2 CA) y f vy ee Cr \ OS ¥ . SS, WM aS Q Bape 499 WZ \ ce Gy CAG i< CY One OES Gnas) WEN KW x me S47 Ye % ~ es a a ee SS OES GIG PR AOS i) eA ) nl ai 2 OP oP ey ae co \ BAC, q ~ Y A BS oS) aCe (GMa CRN Wee se (Rs C 4a Wc aw , TN '- Me aaa) : SCRE a MR GAN p A @ we By =) GZ DW At p iv Cc} wer cS - - a Za y} © 0) a TI EN SSN NIN DEESIDE SLRS Zi My RePUBLISHED WEEKLY NEES ADESMAN COMPANY, PUBLISHERSR——>s5@3) JW AGIRLE $2 PER YEAR \ m N . @ oo he j Y be oy NWSE pS Zz SO > RE CHP OF DNs we y is N s V ‘Ss a NS we « SW 7 apap ay gn ESA Y GLAS C2 mpegs - aesep LSS oI 2) * Oo 77] (a) = ADS ZA iN oe s! aS is is LOG KEE pe SSS SYS) dp IweeT a ZAR ws ys m= ph G j ~ Twenty-Seventh Year GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, MAY 4, 1910 Number 1389 SS WSN NSN S\ SO S SM Qqg w Z lace aud if a ; S yore ee Ou e happiness Of society Foul rein 2 . fd, Yy yy yyy Y yyy y Gre Wy: TA — Z thi Ly oa = Yj tp bff iy jy aaa ie en ee ee te SS s WWW YY A A Reliable Name And the Yeast Is the Same Fleischmann’s “State Seal” Brand Vinegar has demonstrated itself to do all that has been claimed for it. The very large demand it selfevident. has attained is Mr. Grocer! It increases your profits. Ask your jobber. Oakland Vinegar & Pickle Co., Saginaw, Mich. On account of the Pure Food Law there is a greater demand than ever for #& w sw ws yt Pure Cider Vinegar We guarantee our vinegar to be absolutely pure, made from apples and free from all artificial color- ing. Our vinegar meets the re- quirements of the Pure Food Laws of every State in the Union. % » The Williams Bros. Co. Manufacturers Picklers and Preservers Detroit, Mich. 7Acureka! Perfection! 4 If there is any one article on the American &f/ market which stands ABOVE ALL COM- PARISON with other devices for accom- plishing like results, it is the DAYTON- MONEYWEIGHT SCALE. It has been TESTED by SCIENTISTS of world re- nown; by FEDERAL and MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS; by MECHANICAL TESTS at our factory; by TIME and SERVICE, and by the great majority of PROGRESSIVE MERCHANTS. Their unanimous VER- DICT is PERFECTION. Money weight—Money-Saving Our scales show automatically and simul- : taneously the price per pound, weight and value, clearly and distinctly. No other practical counter scale is so quick- acting, sensitive and accurate. This scale protects your profits. Its accu- | racy is a safeguard over every transaction between customer andmerchant. | It stimulates confidence and is the emblem of a square deal. They are | equipped with our patented swivel base. DAYTON AUTOMATIC SCALES | Our new factory at Dayton, Ohio (just completed), is a monument to modern factory-building. The facilities for supplying the demand for the | matchless Dayton-Moneyweight Scales were never so favorable as now. EASY PAYMENTS—Fach purchaser has the privilege of paying for his scale | by easy monthly payments. If he paysin full in 30 days a liberal cash discount is granted. An old style or unsatisfactory computing scale can be traded in as part payment on the purchase of a new one. Ask for our exchange proposition. CATALOGUE FREE—A request for information does not say you want to buy. It implies that if there are any unnecessary leaks in your method of handling your goods you want to know where they are and how they can be remedied, Our catalogue will give you much valuable fnfor- mation. =: MONEYWEIGHT SCALE Co. 58 State Street, Chicago, Illinois | | Please mention Michigan Tradesman when writing for catalogue | Ta eo fg ee of, Start your Snow Boy sales a'moving The way they grow will makeyour friends sit upand take notice Ask your jobbers Salesman Lautz Bros.& Co. Buffalo,NY. be Beek a ee ae eas ee Twenty-Seventh Year GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, MAY re j Pace. SPECIAL FEATURES, ot all vermin. Neglected backyard S, jot our trade routes and staying there, | and dreary the morning walks x ’ A 1s | E 2. The Village Street. corners where rubbish has collected |an onem, ould fot ehis countc lol these alain. ria dae ae ul €neiny ¢ I € til co ELEY to | LHeSE€ -O1IOUS Spring davs would +. News of the Business World. and the pile mhieh carcclecens P| g 3 ee of : 1 9. Grocery and Produce Market. 7 ee BGs Weed Carercssness Gas fa humiliating peace. At times wej]be without the m lody bubbling from 6. Henry Fralick. heaped up in the alleys are all so], ; 4 L. ae : 8. Editorial. a : 1; : Hi su jNave Only seven weeks Supply Ol |their teathery throats i 9. Fruit With Flavor. many breeding places for this disease- a : 12. Butter, Eggs and Provision a . . there - 33,000.01 pl Wi S oes t 1 18. Banking Ct oe carrying and scattering rodent. a rE ct beeen eS Without Say 7 Wie baw: Breaker, From a financial standpoint the rat ok were starvat , there is a practical side which ee, rth rile ‘ a ; 1 24. Fraud Land Schemes. question can be made interesting, He | en JMIMNETCE S pursuing it not be St SISN yt; Lhe teath- = 26. English Travelers. ae : ML. ofc sat <4 . : 28. People Economizing. cests money. Chere arc HVE hundred | ps aC€itli COUrSEe and prices are nor y ( leers with its nusic, but "44° o . TT..: . | 1 e 1 32. cou million of them in the United otates |mal. Directly few ships we tak the thing elsé The bird - . i : i j : nT ‘ somet ng else, l ) S 34. Monthly Report. which destroy food annually tO HE at sea by an en my, prices would | ; ie 38. Keep Peopl min ) cog le 1 ie | ce Tes 1 pV THOIe Cham that. fariy and lat a5 Ai Mone on g- amount Of $100,000,000. Denmark con-|rise and millions of people. t A os be Leg Commercial Traveler. tributes for the support of the pest|ci them idle for Want Of raw material) 7 © ~~ “"" ‘SSNS ‘Of the worm Ae ugs. " . in ‘ | ’ i ae E that does mor damage t the com 43. Drug Price Current. $3,000,000; France, 240,000,000; Ger-|to work with, would for ny Zo. co ee oe ee Coe 44. Grocery Price Current. ea | Gen ae T gg . ry : Ine Crops and such other enemice of 46. ere Brice Gusrent. many, $50,000,000; Great Brit: Lin, D7 3, ;}¢rnment to capitulate Ne sufiering | "S -*-! oo oS one SCECHNGS oF - Eh 000,000, and the United States, $100, jmob would take th reins, howevet1 r generous harvest than can be cal FORESTALLING THE EVIL 000,000. Fifteen dollars a a is|large an at my were locked by the sea ited \lready the orch rds aré . & ‘. a So ean neta fer Sen Ba ea Pe | ae L, : Qu 1 . é When it was remarked not long |@ ‘oss reported from one farm. j Within these shores—also threatened € wit eatnered police. They ago that if an early start at fly de- [hese are some of the evils to be|with ‘Siarvation. When an nemy, |. -, vork everywhere Ch obin y i : i‘ ' : ee 1 a a 4 ee ee ie i 1 VOTK verywl | I struction amounted to anything there grappled With at ONCE Or later | ney ; without moving a soldier over the w ae y 8 : : : Y < ae ". : j : ; I tc neve nN SCS mS Vv ~ Would) He no Giec ta dee e|4l: call for prompt and vigorous ac-|ter, ca; Sta the British le ; woul © HO Ties £O Gestroy by the i | I 1 1 . . - : rc : + {ti an he mer thie jc , seed thee ace 1 { imi 1s 1 more active than his wing coming of the frost. it was attended tion and the soone1 this is CNlereG | tneit arinies Vy keepit Y Tron ther : a oS a : : = with a certain sarcasm which meant upon the better. An exchange crowds [One Of two out of eve J \ loaves. . i E ‘ i : fhe whole inte- “Clean 447 tie lak. eid) ; not t ruit trees, but only bi that one might as well try to rid the |‘@& Whole into: ican up rive | WAY Should he oo to the ft | : ’ : a : : Br in Cormece ehoincae Ge Dataes fii be fe sot f ast ’ 1 , pews » the hammer yr the : arth of Bae ronpeys as to clear it fe 1 COLMers comes ifst. Herore the | NG TIsk of arry oi La peri Ske i : ee Sire emi Bo dee Gt | 1 ; Is th unmist Nn Sign OT \ of flies, and yet it is submitted that |@#!tival of the sure-cé ming ftiy let the |ous 1 ¢ Ely | 10 i : i ~ ot : ae i Gana ae el and Garhage cha haa. Ve ane ae. pj Ss constant tol, and everywhere the i just that thine can .. done. Deter- Sarbage bar f alg Sarpace can have | £i, STEat nation S in a ne tion : : a “losely fittinae faver 4 Ga nti dew i ¥, tt mination behind a little or much soap|Cosely fitting cover it ed / & . : . ee Ne ceoreenc cen i. a. Se ‘ > ¥Y provi 4 end water will go far in securing the|'€ screens are in id must port t : a Wissoun- a lee oe rE: : i p al - desired result, and this ae made | bUZzing pestilence ge peas, ft i : with cellare plaansd : i / 1 t Iving eed € wherever the pestiferous fly shows it-| Wit" cellars cleaned tS ety I y ' self eile a4 . -e.jand the barns looked reat oo self will be followed by ihe best re- : : = ' bh . enltc are any in the neigh! eed its peo] < a es : ' i will be flic & indeed ; 1: : I S ( iow about t It is usual to hold responsible the | ™ ce : y cee OO that lo themselves ta the . : L will be so mate Rlally rediiceéd as to belean Auctria-Liinca, acl ce NIC Ve ti » themseives to the « &frocer in town and country alike for on i a ate) oo. if ee | t t trav Itice:- y @ the pat plocus ; ont ; ead { 1 ‘ ' haha ~oo) en ee flv-scattering centers, but even a pnoeceanre, while the = x a a i oee a ; ) t for nothing i sli ah investigation will bring out the]"° ©7COUragement from vigilant gro-|transportatio1 ; eee | slight i gatior ill bring ou : : a el : yout that Do the birds ever . -,|cer and householder, will occasion but | Sut tl nited St S is { : . ie : 4 fact that there are others. A certain a . ¢ householder, will occasion ad But the U1 us t d do the grai1 ‘ : : ¢ 1 ttle trouble or even annoyance | int that ( nd t r oe “ei sunny kitchen, miles away from the| Ue oe ee yance. ee a vai wed that the hin x eo Z perenne e 1 te L 4 L ‘ ee} ° Lo ipeople wither t ort : YT at eT > CWweR +44 > mn iv pit Vil t € grocer, when the sweet summer wind, STARVING A NATION. _ ia to overflowing year after laden only with the breath of blos- Fhe nightmare that continually! 1 md | year are largely due to the birds? ' He FS ey ca te Se p i ; oy e€ Lneréiore. we could endure : zs e _ soms, did its level best to drive away haunts the English people is the fear|,, Blasio dink oe fo the tremendous yes, then, that . te iS es ee < f As ial i is EB . Ee Dio aing ¢ yur MOrts | J 7 ¥ a z : and to keep away the swarms of flies of a hostile attack from Germany at i a i +] vA ¢ y tion of the coun oy Sala ele ee le ac 5 fe 1 : i : | |}2uUE wao wil blockade then we : : : : ; : : that made that kitchen of the farm Fhat fear comes in the form of a no- i Seles try let there be for this bird service se) fairly ack wi } ects ; : Pe lave neariy a hundred million peopl. = hcuse fairly black with INSCCtS. did tion that the British war fleet mav | ) e : : , n equally tremendous protest gainst ne a , ‘ eae , 7 wa every POSSIDIC r UTC iOt i S - - more to encourage typhoid fever than] pe led away on some wild eoese ; : t ling which has even now . wan ¢ Rearing & Senate : Ing ships 1d 1] ; I ‘ ; ‘ : : a dozen groceries and the occ ee chase and while the creat ships are Ai ge egun. Already the shotgun is out we i an : : hing them. Al €é nations of the a 7 3 : i The city grocer may be id very {abs sent a German army will suddenly seth ae A ie Lojq {and the owner of it is trying his best | et et ee a ie Pe At fae : a , ;earth combined could not lone hold ae oe . , ‘ often 1s careless in the extreme about come out of the Ports of the North L. . oa eG 1 1 exnibdit pecimens tf his workman- ‘learing his remises c s Althyvilo.. . i d Ss under a blockade, and under 1 ae ; clearing his premises of the filthy sea and land on British soil, with BO Id f |{Ship. The meadow lark and_ the : : a c be ‘ 1. Ty Ce ‘ i : 1 CirCtulmistances Coutad we ye Starve Cp | mip ‘ a 4 accumulations of the winter, but he, cerresponding force to meet the in-| ie a: 4 [ of|thrush, the robin, the bluebird and : iol DUE 1 1S OT St WIth several o7 vith many of his customers, can take vaders. a - oe ee a |the song sparrow and even dear “Bob : jthe Muropean nations and with Jap : oe ee ae ea : Ss Pandas mae ft - : . OPCAaAN Nations and with jay ae “4 4 : m | « the reader, if he cares to go, to more Sut Archibald Hurd, a prominent |¢.. ay 4 nt a | White”, with his never-iorgotten | mit sna Clea Wed Hoi. : ! jtor they are unable either to feed ot: oy tian one filthy kitchen and backyard] write; on commercial and economic| a. Bae whistle, are in danger of their pre- a ct a , ie eT veers aoa. : jerOtne their populations, fs : ie. . nop! or where a carel¢ ss ae aye house- subjects, declares in the London Fort- | ee }cious lives if the biped with his gun Hu ; : : f | a a : 4 keeper, while finding all manner ot! nightly Review that the peril of Ba | SAVE THE SONGSTERS. | but sees them. - ’ e ot rl ar fo C yes ore t lawaA 2. Se Ae : | r 1: 1 1 “PY : : : 1 fault with her grocer, does more, PIC’ land is not invasion but starvation.| We who have lived through the} There are indications abroad that : J . pl a : i i p ce | : i oo : os ‘ i ‘ ea portionally, to increase the evil than He recalls the fact that the British |}recent squaw winter, which it is to be|thke bird lovers are on the incre: and S E { I 1OVve increase gd the tradesman ten to one. Why not/Isles, so far from feeding their pop- | hoped will show no tend ney to any naking strenuous efforts to save a i all hands “turn to,” early as it is, and ulation, import the Sreatest part of |lingering in the lap of spt ng e|the birds. The Audubon Society has make a combined effort to diminish their food from foreign countries and|more than ready for the enjoyment | been organized for the purpose of 4 this common enemy of human health largely from the United State S and|of any remnants of summer weather (orc ‘ting the birds of the country and life? Canada. He says that four out a five | which March may have left for April| With a large amount of money at it chon * This same cleaning up, already solloaves of bread which are eaten injto dispose of. After the reckl ss}command it was instrumental in se- AA vigorously begun in many localities,|Great Britain come trom _ overseas, Isl laughter of the early con tits | uring the passage of legislation of will, by no means, be confined to the/and if an enemy’s ships of war can jand the spring flowers we ap | se il states in different parts of the . a flies. The mosquito will give way|cut off the food supply by capturing 1 reciate all the more what is left to | cuntry to preserve the birds. Why to the law of cleanliness and now|the ships that carry it, England will be |t:s and he satisfied that t'iings out [not become active members of that eS. this same sanitary measure is pro-|defeated by starvation. He writes: | doors are no worse. Among these |S clety and as such, in season and nounced as one of the most effective “England’s peril is starvation —not|we hasten to write down the cominz|out of season, by thought, word kh © 2 means of preventing the dissemina-|invasion. By capes off merely ala the birds. The trees and theldeed. make every effort to protect tion of disease by the rat. Rat holes pertion of our oe of food an abound everywhere. The gutter oft-|raw material—afte ‘ 4 en swarms with this most repulsive | British Navy; by ge and awns of the town, the woods and]and save one of the leading attrac- rippling the|the fields of the country are atune|tions of our lawns and flower gar- y ge a across some!with the songs which they alone can|dens? i MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 THE VILLAGE STREET An Ever-Present Problem For the Merchant. Written for the Tradesman, The village street is an ever-pres- ent problem. The merchant’s best friend, the farmer’s horse, must com- mand a degree of consideration which permits the use of the street for a stable for indefinite sojourns, usually ci sufficient length to keep a deep ex- cavation at the foot of the hitching post, to say nothing of the myriads vf flies attracted and engendered by the animal’s presence and litter. Now the fly is rapidly coming to its true status as an auxiliary to trade. There was a time when its cecnstant presence was condoned through a lack of full appreciation of its fiendish character, or an apathetic acceptation of what seemed inevita- ble. We are now realizing that the fly is bad and when that realization is fully developed, like other bad things, the fly must go. At the best the stabling of the horse in front of the store will bring flies, to say nothing of other objec- tions to his presence. Provision in the way of brick or cement founda- tion may solve the problem of exca- vation, but the reasons indicated are enough to warrant consideration of some means preventing this sort of nuisance in the highway. In smaller villages especially merchants are coming to appreciate the need of pro- viding sheds or stables far enough distant to be out of the way and yet accessible. There is sufficient impor- tance in this to warrant attention from the live merchant, even to the extent of having boys at hand to take care of the customers’ teams. A street full of teams may “look like business,” but the appearance is at the cost of conditions the country village can not afford. In many of the larger towns stables are being built for the care of teams and the proprietors are making good money at a charge of Io cents when there is no feed. The merchant should appreciate the horse, but the street should not be a sta- ble. Assuming then that the primary purpose of the street should be for highway and the hitching of teams to be a matter of the most tempor- ary convenience, how should the vil- lage street be built? Of course the answer to this question must vary ac- cording to the size of the village, as well as local conditions as to soil, etc. Here in Michigan most localities have gravel accessible to an extent that makes it almost a universal material for village streets, although some of the larger towns are using crushed hardheads or granite more effectively, aithough at increased cost. It is not my thought to give here detailed in- struction as to the building of streets, the securing of drainage, the shape and thickness of the coating of road metal, etc., as such details are now familiar enough to the intelligent merchant, especially as to his peculiar locality, but rather to give a few sug- gestions as to the continued manage- ment. A common mistake is made in improving village streets with a view of doing the job once for all. I mean by this it is thought that a thorough improvement will be permanent and Sanitary with a modicum of sweeping and cleaning. Continued traffic and stamping of horses will soon make material for dust and mud of any road metal avail- able in this region, even crushed granite. The street may be ever so hard and firm and it requires only a few months of continued traffic be- fore there is a distressing coating of dust to be rendered into the most of- fensive mud. The removal of this leaves a roughness which soon pro- duces another crop. Where the traf- fic is not too heavy and horses are kept from their destructive stamping the good condition of the street may be restored by a slight coating of gravel. This will hold the dust and mud material as a binder and will roll down into a perfect surface by the usual use. Such a renewal of the street surface will wear even longer than the first subduing of the gravel road unless this be made by rolling with heavy rollers. To repeat, the general mistake is the attempt to do up the job once for all. Such attempts result in the building of an expensive street and then letting the surface deteriorate and the work be destroyed by clean- ing away the surface. If instead a thinner and much less_ expensive roadbed be made with the view to a constant addition as the surface be- comes muddy, the same expense as in the usual course will keep a con- stantly improving roadway for a pe- riod of years. This is on the sup- position that unreasonable emergency traffic that would break up the streets should be kept off. In English villages it is being found that the roadmender’s job is a continuous one. This system of adding road metal in small quantities as need develops and extending the territory of the workman so as to give him a large number of contigu- ous, or, as in some localities, con- tinuous, villages makes his employ- ment constant and he becomes expert in.the work. And the fact that such a system is resulting in the mainte- nance of constantly improving roads with the minimum of dust and mud makes it very satisfactory. It is difficult to bring American roadbuilders to adopt a method so long drawn out. We must do it at once and then quit. This may be the best method for managing the com- paratively small traveled country roads, but if an ideal condition is to obtain in village traffic the work, while not constant by any means in our American towns, must be more frequently repeated than in country roads. The village street, then, to be ideal must have care. There is the satis- faction in this method that the pro- gressive work is constantly increas- ing in permanence. And not only must the treatment of the road sur- face have this continuous attention but there must be the constant watching for contamination of any animals, especially horses. It is use- less to fight the fly in the stores un- less the vigilance be exercised in the street and, indeed, over the entire Beto aso Sc eeaeee” anaes sate village. Animals, other than the genus homo, are doubtless necessary in villages, but the constant study to make their visits near the marts of trade short, and to keep them when siabled as far away as possible, will be well repaid in a better apprecia- tion of sanitary surroundings. W. N. Fuller. me aac Receipt for a Good Town. Grit. Vim. Push, Snap. Energy. Schools. Morality. Churches, Harmony. Cordiality. Advertising, Talk about 17 Write about it. Cheap propert’. Speak well of it. Healthy location. Help to improve it. Advertise in its paper. Good country tributary, Patronize its merchants. Elect good men to office. Honest competition in prices. Make the atmosphere healthy. Faith exhibited by good works. Fire all croakers, loafers and deadbeats. Let your object be the welfare, growth and promotion of your town and its people. Speak well of the public-spirited men, and also be one of them yourself.