Fifty-first Year 2 Q Sa Ww SPEZOINR ERS a ZG Wied WK SSO WHOSE a y USES GENE NIE Gi XK Com \CEAED) NaC Ne ly a 7h \) ~~ ES} \ =~ Saal Co SF FI le On: a Al.) +4 SN (Xey2 Sy Ye > YS CAWES a Ss = .___ Shoe Demand Maintained Shoe buying is proceeding at a fair rate, but retailers are operating cau- tionsly in the placing of orders. With prices fairly well stabilized, there is no immediate impetus to buying, and until consumer response to Spring styles has crystallized, stores are con- tent to move slowly. Demand contin- ues to center on low-price numbers, such as $3.50 to $5, but a slightly bet- ter call has appeared for the higher- price styles. Orders for sport shoes in both men’s and women’s styles are in- creasing. — +2 >____ If the printing of the Congressional Record were abolished and the news- papers quit sending reporters to the capitol, how long would it be before Congress would quit talking? TRADESMAN Death of Archie W. Stitt, of Monroe Death came to Archie W. Stitt, di- rector and secretary of the River Rai- sin Paper Co., of Monroe, at Harper Hospital, Detroit, after an illness of less than two weeks. He was in his seventy-sixth year. Funeral services were conducted at 1 o’clock Saturday by Rev. Frederick G. Behner, pastor of the First Pres- byterian church, assisted by Dr. Rob- ert Bell Inglis, of the First Presbyte- rian church of Newark, New Jersey. Interment took place at Jackson where Rev. Mr. Griffith, of that city, assisted in the burial service, Archie W. Stitt was born at Pulaski, -a., April 30, 1858, his antecedents being Scotch on his father’s side and English on his mother’s side. His father was a tailor by trade. Much of his earlier life was spent on a farm. When he was about sixteen years of age he went to Cleveland, where he worked four years for E. M. McGillin & Co., wholesale dry goods dealers, in the capacity of stock boy. He then formed a co-partnership with Thos. Mann and purchased the grocery stock of Voewie Bros., on Woodland avenue. The firm of Stitt & Mann was subse- quently dissolved by the retirement of Mr. Stitt to accept a position as travel- ing representative for Vouwie Bros, in Michigan. He continued in this cap- acity for four years, when he entered the employ of Lautz Bros. & Co., soap manufacturers of Buffalo, N.Y., for whom he traveled two years in the same territory. Thirty-three years ago he formed an alliance with the Central City Soap Co., of Jackson, which con- tinued for many years. He then re- moved to Monroe and connected him- self with the River Raisin Paper Co., which relation was continued to his death, Mr. Stitt’s marriage to Margaret Ann Wineman, who preceded him in death seven months ago, was the cul- mination of a childhood romance, Mrs. Stitt having been a native of the Pu- laski community. Her parents lived on a farm about three miles distant from the village. The couple were married there July 3, 1884. Mr. Stitt’s devotion and personal at- tendance upon his wife during the long period of invalidism and sickness which preceded her death is thought by the family to have been perhaps a factor which undermined his health. 3esides his daughter, Mrs. Howard O’Brien, Mr. Stitt leaves a brother, Walter C. Stitt, of Youngstown, Ohio, and two sisters, Mrs. Ellis E. Moore and Miss Ella Stitt of Youngstown, In the passing of this well-known industrial executive the community loses one of its first citizens. He was one of the founders of the River Raisin Paper Co. His civic interest had en- deared him to the people of the city and county during the period of inten- sive civilian effort at the time of the kaiser’s war when he be came first chairman of the Monroe Chapter of Red Cross. Likewise, in the period of reconstruction which followed, he gave his strong personal leadership and close interest to every forward movement and enterprise. Possessed of executive capacity and meticulous attention to detail in all that he undertook, he also radiated a kindly 3 interest in all with whom he came in contact. These qualities made lasting friendships over an ever widening cir- cle and his acquaintance extended wide- ly throughout the county and state. —_—_e~+~-__ Trend in Home Sewing Women who sew at all are sewing more than they were a year ago and they expect to do more home sewing than they have been doing in the last two years, it is indicated by a study National Retail Dry Goods Association. The study was recently made by the based on a questionnaire answered in the homes of students in the marketing classes of the College of the City of New York, and the results are given December 1933 bulletin of the Association. in the In answer to the enquiry as to the share of their own dresses which were home, 16 per cent. of the housewives replied that they made all or most of made at them, 54 per cent. make some of their dresses, and 23 per cent. Nearly all of those who sew at all stated that they do more make none. sewing than a year ago, and that this practice would be increased if prices of ready-to-wear garments are further in- creased. Sixty-four per cent. of the women queried stated that stores should give customers more information on sewing, and sewing classes were most frequent- ly mentioned as the best way in which be given. Sales- according to reports such advice could people, these should be able to tell customers more about how the different kinds of fabric wear, their washability, and their ap- propriateness for certain types of gar- ments. They should also, the custo- mers indicated, understand more about color harmony in order to give greater service to the buyer of fabrics for dress- making. ——_>-e2 Grocery Code Approval Due Approval of the grocery manufac- turers’ code before the close of this week is regarded as a certainty by Paul S. Willis, who has been holding conferences with government officials The code, which has been pending since early last Fall when the producers submitted their tentative draft, now meets practically all the ob- jections raised by groups affected, Mr. Willis added. Both the jobbers’ and retailers codes submitted last Fall have in Washington. been approved and are now in effect. PERSONAL Will the man who waited two hours last Thursday afternoon in an office in the Grand Rap- ids Savings Bank building and then failed to see his man, get in touch with Otte Brothers American Laundry .. . phone 5-2121 . . . and learn how to make a more favorable impres- sion on the girl at the recep- tion desk. The young lady took one look at his soiled and shapeless hat and decided he wasn’t important enough to bother the Boss. For 50c we'll clean your hat with Energine and make it look like new so that it won’t prove a handicap. 4 MOVEMENTS OF MERCHANTS. Deerfield—The Deerfield State Bank has increased its capital stock from $20,000 to $40,000. Owosso—The Llewellyn Bean Co. has decreased its capital stock from $100,000 to $10,000. Kaikaska—The Kalkaska State Bank has increased its capital stock from $25,000 to $50,000. Alma—The Alma State Savings Bank has increased its capital stock from $50,000 to $100,000. Galesburg — The Galesburg State Bank has increased its capital stock from $20,000 to $35,000. St. Johns—The State Bank of St. Johns has increased its capitalizaticn from $75,000 to $150,000. Gagetown—tThe State Savings Bank of Gagetown has increased its capital stock from $25,000 to $35,000. St. Joseph—The Peoples State Bank of St. Joseph has increased its capital stock from $50,000 to $65,000. Jackson—The Jackson City Bank & Trust Co., has increased its capital stock from $300,000 to $800,000. : Detroit—The Blue Eagle Coal Cc., Inc., 2161 Fenkell avenue, has changed its name to the Economical Coal Co. Pontiac — The Wolverine Brewing Co., 555 Coing street, has increased its capital stock from $80,000 to $115,000. Berrien Springs — The Berrien Springs State Bank has increased its capital stock from $20,000 to $45,000. Detroit—The Freight Stores, Inc., 5437. West Vernor Highway, has changed its name to General Stores, Inc. Detroit—The United Dairies, Inc., 650 East Six Mile Road, has increased its capital stock from $25,000 to $200,- 000. Otsego—A. D. Hancock is closing out his stock of clothing, shoes and Women’s wear and will retire from business. Lansing—Importers & Distillers Representatives, Inc., 350 Hollister Bldg., has changed its name to The Paul Co. Detroit — Rosenberg’s Department Store, Inc., 4638 Michigan avenue, has increased its capital stock from $50,000 to $75,000. Lincoln Park—The Lincoln Park Tool Co., 1525 Chandler avenue, has increased its capital stock from $2,000 to $10,000. Detroit—The Detroit Tool & Forge Co., 656 Smith avenue, has changed its name to the Detroit Tool & Man- ufacturing Co. ‘Harbor Springs—The Harry H. Har- tung Shoe Store, State street, is being remodeled and redecorated throughout and new shelving put in. Grand Rapids—-The Grand Rapids Welding Supply Co., 540 Division avenue, South, has changed its name to Michigan Gasses, Inc. Iron Mountain—Kathryn Colburn, dealer in corsets, lingeries, hosiery, etc., has removed her stock from the Brau- mart Bldg., B street to Carpenter ave- nue. Detroit—The Key King Corporation, 2501 Barlum Tower, has been organ- ized to manufacture and sell mechanica! MICHIGAN and other novelties with a capital stock of $1,000, all subscribed and paid in. Battle Creek—The Battle Creek Storage & Carting Co., has been incor- porated with a capital stock of $25,000, $6,000 being and $1,000 paid in. Detroit—The Dodge Distributing Co., 416 Field avenue, has been organ- ized to distribute liquors with a cap- ital stock of $10,000, all subscribed and paid in. subscribed Kalamazoo—La Paulls, Inc., 103 North Burdick street, retail furniture, has been incorporated with a capital stock of $10,000, $5,000 of which has been subscribed and paid in. Scottville—Malcolm H. Colburn, for 24 years manager of the J. N. Mack grocery and general store, died at his home Jan. 29, following an illness of several months, aged 69 years. Detroit—The Standard Steel Prod- ucts Co., 110 South Livernois avenue, has been organized to deal in steel and steel products with a capital stock of $1,000 all subscribed and paid in. Detroit—The Wais-Van Riper Job- bing Co., 170 West Jefferson avenue, has been organized to deal in textiles, shirts, etc., with a capital stock of $1,000, all subscribed and paid in. Detroit—The Bee Smelting & Re- fining Co., 2921 East Davison avenue, has been organized to do refining and salvaging metals with a capital stock of $1,000, all subscribed and paid in. Battle Creek—Jacob Mehler, manu- facturing furrier, has removed his busi- ness, the Whitman Fur Shop, from 201-3 West Michigan avenue to the newly remodeled location, 13 North- east Capital avenue. Detroit—The Standard Furniture Manufacturing Corporation, 47 East Milwaukee avenue, furniture and house furnishings, has been incorporated with a capital stock of $10,000, $1,000 being subscribed and paid in. Detroit—Brennan’s, Inc., 148 Bag- ley avenue, custom millinery, has merg- ed the business into a stock company under the style of Brennans Hats, Inc., with a capital stock of 500 shares at $10 a share, $1,000 being subscribed and paid in. Mt. Pleasant—The James L. Taylor Co., 701 South Kinney avenue, has been organized to deal in general mer- chandise at retail with a capital stock of $1,500 preferred and 100 shares at $100 a share, $1,000 being subscribed an# paid in. Grosse Pointe Farms—Grace Wright, Inc., dealer in dresses, other apparel for women and costume jewelry, thas been incorporated with a capital stock of $5.000 preferred and 1,000 shares at $1 a share, $4,500 being subscribed and $3,500 paid in. Vassar—G. W. Burrington, fifty- year-old local druggist, fought off a thug who beat him over the head with a wrench last Thursday night as he put his car in his garage. Burrington scared the thug away and retained the cash receipts of his store which he carried. Ann Arbor—Thieves carried away virtually the entire stock of women’s wearing apparel, coats, hosiery, gloves, sweaters, etc., of Kline’s, 306 South Main street, Jan. 24. A reward has TRADESMAN been offered for the apprehension of the thieves and the recovery of the stolen goods. Reed City—Harry E. Bohn, formerly on the road for the International Har- vester Co., with headquarters at How- ard City, has opened a Red and White store here, purchasing his stock of Lee & Cady. Harry E. Newcomb will con- duct a meat market on his own account in the same building. Kalamazoo—Harry L. Gernant, who retired from the grocery and meat bus- iness in 1929 to devote his entire at- tention to cultural selfimprovement, has re-entered the business world as man- ager of the new meat department at the Van Dam & Op’t Holt grocery at 1223 North Westnedge avenue. who here Sand Lake—Alfred Giddings, has conducted a general store continuously for the past 63 years, has sold the store building and stock to his grandson, John Merren, who has taken Mr. Giddings, 83 years old, is in good health but because of failing eve sight decided to retire. possession. Hamtramck — Alex Klimsza has merged his roofing and general con- struction and manufacturing of roofing into a stock company under the style of the Klimsza Roofing Co., Inc., with a capital stock of 10,000 shares at $i a share, $10,000 being subscribed and paid in. The business wiil be conducted at 2931 Berres avenue. Fremont—The Smith-Bristol Hard- ware, Inc., successor to the Smith Hardware which was closed as the re- sult of a bad fire last fall, has opened with a new stock in the same building which has been remodeled and equip- ped with modern fixtures, etc. The business will be conducted by Hersel Smith and Ferrahn Bristol, local young business men. Ann Arbor—Fire started in the W. D. McLean grocery, across from the University of Michigan cam- pus, spread to adjoining stores entail- ing a loss of about $70,000. Stores and stock damaged were Warren D. Mc- Lean, groceries and meats, O. D. Mor- rill, office supplies fixture and equip- ment, George Wahr, wholesale and re- tail books, wall paper and stationery. which Kalamazoo—The funeral home of the late Hascall S. Harrington, South Westnedge avenue, has been sold to Charles M. Sumption, for more than five years an assistant in the Har- rington mortuary. The business was established over 40 years ago by George S. Harrington and has been conducted by a member of the Har- rington family always. Mr. Sumption will continue the business under his own name, Flint — Pneumonia complications caused the death of Charles B. Obrecht, 45 years old, Flint druggist, at his home at 125 Stockdale street, late Monday night. Obrecht was in business in Flint for more than twenty years and was one of the partners of the Red Cross Pharmacy on North Saginaw street. Funeral services will be held at 9 a. m. Thusday at St. Michael’s Catholic church. Rt. Rev. Msgr. Patrick R. Dunigan will officiate. Burial will be in New Calvary cemetery. Mr. Obrecht January 31, j leaves his wife and his son, Carl. mother and a brother, Norbert L.. Pontiac. Port Huron—R. A. Turrel, secreta; of the Seventh Congressional Distri Retail Drug Association, announces {! representatives who will administer #3 druggists code in the district. They a: Mervin W. Tomlin, Port Huron, St. Clair county; Turrel for Sani! county; Jack Pitwood, Port Austi; for Huron county; Carl Palmer, Car for Tuscola county; C. B. Sherman. North Branch, for Lapeer county, an Walter Dalby, Mit. Clemens, for Ma- comb county. The board will have au thority to receive complaints of unfair practice, excessive price cutting and dishonest advertising. Detroit—Oscar Levin, 45 years old, died of heart disease Monday at his home, 1654 Virginia Park. Rabbi A. M. Hershman, of Congregation Shaar ey Zedek, officiated at the funeral sery- ice at the home Tuesday. Burial was in Clover Hill Park Cemetery. Mr. Levin was a native of Detroit and was vice president of J. Levin & Sons, tailor trimming supply house. He was graduate of Central High School and the University of Michigan and at one time taught school in the Philippine Islands for the Bureau of Education there. He was a member of Ashlar Lodge, F. & A. M.; the Consistory and Moslem Temple of the Shrine. Detroit—Harry H. Wyatt, who died in his home Sunday after a brief ill- ness of pneumonia, was secretary and treasurer of the Detroit Gray Iron Foundry Co. He was born in Warick. England, and came to this country when he was three years old. He was educated in Omaha, Neb., and moved to Detroit in 1906, when he entered the employ of Parke, Davis & Co. Five years later he became associated with the Security Trust Co. as a public ac- countant and in 1918 he joined the De- troit Gray Iron Foundry Co. in the po- sition which he held until his death. He also was vice president of the De- troit Alloy Steel Co. and was a director in both companies. Manufacturing Matters Detroit—The G. & S. Tool Co., 4091 Beaufait avenue, has been organized to manufacture tools, with a caiptal stock of $5,000, $2,000 of which has been sub- scribed and paid in. Detroit—The Blair Distilling Co. 603 Fox Theatre Bldg., has been organ- ized to manufacture and sell liquor with a capital stock of 200,000 shares at $1 a share, $110,000 being subscribed and paid: in. Detroit—The Solvent Machine Co., 19005 Hillview street, has been organ- ized to manufacture machines and solv- ent compounds, deal in drugs, with a capital stock of 1,000 shares no par value, $1,000 being subscribed and paid in. Detroit — Miller Childcraft, Inc., 10401 Northlawn avenue, has been or- ganized to manufacture and sell glass- ware and food containers, with a cap- ital stock of $10,000 preferred and 100 shares at $1 a share, $1,000, being sub- scribed and paid in, i i | nce ii . TE ee SAMRAT January 31, 1934 Essential Features of the Grocery Staples Sugar — Local jobbers hold cane granulated at 4.80c and beet granu- lated at 4.60c. Tea—The first hands tea market, while not especially active, continues quite firm, The primary markets in In- dia, Ceylon and Java are all much high- er for the week. The undertone is still undiminished as to strength, but spec- ulation in teas has rather lessened, The consumptive demand for tea shows no change and about the usual volume. Coffee—The week started with the market for future Rio and Santos cof- fee, green and in a large way, a little higher. Later the market eased off somewhat on account of financial con- ditions and at the present writing is quiet and shows irregularity. Spot Rio and Santos shows no particular change for the week. The market is inclined to be slightly easy. Milds are slightly lower for the week and the demand is light. The jobbing market on roasted coffee shows slight changes here and there, but no general advance. Con- sumptive demand for coffee is about normal. Canned Fruits — Canned fruits re- mained buoyant throughout the week. There was not a whole lot of buying activity, but apparently some good business was placed during the Chicago conventions, and there is no doubt that brokers and distributors show a more satisfied air regarding the future. Spot foods have either held their own dur- ing the week or have made further gains. Discussion of futures is almost out of the question, until the various commodity codes have been accepted by Washington at least. Canned Vegetables — Very little is being heard from bargain hunters these days. Staples like tomatoes, peas, corn, string beans, etc., are still making headway, and even at current levels stocks available are light, as many packers feel content to hold what they have until later, feeling that apprecia- tion will make it worth while. Canned Fish—There is a better de- mand for salmon than there has been, but still some shading on Alaska pinks, Generally speaking, the approach of the Lenten season has not yet done much for the demand for tinned fish. Tuna fish, both domestic and imported, is on the way upward, Dried Fruits—Dried fruit prices here have been working upward, The climb has not been as steady as it has in California, but advances have been well maintained. This week saw job- bers revising their price lists and again several plus signs have been added. It seems pretty safe to say that all the major dried fruits have done well. Apri- cots, of course, have scored rather spectacular advances, when extra fancy Blenheims went to 17%c on the Coast. Muscat raisins, due to large buying by wine and liquor interests, went up around 4c. Even Thompsons have stif- fened somewhat, probably on news that Washington was likely to take favor- able action on the stabilization and financing plan being worked out in California. New crop Santa Clara prunes have worked higher in some counts, while Oregons seem to be prac- tically cleaned up at the primary mar- MICHIGAN ket and are held only by a few hands here. There seems to be an increase in confidence here, too, as sellers report a better forward interest, which here- tofore was largely lacking. Spot busi- ness has shown a good steady flow, al- though the mild weather was some- what against the market, Beans and Peas—Demand for dried beans has been very poor during the week and prices are about unchanged, but the undertone is soft, Dried peas are also neglected without material change in price. Cheese has had a firm week on ac- count of light receipts, but the de- mand has been nothing extra. Nuts—The market shows to good advantage here. In the shelled nut line, spot business is rather routine, but there has been some good business for future requirements booked, an indica- tion of returning confidence among buyers. It was precisely this lack of confidence about the future which seemed to cripple trade during the past year or two. Foreign markets are all very firm and there is no disposition to shade price ideas for business. The large distributors of nuts in the shell expect to see more activity in the next few weeks, Olives—The olive market was rap- idly reaching a point where price ad- vances were certain. Leading sellers on the local market felt that such in- creases would likely come through some time next week. Replacement costs have continued to strengthen. The demand for spot olives was ac- tive. The result has been a cleaning up of stocks, so that many sizes of queen and stuffed olives were scarce. Some business has been booked for shipment in Spain recently. Olive Oil—The olive oil market con- tinued to rise abroad this week, as stocks of oil available for export in the large producing countries, Italy, Spain and Greece, are reported in relatively light supply. There was not much buying for shipment to this country. Demand here continues fairly good, with stocks light. Rice—The market continues to show improvement, both in the South and in various distributing centers. While business is not particularly impressive by large orders, because of the lack of spculative incentive, there is a satisfac- tory aggregate in small business. This is said to reflect a steady consumption, which is a healthy indication of a strong market. Prices at the mills are being generally lived up to under the watchful eye of the control committee, while rough parity prices are to be boosted 15c. A report from the South, says total rice acreage for next season has been set for 640,000 acres, and an advance as much as 40 per cent. is be- ing talked of. Salt Fish—Demand for mackerel and other salt fish has been good owing to the approach of Lent. Supplies of salt fish are not excessive and this is giv- ing considerable firmness to the situa- tion. Most operators predict an ad- vance in mackerel, especially in the im- ported grades. Syrup and Molasses—Demand for sugar syrup has been fairly good dur- ing the past week without any change TRADESMAN in price, but the tone is firm. The de- mand for compound syrup is rather poor, though better than it was. Prices unchanged. The better grades of mo- lasses are selling moderately, as they usually do at this season, without change in price. Review of the Produce Market Alligator Pears—19c each. Apples—Northern Spy, $1.50 for No. 1; $1.75 for extra fancy; Wagner, $1.15 for No. 1; Delicious, $1.75 per bu. for No. 1 red. Artichokes—Calif., 90c per dozen, 4 doz. in box. Bananas—5%c per Ib. 3utter—Jobbers hold plain wrapped creamery prints at 22c, cartons at 20'%4c and tub butter at 22c. Cabbage—2'%c per Ib. Carrots—S0c per dozen bunches of Calif.; 75c per bushel for home grown. Cauliflower—$1.40 per crate for Cal- ifornia. Celery—20@40c per dozen bunches. Celery Cabbage—50c per doz. Cocoanuts—90c per doz. or $5.50 per bag. Cranberries — Late Howes Cape Cod, $2.50 per 25 Ib. box. Cucumbers—No. 1 Florida, $1.75 per dozen. Dried Beans — Michigan Jobbers pay as follows for hand picked at ship- ping stations: GEL EP) from farmer $2.35 Light Red Kidney from farmer__ 4.00 Dark Red Kidney from farmer_. 4.25 tian Ceanheyey. 4.50 Eggs—Jobbers pay llc per 1b. for mixed eggs and 12c per Ib. for heavy white eggs. They sell as follows: from Faney frech wiite 25c Cece fest 22c Candled, large pullets___.__.._______ 19c Storage eggs are exhausted. Grape Fruit—Texas and Florida are held as follows: Texas Florida 640 ee $3.75 $3.00 20) 3.75 3.00 SO 3.75 3.00 OG 3.75 3.00 Green Beans — $2.75 per hamper for Louisiana grown. Green Onions — Shalots, 40c per dozen for Louisiana. Green Peas — $4 per hamper of 30 Ibs. for Calif. grown. Green Peppers — California, 40@50c per dozen. Hubbard Squash—2c per Ib. Lemons—The price is as follows: Ce eee $5.75 O00) Sunkist.) 6.50 wane... 5.00 hea Mal 6.00 Limes—25c per dozen. Lettuce — In good demand on the following basis: California, 4s and 5s, crate______ $3.50 Deat bot house.) 28 .90 Mushrooms—29c per one lb. carton. Onions—Home grown, $1.25 per bu. for Yellow and $1.40 for White. Oranges—Fancy Sunkist California Navels are now sold as follows: a. $3.25 oe. 3.25 oe 3.75 7 4.25 a ee 4.25 es 4.25 LLL 4.25 Red Ball, 50c per box less. Parsley—30c per doz. for hot house. Pomegranates —60c per dozen for Calif. Potatoes — $1.15 per bu.; $2.35 per 100 Ib. bag. Poultry—Wilson & Company pay as follows: Idahos, Fleauy Howls.) 3) 10c Lit fouls. C 8c Pee 8c Tie 14 Cae lr 7c Radishes — 40c dozen bunches hot house. Rhubarb—Hot house, 45c for five 1b. carton, Spinach—85c per bushel for Texas grown. Strawberries—Florida, 17c per pint. Sweet Potatoes — Jerseys from In- diana, $1.90 per bu. Tangerines — $2.25 per bu. Tomatoes—Repacked Mexican, $1.15 for 10 Ib. carton. Turnips—75c per bushel. Veal Calves — Wilson & Company pay as follows: aoe 6 @8&c Coe 5 @/7c Vegetable Oysters—30c per doz. Wax Beans — $3.25 per hamper for Louisiana grown. 2-2 Push Glass Dinner Ware Plans for promoting the sale of glass dinner ware to compete with low-end domestic china and earthenware have met with considerable success this month. Glass dishes for tea, luncheon and bridge sets were exhibited at the trade’s show in Pittsburgh two weeks ago and the response from buyers was good. Pressed glass sets, similar to those now being offered, enjoyed a considerable vogue two years ago. 2.22 ____ Pertinent Question Ithaca, Jan. 29—Next week myself and wife will be on our way to Florida to spend the month. In these small towns that depend upon the farmer trade the month will be very quiet. The tax on cotton, corn, hogs and milk has done them much harm. With condi- tions as they are, how can the farmers repay the loans to the Government and will not the Government have to take over the farms in the end with the farmer to run them at the dictation of someone who knows nothing about farming? Henry McCormack. —#_~+~--___ Detroit Instead of Saginaw Detroit, Jan. 30.—I note in your let- ter that you are under the impression that the Beet Sugar week, about which Mr. Mowat wrote you under date of Jan. 26 is to be held in Saginaw. This is an error. Beet Sugar week is to be held in Detroit from Feb. 19 to 24, I. E. Van Emster, Secretary to Mr. Mowat. —_2--__ When we go to a lot of trouble for nothing it probably is because we tack- led the job in a spirit of going to a lot of trouble for nothing. —_~+~-~~-___ Looking for success before it is earned is much like being at a station to meet a train days before it is due to arrive. —_~+-.