is dangerous come from many
directions to-day. We find that deals
again are being severely criticized.
Why? ‘Because grocers with money in
the bank again have fallen for the lure
thereof, Just last week I learned of
three experiences among San Fran-
cisco grocers which are in point. I
plan to write full details as soon as I
have them,

But the main point I can say now is
this: That had these ‘Western grocers
been as conscious of the element of
stock turn as they were eight years
ago, these deals could not have been
put over on them.

‘The thought to have in mind is that
one must not be satisfied to have his
dollars make him money. He must
seek out ways to make each dollar
make the most money possible. Let
him do this in times when he has
choice. Let him work this way when
he has the option to do that or some-
thing else, for the time comes when
choice is restricted, when options ex-
pire, when we find we must operate
within limits vastly more limited than
now.

And when times thus change, the
men who have not let up on their
careful thinking and planning; who
have declined to take things easily as
they came—they are the boys who will
continue to make money. ‘The care-
less ones will run around in a circle as
per usual, probably crying that some-
body or something is unfair again,

And whenever we cry unfair, we are
more than apt to rush for some new
legislation. Then we get the ear of a
politician, eager for votes; and if by
chance we get the law we think we
want, we find it costs money to ad-
minister and likely enough to it also
curtails our own liberty.

For example, last August, in Lon-
don, I clipped an item headed “Tea
Profits: Food ‘Council on Bigger Mar-
gins by Grocers. A report issued
yesterday by the Food Council sug-
gests that grocers are taking much
larger profits on tea. In 1925 the dif-

Bp Arhanes OR SOA A TET AE LTE RTE iN SH: soe Raine steak pe BO Rese ID

ference between average wholesale and
retail prices was 6.9d per pound (about
13.8c); this year ‘the difference is 10.2d
(just over 20c). The council is not pre-
pared to say whether unfair profits are
being made by any section of the
trade. It confines itself to recording
facts and adds that the conclusion
which definitely emerges is that mar-
gins have widened considerably in re-
cent years,”

Inasmuch as we constantly tend
toward government regulation, I am
reminded of what Lord Macaulay
wrote in 1830. A portion of his essay
on Southey’s Colloquies on Society
has recently been widely quoted in our
various papers to show how the de-
pression of a hundred years ago look-
ed 'to the folks contemporary there-

Forty-eighth Anniversary

with; but the following is not quoted:
“Nothing is so galling to a people
not broken in from birth as a paternal,
or, in other words, a meddling govern-
ment, a government which tells them
what to read, and say, and eat, and
drink and wear. Our fathers could
not bear it two hundred years ago and
we are not more patient than they.”
Less than sixty years before Macau-
lay wrote, America had thrown off a
meddling government in London.
Have we forgotten—or are we for-
getting—that fact? Let us beware; for
we are rapidly drifting into a condi-
tion of submission to a meddling gov-
ernment in Washington whose con-
trol will be more galling than what
our forefathers declined to submit to
from London. Paul Findlay.

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

MEAT DEALER

Michigan State Association of Retail
Meat Merchants.
President—Frank Cornell, Grand Rapids
Vice-Pres.—E P, Abbott, Flint.
Secretary—BE. J. La Rose, Detroit.
Treasurer—Pius Goedecke, Detroit.
Next meeting will be held in Grand
Rapids, date not decided.

 

Good Management Forestalls Failure.

Fifty-seven thousand, two hundred
and eighty men were bankrupt last
year. ‘Failures have been showing a
marked increase each year, and no
doubt this year will shop an even
greater number of business delinquents,
This is a particularly distressing situa-
tion, in view of the fact that over
seventy-five per cent. of these failures
should have been avoided by applying
simple principles of management which
hhave been established for many years.

According to Professor Douglas, of
the Yale Law School, who has made
an extensive study of ‘bankruptcies,
there were six outstanding reasons for
the failures of these business men. He
listed the reasons in the order of their
importance, as follows:

1. Failure to keep proper books of
account,

2. ‘Negligence
keeping facts.

3. Diverting funds from the busi-
ness for speculation, or for extrava-
gant living,

4. Giving too much credit.

5. Accepting too much credit,

6. Errors in judgment,

In the pilot ‘house of a modern
steamship you will find every possible
contrivance to enable the navigator to
pilot his ship through any danger. Even
periodical reports are received indicat-
ing the weather conditions which may
‘be encountered. Any business man
who expects to be successful must like-
wise have similar indicators to advise
him of danger. To hope for success
without them is to court financial dis-
aster. He not only owes this to him-
self, but also to any inactive partici-
pants in the business, and to creditors
who have sold him their products for
which they expect to receive payment.
Accordingly, the ‘first stepping stone
to a successful business is an adequate
book-keeping and cost-control system.
It seems inexcusable for any man to
fail because he neglected to keep the
proper records,

The mere installation of a system
does not in itself solve the problem,
because the second major cause of
bankruptcy is failure to recognize con-
ditions revealed by book-keeping facts.
The number of business men who are
unable to “read” a balance sheet is
astounding. It is not unusual to meet
men who can see no value in a balance
sheet—which to a banker is of para-
mount importance in determining the
financial position of a prospective bor-
rower,

A balance sheet, however, does not
tell the complete story to the operator,
inasmuch as results only, not causes,
are shown. In order to find the rea-
son for a low return on investment,
one must ascertain one’s costs, then
determine why these costs are higher
than they should be. The latter can
best be accomplished by comparison.

The third cause of failure—diversion
of funds—came to the front in a very
forcible manner during the stock mar-
ket slumps. Otherwise capable execu-

in applying book-

tives failed, committed suicide, or were
thrown into the hands of receivers, ‘be-
cause they attempted to increase
profits with easy money obtained by
employing business funds in specula-
tive ventures. It is a criminal offense
for a banker to divert funds for specu-
lation, but the law cannot protect a
man from his own shortcomings. Any
man who is unwise enough to tie up
his quick assets in any enterprise of a
speculative nature is literally flirting
with financial death—and frequently
disgrace to himself and this family. A
man may be prosperous in his own par-
ticular field of endeavor, because he

thas devoted years of thought and effort

to its development, but when he at-
tempts to forecast ‘the future of stocks,
real estate, oil wells, or similar ven-
tures—using funds which rightfully
belong to his business—he is assuming
the functions of specialists in fields en-
tirely unfamiliar to him.

Credit is one of the fundamental
bases upon which a business is oper-
ated. If is also listed as the fourth
and fifth principal causes of failure.
The acceptance of too much credit is
an invitation to trouble. When com-
petition is keen, credit policies tend
to become more elastic. The prospec-
tive purchaser is urged to buy on
credit. Gradually his liabilities assume
Overgrown proportions, and suddenly
he is forced into involuntary bank-
ruptcy. The elasticity of credit has its
limits. There are a number who have
failed during the last year due entirely
to the fact that they accepted too gen-
erously the credit extended for pur-
poses of expansion, or for the purchase
of expensive equipment not altogether
necessary. Frequently these same
men will give credit lavishly, and as
a result, they wake up some fine day
to find themselves “strapped.”

The best course for an executive to
follow is to make a study of his bal-
ance sheet, and assume no liabilities
which endanger his financial position.
He should keep posted on the percent-
age his credit business bears to net
sales, and thave the “nerve” to cut a
customer off when his balance becomes
too large. How many times men have
been advised to discontinue selling to
a customer whose ability or willing-
ness, to pay looked doubtful, and how
many times have they continued to
carry the doubtful account for six
months or a year, and then been com-
pelled to charge the entire debt off at
a total loss.

There is no absolute guarantee
against errors in judgment, but a care-
ful consideration of the facts that are
always available will at least minimize
the danger of erroneous judgment. It
is always wise to discuss important
matters with some: disinterested third
party who is familiar with the problem
to be met.

There is no excuse for a man’s fail-
ing to take advantage of facts present-
ed to him by his accountant, Yet there
stands the record of men who have
been compelled to give up the struggle,
in the past few months, due in a large
measure to that kind of negligence—
they would not believe the story told
by their own figures. The principal
difficulty with the average business
man is that he cannot realize that costs

revealed by his cost system are more

than figures—they are facts—facts
which are trying to tell him, months in
advance, if he is nearing a danger point
which may mean destruction.
Archie T. Downie.
oo
Charge Proposed For Calling For
Returns.

‘Charging 25 cents for sending deliv-
ery wagons after return merchandise
is a move being considered by an out-
lying ‘Chicago merchant as a means of
decreasing returns. He feels that the
charge is absolutely justified because
of the expense entailed not only on the
part of the delivery department but
others in the store in handling returned
goods. The attitude of other stores
toward the plan and their co-operation
is the debatable point in this proposi-
tion.

——_>--
‘Success is easiest when others quit.

 

Wonderful Flavor
JENNINGS
PURE VANILLA

Jennings Flavoring Extract Co.
Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

   
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13
Timely Advice,
Stop and let the train go by—
It hardly takes a minute.
Your car starts out again intact,
And, better still, you’re in it!
@FRIGIDAIRE 9
P RS
ODUCT OF GENERAL MOTO
WITH
FAMOUS
COLD
CONTROL
AND
HYDRATOR
All
Models
on Display
at
Showroom
18 E. Fulton Si. Phone 93249

 

 

 

 

Corduroy Tires

Known from the Canadian Border to the Guif—and from New
York Harbor to the Golden Gate—the Corduroy Tire has in ten
years gained a reputation for value, for superlative performance
and dependability that is second to none!

The Corduroy Dealer organization dots the nation’s map in
metropolis and hamlet.
allegiance to the Corduroy Tire because of long years of unfail-
ing tire satisfaction to the motorists of the country.

Go to your Corduroy Dealer today. Ask to see the tire. Big—
Sturdy—Handsome in all its strength and toughness, the Cor-
duroy Tire will sell itself to you strictly on its merit.

CORDUROY TIRE CO.
Grand Rapids, Mich.

It is an organization that swears

 

VINKEMULDER COMPANY
Grand Rapids, Michigan
BRANCH AT PETOSKEY, MICH.
Distributors Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

Cranberries, Grapefruit, “Yellow Kid” Bananas, Oranges,
Onions, Fresh Green Vegetables, etc.

 

 

Kohan aan Man anh harnon Konther Leni eS

Rusk Bakers Since 1888

 

Leading Grocers always have
a supply of

POSTMA’S RUSK

as they are in Demand in all Seasons
Fresh Daily

POSTMA BISCUIT CO.

GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGAN

 

 

 

GRIDDLES _

7 N. IONIA AVE.

 

BUN STEAMERS _
Everything in Restaurant Equipment

Priced Right.

Grand Rapids Store Fixture Co.
Phone 67143

URNS

N. FREEMAN, Mer.

 

 

   

GRAND RAPIDS PAPER Box Co.

Manufacturers of SET UP and FOLDING PAPER BOXES

SPECIAL DIE CUTTING AND MOUNTING

G R A N D

  

RA PI

DBS, Mi iI

C HIGAN

 

 

 

14

HARDWARE

Michigan Retail Hardware Association.
President—Waldo Bruske, Saginaw.
Vice-Pres.—Chas. H. Sutton, Howell.
Secretary—Harold W. Bervig.
Treasurer—William Moore, Detroit.

 

Featuring Practical Gifts For the
Christmas Trade.

While the hardware store handles a
good many gift lines that are largely
in the ornamental or luxury class, it
always benefits by any trend toward
the giving of practical or useful gifts.
The reason is not far to seek. The
hardware stock is largely comprised
of articles which, with a gift “slant”
combine the element of practical
utility,

Added to this, many gift lines in the
hardware stock which were until a few
years ago in the merely practical clas-
sification now combine the practical
and the ornamental. The highly
decorative kitchen ranges and similar
appliances put on the market in recent
years are examples of this.

This is a year when Christmas gifts,
to meet popular approval, must feature
the practical, The price element, too,
will probably be a considerable factor.
There will be, of course, individual
customers who will buy regardless of
price and not merely accept but de-
mand the more ornamental lines; but
a trend toward the practical in gifts
may reasonably be expected.

Hence, it will pay the average dealer
to stress this feature of his gift lines
to a greater extent, perhaps, than he
has done in recent years.

The hardware store has, year by
year, been catering more and more to
the gift trade. In so doing, it has
ceased to be purely a man’s store and
has reached out for feminine trade.

The hardware stock throughout is
intensely practical. ‘There is very
little of the purely ornamental. Cut
glass, brass goods, silverware, have
their aesthetic and artistic aspects; yet
even these lines have a large measure
of practical value not evident in goods
offered by some merchants for the
Christmas trade. But even in featur-
ing such lines as cut glass and brass
goods, it is desirable, this year, to
stress the fact that these goods in
most cases are useful as well as orna-
mental.

In general, it will pay the dealer to
emphasize the useful in his gift lines.
“Buy useful gifts,” is a good slogan
for the hardware dealer this Christmas,

The general tendency toward more
_ practical gifts is illustrated by an ex-
perience some years ago. ‘The mer-
chant concerned was not a hardware
dealer, but a man engaged in the sale
of china and whose stock included a
great deal of what practical, hard-
headed men are apt to call bric-a-brac.
A young man came in looking for a
wedding present,

The merchant started to show some
of his fancy stuff—china shepherdess-
es, and the like. The young man cut
short the selling process:

“See here,” he said, “this stuff isn’t
what I want. I’d like to see something
that’s some use to a newly married
couple. Say, an outfit of kitchen uten-
sils, in aluminum. How much?”

The outfit cost him $17.50 but he
paid it readily; where the merchant
had anticipated a $5 sale.

Gecosinabsnditaensiietintne iceman dimaretaaetecetadeneneanantiapaiannetteenetcsoaniimcenenneeteat

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

That tendency toward the useful in
gifts while not so strong perhaps in
more recent years has been once more
accentuated by recent developments
in the business world. People who
spend want value for their money—
value in the practical, every day sense.

Now, how is the dealer to approach
his public in a “useful gifts” drive. For
one thing, he should himself get a
new slant, and try to give his cus-
tomers a new slant, on the gift aspects
of the hardware stock.

I know a certain housewife whose
bane is washday. Some years ago she
had an electric washer, but it has for
years been out of commission. She
does her own washing over the tub.
Her husband will probably buy her
for Christmas something highly orna-
mental and quite expensive. Yet the
one gift she would appreciate would
be an up to date washing machine; if
only because it would save her an im-
mense amount of labor every Monday
throughout the year for years to come.

“A washing machine for a 'Christ-
mas present!” the sentimentalist ex-
claims. “Shocking!” But ask the wife.
In other words, in your pre+Christmas
advertising take a little space to stress
the welcome the overworked house-
wife would give to such a labor-saving
Christmas present.

In most homes there is a marked
inadequacy of efficient kitchen utensils.
Most housewives, day in and day out,
do their work laboriously with insuffi-
cient equipment. I am not talking
about the rare homes of the very rich,
but the every day homes or the com-
mon people of whom Lincoln said,
“God must have loved.the common
people or he wouldn’t have made so
many of them.” Kitchen work in most
of such homes is drudgery because the
housewives haven’t anything in the
way of labor-saving equipment except
the more rudimentary devices.

In your Christmas advertising, take
another little block of space to suggest
the usefulness of a complete outfit of
kitchen utensils as a Christmas gift.
The idea is worth suggesting, and
ought to bring some business.

‘As a matter of fact, sons and daugh-
ters in particular are buying such
things for their mothers much more
extensively than they did years ago.

A kitchen range isn’t regarded as a
gift article, not because it isn’t suitable,
but because the public hasn’t been edu-
cated to its gift possibilities. It is for
the hardware dealer to see the gift
slant and to bring it home to his pub-
lic by newspaper advertising, window
display and personal suggestion.

I recall another incident where the
aesthetic and the practical were oddly
combined in a rather unusual Christ-
mas gift—just because a hardware
dealer saw the possibilities. Two
young men lived on a farm with their
mother, who was growing old. They
came to town looking for a !Christmas
gift for her and. were. attracted by a
handsome parlor lamp in the hard-
ware dealer’s window. ‘One thought
mother would like it; the other son
declared it would only make her more
discontented with the bare and un-
attractive living room, =a

The ‘hardware dealer asked ques-
tions. ‘s.

“It 4s ‘a.nice lamp,” conceded the

dubious son, “but it would just serve
to show up that gloomy old room.”

“See here,” said the hardware dealer,
‘T’ve an idea. Why can’t you brighten
up that gloomy old room to match the
lamp? Tell me all about it, boys, and
I’ll see what we can do.”

The boys returned home with a mys-
terious load in their wagon. They
cajoled the old lady into going to the
city for a few days’ visit to her sister.
When she came back, just before
Christmas, the old room, brightened
up with wall tint, floor stain, varnish
and the like was brilliantly illumined
by the wonderful parlor lamp.

Yet few people would think of
brightening up a room for mother as
Christmas gift—just because they
aren’t educated to the gift possibilities
of certain commonplace, every day
lines of the hardware stock, ‘None the
less, there are hosts of women who
long for more attractive surroundings;
and hosts of well-meaning givers who
go to the jewelry store and the china
shop for pretty vases which only make
the homes more unattractive by con-
trast. When they might better spend
a few dollars in the hardware dealer’s
paint stock, spend a few hours on the
room, and brighten up the home
itself,

The dealer will, of course, feature
his regular gift ‘lines. ‘These should
not be neglected. The vast majority
of these ‘lines are eminently practical
and useful; and will pay for pushing.
Many of them are highly ornamental
and very attractive from an aesthetic
standpoint.

But while not neglecting these lines,
it will be worth while, in your Christ-
mas publicity, to bring out strongly
the unsuspected gift aspects of regular
hardware lines—and as a preliminary
to so doing, take a look at the hard-
ware stock yourself and see if it hasn’t
possibilities which you have never
suspected,

One reason why every day articles
of stock are not pushed as gifts is per-
haps that to most dealers they are
mere commonplace, They are in the
store, in plain sight, every day. To
the dealer, a gift is something that has
to ‘be ordered specially for the Christ-
mas trade, and that becomes unsea-
sonable immediately the Christmas
holiday is past.

There is a good sale for such purely
Christmas lines. They must not be
neglected. At the same time it will
pay the dealer to study his stock very

Forty-eighth Anniversary

closely and to investigate the gift pos-
sibilities of every day lines for which
there is a demand in many instances
all the year round.

In making up your list of possible
gifts for mother, sister, father, brother,
daughter, etc., include such lines, It
will help make sales, and will do a
great deal to educate your public.

Victor Lauriston.
—_++>—__—_
Group Meetings Prove Most Success-
ful.

Lansing, Dec. 1—Attendance at the
group meetings has been most encour-
aging. The afternoon and evening
meetings at Lansing, Grand Rapids
and Kalamazoo, tried as an experi-
ment, indicated an interest in more in-
tensive sessions, which may result in
an extension in that type of meeting
for next year.

‘Seventy members sent in names of
five or more prospective exhibitors.
That’s real co-operation. If you did
not mail your list, just jot down and
mail the names of five firms whose
goods you would like to see at the con-
vention. You will receive a 95 page
book, “Retail Hardware Sales Letters.”
Exhibit space is selling well and you
are assured of a good show.

‘A iblack pall settled over me when I
heard of the death of Lynn Gee, of
Whitehall. Friends meet and part—
sometimes to meet again in this world
—sometimes only in the world to come,
I was casually acquainted with Lynn
Gee for several years but only learned
to know him well last April, and in the
short time since, conceived an affec-
tion for him like that of a brother.
His keen intellect, his habit of swift
decision, his broad minded outlook on
life, his aggressive and progressive
leadership, endeared him to everyone.
His vital forces were high—perhaps he
attempted too much—lI’ve known him
to work at high tension twenty hours
without stopping. ‘That brave spirit
is gone—that good friend has left us.
Peace be with him,

Harold W. Bervig,
Sec’y ‘Mich. Retail Hardware Ass’n.
—_>~>—___

See Glass Output Tapering Off.

November has been a good month
for window glass producers and it is
to ‘be expected that production, toward
the end of the year, will gradually
taper off. Dealers are planning to
have as little stock on hand as possible
while taking inventory, but this being
an unusual year, it is doubtful whether
the approaching weeks will see as
great a decline as was customary in
former years. Of great interest to the
flat glass trade at the present time is
the activity of the President’s commit-
tee on home building and home owner-
ship which is scheduled to meet in
Washington from Dec, 2 to 5,

 

 

Michigan Hardware Co.

100-108 Ellsworth Ave., Corner Oakes
GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN

BH

Wholesalers of Shelf Hardware, Sporting
Goods and

FISHING TACKLE

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

DRY GOODS

Michigan Retail Dry Goods Association.
ao T. Milliken, Traverse

ity.
Vice-President—George C. Pratt, Grand
Rapids.

Secretary-Treasurer—Thomas Pitketh-
ly, Flint.
Manager—Jason E. Hammond, Lansing.

 

Beware of Professional Shoplifters.
_ Lansing, Dec. 1—The district meet-
ing at Jackson was well attended.
Sixty-seven persons, at least fifty of
them merchants and their executives,
were present. The debate by Messrs.
Lynch and Kline, of Flint, on the sub-
ject of the proposed ‘Michigan retail
sales tax was energetically put across
by these two gentlemen. Mr. Lynch
spoke in favor of the bill and Mr. Kline
in opposition. The ibest of attention
was given and at the close of the de-
bate Mr. Pitkethly asked for an ex-
pression from the persons present re-
garding the best presentation of the
subject by the debaters. About forty-
nine persons raised their hands. Thirty-
two of them gave preference to Mr.
Lynch and seventeen to Mr, Kline.

The subject of the sales tax will be
a live question for the next year or
two and our members are urged to
give it attention and careful study. The
members of the Legislature and also
the members of ‘Congress will be ask-
ing you for your advice and your
opinion, We will do our best at this
office to provide our members with
addresses on this subject, both for and
against the principle of the tax on re-
tail sales. Recent decisions of the
United ‘States Supreme Court sustain
tax on chain stores. Careful study and
attention should be given to these de-
cisions.

On account of the distance from his
home, our President, Jas. T. Milliken,
was not present. ‘His place was ably
taken by Vice4dPresident George C.
Pratt, of the Herpolsheimer ‘Co., of
Grand Rapids. ‘Charley Boyd’s talk
on “Some Recent Merchants Prob-
lems,’ and the address by Hiram ‘C.
Blackman, Vice-President of one of
the Jackson banks, were very interest-
ing and instructive. The Jackson
meeting was declared by those who
have attended meetings of this kind to
be one of the best district meetings
ever held by our Association. The
local stores gave the best of support,
for which we extend thanks.

The next convention will be held at
the Hotel Olds at Lansing on Thurs-
day and Friday, April 14 and 15. A
program committee will soon be select-
ed and a bulletin and questionnaire
sent to our members asking for sug-
gestions regarding the preparation of
the program and the topics to be pre-
sented.

The Jensen Dry Goods Co., of Big

-Rapids, sent out the following letter
to merchants and police officers of
surrounding towns. We gave further
publicity at our Jackson district meet-
ing.
“We have had professional shop-
lifters, On Nov. 11 two men and a
woman were in our store and they
acted rather suspicious, but we watch-
ed them closely and did not think they
took anything. To-day we find two
dresses gone. A traveling salesman to
whom we described the people told us
that in his opinion they were profes-
sional shoplifters. ‘We can describe
them as follows:

“The woman—quite tall and stout,
weight probably 175 pounds. Dark
complexion, wearing green coat with
black fur.

“One man—tall and slender, not so
dark complexion—very polite—wear-
ing overcoat.

“One man—very small, very dark
complexion, looked like a Mexican.
Wearing leather coat.”

Jason E. Hammond,
Mer. Mich. Retail Dry Goods Ass'n.
—— >>
When business is bad, constant talk-

ing about it is worse.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Limit Sterling Silver Orders.

Orders for sterling silverware fell
off in the wholesale markets this week
as buyers lost their fears of an im-
pending advance in manufacturers’
prices and restricted purchases to im-
mediate requirements, Recent declines
in the price of silver bullion, the buy-
ers point out, removed the handicap
under which manufacturers of flat and
hollow silverware were laboring as re-
cently as ten days ago. (Consumer de-
mand for sterling silver products con-
tinues at an active level with low price
goods suitable for holiday use in ex-
cellent demand. Purchase of holiday
gift items, however, is below expecta-
tions.

———_> >

Increase Wall Paper Schedules.

A sudden rush of orders for low
and medium price wall papers forced
an increase in production schedules
this week. Three of the large volume
factories started double shifts of work-
ers yesterday and will continue at that
rate until the middle of January. The
increaseed production is hecessary to
keep pace with orders already on hand,
executives said. Other factories have
stepped up their output to normal
schedules also as the result of addi-
tional business. By the end. of January,
it was pointed out, heavy buying for
late Spring business should enable all
plants to continue on a full time basis
for an extended period.

———-> +>
Clothing Linen Orders Delayed.

Summer clothing manufacturers are
refusing to anticipate to any degree on
their linen requirements, because re-
tail stores, burdened with fairly heavy
Fall suit stocks, are showing very
little interest in Spring and Summer
goods. As retailers will be occupied
during the remainder of the year and
January with special promotions and
clearance sales, it was thought that
orders for linen clothing will be delay-
ed until February. Importers believe
however, that a large business will be
done on linens and only regret that
purchases are being held off.

a
No Test Yet of Holiday Trade.

Reports indicate that the experiment
of opening toy and gift departments
about two to three weeks earlier than
usual has produced only indifferent re-
sults. ‘Retailers are prone, however, to
place the blame for the unsatisfactory
trade, not on economic conditions, but
on the abnormal temperatures which
have prevailed. ‘They assert that no
real test has yet been afforded of con-
sumer response. Exploitation of gar-
ments will continue up to a late date,
in order to make up for lost volume in
this field.

——_-o + -o—___-

Fine Goods Stocks Held Down.

Despite the fact that buying of fine
goods is practically at a standstill, the
stringent curtailment program of most
mills is keeping stocks on a sound
basis, the Berkshire Fine ‘Spinning As-
sociates, Inc., report Buying interest
is totally lacking in goods, it is said,
with only a few broadcloths, lawns
and voiles moving and these on a very
small scale. Rayon-filled twills are
the styles active in the rayon division.
Prices on the whole manage to remain
fairly steady, although bids offered by
buyers are below the market level.

dur Glearance Sal

Iristmes and
Winter Merchandise

Begins Monday, Dec. 7, 1931, and Will
Continue During December Until Every-

thing Is Sold

Anticipating the usual Fall business, we

bought complete stocks of Christmas

goods and Fall and Winter merchandise,

a large part of which we still have because

of the warm Fall and business conditions

generally.

Space here is not sufficient to quote

specific prices on items but we can assure

you that if you will visit us during

December any time after Dec. 7th, you

will be well repaid for coming.

There is plenty of parking space either in

front or in garage two doors North of us.

Because we are putting in new lines of

merchandise not carried by us before,

We are determined to clean up everything

by inventory on January Ist, 1932, and

will make low prices accordingly.

(.d. Farley & GOMpany

20-28 COMMERCE AVE., S. W.

GRAND RAPIDS

15

 

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16

HOTEL DEPARTMENT

News and Gossip Concerning Michi-
gan Landlords.

Los Angeles, Nov. 28—A letter from
William Brooks, manager of Hotel
Embassy, San Diego, conveys the in-
formation that “Uncle Louie’ Winter-
nitz, from Michigan and about every
other place I ever heard of, is com-
fortably situated at ‘his hotel, and also
the further knowledge that the guests
of the hotel read and enjoy the Michi-
gan Tradesman, including the hotel
page. Mr. Brooks advises me that Mr.
Miller, manager and owner of the
Macatawa Park ‘Hotel, accompanied by
his niece are with him, as well as Miss
Mary E. Cox, Jack Gleason and H.
Schmidt, Grand Rapids. One of these
days I am going to hike down to San
Diego, take a survey of Uncle Louie
and also give Mr. Brooks hotel the
‘once-over.

 

 

Not particularly for the purpose of

keeping myself out of mischief I still
believe in circulating around and see-
ing something. ‘So, now that Will
Rogers has gone over to Moratorium,
or some other place, to settle the war
proposition, I have been doing a little
ambassadorial work at home. The
other evening I went to a meeting of
the (China ‘Club, over on the East side,
and found about twenty-five Chinese
and five times that number of friends
of China in the assemblage. Most of
the friends of China were folks who
had lived in China at one time or other,
or had business connections there and
had become fond of the ‘Chinese people
although others had become interested
in (China through Los Angeles’ 'China-
town. The secretary and general man-
ager of the Club is Mrs. Kam Machido,
a ‘Chinese girl who has grown up here
and never has seen China. She is un-
usually well-read and listens eagerly
while Americans who have traveled
much, particularly in the Orient, re-
late their experiences. Mrs. Machido’s
husband is a Japanese, consequently in
these days I presume their is a sort of
armistice in operation in the domestic
circle. Some time ago I spoke of the
ownership of most ‘Chinese restaurants
being in the hands of Japanese. The
‘Chinese are regarded as the most pro-
ficient cooks, are scrupulously neat in
their habits, but have not the business
acumen displayed ‘by the Japanese,
who are typical salesmen.
-Over in the Japanese quarter—
“Little Nippon’—I noticed a lunch
counter—a sort of midget replica of a
drug store affair, with revolving stools
—which was so pretty with its flowers
and dainty night shades that I stepped
in for a closer view, which disclosed
the fact that the patrons were mostly
eating with chopsticks. Americans
familiar with the Orient tell me that
the (Chinese are more awkward with
knife and fork than the average Ameri-
can is with chopsticks. But from my
own observation, on this particular
occasion J would say it would be im-
possible,

Seth E, Frymire has taken over the
management of Hotel Detroiter, De-
troit, and ‘I am sure the Knott organ-

ization, which controls the property, -

will get along nicely with him and
know that he is carded for a wonderful
hotel career. I have known Seth for
a long time, and he is pure gold. He
started in at the old Griswold House,
as a bellboy, away back in 1902, and
finally became manager of same, re-
signing in 1918 to become manager of
Hotel Fort Shelby. When the new
Hotel ‘Barlum was opened he went
over to it to take charge and last

Spring he took over the Addison. I

guess Seth Frymire knows everybody,
and once forming an acquaintance
means a perpetual friendship. I should
say that the Knott Corporation had
made a find. The Detroiter is what
was originally known as the Savoy—
afterward the LaSalle, but with the

sth . ina Ameren get

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

accession of the Knott interests be-
came the Detroiter. It is one of the
important caravansarys of Detroit.

 

They are bothering their heads in
Chicago about the number of hotels in
operation in that city, ‘The census
taker credited them with 604, but the
city directors comes to the front with
a list of 1,115. The Government comes
to the front with an alibi to the effect
that the hotels were changing hands so
rapidly that they couldn’t secure an ac-
curate check-up. ‘Anyhow, there are
enough of them to go around.

 

A while ago the restaurant operators
of Detroit induced the city council to
frame an ordinance increasing fees for
operating restaurants from $1 to $100
each, thinking to eliminate a lot of the
so-called “dumps” in that city. The
corporation counsel after studying the
situation carefully declared it unen-
forceable in that the instrument as it
now stands, is so vaguely worded that
it will not stand the acid test of the
judiciary, Then there is the drug store
that has to be considered. I very much
doubt if any sort of legislation—except
possibly through the health department
—can improve the situation. The
whole trouble seems to lie in the fact
that ‘business depression and the con-
sequent unemployment, has cut down
the number of restaurant patrons
everywhere. The drug store, also, has
been cutting into this channel as well.
I guess the drug store has a perfect
right to sell food: but I am very much
of the notion that the health depart-
ment would intervene if it were known
that the cafes were dispensing Paris
green and “rough on rats.”

Colonial Hall Hotel, in Detroit, a
167 room institution, erected in 1923,
has been taken over by ‘Charles F.
Brown, for the Brown-Thompson Cor-
poration of that city. The Detroit Ho-
tel owners association, organized some
time ago, operated it until recently.

 

‘Thousands of free meals are being
dispensed by the restaurant owners of
Los Angeles. Every day a lot of them
set aside certain hours for this service,
and much good is being done. If Los
Angeles could be protected from the
influx of aliens—estimated at 2,000
daily arrivals—there would be very
little suffering which could not be al-
leviated.. The state authorities find
that this class of visitors are hastened
along by the officials of other states,
through the supplying of free gasoline,
etc., but now propose to abate the evil
by establishing rock piles to be oper-
ated by such as may apply for food.
Seems tough, but apparently there is
no other way of keeping folks away
from Southern !California,

 

Following the announcement that
the Grand Hotel, at ‘Mackinac Island,
had passed into the hands of a receiver,
comes another to the effect that Hotel
Top-in-a-Bee, on (Mullet Lake, well
known for many years, will be sold at
public auction by order of the court.
This 54 room institution had a won-
derful reputation a few years ago, but
I presume depression has had much to
do with the non-success of a lot of
resort ‘hotels.

 

One rift in the clouds is the an-
nouncement that Hotel Olds, Lansing,
has paid its usual dividend to its stock-
holders, this in addition to regular
payments on its mortgage indebted-
ness. Good stuff.

 

Carl Quigley, former manager of
Hotel Carpenter, Sioux Falls, |S. ‘D.,
will be the manager of Ishpeming’s
new hotel, the Mather Inn, which I
understand is scheduled to be opened
Jan. 15.

 

‘Harry Johnson, manager of one of
the units of Brennan, ‘Fitzgerald &
Sinks Detroit chain of restaurants, has

   

been elected to the board of directors
of the Detroit Caterers’ Association.

 

‘Someone sent Frank Bering, general
manager of :Hotel ‘Sherman, ‘Chicago,
an old door key, which he claims he
carried away during the World’s Fair

 

New Hotel Elliott
STURGIS, MICH.
50 Baths 50 Running Water
European
D. J. GEROW, Prop.

 

 

NEW BURDICK

KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN
In the Very Heart of the City
Fire f Construction
The only New Hotel in the city.

presenting
a $1,000,000 Investment.
250 a with Private

Buropean $1.50 and up per Day.
RESTAURANT AND GRILL—
Cafeteria, ee Service, Popular

ces.

Entire Seventh Floor Devoted to
Especially Equipped Sample Rooms
WALTER J. HODGES,
Pres. and Gen. Mor.

 

 

J
Occidental Hotel
FIRE PROOF
CENTRALLY LOCATED
Rates $2.00 and up
ED\WART R. SWETT, Mor.
Muskegon ot Michigan

 

 

Columbia Hotel
KALAMAZOO
Good Place To Tie To

 

 

“We ave always mindful of
our responsibility to the pub-
lic and are in full apprecia-
tion of the esteem its generous
patronage implies.”

HOTEL ROWE
Grand Rapids, Michigan.
ERNEST W. NBIR, Manager.

 

 

Park Place Hotel
Traverse City
Rates Reasonable—Service Superb
—Location Admirable.

GEO. ANDERSON, Mor.
ALBERT J. ROKOS, Ass’t Mor.

|

In
Kalamazoo
It’s the
PARK-AMERICAN

 

-Charles Renner, Manager
W. D. Sanders, Asst Mer.

 

 

Hotel and Restaurant
Equipment
H. Leonard & Sons

38-44 Fulton St. W.
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

 

The
Pantlind Hotel

The center of Social
and Business Activi-
ties in Grand Rapids.

Strictly modern and
fire- proof. Dining,
Cafeteria and Buffet
Lunch Rooms in con-
nection.

750 rooms — Rates
$2.50 and up with
bath.

 

 

 

 

 

6

YOU ARE CORDIALLY
invited to visit the Beauti-
ful New Hotel at the old
location made famous by
Eighty Years of Hostelry
Service in Grand Rapids.

 

400 Rooms—400 Baths

Menus in English

MORTON HOTEL
ARTHUR A. FROST

Manager

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

year in 1893, mentioning in the letter
that in those days “the Sherman
House was a moderate sized hotel with
breakfasts at 20 cents and rooms pro-

portionately low.’ How about it,
Frank? [ thought I had treasured up

a pretty accurate knowledge of the
vicissitudes, or sompin’, of 'Chicago
hotels, and I never knew the Sherman
when it wasn’t at the top of the heap
and going strong. And those 20 cent
breakfasts. Excuse me if [ have in-
cipient heart trouble.

New freezing methods have entirely
changed the aspect of the ice cream
business—that is in its manufacture. A
great many of the ice cream companies
do not make their ice cream, to be
exact. They merely buy the “mix”
from the dairies or other concerns and
just do the freezing. They no longer
use the big freezers. They merely stir
it up and chill it, and it pours out
through spouts into containers. Most-
ly paper containers with moisture
proof linings, and then the containers
are hurried away to real refrigeration.
After once being frozen by electricity
and kept so there is no change what-
ever in the quality. It is simply won-
derful to contemplate just what has
been accomplished by so-called iceless
refrigeration. A few years ago fishing
was a game for poor foreigners. Now
some of the fishing outfits cost up into
the hundreds of thousands, and have
refrigeration equipment which makes
it possible to freeze fish immediately
after catching them, and they can be
served in interior cities just as fresh as
in Los Angeles. In most cases, how-
ever, only the filets are frozen, and
everything else goes into the making
of fertilizer,

 

Book dealers: When books on eti-
quette and anti-fat pills become your
best sellers, reduce your stocks of
either.

 

Mayor Walker, of New York, has
come all the way to California to ask
Governor Rolph to grant a pardon to
Tom Mooney. Anyone with the sense
of a sparrow knows that the only in-
terest the Gotham mayor has in
Mooney, is that it may help him with
the labor voters of his town, but we
all give our Governor credit with hav-
ing the intestines to ward off such an
attack. The Preparedness Day bomb-
er has had more opportunities for ap-
peal than any California outlaw, but
one only has to refresh his mind with
the details of the infamous crime, to
eliminate all feeling of sympathy, es-
pecially in the face of the latest move
to release him by the boycotting
process,

 

Uncle Sam is now so fully equipped
with system that he can supply you at
a moment’s notice with treatises on
every known subject from raising hum-
ming birds to the treatment of bunions,
but when it comes to economical gov-
ernment he is up a stump.

 

It is estimated that only 17 per cent.
of those who attend football games
really know what the ball is for. The
rest find it another suggestion of a way
to disburse funds. Depression? ‘Well,
no.

 

Hotel organizations throughout the
country spend much money and a
great deal of energy in securing con-
ventions for their particular locality.
There has been much argument over
the possibility that this effort was far
from fraught with satisfactory finan-
cial results and now comes a positive
statement to the effect that, so far as
hotels are concerned, over a period of
ten years, this class of business has
really amounted to less than two per
cent, of the gross receipts by the vari-
ous hotels for that period. Hardly
worth working for when you consider
that in a great many instances regular
guests are inconvenienced and many
of them permanently lost as patrons

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

just for the sake of accommodating
this fly-by-night class of business. It
is always disappointing. [ have in
mind that during the last season Los
Angeles entertained two major Na-
tional conventions. In both instances
preparations were made for entertain-
ing six times as many attendants as
really came, and hundreds of regular
guests were inconvenienced and, one
might say, lost forever as patrons. Just
how much money a guest spends at
convention time is almost a matter of
conjecture, and will probably never be
satisfactorily approximated. It is even
more elusive than the ‘Santa Claus type
of statistics. ‘Some conventions will
be made up of the “whoopee” type and
only the bootlegger will be cognizant
to any great degree of the prodigality
of the visitors. The ‘St. Andrews So-
ciety and some of the religious organ-
izations will go to the other extremes.
The ordinary tradesman will keep no
account of his transactions, and the
hotel man even will have some diffi-
culty in separating the sheep from the
goats and—. Well, what difference
does it may anyhow?

One of our local medical scientists
who is a regular radio broadcaster, in
speaking of vitamines, makes the
claim that skimmed milk contains a
certain element which jis essential to
human health and which is eliminated
from cream and by the processes of
making butter. As a consequence
evaporated milk is much better for
general use than real cream—if there
is such an article. Some years ago I
well remember having a controversy
with the secretary of the American
Association of Milk Canners, through
the columns of the Tradesman, in
which they really unhorsed me, At no
time did I ever claim there was any-
thing delaterious in evaporated milk,
but I contended that public feeding
places serving same instead of real
cream, should so advise the public. I
still contend this course should be ad-
hered to, but am granting that I have
since made an investigation and find
that the evaporated article has all the
constituents of cream and one or two
other virtues, according to the scien-
tist mentioned.

 

It must be very convenient to be a
tobacco trust. ‘When your bank ac-
count gets low all you have to do is to
add a few pennies to the price charged
for cigarettes and zowie—there you
have a few millions to spend for
‘Christmas. ‘The growth of cigarette
smoking is one of the wonders of the
twentieth century. Quite likely it is
because a very Jarge element of the
human family failed to discover any
use for fingers except for dyeing pur-
poses,

An interesting history of Detroit’s
hotel activities for the past fifty years,
has developed the fact that while in the
80s she had accommodations for less
than 1,000 guests, she to-day has a
capacity of 30,000 rooms counting
first-class, transient and_ residential
hotels only. No phase of Detroit’s
commercial life has reported any
greater progress than the hotel field.
The city’s only first-class hotels in
1880 were the Biddle House, accom-
modating 400, the Michigan Exchange
with rooms for 335 and the Russell
House with 235.

Packing houses are said to be sup-
plying certain institutions and a few
special dealers with certain choice cuts
of meats, put up in natty packages
ready for the individual consumer.
This system is bound to be universally
adopted with the perfecting of refrig-
eration. However, all consumers will
not favor this departure. There will
always be the element who will want
to paw over everything when they are
marketing for liver, or sumpin’, but the
trend is toward the individual package
in most lines, and why not in meat
products?

President Hoover wants more home
building. I cannot agree with his pro-
nounced ideas on the subject. There
are a few of the good, old-fashioned
type of home Jovers left—very few of
them. There used to be a time when
there was some sentimental reference
to “home and fireside,” but that was
when a woman’s function was to run
an establishment of this kind and—
raise a family. Nowadays the woman
has been “emancipated.” ‘She has her
children banked away in an incubator,
or some similar contraption, has her
club duties to perform and a home is
just a perfunctory proposition. When
the children grow up, the domesticity
is usually transferred to an apartment
building, or a regular hotel, and that’s
that. If President Hoover will nose
around a little he will find a very large
percentage of the good, old-fashioned
homes carded for sale, and the less
pretentious ones loaded down with a
mortgage given to obtain money for
the purchase of an automobile. Real
estate men tell me the poorest prop-
erty they handle, and the one least de-
sired ‘by investors is the small resi-
dence, cottage or bungalow, and here
in Los Angeles there are certainly
thousands of them vacant.

Frank '§. Verbeck.

 

Fennville— Mr. and Mrs. Frank
Stevens are settled in their Hotel
Stevens and are about ready to serve
the public. The dining room has been
remodeled to take care of a restaurant
and short-order business.

 

Owosso—Ray H. Reynolds, man-
ager of the Hotel Owosso, since it was
opened two years ago, has resigned,
effective Jan. 1. An operating com-
mittee, consisting of H. K, White, Jr.,
Jay ‘M. Terbush, George C. Carruthers
and Fred Larkin, the latter of Flint,
and all members of the board of di-
rectors, has -been named tto succeed
Mr. Reynolds. The change was made
as an economy measure, due to busi-
ness conditions.

——_> >.
Spring Style Show on Jan. 18.
The Spring show of the Garment
Retailers of America will be held on
Jan. 18 in the grand ballroom of the
Waldorf-Astoria, New York (City. The
event is being staged several days later
than is usually the case in accord with
the tendency of garment manufactur-
ers to delay their showings for the new
season. Despite economic conditions,
the garments to be exhibited will be of
a nature to foster “trading up” and to
satisfy the wants of a large element of
women consumers who continue to
emphasize the style aspect in their pur-
chases of apparel, it was indicated.

 

Warm Friend Tavern
Holland, Mich.

is truly a friend to all travelers. All

room and meal rates very reasonable.
Free private parking space.
GEO. W. DAUCHY, Mgr.

17

 

HOTEL

OJIBWAY
The Gem of Hiawatha Land
ARTHUR L. ROBERTS
Degiman Hotel Co.

Enjoy the delightful Govern-
ment Park, the locks, the
climate and drive.

Sault Ste. Marie Michigan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CODY HOTEL

IN THE HEART OF THE
CITY OF GRAND RAPIDS

Division and Fulton

RATES
$1.50 up without bath
$2.50 up with bath

CODY CAFETERIA IN
CONNECTION

 

 

 

DETROITER

ROOMS 750 BATHS

FREE GARAGE
UNDER KNOTT MANAGEMENT

SINGLE ROOMS
WAR

PRIVATE BATH

Vane

NO HIGHER

 

NEW

Decorating

and
Management
Pactne FAMOUS
Grand Circus Park. Oyster Bar.
800 Rooms - - - 800 Baths

Rates from $2

HOTEL TULLER

HAROLD A. SAGE, Mgr.

 

 

 

 

 

18

Sane

DRUGS

Michigan Board of Pharmacy.
President—Orville Hoxie, Grand Rapids.
Vice-Pres.—Clare F. Allen, Wyandotte.
Director—Garfield M. Benedict, San-

dusky.

Examination Sessions — Beginning the
third Tuesday of January, March, June,
August and November and lasting three
days. The January and June examina-
tions are held at Detroit, the August ex-
amination at Ironwood, and the March

and November examinations at Grand

Rapids.

Michigan State Pharmaceutical
Association.

President—J. C. Dykema, Grand Rapids.

First Vice-President—F. H. Taft, Lan-
sing.

Second Vice-President—Duncan Wea-
ver, Fennville.

Secretary—R. A. Turrell, Croswell.

Treasurer—Clarence Jennings, Law-
rence.

 

 

What Is This Thing Called Profit?

Profit over the period of a year is
not merely the margin between cost
and selling price, but is margin times
turnover; and if profit were figured on
a basis of investment, rather than on
a basis of purchase price or selling
price, a great many merchants would
alter some of their views regarding the
merchandise in which they invest their
money,

This definition was given me by an
old advertising friend, Bill Paine, and
while I do not say it was original with
him, both of us are thoroughly con-
vinced in our own minds that too many
business men do not know how to
recognize profit when they see it and
cannot figure out ahead whether a line
is going to prove a profit winner or a
white elephant on their hands.

If anyone held up before you two
pieces of silver, one of them a genuine
silver half dollar bearing the imprint
of the United States, and the other one
merely a plain silver disc, the size and
weight of a half dollar, in the first case
you would already be “sold” on the
value of the silver disc, because of the
trade mark of Uncle Sam; in the sec-
ond case, you would have to be “sold”
on its value to you as equivalent to the
value of the fifty cent coin you had
been taught to believe in.

This is a simple and elementary way
of getting over the idea I have in mind
regarding this thing called profit. It is
not enough for a merchant to stock his
shelves with merchandise; it must be
salable merchandise. Not “salable” in
the ordinary sense, because one might
properly argue that any good mer-
chandise is salable. For it must not
only be salable—it must be already
“sold” in the minds of the people upon
whom a merchant depends for his busi-
ness livelihood. In other words, it
must be just as definitely sold to them
as the disc of silver bearing the trade
mark of Uncle 'Sam is sold to you as
being worth ‘fifty cents of your money.

It is this quality of salableness that
makes a product move steadily and de-
pendably off the store shelves, and an-
other product gather dust and fly-
specks. And the difference is salabil-
ity of various products is more defi-

nitely traceable to advertising, or lack

of advertising, than to anything else.

A few weeks ago, in my home town
of Washington, I happened to enter
the old drug store which I had patron-
ized in my youth. It looked pretty
much as it did in the “good old days.”
Nor did it take me long to [find out
why that good old corner drug store
had not progressed and waxed pros-

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

perous as had others in the immediate
neighborhood. In the windows were
unattractive offerings of merchandise
of doubtful parentage, evidently in-
tended to capture the eye of the public
because of the seemingly low prices
at which it was offered.

Here was a hair tonic of which I
had never heard; a very large tube of
tooth paste at a ridiculously low price,
but bearing a name wholly unfamiliar
to me. Here was a lot of toilet soap
—hbig, brilliantly colored cakes, but
bearing a name I had no recollection
of ever having seen before.

Inside the same soda fountain was
still standing, but it was not in opera-
tion. I introduced myself to the pro-
prietor. He was the son of the man
who had run it when I was a boy.
“What's the trouble with the soda
fountain?’ I asked. He mumbled
something about having stopped oper-
ating it because there was no profit
and I started to remind him that less
than a block away was one of the
busiest and most profitable soda foun-
tains in the whole District of Columbia.
But I thought: “What’s the use, he
won't believe me anyway.”

The trouble with that soda fountain,
in fact the trouble with the whole drug
store was the man at the head of it
and he had inherited his line of rea-
soning from his father who, before
him, was a great believer in unknown
brands of big packages which gave the
impression of offering a lot for the
money. ‘The old gentleman had a like-
able personality on which he had built
quite a large business, but his were the
days when competition was less keen
and it was easier to build a business
on personality alone.

To-day the great mass of people are
taught through advertising the reason
for demanding certain merchandise by
name and they are becoming continu-
ally more and more brand conscious,
which simply means that they have
learned by reading advertising, and
later by actual experience, that they
can depend upon a certain quality or a
certain service in certain branded ar-
ticles, so that the brand name of those
articles become definitely fixed “buy-
words” in their minds.

The drug store of my boyhood was
full of “plain silver discs.” ‘The suc-
cessful competitor down the street had
his shelves well stocked with good old
“fifty cent pieces” which enabled him
to keep his merchandise investment
turning over rapidly time and time
again during the year. The chances
are, as is usually the case, he made a
smaller individual profit per sale than

“the old-fashioned drug store at the

corner, but his merchandise turned so
many more times within the year, with
so little selling effort on his part, that
he was able to earn a good profit on his
business and put a certain amount
back into modern improvement to
draw more and still more trade.

On the counter back of a soda foun-
tain the other day, I counted nineteen
different brands of candy bars, all
practically alike. Three of them were
familiar brands, made famous by good
advertising persistently run. The
others were nondescript brands. The
boxes looked dingy, the glassine paper
covers were soiled and broken in spots.
They were not moving and the pro-

prietor of that fountain stood a chance
to lose good money. Had he concen-
trated on the three well advertised
brands, or even on one of them, put-
ting other well advertised merchandise
in place of the less known brands, he
would ‘have increased by just so much
his opportunity to turn over his invest-
ed capital at a profit.

It is obvious, of course, that a mer-
chant buys merchandise to sell, and he
sells it to make a profit. But merely
getting more for an article than it cost
him, does not necessarily assure the
merchant that he is going to get a
profit, and he should be certain that
there is not some way open to him to
make a bigger profit through handling
some other line or some other brand
of the particular article in question.

H. K .Dugdale.
—— a

Heldenbrand Takes Over the Kim-
bark.

Pontiac, Dec. 1—This is to advise
that I have decided to take over my
Hotel Kimbark at Bay City on the first
of the month and will start at once to
put the house in first-class condition,
with new beds (the best) carpets, etc.

‘When completed there will be forty

rooms full of comfort and priced at
$1.75 with bath and $1.25 without.

You will be pleased to know my
daughter, Elizabeth, is married and
that the new son-in-law likes the
Tradesman, so let my paper go to
Kimbark ‘Hotel, Bay City, and send
your paper to Lehman Hunt, 147 West
Lawrence street, Pontiac.

When you next write Verbeck tell
him when he gets ready to come to
Michigan next summer I will drive
over and pick him up at Denver.

The Heldenbrands are all well. We
all join in best wishes and kindest re-
gards to all good Tradesman people.

HH. F. Heldenbrand.

— +2 >—___
Spring Shirt Lines Delayed.

Leading shirt manufacturers are un-
decided about new ‘Spring prices and
are holding off the opening of lines
until later in the year, with the possi-
bility that many of them will not show
goods until after Jan. 1. Usually,
salesmen make a brief trip about Nov.
15, ‘but this season very little interest
has been shown in 1932 merchandise.
Quotations on Fall goods have reached
an extremely low level, and stocks are
being cleared out at concessions earlier
than usual, In most cases Spring prices
are expected to be lower, although in
one or two instances no changes in
quotations are looked for.

— ae
To Continue Notion Bulletins.

A bulletin service conveying mer-
chandising helps to retailers, which
was started as an experiment this
year, will be made a permanent fea-
ture of the National Notion Associa-
tion’s activities, members decided at a
special meeting in the Advertising
Club one day last week. ‘The bulletins,
according to Ralph K. Ginsburg, presi-
dent of the association, improve the
volume of sales for manufacturers and,
in addition, bring about a substantial
betterment in trade relations with
notion buyers.

—_++>—___

“Tt is the duty of everyone to make
at least one person happy during the
week,” said a Sunday school teacher.
“Have you done so, 'Freddy?” “Yes,”
said Freddy promptly. “That's right.
What did you do?” “I went to see my
aunt and she was happy when I went
home.”

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

IN THE REALM OF RASCALITY.

 

Questionable Schemes Which Are
Under Suspicion.

Readers of these articles are familiar
with the legal principle—for I have
frequently discussed it—that a person
asked to sign a written contract must
read it, for he is charged with knowl-
edge of what it contains whether he
reads it or not; he is not warranted
in taking anybody’s word as to what it
contains, but must know for himself.

Sometimes this principle works hard-
ship or what appears to be hardships
in individual cases, but generally speak-
ing it is a wholesome, logical and salu-
tary principle, viz.: that everybody in
his own protection should be on guard
in every way he can,

I have a case before me wherein this
principle was applied, and which seems
on the surface rather hard.

The 80th Division Veterans’ Asso-
ciation conceived the idea of raising
money by publishing a set of books,
the price of which was to be $69.50.
‘Solicitors of the association went to a
man named Johnson and got his signa-
ture to a contract in which he agreed
to pay the above sum for one set.
When they sought to deliver he re-
fused to take them and plead that he
was induced to sign the contract ‘by
the fraud and deceit of the solicitor,
who told him that he could have the
books sent to him for inspection, and
if he decided he didn’t want them he
could return them. On this under-
standing Johnson paid $9.50, was
promised the return of his money if he
returned the books. He said the was
led to sign the contract only because
the solicitor told him it was necessary
to have a shipping address for the
books. Johnson also said that the
agent concealed from him the contract
part of the paper which he signed and
misrepresented the whole transaction.
From what the solicitor said Johnson
believed he was merely agreeing to
look at the books when they were
delivered; that the $9.50 he was de-
positing went to the credit of the price
of the books if he took them, and was
to be returned to him if the did not.

It was a pretty convincing story,
and convinced nearly everybody that
Johnson had been deceived, but his de-
fense crumbled completely when it got
into court because he had been foolish
enough to sign a written contract to-
tally inconsistent with it. As I have
said, the paper Johnson signed was a
Straight order for the books, And it
contained a clause, “that, the whole of
this agreement is herein expressed and
that it has not been modified by any
verbal representations.” Naturally
under these conditions the court had
but one thing to do—give judgment for
the entire balance of the subscription
price, and that was done.

The court thus paid its respects to
the man who signs a contract without
reading it:

“Where parties have put their agree-
ment in writing stipulating that the
whole agreement is expressed therein
and that it has not been modified by
any verbal representations, such a

stipulation forms a material part of the
contract and is enforceable as_ such.
Parties may safeguard their right by

 

—*

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

19

 

such a stipulation. If this were not
so a contracting party would be
powerless to protect himself from
parol modifications of his solemn con-
tract. It follows that unless the affi-
davit of defense contained a sufficient
averment that defendant’s signature
to the order was procured by fraud, it
was insufficient to prevent judgment.
The affidavit of defense itself avers
there was misrepresentation, fraud and
deceit by the agent who solicited the
order, “as set forth hereinafter more
fully in the defendant’s counter-claim,”
Even if we regard these averments of
the counter-claim as part of the affi-
davit of defense, they do not constitute
an averment of facts which, if proved,
would be sufficient to avoid the con-
tract on the ground that it was fraud-
ulently procured. They amount to no
more than an averment that after the
agent filled up the order he concealed
the printed part thereof and requested
defendant to sign it, and that defend-
ant signed it without reading it and
without knowing what it contained.
Such an averment, if proved, would
establish very clearly defendant’s negli-
gence, but would not establish a
fraudulent procurement of the con-
tract by the agent. It is not averred
that defendant either requested or was
refused the right to read the entire
contract. “If a party who can read
will not read a contract put before him
for execution, he is guilty of supine
negligence which is not the subject of
protection either in equity or at law.”

Well, here I am writing these ar-
ticles year after year, and they are
published all over the United States.
I have many times discussed this prin-
ciple of law, illustrating it with actual
cases, and have warned my readers to
remember it and apply it. Yet the crop
of these poor victims does not fall off;
on the contrary almost every casebook
you pick up contains cases on this

point. Not very flattering to me, but
all I can do is to keep on.
Elton J. Buckley.
[Copyrighted, 1931.]
———_o-+-
Electrical Appliance Sales Gain.
Demand for electrical household ap-
pliances improved slightly this week.
The general movement of goods for
immediate and holiday sale, however,
is still far behind last year’s average,
producers said. Low-end coffee per-
colators, bread toasters and waffle
irons were the most active items of the
week. Table grills, coffee urns priced
in the medium and higher ranges, elec-
trical’ batter mixers and other such
items were slighted by the buyers.
Sales agents and producers are count-
ing on a substantial improvement in
business volume in the next two weeks,
but admit that the sales for the last
half of this year will prove disappoint-
ing,
—_>-+>—_—__
Young children and some employes
seem to construe kindness as a sign of
weakness,

 

BROOKSIDE BRAND
WHISK BROOMS

     
 

AMSTERDAM BROOM ca.

AMSTERDAM,

ALL STYLES
AND PRICES

 

 

 

Oakes St.

one price to all.

Grand Rapids

 

HOLIDAY
GOODS

Our 1931 line now on display in Grand
Rapids — in our own building 38-44

The display is the best ever—and prices
are down—and the goods are right. Come
in and look it over. This is your invitation

—everything marked in plain figures—

Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co.

Michigan

Manistee

 

 

WHOLESALE DRUG PRICE CURRENT

 

Prices quoted are nominal, based on market the day of issue.

Acids

Boric (Powd.).. 10 @ 20
Boric (Xtal) --.10 @ 20
Carbolic ~.....- 38 @ 44
Care 2... 40 @ 65
Muriatic -~------ 3%4@ 8
Nitcie 2... 9 @ 15
Oxate ......._-_ 15 @ 25
Sulphuric ----.- 3%4@ 8

lartaric ~..__... 388 @ 52

Ammonia
Water, 26 deg... 07 @ 18
Water, 18 deg... 06 @ 15
Water, 14 deg... 5%@ 13
Carbonate ------ 20 @ 2
Chloride “Gran. 08 @ 18
Baleams

Copaiba, —..______ 25
Fir (Canada) -. 2 75@3 00
Fir (Oregon) -. 65@1 00
Per 2 25@2 60
Wolue 2... 1 50@1 80

Barks
Cassia (ordinary). 25@ 30
Cassia (Saigon) -. 40@ 60
Sassafras (pw. 50c) @ 40
= Cut (powd.)