- Be honest with all your fellow-men. >> The Twist of Trees. A singular uniformity has been ob- served in the twist of tree trunks. In 990 trees out of every 1,000 whose trunks show torsion, the direction of the twist is from right to left. This accords with the direction of the revolution of cyclonic storms in the Northern Hemisphere, and also with that of whirlpools, which the French savant, Jean Brunhes, says almost invariably turn from right to left. The question arises whether in the Southern Hemisphere the torsion of tree trunks has an opposite direction, like the cyclonic motions of the at- mosphere in that half of the globe. — 2 ~~ The way to Easy street runs right through Hard Work avenue. How To Destroy Cut Worms. Through the kindness of a member oi his flock a local pastor, has secur- ed the use of a vacant lot for the season with a view to its cultivation as a garden patch. The good man fertilized it liberally from had it spaded and then he raked it, made it into beds and planted it just as the books told him how to do. Encouraged by the early spring many of the crops are already in evidence and the pastor has taken special pride in the thrifty appearance of his radish bed. The little seedlings, however, seemed to be suffering from a mysterious foe. Where would be a nice row at night ii the morning he would find several plants cut off at the root and the little seed leaves withering where they had fallen. The next morning more of the plants would be gone and entire rows seemed doomed. In despair the pastor called to a neigh- bor to tell him what was the matter. The neighbor examined the testimony and promptly pronounced it a case of cut worm. “I know of no remedy for them, but I can tell you how to gain some relief,” said the neighbor as he began stirring the ground with his finger where the last ravages had been committed. “You first find the worm—ah, here it is,” he continued as he lifted a greyish looking, curled- up worm from the dirt. “Then you find a place in the path where the ground is packed hard and smooth— here’s a good place. You lay the worm down, this way, and then tak- ing a deep breath come down on it with all the weight of your right foot and as you do so say ‘D—d!’ This puts at least one worm beyond do- ing any more damage, and what you say gives the relief. And, Parson, as far as I am concerned you needn’t be airaid to say it right out loud. If I hear you I’ll say, ‘Amen.’ ” Se en Strong For Its Age. Quick Luncher—Do you call this a three-minute egg? Waiter—Sure. it? Quick Luncher—I’m not a_ very good judge of ages, but I’ll bet a lit- tle even money it’s a three-year egg. —_+~-¢—___ Some folks find out how far a dollar will go by seeing how far they can go on a dollar. another member’s_ barn, What do you call WoRDEN GROCER COMPANY The Prompt Shippers tiga oe eee Grand Rapids, Mich. May 4, 1910 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 3 Smoothed Out Some of the Wrin- kles. nd Anton G. Hodenpyl was here last week and the few days he spent in Grand Rapids served to dispel much of the misapprehension that existed in the public mind in regard to the Commonwealth Power Railway and Light Company, or as it is popularly called, “the merger.” The promoters of this enterprise, Hodenpyl, Wal- r bridge & Co. of New York, EW. Clark & Co., of Philadelphia, and W. A. Foote, of Jackson, have been so tremendously busy since its inception , * ¥) arranging details, that they over- . looked the importance, even the ne- * _cessity, of publicity, and it was this a and politics that invited criticism and attack. As a matter of fact, however, at the company has not been trying to conceal or cover up anything. Too +, busy to make explanations, the com- pany has worked in the open and in harmony with the State officials, and its endeavor has been to come under State laws. “ According to Mr. Hodenpyl the present Commonwealth Power Com- pany, now a Maine corporation, was to have been reorganized under the ___ An Object Lesson. A man came into a Hastings store recently bearing under his arm a cat- alogue of a Chicago house. “Do you think,” he said, “that you can sell me a certain article as cheap as this catalogue?” “T’ll see,” said the merchant. Fig- uring up the cost of transportation, stationery, etc., they found the total to be $2.28. “Sell it to me at that figure and I’ll buy here,” challenged the man. “All right,” said the merchant. “You can have it for $2.25.” The man bought and went away rejoicing, but in a few days he came back real mad. “See here,” he said. “You horn- swoggled me on that deal the other day!” “How is chant. “You sold that identical thing to my neighbor for $2.” “Well, that is the regular price,” admitted the merchant, “but you must remember you only asked me to meet the price of your catalogue.” Since it was on the man with the catalogue they merely smoked up and let it go at that, but the cata- that?” smiled the’ mer- or more in Michigan the first year.|logue order business suffered a de- The water power plant on the Au|cided slump in that particular locali- Sable will be one item; steam plants ty —I lastings, Neb., Republican. $8,750,000 were to be actually issued, *he outside corporation. The local THREE LETTERS WHICH GO TO PROVE THE SUPERIORITY OF Dandelion Brand Butter Color ee _-_-— —- ———- eestor semaine sarcmneseannemasgetemseeteinie acesaseeeneonnnesns — > P| L 4 ca ts Dyer, Ind., January 19, 1910. _ Dear Sirs:—Your letter of the 15th inst. re- ceived. In regard to the prizes I have won, as requested in your letter, will say that in the last aap year and a half I have won the following prizes and high scores with my butter, all with the (2 Wells & Richardson Butter Color. May 1908, Indiana Scoring Contest, 96 2nd place 4 Mar. 1909, Indiana Scoring Contest, 95 Ist place an May 1909, Indiana Scoring Contest, 96% highest whole milk Sept. 1909, Indiana State Fair Contest, 93% ¥ : i Ist premium creamery butter Dec. 1909, Indiana Scoring Contest, 94% 2nd place 4 Jan. 1910, State Dairy Convention, 94 highest score s I will add that other scores made at the bi- -~= monthly scoring contests were very creditable, my average for the six entries for 1909 being 93.83. Dandelion Brand Butter Color is the best. Yours very truly, (Signed) W. F. MADAUS. Lone Rock Co-operative Creamery Company Lone Rock, Iowa, March 21, roo. Dear Sirs:—Yours of the’ 14th at hand. In regard to the Dandelion Brand Butter Color, I have been using it now for nearly three years, and can say that I am more than pleased with the results that I have had by using it. It gives the rich golden June color which takes the con- sumer’s eye and never affects the flavor of the butter. Inthe part two years I have won three first prizes and four second prizes, which I have won by using Dandelion Brand Butter Color. Yours very truly, (Signed) G. J. GUDKNECHT. Gentlemen:— with fourteen years of buttermaking and hav- ing used your Dandelion Brand Butter Color for about two years past, I find Butter Color is more uniform and is stronger and I can color more butter with the same amount of color than with any other color that I have used. Every can I find is the same—that bright June shade. Dallas, Wis., March 6, 1910. After experimenting with different colors, that your Yours respectfully, (Signed) OLE ESKER. Over 90% of the buttermakers of the country won’t have any other kind, for Dandelion Brand is the best—proved so by years of trying tests. : golden color that makes it sell better. It gives butter the rich, Dandelion Brand Butter Color Purely Vegetable We guarantee that Dandelion Brand Butter Color is purely vegetable and that the use of same for coloring butter is permitted under all food laws, State and National WELLS & RICHARDSON CO. BURLINGTON, VERMONT ty! ie | ee ee $ 5 w & Z a S 2 So PH fe LAR tS ea “4 Tn Rc =— STSSEETAM Gave rey_ (=? —— ay ——}, Movements of Merchants. Pontiac—Beardsley & Hickmott are building an addition to their store. Belding—G, w. Gould, recently of Cadillac, has opened here. Baldwin—4William Walsh, recently of Chicago, will open a cigar factory here. Birmingham—The grocery store of Joseph Wilcox has discontinued busi- ness. Cadillac—Dunn & Campbell have concluded to retire from the grocery a baxaar store business. Allegan—Earl Herman succeeds George R. sarney in the tailoring business. Pittsford—G. C. Joslyn, recently of Coldwater, has engaged in the baking business here. Monroe Center—A. G. Burst has sold his general stock to Mr. Rep, of Williamsburg, Nahma—The Bay de Noquet Co. is running its large mill full blast -cut- ting hardwoods, Eaton Rapids—John Birney added paints, kodak supplies books to his drug stock. Grayling-—The capital stock of the Kerry & Hansen Flooring Co. has been increased from $75,000 to $100,- 000. Saline—!_. M. Thorn has purchased the new store building of Carl Haus- er and will occupy it with a stock of groceries about June r. Bronson—The Bronson Commer- cial Club has induced Wm. A. Kipp, ef Coldwater, to locate an iron and brass foundry in this village. Boyne City—Stanley Wildern has sold his stock of jewelry to Frank Trudean, recently of Frederic, who will take possession about June 1. Detroit — The Hecla Company, wholesale coal dealer and cement manufacturer, has increased its capi- tal stock from $1,000,000 to $1,500,- ooo. Alma—Mrs Effie Webb has pur- chased the bakery and confectionery stock of William Sturdevant and will continue the business under her own name. Rowley—The Rowley Mercantile Co. has engaged in business with an authorized capital stock of $5,000, all of which has been subscribed and paid in in property. East Jordan—Martin Vickers and Harley Hammond have formed a co- Partnership and engaged in the music business under the style of the East Jordan Music Co. Standish—Ernest Parry has assum- ed the management of the cheese has and factory and general store conducted it, in connection with located six miles west of here. Hart—Ralph Aldrich and Elza Everts have formed a copartnership and purchased the Ardis bakery and will continue the business under the Style of Aldrich & Everts. Fowlerville—E, S. Nichols has pur- chased the general merchandise stock Of the late 1. FF Peet estate, at Parker’s Corners. and will continue the business at the same location. Kalamazoo—Referee in Bankruptcy Briggs has issued an order directing the sale of the Verdon cigar factory and other Property connected with the estate for the benefit of the cred- itors. Charlotte—Fred J. Wood has pur- chased the separator and gasoline en- gine branch of the E. B. Pierce & Co. business and will conduct the same, for a time at least, at the present location. Menominee—Joseph H. Simansky has purchased the interest of the late Isaac Simansky in the clothing and shoe stock of J. Simansky & Son and will continue the business under his Own name, Detroit—A new company has been crganized under the style of the Wis- ner Carburetor Co., with an author- ized capitalization of $6,000, of which $5,500 has been subscribed and $1,000 paid in in cash. Otsego—Mansfield Bros. have sold a half interest in their drug stock to Gurdon Clark, who has been in their employment for the past three years. The business will be continued under the style of Mansfield Bros. & Co. Saginaw—William A. Oering has resigned his position as manager of the F. A. Richter drug store and pur- chased the drug stock of the Jay Smith & Son branch store and will continue the business under his own name. Sault Ste. Marie—William Pakka and Andrew Hokkanen have formed a copartnership and purchased the L. & J. Fisher grocery stock and wil! continue the business at the same lo- cation under the style of Pakka & Hokkanen. Bay City—There is a strong prob- ability that the M. W. Tanner Co., the Saginaw dry goods dealer, will es- tablish a branch store here. Mr. Tan- ner has spent two days in this city negotiating for the Romer, Lovell & Co. stock and lease. Saginaw—-Fire broke out in the store of the James Stewart Mercan- tile Co. and Biwa Grocery Co. and before the flames could be extin- guished damage estimated at $4,000 was done. The fire started in the wholesale store and quickly spread to the grocery store. The damage is covered by insurance. SE SEIT NN ST MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Birmingham — James W. Cobb, dealer in drugs and groceries, has merged his business into a_ stock company under the style of the Cobb-Stanley-Harris Co., with an au- thorized capital stock of $11,000, all of which has been subscribed and paid in in cash. Sunfield—J. H. Palmer & Co., deal- ers in grain, tile, cement, etc., have merged their business into a stock company under the style of J. H. Palmer & Co., Incorporated. The company has an authorized capital stock of $20,000, of which $10,000 has been subscribed and paid in in prop- erty. Marion—M. Alvin has moved his stock of general merchandise to De- troit after a business career in this village of more than twenty-one years. He was one of the organizers cf the Marion State Bank and has al- ways been a_ progressive business | man. About two years ago Mr. Al-| vin purchased a seven-family terrace | in Detroit. Kalamazoo—John J. Knight, who | is actively interested in the organiza- | tion of a company to erect a large | mill near the plant of the Vegetable | Parchment mill, says that within a | few days he expects to make definite | announcement of the success or fail- | ure of the undertaking. The matter | depends much on the ability to get | the party desired to assume the man- | agement of the mill. Detroit—The itinerant vendors’ or- | dinance, imposing a license fee of | $100 a day on transient dealers, has been so effective in keeping this class of operatives outside the city that the measure has attracted attention elsewhere. The Boston Chamber of| Commerce, after some correspon- dence with the Detroit Board of Com. merce, has drafted a measure model- ed after the local ordinance and sends werd there is every prospect of its early adoption. Birmingham—Lee Stanley, former- ly in the livery business here, James F. Wooster and Wilborn Harris with James W. Cobb make up the new firm that is to do business in the stores now occupied by the Cobb drug and grocery and the Central drug stores. The Stores are to be connected and the groceries handled in the apartments now occupied by Mr. Cobb, while the drugs and ice cream fountain will be put in the Present Central drug store. Pontiac—Walter Joseph Fisher, the missing grocer of this place, is in Havana. His brother, Mark, who is engaged in the grocery business with him, received the following cable- gram from Havana: “Look after busi- ness carefully. I will return at once.” The family believe that ill health and too many business cares caused young Fisher to become tem- pcrarily unbalanced mentally and dur- ing this period he sailed for Cuba, A cable was sent to him at Havana, but the family do not know whether it reached him. Hart—The recent Speese bank- ruptcy case has been decided in favor of A. M. Kobe, holder of a chattel mortgage on the Speese stock. Mr. Kobe’s claim of $800 and interest has May 4, 1919 ee taking precedence over all others. was at first claimed that a mortgage to be valid must be filed four months before bankruptcy pr ceedings are begun. Mr. Kobe mortgage did not quite come with); the ruling, but he established th, point that when he took the mor zage he had perfect confidence tha; Speese at that time was solvent Supreme ruling, St. Johns—Noble Burnett has leas ed, and it is being fitted up for him, the room in the Steel Hotel block formerly occupied by McKinley and more rceently by the Detroit Mer- centile Co. The front is being chang- ed for his benefit and will have the e1trance in the center, a large show window to be on each side. The front archway between this room and I? chatt, ] and Court decisions Sustain thi. | Mulder’s will be closed, but there wil! be one at the rear; there will be none between this room and the room just vacated by Mack. Mr. Burnett. will put in an entirely new line of general dry goods and ladies’ furnishings, to- gcther with carpets, rugs, etc., which he is now purchasing. The store will be ready for business by May 15. Mr. Burnett has had Many years of ex- perience in dry goods and is acknow].- edged to be as well posted in this line as any man in Michigan. Manufacturing Matters. Tula—The Tula Lumber Co. has increased its capital stock from $25,- 000 to $250,000. Sandusky—The Silent Salesman Co. has changed its name to the Weber Vending Machine Co. Detroit—-The capital stock of the TOR. Rast (oo. fea been increased from 125,000 to $150,000. Kalamazoo—The capital stock of the American Carriage Co. has been decreased from $70,000 to $28,000. Kalamazoo—The Michigan Vacuum Canning Co. has changed its name to the Michigan Canners Brokerage Co. Escanaba—The Escanaba Lumber Co. has broken ground for its hard- wood flooring plant, which will be running about June 15. Masonville—The Escanaba Lumber Co. is building a scow of 150,000 feet Capacity to facilitate the forwarding of lumber to boats at this place. Kalamazoo—The King Paper Co. has closed a contract with the Heine Chimney Co, of Chicago, for a 175 foot stack to be built of radial brick. It will cost $3,000. Hastings — The Hastings Motor Shaft Co. has engaged in business with an authorized capital stock of $30,000, of which $27,500 has been subscribed and $6,875 paid in in cash. Arcadia—A new company has been Organized under the style of the Ar- cadia Lumber Co., with an authorized capital stock of $30,000, all of which has been subscribed and paid in in cash. Otsego—The Otsego Coated Paper Co. has just installed four large coat- ing machines in its new plant, which is 512 feet long, 75 feet wide and two stories high. The machines are double capacity, two being on each floor, The total improvements just being com- been allowed by the referee, his claim SSR ES Ri PO SEG SII Sa seroma pleted by this concern aggregate in value $100,000. Vv oe MICHIGAN TRADESMAN RY“ PRODUCE MARKET L— -, a a ~ a) The Produce Market. Asparagus—$2 per crate for nois. Tli- Bananas—The demand is increasing as warm weather approaches. Prices range from $1.50@2.50, according to size. Beets—$1.50 per bbl. Butter—The make is steadily in- creasing, but the situation is made firm by reason of the low supply of storage butter. There is practically no storage butter except under- grades and the trade are therefore compelled to depend on fresh re- ceipts, which are not yet adequate. The market will probably not go much higher, as it is even now 4@5¢ higher than a year ago. The quality of the current receipts is good and some of the butter arriving is begin- ning to show grass. Local handlers quote creamery at 29c for tubs and 290%c for prints; dairy ranges from 18@19ce for packing stock to 23c for No. I; process, 25@26c; oleo, 12@2Ic. Cabbage — Mississippi stock com- niands $2.50@3 per crate. Cauliflower—$1.50 per doz. for Cal- ifornia. Carrots—$2 per bbl. Celery — 65@go0c for California; $225 per crate for Florida. Cucumbers — Hothouse, $1.50 per doz. Eggs—No change has occurred in the market during the past week. The receipts are increasing and the feel- ing is easier both in a consumptive and speculative way. The keen edge is off the demand for storage, al- though eggs will be bought for stor- age for several weeks yet. The mar- ket looks steady, although a deter- mined effort is being made to pound the price down to a lower level. Lo- cal dealers are paying Igc f. o. D. shipping point, holding case count at 20c and carefully selected stock at ate. Egg Plant—$1.75 per doz. Grape Fruit—Florida is steady at $3.25 per box for 96s, $3.50 for 80s and $4.30 for 54s and 64s. Cuban is soc per box less. Green Peppers—$3 per 6 _ basket crate from Florida. Honey—15c per tb. for white clov- er and 12c for dark. Lemons—The market is steady on the basis of $4@4.25 per box for both Messinas and Californias. Lettuce—-Hothouse leaf, 12c per ty.: head, Southern stock, $1.50 per hamper. Onions — Texas Bermudas com- mand $18 per crate for yellow and S2 per crate for white; home grown green, 15c per doz. bunches. Oranges—Very firm, the demand running much heavier since apples have been reduced to a very few of the long-keeping varieties. Quota- ticns on Navels have advanced to $3.50@3.75 per box. Pieplant_7s5¢ for 40 fb. box. Pineapples—$3.50 for 42s and 48s; $4.25 for 36s; $4.50 for 24s and 30s. The Cuban crop is reported large and of good quality. Florida pines will not begin to arrive for some weeks yeu. Potatoes—-Florida new fetch $2 per bu. Old stock is moving sluggishly on about the former basis. Poultry—Local dealers pay 16c for fowls and springs; toc for old roost- ers; 15c for ducks; 8@1oc for geese and 16@17c for turkeys. Radishes—z25c per doz. bunches for either round or long. Spinach—6s5c per bu. grown. Strawberries—Mississippi stock is lower, having declined to $2.75@3 for 24 quarts. Tennessee stock is arriv- ing freely and finding ready sale at $2@3.25 for 24 quarts. Sweet Potatoes—$3.50 per bbl. for genuine kiln dried Jerseys. Tomatoes—$2.25 per 6 basket crate from Florida. Turnips—soc per bu. Veal—The market is much easier than at any time the past thirty days and a reduction is expected. The de- mand is much lighter than the sup- ply. Dealers pay 5@6c for poor and thin; 6@7c for fair to good; 8@oc for good white kidney; toc for fancy. 