____ Maybe automobiles have gotten us into a bad way of thinking that we can sit and still get to our destination. -———_o2>__. Those who talk grandly of taking life as it comes usually do that only so long as it comes pleasantly, MUTUAL INSURANCE (Fire and Life) Specialized Education in Modern Fire Fighting In our department we have found that if we are to extinguish fire effi- ciently in the residential district with the few men we have on first alarm fires, it is necessary to give our men specialized education in modern fire fighting and first aid. Frequent true and false tests, and the more searching exams held every three months keep our officers and men alike on their toes, and eliminate the “let George do it” spirit. I think the results have proven beyond any doubt what constant schooling and drilling will do for fire department efficiency. Each of our men has his specific duties to perform from arrival at the fire until the pickup order. To me, knowing what to do at a fire is of more importance than merely getting there and laying in. The captain of each en- gine company is the only man who goes in without a line of hose or a working tool. He or the chief makes the sizeup, and determines the course of action. If the officer in charge wants some tool not already taken in by a fireman, he gets it by signals. Each tool and device has its own par- ticular signal, from attic ladders to gas masks, We found that we get better results by signalling for tools, rather than by yelling for them. For one thing, the sidewalk critics cannot change the order by shouting some wisecrack; also, a system of signals acquaints the men with every piece of equipment in the department, and its place on the truck carries it. All our small tools (attic ladder, axe, bar, shingle remover, brooms, mop, bucket) are placed to the right of the front entrance to the building. This eliminates all searching for tools: everyone knows that they will be by the door or on the truck. Naturally we save a lot of time this way, and in wet weather we don’t track up the house unnecessarily. We lay from plug to fire, using 1%4- inch hose through our pumps. This enables us, with our average plug pres- sure of 85 pounds, to get two 1%4-inch lines and one of 34-inch line backed up with a 2%-inch line, into service very quickly, with the regular crew of eight men. The pipeman in with the first line of 114-inch has a 34-inch tip on the nozzle and a %-inch line (on the out- side) has a 34-inch nozzle tip, and the pipeman there has a 14-inch tip in his pocket. The engine driver flakes off a 2%-inch line with a nozzle attached ready for use. By using our chemical line and siameses, we can get six lines from either of our engines—four 114- inch lines, one 2!4-inch line, and one 34-inch line. Then we can split either 1%-inch line into two 34-inch lines— one sure way of keeping down the water losses. To cut a hole from the top floor into the attic, our men are trained to go into a clothes closet. Its contents are placed on a bed and covered with a sal- vage cover, and a 6 by 6 roof cover is MICHIGAN placed on the floor of the room, so that plaster will not be trampled into the floor. Cutting the hole in the closet ceiling, of course, keeps all of the brok- en plaster and lath in a confined space, and does not make it necessary to re- paper the whole bedroom ceiling, We cut our holes with a Spillane pike pole, from joist to joist, 24 inches long, on the highest slope side of the ceiling. Before leaving a home, we sweep and mop up, making the house as spic and span as possible. If the roof has been opened, we cover the hole with roof covers to keep out. the elements until it has been repaired. Our small tools will be by the front door, and we can put them back on the apparatus with a minimum loss of time, which is very important, of course. When the appa- ratus is back in service at the station, we talk out any mistakes that were made. It has been found that this sys- tem prevents the same mistakes the next time. At our drill tower, we give instruc- tions on the following phases of resi- dential fires; ventilation; use of small lines; partition fires; salvage; first aid (artificial respiration and_ inhalator, treatment for scalds, burns, cuts and bruises); rescue from upper floors; cut- ting holes in walls, to locate fire, with the least damage possible; use of ex- tinguishers in residences; overhauling. In actually fighting fires, we follow our instruction closely. A one-man evo- lution at the tower or school stays a one-man evolution at a fire—Chief T. P. Treadwell, Fort Collins, Colo. —__o~~- + Insurance As An Antidote For Depres- sion The saturation point of insurance is unknown. The amount of insurance which economically could be absorbed by the American people has never been estimated by actuaries. It may be classified as a purely metaphysical con- cept and beyond all reasonable hope of attainment. To even try for it would probably be as futile as the search for the illusory Holy Grail of antiquity. But like the search for the Grail it real- ly is a worth-while search, a search which inspires courage, stimulates ini- tiative and quickens imagination. There is, after all, nothing more invigorating than the quest for the seemingly unob- tainable. It has been this kind of striving which has been the actuating force of human progress since the dawn of history. And so a fully insured world is an ideal worth cherishing., We do know that so far insurance has only scratched the surface of the almost unlimited field of possibilities and I am positive that the future holds in store for it a development unparal- leled in the history of human enter- prise. There is no practical need to try to hold the saturation point as a goal. We can confine ourselves to meeting the more obvious insurance require- ments of the people as yet unfilled. The speed and efficiency with which insurance forges ahead constitute the outstanding challenge to those engaged in the business to-day. If their vision is faulty and their step is halting the forward movement will be retarded. If they see ahead clearly and press on- ward without fear, their service to so- ciety will be an imperishable monu- ment to their integrity of purpose and TRADESMAN their personal rewards will be ample for every need. The institution of insurance indeed is face to face to-day with its greatest opportunity. There never was a better chance for it to prove its mettle. Dur- ing the economic depression it has maintained its stability and solvency better perhaps than any other private enterprise and certainly better than some governments. Its failures have been negligible in comparison with its commitments. It has demonstrated that the fundamental insurance prin- ciple of saving to-day for protection to-morrow has not crumbled when tested in the crucible of economic vio- lence. It has established itself as a dominant social and economic force by its so far successful defense of itself and of those who have put their trust in it against the, at times, almost over- whelming incoming tide of financial disaster. This record constitutes the great op- portunity of the institution of insur- ance. The stage is set for it to reap the benefit of these outstanding achievements, not for selfish reasons but for the primary purpose of promot- ing public welfare. It is in this field that the future of insurance lies. It is in this field that it best can demon- strate that it is indispensable to human progress. People are seeking safety and security. People are looking for a chance to adequately protect their property and persons against the eco- nomic consequences of uncertanities. The institution of insurance to-day meets these demands. If it is permitted to continue its course unimpeded by WE HAVE WE AIM WE DO 320 Houseman Building FOR MORE THAN 24 YEARS Saved our members from 25 to 40% on their Insurance premium. To adjust all losses satisfactory to the assured. Pay all claims promptly upon receipt of proof. THE GRAND RAPIDS MERCHANTS MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY affiliated with the THE MICHIGAN RETAIL DRY GOODS ASSOCIATION January 31, 1934 excessive political regulation and con- trol it always can meet these demands. The accomplishments of insurance in the present depression constiutute a most interesting study. I think it has done more to ameliorate conditions than any other private enterprise. Its future as a depression antidote is al- The problem of the business to-day is to impress upon the most boundless. people the efficiency of this non-politi- cal agency at their command. Henry Swift Ives. —_>--> Fire Spreads To Attic The master mechanic discovered a fire which had started in his office on the second floor of the machine shop. The cause is unknown, but smoking is a possibility. Two sprinklers in the office opened, and employes used soda- acid extinguishers and pails of water. Thick smoke hid the fire, but in ten minutes it appeared to be out, so the men shut off the sprinklers. Re-entering the building they found that fire had spread into the joisted attic and was still burning there. The water was turned on again promptly and the fire pump was started to help supply the twenty sprinklers which meanwhile had opened in the attic. The public alarm was sounded, bringing the fire department pumper which took suction from the mill pond and fur- nished two streams. Mill employes laid another hose line from a nearby hyd- rant. Because the sprinklers were on an old sub-standard piping schedule and because the distribution of water was further obstructed by storage sprinklers could not extinguish the fire Grand Rapids, Michigan e, OUR FIRE INSURANCE POLICIES ARE CONCURRENT with any standard stock policies that you are buying No interruption in dividend payments to policy holders since organization Michigan Bankers and Merchants Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Fremont, Michigan WILLIAM N. SENF, Secretary-Treasurer cope SR mca i j 4 1 i 5 Pntaneneee enna cseniee wae = January 31, 1934 completely, though they held it in check while holes were cut in the roof and hose streams used effectively. The damage was about $500. This fire is another example of the need of keeping watch in adjoining rooms or floors to make sure that fire does not spread into these nearby areas. This is a good example of a fire de- partment pumper taking suction from a mill pond to supplement the private supplies. —_+++»___ Do Not Put Water on Aluminum Chips A fire broke out in a small pile of piston borings, and spread to another pile nearby containing about 8 tons of the borings, which consisted of alumi- num chips and containing about a half of one per cent. of magnesium. The fire department was called, and in the meantime the factory employes tried soda and acid extinguishers and hose streams on the blaze, with the result that the piles were burning strongly on the arrival of the depart- ment. The officer in charge ordered a large hose stream directed on the top of the pile. As soon as the stream hit the hot part of the pile a flareup resulted, burning several of the fac- tory employes, cracking wire glass windows, and bending the sashes, The fire was finally extinguished with large quantities of sand. Water should not be used on fires in aluminum chips. Alumium, when heated, breaks up water into its ele- ments absorbing the oxygen and free- ing the hydrogen, which burns inten- sely and is explosive, sand or some dry extinguishing material should be used. The officer in charge of the fire should have inquired about the material, and seeing that water was making the fire worse should not have brought the big line into play. —_++.___ Cleaned Up Two Danger Spots Chief J. R. Pence, out in Stillwater, Oklahoma, figured out a fine way to get old paper cleared out of the attics and cellars in his community. He offer- ed a free ride on a fire truck to every girl and boy who brought in a bundle of old papers. Do you know that offer brought in nearly five tons of paper! About 350 boys and girls got rides, short ones of couse, but with the sirens going wide open and bells ringing. This one idea not only resulted in a general cleaning up of those two danger spots, the cellars and the attics, but it also made a lot of friends for the fire department in Stillwater. In the years to come the ones who went riding will think of the firemen as their friends—and that’s selling the fire de- partment. As for the expense of run- ning the trucks, I believe that you can sell the paper for enough to buy the gasoline, and even if you give it away and don’t get a cent, you’re still way ahead. Try it sometime. Chief Pence used the idea for Fire Prevention Week but you don’t have to wait that long. ——_+-+___ Unsuspected Fire Causes Two recent fires show how ordinary repair work sometimes introduces fire hazards. In one case workmen were repairing control valves on a hydralic baling machine. A heavy flange which held packing in place was being re- MICHIGAN moved. With only a few bolt threads holding the flange, back pressure sud- denly forced it off, and oil was thrown out onto an electrically heated radiator, The oil quickly vaporized and flashed into flame. Fifty sprinklers opened and extinguished the fire, but the loss was nearly $600. In the other case, while the shop electrician was attempting to repair an oil switch, a short circuit occurred, and a spark fell into a tank of varnish at a cambric ventilating process. Employes handled the fire well, but it caused damage estimated at nearly $300. The oil switch in this location was safe dur- ing normal operation but not when it was opened for repairs while alive. These unforeseen accidents during apparently safe repair work show that the possibility of fire needs always to be considered and guarded against— —_2->___ Death of E. P. Daggett, the Coopers- ville Canner Coopersville, Jan. 29—E. P. Daggett, president of the Daggett Canning Co., of Coopersville, and widely known fruit and vegetable packer, died unxpectedly Sunday afternoon at his home here. He was 67 years old. Moving here from Hart more than twenty years ago, Mr. Daggett found- ed the canning company bearing his name and built up a large business in Michigan canned foods. Later the cor- poration affiliated with the Thomas Canning Co. of Grand Rapids and Mr. Daggett became general manager of the Thomas-Daggett Canning Co. Upon the dissolution of this compa- ny, Mr. Daggett returned to Coopers- ville and organized the present com- pany with local and Grand Rapids cap- ital. It took over the local plant and equipment. Mr. Daggett gained his start in the food packing industry while in the em- ploy of the Hart branch of W. R. Roach & Co., of Grand Rapids. He is survived by his widow, a son, Edward, of Coopersville, and a daugh- ter, Mrs. Russell VanMeter, of Lan- sing, In the death of Mr. Daggett, Coop- ersville loses a good citizen, and the canning industry of Michigan loses one of its most experienced and painstak- ing canners. Mr. Daggett was not a man who made many friends, but those who be- came his friends were steadfas: to the end, because he possessed certain ad- mirable attributes which enabled him to bind his friends to him with bands of steel. —_+++—___ Merchant Uses Recipes One of the best ways to build up in- terest of the housewife and increase business for the retail grocery stores is to diplay recipes in the store, accord- ing to Facts and Figures, bulletin of the National-American Wholesale Gro- cers Association. A group of. stores has tried this out, it is stated, and found it very successful. Recipes from various women’s magazines and the daily newspapers are carried in the stores, sometimes as window posters and others in connection with the dis- play advertising in magazines, which are cut out and shown with the prod- ucts. Phone 89574 John L. Lynch Sales Co. SPECIAL SALE EXPERTS Expert Advertising Expert Merchandising 209-210-211 Murray Bldg. Grand Rapids, Michigan TRADESMAN wha Men and Women — & & What is it men and women both despise, Yet each and all of them so dearly prize; Which never was for sale, yet every day The poorest beggar can the best display; Which Kings possess not, yet full sure am I For this great luxury they often sigh, Which never bride did own, yet woe the day When bride without one dared to go away; Which oft we give away yet long to keep, And oftentimes we toast, but never eat; A thing most needful to the growing corn, Which weary husbandmen would never scorn; The very thing to take to a sickroom, And coming silent as Spring’s early bloom; A little thing oft wet with mother’s tears; A great, soft, yielding thing that no one fears; A thing so holy that we strive to wear Sacredly hidden from the world’s rude stare? & & AFTER THE ARSONISTS , Annual reports of state fire marshals which are now appearing disclose in Several states a considerable number of arson convictions during 1933. This does not necessarily indicate that arson is increasing, although fire insurance companies had complained during 1931, 1932 and the early part of 1933 that many dwellings burned under very sus- picious circumstances. These fire mar- shal reports indicate rather increased activity in investigating suspicious fires, more determined prosecution of those charged with arson, and a changéd at- titude on the part of the public téward this crimie. “Phese are all hopefut signs. For many years arson received but little attention in some of the states unless the burning of property resulted in loss of life or in pecuniary loss to an owner who was not protected by ~ insurance. If an owner burned his own property it often was regarded as his own affair, and the fact that he sought to defraud an insurance company cre- ated little public interest. Il’nder these conditions a peace officer gained no glory by making an arrest, if, indeed, he escaped incurring public disapprov- al. Prosecuting officers handled cases of this class with little hope of success as the laws in some states made con- Viction almost impossible and, even if the evidence was strong, the jury often pitied the accused person as one who had been unsuccessful in disposing of his property to an insurance company, or as one who was being hounded by an insurance company seeking to es- cape payment of a loss. Some thirty years ago a number of States awoke to the seriousness of ar- son and enacted fire marshal laws, in many instances taxing the fire insur-" ance companies for support of the new office. The state fire marshals took up their work vigorously. Some notorious gangs of firebugs were broken up, some of their members being sent to prison and others driven into other states. This compelled additional states to en- act fire marshal laws in self-defense. Local peace officers increased their efforts to run down those responsible for suspicious fires. Public opinion changed and prosecuting officers were able to get more convictions when the evidence was strong, but many of them were still handicapped by antiquated arson laws. , A few years ago a “model” arson law was drafted, and now a majority of the states have enacted this law or similar ones, making it a crime not only to burn the property of another but to burn one’s own property with intent to defraud an insurance com- pany, and even to prepare the “set-up” for an incendiary fire. Under these laws officers are not obliged to wait until property is actually burned in ofder to secure necessary evidence. ‘Now the police departments in many cities have special arson squads. The National Board of Fire Underwriters has largely increased the number of its special agents who co-operate with ppblic officers in investigating suspi- cious fires. The public has come to realize more fully that he who burns property is an enemy of society, en- dangering human life and other prop- erty and throwing upon the public the ~- MICHIGAN burden of paying for the property de- stroyed through the medium of the in- surance companies.—N, Y. Journal of Commerce. COSTS AND PRICES Probably the chief problem just now with industry and trade is the question of costs and prices. The Recovery Ad- ministration does not seem to have set- tled yet just what is permitted under the codes. The chief administrator, for instance, flays monopoly but at the same time believes that enforcement “of the antitrust laws would mean the end of ‘NRA. _ The general counsel, on the other hand, emphasizes that the provisions of these laws are “in full force and effect.” He specifically points out that the NRA does not mean “that, under the protections of a code, industrial groups can organize and then, without regard to the requirements of the code, .proceed to fix prices, or to carry out other operations in restraint of trade, free from the penalties of the anti-trust laws.” Outside of frank price fixing, indus- try has been struggling to arrive at some practical way of fixing up cost schedules. Some are for making the basis the highest costs, some the low- est, others the average, a few the so- called “statistical mode,” which is a plotted average, and many are for real costs worked out upon a uniform sys- tem. The last named is, of course, the only proper and legal method. Neverthe- less, those with long experience in such matters believe the task of getting thousands of producers to use such systems is hopeless. A _ suggestion made is that minimum prices be de- clared after figuring out costs upon a standard method and then looking into all cases where these quotations were lowered. BUYING POWER AFFECTED It is understood that the original re- covery plan embraced only the previ- sion for a national minimum wage law and that Washington was persuaded against this, for reasons that are appar- ent, by the labor organizations. As the program proceeds, however, it grows evident that adoption of the first plan might ‘in many ways have been prefer- able. When doubts are raised over the ability .of private enterprise to take over the burden of employing millions who are idle, those fears arise because of rapidly mounting and unbalanced prices. Manufacturers. have been per- mitted to combine upon plans, and their principal aim in many cases has been to lift prices and and secure larg- er profits. Higher prices mean restricted mar- kets. At the same time, wages have a tendency to fall away toward the mini- mums. There is, then, a temporary spurt brought about by the abolition of substandard wage payments, but a reaction later as Wage averages are driven down. This gain and final loss in purchasing power might be over- come if prices pursued the same course, but at present it would appear as though there were entirely too many artificial restrictions raised toward such an easing in values. TRADESMAN To meet debt service a higher price level is not only to be encouraged but is necessary. On the other hand, if the wage increment in these price drops and profits increase, then the maldis- tribution of income which brought about the 1929 collapse is more than likely to cause havoc again. TAKING OVER WORK More than the usual questioning was heard during the week regarding the state of business and the outlook. The thought most frequently emphasized was whether the recovery program is actually making progress and whether private enterprise may prove success- ful in taking over the activities which government funds have started up. That there is definite and factual evi- dence of better business goes without saying. That this upturn is sound de- pends largely, of course, upon whether the “priming of the industrial pump” is sufficient to keep up the flow. For a correct understanding of what is going on it is merely necessary to visualize the government as the entre- preneur in place of private capital. Some one had to spend money in or- der to furnish employment and_ the government finally had to step in. The bill for this work was bluntly announced recently and did not seem to cause undue concern except in a few quarters. The first financing and re- funding under this program was car- ried out in the week with subscriptions running five times the billion dollars asked. The public apparently is not worried over its credit. Whether private enterprise, however, within the near future can start in to take over what the governmen is doing is still not altogether clear. World- wide recovery is favorable to such a development, and yet, on the other hand, there are domestic problems which seem to present major difficul- ties. GOLD QUESTION UPPERMOST Discussion of the gold revaluation bill, which is expected to be in the hands of the President this week, was the principal feature of interest last week, along with increasing agitation of certain features of the NRA and concern over what curtailment of the CWA may mean to business. However, there has been sufficient progress made in trade and industry to take some at- tention off Washington and direct it more at individual problems. For the time being there is some in- dication of marking time. This is re- flected in the see-saw of the business index. The latest week shows an up- turn, although two of the most im- portant series—steel activity and elec- tric power production—are lower, Outside of the upward trend in wholesale merchandise lines, which are running between 20 and 25 per cent. ahead of a year ago, both building con- struction and automobile manufacture offer highly favorable prospects, Build- ing keeps jumping ahead and the auto- mobile producers are looking for ex- ceptional gains. This means that steel operations will not lag for very long. Speculative commodities in the week gave a rather spotty performance after their recent rise. The declines about offset the advances. In a larger list of commodities the upward tendency was January 31, 1934 still in evidence, although the advance has become less marked. DRY GOODS CONDITIONS Some easing in trade is noted here, although previous levels are fairly well maintained. From other sections of the country reports told of continued good progress, with exceptional results in many cases. Curtailment of CWA payments, however, is having an ad- verse effect, according to retailers. Estimates made here are that Janu- ary sales will run from 7 to 10 per cent. ahead of the same month last year on the average. The leading re- tailers’ organization figures country- wide gains of from 9 to 35 per cent. An increase of 25 per cent. for the quarter is predicted. This pick-up in consumer buying, following upon excellent holiday totals. is leading the stores to change promo- tion tactics. The emphasis is in process of being switched from price to assort- ments and quality. New articles and designs are more eagerly sought in the markets. In the wholesale merchandise mar- kets there is further activity, This con- tinues to lean toward the conservative in spite of excellent consumer response. The chances are that retailers do not wish to bid up prices on themselves by overexpanded buying. Nevertheless. the firming tendency in prices, previ- ously noted, has become more marked in many lines. acerca tas EARLY EASTER SEEN With an early Easter this year, store buyers are more than ever convinced that they will have an exceptionally good season for suits. A number of them state that the tailored suit, once an essential part of every woman’s wardrobe, is staging a very definite comeback. This, they believe, indicates that greater emphasis will be placed upon staple women’s wear numbers. An interesting feature of the re- newed interest in suits has been the development of the printed challis as a blouse fabric. This fabric in neat, tail- ored designs of the tie silk variety, is being used for blouses styled to com- plement tweed and homespun suits for the spring season. For more formal wear, a number of novelty weaves are proving interest- ing. The so-called rustic weaves are being used for some interesting ver- sions of better suits. Rabbit hair nov- elties are also being high-lighted for models in the higher price ranges. Some firms believe that there will also be considerable volume in sheer wool numbers for spectator sports wear. QOut-of-town buyers, however, are more enthusiastic about these than are the ones for New York stores. —_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_——— Talking about doing a thing sounds so much like actually doing it that we fool ourselves into thinking that it is done by merely talking about doing it. Car owners areoffered a new home battery charger which gives overnight boosts to weak batteries. It plugs into a small outlet attached under the dash. arenas Wire rope users are offered a new socket having only three parts—socket, sleeve and plug. It is quickly attach- able, without flame or hot metal. Lm ureaeneeeenaiy January 31, 1934 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 9 OUT AROUND Things Seen and Heard on a Week End Trip E. B. Stebbins recently wrote me from Lakeview as follows: “Evidently the new chain store tax law needs some interpretation. Does a chain mean more than one store of a kind or one or more of different kinds? The local undertaker also has a public garage. He has received blanks for li- cense under the chain store tax law.” I thought our correspondent must be mistaken because the chain store 1i- cense tax is tied up by injunction and no tax can be levied until we get a fina decision by the United State Supreme Court—probably a year or two hence. I learned later that I was mistaken, be- cause the injunction applies only to the large chain organizations which have put up bonds in sufficient amount to make good if the final decision goes against them, as I have every reason to