Ce 2 15@ 25
Berrlee

Cubeb .... @ 7

<a ss @ 2

Juniper —...._....... 10@ 20

Prickly Ash ------ @ 50
Extracts

Licorice —_._____._. 60@ 175

Licorice, powd. -. 60@ 70
Flowers

Arnica 3... 75@ 80

Chamomile Ged.) 35@ 45
Chamomile Rom. @ 2

Gums

Acacia, Ist -.- @ 60
Acacia, 2nd ~.-.. @ 45
Acacia, Sorts _._.. 20@ 30
Acacia, Powdered 25@ 35
Aloes (Barb Pow) 35@ 45
Aloes (Cape Pow.) 28g 35
Aloes (Soc. Pow.) 75@ 80

 

Asafoetida -...... 50@ 60
row. 16
Camphor ----. 87@ =
Guaiac, pow’d @ 70
King. @1 25
Kino, powdered... @1 20
Myreh .......... @1 15
Myrrh, powdered 1

@1 2
Opium, powd. 21 00@21 50
Opium, gran. 21 00@21 50
Shellac, Orange
Shellac, White -
Tragacanth, pow. 1 25@1 50

 

Tragacanth -.. 1 — 25
Turpentine 2
insecticides

Arsenic ..-...... 7@ 20
Blue Vitriol, bbl. @ 06
Blue Vitriol, less 07@ 15
Bordea. Mix Dry 10%@ 21
Hellebore, White

powdered -..... 15@ =
Insect Powder. 3@
Lead Arsenate, Po. 11 @2
Lime and Sulphur

Dey... COS
Paris Green _... %@ 45
Leaves
Buchu -... ee @ 60
Buchu, powdered @ 60
Sage, Bulk --.... 25@ 30
Sage, % loose -. @ 40
— powdered... @ 3
Senna, Alex. -... 50@ 175
Senna, Tinn. pow. 30@ 35
Uva Urai -....-.. 20@ %
Olls

Almonds. Bitter,

true, of; @ 50
Almonds, Bitter,

artificial ..._._ 3 00@3 25
Almonds. Sweet,

woe 1 50@1 80
Almonds, Sweet,

imitation --... 1 00@1 26
Amber, crude -. 75@1 00
Amber, rectified : 50@1 75
AMmis@ 222s 1 50@1 75
Bergamont --.. 5 00@5 20
Cajeput ~~-.--.. 1 50@1 75
Cassia, 2... : =< 60
Cantor 40@1 60
Cedar Leat ...—. 3 00@2 25
Citronella -...-. 75@1 20
@leves .- 2 50@2 80
Cocoanut ------ 32%@ %6
Cad Liver .._... 1 40@2 00
Croton ....--.. 8 00@8 3%

Cotton Seed --._ : 25@1 50
Cubebs ........ 00@5 25
Higeron -......- 4 00@4 25
Eucalyptus -_. 1 00@1 26

Hemlock, pure. 2 00@2 25

Juniper Berries. 4 00@4 25
Juniper Wood ~ — 1 50@1 75
Lard, extra -... 1 55@1 65
Lard, No. 1 --.. 1 25@1 40
Lavender Flow... 6 00@6 26
Lavender Gar’n. 1 25@1 50
Lewmen 2 00@2 26
Linseed, boiled, bbl. @ 68
Linseed, raw, bbl. @ 65
Linseed, bld., less 75@ 83
Linseed, raw, less ae 80
Mustard. artifil. o: 30
Neatsfoot -._.- T 2501 35
Olive, pure -... 3 00@5 00
Olive, Malaga,

yellow ......_._ 2 50@3 00
Olive, Malaga,

green -._._..._ 2 85@3 26
Orange, Sweet 4 00@4 25
Origanum, pure_ @2 50

Origanum, com’! 1 00@1 20
Pennyroyal -... 3 25@3 50
Peppermint -... 3 50@8 75
Rose, pure ___- 13 50@14 00
Rosemary Flows 1 60@1 75
eee. E.

i a 12 50@12 75
Sassafras, true 2 00@2 25
S: . arti’) 75@1 00
Spearmint .... 4 (0@4 265
ner 1 25@1 50
TARE 6 00@6 26
Ter USP _..._ 65@ 75
Turpentine, bbl. _. @ 52
Turpentine, less 59@ 67
Wintergreen,

leaf -.......... 6 00@6 25
Wintergreen, a ee

birch a 3 25
Wintergreen, a 1 00
Worm Seed ..._ 6 00 6 25
Wormwood -.. 7 00@7 25

Potassium

Bicarbonate -.... 35 40
Bichromate  -____ 15 25
Bromide -......__ 69@ 85
Bromide .......__ 71
Chlorate, gran’d_ 0 28
Chlorate, powd. ae 23

OF Mieke 24
Cyanide —._._.__ 20 90
legge 43 3404 55

Permanganate __ 22%@ 365
Prussiate, yellow 35@ 45

Prussiate, red _. 70@ 15
Sulphate -...____ 35@ 40
Roots
Alkanet  ._.__ 30@ 40
Blood, Cae 30@ 40
alamus ........ 25@ 65
ecam e, pwd. 20 30

El At
Gentian, powd . 20 30
Ginger, African,

powdered -_.._.. 20@ 25
Ginger, Jamaica.
Ginger, Jamaica,

powdered -..... 35@ 40
Goldenseal, pow. 3 00@8 50
Ipecac, powd. __ 3 > dy 60
Licorice 40
Licorice, powd.__ iso 25
Orris, powdered. 385@ 40
Poke, Powdered 2@ 40
Rhubarb, powd. _. @1 00
Rosinwood, powd. @ 60
Saragparilla, Hond.

ground

Sarsaparilla, Mexic. @ 60
Squills 50:

Squills, powdered 70 80
Tumeric, powd... 15@ 26

Valerian, powd. _.. @ 650
Seeds
Qyiee on 20@ 30
Anise, powe: @ 35
mira ls 183@ 17
Canave .... 10@ 15
Caraway, Po. 7 25@ 380
Cardamon  ..__. 2 25@2 50
oer pow. .30 “ 25
See see 20
Fennel ae 200 30
SES ee 15
Flax, ground _. 6%@ 15
Foenugreek, pwd. 15@ 25
Heme oo 16
Lobelia, powd. .... @1 100
Mustard, yellow 10@ 20
Musard, black... 20@ 2
Fours ........._., 5@
Quince 2 - 3
Sabadilla .....___ = =
Sunflower —_...__ 12 18

Worm, Lavant — 5 00@5 75

Tinctures
Aconite @1 80
AlGee @1 56
Asafoetida  -_.___ @2 28
Arnica @1 50
Belladonna ___.__ @1 44
Benzoin ~....... @3 23

Benzoin Comp’d_ @2 40
BCE oe @2 16
Cantharides  - .. @2 52
Capsicum -.-... uk @2 28
Catechu ........ @1 44
Cinchona .......... @2 i6
Colchicum -..... @1 80
Colem .........., @2 76
Digttalis —...._... @2 04
Gentian ....._. ao @1 3
Guaise ....... @2 28
Guaiac, Ammon. @2 04
lodine ___... 3 25
Iodine, Colorless_ 1 50
hoa, Cla... @1 56
Rise @1 44
ae @2 52
Nux Vomica  -... gi 80
i since 5 40
Opium, Camp. -- @1 44
Opium, Deodorz’d @5 40
Rhubarh @1

Paints

Lead, red dry __ 134% @13%
Lead, white dry 15% @13%
Lead, white ofl 13%@13%
Ochre, yellow bbl. @ 2%
Ochre, yellow less 3@ 6
Red Venet’n Am. 3%@ :
Red Venet’n Eng. 4@ 8
Puy @
Whiting, bbl. @ 4%
Whiting —......__ 56% @10
Rogers Prep. _. 2 45@2 65

Msceillaneous

Acetanalid ~.._. 57@ 76
Aa o6@ 13
Alum. powd. and

ground ........ 09@ 16
Bismuth, Subni-

trate -...... 32 12@32 40
Borax xtal or

powdered ______
Cantharides, po. 1 25 1 50
Calomal .. 2 40@2 70
Capsicum, pow’d 42@ 66
Carmine ........ 8 00@9 00
Cassia Buds -. 35@ 45
Cloves

ee ee

35 4
Chalk Prepared. 14 7
Chloroform  -_____ 47@ 64
Choral Hydrate 1 20@1 50
Cocaine 12 85@13 85
Cocoa Butter _._.. 40@ 90
Corks, list, less 30710 to

40-10%
Copperas -....... 3{™@ =
Copperas, Powd. 4@
Corrosive Sublm 1 75@2 00

Cream Tartar ____ 28 42
Cuttle bone  __. oo bu
Dextrine _._..___

6%@ 15
Dover’s Powder 4 00@4 50

Emery, All Nos. 10@ s
Bmery, Powdered @
Epsom Salts, bbls. Sosu

BHpsom Salts, less ue 10
Ergot, powdered __

Flake, White  ___ Tr 20
Formaldehyde. lb. 09@ 35
Gelatineg 60@ 70

Glassware, less 55%
Glassware, full case 60%

Glauber Salts, bbl. 02
Glauber Salts less oe i
Glue, Brown -... 20 20
Glue, Brown Grd 16@ 22
Glue, White -___ 27% 35
Glue, white grd. 23 35
Glycerine = 35
et ae 16@ 9
TOG 6 45@7 00
Iodoform  ~-_._.. 8 00@8 30
Lead Acetate _. 17@
mace 1 60
Mace powdered_ 1 60
MentnGe 5 65@6 32
Morphine ____ 13 568@14 338
Nux Vomica ____ 25

Nux Vomica, pow. 1b6@

Pepper, Black, pw 35@ 45
Pepper, White, bn 55@ 65
Pitch, Burgundy_ 10@ 20
Quaseia. 15 s 20
Quinine, 5 oz. cans 60

Rochelle Salts __ 22% 35
Saccharine -____ 2 60@3 75
Salt Peter  .____ 11@ 32
Seidlitz Mixture 380@ 40
Soap, green __._. 15@ 20
Soap, mott cast _ 26
Soap. white Castile,

OMe 2... 15 00
seam, white “Castile °

ess, per ina 1 60
Soda Ash -_____ g 10
—— Bicarbonate 3%@ 10
Spirits Camphor ™ 1 .
Sulphur, roll _.. 4@ 11
Sulphur, Subl. —_ “3 10
Tamarinds ______ 26

Tartar Emetic __ 50@ 60
Turpentine, Ven. 50 16
Vanilla Ex. pure 1 50@2 00
Venilla Ex. pure 2 25@32 60
Zinc Sulphate _. 06@ 11

Webster Cigar Co. Brands
Websterettes  _____ sone = 50
Cree 3 50
Webster Cadillacs __ 78 oe
Golden Wedding
Panatellas ___..___ 75 00
Commodore ...______ 95 00

 

 

 

 
  
 
 
  
  
  
   
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
  

 

 

20

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

GROCERY PRICE CURRENT

These quotations are carefully corrected weekly, within six hours of mailing
and are intended to be correct at time of going to press. Prices, however, are
liable to change at any time, and merchants will have their orders filled at mar-
ket prices at date of purchase. For price changes compare with previous issues

 

 

ADVANCED DECLINED

Flour Canned Bacon Canned Corn

Rice Lamb Canned Peas
Lard Sauerkraut
Bacon Canned Squash
Canned Beets
Canned Beans

AMMONIA Pep, No. 224 ~--------- 2 70 Plums
Parsons, 64 OZ. ------ 295 Pep, No. 202 --~----- 00 Grand Duke, No. 2%4-- 3 25

84 tb. 4 55
3 4b) 6 25
10 lb. pails, per doz. 9 40
15 Ib. pails, per doz. 12 60
25 lb. pails, per doz. 19 15
25 Ib. pails, per doz. 19 15

APPLE BUTTER
Quaker, 24-21 oz., doz. 2 10
Quaker, 12-38 oz., doz. 2 00

BAKING POWDERS
Arctic, 7 oz. tumbler 1 35
Royal, 2 0z., doz. ---- 93
Royal, 4 oz., doz. -—- 1 80

Royal, 6 oz., doz, -—.. 3 45
Royal, 12 0z., doz. -_- 4 80
Royal. 2% lbs., doz.-_ 13 75
Royal, 5 Ibs., doz.-_-_ 24 60

 
   

       
   

DawVyeS
233 $f G 23%
ho wp 23
VERY CAN

KC, 10c size, 8 oz. --- 3 60
KC, 15c size, 12 oz. -- 5 40
KC, 20c size, full Ib.-- 6 80
KC, 25c size, 25 oz. -- 9 20

KC, 50c size, 50 oz. -. 8 60
KC, 5 ib. size -----_- 6 75
KC, 10 ib. size -.-—__- 6 50

BLEACHER CLEANSER
Clorox, 16 oz., 24s -. 8 85
Lizzie, 16 oz., 12s ---- 2 15

BLUING
Am. Ball.36-10z..cart. 1 00
Boy Blue, 18s, per cs. 1 35

BEANS and PEAS
100 Ib. bag
Brown Swedish Beans 8
Dry Lima Beans 100 lb. 1 15
Pinto Beans --------- 8
Red Kideny Beans -- 7
White H’d P. Beans 3
Black Eye Beans --
Split Peas, Yellow -- 5 10
Split Peas, Green ---- 5
Scotch Peas --------- 4 75

BURNERS
Queen Ann, No. 1 and
. ong, 2...
White Flame, No. 1
and 2, doz. ----.--- 2 26
BOTTLE CAPS

Obl. Lacaquor, 1 gross
pke., per gross ------ 15

BREAKFAST FOODS
Kellogg’s Brands.
Corn Flakes, No. 186 2 45
Corn Flakes, No. 1 24 2 45

Krumbles, No. 424 --. 2 70
Bran Flakes, No. 624 2 45
Bran Flakes, No. 602 1 50
Rice Krispies, 6°0z. -- 2 25
Rice Krispies. 1 0z. -- 1 10
Kaffe Hag, 12 1-I\b.

cans Jo). 5 50
All Bran, 16 0Z. ----- 2 25
All Bran, 10 oz. ------ 2 70
All Bran, % oz. ---- 2 00

BROOMS
Jewell, doz. ---------- 5 25
Standard Parlor, 23 Ib. 7 00
Fancy Parlor, 23 Ib. 8 00
Ex. Fancy Parlor 25 Ib. 8 40
Ex. Fey. Parlor 26 lb. 9 00
Toy ---—------—----- 1 75
Whisk, No. 3 ---—---- 2 25

ROLLED OATS
Purity Brand
Instant Flakes

ollie:

aa
=| PURITY OATS

ChestOSiwer || BRE |
TY OATS; CHIRA j
wet eer,

 
  
 

t
i
t

  

PREMIUM |:
OATS yj PURI

Small, 24s ---------- 1 717%
Small, 48s ---------- 3 60
Large, 18s ---------- 3 25
Regular Flakes
Small, 24s ---------- 1%
Small, 48s ---------- 3 50
Large, 18s ---------- 3 25

China, large, 12
Chest-o-Silver, lge. *3 25
*Billed less one free display
package in each case.

Post Brands.
Grape-Nuts, 248 ------
Grape-Nuts, 100s ----
Instant Postum, No. 8
Instant Postum, No. 10
Postum Cereal, No. 0
Post Toasties, 36s --
Post Toasties, 248 --
Post’s Bran, 248 ----

NNN nye owe
tS
o

BRUSHES

Scrub
Solid Back, 8 in. ---- 1 60
Solid Back, 1 in. ---- 1 76
Pointed Ends -------- 1 26

Stove Ae
Shaker ---------------
No. 50 --------------- 2 00
Peerless -------------- 2 60
Shoe —.
No. 4-0 ---------------

No. 2-0 -------------- 3 00
BUTTER COLOR
Dandelion ------------ 2 85
CANDLES

Electric Light, 40 lbs. 12.1
Plumber, 40 lbs. ----- 36.
Paraffine, 6s ~-------

Paraffine, 12s -

 
 

Tudor, per box -- 30
CANWED FRUITS
Hart Brand

Apples :
No; 160: .....--—__---- 4 95
Blackberries
No, 80 3 35
Pride of Michigan ---- 3 25
Cherries
Mich. red, No. 10 ----
Pod. No. 10 -_ 7 50
Red, No. 2 ---------- 3 50
Pride of Mich. No. 2-- 3 00
Marcellus Red -------- 2 56
Special Pie ---------— 1 7
Whole White -------- 3 25
Gooseberries
No, 10 8 50
Pears

19 oz. glass ------------
Pride of Mich. No. 2% 3 60

Yellow Eggs No. 2%4-- 3 25
— Raspberries

0.8 eo
Pride of Mich. No. 2-. 3 10
Pride of Mich. No. 1-- 2 35

Red Raspberries
No: 2 4 50
No. 4 22 - 3 15
Marcellus, No, 2 -----_ 3 60
Pride of Mich. No. 2.. 4 00

Strawberries

No: 2
Noo ee 3 00
Marcellus, No. 2 -.--- 3 25
Pride of Mich. No. 2_. 3 60

CANNED FISH

Clam Ch’der, 10% oz. 1 35
Clam Chowder, No. 2. 2 75
Clams, Steamed. No. 1 3 00
Clams, Minced, No. % 2 25
Finnan Haddie, 10 oz. 3 30
Clam Bouillon, 7 0z.. 2 50
Chicken Haddie, No. 1 2 75
Fish Flakes. small -- 1 35
Cod Fish Cake, 10 oz. 1 55
Cove Oysters, 5 oz, -. 1 60
Lobster, No. %, Star 2 yu
Shrimp, 1, wet -----. 215
Sard’s, % Oil, Key —- 5 25
Sard’s, % Oil, Key -- 5 26
Sardines, % Oil, k’less 4 15

Salmon, Red Alaska. 3 00
Salmon, Med. Alaska 2 15
Salmon, Pink, Alaska 1 20
Sardines, lm. \%, ea. 10@z2
Sardines, Im., %, ea. 25
Sardines, Cal. -_. 1 15@1 40
Tuna, % Curtis, doz. 2 55
Tuna, 4s, Curtis, doz. 1 80
Tuna, % Blue Fin _. 2 00
Tuna, 1s, Curtis, doz. 4 75

CANNED MEAT
Bacon, Med. Beechnut
Bacon, Lge. Beechnut
Beef, Lge. Beechnut
Beef, No. 1, Corned --
Beef No. 1, Roast --
Beef, 24% oz., Qua., sli.
Beef. 4 oz. Qua. sli.
Beef, 5 oz., Am. Sliced
Beef, No. 1, B’nut, sli.
Beefsteak & Onions, 8s
Chili Con Car., 1s ~---
Deviled Ham, \%s ---.
Deviled Ham, 3

09 = 1 com GOO tO bg OTP DD

Onions, No. 1 -.---- 3
Potted Beef, 4 oz. ---. 1
Potted Meat, % Libby
Potted Meat, % Libby
Potted Meat, % Qua.
Potted Ham, Gen. % 1

60
05
10
50
Ou
35
25
50
70
20
50
85
15
10
62
90
75
45
Vienna Saus. No. % 1 36
9

Vienna Sausage, Qua. 0
Veal Loaf, Medium -- 2 25
Baked Beans
Campbells: 75
Quaker, 16 0z. ~-------. 70
Fremont, No. 2 ----- 1 25
Van Camp, med. --.. 1 25
CANNED VEGETABLES
Hart Brand

Baked Beans
Medium, Plain or Sau. 70
No. 10 Sauce -------—- 4 50

Lima Beans
Little Dot, No. 2 ---- 2 80
Little Quaker, No. 10 13 00
Little Quaker, No. 1 -- : 15

Baby, No. 2 ~—------- 55
Baby, No,.1:.2 =~ -- 1 75
Pride of Mich. No. 1-- 1 55
Marcellus, No. 10 ~--. 8 20

Red Kidney Beans
NOS 400 oes 6 35
No. 6 222 3 70
No: 2 1 30
No. 4

String Beans
Little Dot, No. 2 ~--- 3 20
Little Dot, No. 1 ---- 2 25
Little Quaker, No. 1-- 1 90
Little Quaker, No. 2 -_ 2 90
Choice Whole, No. 10 12 50
Choice Whole, No. 2.. 2 50
Choice Whole, No. 1--1 70
Cut, No. 10 10 00
Cut: No. 222 22 86
Cut. No. 4: o-oo -—- 1 60

Pride of Mich. No. 2-. 1 75
Marcellus, No. 2 ---- 1 50
Marcellus, No. 10 ---- 8 25

Wax Beans
Litlet Dot, No. 2 ---- 2 75
Little Dot, No. 1 ---- 1 90
Little Quaker, No. 2... 2 66
Little Quaker, No. 1 1 80
Choice Whole, No. 10-12 50
Choice Whole, No. 2.- 2 50
Choice, Whole, No. 7 70

Cut; Now 220-2 0 00
Cut No. 2 2 1 95
Cut, No: 122 1 35

Prige of Michigan --. 1 75
Marcellus Cut, No. 10- 8 25

Beets
Small, No. 2% ------ 3 00
Extra Small, No. 2 -- 2
Fancy Small No. 2 -- 2 25
Pride of Michigan ~~ 2
Marcellus Cut, No. 10 6
Marcel. Whole, No. 2% 1 75

Carrots
Diced, No. 2 -~------- 1 30
Diced, No. 10 -------- 7 00
Corn

Golden Ban., No.
Golden Ban., No. 2--1 80
Golden Ban., No. 10 10 00
Little Dot, No. 2 ---- 1 70
Little Quaker. No. 2 1 70
Little Quaker, No. 1-1 35
Country Gen., No. 1-- 1 25
Country Gen., No. 2-- 1 70
Pride of Mich.. No. 1 1 15

Marcellus, No. 5 ---- 4 30
Marcellus, No. 2 ---- 1 40
Marcellus, No. 1 ---- 1 16
Fancy Crosby. No. 2-- 1 70
Fancy Crosby, No. 1-- 1 45
Peas
Little Dot. No. 1 ---- 1 70
Little Dot. No. 2 ---- 2 50
Little Quaker, No. 10 12 00
Little Quaker, No. -- 2 25

Little Quaker, No. 1-- 1 60
Bifted BE. June, No. 10-10 00
Sifted E. June, No. 5_- 5 75
Sifted E. June, No. 2-- 1 85
Sifted E. June, No. 1-- 1 25
Belle of Hart, No. 2-. 1 85
Pride of Mich.. No. 10 8 75
Pride of Mich., No. 2_-- 1 50
Marcel., is. June, No. 2 1 40
Marcel., B. June, No.5 4 50
Marcel., BE. Ju., No. 10 7 50

Templar BE. J., No. 2 1 32%
Templar E. Ju., No. 10 7 00
Pumpkin
No: 10 2. 4 35
No. 2% -——~--—--—---— 1 35
No; 2 2.22223 1 05
Sauerkraut
No: 40 scares 5 00
No, Bigs 2 1 35
NG 222 110
Spinach
No: 2% 2... 2 25
No, 2 0 1 80
Squash
Boston, No. 3 -------- 1 35
Succotash
Golden Bantum, No. 2 2 40
Little Dot. No. 2°---- 2 35
Little Quaker -—------- 2 25

Pride of Michigan -. 2 05

 

Tomatoes
No, 10...
No. 2%
No. 2
Pride of Mich., No. 2% 2 10
Pride of Mich., No. 2--1 40
CATSUP
Sniders, 8 oz. -------- 1 35
Sniders, 14 oz. -------- 215
Sniders, No. 1010 ---- .90

Sniders, Gallon Glass. 1 25
CHILI SAUCE

Sniders, 8 0z. --------- 2 10
Sniders, 14 oz. ~------- 3 00
Sniders, No. 1010 ---- 1 25

Sniders, Gallon Glass_ 1 45

OYSTER COCKTAIL
Sniders, 8 0z. ~------ 25 2 40

Sniders, 11 oz, ~------- 2 40
Sniders, 14 oz. ~------- 3 00
Sniders, Gallon Glass 1 45
CHEESE
mogcuetert: -.- 60
Wisconsin Daisy ------ 17
Wisconsin Flat ~------- 17
New York June -------- 27
Rap Sageo: 2.00 40
Mriek, 202 19
Michigan Flats -------- 17
Michigan Daisies ~---- 17
Wisconsin Longhorn -- 17
Imported Leyden ---_-- 27
1 lb. Limberger ------- 26
Imported Swiss -----.. 58

Kraft Pimento Loaf -_ 26
Kraft American Loaf -. 24
Kraft Brick Loaf ------ 24
Kraft Swiss Loaf --.... 32
Kraft Old Eng. Loaf-__ 45
Kraft, Pimento, % lb. 1 85

Kraft, American, % Ib. 1 85
Kraft, Brick, % lb. -- 1 86
Kraft Limburger,% lb. 1 85

CHEWING GUM

Adams Black Jack ---- 65
Adams Bloodberry ---- 5
Adams Dentyne ------ 65
Adams Calif. Fruit -- 65
Adams Sen Sen ------ 5
Beeman’s Pepsin ------ 65

Beechnut Wintergreen-
Beechnut Peppermint--
Beechnut Spearmint -- _
Doublemint ------------ 65
Peppermint, Wrigleys -- 65
Spearmint, Wrigleys -- 65

Juicy Fruit -.--------- 65

Krigley’s P-K --------- 65

Zong 2. = ane 65

Teaberry --------------- 65
COCOA

 

Droste’s Dutch, 1 Ib._. 8
Droste’s Dutch, % Ib. 4 50
Droste’s Dutch, % lb. 2
Droste’s Dutch, 5 lb.
Chacolate Apples ---- 4
Pastelles, No. 1 ---- 12 60

Pastelles, % Ib. ------ 6 60
Pains De Cafe ------- 3 00
Droste’s Bars, 1 doz. 2 00
Delft Pastelles ------ 2 15

1 lb. Rose Tin Bon

GONG 220502222 eee
7 oz. Rose Tin Bon .

NS ee 00
13 oz. Creme De Cara-
GNC 25S 13 20
12 oz. Rosaces ------- 10 80
1% Ib. Rosaces -------- 7 80
% lb. Pastelles —-.---- 3 40
Langnes De Chats .. 4 80
CHOCOLATE
Baker, Caracas, %s ---- 37
Baker, Caracas, %4s --.- 35
SLOTHES LINE
Kemp, 50 ft. -.. 2 00@2 25
Twisted Cotton,
te 1 75@2 00
Braided, 50 ft. ------ 0
Sash Cord ------ 2 00@2 35
COFFEE ROASTED
Blodgett-Beckley Co.
Old Master --------- a
Lee & Cady
1 Ib. Package
Breakfast Cup ----~-- 20
diherty 2 17
Quaker Vacuum ----- 32
NWedrow 2222202 28
Morton House -_------ 35%
MONO 222 27
imperial: oo 37%
Majestic: 22220 29

Boston Breakf’t Blend 24
McLaughlin’s Kept-Fresh

 

Coffee Extracts
M. Y., per 100 ~-..--
Frank’s 50 pkgs. -. 4 25
Hummel’s 50 1 Ib. 10%

CONDENSED MILK
Leader, 4 doz. -.-----.
Eagle, 4 doz. ~.---... 9 00

MILK COMPOUND
Hebe, Tall, 4 doz.
Hebe, Baby, 8 doz. -.
Carolene. Tall, 4 doz.
Carolene, Raby ------

EVAPORATED MILK

 

Vi ee oe 3 45
Quaker, Tall, 10% oz. 3 10
Quaker, Baby, 4 doz. 3 10
Quaker, Gallon, % doz. 1 55
Carnation, Tall, 4 doz. 3 45
Carnation, Baby, 8 dz. 3 45

a

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Oatman’s Dundee, Tall 3 45
Oatman’s D’dee, Baby 3 45

Every Day, Tall ---- 3 20
Every Day, Baby ---- 3 20
Pet, Tall ..--.--_-...-- 3 45
Pet, Baby, 4 dozen -. 1 73
Borden’s Tall ~------- 3 45
Borden’s Baby -------- 3 45
CIGARS
Airedale (22255-0022 5 00
Hemeter Champion --38 50
Canadian Club ------ 35 0
Robert Emmett -... 75 00
Tom Moore Monarch 75 00
Webster Cadillac -... 75 00

Webster Astor Foil. 75 00
Webster Knickbocker 95 46
Webster Albany Foil 95 v0
Bering Apollos ------ 95 00
Bering Palmitas _- 115 00
Bering Diplomatica 115 0¢
Bering Delioses -._. 120 0¢
Bering Favorita ---. 135 00
Bering Albas ------ 150 '

CONFECTIONERY
Stick Candy Pails
Pure Sugar Sticks-600c 4 00
Big Stick, 20 lb. case 17
Horehound Stick, 5 lb. 18

Mixed Candy

Kindergarten ....0 16
queagOr | 2650 oe 11
French Creams -------. 13
Paris Creams  _...8 14
SUDMCY (oe 10
Fancy Mixture ~.__--__ 16

Fancy Chocolate
: 5 lb. boxes
Bittersweets, Ass’ted 1 50
Milk Chocolate A A 1 50
Nibble Sticks —_...___ 1 50
Chocolate Nut Rolls — 1 60
Blue Ribbon 1 25

Gum Drops Pails
Champion Gums —..___. 15
Challenge Gums __..... 13
Jelly Strings -u.-.... 16

Lozenges Pails
AY A, Pep. Lozenges __ 14
A. A. Pink Lozenges __ 14
A. A. Choc. Lozenges__ 14

Motto Hears t-..-______ 18
Malted Milk Lozenges ._ 21
Hard Goods Pails
Lemon Drops shal Abate tT
O. F. Horehound drops 15
Anise Squares _..... | 16
Peanut Sauares _____ re
Cough Dro Bxs
Putnam's 2. ao 1 35
Smith: Bros 2020 1 66
Luden’s. 28 1 50
Pi i Paae _
neapple eo oo
Italian Bon Bons ______ :

Banquet Cream Minta_ 33
Handy Packages, 12-10c 75

COUPON BOOKS
50 Economic grade 2 &¢
100 Economic grade 4 60
500 Hconomic grade 20 00
1000 Economic grade 37 50
Where 1,000 books are
ordered at a time, speciai-
ly printed front cover is
furnished without charge.

CREAM OF TARTAR
6 lb. boxes eee eae Oe
— ssa
Pples
N. ¥. Fey., 50 lb. box 13
N. Y. Fey., 14 oz. pkg. 16

Apricots
Evaporated, Choice __ 13
Evaporated, Fancy __ 18
Kivaporated, Slabs _____
dix. Wancy 2.2) 25

Currants
Packages, 14 ox, ...... 17
Greek, Bulk, lb. -..... 16%

Dates
Dromedary, 36s ______ 6 75
Peaches
Evap. Choice ~_______ 121%
ancy: ooo a oo he
Peel
Lemon, American ______ 28
Orange, American _____ 28
Raisins

Seeded, bulk ~_____.___ 8%
Thorpson’s s’dless blk 8%
Thompson’s_§ seedless,

15 oz.
Seeded, 15 oz. ~_______ it

California Prunes
90@100, 25 lb. boxes_.@05%
80@90, 25 lb. boxes__.@05%
boxes._@6
60@70, 25 lb. been Gone
50@60, 25 lb. boxes_.@071%
: panes 205%
. boxes__.@11
20@30, 25 Ib. eee ou
18@24, 25 lb. boxes_.@17

- -——e—

-

 

 

 

i
i

inating NOSE

— ~~ a

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Hominy
Pearl, 100 lb. sacks __ 3 5¢
e

Macaroni
Mueller’s Brands
9 oz. package, per doz. 1 39
9 oz. package, per case 2 20

Bulk Goods
Elbow, 20 lb. ~---_. 5@07
Egg Noodle, 10 Ibs. __ 14
Pearl Barley
ee 00
Barley Grits —--____-__ 5 00
Chester 220 3 76
Sage
Eaat India 220. 10
Taploca
Pearl. 100 lb. sacks __ 09
Minute, 8 oz., 3 doz. 4 05
Dromedary Instant __ 3 50
Jiffy Punch
8 doz. Carton __. ____ 2 25
Assorted flavors.
FLOUR
Vv. C. Milling Co. Brands
lily White ooo” 5 10
Harvest Queen ______ 5 20
Yes Ma’am Graham,
0s 1 40

Lee & Cady Brands
American Eagle ___.
Home Baker _______.

FRUIT CANS

ason
F. O. B. Grand Rapids
Blalf pint 220

One pint 220 7 35
@ne aquart 200 8 55
Half gallon -..-._._-- 1 55
ideal Giass Top
Balt pint {22 00
One pint (2205. oo 9 50
One quart 222000 e 11 15
Half galion 2200 15 40
GELATINE
Jell-O, 3 doz. se --... 2 85
Minute, 3 doz. -_----. 4 05
Plymotth, White -__. 1 55
Quaker, 3 doz. __-__- 2 25

JELLY AND PRESERVES
Pure, 30 lb. pails -_.. 3 30
Imitatin, 30 Ib. pails 1 60
Pure, 6 oz., Asst., doz. 90
Pure Pres., 16 oz., dz. 2 40

JELLY GLASSES
8 oz.. per doz.

Margarine
1. VAN WESTENBRUGGE
Food Distributor

    

[OLEOMARGARINE”
@Gream-Nut, 1 1b, .... 15
Pecola, Lip. Los 10%

BEST FOODS, INC.
Laug Bros., Distributors

 

Nucoa, 1 Ib.
Holiday, 1 Ib.

Wilson & Co.’s Brands
Oleo

   

Nut
Special Roll ~—--------- 14

MATCHES
Diamond, 144 hox -- 4 75
Searchlight, 144 box_. 4 75
Ohio Red Label, 144 bx 4 75
Ohio Blue Tp, 144 box 4 75
Ohio Blue Tip, 720-1c 3 80
*ReRliable, 144 ~-------
*Federal, 144 ~---------

Safety Matches

"Quaker, 6 gro. case_--

MULLER’S eee ae.
9 oz, ---. 2 20

22
Egg Vermicelli, 6 oz. 2 20
Egg Alphabets, 6 oz... 2 20
Egg A-B-Cs 48 pkgs... 1 80

NUTS—Whole
Almonds, Tarragnna__ 19
Brazil, large  .—_...__ 13%
Fancy Mixed -------- 18
Filberts, Sicily ------_ 17%

Peanuts, Vir. Roasted
Peanuts, Jumbo, std.

Pecans, 3, star -----_ 25
Pecans, Jumbo ------. 40
Pecans, Mammoth -- 50
Walnuts, Cal. _.__ as
Eiiekory ooo

Salted Peanuts
Fancy, No. 1

Shelied
Almonds Salted -_--~--- 95
Peanuts, Spanish
126 Ib. bags —.._--.. — 5%
BPilberts 22220 2 32
Pecans Salted ~----._-__ 73
Walnut Burdo ------__ 78

Walnut, Manchurian __

MINCE MEAT
None Such, 4 doz. -. 6 20
Quaker, 3 doz. case -_ 3 35
Libby, Kegs, wet, Ib. 22

OLIVES
4 oz. Jar, Plain, doz. 1 15
10 oz. Jar, Plain, doz. 2 10
14 oz. Jar, Plain, doz.
Pint Jars, Plain, doz.
Quart Jars, Plain, doz.
1 Gal. Glass Jugs, Pla.
5 Gal. Kegs, each -_.. 7 25
3% oz. Jar, Stuff., doz.
6 oz. Jar, Stuffed, doz.
91% oz. Jar, Stuff., doz.
1 Gal. Jugs, Stuff., dz. 2 40

PARIS GREEN

a Se ee 34
SS ee ee 32

= and Ga 200 30

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Including State Tax
From Tank Wagon

Red Crown Gasoline __ 15.7

Red Crown Ethyl —___ 18.7

Stanoline Blue —~_______ 13.2

In fron Barrels

Perfection Kerasine __ 10.6
Gas Machine Gasoline 35.1
V. M. & P. Naphtha__ 15.8

1SO-VIS MOTOR OILS
In Iron Barrels

Eient 77.1
Medium (20500 171
Heavy 222500 (td
Ex, Heavy | ey ga

larine

fron Barrels

 

ct

1

Vy 2.1
Special heavy ~~ ._.____ 62.1
Extra heavy —~--..-.___ 62.1
Polarine “RY? 22000 62.1
fransmission Oil ______ 62.1
Finol, 4 oz. cans, doz. 1 50
Finol. 8 oz. cans, doz. 2 30
Parowax, 100 Ib. -___ 7.3
Parowax, 40, 1 lb. __ 7.55
Parowax, 20, 1 lb. __ 7.8

ee
10, ort, CoM
a)

 

Semdac, 12 pt. cans 3 00
Semdac, 12 at. cans 5 00

PICKLES
Medium Sour
5 gallon, 400 count .- 4 75

Sweet Small
16 Gallon, 2250 ~----- 27 00
5 Gallon, 750 __-----~ 9 75

Dil) Pickles
Gal. 40 to Tin, doz._. 10 25
No. 23%6 Tina —.-.___ 2 25
32 oz. Glass Picked_. 2 25
82 oz. Glass Thrown -_ 1 95

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Dill Pickles Bulk
200 a

“Gal. 0 30 00

PIPES
Cob, 3 doz. in bx. 1 00@1 20

PLAYING CARDS
Battle Axe, per doz. 2 65
Bicycle, per doz. ---. 4 70
Torpedo, per doz. .-.. 2 60

POTASH
Babbitt’s, 2 doz. -.-- 2 75
FRESH MEATS
Beef
Top Steers & Heif. --.. 16
Good St’rs & H’f. --.. 13
Med. Steers & Heif. ~. 12

Com. Steers & Heif. -. 11

Veal
OG) ee 12
Good (22 10
Medium: 222000000 09
Lamb
Spring amb 20 14
COO 12
Modivm: oo 12
Poor 22 one, 0
Mutton
Geog) 10
Medium 2000
Peer 222 10
Pork
ein, med, 12
SUE 11
Shoulders 2.200 10
Spareripg 220500 10
Neck bones ~--.--.___ 06
Trimmings o2.0 000 08
PROVISIONS
Barreled Pork
Clear Back _. 16 00@20 00
Short Cut Clear -__. 16 00

Dry Salt Meats
DS Bellies -_ 18-20@18-10

Lard
Pure in tierces
60 lb. tubs _..__advance ia

50 Ib. tubs ____advance

20 lb. pails _._._-.advance %
10 Ib. pails _..-.advance %
5 Ib. pails _._._-advance 1

3 Ib. pails ___-advance 1
Compound tierces -_.. 8%
Compound, tubs —_-... 9

Sausages

Bologna 16
Biver 20 18
Brankfort ...00000. 20
Pore 31
Weal 220 a. 29
Tongue, Jellied ~...____ 35
Headcheese ~...._______ 18

Smoked Meats
Hams, Cer. 14-16 lb. @17

Hams, Cert., Skinned
PGS Tp. @16

Ham, dried beef
Knuckles

California Hams ee z
Picnic Boiled -
Hams

Sn 20 os
Boiled Hams _______ @28
Minced Hams ______ @16
Bacon 4/6 Cert. ___. @19
Beef
Boneless, rump ____@22 00
Rump, new __ 29 00@35 00
Liver
Bee oa 14
Gait 2 55
Pore 2 06%
RICE
Fancy Blue Rose ____ 4 15
Fancy Head ......_.... 06
RUSKS

Postma Biscuit Co.

18 rolls, per case -__. 1 90
12 rolls, per case --.. 1 27
18 cartons, per case_. 2 15
12 cartons, per case... 1 46

SALERATUS
Arm and Hammer -__ 38 75

SAL SODA

‘;canulated, 60 Ibs. cs. 1 35
Granulated, 18-2% Ib.
packages —2.0 8 1 00

COD FISH
Middle, 22.0200 20
Ten ¥% lb. Pure __ 19%

doz 1 40

Wood boxes, Pure -. 29
Whole Cod —......... 11%

HERRING
hig “ect Herring
Mixed, Kegs ~.--.__--_ 82
Mixed, half bbls. —.... I 26
Mixed, bbls. -------- 5 50
Milkers, Kegs -------- 94
Milkers, half bbls. -. 9 40
Milkers, bbls, -------- 17 50
Lake Herring
% Bbl., 100 Ibs. —_-.
Mackeral

Tubs, 60 Count, fy. fat 6 Uv
Pails, 10 lb. Fancy fat 1 50

White Fish
Med. Fancy. 100 Ib. 13 06
Milkers, bbls. -___-- 18 50
K K K K Norway ~-_ 19 50
§ I>. pails ..... 1 40
Cut Lunch 1 50

Boned, 10 lb. boxes __ 16

SHOE BLACKENING

2 in 1, Paste, doz. ... 1 130
E. Z. Combination, dz. 1 30
Dri-Foot, doz. 2

Bixbys, Doz.
Shinola, doz.

 

STOVE POLISH
Blackne, per doz. -... 1 30
Black Silk Liquid, dz. 1.30
Black Silk Paste, doz. 1 25
Enameline Paste, doz. 1 30
Enameline Liquid, dz. 1 30
E. Z. Liquid, per doz. 1 30
Radium, per doz. - ._1 30
Rising Sun, per doz. 1 30
654 Stove Enamel, dz. 2 xv
Vulcanol, No. 10, doz. : 30
Stovoil, per doz. -____ Qu

SALT
oO. G. oe Rapids

Colonial. “4 2. ..
Colonial, 36-11% ______ 1 20
Colonial, Iodized. 24-2 1 36

ed. No. 1 Bbls. -__. 2 90
Med. No. 1, 100 lb. bk. 1 00
Farmer Spec., 70 lb. 1 00
Packers Meat, 50 Ib. 65
Crushed Rock for ice

cream, 100 Ib., each 85
Butter Sg) 280 ib. bbl.4 00
Block. 50 ib. _. 4u
Baker Salt. P80 lb. bbl. 3 80
6, 10 lb., per bale _... 93

20, 3 Ib., per bale __._ 1 00
28 Ib. bags, Table _... 40
Old Hickory, Smoked,

G-16 Wh 4 50

 

Free Run’g, 32 26 oz. 2 40
Five case lots 2 30
Iodized, 32, 26 oz. -. 2 40
Five case lots ------ 2 30

BORAX
Twenty Mule Tear

24, 1 Ib. packages -. 3 35
#8, 10 oz. packages .. 4 40
96, % oz. packages __ 4 00

CLEANSERS

 

80 can cases, $4.80 per case

WASHING POWDERS

Bon Ami Pd., 18s, box 1 90
Bon Ami Cake. 18s 1 62%

Brille... 85
Climaline, 4 doz. _--. 4 20
Grandma, 100, 5c ---- : 50
Grandma, 24 Large 2. & 5@
Gold Dust, 100s ------ 3 10

Gold Dust, 12 Large 2 80
Golden Rod, 24 4

La France Laun., 4 dz. 3 60
Old Dutch Clean., 4 dz. 3 40

Oetagon, 96s 3 90
Hinse: 405 - 3 20
Rineo, 246... OG
= No More, 100, 10
SS en ae ee 3 86
Rub No More, 20 Lg. 4 00
Spotless Cleanser, 48,

a Oe, oo. 3 85
Sani Flush, 1 doz. —. 2 25
Sanolio, ¢ dem, ........ ¢ 16
Soapine, 100, 12 oz. -. 6 40
Snowboy, 100, 10 oz. __ 4 00
Snowboy, 12 Large -. 2 65
Speedee, 3 doz. ~--_-- 7 20
Sunbrite, 0s =... 210
Wyandotte, 48s -____ 4 75
Wyandot. Deterg’s, 24s 2 7

SOAP

Am. Family, 100 box
Crystal White, 100 —__
Bie Jack, 6és
Fels Naptha, 100 box
Flake White, 10 box
Grdma White Na. 10s
Jap Rose, 100 box ____
airy, 100 box _...
Palm Olive, 144 box__
rave, 100 how
Octagon, Gt 00
Pummo, 100 box ______
Sweetheart, 100 box __ 5
Grandpa Tar, 50 sm. 2
Grandpa Tar, 50 Ige. 3 50

7

s

TROP NW WOT POO
6
on

oe
oo
ol

Trilby Soap, 100, 10c
Williams Barber Bar, 9
Williams Mug, per doz. 48

SPICES
Whole Spices
Allspice, Jamaica ____ @30
Cloves, Zanzibar ____ po
Cassia, Canton ______
Cassia, 5c pkg., doz. Gio

Ginger, Afticar @19
Mace, Penang  ______ 1 60
Mixed, No. 1 _____.. ~@32
Mixed, 5c pkgs., doz. @45
Nutmegs, 70@90 __.. @50
Nutmegs, 105-1 10 __. @48
Pepper, Hiack 25

Pure Ground in Bulk

Allspice, Jamaica -... @33
Cloves, Zanzibar -... @53
Cassia, Canton ______ @29
Ginger, Corkin ____._.. @30

Mumtare 2
Mace, Penang _
Pepver, Black ___._.___._

  
 

Nutoiegs 2 @35
Pepper. White @44
Pepper, Cayenne —_____ @36
Paprika, Spaish @36
Seasoning
Chili Powder, 15c ____ 1 35
pcm F geciig 408. SG
Sage, eS 90
Onion *sait SIRE EEE 1 35
Garlie 1 35
Poncity. 2% of _... 9 %
Kitchen Bouquet ____ 4 50
Laurel Leaves  -_____ 20
Marjorazo. 1 of. .____ 9¢
Savery, § on 90
Thymic, 1 of. 90
‘Tumeric, 2% of. .... 90
STARCH
Corn
Kingsford, 40 Ibs. _. 11%
Powdered, bags -_..._ 8 26
Argo, 48, 1 lb. pkgs. «s 2a
Cream, 49-3 4 40
Gloss

Argo, 48, 1 Ib. pkes. $ 03
Argo, 12, 3 Ib. pkgs. 2 17
Argo, 8, 5 lb. pkgs... 2 46
Silver Gloss, :8, Is _. 11%

Elastic, 64 pkgs. -... 5 10
Tiser. 45-4
Tiger, GO he, ......__. 2 78
SYRUP
Corn

Blue Karo, No. 1% -- 2 54
Blue Karo, No. 5, 1 dz. 3 53
Blue Karo, No. 10 __ 3 33
Red Karo, No. 1%  __ 2 75
Red Karo, No. 5, 1 dz. 3 79
Red Karo, No. 10 _... 3 59

imit. Maple Flavor
Orange, No. 1%, 2 dz. 3 25
Orange, No. 5, 1 doz. 4 99

Maple and Cane

Kanuck, per gal. _-.. 1 50
Kanuck, 5 gal. can __ 6 50

Maple
Michigan, per gal. __ 2 76
Welchs. per gal. ---_ 3 26

COOKING OIL

Mazola
Pinte, 2 doz. ....__.._.. . 75
Quarts, 5 doz. _______. 25

Half Gallons, 1 doz. — ri 16
Gallons, % doz. ---. 11 30

TABLE SAUCES

Lee & Perrin, large. 5 75
Lea & Perrin, small. 3 35

POODGR ik is ee 1 60
Royal Mint ........... 2 40
Tonsacd, 2 oe. 5... 4 26
Sho You, 9 0z., doz... 2 25
Ax}, WIR onc ce «ax 4 1%
A=) SONA 2... 2 85
Caner, 2 oe, V2... 3 30

TEA
Blodgett-Beckley Co.
Royal Garden, % lb... 75

Royal Garden, % Ib. -_. 177
Japan
Medium ................. 27@35
Chee oo 36@40
Raney 2... 42@52
Not Nie. 54
I Ih. poke. Sifting 12
Gunpowder
Cheeses 40
Paney 47
Ceyion
Pekoe. medium ________ 57
English Breakfast
Congou, medium _______ 28
Congou, Choice ____ 35@36
Congou, Fancy ____ 42@43
Oolong
Mee
Choice

 

TWINE
Cotton, 3 ply cone ____ 25
Cotton, 3 ply Balls ____ 27
Wool, 6 ply

ee eee aw 58
VINEGAR
F. O. B. Grand Rapids
Cider, 40 Grain 16

White Wine, 80 grain__ 25
White Wine, 40 grain__ 20

WICKING
No. 0, per gross __._.._ su
No. 1, per grossa ____. 1 Zo
NO. 4 per gross —____ 1 ov
No. 3, per gross _____ 2 su

Peerless Kolis, per doz. yu
Rochester, No. z, doz 60

Rochester, No. 3, doz. 2 vu
Rayo, per dos, ia
WOODENWARE
Baskets

Bushels, narrow band,
wire handles

~
~
o

yu
Market Single handle_ yo
Market,

CAUSA 1 ov
mpint, large 8 50
Splint, medium —_____ 7 6u
SPUN, ama .... 6 bu

Churns
Barrel, 5 gal., each __ 2 4u

Barrel, 10 gal., each__ z 55
3 tO 6 gal., per gal, __ io
Pails
10 qt. Galvanized ____ 2 60
12 qt. Galvanized __ Z sp
14 qt. Galvanized ____ g lu
12 qt. Flaring Wal. Jr. o uv
10 qt. Tin Dairy ...... 4 Ww
Traps
Mouse, Wood, 4 holes. 6u
Mouse, wood, 6 holes_ iu
Mouse, tin, d holes __ bo
Hat, Wode 1 vu
Mat, sotioe .. i vu
Mouse, spring ....____ 20
Tubs
Large Galvanized ____ 8 76
Medium Galvanizea __ { jo
Sma Galvanized _.__ 6 75
Washboards
Banner, Glone _.._... 6u
Grass, sitigie ........ 6 Zo
Glass. sitigie 6 UY
Double Peerless ______ 8% bu
Single Peerless ____ _ 7 dU
Northern Queen ______ Dd du
CH VGN i zo
Wood Bowls
ig in, Butter .........., 5 ou
16 in, Hutter ¥ vu
It th. Batter 1S uu
19 if, Butter —nnccane zd vu

WRAPPING PAPER
Fibre, Manila, white __ 05

No, 1 Slee |... 06%
Butchers D ¥ 06%
Bratt 06%
Mrakt Stripe 09%

YEAST CAKE

Masic, = dow ._...... 2 7
Sunlight, 3 dos. __.....
Sunlight, 1%4 doz. _... 1 33

Yeast Foam, 3 doz. __ 2 70
Yeast Foam, 1% doz. 1 35

YEAST—COMPRESSED
Fleischmann, per doz 30
Red Star, per doz. -... 20

 

 

di EN Sina dc tac anata tet

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OUT AROUND.
(Continued from page 9)

tion has been shattered. Work for
work’s sake, as the most glorious privi-
lege of human faculties, has gone, both
as an ideal and as a potent spirit. The
conception of work as a degrading
servitude, to be done with reluctance
and grudging inefficieffcy, seems to be
the ideal of millions of men and of all
classes and in all countries.

 

The defiance of the law is seen on
every hand and among all classes of
people of all ages. We see it in the
small boy who invades the sidewalk
with his bicycle when he knows it is
contrary to law. We see it a thou-
sand times a day in the handling of
automobiles in utter defiance of the
laws and the ignoring of the canons
of safety and decency. We see it in the
attitude of too many of our people in
relation to the Volstead law. We see
it in the way criminals of all classes
flaunt the law and the manner in which
legal delays and diliatory court prac-
tices permit nine-tenths of our crim-
inals to go unpunished. We see it in
the criminal practices of many of our
lawyers who construct frame-ups to
defeat the ends of justice and liberate
criminals who should be promptly and
effectively punished.

 

I wish every reader of the Trades-
man could visit England or any of the
English possessions in the Western
Hemisphere, so as to see how much
better the law is enforced by Great
Britain than it is in our country. This
means, of course, that the people of
England have a profound respect for
the law. In the English possessions
on this side of the world the uplifted
finger of the constabulary is all that
is needed to quell a disturbance or
restrain a man who undertakes to per-
form an unlawful act. The officer car-
ries no gun or club. All he does is to
lift the finger of his right hand. That
finger represents the majesty of Eng-
lish law and no one dares disobey.

 

Another feature England handles
better than we do is the trial and pun-
ishment of persons who dare to dis-
obey the law. Minor offenders are
tried the same day the offence is com-
mitted and punishment, if the trial re-
sults in conviction, is instantaneous.
Persons who commit major crimes are
tried within a week and no discrimina-
tion is made between the millionaire
and the drayman. English justice is
justice in all that the term implies.

 

The greatest service the business
man of to-day can render in combating
the evils of a mechanical age is to de-
fend and preserve in its full integrity
the Constitution of our fathers. That
Constitution was their vision. And
when did a nobler one ever inspire
men in the political annals of man-
kind? Without that vision to restrain
each succeeding generation of Amer-
icans from the tempting excesses of
political power, the American Com-
monwealth, with its great heterogene-
ous democracy, might conceivably
parish.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Thank God that vision still remains
with the American people and still
leads them to ever-higher achieve-
ments; for in all the mad changes of a
frenzied hour the American people,
as a rule, have not yet lost faith in or
love for the Constitution of the
Fathers. That vision will remain with
us as long as, and no longer than,
there is in the hearts of the American
people a conscious and willing ac-
quiescence in its wisdom and justice.
Obviously, it can have no inherent
vigor to perpetuate itself, If it ceases
to be of the spirit of the people, then
the yellow parchment whereon it is
inscribed can avail nothing. When that
parchment was last taken from the
safe in the State Department, the ink
in which it was engrossed 144 years
ago was found to be faded. We must
preserve the compact, not with ink
upon parchment, but with “letters of
living light’”—to use Webster’s phrase
—upon the hearts of our people.

 

Let us, then, as its interpreters and
guardians, and, as such, the civilian
soldiers of the state, do all that in us
lies to preserve this inspired vision of
the Fathers; for again the solemn
warning of Jeremiah, the wise man of
old, occurs to me:

“Where there is no vision, the peo-
ple perish; but he that keepeth the
law, happy is he.” E. A. Stowe.:

—_——__»++—_--
Removal of Hardware Headquarters
To Lansing.

Saginaw, Dec. 144A milepost in As-
sociation history has ‘been passed.
Marine ‘City for nearly thirty years has
been the home of the Michigan As-
sociation—so Jong that ‘Marine City,
to any Association member, has meant
the Michigan /Retail Hardware As-
sociation and Arthur J. Scott. The
Board was of the opinion that a loca-
tion more accessible to the dealers
would advance the interests of the As-
sociation and give opportunity for in-

creased service.

At the June board meeting, a com-
mittee consisting of ‘Chas. ‘Sutton, Wm.
Moore, A. D. VanDervoort, Warren
Slack, Louis F, Wolf and your Presi-
dent, was given the duty of selecting
a suitable location. A survey was made
of locations based on the number of
members within easy driving distance
from each location considered. Mem-
bers in all parts of Michigan were also
consulted. Two committee meetings
were held, resulting in the choice of
Lansing as Association headquarters.
Not only is Lansing the most central
and accessible place for most members,
but it will bring the office into more
direct contact with legislation, a factor
of no small importance.

Marine City will not ‘be forgotten.
Arthur J, Scott, with whom the
Marine City address is so closely as-
sociated, will remain enshrined in our
hearts. We believe Arthur would have
favored the choice of Lansing had he
been with us.

Waldo Bruske, President.

—_~+ + +—___

Serving Plates in Good Demand.

A sharp increase in the demand for
gold encrusted china serving plates has
brought a considerable volume of busi-
ness to importers in the chinaware
field. The plates are being pur-
chased in retail ranges of $1.49@3.98
each. ‘The call this year has been
heavier than in previous seasons, with
emphasis placed on dishes decorated
in combinations of gold and _ blue.
Floral patterns and plain gold are also
selling well.

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

« .. View it

from any angle
MR. GROCER ...

 

You are ahead of the game when you sell

Henkel’s Velvet.

First look at your margin of profit! You
can meet price competition with this quality
product and a net profit that’s worth your
while. There's no finer Cake and Pastry
Flour milled than Velvet. Once you get
your customers to try it—they come back for
more.

Push this advertised product—every day of
every week—you'll build a nice volume that
will pay you a handsome profit.

For prompt deliveries call the nearest
Commercial Milling warehouse
or jobber.

 

Sell them Henkel’s Pancake

Flour for delicious pancakes.

  

(VELVET:

ieee eet

 

 

 

cake & pastry four

Satisfy Every Underwear Need
With Utica-Knit Bodygard

All Styles, All Weights, All Sizes
In ONE Nationally Advertised Brand

Advertised and known to millions as the com-
fortable underwear that lasts longer, Utica-Knit
sells by name—stays sold by deed. So inclusive
is its range of styles, weights and sizes, the
Utica-Knit brand answers every requirement
of the complete underwear department.

:
Bodygard Underwear

VELLASTIc For Every Member UTICA-KNIT

Liestse R-boed. Fleece-Lines of the Family For
UNDERWEAR 3), sass, JACKETS

 

Distributed by

VAN LEEUWEN DRY GOODS CO.

237-241 Fulton Street, W., Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

SHOE MARKET

Michigan Retail Shoe Dealers Association.
President—Elwyn Pond, Flint.
Vice-President—J. E. Wilson, Detroit
Secretary—Joe H. Burton, Lansing.
Asst. Sec’y-Treas.—O. R. Jenkins
Association Business Office, 907 Trans-

portation Bldg., Detroit.

 

Create Christmas Atmosphere in the
Shoe Store.

The ‘first essential to stimulate
Christmas activity is to have your
store in the spirit of ‘Christmas. This
does not necessarily mean that it has
to be a typical hodge-podge of holly
and ‘Santa Claus decoration thrown
about without reason or discretion. But
a careful use of color livens up stock
and arouses enthusiasm in the passive
buyer.

The practice of grouping various
items of merchandise and selling them
together in a box has great possibili-
ties this season. For example, the box
with three buckles, one tailored, one
evening and one afternoon. Or a group
of flannel pull-overs in variegated
colors, wrapped in cellophane and at-
tractively priced, may be suggested
for traveling or for the college girl.

Mules displayed in groups or on the
little inexpensively made ladders, tuck-
ed about in various parts of the store,
will stimulate a demand for new types
of merchandise in mules and slippers.
The value of souvenir paint books,
doll shoes and puzzles, to be distribut-
ed in the children’s department along
with a display in the windows, often
makes a customer out of the child be-
fore the prrent is induced to buy. Chil-
dren remember these little gifts and it
is the old psychology of the Christmas
stocking, which may have very few
thing: of value in it but which the chil-
dren iove for the associations it sug-
gests,

There are factories which make
special arrangements with shoe stores
for supplying units of these presents
for children, and it has been found a
very worthwhile method of bringing
children back into the departments.

The multi-colored stocking envelope
done in classic parchment is valued by
the discriminating woman and _ she
often keeps it to carry parcels back
and forth from shopping tours. The
envelope is large enough to hold three
pairs of stockings and is usually decor-
ated in red, glittering gold and yellow.
It is very effective to carry as well as
to pack in one’s suitcase. Knitted shoe
covers, velvet shoe plugs, the very
much wanted shoe horn and button
hook, cased with three spare laces, and
the stocking bags made of soft silk
which twist like a rosette are items
that will attract extra sales during the
holiday ‘buying period.

The most effective way of merchan-
dising these items is by grouping them
at a price. The customer’s mind is
tired at the holiday season and sug-
gestions are so welcome, especially
when price enters into the spending.
An attractive arrangement of units on
tables get the attention of customers

and tempts them to buy.

The practical woman has her Christ-
mas list budgeted and the suggestion
of two or three articles at a price
rather than a one item present has a
great appeal to the feminine buyer.
Before the season opens, the buyer
should go behind the counter and give

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

a practical demonstration to his sales
force of how to sell these articles to a
customer, dwelling on the fitness or
suitability of the various items.

‘Men must be sold and no more than
three articles should be presented to
them at one time. Very often the
confusions of the customer’s mind in
seeing too much merchandise at one
time causes him to hesitate and re-
consider. ‘The clerk should make a
definite statement as to the article and
then pause, leaving time for the cus-
tomer to think. Many times the con-
stant chatter of a sales person prevents
the customer from closing the sale and
before he has an opportunity to speak
he has changed his mind.

Just how much the 24 business days
intervening between Thanksgiving and
Christmas will mean to the retail shoe
men will depend on the way the pub-
licity job is planned and the manner
in which this plan is carried out.

As a start chart out definitely what
is to be done on each of these import-
ant 24 days. ‘The best time to do this
would be during an evening meeting
attended by all connected with the
store. Suggestions should come from
everyone present. And what is equal-
ly important, all present should have
a definite responsibility for the carry-
ing out of the plan.

To get the best results some one
item should be featured each day both
in the windows and the newspapers.
The center of the window displays
should be changed daily, for too many
people are on the streets each day now
to run the risk of the windows going
stale. Whatever is featured in the
windows should be headlined in the
daily advertising.

Price must be mentioned in all pub-
licity, for price is an important factor.
Plenty of attractive price cards are
necessary. ‘This does not mean that
the public is only interested in low
prices or cheap merchandise, but peo-
ple do demand to know what articles
cost before they give any serious con-
sideration to purchasing.

Above all, try to make the windows
bright, colorful, eye-compelling. Re-
member that the public is not in the
habit of thinking of the shoe store as a
holiday gift shop. The burden of
proving that this ought to be a foot-
wear )\Christmas rests with the shoe
man.—Boot and ‘Shoe Recorder.

_——————s
Items From the Cloverland of Michi-

gan.

Sault Ste. Marie, Nov. 30—Now that
the deer season is about over and the
surplus venison removed, there still
remain a few bucks unharmed, now
comes the report from Chippewa
county of conditions throughout the
county which are most alarming. The
depression has hit the former lumber-
ing districts, especially sections of the
West end of the county, from Raco to
Hulbert, where scores of families are
living in tarpaper shacks without suffi-
cient clothing to enable the children to
attend schools or even to keep warm.
A survey shows that 108 men are out
of employment. ‘Many of them have
had no employment since the blue-
berry season closed. It is not difficult
to understand that the head of a fam-
ily who has been out of work for sev-
eral months is not able to care for his
children. Over twenty families are on
the county now and before another
month it is expected that another
score of families will be added to these,
so that an urgent appeal is being made
for clothing and food and our Sooites

are expected to make every effort to
relieve the situation.

Ike Love, of Jackson, was the lucky
hunter at Drummond Island this year,
taking home a 1'10 pound albino deer,
which is a very rare species, we are
told by the old timers at Drummond.

‘Clyde Connelly, the well-known
merchant and proprietor of the hotel
at Munoskoung, has closed the hotel
for the season. Mr. ‘Connelly reports
a decrease in his business this year,

owing to the Government dredging at
the Nebish Cut, which spoiled the
fishing at Munoskoung, which is the
main attraction at that resort.

‘The Manistique [Pulp and Paper Co.,
at Manistique, is now operating all of
its grinders for the first time the past
year, and, as a result, thirty additional
men have been placed on their payroll,
which means added prosperity to
Manistique.

Men will wear brown this winter,
says a Stylist. They will if they did
last winter,

Charles Surrell, the prominent auto-
mobile dealer at Newberry, died last
Friday at his home.. He was well
known as the Chevrolet dealer at New-
berry. Mr. Surrell was born at New-
berry April 4, 1891. He left school at
an early age and worked with his
father, Matt Surrell, at the livery
stable. In 1919 he took up a contract
with the Chevrolet Motor ‘Co. and con-
tinued with them ever since.

It cost [Francis Black, of Cooks, just
$50 fine and $8.50 costs to offer to sell
a deer to supposedly Ohio state hunt-
ers, who turned out to be members of
the State police force in disguise.

One big objection to General Sher-
man’s description of war is that it ap-
plies to so many other things.

William G. Tapert.

0-2

Some of the greatest thinkers say
they do their best work during those
weeks when their wife isn’t speaking
to them,

 

Phone 61366

JOHN L. LYNCH
SALES CO.

SPECIAL SALE EXPERTS
Expert Advertising
Expert Merchandising

209-210-211 Murray Bldg.
Grand Rapids, Michigan

 

23

Public Utility Companies.
(Continued from page 11)
used by most of the public utility com-
missions of various situations.

For a utility to earn 10 per cent. it
must have an operation ratio of 50 per
cent. On the basis of $5 invested they
should get a return of $1 in gross. It
naturally follows that a smaller amount
invested means that the operation ratio
must be increased. This is a very im-
portant point to be considered in
studying a utility bond. The operat-
ing ratio must fall as the investment
of gross earnings rises if it is a well
managed utility. The application of
this formula will be outlined in next
week’s article, Jay H. Petter.