2 The Drug Market. and Morphine—Are for home Opium changed. Quinine—Is very firm but unchang- ed. Cod Liver Onl steadily advancing. Cubeb Berries—Continue high and stocks are limited. Buchu Leaves—Are again advanced and are tending higher. —_—_»>-<— Mayor Ellis has made a most ex- cellent appointment in the selection of William B. Weston to serve five years on the Board of Police and Fire Commissioners. Mr. Weston served a full term on the same Board several years ago and made a most excellent record. He is conservative yet liberal, holding strictly to the letter and spirit of the law. If all of Mayor Ellis’ appointments were ona par with Mr. Weston he would retire from office with as much credit as Edwin F. Sweet did some years ago. Unfortunately, most of his appoint- ments are wretchedly bad. ——_~ 2 John P. Hatt, general dealer, Atti- ca, Ind.: Could not do without your paper. un-~ — Norwegian is The Grocery Market. Sugar—Raws are strong and higher and refiners are talking about a high- er range of values. Tea—The market continues very quiet. There seems a general apathy as to buying tea, and the demand is for immediate wants only. Very like- ly a large percentage of buyers are waiting for the new tea season to open. As to price, the situation is unchanged throughout the line. Everything desirable is steadily held. Coffee—Mild are moving fairly well and prices are the same as quot- ed last week. The supply of Santos coffee is being gradually consumed, as there is more of this coffee used in the United States than any other and as no more can arrive from San- tos until after July 1 the market is sure to be well cleaned up. The op- tion market has been both up and down the last month, but not enough to affect the price of spot coffee. Canned Goods Tomatoes are without change. Spot corn is in fair demand at unchanged prices. Future corn, particularly Western and South- ern brands, is firm and many packers have withdrawn from the market. Spot and future peas are unchanged and quiet. The freeze in the West has strengthened the market for the brands of apples packed here to some extent, but generally speaking conditions are unchanged. It is said that pears are closely cleaned up on the Coast, but the rest of the line is in just fair supply. Apricots are a little cheaper, as the new crop, which is expected to be a large one, is not far off. The demand is increasing on canned fish, since the weather has been so warm, which has killed the sale of salt fishto a great extent. Can- ned salmon is nearly all cleaned up on the Coast and the supply is not large with most wholesalers, but the demand is good on all grades. Sar- dines are also selling well, but ad- vices from Maine report that the catch so far is small. Prices are the same as last week, but are very firm. Oysters are moving very well at un- changed prices. Dried Fruits—Apricots are quiet and unchanged. Raisins are dull and weak, the raisin day plan not having as yet the slightest effect upon the market. Future prices have been nam- ed on the full line of dried fruits dur- ing the week. On an average they are slightly below the opening prices last year, although not so low as pric- es finally went to last year. Future apricots have already dropped about 34c from the opening. Choice cots opened at 834c, but are now quoted at 734c. Spot currants are quiet and unchanged. Other dried fruits are cull and unchanged. Spot prunes are dull and are particularly weak in sec- ondary markets. The warm season when prunes must be moved quickly er pay cold storage charges is too close to keep the market _ strong. Peaches are in fair demand at un- changed prices. Rice—Prices still remain very cheap but show a little firmer tone on Ja- pan sorts, which attract more atten- tion in sympathy with larger move- ments and advanced prices in pri- mary market. Reports from the South 5 note at New Orleans the market is steady and the supply of Japan sorts is small. Syrups and Molasses—Corn is without change. compound syrup The demand for is quiet. Sugar syrup is wanted for export, but is quiet for thome consumption. Mo- lasses quiet, steady and unchanged. Provisions—There has been a little easier tone in hams, bellies and ba- con for the last ten days, but at this writing a stronger feeling seems to be manifesting itself. The outlook is for a continued high price of hogs and a strong smoked meat market. Pure lard is 4c higher than a week ago; compound is firm but unchang- ed; demand is fair. Barrel pork is unchanged and in fair demand, as is dried beef. Canned meats are strong and look higher; demand is light. Cheese—-New is higher than last year and is satisfying the trade fairly well, although the quality is by no means as good as it will be later. The supply of old cheese is now about ex- hausted and the trade is compelled to depend wholly on new, which is still in very light receipt. Fish-—-Cod, hake and haddock are unchanged and quiet. Domestic sar- dines show no change and are rather firmly held. Imported sardines are still quiet and inclined to be easy. Sal- mon on spot Syrup is scarce and high, al though in fair demand considering the price. Future salmon has not yet been opened. Mackerel is easier and shows but light demand. There has been some price-cutting among the various holders during the week in an effort to push sales. o.oo Detroit—A new company has been organized under the style of the Grant & Wood Manufacturing Co. to man- ufacture and deal in machinery, tools and implements. The company has an authorized capital stock of $1,000,- 000, of which $800,000 has been sub- scribed, $111,930.79 being paid in in cash and $688,060.21 in property. —_+--____ Detroit—A new company has been organized under the style of the Ro- tary Valve Motor Co., with an au- thorized capital stock of $100,000, all cf which has been subscribed $15,000 paid in in cash. and —__-*- ____ Owosso—The Owosso Motor Co. has been incorporated with an author- ized capital stock of $200,000, of which $128,500 has been subscribed, $13,500 being paid in in cash and $302,000 in property. ren lal ee Detroit--The Robinson Motor Car Construction Co. has been incorporat- ed with an authorized capitalization of $20,000, all of which has been sub- scribed and paid in in cash. ——_~+-2—__ Detroit—-The Woodbridge Machine Co. has been incorporated with an au- thorized capital stock of $10,000, all ot which has been subscribed and paid in in property. ——__>+-___ George L. Thomas has sold his gro- cery stock at the corner of Third and Turner streets to J. C. Hendricksen, recently of Greenville. > The Dake-American Steam Turbine Co. has changed its name to the R. G. Peters Manufacturing Co. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN e May 4, 1910 HENRY FRALICK. Some Incidents of His Long and Useful Career. The city of Grand Rapids and the State of Michigan lost a man who had rendered important public serv- ice when Henry Fralick passed out of life in this world some ten years ago. A summary of his services as a member of the State Legislature dur- ing three terms, as a member of the constitutional convention of 1850, as ‘ President of the Board of Education of the city of Grand Rapids eight years, as a Justice of the Peace, Supervisor and County Auditor, as Treasurer of Olivet college, as a trustee of the Park Congregational church, as a member of the State Board of Managers at the Philadel- phia Centennial Exposition and also of the commission appoint- ed by the Governor to distrib- ute relief to sufferers by the fires that destroyed Manistee, Holland and other towns in 1871 would fur- nish material sufficient to fill a good sized volume. His private enterprises included banking, merchandising, manufacturing and dealing in real es- tate, in all of which he was success- ful. He was born in Minden, New York, in 1812 and in 1824 came to Michigan with his family and settled in Wayne county. In the year 1832 he shipped as a landsman on a whal- ing vessel at New Bedford, Mass., bound for the South Atlantic and the Indian Ocean. His ship returned two years later with a cargo of oil and whalebone. Of this Mr. Fralick was paid a one hundred and fiftieth part for his services—the usual plan of settlement followed by ship owners in the whale killing business with their crews. The eighteen barrels of oil he received he sold for $25 per barrel, and for his share of the whalebone he realized $150. Mr. Fralick participated in many exciting adventures while at sea, among which was the capture of a sperm whale measuring 86 feet in length and 16 feet in diameter. He was one of a boat’s crew that was towed in a cir- cle eighty miles at a speed of twenty miles per hour by the whale after it had been struck with harpoons, when the whale sunk, taking 8,o00 feet of line before stopping. He spent sev- eral later years at sea and acquired many of the superstitions of seamen, which he clung to until death. He would transact no business on Fri- day, fearing that ill-luck would befall him. The writer remembers calling at his office in the rear of the Grand Rapids National Bank one morning for the purpose of paying a small account. Mr. Fralick, usually pleas- ant and cordial, was found lying upon a couch. “You will have to come in again. I can not take up that mat- ter to-day,” he petulantly remarked. When reminded that he need but re- ceipt the bill rendered to close the transaction, he grew quite irritable and, putting his hat on his head, rudely left the office. He was fre- quently called upon to close up es- tates on account of his ability as a conservator of the interests of the heirs. In 1870 Sarel E. Wood, a pio- neer citizen of Grand Rapids, sup- posed to be wealthy, died and Mr. Fralick was appointed administrator of the estate. Mr. ‘Wood’s affairs were very much entangled and seem- ingly nothing would remain for his heirs after the debts had been paid. Mr. Fralick managed the business en- trusted to him so well that the home- stead and a modest income were sav- ed to the wife and daughter. Mr. Fralick was a Democrat, but did not seek political office in his later years. Soon after the close of the war he was nominated for the office of mayor, during his absence from the city. He did not return until the day before election was held and gave but little attention to the campaign. He was defeated by a very popular man by a small major- ity. When in 1867 an amendment pro- posing to remove the word “white” as a qualification for suffrage from the constitution of our State was sub- mitted to a vote of the people, Mr. Fralick and the writer were the only Democrats living in the city of Grand Rapids in that year who voted in favor of its adoption. The amend- ment failed to carry by 40,000 ma- jority. A few years later an amend- ment submitted to the people grant- ing the right of suffrage to colored men carried by a very large majority. Had Mr. Fralick lived until the winter of the current year, he would have been active and influential in the ranks of the “drys.” He drafted the law prohibiting the sale or manu- facture of liquor in the State of Mich- igan that was passed in 1851 and re- mained on the statutes about forty Arthur S. ‘White. —__3.+.2>___ A Death Blow To the Small Town. We live in an era of progress. We are moving forward so rapidly that there is danger that some proposed so-called modern improvements may be accepted as beneficial which in their actual working out, when prac- tically tried, would prove to be evils in the guise of benefits. An illustra- tion of this is the proposition to turn the postoffice department into a car- rier of all kinds of miscellaneous merchandise by the adoption of a par- cels post system. From a national point of view one of the most seri- ous dangers from this system is the inevitable effect that it would have to throw into mail order channels and transfer to the great cities of the country a vast volume of trade now done in the small cities, country towns and villages. That this would be an evil no one with a mind capable of thought can deny. Stupendous changes in the method of transacting the business of distributing merchan- dise to the consumers would result, and the result of every change would be to transfer trade and population to the great cities. It would practi- cally wipe out the jobbing trade and the country merchant would inevita- bly become, as the Postmaster Gen- eral says, in effect, he has become in Germany, a sales agent without any stock in trade, offering specific goods as they are sold, just as a manufac- turer’s agent does in this country, years. requiring no more of the machinery of trade than is necessary to transmit his orders to the central factory or warehouse. Retail merchants now engaged in trade in thousands of the smaller trade centers in all parts of the country would be forced out of business, their stores would be closed and some great mail order concern in a big city would do the business. The people employed to transact it would necessarily live in the cities where the trade was done. In every European country where the parcels post system exists it has had this ef- fect. The cities of those countries in Europe have grown in population and trade with stupendous strides, at the expense of the country, since the parcels post system has been in vogue. That system has undoubted- ly been one of the great promoting influences towards this centralization of trade and population in the cities. To break the effect of this funda- mental objection to the parcels post the proponents of that scheme urge that it will stimulate the settlement of the rural regions, because it will increase the conveniences of rural life. So it would stimulate rural set- tlement, if the Government would furnish everyone who would move in- to the country with a donation of money and a free supply of garden tools. If the huge treasury deficit which would be caused by the parcels post system if inaugurated were gifts from the Government, it would un- doubtedly result in creating many new homes, but the reaction from such a scheme would far overbalance the benefits from it. The fact is incontrovertible that the goods, wares and merchandise, house- hold goods, garden tools, dry goods and clothing, groceries qnd all food products not produced on the farm must be purchased from some source by the dwellers in the country. Where are these goods to come from and where are the people who conduct the trade of supplying them to live? If the countless millions of dollars expended by the dwellers in the coun- try for such things in the course of a year are sent to the great cities, and the goods ordered there from huge mail order concerns, to be delivered by parcels post, then the fact can not be gainsaid that the people who trans- act that immense volume of annual business will be concentrated in the cities. The large population now transacting the business in the small cities, the country towns and the country villages will be transferred to the cities. The eventual working out of such a system will result, in the end, in dividing our population irto two classes—those living in the great cities and those living on the farms, whether they be large or small, in the country. The interme- diate population, which now furnish- es the social center for the farmer’s life in the nearby town or village, or in a small city where practically every social advantage can be had that ex- ists in the larger cities, would strug- gle for existence against a constantly increasing industrial force that would tend, like a mighty maelstrom, to Sweep into the large cities year by year a greater and greater propor- tion of the population and trade of the entire country. It is this effect on the population engaged in commercial pursuits and in the trade of distributing to the consumer countless millions of dol- laers’ worth of merchandise every year that is entirely overlooked by the proponents of the parcels post scheme when they contend that the effect of that system would be to move population from the cities to the country—Omaha Trade Exhibit. —_—_~+--__ The Clerk Who Waits To Be Told. I was talking recently with the manager of a cigar store in which sev- eral clerks are employed, and, indi- cating one of them who had been with him for some time, he said: “T really don’t know what to do with that young man. I can not help liking him, but he does try my pa- tience. He is always pleasant and seems anxious to please, but he real- ly has no more initiative than a wooden Indian. In all the time that he has been with me I do not suppose that he has even once done the sim- plest thing outside of the absolute routine without being told to do it. “And whenever I ask him why he has not done some_ simple thing that any other clerk in the store would do upon his own initiative, his answer always is, ‘Why, you never told me to do that, sir.’ “Now I actually believe that if one of the other clerks left the door open on a cold day it would never occur to him to step from behind the coun- ter and shut it unless he was ask- ed to. “His intentions seem to be good, and whenever I ask him to do any- thing he does it cheerfully, but it seems as though it was impossible for him to think for himself.” After listening to the manager | asked him if this particular clerk re- membered a thing after he had once been told, and he said that he be- lieved he generally did. I then sug- gested that he have a heart to heart talk with the young man and try to impress upon him the necessity .of thinking for himself, if he ever ex- pected to make a success in the re- tail cigar business. He did have such a talk, and as a result, at last reports, the young man was showing some slight improvement. There are a good many young men, and some men that are no long- er young, in the cigar business who always wait to be told what to do, and in case there is no one at hand to tell them what to do the thing that ought to be done is left un- done. Naturally these men are always at the foot of the list in the matter of salary. A part of the money that they ought to be drawing is going to some one else who tells them what to do.