believe it will, Appeal to the Secretary of State resulted in the following ex- planation: Lansing, Jan. 24— Your letter of Jan. 20 in regard to the chain store law received. The definition of Chain Store is as follows: “The term ‘branch or branch store,’ as used in this act shall be construed to mean and include any store or stores, or any mercantile establishment or establishments in excess of one which are owned, operated, maintained or controlled by the same person, firm, corporation, copartnership or associa- tion, either domestic or foreign, in which goods, wares or merchandise of any kind are sold at retail.” It is apparent from this definition that it does not make any difference what businesses the owner of more than one store is in. He might own a drug store one place and a grocery store at another and still have to pay the chain store license fee as the owner of two stores selling merchandise at retail. You are mistaken in advising the party who inquired as to the chain store law that the enforcement of this law was tied up by injunction and that no tax can be levied until final decision of the United States Supreme Court. There are over four hundred chain store organizations already licensed under the law and every effort is be- ing made to make all owners of more than one store who are not parties to the test case comply with the law. A great number of applications are com- ing in every day. A thorough check has been made with records of the sales tax administraton and a complete list of all owners of more than one store has been made and everyone has been notified that they must comply with the law right away or action will be taken to compel them to do so. H. BE. ile. Chain Store Division. A Detroit correspondent writes me as follows: The State Supreme Court is shortly to pass upon the constitutionality of the chain store tax measure, and upon rules of the Sales Tax Board which have denied exemptions to manufac- tured articles and farm supplies. With the posting of a $700,000 bond, and filing of an amended bill, Circuit Judge Robert M. Thoms has granted permission to the chain store organiza- tions to appeal from his recent finding upholding the constitutionality of the chain store license fee, and has contni- ued his injunction restraining collec- tion. More than half a hundred litigants and chain store units numbering close to 3,000 are involved in this suit through having intervened in the ac- tion brought by C. F. Smith Co., of Detroit. Former Judge Robert S. Marx, of Cincinnati, representing the Kroger Baking Co. and other clients, and Attorney Aaron Fellman, for the Smith Co., head the legal forces. At the same time it became known that an appeal is being taken by Assis- tant Attorney General M. Thomas Ward from the ruling by Circuit Judge Guy A. Miller denying Ward’s motion to dismiss an action brought by Attor- ney Raymond H. Berry, on behalf of Detroit manufacturers, challenging sales tax Board regulations applying the sales tax to manufactured products. The merits have not been gone into in this case. After a still hunt for three months for subscriptions of stock to the new bank to succeed the Home Security in- stitution, Howard Lawrence authorizes the announcement that the $325,000 has been secured and that the new Central bank will open its doors for business as soon as the necessary preliminaries can be arrenged with the Michigan banking department. The bank will be alligned with the Federal banking system and its deposits will be insured. Mr. Law- rence was appointed custodian of the Home bank in the belief that the insti- tution was a total wreck and that his title would shortly be changed to re- ceiver. Instead of carrying out this plan, Mr. Lawrence decided that the bank possessed inherent strength along lines that justified its re-organization and he proceeded on that theory, thus saving the depositors from loss and possibly the stockholders from an as- No trust of this kind has been handled more advantageously for and Mr. Lawrence is now in line for the presidency of a ten million dollar bank. sessment, all concerned attendance which show The remarkable marked the last and the week before last week indicates very clearly that the buying capacity of the people is here again and that praiseworthy entertainments will be accorded the patronage they deserve from now on. auto shrine circus It is exceedingly unfortunate, in my opinion, that Green Pastures was not booked for a hall of large proportions like the civic auditorium, instead of a comparatively small theater. The pre- sentation is of such a character that it should be given to the largest number of people possible at the lowest prices. Two dollars and seventy-five cents is more than should be charged to secure an advantageous seat. The play could be presented in the civic auditorium on a $2, $1.50 and $1 would enable practically every one in schedule, which the city who wishes to see the spec- tacle to do so. I think the manage- ment of the affair should be vested in Dr. Fifield, who has recently devel- oped a remarkable ability along that line and made a marked success of every undertaking in the entertainment field he has espoused and managed. I don’t know how much Dr. Fifield had to do in securing the Presidency of Olivet college for Joseph Brewer, Jr, but I do know that he favored the plan and did all he could, as a trustee of the college, to bring it about. From what I hear about the young man and his broadening vision and catholic view of life I do not think the East end preach- er will ever have occasion to regret his Mr. Brewer has done quite a few things for a man thirty-five years activities, old and from all I can learn he has done them all well. Olivet has needed the injection of young blood and mod- ern educational ideas for some time. It now has an opportunity to properly respond to the new environment. If the youthful president makes the rec- ord we all hope to see him achieve he will soon be called to the position of executive head of one of the great uni- versities. A nearby correspondent writes me as follows: “I hope you turned in all of your gold and gold certificates before the The milestone in present penalty went into force. present is, no doubt, a monetary history. Gold has ceased to be money, and becomes a commodity representative of wealth, although over fifty per cent. is fiat. You know we were told that back of every dollar of currency was a dollar of gold, so this made it worth a hundred cents. We did not understand that most of the gold dollar was fiat. The Direct Cred- its monetary plan puts the entire Na- tional wealth back of every dollar. which makes it a far better secured dol- lar. The President’s plan is a step in the direction of the plan of Alfred Law- son, of Detroit, which I believe will eventually be adopted by this Nation.” I had no gold in my possession when Uncle Sam invited his subjects to walk up and exchange his gold for green- backs, and I don’t happen to know much about gold except that since the civil war every bond put out by the Government has contained a provision that it is payable in gold. Now Con- gress steps in and nullifies that para- graph, I do not like the idea of Uncle Sam repudiating his agreement in that manner and I do not think the United States Supreme Court will fail to place the seal of disapproval on such a wick- ed and unfair transaction. A contract 19 4 contract. No government can vio- late a solemn agreement without suf- fering in the estimation of the world. I gave place last week to a news item from Menominee. describing the disadvantage that city is laboring un- der because the sales tax which pur- chasers of merchandise in Menominee are compelled to pay, while just across the river in Marinette, Wis., no sales tax Is in existence. At the same time [ passed on the complaint to James E. Mogan, managing director of the State Board of Tax Administration, at Lan- sing, enquiring if he has any reason- able solution of the situation. Mr. Mo- gan’s reply, under date of Jan. 25, is as follows: “The Menominee situation is not the Fest in the world for the local retail- ers, but I believe they are disregard- ing many of the advantages that they are receiving as a result of the sales tax. Mr. House, whose home is in Menominee county, is arranging to be there this week-end and will try to give them a gradley, Speaker of the better understanding of the sales tax it and its advanteges '« the people of Menominee county.” L. D. Puff, the Fremont hardware dealer, has retired from the position of State Bank, after serving thirty years. His vice-president of the Fremont successor is Harry D. Reber, who has long been engaged in general trade at Fremont. Cornelius Gerber was chosen chair- Old State bank of Fremont at the annual meet- ing Jan. 11, succeeding his brother, iE Andrew man of the board of the died recently. Herman Schuiteman, a cashier of the Gerber, who bank, was elected a member of the board of directors to succeed Mr. Ger- ber. Saginaw, Jan, 26—Because of your very fine interest in the local industry, I am sure that you will be glad to know that we are now actively engaged in making plans for a Michigan Made Beet Sugar Week, which we are going to hold in this city, the week of Feb. 19 to 24, inclusive. We are enlisting the aid of all of our large department stores and merchants of every charac- ter, newspapers, broadcasting stations and, in fact, everyone whom we can interest in joining with us. So far, the response we have had from everyone contacted is very encouraging and I think that we can safely say that the city of Detroit will be made beet sugar conscious, not only from the stand- point of the quality of the product, but what the industry means to the city and State, from an economic stand- point. Searle Mowat, Farmers and Manufacturers Beet Sugar Association. I seldom receive a letter which con- tains more solid sense in a few lines than the following letter from a town about fifty miles from Grand Rapids: “I sold my business in June, 1927, but I thought so much of your paper that I still look for it and read it with as much interest as ever. “In June it will be seven years since I sold out or was put out of business by the chain stores and | wish you could see the town now, in comparison to the town it was when I came here in 1904. Our factories are practically all closed and nobody has any money to do anything with, “The money element has us by the throat and unless the people wake up soon ot the fact that the 2 cents they save on a twenty-five cent article at the chain store is costing them their farms and homes by throwing people out of work and selling farm produce for one half what it costs to produce it, hell and chaos are just ahead of us.” “I know the Tradesman is doing more along this line than any other paper I know of and wish the articles in your paper could be read by the farmer and consumer,” Federal censorship of advertising in any pure food and drug bill that may be given serious consideration by Con- gress will be opposed by organized in- dustry. The United States Chamber of Commerce while approving legisla- tion requiring truthfulness in advertis- ing foods, drugs and cosmetics, never- theless contends that Government supervision of advertising in any form (Continued on page 23) 10 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN January 31, 1934 _ FINANCIAL Comprehensive Survey of National In- come A new series of basic estimates of the national income, the most detailed and complete ever compiled, have just been submitted to the U.S. Senate by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce after more than a year of intensive research. The study was un- dertaken in response to a Senate Reso- lution, and was prepared with the ac- tive co-operation of the National Bu- reau of Economic Research, Inc. The full report, which presents over two hundred tables giving details of the form of payment and the industrial sources of income for each of the years 1929 to 1932, is in the Senate Finance Committee, and may be printed for distribution as a Senate Document at an early date. It should be noted in using the fig- ures below that they do not include imputed items, casual or illegal in- come, and that the 1932 figures are preliminary and all figures subject to slight modification later. Individuals Received $49,000,000,000 in 1932 The total income distributed to indi- viduals throughout the nation was 81.0 billion dollars in 1929; 75.4 billion in 1930; 63.3 billion in 1931; and 49.0 bil- lion in 1932, a decline of 40 per cent. from 1929. Income produced in each of these years amounted to 83.0, 70.5, 54.7, and 38.3 billion dollars, respec- tively, with the decline from 1929 to 1932 amounting to 54 per cent. The in- come distributed by industries in 1929 was less than that produced to the ex- tent of 2.0 billion dollars, this amount being retained by corporate and indi- vidual enterprises. In the following years, however, the amount distributed exceeded the amount produced, a draft being made upon previously accumu- lated surpluses and assets; such with- drawal of income exceeded income pro- duced in 1932 by 10.6 billion dollars. The study indicates that labor in- come amounted to about 53 billion dol- lars in 1929 (more than the total in- come in 1932), accounting for 65 per cent. of the total income distributed. Property income and entrepeneurial in- come in the same year each amounted to slightly over 12 billion dollars, or 15 per cent. of the total, while net rents made up the remaining 5 per cent. The total figures also include the net flow of international income payments. Wages have suffered the most se- verely in the general decline since 1929, with a falling off of 60 per cent. in those industries in which it was possible to segregate this item. Sal- aries dropped 40 per cent., much less rapidly than wages, with the most se- vere curtailment occurring in 1932. Property income distributed, however, receded but 30 per cent. This situation was brought about by the maintenance of interest payments rather uniformly up to 1932, with only a small decline then. Dividend payments were well maintained in 1930, but declined there- ’ after more rapidly than labor income. Manufacturing was the largest indus- trial class contributing to income, ac- counting for 22 per cent. of the total distributed in 1929. Trade, finance, and services accounted for 14, 12 and 11 per cent. of the total, respectively. The decline in income distributed was most severe in the construction in- dustry, the 1933 volume being but 28 per cent. of the amount paid out in 1929. Income in mining fell off about 60 per cent. and in manufacturing about 55 per cent in the four-year pe- riod. In the manufacture group, the construction materials and metals and metal products sections declined most severely, 70 per cent. and 67 per cent. respectively. It will thus be seen that the greatest declines have taken place in the durable goods industries. The general downward trend was least severe in the field of government (in which expansion of employment and bonded _ indebtedness © slightly raised income payments), electric light and power and gas, communications, and food and food products manufac- ture. —_»+-—+.____ New Investment Service Offered A new type of investment service, born out of the depression, has made its appearance in the financial world in the form of an investment counsel type of trust in which securities are grouped by industries. It is sponsored by Dis- tributors Group, Inc., and is known as Group Securities, Inc., of New York. Sponsors of the new service contend that it differs in many important re- spects from the old unit type trust and the so-called general management type of investment trust. One of the most outstanding arguments offered in its favor is the investment counsel service made available to small investors through its affiliated dealers. A prom- inent Wall Street counsel has been em- ployed. The new service is so set up, accord- ing to Roger Verseput & Co., local agency, as to virtually make it possible for investors to ‘buy and sell industries as easily as stocks and bonds at pres- ent.” Capital stock of Group Industries, Inc., is divided into separate and dis- tinct classes, and the assets and income of each class are set apart for the bene- fit of that class alone. Funds received from the sale of shares of one class, it is explained, may be invested only in securities appropriate to that class. Each industry or industrial group represented by any class is indicated by its title. The classes initially made available are agriculture, automobile, aviation, building, chemical, distillery and brewery, electrical equipment, food, industrial machinery, merchan- dising, mining, petroleum, railroad, rail- road equipment, steel, tobacco and util- ities. ———>~» ~~» - — Nation-Wide Real Property Inventory Every type of housing facility will be covered in the nation-wide inven- tory of real property now being made by about 10,000 door-to-door canvas- sers in 65 cities throughout the country as a project of the Civil Works Admin- istration. This field work, which is be- ing carried out under the direction of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce by the Census Bureau, is bringing together much valuable in- formation in the real estate field which has never before been available. It is designed to establish on a factual basis the extent to which various types of housing facilities are over or under sup- plied in each region, and be of assis- tance in showing the steps which might be taken toward reviving activ- ity in the capital goods field. Schedules on which the information is being gathered call first for general descriptive data concerning each home or other structure covered—materials of which it is built, number of stories and number of rooms, and its physical condition. For this last item, four cate- gories are being used—good condition, needs minor repairs, needs structural repairs, and not fit for use. Next, the survey will cover items re- lating to improvements and facilities available, including such items as type Analysis of any se- curity furnished up- on request. e J. H. Petter & Co. Investment Bankers 360 Michigan Trust Building Telephone 94417 EEUU DU BOTT BOO EO OOO BOO EO EEO BBE r> UV : : =28 ke | Group Securities, Inc. | D (| n DY CLASSES OF STOCK AVAILABLE INDIVIDUALLY % By ) : Agricultural Shares Industrial Mach. Shares i Cy Automobile Shares Merchandising Shares % RB Aviation Shares Mining Shares Ne 5 Building Shares Petroleum Shares Re ®) « 5 Chemical Shares Railroad Shares ig BY Dist. & Brewery Shares Railroad Equip. Shares : Gj RY Electrical Equip. Shares Steel Shares be R Food Shares Tobacco Shares a 3 Utilities Shares ie 3 Kg ES A prospectus may be obtained from kG LD } i | ROGER VERSEPUT & Co. | 5 “ & 5 Investment Banker — Brokers he > | f BS 813-816 MICHIGAN TRUST BLDG. PHONE 8-1217 ig alter Man ten atn NaN NaN MTE NEN METN NER INNAENMDAETG Amar a 3 West Michigan’s oldest and largest bank solicits your account on the basis of sound poli- cies and many helpful services . . OLD KENT BANK 2 Downtown Offices 12 Community Offices i i : ei q rine NERC RORATSGE eae vale PO ccrweaeetaeCe i wasting Scene, mabe an aie stponemcente ert Se eras oa t i January 31, 1934 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 11 of heating, uses of electricity and gas, water faucets and baths, and mechan- ical refrigeration. Third are the items pertaining to occupancy and vacancy, including a record of extra families and data for computing density, ie., number of per- sons per room. This includes data on ownership or rental, and, in order to determine the turnover rate, each occu- pant is being asked when he moved in, and in the case of vacancies how long it has been vacant, The fourth general category of infor- mation asked for pertains to rents, in- cluding data on the types of facilities provided by the landlord, which will give one indicator of the quality of the vacancies in the various cities. The fifth group of questions will as- certain certain miscellaneous facts re- lating to home use, such as the number of automobiles, if any, the time re- quired and method used in getting to work, and whether or not the occu- pier had a vegetable garden last year. The schedule is so arranged that it will be possible to bring together any of these items which appear to have a significant relationship. Cities selected to be covered in this survey were chosen in such a way as to give representation to different types, sizes, age, rate of growth, etc. At least one city is located in each state. In addition, a number of other cities not on the original list are now planning to co-operate in the under- taking. Using the same forms and in- structions, they are asking for Civil Works Administration workers to make their own surveys. In this way, much more of the country will actu- ally be covered than is included in the original project. An intensvie study of a limited sam- ple of dwellings with regard to the financial structure underlying real estate properties is also being under- taken by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce as a supplement to the Real Property Inventory, The Bureau has been experimenting with such an inquiry in Cleveland, and Wil- lard L. Thorp, Director of the Bureau, recently announced that this will be extended to other areas. It is expected that the field work on the Real Property Inventory will be completed by February 15, and that preliminary reports will be available by summer, —_~+++___ Real Estate Taxation Studied by Cen- sus Bureau As a result of urgent requests from state, municipal, and county officials, the Bureau of the Census on January 15 undertook a study of the operation and revenue yield of real estate taxa- tion, according to William L. Austin, Director of the Census. This project is being carried forward with funds fur- nished by the Civil Works Adminis- tration as part of the nation-wide pro- gram to furnish employment for as many persons as possible in worth- while projects. The study is divided into two major classes with two separate question- naires. Class 1 calls for a detailed ex- amination of tax delinquency in 65 cities in 48 states, and of a representa- tive number of parcels of property to show the contribution of each class of property to the tax budgets, and re- sponsibility of each for tax delinquen- ey. Class calls for an examination of 174,600 units of local Government in the 3,071 counties in the United States, including total tax delinquency, de- faults on obligations, issues of scrip, nature and number of Governmental services rendered, duplication of activ- ities, and jurisdiction. The survey is designed to furnish a comprehensive picture of taxation and local Government difficulties as affect- ed by the depression and thus provide an accurate guide for state, county and municipal officials in future planning. It will add to the information now be- ing gathered in the same cities in the Real Property Inventory. ee The Longer an Account is Inactive— “The longer a customer’s charge ac- count is inactive the harder it is to get him back into the store,” the advertis- ing manager of Capper & Capper, Chi- cago, said recenly in a talk before the Chicago Direct Mail Advertising Club. The speaker is reported in National Clothier as saying that the store made this discovery several years ago and that it had made tests which showed the importance of bearing this in mind when executing dire¢t mail campaigns. He told the results of mailing in July 1930, advertising a special sale, showing that 26 per cent. of the firm’s charge account customers bought mer- chandise during the sale; but only 7.5 per cent. of customers who had been inactive for a short while, and 1.7 per cent, of accounts which had been in- active for more than ten months made purchases. The importance of checking the ef- fectiveness of direct mail selling was stressed by the speaker. He told how in 1929 his store had a mailing list of between forty and _ fifty thousand names, which was used with every mailing. To-day, three distinct types of mailings have been made possible, it was shown. The first he represented by a small circle—the salesmen’s own personal customers who receive a letter signed by the salesman; the second, by a medium size circle—the active and inactive customers who do not depend upon any one particular salesman; and third, the prospects who have never purchased at the store—represented by a large circle. Less than 20 per cent. of the cus- tomers of the store are shown to be claimed as personal customers. His ex- perience has been that the salesmen who send gout the largest number of. mailings receive the smallest percen- tage return, indicating that the smaller lists are composed of genuine personal customers. “Prospects” were not con- sidered by the speaker to be profitable to reach by direct mail, with his expe- rience indicating that such mailings are very costly in proportion to immediate sales—sometimes costing as much as 75 per cent. and very often over 25 per. cent, —_~+-+-___ Collapsible tubes for toothpaste, etc., usually sealed at the base with metal clips, can now be sealed with metal of tube itself through a new automatic filling, closing and sealing machine. of the Grand Rapids Bankruptcy Court On this day the schedules, reference, and adjudication in the matter of Golden Guernsey Dairy, Inc., bankrupt No. 5550, were received. The 4d: uiry is located at 66 Elm Street, Benton Harbor, Michigan. The schedules show total assets of $6,- 211.58, and total liabilities of $10,252.38, listing the following creditors: Proceedings City of Benton Harbor........_$ 37.40 City of Benton Harbor__.._____ 66.39 State of Michi¢an ==. 10.00 Charles W. Froburger, Benton AO 12.76 Ralph Forburger, Benton Harbor 18.00 H. B. Merrill, Benton Harbor____ da.t1 William Saathoff, Niles_________ 900.00 A. H. Arnold & Co., Chicago__..._ 665.3 Neffeneger Brothers, South Haven 5.00 A. H. Arnold Co., Chicago _____ 729.39 Elden W. Butzbaugh, Benton Harbor in Eos S32 Cherry Burrell, Chicago..._______ 18.25 City Dairy €o.. Niles. 171.23 College Press, Berrien Springs_- 7.00 Cutler & Downing, Benton Harbor 5.90 Mesterhere Bros, 36.52 A. Destefano, Coloma__._____-.___ 10.81 Dudley Paper Co., Lansing__--__ 57.29 Mireproof Storage Co._._____...___ 2.35 Fort Wayne Dairy Supply Co.__ . O. Goodsell, Benton Harbor_____- 38.73 Herald-Press, St. Joseph_________ 8.40 Hipp-Pratt Ins. Agency, Benton RRO 10.75 W. G. Smith Printing Co., Benton 1093) ee 12.00 Stanwood-Hillson Corp., Brookline, Wass 33.50 Stevens-Davis Co., Chicago______ 58.50 Frances Shell, Bau Claire________ 11.48 Theisen & Clemens, Benton Harbor 19.19 BE. Ullery, Eau Claire 30.87 W atervliet Co-operative Creamery, Watervliet Co-operative Creamery 31.83 Wilson’s Dairy, Buchanan________ 83.50 Citizens Fuel Co., Benton Harbor 8.01 J. I. Holcomb Mfg. Co., Indianapolis 2.61 Loeckway-Stouck Paper Co., Benton HavbOr (2 ea 2t.L7 H. L. Lynch, Bienton Harbor____ 11.00 J. W. Lucas Coal Co., Benton PGR 14.64 Dr. J. M. Miller, Benton Harbor 168.32 Niles Groamery €o9.. 2 40.65 News-Palladium, Benton Harbor_ 2.10 Chet Nichols Auto Service, Ben- ton Eeehor 33.86 Noble & Price Plumbing Co., Inc., Benton Harbor _ =. 8.95 B. M. Nowlen & Co., Benton Harbor 43.36 George Curtis, Bau Claire._____ 53 James Duffield, Eau Claire______ A, Eisenwald, HauClaire._________ H. Hahn, Eau Claire___ fee Clem Stevens Oil Co., Benton rere 21.45 Goodyear Service, Inc., Benton PERRO oe 29.60 Hartelrode, Hau Claires 4.67 KF’. Jonatzke, Waterviliet__..._____ 9.77 gohn Kelly, Watervliet__..__.._____ 12.76 Nelson Krieger, Watervliet______ 106.63 Wm. Oge, Benton Harbor________ 19.31 Fred Rodewald, Benton Harbor_. 16.19 Fred Robinson, Coloma__________ 6.57 H. Rosenbaum, Benton Harbor_-_ 115.83 Chas. Rodewald, Benton Harbor 33.46 Henry Schaus, Watervliet________ 9119 Joseph Sieber, Jr., Benton Harbor 67.14 Harry Sieber, Benton Harbor___- 34.78 Ross Shippy, Dowagiac__________ 70.68 Sonnenberg Bros., Watervliet____ 31.96 Mark Vlodic, Benton Frarbor.___ 11.68 B. A. Peters, 3enton Harbor____ 252.02 Stevens-Davis Co., Chicago____ 113.00 Indiana and Michigan Electric Co. Benton Harber = = 102.29 IX. Lee Merrill, Benton Harbor_- 1,362.5 Ilorence Merrill, Benton Harbor 1,362.5 Oda Goodsell, Benton Harbor__.. 175. Hrank Deiteh, St. Joseph = =. = 175, Nelson Krieger, Woatervliet______ 350.00 Keuhl Brothers, Watervliet__-__ 225.00 Henry Schaus, Watervliet______ 150.00 Ross Shippy, Dowagiac___________ 175.00 Harry Sieber, Benton Harbor___. 150.00 Joseph F, Sieber, Jr., Benton iE 200.00 Hilory B. Merrill, Benton Harbor_ 600.00 Eldon W. Butzbaugh, Benton Harbor 50.00 Frank McGowan, Watervliet__.