SAX MOSTAR SNES OE Zak SOF ERS VIIA GC ts WATE GEN AC ere ean ath OS ERED IIOP INGEN (a) Oo arn or ay Aah VE aeRO ‘> AOR VES Be SHER NWHECTIIG ART STR A. EIA RNA AL Si CK fe Be ae aR Qe: ( AS AY YG iP GE SS as a we © Ae WC é oe EY We Rea Y LG Z y Be NAS) SD (AEN IS) CoE S/d ‘a EN eT NES } Geel (CT NEN yr Wat SSeS EN ye EN SON 3 eg PUBLISHED WEEKLY 5 (Oo Se TRADESMAN COMPANY, PUBLISHERS ek) YASS 2 STEKO I OE LE GOON EES LE SIO SE ASE Ma |} LEY BROS.., - JOBBERS OF .. Seeds, Baens, Fruits and Produce, If you have any BEANS, APPLES, POTATOES or ONIONS to sell, state how many and will try and trade with you. 26, 28. 30 and 32 Ottawa Street. _ MOSE GRAND RAPIDS, MARCH 7, 1894. MUSKEGON BAKERY UNITED STATES BAKING Coa., CRACKERS, BISCUITS, CAKES. Originators of the Celebrated Cake, “MUSKEGON BRANCH.’ HARRY FOX, Manager, MUSKEGON, MICH. CANDY. To increase your Sales Buy ABSOLUTELY PURE GOODS A. BE. BROOKS & CoO. WHOLESALE DEALERS IN AND MANUFACTURERS OF A Full Line of Confectionery, Extensive Handlers Of FOREIGN NUTS, DATES, FIGS, ETC. THE PUTNAM CANDY COPIPANY. ors pond NT A GRAND RAPIDS BRUSH GOMP'Y, ® “zm BRUSHES Our Goods are sold by all Michigar Jobbing Houses. hs GRAND RAPIDS, _MICH. Qe ge, Before you purchase, wait and see our Spring Line of the Latest Styles in Fine and First Grade Goods, which are Unexcelled. Please Send Us Your Mail Orders. Agents for Wales—Goodyear Rubber Co. 5 and 7 Pearl Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. OYSTERS. ANCHOR BRAND Are the best. All orders will receive prompt attention at lowest market price, F. J. DETTENTHALER. Rindge, Kalmbach & Co.. 12, 14 & 16 Pearl Street, ONE OF OUR SPECIALTIES Our Spring lines are now ready. Be sure and see them be- = a fore placing your orders. We can show you the cleanest line on the road, both in black and colored goods. We have the finest assortment of Oxfords we ever carried. Our styles and prices are right. We are in it. Come and see us. AGENTS FOR THE BOSTON RUBBER SHOE CoO, A Large and Well Assorted Line ofs~,—_¥» Prints, Outings, Percales, WASH GINGHAMS, INDIGO WIDE PRINTS, SATINES (in plain black and fancies), COTTONS, COTTON FLANNELS and STAPLE GINGHAMS (both Amoskeag and Lancaster), at low prices, SAMPLEs SENT ON AP- PLICATION. P. Steketee & Sons. Spring & Company, Dress Goods, Shawls, Notions, Ribbons, Hosiery, Gloves, Underwear, Woolens, Flannels, Blankets, Ginghams Prints and Domestic Cottons Cloaks, We invite the attention of the trade to our complete and well assorted stock at lowest market prices. Spring & Company. VOIGT, HERPOLSHEIMER & UD WHOLESALE Dry Goods, Carpets and Gloaks We Make a Specialty of Blankets, Quilts and Live Geese Feathers. Mackinaw Shirts and Lumbermen’s Socks. OVERALLS OF OUK OWN MANUFACTURE. Voigt, Herpolshemer & Co, ** Seana Rapas >” Grand Rapids. PERKINS & HESS, Hides, Furs, Wool & Tallow, Nos. 122 and 124 Louis Street, Grand Rapids, Michigan. WE CARRY A STOCK OF CAKE TALLOW FOR MILL USE. GRAND GIRARD BELL EN REAGAN, M D. ae & Co. Manufacturing -:- Pharmacists, DRUG BR‘ oe AND MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS DRUG STOCKS BOUGHT AND SOLD. DRUG CLEKK’S EMPLOYMENT BUREAUS PORTER BLOCK, GRAND RAPIDS. Correspondence Solicited. Promptness Assured. AGAIN REDUCED. PrP. B. OYSTERS. The Lenten season will soon be here and this class of goods will be just what is wanted. THE : PUTNAM : GANDY : 60. FLORIDA ORANGES Are now in their prime and are being sold at very close prices. Order of us wa we will guarantee to ple ase you. THE PUTNAM CANDY CO. H. E. HEYMAN COMPANY, FIRST-CLASS WORK ONLY. 863 and 6B Canal St., WRITE FOR PRICES. » LEMON & WHEELER COMPANY [IMPORTERS AND Wholesale Grocers Grand Rapids. STANDARD OIL 6O., GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN. DEALERS IN [ltuminating and Lubricating —-OlLlLS- ‘Manufacturers af Show Gases of Ruery Description. Grand Rapids, Mich, NAPTHA AND GASOLINES. Dffice, Hawkins Block. Works, Butterworth Avge BULK WORKS AT #RAND BAPIDe 31G RAPIDS, ALLEGAN, MUSKEGON, GRAND HAVEN, HOWARD CITY, MANISTEE, CADILLAC, LUDINGTON. PETOSKEY, GIGHEST PRIOE PAID FOR AMPYY GARBON & GASOLIN" BARRELS - id Moy aa ‘. 4 a ' -|-4 HEADACHE | POWDERS Order from your jobber. PECK’S Pay the best profit. Buy Direct of the Manufacturers. ARTHUR G. GRAHAM, Manufacturers’ Agent. PAPER, TWINKS, ROPE. 3 Canal Street. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Samples and Prices on application. HATCH & WILSON, Lawyers, ROOMS 25, 26,27 - Widdicomb Building, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. We do a general law business throughout West- ern Michigan. Refer to any Bank or Judge in the city. 5 AND7 PEARL STREET. ESTABLISHED 1841. AA he AL SRR SIM SRN THE MERCANTILE AGENCY R.G. Dun & Co. Reference Books issued quarterly. Collections attended to throughout United States and Canada The Bradstreet Mercantile Agency. The Bradstreet Company, Props. Executive Offices, 279, 281, 283 Broadway, N.Y CHARLES F. CLARK, Pres, Offices In the principal cities of the United _oStates, Canada, the European continent, ) Australia, and in London, England. firand Rapids Office, Room 4, Widdicomb Bldg. HENRY ROYCE, Supt. COMMERCIAL CREDIT CO. 65 MONROE ST,, Successor to Cooper Commercial Agency and Union Credit Co. Commercial reports and collections. Legal ad- vice furnished and suits brought in local courts = * appeneman Telephone 166 or 1030 for particu- L. a —_— a C. A. CUMINGS, E. BLOCK CHEAP SAP BUCKETS oe eee GR $10.50 per 100 1X Tin, 12 qt.. eeeee- LROO per 100 H. LEONARD & SONS, GRAND RAPIDS, CRACKER BAKERY TO LEASE. 2 Reel Ovens, Engine, Boiler, Shaft- ing, Pulleys, Belting, Office Furniture, Safes, etc. This is the best opening in the State. The only Cracker Bakeries in the city are operated by the Trust. For particulars address Robert Morton, care Morton Baking Co., Detroit Mich. GRAND RAPIDS, WEDNESDAY, | MARC H 7 TALE OF AN ADVENTURESS. There is no greater menace to society in general, and to the peace and comfort of individuals in particular, than a bad woman. Tobe such a menace to the fullest extent she must be young, at- tractive and shrewd. There will be some among my readers who will remember the case of the wom- an known as Belle Clifton, although her career closed a quarter of a century ago. I had heard and read of her for five years before she got her ten-year sen- tence to the prison in which I was dep- uty warden, and therefore had consider- able interest in her. Had one been able to gather together the handsomest girls in four of the largest cities of the United States this Belle Clifton would have been the queen of beauty among them. She began her career at 14, and she was entered on the prison records as being 19 years of age. With facial beauty she combined a wealth of golden hair, small feet, dainty hands, and a voice of won- derfully magnetic powers. No man or woman could look into her face and _ be- lieve her guilty. But for a bungling piece of business on the part of her law- yer she might not have been convicted when she was. In hopes to conceal her identity, he brought her into court with her face bandaged up, and declared she was suffering with neuralgia, and the jurors saw nothing of her beauty. Before telling you of her career in prison let me relate some of her outside expe- riences. As near as could ever be learned, Belle Clifton was born in Chicago. She was taken to a town in Iowa when three months old and deserted in a railroad depot. She was adopted by a family named Clifton, and they gave her both her names. Asababy, a child, and a young girl, her beauty gave her local fame. While she obstinately refused to attend school she picked up a great deal of general knowledge, and without any- one to advise her she fell into ways to make the most of her influence on man- kind. In opposition to her bringing up and general surroundings she deliber- ately selected the career of an adven- turess. It was probably in the blood. At the age of 14 she disappeared from home and went to St. Louis. The story she told at one of the hotels enlisted sympathy. She had prepared her yarn in advance, and although every state- ment was false she made everybody be- lieve that every word was gospel truth. No less than three prominent families offered to adopt her. She accepted the offer of one, and began her career. There was a son who was to be married soon, and when Belle had been in the house less than a month she laid certain charges at his door. They were false, but rather than have any talk the girl received a sum of money and was told to go. She departed for Cincinnati and on her arrival sought out a prominent di- vine, claiming to believe that he