—Tobacco. ee nes Reassuring. Robbie ran into the sewingroom and cried: “Oh, mamma! There’s a man in the nursery kissing Fraulein.” Mamma dropped her-sewing and rushed for the stairway. “April fool!” said Robbie, gleefully, “It’s only papa,” ak, A the A x: canoes MICHIGAN TRADESMAN T xd You Need One We make more than 10,000 delivery and spring wagons annually as 4 % A q No. 240 Panel Top Wagon : ; You are in a hurry—get in your order for a BLUE RIBBON 7 quick. Agency in almost every town. Special catalogue mailed . direct to you. Send in your address on corner this page. , ei “ : . ce " Durant=-Dort Carriage Co. a Flint, Mich. Z Produce 50,000 Vehicles Annually anaceee “ss «s re PD OR SAE ANE SIO ESP a MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 CHIGAN TRADESMAN - C2e DEVOTED TO THE BEST INTERESTS OF BUSINESS MEN. Published Weekly by TRADESMAN COMPANY Corner Ionia and Louis Streets, Grand Rapids, Mich. Subscription Price. Two dollars per year, payable in ad- vance. Five dollars for three years, in advance. Canadian subscriptions, $3.04 per year, payable in advance. No subscription accepted unless ac- companied by a signed order and the price of the first year’s subscription, Without specific instructions to the con- trary all subscriptions are continued ac- cording to order. Orders to discontinue must be accompanied by payment to date. Sample copies, 5 cents each. Extra copies of current issues, 5 cents; of issues a month or more old, 10 cents; of issues a year or more old, $1. féntered at the Grand Rapids Postoffice as Second Class Matter. E. A. STOWB, Editor. payable Wednesday, May 4, 1910 MANHOOD AGAIN AT PAR. With no idea that the leopard is going to change its spots, any more than there is any danger of the cor- porations laying aside all selfishness and caring who gets hurt, in hinder- ing the insisted-on gain, it does warm the heart a little to read that the chairman of the Board of Directors of the steel corporation has recom- niended that one rest day in seven be given to the more than 200,000 men in that company’s employ. The an- nouncement has been a surprise. Cor- porations do not have the reputation of being troubled that way. What is one man’s welfare or the 200,000 welfare, for that matter, when it in- terferes in the slightest degree with the fat income which the organiza- tion is determined to have anyway? It looks much as if there were rea- sons for thinking that the corpora- tion is beginning to consider the man instead of his work; for wondering if, after all, manhood does not stand for something more than the hard-earn- ed dollar he gets; whether, man vs. the machine, the first of the two should not stand first, first, last, all the time, and that being so, whether the man would not be materially im- proved for the Sunday rest. It is an instance where there can be no harm in giving the employer the benefit of the doubt. Let it be assumed that in the eyes of the company manhood iS again at par; that good will is at the bottom of this resolution; that a rested man on Monday morning is a great deal better than one worn out and that Sunday and all that belongs to it should be to him and his as it is to the rest of humanity. If it were not an old story in Amer- ican experience there would be much wonderment as to the outcome of this commendable move. Without enter- ing into details, the much-desired re- sult will be the rapid development of these foreign workmen into Ameri- can citizens. Once rested they will have time to begin to think. Sun- tay in time is going to see these 200,- 000 workmen, to whom a holiday is a rarity and too often a curse, clean and well dressed and intelligently en- tering upon the rights of citizenship. Schooling is bound to mean some- thing to them and especially to their children. The men are going to shed more rapidly the brute that is in them and the women will not be long in showing what the established Sunday rest means to them. Will it be confined to this Sunday rest? Is it not possible as the move- ment spreads—for spread it will— that the employer may get to think- ing more kindly of even the rigid re- quirements of the day as our fathers knew them, with a higher regard for the sacred things that Sunday stands for? Look at it as we may, directly and indirectly, the Sunday that is no Sunday is the foundation reason for most of the wrong doing abroad in the land to-day. Careless of Sunday, careless of church, men work that day cr play that day and do not get the benefit of the seventh day’s_ rest. Who is ready to say that Albany and Fhiladelphia and Pittsburg are not suffering on account of this Sunday influence and that could the old New England Sunday come back again graft would go with its coming and that American manhood here in America would be again at par? CRIMINAL INDULGENCE. With the City of New York down on the list of a sane and a_ safe Fourth of July and with a great many doubting Thomases the country over laughing at the idea and the absurdity cf it the whole matter simmers down to this: Are the home influence and discipline strong enough to with- stand the pleading and coaxing of the boys and girls? Everybody with chil- dren knows how hard it is to say No, to mean what he says, to maintain it; but then follow the earnest plead- ings and the promises to be careful and, too often, the terrible results. It would be easy here to dwell at length upon the lax discipline of the American home and the gradual drift- ing away from the rigid bringing up of only a few generations ago. Dis- respect ‘for elders and superiors has become far too common and even in the home life courtesy is the last thing thought of by the child in man- ner and language with father or mother. Even now a_ tIo-year-old scolds his mother “in good set terms” because she has failed to carry out his own sweet will, while she, poor misguided woman, with her gentle, “Why, Willie, you shouldn’t- speak that way to your mother,” is proving as plainly as actual fact can how weak and criminal such lack of strong discipline is. Willful, impudent, sel- fish, this boy, not yet a bad one, is going to be a plague instead of the comfort Heaven intended him to be. Even now he has begun trying con- clusions with his teacher who, if the spunky boy is to be believed, is “the mieanest, crossest old thing that ever was.” Not from well ordered homes co such children come. What has all this to do with a safe and sane Fourth? Everything. The willful child wants his own way and will have it. The “No, Willie, dear,” is only the signal for the teasing and wheedling which in this case will re-’ sult, so far as permission is concern- ed, as to every grade of explosive that the shops can furnish. Hence the fingerless hands; hence the ruined eyesight and the powder burned faces and hence the fearful record of the last seven years in the United States, which gives a grand total of killed and mutilated numbering more than 34,000. The strange feature about the whole business is that a loving pa- rent, in the face of such facts, should weakly give way to childish fancy and run even the slightest risk when a firm No should settle the question once and forever. It is to be hoped that the city ordinances will come ef- fectively to the front and save the children from the indulgence of the parents—an indulgence as foolish as it is criminal and one that parental weakness should be thoroughly ashamed of. MAY BE PRESIDENT YET. The talk of the country has been the appointment to the bench of the United States Supreme Court of Gov. Charles E. Hughes accept- ance, A variety of opinions been expressed. There are those who say that Taft has turned a very slick political trick and that by putting Hughes on the Supreme Court bench —a place that every lawyer aspires to—he has helped the regulars and the “Old Guard” and put on the shelf the only man who could beat them in New York State. It is said that by this maneuver Gov. Hughes is placed on a shelf where he not even make a political speech, much less take an active hand in New York af- fairs. This, they think, will leave the situation clear for the continued man- agement of those who have misman- aged so badly in the past. Of course, this view of it credits President Taft with resorting to would please a and his have can such ward tactics as politician and perhaps indirectly implies that Gov Hughes retires from a field where his usefulness has been unparalleled to take a distinguished but very quiet place in the court of last resort, when he could do more strenuous work for the people. Mr. Hughes takes his new place at a financial sacrifice, but he believes it a duty he has been called upon to dis- charge. He can make practicing law in more money York City than in any other way under the sun. He can do a good deal of talking and New writing and vetoing between now and the first of October. His standards, ideals and methods are pretty wel established and others can live up to them if they wish. Those who say that it removes him from the possi- bility of being nominated for Presi- dent of the United States are mis- taken. It does remove him from the possibility of angling for the nomina- tion or playing politics to get it. This he would not have done under any circumstances. He never yet asked for a nomination or for even so much as a delegate, and he would not bezin now, so that as far as requests go it would make no difference. His being justice of the Supreme Court of the United States does not prevent him from being talked about for President, nor does it prevent him from being nominated, provided the people want him. It is only a little while ago that ‘ ‘Alton B. Parker, presiding justice of the Court of Appeals for the State of New York, was nominated for Presi- dent of the United States by the Democrats. He did not ask for the nomination nor seek it. If the people want him they can nominate Justice Hughes just as easily as they can nominate Gov. Hughes for the presi- dency. HELD IN HIGH ESTEEM. No prince, no king, nor the ruler of any land, could receive greater honors than those accorded to former Presiderit Roosevelt abroad. Royalty and republics vie with each other in doing him homage and the people of all countries are enthusiastic in his honor. This is as unusual as it is gratifying to Americans, when it is remembered that the distinguished guest is distinctly a private citizen, a voter like millions of others. When the late General U. $, Grant, after having served as President of the United States, went around the world there were some difficulty and embar- rassment about the social honors con- ferred, because ministers and ambas- sadors from various countries claimed that they represented the person of royalty, while the American was only a plain citizen without actual rank. Roosevelt has been much more en- thusiastically received and the hosts in every country have treated precisely as they would if he were actually a President instead of an ex- President of the United States. Every honor they know how to bestow has been cheerfully accorded. All these are evidences that America and its leading citizens are held in high es- teem. him WHEREIN THE BLAME LIES. The announcement that Detroit is to have another automobile factory, involving an expenditure of $2,000,000, naturally suggests the enquiry as to why Grand Rapids is not doing mor« in this direction. The answer is an easy one: Our lack of activity along this line is due entirely to the attitude of the rail- roads in placing an embargo on the growth and prosperity of the city by rigidly maintaining an unfair, unjust and unreasonable freight rate between Grand Rapids and the seaboard. Grand Rapids business men have been assured time and again by automo bile manufacturers that they could have branch automobile factories at this market providing they would in- duce the railroads to recede from their present position and place Grand Rapids in a zone that would enable it to compete with the other manufac- turing centers of the world. Until the railroads do this they are placing an effectual damper on the growth and prosperity of the city. As men and women add year to year of patient and loving service to others there writes itself in their hearts and in their faces the language of a divine and an eternal life. To the seeing eye what beauty there is in the faces that have been lined and wrinkled by troubles bravely borne. by the concealment of others’ faults and shortcomings, by the sorrows of other lives shared and lightened by unconscious heroism and sainthood! a oy * » < - * " + Y AS a ce + s * Ce Gr é 4 * May 4, 1910 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 9 FRUIT WITH FLAVOR. Work of the Western Michigan De- velopment Bureau. The Western Michigan Develop- ment Bureau is young, having only been in existence for a little over a year; yet, even now, it is a_ sturdy youngster, and although its organiza- tion is not as perfect as we hope it will be shortly, yet you will all, I think, be free to admit that even in the short space of one year, it has done a great deal for. Western Michi- gan, During the past four weeks, I have covered a large part of the territory embraced by the Bureau and the al- most universal testimony has been, that, as a result of its activities, the value of real estate all over this re- gion has been materially advanced, and what to me is of greater import- ance at this juncture, our own people have been awakened and are rapidly realizing what great advantages and splendid possibilities Western Michi- gan possesses. In my opinion we can do no more effective nor more valuable work than to drive this les- son home. Territory. I am often asked. How many counties are in the Bureau; I will say for your information that there are twenty, as follows: Ottawa, Kent, Montcalm, Newaygo, Muskegon, Oceana, Mecosta, Osceola, Lake, Ma- son, Manistee, Wexford, Missaukee, Grand Traverse, Leelanau, 3enzile, Antrim, Kalkaska, Charlevoix and Emmet. In this territory there are 20 coun- ties, 18 cities, 73 incorporated vil- lages, inhabitants, 9,912 575,237 miles, 37,516 farms, 33,100 farm Owners, 2,225,000 acres in farms, 1,792 public school houses, 3,561 teachers, $1,716,000 annual expendi- ture for schools, 852 churches, 22 granges, 347 post offices, 362 R. F. D. routes, 131 banks, 18 railway sys- tes, 431 loading stations, 1,740 miles main railroad track, $725,000 yearly for good roads, 22 daily newspapers, 119 weekly newspapers. With these facts before us it is very evident that Western Michigan has not lagged behind in the march of civilization, only in so far as the development of her latent possibili- ties is concerned, and we can safely say to the prospective newcomer that he can settle among us and find life truly worth living, with this decided advantage to boot, that nowhere else, if he is possessed of the right calibre, can he so quickly or so surely zain a competency. Aims and Objects. Our aims and objects as set forth on our stationery are “The further- ance of the Horticultural, Agricultur- al, Industrial and General Interests of a fertile region that is rapidly coming into its own.” square How we have gone about it in the past to accomplish these ends is perhaps familiar to most of you, but for the benefit of those who have not followed our work very closely, I will say that we published 250,000 copies of the booklet entitled “Western > Michigan,” the most of which have been judiciously distributed. I will be glad to supply any of you who have not seen this booklet with a copy. We have carried on an extensive correspondence in the interests of this region from our office at Trav- etse City. We have furnished to 116 news- papers facts, statistics and interest- ing items about this territory, and right here I wish to render the best thanks of the Bureau to the news- papers, for their unvarying courtesy, their loyalty to Western Michigan, and the very general “Push, Don’t Knock” attitude which they have shown. Nothing that we have done in the past, however, has called such favor- able and universal attention to West- ern Michigan as the exhibit of fruit, zrain and vegetables which we made at the Land and Irrigation Exposi- tion at Chicago last fall. John I. Gibson As you doubtless know, this expo- sition was projected by the enterpris- ing pushing Westerners, and its pri- mary object was the exploitation of the national and private irrigation projects of the West, which are re- claiming thousands of acres of land from the desert and making them blossom like the rose. At the last minute we were invited to take part in this exposition. With little or no preparation and without experience we accepted the invita- tion, and as the world now knows, we beat our Western brethren at their own game. After they had seen our exhibit they sat up, rubbed their eyes and doubted the evidence of their senses. The thousands of people who thronged the great Coliseum Build- ing from early morning until late at night, every day of the fifteen, dur- ing which the exhibition was in pro- gress, were filled with astonishment and wonder when they saw what Western Michigan is capable of do- ing. Strange to relate, but the peo- ple of Michigan generally were the most astonished and surprised of any and some facts were forced on their attention to which, before that time, they had given little if any heed. Some of them had known, in a general way, that Michigan produced the best potatoes, the finest white beans, good peaches, plums, pears, cherries, grapes and berries, but that Michigan could produce apples su- perior to those of the famous Hood River, Bitter Root and Wenatchee Valleys had never occurred to them and hence the surprise of most of the Michiganders who visited the Land and Irrigation Exposition. The aroma of the apples from the Michi- gan exhibit permeated the entire Ex- position building. So pronounced was this feature that a blind man re- marked: “I will have trouble in finding the Michigan exhibit the next time I come; the smell of your ap- ples will lead me here.” : no The slogan of the Michigan exhib- itors was “Fruit with Flavor.” That this is true and that Michigan fruit excels that of any other place in this respect were amply demonstrated at Chicago. Michigan Michigan and es- and fruit} growers found out some things which! were new to them at the Exposition: people pecially farmers First, that Michigan can grow ap- ples of as fine a color and appear-| ance as any in the world. None| better than Emmet county. Second, that superior in flavor, Michigan apples are Third, that while the Western man was selling his apples in Chicago] and other large cities of the Central West per bushel box, the Mich fon a price of $2.25 to $2.50 hi farmer) for | igan had sold his apples on the tree an average price of about $1.50 per'| | barrel of three bushels. Fourth, that the Western apple grower knew how to grow apples,| and how to pack them for market properly and how to market them to the best advantage after growing an! packing scientifically, while the Michigan farmer was still a farmer, | with an apple orchard on the farm as} a sort of side line which he cul-| tivated with a drove of hogs, pruned] by turning the sheep and cattle and horses in to pasture what little grass| the hogs left, and had never consid | ; ‘ ered spraying or such new} fangled notions seriously, picking time came in the fall he would’ any } 2 jof We ee and when | li shake the poor neglected tree to har- vest the fruit which nature had per- sisted in growing, and after sizing up the small pile, he would “guess an orchard don’t pay.” I am glad to report, though, that this condition of things is changing rapidly and with the help and co- eperation of just such associations as yours, it will not be long until the Michigan farmer and_horticulturist will be as well posted, as_ well equipped and as efficient as any in this broad United States. In my opinion the only ‘Back to the Land” campaign that will win is: back with better knowledge, higher technical skill and a determination to keep abreast of the times. As a competent authority recently said, “Every year nowadays young men are finding in farming ample opportunity to apply all the brains they possess and all the scientific training they can acquire.” Plans. three Present We have secured hundred {square feet more of floor space than | last year in the Coliseum for Irrigation Exposition in Chicago next November plan to better display than we did one year ago. We have been reliably informed that the West- we had the Land and to be held and have already begun to and a he - make a higher lern fruit growers are going to make a great effort to rezain their lost laurels, especially in the show of icanned goods. If we can only have the hearty co-operation of our peo- ple, which we confidently expect, we have no fear of being outclassed; on the other hand we know we can adé glory and reputation and help in no al “ ak sl 66 A small degree to make our slogan, “/ for Every Forty,” come true. 1 1 greatiy to the stern Michigan Farmer We will continue to attention Home work by supplying live matter to the 116 newspapers of the district, by the publication of our weekly bulletin, by devote specia to our Missionary giving expert instruction in horticul- ture, by personal visits of the Secre- tary and by all other effective means lat our command, We hope shortly to be able to pub- sh an illustrated monthly magazine, devoted entirely to the propaganda TRUSTEESHI P CHARGES A FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLAR FUND Our annual charge for handling is Two Hundred Fifty Dollars. Our previous ads have shown following charges for smaller estates: OR os eines: we gk, 25,000. ....- ..