__ 250.00 In the matter of John W. Deagen, bank- rupt No. 5549. The first meeting of ecred- itors has been called for Feb. 6 at 2 p. m. In the matter of George Van Overen, bankrupt No, 5535. The first meeting of creditors has been called for Feb. 6, at it a.m. In the matter of Golden Guernsey Dairy, Inc. bankrupt No. 5550. The first meeting of creditors has been called for Feb, 5, at 2 p. m. In the matter of Vernon T, Moyer, bankrupt No. 551. The first meeting of creditors has been called for Feb. 5, at PL. a.m. In the matter of City Book Store, bank- rupt No. 5228, final meeting of creditors was held under date of Dec. 4. Trustee was present in person and represented by Belcher & Hamlin, attorneys of Man- istee. Bankrupt was represented by War- ner, Norcross & Judd, attorneys. Cer- tain creditors were represented by G. R. Credit Men’s Association, One account bidder present in person. Trustee’s final report and account was approved and allowed. Certain attorneys’ bills approv- ed and allowed. Balance of bills, notes and accounts receivable was sold to Jo- seph Shulsky for the sum of $14.00. Order Was made tor the payment of expenses of administration, preferred claims and a first and final divide nd to general cred- itors of 5%. No objection to discharge. Final meeting adjourned without date. In the matter of Ben Krause Co., a corporation, bankrupt No, 5512, first meet- ing of creditors was held Jan. 22. The bankrupt was present by its president and represented by C. Sophus Johnson, at- torney, Certain creditors were present in person and others represnted by Dilley & Dilley; Hilding & Baker; Boltwood & Boltwood, attorneys, and Grand Rapids Credit Men’s Association. Ben Krause, President, was sworn and examined be- fore a reporter. Claims were proved and allowed, or referred to the trustee. Fred G. Timmer, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, was appointed trustee and his bond tixed at the sum of $1,000.00. The meeting then adjourned without date. In the matter of William Miller ilard- ware Company, bankrupt No. 51356. ie final meeting of creditors has been called for Feb. 16, at 2 p. m. The trus.ee's final report will be approved at sueh meeting. There will be a sinal dividend for cred- itors, In the matter of 2 ?enjamin f. Murphy, bankrupt No. 5175. The final meeting of creditors has been called for Feb, 9, at 2 p.m. The trustee’s fina: report will be approved at such meeting. ‘There prob- ably will be a small dividend fur cred- itors, In the matter of Veneeved Products Corporation, bankrupt No, 5127. The final meeting of creditors has been e« alted for Heb. & at 10 a. m. ‘The trustee’s final repirt will be approved at such meeting. There will be ao dividend for creditors, Jan. 23. On this day the order of ref- erence, and adjudication in the matter of Joseph Gesell, doing business under the assumed name of Manistee Brewery Co., bankrupt No. 5547, were recetved. Tne bankrupt is located at Manistee, Mich. This is an involuntary case and _ the schedules have been ordered filed. Upon receipt of same, the assets and liabilities will be made known. Jan, 25. On this day the se hedules, ref- erence and adjudication in the matter of James D, Kane, bankrupt No. 5560, were received. The bankrupt is a tinsmith, of Muskegon Heights, Mich. The schedules show total assets of $2,304.00, (of which $250.00 are ae exempt), and total liabilities of $3, 52.60, listing the follow- ing creditors: Bishop Furn. Co., Muskegon_ -$ 190.00 Montgomery & W ard Co., Muskegon 32.00 Bankers Trust (Co. Muskegon. i 32.00 Mercy Hospital, L M uskegon First State Savings Bank, 350.00 Muskegon Heights we | 6 Oe Towner Hardware Co., Muskegon 115.00 Clyde Hendrick, Muskegon__ = 456.00 Dr. George Le fe vTe, Muskegon_. 153.00 Muskegon Heights Ww @iare 100.00 Ndwards Lumber Co, , Muskegon 4.87 Kast Side Lumber Co.. Muske 22 ON 4.00 Drs. Harrington & Morford, MEUSHESOM 0 2.00 Dr. Olsen, Muskegon Heights____ 10.50 Dr. Olden, Muskegon = 3.00 Dr. C. B. Manderville, Muskegon 3.00 Dr, R. I. Busard, Muskegon______ 3.00 Dr. BE. N. D’Alcorn, Muskegon____ 61.00 Dr. Wim. S. Chapin, Muskegon Heights 15.00 Dr. O. M. LaCore, Muskegon Heights 4.00 James Morphy Grocer, Muskegon = 20.00 Jiroux and Hodson Grocery, Muskegon Heights ______ 20.00 Steve Kotrusits, Muskegon Heights 5.00 Teadle Dykstra, Muskegon Heights 47.45 National Foundry & Furnace Co., Dayton ee Muskegon____ 7.00 Michiaae ‘ee iated Telephone Co., Muskegon ____ Mueller Heating ‘Service Muskegon = 8.00 Lee Hardware Co., Muchowan Botehts ol 5.00 Muskegon Hardware & Supply Co., Muskegon ._ Muskegon Heights Water Dept. __ 14.50 Bristol Insurance Agenc y, Muskegon 17.00 Economy Hardware, Muskegon Hits. 1.30 Muskegon Heights Dairy Co... 1.00 In the matter of Vernon T. Moyer, bankrupt No. 5551. The sale*of asset shas been called for Feb, 15, at 2 p. m. at the premises formerly occupied by the bank- rupt at No. 403 Phoenix St., South Ha- ven. The assets for sale consists of a complete grocery stock, fixtures used in said business including candy making equipment, Ford truck, etc., all appraised at $1090.14. All interested in such sale should be present at the date and time above stated. ——_¢@~@-@_____ Reason Enough Susie—Papa, what makes a man al- ways give a woman a diamond engage- ment ring? Her Father—The woman. 12 RETAIL GROCER Retail Grocers and Meat Dealers Associa- tion of Michigan. President—Paul Schmidt, First Vice-President — Bathke, Petoskey. Second Vice-President—Rudolf Eckert, Flint. Secretary — Elton W. Viets, Lansing. Treasurer—O. H. Bailey, Sr., Lansing. Directors—Holger Jorgenson, Muske- gon; L. V. Eberhard, Grand Rapids: A. A. Boyce, Bay City: Vincent A. Miklas, Man- istee: Ward Newman, Pontiac. Lansing. Theodore J. Associate Members Valuable and Not So Valuable Among other New Year reviews, it may be helpful to glance back on what recent code-making and other trade problems have revealed about associa- tion members. Much that has occurred was strongly reminiscent of 1917 when When news arrived making war came on us. that Uncle strict trade were immediately crowded beyond the capacity of the largest halls and there Membership Sam was some rules, grocers’ meetings was a rush to join up. again dwindled when the excitement subsided. Announcement of the NRA program brought similar reactions, It had been institutional for lists of new members to be read in any regular merchants’ meetings, the list had varied slightly from month to month: perhaps as many new members coming in as reg- ularly fell by the wayside, keeping the total practically constant. 3ut now there was such a rush of joiners that the simple reading of the names took up considerable time. Lists of 100, 150 and even up to 200 newscomers were not uncommon. Now that the code has been formulated and excitement has again subsided, the lists are not so long. All of this is in line with human na- ture, of course; and it is to be remem- bered that converts are always wel- come. It is also true that the 75c or $1 paid in by a new member counts for the same 100 cents—or is it now 60c? as that of any other member, so that new money in the sum of $75 to $200 is always welcome to the treasury and helpful to further association work. But it is well at times to stop and realize that the permanent set-up of any organization is what must lie back of any worthwhile accomplishment; that, in fact, if there were not mem- bers held fast during ordinary times, giving not merely their cash— who important as that must necessarily be— but of their time, thought and constant effort, there would be no organization to fall back on in times of stress. Associations on the inside are extra- ordinarily like grocery stores. Not every day can be Saturday. Not every week can be convention week. Not always can there be a band, and golf, and swimming contests: nor can there always be some intensely interesting struggle with conditions or authorities to keep our interest at the simmering point. In the grocery store there are off days when the best we can do is seek out odd jobs—corners to brush out, bulk goods to package, advertise- ments to plan and write. What is worth thinking about in all this is that in both lines of edeavor ac- complishment depends more on how well and how faithfully the behind-the- scenes, unspectacular, humdrum work « MICHIGAN peal icant is carried forward than on such as ap- pears plainly as in a circus. Business can never be all beer and skittles. Its success must depend on the serious- ness with which the hard grind is tack- led, stuck to and work through with. And, since basically, any worthy asso- ciation is a business, the inference must be plain. worthy association member who feels his duty is done He may be a when he pays his dues; who thinks he has no other talent to contribute: but no man can properly excuse himself from at least fairly regular personal The real ac- complishment of association must be effectuated by those willing to bear the burden and heat of the day; but they are entitled to the encouragement of liberal attendance at meetings. Everybody who has done any kind of association work is familiar with the “what do I get out of it” attitude. The answer is familiar to all who have given it is: You get as you give. Not one who asks that puerile question would expect to get attendance at meetings. the question any thought. money out of an unstocked store, nor to do business in any store in advance of stocking it with goods which he at least thought suitable to the neighbor- hood; nor would anyone expect to draw from any bank more money than he had there on deposit. But in association work the answer is wider, more complicated and more intangible than fundamentals: for here the dues—vitally important of course always—are the smallest and least important contribution a live man makes. those His regular attendance is one great factor. If he never says a word, he helps. More: While nobody can promise him any specific, definite bene- fit from any meeting, we also know that it seldom happens that a grocer attends a meeting without some benefit. Lightning has a way of striking in unexpected places. deriving One of the commonest experiences I have had in mixing with associated and other grocers in large gatherings, which has happened to me in every State and from ocean to ocean in Can- ada, is this: Men say enthusiastically after the meeting—regardless of the time, the place or the subject: “Say, believe me, I’m glad I came out to- night! TI hardly thought I’d make it: but I would not have missed it for anything.” It is true in this as in other things that The Liberal Soul Shall Be Made Fat—that Bread Cast on the Waters Returns. Indications are clear that our basic problems persist and will require our constant thought and vigilance in their solution—just as always. The latest figures, taken this time in Ontario, re- veal how our business does not change essentially. The findings are that more than one- third of the stores sell less than $5,000 a year—less than $100 per week—and those stores account for 4.4 per cent of all the business. Those which sell $5,000 to just less than $10,000. do 8.6 per cent, and these make up 20.4 per cent. of all stores. Next are those with sales of $10,000 to $19,999, 21.8 per cent. of all, which do 18 per cent. of the business. TRADESMAN The big end of the business is done by 8.3 per cent. of the stores with sales of $30,000 to $49,999, 18.6 per cent. We see, therefore, that those who sell less than $20,000 a vear each, who together count up 75.6 per cent of the These do stores, do 31 per cent of the business. It is well known that some individ- ual merchants are economically self- sustaining who sell as little as $5 per day; but those are so few that they may be disregarded. It is probably not unsound to con- clude, horizontally, that a grocer whose sales are less than $10,000 is an economic Further, unless such a man is growing toward taking conditions all together burden on the community. bigger business, he is not an economic asset. find that 69 business is done by merchants, it Inasmuch as here we per cent of the 24.4 per cent. of the seems sound to conclude that the gro- cer whose sales are below $20,000 does not have economic justification—not- that and there an exception to this conclusion. The point is that such conditions per- sist regardless of all the withstanding there is here various schemes for regulation on the part of The lesson seems to be that the job of the individ- ual merchant is not basically changed. government or association. He still has to keep on his toes as steadily and diligently as ever, but, after all, that is not a bad thing, If such not the case the business would be easier than it is now—and it were is still for too easy for men to enter. still too good looking from the out- side. Paul Findlay. >_> -____ Questions and Answers of Interest to Grocers Question: How is rice polished? Answer: The polishing of rice is ef- fected by friction against the rice of pieces of moose hide or sheepskin, tanned and worked to a wonderful de- gree of softness, loosely tacked around a revolving double cylinder of wood and wire gauze. The friction removes the outer layers of the grain, which gives the rice its pearly luster. Question: How is cocoa obtained? Answer: Cocoa is made from choc- olate after about one-half of its butter has been extracted: the residue is finely pulverized. Cocoa is thus considerably less rich in fat than chocolate. Question: How is lemon extract ob- tained? Answer: Lemon extract is made by dissolving lemon oil, which is obtained from the skin of the lemon, in alcohol. To conform to the government stand- ard, lemon extract must contain at least five per cent of lemon oil. Question: How do Brazil nuts grow? Answer: This nut is the seed of a gigantic tree, growing in Brazil and in some of the other tropical countries of America, and attaining a height of about 120 feet. The tree branches at a height of about 100 feet. The nuts grow inside of a hard, round shell, which averages about 5 inches in diam- eter and contains from 15 to 25 com- pactly arranged nuts. The shells have a rough surface and are so hard that a large hammer is required to break them. The nuts mature in October and the pods drop during November January 31, 1934 and December. Harvesting begins early in January. Question: Does peanut butter con- tain anything besides peanuts? Answer: A little salt—that’s all. Question: What causes “rusty” fish, and what can be done to prevent fish from becoming “rusty”? Answer: The rusty appearance of fish is caused by its having come in contact with the brownish scum that forms on the surface of the brine, and which is the fat from the fish. To pre- vent the fish from getting stained. it should be kept well beneath the brine at all times and the scum should al- ways be promptly removed. Question: What is the best way to store canned Answer: They should be kept at a moderately cool, not refrigerated, tem- foods? perature—a cool, dry cellar or closet is suitable. Avoid storage near steam pipes, radiators, furnaces, or kitchen ranges. Question: What is the best method of handling unwrapped bakery goods? Answer: Unwrapped bakery goods in the finer stores are never handled with the bare hands. Some stores re- quire salespeople to use wax paper or a paper napkin between the hands and the product; others use large wooden tweezers and still others require sales- people to wear fresh white cotton gloves. Women everywhere appreciate these sanitary food. Question: How high should the dis- plays be in the central part of a food store? methods of handling Answer: Food merchandisers gener- ally agree that displays in the central part of the food store should not be higher than 45 inches from the floor. This gives a better appearance to the store and enables even a short woman to see the entire store with ease. Question: For what four classes of foods should glass display cases be used? Answer: The four classes of foods that for sanitary reasons, sell better under glass are fresh meats, dairy and delicatessen foods, unwrapped bakery goods, candy and cigars. All other food merchandise should be dis- played on display tables, counters and shelves.—Kentucky Grocer. —_2+~-<-____ Store Reports Show Profits Tangible evidence of the swing from red into black which featured the oper- ations of many stores last year is af- forded in the preliminary estimates of earnings now appearing in advance of the annual reports of retail concerns. The reports, several of which show net profits of millions in contrast to losses of similar amounts in the preceding year, are regarded as notably hearten- ing in both wholesale and retail circles. In some quarters the view is expressed that the pick-up in trade during the last half of 1933 was so sharp as to warrant the expectation that the major- ity of retail reports to be issued be- ween now and March will at least show some return on the right side. —_c.~~_____ A 43-pound portable cutting machine has been developed for use in metal- working shops. It consists essentially of a blowpipe on an electrically driven chassis. — nt naomi rence January 31, 1934 MEAT DEALER Special Records for the Meat Depart- ment The meat department, Louisville re- sults showed, may be a source of great profit or of serious loss to the grocer, depending upon its handling. In the meat department the grocer functions as manufacturer. He receives raw ma- terial, a carcass or side of beef, and rariety of finished products—steaks, roasts, ribs, converts it for sale into a and the like. This process makes prop- er pricing more difficult than with goods that are bought and seld without change of form, and opens the door to possible wastes of material which may prove very damaging to profits. The first thing needful in studying profit results in the meat department is a special record of sales. If the depart- ment has a separate cash register, this is obtained automatically. There are other easy methods. One Louisville grocer used the simple system of hang- ing a paper bag on a nail by the meat refrigerator,, and entering upon it the amount of each meat sale as it was made. At the end of each day he added up these sales and entered the total in a small record book, With this simple record he was able to keep track of just how his meat sales were holding up. He obtained the number of sales each day, the aver- age purchase per customer, and a com- parison of sales with the month. From the total meat sales he then previous subtracted the cost of goods sold, ob- tained from his invoices and inventories in the usual way, and thus had his gross margin for the department. If the gross margin proved less than it should be, he was in a position to set about to locate the trouble. It might be that he was pricing some products too low, that his butcher was failing to obtain the proper amount of higher priced cuts’from the side of beef, or that other inefficient practices were responsible for the poor showing. Small slips of paper, filed on a spin- dle or dropped in a box and totaled at the end of each day, served in other stores as an easy, inexpensive method of keeping account of meat sales. Dif- ferent-colored slips were used if sep- arate sales records were desired for fresh and smoked meats, fish, or other commodity groups in the department. For the same purpose one grocer used a blank sheet of paper ruled into several columns and hung conveniently for the butcher to make entries in the different columns for sales of the arti- cles for which special wanted. record was Sometimes, instead of examining the entire meat department, the grocer may make a special study of the mar- gin received on a single carcass. A method used by the Louisville grocers Each time a sale was made from it the name of the cut, its weight, and the price re- ceived, were jotted down on a slip of paper. After the entire side was sold the grocer totaled the sales, subtracted the cost of the carcass, and obtained the figure for gross profit on the total Operation. If the margin thus deter- mined was not sufficient, he had a com- was to tag the selected beef MICHIGAN plete record of the sales to enable him to locate the difficulty. With gross profit for the meat de- partment determined, it is necessary to know the department’s operating ex- pense in order to arrive at the net profit it is making. Even an appar- ently satisfactory gross margin may be wiped out if the operating cost is ex- travagant. To find the costs incurred by each, a separate record of expenses must be kept for the meat and the grocery de- partments. This was done in all the if, as is often the case, one or more clerks devote full time to the meat department, it is a simple matter to charge it with their salary expense. Most of the store’s re- Louisville stores. frigeration charges belong also to this department. roughly according to the amount of Rent can be allocated floor space occupied. Expenses such as depreciation on grinding machinery can be charged directly against the de- partment, Other costs, such as de- livery, credit and advertising, may be charged according to the proportion of the total store sales volume accounted for by meats. Special studies of other commodity departments, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, may be made in much the same manner as the one here outlined for the meat department. Where stock control for individual commodities is being employed, the sales, cost of goods sold, and gross margin for the depart- ment will be simply the totals of these figures of the various fruit and vege- table items as shown by the stock cards. Costs for the department may be approximated by estimating the amount of clerk time spent in it, and charging a share of salaries according- ly; by allocating rent on the basis of square feet of store space occupied, and by charging other principal costs in proportion to the share of total sales which the department is found to pro- duce, The greater number of grocers prob- ably will not wish to make a more elab- orate allocation of their costs than this. Those who may be interested in exam- ining the method of making detailed cost analysis for individual items will find the system emploved in the Louis- ville survey fully illustrated in the Commerce Department reports on Merchandising Characteristics of Gro- cery Store Commodities. The extent of the need of store rec- ords in any given case will depend largely upon the size and nature of the individual business. Those grocers, however, who at least know their total sales and gross profits, the operating costs of their business, the net profits they are receiving, and the activity of questionable items, have taken a long stride toward the operation of a profit- able store. ——_2-.____ Two Useful Code Provisions I want to call attention with much gratification, to two enforceable pro- visions. The first forbids advertising allowances that are not advertising al- lowances at all, but merely secret cuts in the price. The chain stores have been feeding on these for years and in some cases they have amounted to 3 or 4 per cent. TRADESMAN Under the code no advertising allow- ance can be given except under writ- ten contract, it must be paid the buyer separately and not merely deducted from the purchase price, it cannot be given at all unless it is what its name implies, viz., an allowance for adver- tising of the seller’s products to be actually done by the buyer. And it must not go beyond what a fair price for the service would be. Nearly all the old “advertising allow- ances” given chain stores were pure fake—nothing but secret price conces- sions which the seller didn’t want to give everybody, Under the code, how- ever, he must give them to everybody willing to perform the service. The other useful provision forbids the acceptance of a ‘quantity price” which is not honestly based on the quantity bought. In other words, an- other of the secret price concessions which have been exacted by the chains for vears. These provisions affect the indepen- dent grocer really not at all. It would be highly interesting to take the codes paragraph by paragraph, and make a calculation of the increases in overhead which they have caused the chains, plus the loss they will suffer by the cutting off of special privileges. The result would be rather terrifying. | mean if the chains obey all these pro- visions. This they will not do wherever they can avoid it—on the contrary they will chisel to the limit in every way they can, I believe this would be a good idea —for the independent grocers’ associa- tions to make a systematic check-up of the conduct of the chains under the codes and file complaints wherever they find anything. They will find plenty——Modern Merchant and Gro- cery World. ——_»<-.___ Substantial Reward To Steady Cus- tomers One month’s groceries free each year is offered by a western grocer to all his customers who register under a new plan which he has adopted and pay their bills by the tenth of the follow- ing month, according to the Merchants Journal, of Topeka, Kan. The plan, known as the Co-Mutual Plan, offers to these regular customers a cash or credit refund at the end of the year of one month’s purchases in the grocery, fruit and vegetable de- partments. The month selected for the refund is the one in which the least purchases have been made, except that in the case of absence from the city and vacations the month in which these interruptions occur is excepted, pro- vided notice is given by the customer. Thus, the element of chance is elim- inated and the customer is encouraged to give regularly a substantial volume of business and pay his bills promptly. ——_+~<-____ Sales of 10-Cent Cigarettes A considerable degree of success is being achieved by the leading tobacco companies in winning back the market lost to manufacturers of cigarettes sell- ing at 10c a package during the period of depression, executives in the indus- try report. Latest reports indicate that the pro- duction of 10c cigarettes has been re- duced to between 6 and 8 per cent of 13 the total cigarette output. Last spring and winter, before the makers of the four leading brands of popular-priced cigarettes cut wholesale prices to $5.50 a thousand to meet this competition, the 10c cigarettes made up approxi- sly 23 per cent of the total output. There has also been a drop in sales of tobacco and papers for those who turned to “rolling their own” for rea- sons of economy, it is reported. SS Prune Advertising Sells Prunes The prune industry campaign which has ben carried on during the past fif- teen months under the direction of the United Prune Growers of California has plaved a vitally important part in stimulating markets and in maintain- ing prices for this fruit. Shipments of prunes into the domestic market dur- ing the twelve months ending August 1, 1933, were 1,500 tons heavier than during the preceding twelve months. This increase occurred in the face of It oc- curred in spite of higher prices and is in sharp contrast to a decline of over distressed business conditions. 26,000 tons in foreign shipments during the same period. 6640 Pick-up in Industrial Buying Heavy buying, particularly of specu- lative raw materials, developed in in- dustrial circles this week, Purchasing agents who have been hanging back in making future commitments are now building up inventories to take care of the higher production schedules which manufacturers have set up for the March. A large part of the business uncertainty months of February and over inflation has been allayed by the President’s recent monetary state- ments, and purchasing executives for manufacturing establishments are will- ing to cover their needs for periods of two to six months ahead. ——— >.