could give her information about her relatives. Here is the story the good man after- ward told the police: ‘*] was favorably impressed with her appearance. I never saw a more truth- ful, honest face. Her voice charmed me. She was but a child, and all my sympathies were at once roused. I re- ceived her in my study, as I did all others. She was there for about twenty minutes, telling me a story which I im- plicitly believed, but which was en- tirely false. When she arose to go she demanded $500 of me, threatening to go before a judge and swear out a warrant against me if I didn’t hand it over. I was at first dumb with surprise. Then I defied her and threatened in turn. She was perfectly calm, and while ad- mitting my entire innocence, she ar- , 1894. gued that I could not afford to be dragged into court and scandalized. The result was that I gave her the mon- ey. Had she been awoman I would have defied her tothe end. A child of her years possessed of such attractions, would have carried public sympathy by storm.’ Miss Clifton’s beauty attracted men by the score, but she had no use for them. She detested compliments, and would permit no one to make love to her, ex- cept to further her purposes. While in Cincinnati she claimed to be looking up the history of her mother, who she said died in a hospital under another name. She not only told a straight story, but even employed a private detective to search for information. Four weeks after blackmailing the minister she spread her net for the pres- ident of a bank. She had never seen the man when she entered the bank and asked for on_ interview. Strangely enough, he had returned from Europe only two days before. She did not know whether he was married or single, but took her chances on that point. His story was as follows: ‘‘I was very busy, but supposing her to be fatherless or an orphan who had come on bank business, I asked her into my private office. She did not sit down, as 1 ,of course, asked her to, but, standing with one hand on my desk, she looked me straight in the eyes and said that if 1 did not give her a thousand dol- lars in cash, she would tell the whole story to my wife. I listened like one in a dream. Icould not comprehend her meaning until she bad repeated her words. There was a sad smile on her beautiful face; there were tears in her big blue eyes. There she stood, an or- phan of fifteen, and her very pose ealled for sympathy. I had just returned from Europe, and I had never set eyes on her before. She had no hold on me. If she went to my wife or to the cvurts I could prove her a liar and blackmailer, and yet I handed her over that thousand dol- lars. Why? Well, because it was busi- ness. Ifajury had cleared me of every taint and sent her to prison besides, the general public would never have been quite satisfied. She thanked me, pock- eted the greenbacks, and walked out, and you can be sure that I had nothing to say to anyone.” When Belle Clifton arrived in Balti- more she went to board with a widow to whom she had been recommended. She claimed to be an English girl in seareh of information regarding her father, who had been a soldier in the Confed- erate service and died under that flag. in no time at all she had ascore of people ready to assist her, and to carry out her plans she frequently went to Washington and employed special clerks to dig among the records in the archives. No trace of her father could ever be found among the captured records. In Baltimore at that time was a man about 30 years of age, who was posessed of a large fortune. He had fallen in love with the daughter of a Cleveland millionaire and they were to have been married within a short time. Miss Clifton heard of this case through a lady who ealled on the widow. She made a few cautious inquiries, ascer- tained that the gentleman was in his of- fice from 2 to 4 o’clock every afternoon, and one day she set out to pay him a visit. What happened is best told in his own words: ‘*Her excuse for desiring a private in- terview was that she came from Cleve- land and was well acquainted with my betrothed. I thought her one of the loveliest and most charming girls I ever saw. She gave her name as Miss Chris- tian, and claimed to have been a dear friend of my betrothed for three or four NO. 546 years. I was expecting her to deliver some