 

Sand Lime Brick

Nothing as Durable
Nothing as Fireproof
Makes Structure Beautifui
No Painting
No Cost for Repairs
Fire Proof Weather Proof
Warm in Winter—Cool in Summer

Brick is Everlasting
GRANDE BRICK Co.
Grand Rapids.
SAGINAW BRICK CoO.
Saginaw.

 

 

 

 

 

= i >
Business Wants vepariment
Advertisements inserted under this head
for five cents a word the first insertion
and four cents a word for each subse-
quent continuous insertion. If set in
capital letters, double price. No charge
less than 50 cents. Small display adver-
tisements in this department, $4 per
inch. Payment with order is required, as
amounts are too smali to open accounts.

For Sale Reasonable—One pressing ma-
chine, with extra boiler; one ironing
board; two electric irons; one electric
sign; one sewing machine; one cash reg-
ister; one safe; one counter. Would con-
sider trade for automobile. Phone F. R.
Giddings, 4910, Kalamazoo, Mich. 481
_WANTED—Married man wishes posi-
tion in general merchandise or grocery
store. Experienced. References  fur-
nished. Box 60, Perth, North Dakota.

 

FOR SALE—Warren hardware store
fixtures, case for leather goods, show
cases, tables, and _ safe. Reasonable.
Gerrit Sprietsma, 21 W. 8th St., Holland,
Mich. 479

FOR SALE — WATER WORKS with
over 500 customers on meter, fast grow-
ing community, low operating costs, at
a bargain. $15,000 will handle. J. W.
Graham, Hinton, West Virginia. 477

 

Vil pay cash for any stock of mer-
chandise, hone too large or too
small. Write, phone, or wire.

L. LEVINSOHN, Saginaw, Mich.

 

 

BEN KRAUSE CO.

 

We take this opportunity to extend to you
the Seasons Greetings and thank you

your patronage this past year.

See us in our new store

for

28 IONIA AVE., S. W.

 

 

 

 

 

sete

 

 

   

24

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

DETROIT DOINGS.

 

Late Business News From Michigan’s
Metropolis.

A plan for the consolidation of deliv-
ery services of Detroit stores, to go
into operation Jan. 2, was announced
Saturday by Charles E. Boyd, secre-
tary of the Retail Merchants’ Associa-
tion of the Detroit Board of Com-
merce.

Under the new plan, stores which
enter into the proposed agreement will
clear packages for delivery daily at a
common warehouse, from which all
packages for a common destination
will be delivered at one time. A 24
hour service for Detroit and 25 mile
circle surrounding is promised.

This arrangement will assure greater
economy for the retailer, the coverage
of a larger territory by delivery ser-
vice, and a better-trained personnel
than is now the case, Mr. Boyd said.

“Fifteen or twenty stores will sub-
scribe to the service at its sart,’’ he
said, “and indications are that the
number will increase rapidly as soon as
the plan is actually in operation. At
the end of six months we expect to
have over 100 stores using the com-
mon delivery.

“The present delivery personnel of
the contracting stores will be taken
over by the new organization. Though
the number of retail delivery trucks on
Detroit streets will be almost halved,
we expect to be able to keep most of
the personnel, due to a necessary in-
crease in the sorting and clearing
staffs.

The speed of delivery service will
remain on its present level under the
new arrangement, Mr. Boyd said, with
24 hour service as a general thing, and
special deliveries when necessary.

Many outlying communities, such as
Ann Arbor and the Lake St. Clair
summer resorts, will receive service
which is not now available to them.

Dame rumor, with her most con-
fident smile, has settled upon the de-
tails of the new ford, In the continued
absence of any break in the company’s
silence, she is unabashed in her state-
ment that the new car will have a
three inch increase in wheelbase, to
106 inches; that it will continue to be
a four with a larger, roomier body, and
have smaller wheels and tires of larger
cross section, With less certitude,
mention is made of the likelihood of
free-wheeling.

Although the power plant of the
new car will be a four cylinder engine,
it will be suspended in such a fashion
that the normal vibrations of this type
of motor will be entirely absorbed be-
fore they reach the frame of the car.
All talk of a ford six or eight has van-
ished as the time comes for a show-
down of the new model, which is as-
sumed to be definitely set for either
Dec. 31 or Jan. 1.

With the specifications of the new
model ford taken for granted, chief in-
terest in Detroit now centers in the
matter of its price. That ford will go
along with the rest of the industry in
the program of offering greater value
at lower price is nowhere questioned.
The extent to which he will go, how-
ever, is the subject of the extreme
curiosity.

Four new cars, the offerings of man-

ufacturers who operate in three differ-
ent price classes and who offer a con-
siderable variety in the way of chassis
models, will make their formal appear-
ance within the next two weeks, One
of these is scheduled for introduction
within the next week unless present
plans go amiss. The other three will
have a simultaneous debut just before
the middle of the month.

The extent to which free-wheeling
will leave the optional class to become
standard equipment on the 1932 models
will be more impressive than many are
anticipating, according to recently un-
earthed evidence. One of the com-
panies about to announce its new cars
has been offering optional transmis-
sions since last Spring. It is expected
to change over and make this feature
standard equipment at the time its new
lines appear. In doing so, it will es-
tablish a fashion that the majority are
expected to follow.

If any of the machinery now turning
in the motor car factories in Detroit
is grinding out 1931 models, it is en-
tirely contrary to the general opinion.
Most of the activity frankly is devoted
to advance production and the effect
upon employment is decidedly whole-
some. Generally speaking, each fac-
tory has adopted the policy of spread-
ing its work among as many of its
regular employes as possible.

The favorable employment situation,
incidentally, is expected to continue
through the worst of the ‘Winter
months. ‘Without piling up heavy
stocks in the hands of dealers, the
manufacturers expect to keep fairly
active production schedules going un-
til the end of February at least. ‘By
that time, they will have a good line
on the business prospects for 1932, es-
pecially for the Spring, which is ex-
pected to release a considerable vol-
ume of deferred replacement buying.

—_+-+ 2. ___
Lansing Man To Conduct Hotel in
Detroit.

Lansing, Dec. 1—E. S. Richardson,
for years proprietor of the Kerns Ho-
tel, took over management of the Wol-
verine ‘Hotel, Detroit, Monday morn-
ing. Mr. Richardson left the local ho-
tel some months ago when William G.
Kerns assumed management of the
hostelry which ‘Mr, ‘Richardson had

leased from him,

Leaving Lansing with ‘Mr. Richard-
son is R. J. Murray, his son-in-law,
who goes Tuesday to assume a re-
sponsible position in the same hotel.
The Wolverine ‘Hotel; one of the best
known in Detroit, is located at Eliza-
beth and Witherell streets. It is about
ten years old. It passed into the hands
of a receiver recently and Mr. Rich-
ardson is acting for the trust company
handling the property.

—_—+-+ 2
Nine New Readers of the Tradesman.
The following new subscribers have
been received during the past week:
Mrs. E. Swaverly, Kalkaska.
Raymond & Wisner, Blanchard.
Toledo Plate & Window Glass Co.,
Grand Rapids.
John Kramer, Lamont.
L. R. Audrain, Muskegon.
F. P. Gillespie, St. Joseph.
B. A. Chamberlain, Big Rapids.
Lehman Hunt, Pontiac.
Minor ‘Walton Bean Co., Grand
Rapids.

—__+-—__
If you want to enjoy doing a#thing,

do it because you want to, not because

you have to,

a ee ISA SSI ae Tafa aa

 

 

Michigan :
Canned Goods | |

For e i
Michigan People | 7

During fifty years of service to the public Pt
as lumbermen we built up a reputation for a
high quality products which gave us a oS
National reputation. We found it paid
well to make quality lumber.

When our lumber industry ended we de-
cided to engage in the canning of fruits and
vegetables because we have every reason
to believe that we have a location where
climate and soil conditions are exception-
ally favorable for the production of high
grade products. We have received splen-
did co-operation at the hands of our farmer
friends who cheerfully entered into the
spirit of our ambition to produce high
grade goods, put up under ideal condi-
tions. We have always placed great stress
on cleanliness and attractiveness, as well
as quality, and the result is away beyond
our expectations. We have found both
the grocery trade and the consumer will-
ing to pay a little extra for extra quality.

We solicit orders for sample cases of our
goods from any well-rated retail grocer
who does not find our products are
handled by his jobber. We make two
factory brands — Lake Charlevoix and
Jordan — both identical as to quality.

East Jordan |
Canning Co.

East Jordan, Mich.

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 25

A House With A History

 

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1873-1931 — Fifty-Eight Years of Successful Service
to the Drug Trade of Michigan

GAWLO

We enjoy the courtesy of more visiting buyers than
any other Drug House in this part of the country

GAWLO

HAZELTINE & PERKINS DRUG COMPANY

Grand Rapids MICHIGAN Manistee

 

 

 

 

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26

MENACE OF PRICE-CUTTING.

 

Becoming More Threatening and Fla-
grant Every Day.

No one will deny aman the right to
double up his fists, but if in swinging
his fists around, he should strike an-
other man in the face, with or without
due provocation, the second party
would have something to say about the
matter, to say the least.

No one will deny a man the right to
throw a ball or a stone out in the open
so far as he is able to throw it. But
if in throwing a ball or a stone he
should break another man’s window or
otherwise do him harm or damage he
would be liable under the law.

Many acts, then, which are innocent
and harmless in themselves may ‘be-
come harmful and unlawful when they
exceed the rights of an individual, tres-
pass upon another man’s rights, or do
harm or damage to another, or to so-
ciety.

No one will deny a merchant the
right to sell his goods for any price he
may want to sell them for, or that he
is able to get for them; he can as a
matter of fact give his goods away if
he wants to. In a broad sense the
right to fix one’s price is lawful and
unquestioned,

But the U. S. Supreme Court, in the
case of the U. S. vs. Sears, Roebuck &
Co., has ruled that while price-cutting
is not illegal in itself, it becomes un-
lawful when accompanied by false
representations,

In another case, that of the U. S. vs.
Central-West Publishing Co., the same
court ruled that price-cutting is un-
lawful when resorted to for 'the purpose
and with the intent of injuring or de-
stroying the business of a competitor,
or where the effect tends to lessen
competition and ito create a monopoly.

The Federal Trade Commission re-
cently makes price-cutting unlawful if it
comes within the following provision:

The selling of goods below cost with
the intent and with the effect of injur-
ing a competitor and where the effect
may be substantially to lessen com-
petition or tend to create a monopoly
or to unreasonably restrain trade is an
unfair trade practice.

All price-cutting, therefore, does not
stand upon the same legal footing. It
makes a big difference what the intent
and effect of the price-cutting is;
whether iit is simply occasional and in-
cidental in the operation of a business;
whether iit is a settled policy in order
to lessen or ‘to kill off competition; or
whether the intent and effect is to in-
jure or destroy the business of a com-
petitor or to create a monopoly.

If, then, such is the law, the question
naturally arises as to why it is not more
generally enforced. Certainly there
have been abundant instances where
merchants have been forced out of
business through the ruinous price-
cutting competition of larger and better
financed rival concerns. A_ general
policy of price-cutting does tend to
lessen competition. It is said to be
one of the greatest weapons tending to
monopoly that there is.

Well, the answer, in part at least, is
an interesting one. The reason why
there has not been greater results ob-
tained in the efforts made to halt and
curb unfair and ruinous price-cutting,

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

and the reason why price-cutting is a
greater evil and menace to-day than
ever before, seems to be simply this,
that the law upon which the quoted de-
cisions rest is the Federal law—and
because the great bulk of price-cutting
pertains to goods that are in intra-
state commerce, and not within the
jurisdction or authority of the Federal
courts.

The provisions of the Federal law
apply to cases where the goods affect-
ed are in interstate commerce. When
are goods in interstate commerce? “In-
terstate commerce has been defined by
the courts as goods coming in from
another state or foreign country and
remaining in the original unbroken
package. After the first sale is made
by the importer following the arrival

 

wholesaler or manufacturer, checked
off, and the separate items distributed
about the shelves of his store, that
these separate items were thereby
taken out of interstate commerce, and
made subject exclusively to the laws of
this state.

Goods manufactured within the state,
or otherwise originating within the
state and sold ito Michigan merchants
are also clearly within the jurisdiction
of the state.

From this it will be readily seen that
the great bulk of pricing and selling at
retail are matters that are wholly out-
side of Federal control, under our
scheme of government. In the absence
of state legislation regulating and con-
trolling modern methods of merchan-
dising, the door is left wide open there-

Montague W. Ripley.

of the goods within the state and the
breakage of the original package the
goods become subject to state control
when they pass into intrastate com-
merce,’

The transportation of goods from
without the state and their sale in the
original unbroken package or packages
in which they came into the state are,
therefore, matters clearly within the
jurisdiction of the Federal law.

The transit of a miscellaneous in-
voice of goods, from without the state
like a bill of drugs from a Chicago
wholesaler, is also clearly a matter of
interstate commerce. But such an in-
voice is not usually sold except by
separate items. The courts would
probably thold that as soon as an in-
voice of drugs was received by a Mich-
igan druggist from an out-of-state

fore to just such evils and abuses as
has brought present day retailing into
disrepute.

When Congress passed the Sherman
Anti-trust act, the Clayton act, the
Federal Trade Commission act and
other legislation aimed at the curbing
of monopoly and to prevent discrim-
inations and unfair restraint in trade
and to promote and foster free and
open competition, the Nation hailed
these measures as great pieces of pro-
gressive legislation. There is no ques-
tion but what they were necessary and
that they have proved salutary and
beneficial. But after passing this legis-
lation, the people seemed to have sat
back in their easy chairs, and thought
that the whole job was done; forgetting
that the Federal law applies only to
interstate commerce, and that each

Forty-eighth Anniversary

state has just as grave a duty and re-
sponsibility with respect to intra-
state commerce,

If these Federal acts are good law,
and who will say that they are not,
then there is a grave and a vital need
that each state shall supplement the
Federal law in these matters by plac-
ing upon its statute books legisla-
tion that will give to its citizens the
same protection with respect to trans-
actions which are entirely within the
regulation and control of the state, as
Congress has done with respect to mat-
ters of interstate commerce.

The state has the right and the duty
to regulate and control commerce that
is entirely intra-state. The state with-
in its field and limitations is just as
constitutionally and morally obligated
to restrain unfair trade practices, to
curb’ and mitigate the dangers of
monopoly, and to promote, foster and
encourage high standards of merchan-
dising, as the Nation is obligated in
its jurisdiction.

The state is, therefore, constitution-
ally and morally obligated to purge
merchandising of the evils that ‘have
made it the precarious, uncertain and
demoralized thing that it is to-day and
to restore retailing to a higher ethical
plane.

The menace of price-cutting is be-
coming more threatening and flagrant
every day. The harm that it is doing
is incalculable. The tendency towards
a monopoly in the selling and distribu-
tion of the things that sustain life, and
that make living comfortable, is becom-
ing more formidable and imminent.
The public welfare requires that this
tendency be halted, that sound and
businesslike marketing be restored to
the people, and that predatory, fraudu-
lent and ruinous price-cutting be out-
lawed,

Our National trade leaders are learn-
ing, and passing the word on to us,
that in order that the Federal laws
against price discriminations, against
unfair trade practices and unreasonable
restraints of trade, may ‘be wholly ef-
fective, and apply to all questionable
transactions, that they must be supple-
mented ‘by state legislation to cover
transgressions within intra-state com-
merce. In fact, it would appear as if
the necessity for state legislation -is
even of greater importance, because of
the larger field to be covered, than was
the necessity for the Federal laws.

One of the vital needs, therefore, in
the way of corrective legislation, so
far as modern retailing within the state
is concerned, is that of a specific
statute upon our state law books which
will define price-cutting as being un-
lawful when accompanied by fraudulent
representations or where it applies to
goods sold at a cut-price, or below
cost with the intent or effect to sub-
stantially lessen competition; or to in-
jure or destroy the business of a com-
petitor, to unreasonably restrain trade
or to tend to create a monopoly.

Montague W.. Ripley.
—_>2>___

Whoever yields. to temptation de-
bases himself with a debasement from
which he can never rise. A man can
be wronged and live; but the unre-
stricted, unchecked impulse to do
wrong is the first and second death.—
Horace Mann.

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 27

 

This COFFEE
of COFFEES

is outstanding in coffee sales be-
cause Hills Bros. have a continuous
and carefully planned program of

advertising and merchandising...

 

 

28

HALF CENTURY IN FRUITS.

 

Marvelous Development in Horticul-
ture and Pomology.

When Father Marquette and his as-
sociate religionists paddled their way
around our beautiful peninsula planting
the ‘seed of the Word” and incidental-
ly dropping pear and apple seeds at
Monroe, Detroit, Saginaw, Mackinaw,
Ludington, St. Joseph and other points,
there was something of prophecy in
this simple distribution of fruit seeds.
The marvelous development of fruit
culture in our ‘State by amateur and
commercial growers has developed in
a wonderful way the index written by
the French fathers. Cadillac’s papers,
so carefully preserved in the govern-
ment records of France and copied in-
to the historic records of Michigan,

‘indicate his view of the possibilities of

the Peninsular (State along pomological
lines. He dwells particularly upon the
wide range of wild fruits to be found
in this peninsula and speaks intelligent-
ly about the possibilities indicated in
the native fruits which he found scat-
tered through the woodlands and along
the stream borders of what we know
as the State of ‘Michigan.

George Parmerlee in the ’60’s, at St.
Joseph, ripened figs in the open, and
after a careful study of the climatic
conditions incident to lake protection,
he decided that the possibilities of the
Northern part of our State in fruit
growing were equal to those of St.
Joseph, He shifted his habitat to the
Grand Traverse peninsula and started
his fruit farm at the tip of the Old
Mission peninsula. The outcome of
that venture anda similar one by
Judge Ramsdell, near Traverse ‘City,
expresses a warrant for their prophetic
instincts. Mr. Parmerlee believed in
publicity. He allowed himself to be
interviewed at every available oppor-
tunity about the possibilities of North-
ern Michigan in the growing of fruits.
About 1870 he sent a barrel of beauti-
ful Grand Traverse apples to Queen
Victoria and the fact was proclaimed
throughout the country. The gracious
rejoinder of the sovereign in accept-
ance of the gift was a splendid piece of
publicity for Michigan horticulture.

I was born on the Menominee River,
near the city of Milwaukee, and as a
school boy was fortunate in having
teachers who appreciated the value of
the outdoors and connected with book
education a knowledge of the features
of the countryside. We had excursions
along the banks of the Menominee and
gathered strawberries, gooseberries and
wild currants and plums and, as I recall
them, some of the varieties were of
high quality and great beauty. Still
we did not have the high quality of
apples grown in New York, whence
our family migrated to ‘Wisconsin, and
when Grandfather's barrel of apples
came from Batavia and was opened,
the beauty and fragrance made such an
impression upon me that to this day
I can recall them with joy. We never
expected to be able to grow apples of
quality in Wisconsin, My father had
planted some of the varieties that were
popular in Western New York, and
they winter-killed, so that the pos-
sibilities of fruit culture, in spite of the
wild fruits we found upon the river
bottoms, seemed to be greatly limited.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Yet to-day Wisconsin has developed a
wonderful range of excellent varieties
and in some branches of pomology has
made an enviable record.

(My early acquaintance with people
who had migrated to Minnesota indi-
cated that they had no expectation of
any development of fruit culture, aside
possibly from small fruits, which
would satisfy the desires of the people,
and they expected to depend upon
other parts of the country for their
table fruits. Yet I recall with the
keenest pleasure the wonderful exhibit
in Philadelphia of the Wealthy apple,
originated in Minnesota and exhibited

in a sumptuous way at the meeting of

the American Pomological ‘Society
about 1880. The fifty years succeed-
ing that time have shown that Minne-

region before the meeting in 1881 in
Grand Rapids. During the week of
this notable meeting they had a chance
to “gad about” among the orchards
and vineyards and were astonished at
our accomplishments, A year or two
later, at a meeting of this society in
Boston, Michigan made a notable dis-
play of fruits and received the highest
award, The most distinguishing fea-
ture of that exhibit was a map of the
State, showing that we commercially
grew peaches successfully on a paral-
lel with the Northern border of New
Hampshire and Vermont.

The more recent development of
cherry growing in (Michigan and Wis-
consin as a commercial crop is an ex-
hibit of the prophetic instincts of our
early fruit growers who promoted the

 

Charles W. Garfield.

sota can grow a wide range of sumptu-
ous fruits and her exhibits at various
great conventions have been a credit
to the state.

The states of the (Middle West have
through wise publicity become notable
for the growing of a wide range of
horticultural products of beauty and
quality. The matter of publicity, wise-
ly indulged in, has been of great value
in the awakening of an interest in fruit
growing throughout this productive
area. Ahe American Pomological So-
ciety was organized in 1848, and up to
1880 had never had a meeting West of
New York. Those wonderful men who
organized that society in New Eng-
land and who fostered its objectives
for many years thereafter, had little
knowledge of the possibilities of our

possibilities of these states at the great
international expositions. The oppor-
tunities given ‘by the American Pomo-
logical Society for a gathering of scien-
tific material, in its application to
progressive pomology, gave definite-
ness to the gradual knowledge acquir-
ed of the relation of varieties to habi-
tat and soil, and stimulated through
the offering of prizes the exhibit of a
wide range of varieties of fruits and a
dissemination of knowledge with re-
gard to them. The work of this or-
ganization and collateral state societies
was attached to scientific development,
rather than the promotion of market
ideals. This scientific investigation
was later-taken on by the Experiment
Stations and the bulletins issued by
these stations supplemented the splen-

Forty-eighth Anniversary

did reports of the fruit growing organ-
izations throughout the country. I
read with deep interest the discussions
of those days which were disseminated
through literature that reached thous-
ands of people interested in fruit grow-
ing because the thought of making
money out of the growing of fruits
seemed to be subsidiary to the satis-
factions which came from knowledge
acquired and the origination of new
and better varieties.

The exhibit of horticultural products
at the Centennial exposition in Phila-
delphia was followed by other great
international displays of fruits and
vegetables at Chicago, New Orleans,
St. Louis and Buffalo; and these won-
derful exhibits gave an impetus to
fruit growing throughout the country
which could hardly have been secured
in any other way. I recall with pleas-
ure the exhibit of fruits at New Or-
leans under the auspices of the Mis-
sissippi Valley Horticultural Society,
Secause it was there for the first time
that citrus products of California and
Florida came into direct competition
and the grapefruit of Florida had its
first innings. I was present at a great
exhibition in which for the first time
the Wealthy apple was shown from
Minnesota and again when the Kiefer
pear was promoted at a great gather-
ing in Philadelphia. These oppor-
tunities to bring before the people new
varieties and their adaptation to cer-
tain localities was the prefatory work
which led to emphasizing the market
value of this knowledge and the mag-
nifying of the market idea, until now,
most of these state and National or-
ganizations in their deliberations
scarcely get outside of the market
problems. However, the work of ex-
perimentation is carried on so admir-
ably by the experiment stations that
the findings in the two directions are
supplementary and there may be a
real gain in this differentiation,

Still, I cannot help but regret once
in a while that our fruit growers’
meetings do not have as an inetgral
part of their deliberations the satisfy-
ing of the amateur growers with in-
formation that shall be helpful in
bringing about homes the most desir-
able varieties of fruits for the satisfac-
tion of families, We have dealt with
the market idea, I sometimes think,
too narrowly by emphasizing the
monetary margins with a loss to the
adaptation of quality to the best mar-
ket needs. We have been organizing
along special lines so wonderfully that,
instead of having beautiful well-round-
ed programs covering the field of
horticulture in any of our state and
National societies, we have apple socie-
ties, grape societies, carnation socie-
ties, lettuce organizations, and each
specialty seems to prefer going alone
rather than becoming a part of the as-
sociations which cover the entire field
of horticulture.

The organization of local garden
clubs in which people in urban life
take an interest has helped out a good
deal, but to the all around horticul-
turist who enjoys the full range of
work accomplishing in the profession,
we have nothing to take the place of
Serer Fs
ae a ote of associations

eld of horticulture.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 29

 

 

 

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PETOSKEY MICH.

 

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at

30

It is vital to the best interests of a
progressive horticulture to have a tol-
erant and benevolent attitude to those
who differ from us in their ideals. The
commercial grower should be _ suffi-
ciently amateurish to find in some
nook and corner of his domain a place
for the delicate creations in fruits,
flowers and vegetables, which have no
real market qualities. In fruits, for in-
stance, the commercial grower de-
mands such _ varieties as Baldwins,
Northern Spies, Jonathans, Wagners
and McIntosh; ‘but if he finds a place
for a few trees of such varieties as the
Shiawassee, the Maiden Blush, Nor-
ton’s Melon, Rambo and Neverfail, he
will learn very soon that the women
folks and the children will get their
keenest pleasure in patronizing these
trees. He cannot put the products on
the market and sell them, but there-is
a thhome market which appreciates
these treasures in the fruit domain; and
he must be sufficiently mellow in his
attitude toward those who are fond of
these varieties to give some attention
to their growth and their home values.

This thought applies just as truly to
flowers and vegetables as to fruits,
and it is worth the while for the lovers
of the finer products of horticulture,
while they are enjoying these treasured
selections, to lay up in connection with
the recollections that when vision is
supplanted by reminiscence, delights
will be added to the pleasures of life
that are of inestimable value.

On the other hand, these people in
the amateur class that emphasize deli-
cacy of texture and aromatic qualities
of fruit must engender an appreciation
of the market side, for we must all get
a living, and the acquirement of a
livelihood in the field of pomology and
horticulture has in it satisfactions
which can hardly be duplicated in any
other field of endeavor. The com-
mercial grower must consider quali-
ties which will resist the exigencies of
transportation and qualities that will
appeal to the eye as well as to the
taste. He must have in ‘his mind the
making of a living, and he cannot
waste his efforts upon sentiment. It
must be in the minds of those who are
inclined to put strong emphasis upon
the qualities which appeal to individual
taste that there are people engaged in
commercial fruit growing who must
have other characteristics in mind
which will make profitable their efforts
in the development of fruits.

After all, if we are right minded, we
are seeking the same objective—use-
fulness and happiness. And as con-
sumers, as amateurs, as professional
market growers, we must yield a good
deal to each other, and in our discus-
sions and plans for activities work
together and deal kindly with each
other’s views, incorporating in our
management a catholic spirit toward
each other and a united desire to get
the best we know how out of the prod-
ucts of horticulture and give to the
world the best we can grow, appreciat-
ing that ‘happiness is a treasure bound
up in success, and success must not
always be measured by the dollar
sign,

Hear ye! Hear ye! The court of
Horticulture is now in session! Listen
to the gospel and the findings in “the

MICHIGAN

art that does love nature; but change
it rather, the art itself is nature.”
Charles 'W. Garfield.
——_+++____
Use of Store Equipment After Rejec-
tion Is Acceptance.

Where a merchant buys store equip-
ment, and for any reason it is not sat-
isfactory, his right to cancel the con-
tract and return the goods will depend
upon the nature of ‘his contract. But,
granting that such a buyer has good
ground for canceling the contract, and
takes this action, unless he stands
squarely on it his action in this respect
may not save him from liability.

In other words, the continued use of
equipment after the contract for its
purchase has been rescinded, may of
itself constitute an acceptance that
binds the merchant to pay. The fore-
going rule of law is one of great im-
portance to business men in general,
and should never be overlooked in
situations of this kind. ‘For illustration.

In one case of this kind, a merchant
bought certain store equipment which
included a book-keeping machine. The
order for the goods was given through
a traveling salesman who represented
the goods as being suitable for the
merchant’s business. ‘The merchant
paid a certain amount down, and upon
receipt of the equipment found it was
not what he wanted and was not adapt-
ed ‘to his purpose.

Upon making this discovery, the
merchant notified the seller that the
equipment would not serve, and re-
scinded the contract. The seller paid
no attention to this notice. The mer-
chant after a few days wrote again,
tendered the goods back and requested
the return of the money that had been
paid on tthe contract. The seller did
not reply, and the transaction remain-
ed in this state for about four months.
And now we come to the vital part of
the case.

From the facts in the case there is
little doubt but what the merchant had
the legal right to rescind the contract,
and recover back what he had paid, if
he had made his notice of rescission
good by setting the equipment aside
subject to the order of the seller. But
he did nothing of the kind, and con-
tinued to use the equipment in his busi-
ness every day as though he intended
to keep it.

In due time, the seller demanded
payment, The merchant then set up
the fact that he had rejected the goods,
refused to pay and demanded the re-
turn of what had been paid. The
seller filed suit, and took the ground
that since the merchant had continued
to use the equipment after rejection
such action amounted to an accept-
ance. In upholding this contention the
court reasoned as follows:

“Although the merchant notified the
seller that the equipment was not the
equipment agreed to be sold, and offer-
ed to send it back, nevertheless the
merchant thereafter used the equip-
ment as his own in his business.
Hence. although the merchant may
have in the first instance given proper
notice of rescission, he did not adhere
thereto.

“The merchant’s continued use of
the equipment as his own in his busi-
ness for some four months after he had
learned the true facts would operate as

TRADESMAN

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

C.W. MILLS Paper Co.

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1 Block South and | Block West of Union Station
GRAND RAPIDS MICHIGAN

 

 

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Forty-eighth A nniversary

an acceptance of the equipment, as a
compliance with 'the contract, and fatal
to the right to rescind, even though
notice of rescission had been given
previously. The notice of rescission
must not only be promptly given, but
such rescission must be adhered to in
order to bind the parties; otherwise
the acts (of continued use) being in-
consistent with any intention of avoid-
ance would have the effect of an elec-
tion to affirm the agreement.”

In accordance with the foregoing
line of reasoning, the court held the
merchant liable under the contract for
the purchase of the equipment. Taking
the position that despite his rejection
of the goods, and his rescission of the
contract, ‘his continued use thereafter
of the equipment rendered him liable
therefor.

The above case constitutes a striking
illustration of the importance of stand-
ing on a rejection of goods, or rescis-
sion of a contract to buy them, when
once made. The rule as announced by
the court in this case is of very wide
application, and quite generally follow-
ed in cases of this kind, regardless of
what may be the subject of purchase,
be it prunes, sealing wax, or machinery.

So, there is just one safe rule to fol-
low where a merchant buys goods and
then discovers that they are not what
he wants or thought he was buying,
and rejects them. And that is to stand
on his rejection, and refrain from mak-
ing any use of the goods in his busi-
ness whatever, until the transaction is
definitely closed and settled.

Leslie Childs.
—--—-+ + >
Sidelights on the Days of Old.

Henry Grinnell acquired title to land
on the Northeast corner of Crescent
street and Monroe avenue, the site of
the old Bronson house, wpon which he
erected a four-story ‘brick building. It
is known at present as one of the Mar-
tin stores. Later he obtained agency
for a number of fire insurance com-
panies which he retained until his
death. Charles L, and Henry L. Grin-
nell, sons, were associated with their
father in the agency, which is now
known as the Grinnell-Row Co, Mr.
Grinnell was a popular gentleman, in-
terested in matters of public import-
ance and politics. As a Democrat, he
was nominated for the office of Sec-
retary of State. Although defeated,
he receved more votes ‘than other can-
didates on the ticket. He always wore
a stovepipe hat, tilted, which gave him
a gallant appearance.

 

William D. Tolford was associated
with a man named Goodrich in the
making of laundry soap a score of
years. Their factory on Ottawa street
is now occupied as a laundry, ‘Tol-
ford was a substantial owner of stock
in the Phoenix Furniture Co., a di-
rector of the City National Bank and
a trustee of the Fountain Street Bap-
tist church. His wife and daughters
were popular in the social activities of
the city.

 

Aaron Dikeman was the pioneer
jeweleryman of Grand Rapids. His
little store was located on Monroe
avenue on a spot at present occupied
by the Pantlind Hotel. He was an ex-
cellent workman who quickly won the

NANI BG ac Ties

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

respect and confidence of the commun-
ity. A son, Edward D, Dikeman,
served the city three times as its mayor
and the general government several
years in the war of the rebellion. He
died in Chicago a few years ago.

 

Albert Preusser opened a stock of
jewelry in Grand ‘Rapids in 1854.
Henry Brinsmade followed with a
stock of the same character a year or
two later. Another who engaged in the
same line of trade was L. S. Hill. Hill
was the inventor of a trolling hook for
fishermen which he manufactured and
sold throughout the country. <A large
business might have resulted but for
the death of Mr. Hill. Preusser’s
father carried on an extensive jewelry
business in Milwaukee during a period
of fifty years.

 

Upwards of eighty years ago, John
W. ‘Squires erected a brick building on
Monroe avenue, near Bridge street.
This ‘building was three stories high.
The first floor contained stores and a
grist mill which was operated by water
power supplied by the East side canal.
On the second floor an amusement hall
was constructed. Seats were rough
boards mounted on platforms rising
from the floor. A stage, an orchestra
pit, and a few pieces of scenery com-
pleted the outfit. Many noted actors
appeared before the public on the little
stage. Edwin Forrest, the greatest
tragedian of his day, played King
Lear, Othello, Jack Cone, Hamlet and
other famous tragedies. Edwin Adams,
Fanny Davenport and other stars of
the theatrical firmament also entertain-
ed people of the little city. Quite fre-
quently their engagements extended
from three days to one week—an ac-
complishment that does not seem pos-
sible in Grand Rapids at present. On
the front of the building in large let-
ters were painted the words—Squire’s
opera house. The building was de-
stroyed by fire about 1885. Henry
Grinnell was associated with ‘Mr.
Squire in the operation of the mill.
Tom Porter was employed as a miller.
He was the father of the late A, B.
Porter— remembered in connection
with the Old National Bank and Mrs.
Charles McConnell, of Big Rapids,

Arthur S, White.
——e 2s —_
The Little Big Thing.

I am a little thing with a big mean-
ing. J] help everybody. [I unlock
doors, open hearts, dispel prejudice. I
create friendship and good will. J in-

spire respect and admiration. Every- _

body loves me. I bore nobody. I
violate no law. I cost nothing. Many
have praised me, none have condemned
me. J am pleasing to those of high
and low degree. [I am useful every
moment of the day—JI am ‘Courtesy.
—+>++____
The Loveliest.

In the lovely round of things
Making up life’s happenings
There are many in the role
Giving joy to heart and soul
But if given me to choose
What portrays the widest bliss
Far above the charming hues
Of an autumn rare as this
Sweeter, too, than daisy fields
Or a robin’s song in May;
Yielding more than fishing yields
Or old Santa with his sleigh
It is when true lovers meet
In their tryst so pure and sweet
That our lips in silent prayer
Lisp a blessing on them there.
Charles A. Heath.

31

 

 

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32

DELIBERATE MENDACITY
Band on Fraud, Falsehood, Deceit and
Chicanery,

It is with considerable impatience
that we feel called upon to undertake
the task of pointing out the inconsist-
ency of the stock company attitude of
parading before the public what is pur-
ported to be a list of mutual failures.
We recognize that to the man who
looks into the business of insurance as
he does into any other commercial
transaction, a so-called list of failures
means nothing. What he wants to
know is the record and present stand-
ing of the company he is dealing with
at the moment. He would not be in-
terested in a list of ancient bank fail-
ures which sought ‘to prove that all
banks are unsound. Yet ‘banks have
failed and are failing at a much greater
rate than insurance companies, There
would be no point in setting out the
number of mortgage brokers who
have absconded with their clients’
cash, or how many attorneys have
gone to jail. It would by no means in-
dicate that all mortgages were danger-
ous and all law a joke.

Unfortunately a large percentage of
insurance is bought by people who
know little of its history and nothing
of its financial structure. The whole
thing is regarded as a kind of mys-
tery and is left for friend Jim or Bill
or any casual agent caller to take care
of. It is to these excellent but un-
informed people that a list of supposed
failures appeals as a glaring signal of
danger. ‘Since the word mutual is held
up as being responsible for these fail-
ures, there often is developed a settled
conviction that any insurance desig-
nated as mutual is to be avoided.

These failure lists have taken many
forms from long scrolls to thick bun-
dles of typewritten sheets. The neat-

est one, and by all odds the most

flagrant misrepresentation, has come
from tthe misdirected industry cf the
W. L. Dechert Co., of Harrisonburg,
Virginia, a stock insurance agency.
This is a booklet, called “There Goes
Another Mutual,” and contains a much
garbled list of 1776 mutuals which have
perished, including reciprocals, ex-
changes and co-operative insurance
companies.”

Let us say at the outset for the
benefit of those who may not have time
to read farther, that even if the above
were true, which it is not, the mutuals
would still be nearly twice as substan-
tial by this test as the stock companies
whose record of decrease mounts to
sorry figures, as we shall soon see.

But as to the 1776! The Dechert
fabrication goes back to the beginning
of time and scoops up failures so in-
discriminately that in the list publish-
ed there are actually the names of 35
stock companies besides many recipro-
cals, Lloyds and inter-insurance ex-
changes. To be specific, beside the 35
stock companies there are mentioned
307 reciprocal exchanges, 117 Lloyds,
35 classified by the Spectator as either
Lloyds or inter-insurance, 5 assess-
ment health and accident associations,
1 fraternal, 2 life, 1 underwriters agen-
cy representing stock companies, 8
mutuals listed twice and 8 companies
which have never failed and are still
in business.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Any experienced insurance man
knows that Lloyds, reciprocals and
inter-insurance exchanges — excellent
as they may be—are not _ properly
classed as mutuals. If there are fail-
ures among them they could with as
much logic be put in with stock com-
pany disasters, since their organiza-
tion is so radically different from the
mutual plan that they are no nearer to
the mutuals, than to the stocks. Both
in law and in fact reciprocals comprise
a distinct and separate class of insur-
ance carriers, prefer to be known as
such, and desire therefore to stand on
their own feet. The same can doubt-
less ‘be said of other types of carriers
mentioned.

‘Happily, all stock insurance men are
not purveyors of such deliberate men-
dacity as is contained in the Dechert
booklet. But we are impelled to ask
in amazement how keen, high grade,
stock officials and managers with a
record for good conscience and prob-
ity in their communities can sponsor
the campaign of equivocation and
worse which marks the trail of many
agents and brokers who make contact
with the public, not to mention stock
company house organs and other stock
publications.

There is no business courtesy in
such tactics, nor common sense. The
motto of ‘business service clubs
throughout the world is “Don’t knock,
but boost the other fellow.” But hosts
of stock insurance men, members of
these organizations, go immediately
from their good fellowship dinners out
into business life and tell the most out-
rageous untruths about the mutuals
and then chuckle as if their action were
the epitome of virtue. Insurance in
general before the high tribunal of the
National ‘Convention of Insurance
Commissioners has of late shown signs
of needing a thorough housecleaning
with special respect to high acquisition
costs and unfair competition, together
with rate cutting and its consequent
unfair discriminatory treatment of
policyholders. Perhaps, after all, the
best means of making sure that mis-
representation will be finally done
away with would be to give these mal-
adroit stock enthusiasts a little more
rope and they will soon find them-
selves entangled in their own duplicity.

We realize that such words are hard
but they are deserved because unfair
competition confuses the public and
damages the good name of insurance
in general to a greater degree than it
hurts any particular class of carriers.
There is no disposition on the part of
the mutuals to question the reliability,
efficiency and value of stock insurance
on its better levels. ‘Time after time
we have expressed the opinion that
there is ‘business enough for all honest
companies if the energy now put into
controversy were used instead for pro-
motion of insurance as a universal
need.

Certainly the stock companies have
plenty of skeletons in their closets if
one wished to drag them forth. The
Tradesman for years looked with
amusement at the ludicrous efforts of
stock companies to stem the tide of
mutual insurance, until within recent
months the tactics of the stock press
and booklets like the Dechert effusion
became so violently unethical that their

propaganda could no longer be ig-
nored,

The Tradesman some months ago
set out quietly and thoroughly to in-
vestigate the matter of stock company
failures, with astonishing results as
revealed below. We found that the
stock company closets reeked with
bones.

Out of some 1887 stock companies
which have been organized in this
country, approximately 1254 have re-
tired, leaving a survival percentage of
only 34 per cent. We have in our of-
fices a card for each of the 1254 stock
companies showing when organized,
when retired and the source of the in-
formation tabulated. The Dechert Co.
and all stockdom are hereby challenged
to show any reliable source of infor-
mation for the major part of their list
published. If that list had been com-
piled with honest care the names of
35 stock companies would not ‘have
appeared; and the hundreds of non-
mutuals would not have been included.

Yet for the sake of the argument
admit for the moment all the 1776 al-
leged mutual failures. Balance this
padded list against the number of mu-
tuals organized and we have a survival
percentage of 59 per cent—and we
maintain if the list were cleared of all
but authentic companies the mutuals
could show wearing qualities to 67 per
cent, perfect. ‘The real situation is
this, however, that the best we can
get out of the stock company list are
1251 mutuals, and even that number is
arrived at after conceding over one
hundred companies impossible to
classify from the records available.

Thus the most that the stock com-
panies have been able to show in the
way of mutual retirements are 1251.
These added to the 2509 mutuals now
operating makes a total of 3760 mu-
tuals organized to date.

Therefore, it may easily be seen that
only 33% per cent. of the mutuals have
retired from the field in comparison
with 6614 of the stock carriers. ‘Stated
in another way the survival percentage
of mutual carriers is 6634 and of stock
carriers 34 per cent.

If we should follow the opposition’s
argument that mutual failures make
mutual insurance dangerous, what a
sorry spectacle indeed is presented by
the stock companies’ paltry 34 per
cent. with vitality enough to live. Then
according to the stocks’ own conten-
tion all insurance and particularly their
brand is useless hokum and a drain on
the Nation’s resources,

‘We have used extreme care in mak-
ing up our list of stock company re-
tirements, taking the actual names
from publications of A. ‘M. Best & Co.,
the Spectator Co., and the records of
the insurance departments of various
states. No effort ‘has been spared in
checking and rechecking to establish,
if possible, entire accuracy, which un-
doubtedly was not done in the case of
the Dechert list.

It may be said parenthetically that
we ‘believe when all is said and done
few mutual policyholders have actually
lost any money by any of the 1776
alleged failures, and probably just as
few stock policyholders have lost by
stock failures, because reinsurance and
amalgamations have in general taken
care of such situations. Which again

Forty-eighth Anniversary

goes to show that the propaganda
policy of certain stock groups is not
to disseminate the truth, but to blind
the eyes of the public in an effort to
conceal the quality of the mutuals.

Thus the list is ready for the per-
usal of all who may care to run it
through. But as said in the begin-
ning, such lists either of stock com-
panies or mutuals prove little or noth-
ing about relative merits of these two
great branches of insurance. The real
proof is in comparison of financial
stability, sound conservative manage-
ment, and superior service and econ-
omy of cost to the policyholder. In
all of these counts the mutuals win.
The stock company outfit may claim
superiority in the number and vehem-
ence of the fallacies they utter in a
frantic scramble for business, but will
that help them any when the public
finds it out?

In the meantime it is well to re-
member that alongside of the phrase,
“There Goes Another Mutual,” should
be printed “There Go Two Stock
Companies.”

-—___»+»—__
Conserving Teeth For Old Age By
Early Care.

In the good old days the general im-
pression of a dentist was a pleasant
man with a large pair of forceps yank-
ing for dear life at a ttooth in one’s jaw
and thus causing much temporary
misery. And it must be confessed that
dentistry, like medicine, has made
marvelous strides since those times of

30 or more years ago.

However, with all the progress that
has been made in ‘the practice of
dentistry, the fact remains that fre-
quently because of inexcusable neglect,
and sometimes in spite of due care,
teeth must come out. That local
anasthetics have removed the suffer-
ing connected with extraction is a
pleasant thing ito contemplate when
faced with this unfortunate situation.

Be that as it may, it can be stated
as a general fact that if the baby
teeth thave been properly cared for
and nourished, and if added to that,
the permanent ones have received con-
stant attention, the need of extraction,
theoretically at least, should not arise.
Nevertheless, in view of the imposi-
tions of modern life, particularly in
the over-use of soft foods and sweets,
decay and infection will sometimes set
in despite a conscientious personal
mouth hygiene program.

Whether or not the tooth should be
sacrificed, sometimes becomes a mixed
problem for the doctor and the dentist
to solve. Frequently, the dentist can
make the decision himself. However,
it is suggested that before anyone sub-
mits to a radical tooth-pulling opera-
tion (involving several teeth) a check
on the advice should be sought. Inas-
much as teeth are essential to healthy
life, and each. tooth has its particular
duty to perform, there should be good
and sufficient reason for extracting
them. If one is shown that the con-
tinued possession of a tooth will or
may injure health—then let it go. It
will be a good riddance.

The point being emphasized is not to
under-value teeth. Fight against ex-
traction unless sufficient proof of the
necessity of this operation is offered.

 

 

- e |

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

 

ny

 

 

Murray BuiILDIne

CONGRATULATIONS, MR. STOWE

Blue pencil the superfluous, and the story of
success is simple. It can be written in a single
phrase . . . the strength of spirit that unceas-

ingly strives to serve.

That, we believe, is the story that explains the
TRADESMAN’S success. Pioneered and pub-
lished by a man who has always been “‘frank,
free and fearless for the good he could do’, the
publication has inevitably progressed and pros-
pered. Its power for good has grown in pro-

portion to its opportunity to serve.

We congratulate Mr. E. A. Stowe upon the
anniversary of his 48th year at the helm of
Michigan’s leading trade weekly. And we
heartily wish for him a long continuance of
that sincerity and strength which have enabled
him to serve Michigan merchants so usefully

and consistently in the past.

JOHN L. LYNCH SALES COMPANY

Granp Rapips, MICHIGAN

An organization that has specialized for more than a quarter of a century in conducting

special sales.

 

 

 

 

 

 

F
e
©
AS
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|

 

34

Some of the Topography of Early
Grand Rapids,

A charter for the city of Grand
Rapids was enacted in 1850 by the
State Legislature. The aldermen chosen
under the terms of the enactment look-
ed about for opportunities to make
improvements territorily. | Waterloo
was vacant between Lyon street and
Pearl. One parcel was owned by
William T. Powers—the second by
Ransome C. Luce. It was deemed wise
to connect Bond and Waterloo—at
present Market—avenues and create
thereon a thoroughfare. Proceedings
for that purpose were instituted in the
court and in the course of time the
extension of Bond avenu to Monroe
street was declared a necessary public
improvement. Neither Luce nor Pow-
ers favored the improvement. In 1872
Powers erected the first theater build-
ing in the city on his section of the
territory, while Luce sold his Monroe
street frontage and erected a small
building on Pearl street. The city has
never explained its failure to take pos-
session of the property. Proceedings
were instituted for opening Ottawa
extension of Bond avenue to Monroe
streets. It was necessary to cut Pros-
pect Hill about twenty-five feet in or-
der to conform to the Monroe street
elevation. The grades of Pearl, Lyon
and Fountain streets were also reduced
to the level of Ottawa avenue. Pros-
pect Hill was composed of hard clay
and expense of reducing the street
grades amounted to a _ considerable
sum. Residences of Wilder D. Foster,
William T. Powers, Julius Houseman,
Daniel Ball, Amos’ Roberts, Dr.
Charles Shepard and other prominent
citizens were located on Prospect Hill,
which covered a larger area than many
people suppose. Its boundaries were
Monroe avenue, Division avenue and
Lyon street; practically the entire
Campau tract upon which the organ-
ized village stood. Island No. one
divided Grand River at Pearl street,
and two bridges were necessary to
cross the river at that point. The site
of the present postoffice was a deep
swamp which later was filed with earth
taken from Lyon, Ottawa, Pearl and
other streets when they were graded.
The old river bed on the East side was
filled with earth taken from Prospect
Hill when Campau Square was created.

Market avenue and Louis street were
filled with earth from Fountain,
Bridge, Bostwick and other streets
which formed a part of Dexter and
Kendall additions. There were wide
spaces to be filled and fortunately
plenty of material right at hand to fill
them and many thrifty Irish and
Dutchmen were present to do _ the
work. Grand Rapids is really an arti-
ficial city, built upon hills or swamp
lands.

 

A great deal of damage was experi-
enced by the overflow of the river from
time to time. Finally the common
council made an investigation as to
means which might be applied to pre-
vent the annual inundation. C. C. Com-
stock suggested the construction of a
canal from the West end of Ann street
diagonally across the West side to a
point South of John Ball Park. He

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

had not caused an investigation of the
territory, but it was known that much
of it was of a rocky formation and that
the expense of construction of such a
waterway would be very heavy and not
very practical. Finally the plan of the
present flood walls was adopted. An
open ditch had been constructed from
a point of Grand River below Wealthy
street to Leonard street. Its cost was
so great on account of rocky forma-
tions that the contractors were unable
to complete the job and the city author-
ities were compelled to finish the work
with such means as wheel barrows,
picks, shovels, and able-bodied Irish-
men. For a considerable distance the
base of the ditch was solid rock.

 

More than fifty years ago the city

 

the proper course in time to have pre-
vented the mishap.

Experience cannot have failed to
teach any observant pedestrian or
motorist just what are the conditions
which cause the largest number of ac-
cidents, For instance, it is impossible
to believe there is a motorist who does
not know that points at which traffic
streams intersect are dangerous. That
knowledge should be sufficient to make
every motorist especially cautious at
all street or highway intersections.

After the accident which
from his failure to do so, the motorist
says: “If I had only slowed?” It did
not take that accident, however, to
teach him that it is vital to safety to
keep his car under control. The means
of averting the accident was just as

results

The Late Arthur Scott White.

purchased the ground owned at present
by the Michigan Trust Co., for the
purpose of erecting a city hall thereon,
but after plans for building had been
made and submitted to the common
council it was decided that the lots
acquired were too small.
Arthur S. White.

—_+++—__
Motorcar Control as Critical Test of
Good Driving.

Whether there is no such thing as
an unavoidable accident is a point up-
on which the final bit of evidence re-
mains to be collected. ‘Certain things,
however, are reasonably clear. One is
that after the accident the driver usu-
ally can see ways by which it might
have been avoided. In most instances,
had he been alert, he could have seen

 

conspicuous before it happened as
afterward.

So it is with virtually every other
mishap.

The idea of traffic education is to
teach drivers to keep their cars always
under control. Some people are con-
vinced that it is impossible to give a
reasonably terse definition of a good
driver. I would say, however, that
the definition is deserved by the indi-
vidual who keeps this car under con-
trol.

‘The meaning of “control,” of course,
varies. That is where the motorist has
to apply his experience. Take the case
of the ‘if’ in the accident involving
right-of-way. ‘There never would be
such an accident if, calling up the les-
son of experience, every motor vehicle

Forty-eighth Anniversary

operator approached the particular in-
tersection at such a speed that he
could stop before crossing.

The speed at which a car may be
regarded as under the operator’s con-
trol under such cifcumstances cannot
be fixed at a certain number of miles
per hour. On the open highway where
the intersecting roads offer perfect
visibility, it might be 40 miles an hour.
In a congested city, it might be five
miles an hour,

Despite this variation, however,
traffic engineers have developed a
somewhat general definition of “con-
trol” as it applies to automobiles, They
say that a car is completely dominated
by its operator when it can be stopped
within the assured clear distance
ahead.

If motorists could be taught to ap-
ply that definition of “control” during
every moment of their motor car op-
eration, it would tbe possible to abol-
ish not only open highway speed limits
but even those in more congested
areas. Many, however, fail to recog-
nize that there is a difference between
the assured clear distance ahead and
the apparently clear distance. Two
hundred feet of unoccupied space
ahead on an open highway is much
more assured clear distance than the
same area on a city street which is in-
tersected by alleyways, driveways and
cross streets. :

Knowing the conditions that affect
the assured clear distance is a matter
of the driver looking constantly into
his experience, In other words, he
should ask himself the “if” questions
before the accident instead of after it.

Perhaps some accidents are not
avoidable, but a majority of them are.
Too many are due to misjudgments
which would not ‘be made if we were
guided by the evidence which has come
to us through experience.

Harold G. ‘Hoffman.
—_+~+.—___
High Food Value of Oysters in
Balanced Diet.

Oysters afford one of the most
palatable and delectable of foods. It
is a seasonal food which should be
given a great deal more consideration
as an article of diet than it has been
given heretofore,

Any family in the habit of eating
steak or pork with as many as six or
seven meals a week should by all
means substitute oysters or other sea
food, such as fish, at least twice a
week. Oysters contain a fine quality
of protein and therefore make a suit-
able substitute for steak, pork or eggs.

Oysters are rich in iron, in an as-
similable form, which is an essential
mineral needed in the daily diet. Re-
search workers have shown that this
iron found in oysters is valuable in
preventing anemia on the same prin-
ciple that liver is prescribed as a pre-
vention and cure of this condition.
Oysters also contain some _ copper,
which is a mineral also necessary to
the fixation of iron in the blood.

‘The iodin content of oysters is much
higher than that of many other fresh
foods of either vegetable or animal
origin, and as natural iodin is neces-
sary in the normal diet to maintain
good health, this ingredient affords an
additional reason why oysters should
be eaten. Dr. James M, Parrott.

_ Forty-eighth Anniversary

 
   
  
 

  

per annum

W & have said that Gerber sales are
steadily growing for those merchants
who keep the Gerber Products on
display and tie up with the consistent
Gerber advertising program in the
Saturday Evening Post, American,
Delineator, McCall’s, Women’s Home
Companion, Good Housekeeping,
Parents’ Magazine, and _ Better
Homes and Gardens—(5 advertise-
ments for every 4 literate, native-
white families each month).

The consistent consumer demand
developed by this advertising — and
further supported by the consistent
Gerber program in leading medical
journals, has made the Gerber Prod-

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 35

ucts one of the most profitable
specialties of the day.

The retail grocery department of
a prominent New York store sold
1,504 cases of the Gerber Products
in 1980—and for the first 5 months
of 1931 the total has already reached
1,190 cases. At 15c a can, that’s over
$1,800 gross profit last year — and
$1,428 profit for the first 5 months
of the present year.

Keep your own stock of the Gerber
Products complete and well dis-
played. Using only a small unit of
counter space and shelf space — it
should pay you several hundred dol-

lars profit annually.

Write for counter cards, window
cards, or imprinted leaflets that will
help you build your profits on the
Gerber Products.

 

Write for counter display, window display, or imprinted leaflets.
GERBER PRODUCTS DIVISION, Fremont Canning Company, Fremont, Michigan

Mm

TRAINED

7 Kinds
Keep Your Stock Complete

Strained Peas
Strained Prunes
Strained Carrots
Strained Spinach

Strained Tomatoes
Strained Green Beans

 

  

 

for Baby”

 

 

 

 

 

:
i
:

Aap BEET OREM IRE SOR:

 

36

HEALTH BUILDING FOODS.

 

Diet in Adolescence Basis of Adult
Well-being,

All of us desire rosy-cheeked health
for our children. We take pride in
their bright eyes and glowing skin, in
their increasing weight and added inch-
es, in their zest for life which often
leaves us rather breathless. We pin
our hopes to the far-off days when
they as men and women take their
places in the adult world. Often we
predict futures for them somewhat
different from the turn our own lives
have taken.

More and more do we realize that
their happiness to-morrow depends
largely upon their health to-day. A
healthy childhood is the foundation on
which to build for adult well-being.

And more and more do we discover
that our youngster’s health or lack of
health is to a great extent the direct
consequence of their diet. A whole-
some, ‘balanced variety of food is one
of the most effective weapons against
illness.

In preparing meals for children a
varied simplicity of menu must be fol-
lowed. When we set the table for the
child we must include a plentiful sup-
ply of fresh fruits, fresh vegetables,
eggs and milk, meat in well-regulated
portions, bread and butter. These
simple foods help to keep the body in
good running order, They give energy,
restore worn-out tissue and promote
growth. A well-balanced diet for the
growing child need not be expensive.

There are two classes of foods—
fuel foods and building foods, The
child’s diet must include them both.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Fuel foods are divided into two
groups, fats and carbohydrates. Among
the fats are butter, lard, suet, olive oil,
cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil,
other vegetable oils and animal oils,
such as cod liver oil. The carbohy-
drates are the sugars and _ starches.
The sugars include cane sugar, milk
sugar, grape sugar, beet sugar, honey,
molasses, maple sugar and maple
syrup. Among the starches are pota-
toes, wheat flour and cereals, Sugars
and starches are related. During the
process of digestion starches are
changed into sugar.

There is a. curious relation between
the fats and the carbohydrates: The
body can use fats only when carbo-
hydrates are also present. The fats
used in a well-balanced diet should be
no more than one-fifth as much as the
carbohydrates—that is, one-fifth by
weight.

These foods serve the body as fuel.
They can be transformed into im-
mediate energy. Excess quantities
are stored as a reserve in the form of
fat. Too liberal a supply of the fuel
foods will result in overweight,

The class of foods called proteins is
very different. These are extremely
complex in composition. They are
composed of many elements, always
containing nitrogen, which builds up
new tissue. Usually protein foods
contain sulphur and phosphorus, which
are necessary for the ‘body’s health.
Some protein foods hold small amounts
of iron, which the blood demands. ‘The
proteins thus are the repair and
building foods. Among the common
foods rich in protein are meat, fish,
eggs, milk, beans, peas, the whole

grains of cereal and nuts. Further,
most protein foods contain certain
mineral salts that are essential to ade-
quate nutrition,

If a child receives a quart of milk a
day, and eggs four times a week, his
meat requirements are quite small—a
small portion served at one meal a day.
Once or twice a week, substitute fish
for the meat portion, to insure your
child’s getting adequate supplies of
iodine.

Within the last ten years it has been
found that certain substances in foods
are invaluable to perfect health. These
are the vitamins. Not much is known
about their chemical composition. But
a diet which omits them induces de-
ficiency diseases such as beriberi and
scurvy. At present five vitamins are
known. They are designated by the
letters A, B, C, D and E. Many dif-
ferent foods hold them in minute
amounts, A diet including meat, milk,
eggs, vegetables, and fruits will con-
tain these constituents so necessary to
adequate nutrition, In the Winter
when children get little sunshine, cod-
liver oil, which should be classed as a
food instead of a medicine, will supply
vitamin D, so necessary to proper de-
velopment of growing children.

The description which I have just
given of the purposes of the different
varieties of foods shows the need for
a diet embracing them all. And this
diet is neither intricate nor expensive.

To begin with, one of the major
items on the child’s bill of fare should
be milk. Milk is the natural food of
babies and the young of all warm-
blooded animals. It gives them their
start in life. Mulk contains practically

Forty-eighth Anniversary

every substance necessary for nutri-
tion—protein, carbohydrates, mineral
salts and certain vitamins. Mothers
should see to it that every child drinks
a quart of milk a day. (Starting with
this requirement, a child’s daily food
plan can be built around it.

Next, he should be given his share
of vegetables. He should have at
least two portions of cooked green
vegetables a day. We have all the
common vegetables to choose from.
Beans, peas, turnips, parsnips, beet
tops. The choice seems endless.
In cooking vegetables, the juices
should be saved. ‘They contain valu-
able food elements, besides, they con-
tain the cream of the flavor.

Fresh fruit is essential to a child’s
health. The orange juice and tomato
juice he was given when he was a
baby should be continued in propor-
tionately larger amounts. Of course,
the older child does not have to have
fruit served in the form of juices. He
should learn to eat and enjoy every
kind of fruit in season. Of course,
season in and season out, oranges,
lemons, grape fruit and tomatoes con-
tinue to be the most dependable sourc-
es of vitamin C. Vitamin C not only
promotes general health, but very es-
pecially aids the health of the mouth
and teeth,

As for water, everyone, child or
adult, should drink six or eight glasses
a day. Some of this water may be
contained in other beverages, such as
fruit juice. Of course, tea and coffee
should not be given to children.

Eggs are another food holding all
the elements essential to nutrition. As
milk alone gives sustenance to babies

 

 

 

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Home Offices, 1209 Washington Boulevard—at State Street

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Phone Cherry 4800

Detroit, Michigan

 

 

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

and young animals, so do eggs pro-
vide complete nourishment for the
chicken embryo. ‘The chick derives
from the egg alone all the substances
necessary for its development from
the moment the egg is laid to the mo-
ment the bird hatches. . Every young-
ster should eat eggs cooked in simple
ways.

Whole wheat ‘bread, unpolished rice
and the whole grains of other cereals
contain certain substances necessary
to nutrition. A lack of these substanc-
es results in deficiency diseases. In
China, for example, beriberi is preva-
lent because the diet of the Chinese
consists solely of polished rice which
lacks the nutritive shell of the grain.
Whole wheat bread, therefore, is a
more complete food than is white
bread. White bread, however, may be
served, provided the diet also contains
plenty of milk, meat, eggs, fresh vege-
tables and fruits. Such foods will
make up for the deficiencies of the
bread. White bread, it should be un-
derstood, is apt to be more digestible
than is whole wheat ‘bread.

Regarding meats, the cheaper cuts
need not be scorned, They have their
advantages over the more expensive
steaks and chops. The cheaper cuts
are usually prepared with vegetables as
a stew. Nothing is more nourishing
than a stew. Its value lies in the fact
that the extracts of the vegetables, so
essential to nutrition, are consumed
and not wasted.

The modern American mother might
do well to look into her grandmother’s
cook book, compiled in the days when

‘a kitchen was really a kitchen and not

a diminutive cupboard built for the
preparation of hasty, last-minute meals.
She might also take a leaf from the
foreign housewife’s cook book with
its tempting and nourishing dishes,
such as Irish stew, minestrone, pig’s
knuckle and sauerkraut, goulash, ra-
gout with vegetables,
Dr. Shirley W. Wynne,

Commissioner of Health, New York

City,
—_—_~+ + +___
Effect of Changes in Diet on Food
Markets.

- The changing diet of a people can
work havoc to a staple commodity the
same as changing styles have done.
Everyone is cognizant of what chang-
ing styles in dress and the use of silk
and rayon have done to the cotton and
woolen industries. Other industries
have been ‘hard hit by our changing
diet both as to variety and quantity.