> > No Goodwin Plan We cannot see the wisdom of tying up the church with business in connec- tion with the Goodwin plan, which, while it may appear altruistic on the surface, looks like a very clever busi- ness proposition, The public is looking for price and quality do-day and cares little whether the seller makes a profit or what he does with his profits after the government has taken the lion’s share. The plan involves pledging church members to buy the goods of certain national advertisers which shall be indicated by the Goodwin corpora- tion. They will turn in the labels on any such purchases, whether of a can of soup or an automobile, to collectors in their church, who will remit them to the corporation. The latter will then collect three and a half per cent. on the price from the manufacturer, send two per cent. to the church, and keep one and a half per cent. as commission. This Goodwin plan would seem to create a monopoly for large concerns and for nationally known products. A great deal of business is done through personality. The small dealer is often successful because he is a man well liked by his neighbors who trade with him.: This is true too of small manu- facturers who have a personal follow- ing. In our judgment comparatively few people in this section will fall for the Goodwin plan——Malden Evening News, 14 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN January 31, 1934 HARDWARE Michigan Retail Hardware Association. President—Wm. J. Dillon, Detroit. Vice-President — Henry A. Schantz, Grand Rapids. Secretary—Harold W. Bervig, Lansing. Treasurer—William Moore, Detroit. Field Secretary — L. S. Swinehart, Lansing. Plain Talk to Plain People At the November meeting of the Manhattan and Bronx (N. Y. City) hardware dealers, two representatives of the American Federation of Labor were invited guests. They were Louis Halprin and R. D. Denise. Louis has been mentioned before in this depart- ment as the organizer of a hardware clerks’ union. (See H.A. Nov. 9, p. 38). Mr. Denise, formerly a practising C. P. A., is Eastern representative for the Retail Clerks International Protective Association, the A. F. L. unit under which any organized hardware clerks’ unions will operate. He is also quite an orator. Taken at face value, he seeks through unionization of hardware clerks (and clerks in other retail fields) uniform early closing hours, price maintenance (or at least elimination of price cutting) and the general curbing of unfair retailing practices. When it was brought to his attention, he also championed the hardware dealers’ com- plaint against drug stores which are permitted seven days a week, longer hours, etc., during which time they sell all manner of goods, not drugs, in com- petition with the hardware stores. He “invited the dealers present to sign up with his proposed organization which at present contracts on the basis of NRA wages and hours. This is prob- ably the first local hardware meeting to meet with organizers seeking a clerk’s union in the hardware field. In fact, too little thought is being given by hardware men to the possible union- ization of their clerks, despite the fact that the Retail Code (and every other code) starts off with the “collective bargaining” clause. And while we are thinking about Mr. Denise let us look at the Jan. 13, 1934, report of the National Industrial Con- ference Board which says in part: “Since the enactment of the National Industrial Recovery Act, the number of companies that deal with their work- ers through employe-representation plans has increased 180 per cent., and the number of companies that have trade-union agreements with their em- ployes has increased 75 per cent., ac- cording to the results of a nation-wide survey of employer-employe relations in manufacturing and mining indus- tries.” There are no conclusive reports on the unionizing of distribution em- polyes, but evidence is ample that progress is being made in this direc- tion. It seems difficult to get accurate data indicating the number of whole- salers and retailers now signed up with trade unions or the number of whole- sale and retail employes now enrolled in such organizations. If any reader has some facts, these would be most wel- come for publication, as this is a vital subject in every business to-day. From a letter written the last day of the old year I quote the following Paragraph: “A gentleman was in my office this morning, We were discus- sing business conditions of 1932 as compared with 1933, and also the out- look for next year In the course of his remarks, he used a phrase which I thought was very potent. He said ‘A year ago everybody was confused but hopeless; to-day people are confused but hopeful.” Here is a great mes- sage of hope, expressed simply. It sums up very well the feeling of the man in the street or the manufacturing or distributing executive. One had a job he didn’t have, or feels more se- cure in the job he retains. He becomes a buying power for either or both rea- sons. The manufacturer or distributor (wholesale and retail both) reports bet- ter business. At first, the increased dol- lar-and-cents sales volume was merely a mathematical reaction to rapidly ad- vancing prices and did not represent an increased tonnage. But to-day, from all reports, it is clear that sales volume, in practically every field, has a definite increased tonnage and that many more units, of every item, are being sold. Just a year ago, business men talked in terms of budget trimming. Every serious conversation brought out new ideas for curtailment. All salaries were being cut, which meant lessened buying power To-day, business men are talk- ing about doing business, how to sell more, and, best of all, how to sell at a profit. They are thinking in terms of progress, of going ahead, of moderate and controlled expansion. In my ob- servations, the 1933 Southern Hard- ware Jobbers’ convention in Memphis, during May, marked the most tangible turning point in the hardware distribu- tion picture. There, for the first time in four years, the meeting of whole- salers and manufacturers was marked with the most healthy signs of opti- mism—the placing of good sized or- ders. All that week, manufacturers were receiving wires from headquar- ters, telling of price advances effective almost immediately. There was an air of “going places.” Manufacturers showed me copies of orders and said: “We haven’t sold this firm for two years,” “this is our first order from this firm,” “the biggest order we have received from any customer in this ter- ritory for three years,” etc. Wholesal- ers talked about new lines to sell and exchanged ideas for selling more of the lines in stock. It was a very tang- ible turning point for the hardware business. Five months later, in Chicago, the hardware manufacturers met again with wholesalers from coast to coast. The attendance at the last October con- vention was record-breaking. NRA and the codes dominated the sessions, but the “sales-minded attitude of both wholesalers and manufacturers was everywhere apparent. Each man in turn had his own story to tell about the improvements he saw in his own business, in the other business of his community and each had thoughts about making 1934 a real profit year. Several wholesalers, who specialize on limited lines and seldom attend nation- al conventions were present—to look for and buy new goods to sell, new ways for making a profit in business. Some confusion? Yes, but on technical grounds without the panicky feeling of the previous year. Hopeful instead of hopeless? Very much so. The present confusion is easy to understand. We laymen will always have difficulty with legal phraseology and to-day our codes and the NRA are necessarily written in the legal manner. But let us look at this from the objective angle —which is business at a profit as a cure for un- employment. Or turn the words around —and call it employment as a means of assuring business at a profit. It works both ways. We cannot have profitable business with heavy unemployment. Remember we are all in the same boat, facing the same kind of added cost problems and, likewise, all in line for the future benefits in the recovery movement which is truly well under way. Telephone girls, information clerks and delivery men hold key positions in our scheme of doing business. They have first and last contact with many customers. The treatment they accord patrons swings business to and from your business and mine. Although their contribution to making sales may be only incidental their ability to spoil business is tremendous and very direct. A friend of mine in the direct mail business uses large quantities of offset or process reprints. After some ex- perimentation, he now gives all his business to a firm whose prices are slightly higher than the quotations of a competing house. He says both firms do a high quality job and each has in- telligent, helpful salesmen. “But,” says he, “Smith’s telephone girl has a slug- gish liver, she is impatient and cranky and considers inquiries about unfin- ished or undelivered work as a first- class nuisance. She gives sharp answers and suggests that the firm doesn’t value my account very much. Smith’s delivery buy just dumps the bundles in any convenient unoccupied space, yells for a receipt and hurries off. If I ask him why the job is late, he tells me he delivers as soon as he can and reminds me that the firm has other customers besides me. Jones’ outfit is different. The telephone girl has a pleasing voice, makes every effort to help and to find out just the information I require. She makes me feel that she is happy to find out. The delivery boy smiles, asks where he may put the packages, hopes the work is satisfactory and would ap- preciate a receipt. When I do business with Jones, he makes me feel like the only customer of the year and his em- ployes act the same way.” Maybe it is unfair to penalize a firm for the discourtesy of routine employes, and the customer is often unfair and unreasonable. But he is still the cus- tomer, and has been educated to be- lieve that “the customer is always right.” Fair or not, I judge a business by the treatment I receive from every employes are well trained by good em- employs are well trained by good em- ployers and vice versa; and most other people feel the same way. Further, I believe most employes reflect the men- tal attitude of their boss, almost in monkey fashion, So, if you are an effi- cient manager you should have effi- cient, good-will building employes. If your helpers are inefficient or discour- teous, the fault is yours. You didn’t select them carefully, didn’t train them properly or do not show the proper kind of leadership example.—Hard- ware Age. Moderate Upward Trend is Prospect In general, business in the United States during the month of December continued a favorable trend. Retail sales were better than a year ago. Automobile companies reported large orders and it is expected there will be a sharp rise in production during the next few months. Steel production is not quite ‘as large as it was. However, it is anticipated there will be a big boom by spring in the steel industry. Power production figures were less fa- vorable than in previous months. On the political side consideration of the Gold Bill during the past week was the outstanding event. As Was expect- ed, the Senate passed the bill at the end of the week with only minor changes, the change being a restriction on the life of the stabilization fund to a possible three years. Treasury finan- cing took the form of one billion short term notes and was over-subscribed several times. The Administration ap- pears not willing to run the risk of long-term financing until the condition of business and the financial markets has improved. Therefore, there is still the problem of refunding the short- term debt of the Government on 3 long-term basis, This problem along with the others may retard business somewhat, but in general a moderate upward trend in business is in pros- pect. J. i. Petter. —_>--__ Corporations Wound Up The following Michigan corporations have recently filed notices of dissolu- tion with the Secretary of State: American Tap-Bush Co., Detroit. Forward Crate Corp., Detroit. Sanford Hardware Co., Milan, Guarantee Armored Car Service, De- troit. Rosedale Farms Dairy, Inc., Grand Blanc. Tide Water Oil Co., Detroit. Woodward Sibley Recreation Co., Detroit. North Haven Land Co., Detroit. Brandt Mfg. Co., Detroit. T. S. Rogers Co., Jackson. Afton Mercantile Corp., Afton. Northwood Inn, Royal Oak. —_2+.___ Appliance Sales Show Gain Electrical appliance manufacturers will close the present month with sales slightly above those of December and 10 to 15 per cent. ahead of January, 1933. Active buying for coming home- wares promotions and the normal call for the new season’s lines have com- bined to give producers a good volume of business. Special promotional ef- forts made by leading manufacturers at the recent retailers’ convention were much more effective than in former years and resulted in a sharp gain in new accounts. —_~>-+~__ Containing two filaments which may be burned singly or in combination, a new light bulb provides three different levels of illumination. It must be used with a special socket. at annem ionndliee? i TO Bib i. 3 Me csi eismuat January 31, 1934 DRY GOODS Michigan Retail Dry Goods Association. President—Thomas Pitkethly, Flint. First Vice-President—D. Mihlethaler. Harbor Beach. Second Vice-President—Henry McCor- mack, Ithaca. , - Secretary-Treasurer—Clare R. Sperry, Port Huron. Manager—Jason BE. Hammond, Lansing. Cost Definition Drawn for Codes A standard provision banning sales below cost is in prospect for industrial code if NRA boards and business ex- ecutives ithroughout the country de- cide to back up a model clause pro- posed yesterday by a special committee of the National Association of Cost Accountants. The provision, in the process of prep- aration for several months by a group of four of the country’s outstanding cost experts, has been approved by the twenty-five directors of the association. It is the first time, apparently, that any degree of accord has been reached by accountants, not in one industry, on the ‘highly controversial subject of be- low-cost sales. The provision is as fol- lows: “It shall be an unfair method of competition for anyone coming under the provisions of this code to sell or exchange products or services at a price or upon such terms and condi- tions as will result in the customer pay- ing less than the fair and reasonable cost, as determined on the basis of a system of cost accounting to be form- ulated by the Code Authority.” Cost is defined for this purpose as the sum of materials or merchandise at current replacement cost, plus actual wages for direct and indirect labor, plus factory burden distributed on a basis of utilization of plant facilities for the industry as recommended by the Code Authority, plus selling, adver- tising, administration, warehousing transportation, collection and all other costs and expenses involved in selling, distributing and delivering the mer- chandise, including in burden or ex- pense allowances for depreciation and/ or depletion and/or obsolescence and/ or amortization, computed according to the rates and upon bases acceptable for Federal income tax purposes. Sales below cost, however, may be made to meet the prices of competitors who do not violate the code. Excep- tions may be provided for particular industries to govern seconds, dropped lines, &c. In preparing the above recommenda- tion, it was the consensus of the com- mittee that: 1. In no event should a definition of cost produce less than the total deliv- ered. cost. 2. The cost accounting questions in- volving methods of distributing over- head, absorbing fixed charges, includ- ing interest on investment and other debatable points, should not ‘be compre- hended in a code but should be worked out by the particular code authorities; it being our belief that the question of how we should apply sales, adminis- trative and all of the other expenses, which are so difficult of apportion- ment, can well be a matter to be de- termined by the industry itself, with MICHIGAN TRADESMAN government approval, and in all prob- ability, if done uniformly, will substan- tially serve the purpose. 3. The making of this recommen- dation by this committee does not im- ply any opinion as to the practicabil- ity or the impracticability of this clause to accomplish either minimum selling prices or cost reduction. 4. In making this recommendation the committee has given no consider- ation to, either for or against, the clause granting exceptions. It is in- cluded as a practical consideration in obtaining agreement among all mem- bers of the industry rather than as a justifiable principle in theory. In commenting on the committee’s recommendations Dr. S. C. McLeod, secretary of the association, emphasized the point that the report was not in- tended to dictate a definition to the ad- ministrative authorities, but to present the ideas of a qualified group of ex- perts in the ‘field of industrial account- ing in the hope that it might provide a base from which the code committees of various industries could develop a provision adjusted culiar needs. The report will be released this week to the association’s chapters through- out the country for discussion. to their own pe- —_~+-+___ Hostess To Help Men Select Their Hats To advise men who have difficulty in making up their minds about their hats, a chain of hat stores operating through- out the country will soon have in each store a young lady hostess especially trained to assist the customers, accord- ing to Sales Management (January 1). It is stated that the young lady will advise on such matters as style and color, and general fitness, but only when the prospective customer, at the clerk’s suggestion, indicates that he wants her to participate. The stores also sell hosiery, gloves, and related items, and! it is indicated that the ad- vice of the hostess will be available on these items as well. Glass Market is Unchanged Manufacturing operations in the glass industry show little change from the preceding week. Pressed and blown glassware continues in good demand and orders for glass containers, especi- ally from the producers of wines and liquors, are heavy. Although the pro- duction of plate glass improved in the last month or so, most of the output is going into the manufacture of safety glass for automobiles. So far the flat glass producers have felt no direct benefits from the reported pick-up in construction. —_++.___- Lull in Textiles Expected With the departure of the many dry goods wholesalers who have been in the New York market for the last two weeks a quiet period is expected in most of the primary lines. However, the markets are in a sufficiently strong position and mills are sold up enough in advance to withstand any dullness In comparison with the corresponding period of last year, wholesalers have placed a volume of for some weeks. business 25 to 50 per cent. greater on. Spring and Fall goods. Retail Trade Held Up Local retail week kept pace with the volume of last week, ac- trade this cording to reports from store execu- tives. While rainy day was shopping on the one extremely poor, im- proved volume the remainder of the week made up for the loss. Fashion apparel and home furnishings provided the highlights in the activity, while a fairly good demand was throughout other departments. the end of the approaching, store executives figure that January volume will be about 10 per cent. ahead scattered With month of last year, of which 2 to 3 per cent. will be accounted for by liquor. Color Grading A Criterion Of Quality Color is something that interests all of us. To some it is most important in relation to home furnishings, to clothes harmony, to food and table dec- orations—to making everyday living conditions contain more beauty. To others, color is a matter of business, for it sells inks, it sells textiles, it sells numerous industrial products. To still others, it is important because it tells, or helps to tell, how much some com- modities are worth—those commodities in which color is one of the grading factors. One of the duties of the Department of Agriculture is to establish standards for various farm products: Cotton, hay, grains, fresh and canned fruits and veg- etables, dairy products, meats, and so on. In practically all of these com- modities color plays an important role in grading. Because color is important to both the quality and value of many prod- ucts of the farm, and because stand- ards must have definite specifications if they are to be rigid, considerable color measurement work is going on in the Department of Agriculture. In the Bureau of Agricultural Economics there is a small laboratory which does nothing but measure color. Small dif- ferences as well as large ones must be measured, for the border-line cases are the most difficult to judge. Green hay is more valuable than brown hay. Therefore, color provides a convenient method of judging quality, which in turn is closely associated with value. A chart has been prepared—by statistical methods—for grading hay by means of color. This enables a hay inspector, who may be uncertain re- garding the color of any sample, to send that sample to the nearest inspec- tion laboratory and have it measured for color and be given the proper grade according to measurement rather than inspection, In cotton, a bright creamy bale gen- erally is preferred over a dark, dull- looking bale, and this variation, which is one of color, has been taken into con- sideration in establishing the Govern- ment standards on which American cotton is graded. Measurements of the standards are made so that all copies may be kept nearly uniform. 15 In tomatoes, dark strong reds are preferred to lighter, yellower reds, and canneries like to keep their products as nearly uniform in quality as possi- ble. Therefore, color measurement not only plays a part in standardizing the grades of tomatoes, but it helps also to control the quality of output. Tobacco is graded for color, and measurements of color are being made in the tobacco section of the Bureau as a part of their standardization work. Wheat flour, macaroni, bread, cake, cheese, evaporated milk, oranges, ap- ples, strawberry preserves, peas, beans, spinach, catsup, tomato soup, potato chips, mayonnaise, canned peaches— in all of these commodities and in many more—color is being measured, in some cases in the laboratories of the De- partment of Agriculture and in others in the experiment stations. The net result is that we are now able to specify standards more accurately and are able to study causes for various changes in color with considerably more success than in the days before color measure- ment provided a practical tool for mod- ern standardization and research. Dorothy Nickerson. —_+~++___ Spiritous Drinks Made From Citrus Superior brands of wines, brandies, cordials or other alcoholic beverages may be made frem oranges, grape fruit and similar citrus fruit, if research work which has just been launched by the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils proves successful. To carry through this work, expect- ed to require a year or more before it will yield conclusive results, H. H. Mattern, who has already conducted research in citrus products for the Bu- reau, has been sent to the United States Citrus Products Laboratory in Hidalgo County, Texas. Experts of the Bureau report that the literature on this subject is meagre, 3ritish and French scientists having little to offer. An old orange cordial imported in preprohibition days, was investigated; but it was learned that it nad little popularity and possessed in- sufficient merit to justify attempts to revive its use. Bureau specialists say that it is hoped a citrus alcoholic beverage can be pro- duced which will surpass anything else of that sort. The work will not be pushed with speed of production as the chief motive but emphasis will be rath- er on quality. Aging of the products alone is expected to require at least a year, The work presents a number of chemical difficulties. Only certain types of yeast are suitable. Addition of sugar is necessary to counteract the acidity of the fruits which will be used. It is explained by members of the Bureau staff that the investigation of alcoholic products is not~to be per- mitted to interfere with other current research in citrus fruits. GRAND RAPIDS PAPER BOx Co. Manufacturers of SET UP and FOLDING PAPER BOXES SPECIAL DIE CUTTING AND MOUNTING RA PI GR AN D DS, MI C HIGAN 16 HOTEL DEPARTMENT Should Tax Churches Used for Money Making Purposes Los Angeles, Jan. 27—I am advised that our mutual friend H. F. Helden- brand, has extended a very cordial in- vitation to the editor and his wife to take an auto trip with him to Florida, which distinctly shows that his heart is in the right place. As a chauffeur he is all right, though on my first con- tact with him, I was given to under- stand by disinterested friends such as Earl Greene, Ed. Swett and others that his driving “code” contemplated about nine miles per hour. Even at that he was a careful driver and what he lacked in speed he made up in a line of inter- esting conversation. In fact, I have often wished I had him out here for company. All of which encourages the inspiration that if he really wants to give his friends a good time, he should head for California instead of Florida, and have it said of him that his selec- tive powers are working along proper lines. A. C. Martin, proprietor of Steel Ho- tel, St. Johns, who is known to every member of the Michigan Hotel Asso- ciation, has issued a brochure entitled “Who Gets Your Hotel Dollar?” for complimentary — distribution, | which, after a careful perusal, I can cheerfully and truthfully say will prove useful to every member of the fraternity who is fortunate enough to secure a copy of it. I take the liberty of making a couple of excerpts from this booklet which particularly appealed to me. There are many other good suggestions: “The average hotel guest is far more critical than he would be at home, therefore, hotel dining rooms must of necessity exercise extreme care in the purchase, preparation and serving of food stuffs. Many a cook has been fired to satisty the fancy of some hotel patron. Hotel operators are anxious to please and spend millions each year doing so. Whenever hotel food or service is un- satisfactory our guests are expected to report it. Hotels welcome constructive criticism.” An illustration: “A party touring East recently stopped at a house displaying a tourist sign. Two roonis located on the second floor were seemingly desirable and were accepted. While trying to find the bath room at night, in a strange house, and with no light in the hall, a member of this party opened the cellar door by mistake, fell down a steep flight of stairs, breaking his rib and seriously bruising his body. No telephone in the house wake the next door neighbor to call a doc- tor . . . doctor has to come seven miles injured one taken to hospi- tal . . . heavy expenses physical suffering . . . a vacation spoiled.’ Enought said. David S. Childs, proprietor of Hotel Jefferson, Flint, died suddenly at his hotel, of heart attack. recently, A recent report shows that the Cen- tury of Progress exposition, held last year, brought an added income of $24.