message when she suddenly looked up and remarked that not a cent less than $2,000 would settle it. I was stunned. Settle what? I was wond- ering whether 1 was jawake or asleep when she said that if I did not hand over the money she would swear to a warrant, drag me into a court of justice, and even if the jury cleared me my affi- anced would break the engagement. When I discovered her purpose I was terribly indignant and boldly defied her, but five minutes later 1 took a different view of things. While I cursed her and could hardly keep my hands off her throat, I paid her the money. My good name and future happiness were at stake. For five years Belle Clifton’s career was unchecked. There were two reas- ons for this—first, because she worked entirely alone, and, secondly, she made no mistake in her victims. She did not ask for exorbitant sums, and though she had no hold whatever on any man, each one paid the money rather than be scan- dalized. The ‘‘job’’ for which the woman was convicted and sentenced was planned and carried out in Boston. She invented excuses to go to the office of a wealthy broker several times and to have him call on her at least twice. He was a widower, but soon to be married again. She demanded $5,000 of him, and he stood up and defied her to do her worst. She made the mistake of taking him into court, probably being angered over his defiant attitude. The woman he was to marry at once broke the engagement, and he was the subject of much public and private scandal. This made him thirst for revenge. He got the case put off and set detectives at work, and in the course of time he traced the girl clear back to the home from which she had run away. When the trial came on she stood un- masked, and after his acquittal he caused her arrest, and did not let up until the doors of a State prison had closed behind her. Prison officials are not easily beguiled, but I must admit that Belie Clifton pull- ed the wool over our eyes in fine shape. She hadn’t been with us two weeks when we began to look upon her as a martyr. She told her story in such a way that you felt yourself believing every word of it. She won the heart of the matron ina week, and in less than a month was treated more like a guest than a prisoner. Our prison was open to the publie sever- al hours each day, and everybody who came wanted to see ‘the beautiful prisoner.’’ In one month six different men offered to marry her in case she was pardoned, and nine-tenths of the female visitors gave her their sympathies. I should not tell tales out of school, but to show you the strange power she pos- sessed I will state that the prison doctor, the chaplain, the warden, a turnkey and a guard were all ‘‘soft?’ on Miss Clifton at the same time, and yet all were mar- ried men. You will want to know how I stood. Well, I was courting a good- looking girl at the time and so escaped the epidemic, though [ won’t deny that I thought her innocent, and would have signed a petition for her release. The matron of the prison had a sister living about half a mile from the prison. After Belle Clifton had been with us five months this sister was taken ill, and the matron was in the habit of running over there after breakfast and after sypper. One evening I was coming up from town in a buggy and encountered the matron on the highway. We nodded to each other, but after I had passed on it struck me that the good woman, whose weight was 160 pounds had suddenly lost flesh. When | turned to look, I was certain that some one had borrowed her clothes. lL 3 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. ‘w Sa turned about and overtook her, and be-/| or gardeners, but simply those who buy | 5 ; ’ i So hold it was Belle Clifton! 1 took her|of the producers or wholesalers and Hwinell Wrig | y ( N back and made an investigation, and it | hawk these goods about the streets. 