The desire for a slim figure has tend-
ed to lessen the consumption of both
wheat and potatoes. This tendency to
eat less of these commodities multiplies
the disastrous effects of a ‘bumper
crop.

At present, we are staggering under
the weight of two successive bumper
crops of wheat. These bumper crops
loom even larger in the face of dimin-
ishing consumption,

Someone with a genious for figures
has figured out that if each person in
the United States were to eat but two
slices more of bread each day, the
bumper crop would be easily consum-
ed here in the United States. But
bread is not eaten in the quantities as
of yore.

According to O. E Baker, Senior

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Agricultural Economist, Bureau of Ag-
ricultural Economics, there is now be-
ing consumed in the United States per
year 35 pounds of flour less per per-
son than was consumed during the
pre-war period from 1909 to 1913. It
requires practically 51 pounds of wheat
to make 35 pounds of flour or approxi-
mately ‘five-sixths of a bushel of wheat.
Counting our population as 125,000,-
000, we then are now using for con-
sumption purposes 104,000,000 bushels
less of wheat than was \being used for
such purposes a decade and a half ago.

Production of wheat of all kinds this
year is estimated at 884,000,000 bush-
els, which is 62,000,000 bushels above
the five-year average from 1925 to
1929. Were as much wheat used by
the population now as formerly, the
1930 and 1931 crop would not loom so
large and the accumulated surplus
would not ‘be the great menace to a fair
price for wheat, which it now is,

Producers of food commodities will
do well to note the many changes in
our National diet and our much slow-
er growth in population, as they great-
ly affect demand. George G. Royce.

————_»—>->

Promoting Respect For Law and
Order.

Much is being said in these days
about respect for law, reverence for
law, enforcement of law and observ-
ance of law as they may affect good
government.

While all of these are very import-
ant none of them is more vital to good
government than the observance of
law. True observance of law comes
from the love of the fruits of law and
order and not from the fear of the
penalties attached by the violations of
law.

People must get in the frame of
mind of hating crime and abhorring a
disrespect for law. A deep-seated love
of the fruits of law and order will pro-
duce such an attitude of mind.

We are too fickle with our senti-
ments. We are too often scatter-
hearted as well as scatter-brained. We
need to concentrate on a love of the
things that law and order carry in their
trail,

Our lives and our valuables are pro-
tected by those who love ‘the fruits of
law and order. It is not the corner
policeman that really protects life and
property. It is not the safety box in
the great steel vault down at the bank
that protects our money, stocks and
bonds, And it is not the judge and
jury in the courts of justice that pro-
tect our liberties.

It is the love of law and order as
taught in the church and the school
and the home that are the real protec-
tion to life, liberty and property. Re-
move from any community these in-
fluences and the police, safety vaults
and courts could afford no protection.
The influence of the church, the school
and the ‘home is the fundamental pro-

tection of all our free institutions and

the source of good government,

It is not the fear of a policeman or
the fear of going to jail that causes
anyone to have a real reverence for
law. Reverence comes from within
the heart and when implanted therein
there is a proper observance of law.

James M. Ogden.

37

 

 

Have you ordered your

alendars
tor 1932
9

e

Don’t forget we carry all kinds of

Advertising Specialties

Samples and Prices on Request

GRAND RAPIDS CALENDAR CO.
906-912 South Division Avenue
Grand Rapids, Michigan
Phone 31732

 

 

 

 

Bancroft Hotel

Saginaw, Michigan
Fireproof, modern with 300 rooms

RATE $2.00 to $6.00 PER DAY
EUROPEAN

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Popular price Cafe and Coffee Shop
Garage in Connection with Hotel

ot

Owned and operated by
BANCROFT HOTEL COMPANY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ee re

38

AN UNPROFITABLE LIE.

 

How Babcock Tells the Truth in His
Advertising.

Straw hats have been called in, and
it is time to look for fall advertising in
the newspapers.

The merchant who knows his busi-
ness will take a space large enough
to attract attention, will prepare his
copy carefully and state just what he
has to offer and what the price is.

If he has been through many ad-
vertising campaigns he will advertise
his fall goods to the limit and then add
something like this:

“We have light-weight summer
goods of excellent quality and manu-
facture which we are anxious to get
rid of. If this interests you, ask the
clerks about these offerings and they
will quote prices which will make your
hair curl.”

A suggestion of this sort was made
to a clothing merchant recently and he
snorted scornfully.

“lm advertising fall suits,” he said.
“Where is the sense, then, in putting
a line at the bottom of the announce-
ment which will set the reader to
thinking about something else than the
goods I am spending my money to
exploit?”

“But if you don’t sell the summer
suits,” the solicitor urged, “you will
have to keep them until next summer,
and then the prices may be lower on
fine suits and the styles may be en-
tirely different.”

“Yes, I want to sell them,” was the
reply, “but I don’t want to place them
in competition with my fall suits.”

And he didn't, either, and he has the
goods yet. No amount of reasoning
could convince him that people asking
for light-weight fall suits were also in
the market for light-weight summer
suits, especially as the styles were al-
most identical.

He could not be made to see that he
had several weeks in which to get rid
of his fall suits, and only a few days
in which to sell his summer suits. He
could not see that buyers who would
not pay the fall prices would pay the
cut rates and get a light-weight suit
which would look like fall stock.

What he did do was to shift some
of his summer suits over into the fall
suits department and offer them as new
stock, just brought in for fall trade.
He made no reduction in prices, and,
as has been stated, has the suits yet.

In his advertising this merchant de-
scribed some of these summer goods
as fall stock. That was a cheat, and
his customers knew it. He is a fairly
honest man, His word is considered
good, but he does not consider that he
is lying when he puts out a misleading
advertisement,

There are merchants who have
spoiled the effectiveness of their ad-
vertising by telling whoppers in them
—by advertising goods they do not
have in stock, by advertising prices
which they hold only on one suit. It
is easy to say, “That line is all out,”
when a customer calls with the quota-
tion on his tongue.

The merchant thinks he is clever,
that he has brought this man to the
store by a shrewd dodge, and he also
thinks the customer does not see
through it. But he does, and the mer-

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

chant may advertise until all is blue
and never get that man into his store
again,

Another thing the merchant ought
to do when he gets out his fall adver-
tising: He ought to see that every
clerk reads the advertisements. Too
frequently buyers find clerks who do
not know tthe prices of their own
goods, This is not the fault of the
clerks but of the merchant.

If a customer walks up to a cloak
salesman and asks for a sight of the
garments marked down to $14 from
$22 and the salesman thinks it a josh
and begins giving the customer a little
slack, the customer is lost and the fault
is with the man whose duty it was to
notify the clerk or salesman,

But, above all, in preparing the fall
advertising copy, tell the truth. Do not
advertise goods you haven't got. Don’t
quote prices which are not genuine. If
you have only one $10 suit, say so, and
don’t give the impression that you have
a large stock at that figure to choose
from.

Don’t get into the “just as good”
habit, and advertise a certain make of
goods which you haven't got. The
fact that you have something “just as
good” does not count.

Here is where Babcock lost a good
cash customer—a man who bought
clothing for a lumber camp and a big
sawmill. Carson had worn the Stayer
suits for a long time. They had al-
ways given him satisfaction, and he
would buy nothing else for business
wear.

One fall his suit got pretty shabby
while he was plugging around the
office in the woods, and when he went
to Grand Rapids his friends advised
him to become a delegate to the hobo
convention.

“Come right over to «the Wheel,”
one of his club companions said, “and
I’ll buy you one of your favorite suits.”

“If you'll buy a porterhouse steak
an inch thick and have the club chef
cook it,” laughed Carson, “Tll con-
sider the proposition.”

“Oh, all right,” replied the other,
“only there’s a new line of Stayer
suits over at the Wheel, and you may
not be in Grand i(Rapids again for a
month or two. You know you can’t
get these Stayer suits in all sizes in
every store.”

“There is where you expose your
ignorance,” laughed Carson. “Why, up
at the little blind siding where my
camp and mill are we have a store
which sells the Stayer suits, and sells
them right.”

Carson’s friend was a clothing man
himself —a manufacturer—and was
sporty besides. He laughed at Carson.

“Do you mean that man ‘Babcock,
up at your crossing?” he asked.

“No other,” was the reply.

“Well,” was the next proposition,
“T’}] go you a $60 suit that he does not
do anything of the sort.”

“You're on,” said Carson. “On the
way down J took out a copy of our
county paper and noticed that Bab
cock was selling ‘Stayer suits.”

“Does he always do as he adver-
tises?” asked the other.

“Of course he does.”

“Well, you show me a Stayer suit
bought at Babcock’s and Tll pay the
bet.”

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

 

15 ounces to the pound,
35 inches to the yard,
50 minutes to the hour

These are not the principles
taught or practised at

HEANEY’S

Grand Rapids Commercial
College
It would not be very consistent
_—would it?—to teach with Un-
usual Excellence the technical

subjects,
Shorthand Bookkeeping
Typewriting Accounting
Arithmetic English

Personal Efficiency
Rapid Calculation
Office Practice
and fail to impress the folly of measurements of time, or loyalty, or
service in the table given above.
OUR GRADUATES are Better Stenographers, Better Accountants,
Better Citizens, because of their course with us.
IF YOU are an Employer, or a Parent, or a young woman or a young
man, we have valuable information for you.
CALL 45-349; get our catalog; send for our representative.

The Grand Rapids Commercial College

14 Fountain Street, N. W.

H. M. Heaney Mrs. H. M. Heaney

 

 

CATSUP

PICKLES
VINECAR
' MUSTARD

THE HARBAUER CO.

TOLEDO, OHIO.

 

MANUFACTURERS AND PACKERS OF
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UNIFORM QUALITY OF THE HIGHEST GRADE IS
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Electrical Supplies

We Stock and sell Motors and Appliances of Standard Make
Buy, Rent, Repair and Sell Used Motors and do Electrical eal
Work. Our Prices are right on everything Electrical.

We sell Westinghouse Radios, Appliances, Ranges and Refrigeration
We are distributing Quiet May Oil Burners and Service Same.

ROSEBERRY -HENRY ELECTRIC COMPANY

505 Monroe Avenue, N. W. Grand Rapids, Michigan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

So Carson did not buy a Stayer suit
at Grand Rapids, but reserved his pa-
tronage for his local dealer, which was
as it should be. When he got off at
the station it was in the middle of the
afternoon, and the one street was quiet.
There wouldn’t be another train South
until the next morning,

Babcock stood in his rather attrac-
tive store when ‘Carson entered. He
advanced to meet his best customer
with a smile on his shrewd face.

“Last order shipped out to the
camp?” asked Carson.

“Sure,” was the reply.

“Well, as I’ve got the boys all
rigged out for the winter,” said Car-
son, “I’ll just surprise myself with a
new suit. I’ve got to drive over to
Upton to-night and meet a number of
railroad men, and this get-up looks
rather bum.”

“IT should say so,” said Babcock.
“Step back here, please.”

So Carson stepped back and was
shown a neat-looking suit which the
merchant asked him to try on.

“But I want a Stayer,” said Carson.

“This is a Stayer,’ declared Bab-
cock, “that is, a Stayer suit made un-
der a different name. It is all right.
Try on the coat.”

“Do you mean to tell me,’ demanded
Carson, “that the Stayer people spend
thousands of dollars a year advertising
their special suits and then leave the
tag off? Not so you could notice it,
they don’t. And why do you try to
ring me in on an old Dorp suit, when
I asked for a Stayer?” added Carson,
becoming red in the face. “You ought
to know by this time that I know what
I want, Bring out a Stayer.’

Babcock flushed, worked his hands
round and round each other, and mov-
ed toward the back of the store.

“Frank!” he cried. “Frank! Where
is that Stayer suit?”

“That Stayer suit?” shouted Carson.

‘Well,’ replied Babcock, turning
about, resolved to face the trouble at
once, “if you want to know the truth,
I was promised some Stayer goods,
like the sample I had here yesterday,
but they never came.”

“But you advertised them!” growled
Carson.

“Well, I had them, didn’t 1?” asked
Babcock, with a self-satisfied grin. “I
had one ‘Stayer suit when I inserted
the advertisement. Besides, the Dorp
goods are just as good as the Stayer.
I’ve had several calls for the Stayer
to-day and never failed to sell the
Dorp. Come, be a good fellow and try
this coat on.”

“You've done a beautiful thing!”
roared Carson. “I’m in a nice box now!
I had to have a new suit to-day, but
I did not try it in Grand Rapids, be-
cause you advertised the kind I want,
and [ thought I’d give you my trade.
Now it is too late to get back to Grand
Rapids and buy a Stayer before meet-
ing the railroad men over at Upton.”

“Pm sorry,” wailed Babcock, who
began to see what he had risked.

“Your sorrow won't help me out
any,” snarled Carson, “When you ad-
vertised Stayer suits I believed you.
Now I’ve got to keep an important
business engagement looking like a
tramp. And, besides, I’ve lost a bet
of $60 to a man who bet me: that you
didn’t keep Stayer suits. Fine mess

you've got me into by your deceptive
advertising!”

“I'll give you a Dorp suit,” cried
Babcock. “You can wear it to-night
and throw it away to-morrow when
you get a Stayer.”

“T won’t have the suit,” roared Car-
son. “I'll go just as J am, and pay
the $60 bet I lost by banking on your
honesty!”

Carson never gave Babcock another
order. Perhaps he is a crank. Bab-
cock offered to do the right thing, but
Carson would not do business with a
man who did not keep his promises in
his advertising as in his personal life.

Merchants do not know how many
customers they lose by working the
“just as good” game. The goods they
offer may indeed be just as good, but
the point is that the customer will not
be satisfied with them, and will always
blame the dealer for “roping him in”
on some inferior article.

Anyway, in doing the fall advertis-
ing, do it with reference to getting rid
of the summer stock in the early days
of autumn, and also tell the exact
truth in your copy—and see that the
clerks read the advertisements.

————_++ +
Shooting a Blind Hole.

Did you ever go out on a strange
golf course for the first time, come up
to number three or four or eight tee
and discover that you couldn’t see the
pin? No flag in sight, nothing to in-
dicate the position of the cup. Just a
beautiful fairway leading up a hill and
then a questionable beyond. A blind
hole.

I have seen men drive one of these
holes with never a tremor. The same
men who quake at a thirty foot water
hole or a green that lies on a hill, The
unknown must have no terrors for
them, but to me, a blind hole is so re-
markably like life that I may sacrifice
a stroke to get a position on the hill
where [I can see. Play it safe.

Tragedy stalks so often just around
the corner, that the thinking individ-
ual wonders why anyone neglects the
common safeguards. A short time ago
a young man was speeding to his wed-
ding, his car was hit and he was killed.
Another young couple had delayed
their marriage several years to buy a
home and furnish it. The day of their
wedding it burned and they had
neglected to insure it. Young married
men are so burdened with the making
of a living that they feel they cannot
afford life insurance. If they die un-
timely, their families meet tragedy
face to face.

While not in a preaching mood, it
does seem that in this great country of
ours we hold life and property more
cheaply than anything else. We
blithely trust to good fortune, breaks
or brakes, the judgment of the other
fellow, or what not, from the cradle
to the grave. We shoot a blind hole
with less regard than a five foot putt.

While people still remain mortal,
perhaps there is no solution. Perhaps
property must ‘burn and people be
killed. Perhaps it is wise for judgment
and wealth and power to be invested
in a few. But I am still going to play
a blind hole up a hill so I can see.

ee

First it was inflation; then deflation.
Now for moderation.

 

 

VOIGT’S

TRESCENT

FlLouUR
Mothers Delight”

Milled In Grand Rapids
For Over 60 Years

You can safely recommend W
VOIGT’S CRESCENT FLOUR
a |
aan OS,

 

 

 

 
   
   

to your customers knowing it is a
well balanced, all purpose flour, fel
guaranteed to give satisfaction.

    

>
CLs)
ST re

hc
uC Ly

ierrh mec ee leks

Have you ever used Flouroigt
Whole Wheat Flour, the Gem of
Health Foods?

 

Voigt’s Self-Rising Buckwheat and
Self-Rising Pancake Flours

Are of the Same High Quality.
It’s Time To Stock Up On These Products Now.

Milled in Grand Rapids by Voigt Milling Co.

Sold Everywhere.
We are Carlot Buyers of Hand Picked Beans.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Butchers’ and Grocers’
Fixtures and Machinery

Brunswick
Ice Machines

Refrigerators of
All Descriptions

Casings, Tools and Supplies

BOOT & CO.

GRAND RAPIDS MICHIGAN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

40

BIGGEST FACTOR IN HEALTH.

 

Tastes and Appetite Should Be Our
Guide.

Food faddists and diet enthusiasts
of various kinds come and go in an
endless procession. You may be able
to talk a man out of eating a beef
steak for a short period of time, but
in the long run he will return to the
pleasure of a beef steak, We know
from the anatomy and physiology of
man’s stomach that he has always
been a meat eater.

Early man must have been a hunter.
He was so busy chasing and killing
his food that he had no leisure time
and consequently did not make rec-
ords in stone of this customs and
habits. Our earliest records are de-
rived from agricultural folk.

There was opportunity of accumu-
lating wealth in wheat, corn or rice. A
land owning class was also developed.
The leisure time was devoted to cul-
tural pursuits, and hence we _ have
written records of these folk.

The agricultural people of ancient
times considered the sun and rain as
essential for their cereal crops. Inti-
mately associated.with these were the
domesticated animals used to cultivate
the soil and tend their crops. Hence
the oxen or cattle were sacred or were
only to be slain for sacrifice and other
religious purposes. This is the rea-
son we find in our earliest recorded
history of man that he was a plant
eater and not a meat eater.

This type of diet did not last long.
Some attache of the temple began to
steal from the altars. This was sacri-
legious and warranted a death penalty,
In spite of this, more and more peo-
ple ate meat. Soon meat “bootleggers”
were doing a good ‘business. There
was something about a meat meal that
gave people a feeling of well-being. At
least they were willing to disobey
their priests rather than to deny them-
selves of meat.

It has been proven many times that
we can reduce the average amount of
meat we eat by one-half or less and
still keep in an excellent state of
health. I have carried on these experi-
ments upon myself. The nitrogen or
protein consumed can be made to just
equal the protein waste products ex-
creted by the body.

When these experiments are com-
pleted all of us always go back to the
high protein diet. Why do we uncon-
sciously eat mare meat than is neces-
sary to replace the broken down body
tissues?

The chemists have known for many
years that there is more heat produced
within the body after eating a meat
meal than can be accounted for by any
known chemical process. There is a
specific heat production within the
body, lasting for four to six hours
after a meat meal, This is a period of
stimulation or acceleration of ‘body
metabolism. This feeling of well-
being was so enjoyable to even an-
cient folk that the meat prohibitionist
could not prevent meat consumption.

Rabbits and guinea pigs are plant
eating animals. Some _ experiments
have been reported showing that meat
fed ‘to these animals causes kidney dis-
ease and other illnesses. These experi-
ments are not physiological; the con-

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

clusions are not of significance to pub-
lic health authorities. It would be
just as interesting to know what would
happen if one fed a wolf or dog green
grass instead of meat.

Meat causes 'the stomach to secrete
more acid than any other food. . This
may lead to some gastric distress if
people have ulcers in the stomach or
in the intestine close to the stomach.
The harmfulneess or abnormal symp-
toms following a meat meal are most
often due to its stimulation of large
amounts of gastric secretion. Man is
not a carnivorous animal; he is not a
herbivorous creature; but his digestive
system, both in its architecture and in
its function, belong to a mixed meat
and vegetable eater,

Man can by adaptation teach his
body to get along very well upon a
purely vegetable diet. The leaders in
food fads are abnormal people. ‘Some
few people have very sensitive stom-
achs and the increased gastric juice
caused by meat makes them feel un-
comfortable. Such people should not
eat those things that cause large
amounts of acid secretion, ‘But that is
no reason why they should try to
teach those of us who are normal to
so alter our diet as to ‘fit their ab-
normal stomachs.

Meat does not belong to the protec-
tive or vitamin-containing foods. It
is a tissue replacing food. Meat con-
tains the building stones that go into
our body tissues. Meat is a stimulat-
ing food. A fresh vegetable salad and
a glass of milk may be a satisfying
lunch, ‘but a serving of a thick juicy
steak can form the nucleus of the eve-
ning meal. Meat sets the digestive
glands ‘to work and aids in general
metabolism. .

We eat more meat than is theoreti-
cally necessary. We always will eat
more meat than is necessary to replace
the wear and tear of body cells. Meat
is a stimulant. Mian unconsciously
wants to stimulate himself,

Meat constitutes a part of a balanc-
ed diet. Meat is one of our most ex-
pensive foods. Hence during periods
of economic depression people eat less
meat. Fuel foods, cereals and sugars,
are cheaper. 'The state of health of
the public is not injured by reducing
the consumption of meat.

During periods of economic stress
we eat less of most all foods. This is
not detrimental to health. So long as
we keep some fresh vegetables and
fruits, along with eggs and dairy prod-
ucts as a part of our daily diet, we will
be safe from a standpoint of nutrition.
We shouldn’t eat a deficiency or dis-
ease-producing diet. We should quan.
titatively scale down our diets to fit
our income, but shouldn’t omit pro-
tective and necessary foods.

Meat stimulates the whole body by
exciting the stomach and intestinal di-
gestive processes. A change of weath-
er, a hot bath and cold shower, a vig-
orous skin rub, all stimulate the whole
body by exciting or irritating the skin.
Meat then belongs to a group of bio-
logical substances that stimulate man
by acting from the inside. It is also
a food,

The State Departments of Public
Health are not concerned with any-
thing but health of the people. Diet
is one of the biggest single factors in

  

 

health. One should let this tastes and
his appetite be his guide. If he keeps
his diet balanced both tastes and ap-
petite will be normal.
Dr. Lloyd Arnold,
State Bacteriologist of Illinois.
—__~2+.—__
Cause of Increase in Deaths From
Heart Disease.

The steadily mounting curve in the
incidence of fatal heart diseases in this
country is more and more engaging the
attention, not only of health authori-
ties everywhere, state and National,
but also of the medical profession gen-
erally. ‘So constant has been the in-
crease in these diseases in the United
States within the past few years that
they have now come to occupy the
“bad eminence” of being more destruc-
tive to human life than any other
single class of bodily ills, not except-
ing tuberculosis in its various forms.

Diseases of the heart, unlike com-
municable diseases, are too individual-
istic in cause to admit of much other
prevention and control than that which
the individual himself may be disposed
ito impose. ‘Cardiac troubles” are, in
the vast majority of cases, either trace-
able to the patients’ modes of life or
are the results of other diseases.

Living at high speed, over-indulgence
in stimulants, overeating and over-
exercising, failure to take proper rest
and such like all put an unnatural
strain on the heart. Poisons seeping
into the system from abcessed teeth,
diseased tonsils or other focal infec-
tions are carried through the blood
stream to the heart, injuring the
delicate mechanism until the damage
becomes beyond repair. Again, many
diseases, particularly those to which
childhood is especially susceptible,
leave the heart in a weakened condi-
tion which only prompt, proper and
continued care will avail to cure.

In such circumstances, health au-
thorities and the medical profession
can do little more than point out
where the remedy lies and urge its
general application. Heart diseases can
be prevented, arrested or postponed,
but only through the efforts of the in-
dividual. The two things necessary
are the leading of a sane, sensible life
and being on constant guard against
an enemy that comes like a thief in
the night.

People should practice moderation
in all things personal and have a thor-
ough physical examination made by a
competent physician at least once a
year. The latter is especially import-
ant for individuals who have reached
or passed middle age.

If symptoms of a diseased heart are
detected in their early stages, the con-
dition can, in most instances, be arrest-
ed; while cardiac troubles can often be
prevented by location and removal of
focal infections which, if undetected
and unremoved, are almost certain,
sooner or later, to damage the heart
more or less seriously. If everybody
40 years of age or over would give
their physicians opportunity to “look
them over” carefully at regular inter-
vals it is safe to say that there would
soon ‘be a decidedly downward trend
in the curve of incidence in fatal heart
diseases in this country. But the mat-
ter is almost entirely in the hands of
the individual. Health authorities and

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

the medical profession are powerless
to help the situation by direct efforts.
Dr. A. T. McCormack.
———_+++—___.
Contentment as Obstacle to Progress.

Contentment cheaply purchased is
the great evil of mankind. It leads to
inaction, to flabbiness of mind and
body and decay. When we cease to
move, to struggle, to reach out for
something, yet unaccomplished, we
are ceasing to live.

(Civilization has brought us automo-
biles, aeroplanes, elevators, telephones
and radios; everything is so arranged
that we can extract the maximum of
pleasure, with the minimum of effort.
We won our civilization ‘by battling
with the forces of Nature, by fighting
for our food and a safe place to sleep;
iby developing powers of resistance and
endurance, and ‘building up new facili-
ties, by a sturdy reaching out for
things, that were beyond us. The way
to lose this civilization is by complac-
ently enjoying it, ‘by sitting in soft
chairs, and ‘having things brought to
us.

'The same kind of danger—that of
contentment and its vices—which at-
tacks the individual, often attacks a
nation. Success or civilization, which,
in the case of a nation, is the same
thing, killed ancient Rome. She was
ruined by too much civilization and
decay followed.

Providence would seem to have or-
dained that the man who serves most
shall reap most. Success is coming to
mean service. Our greatest distinc-
tion as a Nation has been won by ac-
tions, not words; by deeds, not dreams.

Worth alone counts. Successes are
won by those who deserve to win it.
It is not money, but the joy of achieve-
ment, the joy of creating, of develop-
ing, that spurs on most men, who be-
come factors of the first importance.

Emlyn Jones.

For Gains in Individual
Savings.

Based on past records, economists
predict that savings institutions will
grow rapidly for a year or two im-
mediately following the permanent up-
ward swing of the economic curve.

Statistics actually show that the peo-
ple save more and patronize savings
institutions to a greater extent right
after a depression and during the re-
covery period than at any other time.

‘Savings associations should _ get
ready for new business but should pro-
ceed cautiously. They should keep in
mind the experience of the depression
and remember that “history repeats
itself’ so that other depressions will
come and go with more or less regu-
larity.

“Safety First” must be the motto of
every association. A rapid influx of
money might easily tempt the unwary
to adopt a lax and liberal loan policy.
Associations must be selective. The
best is none too good for the assets of
the associations. Careful appraisals
must be the order of the day.

Associations should also get out of
debt. They should pay off the bor-
rowed money. ‘They should sell the
real estate. They should work out
definite plans for improving and
strengthening 'the association.

Oscar Nelson.

Prospect

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

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MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 41

 
   

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Grand Rapids,Mich.

 

 

42

THE FORGOTTEN MAN.

He Is of the Kingdom of Democ-
racy. j

Plato was of the opinion that
“democracy is a charming form of
government, full of variety and dis-
order, distributing equality to equals
and unequals alike.”

Society evidently subscribed to this
belief, Anyway, twenty-five centuries
passed before democracy was to be
given a serious trial. In the meantime
the world experimented with theocracy,
oligarchy, aristocracy, absolute mon-
archy and feudalism—this last to op-
erate successfully for half a dozen cen-
turies,

Then a hundred and fifty years ago
came the American adventure in de-
mocracy—first, the broadcloth-coated,
silver-buttoned democracy of Jefferson
with the franchise well hedged about
with property qualifications; then the
rugged help-yourself variety of An-
drew Jackson—and “to the victor be-
long the spoils.”

At its inception, democracy was ap-
plied to an agricultural people making
modest demands upon government. If
the organization of government was
cumbersome, if there were numerous
offices to be passed around by election,
if the officials elected were ordinary
citizens who knew little about the
work to be done and if ignorance and
emotions counted for as much as in-
telligence and information at the bal-
lot box—why, it did not matter much
as long as government was not very
important anyway,

Then came modern industry, auto-
mobiles, skyscrapers and telephones—
deserted farms and crowded cities—
and costly and intricate government.
This new type of government is most
important and matters a great deal.
And it is a government of science and
inventions—of segregated budgets and
accrual accounting, of serial bonds and
sinking funds, of toxin antitoxins, of
rapid sand filters, activated sludge,
kilowatts and powdered coal, peak
loads, radio control, out-door and insti-
tutional relief, core tests, and so on
through a long list of technical services
which democracy demands, and can
pay for, but obviously cannot ad-
minister.

But can democracy hire a personnel
to do these things for it? ‘Can it sim-
plify its machinery of government and
eliminate duplications so that the tasks
can be done well? Can it devise other
than a political yard stick for measur-
ing the results?

At least for the time being, the
countries of Europe, with rare excep-
tion, have answered “no”—resorting
to a dictatorship of the aristocracy or
of the proletariat.

In the Western world the answer is
being formulated in the school houses
of \America and particularly in that
notable democratic experiment, the
high school. When the time comes the
answer will be made by that “for-
gotten man” of whom Professor Wm.
B. Munro wrote so brilliantly in a re-
cent number of ‘Public Management.

“He never appears before commit-
tees of the city council at public hear-
ings, telling the aldermen what the
people want. Nor does he write letters
to the newspapers. He doesn’t even

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

read the letters which other people
write,

“The Chamber of Commerce, the
taxpayers’ association and the good
government league do not count him
among their members.

“He hasn’t signed a petition for or
against anything for a dozen years. He
isn’t organized, can’t be mobilized, and
won't ‘be hypnotized ‘by the palaver of
politicians, Because he makes no noise
we call him the silent voter; between
elections his interests and desires are
crowded out of the way by his more
vociferous fellow citizens; he is the
forgotten man of municipal politics.

“Yet when the polls are opened he
is often the most influential factor in
the whole electorate. When the bal-
lots are counted it frequently appears
that he has turned the trick. Indeed,
when upsets and surprises come on
election day it is usually because some-
body has failed to reckon with the po-
tential sovereignty of the forgotten
man.

“With the ballot in his hand he has
become articulate, and as a rule he
votes his resentment rather than his
appreciation. He resents the fact that
no one in the seats of the mighty has
regarded his interests or paid heed to
his unuttered opinions,

“The forgotten man does not know
much about the principles of political
science. He has never heard of ’Aris-
totle, Locke and Montesquieu. He
would ibe stumped if you asked him
about segregated budgets or excess
condemnation,

“But somewhere on one of the up-
town side streets he owns a little home,
or at least the equity in it. This owner-
ship has not failed to teach him some-
thing about assessors and tax bills,
about ‘water rates and street paving
assessments,

““Consequently he doesn’t swallow
the alibis which flow so freely from the
city hall about inevitably higher pub-
lic expenditures and uncontrollable
outlays. No one need tell him that the
city administration is flawless if the
garbage collectors come irregularly or
if the sewage backs up into his cellar
or if he can’t locate a policeman when
he wants one.

“Moreover, he rides the street cars
to work and back again at peak hours
—which makes him an expert on trans-
portation and traffic congestion if any-
thing will, He has as much right as
any other man to form opinions on
these matters and he does it, The city
government may forget him, but he
does not overlook the sins of omission
when the time comes.

“Pressure-groups and propagandists
obtain too much solicitude, day in and
day out, from our public officials.
Someone should make it his business
to look out for the silent multitudes
whose opinions cannot be ascertained
except by being sought. For they also
are of the kingdom of democracy.”

‘Dr. Lent D, Upson,

Director Detroit Bureau of Govern-

mental Research.

—_+~++—___—_

The employe who seeks to shirk the

responsibility for his mistakes is mak-
ing a second mistake.

——_-+ »—_.
Unemployment probably has touch-
ed ‘bottom.

What Is a Customer Worth To You?

Only after you have weighed a cus-
tomeer on the scale of purchases, can
you really appreciate her value.

Pat tried to express something of
this when he said, “I tell ye, the old
friends are the ‘best after all, and
what’s more, I can prove it! Where
will ye find a new friend that’s stood
by ye as long as the old ones?”

Old customers are old friends. Their
trade is assured. Their very depend-
ability makes them the backbone of
your business. Yet, even the old cus-
tomers leave in time, and must be re-
placed with new ones.

The healthy, growing business re-
quires constant additions to the cus-
tomer list, over and above replace-
ments. Folks must be reached via ad-
vertising, window and shop displays,
and convinced that here is the place
to buy meat.

When an agreement is reached on
the need for advertising, we hear
someone ask, “How much shall we
spend to obtain new customers?”

Obviously, it is poor policy to spend
more money to build trade than that
trade will spend with you. It is equal-
ly unwise to spend too little money,
and risk failing to attain your objec-
tive. Yet, either of these extremes is
possible if you give an off-hand answer
to the foregoing question.

It isn’t a question of how much shall
you spend, but of how much you had
ought to spend. The correct sum will
be determined by the value of the trade
you wish to obtain. And this trade
value can easily and accurately be de-
cided by analyzing your business and
ascertaining the value of your present
customers.

Divide your total 1930 sales (dollars
and cents) by the number of custom-
ers you have. The result will show
the average annual purchases per cus-
tomer, For instance, if you did a
business of $50,000, with 1,000 cus-
tomers, your average customer is
worth $50 a year to you. Actually,
customers are of varying values, but
the average is sufficiently accurate for
the purpose.

Next, divide your total net profits
for 1930 by the number of customers,
to learn the average net profit per
customer. If you enjoyed a net profit
of 5 per cent., your net for the year
would be (5 per cent. times $50,000)
$2,500. Dividing this figure by 1,000
customers, tells us that each customer
annually adds $2.50 to your net profits.

How long does the average custom-
er continue to buy from you? The
answer to this question is in your
charge accounts and in your cash
sales tickets if you have them. Tabu-
late and total cash sales and custom-
ers’ charge accouonts for 1930, by cus-
tomer names. Go back to 1929 and
see how many of these same custom-
ers bought from you in that year.
Check back with 1928, and 1927, and
further, if necessary.

Let us say that this analysis re-
veals that the average customer stays
with you for three years, Valuable
customers. On the averdge, each is
worth $50 a year, or $150 during the
three years to you, Each will pay
you $2.50 a year net profit, or a total
of $7.50 during the customer’s trade-
life.

Forty-eighth Anniversary

There need be no guesswork now
about the amount of the advertising
appropriation. You know positively
the worth of a customer in dollars and
cents, And you may be sure that your
new customers will be equally valu-
able.

Your analysis proved that you are
getting repeat business from custom-
ers over a long period. It proved also,
by that very fact, that your merchan-
dising methods are sound, that your
goods are desirabie, and that your
business future is not uncertain, Com-
forting knowledge to any merchant.

Will Coleman.
>
A Meditation on Riches.

I am a very rich man! I have even
been growing richer during these years
when so many people think they have
been gréwing poorer. I have just been
counting up my assets and I find they
are enormous. They even give me an
unholy desire to boast or at least to
parade my riches before the public
gaze. So here is a partial inventory.

I enjoy, and have enjoyed for nearly
ten years, the love of a good wife. This
alone makes all life rich and radiant
for me. If it were the only item in
my inventory I would be a multimil-
lionaire.

I have a little two-year-old girl, with
a head covered with little blond curls
and a face full of smiles, who stands in
the front door and waves good-bye
when I leave in the morning, and who
gets up from her play when I return
to shout, ‘hello, dad!” and runs te
meet me. I wonder for how many mil-
lions I would exchange this treasure!

I have a not-quite-six year-old boy,
who has just started to school this
year, and comes home twice a day full
of eager stories of what he has done
this time with new words, new thoughts
and new companions. He likes to get
up in my lap each evening for a story.
He will put his hand in mine and gladly
go anywhere so long as he can go with
me. How much is it worth to have
a little boy who will put his hand in
yours and go anywhere with you?

And then I have a little money. I
haven’t very much, and often I wish
there were more. But these two chil-
dren and their mother and I live in a
comfortable house and we can usually
buy enough coal to keep it warm in
winter. We have plenty to eat, three
times a day and the children are strong
and sturdy. We have a few books to
read and I guess just as many friends
come to see us as would come if we
had more money. We have a car (it
was a used car when we bought it),
and it takes us to visit our friends or
for a picnic at the lake shore, whenever
we ask it to.

If I had more money, we could live
in a bigger house, we could have a
bigger car and we could eat richer
food. But those things we don’t want:
and the things we most want we really
have. :

Yes, I am a very rich man,

——++___

No man’s opinion is entirely worth-
less. Even a watch that won’t run is
right twice a day.

—_~+~+-—___
Many bonds and preferred stocks
are ‘bargains.

 

Pee cae ee te ean

Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

H. LEONARD & SONS

IMPORTERS & MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS

Cor. Fulton St. and Commerce Ave. Grand Rapids, Michigan

 

 

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ee

 

Ra

 

. .

 

——

 

 

 

 

 

maid WP: uM

—_

 

THE HOUSE BEHIND THE PRODUCTS

IT’S THE STORE WITH A PULL THAT DRAWS TRADE
GET READY FOR HOLIDAY BUSINESS

The store with the greatest assortment attracts customers like nothing else can. If you want new ideas, come and see
one of the largest and most varied! exhibits of quick selling merchandise ever shown. The right things at the right
prices. The kind that sells today. Spledid tables of

STAPLE AND SEASONABLE GOODS AT POPULAR PRICES
5c 10c 15c 25c 29c 39c 49c 69c 89c

You will find just what you want and you will be delighted to see the things that will quicken up your cash sales.
Remember that Christmas will be here before you know it. If you haven't bought it is not too late to get a good selec-
tion of

Dolls, Toys, Games, Wheel Goods, Sleds, Fancy Goods, Silver, China, Glassware and

Novelties.

Ce ads Ce en one a ak a ea re

Complete stocks invite your investigation with a view of adding some to your stock. A few more suggestions—

ELECTRIC REFRIGERATORS TINWARE FOR KITCHEN CLOCKS—ALL KINDS

ELECTRIC RADIOS BREAD-CAKE-PIE PANS GAS STOVES AND RANGES
ELECTRIC CLOCKS ALUMINUM WARE PYREX OVENWARE

ELECTRIC WAFFLES ENAMELED WARE MIRRORS—ALL KINDS
ELECTRIC TOASTERS WIRE STRAINERS BATHROOM CABINETS
ELECTRIC IRONS POTATO MASHERS DINNER SETS OR SEPARATE
PEWTER WARE EGG BEATERS CUPS, SAUCERS AND PLATES
SILVER WARE CREAM WHIPS CARLOADS OF CHINA

KITCHEN CUTLERY CHROME SPECIALS TO CHOOSE FROM

GIFTS FOR GROWN UPS GIFTS FOR KIDDIES GIFTS FOR EVERYONE

YOU MUST HAVE GIFT GOODS FOR THE HOLIDAYS

 

 

 

 

44

UNFAIR METHODS IN TRADE.

 

Need of State Law To Check Bad
Practices,

The first article in the declaration
of rights in our ‘Michigan State con-
stitution says: “All political power is
inherent in the people. Government
is instituted for their equal benefit, se-
curity and protection.”

When this Nation was founded, in
order to establish a National Govern-
ment, the state delegated certain of its
powers to Congress. What powers
the -states did not delegates to 'Con-
gress, they necessarily reserved to
themselves, Where Congress has not
the right under the constitution to act,
the states have that power inherent in
them as a free people.

Among the powers that the states
delegated to Congress was the right
to regulate commerce between the
states and with foreign countries. It
necessarily follows then that in all the
commercial relations that are not be-
tween the states, or with foreign coun-
tries, the states are sovereign; they
alone have the authority and. the juris-
diction to regulate the commerce that
is wholly confined within their respec-
tive boundaries,

‘We find therefore that our commer-
cial relations are divided by this sharp
constitutional cleavage into what is
called interstate and intrastate com-
merce. The Federal law offers pro-
tection and regulation in the one field;
but we must look to the state legisla-
tures and to the state courts for pro-
tection and regulation in the other
field,

As we examine into the distinction
between interstate and intrastate com-
merce, we find that out of numerous
cases prosecuted in the Federal courts
have come sharp definitions as to what
constitutes interstate commerce. What-
ever is not interstate commerce must
be intrastate commerce.

According to one of these Federal
court decisions goods are in interstate
commerce when they come into a state
from another state, or from a foreign
country, in an original unbroken pack-
age. When an importer upon the ar-
rival of goods within the state ‘breaks
into an original unbroken package, and
makes a single sale therefrom, he takes
those goods out of interstate commerce
and subjects them to the laws of the
state in which the sales are made.

Goods originating wholly within the
state, all the transactions concerning
which are consummated wholly within
the state, are of course also matters of
interstate commerce,

If, for example, a merchant sends
out of the state for an invoice of goods,
that invoice of goods will come into
the state under an interstate commerce
label. If a sale is made of that ship-
ment in the original condition and
packing in which it is received, the sale
is made in interstate commerce. But
if, as ordinarily happens, such an in-
voice of goods consists of two or more
items, then as soon as the merchant
has checked off that invoice, distribut-
ed the goods about his store, and made
a single sale therefrom, he has taken
that shipment out from under the in-
terstate commerce laws, and subjected
them to the authority and the juris-

pea orga yaatarae es trennA Nei atin adie See cen emanate ie a tna

diction of the state of which he is a
resident.

From this analysis, it becomes read-
ily apparent that very much of our
wholesaling, the great bulk of the re-
tailing, practically all the advertising,
pricing, delivery and use of merchan-
dise sold over the retail counters ?-e
not matters for Congress to reguiate
and control, but are on the other hand
clearly matters for our state legisla-
tures and our state courts to regulate
and control,

It seems, however, to be the peculiar
psychology of us as a people that we
are continually looking to Washing-
ton for help, relief and control, and
not so much towards our state capitals,

Especially in this matter of correct-
ing and eliminating the evils and the
abuses that have crept into our com-
mercial life, we have been looking and
depending upon Washington to pass
the necessary remedial legislation, for-
getting, or ignoring, or not understand-
ing this very vital fact that a great
bulk of the unfair trade practices com-
plained of are after all not matters for
Congress to legislate upon; but are
clearly matters for our state legisla-
tures to concern themselves about.

It might be fairer to state that those
great issues and problems in commerce
that thirty years ago created a wide-
spread and determined demand among
our people for legislation prohibiting
the formation of trust, discrimination
in freight rates, and the creation of a
monopoly in such natural products as
oil, were matters of great National im-
port, and clearly of interstate concern.

‘But the evils and abuses that to-day
concern so intimately the whole body
of consumers, and that are tending. so
largely to demoralize present day re-
tailing, that are cramping the field or
free and fair competition, and tending
to the creation of a monopoly in the
sale and distribution of commodities,
are issues and problems of an entirely
different kind and character.

These present day merchandising is-
sues, while they may not as yet be so
offensive to the public, or so sensation-
al, as those scandals in oil and in
freight rates, are nevertheless all the
more insidious, threatening, and dam-

“aging, because they do affect the en-
tire populace, because they enter into

the great body of retail transactions,
and because they aggregate into the
billions of dollars,

 

To meet the rising wrath of the peo-
ple against trusts, mergers and com-
bines, ‘Congress passed the Sherman
Act. A few years later, it found it
necessary to supplement the Sherman
Act with the ‘Clayton Act which pro-
hibited discriminations between differ-
ent purchasers where the effect of such
discrimination was to. substantially
lessen competition or to tend to create
a monopoly.

‘But even these two major enact-
ments, powerful weapons and deter-
rents as they are, were found insuffi-
cient to meet the problems. ‘There
arose a need “for the creation of an
administrative agency of a quasi judi-
cial nature to administer rules of busi-
ness conduct so as to prevent unfair
methods of competition in the chan-
nels of interstate commerce.” (1930
Annual Report Federal Trade Com-

ae

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

a A BETTE

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

 

 

BROWN

AND

SEHLER

COMPANY

 

 

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FARM MACHINERY AND GARDEN TOOLS
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SHEEP LINED AND BLANKET-LINED COATS
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GRAND RAPIDS
MICHIGAN

 

 

 

 

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Liberal allowance
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The National Cash Register Company
A. J. Cron, Sales Agent 66 Ottawa Ave., N. W.
Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

 

 

Ss. A. MORMAN & CO.

DEALERS IN
BUILDING MATERIALS
Face Brick, Fire Brick, Metal Lath, Waterproofings and Flue Lining—
Lime and Cement

MAIN OFFICES: 8S. W. Corner Pearl St. and Ionia Ave. Automatic 4647.
YARDS: Corner Ionia and Wealthy.
500 Lexington Ave., N. W.

GRAND RAPIDS - - - - MICHIGAN

 

 

 

 

 

Manufacturers of Sausage and Meat
Products.

Wholesale only,

HERRUD & COMPANY
542 Grandville Ave., Grand Rapids, Mich.

   
  
 

 

.

anneal. OO eee

ae ren I,

   

   
      

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“
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pels Satna om “-— eh

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a eet tent ommnnllly. ee et NTS, 5 SE | et a ae

 

   

   
  
    
    
   
   
  
  
   
   
   

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

mission). To. satisfy this demand
which came largely from trade associa-
tions and business men Congress, in
1914, passed the Federal ‘Trade Com-
mission Act.

According to Macgruder, the powers
of the Federal Trade Commission are
two-fold. “First, it is empowered to
prevent persons, partnerships and cor-
porations, except banks and common
carriers, from using unfair methods of
competition in commerce between the
states, and with foreign countries. In
performing this duty the commission
has the right of access to the books
and documents of any commercial
firm whenever there is reason to be-
lieve that such firm is using unfair
methods of competition. The second
power of the commission is to gather
and compile information from such
commercial corporations as are under
its control and to require them to fur-
nish the commission with reports of
their transactions. It makes special
investigations for the President and
Congress concerning violations of the
anti-trust laws; it investigates trade
conditions; and it submits to (Congress
recommendations for additional legis-
lation.”

“The Sherman act compels business
to compete and compels free competi-
tion: while the Federal Trade Commis-
sion act compels business to compete
fairly and compels that form of fair
competition without which there can
be no free competition.” (Fed. Tr.
Com. Rep. 1930).

The very essence and heart of the
Federal Trade Commission act is the
one single provision that declares that
“Unfair methods of competition are
hereby declared unlawful.” The bal-
ance of the act gives the commission
discretionary powers as to what con-
stitutes unfair methods of competition,
and sets up the administrative machin-
ery for the enforcement of this pro-
vision,

Following the passage of the Sher-
man act, most of the states, if not all
of them, passed state anti-trust laws of
a similar nature, Michigan among
them. Some 23 states of the Union
have passed anti-discrimination laws,
which to some extent, and as respects
certain commodities, apply the prin-
ciples of the Clayton act. Michigan
has such statutes which prevent dis-
crimination in prices between locality,
except under certain conditions, with
respect to certain farm products, and
petroleum products. But no state has
as yet gone as far as Congress has
gone in regulating commerce; and no
state has as yet set up a state trades
commission patterned after the Federal
Trade ‘Commission, with like powers
and duties,

And because no state has gone as
far as Congress has gone in these mat-
ters, we ‘find that the situation that
exists to-day in our commercial life
is largely as follows: The law against
unfair methods of competition is the
Federal law; but the great body of
unfair trade practices so far as they
affect or pertain to retailing are not
offenses against the Federal law. The
law is the Federal law and pertains to
interstate commerce only; the great
body of offenses are offenses against
intrastate commerce, or fould be of-

 

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

fenses against the state, if the state
had gone as far in its own field as
Congress has gone in interstate com-
merce ito declare that unfair methods
of competition are unlawful.

The Journal of the ‘National As-
sociation of Retail Druggists in its
issue of ‘September 25, says: ‘“Noth-
ing has impaired the effectiveness of
the Federal Trade Commission act so
much as lack of authority, or jurisdic-
tion of the Federal Trade Commission
to enforce it in intrastate commerce.
Most of the unfair trade practices
complained of are committed in intra-
state commerce, and not in interstate
commerce,”

Tt only requires a little reflection
therefore to understand that one of the
major reasons, if not the greatest rea-
son, why we have not been able to
make greater headway in the fight to
eliminate and correct many of the
evils and abuses in business life to-day,
why price-cutting has become so wide-
spread and so ruinous, why so many
unfair trade practices prevail, and why
there has grown up so large and so
portentious a tendency to a monopoly
in the sale and distribution of goods,
has been because we have been de-
pending upon these Federal acts to
supply the remedy, and we have been
grossly failing to seek analagous legis-
lation from our state legislatures so
as to make these principles of law and
of ethics 100 per cent. effective over
the whole field of commerce, both in-
terstate and intrastate.

If there is any need or justification
for the application of these principles
of law and of ethics to the one field,
there is even greater need and justifi-
cation that these same principles be
applied to the other field that is whol-
ly within the state.

The testimony before the Interstate
Commerce Committee, while the Fed-
eral ‘Trade Commission bill was pend-
ing, shows that it was the intention of
Congress to protect the small business
man before harm was done to him.
But the small ‘business man, the aver-
age independent merchant and _ the
average citizen only incidentally comes
in contact with interstate commerce.
They do business almost entirely in
the field of state commerce. The field
of interstate commerce is well policed,
and well adjudicated. But the trouble
is that the small business man doesn’t
get over into that field very much.
The field in which he does have to
transact his business is not so well
policed, and in that ‘field he has not the
benefit of the condemnation of the law
against unfair methods of competition,
The Federal’ Trade Commission shows
a list of over sixty unfair methods of
competition that they have condemned.
The state has no such list,

Large corporations, who can afford
to hire high-priced attorneys, can often
secure relief against property damage
by reason of the unfair trde practices
of others through injunctive proceed-
ings; the small business firm cannot
afford that recourse. Prior to the
passage of the Federal Trade Com-
mission act, unfair methods of com-
petition were enjoined or damages
procured through individual actions.
The Federal Trade ‘Commission act
gave the Commission itself authority,
where it had reason to believe that a

 
   

 

 

 

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GRAND RAPIDS

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

46

firm was using unfair methods of com-
petition, to institute a proceeding by
complaint against such party. And
thus, in theory, and within the field of
interstate commerce, additional relief
was afforded an injured competitor,
because he can now avail himself of
the authority vested in the Commis-
sion,

But when it comes to a consideration
of the plight of the small business
man to-day, so far as intrastate com-
merce is concerned, we find him in the
same old vulnerable position that he
has always been in, forced to defend
himself by private action against
powerful and well financed competi-
tors. He needs to-day, if he is to de
fend himself from annihilation, the
powerful additional relief that a state
commission patterned after the Fed-
eral Trade ‘Commission, with like
powers and duties, can give him. And
the public needs this kind of a weapon
if it too is to protect itself from
monopoly, and to save to itself the
benefits of free and fair competition.
The small business man to-day has
little or no redress in the Federal law.
He desperately needs state legislation
that will protect him.

This is the situation, and this is the
issue. It is one of the biggest issues
before the people to-day. Over 400,-
000 independent merchants, it is as-
serted, have been destroyed in the last
few years. In the meantime the chains
have been growing apace. It is also
asserted that in another twenty-five
years this country will be completely
“chained” if the chains continue to
grow and expand as they have been
during the past five years.

Aroused as to the gravity of this
angle of the plight of the independents,
our National trade leaders are plan-
ning to take this ‘fight into all the state
legislatures, and to demand that the
states supplement the Federal law with
like legislation that will declare unfair
methods of competition unlawful in
intrastate commerce, and that will set
up the necessary administrative ma-
chinery to enforce such a provision.

In line with this purpose, the Na-
tional Association of Retail Druggists,
at its annual convention at Detroit,
passed the following resolution:

“Whereas, since 1914 the Federal
Trade ‘Commission act prohibiting un-
fair methods of competition has been
on the statute books, and

Whereas, much of its effectiveness
has ‘been lost because it applies to acts
and practices in interstate commerce,
and

Whereas, most of the business in
which retail druggists are engaged in
is in intrastate commerce, or business
conducted within the state, therefore
be it

Resolved, That the National As-
sociation of Retail Druggists, in thirty-
third annual convention, at Detroit,
Michigan, recommend to the state
pharmaceutical associations in those
states not having a law prohibiting un-
fair methods of competition that bills
be introduced at the next session of the
state legislature providing for a law
patterned after the Federal ‘Trade
Commission act.”

The National Association of Beauty
and Barber Supply Dealers passed a

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

like resolution at its convention, at
St. Louis.
One of the reasons why the writer

does not believe that the graduated ~

sales tax law as introduced at the last
session of the legislature will prove
an effective remedy as a legal curb and
restraint against the chains is because
such a law does not intend, nor can it
possibly, meet this problem of unfair
trade practices. If it be true that un-
fair methods of competition underlie
and have made possible the growth of
the chains, then little damage can be
done to the chains until you can cor-
rect and eliminate these practices. If
the flagrancy of the present-day evils
of price cutting are due to underlying,
secret terms, agreements, understand-
ing and practices that are open to con-
demnation, and that cannot stand a
pitiless exposure, then you are in no
wise mitigating these evils by imposing
a graduated tax upon sales. A law
that in effect condones these unfair
methods of competition, and _ that
seeks to profit thereby in proportion
to the success of such practices, can-
not possibly act as a corrective.

The problem is a more fundamental
one than that and it can be remedied
only by a fundamental law that will
strike at these fundamental practices
complained of.

But a state law declaring unfair
methods of competition unlawful and
setting up an administrative agency
for its enforcement: will act as a de-
cided check and restraint upon the
chains and upon anybody else guilty
of unfar trade practices; and will go
further towards saving the indepen-
dent merchant and restoring free and
fair competition than any way now
available to us.

Montague W. Ripley.
—_++.+—____

Need of Fresh Air For Maintenance
of Health.

The money question very properly
is a matter of great discussion these
days. Indeed, the subject is pre-
eminent in the minds of bankers,
statesmen and citizens alike. However,
no matter how vital to the stability of
each one of us dollars may be, it must
not be forgotten that there are some
exceedingly important commodities
that demand neither gold nor silver to
obtain them. Notable among these is
fresh air,

However, the mere fact that one
does not have to buy a ticket, or other-
wise spend money to obtain it, in itself
is apparently a drawback to the fullest
exercise of its blessings. At least,
such is the impression that is given by
thousands of people who give little
time and attention to fresh air, and
much time and some money for the
privilege of being in atmospheric con-
ditions, which, to express it generous-
ly, can hardly be called fresh,

The dance hall, the movie theater
and the evening “bridge”—not to men-
tion ‘banquets and other large public
indoor gatherings—are not especially
notable for their purity of atmosphere.
Yet it can be said that hundreds of
thousands more hours each day and
night are regularly devoted to these
types of things than in the acquisition
of body and health building outdoor
air.

There is no desire to imply that the

commercial and social phases of life
should be discarded or even minimized
for a fanatical quest of the great out-
doors. The point to be stressed is that
in spite of ‘ai‘r-washed” atmosphere
now to be found in the large places of
amusement, and improved ventilation
in modern homes, the body of the
average mature citizen who works in-
doors needs more fresh air than it is
now obtaining. One indeed is not
compelled to curtail his or ‘her amuse-
ment inclinations at all if, in addition,
a daily conscientious effort is made to
spend at least one hour out of the 24
in the open. A brisk walk of several
miles with a good companion is an ex-
ceedingly pleasant method of obtaining
this important factor of Nature’s
bounty.

When it is appreciated that the
clean, pure outside atmosphere, cheap
as it is, is the original product manu-
factured for the lungs and blood and
that ‘the health associated with it is at
least as much to ‘be desired as a good
time, more persons will get fresh with
fresh air than are doing so to-day.

Dr. Theodore B. Appel.
—_+~++____
Guarding Children From Infectious
Ailments.

Of all communicable diseases which
are reported in New York State about
one-half occur among children. The
recent White House Conference on
Child 'Health and Protection revealed
the fact that nearly 3,000,000 cases of
communicable diseases are reported in
this country annually. These diseases
result in about 15 per cent. of the total
deaths.

In addition to the deaths and the
economic and social losses from cases,
one must add the permanent disabili-
ties resulting from communicable,
diseases which may handicap the child
through his entire life. From 50 to 75
per cent. of our crippled children owe
their condition to infantile paralysis
and tuberculosis. Blindness, damaged
hearts and kidneys, increased suscept-
ibility ‘to other infections, are all found
in the wake of communicable diseases
among children,

Parents who want happy, healthy
children and public health officials
who devote their time to promotion of
child health are co-operating to use
every known effective means of con-
trol. The family physician is in the
best position to help the children keep
healthy and he should be consulted
early.

Periodic health examinations of
children and known protective meas-
ures are the first requisites for main-
tenance of health.

Two procedures which are to-day
preventive measures of proven value
are vaccination against smallpox and
immunization against diphtheria. In
the early part of the nineteenth cen-
tury smallpox committed its chief rav-
ages upon children about two years of
age. One-fifth of all children born
died of smallpox before they were 10
years old, and one-third of all the
deaths of children were due to small-
pox. Diphtheria and smallpox are ab-
solutely controllable, and yet localized
epidemics of both keep occurring in
this country.

During the last ten years over 500,-
000 cases of smallpox were reported

a

Forty-eighth Anniversary

in the United States. Last year there
were about 10 outbreaks of smallpox
in up4State New York and a total of
327 cases. In the United States, the
last record showed that 57 per cent. of
all diphtheria deaths occurred in chil-
dren under five. This percentage is
considerably less in New York State,
chiefly due to the recent intensive
diphtheria immunization campaign.
Dr. H. Jackson Davis.

—~++>—_—_
Weight Normalcy and Methods of
Attainment.

If magazine and newspaper articles
and advertisements are any indication
of the number of people in the United
States to-day who are overweight, it
must ‘be admitted that of the mature
population a vast number are in that
condition. And, on the other hand,
one has but to observe the people on
the street to realize that a great many
of them are too thin. Indeed, normal-
cy is the exception.

It goes without saying that if one
has foolishly allowed himself to be-
come too heavy, serious consideration
should be given to the problem of re-
gaining normal weight. But the diffi-
culty in this connection is that many
persons who realize the folly of their
over-indulgence, ‘fall’ for diet fads
and harmful reduction methods,

Entirely forgetting that perhaps
years were involved in adding the ex-
cess weight, the average person who
finally ‘becomes convinced that some-
thing be done about the matter de-
velops an unreasonable impatience and
therefore seeks a method that in a few
weeks will remove the accumulation
of many months.

And indeed there is no doubt that
semi-starvation of one type or another
will do the trick, But such an im-
position upon nature is exceedingly
dangerous and most certainly should
be avoided, “Eighteen pounds in 18
days” and similar seductive slogans
sound very dramatic, but such drastic
measures involve for most persons a
real risk,

‘No one should embark on a reduc-
tion program without first having ob-
tained a physician’s advice. But it is
equally important that the man or
woman who is underweight seeks
medical advice. And the sooner the
better. Barring disease, bad habits
such as the excessive use of stimulants
and improper food habits are usually
at the bottom of this condition,

It should be understood that wheth-
er fat or thin, everyone has a normal
weight standard. 'To attain it through
scientifically approved methods and
then maintain it should mean added
years of life—a worth-while effort in-
deed. Dr. Theodore 'B. Appel.

~> >
If a person loses money in stock

transactions is he entitled to claim an
allowance for ‘net loss” in computing
his income tax? Not necessarily, says
a bulletin from the Treasury Depart-
ment. If dealing in stocks is his
“trade or business,” he is entitled to
the deduction; it must be a regular oc-
cupation though not necessarily the
sole one. Each case is decided upon
its merits, but the business man who
takes a casual flyer in the stock market
will not be permitted the allowance.
The treasury is interested only in his
gains,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     
   
 

     

9
cate.

os ARR

ny

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

47

 

 

 

 

nclude Judgment... .
. » » » In your. Bequests

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GRAND RAPIDS TRUST COMPANY

 

 

 

48

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

 

Intelligence, Education and Integrity
Make For Success.

In using the above title we are pleas-
ed to say at the outset that when the
word “fundamental” is used, and es-
pecially during the last ten or twenty
years, that a different definition or
construction is put upon it than in
previous years.

Our first thought is of the Preacher
of the Gospel, who on account of his
extreme beliefs and expressions is
sometimes termed a “Fundamentalist.”
During a period of years much was
read and spoken as regards so called
“fundamentalists”, and it is our opinion
that much time was wasted and a large
amount of faith disturbed. The facts
are that in all the walks of life and in
every phase of life, the term “funda-
mental” is of more meaning and more
value than we anticipate or realize. It
is not our intent in this contribution
to discuss religious questions but to
refer to two or three fundamentals in
all life which if properly noticed and
realized would make a fast difference
in human efforts and achievements.

It is almost foolish to write articles
or make speeches along these lines,
but when we turn our attention and
our thoughts to the business world, it is
not amiss to refer to fundamentals. If
what we believe to be fundamentals,
and to which we will refer later, had
been observed faithfully during the last
ten years, we are very sure that we
would not have arrived at the place
where we find ourselves today. So far
we have assumed a position in this
contribution which will indicate that
we ought at least to say something in
this article that will have a ring to it.

In the first place in genuine business
prosperity, intelligence is a primary re-
If you will look over the
operations of financial institutions,
manufacturing, merchandising, etc., you
will recall many instances where in the
haste of “good times” not only indi-
viduals but corporations have gone into
business of some particular kind, and a
group of men would get together and
after formulating the proposition would
find that they then pledged themselves
to some particular person to be chief,
or as we might say, “manager” of the
business. In a vast numiber of in-
stances this would be done through
favoritism or something of that kind
and without a sure and complete con-
sideration of the necessary intelligence
on the part of the man who was to be
selected and appointed. It is an actual
fact in commercial records that the
failures of personal or institutional un-
dertakings can be attributed in many
instances to a lack of intelligent com-
prehension of the task that is to be
undertaken. It is a regrettable fact
that in this country the majority of
young people who are looking
face into the future, and who are just
about to make some choice in life by
reason of their own volition or by the
urging of others, make a decision with-
out weighing the facts as to whether
their intelligence is sufficient or not.
A statement of this kind would seem
to be contradictory to the general in-
clination of all things to-day. The facts

quirement.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

are that intelligence is cumulative, and
there are too few young men or young
women to-day who are wililng to be
apprentices for a time in the lines in
which they expect to give their life’s
best efforts.