- 000,000 for food sales and rooms to reporting hotels. It is believed with improved general conditions, this in- dustry will do much better this coming season. Information received in Detroit dis- closes that Commodore August A, Schantz, president of a large resort hotel at Put-in-Bay, as well as the Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Co.., is critically ill with pneumonia, at Mi- ami Beach, Florida: Mr. Schantz is well-known to the hotel fraternity in Michigan, as well as about every where else, as one might say, and it is univer- sally hoped that favorable returns on his condition will be forthcoming. MICHIGAN Edward L. McManus, insurance ad- visor for the American Hotel Associa- tion, reports that he has been able to secure revised rates in many of the states, including Michigan, and is still going strong with his work in that di- rection. Which goes to help prove the assertion that organization pays, even when applied to hotels. I have it from private sources that my good friend, Herman Kletzsch, manager of Republican Hotel, Milwau- kee, and for many years secretary of the Wisconsin Hotel Association, is seriously, in fact, dangerously ill, and his condition causes much alarm among s colleagues. ll 11 1 John Riley, former Wetroit hotel operator, now manager of the Hillcrest Hotel, Toledo, has been elected a direc- tor of the Toledo Hotel Association, A good selection I will say, Michigan resort operators have ahead of them a $200,000 program of promo- tion for 1934. They are asking the leg- islature to help them out by matching dollars with the state for this admirable purpose. Governor Comstock has been talking it over with them, and it is trusted the outcome will be satisfac- tory. It has been demonstrated that the resort business of the Wolverine State is one of its best bets. Every business man in a resort district is a beneficiary and the state authorities will do well if they will exert them- selves to keep the ball rolling. Max V. MacKinnon, manager of Ho- tel Wardell, Detroit, and recently ap- pointed chairman of the committee for applying the hotel code by the Mich- igan Hotel Association, has appointed as his aids Thomas G. Longstaff, Hotel Murphy, Mt. Clemens: H. V. Helden- brand, Hotel Waldron, Pontiac; Otis M. Harrison, Detroit-Leland. Detroit; and James I. D, Straus. general man- ager of Webster Hall, Detroit, Backed by Preston D. Norton, President of the state hotel association, there is little doubt but what the organization will! function properly and effecively, I am mightily pleased to know that a very good friend of mine, A. B. Ri- ley, who managed Detroit hotels years ago, but who was transplanted to a St. Louis proposition, some time ago, has come back to Detroit, to “do his stuff” as manager of the Seville Apartment Hotel, one of the outstanding residen- tial institutions of that city. He has taken on his staff as assistant, Edgar E. Pitts, who is a past national presi- dent of the Hotel Greeters of America, for years secretary of the Detroit Ho. tel Association, and an operator of sev- eral Detroit hotels, in years gone by. I know them both mighty well and I am picking them for winners. Reno G. Hoag, whom everybody who ever operated a hotel in Michigan a decade ago knows well, has made a report to his board of directors at the Hotel Lafayette, Marietta, Ohio, on the business of last year, and they were so well pleased with it that he is still hold- ing his job of general manager. I be- lieve he is an honorary member of the Michigan Hotel Association, If not he should be added immediately and given the password and grand hailing sign. All of which ought to entitle me to something if I wander into Marietta in the near future. Harry A. Medlar, owner of the Mid- West Hotel Reporter, Omaha, who used frequently to fraternize with the Michigan “gang,” is recovering from an operation for appendicitis, at a hos- pital in his city, where he “doubled in brass” and celebrated his birthday at the same time, Harry Halfacre, manager of Hotel Pfister, Milwaukee, also one of my TRADESMAN most agreeable acquaintances, has just been elected president of the Milwau- kee Hotel Association. Good enough, for everybody concerned. Priscilla Inn, Detroit’s hotel for em- ployed women, celebrated its twenti- eth anniversary last week with a birth- day party for hundreds of former resi- dents. In 20 years the hotel has en- tertained 11,000 guests, staying from one day to twenty vears. It may be true that the RFA is not functioning perfectly, but it is also true that its executives are at least “trying”’ to do something, and President Roose- velt is behind the movement body and soul. He surely is making a good “bat- ting average” and I have noticed that his severest critics have offered no bet- ter way of “carrving on.” St. Paul has had another kidnaping of a prominent citizen, and its legal and police authorities have no one to blame for existing conditions but the judge and jury who tried the abduc- tors in the notorious Ham case. Hamm Was a prominent brewer and was kid- naped for a ransom several months ago. When first confronted by his captured abductors, he identified them promptly and persistently. Afterward it Was rumored that he was alarmed by threats and at the trial absolutely failed to supply the identification necessary to their conviction. It has since been intimated that there was a partial re- turn of the ransom fund in considera- tion of an aquittal. Hotel men in Wisconsin and in one or two other states feel that buildings used by church and other organizations tor the purpose of making money should be placed on the tax rolls and they are going to find a way of taxing them for the good of the general pub- lic. They are going slow in the mat- ter but they mean business just the sane. Legal authorities whom they have consulted unhesitatingly state that wihe ¥. MC A. Organization are deriving a revenue from the operation of cafeterias and other kinds of service, there is no doubt but what they are taxable. The supreme court of Wis- consin has already decided In a case where a barber was permitted to ply his vocation on exempt premises that such property might be taxed and there are many other citations on, this point, leading to the same conclusion. In Michigan, I remember, this same con- dition has been discussed, but I have no knowledge of anything having been done in the premises. It is hoped some- thing will come out of the agitation, however, SSS Warm Friend Tavern Holland, Mich. Is truly a friend to all travelers. Ali room and meal rates very reasonable. Free private parking space. JAMES HOEKSEMA, Manager MORTON HOTEL Grand Rapids’ Newest Hotel 400 Rooms -% RATES $2.50 and up per day. 400 Baths January 31, 19% 4 Hotel and Restaurant Equipment H. Leonard & Sons 38-44 Fulton St, W. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Store, Offices & Restaurant Equipment G.R.STORE FIXTURE CO. 7 lonia Ave., N. W. Phone 86027 “A MAN IS KNOWN BY THE COMPANY HE KEEPS” That is why LEADERS of Business { and Society make their head- ‘ quarters at the PANTLIND HOTEL “An entire city block of Hospitality’ GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Rooms $2.25 and up. Cafeteria ote Sandwich Shop THE ROWE GRAND RAPIDS The Most Popular Hotel in Western Michigan 300 ROOMS — SHOWERS SERVIDOR Direction of American Hotels Corp. J. Leslie Kincaid, President .o, oem e CODY HOTEL GRAND RAPIDS RATES—$1 up without bath. $2.00 up with bath. CAFETERIA IN CONNECTION ALL GOOD ROADS LEAD TO IONIA AND THE REED INN Excellent Dining Room Rooms $1.50 and up MRS. GEO. SNOW, Mgr. Park Place Hotel Traverse City Rates Reasonable—Service Superb —Location Admirable. GEO. ANDERSON, Mgr. ALBERT J. ROKOS, Ass’t Mor. New Hotel Elliott STURGIS, MICH. 50 Baths 50 Running Water ; European D. J. GEROW, Prop. Occidental Hotel FIRE PROOF CENTRALLY LOCATED Rates $2.00 and up EDWARD R. SWETT, Mor. Muskegon ote Michigan Columbia Hotel KALAMAZOO Good Place To Tie To FE ELS CI = SpE Cs enc ee we” January 31, 1934 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 17 Charles F. Reisner, successful movie director who fought his way from a poor boy’s home to a mansion in Bev- erly Hills by his own efforts, declares that the man who says: “I will do it,” owns 51 per cent. of the stock in the project he is undertaking. But he can- not stop there and win success. He must organize his work and himself, prepare to take an occasional loss and only using the voting power to keep himself in his task.” A restaurant operator I know out here is doing his best to neutralize the thought of hard times by slipping his patrons a card which they are bound to read, and at least starts their thoughts in another channel. “Did you ever stop to think: That hard times mean nothing to a hen? She just keeps on digging worms and laying eggs, re- gardless of what the newspapers say about conditions. If the ground is hard she scratches harder. If it is dry she digs deeper. If she strikes a rock she digs around it. But always she digs up worms and turns them into hard-shelled products, as well as ten- der broilers. Did you ever see a pes- simistic hen? Did you ever know of one starving to death waiting for worins to dig themselves to the sur- face? Did you ever hear one cackle because times are hard? Not on your life; she saves her breath for digging and her cackle for eggs.” Here is a card posted in the rooms of a popular Los Angeles hotel which my attention was called to the other day: “We intend to pay our employes well so they will not require tips in order to give you the maximum of. service. When you pay our regular charges you have done everything required of you to assure your perfect satisfaction. Tip- ping is positively prohibited, and its encouragement by an employe will re- sult in his discharge.” As the hotel has a wonderful reputation for stick-to- to-it-1veness, I am inclined to believe the order will be respected if the guests will do their part. Frank S. Verbeck. >> Advertising Allowances to Retailers Kenneth Dameron, Deputy Adimin- istrator of the NRA, has issued the fol- lowing statement regarding the giving of advertising allowances to retailers, which the grocers’ code and most other codes forbid except under sharp re- strictions: “Many code provisions strike at the very center of the advertising allaw- ance problem. Some would do away with them completely; others would modify their use. The advertising al- lowance is not in itself a bad or un- economic device. It enables the manu- facturer to aid the retailer in promoting sales. It should stimulate both in vok ume and! quality of advertising. It fre- quently enables the retailer to receive advertising on a class or line of prod- ucts which his budget would not other- wise permit. It may tend to place the control of advertising in the hands of the functionary best qualified to han- dle it. On the other hand the advertising allowance is open to a number of abuses. The allowance may become a modified bribe. It may never be used for advertising or sales promotion. Dealers who do not receive an allow- ance become disgruntled and dealers who receive one may become suspicious that some other dealer is gaining a greater advantage. These things indi- cate the possibility of a market de- moralization.” Excess Coffee Now Mostly Burned Up For several years, as readers of this paper know, the coffee market has been characterized by low the cost of production in some very low prices—be- cases—because the supply of Rio and Santos—Santos is the largest selling of the coffees—was ex_ milder grossly cessive. To cure this Brazil adopted the drastic move of burning millions of bags in order to get rid of the excess, after which they aimed to keep down the production permanently, A statement came to States Brazil during the which seems to indicate that the plan has succeeded. Coffee Control Department, which has been in charge of destroying excess United week the from Federal The Brazilian coffee, claims now to have gotten the supply down to where it belongs. During the three years this has been going on $200,000,000 was spent merely for coffee to destroy, and 26,000,000 bags of 132 pounds each were burned. Ask Change in Invoice Rule An appeal to Treasury Department officials to temporarily at least, the order requiring German ex- porters to include home market value on invoices covering goods shipped to this country, will be made shortly by importers here. The importers con- tend that the regulation, adopted be- “scrip” in the Ger- suspend, cause of the use of man market, is causing widespread con- fusion abroad and unnecessary expense and trouble to importers. Lacking tech- nical knowledge of the United States interpretation of “home market value,” it is claimed, German exporters fre- quently put high home valuations on their goods to impress foreign custo- mers and, as a consequence, duty is assessed at the high figure. Lace-Curtain Orders Ahead With some manufacturers reporting sales 100 per cent. ahead of those for last January, the lace curtain industry this month is enjoying one of the most active periods Fall. Re-orders from retailers in cities throughout the East and Middle West ‘have been heavy and have called for quantities of goods to retail at $2 to $6. In contrast to conditions in the market last year, when only $1 and $2 numbers sold in volume, the stores are calling for wide assortments of $2, $3 and $5 lace cur- since tains. January usually is an inactive month so far as reorders are con- cerned, —_»2~______ To Curtail Wide Sheetings Curtailment of production of wide sheetings on looms 45 inches or wider to 75 per cent. of the hours permitted by the Cotton Textile Code for twelve weeks beginning on Jan. 29 has been decreed by the Recovery Administrator, it was announced by the industry’s code authority. In addition, no mill, which has not for a period of 90 days prior to Jan. 5, operated such looms, will be permitted to engage in the pro- duction of wide sheetings. —— +2 >—___ Swim Suit Mills Curb Orders Several of the mills producing bet- ter grade bathing suits in the primary market decided this week not to accept any new accounts for the remainder of the season. They will continue, how- ever, to fill re-orders from established outlets. The step was taken as a pro- tective measure against any further re- duction of hours in the industry. With production already cut considerably by the shorter-work week, mills want to be certain that they can fill all orders on their books. By not accepting any new business, they will be reasonably sure of taking care of their old cus- tomers. —_++._____ Gabby Gleanings From Grand Rapids G, A. grocer, leaves early in February for the Lindemulder, the wholesale Pacific coast, where he and his wife will spend a month, including a visit with their son, who is a practicing phy- sician at San Diego. The business will be managed during Mr. Lindemulder’s absence by John F. Top, who is chief factotum at the store while Mr. Linde- mulder is in evidence. Raymond Jensen and Stuart Keller, both of Grand Rapids, named chairman and secretary-treasurer, respectively, of the retail drug store code compliance committee for the fifth congressional district, Kent Ottawa counties, at a meeting held here. Other including and members of the committee are M. N. Henry of Lowell, Henry Wilson of Holland, James A. Skinner of Cedar Mulder and Fred Speaker at the Mare Of Lan- Springs, and John Norton, Grand Rapids. meeting here were E. J. sing, state director of drug stores, Lee Wilson Hutchins, local wholesaler; and Duncan Weaver of Fennville, president of the state association. —_2++____ Lamp Buyers Still Active A continued demand for medium- price lamps is reported in the whole- sale market as buyers visit showrooms forthcoming Current to purchase goods for home furnishings promotions. orders for immediate delivery are con- fined largely to merchandise to retail for $2.50 to $12.50. The preference for table lamps, which was noted at the trade opening last week, was less evi- dent in this week’s buying. Standing lamps of both bridge and indirect light- ing buyers. Lamp-shade brisk with rayon, silk and parchment shades requested by continues are business styles in demand. GOODWIN CONTRACTS (Continued from page 1) moters invested their project before launching it upon the churches will have been in large part, if not alto- gether, withdrawn. The worst thing that could happen to the Christian church in connection with this ominous episode is that when the bubble bursts—as it is sure to do, and more quickly than many suspect— the church of Christ shall be found in- side of it! That would be the nadir of her humiliation A church thus self- prostituted would be the object of con- tempt and ridicule by the community. —Christian Century. When we have a chain of circum- stances, it usually is because we forged the links. ’ —_2.-.____ What is desirable is quite generally longed for, but not so generally worked for, Manufacturing Matters Detroit_The Waldorf Co. 94] Jefferson been organized to manufacture, deal in Importing East avenue, has and import liquors with a capital stock of $50,000, $10,000 being subscribed and paid in. Detroit — Distillers & sTeweries, Inc., 541 Free Press Bidg., Riverside I has been organized to manufacture and sell malt and other beverages with a capital stock of $5,000, $2.000 being subscribed and paid in. Highland Park — The Centerlock Drill & 12125 : , : : : Nas merged its Manutacturing business Bushing Co., Cardoni, into a stock company under the same with a capital stock of $50,000, all subscribed and paid in. Detroit—The Union Wine & Spirits Products Co., 1442 Majestic Bidg., has been organized to manufacture and sell style alcoholic beverages with a capital stock of 10.000 shares at $1 a share. $10,000 being subscribed and paid in. Detroit—The Levin Glove & Mer- cantile Co., 218 West Jefferson ave- nue, manufacturer of cotton and leather gloves, wholesaler, has the business into a stock company under the same style with a capital stock of $11,880, all subscribed and paid in. merged New Blanket Lines Priced blankets for Fall of this take shape yesterday when the Nashua Manufacturing Co. and W. S. lists on Prices on year began to Libbey & Co. issued new cotton and part-wool styles. The Nashua basis for all-cotton staples is set at 52% On 5 per cent. part-wool styles 62% cents per cents per pound. pound is quoted and for 25 per cent. part-wool numbers, 82% cents per pound. These prices are up sharply from the opening levels of 1933, but slightly below the ceiling prices of last Summer. The line of cotton styles was opened by Libbey at prices ranging from $1.19 to $3.75. Golden Fleece For 2-Period Prices Again The suggestion has been advanced in the primary knit goods market that mills the three-period pricing plan, in effect up to a few years ago, to benetit buyers who place orders might revive early. In the last few years, a steadily declining market made such a practice impossible. A the scheme by which prices are raised for resumption of each of the three periods might benefit large chains and mail order houses, it was thought, and enable them to over- conie any differential given to jobbers, ——_»~-~-___ Style Trends Help Millinery The style developments in millinery pres- favorable reaction to the new ages one of the best Spring seasons in this merchandise in recentyears. Buyers are continuing to place substantial or- ders for merchandise for two to four with all indications weeks’ delivery, pointing to an early broadening of con- sumer demand. The major styles in- clude the Breton sailor, off-the-face models and new brim types. —_+++_ Strapping boxes with steel re-enforc- ing strips is speeded by a new hand tool which first fastens the strap, then, at one stroke, applies a seal, seals the joint, cuts the strap from the coil. 18 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN January 31, 1934 DRUGS Michigan Board of Pharmacy President—Earl Durham, Corunna. Vice-President—M. N. Henry, Lowell Other members of the Board—Norman Weess, Evart; Frank T. Gillespie, St. Joseph; Victor C. Piaskowski, Detroit. Director—E. J. Parr, Lansing. Examination Sessions — Three sessions are held each year, one in Detroit, one in the Upper Peninsula and one at Ferris Institute, Big Rapids. Michigan State Pharmaceutical Association. Officers elected at the Jackson Conven- tion of the M. S. P. A. President—Duncan Weaver, Fennville. First Vice-President — Paul Gibson, Ann Arbor. Second Vice-President — J. E. Mahar, Pontiac. Treasurer — Wm. H. Johnson, Kalama- ZOO, Secretary—R. A. Turrel, Croswell. Executive Committee—A. A. Sprague, Ithaca; Leo J. LaCroix, Detroit: J. M. Ciechanowsky, Detroit: M. N. Henry, Lowell; Benj. Peck, Kalamazoo; J. E. Mahar, Pontiac. Do You Man Your Sales Crew Prop- erly? I’ve heard it said that the employee is a fairly good reflector of the ideals and personality of the employer. If this truth prevails in business gen- erally, it is doubly true in the case of the average retail establishment em- persons those few Somewhere ploying few and usually working under the intimate su- pervision of the who employs them. In the great industrial plant, there is little intimacy between the di- recting ‘heads of the business and the rank and file of workers. The clerk in the drug store is the di- rect representative of the owner. What- ever his rank in the organization, the influence of the impression that the clerk registers with the public is a dy- namic force in its relation to store prestige. If two drug stores are alike in equipment and values, the only chance for one attaining ascendancy in man popularity over the other is in the qual- ity of its service, and that depends upon the quality of the personnel. In any business, no one can be un- important who represents that business in its contacts with the public. The business man who does not realize this elementary fact cannot handle his sales force properly, for he has not himself a Proper understanding of the potential value of his assistants and their rela- tion to the success of the business. Somehow, by some subconscious pro- cess of analysis, it is usually very easy to sense the retail establishment where- in every clerk is imbued with the pre- cepts and ideals of a proprietor who is an astute merchandiser, constantly planning every move to enhance the goodwill value of his business. The fact that certain drug stores with a high employee turn-over seem to ex- perience a corresponding difficulty in holding their trade, suggests the close affinity between ability in personnel supervision and_ general managerial ability, In many drug stores, it appears, there is an entire lack of scientific pro- cedure in the selection of suitable em- ployee material, and little or no methodical system for training new clerks in the special requirements of the retail drug business in general and the policies of the store in particular. The inevitable result is a sales organ- ization deficient in ability or enthusi- asm or both. The hiring and handling of retail salespersons cannot be reduced to an infallible formula, but certain principles established by universal experience seem to suggest that what a druggist can get out of his assistants depends very largely upon what he puts into them:—that is, into their employment— in the way of training, counsel, inspira- tional example, and incentive. Human material cannot be handled like inanimate the more inherently fine the human ma- raw material, and terial, the more sensitive and vulnerable it will be to the ill effects of poor ex- ample or incompetent supervision. It is strange, but true, that many well- meaning have de- attention to the psychology of the multifarious require- ments of customer contacts, seem to pharmacists, who voted considerable have given little study to that factor such paramount tance in building perfect drug store which is of impor- service—the clerks behind the counter. It has always seemed to me that the relationship of the proprietor of the one-man business to his assistants is, or should be, a sort of paternal relation. He clerks; sonal association with them every day in the week, and should naturally cre- works with his is in per- ate more of the spirit of comradery, if I may call it that, than the titular em- ployer of the factory or wholesale es- tablishment who probably would never have an opportunity to meet the rank and file of workers except at an anni versary celebration or Christmas party of the firm. The relationship I have suggested tends to the establishment of a family spirit—the spirit that makes for effec- tive team play. The theory has been applied with unquestionable benefit by individual employers of as many as one hundred people; therefore, it should certainly be practicable in the case of the average retail drug business, I know a druggist who employs twenty-five clerks who has just as strong a grip on the sentiment and loy- alty of his selling crew as if he were the father of all of them. But that is not all. He has won an enviable grip on public goodwill and esteem by his widely-heralded good fellowship swith his working organization. He has simply put the humane fac- tor into play for business purposes, and human nature has responded with com- mendatory word-of-mouth advertising by employees and friends of the busi- ness of a value beyond calculation in money. When the local Rotary or Kiwanis Club has a big party, he purchases tick- ets for all his helpers, thus giving practical expression to his belief that the retail workers of a city are an im- portant part of its mercantile structure and an important factor in its business life. There are other druggists who treat their employees fairly, but unwittingly keep them in the obscurity that pre- vents the clerks from realizing their importance in the social scheme of things. They fail to realize, apparent- ly, that while their businesses are one- man affairs in the sense of ownership, they are not one-man affairs in the sense of public relations. I heard a big business man say: “There is no business on earth that man cannot ruin, but there are that no one man can run and achieve the maximum of success. Or- ganization has been the secret of all outstanding business successes from the Steel Trust down.” This suggests that the personality of the successful retail business must be a composite of principles and ideals—- not the dogma of a dictator who re- gards his subordinates as mere puppets. No one man is infallible, and it is fre- quently a common observation that the difference between the employer and the employee is one more of capital than of intelligence. The druggist or other retailer who underestimates the primary importance of his employees is at a big disadvan- tage in getting the organization spirit and enthusiasm out of them. A sales force can never be handled properly if it is regarded as a necessary evil, and the weekly payroll is the incubus*of a penurious proprietor who would sub- stitute machines for salespeople if he could do so. one many To deal successfully with human be- ings, one must love them all—abstract- ly at least—if for nothing more than the never-ending interest afforded by their kaleidoscopic variegation of char- acteristics, emotions and reactions. Some druggists are selfish uncon- sciously—not so much in matters of money as in matters of initiative: they do not foster the development of the better employee material by testing it with occasional new responsibilities. And those are quite apt to be the drug- gists who complain of their inability to delegate some of their responsibility so as to lighten their routine work. Tally Books, Arch Files, File Parts, line. Grand Rapids Are You Prepared For 1934 How about Blank Books? Ledgers, Journals, Record Books, Day Books WE CARRY A COMPLETE STOCK ALSO—Order, Petty Day, Counter, Auto and Wagon Delivery Books, Letter Files, Memorandum Books, Prescription Files, “Fremont” Simple Account Files, Weis Account F iles, Shannon’s Shannon Boards with Clips, Arch Dennison’s Pin Tickets and Mark- ing Tags. — Complete Stock on Hand. Send us your order, or come in and see our sample We Hope 1934 Will Be Your Lucky Year! Hazeltine & Perkins ‘Naturally, they are unfair to them- selves: for there should be, and usually is, at least one man in every retail drug store organization thoroughly capable of functioning for the owner in a con- tingency. In any case where this is not so, it is a reflection on the proprietor’s qualifications in choosing and training his co-workers. In regard to this phase of employee management, a successful druggist told this writer: “I believe in giving every man in my employ some definite re- sponsibility, the amount depending up- on the ability he shows: and as his abil- ity increases, I believe in giving him more. Those who are so small as to allow a little responsibility to sweil their heads should not have any. By making such employee responsible for some part of the business, I increase my business and lighten my own la- bors, giving myself more time for big- ger things.” The druggist who imagines he does not need the confidence of his clerks as much as the confidence of his cus- tomers is on the wrong track. The seed of ardent interest in the business simply will not propagate in that cryptic at- mosphere under which the clerk is denied all knowledge of costs, is thought no more of than a fixture, and knows nothing about the inside work- ings of the establishment, The philosophy is deadly to the ambition, loyalty, and enthusiasm of a retail business organ- ization; such a philosophy belongs to the feudal ages. to make the salesperson his or her own “boss,” responsible to his or her own concience and judgment of right and wrong. archaic “‘boss” The modern idea is Of course, it is true, if a man can- not to himself: “I am my own boss; I am the master of my destiny,” then that unfortunate type of individual say Income Tax Records, Drug Co. Michigan Sie 3 ee hind apgaat January 31, 1934 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 19 all his days. How- ever, that type of indvidual is never the selling type. There is no denying that many drug store workers are of a temperamental makeup that prevents them from being valuable employees This article is not meant to deal with exceptions to the rule—the speci- has to be “bossed” in this sphere of work, mens sometimes found in drug stores, who would better have gone into offices or factories, or hired out as elevator or chauffeurs—but, barring these exceptions, the making of effici- store personnel is largely within control of the druggist who is willing to devote the necessary time and pains to the development of such a fine drug store organization that he will want to keep it intact for years. The man who employs another need maudlin conception of philanthropic interest in ‘his employee in order to be deserving of public re- spect, but he should exhibit a sympa- thetic interest in the things that make for a contented attitude of mind on the part of the employee. If there seems to be something ‘wrong” with an employee, it is within the scope of the proprietor’s legitimate interest to ascertain what the trouble is, and how he (the employer) may be able to alleviate it. How much better this policy than to think that the clerk whose heart may be crushed with trouble, or spirit dulled by worry, is a disinterested ‘malcontent, simply be- cause he does not “prove up’ some day! There are many employees in retail stores who are not at their full effici- ency by reason of some hidden per- sonal problem which might disappear like the snow before the April sun if the right counsel could be brought to bear upon it. In those occasional in- stances where the employer is not him- self in a position to offer what he is certain is the soundest advice, he can undoubtedly take steps to put the em- ployee in touch with others more cap- able of adjusting the difficulty than he. The bread that the merchant casts upon the waters in this form of prac- tical sympathy is reasonably certain to come back in the form of increased zeal in service to the store and loyalty to the friendly employer. The human touch is good for any salesman, wholesale or retail. Many a good salesman would be a better asset to the house if the proprietor would cperators ent drug not observe a take an interest occasionally in the salesman’s hobbies, ambitions and achievements. (Salespersons have a great deal to contend with in dealing with the public, and they often have their own periods of depression, dur- ing which the observant executive who knows human emotions and reactions, can help matters a whole lot with a lit- tle personal consideration and a word of encouragement. “Clerks,” ingly, are like store fixtures; easily replaced. But is it always as easy to replace a clerk as it would be to replace a showcase? It all de- some dealers say disparag- they are just pends. Some clerks are so valuable that it would take an exceptional man to succeed *hem, and then it would take him some time to acquire the same local goodwill. Other clerks can easily be replaced. Most clerks of that kind, however, should never have been engaged. The clerk problem is truly a serious prob- lem, although many druggists seem not to recognize it as such, Hiring a clerk should not be done in the same manner as hiring a day laborer; nor should a clerk’s salary be When the drug- gist employs a man to work behind the counter, he clerk’s that of a day laborer. investigate the courtesy and willingness to work as well as his am- should reputation for bition and personal habits. If the candidate for employment is polite, nered, well-groomed, and well-man- hire him and pay him a salary that will make him want to work his head off instead of doing just enough to “get by.” Better three clerks well paid and going top speed to increase sales, than five poorly paid and lacking to day. valuable but it should not always be the interest to excel from day Previous experience is a asset, determining factor in the selection of assistants. If a had no specific drug store experience, that salesperson has is not necessarily a sufficient reason for refusing to employ him, For, if he be the right “selling timber,’ he will ab- sorb more from two weeks training than another might in two years. intensive type of clerk If he has evident selling intuition and a reasonable amount of personality, he should be worth hiring and training, especially if he is a local resident who may reasonably be presumed to be de- sirous of obtaining permanent local em- ployment. “Drifters” are disappointing to the druggist-enyployer, whether the cause of their being “drifters” is lack of ability and personal poise or just plain wanderlust. The time invested in schooling them in your special require- ments prove time wasted. Don't usually and policies is quite likely to be constantly instructing the clerk that the should “do this” and “should not do that.’ Put him on his own initiative to the greatesc possible extent, his own good judgment once in a while. Thus encouraged, the some new ideas that will prove profit- able to the store. Let him use his head: it will make him more contented, and in him prove and give him a chance to use may conceive the confidence that you show will stimulate his ambition to his ability to you. Except for extraordinary circum- stances, the clerk should always be made to feel that the employer trusts him. Don’t go out of the store as though you would be gone for a few in a few min- the clerk hours and then return utes to see what he is doing; will get the idea that he is under sur- veillance, and when there is not reason he will naturally harbor resent- When you hire there is no for it, ment at such tactics. the right kind of a man, need for spying in that manner. Finally, I want druggist that there should be no such thing as an immutable salary standard for the drug store salesman or sales- woman. Under such a policy, there can be no incentive for ambition, for (Continued on page 23) to admonish the WHOLESALE DRUG PRICE CURRENT Prices quoted are nominal, based on ACID Acetic, No. 8, lb. 06 @ 10 Boric, Powd., or Xtal, lb. _..._. 08%@ 20 Carbolic,Xtal,lb. 36 @ 43 Clrrie |b. 35 @ 45 Muriatic, Com’l., ae 03%@ 10 Nitric. 1b. = 08 @ 15 Oxalic, De 15 @ 25 Sulphuric, lb... 034%@ 10 Tartarie, Ib. /35 @ 46 ALCOHOL Denatured, No. 5 ab 44 5 Grain, gal... 4 00@5 00 Wood, gal______ 50 ALUM-POTASH_ USP Bump, ib. 06 @ 13 Powd. or Gra.,lb. 054@ 13 AMMONIA Concentrated, lb. 06 @ 18 4b wae 13 oon, te 054%@ 13 Carbonate, Ib... 20 @ 25 Muriate. ip. Ib_ 18 @ 320 Muriate, Gra., lb. 08 @ 18 Muriate, Po., lb.. 20 @ 30 ARSENIC PONG fo 07 20 BALSAMS Copaiba, Ib... ___ 60@1 40 Fir, Cana., lb... 2 00@2 40 Pir, Oreg., Ib.--. 50@1 00 Por, Wy 2 00@2 50 Tolu, Ib. 1 50@1 80 BARKS Cassia Ordinary, lb.__ @ 30 Ordin., Po., lb. 25 @ 35 Saigon, Ib.____ @ 40 Saigon, Po., lb. 50 @ 60 Bim th 40 @ 50 Elm, Powd., lb. 38 @ 45 Elm, G’d, 1b.____ 88 @ 45 Sassafras (P’d lb. 45) @ 35 Soaptree cut, lb. 20 @ 30 Soaptree, po., lb. 35 @ : 40 BERRIES Cubeh, Ib. ______ @ 35 Cubeb, po., lb.__ @ 75 Juniper, lb.-.-...10 @ 20 BLUE eo Found 92 1 @ 15 ace P’d or Xtal, Ib. 06 @ 13 BRIMSTONE BOung@ 04 @ 10 CAMPHOR Found @ 8 CANTHARIDES Russian, Powd. _ @4 50 Chinese, Powd.. @2 00 CHALK Crayons, White, dozen__ @3 60 Dustless, doz._ @6 00 French Powder, - ih 03%@ 10 Precipitated, Ib. 12 @ 15 Prepared, lb. ——— te @ 1G White, lump, Ib. 03 @ 10 eon Rods, ib @ 70 Powder, io a @ 75 OVES Whole, Ib... 30 @ 40 Powdered, Ib... 35 @ 45 AINE Ounce _ 12 68@14 85 COPPERAS meal I 034%@ 106 Powdered, lb... 04 @ 15 CREAM rere Pound @ 36 apaei acu Found 40 @ 50 DEXTRINE Yellow Corn, 1b. 06%@ 15 White apse Ib. 07 @ 15 XTRACT Witch Habel Yel- low Lab., gal._ 1 10@1 70 Licorice, P'd. Ib. 50 @ 60 er, Arniea, tb. @ 455 Chamomile. German, 1b.-_. 35 @ 45 Roman, 1b.____ @1 00 Saffron. American, 1b..50 @ 55 Spanish, ozs._ @1 35 FORMALDEHYDE, BULK Pound 09 @ 20 FULLER’S EARTH Powder, lb._____ 0 @ 10 GELATIN Pound 55 @ 65 GLUE Brok., Bro., lb... 20 @ 30 Gro’d, Dark, 1b.. 16 @ 22 Whi. Flake, Ib... 27%@ 35 White G’d.. lb.-. 25 @ 35 White AXX light, De oe 40 Rippon 2 42%@ 50 GLYCERINE Pound 22.2! 144%@ 35 GUM Aloes. Barbadoes, so called,lb.gourds @ Powd., ib. 35 @ Aloes, Socotrine, PD @ 2 POW Ib. @ Arabic, first, lb._ @ Arabic, sec., Ib._ @ Arabic, sorts, lb. 15 @ Arabic, Gran,, lb. @ Arabic, Pd, Ib. 25 @ Asafoetida, lb. 47@ Asafoetida, Po., lb. 75@ Guaiae ih @ Guaiac, powd. __ @ Ning, Ip. 2 @ Kino, powd., lb._ @1 Myrrh ib. @ Myrrh Pow.. lb. @ Shellac, Orange, Jp ese 22%@ Ground, 1D 224%@ Shellac, white, (bone dr’d) ‘lb. 35 @ Tragacanth, NO 1. bbls 1 60@2 No, 2 tha. I aaa Fow., Ib... 1 25@1 HONEY Pound | 25 eo Sue ee @1 25 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Pound, gross __27 00@29 ¥% lb., gross__._17 00@18 % Ib., pepe ees 00@11 tee Madras, 1b fo 2 00@2 INSECT POWDER 00 00 50 Pure i 41 LEAD a Mtal jb. @ 2 Powd. & Gran._ 25 @ 35 LICORICE Extracts, sticks, per box____. 150 @2 00 Lozenges, Ib._.. 40 @ 50 Wafers, (24s) box @1 50 LEAVES Buchu, lb., short @ 60 Buchu, Ib. long. @ Buchu, P’d., Ib. . 70 Sage, bulk, AB — oa 8 30 Sage, loose pressed. 14s, lb. @ 40 Sage, ounces ___ @ 85 Sage, P’d & Grd. @ 35 Senna, Alexandria, lb. 35 @ 40 Tinnevella, Ib._ 25 @ 40 Powd., Ib... 25 @ 35 Uva Ursi, lb. ___ @ 31 Uva Ursi,P’d, Ib. @ 45 LIME Chloride, med., dz. @ 85 Chloride large. dz. @1 45 LYCOPODIUM Pound =. 45 @ 60 MAGNESIA Carb., 4s, ib..__ @ 30 Carb., 1/16s, 1b._ @ 3 Carb., P’wd., 1b. 15 @ 25 Oxide, Hea., 1b._ @ 175 Oxide, light, 1b... @ 75 ENTHOL FPoung 20. 4 54@4 88 MERCURY Pound 1 50@1 75 MORPHINE Ounéeg @11 80 Se @13 96 MUSTARD Bulk, Powd.. select, ibe 45 @ 50 No, 7, lb... 2 @ 35 NAPHTHALINE Balls, ho 09 @ 18 Hiake Ip 69 @ 18 NUTMEG Pound @ 40 Powdered, Ib.___ @ 50 NUX VOMICA Pound 2. @ 25 Powdered, lb.___ 15 @ 2 OIL ESSENTIAL Almond, Bit., true, ozs. @ 50 Bit., art. ozs._ @ 30 Sweet, true, lb. 1 40@2 00 Sw’t, art., Ibs. 1 00@1 25 Amber, crude, Ib. 71@1 40 Amber, rect., Ib. 1 30@2 00 Anise, th... 1 00@1 60 Bay, i 4 00@4 25 Bergamot Ib.___ 3 00@3 60 Cajeput, Ib._.___ 1 50@2 00 caraway S’d, lb. 2 80@3 40 Cassia, USP, Ib.. 2 10@2 60 Cedar Leaf, Ib... 1 70@2 20 Cedar Leaf, Com, Ib... 1 00@1 25 Citronella, Ib.___ 1 05@1 40 Claves, th. 1 75@2 25 Croton, lbs._____ 4 00@4 60 Cuheb, Ib... 4 25@4 80 Brigeron 1b.____ 2 70@3 35 Eucalytus, 1b.... 85@1 20 Fennel 2 25@2 60 market the day of issue. Hemlock, Pu., Ib. 1 70@2 20 Heml’k Com., lb. 1 00@1 25 Juniper Ber., lb. 3 00@3 20 Junip’r W'd, Ib._ 1 50@1 75 Lav. Flow., Ib... 3 50@4 00 Lav. Gard., Ib... 1 25@1 50 Lemon, th... 1 75@2 25 Mustard, true, ozs. @1 50 Mustard art., ozs. @ 35 Orange, Sw., lb.. 3 00@3 25 Origanum, art, 1 1 00@1 20 Pennyroyal, lb.__ 2 75@3 20 Peppermint, lb. 5 26@5 75 OSG, Gr @2 50 Rose, Geran., ozs. 50@ 95 Rosemary Flowers, lb._._. 1 00@1 50 Sandalwood, Bm Ly ib... 8 00@8 60 Web 4 50@4 75 Sassafras, tue, Ik 1 90@2 40 Sym bo 85@1 40 Spearmint, Ib.___ 2 50@3 00 Ransy. ih. -- 3 50@4 00 Thyme, Red, Ib.. 1 50@2 00 Thyme, Whi., Ib. 1 75@2 40 Wintergreen Leaf, true, lb._ : TH@6 20 Birch, Ib. __.. 4 00@4 60 SW oo 75@1 20 Wormseed, Ib. -. 3 50@4 00 Wormwood, Ib. ~ 4 50@5 00 : OILS HEAVY Castor, gal 45@1 60 Cocoanut, lb... 2216@ 35 Cod Liver, Nor- wegian, gal. _. 1 20@1 50 Cot. Seed, gal._ 85@1 00 Lard, ex., gal._ a4 55@1 65 Lard No. 1, gal. 1 25@1 40 Linseed, raw, gal. 77@ 92 Linseed, boil., gal. 80@ 95 Neatsfoot, extra, gal Jae 80@1 00 Olive, Malaga, gal. -. 2 50@3 00 Pure, gal.__... 3 00@5 00 Sperm, gal. _____ 1 26@1 50 Tanner, Gar 75@ 90 Tar gal AEG 50@ 65 Whale, gal. _____ @2 00 : OPIUM Gum, ozs., $1. ~ ie 7 50@20 00 Powder, ozs., $1 - ih 17 50@20 00 Gran., ozs., $1.40; i 17 50@20 00 oe Pound 064%@ 15 EPPER Black, we lb... 25 @ 35 Red, erd., Ib ee 45 @ 55 White. erd., lb. 40 @ 45 PITCH BURGUNDY Found 20 @ 25 PETROLATUM Amber, Plain,lb. 12 @ 17 Amber, Carb.,lb. 14 @ 19 Cream Whi., lb. 17 @ 22 Lily White, ib. - 20 @ 25 Snow White, lb._ 22 @ 27 PLASTER PARIS a Barrela hess ane a 08 POTASSA Caustic, st’ks,lb. 55 @ 88 Liquor, Ib... @ 40 sy lunar Acetate Ib... @ 96 Bicarbonate, Ib. = @ 35 Bichromate, Ib._ @ 25 Bromide, bo 66 @ 98 Carbonate, Ib... 30 @ 35 Chlorate, Ateh, 1b 17 @ 23 Powe th 17 @ 23 Gran. 1b 21 @ 28 lodiide, tb. eS 2 71@2 90 Permanganate, lb. 2214@35 Prussiate, Red Ib 80 @ 90 Yellow, ib. _ 50 @ 60 QUASSIA CHIPS Pound = 25 @ 30 Pow, 1 35 @ 40 QUININE 5 0Z. cans, ozs._ 77 SAL. Epsom, lh __ 03%@ 10 Glaubers, bump, Ib. 03 10 Gran, Ib 03% 10 Nitre, Xtal or Powd.. 10 @ 16 Gran, Ib 09 g 16 Rochelle, We 17 30 Soda, i 2% 08 ODA An 10 Bicarbonate 1b._ 4 10 Caustic, Co’l,, lb. 08 @ 15 Hyposulphite, Ib. 05 10 Phosphate, Ib.__ 23 $ 28 Sulphite, seal, jb 12 Dry, Powd., lb. 13% 20 Silicate, Sol., gal. 40 @ 50 TURPENTINE Galiong) 68 @ 78 20 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN January 31, 1934 GROCERY PRICE CURRENT The following list of foods and not intended as a guide for the buy declining upon the market. thus affected, that he has in stock. B The Michigan Tradesman is read ove impossible for it to quote prices to act grocer’s sundries is listed upon base prices, er. Each week we list items advancing and By comparing the base price on these items with the base price the week before, it shows the cash advance or decline in the mar- ket. This permits the merchant to take advantage of market advances, upon items y so doing he will save much each year. r a broad territory, therefore it would be as a buying guide for everyone. A careful merchant watches the market and takes advantage from it. ADVANCED Marcellus Corn Evap Peaches Seeded Raisins Coffee Post Bran Flakes \ Spices Vinegar | DECLINED AMMONIA Parsons, 32 oz, Parsons, 10 oz. Parsons, 6 0z. Little Bo Peep, med._. 1 35 Little Bo Peep, lge.--- 2 25 Quaker, 32 oz.._______ 2 10 APPLE BUTTER Table Belle, 12-31 oz., fen 2 1 BAKING POWDERS Royal, 2 oz., doz.--___ 80 Royal, 6 oz., doz.._.__ 2 00 Royal, 12 oz., doz..__.. 3 85 Royal, 5 Ibs., doz.____ 20 00 DA Ais e 10 0z., 4doz.in case__ 3 40 150z. 4doz.in case__ 5 00 25 0z., 4doz.in case__ 8 40 50 0z., 2doz.in case__ 7 00 5lb., 1doz.in case__ 6 00 10 Ib., % doz. in case__ 5 75 BLEACHER CLEANSER Clorox, 16 oz., 24s _____ 3 25 Clorox, 22 oz., 12s _____ 3 00 Lizzie, 16 0oz., 12s_____ 2 15 Sunrae, 18 oz., 12s___. 1 35 BLUING Am. Ball, 36-1 0z., cart. 1 00 Boy Blue, 18s, per cs. 1 35 BEANS and PEAS 100 lb. bag Dry Lima Beans, 100 Ib. 7 90 White H’d P. Beans__ 3 70 Split Peas, yell., 60 Ib. 3 90 Split Peas, gr’n, 60 Ib. 5 40 Scotch Peas, 100 lb.__. 7 60 BURNERS Queen Ann, No.1 _____ 1 15 Queen Ann, No. 2 _____ 1 25 White Flame, No. 1 and 2, doz... 2 25 BOTTLE CAPS Dbl. Lacquor, 1 gross pkg., per gross________ 15 BREAKFAST FOODS Kellogg’s Brands Corn Flakes, No. 136_. 2 99 Corn Flakes, No, 124. 2 90 Pep, No. 224 00 2 20 Pep Ne. 25) 1 05 Krumbles, No. 412... 1 4¢ Bran Flakes, No. 624__ 1 90 Bran Flakes, No. 650-_ $5 Rice Krispies, 6 0z.._-- 2 25 Rice Krispies, 1 0z..--- 1 10 All Bran, 16 oz. --. — 2 30 All Bran, 10 oz. _..._-- 2 75 All Bran, % oz. -----_- 11¢ Kaffe Hag, 6 1-lb. L rams 2 57 Whole Wheat Fia., 24s_2 20 Whole Wheat Bis., 24s 2 50 Post Brands Grapenut Flakes, 24s__ 2 10 Grape-Nuts, 24s _--__ 3 90 Grape-Nuts, 50s --.--_ 1 50 Instant Postum, No. 8 5 40 Instant Postum, No. 10 4 30 Postum Cereal, Ne. 0_ 2 25 Post Toasties, 36s_.____ 2 90 Post Toasties, 24s_____ 2 90 Post Brank, PBF 24__ 3 15 Post Bran, PBI 36__ 3 15 Sanka 6-11b... 2 57 Amsterdam Brands Gold Bond Par., No.5% 7 50 Prize, Parlor, No. 6_-. 8 00 White Swan Par., No.6 8 50 BROOMS Quaker, 5 sewed______ 6 75 Warehouse _____ 6 75 Romp Winner, 5 sewed__.___ 5 0 Top Notch 4 2 BRUSHES Scrub Solid Back, 8in. ____._ 1 50 Solid Back, lin. ______ 1 75 Pointed Ends —__._--__ 1 25 Stove Shaker 1 80 NO: BP 2 06 Peermess 2 60 Shoe No. 4-0 TSI 2 25 Ne.2-0 3 60 BUTTER COLOR Hansen's, 4 oz. bottles 2 40 Hansen's, 2 oz. bottles 1 60 CANDLES Electric Light, 40 Ibs._ 12.1 Plumber, 40 Ibs._..____ 12.8 Paraltine, 6s 14% Paraffine, 12s _._._____ 14% Mickie 40 Tudor, 6s, per box____ 30 CANNED FRUITS Hart Brand Apples NO 40 5 00 Apple Sauce No. 10, dozen___._____ 5 25 No. 2, Gozen. 1 10 Blackberries Pride of Michigan_____ 2 55 Cherries Mich. red, No. 10_____ 6 25 Pride of Mich., No. 2__ 2 60 Marcellus Red___._____ 2 10 Special Pie. 1 35 Whole White__________ 2 &@ Gooseberries No. 0. Pears Pride of Mich. No. 2% 2 25 Black Raspberries NG. Bo 2 60 Pride of Mich. No. 2__ 1 60 Red Raspberries No.2 2 2 25 NOt es 1 25 Marcellus, No. 2______ 1 70 Strawberries Ne 20 3 00 Som 80 Marcellus, No. 2______ 1 45 CANNED FISH Clam Ch’der, 10% oz._ 1 Clam Chowder, No. 2__ 2 Clams, Steamed No, 1 2 Clams, Minced, No. % 2 Finnan Haddie, 10 oz._ 3 30 Clam Bouillon, 7 oz.__ 2 Chicken Haddie, No. 1 2 Fish Flakes, small____ 1 Cod Fish Cake, 10 oz. 1 Cove Oysters, 5 oz... 1 lobster, No. 4% 2 Shrimp, 1, wet________ 1 50 Sard’s, 4 Oil, k’less__ 3 Sardines. %4 Oil, k’less 3 35 Salmon, Red Alaska___ 2 25 Salmon, Med. Alaska__ 1 80 Salmon, Pink, Alaska_ 1 50 Sardines, Im. 4, ea.6@13% Sardines, Cal, =. 1 00 Tuna, 4% Van Camps, doz. Tuna, 4s, Van Camps, Gee 115 Tuna, Is, Van Camps, pe, 3 45 Tuna, %s, Chicken Sea, Be 2 1 60 49 CANNED MEAT Bacon, med., Beechnut Bacon, lge., Beechnut_ Beef, lge., Beechnut___ Beef, med., Beechnut _ Beef, No. 1, Corned ___ Beef, No.1, Roast ____ Beef, 2% oz., Qua., Sli. Corn Beef Hash, doz. Be>fsteak & Onions, s. Chiii Con Car., 1s_____ Deviled Ham, %s _____ 90 Deviled Ham, %s _____ Potted Meat, %4 Libby 48 Potted Meat, % Libby_ 75 bt DO bet et ee DD OO © on rary oo a Potted Meat, % Qua.__ 63 Potted Ham, Gen. 4% __ 1 35 Vienna Saus. No. %_-_ 90 Vienna Sausage, Qua... 78 Baked Beans Campbells 48s ________ 2 30 CANNED VEGETABLES Hart Brand Asparagus Natural, Na 2... 3 00 Tips & Cuts, No. 2____ 2 25 Baked Beans 1 Ib. Sace, 36s, cs..____ 1 75 No. 2% Size, doz.____ 1 05 No. 10 Sauce__________ 4 00 Lima Beans Little Quaker, No. 10_ 7 90 1 Baby, No. 2. 60 Marcellus, No, 2._____ A 2 Reber Soaked ________ 95 Marcellus, No. 10______ 6 00 Red Kidney Beans No, 10. a No. 2 String Beans Choice, Whole, No. 2__ 1 60 Cut No. 10 7 25 Cut Ne 8 1 35 Marcellus Cut, No. 10. 6 00 Wax Beans Choice, Whole, No. 2__ 1 60 Cun Ne 10 7 25 Cut, No. 2 1 35 Marcellus Cut, No. 10. 5 50 Beets Extra Small, No. 2____ 2 00 Hart Cut, No. 10______ 425 Hart Cut, No. 2.) 90 Marcel. Whole, No. 2% 1 35 Hart Diced, No. 2__.. 90 Carrots mced. No.2 95 Diced, No.10 _____ 4 20 Corn Golden Ban., No.2 ___ 1 3 Golden Ban., No.10@ __10 Country Gen., No. 2.__ 1 Marcellus, No. 2... __ 1 Fancy Brosby, No. 2__ 1 Fancy Crosby, No. 10__ 6 Whole Grain, 6 Ban- fam No 2? 14 ARHSSK o Peas Little Dot, No. 2__.___ 215 Sifted E. June, No.10 _ 9 Sifted E. June, No.2 __ 1 75 Marcel., Sw. W No. 2_ 1 Marcel., E. June, No. 2 1 35 Marcel., E. Ju., No. 10 7 75 Pumpki. Ne 4 75 ND. 26 1 25 No.2 92% Sauerkraut NO We + 25 No. 2% Quaker_______ 1 35 No.2 oo, Spinach Ne 2 2 25 ee 1 80 Squash Beuston, No. 3_________ 1 35 Succotash Golden Bantam, No. 2_ 1 75 Hart, No. 2.00 1 55 Pride of Michigan_____ 115 Tomatoes No. 10 6 25 No: 3% 2 10 No. 2 2 1 55 Pride of Mich., No. 2% 1 35 Pride of Mich., No. 2__ 1 10 Tomato Jutce Hart, No. 10... CATSUP Regal, S$ oz... doz. Regal, 14 oz... doz. 1 28 Sniders, 8 oz......doz. 1 20 Sniders, 14 0z._____ doz. 1 85 Quaker, 8 oz. ____doz. 1 12 Quaker, 14 oz.____ doz. 1 36 CHILI SAUCE Sniders, 8 oz. Sniders. 14 oz. OYSTER COCKTAIL Spiders, 11 0Z...__.___ 2 00 CHEESE Roquetort 2. 80 Wisconsin Daisy ______ tt Wisconsin Twin ______ 13% New York June________ 23 hap Sago | 48 Bricker 17 Michigan Flats _______ 12% Michigan Daisies_______ 13 Wisconsin Longhorn____ 14 Imported Leyden ______ 28 1 Ib. Limberger________ 19 Imported Swiss ________ 60 Kraft, Pimento Loaf____ 22 Kraft, American Loaf__ 20 Kraft, Brick Loaf_______ 20 Kraft, Swiss Loaf______ 26 Kraft, Old End. oaf_____ 32 Kraft. Pimento, % Ib._ 1 60 Kraft, American, % lb. 1 50 Kraft, Brick, % Ib.____ 1 Kraft, Limbur., % Ib._ 1 3t Note that imported items are advancing due to the present dollar. CHEWING GUM Adams Black Jack______ 6t Adams Dentyne ________ 65 Beeman’s Pepsin eS Beechnut Pappermint___ 65 Doublemint 65 Peppermint, Wrigleys__ 65 Spearmint, Wrigleys__ 65 juicy Krave 65 Wrigley’s P-K____._____ 65 Peaperty 65 CHOCOLATE Baker, Prem., 6 lb. %_ 2 50 Baker, Pre., 6 lb. 2 oz. 2 60 CIGARS Hemt. Champions ___ 38 50 Webster Plaza ______ 75 00 Webster Golden Wed. 75 00 Websterettes ________ 33 50 Cintos 33 5U Garcia Grand Babies_ 40 00 Bradstreetgs _________ 50 Odins 40 00 R G Dun Boquet____ 75 (0 Perfect Garcia Subl._ 95 00 Hampton Arms Jun’r 33 00 Rancho Corono_______ 31 50 Kenway 2 20 00 Cocoanut Banner, 25 lb. tins____ 19% Snowdrift, 10 lb. tins_. 20 CLOTHES LINE Riverside, 50 ft..______ 2 20 Cupples Cord _________ 2 9 COFFEE ROASTED Lee & Cady 1 Ib. Package AArrow Brand _____ Boston Breakfast ____ 23 Breakfast Cup ___. 22 22 Competition __-_ 16% 1 20 Masestie 0 29 Morton House ________ 31 Netrow Quaker, in cartons______ 22 Quaker, in glass jars 2616 McLaughlin’s Kept- Fresh Coffee Extracts M. Y., per 100________ 12 Frank’s 50 pkgs._____ 4 25 Hummel’s 50, 1 Ib.____ 10% CONDENSED MILK Eagle, 2 0z., percase__ 4 60 CONFECTIONERY Stick Candy Pails Pure Sugar Sticks-600c Big Stick, 28 lb. case__ Horehound Stick, 120s Mixed Candy Kindergarten depanter French Creams_______ Paris Creams_________ oUDiter 2 Fancy Mixture________ Fancy Chocolate 5 lb. boxes Bittersweets, Ass’ted_ Nibble Sticks _________ Chocolate Nut Rolls__ Lady Vernon_________ Golden Klondikes_____ Gum Drops Cases Jelly Strings__._____ Tip Top Jellies____.__ Orange Slices_________ Lozenges Pails A.A. Pep. Lozenges ____ A. A. Pink Lozenges ____ A. A. Choc. Lozenges ___ Motto Hearts... Malted Milk Lozenges___ Hard Goods Pails Lemon Drops______.____ O. F. Horehound Drops_ Anise Squares ______ Peanut Squares ________ Cough Drops Bxs. Smith Bros. 1 45 fudeng | 1 45 Vick’s, 40/10c_________ 2 40 Specialties italian Bon Bons_______ Banquet Cream Mints__ Handy Packages, 12-10c 80 COUPON BOOKS 50 Economic grade__ 2 50 100 Economic grade__ 4 50 500 Economic grade__20 00 1000 Economic grade__37 50 Where 1,000 books are Ordered at a time, special- ly printed front cover is furnished without charge. CRACKERS Hekman Biscuit Company Saltine Soda Crackers, Sn 14 Saltine Soda Crackers, 1 i> oes. 1 86 Saltine Soda Crackers, 2 ib. pkes 3 26 Saltine Soda Crackers, 6% oz, pkgs.________ 1 00 Butter Crackers, bulk 13 Butter Crackers, 1 lb._ 1 Butter Crackers, 2 1b._ 3 Graham Crackers, bulk Graham C’s, 1 Ib._____ 1 90 Graham C’s, 2 Jb._____ 3 Graham C’s, 6% oz... 1 Junior Oyster C’s, blk. Oyster C’s, shell, 1 1b.. 1 Club Crackers__.______ 1 86 CREAM OF TARTAR 6 ib. bexée: ORIED FRUITS Apples N. Y. Fey., 50 lb. box__ N. Y. Fey., 14 oz. pkg. Apricots Evaporated, Ex.Choice 17 Fancy Ex. Fancy Moorpack____ 22 Citron 5 Ib. bow. a ae simeemmniiiaeanelll eee aaa : January 31, 1934 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 21 Currants JUNKET GOODS FRESH E Packages, 11 oz.________ 14. Junket Powder ______ — os Am Warntiy “a box_. 5 05 aes bgt on aa : 7 a, Pay y Holland Herring ho @e 2 toda au 18 unket Food Colors__ ‘op Steers ie. 16 Mle, Gee $0 Bole Mantua 16g tae ium -..--—---------- cock Good Steers & Heif.___- 09 Milkers, kegs 6 Fes wen Tee en Cee 21@28 perial, 12s, pitted 1 90 Med. Steers & Heif.___..08 Boneless, 10 Ib. box. 135 Jap Rose, 100 box 749 paney --—----------- 30@32 Imperial, 12s, regular_ 1 60 MARGARINE Com, Steers & Heif. ____ 07 ei iis 3 No. 1 Nibbs--------_-- 31 Imperial, i2s, 2 Ib. Wilson & Co.’s Brands fans Oe a 6 - imperial, 12s, 1 1b,---- Oleo Lake Herring ia eis 2 = Gunpowder i 08% Veal % bbl., 100 Ibs.__________ Bax 50 how 1 a4, Chee 32 Figs 2. ee - Camay, 72 box________ 305 Fancy ------------------ 40 : 2000 a 08 DP & ON oo EAAay Calif., 24-83, case__._ 1 70 . MATCHES Medium) (20.000 07 al meta Z “ Ceylon Diamond, No. 5, 144___ 6 60 Mackerel Grandpa Tar, 50 sm. __ 2.10 Pekoe, medium ___-____ 50 Peaches ik san § a Lamb oe “ oo fy. fat 6 00 Williams Barber Bar, 9s 50 Vv *hoice % Di (a i o oe - Fancy fat 150 Williams Mug, per doz. 48 English Breakfa vap. Choice 2 12% Diamond, No. 0______ 5 10 Pitas amp oe : Fux Toilet, 56... 3 15 Congou, medium — 28 Safety Matches Mien Le -ongou, choice _____ 35@36 Peel Red Top, G gross case 540 Poor 05 White Fish SPICES Congou, fancy ______ 42@43 Lemon, Dromdary, Signal Light, 5 gro. csd 40 Med, Fancy, 100 Ib.__ 13 00 Whole Spices onsets Wea 1 10 Milkers, bbls. _______- 18 50 Allspice Jamaica____-_ G4 max one 4 = — 110 Good Mutton 04% wi K - Norway-_ ¥ a Cloves, Zanzibar______ @36 ao es : " whe er ee aN ae tne ea RNG A eels OER OO bendahara ce lic Rr IN LT le 1) >. “SUSE Ra ca GL Sa Otintawn 0 eee a a ee eee eaters J Citron, Dromdary, MUELLER’S PRODUCTS Medium ______ mnie 03 a... im ae a a ey 50 4 oz., dozen_________ 110 Macaroni, 9 oz.________ 220 Poor oe 02 Boned, 10 lb. boxes_.__™_ 16 Ginger, AGica. a @19 ee ieee ga ae caroni, 9 oz._ i Ne Lo 0 : aeens y, "8s Noodles, 6 oz. --- 2 10 Seas ae oS cut enee : Seeded, bulk -——----—.- 6% Weg Vermicelli, 6 oz 210 Loins __....__________ 9% SHOE BLACKENING Sauent (a0 tig aan Collen se 35 Thompson s S'dless blk. 6% Egg Alphabets, 6 0z...210 Butts __----__-________- 2 in 1, Paste, doz._____ 130 >epper Black Toa aa -= or Sp eae 35 Quaker s'dless bik.-__- Cooked Spaghetti, 24c, Shoulders —_____ E. Z. Combination, dz. 1 30 eae vo 15 0Z, --------------- 1% og 220 Spareribs Dri-Foot, doz. -_______ 2 00 Quaker Seeded, 15 0z.-_ 7% Neck bones. 03 Bixbys, doz. .__-______ 1 30 Pure Ground in Bulk VINEGAR Trimmings ...-----__-_ 06 Shinola, doz.__-....... 99 -Allspice, Jamaica ___. @18 | F.O. B. Grand Rapids Cutan Go, eece ariel a a ws 3S < Sra a a -assia, Canton______-_ 22 ite Win i ‘ 90@100, 25 lb. boxes __@07 Whole Gee CaGin Git Whltg Wise. se asain 2 80@ 90, 26 lb. boxes -_-@07% Almonds, Peerless _.__ 15% STOVE POLISH Mustard) @21 ae 70@ 80, 25 Ib. boxes --@07% Brazil, large -__-____- 14% PROVISIUWwS Blackne, per doz.-____1 30 Mace Penang -______ @ 60@ 70, 25 lb. boxes --@08% Fancy Mixed _____- 15 Black Silk Liquid, doz. 130 Pepper, Black _____ @20 Be 50@ 60, 25 lb. boxes --@08% Filberts, Naples ______ 20 Barreled Pork Black Silk Paste, doz..1 25 Nutmegs _____________ Gu No é 1. ICKING {0@ 50, 25 lb. boxes --@09% Peanuts, Vir. Roasted 7 Clear Back___--16 00@1x 00 Enameline Paste, doz. 130 Pepper, White 30 No. y’ BER BTOSs ------- 80 30@ 40, 25 Ib. boxes-.@10 Peanuts, Jumbo ______ 8% Short Cut, Clear_.__1200 Enameline Liquid, doz. 130 Pepper, Cayenne _____ @2 No ¢ one = 1 25 30@ 40, 25 1b, boxes --@10% Pecans, 3, star __._------ 25 E. Z. Liquid, per dez..1 30 Paprika, Spanish __ @36 No 3° pon 8108S ------- 1 50 18@ 24, 25 1b. boxes .@15% Pecans, Jumbo __-___-_- 40 Radium, per doz.______ 13 Pectin ee 2 30 Pecans, Mammoth __--_- 50 Dry Salt Meats Rising Sun, per doz.___ 1 30 Rocheste ‘Ne 2 Walnuts, Cal. ______ 14@20 D § Belles_-18-29@18-10-08 654 Stove Enamel, az_ 2 30 Rocha wa c De Hominy Hickory 2 07 Vulcanol, No. 10, doz.1 30 yi; p Seasoning ae ester, No. 3, doz._ 2 00 Pearl, 100 lb. sacks__--_ 3 56 Stovoil, per doz..______ 3 00 ree oew, 1% 0z.-_ 65 yO, per doz.________ 75 Lard Z os t, 1% 02... - & je * Salted Peanuts Pure: in tierces. 0. 6% Onian 0 ‘ 80 ancy, No. to 09% 601b. tubs _____ advance 4 Be et 39 WOODE Elb.Macaroni, 20lb.bx. 1 25 121 Ib. Cellop’e case_ 1 26 50 1b. tubs ____- advance % SALT Seas en 1 35 a Ege Noodle, 10 Ib. box 1 26 20 Ib. pails ___.-advance *O8 Gadd Reapits icncne? ie 3 25, Bushels, Wide Band 10 1b. pails ____advance % Colonial, 24, 2 Ib..___- GS 0 1 * 5? wood ‘handles_____"_ 2 00 Shelled 5 lb. pails _-__ advance 1 Colonial, 36-1% _____- [6 i <'' Market, drop handle 90 Pearl Barley 39 31b. pallg _____ advance 1 Colonial, Iodized, 24-2.1325 goncctam, 1 og.--—__... $0 Market, single handle. 95 0000 ------------------ 700 Peanuts, Spanish, 125 Compound, tierces ____ 7 Wa ae le GS 65 Market, extra _______ 1 60 os oe . fee. 7% Compound, tubs _____-- A We Set ee 1a Tl 6 Sultut ine aa Chester -------------- 450 Wilherta 32 Farmer Spec., 70 Ib... 100 | U™eTiC, 1% oz.------ %S Splint, medium 7 50 Pecans, salted -__________ 45 Packers Meat, 50 Ib... 83 Splint, small ___-______ 6 50 Lentlis Walnut, California ____ 48 Sausages Cream Rock for ice , Bolornea = 1 cream, 10 lb., each 83 CBM -_—- == n> ” Eiver a i ae oa 280 1b. bbl. 4 . bad " Barrel, 5 ae 2 40 Brankfore 2000 12 ock, 50 Ib.---___--__- 4 i Barrel, 1 y =p fiat _. MINCE MEAT Le 1s Baker Salt, 280 lb. bbl 3 80 mo Poe 2 Fe at a s apioca _., None Such, 4 doz.____- @ Ponca datica 21. 6, 10 lb., per bale______ Go iu tn i oon Pearl, 100 lb. sacks---- 7% Quaker, 3 doz. case___265 jleadcheese ___....0 13 20, 3 1b., per bale_____ 1 00 rgo, 24, 1 lb. pkgs.___ 1 58 : Minute, 8 oz., 3 doz.__ 4 05 Yo Ho, Kegs, wet, lb.- 16% Ce ee ae 4 lb. bags, table 45 Cream, 24-1 ________ 2 25 Pails Dromedary Instant --_ 3 50 i ' : : ' aaa = at. Galvansed a 2 60 « qt. Galvanize oe pen s Smoked Meats aie. u at. Galvactae ae ; i : ams, Cert., 14-16 lb._ 138% «qt. Flaring Gal. 3 doz. Carton________-_ ea aye 99 Hams, Cert., Skinned Arno, 24, 1 lb. pkgs._.146 10qt. Tin pe 4 00 Assorted flavors. Whe tar Pel ae ia ee @1314 eet cs AE et ee a 7 26 oz. Jars, Plain, doz. 240 Ham, dried beet mvs) rf Silver Gloss. 48. 13---. 11% Mous oo EVAPORATED MILK 5 Gal Kegs, chch___'6 50 an. 1 be eal Henle 16 thee dS Maus wea hig < Quaker, Tall, 10% oz.- 285 207 ‘yar, stuffed, dos. 2 28 Picnic Boiled Hams_---@16 | (ODIZED = oi 282 Mouse, tin, 5 holes. 65 Quaker, Baby, 4 doz.__ 1 43 10 62 Tar Stuff.. doz. _ 2 65 Boiled Hams-____._-__-- @21 S “3 Rat, wood oS 1 00 Quaker, Gallon, % dz. 285 i Qi" yies stiff, do 180 Minced Hams___._____- @10 SALT Rat, opie 1 00 Carnation, Tall, 4 doz. 2.95 © “A! Juss, Stull., dz. Bacon 4/6 Cert @16 : Mouse, spring_________ Carnation, Baby, 4 dz. 1 48 ee a ee ai Tie , a 20 Oatman’s D’dee, 7. ; a cerry se e Oatman’s D’dee, y OCTET a orn ubs Pet au a 295 x5 aoe eee a Bonelens ee @19 00 OW irate Blue Karo, No. 14%___ 2 22 Large Galvanized_____ 8 75 ee feo 1s UL 32 eg a Blue Karo, No. 5, 1 dz. 309 Medium Galvanized___ 7 75 Borden’s, Tall, 4 doz..295 95 and 5s............... 30 SRE Blue Karo, No. 10___. 292 Small Galvanized _____ 6 75 Seems ie 6 ee Liver oe Ears. aa 1%-___ 2 44 e Yo. . Boe ee a vies man & 32, 26 oz._ ‘ a Red me. No. a. : oa Washboards FRUIT CANS PICKLES fn of. +m Banner, Globe-.-.____ 5 50 Presto Mason Five case lots__...._.. 2 30 Gene te + eas Ginas, 7 es ; = F, 0. B. Grand Rapids Medium Sour Ga ee a =. 3% Yeu Pecan 8 50 Half pint------------- 715 5 gallon, 400 count____ 4 75 on er cans 4 % Single Peerless. __ 7 50 One pint___--.