+-$ 25.00 per year 50.00 per year 125.00 per year This charge is in full for investing principal, remitting income, rendering accounts, etc. We realize for the parties interested the greatest income possible consistent with the absolute safety of the principal. Seco E HE MICHIGAN TRUST COMPANY AGENT. TAUSTEE ihe ahh ck haeataneae. ae ue 10 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 of “A Farmer for Every Forty” in Western Michigan. ‘We will do all in our power to encourage co-operation and the forming of local fruit grow- ers’ associations and to assist these associations in making creditable local exhibitions of their products. ‘We have begun collecting suitable photographs from all of the counties in the district from which to make colored slides to be used in connec- tion with an illustrated lecture tour, telling about the advantages of West- ern Michigan through Southern Michigan, Indiana, Ohio and parts of Illinois and Wisconsin, this coming fall and winter. We expect to spend in all approxi- mately $20,000.00 this year in an ad- vertising campaign in the interests of ‘Western Michigan. Every one of the twenty counties in good standing with the Bureau will reap the bene- fits of the cumulative effects of this extensive advertising effort, and will benefit directly by all the work we do. Annual Dues. The annual dues for counties are on the same basis as last year—one- tenth of a mill on the assessed valua- tion, plus $50 entrance fee to those counties which have not yet been ad- mitted. Individuals may join the Bureau on payment of $2, $1 entrance fee and $1 for 1910 dues. The yearly dues afterward will be $1. Many of the counties embraced in the Bureau have made their contri- butions through their boards of supervisors and in others the money is raised by public subscription. Whichever way is adopted it is im- perative that we know at once just what we may depend on, so that we can make our arrangements accord- ingly. We do not think it will be necessary or that it would be digni- fied on our part to resort to begging or solicitation, we will simply call attention to the amount which each county will be required to contribute and leave the matter there. Most of the counties have either paid their contribution for 1910 or have made arrangements to do so, and we feel confident that the few counties which have not made the necessary arrange- ments will do so at once. You will be glad to know that the transportation companies have taken hold of the matter in earnest and so far they ‘have contributed almost $15,000 to the funds of the Bureau, besides paying the railroad fare of the Secretary in Michigan. As an evidence that the leaven is at work, I might mention that up to Tuesday, April 12, ten car loads of trees were shipped into Traverse City. I find that on a conservative estimate almost one million fruit trees have been planted in Western Michigan this spring. ‘What this will mean to the region in increased wealth and enhanced land values, dur- ing the next ten years, it would be difficult to forecast, but that the in- crease will be notable, few will deny. Three thousand five hundred acres of land planted with these trees, the peaches and cherries will be in bear- ing in five years and the apples in ten years. Yields in ten ‘years will average about $200 per acre—$700,000. But, says some one, at this rate of tree planting won’t the fruit raising business soon be overdone? In re- ply to this query we say no, because there 1s only one fri:t helt, the area of which is comparatively small, and even if all the land in this whole helt were in orchards, the products of them would not exceed the deman fo- good fruit and this demand is al- Ways increasing as the population increases. Surplus, if any, can al- ways be used to advantage by can- neries, There is no question in my mind but in the very near future Western Michigan will be the greatest fruit producing region in this country. It row stands pre-eminent so far as quality and flavor are concerned. The fruit canning industry of Western Michigan is growing rapid- ly and in a very few years Michigan brands of canned goods, like he- breakfast foods, will dominate the markets of the country. Western Michigan potatoes are the best and this tuber can be grown in cyesy county in this region. Michigan white beans are at the top for quality and can be grown with profit in every one of the twen. ty counties under the jurisdiction of the Bureau. A new grade of clover seed has been developed from Michigan grown seed, which has. proved itself the best in the world. Clover does weli almost anywhere in our territory. “An acre of good alfalfa produces twice as much digestible nutrimeni as an acre of red clover. It is there fore profitable for our farmers ‘o make every effort to establish alfalfa nelds. This climate is favorable to a:falfa, which can be grown on a var- iety of soils. The most favorable is a gravelly loam with a porous sub- soil. There must of course be drain- age, fertility, lime and inoculation Alfalfa is a lime-loving plant, and if ycu haven’t a limy soil, lime should be applied at the rate of one to twe thousand pounds per acre. Many parts of Emmet county are well adapted to the growing of alfalfa, where two crops, at least, can be har- vested yearly. The coast line of this remarkable section formed by Lake Michigan, ine Straits of Mackinaw and Lake Huron presents more than a thou- sand miles of water front. The wa- ter transportation lines insure favor- able carriage rates. And these great bodies of water exercise a modifying climatic influence upon the whole of this region which is remarkable and which our own people are only be- ginning to fully understand and ap- preciate. This is one of our most valuable assets and we should make the most of it that we can. I have been asked why we lay so much emphasis on horticulture? For this reason: We have found from our advertising, our correspondence and our work generally, that general farming, poultry farming, or dairy farming plus fruit farming is a more attractive proposition to most people than simple farming and while not decrying the other kinds of farming we talk most of that which will, in our opinion, accomplish the best re- sults for this region in the least time, and thus the more quickly set- tle our vacant lands, which, I need hardly add, will mean more taxable property, more taxpayers, less tax per capita, more and better schools, more churches, more miles of good road, and better and pleasanter social rela- tions and life far more worth the liv- ing. The Bureau is deeply interested in the question of education and we are anxious to do what we can to “build up the country in its children.” We would like to see a system of educa- tion established which correlates edu- cation with agriculture from the pri- mary school in the country district to the college. Believing, as we do, with Dr. Robertson, of Canada, that the three fundamental occupations are farming, homemaking and teach- ing, we would like to see our educat- ors build on these a more compre- hensive and efficient scheme for rural improvement. First, by practical illustrations of how the occupation in each locality may be made more attractive, profit- able and satisfying to those engaged in farming and horticulture. Second, by such.an adjustment of schools and of training that the chil- dren will be attracted to rural occu- pations and will be qualified to be successful in them, We believe that manual training is the vehicle by which agriculture and education are to be brought to- gether and our influence will al- ways be asserted to this end. In order to obtain the best and most lasting results, jealousy must be eliminated and we must all work together for the greatest good to the greatest number, remembering always that it is impossible to help along the other fellow without be- ing benefited ourselves. John I. Gibson. -—_-__ Paid the Penalty of Neglect. Adrian, May 3—Peter Tumbleton brought some apples to sell us, pack- ed in filthy old grain sacks that had been used for middlings and for soft coal and had lain under horses. We did not want them at any price, but to get rid of him we allowed him three plugs of tobacco for them. The same ‘day we paid farmers living in the same neighborhood $1 a bushel for good, clean, sorted apples. Retail Grocer. —_——_?<@__— Frederick Weyerhauser, the multi- millionaire lumber king, was in Los Angeles, Cal., a few days since and he gave the reporters some rules for making a fortune: “Every man,” he said, “should marry young, mind his own business and save his money. He'll get along all right then. Live within your means, if you’ve got to eat pork and beans. If a young man is all right he gets along; if not he can’t. There is plenty to do for all ct them. A good wife is the best asset in the world.” ——_-2o2-2>______ The right road often leads to the left, although the wrong road never leads to the right. What Other Michigan Cities Are Do- ing. Written for the Tradesman. Detroit is making preparation for an Industrial Exposition. Pontiac has organized a Commer- cial Club and and at the first meet- ing forty-nine members were secur- ed. About $3,000 has already been subscribed to a fund to be used for promoting the city’s welfare. Citizens of Ionia held a mass meet- ing last week and adopted a resolu- tion endorsing the plan of a bond issue by the city of $50,000 for secur- ing new industries. In discussing the change that has been brought about in Jackson in- dustrially within the past two years the Patriot of that city says: “What brought it about? Organization. The traveling men came to the front and told Jackson people that in all their journeys they ‘made’ no town with greater advantages that took so little thought of them. They brought Mr. Musselman, of Grand Rapids, to town and he said there was no really good reason why Grand_ Rapids should have four times the population of Jackson except Jackson men them- selves. He told Jackson men that they cculd distribute their products to bet- ter advantage than any other Michi- gan city if they would but wake up. Others talked the same way. Then some of the younger business mer decided that the time to wait for the oider men to do something had pass- ed and the Chamber of Commerce was born. Since then effort has been organized and the progressive forces have swept aside the fellows who had got so accustomed to standing still that they could not move.” Owosso is hoping to get three new depot buildings this year, namely, Grand Trunk, Michigan Central and a new building at the junction. The State Railroad Commission and rail- road officials met with members of the Owosso Improvement Associa- tion last Friday. The motor ‘bus. service between Hancock and Houghton, instituted Izst season, was not a paying ven- ture and will not be continued this summer. Benton Harbor insists that Berrien county is not “frozen stiff’ and the Boosters’ Club will get busy and put out some literature letting the world know that Southwestern Michigan will have a fair fruit crop at least. As the News-Palladium of that city well suggests: “The ‘sobbers’ object to a newspaper printing any bad news, but what do they do to make known the good news themselves? We ought to let the world know that we are still living and not frozen out completely. Let’s be up and at it right now.” Almond Griffen. ——_~+---—____. There is nothing that grows tire- some so quickly as a life that is a constant round of pleasure. Even honey soon palls upon the palate. The honest enjoyment to which we look forward through days and per- haps weeks of labor is what sweet- ens life and makes us happy and con- tented. 22-2. A left-handed man may be a right- minded one all the same. ie mes = = epee a tines + 2M: ltl et tO sant Ay: mama 5 a a i me 3: lament ome ab — _ ee a = merce i ——— 12 el ene + reall, May 4, 1910 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN Now, Mother, Listen--- The high prices of all foodstuffs nowadays make it almost necessary to ‘‘cut out” many of the fancy package goods and stick to the ‘old reliables.” When you buy flour you do not have to pay for an expensive package or fancy trimmings, and flour is sold just as near the cost of the wheat plus the bare cost of manufacture as the millers can sell it and pay their bills. This is poor business on the part of the millers, we admit, but it works in favor of the ultimate consumer. There are a great many ways in which flour can be used and many fine recipes are probably lying unused in your cook book. May we not suggest that you get the cook book and look it over and see if you can not use more ily White Flour “The Flour the Best Cooks Use” And thereby save expensive meat bills, improve the family health and please the children? : Have you made any ‘‘hermits” lately, or any waffles, or gingersnaps, or friedcakes, or muffins, or popovers, or coffeecake, or gingerbread, or cookies? There are many good suggestions in the cook book which spell economy, healthfulness and wholesomeness. And remember, Mother, Lily White is ‘‘the flour the best cooks use.” Valley City Milling Company Grand Rapids, Mich. This is a reproduction of one of the advertisements appearing in the daily papers, all of which help the retailer to sell Lily White Flour. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 ( eeeee ede, Al Ss NG WAU 4 ADULTERATED BUTTER. Ciear Exposition of the Subject by Judge Knappen. New York May 2—I was. very greatly interested in the decision of the United States Court of Appeals, Sixth District, in the case of the Coopersville Creamery Company vs. Samuel M. Lemon, published in the Michigan Tradesman of April 20. I do not think anything has ever provoked the discussion in creamery butter circles that this publication has and, as Judge Lurton frequently quot- ed Judge Knappen’s charge to the jury, delivered when the case was criginally tried in the United States Court at Grand Rapids—and as this charge appears to be the basis on which the whole subject hangs—I am wondering if you would be willing to reproduce the charge in the columns of the Michigan Tradesman for the benefit of those of us who overlook- ed it at the time it originally appear- ed, because we did not then realize hom important it was to the cream- ery butter industry and that the fu- ture of our business depended on the conclusions of Judge Knappen, pro- viding they were subsequently — sus- tained by the court of last resort, as happened to be the case. In behalf of the creamery butter handlers of New York and elsewhere -—who can not be too well posted on a subject of such vital interest to their business—I am going to ask you to kindly republish the Knappen charge in a future edition of the Tradesman, assuring you that, in the light of what has since happened and the conclusion we have all reached that the way of the transgressor is hard, it will be a favor that will be appreciated and, if possible, recipro- cated by every creamery butter man- utacturer and handler in the United States. Butter Jobber. The Tradesman would find it ex- tremely difficult to refuse to comply with such a request, put so pleasant- ly and argumentatively, and therefore gives place to the full text of Judge Knappen’s charge in the case in ques- tion, as follows: A statute of the United States pro- vides, so far as that statute is ma- terial to this case, that any butter shall be deemed to be adulterated, within the meaning of the statute, in the manufacture or manipulation of which any process or material is used with intent or effect of causing the absorption of abnormal quantities of water. Another statute provides that, for the purpose of this act, the word “butter” shall be understood to mean the food product usually known as butter and which is made exclusively from milk or cream or both, with or without salt, and with or without ad- ditional coloring matter. This later act contains the provision against adulteration which I have just read, which makes it an adulteration of butter to employ any process or any material with intent or effect of caus- ing the absorption of abnormal quan- tities of water. In this case there is no claim that any material has been used and it is not necessary to consider whether there has been any intent to produce ar abnormal quantity of water, but the case here is to be confined to the question whether the butter in ques- tion was adulterated by the employ- ment of any process as the result of which an abnormal quantity of water was left in the butter. Another section of the statute pro- vides that one engaged in the 'business of manufacturing adulterat- ed butter shall pay a tax of $600 a year, that is, $50 a month, and that, lif the tax is not paid in advance but |is assessed afterwards, after the fact lis ascertained by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, there is added |a 50 per cent. penalty. | Another section of the statute pro- adulterated butter any ivides that must ray a tax of Io cents per pound. Now, tkis statute is not only a Revenue Statute, one of the means by which the Government of the United States obtains its revenue for the carrying on of its business, but it is also a beneficent statute, one enacted for the benefit of the consumer of butter. It is intended to prevent placing upon the market any butter which, by any process, is made to contain an ab- normal amount of water, and the apparent object of this statute in put- ting so large a tax as Io cents a pound is to prohibit putting out that class of butter. So you will see that one oi its objects is the protection of the buying public. This case comes up in this way: The internal revenue authorities made scme examination of certain tubs of butter manufactured by the Coopers- ville Co-operative Creamery Com- pany. At Coopersville, as you will remember from the testimony, there were in the car examined two hun- dred and two tubs estimated as weigh- ing approximately sixty pounds per tub and at Philaedelphia in the shipment from the Creamery Com- pany to Isaac W. Davis & Company one hundred forty tubs at the same approximate net weight. And the Commissioner of Internal Revenué, finding that that butter was made in May and June, assessed against the piaintiff company $100 tax for being in that business for the months of SNARIGN YOUR Our Slogan, ‘Quality Tells’’ Grand Rapids Broom Company Grand Rapids, Michigan Ground Feeds DM MISSION EXCLUSIVEL New and Second Hand None Better WYKES & CoO. @RAND RAPIDS BAGS For Beans, Potatoes Grain, Flour, Feed and Other Purposes POO ROY BAKER Wm. Alden Smith Building Grand Rapids, Mich. Mail orders to W.F. McLAUGHLIN & CO, Chicago C. D. CRITTENDEN CO. 41-43 S. Market St. Grand Rapids, Mich. Wholesalers of Butter, Eggs, Fruits and Specialties W. C. Rea REA & WITZIG A. J. Witzig PRODUCE COMMISSION 104-106 West Market St., Buffalo, N. Y. ‘‘Buffalo Means Business’’ We want your shipments of poultry, both live and dressed. Heavy demand at high prices for choice fowls, chickens, ducks and turkeys, and we can get highest prices. Consignments of fresh eggs and dairy butter wanted at all times. REFERENCES~—Merine National Bank, Commercial Agents, Express Companies, Trade Papers and Hundreds of Shippers. Established 1873 SEEDS-==="° ready—fill your orders—all kinds clover and grass seeds. EGGS===wi be in market daily for fresh eggs. Wholesale Dealers and Shippers Beans, Seeds and Potatoes Moseley Bros. Office and Warehouse Second Ave. and Railroad Both Phones 1217 Grand Rapids, Mich. Use Our BUG COTIPOUND | on your shrubs, vines and plants. Will keep the lice off your rose bushes and kill potato bugs. Furnished in barrels or 80 1b. paper bags. Our LAND PLASTER : willimprove your clover and grass. Put up in 1001b. paper bags or sold in bulk ecarload lots or less, Address GYPSUM PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING COMPANY Manufacturers and dealers in Eclipse Hard Wall Plaster, Woodtibre Plaster, Calcined Plaster, Land Plaster and Bug Compound. Works 200 So. Front St. Office 44 Powers Theatre Bidg. Grand Rapids, Mich. The Vinkemulder Company Jobbers and Shippers of Everything in FRUITS AND PRODUCE Grand Rapids, Mich. - i - - Ey, — ‘4 we (_ | ~ - it a { ge el te ~ ae i = ~v j > : 4 _ v { 5 PL t< * mw ® May 4, 1910 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 13 May and June —$s50 a month—adding 50 per cent. penalty to it for its not having paid in advance and not pay- ing until it was found out and assess- ed against the company, and then as- sessed I0 cents a pound upon the amount of butter arrived at in this way; it is claimed by the inspectors and analysts of the Government that out of the butter sampled or. tested at Coopersville four out of the five samples had a water content in ex- cess of 16 per cent., and, therefore, four-fifths of the amount in the car was so regarded as adulterated but- ter within the meaning of the statute. And at Philadelphia three out of the five samples were found to contain more than 16 per cent. of water, and so three-fifths of the amount of the shipment—the June shipment from the plaintiff company to Isaac W. Davis & Company—was regarded as adulterated and taxed accordingly. So that there was taxed Io cents per pound on one thousand four hundred and seventy pounds, and adding $150, made $1,620. Now, as a matter of fact the mathematics are a little wrong. It would have amounted to $3.60 more than that, as the court fig- ures it, but that does not make any difference. That all that was bald _S1_.620. This tax was paid under protest, that is to say, the plaintiff company claimed that it was not liable for the payment of the tax, and made a writ- ten protest objecting to its liability for the tax and has brought this suit to recover. The statute provides cer- tain steps as necessary in order to begin suit for the recovery of an internal revenue tax paid as this one was paid, by way of presenting the claim to the Commissioner of Inter- nal Revenue for the payment, etc., and it is ultimately followed by a suit against the Collector, which has been done in this case. The formal steps taken have been proper enough to give jurisdiction to the court to try the case, and the suit, while against Mr. Lemon as the Collector of this District, in effect becomes a_ suit against the Government, because the United States under the law will be obliged to pay whatever judgment is ultimately found against Mr. Lemon, if any such is found. was Now, as has already been said, this tax 1s assessed under revenue laws and it is presumptively properly as- sessed. That must be the rule and government would be safe in its re- enue, in the collections of its rev- eriues. This tax is presumed, in the absence of any showing to the con- trary, to have been rightfully assess- ed, and the burden is upon the plain- tiff of showing that the tax was wrongfully assessed; in other words, that the plaintiff was not liable for the payment of the tax and should not have been made to pay it, and unless the plaintiff maintains that proposi- tion by a preponderance of the evi- dence it is not entitled to recover. Now, you will notice that there has been a great deal of discussion throughout the case as to the mean- ing of certain terms. Among _ the terms in question is the word “ab- sorption,” and it has been contended that that word must apply only to the the Commissioner of Internal water taken into the butter by the chemical process of absorption as dis- tinguished from incorporation. It has appeared by the testimony of one of the witnesses that less than % of 1 per cent. of water can be