Formerly great men and women of
our country were perfectly willing and
content to spend years studying the
rudiments and fundamentals of some
particular line so that in after years
they could occupy positions of im-
portance. An intelligent comprehension
of a task or undertaking.in life is ab-
solutely necessary.

There is a second fundamental that
we desire to accentuate. A distinguish-
ed writer of the past in a contribu-
tion to a certain periodical has made
this statement that “Education is our

 

takings of life, is not up to date and
does not know what the world is doing.
The writer of this article was once
in the office of a man who was at the
head of the Business Administration
Department of one of our greatest uni-
versities—there was in his presence a
young man who had just graduated
from the Literary Department, and
this superintendent stated to this young
man “if you will come to me and at-
tend my Business Administration De-
partment for two years, I will guaran-
tee you a first-class position in some
leading institution of the country.”
Or in other words that superintendent
realized the intelligence of the young
man, the collegiate education that he
had received, and his standing, and
then if he could have him for two years

Lee M. Hutchins.

capital for the future.’ There are yet
a few people in our country who think
that which we ordinarily term “educa-
tion” is not necessary—there are a few
men and women who are willing to
say “that I did not have any education
and schooling and I have succeeded
fairly well, and why spend all this time
and money for an education.” There
are certain people who will point to
some man or woman who is a failure
and say in a derisive way, “that person
had a good education.” The truth is
that with the education we must have
that fundamental intelligence to which
we refer, or a tendency at least in that
direction to apply that education. The
man or woman who takes the position
that education in any particular sense
is not a capital asset for the under-

and teach him the detail of application,
he would secure for him a place in life’s
undertakings that would be worth
while.

Now not all men can have a thor-
ough collegiate education, but after the
high school, the world is a university
and the man or woman who does not
study the Book of Life’s Experiences
every hour and every day, is not at-
tending the great school that God AI-
mighty intended us to be students of
every hour of our lives.

The third and final remark that we
desire to make is that individual in-
tegrity is the necessary bulwark of
success in any and all walks of life.
There is now, and there has been in
this country, too much inclination for
men to say “I can get by with it.”

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

There has been too much disposition
to “put it over.” There has been too
much inclination, under high pressure,
to dispose of personal property especial-
ly, to say nothing about real estate, at
fictitious values simply to derive a
benefit and secure a profit regardless
of value. Such operations of course
bring quick results to the benefit of the
operator in a financial way, but when
value is disregarded and when lack of
integrity is a party to the transaction,
the results are never good.

There is another phase especially in
the business world, and that is the mat-
ter of integrity from the standpoint of
what we sometimes call truth and
veracity. We regret to say that there
are men in the business world, and we
use the term in a broad sense, who
have been perfectly willing to shade
the truth in order to benefit by so
doing—there are men who have been
willing to make contracts with a hidden
determination in heart and mind that
they would never fulfill those contracts.
All these things are like over-drawing
a bank account—some day the cash
book must be balanced.

Therefore, without further detail, we
believe that we are safe in saying that
business of all kinds would be more
prosperous, and would be more highly
regarded if intelligence, education and
integrity were the fundamental prin-

Lee M. Hutchins.
weer et
Good Grocery Store Slogans.

Get busy with your lettering brush,
or a stick and a bottle of ink, if you
have nothing else, and write out some
of these slogans and post them in your
store. Use them in window displays,
hand bills and circulars.

“A Dollar’s Worth for a Dollar or
the Dollar Back.”

“Famous for Food.”

“The House of Quality,
and ‘Service.’

“A Naborly Naborhood Store.”

“The Man Who Does Not Sell
Cheap Goods but Sells Good Goods
Cheap.”

“Trade with Us and Bank the Dif-
ference.”

“Good Things to Eat.”

“A Good Place to Trade.”

“Phone for Good Food.”

“The Home of Quality Groceries.”

“Groceries of Quality.”

“Where the Good Things
From.”

“Quality Groceries at Right Prices.”

“Retailers of High Quality Foods
Since 1895,”

“Distributors
Fat.”

“The Sanitary Grocery.”

“The Store of Quality and Service.”

“Where You Get Quality, Service,
Satisfaction.”

“The Place for Good Groceries.”

“Everything Good to Eat.”

“The Home of Good Things to Eat.”

“The Store with the ‘Better Service.”

“Better Foods.”

“Everything for the Family in Gro-
ceries and Meats.”

“Better Foods—Lower Prices,”

“The Best Place to Trade After All,”

“The ‘Most of the Best for the
Least.”

“Where You Get What You Want

ciples.

Courtesy

Come

of Good Things to

-When You Want ‘It.”

 

#

=

 

o—

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

49

 

 

LAKE ODESSA CANNING COMPANY

Lake Odessa, Michigan

COOL

THE experience of successful
canners has conclusively demon-
strated that the first step in proper
canning is to select the proper loca-
tion, a location preferably where
not one but many items of quality
may be profitably grown.

A location naturally adapted
with proper soil and weather con-
ditions will naturally produce
superior flavor and quality.

Lake Odessa Canning Com-
pany, located in Southern Ionia
County in the heart of a vast terri-
tory suited to the growing of a gen-
eral line of vegetables specializes
on those vegetables which are par-
ticularly succulent at the proper

harvest time. The variety of its
pack provides a diversification of
items and thereby enables the
buyer to obtain the minimum rate
of freight without the necessity of
warehousing straight cars of single
items.

This institution, created with
the idea of being better able to
serve Michigan Wholesalers and
retail dealers through geographic
location, better service, and
more complete co-operation, has
doubled and trebled its capacity
during the past twelve years in the
effort to keep pace with the grow-
ing demand for properly processed
products of high quality.

Nr)

BRANDS

LITTLE BOY BLUE
CREAM O’ GARDEN
PONTIAC
COMMONWEALTH

ODESSA

FIRST CALL

BUNNY CLUB
IONIA
RADIO

 

 

50

GREAT ENGLISH MERCHANT.

 

H. Gordon Selfridge, Who Started His
Career in Jackson.

H. Gordon Selfridge, born in 1864
of fighting stock that had gone West
to carve a fortune out of the American
frontier, did it—then went East and
pioneered across the Atlantic to be-
come the American merchant prince of
London.

The family had been genuine Yankee
for generations.  Selfridge’s father
fought for the North in the Civil War
and died while Gordon was a small
child, ‘His mother, left with no money,
in a small town, supported herself and
her son by teaching in the high school.

Gordon went to the public school in
his home town and his first job was
that of junior check boy in a dry goods
store during the long summer vacation.
He had to take the bills and coin to
the cashier and bring back the change
and “make himself generally useful.”

He drew 6 shillings per week—not
bad for a 10 year old in those days—
and by the end of the summer had
graduated into a bundle wrapper.

About the time he was 14, the boy
was recommended for the United
States Naval Academy at Annapolis.
One side of his family had been in the
navy from its beginning, but the naval
doctor turned him down for being a
quarter inch too short.

“Determined to think for himself and
make his own way, the boy over-rode
the strenuous insistence of his mother
that he continue his education and got
work in a bank in Jackson, Mich.,
where he stayed two years learning
how to manage figures,

Determined to work up and willing
to risk comparative security for a post
with opportunity, he took up a friend’s
offer of introduction to the firm of
Field, Leiter & Co., ‘Chicago, and faced
the great adventure of a big city.

Marshall Field made the man he was
later to take into partnership a stock-
man in the basement of the wholesale
house and his man thoroughly learned
the business and soon became a gen-
eral salesman,

One day he saw lying on a hotel
table the illustrated catalogue of a
great Eastern store,

He went East at his own expense to
study its special features and when he
came back, the improvements he sug-
gested induced Marshall Field to ask
him to go into the retail end of the
business and learn the whole thing.

In a year and a half he had mastered
the management of the business and
a year and a half later accepted the in-
terest in the firm which he retained
until his retirement in 1903.

‘He soon found himself too young,
too energetic to retire and felt himself
drawn to London. In 1906 he went
over and after spending three years
absorbing the ways of the British and
in preparing, opened Selfridge & Co.
March 15, 1909.

The immediate success of the store
and its subsequent phenomenal growth
are common knowledge. Selfridge &
Co., in London, and Selfridge Pro-
vincial Stores, Ltd., now merchandise
to all Great Britain. If placed end to
end the 530 shop windows of the Self-
ridge interests would stretch for 1%
miles and if placed on top of one an-

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

“other the buildings would make a

structure 67 stories in height with a
total floor space of 21 acres.

He is an ardent patron of the theater
and an inveterate first-nighter. He
has one strict rule—he refuses to think
of ‘business after he closes his office
door.

“T like the relaxation of good books,
of pleasant company and of good en-
tertainment,” he says. “I am a be-
liever in a sense of humor and I refuse.
to take my office duties into my home
and private life, but I enjoy every
minute of business: for business is
great fun, a wonderful adventure and
an unending source of amusement and
interest.”

—_+++
The Salesman’s Creed.

A prominent wholesale grocery house
has issued the following creed for the
benefit of its salesmen under the title
“Tf I Were a Salesman”:

If I were a salesman I would first
satisfy myself that the merchandise
I was selling was the best on the
market; first, as to quality; second, as
to price, and third, business policy.

I'd satisfy myself that the organ-
ization with which I was connected
was one that I could conscientiously
work for and respect.

I’d learn my line and also my com-
petitors’ lines in detail, and know ex-
actly what I had to offer in the way
of quality and price as compared with
the other fellow.

I’d school myself in approach and
try it out from all angles—selecting
the one that produced the best results.

I'd standardize my sales talk and
present it clearly and distinctly, elim-
inating useless words, and_ refrain
from the use of slang.

I'd try to be a high-class, dignified
salesman and win the respect of my
customers.

I'd follow up every lead given me
by a customer and try to cite to him
an example of where some of my
other customers had profited by the
same situation.

I'd keep in touch with my trade at
all times, and I’d cultivate the ac-
quaintance of evrybody in the store,
remembering that the clerks of to-day
become the dealers of to-morrow.

I’d carry a memorandum book ar-
ranged alphabetically, in which Id
write the name and hobby of every
merchant and clerk in my territory.

I’d put my business on a friendship
basis just as soon as possible by cater-
ing to the friendship of everyone with
whom I came in contact.

I'd keep a suggestion book and pass
on suggestions that I considered of
value.

I’d endeavor to command every in-
terview.

I’d learn the place to get enthusi-
astic, the place to get solemn, the place
to bang my firsts on the merchant's
counter, and the place to shut my
mouth and keep quiet.

I’d defend my house to the last
breath!

I’d remember where my pay check
came from.

I'd develop a personality—by know-
ing my business.

I'd be particular about my personal
appearance.

I’d have a clean collar and a clean
face every morning.

I’d be particular about my sample
line and about my personal letters.

I’d be careful about my conduct, so
as to leave no chance for criticism.

I'd keep a careful record of my
sales, and also my expenses, and I’d
figure my quota on a daily basis—and
I’d strive to get it every day.

I'd follow instructions from the
house implicitly and co-operate with
all departments.

I’d consider myself the representa-
tive of the business in the territory
where I traveled, and act accordingly.

I'd work six days a week of at
least eight to ten hours per day.

I’d have a purpose in view for each
man I sold—to build him up if he was
weak, to encourage him if depressed,
to give him a broader view of busi-
ness and life, and make him success-
ful by using his own resources.

I’d send in to the house suggestions
as I picked them up in my travels
that seemed to me to be worth con-
sidering.

I’d be cheerful and optimistic at all
times, or at least appear so to the
trade, for it is the fellow with the
cheery voice and the broad smile and
the surplus enthusiasm that makes
the best impression.

Such is my idea of being a sales-
man.

———_+++—____
Two New Varieties of Tomatoes
Developed.

Two new varieties of tomatoes re-
cently developed by the Department
of Agriculture—the Marglobe popular
with canners, and the Break o’ Day,
excellent for table use—are winning
widespread approval among growers,
the Department of Agriculture stated
Sept. 14 in announcing the issuance
of a new bulletin, ‘Tomatoes as a
Truck Crop,” in which the new varie-
ties are described.

The Department’s
follows in full text:

The Marglobe and Break o’ Day,
two wilt-resistant tomato varieties de-
veloped within the last few years by
the United States Department of Agri-
culture, have won the approval of
growers, it is indicated in \Farmers’
Bulletin 1338-F, Tomatoes as a Truck
Crop, recently issued by the: Depart-
ment.

The Marglobe is popular with can-
ners. Break o’ Day is a little earlier
than Marglobe and is destined to be-
come generally used in the South, par-
ticularly Florida. It is excellent for
table use.

The bulletin indicates that the Mar-
globe and the Gulf State Market varie-
ties are replacing the Acme and Beau-
ty in the Southern growing regions;
the Marglobe is replacing the Acme
and the Stone in the North Central
region.

The bulletin includes recent informa-
tion on growing, gathering and pre-
paring tomatoes for market and is a
revision of an edition published several
years ago. It reports recent statistics

announcement

and current growing practices. To-
matoes are our third most important

sacra nine regaeincnsagispetansiii/ am sei sk eaeeiise san PETS TS

Forty-eighth Anniversary

truck crop, and growers ship about
32,000 cars of early or intermediate
tomatoes annually.

Many of the suggestions have been
gleaned from the experience of suc-
cessful truck growers. The bulletin
was written by W. R. Beattie, one of
the Department's horticulturists, and
includes the following topics: Soils,
crop rotation, varieties, seed, sources,
methods of sowing seed, hotbeds and
coldframes, growing plants, preparing
land, fertilizers, field planting, cultiva-
tion, irrigation, staking and pruning,
insects and diseases, and gathering and
preparing the crop for market.

—_ 2+ >

Thoroughness in Cleansing Teeth as
Preservative.

There are a great many articles that
to day are sold on the health urge.
Scan the advertisements in any mag-
azine and it will be noted that many
things are offered for sale because of
the alleged benefit to health involved
in their use. No article has in this
connection been more widely, and in-
cidentally, successfully exploited than
toothpaste,

‘However, it must be understood that
toothpaste is neither a medicine nor a
tonic. It will have performed its en-
tire function when it has cleansed the
teeth. One has no right to expect or
demand more of this essential aid to
mouth hygiene. Extravagant claims
are not supported by the facts. More-
over, if toothpastes contained other
than cleansing constituents, in all prob-

ability they would harm rather than do.

good to the teeth.

When one has eliminated the use of
any product of this character which
might scratch and thus damage the
enamel of the teeth, the matter re-
solves itself almost literally to a matter
of taste—and proper use.

‘It can truthfully be said that the ma-
jority of toothpastes on the market are
perfectly safe to use and equally ef-
fective as cleansing agents. But it can
also be remarked that all toothpastes
and powders can fall far short of ful-
filling their destiny because the user is
slipshod and careless in his application
of them.

Perhaps it will be disappointing to
some to learn that a 50 per cent, salt
solution or a bit of ordinary baking
soda on the brush is just about as
efficient a cleanser as can be obtained.
However, it is much pleasanter and
quite as well to employ the nice-tasting
and nice-smelling pastes and powders
offered for sale by the many concerns
manufacturing such products.

Therefore, one should choose _ his
paste or powder on the basis of the
appearance of the container and the
taste of its contents, if he feels in-
clined to do so, but he should let in-
telligent and conscientious application
be the daily rule. ‘One should there-
fore give his favorite toothpaste or
powder a chance to render a real ser-
vice. It cannot be obtained otherwise.

Dr. C. J. Hollister.

—_+-+—_____

Make the language of your adver-

tisements understandable by a fourteen

year old and your message will reach
more people than if told in high brow
or technical terms.

 

 

cet ag RR ERIN 2 mers o 2. *

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 51

 

MICHIGAN HARDWARE COMPANY

Strictly Wholesale
GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN

 

Factory Brand Goods
To the Hardware Dealers:

We are pleased to announce to the hardware trade of Michigan that
our third general catalogue, illustrating and describing our entire line, is now
ready for distribution. We hope the care we have taken to compile this book,
containing a representation of goods made by reputable maufacturers, will
enable you to find your needs therein.

~ =
Naser remmnnaERyET TTT *

During the past five years many changes have occurred in the manu-
facturing of merchandise. We desire you to know, when selecting goods,
that our shipments will consist of factory advertised brands, made under
modern methods and of the latest design.

ae

Mail orders are given careful attention and filled and priced in as pains-
taking manner as though you gave it to the salesman who calls on you. We
invite your confidence.

Phone calls are handled similarly and can be easily interpreted if you
will check up your wants from this book, using the correct numbers apply-
§ ing to each item.

To phone us, ask operator for 4477. When connected, enquire, if nec-
essary, for party to whom you desire to speak. Using this method, the ex-
pense of a ‘‘person to person call” is eliminated.

Telephone and mail orders are credited to the salesman working the
territory. '

Many of the lists are our own. Others are those of manufacturers, so
established to enable you to resell at these prices. They are subject to fluc-
tuation without notice as conditions become adjusted.

The bulk of our merchandise arrives in car lots. Being located on a rail-
road siding, these goods can be unloaded into our building economically.

It has been our ambition and pleasure to compile this book and we hope
Tf you will derive much benefit from it. In the passing of each business day,
may it do us both some good.

ALL ORDERS SHIPPED THE SAME DAY AS RECEIVED.

€ These are our standard bearers:

M. J. KILEY, 1025 Fairmount St., S. E., Grand Rapids, Michigan
A. UPTON, 820 Michigan St., Petoskey, Michigan

J. E. HEFFRON, 1935 Collins Ave., S. E., Grand Rapids, Michigan
V. G. SNYDER, 519 E. Garfield Ave., Cadillac, Michigan

W. L. GRAHAM, 721 Forest St., Kalamazoo, Michigan

L. L. TAYLOR, 138 Durand St., East Lansing, Michigan

H. E. DEWEY, 410 West End St., Alma, Michigan

C. VAN HOUTUM, 70 Diamond Ave., N. E., Grand Rapids, Michigan
E. M. JOHNSON, 5632 16th St., Detroit, Michigan

 

 

 

 

 

52

MARKETING CANNED FOODS.

 

Conditions Affecting Distribution By
Foodstuffs Division.

It may have proved of little intefest
to the layman when he read in the
newspaper that there were approxi-
mately 22,000,000 cases of canned peas
packed in 1930, but to the trade dealing
in peas the information was of im-
mense value, The ‘figures told a story
of another fluctuation in the pack that
had to be considered by the industry,
which necessarily must scan facts and
figures to maintain its margin of profit
year in and year out. For instance,
publication of those figures revealed
an increase in pack of canned peas
from approximately 13,000,000 cases in
1927 that was out of all proportion to
the growth in this country’s population
and the news, therefore, was not too
heartening to the trade.

This instance reveals, however, an
indication of the service that the Food-
stuffs Division of the Department of
‘Commerce attempts to render. It
seeks, and in recent years actually has
been able to keep the different lines of
trade informed of the whole situation
with which they are concerned.
Whether the line be peas ,or corn, to-
mato juice and cocktails, mayonnaise
or salad dressing, or green and wax
beans, it is the purpose to keep them
advised on all factors influencing the
whole trade, foreign or domestic. Ob-
viously, each individual interest must
work out individual problems, but
there is no longer doubt as to the
efficacy and value of trade statistics.

And, just here, let it be said with
emphasis: Time is the essence of the
task. Trade statistics age very rapidly,
and they are of no value when they
become history. The Division, there-
fore, has its plans ready to tell the
trade simultaneously next January
what the rate of movement of canned
goods has been during the last quarter

of the year. The National Wholesale
Grocers Association, the ‘National

Food Brokers, and the National 'Can-
ned ‘Goods Association will hold an-
nual conventions simultaneously, and
the information in complete statistical
form, without reference to prices or
price trends, and without opinion, will
be made available to those three great
organizations which virtually embrace
the foodstuffs field of canned foods.
When the associations receive the fig-
ures, they will make their programs
for the succeeding canning season up-
on that basis, and whether the pack
will be increased or reduced will de-
pend upon the story toid in figures.
The work done by the Division is
predicated wholly on voluntary co-
operation of the trade. It has no
mandatory powers, such as has the
Bureau of the Census, to compel sub-
mission of information. But the
trade recognizes the value and itself
submits the figures that are necessary
for compilation to show the true con-
dition in whatever industry is con-
cerned. In fact, the compilations made
by the Division in every instance were
inaugurated at the request of the par-
ticular industry. That is the reason
the Division receives voluntary reports
at proper times from enough of the
industry to cover from 90 per cent. to
95 per cent. of the total pack annually.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

iAdverting again to the question of
time in assembling the information,
this example may show what is being
done. On Aug, 14, the last report
from a canner in a given industry was
received. It enabled compilation of
the totals of the pack in every line of
that industry. The figures were re-
leased for publication Aug. 26, and the
trade knew where it stood at once.

The Division has its work to do in
the export as well as in the domestic
field. It is in constant contact with
the far-flung offices of the Department
of Commerce. The trade commission-
ers, the commercial attaches, the con-
suls and others have their instructions
and communications are being ex-
changed continuously, all in the inter-
est of the trade which, whether indi-
vidually or collectively, requires in-
formation of varying sort of such great
importance that it spells the difference
between profit and loss on the year’s
operation.

It was only ten years ago in August
that the Division was organized.
There was one specialist, one clerk
and a messenger. The Division roll
now numbers thirty-two, and there is
work for. more as the scope of its
studies and aids to trade expands.

Only last year, for example, the first
attempt to get accurate information on
the packing of tomato j:tice and cock-
tails was made. It was highly suc-
cessful, and for the first time the coun-
try was apprised of the importance of
this new line of commercial endeavor.

Two years ago, the Division began
assembling information on jams, jellies
and preserves. The first year’s call
brought information from about 30 per
cent, of the pack. In 1930, the infor-
mation covered about 46 per cent. of
the pack. It is matural to expect,
therefore, that in another two years
figures will be available for the com-
plete, or nearly complete, pack of
these commodities and another indus-
try will be advised as to the facts and
circumstances affecting its business
and its-markets.

Thus, it may be repeated that one set
of figures published in a newspaper
may lose their import to one lay read-
er, but their value to that reader in the
end is hardly open to question. It is
relatively unimportant to the layman
that the Argentine and Rumania re-
quire all merchandise of an acid char-
acter shall be shipped in inside-lacquer-
ed tins, but when a firm was just
about to engage in export trade it was
vital that they be advised: of that re-
quirement which the Division gladly
did, as well as supply it with other in-
formation. The combination of these
things mean in the end a better ad-
justment of supply and demand; they
tend to reduce waste and when they
reduce waste they serve to provide bet-
ter commodities at reasonable and less
fluctuating prices, a matter of common
good,

The Patent Office, which is one of
the Bureaus of the Department, has
played a very large and important role
in the development of the canning and
preserving industry. Through that
office there passes a steady stream of
applications and decisions thereon af-
fecting the almost limitless range of
things that enter into the various
phases and branches of these indus-

tries. The Patent Office is an essen-

tial factor in the development of every

American business.
R. S. Hollingshead,

Foodstuffs Division, Départment of
Commerce,

-_—_—_+-+ >
Suppressing the Sale of Fraudulent
Securities.

One authority estimates that inves-
tors in securities in the United States
are annually swindled out of $1,700,-
000,000. This staggering figure does
not represent money lost on poor in-
vestments because of poor judgment,
but represents money actuallly stolen.
In other words, nearly one-tenth of
what the American people save is an-
nually lost. This wastage amounts to
about one-half of the annual bill of
the United States for educational pur-

poses,

A large percentage of fraudulent se-
curities are sold and_ distributed
through the mails or other agencies of
communication which extends beyond
state lines. The Federal Government
has met this situation by extending its
functions both through the 'Post Office
Department and the Department of
Justice, and every state in the Union,
except two, has enacted “blue sky
laws” in an attempt to meet the situa-
tion locally.

‘The situation still exists, however,
in spite of the efforts of National and
state officials, better ‘business bureaus
and local organizations to reduce
fraudulent financial schemes. A great
deal has been accomplished, and if it
were not for the activities of Federal,
state and other agencies, this sum
would probably be many times larger
than that now estimated.

Although much has been accomp-
lished, this. tremendous annual loss in-
dicates the necessity of increased ac-
tivities. ‘Neither Federal nor state
laws can change human desires and
as long as guillibility and greed exist

we will always have the “get-rich-

quick” promoter and the “sucker”

among us.

The problem then is how to reduce
further the annual loss. The officials
of a number of states have reached
the conclusion that the present system
of reducing the number of issuers and
distributors who engage in the fraud-
ulent securities racket should go fur-
ther and some method devised for re-
ducing the “sucker” list by an educa-
tional program. No legislation can be
devised or enforced which will take
the place of accurate knowledge and
sound judgment in connection with in-
vestments,

In many states, pamphlets and book-
lets have been placed in the hands of
the public in an effort to teach the
fundamentals of “blue sky’ enforce-
ment, economy and wise investing.
Radio can be used to advantage by
law-enforcing officials to give informa-
tion regarding the fundamentals of
wise investing,

Many millions of dollars now wasted
can be saved if every person who con-
templates purchasing securities will
give serious consideration to the fol-

‘lowing fundamentals of wise invest-

ment:
1, Communicate with your securi-
ties department and ascertain if the

Forty-eighth Anniversary

issuer and salesman have complied
with the state laws.

2. Take your time and make en-
quiries about any investment you are
urged to buy. If haste is urged in
buying a security, go slow in buying.
Regardless of what the security sales-
man says do not be in a hurry. There
will be just as good bargains next
year. A sound security does not need
any high pressure to sell it.

3. If you want to find out whether
a man is honest, do not take his own
word for it. ‘Consult your banker,
better business bureau, chamber of
commerce, “blue sky” department and
other people. ‘The circulars sent out
by crooked dealers sound just a sgood
as those sent out by a dealer who is
honest and has a good reputation.

4. A piece of paper is only a piece
of paper and fine engraving does not
increase its value. Hundreds of thou-
sands of people pay immense sums for
pieces of paper because someone calls
them securities. A security is worth
only what is behind it—what it repre-
sents—and it does not carry on its
face any proof of what value is behind
it. Find out what is behind the secur-
ity from an independent source.

5. (If a man wants to play with his
money it is all right to gamble with it.
If his future depends on the money he
had better not gamble. Do not pur-
chase speculative securities with money
you cannot afford to lose.

6. Do not buy securities on a tip.
Some people give tips on the market
because they do not know any better,
some because they are interested in
having the market go the way they
say, some so they can make a com-
mission either buying or selling for
the person they are advising and soma
even give tips so they can
their customers,

defraud

7. Before you invest—investigate.
Russell S. Callister.

—_>++—___

A California traveling man has put
one over on the Pullman company by
securing a judgment for damages for
baggage lost while in the custody of
one of the company’s porters. The
sleeping car people, who receive a tidy
price for accommodations supplied,
have always held themselves absolved
from any financial responsibility for
articles of value pilfered from their
coaches. Hotel men have been soaked
from time to time, but for some rea-
son, known only to judges and juries,
the Pullman people have always been
exonerated, which, upon its face, is a
rank injustice. If the decision spoken
of runs the guantlet of the Federal
courts, perhaps sleeping car patrons
may be accorded a night’s sleep with-
out placing their valuables under their
pillows.

—_>~+~-+__

You can dissolve everything in the
world, even a great fortune, into atoms.
And the fundamental principles which
govern the handling of postage stamps
and of millions of dollars are exactly
the same. They are the common ue
of business, and the whole practice of
commerce is founded upon them. They
are so simple that a fool can’t learn
them; so hard that a lazy man won't.

Philip D. Armour,

~}- ~

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——

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See

 

“Sewanee

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

53

 

 

In your store....

SHE* looks for flavor and quality

as well as price

* SHE is one of your regular six-can and twelve-can
buyers. Carry a FULL LINE of Hart Brand

and build up her profitable repeat business.

 

Nhe brand wn

Y Olu know - ane

 

    
 

 

 

   

Help her and help yourself by carrying a

full line of Hart Brand Canned Vegetables

and Fruits . . . . grown in Michigan and
packed in Michigan.
The purchaser of every can of Hart Brand

can depend on getting the finest flavor and

quality that Nature produces. Hart Brand

is nationally known as a builder of repeat

patronage.

W. R. Roach & Co., Grand Rapids, Mich.

 

 

 

54

Everlasting Conflict Between English
and French.

Readers of these papers will remem-
ber that when Radisson and Groseillers
went to France to secure what they
called justice, after they had been so
heavily fined for trading with the In-
dians without license, and were unable
to secure satisfaction, they went to the
English. The result was the organ-
ization of the Hudson Bay Company,
which operated just North of what is
now Michigan. When the English re-
placed the French government at De-
troit this company began to spread its
operations Southward, but that move-
ment was stopped by the Pontiac war.
As soon as this war was over this
movement was again under way. The
territory was full of French traders who
greatly resented seeing their trade slip-
ping away to the Hudson Bay Com-
pany. The result was frequent clashes,
many of which became pitched battles
of considerable size. To help their side
of the controversy the Northwest Fur
Company was organized. Competition
was very bitter between these two com-
panies for several years. Whenever
they clashed in the wilderness they just
simply fought it out. Lord Selkirk,
who succeeded in becoming the official
head of the Hudson Bay Company,
took hold of the situation to solve the
war between the two companies in the
frontier and succeeded in uniting them
in a general merger.

Up to this time the whole business
had been carried on by a system of
barter—so much of the commodity the
Indian wanted for so many skins of a
given kind. French brandy and Eng-
lish rum were leading items in nearly
every trade except for the prohibition
at Mackinac and conditions became
such at Detroit that Cadillac, who hat-
ed the prohibition restrictions at Mack-
inac, was obliged to restrict the liquor
trade at Detroit. About 1770 a quan-
tity of New York currency—York cur-
rency as it was called—was introduced
into the colony, and became the medi-
num of exchange, but its standard of
value was always a question and there
grew up a number of peculiar transac-
tions because thereof.

From the days of Champlain the
existence of copper had been known.
Large nuggets sometimes appeared in
the shallow waters of Lake Superior,
and disappeared as sand washed over
them in stormy periods. The Indians
regarded these copper nuggets as Gods
and predicted that something was sure
to happen when they disappeared.
They said at such times that the Gods
were angry and hid themselves. In
1773 there was quite an extensive trip
of exploration for ore and a company
was organized in Engalnd to start min-
ing. Work was commenced and a sloop
was purchased to transport the ore.
After quite a little work had been done
it was found that the expense of min-
ing with the long transportation, which
included two or three places where the
ore had to be unloaded and portaged
around rapids, amounted to more than
the ore sold for. About this time the
mine had a bit of bad luck in the caving
in of the shaft. The result was that
the whole project was abandoned.

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

About this time a man named Philip
DeJean was brought to Detroit and
installed as chief justice of Detroit.
According to the papers which gave
him authority he was to try civil cases
and criminal matters upon which he
was suvposed to have only jurisdiction
to say whether there was enough to
them to hold for trial in Montreal. In
time, however, DeJean assumed to have
authority to try anything. A man
named Joseph Hecker was charged
with murdering his brother-in-law. De-
Jean tried him and had him hanged.
Jean Coutincineau, a Frenchman, and
Ann Wiley, a negress, were tried by
DeJean for robbing a store of some
furs and hardware. DeJean sentenced
them both to be hanged, but could not
find anyone to carry out the sentence.
The woman finally agreed to hang the
man if she could go free. DeJean is
caid to have agreed to do this, but
afterward hanged the woman for all of
his promise.

In 1787 a new plan was placed in
force for distribution of goods to be
used in trading. Central warehouses
were established in various places from
which the traders secured their goods,
instead of going to Montreal for them.
These wholesale houses were at De-
troit, Mackinac, Sault Ste. Marie and
the Grand Portage, Lake Su-
perior. The old trading post estab-
lished at that time at Mackinac Island
is still standing and is a popular at-
traction for tourists.
hotel for a good many years.

near

Back of
the timbers which supoprt the elevator
are tucked a large quantity of papers,
which were placed there by the old
managers of the place for storage and
remain just as they were placed. If
they have ever been out of their place
of storage they have been put back just
as the old traders left them.

In 1774 an act was passed which
became known as the Quebec act,
which really left the English law gov-
erning everyone except the French
Catholic settlers in Michigan, but
placed them under the laws which had
governed them when the region was
French territory. To have two sets
of laws in many matters entirely dif-
ferent in force in the same territory
soon led to very complicated cases. It
was this act which led to the provision
in the Declaration of Independence:
“The free system of English laws has
been abolished in a neighboring prov-
ince, establishing therein an arbitrary
government so as to render it an ex-
ample and a fit instrument for intro-
ducing the same absolute rule in these
colonies.”

In spite of all the unfavorable condi-
tions which developed, settlers grad-
ually came this way. The vicinity of
Detroit was nearly all settled and set-
tlements were developed most of the
way to Monroe. The early French
settlers brought fruit trees. Their seed
were carefully saved and planted so
that orchards soon appeared in all
parts of that section. Some of those
old trees are still alive, especially in
the vicinity of Monroe.

A. Riley Crittenden.
Howell, Michigan.

It was. used as a

Country Stores Are Fifth Highest in
Retail Trade.

Country general stores continue to
be important retail trade outlets, and
half of the people of the Nation are
residents of areas served by retail es-
tablishments located in cities of less
than 10,600 population, Charles D.
Bohann, Census of Distribution spec-
jalist, Bureau of the Census, Depart-
ment of Commerce, stated orally Oct.
12.

Analysis of the Census of Distribu-
tion shows, Mr. Bohann pointed out,
that in 1929 only four other kinds of
stores led the country general store in
the percentage of total retail business
done, that sales of approximately $2,-
000,060,000 show the country establish-
ment is still “in the front rank of re-
tail trade outlets,’ and’that general
stores render very important services
to agricultural producers through pro-
viding outlets for farm products.

Concentration of retail trade in
smaller cities and rural areas is indi-
cated, Mr. Bohann added, by the fact
that 45 per cent. of the 1,549,188 re-
tailers of the United States are located
in towns, cities of less than 10,000 per-
sons, or the open country. These re-
tailers serve areas containing 52 per
cent, of the population of the whole
Nation, Mr. Bohann explained.

Further oral and statistical informa-
tion made available follows:

Although average per capita sales of
retailers in small towns and cities are
only $239 as compared with the average
for the entire country of $407 and from
$546 to $645 for cities in the large-size
group, many cities and towns of less
than 10,000 have an average per capita
sale figure considerably larger than
that for the United States as a whole.

The summary of retail trade recently
compiled by the ‘Bureau of the Census
shows that there are 87,683 general
stores located in small cities, towns
and open country and that their sales,
amounting to $1,927,500,000, represent
about 4 per cent. of the entire retail
trade business of the Nation.

Grocery stores, groceries with meat
markets, department stores, and motor
vehicle sales and service establishments
are the only types of stores which led
the general stores in percentage of re-
tail trade,

The percentage of total retail sales
represented by sales of general stores
in various states ranges from less than
1 per cent, in areas like’New Jersey,
New York and Massachusetts, to 9 per
cent. in Nebraska, 12 per cent. in
North Dakota, and 13 per cent. in
Mississippi. In 32 states the percent-
age of total retail business done by
general stores exceeds the national
average of 4 per cent,

Comparison of sales of general stores
with sales of all retail stores in smaller
towns, shows general stores do 13 per
cent. of the total retail business, Gen-
eral stores in many rural counties lead
in size of sales all other groups except
grocery stores and motor vehicle estab-
lishments, and in a considerable num-
ber of counties lead even these two
exceptions.

A total of 698,536 retailers are situat-
ed in smaller cities and towns and
their total business in 1929 amounted
to $15,387,078,432. These retailers ac-

Forty-eighth Anniversary

count for 30 per cent. of the total re-
tail sales of the United States.

‘The degree to which per capita sales
in small localities may exceed the Na-
tion average of $407 is shown by sev-
eral concrete cases. Town A, with a
population of 3,690, had retail sales
amounting to $5,740,000 and a per
capita figure of $1,548; Town B, 6,621
persons, had sales amounting to $8,-
333,000 and a per capita average of
$1,247; Town C, 3,693, had sales total-
ing $3,763,501 and a per capita figure
of $1,018.

—__»>2—_——
Canned Food Stocks Shown To Be
Larger.

Increases are reported in stocks of
canned foods in the hands of canners
on Oct. 1, as compared to those held
on July 1, according to figures made
public Oct. 23 by the Bureau of For-
eign and Domestic Commerce of the
Department of Commerce.

An average increase of 6.9 per cent.
is represented in the stocks of eight
kinds of canned foods held by dis-
tributors, the figures show.

The Bureau explains, however, that
the figures do not represent total
stocks for any item, “but represent the
change in holdings based on a cross-
section of the canners and distributors,
and are therefore representative of
conditions in the industry.”

The percentages of increase in the
stocks of canned foods in the hands of
canners on Oct. 1, as compared to
those held July 1 were: Peas, 219 per
cent.; corn, 592 per cent.; green and
wax beans, 170 per cent.; peaches, 126
per cent.; pears, 229 per cent.; pine-
apple, 172 per cent.; and salmon, 348
per cent. Tomatoes were the only
listed canned food showing a decrease.
This decrease was 33 per cent., and
the Bureau points out that the toma-
toes pack was “far from complete’ on
Oct, 1. It was thought desirable to
collect only old pack stock ‘figures on
this: product. as of Oct. 1 it is ex-
plained.

‘Percentages of increases on Oct. 1
over July 1 in stocks of cases of can-
ned foods held by distributors were:
Tomatoes, .7 per cent.; peas, 10.1 per
cent.; corn, 12.6 per cent.; green and
wax beans, 14.6 per cent.; peaches,
14.2 per cent.; and pineapple, 1.7 per
cent. Of the listed articles also, stocks
of pears were decreased by 5.1 per
cent, and of salmon by 3.2 per cent.,

according to the statistics.
2-2
For Men Only.

Knowing that many men are averse
to shopping in a “woman's store,” the
E. T. Slattery ‘Company, ‘Boston, set
apart a definite section of their store
for men only, admitting no women
patrons. A representative selection of
gifts from all parts of the store was
shown here and a separate entrance,
prominently marked, was provided on
the main floor.

———_++2.—____
Bottled Gifts.

Peck & Peck, New York City and
elsewhere, found that patrons ‘were
much interested in and amused by dis-
tinctly novel gift containers made to
look like bottles of wine and available
in pint and quart sizes. The “bottles,”
with openings at the bottom, were
used as containers for handkerchiefs,
hosiery, neckties and the like.

 

 

 

 

 

 

; Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 55

 

 

Some Samples of Bond and Stock Printing

BY THE TRADESMAN COMPANY

The reputation of the Tradesman company is now nation-wide. Clients in nearly every state in the union call

upon the company for this highly specialized work.

 

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: The Tradesman Company operates a complete commercial printing plant, producing almost anything needed in
| Office, Store or Factory.
, 5

|

 

 

 

 

 

56

APPLES IN DAILY DIET.

 

Their Place in Relation To Other
Fruits.
If one will take the prices of apples
_and compare them with the prices of
other products, the ability of apples to
buy other things,or their purchasing
power, can be shown. Relative prices
of this kind give a much better picture
of the real value of apples than prices
in terms of dollars without such com-
parisons.

The ability of a bushel of apples to
buy other things from 1890 to the
present time has tended to vary greatly
from year to year depending on wheth-
er the apple crop was large or small.
In spite of these marked yearly
changes a trend can ‘be found which
indicates that the purchasing power
of apples has been decreasing. From
1890 to 1905 this trend showed a rapid
decrease. From 1905 on, the trend has
been downward but not at such a rapid
rate.

Why have apple prices as compared
with the prices of other commodities
been decreasing? Probably the first
answer which comes to mind is that
the production of apples has been in-
creasing, giving a larger supply which
must be moved. Examination of pro-
duction figures shows that production
has been increasing, but that the rate
of increase has not been so rapid as
that of the population of the United
States. This means that on a per
capita basis there are less apples avail-
able in the United States to-day than
there were in 1890. In spite of this,
the ability of apples to buy other things
has been declining.

The figures on the available supply
of apples, oranges and grapefruit, and
bananas give an indication as to why
there has been such a decrease. From
1889 to 1897 the supply of apples in the
United States was 110 pounds for each
man, woman and child. During this
same period of years the per capita
supply of oranges and grapefruit was
only five pounds and that of bananas
nine pounds. The following nine-year
period 1898 to 1906, showed the per
capita supply of apples to have de-
creased to 105 pounds, while that of
oranges and grapefruit had increased
to eight pounds and that of bananas
to ten pounds.

Our most recent comparable records
are for the years 1916-1924. They show
the per capita supply of apples in the
United States to have dropped to sev-
enty-four pounds while oranges and
grapefruit had reach nineteen pounds
and bananas were fourteen pounds.
Thus, while the quantity of apples for
every person in the United States has
been decreasing rather rapidly, the per
capita quantity of oranges and grape-
fruit and of bananas has been increas-
ing.

A further test of the influence of
the increasing production of oranges
and grapefruit and bananas upon the
price of apples can be seen by exam-
ining the changes in price of these
various products over a period of years.
If the price of sixteen varieties of ap-
ples for the year 1889 to 1894 is taken
as 100 and the price of oranges and

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

bananas during the same period of
years is called 100, we find that in 1924-

1926 the price of the sixteen varieties.

of apples had increased from 100 to
127, while in these same years the price
of oranges had increased from 100 to
178 and that of bananas from 100 to
210. Thus, while the price of the six-
teen varieties of apples shows some
increase over this long period of years,
it is small compared with the increase
of the prices of oranges and bananas.

A record of the ‘breakfast orders on
an Eastern railway for the period
March 1 to 15, 1924, allows a further
step. The orders for 28,512 breakfasts
were obtained during this time. Of
these 28,512 breakfasts 10,135, or about
36 per cent. did not include any fruit;
7,836, or a little more than one in four,
showed an order for grapefruit; 6,009,
or approximately one in five, showed
an order for oranges; 2,413, or about
one in‘ twelve, included apples; 1,588, or
about one in twenty, showed an order
for prunes; and the other fruit orders
were distributed in small numbers
among figs, pineapples, strawberries
and. lemons.

The pertinent question for the fruit
grower is “who will obtain the orders
of the 10,135 people who ordered no
fruit with their breakfast? There is
rather definite proof that an increasing
number of people is using some form
of fruit with this meal. Is the apple
growers going to obtain his share of
this nonfruit-eating group, or will the
grapefruit, orange and prune growers
train these persons to become consum-
ers of their products? Apple growers
all over the United States may well
put this question squarely up to them-
selves.

We hear constantly that one of the
great advantages of the New England
fruit grower is his nearness to market.
If this is such a marked advantage,
one of the ways in which it would
seem logical to us it would be to fit
production as closely as possible to the
demands or preferences of these near-
by markets. Following this reasoning,
the wholesalers in the city of Province
were asked to name in the order of
their preference the varieties which
they most desired to handle in the
summer, in the fall, and in the winter.

The results showed that Early Wil-
liams was preferred as an early variety
to Red Astrachan, and this in turn to
Yellow Transparent and Duchess. Ear-
ly Harvest was also mentioned. Two
of the wholesalers in Providence felt
that local growers would be better off
with no early varieties. McIntosh was
the unanimous selection as the best
fall variety. TZIwo men refused to give
a second choice but all the others nam-
ed Gravenstein as second to McIntosh,
Wealthy was a close third, and Twenty
Ounce and Fall Pippin were also men-
tioned. Among the winter varieties
Baldwin was an outstanding first
choice, with Greening a fairly close
second. The other varieties were fairly
unimportant but included Northern
Spy, Rome Beauty, Delicious, Rox-
burry Russet and King.

Following the same reasoning it
seemed logical to conclude that the
consumer was the ultimate persor to

  

ss iarecniaousve tases siete eng laNe area SEC eee ean

be considered and therefore held the
“whip handle” in the determination of
market preferences. Accordingly, con-
sumers in Providence were asked which
varieties were known to them. Eight
hundred and eighty-eight answers were
made, of which 245 mentioned Bald-
win; 222, Rhode Island Greening; 141,
McIntosh. The other varieties which
were fairly well known were Russet,
Snow, Delicious, Jonathan and Gilli-
flower.

These same consumers were asked to

“name the varieties they preferred for

eating out-of-hand. Four hundred and
sixteen replies were received, which in-
cluded 129 McIntosh and 109 Baldwins.
Smaller numbers mentioned Snow, De-
licious, Jonathan, Greening, Winesap
and Northren Spy. The replies to the
question of what are desirable cooking
varieties gave Baldwin 197 times and
Rhode Island Greening 179 times out
of a total of 422. The other varieties
were mentioned comparatively few
times, and Gravenstein, Northern Spy
and McIntosh were the only ones to
which any significance could be at-
tached.

Since many people seemed to believe
that consumers were the important fac-
tor in market demands or preferences,
it followed that some determination of
the knowledge of consumers concern-
ing apple varieties should be made.
Accordingly apples from six common
varieties were peeled and cut into con-
ventionally-sized pieces. The six varia
ties were Delicious (New England),
McIntosh, Baldwin, Rome Beauty,
Winesap (Western) and Rhode Island
Greening. Different groups of per-
sons were asked to taste these six
varieties and place them in the order
in which they liked them. The final
outcome was Delicious was given first
place; McIntosh, a fairly close second;
Baldwin, third; Winesap, fourth; Rome
Beauty, fifth, and Rhode Island Green-
ing, last.

One interesting thing about these
tests was that as the season progressed
McIntosh gained on the other varieties.
The tests extended from Jan. 17 to
April 23 and on the last date only was
McIntosh given first place among the
six carieties on the basis of taste.

Apples of these same six varieties
were shown just as they came from the
retail stores and the same persons were
asked to place them in the order in
which they would buy them from. ob-
servation, which is the usual basis of
purchase. The outcome was that Rome
Beauty was placed first; Baldwin, sec-
ond; Rhode Island Greening, a poor
third; McIntosh, fourth; Delicious,
fifth; and Winesap last. Thus, the ap-
ple which was given first place on the
basis of taste was a poor fifth on the
basis of appearance, while the apple
which was given first place on the
basis of appearance was next to last
on the basis of taste.

Roger B. Corbett,

Economist Rhode Island Agricultural
Experiment Station.

—_>+.>____
What opportunities for commodity
speculators,

———_2>+ > ____
Buy now—not for patriotism but for
profit,

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Child Ailments of Greatest Fatality.

Whooping cough is most fatal in the
second month of life and measles in
the second year. Over half of the
deaths from whooping cough occur
during the first year and nearly 90 per
cent. occur in ithe first two years, If
a child escapes getting whooping
cough while a baby, it is very apt to
pull through, but it is not past danger
as it may lead to tuberculosis.

‘With measles the first three years
are the most fatal, nearly 80 per cent.
of the measles deaths occuring then.
Measles is much more fatal to adults
than is whooping cough ,about 3 per
cent. of measies deaths being among
adults. So, if parents permit children
to contract measles they may have the
infection brought to themselves, and
with fatal effect.

Diphtheria and scarlet fever cause
their fatalities in children later than
measles and whooping cough. ‘With
diphtheria the most fatal years are be-
tween two and five, during which time
50 per cent, of deaths from diphtheria
occur, About 5 per cent. of the deaths
from diphtheria occur among adults
and 15 per cent. of the deaths from
scarlet fever occur among adults.

Even chickenpox causes a few
deaths, as does mumps. So all these
contagious diseases are serious things
and every effort should be made in the
schools and homes to keep 'them from
spreading. Every case should be re-
ported by anybody who knows about
it, and be promptly quarantined.

Dr. J. Bruce McCreary,
—_~>.

Wind Power.

There is probably no older source
of power than the winds. Sails on the
sea and windmills on land have been
turning this power to the use of man
for many centuries. But with the com-
ing of the machine age, the electric
motor and the steam and gasoline en-
gine, the sailing ship has nearly van-
ished from commercial sea traffic and
the windmill has become more pic-
turesque than profitable ashore.

But power is still latent in the winds.
And as the world demands more and
more power for its work, inventive
genius is always seeking a method of
converting this force of natureto hu-
man uses. This has been a baffling
problem, just as it has proved difficult
to convert the tremendous force of the
tides or the heat of sunshine into horse
power. The power is there, but ma-
chinery has not yet been able to har-
ness it efficiently and economically.

A new experiment is under way near
Burlington, N. J., sponsored by one
of the largest electric companies in the
country. By means of rotors or revolv-
ing cylinders it is hoped to convert
wind power into electricity and thence
into useful energy. If successful, it will
be a curious sort of windmill that de-
rives power from the free and fickle
breezes. It is to be similar, it seems,
to the revolving cylinders that took the
place of sails on the “rotor ship” which
sailed successfully across the Atlantic
two years ago. And, if successful, the
future may see every tall building

crowned with structures like chimneys,
spinning with the lightest breeze and
enslaving the children of Aeolus for the
service of mankind.

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

57

 

The

       

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It Pours

 

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58
INSTALLMENT BUYING.

 

Its Damaging Effect on Nation’s
Economic Life.

What is a time of depression? I
should say it is a time when business
is dull and inactive.

One thing leads to another, and such
a depression in business always brings
on a depression or lowering of prices
and wages.

When the price of one’s product or
labor falls and destroys one’s prosper-
ity a third kind of depression is pro-
duced, namely, mental depression, The
victim of this sort of depression suf-
fers a sinking of the spirits, and goes
into a state of worry and dejection,
which means loss of courage and con-
fidence.

When the whole population gets an
attack of mental depression then the
country acquires a melancholy condi-
tion. A dejected, dispirited country
has no confidence and no enterprise.
It has the “blues” and can see no light
ahead,

We have all these forms of depres-
sion to-day—depression of business,
depression of prices, depression of the
individual and depression of the coun-
try. Business is dull, prices are down,
individuals are hard up and sick at
heart, and the whole country is in the
dumps, wondering whether times are
ever going to get good again.

What is thrift? Thrift is frugality
and economical management. It means
careful spending, saving part of one’s
income, and keeping out of debt. The
thrifty person never is broke, but al-
ways has money.

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MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

The proposition, then, is that when
times are hard we should all be care-
ful in spending our money, if we have
any to spend. Of course, we don’t
need to caution the 5,000,000 to 7,000,-
000 unemployed against extravagance.

From time immemorial until a few
years ago it was axiomatic that the
thrifty man, the man who saved his
money and laid something by for a
rainy day, was the man who got ahead
in the world. First he had to save
something, and then if he had the skill
to invest his savings shrewdly, he
might get rich, The wise man there-
fore saved his money. [ think it was
Poor Richard who said: “A fool and
his money are soon parted.” In other
words, it was considered the height of
folly for a man to spend his money as
fast as he got it.

During the past few years a new
philosophy has been preached, particu-
larly in the United States. This
philosophy tells us to spend our money
as fast as we get it, because as we buy
things we create employment for labor
and stimulate business and thereby
produce prosperity. In other words,
business is made good, not by saving,
but by spending.

This new system has been in effect
for several years, and apparently it
justified itself for a while, for the coun-
try as a whole appeared to be highly
prosperous, although agriculture did
not share in the prosperity. But, in
spite of the new gospel of spending,
the country did not stay prosperous.
Panics and depressions did not be-
come relics of the past, for to-day we
are in the depths of one of the worst

depressions in the history of the
United ‘States. And the interesting
fact is that those who accepted the new
gospel and spent ther money are the
worst sufferers, while those who were
old fashioned enough to be thrifty and
saving are still getting along without
asking for relief.

Spending was stimulated by several
devices. There was extravagant and
alluring advertising which made the
people want things and induced them
to buy. There was high-pressure sales-
manship which persuaded people to
buy things they could not afford and
to live beyond their means, And there
was installment buying, by means of
which the people were inveigled into
spending not only their present earn-
ings but their future earnings as well.
By all these devices the fool and his
money were parted.

I do not mean to condemn these
devices entirely. Honest advertising
and good salesmanship are necessary
to the success of any business, In-
stallment buying enables many per-
sons to enjoy articles which they could
never buy for cash. It is like life in-
surance in that it is a scheme for com-
pulsory saving,

Thrift is an art which many persons
never master. No matter how good
their intentions may be, they spend
their money as they go along. Such
is human nature as we find it. But
when a man takes out a life insurance
policy, which requires him to make
regular premium payments, he sets
himself a task to save the money need-
ed for the annual premium. If he
fails to pay his premium he loses what

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GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN

Forty-eighth Anniversary

he has already put in, and to avoid
such a loss he will scrimp to raise the
money.

Similarly, if he buys an article on
the installment plan he sets himself
the task of saving for a definite pur-
pose a sum of money which he might
otherwise fritter away. It is at least
partly due to installment buying that
we have been able to boast that our
120,000,000 people have 27,000,000 au-
tomobiles, 60,000,000 electrical devices
lightening the labor in our homes, and
13,000,009 radios.

But installment buying can be over-
done. Doubtless one of the reasons
why it is taking so long to get out of
the present depression is that so many
people when they get hold of some
money use it to pay their installments
on past purchases instead of making
new purchases and thereby stimulat-
ing business. When all the old auto-
mobiles, radios, electric washers and
vacuum sweepers are paid for there
will be more money available to buy
new ones, which will put men to work
in the factories, and start the wheels
of industry humming.

Thrift in times of depression does
not simply mean careful spending. In
its broader sense it means economical
and efficient management of one’s af-
fairs.

Take dairying for example. A
creamery man told me the other day
that the cream produced in the Uintah
Basin in Utah is so poor that it is im-
possible to make better than B grade
butter out of it. B grade butter fetches
a much lower price than A grade, con-
sequently farmers are getting a lower

 

 

 

 

 

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. cere

Forty-eighth Anniversary

price for their butter fat than they
might get if they produced better
cream. [ conceive it to be a sort of
thrift to take proper care of the cream
so it will be worth more money. To
let cream spoil through careless
handling is to waste money, and the
thrifty person never wastes.

The same rule applies to everything
else one produces. Quality counts,
and the buyer will cheerfully pay a
high price for good quality, while he
grumbles at paying a low price for
poor quality. When I go to a fruit
stand if I see choice, clean, delicious
ripe fruit on display I buy it without
asking the price, but if the fruit is
small, dirty, wormy, green or rotten
I turn away in disgust, for I would
not take it asa gift. The thrifty
farmer therefore constantly strives for
quality in everything he produces.

Another sort of thrift that helps the
farmer get by in a time of depression
is to get ‘back to the old system of
raising more of his own food instead
of buying so much at the stores. It
is sheer extravagance for the farmer
to buy condensed milk, baker’s bread,
canned fruit, packer’s ham and bacon,
or a great many other articles. The
farmer who raises his own vegetables,
fruit, poultry, eggs, milk, butter, honey,
pork, beef, mutton, and flour can live
without spending much money for
food.

Perhaps [ shall not be unduly
stretching the word thrift if I apply it
to methods of increasing the price of
products. For example, some chain
stores have a system of offering what
they call a leader, which they sell at
a loss for the purpose of leading cus-
tomers into the store. One of the
most common leaders is butter, which
is often sold at several cents per pound
below cost. Whether or not the cus-
tomer is “soaked” on his other pur-
chases so as to make up the loss on
the butter I don’t know, but I do know
the practice is unethical, and it is in-
jurious to the dairyman, for slashing
the price of ‘butter means slashing the
price of butter fat. The cream pro-
ducer who patronizes a store which
indulges in this unfair practice is kiss-
ing the hand that smites him. I con-
ceive it to be a sort of thrift for him
to boycott a store which beats down
the price of his product by such
reprehensible means.

This is only an example to illustrate
the idea that the farmer should try to
have something to say about his mar-
ket instead of always taking what is
offered him. It is true that the price
of most agricultural products is sub-
ject to a National market, if not a
world market, over which the indi-
vidual farmer has no control. Indeed,
the only agency that has any control
over it is the old reliable law of supply
and demand.

We have only to look at the dismal
failure of the activities of the Federal
Farm Board to realize what a
stupendous job it is to try to control
prices. Nevertheless, it is the wrong
spirit to say, “There is nothing that
I can do about it, so what’s the use
trying ’ Very often there are local
abuses that depress prices, and the
alert, thrifty farmer will keep his eyes
open to see that he gets all that is com-
ing to him,

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

J. C. Miller Company

ELECTRO PLATING AND FINISHING ENGINEERS and
MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS

GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN

If thrift is a good thing in a time
of depression it is also a good thing
when there is no depression, Thrift
is needed all the time. It means com-
fort, security, prosperity and peace of
mind for the individual, and since the
Nation is only a collection of indi-
viduals thrift means comfort, security
and prosperity for the Nation.

George H. Dern.
—++>—___

Ice and No Ice.

Speaking of transportation: no two
industries are making more rapid
progress through inventions and tech-
nical developments than those two
competitors, refrigeration and _ old-
fashioned icing.

A new combination which has seen
service this Summer in Michigan is a
refrigerated truck in which the refrig-
erating power is supplied by a gasoline
engine in place of the usual electric
motor. About 1% to 2 gallons of
gasoline per day are used, and there is
said to be a saving in carrying space
which permits a larger pay load. In-
cidentally, there are now reported to
be more than a quarter of a million re-
frigerated trucks of older styles now in
daily use.

Another refrigerating advance has
been made through the research of a
packaging company. ‘When quick
frozen foods were ‘first brought on the
market a few years ago, the chief tech-
nical problem in distribution was the
development of refrigerator display
cases for retail stores. With this prob-
lem solved, there remained the ques-
tion of a satisfactory delivery package.
Because fruits and vegetables now
sold in quick frozen form (not to men-
tion ‘fish and meats) include consider-
able moisture, a leakproof carton had
to be devised. This has now been
found in the form of a paper board
carton which has a fixed inner lining
of transparent waterproof cellulose
which can be sealed. The housewife
purchaser can inspect the contents of
the package ‘by lifting the outer paper
board flap without disturbing the
transparent inner container. Fruits
packed in the new container are just
now appearing on the market.

But in ice headquarters there is also
research activity. Mechanical refriger-
ation is not to be permitted to have
everything its own way. One Boston
ice company has already contracted
for the sale of the total output of its
new plant, which makes a flaked ice.
Purchasers are hotels, restaurants,
soda fountains, food markets, and
manufacturers of chemicals and dye-
stuffs. An advantage of the ice flake
is said to be its slightly curved form,
which prevents the iflakes becoming
frozen together, Additional advantage:
lack of rough edges that might injure
food,

In another part of the ice field,
aluminum paint has come. to the
rescue. Swift and 'Company are now
painting refrigerator cars with alum-
inum, which deflects heat and thus be-
comes an ice saver,

Another novelty in refrigeration is
a coin-operated machine for the sale of
fruit juices or other beverages which
closely resembles the electric motored
water cooler now coming into wide
use in offices,

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60

Meeting the Responsibility of Father-
hood.

Those of us who have a sense of
humor are in the way of laughing a
good deal at the Mothers’ Congress,
where cranky old maids and beardless
boys who have never given birth to
anything but an unraisable idea make
speeches, telling mothers in Israel
how to raise their children. I, my-
self, have had the joy of attending
two of these conventions of late years,
at one of which the august assemblage
devoted hours to discussing whether
you should ever say “must” to a child,
when life is one long “must” to all of
us, while at the other an eloquent
spinster warned mothers against the
insidious nursing bottle, declaring that
it was the taste for imbibing things out
of a bottle, acquired in infancy, that
led many a man to a drunkard’s grave.

But, ludicrous as these meetings are,
in many of their aspects, ridiculous as
are many of the theories advanced,
there is another side to them that is
tragically serious and pathetic. It is
blind groping after an idea, a reaching
out for more light and wider knowl-
edge, the expression of the realization
of thousands of women that a sacred
trust has been put into their hands, and
their passionate desire to keep it well.

This feeling of responsibility for
their children’s rearing is, however,
apparently a maternal sentiment only.
We have business and professional
men’s leagues everywhere. Men trav-
el from one end of the country to the
other to attend the conclaves of the
Elks, or the Hoo-hoos or Hoo-doos,
or what not; we have conventions of
cattle breedeers and dog fanciers, but
there is no record of any number of
men having ever thought the raising
of their children of sufficient import-
ance to meet together in a fathers’
congress to swap ideas on the subject.

This is not because fathers do not
love their children. In America, at
least, men spend their lives in abject
slavery for their families, but after
providing their children with comforts
and luxuries they let it go at that. The
average father’s sole idea of his duty
to his offspring is supporting them, All
the balance he leaves to their mother.
He is a mere figurehead—a creature
who stands in the child’s mind for a
cash register and a tyrant—someone
who pays the bills and with whom he
is threatened when he is naughty.’

This does not matter so much in the
case of girls, where the mother’s own
experience gives her rules and meas-
ures for the guidance of feet that must
walk the same paths she did, but where
boys are concerned it is a fatal mis-
take. No woman is fitted to raise a
boy, as the record of widows’ sons
shows. Ninety-nine times out of a
hundred a woman lacks the physical
strength and the mental ‘firmness and
determination to deal with a boy, and
in all the ninety-nine cases she lacks
the experience of life, the knowledge
of the world and the sympathy with a
boy’s taste and inclination to enable
her to guide and restrain her son
aright,

Every woman’s dream of an ideal
boy is a long-haired, ruffled-collared,
sad, sweet infant of the little Lord
Fauntleroy school. That is what in
her secret soul she would like her boy

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

to be, and she would like him to grow
up into one of the nice, good young
men who always go to Sunday school,
and would rather go to the Y. M. C.
A. than the theater, and wear long
hair, and prefer to read poetry and
crochet tidies to playing foot ball.
When her beloved Adolphus whom
she is trying to prune into this model
of propriety breaks over the traces and
is dirty and noisy and rude, when he
wants to do things that will spoil his
beautiful pink complexion, and pos-
sibly smash his lovely Grecian nose,
when she catches him with the odor
of stale cigarette smoke on him—why,
it breaks her heart. This was not in her
scheme of things. She never wanted
to smoke or kick a foot ball, and she
thinks he must be very, very wicked,
and she calls him in and prays with

his affairs to her to manage if she
knew nothing of commercial matters,
and he has still less right to leave her
to pilot a young soul through a chan-
nel of life she has never traveled, and
where she knows none of the snags,
the dangers that threaten on every
side,

We hear a great deal about the
sacred duty of a mother, but the sa-
cred duty of a father is still more
binding, but how do men regard it?
Would not the history of the average
man’s connection with his boy go
something like this?