-------- 7 40 RICE BORAX Northern Queen...... 5 50 One quart-_----------- 8 65 Fancy Blue Rose__--__ 5 00 Maple and Cane Universal 2 7 25 Half gallon------------ 11 #3 Sweet Small Raney Head 2 5 90 Twenty Mule Team Kanuck, per gal.______ 1100 5 gallon, 500__.-_______ 7 25 ~ i reheat ————— : - Kanuck, 5 gal. can____ 4 75 8, oz. packages____ Wty CAM. RUPOERS fone nome ace” 2 10 96, 4 Ib. packages__-_ 4 00 é atc wee — Lip, 2 gro. 7g Paw Paw, quarts, doz. 2 80 Si Welch wen ok sa Di tote ; Pe ‘winding 9 Ss Welch, 12 pi (igo5 S0in. Butter 7 49 Presto White Lip, 2 Postma Biscuit Co. “eo a oo apne caiagamamras ba oo pa gro. carton__________- R3 Dill Pickles i ylle eres 2 10 Welch, 26-4 oz. case___ 2 30 GteY 25 00 Gal., 40 to Tin, doz....8 15 12rolls, percase ______ 1 39 WASHING POWDERS 32 oz. Glass Thrown___ 1 45 18 cartons, percase ___2 35 Bon Ami Pd., 18s, box_ 1 90 GELATINE 12 cartons, per case ___ 1 57 Bon Ami Cake, 18s___. 1 65 WRAPPING PAPER Jell-o, 3 doz.---------- 1 80 Jo pe ce 85 COOKING OIL Fibre, Manilla, white_. 05 Minute, 3 doz.__._--_-- 4 05 Dill Pickles, Bulk Big 4 Soap Chips 8/5__ 2 30 No. 1 Fibre. ~~ 06% Plymouth, White--._-. 155 5 Gal, 200_____/_____ 3 65 Chipso, large _------- $4 .. , ,Mazola Hutches 1 a 06% Jelsert, 3 doz.--------- a ie fC 11 25 SALERATUS Climaline, 4 doz._____- 349 Eints, 2 doz_________ 1] tae 06 45 Gal. 1300.00 30 00 Arm and Hammer 24s_150 Grandma, 100, 5¢c_____- 360 Quarts, 1 doz... 345 Kratt Stripe 09% Grandma, 24 large.___ 350 Half Gallons, 1 doz..-.6 00 9:00 © 08 000m HONEY Snowboy, 12 large 1 80 Lake Shore 1 lb. doz_. 1 99 Gold Dust, 12 la: [of 86 JELLY AND PRESERVES Pure, 30 Ib. pails______ 2 60 {mitation, 30 lb. pails_ 1 69 Pure Pres., 16 oz., dz._ 1 80 12 oz. Apple Jelly, dz. 95 13 oz. Mint Jelly, dz. 1 60 7 oz, Cranberry Jelly, dz 90 JELLY GLASSES % Pint Tall, per doz.____ 35 PIPES Cob, 3 doz. in bx. 1 00@1 20 PLAYING CARDS Battle Axe, per doz... 2 65 Bicycle, per doz._____- 47 Torpedo, per doz.___-_- 2 50 POP CORN Sure Pop, 25 lb. bags 1 25 Yellow, 25 lb. bags_-_. 1 25 SAL SODA Granulated, 60 Ibs. cs._ 1 85 Granulated, 18-21% Ib. packases _ 28 8 E05 COD FISH Peerless, 1 lb. boxes___. 18 Old Kent, 1 1b. pure____- 25 La France Laun 4 dz. 3 65 Old Dutch Clean., 4 dz. 3 40 Octagon, 966 ____.._-_ 3 90 Rinse, 248 2. 4 80 Hinso, 40q 220 95 Spotless Cleanser, 48, 20 Of) oo 3 85 Sani Flush, 1 doz.___ 2 25 Sapolio, 3 doz._-______ 3 15 Speedee, 3 doz.___._-- 7 20 Sunbrite, 60s___.______ 2 10 Wyandot. Cleaner, 24s 1 85 TABLE SAUCES Lee & Perrin, large_._ Lee & Perrin, small___ Pepper Royal Mint... =. Tobaseo, small__._._____ Sho You, 9 0z., doz.___ A-! lavea Al ewig 2 Caner 2 62... 8. WHPRNWHH Wo -3 on YEAST CAKE Magic. 3 doz... 2 70 Sunlight, 3daz. _ .__ -- 2 40 Sunlight, 1% doz. --___ 1 35 Yeast Foam, 3 doz.____ 2 70 Yeast Foam, 1% doz.__ 1 35 YEAST—COMPRESSED Fleischmann, per doz._.. 30 Red Star, per doz._-__-- 20 22 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN January 31, 1934 SHOE MARKET Michigan Retail Shoe Dealers Association. President—Clyde Taylor, Detroit First Vice-President—M. A. Mittleman, Detroit. Vice-President—Arthur Allen, Grand Rapids. Vice-President — Edward Dittman, Mount Pleasant. Vice-President—K. Masters, Alpena. Vice-President—Max Harriman, lLan- sing, Vice-President — Fred Nedwick, inaw. Vice-President—Richard Schmidt, Hills- dale, Vice-President—Edward troit. Vice-President—B. C. Rapids. Sec’y and Treas.—Joseph Burton, Lan- sing. Field Sec’y—O. R. Jenkins, Portland. Yearly dues $1 per person. Sag- Stocker, De- Olsee, Grand Six Ways to Advertise In considering to Advertise Sh cause there are only six ways of ad- vertising; rather that the six types ry this topic, “Six Ways ( es,” we do so not be- which we will develop this morning in a brief discussion represent a consen- sus of the six most used ways of ad- vertising shoes by a great many of our foremost retail stores. Before we attempt to discuss these six types of advertising it is well for us to give some thought to t l which we shall hope to make our ad- vertising more effective. The first thing, of course, is to set up an adver- tising budget. This we do by setting aside a certain percentage of actual or anticipated sales to be spent over a given period for advertising. The next most important thing to do is to divide our business year into two periods of six months each: the first Starting in February, going through the complete Spring and Summer sea_ son and through the Summer clear- ance period; the second period start- ing in August with the introduction of fall fashions and running through the Fall and Winter season and _ the January clearance period. The next step is to determine how much of our advertising budget we are going to spend in each of the months. In doing this we shall keep in mind the amount of sales accomplished in each month. This is to insure spending the most of our advertising money in those months which give us our great- est volume. The next step, if the store has more than one department, is to break the advertising down by departments, al- lotting advertising money to each de- partment according to the amount of business contributed to the total vol- ume by each department. The third step which is to be taken, if there is more than one price line in ach department, is to arrange the ad- vertising budget so that each price line receives advertising in relation to the volume of business done in each of the price lines. Even in large shoe stores or shoe departments demand seems to center itself on three, or possibly four, price lines. After this has been done the next thing, of course, is to decide in which of the various advertising media the money will be spent, As our talk now concerns principally newspaper advertising, let us study briefly the six most outstanding types of shoe advertising, The rough lay- outs which you will be shown do not represent the one and only method of assuring these various types of adver- They are only to help you vis- the various ftorms anc 7 de ae valk oe a Re a ui tO VOU in adapting those forms ~ ¢ 1s1-alx- “ i. i: SCcim most MAKCIY TO Rt your needs. The first type we have to con- —\. c Ss€rvices—-Others, as- > 1S not interested sell their community on the the store is fashion-alert, knows its business and is endeavoring to ren a true service. Many type of institutional advertising, rea- prominent stores favor this soning that the nearer a store gets toa consumer’s personal problems and the more able a store is to help the con- sumer to be fashion, the more likely a he is to be influenced favorably. The rough layout which you see is an attempt at suitable form for a store- wide institutional announcement which contains the elements of fashion, com- plete assortments and intelligent serv- ice. This layout suggests shoes for the family and points out highlight fash- ions and in the reading matter of the 1 stress announcement probably would 4 the fact that several price lines were available in each of these fashion groups so that the store is in a position to take care of the needs of people in several income levels. Although the thought has been gen- erally used, many Advertising Man- agers have the feeling that nothing so imparts the thought of stability and dependability of a business house so forcefully as an illustration or a sug- gestive illustration of the store’s own building. In using this type of insti- tutonal advertising it is well to draft for your store a policy or code which will be put in written form and used almost word for word each time. Now we come to another interesting way of advertising shoes, the second in our series, “Selling the Department.” The departmental selling announce- ment is a convenient handle for taking the store apart and revealing to your patrons and prospective patrons the service facilities and all other favorable points of each of your store’s depart- ments, In the rough layout which you see we have singled out the Juvenile Shoe Department for special promotion— this would set forth the facts about complete stocks of juvenile footwear, competent fitting service, plus any ad- ditional features which the store might have to offer in that department. It sniiaiesenremiieentimamniienemmamentiestettiate ss ~ a aaa is possible to promote a particular de- partment in conjunction with a serv- ice, a particular brand of shoes, or price line, thus providing enough lati- tude to keep departmental selling an- nouncements interesting to your readers. The third way of advertising shoes is, “A Formal Presentation.” This type of advertising should not be used too because by doing so, much would be lost. time, as unusual mer- of the effectiveness a great deal of fashion nake-up comes into your t is to formally present this fashion thought to your readers. The tormal presentation of unusual things shes a store as being fashion conscious. In an announcement of this type, neither too much nor too little copy should be used. The story should be boiled down to the essential facts such as would be interesting to those who favor fashions. The layout should be fairly simple; the whole announce- ment should reflect simplicity because in that way we get the strongest form of written expression. It is possible for a store to overdo a formal presen- tation of merchandise by presenting good, bad and indifferent styles in the same manner, lessening the believabil- ity of the announcement. The next layout we will consider is where “The Material is Emphasized.” This type of advertising is especially useful for the advertising of medium to low priced shoes where a particular material amounts to important fashion news. In illustrating this type of ad- vertising the dramatization of the ma- terial itself can be helped considerably by little atmospheric sketches in the advertisement, associating some famil- iar thing with the color, texture, or use of that material. For instance, little thumbnail sketches of palm trees in connection with white shoes or sport shoes or a suggestion of evening dress in connection with some evening shoe material. The next layout, the fifth way to advertise shoes, has to do with “A Specific Fashion.” In the rough lay- out shown we have combined two lead- ° ing colors with a specific fashion. In an advertisement of this sort the shoe illustration should be sufficiently large to clearly show the point we are try- ing to develop, whether it be pattern, heel, or trimming detail. Shoe stores need more of this type of advertising because it has a power- ful sales appeal, creating a definite tie- up with some specific apparel fashion which may be important. In this con- nection little sketches of dress fashions help to bring the shoes into the fashion picture. The shoe retailer's job is to forcefully and believably place his shoe fashions in the fashion picture in order that shoes may remain the important accessory, The sixth way of advertising shoes, which we will now consider, is where “Construction Details Are Featured.” In many cases shoes have some very important construction detail which makes them outstanding enough to be RAN SIAC DETROIT depression proof Dm EENANCHAE CONDITION ES EWEN SEROAGER IHAN BEFORE IHRE DEPRESSION — WE HAWE MAINTAINED OUR DIWIDEND RAKE OE NOT KESS THAN 35 “Po MICHIGRAR SHOE DEALERS MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPARY MUTUAL BUILDING GRAND RAPIDS 4 j @ January 31, 1934 featured in this way. It is almost use- less to try to play up a feature of this sort in any ordinary way. A dramatic art treatment is called for, which will point out and emphasize that special feature so that the thought may be readily grasped. The body of your message should be perfectly clear and free from technical details. Find the simplest way of telling your readers “This is what this shoe will do for you.’ As has been said before, these six types of advertising do not represent the only ways of advertising shoes, but rather the six most commonly used ways at the present time. M. M. Murphy. —_—_¢-9——_____ Personal Tribute to M. A. Mittle- man Detroit, Jan. 29 —I had the pleasure of attending the Detroit Retail Shoe Dealers Association banquet to-night, held at the Ho- tel Fort Shelby, given in in honor of M. A. Mittleman, newly elected President of the National Retail Shoe Dealers Association, also Vice-President of the Michigan Retail Shoe Dealers Association. Lee Barrett, toastmaster, intro- duced the guest of honor, Mr. Mittleman. Former Mayor John Smith, former Governor Wilbur Brucker and all speakers gave most excellent talks, which were received with great interest and applause. You must meet this De- troit group. They are go-getters. Jenkins, Field Secretary Michigan Retail Shoe Dealers Ass'n. Would Disorganize the Business of Retail Grocers The women will save from their pur- chase the labels, trade-marks, sales slips or other proofs of sale, which will be collected by the “broadcasters” and sent in to the Goodwin Plan headquar- ters. Thereafter, by a method at once simple and ingenious, each broadcaster will receive 2 per cent. of the gross re- tail sales thus authenticated, which she may contribute to the funds of her church. The totals thus earned are esti- mated as from $500 to $5,000 for each church annually. The 2 per cent., of course, is to come from the manufacturers, who are also required to spend 3 per cent. for adver- tising, and to pay another 114 per cent. to the Goodwin people. The planners say that they look on this first division of roughly 2,000,000 buying women as a beginning only. True, since each woman buys for a family, it will represent a group of con- sumers, three or four times more num- erous; but, even so, it is only a small part of the consumer-prospects whom the plan envisages, And so another division of equal size is contemplated later, and yet another, each division concentrating its buying power on its own designated products, which, naturally, will be competitive with their “opposite numbers” on all the other lists. And every division is to have a potential of some 2,000,000 purchasers. My chief personal concern is as to the bearing of the plan on the life and work of the churches. MICHIGAN Women as money raisers are part of the American church scene. They will do anything within reason; sometimes they seemed to stretch reason a trifle. This present plan is not new, except in the vastness of its specifications. It could have been proposed iong ago, but perhaps the cumulative effect of four years of difficult church finances was needed to give it the last and ener- gizing touch of timeliness, Almost before the church public had heard of it all, the plan had begun to employ the well-tested technique of the advertising testimonial. It secured an astonishing array of church endorse- ments, clerical and lay—bishops, ladies’ aid society officials, priests, rabbis, mis- sionary enthusiasts, professors in church colleges, settlement workers, and numerous others. Many of these endorsers now admit that they looked no further than the four “Social Principles” which consti- tute the plan’s code of business ethics, to be imposed upon those manufactur- ers who get their products on the buy- ers’ lists It did not occur to them to ask how these principles were to be made binding . The Protestant ministers of Colum- bus, Ohio, for example, said of the plan: “It is unjustifiable in principle. It would result in organizing the church into a huge buying trust, and thus work unfair discrimination against many repuitable concerns, It commits the church to participation in a scheme of promotion over the methods of which the church can have no control. It would serve to make a part of the church’s financial support come from a sales tax voluntarily paid by manu- facturers.” Dr. Ernest F. Tittle, pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Evanston, IIl., one prominent minister who at first gave the plan his blessing, wrote later to the Goodwin organiza- tion withdrawing what he had said, and observing that “the church is asked to participate in a plan which, in the name of profit, excludes some manu- facturers, however ethical they may de- sire to be, and includes only a number small enough to guarantee its commer- cial advantages. This, in my judgment, the church ought not to do. At its best the church has always said, ‘Who- soever will, let him come.’ It should not now, or ever, place itself in a posi- tion where, in effect, it is obliged to say, “Only a few men who desire to do right can hope for our economic sup- port.’ ” The ministers of Des Moines make the ‘highly practical point that 50 per cent. of the consumers’ goods sold in Iowa are locally produced, and by no device yet mentioned could they get onto the list of “certain standard brands.” The plan allows for “scratch- ing,” in such contingencies: but there is no 2 per cent. if you scratch, The religious press, so far as I can discover from the long list of ex- changes in our office, is solid in its antagonism to this method of capital- izing the church loyalty of American women. Let me summarize a few of their objections to the plan. They say that in effect it is a left- handed boycott of every produce save one in every class; one automobile, one TRADESMAN - baby powder, one cosmetic, one dentri- fice, one washing machine, one yeast cake, one zippy cheese; with the rest left outside the charmed circle. And they do not like boycotts. The church that no participating church can avoid criticism from manufacturers, and dealers, whose goods are not press believes especially from iisted. They know that the town retailer has long ‘had in his heart a more or less mild objection to the intrusion of the church into what he may be ex- cused for thinking is more his business than theirs, particularly since he is ex- pected to do his bit for the church just the same. Dan B. Brummitt, Editor Christian Advocate. —— ++ >—___ Effective Aid to Veterans for Blood Transfusions Veterans’ ‘hospitals are making ex- tensive use of transfusions, oftentimes with better success than is achieved by private hopitals. Trans- fusions are used in governmental hos- pitals whenever they are found advis- blood able and not as measures of last resort, as is frequently the case in private in- stitutions. Veterans who give blood to another veteran are paid for their services, An employe of a Veterans’ Administration hospital may not receive pay for such a service. List of blood donors or vendors are kept by all the hospitals under Gov- ernment supervision and rates of pay- ment are definitely Giving of blood has grown to be a means of live- lihood for a number of persons, it is fixed. pointed out. Observation of donors listed with the Administration shows that most of them recover rapidly from the effects of a transfusion, —_+2++____ Do You Man Your Sales Crew Prop- erly? (Continued from page 19) the clerk has nothing to look forward to but the hope of getting employment in a better store and that naturally has an adverse effect on the employee’s in- terest and enthusiasm. I have known druggists with clerks—one an indefatigable who required little other, who did little on his own initia- tive and worked only when the “boss” was looking. Frequently, in these cases, both clerks will receive the same sal- ary, simply because they are both rated “clerks,” andi it is the asinine policy of the employer to pay only so much for two worker supervision; the any clerk, If justice had been meted out to each of them, the one would have received an increase in pay and the other would have been ‘handed the “tinware.” Don’t narcotize the ambition and interest of a good clerk by hitching him up with an incompetent drone and payng both men the same wages. Victor N. Vetromile. —_>+>____ Oil well operators are offered a new heater, said to be adaptable to remov- ing water from oil at any well. Its throughput is increasable at will, it operates on waste gas, consists of a limited number of castings, is said to be easily set up, knocked down. 23 Service of Hot Lunches a Growing School Practice Serving of hot lunches to schoo! children,, a novelty a few years ago, is being put into practice in a growing number of States. The United States Bureau of Home Economics points out that such lunches were served to chil- dren in rural schools in 35 States last that the larger schools are year and number is City also lunches on a larger scale than before. now, serving Not only are the lunches proving of tremendous value to undernourished children but they are also serving as a means of teaching good diet principles. Reports of extension workers show that undernourished children have been brought to normal weight and in gen- eral, surprisingly good results have been obtained. In some cases the entire lunch is being served at school and in others the school serves one hot dish and milk to supplement the food brought from home. —___* ~~. ___ OUT AROUND (Continued from page 9) is an attempt at inexcusable intrusion into private business affairs and should be opposed. Further, this organization feels that discretionary powers to im- pose condition upon manufacturing and distribution should be granted to ad- ministrative agencies only where and to the extent clearly necessary for the effective enforcement of proper Fed- eral laws. Jason E. Hammond, manager of the Michigan Retail Dry Goods Associa- tion, has changed his residence from Lansing to Ann Arbor. He still main- tains an office in Lansing and devotes two days to the work of the organiza- tion there. The other three days he devotes to calling on the members throughout the state. E. A. Stowe. ——_>-+—___ ‘The latest NRA story concerns the sad fate of a man who was given Tues- day off as a result of the five-day week and his wife changed wash day to Tuesday. Business Wants Department Advertisements inserted under this head for five cents a word the first insertion and four cents a word for each subse- quent continuous insertion. if set in capital letters, double price. No charge less than 50 cents. Small display adver- tisements in this department, $4 per inch. Payment with order is required, as amounts are too small to open accounts. I WILL BUY YOUR MERCHANDISE FOR CASH Dry Goods, Clothing, Shoes, Ready-to- Wear, Furnishings, Groceries, Furniture, Hardware, Etc. Will buy entire stock and fixtures, or any part. Also short leases taken over. All transactions confidential. Write, Phone, or Wire LOUIS LEVINSOHN Phone 27406 655 So. Park St. Saginaw, Michigan For Sale—General store in Manistee National Forest. Invoice $4,000. Clean stock, modern fixtures, good buildings. Doing good business. Owner retiring. D. E. Hillsamer, Bretheren, Mich. 618 MEAT MARKET—Complete. Sell, rent, reasonable, F, Eastabrook, Three Rivers, Mich. 621 Elevator for Rent-—lLocated in good country town near Grand Rapids. Strong farming country. Address No. 622, c/o Michigan Tradesman. 622 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN January 31, 1934 SLOW BUT SURE STARVATION Dominance of Chain Store Must Necessarily Result in Impoverishment of the Community. I have been accused of many things of which I had no knowledge during the time I have con- ducted the ‘Tradesman, but one accusation has never been laid at my door—that I have an inordi- nate love for the chain store. I have fought this menace to legitimate merchandising with all the vigor I could command ever since the viper showed its head. I shall continue to oppose it as long as I have any breath in my body, not because it has no good features to commend it, but because the bad features outweigh the good. Under existing conditions it has but one fundamental theory —to make money for the owner. Such features as service to the public, duty to the community, and fair treatment to clerks are entirely overlooked by the chain stores in the mad endeavor to make as much money as possible and get the money so made out of the town in which it is made at the earliest possible moment. Money made by a legitimate merchant usually finds lodgment in the local bank and is utilized to assist in meeting the payrolls of local factories, from which it comes back to the merchant in never ending procession and succession, but no local banker dares to use the deposits of chain stores in meeting local calls and necessities; because he knows that such action on his part will force him to either suspend payment or go on a borrowing expedi- tion day after tomorrow or week after next. The independent retail dealer sends out of town only sufficient funds to cover his foreign purchases. ‘The remainder of his bank deposits, which represent the profit he has made in his store transactions, remain in the bank until invested in a home. devoted to payment on a home already purchased on time, applied to the purchase of additional home furnishings, needed addi- tions to his store building, desirable additions to his stock or fixtures or investment in local manu- facturing enterprises which give employment to home people and thus contribute to the growth and prosperity of his home town. The chain store, on the contrary, sends the entire receipts of the store (less rent and wages paid the store manager and his clerk) to the headquarters of the chain system in Detroit or else- where, to be immediately transferred to New York, where they are absorbed by high priced executives and clerks and divided among the greedy stockholders of the organization. This steady stream of money, constantly flowing out of town every week, NEVER TO RETURN, must ultimately result in the complete impoverishment of the community. It is a pro- cess of slow but sure starvation. This is the strongest indictment ever presented against the chain store—an indictment which precludes the possibility of a defense, because there can be no defense to a charge of this kind, based on the logic of events. This indictment effectually outweighs and overcomes any possible advantage which can be presented in favor of the chain store, because of its low prices on some lines of goods, alleged uni- formity in methods and prompt service. In the light of this disclosure, which no one can successfully contradict or set aside, the con- sumer who patronizes the chain store, instead of the regular merchant, is effectually destroying the value of any property he owns in the town in which he lives, placing an embargo on the further progress of his own community and helping to bring on a period of stagnation in business, real estate and manufacturing which will ultimately force him to accept less pay for his services and reduce the level of living he enjoyed under conditions as they existed before the advent of the chain store. The decadence of the town, due to lack of employment and the diversion of all available capital to the headquarters of the chains in Eastern money markets, will cause a depression in farm products, due to lack of local demand, which will ultimately result in the impoverishment of the farmer. He can still ship his wheat to Livernool, but there will be no local market for perishable products which must be consumed near at home.—E. A. Stowe in Michigan Tradesman. a ° Most Interesting Building in the World It is not a cathedral, nor an historic castle, nor the newest skyscraper. Each of these is fascinating in its own way, but possession is the measure of interest in a building — and your home, your store is the most _ interesting building in the world to you. Naturally, anything that affects the cost of main- taining your building concerns you. And there is one important item of overhead that may be reduced appre- ciably and safely, with no initial investment. It is the item of insurance. Through the service department of the various mutual fire insurance companies which advertise in the Tradesman you may obtain sound property insur- ance at a saving. If you have not already availed yourself of this opportunity, you should ask the trav- eling representatives of any of the above described companies to give you the facts. It will probably pay you well. Rademaker-Dooge Grocer Co. Distributors of PETER PAN COUNTRY GENTLEMAN CORN PETER PAN GOLDEN BANTAM CORN B I iS C 6] iI ah S MISS MICHIGAN SWEET PEAS FREMONT SWEET PEAS BIG MASTER MALT BLUE RIBBON MALT BOUQUET TEA The House of Quality and Service MAY BE BOUGHT WITH CONFIDENCE cau abate nee. adalat Cay Grad Rap Nhe brand Lear WITH PRIDE Se you Rnow ar seven modern Michigan facto- ries for the can- ning of products grown by Michi- gan farmers. A complete line of canned vegetables and fruits. a a ee a ee ee a ae ie { { The finest imports from Japan are available trom our stock. Highest Quality } Correctly Priced A Complete Line Alt. thn tinct atin stn atin, tlie, thie, te we sie sie we oie oie cin a p j , e ° e ° e e e Forty-nine years of experience in Tea is embodied in the quali- ties we have to offer. , , , , } , LEE & CADY alin eel. allie tila, ella cali, al dil ll el, al all ell