3 - ' did not surprise me overmuch to learn} At the last meeting of the council that the matron was in the plot. She} Alderman Brewer introduced an ordi- FI BE —~h_ believed the girl innocent and was will-| nance which is intended as a solution of | N ing to help her get away. The political| this problem. The provisions of the ae . situation was rather ticklish just then, | ordinance are in substance as follows: and so nothing was done that the public} Section 1 provides that no person or COFFEES. heard of. A month later the Governor} persons shall engage in the business of : "P* of the State dropped in one day and in- | hawking, pack or other peddling in the quired for Belle Clifton. He had been! streets or other public places, or from nls i Bes appealed to by a score of outsiders who | door to door in the city of Jackson with- Royal Java did not believe her guilty. The matron | out first procurivog a license from the ’ oat oo and myself were present at the interview. | city recorder. Royal Java and Mocha The Governor had the record of her trial, Section 2 provides that it shall not be ’ - » and he started in without a doubt of her| lawful for any person or persons to en- Aden Mocha guilt, but two hours later he was very] gage in the business of selling fruits, ’ much in doubt. She not only glibly ex-| vegetables, produce or other articles Mocha and Java Blend vey plained away the points bearing hardest} whatsoever, from stand, stall, cart, . ’ | against her, but aeeused the Bostonian] wagon, pack, basket, or in any manner, White House Mocha and ee 4 so cireumstantially that it seemed te bej|jon any of the public streets, parks, | a case where he had evoked the power of | grounds, places, or alleys in said city Java te the law to uphold his wrongdoing. She} without first having obtained a license ’ spoke without halting or hesitating. | from the city recorder. Golden Santos r ut She seemed to anticipate every question Section 3 provides that any person de- ; | and have an answer ready. It was not|siring to engage in the above business il Golden Rio alone her way of telling it, but she knew] shall make application to the recorder 7 ame just where to smile, just where to drop a| fora license, stating the goods to be sold No 37; ‘Blend é tear, just where to look so sad and heart-| and the place and manner of selling fi wi , ' ™ broken that you wantea to pat her on| them, and whether on foot or with one , . . | the head and tell her to put on her hat| animal or more. We have trebled our coffee business since we have been as and walk out. It may be a mean thing Section 4 merely outlines the manner handlin these br ands and an de aler © “an do the same. to give the Governor away, but [ll bet | in which the license is to be secured. he 8 Je = ; w ie boots to buttons he was a bit ‘‘soft’’ on Section 5 provides that all such licens- the girl himself when he left the prison.|es issued shall continue in force until I don’t know how things would have|the 31st day of May following. The et turned out in the matter of securing a] rates for licenses are fixed as follows: 2 s new trial or a pardon or a commutation | For every huckster, hawker or peddler ° of sentence fu not something oecurred| who travels on foot and omer fruits Agents W estern Michigs in, Gr and Rapids. | to render further proceedings useless.| vegetables, produce or other goods in plas The Doctor’s wife was an almost daily | hand-cart, wagon or basket, $20 for one caller at the prison, and of course she} year. Forevery one who travels with ne i had the run of the place. She wasgreat- | one horse or other animal, $30; for every- ly interested in Belle . lifton, but not| one who travels with two or more horses foolish enough to be willing to help her|or other animals, $50. At the end of a escape. It amounted to about the same} each three months after the 31st day of . thing, however. The Doctor’s wife| May a corresponding reduction shall be é * + ‘ v brought laudanum to cure toothache, and | made in the amount but in no case shall (Tl N G Co in return Belle Clifton gave her a dose of |} the amount charged be less than one- J] ~J) 0) o, it in something they were drinking to- | fourth the full sum. . gether in the matron’s private room. Every person engaging in such busi- oy Proprictors, of the When the drug had taken effect, the fair| ness with a wagon, cart or other vehicle ; angel dressed herself as the Doctor’s| shall have his name and the number of wife and passed the guards and got safe-| his license printed on the outside of his - ” ly away. It’s my private opinion that | vehicle, in letters and figures of not less at least two of the guards knew her, but] than one inch in length. « , were glad to see her get away. The Persons licensed must not occupy the | search for her was half-hearted, and she | street or sidewalk in such manner as to ~ * » made good her escape, and later on 1} interfere with or interrupt travel. } heard that she was living in England. It is made the duty of every person A. Her escape created a prison seandal, and securing such license to preserve and ex- several men were bounced, and the Gov-| hibit the same to any policeman or other ernor was so cut up over being taken in| person whenever requested to do so. ee and done for that he made it hot for all The penalty for violating the provis- hands for the next year. Neither as 4) jons of this ordinance is a fine of not less he) - private individual, a business man, nora] than the license fee and not to exceed ‘ public official do 1 want anything what-| $100, besides costs of prosecution, or im- = 4 7 ever to do with handsome women. I re- prisonment in the county jail not to ex- gard them as more dangerous than the} ceed three months, or both such fine and ae bombs of the Anarchists. imprisonment. ——_-+-_—~. + << Section 12 provides that this ordinance "i . Jackson “Grocers After the Peddlers. | Shall not be construed so as to apply to : : : any person or persons coming into the ' JACKSON, Feb. 23—I mail you under) city with teams or otherwise with any a |? separate cover copy of the Patriot t0| ,roduce to sell to dealers, or to any per- show you we are still after the peddler. | con selling vegetables or berries or other “ 4 “ Twice before our petition died in the | produce of their own farms or premises, hands of the Ordinance Committee. | 67 to mechanics who sell articles of their AB i This year we went to the City Attorney | own manufacture or construction. and paid nim to draft a form of ordi-| The ordinance was referred to the nance, when our Committee took it tO | committee on ordinances. and will prob- ” " he President of the Council (Brewer). | aly come up for final action at the next and he presented it with our petition at} meeting of the council. sig oe ~ the last meeting. Our Committeee are | _ cmraqem — . now laboring with the aldermen, and | _a aE THE ABOVE BRANDS, ue the prospects are that it will pass at the} e an ain of the Council. vt we can Royal Patent, Crescent, White Rose, accomplish this, I shall feel our Asso- | Are sold with our personal guarantee. ciation has not been in vain. j D. S. FLEMING, Pres. | If you are not now handling any of our brands, we solicit a trial order, confident that the ex og 4 The newspaper article to which the writer refers is as follows: Several attempts have been made by the grocers and dealers in fruits and vege- tables to have an ordinance passed re- quiring persons engaged in peddling on the streets to pay alicense. The regular dealers claim, and justly too, that they are taxed on their stocks to aid in paying the running expenses of the city and that itis no more than right that those engage 2d in direct competition with them should bear their proportion of the ex- pense. It is not the idea of the grocers or anyone else to tax persons who sell only their own products, such as farmers | avy oo intemr NO CURE, NO MUSTACHE, NO PAY. NO PAY. DANDRUFF CURED. 1 will take Contracts to grow hair on the head or face with those who can call at my office or at the office of my agents, provided the head is not glossy, or the pores of the scalp not closed. Where the head is shiny or the pores closed, there is no cure. Call and be examined free of charge. If you cannot call, write to me. State tho exact — of the scalp and your occu- | pation ROF. G. BIRKHOLZ, Sens 1011 Masonic Temple, Cuicaco cellent quality of our goods and the satisfaction of your customers will impel you to become a regular Customer. VOIGT MILLING CO. ABSOLUTE TEA. The Acknowledged Leader. SOLD ONLY BY SELLER OS. Eee GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Correspondence solicited. "y * 7 pa ~ ~ A f= ~ ° ¥ eps vy mH & | = ria = - a Po « +H i‘ = THH MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. 