Boy born; father inordinately proud;
opens bottle to celebrate the occasion
when he meets friends downtown; six
weeks later father flees to the club to
escape the colic; next year, also flees,
to escape teething; from three to five,

 

 

 

 

 

Dorothy Dix.

him, and weeps over him, and gets an-
other female saint to talk to him, and
does everything that is possible to
start him on the downward road, for
the boy is not a conscious sinner. He
has only followed Nature and instinct.

Now, there is not a man in the
world that does not know that this is
true, yet what are the fathers doing
for their boys? What one of all the
hundreds of good, kind, conscientious
men we all know is doing his duty by
his own sons? For, let no man be de-
ceived on this point—responsibility is
one of the things in the world that we
cannot pass on to another. It is we,
and not another, who must give ac-
count of our stewardship. It is not
enough to pass a boy on to his mother,
The successful business man, no mat-
ter to how sweet an angel he is mar-
ried, would not think of turning over

father occasionally finds boy amusing
as a plaything; from five to ten, he
grumbles at the boy’s dirt; from ten
to fifteen, he swears at his noise; from

‘fifteen to twenty he derides the boy’s

collars and neckties and girds at him
for being a dude; and at twenty he
chucks him out into the world to shift
for himself, to find his way as best he
can through all the temptations and
snares and lures that he will have to
pass through in order to safely win
home at last,

To me it seems the most cruel thing
on earth that any man should let his
son go unwarned on such a journey.
A mother is excusable for not arming
her boy for it, for she does not under-
stand, and hopes ‘by some miracle that
the sirens will veil their faces when
her son passes by, and that the wine
will not shine red in the cup, or the

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

fascination of the gold on the green
table stir the drop of gambler’s blood
that is in every one of us, but a man
knows better. He knows that evil
women will tempt, that bad com-
panions will allure, that drink and
cards entice, and that no son of woman
may ever hope to escape, for the world
is made over again every time a boy is
born, and everyone has to go through
the same experiences.

Knowing this, what is the father’s
duty? Surely a thousand times it is
his duty to prepare the boy for the
temptations he is to face. A woman’s
idea of fitting a boy to resist tempta-
tions is to keep him in ignorance of
them, which would be all right if
everybody could have a deserted island
to himself, but it is slightly imprac-
ticable in a crowded world. A man’s
plans should be to forearm the youth,
yet did you ever hear of a father sitting
down quietly and calmly and having
a real heart-to-heart talk with his boy
about such subjects? Not in the way
of preaching, which does no good, but
as a man of the world to one who is
to be a man of the world, I never did,
and I have asked dozens of men the
question whether their fathers had ever
tried to prepare them for the tempta-
tions of life, and in every instance the
reply has been sadly, “No.”

There is no use in telling a boy that
it is wicked to drink. He does not
care. There is no use in inveighing
against playing the races or gambling.
He will not listen to you. There is no
use in telling him that if he goes out
on a bat he will have a head the next
morning. He is bound to try it for
himself, Youth and bounding life and
high animal spirits are surging through
his veins like champagne, and must
bubble over into action and riot; but
while he will not listen to preaching,
he will listen to the quiet word
when hs father shows him, just inci-
dentally, some man whose once bril-
liant career was wrecked by some
harpy, or some man who drowned a
great intellect in liquor, or someone
whom gambling has made a fugitive
from justice and a wanderer on the
face of the earth.

Every normal boy, you say, must
have his fling. That is sadly true, but
it is his father’s place to go with him,
and see that he does not go too far,
and to teach him the boundary that
lies between liberty and license. If I
were a father and had a son disposed
to be wild, even more than with a good
boy, I would go the pace with him,
and it would be my hand that would
pull him back from the abyss of drunk-
enness and the lure of the poolroom
and the gambling table.

Whenever one of those heartbreak-
ing stories of a young man gone
wrong—a young man who has specu-
lated with his employer’s money or
tapped the till, or killed in drunken
fury—is printed, a pathetic picture is
always drawn in the papers of the
heart-broken old father with his gray
hairs brought down in shame to the
dust by a wayward son. For my part,
my pity all goes to the boy, and I feel
like exclaiming: “God forgive that
father for his crime against his son,
for somewhere he has failed in his duty
to that erring boy.”

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Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 61

 

 

 

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62

with boys, that
question is squarely up to you to-day.
What are you doing for your sons?
You have been down the line. You
know every snare and lure that is go-
ing to beset them. Are you going to
send the ignorant, untried, inexperienc-
ed young creatures out to find by bitter
experience, as you did, how weary is
the harvesting of a crop of wild oats,
or are you going to try to guide them
into paths where there are fewer tares
among the wheat?

And, gentlemen

say sometimes that their
sons will not listen to them. This is a
mistake. The only reason boys do not
listen to their father is because the
father so often does nothing but grind
at them for “long-haired foot ball
cranks,” “asinine dudes,” “dancing
monkeys,” and so on. The father has
never shown any sympathy with their
interests and pursuits and they think,
rightly, that he does not understand
them, Every man starts out by being
a hero to his little boy, the one crea-
ture the little one wants to imitate and
be like, and believes to be the wisest
and strongest man in all the world,
and if the father ever climbs down off
of that pedestal it is his own fault.
The boy will never depose him. He
will be king still, and it is within his
province to mold and guide and direct,
that life if he will.

And be sure of this: No man who
is his son’s confidant and best friend,
to whom the boy goes with all his
hopes and dreams and plans and de-
sires, is ever going to have to pay that
boy out of prison or drag him back
from a drunkard’s grave. A man I[
once knew, when his son was going
off to college, called to him and said:
“My boy, you are going off to school,
and you will do a lot of fool things.
Write me about them. It will remind
me of when J] was at college. You
will do a lot of wrong things. Tell me
about them, for J have been there, too.
You will get into scrapes. Call on me
for help. That is what I am here for.
You have always seen wine on the
table and cigars in the smoking room,
so you will not think yourself a devil
of a wicked fellow to be sodden with
tobacco and liquor. You know you
will simply be a disgusting hog. So
far as J could I have prepared you for
the temptations of life. Against those
to come I cannot protect you. Meet
them like a man, and in a way that
will not make you ashamed to meet
your mother’s kiss.” And the boy
went through college a Sir Galahad.

Gentlemen with boys, I say again,
the question is up to you. How are
you meeting the responsibility of

fatherhood? Dorothy Dix.
——_+-+___
Government Inspection of Canned
Meats.

The relation of the Federal Meat In-
spection Service to the canning indus-
try consists in maintaining inspection
in establishments engaged in canning
meat and meat food products to be
placed in the channels of interstate or
foreign commerce. Establishments
which can or otherwise prepare meat
or meat food products derived in whole
or in part from cattle, sheep, swine,
goats, or horses for interstate or for-
eign movement are subject to the Fed-

SCARCE NAAN SER AaLAR RRA Rianne ban otras iinmatnetereetapannterennjerenneencngerromratenrnertened tse mene naan ieen ser Se -

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

eral meat inspection acts and regula-
tions.

There are approximately 850 estab-
lishments in which Federal inspection
is maintained. Many of these, of
course, do not conduct canning opera-
tions.

Inasmuch as the Federal inspection
acts are based on the interstate and
foreign provisions of the Constitution,
there is no Federal control of meat
canning which does not involve move-
ment beyond the borders of the States
in which the establishments are locat-
ed. Approximately one-third of all the
meat produced in the United States is,
therefore, exempt from Federal inspec-
tion. However, practically all estab-
lishments engaged in canning meat on
a commercial scale are operated under
Federal inspection.

In the Federal Meat Inspection
Service all animals are examined both
before and at the time of slaughter,
and any that fail to pass the rigid re-
quirements are condemned. Following
the initial inspection of the animals
and their carcasses, reinspections are
conducted throughout all of the vari-
ous processes of preparing and can-
ning to insure sanitary conditions,
equipment, and methods, and for the
detection of products which have be-
come unfit subsequent to previous in-
spection. Unfit meat and products are
condemned upon reinspection and
those passed for food are designated
by officially approved marks and
labels. During the fiscal year, 1930,
Federal supervision involved 289,000,-
000 “inspection pounds’ of canned
meat and products derived from the
carcasses of cattle, sheep, swine, and
goats. The term “inspection pounds”
signifies the volume of inspection. It
does not represent actual production,
however, since the same product may
have been inspected and recorded more
than once in the process of manufac-
ture. There was also supervised sep-
arately in establishments operating
under the horse-meat act the canning
of more than 13,000,000 pounds of
horse meat products. A large propor-
tion of the latter consisted of canned
dog feed, all of which was so prepared
from edible horse meat and horse meat
products as to be fit for human food.

Only meats which have been Fed-
erally “Inspected and Passed” and so
marked are admitted into establish-
ments where meats are canned under
Federal inspection. AH meats are
subject to identification and inspection
at the time of admission and are re-
inspected from time to time to insure
that only those which remain sound
and wholesome and are handled in a
sanitary manner are passed as fit for
human food. No meat is permitted to
be canned unless it is sound and whole-
some at the time of canning and is in
such condition as to yield a sound and
wholesome product under the process-
es to which it is subjected in canning.

The Federal Meat Inspection Ser-
vice maintains seven laboratories lo-
cated at convenient centers throughout
the United States for the purpose of
maintaining laboratory supervision over
the operations of establishments where
meats are prepared and canned. The
laboratory inspection is directly con-
nected with the regular inspection
within the establishment. It begins

with sampling all materials used in the
preparation, curing and handling of
meats, and includes examination of all
curing substances, spices, condiments,
etc. Every ingredient and all sub-
stances and materials used are subject
to laboratory examination, The water
supplies are examined to insure purity
and potability. Samples of the finished
canned meats are examined for whole-
someness, proper sterilization and
processing, correctness of labeling, and
net weight.

The labeling involves the official ap-
proval of the labels and supervision of
affixing them to insure that no false
or misleading statement appears on
canned meat.

The regulations provide for co-
operation with state and other authori-
ties with a view to Federal and local
officials each being helpful to the other
particularly for the purpose of pre-
venting the use of unfit meat and
products for food.

Under the provision of law, canned
meats arriving from foreign countries
which maintain an adequate system of
meat inspection are admitted into the
United States, subject to inspection.
During the fiscal year, 1930, there
were imported into the United States
over 75,000,000 pounds of canned meat
and meat food products. All of this
was inspected by the Federal Meat
Inspection Service before admission.

The Federal Meat Inspection Ser-
vice is the agency through which en-
try of American canned meats and
meat food products into foreign coun-
tries is secured and by which domestic
consumers are assured of the sound-
ness, cleanliness and wholesomeness of
Federally inspected canned meats.
During the fiscal year, 1930, 16,767,514
pounds of canned meat were certified
for exportation, ‘R. P. ‘Steddom.

——_2-+-+-—___
Food Elements and Values in Diet.

There is probably as much conversa-
tion regarding diet as there is about
the Eighteenth Amendment. To hear
some people talk one might gather
that the extent of the body growth
and even one’s disposition is wholly
determined by our food. Others go so
far to the other extreme that they in-
sist it is entirely safe to allow custom,
appetite and pocketbook decide what
foods are required, Between these two
extremes there is a sane middle course,

The study of food values and vita-
mins is not new. Four hundred years
before (Obhrist, ‘Hippocrates insisted
that there was one substance called an
“ailment” which was found in many
natural foods and was necessary for
growth and nourishment of the body.
It was not until the beginning of the
last century that it was realized that
the lack of certain substances in foods
caused scurvy and that certain other
diseases were related to diet. It is
marvelous to consider what workers in
medicine, chemistry and nutrition have
done to solve many of the problems
relating to necessary food elements
and food values. ‘There are so many
new discoveries that it is impossible as
yet to make practical application of all
of them; in fact we may never be able
to take complete advantage of them.

It is posstble for a person to have in
his diet all of the appropriate propor-
tions of proteins, fats, carbohydrates

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

and mineral salts, and yet not continue
in growth and health. Certain sub-
stances necessary in every diet are
vitamins, without them the
body chemistry cannot be

called
proper
maintained,

Vitamin iC is the one which prevents
scurvy, and although its exact chemi-
cal nature is unknown, we have learn-
ed from experiments that health and
even life is not possible without a
small amount of this food factor. Vita-
min C is present in milk, oranges and
other citrous fruits, tomatoes, cab-
bages and other leafy vegetables. It
is partially destroyed by heating to the
boiling point, and also disappears when
foods become stale. An exception to
the effect of heat seems to be in to-
matoes, ‘for when canned, either whole
or as juice, this element is retained.
Scurvy in adults, once a dread disease
especially among soldiers and sailors,
causing swollen and bleeding gums,
with pains in legs and blue discolora-
tions of the skin is now a rarity due to
the addition to the diet of fresh vege-
tables and fruit. During the past 25
years interest has been taken in in-
fantile scurvy, caused by feeding
boiled cows’ milk alone, which pro-
duces loss of weight, tenderness of the
arms and legs and increases the likeli-
hood of infections. The addition of
orange juice or tomato juice to the
diet of all bottle-fed babies has caused
almost complete disappearance of this
disease. It is thought that this vita-
min also prevents the decay of teeth.

Vitamin D. is the one which pre-
vents rickets and probably aids the
growth and development of bones and
teeth. This vitamin is present in small
amounts in egg yolk and butter but is
especially abundant in cod liver oil, It
controls in some way the deposit of
lime and phosphorus in ‘bony  struc-
tures of the body. It has also been re-
discovered that natural sunlight ac-
complishes the same purpose as cod
liver oil. Therefore, cod liver oil is
given to babies and young children; it
is needed especially during the Winter
when less sunlight reaches the skin.
Although for centuries it had been ob-
served that cod liver oil and sunlight
prevented rickets yet this knowledge
failed to become generally applied.

Dr. Stanley W. Sayer,

District Health Officer, New York.
—_+-.+____
Charge Accounts,

The solicitation of charge accounts
during the period from Thanksgiving
to (Christmas is a detail which many
Stores overlook, but the Hub, Chicago,
found it highly profitable to send out
to a selected list of prospective credit
patrons a double mailing card contain-
ing, on the upper portion the follow-
ing copy: “With so many things to
buy and so many departments to visit,
a charge account is very much of a
convenience at (Christmas time. No
necessity of carrying money in crowds,
with risk of losing it. No waiting for
change. We invite you to present your
application in person or simply to fill
in the attached card.”

The lower portion of the postcard,
to ‘be torn off and mailed to the store,
contained a credit application blank
with spaces for the customer's name,
address, business address, bank and
other references.

—

_—

Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

63

 

 

Michigan Bankers
and

Merchants Mutual Fire
Insurance Company

Fremont, Michigan

Chartered August 14, 1916

Co O39

Principal Causes of Fire
as reported by the National Board of Fire Underwriters

Careless handling of matches and smoking
Defective chimneys and flues

Overheated stoves, furnaces, boilers, etc.
Electric wiring and appliances
Spontaneous combustion

Sparks on combustible roofs.

CHECK OVER THESE HAZARDS IN YOUR STORE.

POPS hr

Fvery fire adds to the already high cost of living. It matters not whether the fire
occurs on a neighbor's property or on your own, whether the property be insured or
not, it robs you individually, despoils your community, and drains the resources of
the Nation.

Each of us must pay our share of this waste—in high insurance rates—in curtailed
production—in unemployment—in decreased purchasing power—in business fric-
tion—unfilled contracts—delayed deliveries, etc.

These are the indirect results of fire all of which help to clog the economic flow of
goods from producer to consumer.

We can help you to a saving of from 30 to 40% in the purchase of fire insurance
of a safe and dependable character.

For Rates and Terms on any W 7 Secretary-
Mercantile Risk in Michigan, write to M. N. SENF, Treasurer

 

 

 

64
LOS ANGELES TO CHICAGO.

 

How It Was Navigated With a Buick
Car,

Some men, in haste, take to the air

To make their trip complete,

While others linger on the earth
Content to use concrete.

In either case, you must get there,
“Step on the gas’’ no matter where, ;
A lot of speed, a bit of greed,

These two some think make men succeed;
It is not what you see or say,

It’s just your distance for the day.

I am fully aware that a transcontin-
ental motor trip has become quite an
ordinary affair. There are probably
a few who are still innocent and have
such a trip in mind, also it is quite
possible there may be a comparative
interest on the part of some who have
made the trip; therefore, in so much
and soforth, hereby and aforesaid, I am
taking the risk of preparing this ar-
ticle from the experiences and inci-
dents of my drive, even though they
be commonplace.

There are three automobile routes
East and West, and to decide which
one to select you quite naturally ask
of those who have been over them.
That sounds easy, but it does not work
out, They do not agree. Even auto-
mobile club clerks do not settle that
phase; that is, if you happen to go to
more than one. iIt is like the town
where there were two hotels, When a
native was asked which hotel was the
better, he replied, “Stranger, whichever
one you stop at you will wish you had
stopped at the other.” So after due
deliberation I decided on the Southern
route, because it offered more concrete
pavement, as against about 300 miles
more distance, and as it was with the
hotels, the next time I will take an-
other route,

Some preliminaries must be attend-
ed to before starting. Being alone, I
must not take in any hitch-hikers.
Even Democrats and Republicans
seem to agree on that precaution, so I
piled the front seat with baggage until
I just could not take anyone in. That
sort of relieves one’s conscience while
it accumulates callus; one meets at
least twenty a day and that gesture
which expresses their willingness to
ride, if it could be changed from a
horizontal to a vertical direction,
would be an asset to an evangelist.

Then coming East I must expect to
encounter rain, so J put the umbrella
where I might get it on a moment’s
notice, because of that peculiarity of
Eastern weather, As it turned out, the
only rain I encountered during the ride
was in California, which, according to
its reputation, “it should’nt ought to
have done.” Also, it will be colder as
I get farther East. Better put in a
suit of “heavies” in the hand baggage.
Then when it gets too cold I can draw
up beside the road, pull down the cur-
tains and change underclothes. As it
turned out, I had to take off my coat
instead, Those “heavies” were oppres-
sive even locked up in the valise, But,
it is time to start. October 1, 1931,
5:30 a. m,

Los Angeles to Yuma, 287 miles.

This route takes you through the
Imperial Valley by way of’ Redlands,
Indio and El Centro, a valley already
wonderful for its vegetables and fruits.
Especially interesting is the date cul-
ture, now on a profitable basis and pro-

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

ducing fruit that is date perfect. Grape
fruit bearing the brand of this valley
is always of the best. ‘What the fu-
ture of this valley will be when the
‘Colorado river project reaches it stag-
gers the imagination. They can fatten
‘China, and that’s a mouthful. But as
you near Yuma, the great sand dunes
speak only of a country beyond
reclamation, Yuma! Well, Yuma have
it. Ima going on. The hotel was good
at $2.50 per night.
Yuma to Bowie, Arizona, 366 miles.
The country between Yuma and
Bowie, well, I guess it just happened,
although [ don’t know why it should.
The first stopping place out bore my
name, “Wellton” and I stopped at a
filling station to enquire why, but they
refused to incriminate themselves and

 

road was giving away. I failed to re-
gain my equilibrium quick enough and
before it can be told J was going over
the side, down an embankment toward
the lake of water of uncertain depth at
a slant that portended a capsize of real
peril, My intuition to regain the road
must have prompted me to step on the
power rather than the brakes or I
should certainly have turned over, but
the machine settled in the mud and
rested on the chassis, utterly power-
less, it was parallel with the road.
Well, there was nothing I could say
that would do justice to the occasion,
but I knew just what the term
“soft shoulders’ meant. There J was
hopelessly planted in the mud, some
six miles from the nearest village and
the sun already low. I scrambled to

Frank Welton,

I could do nothing about it. At Ben-
son I was told of a cut-off which would
Save me ninety miles, and my inform-
ant assured me the roads were “very
fair.” His dictionary must have been
a different one than mine. It was on
this road [ noticed a highway sign
which was new to me, it read “soft
shoulders,” of course, I knew such
things were possible, but I hadn’t no-
ticed them being advertised before; I
fully intended to take them for granted
and let it go at that, but I must have
had something of the same impulse
that prompts one to test a “Wet Paint”
sign, for when driving over a com-
paratively new road built for some
miles through a shallow lake, I must
have ventured too close to the edge for
I became aware that the side of the

the road and hailed the first auto, in-
tending to send for help, and we had
just commenced to size up the situa-
tion when a big bus came up beside us
and stopped, and from all openings,
windows, doors and keyholes came
some twelve or fifteen big husky base
ball players. They seemed to take no
particular interest in me, but they did
not like the position of that Buick, and
they proceeded to gather round it and
shake it much as a father would shake
an unruly son (I believe it is not done
now). It might engender a sort of re-
spect in the boy for the authority of
the father. It did not take me long to
realize that they were perfectly equal
to the situation and they were going to
see it through. The bus driver had a
shovel and a rope and they were both

Forty-eighth Anniversary

soon in use and in strong hands, I
found out they had won in the game
that afternoon and this was just the
job they were ready for. The rope was
soon adjusted and [I was invited to
step on the gas, the first try broke the
rope, then they doubled it and the next
trial the machine moved slowly but
steadily up the grade to the middle of
the pavement, Glory be. Then we all
gave a rebel yell. J didn’t lose more
than thirty minutes with an accident
which might easily have been a trag-
edy. I was so flabbergasted with joy
I forgot to offer to pay for the rope.
Some way I rather think that base
ball team was sent to help me out, It
was my plan to reach Lordsburg for
the night, but with mudholes and roads
so crooked it would make a rail fence
turn green with envy, darkness over-
took me and I stopped at a little burg
called Bowie. I was convinced while
eating at the little cafe that the name
came from some kind of a knife and
that they still hold that utensil in high
esteem. The little hotel was clean but
antique and the landlady could not
quite understand why I wanted to take
a bath before the end of the week. This
bit of extravagance ran my bill up to
$1.25 for the night.

Bowie to Van Horn, Texas, 339 miles.

The roads are very good and the
country very poor. It is hard to under-
stand how such land can pay for the
building and upkeep for the pavement,
yet they are building and repairing all
the time and there are very few de-
tours. The prevailing taste on the
part of those who lay out the roads
runs to beautiful curves and frequent
dips, probably to keep the driver awake
and alert. One of these days someone
will suggest to the supervisors that a
straight line is the shortest distance
between two points. ‘They have not
heard that yet. Van Horn is just a
nice hotel in the desert, nothing to en-
tertain the tourist, no movie, and when
you say that there is no need to go into
particulars, I think the country will
improve to-morrow,

Van Horn to Abilene, Tex., 337 miles.

The country has improved to-day,
the Mexican contingent is fading out,
the towns show enterprise, at least that
once was. All the country is partici-
pating in the general depression. No
one has escaped. Apilene is a college
town, and as one of the hotel bell boys
explained, it is very religious, no Sun-
day movies, but the people are good
looking and intelligent notwithstand-
ing. I noticed one incongruity. The
leading undertakers are “Laughter &
Co.” How do you suppose they get any
business?
Abilene, Tex., to Oklahoma City,
Okla., 384 miles.

The ride through Oklahoma makes
a good impression as to the State and
its resources. The towns are well
built and prosperous looking. I passed
through ‘Clairmont, of Will Rogers
fame, a country town with good agri-
cultural surroundings. Oklahoma City
is a real metropolis and business cen-
ter. Its business blocks and hotels are
up to the minute. In some way they
have learned about Eastern prices,
Oklahoma ‘City to Springfield, Mo., 333

miles,

Missouri did not enthuse me very
much, I presume it was the section

“
4
Taian

i

 

t

 

 

 

 

i i Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

TT NT A

The House of Quality

Radematker-Dooge

Grocer Company

Grand Rapids, Michigan
Distributors of

Peter Pan Peas
Peter Pan Corn
Every Day Evaporated Milk
Fremont Canned Vegetables
Larabee Flour
Mary-Lou Flour
Bouquet Tea
Ra-Do Teas
Morning Cup Coffee
Colonial Coffee
Chicken of the Sea Tuna Fish
American Beauty Oats
Elk’s Pride Catsup
Bis Master Malt
Blue Ribbon Malt
Puritan Malt

The House of Service

 

 

 

 

66

that the pavement went through, poor
agriculture, lots of scrub timber, miles
of twisted roads. Springfield has
nothing to recommend it, just another
town. I got a different slant on that
saying, “I am from Missouri.” Maybe
there’s a reason,

Springfield, Mo., to Springfield, II.

343 miles.

There were some road repairs in
progress at St. Louis which made it
necessary for me to cross the Missis-
sippi and Missouri rivers at Alton, Ill.
It lost me small mileage and enabled
me to avoid the city proper. It was a
real treat to get into Illinois. Roads
well paved, running on section lines,
fine farms, crops well cared for and
soil remarkably productive. Spring-
field is an old, well built city, hotels
and business buildings substantial and
modern, and an atmosphere hallowed
by the memory of Abraham Lincoln.
Springfield, Ill, to Evanston, IIl., 216

miles,

J skirted the West edge of Chicago
and avoided some thirty-five miles of
Chicago congestion. ‘Chicago is not
an overgrown town, it answers the
definition of a great city in every sense,
but it is nice to get out of it after busi-
ness hours,

Now for the figures which you may
compare and analyze as you like. I
kept a little book hanging to the dash
and every item of expense was written
down “pronto.”

Total mileage, 2605.

Gasoline used, 192 gallons.

Average cost per gallon, 14.67c.

Mileage per gallon, 13.56 miles.

Machine cost, $36.80.

Personal expense, $27.81.

Time, seven and one-half days,

It will be remembered that the ma-
chine expense would have been little
more with four passengers,

Frank Welton.
—_72—
Federal Aid To Canners of Poultry
Products.

The canning of poultry is quite an
important industry. (In normal years
probably 25,000,000 to 30,000,000,000
pounds of dressed poultry are used for
this purpose. However, since in many
canned poultry products, poultry meat
comprises only a part of the contents
of the can, and in some instances only
a small part, an incorrect idea of the
size and importance of the poultry
canning industry is likely to be obtain-
ed from the above figures.

Poultry is canned in a wide variety
of products, ranging all the way from
whole and half chickens, boned chicken
and various specialty products, such
as chicken a la king, chicken tamales,
chicken chop suey, etc., to a large va-
riety of chicken ‘broths and chicken
soups in combination with various
vegetables.

The Division of Dairy and Poultry
Products renders service to the poultry
canning industry in two ways. First,
by inspection of the chicken used in
many of the poultry canning establish-
ments and, second, by the compilation
and issuance of a report of the quan-
tities of poultry used for canning pur-
poses by poultry canning establish-
ments,

The poultry inspection work is car-
ried on under authority of an act of
Congress and in accordance with rules

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

ii

and regulations of the ‘Secretary of
Agriculture and instructions of the
Chief of the Bureau of Agricultural
Economics. The first demand for this
inspection service arose as the result
of one of the large poultry canning
companies in the United States desir-
ing to export a canned poultry prod-
uct to ‘Canada. Entry of such product
to that country was prohibited by law
unless the product was accompanied
by a Federal certificate showing that
the poultry from which it was pre-
pared had received Federal inspection,
The service was later requested by an-
other company which foresaw the ad-
vertising possibilities in having its
poultry products prepared under ‘Gov-
ernment inspection. Later the New
York City Board of Health passed a
regulation prohibiting the sale of can-
ned poultry products in that city un-
less they are prepared from poultry
which had ‘been inspected by some
agency acceptable to it. The inspection
service of the Bureau of ‘Agricultural
Economics was designated as an ac-
ceptable service.

In so far as the United States De-
partment of Agriculture is concerned
the inspection of the poultry used by
canning establishments is in no sense
compulsory. ‘The service is provided
to those plants which request it and
which agree to conform Ito the require-
ments of the Bureau. It is necessary
for such plants to have all of the poul-
try which they use inspected and it is
also necessary for the plants to ‘meet
the sanitary requirements of the Bu-
reau, both with respect to equipment
and to methods employed.

Inasmuch as the Department has
very limited funds with which it can
carry on this service it is also neces-
sary for ‘the plants to agree to carry
the full costs of the service. This, in
turn, makes it necessary for the Bu-
reau to co-operate with some other or-
ganization in rendering this service,
which organization acts in the capacity
of a fiscal agent collecting from the
plants the amounts charged and utiliz-
ing the funds collected to pay the in-
spectors’ salaries and other costs of
the service. The inspectors utilized
are, therefore, employes of the co-
operative agency who are licensed by
the United States Department of Ag-
riculture. In their work as inspectors
they are responsible solely to the De-
partment of Agriculture for the proper
performance of their duties,

The rules and regulations of the Sec-
retary of Agriculture provide that
every poultry carcass must be inspect-
ed at the time of evisceration by a
qualified veterinarian. This means that
each carcass is opened up in such a
manner tthat the body cavities and the
organs and parts of the carcass may be
examined by the inspector to deter-
mine whether the birds are free from
disease and that they are in other ways
fit for human food.

‘When canned poultry products are
prepared from poultry inspected iby the
Bureau of Agricultural Economics, the
canners are allowed to place on the
can labels, the inspection legend of this
‘Bureau which reads as follows: “In-
spected and Certified by Bureau of
Agricultural Economics, United States
Department of Agriculture.”

Since this service is permissive and

ane aaa Sa De OE a ee ee eae

not compulsory not all canners take
advantage of it. (However, all of the
larger canners are using this service
and a large proportion of the poultry
used by commercial canning plants is
now inspected and certified by the Bu-
reau of Agricultural Economics, Dur-
ing the year 1930, a total of 22,571,400
pounds of poultry was inspected by
licensed inspectors of the ‘Bureau. Of
this amount 997,954 pounds, or 4.4 per
cent., were rejected as unfit for human
food. It is interesting to note that, as
might be expected, the largest per-
centage of rejections occur in poultry
of the lower grades. In poultry of
comparable grades, rejections run
heaviest in fowl, that is mature hens,
lighter in old cock birds, and lightest
of all in young chickens,

The total number of birds rejected
in 1930 was 311,859. Of this number
207,132 birds, or 66.4 per cent., were
rejected because of avian tuberculosis.
The rest of the rejections were due to
septicemia, emaciation, decomposition,
haemostasis, tumors, bruises, and vari-
ous incidental causes. All carcasses
which are rejected as unfit for human
food are denatured under the super-
vision of inspector and later destroyed.

The second service which the Di-
vision of Dairy and Poultry Products
performs for the poultry canning in-
dustry is the preparation of a monthly
report of quantities of poultry used in
canning. This report was {first issued
in the Fall of 1929. It is compiled each
month from reports received from the
poultry canning establishments. It
reports the quantity of poultry canned
during the previous month and shows

a comparison with the preceding
month and with the same
month of the previous year. While

this report of poultry canned is not a
complete report for the United States,
it does include the reports of all of the
larger poultry canning establishments
and, therefore, undoubtedly includes a
great majority of the poultry used for
this punpose. Certainly, the percent-
age included in the report is so great
that it gives a very good index of
fluctuations in poultry canning activi-
ties and, therefore, gives the industry
valuable information concerning its

current status. (Roy ‘C. Potts.
——__>+>_____
How a Grocer’s Collections Were
Improved.

Two brothers were associated in the
grocery business in an outlying neigh-
borhood of Chicago. They had been
operating for a few years, carrying
their account in our bank, where they
asked for and received nominal credit
occasionally. One day one of them
took sick suddenly, and died after a
short illness,

As both men were in the early
thirties, the resultant shock to the sur-
vivor as well as to the widow of the
deceased, admittedly great as a per-
sonal loss, surpassed only slightly the
shock to tthe business, and for the fol-
lowing reason:

‘Shortly after her husband’s death,
the ‘widow asked her brother-in-law to
buy out her half of the business for
cash. The partnership was dissolved
by death, she was the sole heir by the
will, and she demanded liquidation, or
at least realization on her half. The
surviving brother came to the bank

Forty-eighth Anniversary

with the problem, and asked if it were
possible to borrow $7,500 to pay off his
sister-in-law, the amount having been
determined by a special inventory and
audit.

The bank had never loaned this
business over $1,000, and usually less,
when it had a worth of about $15,000
with two men at the head of it. Find-
ing itself asked to lend $7,500 to be
immediately paid out of the business,
which cut ‘the previous margin of
safety in half, together with the prev-
ious loss by death of one of the man-
agers, was a hard pill for us to swal-
low. Of course we could refuse, but
we wanted to help, at the same time
protecting the interests of the bank.

‘We asked to see the newly audited
statement, and on examining it, no-
ticed accounts receivable amounted to
$10,000. We enquired if it was neces-
sary to maintain this at so high a fig-
ure, and were told that most of the
clientele were people of means who
wanted accounts that were paid
monthly. This was in a high-grade
district and there was no great risk in
this apparently large accommodation.

Nevertheless, we insisted that, in
view of the fact that the surviving
partner was hard pressed for funds, he
would have to do some drastic collect-
ing. Therefore, with the understand-
ing that the grocer would put one of
his ‘best men on the street getting in
money, he was permitted to borrow
$7,500 for ninety days,

All collections were to be applied on
the note, and no extension was to be
granted. ‘The grocer protested that he
would lose many good customers, but
we told him to tell those who com-
plained ‘that his misfortune demanded
their helping him to that extent, at
least. Those who would not were not
worth keeping, we argued,

Much to the grocer’s surprise and
our satisfaction, the amount needed
was collected and paid within the time
limit. The clerk who did the work
spent only part time on it, usually in
the evenings and late afternoons, sav-
ing the business any added expense.
Those few who did not pay had old
accounts and were not worth keeping
as customers,

The procedure taught the grocer a
lot of his business that he had not
known, and paid him by being able to
continue approximately the same vol-
ume on half the capital.

The bank earned his undying grati-
tude and good will. The widow was
so pleased to get her money in a lump
sum that she invested it all, together
with the life insurance money, in se-
curities sold her by the bank. So the
bank also profited, as well as having
the satisfaction of helping to save a
business, and teaching its owner some-
thing about the credit requirements of
his customers, Alan D, Whitney.

—<—. > <> —> —
To Keep Men Home.

“Gifts That Will Help To Keep a
Man at Home,” was the headline used
most effectively by the J. L Hudson
‘Company, Detroit, over a listing of ar-
ticles of comfort most desired by the
male side of the house. These included
lounging robes, slippers, ashtrays, cig-
arette boxes, table lighters, cocktail
shakers and the like, ranging in price

from $2.50 to $50.

    

SAE ARLES CCE EES Ie Dene TS

 

 

 

 

 

hi

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

 

 

 

 

 

Overnight Delivery

To Your Store Door

The Wholesale Merchants
Bureau of the Detroit
Board of Commerce is
comprised of over 300 of
the leading wholesale
firms in Detroit—organ-
ized expressly to help im-
prove retail conditions
and to elevate the city to
the highest plane of mer-
chandising efficiency.

The Wholesale Merchants
Bureau cordially invites
vou to take advantage of
its facilities. For informa-
tion about the Detroit
market, or if you have
any transportation prob-
lems, write E. E. Prine,
secretary, Detroit, Mich-
igan.

More and more merchants in the Detroit trading area
turn to the Detroit market each year. These buyers find
this market extremely profitable because of its ability to
substantially serve every type of retail business to meet
the particular requirements of the territory served.

Nor is the splendid merchandising service all that
makes this a desirable market for the retail trade. No city
in the country can offer more complete transportation
facilities, assuring the class of speedy service so necessary
in the conduct of business today.

In addition to the regular railroad service, motor truck
lines are making store deliveries to over 1,500 cities and
towns within a radius of 250 miles. More than 70
responsible trucking companies are operating under per-
mits issued by the Michigan Utilities Commission.

The Wholesale Merchants Bureau, affiliated with the
Detroit Board of Commerce, takes just pride in the
efficiency of Detroit’s market delivery system . . . as it
does in the merchandising accomplishments that have
given Detroit a high rating with the leaders in the United
States.

Changing conditions have been promptly met by this
organization with the introduction of newer, more modern

methods . . . with one combined thought in the fore-
front . . . of carrying the kind of stocks that would not
only meet, but would anticipate the demands on the
stores . . . a system that would place goods ordered, at

the proper destinations with the greatest possible dispatch.

The Wholesale Merchants Bureau

OF THE

Detroit Board of Commerce

 

 

 

 

  

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

DON’T BE TOO SURE.

 

Never Permit Self-Interest To Decide
a Point.

Banker Herron, President of the
’*Steenth National, was honest. There
wasn’t a man in the city where the
*Steenth National did business who
could successfully dispute that. He
was popular, too, in a way, for the
successful usually are popular. Still,
there was an imperious air about Her-
ron which some of his customers did
not like. He never argued nor dis-
puted with a man who could not look
at a business point as he did. He
made his boasts that he never argued.
“T tell them about it,” he would say.
And he expected that to settle it.
When he had once made up his mind,
why, there was no use in trying to
reason with him.

Herron was condescending, too, on
occasion, and seemed to have an idea
that he might increase his own im-
portance and the power of his bank
by giving out the impression that he
was doing a man a favor if he did
business with him. One of the men
who rebelled against this sort of
treatment was Sutton, the commis-
sion man. Sutton was wealthy, too,
as a man should be who tells his mar-
ket what he will pay for produce, and
also tells his customers what they must
pay. I am aware that Mr. Vinkemul-
der and Mr. Dark may rise up here
and point out the fallacy of this in-
ference concerning the riches of a
commission man, but I’m not arguing
the point. I’m telling you the history

of a deal between Sutton and Herron
of the ’Steenth National.

Anyway, Sutton was rich. Some
said that he had more money than
Herron. Perhaps he did have. At all
events, he had so much that he kept
some of it at Herron’s bank, although,
as has been said, he resented Herron’s
patronizing air.

Now, Sutton’s account at the
’Steenth National was virtually a dor-
mant one. Sutton wouldn’t put it in
the shape of a savings account for
the reason that, in case of a financial
flurry, the mank might hold out on
him under the savings laws. He
wouldn’t put it in the shape of a cer-
tificate of deposit, because the bank
wouldn’t pay interest on it unless he
agreed to keep it in that shape for a
year. So he just left it as a dormant
account, never depositing more, never
drawing a check against it. This was
not business, but it was Suttonesque.
The money was safe with Herron,
Sutton said, and that was enough. But
there came a time when Sutton began
to think hat no money was safe with
Herron.

One day Sutton went to the
*Steenth National after his dormant
account. Of course an account is not
dormant, under the law, until it has
not been exercised for twenty years
or more, but it is just as well to call
an inactive account a dormant ac-
count. So Sutton went after $10,000
to buy a piece of farm land out in
the county and drew his check for it.
The paying teller looked at Sutton
and then at the check. Then he left

his ‘box for a moment and went back
to the book-keeper,

“I reckon you've forgotten the
transaction of a couple of weeks ago,”
said the teller, as he turned to Sut-
ton again.

“What's that?” demanded Sutton.

“Why, you haven’t got that much
money in the bank now,” replied the
official.

Sutton went right up in the air in
a second.

“Tve got $20,000 in here this minute!”
he roared, “and I’ll change that check
so as to draw out the whole sum.
I don’t like your cheap jokes!”

“But you drew out $15,000 two weeks
ago,’ said the teller. “Your checks
passed through the Corn State Bank
and were paid here.”

By this time Sutton was running
around in circles when he could keep
on the floor of the bank long enough
to give him steer-way.

“T never cashed a check at the Corn
State Bank!” he howled. “I never en-
tered the doors of that concern! Here!
What is this? A hold-up? Where’s old
Herron?”

Just then Herron was standing in
the door of the President’s room, look-
ing over his glasses at Sutton,

“Look here, Herron!” shouted Sut-
ton, waving his hands in the direction
of the paying teller, “this man refuses
to cash my check. He’s got a cock-
and-bull story about my not having
money to meet it! You come down
here and seek about it.”

Herron went down to see about it,
while Sutton cavorted about the Pres-

ident’s room and longed for the feel
of his money as W. Jennings Bryan
longed for the fat emoluments con-
nected with a certain high position at
Washington.

“There’s something wrong here,”
said Herron, presently, walking back
to where Sutton was wearing holes
in the new carpet of the sacred room.
“Our record shows that you drew out
$15,000 two weeks ago, your paper
passing through the Corn State Bank.
What do you know about that?”

“Nothing!” howled Sutton. “It is a
scheme to beat me out of my money.
Come, you old four-flusher, order that
man to pay me $20,000.”

Herron’s dignity was hurt. He did
not like being called a four-flusher.
Instead of considering the excited
condition of his traducer, he became
angry and ordered him out of his
private room.

“Tf I drew any money here,” roared
Sutton, then refusing to bridge, “show
up the checks! You show ’em to me,
you old scoundrel, or I’ll have a bank
examiner here in two hours!”

This was a reasonable request, and
the President ordered the book-keep-
er to produce the two checks on which
the $15,000 had been paid. He looked
and looked, did the book-keeper, but
he couldn’t find the checks. It was a
mighty suspicious circumstance, but
they had disappeared. There was noth-
ing to show for the missing $15,000 but
the entry on the book-keeper’s books.

“Now, you old humbug!” roared
Sutton, shaking his fist under Her-
ron’s nose. “Now, you fraud, you

 

 

 

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formulas.

 

 

 

Postma Biscuit Co.

 

and

Holland Spiced Cookies

Masterpieces of the bakers art.
Made since 1882 from the original

Be the distributors in your territory
with items that are different, and
that repeat without much effort.

1135 Broadway

 

 

Grand Rapids,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

just hand over that money or I’ll have
your old bank tied up in three jerks
of a lamb’s tail. Make a claim like
that, will you? What have you done
with my money? Hand it over!”

But Herron did not hand it over.
Instead, he explained to Sutton that
he was a blackmailer and a_ bunco-
stearer, and that he had stolen all the
money he ever owned, and was now
trying to make a bigger winning than
usual,

“It was irregular, the way you kept
your money here!” said Herron. “No
sane man would let so much money
lie idle. But I see now why you did
it. You've been laying for the bank.
We'll have you in jail if you don’t get
out of here!”

While this pleasant exchange of
compliments was going on the bank
employes and such customers as had
business there listening in highly
amused and interested attitudes, the
cashier was telephoning to the Corn
State Bank. It was learned that Sut-
ton, or some one purporting to be Sut-
ton, had deposited the checks there on
the 17th of July and had left the pro-
ceeds there for ten days, checking
against the account three times, The
last check wiped out the account. The
bank book had never been returned
nor closed by the bank.

“Do you see anything green in my
eye?” roared Herron to Sutton, when
this information was conveyed to him
‘by the cashier, who walked sidewise
into the room because of the belli-
gerent attitudes of the two men, “You
have a good nerve to put up such a
game on me! Get out of here!”

from other banks,

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

This was undignified, and all that,
and Herron should have calmed the
angry customer and kept the thing
quiet until the truth could be ascer-
tained. But Herron was dead certain
that Sutton was trying to rob him,
and Sutton knew that Herron was
trying to increase his wealth in an
unlawful manner, and there you are.
Both men had bossed other people so
long that they would not yield a hair’s
breadth,

So Sutton started the story that
Herron’s ‘bank was on its last legs,
and that the President thereof was
stealing money from his depositors,

and Herron said at the Club that night

that Sutton must be getting into a
tight place, probably because of bad
investments, to try such a game as that
to raise money.

The result was that there was a run
on the ‘bank in the morning, and Her-
ron went around collecting currency
the cash of the
*Steenth National being mostly out
earning more. He went to a bank
where Sutton was interested, in this
search for currency, and found Sutton
there trying vainly to borrow money.
He heard the commission man say-
ing that the lies Herron was telling
about him had brought every creditor
he had down on him for immediate
payment, So the two men glared at
each other, each thinking what a shape
the other had got things into. There
were doings in that city for several
days. The banks lost hundreds of
thousands of dollars in deposits, and
Sutton had to sacrifice property in or-
der to pay claims presented, And

still the $15,000 dispute waxed hotter
and hotter. ‘Both disputants were
getting the worse of it.

Now, the Chief of Police of the city
happened to be a clever man. [| say
“happened to be” because there are a
good many chiefs who are not clever,
who are not even intelligent, but are
vicious brutes. One day this Chief
went to ‘Herron and asked him two
questions which solved the whole
puzzle, to-wit:

“Are there any other checks miss-
ing?”

“Where was the book-keeper on the
17th of July?”

There were no other checks missing,
The book-keeper was away on his an-
nual vacation on the 17th of July. He
said, when questioned, that he was out
of the city at a littie resort with his
family, and his wife backed him up in
this. But he had been seen near the
Corn ‘State Bank on the 17th of July,
looking more like Sutton than ever.
It was because he resembled Sutton
that he had plotted the steal. The
book-keeper was a weak man, and con-
fessed, when the first word of suspicion
was said of him, that he had drawn the
money and destroyed the checks. He
had buried the $15,000, and was about
to make off with it when the officer
who was watching him nabbed him
and secured the confession.

This left a pretty kettle of fish for
Herron and Sutton to settle! They
had each been positive that the other
was a rogue, and each had said action-
able things about the other. They had
both been too sure. I don’t know how
it was finally arranged between them

69

or whether it ever was arranged, but
it is a well-known fact that they are
both very conservative men to this day,
Neither one of them would fly off the
handle and call any man a swindler
now unless he had the verdict of a jury
and the sentence of a judge to back
him up, And this is the correct busi-
ness attitude. Don’t ‘be too sure!
Alfred B. Tozer.

a
Preventable Blindness.

Half of all blindness is preventable.
So states Lewis H. Carris, managing
director of the National Society for
the Prevention of Blindness. How far
this preventability is turned into pre-
vention depends upon the use which
we make of our knowledge. Informa-
tion regarding the saving of sight in
new-born babies, for instance, ought
to be spread into the farthest corners
of the Nation. Then there is the pre-
vention of blindness from industrial
accidents, this prevention requiring the
co-operatino of employer and employe.
A fairly recent development in the
effort to prevent blindness is the estab-
lishmént of sight-saving classes, of
which there are now about 375 in the
United States. These classes do not
stop with their members, for in con-
sequence of their establishment greater
attention is paid to the eyes of all the
children in the school and to the mat-
ter of sight in general, with the re-
sult, for one thing, of better lighting
systems. It is highly gratifying to feel
that the distress caused by one of the
worst of human afflictions is gradually
being reduced,

 

 

The Preferred Automobile Insurance Co.

Home Office
Grand Rapids, Michigan

Asks you to investigate the reasons for cheap rates
for Automobile Insurance.

If you know the reason you will not buy insurance
on that basis.

You will buy a policy giving the best protection.

We Sell Quality Insurance

The Preferred Automobile Insurance Co.

AGENTS WANTED IN MANY VILLAGES

 

 

 

 

70
FOOD VALUE OF RIPE OLIVES.

 

Should Be Treated as Fruit, Not as a
Pickle,

‘Carved over the portal of one of
California’s buildings are the words of
a true poet expressing the guiding
spirit of the ‘State—“Bring Me Men
to Match My Mountains.”

Mountains challenge us to worthy
thought and deed. ‘Mountains look
down on gentle valleys landscaped
with all manner of floral wealth, val-
leys checkered by white roadways
margined with stately pine and red-
woods or outlined by the fragrant
grace of nodding eucalyptus’ trees.
They look down on vistas patched and
shaded by the kindness of fruiting
trees which bring us not alone beauty,
but sustenance and material wealth in
the form of a marketable product—
groves of walnut and almond, orchards
of soft and citrus fruits and olives.

Not the least among these is the
olive tree, which always in leaf of
deep green and silvery gray presents
a beautiful sight at all seasons of the
year. And how ¢losely is the history
of this tree linked with that of Cali-
fornia. Although the olive probably is
the first fruit mentioned in history,
thousands of years before the ‘Chris-
tian era, the first olive tree was in-
troduced into the Western World: in
1560. This tree was ‘brought from
Spain and planted in Peru. Later, slips
from Peru were planted in Mexico.
From there plantings were brought to
California by our good Padre Junipero
Serra and his Franciscan missionaries
who signalized the beginning of civil-
ization in ‘California by founding the
Mission San Diego de Alcala.

‘Thus seven years prior to the sign-
ing of our Declaration of Independ-
ence, these Franciscan Fathers brought
young olive trees from Mexico and
planted them at the San Diego Mis-
sion, Each one of the chain of mis-
sions established by these early padres
in a system extending as far North as
Sonoma, had its olive grove derived
directly or indirectly from the original
planting at San Diego. ‘These mission
groves thrived and supplied cuttings
and seeds for further plantings in the
areas in which they ministered. Some
of the original mission trees are still
thrifty and productive. From them
olive growing has become a vital in-
dustry in many sections of our State.
It has been, however, only within the
last thirty-five or forty years that the
olive industry has assumed a place of
importance in the fruit industry of the
United States,

The commercial production of olives
in the United States, with the excep-
tion of a small acreage in Arizona, is
confined entirely to ‘California.
groves today are distributed widely
throughout the State. Their commer-
cial culture, however, has reached’ its
greatest development in three districts
in Northern and ‘Central California
centering around Oroville and ‘Corning
in the North, and around Lindsay, Tu-
lare county, in the central part of the
State, and in the South represented by
the Sylman Grove, two miles North of
San Fernando, Los Angeles county.
This latter grove is said be the largest
olive orchard in the world, comprising

Olive -

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

as it does 1,200 acres in one body of
bearing trees,

Olive trees in California are general-
ly given careful cultivation, which is in
marked contrast with cultural condi-
tions of Southerr. Europe. ‘Conse-
quently, 'California olive trees attain
greater size than ‘those of (Spain,
France, Italy, and Greece. Our trees
begin to bear fruit at from ffive to sev-
en years, while those of Southern Eu-
rope do not bear until approximately
twelve years old. The olive in Cali-
fornia is remarkably free from diseases
and pests. Difficulties attending the
efforts of the foreign grower from
these causes are absent almost entirely
in California,

For over 100 years after introduction
into ‘California, the olive remained only
of local importance, although, with the
gold rush days over and agricultural
development well under way, this tree
and its products were constantly under
discussion. Enterprising growers ex-
perimented. with it throughout the
State. During the last thirty or forty
years of the ninteenth century eighty
or more varieties were introduced
mainly from Spain, Italy, and France.
Practically all of these varieties were
imported for the punpose of manufac-
turing oil. When the oil industry was
displaced by the more profitable pick-
ling of large ripe olives, the demand
for most of the small-fruited varieties,
which had been grown for their oil,
disappeared.

Although the United States has long
been the most important world market
for olive oil, California producers have
provided but a small part of the Na-
tional supply. During the past nine
years approximately 98 per cent, of
the edible oil consumed in this country
has been imported. Price of edible
olive oil, although much above prices
of other oils such as cottonseed, cocoa-
nut, and corn, have at no time during
the past decade been sufficiently high
to return ‘to California producers of oil
olives a satisfactory price.

It was not until native ingenuity and
foresight led the ‘California producer
to recognize the value of the olive fruit
fully ripened on the tree ‘that the future
of the industry was assured. Califor-
nia has given to the world the canned
ripe olive. Before the advent of this
product, the nearest approach to it was
the salt cured, dried, or Greek proc-
essed ripe olive which does not com-
pare with it in nutritive value or taste.
Nor does the once common “green
olive’ of the old world compare with
it in flavor or in food value.

The ripe canned olive of California
differs so greatly from tthe olive of
other producing areas, that comparison
between our olives and the foreign
product is impracticable. An olive is
not just an olive; there are many forms
in which this fruit is cured and packed,
and the differences in the product are
striking.

Only in California is the olive ma-
tured or ripened on the tree before
curing and canning. ‘The olive when
ripe is vastly different from the green
olive pickle, which is the olive product
most familiar to the American con-
suming public. The ripe olive, because
it is allowed to mature on the tree be-
fore being pickled, contains a greater
amount of olive oil, the principal food

constituent of this fruit. It follows,
therefore, the ripe olive is higher in
nutritive value by virtue of a distinctive
method of harvesting and preparation.
Also, the ripe olive, as a result of being
naturally ripened on the tree, possesses
a distinctive and most pleasing flavor
not found in any other olive.

‘The ripe canned olive and the pick-
led green olive each has its place in the
well-ordered menu. The former is a
prime relish and a nutritious food. The
latter is an appetizer of fine flavor.
The two olives are not competitors,
and are decidedly different—each sup-
plying a separate need.

The uncured olive has a most pro-
nounced bitter taste, as many a visiting
Easterner has learned, for it has been
a stock California prank to invite a
stranger to “partake of a real fresh
olive—right off the tree.” To eliminate
the cause of this bitterness, the olives
are subjected to a series of baths in
alkaline solutions, and between baths
and after the final one the fruit is
washed in pure water.

During this processing the olives de-
velop the rich brown or black color
characteristic of the ‘California ripe
olive. The fruit is next immersed in
brine, and when the curing is complete
the olives are placed in cans. The cans
are filled with hot salt water, capped
and thus prepared for the cooking
treatment, This takes place in pressure
retorts where the cans are held for an
hour, during which period they are
subjected to a temperature of 240 de-
grees, insuring complete sterilization.

While the ripe olive thas been used
quite generally as a relish, and it is
one of great excellence, the fruit also
has a high food value. This combina-
tion of palatability and nutritiveness
gives the ripe olive an enthusiastic fol-
lowing wherever the product thas been
introduced. People have just begun
to fully appreciate it.

Professor M. E. Joffa, specialist in
nutrition at the University of iCalifor-
nia, furnished the very interesting
statement that “the ripe olive is too
often considered merely as a relish,
rather than a food, whereas it should
be classed among the foods. The ripe
olive is a very valuable, palatable and
easily digested food and should be con-
sidered as such, and not simply as an
accessory or condiment.”

In brief, the ripe olive of California
is a ripe canned fruit, and is packed
exactly as peaches, pears, cherries, and
other canned fruit. It is not a pickle.

Stuart V. Campbell.
——_—__2>>»___

Wholesome Milk as Perfect Food.

To find the perfect food, one is com-
pelled to look to milk. It, of all the
substances used to sustain life, repre-
sents a product that was designed for
that purpose alone. All other foods
have additional functions. It follows
that the slogan, Milk and More Milk
for Everyone, is an entirely reasonable
one,

As a matter of fact, the consumption
of milk for drinking purposes alone
has increased tremendously during the
past 20 years, thanks to a keener ap-
preciation of its value, the scientific
safety surrounding its marketing, its
more comprehensive distribution and
its accessibility in the form of milk

Forty-eighth Anniversary

shakes and allied concoctions at soda
fountains.

Even so, the average adult does not
daily obtain the quantity of milk that
he should obtain. A pint a day is little
enough for everyone (overweights ex-
cepted), and many persons could with
profit drink more than that,

‘Moreover, it is no excuse for anyone
to say that milk in its original state is
unpalatable in view of the many meth-
ods by way of soups, puddings, etc.,
in which this highly nourishing and
ideal food may be used. The problem
is not in what form ‘the body requires
it, but to get it in some form,

In this connection, a word should be
mentioned on the milk hazard. Raw
milk needs a pedigree before it should
be consumed in that form. This is
usually afforded by distributors in a
guarantee of its Grade A quality from
tuberculin tested cattle or by having
the milk “certified” by milk commis-
sion. As a general statement it may be
said that raw milk which is not sup-
ported by these safety assurances
should not be used for drinking pur-
poses.

On the other hand, pasteurized milk,
which is the product now so universal-
ly marketed, is safe, healthy and palat-
able due to the scientific safeguards
surrounding it.

It follows that little, if any, excuse
exists for anyone—young, middle-aged
or older not to get his or her fair share
of pure, clean milk each day. In spite
of this fact, there are millions still in
that class. Are you one of them?

Dr. Theodore B. Appel,
Secretary of Health for Pennsylvania,
——_+~+~-—___
Five Cent Cigar Regains Popularity.

The traditional five cent cigar has
regained popularity in the United
States, B. D. Hill, Chief of the To-
bacco Division of the Department of
Commerce, stated orally Nov. 2.

Over 102,000,000 more nickel cigars
were produced in the first nine months
of 1931 than in the corresponding
period of last year, and they made up
the only “major” class of manufactur-
ed tobacco products of which the out-
put has been increased thus far this
year. The following information also
was made available at the Tobacco
Division:

Cigarette production has fallen off
2.94 per cent. this year, but the United
States has already consumed more
than 89,000,000,000 cigarettes; at this
time last year 92,000,000,000 had been
produced.

‘Outside of the five cent cigars only
snuff, of which approximately 30,000,-
000 pounds is consumed annually, in-
creased in volume so far this year.
Cigars costing more than five cents,
little cigars, cigarettes and large ciga-
rettes have all been produced in small-
er numbers this year,

Part of the increased sales of inex-
pensive cigars is due to the fact that
tobacco companies, adjusting their
selling campaigns to adverse condi-
tions, have concentrated their adver-
tising on five cent brands.

Tobacco companies, which are lend-
ers rather than borrowers of money,
have not been seriously affected by the
general decrease in tobacco sales.

oe? _____
What scope these days for kindli-
ness!

   

II tay ne

— Re A NE eR 7 EN NE ROR EE OE A -~t>

<5 IP tty ms

A NE eR 7 EN NE ROR EE OE A -~t>

Forty-eighth Anniversary

    

 

 

PUBLIC

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

PARTNERSHIP...

QQ

Public utilities are making
substantial contributions to
the maintaining of employ-
ment, wages and local trade
in their communities through
their daily operations, con-
struction activities and the
payment of taxes which help
pay for public works and the
cost of government.

ee!

 

ORE than 295,000 stockholders
have 2 direct financial interest in
the Commonwealth & Southern

system and are directly concerned in its

growth and welfare.

In addition, savings banks, national
banks, life insurance companies, fire insur-
ance companies and other public institu-
tions have invested millions of dollars in
bonds and preferred stocks of the subsi-
diary companies. Hundreds of thousands
of non-stockholders, who have deposits in
banks, or hold life and fire insurance pol-
icies, thus have a financial interest in the

welfare of these companies.

This interest is not confined to the com-
panies of the Commonwealth & Southern
group but is common with that of other

utility companies throughout the country.

THE

(COMMONWEALTH & SOUTHERN
CORPORATION

 

es

 

 

72

Training Youth For Service To
Society.

The school of to-day is not the same
as the school of yesterday. It may be
better, as its supporters believe it to
be, or it may be worse, as its critics
assert. In any event it is different in
aims, procedures, equipment, and or-
ganization. School practice now is
not that of the school which the adult
of to-day attended. One of our prob-
lems is to adjust practice to ideals and
to interpret both to the public who
support our schools. I am speaking
of the public schools, for with that the
taxpayer is chiefly concerned.

Three positive changes in school
practice are clearly evident in the first
quarter of this century. We are re-
examining aims, objectives, procedures,
and results from the scientific point of
view. We have re-organized the curri-
culum. We have shifted the emphasis
from selective education to that of
conserving all abilities, high and low.
In other words, a democratic attitude
has superseded the old aristocratic
view. The older school tried to select
the especially fit and to train them to
succeed where the less fortunate failed.
The modern school recognizes each
child as an individual problem to be
given that training which will enable
him to live a life of maximum service
to society and happiness for himself.
In the words of Jane Adams, “It is bet-
ter to raise the many ever so little
than the few ever so high.”

The school takes a little child and
in three years or less gives him a
mastery of the mechanics of reading.
The primary teacher of to-day is a
trained expert; her methods are based
upon scientific investigation of reading
as reliable as those which are employed
by the doctor or engineer. She can
measure the progress of her pupils by
tests which are as trustworthy as
those used in other professions. She
can study her class as a group, and she
can study every individual in the group.
She teaches the individual pupil and
matches his work of to-day with his
record of yesterday. He then is train-
ed in silent reading. The procedure is
revolutionary and successful,

There is no necessity for going
through the curriculum and showing
how substantilaly it is constructed, or
how well it is being administered.
Subject matter is constantly being
changed as social conditions change;
and methods of presentation, learning,
drill, and testing are being daily im-
proved. The procedure in the mod-
ern school has a basis in scientific
knowledge and it is not to be mastered
by imitation but by sound professional
education. Therefore, the need for
trained teachers, for longer periods of
service, for a recognition by the public
that teaching is one of the most im-
portant professions.

The teacher in our American schools
recognizes her obligations to the child,
to the State, and to the Nation. In
and through all of her work she is
trying by direct instruction and by
example to build into the lives of her
pupils the ideals of America — those
traditions which have made this State
and Nation. The ideal of freedom

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

 

DOUGLAS MALLOCH

HOME’S HOME

Home’s home when you own it, and never before,
Home’s home when it isn’t some other man’s door,
Home’s home when you plan it, and save for it, too,
Home’s home when the landlord is no one but you.
Home’s home when no agent can come for the rent,
Home’s home when you needn't ask someone's consent
To add to the porches, to alter the dome—

Then really, then always, then only, home’s home!

Home’s home when the children may play as they please,
Home’s home when it’s your house, and yours are the keys,
Home’s home when it’s more than a hole in the wall,
Home’s home when you love it, and own it, and all.
Home’s home when it’s your name the stranger will read,
Home’s home when it’s your name in record and deed.
When yours is the structure and yours is the loam,

Then really, then always, then only, home's home!