taken in by what is chemically called absorp- tion. That is not the only definition of-the word absorb. A very proper definition, as given by the dictiona- ries—the standard dictionaries—is to “draw in as a constituent part.” It is would have passed a statute against adulteration where less than % of 1 per cent. of water could have been absorbed and treated as absorption in a chemical sense, and you are in- structed as the law of this case that it is the intent of this statute to make adulterated butter, which by any process is made to ¢ontain an ab- normal amount of water, whether that is obtained by what is called chemi- cal absorption or by incorporation of any other method of that kind; if, by the process of making that butter, there is left in it more than a normal amount of water, it is adulterated within the meaning of the statute. ‘ ? Then the expression “any process’ used. Now, that does not mean nec- essarily that there has to be some special fraudulent process of making the butter, but if the process of mak- ing, whether by too little washing or too much washing, or too little churn- ing or too much churning, or what- ever it is that has the effect of leav- ing an abnormal quantity of water in the butter, it is within the statute and within the prohibition of the statute. And, again, as to the intent: In this case it is not material what the intent of the Coopersville Co-opera- tive Creamery Company was, wheth- er the Coopersville Co-operative Creamery Company intended to have an undue amount of water left in its butter; if the process as employed did have that effect the company was just as much liable for that tax as if it did it intentionally, because it is the object of the law to prevent that thing being done. Now, as to the term “abnormal.” There has been a great deal of dis- cussion about that. That term is scmetimes defined as “not conform- ing to rule;”’ as “deviating from a standard;” as “contrary to a system or law.” So in this case if there was am amount of water in this butter which did not conform to rule, which deviated from the proper standard for such butter and which was contrary to established system, a recognized system, or to law, it was an abnormal quantity of water and was thus adul- terated. A question has arisen which is im- portant in this case as to the stand- ard of water content. You will no- tice that the statute does not say what percentage of water or what tests shall be used for determining what is an abnormal quantity of water and it is the theory of the plaintiff here that there is no such thing as a standard and that, if the butter is made in a certain way, it will not be adulterated, no matter how much wa- ter there may be in it. That seems to be the theory. It has been shown in evidence that Rev- Hart Brand Ganned Goods Packed by W. R. Roach & Co., Hart, Mich. Michigan People Want Michigan Products H. LEONARD & SONS Wholesalers and Manufacturers’ Agents Crockery, Glassware, China Gasoline Stoves, Refrigerators Fancy Goods and Toys GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN A Good Investmen: PEANUT ROASTERS and CORN POPPERS. Great Variety, $8.50 to $350.04 EASY TERMS. Catalog Free. KINGERY MFG, CO.,106-108 E, Pearl St.,Cincinnatt,O Country Newspaper For Sale Only one in a thriving Western Michigan town Owner selling on account of ill health. Is paying a good profit and can be made to pay more. Write at once for particulars. Grand Rapids Electrotype Co. Grand Rapids, Mich. THE NEW FLAVOR MAPLEINE Better | Than Maple The Crescent Mfg. Co., | Seattle, Wash. eScEy Pt “a Raat Hot Graham Muffins A delicious morsel that confers an | added charm to any meal. In them are | combined the exquisite lightness and | flavor demanded by the epicurean and | the productive tissue building qualities so necessary to the worker. | | | Wizard Graham Flour | { There is something delightfully re- freshing about Graham Muffins or Gems | —light, brown and fiaky—just as pala- | table as they look. If you have a long- ing for something different for break- fast, luncheon or dinner, try “Wizard” Graham Gems, Muffins, Puffs, Waffles i or Biscuits. AT ALL GROCERS. Wizard Graham is Made by | Grand Rapids Grain & Milling Co. @. L. Fred Peabody, Mgr. Grand Rapids, Michigan | Lesser quantitied.................. Post Toasties Any time, anywhere, a delightful food— “‘The Taste Lingers.’’ Postum Cereal Co., Ltd. Battie Creek, Mich. The Diamond Match Company PRICE LIST BIRD’S-EYE. Safety Heads. Protected Tips. 5 size —5 boxes in package, 20 packages incase, per C266 20 ox Wits... 8 ee. $3.35 Lesser quantities. ...... . eis «30. eee BLACK DIASIOND. 5 size—5 boxesin package, 20 packages in case, per €use¢ 20 gr. lots... 6s... <.......,...., aan edser gudntiiies |g. 6c $3.50 BULL’S-EYE. 1 size—10 boxes in package, 36 packages (360 boxes) in 254 gr. Case, per case 20 gr. lot.......... $2.35 Eesser quantities .2...-..55.....4.....1.0 $2.50 SWIFT & COURTNEY. 5 size—Black and white heads, double dip, 12 boxes in package, 12 packages (144 boxes) in 5 gross Cage, per Case 20 or. Keils «5... age, $3.75 Lesser quantities........ << . € “< & é + ™ & ’ ~e ~ ¢ fi ? & ’ % ¢ o “8 4 “7 “=e * «< ~~ ee & et e ae ~~ oo ~ + < _ eo - - May 4, 1910 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 17 The Largest Overall Plant in America Where They Are Made Write for Booklet Secure Exclusive Agency Made tofit Will not rip Fincks Detroit Special Overalls WEAR LIKE A PIGS NOSE GS 18 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 BANKING CREDITS. How They Are Determined by the Management.* Credits are the banker’s one great problem. #\ merchant may suffer loss because of not being a close buyer. Poor selections of styles and qualities of goods, or paying too much to man- ufacturer or importer, may bring grief in advance of the problem of credits. The manufacturer has to do with the costs of labor and material, with fixed charges, overhead expense, etc. These are problems of prime im- portance, the solution of which ually makes or unmakes a mercantile cr manufacturing business, indepen- dent of the hazard of credits, at least in ordinary times. But, stated, the banker's great problem is credits. In credits he trades and makes or loses money, just as he is able to judge of the char- acter and resources of those to whom lie makes loans. His gross profit is small, 6 per cent. per annum, and out of this must come the interest paid to depositors and the costs of doing business as well. The gross income cn a business of a million dollars a year is $60,000 or less, and out of this must be paid all the costs of doing business, including interest at 2@3% per cent. per annum on the greater portion of the deposits in any bank. No merchant or manufacturer could do business on so small a margin, and bankers are able to do it only be- cause of efficiency in handling credits. Credits with which bankers deal may be divided into two classes—se- cured credits and unsecured credits. Secured credits are based primarily cn the market value of the security, whereas unsecured or commercial credits are based largely on confi- dence in the borrowers’ honesty and ability to pay. Generally speaking, stocks of manufacturing and mercan- tile corporations are not satisfactory as collateral. Dividend paying and listed railroad stocks, although infre- quently offered in this community, are generally acceptable as_ satisfac- tory collateral. First mortgage bonds are usually given first preference as collateral to loans, and actual investment in such bends or in real estate mortgages are also classed as secured credits. ts- as one An unsecured credit in a bank us- ually means a note. Notes may be single-name paper or endorsed pa- per. Endorsed paper is to be pre- ferred over single-name paper, and it is quite customary for the presi- dent or general manager and one or more of his associate directors and stockholders to endorse the paper of the corporation. Unsecured credits in the form of commercial paper are now bought and sold by brokers in New York, Chicago and other cities, the same as bonds and stocks have been bought and sold for many years past. Firms who buy commercial paper outright, end afterward sell it to their clients, must be strong, financially, and their officers become experts in passing upon credits. The mercantile or manufacturing concern that would *Paper read by Eugene D. Conger, Cashier Peoples Savings Bank. at monthly banquet of the Grand Rapids Credit Mens’ Association. sell its notes through such a broker must furnish a satisfactory financial statement, and usually an audit of its books by an accountant of establish- ed reputation. Some of the banks of this city handle a considerable quan- tity of this outside commercial pa- per, and there are a number of firms doing business in Grand Rapids who at times sell their notes through these brokers. A feature of this class of loans, to which | would call attention, is that the notes must be paid at maturity. The borrower at a local bank usually expects to renew his note at maturi- ty, handing in a new note, for the face of the old one, and a check for the interest. This custom is not in vogue with the commercial paper that is handled through brokers. Whena banker buys commercial paper from a broker, the banker, the broker and the maker of the note expect that the note will be paid when due. After that note has been paid the banke1 may purchase another note of the same maker, but the transaction is a new one and not a renewal of the old note. This feature of commercial paper, and the fact that the banks of Grand Rapids were carrying a considerable quantity of it in the fall of 1907, help- ed out this community very matedial- ly in that time of financial stress. A banking institution which ordinarily carries $100,000 to $200,000 of credits of this character is continually tak- ing on new paper, as the notes it has are paid. When the trouble came the banks entirely stopped. buying paper and waited for the notes they held to run off and be paid. The funds thus obtained were used to meet with- drawals of deposits, and local bor- rowers were not pressed for pay- ment as they otherwise would have been. Something like 90 to 95 per cent. of all the commercial paper of this character in the banks of this city at that time was promptly paid ar maturity in spite of the panic. In a few cases there was some delay, but in the end very little loss. Tt is not every firm that is strong enough financially to obtain loans through brokers. I have selected from the files of the Peoples Savings Bank a few statements which are remarka- ble principally because of their being strong ones: Statement No. 1. This is a statement of a manufac- turing concern located in New York City. It is dated Aug. 1, 1907. The cash, bills and accounts receivable and merchandise aggregate $2,195,000, against bills and accounts payable of $417,000, a ratio of practically five to one. Statement No. 2, Here is a statement of the same concern dated January 31, 1908, five months later. The liquid assets have increased about $600,000. Its bills and accounts payable are $737,000, an increase of $310,000. The ratio of li- quid assets to current liabilities is now about four to one. In some re- spects this statement is not as good as the previous one, but either is good enough. The Peoples Savings Bank purchased one of this company’s notes, which was paid at maturity. TRAGE and Quickly. how YOUR DELAYED FREIGHT Easily BARLOW BROS., Grand Rapids, Mich GRAND RAPIDS INSURANCE AGENCY THE McBAIN AGENCY Grand Rapids, Mich. FIRE We can tell you The Leading Agency +Mnite\ tz LONG DISTANCE SERVICE MICHIGAN STATE TELEPHONE CO. General Investment Co. Stocks, Bonds, Real Estate and Loans Citz. 5275. 225-6 Houseman Bldg. GRAND RAPIDS City, County, Ground Floor Ot Michigan Gra Child, Hulswit & Company BANKERS Municipal and Corporation Bonds Long Distance Telephones: Citizens 4367 (REARS O EMO NITE ELE entree aC: Kent State Bank Grand Rapids, Mich. $500,000 180,000 Capital - - - Surplus and Profits —- Township, School Deposits and Irrigation Issues 54 Million Dollars Special Department HENRY 10EMA 8 - - | Bhealaens Dealing in Bank Stocks and J. A.COVODE - - _ Vice President Industrial Securities of Western J.A.S.VERDIER -— - - Cashier Michigan. 342% Paid on Certificates Bell Main 424 tawa Street Entrance Trust Building nd Rapids You can do your banking business with us easily by mail. interested. Write us about it if We Make a Specialty of Accounts of Banks and Bankers The Grand Rapids National Bank CHAS. S. HAZELTINE, Vv. Pres, JOHN E. PECK, V. Pres. Chas. H. Bender Samuel S. Corl Claude Hamilton Chas. S. Hazeitine Wm. G. Herpolsheimer Corner Monroe and Ottawa Sts. DUDLEY E WATERS, Pres. and Cashier JOHN L. BENJAMIN, Asst. Cashier A. T. SLAGHT, Asst. Cashier DIRECTORS Geo. H. Long John Mowat J. B. Pantlind Chas. R. Sligh Justus S. Stearns Dudley E. Waters John E. Peck Wm. Widdicomb Chas. A. Phelps Wm. S. Winegar We Solicit Accounts of Banks and Individuals Capital $800,000 Are better than Government Bonds, because they are just as safe and give you Surplus $500,000 N21 CANAL STREET Our Savings Certificates a larger interest return. 3% % if left one year. On Your Capital, Surplus and Profits $812,000 THE NATIONAL CITY BANK GRAND RAPIDS WE CAN PAY YOU 3% to 34% Surplus or Trust Funds If They Remain 3 Months or Longer 49 Years of Business Success All Business Confidential Sd wth May 4, 1910 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN 1 This was two years ago and I am in- formed that this concern does not berrow at all now. Statement No. 3. This is a statement of a company located quite a from Grand Rapids. It is a very ac- ceptable statement. Its liquid assets aggregate $325,000, and its bills paya- ble and accounts payable, $144,000. The ratio is better than two to one. A favorable point in this statement is the large amount of cash on hand, $56,000. This cash would pay 4o per cent. of its current liabilities without any delay whatever. The net gain for the year ending July 31, 1909, is shown and $59,063 indicates a profita- ble business. Statement No. 4. Here is the statement of a grocery company also located quite a dis- tunce from Grand Rapids. Its total assets of $1,610,000 are _ practically four times its current liabilities of $415,000. Its liquid assets, $1,241,000, are three times the amount of its cur- rent liabilities. This statement would be well regarded by any credit man, I think, and the character of the busi- ness is a factor in the borrower’s fav- or also. In times of panic or finan- cial stress people may stop buying dry goods or clothing for a_ short time, and luxuries for a year or more, but, whether times are good or bad, everybody must eat, and the easiest stock in the world, therefore, to real- ize upon is a stock of groceries. The character of the assets of a borrower should always be given careful con- sideration. milling distance Statement No. 5. Here is a statement that on its face is entitled to the highest credit, but which would not be acceptable to many conservative bankers. The cash on hand, $157,000, is sufficient to pay more than one-half of its bills and ac- counts payable, $310,000. The ratio of liquid assets to current liabilities is better than five to one. Why, then, would I decline to buy a note of this company? Because in this statement there is a suggestion that only a part of the story has been told. The last line of resources reads, “Stocks of other corporations, $1,421,000.”’ What are these other corporations? Are they constituent companies and is this a parent company? If so, what is the connection between them and how is the business handled? Has this com- pany a contingent liability in the way of endorsements of the notes of these other corporations in which stock is owned? The large amount of bills and accounts receivable suggests that bor- rowing should not be necessary if col- lections are properly made. About six months ago a representative of a broker asked me why I declined to take the note of a certain corpora- tion, making a statement similar to this one. In substance my reply was: “Lack of information as to contin- gent liabilities.” He seemed to think no contingent liabilities existed and offered to get a statement to that ef- fect. I said to him that on the firm’s statement that no contingent liability existed, or on a statement of the amount of such liability, if it is not excessive, we would take the paper. Later I was advised by mail that the concern preferred not to make a statement as to its contingent liabili- ties and we did not buy the note. Statement No. 6. Here is a statement of a similar concern in which the comparison be- tween liquid assets and liabilities is not so favorable. However, most credit men would regard this as an acceptable statement and would loan upon it. Why would I prefer to loan en this statement in preference to the other? Because information as to contingent liabilities is furnished and the amount, $670,000, is not ex- cessive. Increases in surplus are al- so furnished and the showing is sat- isfactory, a gain of $900,000 in three years, Within the past ten years nearly all of the large and well-organized banks cf the country have developed what are known as_ credit departments. These departments are wonderful in their organization and the informa- tion collected is most comprehensive in character. The credit departments of these banks want to know things, and to that end ask questions which would have been considered imper- tinent a decade ago. All of the things formerly carried in the heads of the president or cashier, even although personal in their nature, are now fre- duced to black and white and may be found in the files of credit depart- ments. The questions to be answered in the blank forms furnished by our local banks are quite searching, but they are mild and general in charac- ter compared with the information to be found on file in the credit depart- ments of banks in the larger cities. In addition to the information furnished, the answering of these questions in writing has an effect upon the bor- rower that is very beneficial. A bor- rower in making a verbal statement ot his assets often misleads not the banker alone but himself as well. Take the case of a retailer who says he has a stock worth $12,000. When he comes to fill out one of these statements he finds in paren- theses after the word “merchandise,” “How valued?” He then realizes, pos- sibly for the first time, that he was thinking of the retail price and not of the cost price of his stock, which was really $8,000 or less. One of the results of making these statements and of the existence of credit de- partments in banks has been a rais- ing of the standard of business and, I think, of the average character of business men. Borrowers who make correct answers each year to. the questions put to them by banks are sure to be men of better business character and will conduct their busi- ness and themselves in a more orderly and conservative manner than _ per- haps they otherwise would. In making a new loan the banker usually sizes up the prospective bor- rower from three viewpoints: What is his ability, his integrity and his prop- erty? Commercial loans made through brokers are made principally on the property of the borrower, his ability to pay as evidenced by his assets and particularly those assets readily con- vertible into money or its equivalent. But the small retailer, jobber, manu- facturer or the young man just start- “MORGAN” Trade Mark. Registered. Sweet Juice Hard Cider Boiled Cider and Vinegar See Grocery Price Current John C. Morgan Co. Traverse City, Mich. Columbia Batteries, Spark Plugs Gas Engine Accessories and Electrical Toys C. J. LITSCHER ELECTRIC CO. Grand Rapids, Mich. BUICKS LEAD CARS $1,000 AND UP BUICK MOTOR COMPANY Louis and Ottawa Sts. Grand Rapids Branch Awnings Our specialty is Awnings for Stores and Residences. We make common pull-up, chain and cog-gear roller awnings. Tents, Horse, Wagon, Machine and Stack Covers. Catalogue on Application. CHAS. A. COYE, INC., 11 Pearl St., Grand Rapids, Mich. THE BEST You Want the Best Peacock Brand Leaf Lard and Special Mild-Cured Hams and Bacon Are the Best The Lard being absolutely Pure Leaf The Hams and Bacon are from mild- cured by the ‘‘Peacock’’ process; dairy-fed selected pigs, given a light smoke, they be- come the most delicious morsel to the palate. For sale only by the leading dealers. MOTOR DELIVERY Catalog 182 THE 1910 FRANKLIN GARD Are More Beautiful, Simple and Sensible than Ever Before AirCooled, Light Weig ht, Easy Riding Auburn, Ind. Model H. Franklin, 6 Cylinders, 42 H. P. 7 Passengers, $3750.00 Other Models $1750.00 to $5000.00 The record of achievement of Franklin Motor cars for 1909 covers no less than a score of the most important reliability, endurance, economy and efficiency tests of the 1909 season. List of these winnings will be mailed on request. The 1910 season has begun with a new world’s record for the Franklin; this was established by Model G. (the $1850.00 car) at Buffalo, N. Y., inthe one gallon mileage contest, held by the Automobile Club of Buffalo. Among 20 contestants it went 46 1-10 miles on one gallon of gasoline and outdid its nearest competitor by 50 per cent. If you want economy—comfort— simplicity—freedom from all water troubles—light weight and light