[Copyrighted, 1931, by Scott Dowd]

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

through law; the importance of the
individual; the dignity of work, the
gospel of self-reliance; the glory of
the commonplace from which virtue
springs; the obligations to society with
the duty of service; the recognition of
ability wherever it may appear; the
equality of opportunity; these are the
very flower of education. Through
literature, history, biography, music,
art, and kindred subjects, the teacher
in our schools is building with her
pupils a democratic and a Christian
civilization. And measured by any reas-
onable standard the product of the
school justifies and glorifies it.

Just now we are in danger of re-
action. The social and leisure hour
activities are often called “frills.” Rath-
er are they the character builders and
we must protect the children and the
State from a false economy. We
shouldn’t try to make the children pay
for our stupidity, cupidity, and blind-
ness. Edgar G. Doudna.

———_+++—__

Colorful Cars.

Among the suggestions for promot-
ing railroad passenger traffic and en-
abling the carriers to compete more
successfully with busses is the proposal
that both cars and locomotives should
be made more colorful. Taking a cue
from other industries which have in-
creased their sales by coloring their
products, it is declared that scarlet,
orange, indigo trains would attract
hundreds of passengers who now avoid
train rides because of the drab and
dusty hue of the cars,

This is not a new idea. A good deal
of experimentation has been made with
colored trains and a large number of
them are now maintained by various
railroad lines. There is the Blue
Comet of the Jersey Central, the
Crescent Limited of the Southern Rail-
way with its light-green cars and en-
gine, the Alton Limited, a red train
running between Chicago and St.
Louis, and many others of equally
vivid hues. Also, many lines which
once specialized in color have now re-
painted their cars in the more conven-
tional black or dark gray. The Chesa-
0} Jensed 2du0 sem O1"Q ® ayead
yellow, the Florida East Coast to
orange, the Baltimore & Ohio to blue,
while the Pennsylvania even had a
white train.

Whether or not colored cars will at-
tract passengers we do not profess to
know, but we hope that the railroads
will carry on or revive their experi-
ments.

—_+->—____
“Come in a Barrel.”

Bloomingdale Brothers, New York
City, report exceptional sales results
from their recent ensemble promotion
in connection with men’s apparel in
which customers were advised to
“Come to Bloomingdale’s fifty-ninth
annual fall sale in your birthday suit
(not forgetting the barrel, of course)
and go home fully dressed—for $59.”

‘Prospective patrons were informed
that they could select a two-trouser
suit, a topcoat or overcoat, hat, union
suit, necktie, sox, shirt, shoes, gloves,
belt or suspenders and a pair of garters
—the regular price of the outfit being
$100.90—for the total ensemble of $59.

 

  
    
   
 
 
 
 
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 73

ADVERTISING
keeps ’em told

QUALITY
keeps ’em sold

A _Sperne nt P es Senda raenis-iiliens eeneectie Scat Reeetianee ss Billiecece-seaiien

HEKMAN'S

puUuIChH

TEA

RUSK

the Toast Supreme

 

ae i et RN te i a SE a

A Delightful Breakfast Cereal
Nothing like It with Mealtime Drinks

Necessary to Hundreds of Deserves a Prominent
Quickly Made Food Dishes Place in Your Store

Made by Dutch Tea Rusk Co., Holland, Mich.

s
eee ~e a Gmc rress

a

 

 

74

THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN.

 

‘Pride in the Service
Rendered.

“Speaking of a universal language,
what’s the matter with money?”

Money talked, much as it does now,
to the oldest of the old-timers of
whom we have record. Croesus, a
Lydian king living in the sixth century
before ‘Christ, not a wise ruler nor an
able warrior, was famous because he
ammassed the huge fortune which
made his name the synonym for a
person of extraordinary affluence.

In ancient Bible times they set great
store by riches. Do not the scriptures
tell how Job, after his afflictions, was
blessed by Jehovah “with fourteen
thousand sheep, six thousand camels,
a thousand yoke of oxen and a thou-

Can Take

sand asses?”

The high esteem in which worldly
treasure was held is even more strik-
ingly shown by -the description in I

Kings of the opulence of Solomon, ~

who, for the luxurious equipment and
furnishings of the magnificent temple
and of his, own house, which was
scarcely less splendid, had pouring into
Jerusalem precious metals in great
quantities, rare woods, and all kinds
of valuables, not only from the coun-
tries close by but from Egypt and
even farther away, since his navy of
Tarshish (a land now believed to be
Italy or Spain)*came once every three
years “bringing gold and silver, ivory
and apes and peacocks.”

We moderns come honestly by our
love of money and all that money will
buy. Nor is it strange that in a world
where life can be maintained only by
careful provision for future needs, the
hoarding instinct, so essential in a
certain degree, becomes in some in-
stances an obsession, and under favor-
able circumstances wealth is amassed
beyond all necessity and all reason.

The spiritual leaders and the great
moralists of the race, all have argued
against undue desire for worldly goods,
but seemingly without avail. Said the
great Teacher of Nazarath, “A man’s
life consisteth not in the abuandance
of the things which he possesseth.”

Yet do we not know those with
whom life seems to consist almost en-
tirely in gloating over an abuandance
of such things as good stocks, bonds,
lands, buildings, and property of any
sort, that they have managed to ac-
cumulate?

We estimate not only our material
belongings but our emotional reactions
as well, in terms of money.

Shortly after the discovery of gold
in California in 1848, a young man,
a resident of Southern Michigan,
started for the new El Dorado to seek
his fortune. A few months after his
arrival, he got into some scrape that
put him in bad with the other miners
at the camp where he was stopping.
A vigilance committee waited upon
him and promptly strung him up.
Commenting on this sad event, his not
overbright brother at home drawlingly
remarked, “I’d ruther’n two dollars
that Bill hadn’t got hanged.” Was this
any more absurd on the part of a poor
nitwit than is the demand of a jilted
belle for $500,000 heart balm?

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

When, in speaknig of a person, we
begin with “He is worth’ we never
finish the sentence by citing his good
qualities or recounting what he has
done. Instead, we appraise his estate.

When we speak of success, nine out
of ten of us mean the kind that has a
dolar mark as its initial letter. By a
successful ‘business we mean one that
is yielding a large income.

However, we are coming to see that
there may be a serious error in our
standard of measurement. Perhaps the
tenets of the moralists have slowly
been gaining some slight entrance into
our minds. It may be that the present
widespread unemployment and con-
sequent misery have enlarged our sym-
pathies and increased the understand-
ing of our hearts. Anyway, some of

 

whether it is promulgating truth or
falsity. Magazines there are of wide
circulation, whose editors care not
how much they pander to baseness
and evil, so long as they “get by”
with the mails.

For the Michigan Tradesman it can
be said that during the entire forty-
eight years of its existence, it has
maintained a high standard of use-
fulness. It never has bartered its soul
for gain.

It has been careful to give to its
advertisers and subscribers full worth
for their money. The former could
best be served by building up a large
and high-class clientele of the latter.
And for its subscribers, what has the
Tradesman not done?

It has furnished them, week by

A
a
fo}
]
o
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fa
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o
a)

Ella M. Rogers.

us are beginning to realize what the
saints and seers have known all along,
that we need to change our code of
values.

Qf the teachings of Swedenborg,

_that-man who never received popular

recognition but whose writings had a
profound effect on theological thought
of the entire world—of his teachings
one of the most important is his doc-
trine of uses. As a practical applica-
tion of this, he held that a person’s

’ work should be not merely a means

of livelihood, but some activity that in
itself is beneficial to mankind. No one
should follow an occupation injurious
to his fellow beings. Does not this
principle merit universal adoption?
At present many a newspaper class-
ed as a great publication is managed
solely for profit, with no regard to

week, a high-class trade journal, its
columns filled with strictly dependable
advertising and with reading matter
instructive and entertaining. The lat-
ter has been largely articles treating
of storekeeping in its many phases,
articles brief enough for busy men
to read.

To many, beginners especially, the
Tradesman has been an_ invaluable
school of business training. Further,
it has been constantly on the watch
for the dangers and pitfalls into which
swindlers of all kinds are ever ready
to lead the nexperienced and un-
wary.

Moreover, the humblest subscriber, a
merchant in a small village or at a
country crossroad, always could claim
the editor’s personal attention and was
sure to get thoughtfully rendered and

Forty-eighth A nniversary

helpful counsel in his difficulties.

Regarding its subscribers as clients,
the Tradesman unceasingly and fear-
lessly has defended their interests and,
to the full extent of its ability, has
righted their wrongs.

So, looking back on its nearly half
a century, the editor and all those
connected with the Michigan Trades-
man can take great satisfaction in the
well-earned assurance that it has meas-
ured up to a high standard in the noble
service it has rendered.

Ella M. Rogers.
—_—_>-->—__
Human Ailments From _ Excessive
Eating.

There is much publicity on the sub-
ject of diet. But it can truthfully be
said that hundredes of thousands of
words have been written on reducing
compared to the hundreds that have
been penned on over-eating in the first
place. And this, despite the very evi-
dent fact that a reducing dietary is
quite superfluous to those who have
maintained a proper weight by con-
sidering the value and limitations of
food.

The paramount question of will
power is involved in this matter as it is
in every worth while plan or endeavor.
And it must be confessed that a great
deal of it is required to treat food as a
sustaining agent rather than as a sport,
For that reason, literally millions are
daily consuming much more proven-
der than their bodies actually require
and a large number of this foolish class
are shortening their lives in the
process,

Where the food question is con-
cerned, many people are entirely guid-
ed by the principle of “I want it,”
somewhat motivated by the same atti-
tude that prompts children to appro-
priate everything in the food line (or
any other line for that matter) that
comes within reach. However, in this
connection the youngsters can in no
wise be blamed; they do not know
better. On the other hand, adults do.

Eating is one of Nature’s major
physical pleasures. But the end re-
sults of overindulgence are just as
severe as they are in other excesses,
often more so. Capacity eaters no
doubt derive a lot of fun out of the
extra portions of meat, potatoes and
pie, but the fun stops at the palate.
Most assuredly the remainder of the
body does not enjoy it to the same ex-
tent; and that is what causes it even-
tually, if not sooner, to back fire.

Indeed, a person may scrupulously
adhere to all the basic laws of health
except the one of moderate food in-
take, and by this omission destroy all
or more of the good to be derived from
them. The chain, in this instance, be-
ing only as strong as the weakest link.

To handle the personal food prob-
lem properly, one does not need to
turn into a diet crank. The point to
be emphasized is that too much or too
little food is equally bad. A well-
balanced dietary and moderation repre-
sent the keynote; and if in doubt con-
cerning this all-important question, ob-
tain professional advice. One cannot
be too sensible where food is involved.
In fact, it is perfectly safe to say in
this connection: ‘Moressense, longer
life, Dr, Theodore B, Appel.

ms

 

~~ mr

Seer Bn nce Ts TR etter nner eet

nt ee at

———

 

 

 

 

~~ mr

|

nied i ee ee Ia + emcees:
- ° a

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 75

 

 

 

OO OG OT OG OT OT Og Og Ot

j

- A QUARTER CENTURY OF SERVICE
BEHIND THIS STATEMENT

,

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quality and Fair Dealings
Win for You ... and for Us

You started in business convinced that Quality merchandise and fair
dealings would win for you. So did we.

If you have stuck to this conviction, you have learned that Quality
merchandise and Fair dealings do bring business success. We have.

We know, after serving you for over a quarter century, that Quality and
Fairness have built the firmest foundation for customer confidence.

This proven, we propose to carry on these time-tested policies and
continue to make a bread that cannot be matched in Quality, and to
cooperate with you in heaping measure.

Quality and Fair dealings are your pledge to your customers... . They
are our pledge to you.

Muller Bakeries, Incorporated

Largest Independent Bakers in Michigan

HOLSUM HOLSUM HOLSUM CREAMO BUTTER-NUT
GRAND RAPIDS MUSKEGON BATTLECREEK KALAMAZOO JACKSON

    

   
 

THIS DESIEN
IDENTIFIES ALL

OUR PRODUCTS
~ LOOK FOR IT

     

 

  

THE ETERNAL CITY.

Though After All She Has Never

  
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
     
      

, some

 

     
     
     
 

Rome, therefore, &% 2 £m reverence b of Gre.
ques-
nine-

a ee
<i congested ¢ ked

©

buikimges constantly re-

 

ics ata ag te OST

 

 

 

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

‘This green flowery rock-built earth,
e trees, the mountains, rivers, many-
seas—that great deep sea of
wims overhead; the winds
h it; the black cloud
together, now pour-
now hail, now rain: what
: t? At bottom we do
not yet know: we can never know at
hat fire of the black
electricity, and lecture
it, and grind the like

lass and silk: but what
t made it? Whence comes

”
te w
>
- @
Sg
me OG

ed through Edison’s
and experiences, are

bler to guswer Carlyle’s ques-

 

As we think along these
Setter understand, per-
mwa, intelilgent, thinking
ancient times were
homage to the sun,
the impersonal forces
and tides.
we personalize our gods
s set up Jehovah, the
hma, the Chinese, Con-
Egyptians, Isis, so the
omans set up the phe-
orees of nature, Also,
2s all ancient peoples made unto them
selves graven images of their gods,
the Greeks and Romans, but
with a vast advantage over other peo-

 

4

ples m several respects.
ist, they lived in a mild ciimate,

Ther could live out of doors most of

Forly-eighth Anniversary

the time, Their contact with nature
Was, therefore, on the whole kindly
and friendly, Next, they had abund-
ance of white marble, material which
lends itself to carvings more perfectly
than any other, perhaps. Third, as a
rule, they had high regard for both
physical and intellectual life—education
of brain and brawn.

All these factors conspired to enable
them to produce embodiments of
yods and they produced statues sing
and in groups in representation of
every force of nature: Neptune, for
phenomena of the oceans, for instance,
othets for Time, Spring, Summer, Win-
ter; for Scarcity and Plenty; for good

elements to which thanks were due
“43

Now, therefore, we have set the
stage—roughly, indeed—for one of the
most stupendous tragedies of hi
We have a region embracing pe
100,000 square miles every inch o
which—virtually—is covered with the
most beautiful things man has ever
produced. Here are hundreds of thou-
sands of white marble statues, each a
work of supreme artistic ski y
safeguards them from : :
of them their very commonplaceness
safeguards them from injury. For it is
worthy of careful note that the Medi-
terranean peoples of to-day associate
with statuary on nal
intimacy hardly c
of the Northlands
sees workingmen sunning themselves
at midday on the bases of the finest
marbles, leaning against delicately
carved limbs, resting, &
laps of gods and goddesses, yet doing
no damage except

which, as time elapses, becomes a
species of embellishment, a ina”
finish, as one might express it.

he

OQ

 

 

 

  

 

Such was the condition of Rome—
except that I have i
architecture. But su
carvings embelished
the buildings themse
nificent speciments

all arts; also that there

 

no end of such buildings in yi
fourth century of our era—or there-
abouts and immediately thereafter.
There is good reason for vagu
as to dates and times, for lif
students of the records of the dar
ages are unable certainly to trace their
way through what one calls “the im-
penetrable darkness” of those ages.
But this we know: that af i
sacks and pillages, following sieges,
Wars, pestilences and famine, coming
after scores to centuries of years dur-
ing which the Eternal City was vir-
tually obliterated, men returned and
Rome was rebuilt.
Thus:

Chose people, whoever they were

But how?

and wherever they came from, were
in haste, Also they were ignorant of
the background and indifferent to any
value in what they found on th
Here, ready to their vandal hands,

an unlimited supply of mighty handy

 

marble

rich in the ehief element of mertar.

pieces of white Hmestone

So they burned those statues, urns.
vases, pedestals—-tens and hundreds of

thousands ef them—-for the Hme! Of

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

   
    
     
    
  
  
  

 

       
   
   
   
  
  
     

Pe ee EE

 

 

 

Forty-eighth A nniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

ge eye age age :
i al Ot i i i |

77

 

‘We are pleased to

ANNOUNCE

Our new location at Jackson, where
the growth of the business has made
larger quarters necessary.

The building at 307-315 Liberty St.
formerly occupied by the National Grocer
Co., gives us more than double our pre-
vious space.

We want to thank our retail friends
for the patronage that has made this move
necessary

Symons Bros. & Co.

Michigan’s ‘Pioneer’ Wholesale Grocers

Saginaw | Alma

At your service for more than half a century

Jackson .

 

BANKERS
TRUST COMPANY

OF
MUSKEGON

The sound and steady growth of this
institution—the fifteenth Trust Company or-
ganized under the Trust Company laws of
Michigan—is the best measure of its success
and of the high confidence in which it is held.

The Bankers Trust Company of Muske-
gon is prepared to serve both individuals and
corporations in any trust capacity, and it has
the experience, management, and facilities
needed to assure the prompt and efficient

’ handling of any matter entrusted to its care.

The following are but a few of the many
capacities in which it is serving Muskegon and
Western Michigan:

Executor
Administrator
Guardian of Minors and Incompetents

Trustee Under Will

Trustee Under Agreement
for the handling of Real and Personal Property.

Trustee For Life Insurance Proceeds
Property Management
Rent and Contract Collections
Receiver
Trustee in Bankruptcy
Registrar and Transfer Agent

OFFICERS

HENRY E. LANGELAND, Chairman of the Board
HAROLD McB. THURSTON, President
J. G. EMERY, JR., Vice-President
FRANK V. BURROWS, Vice-President
OTTO L. GODFREY, Vice-President and Title Officer
PAUL R. HUGHES, Secretary and Trust Officer
FRANK W. GARBER, Treasurer
J. F. FOSTER, Assistant Treasurer and Auditor
c. E. ALBERTS, Assistant Secretary
J. M. HERMAN, Assistant Secretary
J. H. VAN ANDEL, Assistant Treasurer
WALTER LARSEN, Manager Bond Dept.

DIRECTORS

Raymond R. Beardsley
Jay A. Billinghurst
Harry E. Brown
Frank V. Burrows

G. C. Chaddock

George E. Covell

J. Arthur Dratz

J. G. Emery, Jr.

Dr. F. W. Garber

Paul R. Hughes
Harold McB. Thurston

H. E. Langeland
James L. Gillard
H. E. Langeland, Jr.
E. A. Larsen

Adam Pyle, Jr.

 

 

 

 

78 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Forty-eighth Anniversary ‘e

 

 

that lime they made their mortar and
built Rome anew—literally construct-
ing the new city out of the vitals of
the old.

; Columns, frieses, architraves, bits of
pediment, some of the most massive
capitals, the white marble coverings of
the seats of theatres and facings of
the temple walls—those bits wree gen-
erally saved because they could be
utilized as they were in the reconstruc-
tion. San Lorenzo fuori le Mura,
meaning St. Lawrence without the
Wall, and San Giorgio in Velabro, St.

George in the Swamp—or something |

like that—are two good specimens of
such transferrence of materials from
ancient to modern buildings.

This particular San Lorenzo, which
is one of the six Saint Lawrence
churches in Rome, is an outstanding
specimen. It reaches far back into the
past, being said to have been “rebuilt”
first in 578; and it was certainly entire-
ly remodeled in 1916-27. Its interior
is one of the most fascinating we have
ever seen anywhere. Its nave is an-
cient, with pillars plain, massive and
apparently original because of uniform
design. This portion is black with age.

Beginning at the transept this is a
church of surpassing richness. The
first impression is one of gorgeousness
of conception and execution. Then as
one proceeds into the choir and ex-
amines details, the heterogeneousness
of the thing becomes apparent. There
are pillars and capitals of supreme
beauty, executed by master carvers;
lintels sculptured over their entire sur-
faces; ornaments each of which is a
work of highest art. But all these
materials are different not only in de-
sign, but in shape and size to the ex-
ten that that joints are adjusted at
various points and levels. Two to
four pillars, placed opposite each
other, correspond. So with bits of
lintel. But not more than four pieces
are of one design. Obviously, this
portion of the remodeling was done
with the spoils of ancient temples—
bits of heathenism adapted to use in a
Christian church.

I merely hint the impression of the
interior. One might write a sizable
booklet on the church as a whole, for
its rich beauty and the very charm of
its variety of material would justify
ample description; but my thought is
to convey a conception of one element
of the background of history and
present fact as these are present in
the Rome of to-day.

The other church was founded in the
4th Century, re-erected in 682 and
“subsequently often restored.” Not
nearly so elaborate, intricate or exten-
sive as the San Lorenzo, its columns
are various pilferings from temples or
secular ancient buildings.

We are apt to conclude after some
insight into these facts that the folk
we classify all together under the head
of Vandals embraced Germans, Lom-
bards, Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Huns,
Vandals and—surely most largely of
all—Italians of all regions who called
themselves Christian.

Anyway, what is left of ancient
buildings is what, by great good for-
tune and by what special catastrophe

no man clearly knows, was buried
about thirty-two feet deep in the hol-
low of the original Roman Forum;
plus the inner masonry of the Colos-
seum, the Golden House of Nero, the
Baths of Diocletian and of Caracalla,
bits of the Roman wall used down the
ages for defense, remnants of the ac-
queducts were disguised or restored and
retained for use down to to-day, and
other similar things.

Not until within the last century was
there developed any special apprecia-
tion of or regard or care for ancient
things as historical material, immense-
ly valuable for their own sake. It is
rightly said that nothing but its vast
bulk saved the Colosseum from entire
demolition for its materials, for such
places were universally utilized as
quarries. Michael Angelo himself “did
not hesitate to demolish a Temple of
Vesta (?)” when he came to build St.
Peter’s.

Beginning nearly 100 years ago, ex-
cavations have been continuous in
Pompeii and Paestum and all over
Rome. Under nobody’s direction has
the work progressed more intelligently
or with such meticulous care than under
that of Il Duce right this minute. The
Forum gradually is revealed, likewise

the lesser forum of Augustus. Other
monuments and remains of ancient
times are being uncovered. More,

restorations are being effected which
are masterpieces in themselves. It is
quite probable that in another fifty
years Rome and other Italian districts
will be able to ehxibit to the world of
students and travelers a rather realistic
picture of the life of Italy in early cen-
turies.

But do not get the idea that there
is little to be seen in Rome. I shall
try ot tell more in detail of what we
saw and how it impressed us, but, as
my friend and guide, Frank Schoon-
maker, says: “Rome is no city, but a
world,” and one might spend his life
there in progresive expansion of his
knowledge and acquirement of true
fullness of living.

And: the fact that the Eternal City,
although often ill unto death, has never
actually died; that always she has been
the abode of men, dating back far be-
yond the fable of Romulus; that she
lives to-day with her eyes steadily to-
ward the great Future — this only
lends greater charm, more fascinating
interest to our observation and: study.

Paul Findlay.

——
Postal Economies.

The Post Office Department, faced
with another large deficit at the end
of the fiscal year and looking around
for ways of saving, suggests that the

public could help by mailing letters
earlier in the day. Mr. Coleman, First
Assistant Postmaster General, says
overtime labor necessitated by late
mailing costs the department $3,500,-
000 a year. It is the custom of many
business houses, which they may not
find it convenient to ‘change, to de-
posit mail at the close of office hours.
But doubtless the department will be
able to obtain some measure of co-
operation from the public in its com-
mendable effort to reduce expenses.

 

16 YEARS OF
SUCCESS

Over $8,000,000
Paid in Claims

The Citizens’ Mutual Auto-
mobile Insurance Company
of Howell, Michigan, finish-
ed' sixteen years of success on
August 30. The company
has a state-wide business with
agents, adjusters and attor-
neys in every section to give
service to policyholders.
Among its policyholders are
members of the Supreme
Court, Circuit Judges, law-
yers, bankers, business men
and farmers in all parts of
the state.

There is no other kind of
insurance so important as
automobile insurance especi-
ally with the increased dan-
ger in the fall and winter,
due to rain, snow and slip-
pery roads.

If not insured, see your
local agent or write to the
Secretary,

WM. E. ROBB
Howell, Mich.

 

 

HOTEL
HERMITAGE

European
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

RATES:
Room and Bath $1.50-$2.00

JOHN MORAN, Mgr.

 

 

 

 

Standard Grocer and Milling Co.
Holland, Michigan

Cash & Carry Branches on East 8th St., Holland, and
22 Ottawa Street, Grand Rapids.

Supply Depot for
Independent Grocers Alliance of America

An organization of more than ten thousand Independent
wholesale and retail grocers operating in 38 states.

 

 

This Will Be a
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Christmas .. .

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os

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Towels, Towel Sets, House-
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representative for A. S. Her-
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McCONNELL-
KERR
COMPANY

350 Jefferson Ave., East
DETROIT

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Artificial Cooling of Buildings.

The artificial cooling of homes, offices
and theaters during the warm summer
months is becoming widely used in
various communities. The purpose of
the refrigeration of enclosed’ spaces is
to increase the sense of comfort of
man.

We have had longer experience with
artificially heated rooms during cold
weather. Man has undoubtedly used
the heat given off by fire to warm him-
self and increase his comfort during
cold weather for many hundreds of
years. He probably began by build-
ing a fire in a wind-sheltered place.
Then he used a cave and next a primi-
tive shelter. This shelter was to keep
out wild animals and to keep him dry
during storms of rain and snow. A
hole in the roof allowed smoke to
escape. Doors and windows were few
in number because he sought protec-
tion from the weather andi his enemies.
One door of small size was ideal for
his purpose. Even the old castles of
medieval times were built upon this
principal although protection from hu-
man enemies might have modified the
architecture of the shelter.

The heating stove with its pipe
through the closed roof, the addition
of windows covered with transparent
glass was an advancement in produc-
ing a comfortable abode for man. A
central furnace and piping the heat
throughout the house was a still furth-
er advancement. This introduced new
factors into man’s environment. He
now encountered the problem of ven-
tilation. Such a degree of perfection
in keeping out the outside air and
heating the inside air caused an ac-
cumulation or stagnation of air in the
enclosed spaces occupied by man. A
German scientist, Pettenkoefer, show-
ed almost 100 years ago that the de-
leterious effects of such stagnated air
was not due to the accumulation of
the carbon dioide breathed out by
man and retained in the room. Many
mechanical ventilating systems and
even some elementary text books still
regard carbon dioxide as the principal
toxic agent in poorly ventilated rooms.
Knowledge is indeed very slowly dis-
serninated even in our present age if a
proven scientific fact 100 years old is
still unknown to people interested in
ventilation.

The increase in the moisture and
heat of air in poorly ventilated rooms
is now considered as of major im-
portance in causing headaches, slug-
gishness, stretching, yawning, physical
and mental fatigue of people occupying
such enclosed spaces. Another factor
of equal importance is the lack of mo-
tion in such warm moist air. It forms
a cushion around a persion and in-
terferes with his well being. A fan,
causing air movement will aid in pre-
vention the symptoms of drowsiness
and fatigue.

We are gradually learning that ven-
tilation has something to do with the
health of man. He cannot adapt him-
self within the period of one genera-
tion of time to an entirely new atmos-
pheric world. When he builds an air-
tight house and has a heating unit in-
stalled, controlled by a button to de-

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 79

liver the desired temperature, he is in
reality residing in an incubator. He
creates a new atmosphere within his
home. Many tests have been carried
out by the United States Public Health
Service in Washington to determine
the ideal indoor man-made climate.
This was done by having people per-
form their usual daily functions in
rooms of a given temperature and a
given humidity. Most people work
better and feel best at a room atmos-
pheric temperature of 68 degrees and
the humidity between 50 and 55.

It seems we have successfully sur-
vived after a few years of artificially
incubating ourselves. now we are be-
ginning to refrigerate ourselves. Wher
man changes his environment he in-
fluences his health. Hence the State
Department of Public Health is in-
terested in the experiment the public
is now carrying out upon themselves
by artificially cooling the spaces in
which they reside or seek entertain-
ment. There is little scientific nforma-
tion available in this field. After all it
takes human experience over years of
time to evaluate any environmental
change insofar as it effects the health
and well being of man. At the present
time, refrigeration is most extensively
practiced in places of amusement and
in restaurants. Man does not stay
long in these places. One to three
hours is as long as he subjects himself
to a November temperature on a hot
July or August day. This places cool-
ing of rooms upon a different basis
than our present practice of heating
rooms.

Sudden changes in weather during
the summer time lead to head colds in
many people just as much as_ fall
weather changes. But man has not
yet copied Nature in his artificial ven-
tilation. There are many people ad-
vocating open-window ventilation of
school rooms. This question has not
been settled. It is interesting to note
that health of the pupils in a school is
taken as the measuring stick for the
efficiency of any ventilating system.

Dr. Lloyd Arnold,
State Bacteriologist of Illinois.

—_2> 2 >—____
“Spend More!”

“If you will do your best to be gay,
to go out in the evenings and, general-
ly speaking, to spend more money, it
might help prosperity to turn that cor-
ner that it has just been around,” is
the slightly sardonic advice contained
in one of the recent R. H. Macy &
Co, advertisements, referring mainly to
forms of amusement rather than to
articles of merchandise ordinarily sold
through stores.

The Macy copy points out that
many of the most pretentious theatri-
cal entertainments now in New York
have a top price of $3, and that there
are a number of places where one can
dance, eat and make merry for most
of the night at a flat rate of $10 per
couple where the same amusement
would have cost $30 a year ago. The
point is emphasized that “while orgies
are not advocated, the public is urged
to improve each shining hour of the
night.”

—_2 +>
The question of the hour is, “What
time is it?”

 

 

 

SAME QUALITY—SAME WEIGHTS
—AT FAIR PRICES

There has been no cheapening of the quality
of MUELLER’S PRODUCTS in an effort to meet
a supposed demand for lower priced goods—nor
are we putting out any slack-filled packages.
We think too much of our reputation for quality
and fair values—an asset entirely to valuable to
lose. Furthermore, we do not believe that any
successful business was ever built on a low
quality or ‘‘price’’? merchandise.

You can offer MUELLER MACARONI PROD-
UCTS to your customers with the assurance
that they are guaranteed in every way. They
are made from the highest grade materials, in
a factory that has no superior in cleanliness
and perfect order—and only MUELLER’S ex-
clusive method of manufacture can produce
MUELLER’S Quality.

A few packages of Mueller’s Products dis-
played on your counter will materially increase
your sales of these products as well as other
items used in preparing various Macaroni
recipes.

C. F. MUELLER COMPANY
Jersey City New Jersey

 

#18 8oz.

WUELLERS

 

 

 

 

SHERWOOD HALL CO., LTD.

GRAND RAPIDS
Wholesale Automotive and Radio Supplies

Extending best wishes to the Michigan
Tradesman and its readers and friends.

Established 1865

 

 

 

‘BEST FOODS’
“The Popular Seller”
Nucoa Margarine

LAUG BROS.

108 Scribner Ave., Grand Rapids

 

 

   

 

GOING TO COLLEGE?

If so, you should know the advantages offered by
DAVENPORT-McLACHLAN INSTITUTE. Inten-
sive courses in Business Administration, Higher
Accounting, Secretarial, Shorthand, Stenotypy,
Typewriting, Business English and correspondence
are given by experienced, college trained teachers.
You can save both time and money by preparing
for business at this strong, reliable school. Night
School classes start September 14 and continue
until May 1. <An especially low rate applies this
year for Night School.

It is always a pleasure to send information and to
show visitors through the school. New classes with
individual instruction begin every Monday.

DAVENPORT-McLACHLAN INSTITUTE

EE 7
M. E. Davenport
President

 

 

 

 

 

CLOSER TO THE FOOD SUPPLY

 

Avoid Intense Suffering of Idle in
Crowded Centers.

I think we are all beginning to real-
ize that some new factor is needed: in
our economic life as a Nation. We are
beginning to find that mere drifting
is not enough. We are finding that the
changing play of economic forces as
we know them inevitably leads us to
hardships that take the rank of great
disasters, which affect all of us and
bear most severely. on those who have
worked faithfully and unquestioningly
—people who have depended on the
leadership of the powerful to find them
continuous work.

We are generally agreed to-day that
things are somehow out of balance.
It doesn’t need any deep thinking to
come to that conclusion. The bald
facts are that the natural means for
providing plenty of sustenance for all
are still abundant. We have the re-
sources of soil and other forms of
productivity; we have the knowledge
and we have plenty of trained labor.
Of most commodities necessary to life
and comfortable living we seem even
to have a surpuls. The producers can’t
sell all the goods they would like to
make, nor can they buy the goods they
want to buy.

What is this lack of balance and how
is it caused? The question is one that
must occupy every thoughtful mind
to-day. It stands as a challenge to our
ability to think.

It is a familiar fact to all of us that
this Nation has changed in a relatively
few years from one predominantly
agricultural to one predominantly in-
dustrial. A century ago 75 per cent.
of the population lived on farms and
25 per cent. in the cities.

To-day the figures are almost ex-
actly reversed. There is an explana-
tion, of course. Farm industry has
been converted into factory industry.

But any suggestion that the pendu-
lum has swung too far brings a prompt
rejoinder. It is pointed out that our
farmers now produce more crops than
they can sell to advantage, that farm-
ers only a few weeks ago were being
compelled to let go of their wheat for
less than the actual money they had
put into its production, and that the
situation was the same with respect
to all other crops.

That is true enough, but it is equally
true that the same thing could be said
for many forms of manufacturing, and

it is also true that the carpenter and *

the stonemason and the structural iron
worker and the machinist—all manu-
facturers in the broad sense—are fre-
quently- unable to sell their labor and
their skill, which are their only prod-
ucts, for any price at all.

Let us look one fact in the face. I
do not’ want anyone to think that I
am picturing American agriculture as
being prosperous—the reverse is true.
Nevertheless, when we read’ statistics
that 6,000,000 or 8,00,000 or 10,000,000
Americans are out of work do we stop
to consider where they are out of
work? It is undoubtedly. true that the
overwhelming majority -of these mil-
lions of unemployed are living in the
cities of the country.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

What does unemployment in the city
mean? It means that the whole family
is not only out of work and out of
cash, but is also out of food and is
threatened with losing a roof over
their heads.

That brings about as serious a pic-
ture as we can well imagine—a picture
of human misery.

There are unemployed people in the
agricultural sections of the country,
although they total only a small mi-
nority of the whole of the unempioyea,
and I think it is fair to say that with
certain exceptions most of these peo-
ple in the country are not faced with
actual starvation or actual eviction, In
other words, while their situation is
bad, thoroughly bad, most of them will
in some way get through the winter.

I, therefore, come back to the
thought that while agriculture is in a
thoroughly bad way the actual distress
and starvation and lack of fuel and
lack of clothing exists primarily in the
cities of the Nation. That is where the
great bulk of our millions of unem-
ployed is concentrated,

If we accept the theory that in so far
as our industries are concerned the
present problem is one of distribution
—in other words—of distributing to
the ultimate consumer the products of
industry—then we face the immediate
difficulty that population itself is up
against the problem. of distribution.
In other words, the proper distribution
of the products of industry cannot be
solved until we do something to solve
the proper distribution of the popula-
tion who will use the products.

Let me give a simple illustration.

A farmer ships milk to a great city
200 miles away. He gets 3 cents a
quart for his milk. After it has been
handled by the milk station and refrig-
erated and again handled by the rail-
road and after it gets to the big city
and is trucked first to the central dis-
tributing point and then delivered
either to the home or to the retail
store, the cost of handling plus two or
three profits on the trip make the
mother, the father and three or four
children in the city pay 15 cents a
quart for that same milk.

How many quarts of milk can the
city family afford to buy at that price?
Obviously, very little milk. This in-
ability to buy milk on the part of
families who have jobs is aggravated
by the total inabiilty to buy on the
part of the hundreds of thousands and
even millions of families who are
wholly out of jobs.

Is it not true that if a lot of these
city families lived a great deal closer
to the dairy farmer they could. get
their milk for half what they are com-
pelled to pay now? Is it not also true
that if a lot of these city families lived
nearer the farmer they would consume
a great deal more milk, because the
same amount of cash would buy more
milk?

This situation as to milk applies to
nearly all agricultural products. It is
a fact that the per capita consumption
of farm products in this country has
decreased greatly in recent years. The
market of what the farmer produces
might be very greatly increased if we
could find a way to bring more con-

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

 

NEW LOW PRICES ON

Diamonds — Watches — Jewelry

Prevail at Herkner’s

Our entire stock has been adjusted to
conform with the present market prices
which are the lowest in many years.
This is the time to buy everything you
can possibly afford in Jewelry. Also
match up your silverware which is sure
to advance in price before many months.
Selection packages sent to responsible

patrons on request.

®

J. C. HERKNER JEWELRY CO.

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

 

 

PEERLESS GLOVE. ¥

 

WE MAKE GUN CUT
Leather Palm Gloves
for the jobbing trade.
No seams in back to rip.
No seams in the front

to wear out.

 

Some are _ protected
with tips and patches as
illustrated. Some are
made plain. Our line is
complete from _ the

cheapest to the best.

 

We also make a full
line of Plain Canvas
and Golden

Gloves. Write for cata-

Brown

logue and prices.

   

COMPANY

Grand Haven
Michigan

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

sumers closer to the source of supply.
That is something decidedly worth
thinking about,

That is why in this very brief article
on the undoubted fact that industry
and agriculture are out of balance to-
day I want to propound two simple
questions.

The first is this. Is it worth while
for us to make a definite effort to get
people in large numbers to move out
of cities where there are thousands
and hundreds of thousands of unem-
ployed and bring these people closer
to the actual source of food supply?
It seems to me that to that question
we must answer an emphatic yes.

The second question logically fol-
lows the first: What steps can be
taken? It seems to me that the answer
is this: First we must try to work out
a definite plan by which industry itself
will work to move certain forms of in-
dustry out of the congested centers
where unemployment is greatest into
the smaller communities, closer to the
primary food supply.

At least it is worth while to recog-
nize the fact of the overproduction of
many of our urban centers, and to try
to find some practical means to restore
the balance. Franklin D. Roosevelt,

Governor of New York.
2-2
State Interest in Welfare of Children.

There are many problems affecting
State and local government which de-
mand the most earnest consideration
of public officials. However, I know
of no other branch of public work in
which there is greater satisfaction than
in safeguarding the future of the chil-
dren of Tlkinois.

In its treatment of the problems re-
lating to child welfare, the State fol-
lows the general philosophy that the
question of child care is primarily a
community matter. The principle of
home rule, and a determination to pre-
serve, unimpaired, the integrity of the
family and the individual has shaped
the policy of both public health and
welfare work.

The State has. endeavored to lay
down a broad foundation of child pro-
tective measures. It attempts to fur-
nish the framework of a child welfare
program, but the mechanics by which
the work is 'to be carried on depends
upon the degree of community leader-
ship attained,

In some phases of child welfare
work, the community is too small a
unit to operate efficiently. In such
cases, the State has cheerfully entered
in. the ifield, and assumed tthe obliga-
tion.. For instance, it would be poor
economy to expect each community to
furnish education for the deaf and
blind. Much better results are to be
obtained, and at a lower cost, through
centralization of efforts under State
control. The State is proud of the re-
sults accomplished daily at the institu-
tions devoted to this work.

It is proud, too, of the progress
made in the last two years at the
Illinois Surgical Institute for Crippled
Children, operated in conjunction: with
the Research-and-Educational Hospital
in Chicago. It has inaugurated there,
an educational service to improve the
practice of orthopedic surgery in the
State in order that the benefits of mod-

per cent.

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

ern knowledge may be extended to
every suffering child,

Health work has been accepted in
the State as a requisite to child pro-
tection. ‘Consequently, public thealth
work has revolved around the child as
a center. Extension of the use of pre-
ventive medicine, education in infant
and child hygiene, health instruction
in the schools, supervision over pro-
duction of milk, and insistence on the
purification of water sources, are only
a few of the avenues through which
the State attempts to safeguard the
infant, and those who are in the
ascending scale of years. Results ap-
pear ito justify both the plan and the
effort. Illinois now.loses only six in-
fants, where a few years ago, it lost
nine. Mortality in the first year of
life is now short 4,000 lives a year,
compared to a decade ago,

As the decades have slipped by, we
have observed a growing tendency to
improve the opportunity of the child,
and to save for valuable service to
humanity, many provided with great
latent intellectual ability whose de-
velopment could not come from them.
selves alone. ‘To day we find tthe in-
terest in child welfare general among
our citizens. We find the women’s
clubs, the school clubs and even our
civic clubs each anxious tto learn how
to do more for the under-privileged

child. Louis L, Emmerson,
Governor of Illinois.
—_~+~--___
Adulteration of Oysters Is a Violation
of the Law.

“There is money in oysters, the most
important of the shellfish products,”
says Dr. A. C. Hunter, of the Federal
Food and Drug Administration, in a
statement giving warning of how to
detect adulteration of that succulent
bivalve. “So much money in oysters,
in fact,” says Dr, Hunter, “that some
unscrupulous dealers have made their
customers pay oyster prices for ordin-
ary water. The moisture content of
an oyster averages between 77 and 83
Some dishonest dealers, op-
erating in violation of the National
pure food laws, have deliberately
watered, or ‘fluffed,’ their oysters. This
simply means ‘bloating thebivalves with
water beyond their ordinary moisture
content.

“But the buyer who goes to the
store with a knowledge of oysters will
not be easily fooled. And here is a
practical tip on what to look for when
buying: If the oysters are bled almost
white and bleached, with soft, spongy
flesh of little flavor and with the meat
almost entirely lacking in a salt flavor,
and if, when drained, they show much
thin, water liquor, the chances are 10
to 1 that they have been adulterated
with excessive quantities of water:

“The adulteration of oysters with
water is in violation of the pure food
laws. And so are inaccurate quantity-
of-contents statements printed on the
container. The Food and Drug Ad-
ministration considers it a cheat for
dealers to sell water for the price of
oysters, and the administration takes
legal action against a concern ship-
ping adulterated or misbranded oysters
in interstate commerce.”

‘$< > ~<___

Industrially, the race will be won by
the strong.

81

 

 

 

JOSEPH P. LYNCH, President
Originator of Lynch Sates

If you want to raise money

-~ -treduce your stock - -

or go out of business

eo

Joseph P. Lynch

HUNDREDS of some of the highest class retailers in
America have profited through the remarkable merchan-
dising ability of Mr. Joseph P. Lynch. He has developed
a sales plan which is exceedingly effective for its ability
to turn stocks into cash at practically a normal profit and
with no loss of prestige or good will.

This is a clean, proven plan that will turn your mer-
chandise into a bank account, regardless of business con-
ditions or the local situation in your town. You can put
your inventory in A-| shape—or if you wish to close out
your entire stock at a price which will give you close to
one hundred cents on the dollar, get in touch immediately

with Mr. Joseph P. Lynch.

He is a merchandising wizard who is recognized na-
tionally by some of the most prominent authorities as
being an outstanding figure in the special selling field.

Write or wire at once without obligation for full infor-
mation and details of the Joseph P. Lynch 10-day special
selling plan.

JOSEPH P. LYNCH CO

Peninsular Bldg., 150 Louis St.
GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN

 

 

 

 

 

82
BE IN STRONG POSITION

 

When Business Starts To Reach the
Flood.

While retail management continues
to maintain a cautious attitude with
respect to changes in the general busi-
ness situation which are heralded as
portending a fundamental reversal of
the downward trend, it appears to be
universally conceded that leading store
heads are beginning to evaluate cur-
rent developments with regard to their
influence on merchandising and store
operation after the year-end.

At the moment, of course, efforts
aimed at the development of holiday
trade are paramount. But the fact that
recent trends toward improvement in
the commodity situation have been
backed for the first time by “factual
information” and are not mere
prophecies of the “turning-the-corner”
variety has not been without its effect
in retail circles,

Store executives are keenly interest-
ed in what will follow the recent rise
in wheat, silver, oil and one or two
other basic materials. While admit-
ting that the “statistical position” of
textile fibers, such as cotton, wool,
silk, etc., at the moment is not as
strong as that of wheat, several execu-
tives felt that “sympathetic rises” in
other commodities might be looked for
and were liable to. become a factor in
Spring operations.

A rise in the commodity level would
be welcomed, it was frankly said, al-
though in the initial stages of the up-
ward trend some added hesitancy and
sales resistance on the part of consum-
ers would probably develop. It was
held, however, that because of the
economies which have been put into
effect in store operations a rise of 5
per cent. or so in the general price
level would be reflected in a substan-
tially wider margin of profit than can
now be obtained. Depreciation and
markdowns would be smaller, some
items would move into a higher price
line, promotional emphasis would not
rest so heavily on price and eventually
shopping would be aided by a return
ef customer confidence that prices
would go no lower.

(Considerable skepticism regarding
the basis for the recent commodity
rise was manifest. One well-known
executive, for example, said: “It is my
impression that until now the rises in
wheat, silver, etc., have been almost
entirely speculative, and hence artificial,
A reaction from the high prices set in
during the week. This may be only a
normal setback, but it remains to be
seen whether the current levels or an-
other advance can be maintained
against future onslaughts of selling, If
the level can be maintained, the entire
situation for the first time in two or
more years takes on a radically differ-
ent aspect and one to which retailers
must give careful consideration.

“It js not unreasonable to expect
that before long other commodities
and finished merchandise will tighten
up. Supplies of merchandise in the
hands of either producers or retailers
are small. Excepting for linens and
certain home furnishings, little ad-
vance business has been placed by re-
tailers for post-holiday or Spring sell-
ing. It would take a comparatively

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

small degree of general replenishment
to force quotations up. This process,
however, would be gradual, although
it might well become a major factor
next Fall.”

Aside from the rising commodity as-
pect of the situation, retail executives
have begun also to give attention to
the effect an improving business out-
look would have on store plans for the
near-by future. Enquiry disclosed
quite general agreement that the
soundest plan for retail stores, should
fundamental conditions continue to
gain, would be to continue to follow

the same major methods which most

stores have adopted during the‘ de-
pression,

“In guiding this establishment,” the
president of one store said, “I see no
reason to change the policy of a very
close rein on all operations, cautious
merchandising, expense control and
emphasis on the best obtainable mer-
chandise at medium and _ popular
prices.”

Another retail executive made the
point that the large stores must con-
tinue to work out their ‘‘five-year plan
of expense reduction” whether busi-
ness improves or not. While as much
expense reduction as can be “tem-
porarily achieved” has now been ac-
complished, from a long-range stand-
point much remains to be done, he
said,

“Real expense reduction calls for a
basic revaluation of the whole scheme
of store operation,” this executive con-
tinued. “Better use of space, elimina-
tion of costly processes and so-called
improvements which show no return
on capital invested, stronger control
of markdowns, improved methods of
compensating sales personnel and a
thorough realization by management
that the error of permitting expenses
to rise during better times must be
avoided.”

The necessity for waging a deter-
mined ‘fight to bring departments back
to a profitable basis was cited as the
outstanding endeavor for stores, should
business improve, by another mer-
chant, “We plan,” he said, “to watch
our non-profitable departments very
closely. Although the thought may
be a ‘convention bromide,’ it is never-
theless a stark fact that retailing must
get back to profits from merchandis-
ing,

“The store which is set to do this
when the tide of business is beginning
to turn will obviously be in strong
position when it starts to reach the
flood. We plan to study non-profitable
departments most carefully to see
whether the poor results are due to
faulty merchandising or changes in
consumer demand.”

—_~+++—____
Place of Sugar in American Diet.
(Most of us have heard many com-

ments upon the harmfulness as well as

the harmlessness of eating sweets.

Are we eating too much sugar? The

Illinois State Department of Public

Health views such questions as sugar,

white flour, whole wheat flour and

other controversial subjects in nutri-
tion from a scientific and unbiased
standpoint.

Honey was the first sweet food
eaten by man. Honey is mentioned
in the oldest records of man, Sugar

is of relatively recent origin. The
Chinese and Hindus sent sugar to Eu-
rope some 500 or 600 years ago. Sugar
was obtained from the sugar cane. It
was called honey of the reed for sev-
eral hundred years. All sweets were
compared with honey by the ancient
and medieval folk, Sugar was sold at
drug stores for three or four centuries.
It was expensive and was used only
for medical purposes. Bitter or un-
pleasant tastes were masked by adding
sugar to the medicine.

The starch in cereal grains has been
the principal fuel food source of man
from earliest times. The coal or fuel
for the human furnace has been sup-
plied by eating the starches stored in
grain or seeds of plants. ‘Man_ has
supplemented his cereals with green
leafy and also with tuberous vege-
tables. He obtained some fuel from
these, but mainly he was getting his
vitamin requirements. Along with his
cereal or fuel food was all of the con-
tents of the seeds. There are vitamines
in seeds to supply certain requirements
for the germination. These are in the
oily part of the seed. Present milling
methods take out this oily substance
so as to produce a flour or meal that
will not become musty or change in
taste after storage.

There were 5,500,000 tons of refined
sugar used in the United ‘States in
1926. This figures out at about 110
pounds per person during the year.
One-fifth of the daily fuel food re-
quirement of the American is supplied
with refined sugar. When we stop
and think that this sugar was sold by
the prescription druggist some 250
years ago and weighed out on his
sensitive and delicate scales it seems
amazing now to talk about sugar in
terms of so many million tons.

During a short period of time we in
America have radically altered the
type of our fuel food. ‘Sugar is in
reality refined and crystallized starch.
Fundamentally we are still burning the
same kind of fuel, but we have changed
it by chemical and physical methods
to a new and artificial or man-made
type of food. The taste has been
changed. We are a sweet-eating na-
tion, I can well remember that dur-
ing my boyhood days in a rural com-
munity in the Southern part of Illinois,
white or granulated sugar was rarely
seen; we used honey for sweetening
coffee, for cooking, and brown sugar
was put on the table on ‘Sunday when
the circuit-riding elder dropped in for
dinner.

“Are we eating too much sugar?”
The next generation of public health
specialists will answer this for us, We
are in the midst of one of the greatest
and most extensive experiments ever
carried on in nutrition in the history
of man. A research laboratory with
its rats, mice, rabbits, guinea pigs and
monkeys becomes a microscopic cen-
ter of experiments in diets as com-
pared to this country’s growing,
struggling, and moving population of
teeming millions. My great regret is
that I will not be able to sit in and
evaluate the final experimental evi-
dence that will answer the question we
have brought up.

At present we have no evidence to
prove that we are eating too much
sugar. We have not been eating sugar

Forty-eighth Anniversary

as a food long enough to find out if
it is detrimental to health. The Ameri-
can has changed too many things to
know the influence of any one upon his
health. ‘He has refined his wheat and
corn, he has substituted one-fifth of
his starch and fat diet with refined
sugar. He works in crowded factories
and offices, lives in incubated homes,
he seeks excitement instead of relaxa-
tion, All of these and many other
things have been changed and are be-
ing constantly changed day iby day.
How can a student of the science of
public health say that we eat too much
sugar? How can he condemn white
flour as unhealthful?

Starches are fermented, in the
ailmentary tract of man, to sugar.
Each starch granule contains many
sugar molecules. Digestion takes
place slowly. When we eat starch we
have a gradual liberation of sugars
during digestion and consequently a
slow and prolonged absorption. When
we eat refined sugar we are placing in
the stomach and intestine a purified
substance that requires little fermenta-
tion before absorption. We, therefore,
shorten the period of absorption of
sugars, by previously refining it. No
scientific evidence has been brought
out to show that rapid absorption of
sugar is harmful.

‘The increase in the incidence of
diabetes and the increase in sugar con-
sumption have been associated to-
gether by some authorities. Such a
correlation can easily be understood.
The diabetic person cannot handle
sugar, there is a disturbance in sugar
metabolism, ‘But it remains to be
proven that there is a direct relation-
ship ‘between sugar eaters and dia-
betics, Mills has recently called atten-
tion to climatic and racial influences
independent of sugar consumption as
important factors in diabetes.

‘We cannot consider any one com-
ponent food without looking at the
diet as a whole. ‘Too much sugar is
harmful. A diet must be balanced.

Dr. Lloyd Arnold.

—_+++—__
Lighter Weight Box To Cut Shipping
Expense.

Consideration was given to types of
containers used in the garment and
dress trades for shipping merchandise
to retail stores at this week’s joint
meeting of the executives representing
manufacturing and retail organizations
in the garment industry. ‘The meeting
was instigated at the suggestion of the
Garment Retailers of ‘America, and the
National Retail Dry Goods Association
for the purpose of considering the
practicability of using a lighter weight
container in the shipment of merchan-
dise from manufacturers to retail
stores,

Consideration was given to several
new containers now on the market
which, while providing the same or in-
creased durability of construction, are
considerably lighter in weight than the
common type of container in use dur-
ing past years.

It was pointed out that enquiries
have already been received by retail
organizations from their member stores
regarding the use of lighter weight
containers as a means of substantially
reducing transportation charges which
stores now pay on such merchandise
shipments.

 

 

\
|

 

 

se

 

 

,

 

iy

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Display Beech-Nut Foods

 

they bring new customers

into YOUR

To be prosperous, a grocer must continually
attract new customers into his store. New families
are always moving into a neighborhood; old fami-
lies moving out.

A weekly display of a selection of Beech-Nut
Foods in your window will bring in newcomers
and also keep your old customers assured of the
high quality of your stock. For the familiar Beech-
Nut label is the hall mark of quality to the majority

STORE

 

 

of women. It will pay you twice over to do this—
once in direct profits on Beech Nut sales and again
in new trade.

Always display price tags with Beech-Nut
products. Many people do not realize that Beech-
Nut Quality Foods are moderately priced—that
they actually cost no more than ordinary foods!
Beech-Nut Cream Crackers at 15c, Beech-Nut
Tomato Juice Cocktail at 19c—are valuable eye-
openers!

 

Beech-Nut

FOODS OF FINEST FLAVOR

Tomato Juice Cocktail Coffee
Marmalade Jellies

Cream Crackers

Chili Sauce Catsup

 

 

Peanut Butter

 

  

84
CANNED GOODS CONDITIONS.

 

Analysis of Situation By Expert

Canner.

The assignment given me by Mr.
Stowe this year is a large order and
I would be more than presumptuous
should I endeavor to convey the im-
pression that I know what the Amer-

ican public is going to eat the coming |

six months. To do so would merely
be an emulation of our dark friend
“Andy,” when he sits back with his
thumbs in the armholes of his vest,
with his feet on his desk and in his
sagacious manner explains the “sitchy-
a-shun”. However, it might be said
that this year is just like every other
because it is different.

In normal times, we would merely
ask ourselves the question as to how
the various items in the canned foods
line are ‘balanced as to supply and de-
mand. At this time, however, we must
consider many other factors such as
the curtailed buying power of. the large
masses who are the volume buyers of
canned foods. We must take into ac-
count the unusual amount of home
canning, the amount of which we can
only judge by the unprecedented sale
of Mason jars in all sections of the
United States. We must also take
into consideration the mild fall and the
amount of so-called “fresh” foods used
in the average home this fall, which
have taken the place of much canned
food during the time we might have
had reason ‘to expect more severe
weather. We should consider the
amount of financial pressure’ the
primary holders — the canners — can
withstand in these times before they
will let loose of their stocks:

As to the supply of the various
items in the staple canned foods, corn
seems to be the only item which looks
a bit off balance. Corn was a very
light yield in Michigan this season,

but in many of the larger producing

sections, the yield exceeded most ex-
pectations. Corn has been selling at
such low prices that it has drawn the
attention of the big distributors and
its sale is being featured. That means
that it should be consumed at a more
rapid rate than normally.

The pea ‘acreage was large this
spring and everything pointed to an
unusual yield berore the pack started.
However, the blistering hot weather
came along, together with ideal con-
ditions for the pea lice or aphids. The
late peas or sweet varieties were cut
very short and peas would seems to
be in a statistically strong position.
The market on peas at the present
time is not as strong as statistics would
indicate, however.

Tomatoes are reported short in the
East, but Indiana had a good pack.
It is possible that the home canning
may have some effect on the movement
of tomatoes, as it is an item the house-
wife can process. Peas, corn and string
beans require high temperatures and
few home kitchens have the equipment
for processing these items properly.

The string bean pack would seem
to be in proper balance, but the con-
sumption of this item has been hurt
to some extent by the shipments of

“MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

“fresh” beans. The movement in this
pack has not been active, but snappy
weather may start it at any time.
California peaches appear to be in
excellent position due to the control

of the amount of the pack by the vari- .

ous interests: Not only were growers
paid for allowing their fruit to remain
unpicked, but were paid an increased
sum if they would uproot the trees:
The pack was held below the figure
set, but along came the pineapple in-
terests and made such drastic reduc-
tions in price that canned peaches have
a real competitor in canned pineapple.

The economic situation in this coun-
try at the present time would naturally
more seriously affect the movement of
the fancier grades and higher priced

 

country and has reached-such a point
in efficiency that the housewife can
no longer be a serious competitor.
When the housewife compares her
costs for the packing of her home-
canned goods the past summer with
the prices at which~ she can procure
better quality canned foods at the
corner grocery this winter, she will
certainly -decide that she might better
have. spent her time and. energy on
some other features of the home. The
housewife has only of late years ad-
mitted the wholesomeness of commer-
cially canned foods. Her 1931 experi-
ment in the attempt to match the econ-
omy of the present day mass produc-
tion and ingenious machinery accom-
panied by highly efficient distribution

Harold K. Royal

items in all commodities. - The average
housewife is scanning the price tag
and the word “thrift” has come to be
a popular word. -

Those interested in the canned foods
trade have given more or less thought
to the effect of home canning as prac-
ticed this summer. There is no doubt
but that it has had and will have some
effect for this season. Many are ask-
ing the question “What has the future
in store as regards home canning and
its effect upon the commercial canning
trade?” The commercial  canners
answer that by pointing to the high
level they have reached, both as to
quality of product and economy of
price. The canning of foods has de-
veloped into a great industry in this

will have but one result and that is,
to depend more and more upon the
commercial canner for her canned
food. Nevertheless, the food canned
in the homes this past summer will be
consumed and it will supplant some
of the food now in canners’ ware-
houses.

Prices on practically the entire line
of canned foods have now reached a
point below the cost of production.
Can pricés have not been materially
reduced and indications do not point
to any drastic cut for the season of

1932. The general sagging of prices.

has been almost continuous for two
years and, of course, has been largely
due to financial pressure. The National
Canners Association has started a very

Forty-eighth Anniversary

comprehensive advertising campaign
which is certain to have its effect on
the movement of commercially canned
food.

Commodity and security prices ap-
pear to be as much below intrinsic
values now as they were above these
values in 1929. Canned food prices
at the present time appear to many as
having swung too low. The future of
canned food prices is not expected to
be without any setbacks but the gen-
eral outlook is better now than at any
time during the past two years.

Harold K. Royal.
—_+++—___—
Save Christmas,

The advisability of stressing “the
economic necessity of Christmas giv-
ing” is emphasized by the National
Retail Dry Goods Association in a let-
ter to member stores over the signa-
ture of (Channing E. Sweitzer, man-
aging director, in which the statement
is made:

“During the next few weeks the
country’s interest will be focused on
the Emergency Relief Campaign, but
merchants must not lose sight of the
economic necessity for maintaining the
spirit of Christmas giving and the Na-
tional iRetail Dry Goods Association
proposes to give the fullest possible
publicity to this necessity.

“Figures show that retail business
in the four weeks before Christmas,
1931, may be expected to reach $5,000,-
000,000, of which $2,6000,000,000 should
‘be obtained in department stores, ap-
parel stores, homefurnishing stores,
jewelry stores and others affected by
‘Christmas shopping. All of 600,000
people would be added to the staff of
retail stores to take care of this in-
creased business, not to mention the
thousands required to handle the extra
freight, mail and express involved.
The extra compensation paid for the
Christmas season by retail stores is
estimated at $45,000,000 and ‘Christmas
‘buying will thus be shown to have a
definite place in the business structure
and the continuance of the gift-giving
custom will be properly called a dis-
tinct aid for the relief of the present
conditions of the unemployed.”

—_>~++—____
Not Indian Summer.

Somehow the impression has got
about that the warm weather we have
have been treated to this fall is an-
other phase of Indian summer. Noth-
ing could be a baser canard. Indian
summer is that period of the American
autumn when the skies are clear, the
air is balmy by day and chilly by night.
A faint haze hovers in the distance,
becomes light mist in the valleys at

dask and dawn. Its dates are not set:

by. the calendar. Sometimes it comes
in October, sometimes in November,
occasionally in December. Whenever
it comes it is as pleasantly inspiring
as the first real days of spring. Last
week was a good example of Indian
summer weather. But to term as In-
dian summer such murky weather as
has engulfed the Middle West this
past month is no less than insult. It
is late autumn in a fog of indecision
and a smudgy fog at that; it is No-
vember, wondering whether to turn
summery or wintry; it is unpleasant,
depressing weather, and nothing less.

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a

 

     
   
     
         
   
 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

   

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

 

Your F umace ~"- b.
Krom
YOUR EASY CHAIR!

No more cold morning trips to the basement, no more
hauling of ashes, filling of tanks, no more roarings and
odors and dust and dirt. Just set the thermostat and
you re set for the winter.

 

 

And whatever you may have been led to believe, GAS
HOME HEATING is really well within your means.

Make this gift of comfort and convenience your Christmas
present to the family. Act now before the worst of
winter sets in.

Your present heating plant may convert to a good gas |
furnace. Why not install our new, dependable, efficient,
labor-saving

Quiet Gas Burner

Low in Price, Simple and Satisfactory

 

IT WOULD GIVE US PLEASURE TO
TALK THIS MATTER OVER WITH YOU.

Call 8-1331 — Ask for Heating Department

as Company

47 DIVISION AVE., N.

 

 

 

86

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Forty-eighth Anniversary

 

How They Lived To Live One Hun-
dred Years.

Long life is desirable, although many
hope to be spared an old age of in-
activity, decriptitude, helplessness,
pain or misery. We have known peo-
ple who had passed their eightieth,
eighty-fifth or even ninetieth annivers-
ary who seemed to enjoy life. They
were not crabbed, fretful or disagree-
able.