tire expense—look into the Franklin. Catalogue on request. ADAMS & HART West Michigan Distributors 47.49 No. Division St. Terpeneless FOOTE & JENKS’ COLLEMAN’S Lemon and Vanilla Write for our ‘‘Promotionr Offer’’ that combats “Factory to Family” schemes. Insist on getting Coleman’s Extracts from your jobbing grocer, or mail order direct to FOOTE & JENKS, Jackson, Mich. (BRAND) High Class Tanglefoot The Original Fly Paper For 25 years the Standard in Quality All Others Are Imitations 20 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 ing in business usually needs larger loans than would be represented by one-half or one-third of his quick as- sets. It is here that the intimate re- lations between the local banker and his customer are established and maintained. When talking with a prospective borrower and considering his ability the alert banker asks and answers to himself questions like these: What is this man’s age? Is he in good health? What is his educa- tion? What his business experience? And in passing upon his integrity he asks and answers to himself: What is this man’s reputation? What is his business honor and his social honor? What is his personal deportment? What the character of his associates? The answer to all o fthese questions being favorable a larger line of credit niay be given than would be warrant- ed by the borrower’s financial state- ment, considered alone. As a matter of fact, there is not, and I doubt if there ever can be, or should be, any hard and fast rule by which unsecur- ed credits should be granted. J.B. Forgan, President of the First Na- tional Bank of Chicago, is generally recognized as one of the ablest bank- ers in our country. In an address be- fore the Michigan annual convention of the 3ankers’ Association, held in Petoskey last July, Mr. Forgan ex- pressed the opinion that a bank ex- aminer who thinks he can go into a bank and measure its credits with a tape measure or yard stick or any comptroller of the currency who thinks he can measure the strength of a bank by figures or mathematics or science of any kind will find in the end that he has made a big mistake. I shall remember Mr. for a long time because I believe he spoke the truth and because I believe what he said is equally applicable to the granting of credits. The success- ful credit man, in my opinion, in ad- Forgan’s words cition to being able to analyze a finan- cial statement, must possess not only good judgment and common sense, or horse sense if you please, but a sort of sixth sense. He must be able to read character and many times de- termine quickly and decisively wheth- cr a should or should not be made without much apparent reason. IT doubt if there is a here to- night 30 years of age and happily married who has not as much or more faith in the intuition of his wife, on some subjects, than he has in his own judgment. loan man A woman will hear aman talk five minutes, sometimes not more than one minute, and in her mind it is clearly settled whether that man is honest or dishonest, whether he is sincere or insincere in what he said. And nine times out of ten she is right in her opinion. Many successful cred- is men, bankers and others exercise this same faculty to a large degree in extending credits, although perhaps unconscious of being so guided in their decisions. A credit man to be successful must have the “credit sense.” A banker to be successful in making loans must have the “bank- ing sense.” The statement furnished by the borrower and the details of your conversation with him should be summed up finally into two ques- tions: “Will this man make good?” “Is this a loan I should make?” If you feel that the loan is a loan that should be made then make it, but if you have any misgivings about it do not make it. Unique “Tin City” in East Africa. Nairobi, the “Tin City,” is a rail- way town in the British East African protectorate, wherein may be seen Street after street of houses each built entirely of sheets of galvanized iron, put up in Lexdon and then knocked down and shipped to Africa. Nairobi is a “fiat” town—that is, it was made a few years ago by gov- ernmental decree. Sir George White- house, chief engineer of the Uganda railroad, was the man responsible for it. While out with his construction party in the field he camped one night on a great plain beside Nairobi Creek. This region seemed to the engineer a plateau useful for his purpose—well drained and healthful; and he decided that it should be the headquarters of the railway, where there should be built the shops and houses of the workmen. His assistants demurred at the lo- cation. To them it dreary waste, and they accordingly urged the chief engineer to set up his tents in the hills; but to this he replied that the hills would do for the offi- cers’ villas and bungalows, but that the plain would do better for the city and that there it should stand. And there, in fact, it does stand, as odd a sight as Africa can show. The railway company shipped in the houses for its employes and they were set up in orthodox right angled fash- ion. Two Christian churches, two mosques and a Hindu temple are among the buildings and there were in the town at last accounts over 5,000 people. It is more than 300 miles from Mombasa, the point from which Col. Roosevelt set out for his hunting expedition in the jungle. The Editor’s Paradise. A Kalamazoo editor died and was, of course, directed to ascend to the Abode of the Just. But during the ascent the editor’s journalistic curios- ity asserted itself and he said: “Is it permitted for one to have a look at—er—the other place?” “Certainly,” was the gracious re- ply, and accordingly a descent to the other place was made. Here the edi- tor found much to interest him. He scurried about and was soon lost to view. His angelic escort got worried at last and began a systematic search for his charge. He found him at last seated before a furnace, fanning himself and gazing at the people in the fire. On the floor of the furnace was a plate, saying: “Delinquent Sub- scribers.” “Come,” said the angel to the edi- tor, “we must be going?” “You go on,” the editor answered, without lifting his eyes. “I’m not coming. This is heaven enough for me.” Was a Not Much of Either. Mr. Mann (at musical comedy)— Not much plot to this affair, Mary. Mrs. Mann (icily)—But the plot harmonizes beautifully with the cos- tumes! Jennings’ Flavoring Extracts Terpeneless Lemon Mexican Vanilla Guaranteed by Jennings Flavor- ing Extract Co. under the Food and Drug Act June 30, Serial No. 6588. i ey MRED Fi iver te teeecr | WANILLA BEANS. | FLavoRIME®At ac fae marres me. ED JAMNG ». See Price Current deanings Extracts ' teh mance - e 1906, Case of Quality Scientifically and substan- tially recommend to those de- and | siring an nice case. with Grand Rapids Show Case Co, Grand Rapids, Mich. The Largest Manufacturers of Store Fixtures in the World constructed, usually graceful in design, highly finished and rival- ing any case on the mar- ket selling at 25% higher one we can you—a case, plete outfit or none. un- highly exceptionally Let us figure com- FIREWORKS PUTNAM FACTORY, Natio GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Our stock this year is unusually well assorted and we have specialized on Sane Fireworks TOWN DISPLAYS FURNISHED We are Headquarters as usual nal Candy Co. These superfine goods bring the customer back for more and pay a fair profit to the dealer too JowNey’s COCOA and CHOCOLATE For Drinking and Baking Soptei sat cet e The Walter [1. Lowney Company & w a4 < may » F4 ~ < - bg a» 6 <«. ~ dad i. . % a an E - % 3 & a al ¥ ae = r fad et “ * & ca at Ps _ a “e ro — oo + 4 BP a - ~ wt « > a ~—— ~ »~ wh 7] ‘ lg Sh ah &* » a 4 . “4 ~ ~ am <é. ~ al a ~~ # E “~ * & wt * me ~ Bow Pp An ’ ne a — oo ry & 7 = a - a > a ~—— we VA a i ’ ig qu as » a € May 4, 1910 THE LAW-BREAKER. Why He Was Peremptorily Haled Into Court. He walked vigorously up the ave- nue, the dog trotting on ahead and turning now and then to wag his tail pleasantly in a spirit of comradeship. The man seemed to be very much ab- sorbed in his reflections, for he paid very little attention to what was go- ing on around him. Throngs of peo- ple and throngs of vehicles passed him by as he strode onward, but it was as if they were not, when suddenly he was rudely awakened from his pre- occupation. “See here, mister,’ said a police of- ficer, tapping him on the shoulder, “you'll have to put a leash on that dog.” “Ah? Indeed?” the wayfarer an- swered, calmly, pausing in his march. “Why?” “Because the why,” said the “Well, youll excuse the apparent reflection upon your veracity, officer, but I don’t believe the law says any- thine of the consequently I decline to put a leash upon said dog,” answered the 599 law that’s officer, says so, sort, and wayfarer. A crowd began to gather. “You mean to say you won't obey the law?” demanded the officer. “Nothing of the sort,’ replied the wayfarer. “I simply decline to put a leash on that dog because I deny in toto that the law requires me to ao any such thing,’ “What’s the matter here?” asked another officer, coming up. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN “This feller declines to leash the dog,” returned the first officer, “be- cause he says the law does not re- quire him to do so.” “Excuse me for butting in here,” said a pleasant-looking gentleman who had been an interested observer of the complication, “but I imagine this gentleman is a stranger in town and is not wholly aware of the re- quirements.” “IT am a stranger here, sir,” said the other. “Then permit me to advise you that the officer is right,” said the in- truder, courteously. “The law is very explicit on the subject and you will avoid a lot of trouble if you comply with his demand.” VE am for your much obliged to you offices, sir, but even at the risk of seeming unappreciative I must decline to accept your ad- vice. The law does not me to leash that dog, and I fore, not comply with demand.” [Ol rin him in, second officer. very good require shall, there- this officer’s Bill,’ said “Take him to the tion and maybe the sergeant can wake the sta- him up.” “Youwll have to come along with me, sir,” said the first officer, putting his hand on the offender’s shoulder, “unless you'll take one last chance and get a leader for the dog.” “lil co along ah you,” said the ether, ‘There isnt any power! on this earth that can compel me to leash the animal and I sha’n’t do it—not if I have to carry the case to the Supreme Court.” head dubiously The perplexed officer scratched his and eyed his prisoner in a bewildered sort of fashion. “Well, by ginger!” he muttered, “you're a new one on me.” lence, They walked along the strect in si- the crowd following, and the kindly person who had tried to avert trouble hk T I’ll be the side of the North Pole.” once with firm. r,” he said. “If on that dog most surprised person this more but the interposed 1s advice, prisoner was “T know have to my rights, si put a leash 21 right. The ordinances do require you to hold the dog in leash.” Hereupon the sergeant read the from the statute-book. “That is all that law said the offender. “Doesn’t apply sergeant, his f in Harlem pee sergeant, but apply to me at all,” very well, doesn’t to you?” roared the getting red. “Who anyhow, that what not law for and that in this town all men stand on equal foot- ace are you, ae : is law for one man is you? I’d have you underst ng before the law i and if you con “There’s a surprise comin’ to you,|tinue to defy it it is a cell for you. all right, all right,” said the police-|I’ll give you one more chance. Will man, with a grin. you or will you not put a leash on They arrived at the station and the |that dog? sergeant at the desk looked up as the| “I will not,” returned the offender, party entered. The apparent respec-!calmly. tability of the prisoner seemed to] The sergeant was plainly agitated startle him. “All right, then,” he said; “it’s your Lt 32 So oetad sacha ‘ ; “What is the trouble?” he asked as|funeral, not mine. I’ll have to hold the prisoner stood before him. you on this officer’s complaint for a CONE a te a z 4 ‘ ‘ This gentleman refuses to put a|plain violation of the law, but I hate leash on this here dog,” said the of-|{ike—um—ha hokey to do it. Why So : ic eg Wiat . Ie ‘ : : ficer, producing the animal, which a}]in thunder don’t you act like a man small boy had succeeded in capturing |of sense and do what we tell you?” - o . al ¢ Ee a and ja ought along % He Fes) | « 8 aid 4 ind had gn ¥) iy = 7 c ! : Because,” said the offender, “it is- quest oO * minion of: r law o . za t the oe © ees = t my dog. IT never saw the pup in told him as polite as I could what the]... qite hefore.” law was and he says it ain't so.” ; ee a 1 Ae And the little dog wagged his tail Che officer has been very consid i ; : . | i vhile the sergeant wagged his head erate, sergeant,’ said the prisoner, : y a ; , Itrying to find a few but fitting words but he doesn’t understand the law, | ue : i vith whi to express his feeling and I refuse to accept his interpreta —_—_. +. ____ { ts ’ . elled 4 pu 1 . 4 tion of it. I’m not compelled to put Just because a man is. chicken Wt ete Seen? 3 ‘ yee vi K - h on that ae breasted it is no sign that he is chick “You don’t look like a man that |en_hearted. wants trouble,” returned the sergeant, sec egg “so before holding you, sir, I think} Self-love is the only romance that I ought to say that the officer islenters into the average man’s life. ot W-Xele CLOSS tarch and @ You don’t have to To sell Argo—stock it. But what is there to take its place? That’s the answer. explain it but once to your customer—If she tries it, she’ll order at the bottom of the bin and which he can’t well serve to his customers. Argo—the perfect starch for all laundry uses—hot or cold starching—in the big clean package to be sold for a nickel. CORN PRODUCTS REFINING COMPANY NEW YORK E low grocer really to sell bulk starch. He realizes the trouble scooping and weighing and putting it in a paper bag, to say nothing of the little broken pieces which settle doesn’t want loss in handling it— it again. 22 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 WORTH WHILE. He Put New Existence Into a Living Man. Understand, this is not his name, nor this is not the place, but the Story is the main thing and it all really happened about this way: Henry Polsen arrived on the South- western Limited into Indianapolis from the East just two hours late ‘and had just time to catch an hourly trac- tion car to his native town thirty miles South—the steam road accom- modation connection he had hoped to make had departed long ago. Two hours more and he swung off the car at the intersection of the street where he used to live, and glancing up in the direction of his final destination he saw a number of empty carriages and the empty hearse slowly pulling up in front of his old home preparatory to his father’s fu- neral, The old place looked about the same to Henry, save that the com- fertable box corniced house with plate glass windows in front had a little more modern shade of paint over the lead-shade drab of his time. The lawn had received its first spring raking after the final thaw, the flow- er bed had been spaded and all was in perfect order as if in honor of the passing of its owner. The relatives, friends and neighbors had all assembled and Henry was the last to arrive. As he passed through the front hall he saw the Chaplain of the Woman’s Relief Corps of the local G. A. R. laying a flag across his father’s breast and pronouncing the last rites of their order, which is always done just before the regular service. Henry passed into a side downstairs bedroom where the immediate family were assembled. They all cried as they saw him, but Henry did not cry with them. He kissed his mother ten- derly and likewise several spinster sisters, greeted two older brothers with a hearty, energetic clasp of the hand and a few words in a strong, well modulated voice, and patted and smiled on several young nieces and nephews that had arrived on the scene since last he came. Then the family all passed out in twos into the parlor where their miss- ing member lay silent. All of the assemblage were dressed in their most somber clothing, and with sad faces and hushed voices they were telling each other that he. was a good man, that he would be missed and some gathered in little groups and recited kind acts performed by the deceased during life. There was a contrast between Hen- ry and all the men present. He was well dressed, well groomed with even a touch of the extreme about his clothing and there was that manner, that air that goes with a liberal sal- ary and expense account, or both. The minister who sat at the sliding doors between the parlor and livinz- room arose, opened the pages of his service book, cleared his throat, which was the signal for quietness, and be- gan to read. All inclined their heads, but Henry did not. He sat erect, chin high and gazing out with a free and open coun- tenance into vacancy. When the minister had finished reading the undertaker walked from the front door with bent knees and squeaking shoes though the hall to signal a quartette seated in a semi- octagonal bay window off the library, and they arose and sang “Lead, Kind- lv Light,” with the tenor about two tones and a half off the pitch, al- though no one noticed it but Henry, and at the conclusion the women cried aloud and all the men but Henry wiped their eyes. He sat there with a statue-like expression defying the emotions common to those around him. He remained motionless all through the eulogy and at the concluding prayer when all bowed their heads low Henry inclined his but slightly. After the service Henry found him- self separated from the family by several old friends and neighbors coming up to greet him, and when the last of these had passed out he was alone in the room save for a young woman, the trained nurse in his father’s last illness, in the act of carrying out the last of many floral tributes. Henry took the remainder of these from her arms and to an empty carriage in waiting. The family carriages had formed in line behind the hearse in the middle of the street and Henry entered one with the nurse which had been arranged te go ahead of the procession in or- der to place the flowers on the bank of earth at the waiting grave, He rather welcomed this arrangement, for it gave him a chance to smoke a cigar. Henry talked to the nurse ir an open genial way which was very welcome to ther after several weeks of sick-room restraint and the last few days in a house of mourn- ing. The mourners were soon assembled at the family lot in Watch Hill cem- etery, the sleeping one was lowered into the earth and at the final bene- diction, where all bowed their heads again, Henry looked up and off to the woods and fields and sky beyond the cemetery. It was all over and as Henry was entering the carriage again a rather care worn man, George McVaine, a druggist of the town and a boyhood companion, came up to him and said that he wanted to be sure and see him before he left town. The ride back was with the under- taker in addition to the nurse, and with the undertaker’s grave-side man- ners behind he proved to be a jolly fellow with a suppressed opportunity for the expression of humor, and which, by the way, is frequently the case with country town undertakers. The funeral director had a bottle of booze, which men of his profession aiways carry in case of fainting mourners and from which he and the nurse took liberal drinks. That night Henry made an excuse to get out and sauntered down to his friend’s drug store. It was about the same—no change from the days when Henry located there and when the Present proprietor was the clerk. Henry noticed that the shelf room was mostly taken up with so-called patent medicines, many of which, containing large percentages of alco- hol, had long since disappeared from the shelves in modern drug stores. Henry greeted his old friend with more than his usual hearty hand- shake, genial open smile and melodi- ous voice, but the druggist returned it ali with a weary clasp, a sad sigh and a harsh voice. The two went behind the prescrip- tion case to talk as they used to do in the old days. Here Henry noticed a dice box on the prescription coun- ter well worn and with the dice high- ly polished from much use. There were a half filled quart bottle of whis- ky and a number of small glasses on a shelf under the prescription case. farther back was a large ice box sur- Costs Little—Saves You Much Protect your business against worthless accounts by using COMMERCIAL CREDIT CO., LTD., Reports MICHIGAN OFFIOHS: Murray Building, Grend Rapids; Majestic Building, Detroit: Mason Block, Muskegon. Weare manufacturers of Trimmed and Untrimmed Hats For Ladies, Misses and Children Corl, Knott & Co., Ltd. 20, 22, 24, 26 N. Division St. Grand Rapids, Mich. Curtain Swisses, Lace Nets, abuse it. DRAPERIES A large and complete stock. Printed Scrims, Plain Scrims, Denims, Plain and Printed Burlaps, Etamines, Tapestries, Tapestry Curtains, Lace Curtains, in fact, everything belong- ing to an up-to-date Drapery Department. A mail order shows you have confidence in us; we will not Cretonnes, Silkalines, Plain Wholesale Dry Goods P. STEKETEE & SONS | P.S.—We close at1 P. M. Saturday. Grand Rapids, Mich. afternoons for the summer months. Grand Rapids Dry Goods Company Dry Goods, Notions, Furnishings Manufacturers of Overalls, Shirts, Etc. From the liberal reorders you sent us on dress fabrics, appreciate the fact that you are doing well with our line. Hav- ing added some late novelties we would be pleased to replenish your stock with the following profit winners: 28 and 32 inch Dress Ginghams Plain and Striped Poplins Loisette and Hajar Cloths Plain and Fancy White Goods Printed Lawns and Batiste White and Colored Indian Head 36 inch Black and Colored Taffeta Silk Pongee Silk, Suesine Silk China Silk, Mahratta Silk Tussah Silk, Fairy Silk, Magnolia Silk Special Notice Commencing May 7 our store will close at 1 o’clock Saturday we 4 Yd ~ - ~ Te a » 4 "i? » 4 & a i bf ( e an, ‘aa ~~ r « > % é “" a ory tae = 7 * ~~ <— ws - a me ee — ~ - ea ¥. ~ ~ a - “a > Ml 4 s wf \d it rs Hav { i. # « @ oe ( «< » §4 ~~ o. pr Ps ‘ & a ‘ a_@ ( eo ag “a ~< P + % > % , é * a oy iu ~ vr * 4 a Pe 55 > “ < ~ -_ ~ R, - m a - nm 6 6%lhUF » &P eo alll May 4, 1910 rounded by full and empty beer cas- es and to one side were a number of unpacked boxes of a well-known soda fountain beverage known to con- tain dope. The place was dirty, ill smelling, the floor creaked with age in walking over it and all was dark—the only light coming from a natural gas burn- er with a broken mantle over it. The druggist sat in a chair beforea disordered desk and Henry took a scat on an empty beer case. “What did you want to see me about, George?” asked Henry after the two had passed a few common- place remarks. “It’s this,” replied George: “You and I are about of an age and I start- ed out in life equal to you—if any- thing I was a little ahead of you, for I was a good deal smarter in school. 1 noticed you this afternoon, and even although you were at your fa- ther’s funeral you seemed to be hap- py—you were the _ happiest person there. Understand I don’t mean that you were happy because of the death of your father, and because you ex- pected to come into some money, but that you seemed to be happy to be in the world—you were glad you were alive, in other words. “Now, I was the most unhappy man there,” continued the druggist. “Not as a mourner at the funeral of your father, but in my relation to the world in general—I was really sorry it was not my funeral your father’s.” “What’s the matter?” asked Henry. “Oh, everything, returned the druggist. “The whole world seems to be a dead beat and I have to be a dead beat in order to stay on it.” “Yes,” replied Henry, some specific thing.” rather than ” “Dut name “Well,” went on the druggist, “in the first place there are fifteen or twenty fellows over town here who owe me all the way from $5 to $30 apiece and I can’t get it out of them: then in the second place, about a year ago I bought $200 worth of goods from an agent and $150 worth of it spoiled on my hands before I could sell it. I can not get my money back nor will they take the goods.” “George,” replied Henry after some minutes of thought, “I will have to go to some length to tell you why I am happy and why you are unhappy, and what IT will say in the beginning will not appear to have a bearing on the subject, but it will finally reveal itself: “Sixteen years ago when I left here [ went over in Ohio to concern that built big years later IT went on them, and just about Rochester, New York, attention was called to an engine in a flour mill that my concern shad built and installed thirty-two- years before. I went out to see it and found it running practically as good as the day it was first started—with the possible exception of boring out the cylinder a few times and some minor parts. “T looked at it and thought of it. “Tt occurred to me that if that en- gine was doing service after thirty- two years’ continued work then the for a Six work engines, the road for this time in one day my MICHIGAN TRADESMAN people who bought that engine re- ceived in value about six times what they actually paid for it and _ still, at the same time, my concern no doubt made a satisfactory profit. “A little later I sold the engines for a New York newspaper plant on the absolute belief that I was selling them a value about six times more than the amount they were paying as a price. I am the New York repre- sentative of that concern to-day, these engines have now been in ten years and they are running just as they were installed—in fact, they have practically been in twenty years, for they have been running night and day in printing a morning and after- noon paper. I see them every week, just to keep the assurance fresh in my mind that every time I talk en- gine to any prospective buyer I am offering him about six times in value what I am naming in price. “Briefly,” Henry continued, “that is why I am happy, and incidentally it is why I am successful.” “Yes,” put mithe drugeist, “but | honest—I pay my bills—I hope to or else they would shut me up.” “Yes,” continued Henry, your bills not because you want to, but because you must. There is a deeper honesty than merely paying your bills because you have to. am ‘ ‘you pay “In the first place, the better brands up there in your cizar case are short sizes—that is, you can get a larger cigar in the brand in almost any city retail store around here for the same money. You buy these sizes Same because they are cheaper, yet you sell them for a long price. In the ond place, you have doped beverages at your soda fountain and bottles on your patent medicine shelves filled with large percentages of dope and alcohol. T am not a temperance crank and I am not taking it up on any ground, but rather from an economic standpoint and its final moral effect on your mind and heart attitude. You have all the goods and all the equipment here of a saloon, even to a dice box by which you ap- peal to the speculative instincts of your patrons, yet you pretend to be a druggist. You are taking an unfair advantage of the saloonkeeper who conducts what conduct openly and for which he pays a retail license, a moral recognized in law. The worst of this secretive practice is its effect on pretend that which you are not. You are not only Sec moral you custom you—you lewering yourself in your own eyes but in those to whom you sell. As- suming the sale of liquor on the same basis as other merchandise, you do not offer as good a quality as that of the average corner saloon. From noe point of view, in the main issue ef your business, do you give people their money’s worth. “You say,” continued Henry, “that a lot of fellows have come in here and run up bills which you are una- ble to collect; I say that this is just the paymaster coming around—it is just the law of compensation getting in its work; for by catering to these people, supplying them with the gcods of their vices, you have made your store a part of these people | and their vices. You say that a trav- eler came in here and sold you goods so defective that you could only dis- pose of a quarter of them, and that the balance are on your hands, How about the people who bought these goods? You think that your obliga- tion ceases as soon as you have sold your goods, when as a matter of fact goods are not sold until used. “By the fact that you sell dope, or peor liquor, or patent medicines, or pretend that your store is something that it is not, I don’t say that it has actually caused the hand of God to direct these men to come into your place and run up bills which they have not paid, or directed that traveler to they are sell you defective goods, but I do say that if you were honestly what you pretend to be and had the prop- er mind and heart attitude you would not attract these people and even if they came you would have the dis- cernment to guard against them. An experienced salesman, whether he has superior or inferior goods, can al- most tell where his proposition will fit by looking at the outside of the building. Your store looked good to the traveler who sold you those in ferior goods and you bought them be- cause they looked good to you sibly by reason of the price. the their bills, you have not only pos Again not pay attract but the goods, poor booze and dope, prevent them by incapacity their obligations. “Obviously, it is better that you be a druggist, but be a that as to patrons who do ed this class by your goods, from meeting druggist 23 which you say you are; if you want to be a saloonkeeper, why, be one, but in either case give your patrons in each individual transaction all you can in real value for their money.” That night when Henry Polsen bade his old friend George McVaine good night, he saw a look in his eye and felt a clasp of his hand not there when he began. The next day when Henry left tcwn he was very happy—not that he had paid respect to the dead, but that he had put a new life into a liv- ing man. David Gibson. oo And the Ultimate Consumer! Restaurant Cashier—I recently read scemewhere that a machine used in the veneer industry can slice 150 piec- es of veneer from a board one inch thick. Doesn't that give you an idea? Proprietor (excitedly)—You bet it does! If I can only buy a small-sized one to slice ham for my sandwiches! instantaneous Palmer No. 52 Lamp Just Pull the Chain Can be installed on any hollow wire system. Will work at any pressure. Needle cleaning stem. Rag or shaped mantle can be used. Get our price on complete system with %-inch drop tubes and ceiling canopy above lamp. Cash Offer, $3.50 Express Paid Modern Lighting Co. 240 Jefferson Ave. DETROIT - * MICH. Barlow’s Fancy Cake Flour Barlow’s Old Tyme Graham Barlow’s Best Flour All Choice Michigan Product JUDSON GROCER CO. Exclusive Distributors | GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. | Barlow’s Indian Corn Meal 24 MICHIGAN TRADESMAN May 4, 1910 FRAUD LAND SCHEMES. Thieving Games That Need Attention From Lawmakers. Written for the Tradesman. If a strong, husky young man knocks an aged woman down on a public street and takes her purse away from her, there is a public clamor against the police if the dirty thief is not caught and punished to the fullest extent of the law. The poor aged lady will have the sympathy of the entire community, and it is possible that a purse will be made up for her. People do not say: “Well, what was she walking along that street for, with money in her pocket? Served ber right for being a chump.” If a strong-brained, hard-cheeked, conscienceless young man sits down in the parlor of an aged woman who has saved a small home out of the work of a long life and gets her to give him this hard-won home for scmething which is worse than noth- ing to her, what then? There is no public clamor for the police, no sym- pathetic movement to get up a purse of money for her, although she has lest everything. In nine cases out of ten the prosecuting attorney will tell her that the State can not afford to dig up proof that the man got her property by means of fraud or false pretenses. Then the people say: “Well, what did she make such a foolish bargain for? She ought to have known better than to have taken that man’s word, anyway. Serves her just right for being a chump.” The police are not expected to catch the dirty thief and hunt up evi- dence against him. The police are after crimes against persons and crimes accomplished by stealth. A sensational case is more attractive than a common fraud case. So, you see, there are laws for the protection of the physically weak against the physically strong, and they are enforced automatically, with- out the injured one putting up a cent for costs or lawyer fees. But there are no laws for the protection of the mentally weak against the mentally strong. There is no law ta prevent a man talking a woman out of her home if he is cunning and a great liar and she is confiding and honest. The law admits that one man is not as strong physically as another. It does not admit that one man is not as strong mentally as another. Of course there can be no general law for the protection of fools in making bargains. If the law saw that justice was done in every trade and con- tract, it would trouble a lot of alleg- ed keen men to get a living without the use of the implements of shirt- sleeved industry. There are a good many men who are said to be keen in bargainmaking who are not keen at all. They are just liars. There are the fake min- ing schemes, the bucket shop com- binations and the fraudulent land games. The lawmaking powers of the land have taken hold of the fake mining stock schemes and the bucket shop robbers, but as yet I have seen no indication of their taking hold of the dirty, tricky land games. It goes without saying that when a company or an individual comes into a state with a land proposition he ought to be made to show up before a committee of men appointed by the governor to sift such enterprises. There are several reasons why such a land proposition should bear the o. k. of the state before the proprietors thereof are permitted to go out into the highways and induce people to leave the state. In the first place the land they sell is far away. It is usually in an unde- veloped part of the United States or Mexico. People have to in a meas- ure take the word of the promoters if they do business with them. Pur- chasers do not know whether there is a market for the produce raised ot not. They take the word of the agents that there is a railroad “going” to be built. No one can start an insurance com- pany, or solicit for one, in this State unless the officers of the State know all about it. No one can put a merget through and issue a lot of bonds with- out the State having a finger in the deal. There are a lot of things the State looks into before promoters are permitted to take other people’s mon- ey, but it never has, so far as I know, looked into this land business. Is there any reason why a_ land company or individual with land to sell in some far away place should not be required to go before some State officer and make a showing? If the scheme is an honest one it will help the business. If it is a dishonest one it will be fired out of the State. Michigan has plenty of good land. There is an association up at Trav- erse City, for instance, which is working hard to get people up there. The land is better than the Southern lands so much talked about, and there are transportation facilities right now which are better than these distant land tracts will have in fifty years. There is a market right at the door, a market ready now. Trolley lines are crossing Michigan in every direction. There are three or four about ready to begin digging on rights of way now. But the trouble is that the men who are trying to in- duce people to settle in Northern Michigan are ‘not professional liars. And even if they were, they could not cheat very many people, for the proposed farms are so close by that a prospective purchaser can ride out to them for a dollar or two and get back home the same day. There are people selling land in Michigan who are telling the exact truth about their land—which is away off somewhere where the sun shines every day in the year. They show fruits and vegetables raised on their land, and they show just what the soil will do. What they can not show, as a rule, honest although they are, is the market. Railroads are pro- jected. Of course they will go through. And where are these peo- ple who spend all their money, who trade their homes for a farm, going to get provisions during the two or three years it will take to produce }crops? John I. Gibson, who is managing editor of the Traverse City company mentioned above, is pretty keen for business, but I do not believe he would advise an old lady to trade her home for some of the land he pre- sides over and go up there to live without a cent to build a house, or buy cattle or tools, o1 to live on for a year while the land is being worked for the first crop. I know of some other land companies that are doing just this thing. When the State makes promoters show all about their land, and their market, and their transportation, there will be fewer people ruined, Al- most any of this land advertised is all right, and, perhaps, a good in- vestment if a man goes there with money enough to stock the place, and build a house, and buy provisions for a year or two. But, as a rule, men as well fixed as this do not mix up with land booming concerns. They take their time and buy somewhere where they are safe right from the start. These men who are selling this outside land will take almost any- thing in the way of payment. They grab at a home being paid for on a contract of purchase not yet fulfilled. They are eager to get hold of a house that is mortgaged. They will take anything in exchange for their land. A man who will induce an old wom- an to embark on one of these new- country land deals when he knows that all she has is her home, when he understands how helpless she would ke under the conditions he recom- mends, ought to be put in prison for the remainder of his worthless life. Or, perhaps, it might be well to let him off with a course of big treatment. Mrs. Mary Winship, aged 70 and a widow, had a little home worth about $700. There was a mortgage on it for $200. She was self-supporting from choice, although she had a husky son who was willing to assist her. She said she wanted to live out her life without being a burden to any one, so the son watched over her and let her have her own way. She traded her home for a piece of land down in a Southern swamp somewhere. She was shown samples of the things that would grow down there, also a picture of a woman sit- ting on a cottage porch, with trees and vines much in evidence. This, she was told, was a serene and inde- pendent old age. When she traded her home she had nothing left. She was obliged to work three months to get a ticket to go to her land, which, also, was mortgaged. She wrote to her son for money to get back to her little home villaze with. He went down there after her and looked the ground over. Then he brought her back home. The land was all right, or would be in ten years, but there were no market, no transportation, no improvements. If she had remained there she would have had to sleep out under the trees, In five years a man might have done well there. But this old woman could never have endured the labor and pri- vations. The next day after his return the big son went to the office of the com- son pany and took the agent by the neck. The agent said he’d have him arrest- ed. The son said he hoped he would, as no jury would convict him, and the trial would bring out the whole transaction. He informed the agent, also, that he was coming in there every day to take him by the neck un- til he deeded the little home back to his mother, These land ‘salesmen are not fool- ish, This one knew that the son was out of his rights, and subject to ar- rest for assault and battery and black- mail, but he also knew that if he re- fused to give the place back the news- papers would get hold of the matter and his business in the State would be ruined. So the old lady zot her home back. But there are plenty of old women and old men who do not get their homes back. Tt is the dirtiest, meanest trick the world knows of to take advantage of an old lady in that way. If she had known all about the land she would never have made the trade. What would there be wrong in making. such a concern come to a show-down be- fore doing business in Michigan? It is to be hoped the next Legislature will take some action in the matter. Alfred B. Tozer. ——_+-___ Horn Played By a Violin. The English play one instrument with another, a stringed instrument such as a violin operating the French horn. The performer plays the vio- lin which controls the tones of the horn, the wind for the latter being produced by a current of compressed air. Every vibration of the strings under the bow of the violinist pro- vokes a vibration in unison of a wind instrument. The violin plays in concerted piece. Before entering the auxiliary instrument the air current that is to cause it to sound traverses a pressure gauge on the sounding board and a filter that retains all its impurities. A pedal serves to modify the pressure of the air. The acoustic mechanism, which is called the autophone, consists of an aluminium valve shaped like a comb Or a series of tongues similar to those of wind instruments. Fach tooth of the comb vibrates before a corresponding aperture in a small chest fed with air compressed to about one and one-third atmospheres, The distance of the teeth from the apertures may be regulated and the farther the teeth are from the aper- tures the more abundant current. This valve regulates the flux of air and when it is forced to vibrate it sends corresponding sound waves in- to the horn. The valve is connected to the bridge of the instrument by a rod of aluminium. Thus the valve is forced to vibrate in unison with the characteristic tone of the instrument. The sounds issuing from the horn are of richer quality and greater volume than the tones it ordinarily emits. ——_+-~-__ “The Forsaken Garden.” Flat Dweller—Going to work your garden this year, old man? Suburbanite (earnestly) — Never again! I tried to work it last year, but it worked me for about $100 and fifteen pounds of good flesh. is the air “4 7 ¢ ~< e < << ™. < “ =! te . a de ae, ‘< ~~ % a * @ 4 rae >» ai = - + 4 D> a a ~~ é ¢ 4 = ~~ wt + > <« t | ae a »