The first requisite for long life is to
be a descendant of a family noted for
longevity. One whose ancestors in-
variably passed away at less than
seventy years of age cannot expect to
become a centenarian,

The next matter of consequence is
conditions which surround childhood
and youth. To tell how to live to
reach one hundred years, it is neces-
sary to know much about the lives of
those who have reached that age. A
little may be learned from those now
living who are approaching that age;
something from parents and grand-
parents who pass on the traditions of
their elders. These sources are avail-
able to a comparatively few. For the
most part we must turn to history—
to books, papers, letters in libraries—
public and private. He who wishes to
investigate along this line should seek
these records.

One hundred years ago the houses
in this country were heated by fire-
places instead of stoves and furnaces.
The kitchens and living rooms were
large, and the same room afforded
varying degrees of temperature suited
to the old, middle-aged or young. To-
day in furnace heated houses, if the
rooms are warm enough for old peo-
ple, the others must suffer with heat.
Overheated, unventilated houses are
one great source of pneumonia.

People had coughs, colds and the
usual run of childhood ailments and
communicable diseases, but the mother
or grandmother was usually equal to
the occasion with remedies prepared
from herbs, barks, roots, seeds, along
with oils, honey, molasses, vinegar and
other home grown ingredients. The
use of drugs and patent medicines did
not prevail. Babies thrived and grew
without a chart and schedule adapted
to the first weeks, months and years
of life, wherein the menus are planned
with scientific accuracy and comprise
a wide variety of foods, many of which
it would have been impossible to secure
in those days, such as oranges, grape-
fruit, commercial breakfast foods, ex-
‘tract of beef, etc.

In the days of our grandparents
there was plenty of meat in the family
ration. Pork was on hand the year
round; beef and mutton were used oc-
casionally; poultry was raised for
home consumption, game abounded—
animals, birds, ‘fish.

As all the cooking was done at the
fireplaces and kettles were largely
used, more meat was boiled than now.
And there were steamed puddings and
dumplings; more boiled dinners com-
posed of meat and a variety of vege-
tables. Potatoes could *be baked in
ashes; but there were brick ovens for
bread, pies, etc. Fresh baked bread
was eaten warm; hot biscuits were al-
ways preferred. Wheat flour bread
was supplemented by a large use of
corn meal, buckwheat flour and even

middlings. Mince pies and fried cakes
were not tabooed as indigestible, for
the people were strong and active and
hard work induced good appatites.

Children ate what was placed before
them and were not allowed to lunch
between meals and spoil their appe-
tities. The younger ones were put to
bed early, so they were up and ready
to eat breakfast with the rest. There
were no relays of late arrivals at break-
fast; all ate at the same time. The
mother and daughters promptly clear-
ed the table, washed and put away the
dishes and went on with other work,
for there was much to do from morn-
ing to night the year round. The wo-
men folk had their sewing, knitting,
mending and darning for evenings, and
many times the men and boys had
work to do in cellar, granary, shop or
elsewhere by lantern light.

Their clothing was warm and usual-
ly sufficient. Of course, there were
poor people who suffered lack in many
ways, but they dressed for comfort and
not for style,

‘The occasional social events or eve-
ning meetings were not a constant in-
terference with regular hours of sleep,
as we have to-day. The evening visits
with neighbors were enjoyable and
probably more profitable than socials
to-day.

People generally had worth while
purposes in life which necessitated
habits of economy and saving by
young people, so they escaped waste-
ful habits.

Oh, yes, men smoked tobacco—some
but not all. Between working hours
they may have used two or three pipe-
fuls a day and that ended it. To-day
men can be trailed by the matches
they use. Tobacco shortens the lives
of many. The pipe, cigar or cigarette
is put aside just long enough to eat
their meals. They work with only
half their minds on their work—dazed,
sleepy, dull.

To sum up the requirements for long
life: Inherited tendency, wise and
healthy parents, abundant wholesome
food, plenty of sleep, plenty of activity
in outdoor work, comfortable clothing,
care for a healthy purpose in life,
trained to good habits, friendship and
affection for kindred, which go with
unselfishness.

With all the hospitals, physicians,
surgeons, nurses, free clinics, super-
vision and inspection of school chil-
dren, legal regulations, quarantines,
free information on health matters,
better babies contests, scientific care
and adequate nutrition for children—
all the helpful and desirable factors
which tend to better health, lessen
disease, longer life, there still seems to
be adverse conditions which offset the
gains. Just a few may be mentioned.

Lack or loss of parental control
which results in the child deciding on
its course or conduct while yet un-
instructed or ignorant, unguided, un-
restrained. Idleness—not trained to
work; interest in doing worth while

things never awakened, selfishness
controls (a course of life is entered on
which does not conduce to _ health)
wrongful use of Sunday. ‘The “Sab-

bath was made for man,” for his good,
his benefit, his upbuilding—morally
and physically. It is now used for his
undoing and in ways which interfere

 

Why Sacrifice
Profits?

It is not necessary when you stock and
sell well-known merchandise on which
the price has been established through

years of consistent advertising.

In showing the price plainly on the

package and in advertising

Baking
Powder

Same price for over 4Q) years

25 oman 25

(more than a pound and a half for a quarter)

we have established the price—created

a demand and insured your profits.

You can guarantee every can to give
perfect satisfaction and agree to refund
the full purchase price in which we will

protect you.

Millions of Pounds Used by Our
Government

 

 

 

 

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

87

 

with the rights, peace and safety of
law-abiding citizens. Never was there
such a craze for excitement and amuse-
ment, never such waste and extrava-
gance and never so many opportuni-
ties to partake in activities which are

harmful, never so many perils of
death.

If there shall be found centenarians
in the year 2000 A. D., they will prob-
ably have grown up in places remote
and apart from the general conditions
of to-day. E. E. Whitney.

—__-¢—__.
Pin-Making Trade Keeps Many Busy.

“For two pins” is a threat often
used in not too serious argument, al-
though pins are universally useful.
How are forefathers, and our fore-
mothers, managed before pins were
invented presents a nice little problem
for any one with spare time in which
to ruminate. In one form or another,
pins for fastening portions of fabric
together are of the highest antiquity,
says the editor of the magazine issued
monthly by the Great Western Rail-
way of England in a recent article.
It seems the earliest form of pin was
a natural thorn. Possibly Eve, after
the fall (when we read that the earth
bore thorns and thistles), was the first
to use a thorn for this purpose. His-
tory relates, however, that so recently
as four hundred years ago pins made
from “the prickles of thorns, curiously
scraped, trimmed and dried,’ did
service with “the poor woman in
Wales.”

Metal pins were first made in Eng-
land in 1543, supplies being previous-
ly received from France. In 1626 the
manufacture of pins was introduced
into ‘Gloucestershire by one John
Tilsby, and his venture prospered so
well that he was soon able to give em-
ployment to 1,500 persons, and Stroud
pins, manufactured in a town of that
name, attained a high reputation. In
those days, pins were not the same
kind of articles as they are to-day. An
act of Parliament passed in 1543 en-
acted that “no person shall put to sale
any pinnes but only such as shall be
double-headed and have the heads
soldered fast to the shank well shapen,
the points well rounded filed and
sharpened.”

The old form of pin consisted of a
shank with a separate head—a fine
wire twisted round and secured to it.
The fine wire was given two complete
turns around the shank—hence the de-
scription “double-headed.”

A recent visit to the pin factory of
Critchley Brothers, near ‘Stroud, in
England, revealed that a water wheel
drives a steam engine and that a
dynamo supplies the lighting. The
pins are made in a long room which
is crammed with rows and rows of
marvelous machinees, and a sea of
whirling wheels. Each of the hundred
separate pin-making machines was do-
ing its job without any human attend-
ance, beyond supervision, ravenously
feeding itself from a roll of wire and
pouring it out, a yard further on, in the
form of headed and pointed pins.

‘An obliging mechanic disconnected
one of the machinees from the endless
belt that worked it, and turned the
driving wheel very slowly to illustrate
what happened to the wire in its

progress from the coil to the outlet.
From the coil the wire is led into the
machine through a little row of up-
right pegs to straighten it. Then a
tongue runs to meet the wire, takes
hold of a pin’s length, plus a tiny bit
more, and pushes it through a tube
the hole of which is just large enough
to let the wire through.

This tube is the length of a pin, and
the little extra length of wire—about
one-twenty-fourth of an inch—comes
out beyond the edge of the tube, where
a punch with a round die at the end
strikes it, making the beginning of the
head. The tongs then draw the wire
another one-twenty-fourth of an inch
and this length again protrudes be-
yond the tube. The punch gives it
another blow, and the head becomes
larger. Again the tongs draw the wire
one-twenty-fourth of an inch, and
again the punch strikes it, completing
the formation of the head of the pin.

When this has been done, a sharp
blade cuts off the headed pin’s length
of wire, which falls into a slot which
is sufficiently narrow to hold it by the
head, the shank having gone through.
By gravity this half-made pin slides
down the side of the machine to the
front, where, still hanging by its head
in a slot, a metal bar moves it hori-
zontally along the front and makes it
turn round and round in its course.
Beneath the slot, and parallel with it,
is a rapidly revolving emery cylinder
upon which the lower end of the head-
ed wire rests lightly, thereby becoming
sharpened to a fine point.

Each of these machines turns out
pins at an average rate of 175 per
minute, and is adjustable to the mak-
ing of pins of varying length, as re-
quired,

>>
The Bluer Blues.

I’ve got the blues

My God! I’m blue!

And you, and you, and you!
And I refuse—

Why what’s the use—

To try, enthuse.

This too is true

God knows I’m blue

And you, and you, and you!

Pussy’s in the well!

How sad! How sad!

That such mishap she had!
She might as well

Have been in—

Well who can tell!

Or just how bad

And sad, and sad

Without Jack Sprout—a lad

A sky was blue
A violet too
Far more than you—or you.
Snows long had gone
Suns brighter shone
Glad cheer was on
All hopes came true
In bluer blue
And Spring anew.
Charles A. Heath.

—+++—_
Publicity’s Queen.

From a shy, nodding-violet dread of
headlines and shill newsboy crying,
To her wedding in airplane she sped,
The nuptial knot then swiftly tying.

Wasn’t this just a sly little joke
Of the lady with Titian hair,
Who every power doth invoke,
To stand in the imelight’s fierce
glare?

A living publicity ad,
A super show woman is she,

With her manner magnetic and glad,
She out-Barnums old Barnum P. T

She outdoes her Kennedy ma

In glitter and glamour a dazzle;
And as to her ‘‘Whatman”’

She has him licked all a a frazzle.

Publicity seekers from near and from
far
May try as they will—all the samee,
When it comes to the test, even each
movie star
Has just gotta hand it to Aimee.
Ella M. Rogers.

 

 

CALL US

WE SAVE YOU 25%
TO 40% ON YOUR
INSURANCE
COST

GOL

THE MILL MUTUALS AGENCY

208 NORTH CAPITOL AVENUE
LANSING, MICHIGAN
Phone 20741

 

 

 

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88

ELEVEN CHARTER MEMBERS.

 

Merchants Who Started With First

Issue of Tradesman.

The Tradesman possesses a most
distinguished roll of honor, of which
it is exceedingly proud. It comprises
the names of business men who have
been on the subscription list of the
Michigan Tradesman ever since the
first issue, forty-eight years ago. The
Tradesman very much doubts whether
any other trade publication in the
world can present such a collection of
faithful followers as the following:

Amberg & Murphy, Battle Creek

Frederick C. Beard, Grand Rapids

FF. H. Bitely, Lawton

E. S. Botsford, Grand Rapids

William J. Clarke, Harbor Springs

O. P. DeWitt, St. Johns

J. L. Norris & Son, Casnovia

Charles G. Phelps, Alma

Thompson & Co., Newaygo

M. V. Wilson, Sand Lake

O. A. Wolbrink & Sons, Ganges

Seven years ago there were twenty
on this list.. In the meantime five
have died, as follows:

Chas. H. Coy, Alden

Richard D. McNaughton, Fruitport

Chas. E. Belknap, Grand Rapids

H. P. Nevins, Six Lakes

L. M. Wolf, Hudsonville

Four have retired from business, as
follows:

Walsh Drug Co., Holland

Wisler & Co., Mancelona

Milo Bolender, Sparta

D. Gale, Grand Haven.

—_22>__
Abilities Fundamental To Success of
Millinery Saleswomen.

Just what are the abilities that dis-
tinguish one who is adept in the retail
selling of millinery?

Imagine, please, in a large store, the
millinery department, fully stocked
with well-selected lines, fashionable
and correct in design, material, and
workmanship, Imagine also, in a near-
by store quite similar to the first, a
millinery department very much like
the other in stock, pricing, and equip-
ment.

A woman, wanting a hat and ready
to buy, visits one of these places. Find-
ing there nothing to her liking she goes
to the competing store. In the first
her case is handed by an energetic
young woman, nervously anxious to
sell, but crude and inept.

In the second she falls into the hands
of a skillful saleswoman. Agreeing
with her prospect that the latter, while
not lacking her full share of good looks,
simply cannot wear the Eugenie hats
so much in vogue, and with which the
first saleswoman ‘has industriously plied
her, this master of her craft brings out
for inspection just a few carefully
chosen models.

While all these are becoming, there
is one among them that obviously is
milady’s own hat, seemingly designed
especially for her, one that accentuates
her good points and minimizes her de-
fects. Entirely pleased and satisfied,
the woman quickly writes her check,
eager to gain absolute ownership of
her prize.

Now it happens that the other. store

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

had identically this same hat in stock.
Such being the case, why did the one
saleswoman let this customer slip
through her fingers, while the other
easily added this lady’s purchase to her
day’s sales?

So much of psychology is involved in
this question that a complete answer
would be long and abstruse.: Here it is
better to make reply by briefly tabulat-
ing the main indispensables to success
in selling women’s hats.

Know your stock. If only ready-to-
wears are handled, it is clear you can’t
sell a hat you don’t have It is equally
true that you’re not likely to sell a hat
you don’t know where to lay your
hands on when you need to show it.

Become thoroughly convinced of the
supreme importance of a hat that is
right for the wearer and the occasion,
in the make-up of a correct and stylish
costume. Even the shoes rank second
to the hat, while the gown may be
commonplace or even a bit worn, and
be far less disastrous to the effect of
good-dressing than hat or footwear
that is shabby or wrong in any way.

Acquire taste and judgment in regard
to headwear. Get on the way to being
an authority as to what is becoming
and suitable. At the same time learn
a’ wise restraint that will prevent your
urging your opinion, unasked-for and
unwanted.

Learn to make a swift and accurate
sizing up of every prospect, not only
as to what style of hat is best suited
to her particular type, but as to the
lady’s tastes, preferences, financial abil-
ity and willingness to spend, and as to
whether she will want “to run the
whole show” herself, listening to no
word of suggestion, or is a clinging
vine who can’t make a decision without
help.

But never be guilty of the error of
bestowing on a customer even a glance
that can be felt as appraising. When
you run milady “through Bradstreet,”
keep the process strictly in the back
of your own head, with no interruption
of the heedful attention you are giving
to all she has to say.

Some saleswomen have this sizing-
up power, as also some of the other
indispensables mentioned, by natural
gift. With such it is a Heaven-bestow-
ed sixth sense. With most, however, it
must be cultivated. i

In whatever way acquired, it is a
mighty aid to efficiency in the applica-
tion of time and effort. It prevents the
mistake of showing only high-priced
goods to the woman who must count
her pennies, and is curbing her luxuri-
ous desires so as to get something that
will answer, among the hats selling at
$2.89. It will enable you to avoid the
equally serious error of showing only
low-priced hats to the woman who is
accustomed to paying good money for
chic and becomingness. It will help
you. to make a judicious selection of
models for any case, so you will not
tire the possible purchaser by having
her try on a large number of hats, most
of which are impossible for her use.

There are shops and shops where
millinery is sold. There is the place
with a French name and a Madame
with a presence who presides over it.

Here wealthy women, conservative in
ideas, have their hats made to order.
But many beautiful ready-to-wear crea-
tions are all the time kept in stock.
Moreover, the plate glass of the win-
dows and showcases is so highly pol-
ished, and all is so smart and nifty that
it seem that every hat coming from
that place must radiate style as long as
it holds together.

And the saleswomen! So neat, so
tastefully attired, so light of touch, so
gentle and tactful in manner, that it is
a pleasure to be served by them.

At the other extreme is the cafeteria-
style place, where a large basement is
filled with tables, on each of which
hats of the same price are grouped, and
where the customer who prefers, can
wait on herself entirely, merely going
to a sales girl to pay for her purchase.
Always there is a No. 3 or No. 4 or
No. 17 near by with her polite “Can
I help out?” if the shopper needs any
assistance.

Some of these bright little beginners
have shrewdly taken the cue from the
millinery saleswoman higher up. They
are so clean and dainty in person, and
dress so plainly and tastefully that their
close presence, which of course is nec-
essary when they assist in making se-
lection and in trying on, could not be
objectionable to the most fastidious
customer.

The wise saleswoman will vary her
methods somewhat to suit the place
she is in, but whether she works in the
French shop or the bargain basement
or in any place between, she will find
the abilities here sketched fundamental
to her success and advancement.

Ella M. Rogers.

—_+-+—___

Dead Man’s Bend on Black River.
A beautiful warm day in November,
just like a summer day; a soft warm
breeze from the South, just enough
to stir the remaining leaves on the
trees. The trees I speak of are oaks,
retaining their full foliage of rich
golden brown, and in contrast to these
are the pines, which also refuse to
part with their deep velvety shining
needles. The contrast in these colors
is decided, but the harmony and blend-
ing is extremely pleasing; more espec-
ially when viewed from the pinnacle,
“Dead Man’s Bend.” What a weird
name and why is the place given such
a spookish title? Thereby hangs a tale
and it is a true story. The place is on
a very high elevation overlooking
Black River, that picturesque, winding
stream, bending and twisting like .a
huge ribbon in and out among the
trees away down many, many thou-
sand feet below. The spot is marked
by a single mound of earth, a grave, the
resting place of a one-time river-driver.
You must know that Black River has
a history; it has floated logs for miles
and miles from its branches and tribu-
taries from its very source. As it
reaches the lower regions on its way
to the lake it is of considerable size;
the bends are numerous and the banks
on either side tower many feet above.
During the earlier lumbering days mil-
lions of pine logs floated down Black
River like a solid mass of moving,
jamming, restless material. These log
drives required skilled help to assist

 

Forty-eighth Anniversary

in breaking the jams on the narrows
or around the bends in the river. The
log drivers ran the logs with their
“spiked” boots known as “calks,” to
prevent slipping. But the occupation
was a hazardous one. The camps usu-
ally moved down the river with the
drive, while another camp brought
down the “rear”. The men worked in
the cold icy stream for hours and slept
in their wet clothing, not having suf-
ficient time to become dry from one
day to another. ‘“Dead Man’s Bend”
marks the spot of a tragedy. Some
forty or more years ago during one of
these big log drives a man, not known
to his companions, not even his name,
being a new comer, lost his life be-
neath the logs in a jam in the wilder-
ness of the Black River region. He
was buried near the spot with a hastily
formed cross marking the spot hewed
from rough wood and awaiting, per-
haps, when identification might become
complete. But the time never came.
And each year thereafter when the an-
nual drive reached this sacred spot,
the river drivers would stop and im-
prove this one-man cemetery by re-
newing the mound and _ eventually
building a little picket fence, thus en-
closing the grave. But log-driving has
long since gone into the discard. The
kind hearted men who mourned their
unfortunate companion and revered his
memory travel that way no more. The
fence and cross marking the spot have
long since disappeared and the grave
is hard to find. Second growth timber
has replaced the tall pines. But the
same river with its high banks, its
younger generation of beautiful pines,
now of considerable size, is a place of
beauty and each year becoming more
so.

Visit the spot and offer up a silent
prayer in memory of this one soldier
of the woods who gave his life in a
battle of the elements. While there
notice the wild nature of the place,
even in this civilized age; the numer-
ous deer tracks and the work of the
beaver. It seems that nothing has been
molested for years.

In this beauty spot we prepared a
meal in the open, in November, mind
you, and at the same time feasting our
eyes on the scenery, a kaleidoscopic
view blending into the violet hues of
the distance under the dome of blue
sky and a brilliant sunset of golden
hue. Our landscape views turned out
fine. Our color filter did justice to
the situation and the memory will be
everlasting. Squire Signal.

——_>+-2—____
We Asked 104 Women

To give an air of authenticity to
their Christmas gift suggestions,
Thomas’, Minneapolis, informed the
public that its representatives had per-
sonally interviewed 104 women, ask-
ing them what they would like to re-
ceive for ‘Christmas, and that ninety-
eight of them had replied “something
to wear.” Lingerie led the list of
specific desires, with silk hose in sec-

ond place and gloves in third.

—_~2+>__
No man likes to work for a boss
who is afraid to give orders.

—_»>>+—____
To think you’re a failure is a sure
way to make yourself one.

 

 

 

 

American Light & Traction Company

{ORGANIZED 1901}

——

Controlling through its Ownership of stock

Public Utility Properties

Serves a population of

3,170,000 with Gas
366,000 with Electricity
262,000 with Street Railway Service
25,000 with Ice Service

—— ae

- American Light & Traction Company

105 West Adams Street, Chicago 120 Broadway, New York

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  

 

Li att (Saami ae

Wak saben ermine ntanine

 

a eke aR I tena ln abt REL Blige ET laa

THE CAUSE OF CRIME.

 

Due More To Law Makers Than Law
Breakers.

One of the great problems which
seems to confront us is what to do
with our criminals. Some of us who
have been lucky enough to keep out
of jail want to hang them; others favor
establishing the whipping post and the
more straight laced would like to cut
their jugular veins and drink their
blood.

In spite of our stupidity along the
lines of criminology, let us be thank-
ful that we at least show a little more
sense in handling our health affairs.
To-day when an epidemic breaks out
we know it is the effect of a cause,
so we send our health officers in search
of that cause and by that means we
have eliminated a great deal of disease.
We are trying to handle our health
problems in a somewhat intelligent
manner: but when it comes to econom-
ics, then, intellectually, we are on
about a level with an oyster.

When we study the cause of crime
we learn that it is not so much the
law breakers as it is the law makers
who cause crime. When legislators
pass laws which give one citizen ad-
vantage over the other, such laws
create special privileges and are seeds
which germinate crime. Hooverites
say that Government must not enter
into business, but they do not seem
to have any objection to big business
interfering with Government. When
groups of individuals bind themselves
together in order to coerce or bribe
our law makers to get special privileges
it is this privileged class that the late
President Wilson called “The Invisible
Government”. By their immense
wealth they are able to control our
large newspapers, thereby influencing
our educational institutions and many
of the pulpits and also help mould our
idea of patriotism. You will see this
coming winter when the hungry get
desperate in their cry for bread, many
of our newspapers will brand them as
Reds and then so-called patriots will
stand ready to fill them full of lead.

Right here may I be so bold as to
inject in part a letter written in 1857
by Lord Macauley to H. S. Randall,
the biographer of Thomas Jefferson:

“I have long been convinced that
institutions purely democratic must
sooner or later destroy liberty or civil-
ization or both. You may think that
your country enjoys an exemption
from these evils. I will frankly own
to you that I am of a very different
opinion. Your fate I believe to be set-
tled, although it is deferred by a phys-
ical cause. So long as you have a
boundless extent of fertile and un-
occupied land, your laboring popula-
tion will be far more at ease than the
laboring population of the old world,
and while that is the case the Jeffer-
son politics may continue to exist
without any fatal calamity. But the
time will come when wages will be as
low and will fluctuate as much with
you as with us. You will have your
Manchesters and Birminghams, hun-
dreds of thousands of artisans will as-
suredly some time be out of work.

Ge PRE a ne Reena

encanto amen

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

Then your institutions will be brought
to the test. Distress everywhere makes
the laborer mutinous and discontented,
and inclines him to listen to agitators,
who tell him that it is monstrous
iniquity that one man should have a
million while another cannot get a full
meal,

“T have seen England pass three or
four times through such critical seas-
ons as I have described; through such
seasons the U. S. will have to pass
in the course of the next century, if
not of this. How will you pass through
them? I heartily wish you good deliv-
erance. But my reason and my wishes
are at war, and I cannot help fore-
boding the worst.

“The day will come when the state

 

describe do things which will prevent
prosperity from returning. There will
be, I fear, spoilation. The spoilation
will increase the distress. The distress
will produce fresh spoilation. There
is nothing to stop you. Your constitu-
tion is all sail and no anchor. As I
said before, when a society has entered
on this downward progress, either
civilization or liberty must perish.
Either some Caesar or Napoleon will
seize the Government with a strong
hand or your republic will be as fear-
fully plundered and laid waste by the
barbarians in the twentieth century as
the Roman empire was in the fifth,
with the difference that the Huns and
Vandals who ravaged the Roman em-
pire came from without, and that your

Gerrit J. Johnson

of New York, a multitude of people,
none of whom has more than half a
breakfast, and expect to have more
than half a dinner, will choose a legis-
lature. Is it possible to doubt what
sort of legislature will be chosen. On
the one hand is a candidate standing
for law and order and the sacred right
of property. On the other is a dema-
gogue ranting at the tyranny of cap-
italists and usurists, and asking why
anybody should be permitted to drink
champagne and ride in a carriage,
while thousands of honest folks are
in want of necessaries.

“Which of these candidates is likely
to be preferred by a working man who
hears his children cry for bread? I
seriously apprehend that you will in
some such season of adversity as I

SAS abi PBR AS OND ETE A ET CIR

Huns and Vandals will have been en-
gendered within your own country.
Thinking thus, of course, I cannot
reckon Jefferson among the benefac-
tors of mankind.”

You know, Mr. Editor, that I pride
myself on being a Jeffersonian Demo-
crat, but I have read Lord Macauley’s
letter several times and the more I
read it and then realize the political
stupidity of those of us who call our-
selves Americans, the more I fear that
Lord Macauley’s predictions may come
true.

In our country to-day it is estimated
that we have about forty thousand
millionaires. Most of these millions
have been created because of laws
which give one man an advantage over
the other. We have forty thousand

Forty-eighth Anniversary

millionaires, while about 85 per cent.
of our people are in debt. Then we
wonder why our factories are idle, why
we have any army of jobless, resulting
in panics and crime. In reality crime
is a social disease. It is like a boil on
the back of the neck which gives you
warning there is something rotten in
your system. I maintain that under
our neglected form of government
crime waves are absolutely necessary.
One big hold-up and a clean get-away
will do more to make us sit up and
take notice than a mile of unemployed
in a bread line. When we talk about
being my brother’s keeper, that to me
is the bunk. When we give almis it is
not because we are filled with the
“milk of human kindness,’ but with
fear. We know hungry men get des-
perate and we do not know but a hold-
up man will get us next. We have
forty thousand millionaires who in
their greed have debauched our whole
industrial system and they, one and
all, donate to organized charities.
Wasn’t it Jesus who said “For what is
a man profited if he shall gain the
whole world and lose his own soul.”
Isn’t that which we call charity a soul-
less thing? ‘Charity accompanied by a
demand for economic justice, may be
stimulated by the Spirit of God, while
giving to charity without the desire
for justice is the work of the devil.
So, I say, I would rather spend $10
to try and make men think than to
give one dollar to charity and in times
like these, when men’s’ stomachs
shrink, is the time they are liable to
think,

A short time ago our newspapers
proudly proclaimed that the Mellon
bond issue for eight hundred million
was about six billion oversubscribed.
Just think! Six billion of inactive dol-
lars that those on top have and do
not know what to do with, while the
farmers and the owners of idle fac-
tories, the owners of empty store
buildings and homes are sweating
blood trying to pay their taxes. At
the same time our cities are going
into debt, our counties are going into
debt, and our state is going into debt,
and the United States is going still
further into debt. Then we have those
who are so dense that they advocate
a sales tax in order to relieve this con-
dition. They do not realize that to
tax is to suppress and the more we
tax the things we need the more we
lessen purchasing power. In _ our
stupidity we have already taxed in-
dustries to death. We tax the farmer’s
crops, stocks and buildings; we tax
homes. In the name of common sense
why not do away with all taxes and
instead take the rental value of land.
At such a suggestion the average
farmer will go up in the air. He does
not realize that the social land values
are created by people and while the
farmer may have a lot of land he has
very little land value. If the farmers,
manufacturers, merchants and labor-
ers—in fact, all those who follow an
honest pursuit — could realize what
Henry George meant by “Single Tax”

they would all be strong for it. Henry _

George simply meant to do away with
all taxes and instead let society take
unto society what belongs to society

 

 

 

 

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Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN B 91

 

 

 

 

 

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92

and that is the social rental value of
land.

Then, too, in the near future we
shall do away with this superstitution
we now call patriotism, and when we
do, we shall realize that the Stars and
Stripes can only proudly wave when
it waves over a land of the free and
then our flag will act as a symbol
meaning special privileges to none and
an equal opportunity for all. Then we
shall read the constitution intelligently
and learn that we, the citizens, have
the power, with the aid of the ballot,
to have a peaceful revolution. One of
the first things we would do is to buy
new brooms and sweep the dirt out of
Wall street into the ocean. Then-we
should do away with the special privi-
leged who now own our public utilities
and either own or control them our-
selves. We shall take those immense
profits which have gone to the coffers
of those on top. That would increase
our purchasing power and help to keep
the wheels of industry going and nat-
urally ease the burden on charity. We
would do away with all tariffs, for then
we would know that tariffs only pro-
tect the rich at the expense of the
poor, and the farmers will waken from
their slumbers, realizing that in all
tariff squabbles they have been the
goats. We shall also have awakened
to the fact that patent laws create
special privilege. Methinks I hear
But will it?” Do we not
realize that to satisfy our wants with
a minimum of effort is a natural in-
stinct? We know that the world moved
forward long before there were any

someone say, “

 

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

patent laws. And suppose we did have
fewer machines. What's the difference?
What's the hurry? Is it not a fact that
our patents have created oodles of
money for the few at the expense of
the many, and our so-called efficiency
engineers, with the aid of these speed-
up patented machines, have glutted the
market. In other words, our patent
laws have helped to kill initiative and
have taken much of the joy out of
life.

Let’s get back to crime and the
treatment thereof. How well I re-
member some years ago before I had
read Henry George’s “Progress and
Poverty”. I then still belonged to the
sob-sister class and was filled with the
missionary zeal, ranting about the hor-
rible conditions of our Kent county
jail and poor house. I was then so
unsophisticated that I still thought we
could treat our unfortunates decently.
In my innocence I did not know that
“Doing unto others as you would have
them do unto you” was a physical im-
possibility under our present econom-
ical system. I did not know that what
we call Christian civilization depended
upon brutality and not upon love. Do
you not see that if we treated our
unfortunates as we ourselves would
like to be treated there would be such
an influx in our jails and poor houses
and the giving of charity that this
whole Christendom would bust up in
business.

I had some experience with a prison
farm and it was there I had my eye
teeth cut. I learned how futile it was
to talk about reforming without tak-

ing into consideration economic ques-
tions. We prided ourselves on running
a prison farm which was surrounded
only by a fence, the same as any other
farm: no barred windows, no hand-
cuffs, no swords or pistols. This
prison farm was void of any prison
atmosphere and we had good food and
beds. We did not have any trouble
with men trying to break out, but we
did have trouble keeping men from
breaking in. Our prison farm was-a
success until the war broke out and as
jobs became more plentiful prisoners
became more scarce and then we had
to pay men for working who formerly
worked for nothing. The result was
our prison farm busted up in business,
and that experience convinced me that
we can measure crime waves by the
number of men out of jobs. Now
when I see a reformer trying to walk
in the footsteps of Jesus without at-
tempting to straighten out our eco-
nomic conditions I would liken him
unto a man who is filled to the brim
with bootleg trying to walk a crack.

I suppose in this brainstorm I
should have congratulated the Mich-
igan Tradesman upon its forty-eighth
anniversary, but you know I am so
self-centered that I am _ everlastingly
congratulating myself for personally
knowing E. A. Stowe, the editor. And
then, too, when a cigar maker tries to
show off his literary ability he knows
he is treading in strange territory and
has to step lightly, otherwise he is
liable to land in jail. Yet in spite of
what I may have said I am still an
optimist, with faith in the future, firm-

Forty-eighth Anniversary

ly believing that -when we Americans
get our political bearings we will be
able to put our prisons and poor hous-
es in a museum to show the future
generation what barbarians we were
in this barbaric age.
G. J. Johnson.
—_++>—_—_

Correct Living as Basis of Health.

As is well known, the term “crash-
ing the gate” has a very definite mean-
ing at large social gatherings and other
exclusive functions. It is merely a
way of bluffing one’s way into select
company without having been invited.
And while this method has often ‘been
successful, it most decidedly has its
limitations.

For example, there is no possible
chance of crashing the gate to that
super-select crowd of persons who are
surcharged with enviable vim, vigor
and vitality, Old Dame Nature, who
runs that show, effectively sees to that.
Albeit, this fact is not sufficiently ap-
preciated by thousands of persons,
judging by their actions.

\Consider that vast army of people
who over a period of years deliberately
devitalize their system by indulging in
all sorts and types of excesses, get sick
in consequence and then attempt to
crash the gate through the purchase
of a bottle of tonic or some pink pills,
or even by a visit or two to the
doctor’s .office.

These people, entirely ignoring the
fact that they have ostracized them-
selves from the aristocracy of prime
health by means of a long drawn out
process, illogically conclude that the
damage of years can be remedied in

 

 

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~*~ 2

Forty-eighth Anniversary

in a few days, and that a few gulps of
tonic or a few kindly words of the doc-
tor will promptly restore them to
pristine physical condition. Inevitably
they are doomed to disappointment.
Nature doesn’t work that way. She
will in no wise countenance any gate
crashing conduct.

The average person originally pos-
esses all the qualifications to get in and
stay in “smart” health society, There-
fore, the ‘first concern should be to
maintain one’s position by proper liv-
ing habits.

‘Tf, on the oher hand, one has foolish-
ly turned his back upon his birthright
and has become ill because of foolish
conduct, then patience and good
health work should prevail.

In such a case one should place him-
self under the care of a doctor, follow
his advice strictly, stick to the funda-
mental rules laid down by nature and
bide his time. To attempt to hurry
up recuperation is hazardous, ‘There-
fore, one shouldn’t try to crash the

gate. For it can’t be done.
Dr. Theodore B. Appel.
_—_——-o oe
Cleansing of Teeth as Safeguard of
Health.

The human body is so dependent
upon its component parts that a dis-
eased condition in one section, if per-
sisted in, will eventually if not sooner
affect the whole. And because of this
established fact, physicians who are
called upon by their patients to find
the cause of their difficulty, are often
required to hunt for the so-styled
focal point of infection,

Otherwise stated, the affliction is of
such a type that the reason for its ex-
istence is not evident on the surface.
Under circumstances of this character,
the doctor invariably insists that the
teeth and tonsils come under proper
investigation.

And in this connection, just the
other day a case of blindness in a local
hospital was directly traced to dis-
eased and neglected teeth. It no doubt
seems queer to be told that bad teeth
may make bad eyes, Nevertheless this
statement is quite true.

For example, hundreds of instances
could be cited where a chronic condi-
tion of the antrum—the hollow bone
beside the nose and under the cheek—
has caused blindneess by its sudden
flaring up. And for this unexpected
activity, the germs of diseased teeth or
tonsils were solely to blame.

Short of death itself, no greater
price can be paid for mouth and dental
neglect than the loss of sight. It is
foolish to run this risk, comparatively
remote as it may be to the average
person, when all that is required is the
daily application of common-sense
care. A few minutes in the 24 hours
set aside for properly brushing the
teeth—after each meal and before go-
ing to bed—and proper supervision of
the mouth by the dentist, develops a
security against so many serious con-
ditions that no argument urging such
a program should be required.

(However, the fact that there are no
doubt millions in the United States
to-day—a country, by the way, that
pays more attention to its teeth than
does any other in the world—who
‘brush their teeth scarcely at all and
seek a dentist only when in pain justi-

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

fies the warning that infected teeth not
only harm eyes, but have the power in
many instances to slay as well.
Dr. C. J. Hollister.
—_>++—___
Outcome of Chain Stores Remains To
Be Seen.

Now that the ‘Census of Distribution
figures on chain stores have been pub-
lished we have for the first time a
clear picture of mass selling at retail.
These linked stores, we learn, do more
than a fifth of all our consumer trade,
a substantial part. But chains of Na-
tional range, of which it seems there
are only 321, have less than one-tenth
of all the business, the sectional chains
have less than one-twentieth, while
local chains take one-fourteenth. The
most significant item in the compila-
tion, however, is the relatively low
average volume of the independent
dealers, scarcely more than one-half
that of the chain stores. The chains
carry the principle of mass selling
down to the single outlet. Great num-
bers of independent dealers are en-
gaged in serving very small groups of
customers, The chains, in other words,
do a retail business on a wholesale
scale, while many of the independent
dealers are still struggling to make
good on a retail scale. ‘The chains,
too, ubiquitous as they seem, are mass-
ed in only a few fields. Five groups,
each having a volume exceeding half
a billion dollars, do nearly four-fifths
of the entire chain store trade and a
third of all the chain store selling is
done by food stores, while another
third is controlled by chains that sell
through general merchandise and
wearing apparel stores. How much
farther the chain movement is likely
to go is a question the census figures
do not answer. it has traveled at a
swift pace since the kaiser’s war. It
is still going forward, spurred by the
present economic conditions which
give to the consideration of retail
prices an unusually important place in
the mind of the consumer. ‘But the
multiplication of chains has brought
the movement into a new phase. In
the heydey of their growth they gained
popularity rapidly because of their
ability to sell goods at very low prices.
How they will fare in competition
among themselves remains to be seen.

o-oo

Toy Reorders Developing Slowly.

Orders in the toy trade have been
running at about 85 per cent. of those
for the same period a year ago, ac-
cording to estimates made in the mar-
ket yesterday. Re-orders are develop-
ing slowly, with the attention of man-
ufacturers centered on completion of
shipments on original orders placed
during the last few weeks. Outstand-
ing in the retail activity thus far has
been the consumer interest shown in
several specialties, including the doll
and wardrobe ensembles and some
types of pull toys. Games and novel-
ties to retail below $1, sheet steel and
mechanical toys below $5 and medium-
price wheel goods were said to be fac-
ing an active buying period directly
ahead.

——
The Golden Rule never tarnished

anyone,
—_---_—__. > ————

Let your smiles be seen; your tears
unseen.

 

93

 

 

Edson Moore & Co.

1702-1722 Fort St. West
Detroit

Selling agents and wholesale
Distributors of Nationally

advertised lines of

Blankets
Cotton Piece Goods
Wash Fabrics
Linens
Draperies
Ready to Wear
Notions
Hosiery

Underwear

Work Shirts

Mohawk Rugs and Carpets,

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€¢?@e¢e¢s¢ € ©

1872-1931
Fifty-nine years of service to
Independent Merchants

 

 

 

 

sctaptnesansanaseserontannnnnpicniainnenainste eta ttt ON NEN NNN SOL A OLE OA GEAR AG

94

DEATH OF OSSIAN SIMONDS.

 

Greatest Exponent of Landscape Art
in America,

Ossian Cole Simonds was a Grand
Rapids product. He was born on a
farm in Paris township in a small
house which stood upon the ground
that now is called Garfield-Fletcher
Park. His boyhood days were spent
very largely in the timber area that
bordered Plaster Creek. He became
acquainted with every tree and shrub
and flower in this area. They were
his friends; they gave him the inspira-
tion which led to his great career.
He attended the country school until
he was ready for high school, and then
under the guidance of Prof. E. A.
Strong finished his high school course
in our city and then attended the Mich-
igan University, from which he grad-
uated in 1878. When he started in his
college course, he expected to be an
engineer. During the last two years
he rather changed his mind and ex-
pected to go into arcihtecture as a
profession. He sat under the lectures
of Professor W. L. B. Jenney who was
Professor of Architecture in the Uni-
versity at that time. From lack of ap-
propriations the department of archi-
tecture was abandoned in the Univer-
sity and Professor Jenney returned to
Chicago and Mr. Simonds entered his
office as an assistant. At that time a
leading citizen of Chicago, Mr. Bryan
Lathrop, who was president of the
Graceland Cemetery Association and
who was greatly interested in the
parks of Chicago and in the plan which
led to the erection of the Art Institute,
had a vision of making Graceland a
great park cemetery. A large area of
land was added to it and Mr. Lathrop
engaged Mr. Simonds to carry out the
plan for the enlargement and develop-
ment of the cemetery. In the mean-
time three young men, Simonds, Hali-

bird & Roche organized an architec- -

tural firm in Chicago. It looked at
that time as though Mr. Simonds
would carry out his plan of becoming
an architect; however, through Mr.
Lathrop’s influence he became inter-
ested in landscaping, and after the en-
gineering part attached to Graceland
Cemetery had been accomplished, he
was given the superintendency of the
cemetery with the authority to develop
it under the vision of Mr. Lathrop.
This led to the abandonment of archi-
tecture and the adoption of landscape
gardening as a profession.

Mr. Simonds made a great study of
park cemeteries and as a result of his
life work Graceland Cemtery is the
most perfect example of a park ceme-
tery in this country. Mr. Simonds,
under the advice of Mr. Lathrop, op-
ened an office on the cemetery grounds,
and from that time on devoted himself
to the profession of landscape garden-
ing. Friday, Nov. 20th, Mr. Simonds
passed away in his Chicago home, and
on Monday afternoon, Nov. 23, his
ashes were buried after a beautiful
service in Graceland Chapel in the
cemetery which he developed and
is the greatest monument of his art.

Directly and indirectly Mr. Simonds
has been a contributor from time..to

 

- little more. -

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

time in the Michigan Tradesman, and
in one of my own contributions last
year under the caption of “Trailing
after a Landscaper’, some of his ar-
tistic qualities were related. His great-
est delight was in the promotion of his

-art. In his country home on Lake

Michigan, which he called “The Cove”,
he has left a beautiful memorial de-
veloped with the natural products of the
locality and made wonderfully attrac-
tive in the utilization of nature’s meth-
od of seductive landscape gardening

Mr. Simonds was stricken in his last
illness on the porch of a former Grand
Rapids citizen, Anton Hodenpyl, on
Long Island, and never recovered from
the attack. I cannot better express
Mr. Simonds’ beautiful visions than by
quoting letters to me dictated in be
during his last illness. he first o
was dated Nov. 9, from which
as follows:

Do you remember when, about forts
years ago. I talked to you about
ing machine long befo wre th
Brothers had perfecte
yesterday was a gr
machines in Ct
autogyros they

   
 
 
  
 
     

   

would go fo:
it attained a heigh
when the power oka be turn
the wings tilted downward htl
and the machine sailed on at a great
rate until near enough the ground to
put on the power and go up again.
If sailing against the wind that would
have power enough to send it up with-
out further expenditure of power. I
think my machine might easily have
made a mile a minute on the average.
Its motion would have been something
like that of a thistle-bird in flight, that
is, up and down. If I had stuck to
flying machines, I think I might have
made a mark in the world, but they
never got out of my head excepting
in my letters to you. I think, however,
I have been happier with landscaping.

Two days later the following letter
was dictated and because it mentions
prominently one of our Grand Rapids
citizens and mentions a salient feature
of the artistic quality of his tempera-
ment, it may be interesting to our
readers. The following is a transcript
of this message:

Perhaps you remember Mr. Millard
as he was one of the earliest graduates
on the Agricultural College. He be-
came a lawyer and practiced in Chi-
cago. He was fond of nature and the
country and bought quite a tract of
land at Highland Park, building a
good-sized log house in which to live.
As you know, Lake Michigan is the
principal landscape feature at Chicago,
and the woded ravines in the region
North of here from Winnetka to Lake
Forest and beyond would rank next.
On Mr. Millard’s place there were
several ravines which he admired very
much. I visited his place about fifty
years ago and it was several years ago
that he died. I do not know what he
paid for his land, perhaps fifty or one
hundred dollars an acre, or maybe a
During his lifetime and
ever since, land has increased in value
until-it is now worth, J. suppose, in the
neighborhood of? ten thousand dollars
an acre. The heirs have sometimes
considered selling. Among others
who looked at the land was a Jew
who looked the land over and im-
mediately went away telling a frierfd

afterwards that he did not buy the
Millard place because it would cost
too much to fill up the ravines.

If Roy Munson gets well and has
the Master Farmers’ meeting at his
house some time in the future, and I
am there to talk, I would like to tell
this story in illustration of a point that
I would like to make in what I have
to say about beautifying farms. The
point is that one of the most econom-
ical and satis factory ways of beautify-
ing a farm is in agent the eyes of
farmers to see the beauty that is all
around> them, It is oak easier to
open the eves of the children than the
eur parents, bot men are not

  

terested
articularty in the

 

nterested
e he illustrated his

ot controlled blow sands in the
shrubs adapted
‘ick as an
how the blowing
lied. One day
iding together from
eroowe to Samgatuck on the Wayside

wan always i

“-

 

 

 

looking at old

the highest dune along
I asked Mr. Simonds if
t was possible to coftrol

 

e blowing sands of Western Allegan
hick encroaching upon

and he replied

e done,’ and how

it as a life job.”
im to make me an esti-
it would cost by using
hod of planting locust trees to

t
his metl

put this problem entirely under control

in the vicinity of Saugatuck. He
thought a few minutes and said, “I
could do it for $100,00 and guarantee
it to work.” He felt absolutely certain
from his experiments that this was the
method of solving the dune problem
of Western Michigan. He made the
plan for the splendid farm of Governor
Lowden in Illinois, a leading feature
of which is the growing of a native
pine forest. Mr. Simonds was the
author of a valuable treatise entitled
“Landscape Gardening’, probably the
best that has come from the hand of
any author of recent years,

Mr. Simonds has been my intimate
companion from boyhood, and it has
always been a delight to have his con-
fidence in connection with his accom-
plishment in the development of his
art. He was a great reader and a
good singer and an advocate of walk-
ing as an element in the maintenance
of good health. During several win-
ters which we spent together in Florida
I always felt in our intimacy that I
was dwelling in the atmosphere of
greatness in a great profession. The
landscaper, of all artists, if he lives
up to the peak of his art, must be a
prophet, for, the development of won-
derful pictures in the use of trees,
shrubs and plants, must be attached to
a vision of what the pictures will grow
to be inthe years and decades and
centuries to come. In the death of
Mr. Simonds landscape art loses the
most prominent advocate of the nat-
ural in the promotion of “the art which
does mend Nature, change it rather;
the art itself is nature”,

Charles W. Garfield.

“is expensive.

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Restoring Vigor To Frail Child By
Sun Baths. :

All children, whether sturdy or frail,
are made stronger and their bodies
more resistant to disease by sun baths
properly given. Durnig the winter
months when many of our days are
cold and stormy and the daylight hours
are short, it is often difficult to give
young children outdoor sun baths, But
these can be managed indoors by plac-
ing the child by the side of a window
which is open at the top or bottom.
It is important to place the bed so
that the little one may sit or lie. in.
the band of sunlight that comes
through: the open space. Ordinary
window glass filters out the ultraviolet
rays.

When the days are dark and: cloudy
and sun baths cannot be taken, there
are two ways of bringing the sun in-
doors. Ordinary window glass’ filtérs
out the invisible or ultraviolet rays of
sunlight. Scientists have learned that
the invisible rays of the sun pass freely
through. quartz crystals. Following
this discovery a special kind of glass
made from these quartz crystals, has
been supplied. But this window glass
It is also found to partly
lose its power of ray-transmission, af-
ter being in use two or three years.
We will have to lay this aside on the
grounds of its not being available for
general use because of its expense, as
well as its short time of usefulness.

The second way of bringing sun-
shine indoors even on cloudy days, is
by the use of ultraviolet ray producing
lamps. * These are extensively adver-
tised in many of our magazines and
periodicals. Their usefulness is ex-
tolled by their makers. But the public
is never told that harm can be done
by them through their injudicious use.
One should never forget that real harm
may come when they are used unskill-

fully. These lamps never should be
used except under proper medical
supervision, id

Other ways to build a health wall of
protection about the bodies of children
is through outdoor play, sleeping with
open windows and wearing proper
clothing. They should be dressed ac-
cording to the season. The child that
is put into eavy winter clothing in the
late fall and compelled to wear it until
early spring, no matter what the ther-
mometer may register, is to be pitied.
We don’t wear fur coats until decided-
ly cold weather comes, why then make
a child carry about woolen  under-
garments, and a thick sweater, to say
nothing of an overcoat, until the weath-
er is severe enough to call for them.
Too heavy clothing on warm days
throws the child into a perspiration
which lowers. its resistance and: makes
it more susceptible to disease.

During the winter, when doors and
windows must be closed, good ventila-
tion is a necessity if we are to keep
well. If we read health department
reports we can but note the prevalence
of contagious diseases during these
months. This can be explained

through closer contact of living, less
fresh air in homes, places of public
amusement, etc.

Elizabeth Ingraham.

 

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, i } Forty-eighth Anniversary MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 95

THE PENNY
tor ELECTRICITY...

300,000,000 PEN-
NIES FOR TAXES

A penny spent for electricity does a lot

of work--buys more electricity than

ever before. In 1920 it took nearly

eight pennies to buy a kilowatt hour of

electricity in the average home served
by Consumers Power Company

 

 

 

——

a SR oe a ee,

2
+

ER = a ea
en

Today a little more than four and a
half pennies will buy that same _ elec-
tricity, which does more work in more
ways than was possible ten years ago

 

It’s the pennies that make the service
possible--yet, consider this:

It takes over three hundred million of

your pennies to pay faxes assessed

against Consumers Power Company in
a year.

It is easy to see that this is an impor-
fant item in the cost of your electric
service.

pemers
COMPANY

ee

   

 

 

  

96

Renting a Coffin For the Day.

Amazement, revulsion, protest and
denunciation will greet the new order
of burial procedure. Then will the
funeral director have the added bur-
den of seeking to conciliate people and
induce them to adopt the inevitable,
which is by no means to his own lik-
ing. In quoting costs of the various
features which make up the program
of burial obsequies, he shows how the
desirable results may be secured at a
lessened expense because of the elim-
ination of an expensive casket. During
all the services it stands there to all
appearances equal to the magnificent
ones of to-day. When the final scene
in the cemetery ends the expensive
looking shell is removed and returned
to the hearse to be used over and over
again, while the real but cheaply con-
structed coffin goes into the earth.

Pride, whose chief servant is pre-
tense, may demur, even protest with
vigor, and yet secretly rejoice that ex-
penses are thereby materially lessened.

What is a funeral to-day A gather-
ing of sorrowing relatives and friends?
A company of neighbors who spon-
taneously go to express their respect
for the departed? A meeting where
the thoughts of all are turned from
the common affairs of every day and
dwell upon the higher life and inter-
ests? These things seem to have
faded; to have dwindled to faint pro-
portions. People are loath to leave
work or business even for a short
time and hasten away at the earliest
moment to resume that which is of
greater interest.

And what of the relatives? They
have complied with the exacting de-
mands of custom; everything has been
carried out to perfection; no one had
any cause for criticism. The last view
of the deceased and all the appoint-
ments enabled them to carry away a
picture of peace and rest which must
obscure former scenes of pain, unrest
and sorrow. And is all well? That de-
pends on whether the expense was in
keeping with the means of the family
or otherwise.

Who will bring about this innova-
tion? The undertaker. Why? Because
he cannot expend so much on one
funeral and wait a year or two for his
pay as he did when the total expense
was a third, a quarter of what it is
now, and the debtor’s family had a
regular income. No work, no wages,
no savings account, no assurance that
the undertaker’s bill will ever be paid.
Graveyard insurance is strongly con-
demned, but might there not be fun-
eral insurance—not on each member
of a family, but for the first death
which might occur? In such a time of
unemployment with no insurance pol-
icy of any kind, no wages, no property
for security or against which a claim
would hold, what are undertakers to
do? ‘This problem must exist right
now. A check on extravagance is
needed, :

‘There was a death in the family of
poor relatives of a well-to-do man. He
offered to pay the funeral expenses.
There was no moderation, no reserve,
no evidence of economy in the selec-
tions; nothing but the best would do.
The sympathies of the relative suffered
a frost.

Less than sixty years ago the village

MICHIGAN TRADESMAN

undertaker’s bill was as low-—as forty
dollars. To-day the concrete box,
along with services, cost forty dollars.
It must arrive early and be lowered
into the grave; then a man must wait

to cement the lid after the casket is in-

position. In the earlier period a wood-
en box cost no more than two dollars,
and the sexton needed no assistance
which increased expenses.

Back of all that one may see at a

funeral, and in addition to all com-
mendable endeavor, there may be a
slavish worship of custom, a purpose
to keep up an appearance; a deter-
mination not to be outdone, like unto
giving a reception, a banquet or some
other social function; a duty perform-
ed conscientiously which leaves the as-
surance which might be expressed: “I
have done the best I could,” if per-
chance any might criticize anything
signifying economy,

Conserving resources, provision for
the future, an effort to avoid the pinch
which must inevitably come to some
because of extravagance in this matter,
must not be permitted. One-half, one-
fourth the expense of a person’s funer-
al in these times may exceed the cost
of all the comforts that one had in a
life of sixty years. ‘People know it and
then they wonder ‘how the widow or
daughter or the widower will manage
to get along without realizing extreme
need.

Who will brave public opinion and
set an example of moderation lest this
prophesied sham ‘be included where
only sincerity is commendable?

E, E, Whitney.
——_+++—_____
How Merchant May Become Liable
For Goods Unordered.

Generally speaking, a merchant can-
not be held liable for goods unless the
seller can show a valid order or con-
tract covering the purchase thereof.
But to this rule there is a well defined
exception which holds _ that,
though goods were ordered without the
merchant’s authority, he may be bound
to pay for them on the ground of rati-
fication if he exercises an owner’s con-
trol over them after receipt.

In other words, if a merchant re-
ceiving goods sent because of an un-
authorized order attempts to sell them,
or to retain part of them, such acts will
usually bind him for the price of the
order. Clearly, here is an important
rule of commercial law that merchants
may well have in mind, and as an il-
lustration of how the courts have ruled
thereon the following case is well
worth a brief review.

In this case the defendant was en-
gaged in conducting a retail store, and
received a call from a salesman in the
employ of the plaintiff. The defend-
ant did not care to take on plaintiff's
line, and after so stating to the sales-
man left the store and went to get his
lunch leaving his brother in charge.

Upon defendant’s departure the
salesman took up the matter of an or-
der with the defendant’s brother, who
was merely a clerk, and talked so con-
vincingly that the induced the brother
of the defendant to sign the corporate
name of the defendant to an order as
well as to six notes covering goods in
the amount of $422. The salesman then
left, and when the defendant returned
to the store his brother, it appears, said

even:

nothing about signing the order and
notes,

A few days later the goods arrived,
and this was the {first knowledge de-
fendant had of what this brother had
done. ‘Upon being informed of what
had ‘happened, defendant wrote the
plaintiff. refusing to accept the goods
on the ground that his brother had no
authority to sign the order and notes.
Defendant received no reply to this
letter, and the goods being unpacked
defendant. made some effort to sell
them.

Finally, however, defendant wrote
several other letters in which he stated
that he would keep part of the goods,
but that he was returning the balance.
True to his letter, defendant repacked
and shipped the greater part of the
gioods back to plaintiff. In the mean-
time several months had elapsed since
the giving of the order, and plaintiff
refused to accept the return of the
goods.

The dispute that followed culminated
in plaintiff bringing suit for the amount
of the order. In this action plaintiff
took the position that even though de-
fendant’s brother had no authority ito
sign the order the acts of plaintiff in
trying to sell the goods and in retain-
ing part of them, constituted a ratifica-
tion of the order and bound him to
pay the full amount. Defendant relied
on the fact that his brother had no au-
thority to sign for the goods. In rea-
soning on the rights of the parties on
the above facts the court said:

“Defendant, we think, waited too
long to disaffirm the purchase. The
action of the defendant in retaining the

- merchandise—more than four months

—and then returning a part of the
gioods because unable to sell the mer-
chandise, certainly implied a consent
to the purchase, even though the pur-
chase was unauthorized,

“In one of the letters (defendant)
specifically states that he is keeping the
records and is willing to pay for them,
Under well-settled jurisprudence, such
an act is equivalent to a ratification of
an authorized contract. The purchase
cannot be revoked in part and ratified
in part. One cannot affirm what is to
his advantage and reject what is not.
In view of the evidence, and the law
applicable thereto, this court is of the
opinion that defendant, in legal effect,
ratified the purchase. It is now or-
dered that there be judgment in favor
of plaintiff in the sum of $422.

In accordance with the above, the
defendant merchant was held liable for
the unauthorized order of this bill of
goods, because of his failure to
promptly refuse the merchandise and
his attempt to sell and retain part of
the order. Moral, if any is needed,

‘where goods are received on an un-

authorized order, they should be
promptly refused in total, if. not ac-
ceptable, and no attempt to sell or re-
tain any part of them should be made.
Otherwise, liability may attach, re-
gardless of the fact that the merchant
did not authorize the order.
Leslie !Childs.

—_2++____

If all the folks in the United States
would do the few simple things they
know they ought to do, most of our
big problems would take care of them-
selves——Calvin Coolidge.

Forty-eighth Anniversary

Causes of Heart Disease.

The decidedly upward curve in the
incidence of fatal heart disease, not
only in Pennsylvania but throughout
the Nation, is sufficient reason for
everyone of mature years to pause and
consider the possible part they may
be playing in this unfortunate situation.
In fact, without the individual’s per-
sonal co-operation the chances for
marked improvement in this deplor-
able condition are somewhat slim.

In the last analysis, heart conditions
fall into two main classes. First, those
resulting from other diseases—usually
childhood ones; and second, those that
may be traced to personal conduct of
omission or commission.

‘Preparedness represents the major
defense against this pre-eminent hi-
jacker of health. It is the one weapon
that it cannot usually resist successful-
ly. Primarily, individuals of mature
age must realize that high speed liv-
ing, excessive use of stimulants and
other unnatural drains upon vitality
such as consistent lack of proper rest
and overexercise are likely eventually
to ‘backfire in the form of a weakened
heart. Old Dame Nature apparently
takes a lot of punishment, but she
never forgets. And one of her most
favorite methods of reminder is to hit
the heart. Moderation in all things
personal is therefore an exceedingly
safe and, in fact, the only reasonable
rule to follow.

‘No matter how good one’s conduct
toward his body may have been, once
yearly a complete physical examina-
tion should ‘be made by a competent
physician. The master detective in the
form of scientific investigation thus
applied will nip incipient heart condi-
tions in the bud; conditions, by the
way, blissfully unsuspected by the in-
dividual.

If these two main courses of pre-
paredness against heart disease were
conscientiously and generally employ-
ed, there can be little doubt that the
present deplorable record that it now
is making would be effectively cur-
tailed. Dr. Theodore B. Appel.

— ++ >__
Signed On the Dotted Line.

Some men mortgage their souls to
Satan in order to heap up riches.
When they have accumulated untold
wealth and its care becomes a burden,
they conclude it is about time to re-
deem that mortgage. So they make
great gifts to religious and philan-
thropic enterprises, but find no ease-
ment. At last they discover that they
executed not a mortgage but a war-
rantee deed. “Ye have sold your-
selves for naught.” E, E. Whitney.

—++>____

To-morrow the successful executive
will have to know his public. He will
need both practical and theoretical
knowledge of his product and its dis-
tribution, but the extra something that
will mark to-morrow’s outstanding
business leaders will ‘be an ability to
feel the state of mind of the buying
public. The future executive will be
a master doctor of society, feeling its
pulse and knowing its state of health,
its mood, and its probable reactions.
He must diagnose every social situa-
tion and determine its effect on to-
morrow’s dollar.

 

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> -

 

 

He knows
his groceries

Tt General Foods salesman who calls on
you is taking a postgraduate course in gro-

cery selling —from a behind-the-counter viewpoint.

How to make shelf display sell goods—how to
increase sales by counter display — how to build
effective floor displays — how to use advertising
material to attract customers and increase sales —
these are only a few of the subjects in which every
General Foods salesman is now taking a six-months’
course of practical training, compiled from the
experience of the most successful grocers through-

out the country.

General Foods is educating its salesmen in all
these important phases of retail grocery merchan-
dising in furtherance of its policy that “no sale is
finished until the consumer buys.” If you want to sell

more goods, profitably —

 

 

Principal Products
distributed by
GENERAL FOODS
SALES COMPANY
INC,

POSTUM CEREAL
INSTANT POSTUM
GRAPE-NUTS

POST TOASTIES

POST’S BRAN FLAKES
WHOLE BRAN

DIAMOND CRYSTAL SALT
JELL-O

LOG CABIN SYRUP
MINUTE TAPIOCA
WALTER BAKER'S COCOA
WALTER BAKER’S CHOCOLATE

MAXWELL HOUSE COFFEE
AND TEA

FRANKLIN BAKER’S COCONUT
CERTO

HELLMANN’S MAYONNAISE
PRODUCTS

CALUMET BAKING POWDER
LA FRANCE

SWANS DOWN CAKE FLOUR
SATINA

SANKA COFFEE

 

eel

© 1981, G. F. Corp

‘Ask the General Foods Salesman”

(he knows his grocéries}

 

 

 

——
i=

4

We take the

Opportunity

that the

Anniversary Number

of the

Michigan Tradesman

CIOLO

 

a a ee ee ee re re er rr ee ee ood

 

Presents to extend our greetings and also to render
our thanks to the many friends in the trade who
have favored us with such a generous share of their
business during the present year and for all the
other years of our existence.

We have been at the service of Independent Re-
tailers for forty-six years and during that long period
of time there has always been a desire to work more
closely and to cooperate more fully with our retail
friends.

Regardless of rumors of any nature the trade
have our assurance that no policy will ever be
adopted by Lee & Cady that will conflict with the
best interests of Independent Retail Merchants.

CAO L7O

LEE & CADY

MMMM MMMM MMMM T=

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