8 UNIONISM. Always Evil, Whether Applied to Labor or Business. Competition—free, epen and active— is the very soulof business. It originates, developes and perfects ideas which erys- talize into improved practice. Necessi- ty is said to be the mother of invention, and competition, of the free sort, neces- sitates the invention of labor-saving machinery and the evolution of business methods which will have the greatest tendency to check losses arising from waste and leakages, curtail expenses, and increase profits. True competition is the test which proves the value of in- dividuality. Nature ordains that none but the fittest can survive; that none but those who possess superior skill, patience and endurance can expect to win; and comperition, free and unfettered, is na- ture’s plan for applying the test. This plan may not seem a just one to those who fall by the way, but it is the inevita- ble law of nature and natural ways and means are always the best. It weeds out incompetence; deals out retribution to the vicious and dishonest, and prevents the indolent and improvident from ris- ing above the level of the common herd. It is the only true key to progress and human advancement, and by its virtue alone can man’s greatest possibilities in self-development be drawn out. In these modern times men are prone to overlook these truths. Nature and nature’s laws are looked at from the same standpoint that our grandfather’s laws are looked at, and one is consider- ed to be quite as amendable and repeal- able as the other. The ‘‘survival of the fittest’? may have been all right when our great-grand-fathers burned nervous, hysterical old women under the impres- sion that they were witches; but in this year of grace it is looked upon as an ex- ploded idea. In the evolution of modern thought a grand scheme has been devised whereby not only the fittest may survive, but all, regardless of individual skill or ability, may survive. This modern scheme which is to frustrate the design of the Creator and revolutionize the forces of nature is called wnionism. If 1 lose control of my pencil before I get through with this article, and write some plain words, the reader will con- sider where it comes from and mercifully overlook it. In order to avoid ‘‘vain repetitions,” I shall use the term ‘‘union- ism” as meaning ‘“‘combined effort,’’ re- gardless of any particular name it may be known by in the business world. It will be understood, of course, that I do not mean combined efforts for doing good— such as the suppression of vice or the advancement of morals—but for the gratification of selfish inclinations by combining for the purpose of gagging competition in view of increased gains. Unionism was born in greed, and, like every other thing of so mean a parentage, it has been the fruitful source of strife and turmoil ever since its birth. It has pitted class against class and placed a gulf between capital and labor so wide and so deep that it has become the great problem of the day how to bridge over it in safety to the commonwealth. In its effort to remove the penalty of violated natural law from the individual, it has given a community representing a trade or interest a degree of power which it could not otherwise obtain, and which is made use of by enforcing tribute from other trades or interests. It has read- justed values on a false and unjust basis and swallowed up individuality. Of what use is superior skill or a more ex- pert artisanship on the part of the indi- vidual unit in unionism? None what- ever, so far, at least, as the price of his labor is concerned. What consummate nonsense it is to assume that the labor of any one man fora given time is worth no more than that of any other man for the same space of time! Whatnonsense, Isay; and yet this is pure unionism, as put into practice. The veriest block- head Knows that the labor of one mechanic may be worth double that of another; yet unionism fixes a price which governs each, thereby knocking excel- lence on the head for the purpose of propping up inferiority. Where labor is paid for by the piece, or according to quantity—like type-setting, for instance— the injustice is no less observable, for quality cuts fully as great a figure in regulating the true value of labor as quantity. Unionism may, in theory, have some- thing about it that sounds like benevo- lence and brotherly love; but, as put into practice, it is nothing but usurpation, senseless greed and base tyranny. It usurps prerogatives which lie entirely beyond its own legitimate rights, dicta- ting where it has no right to dictate, and enforcing its dicta by cowardly intimida- tion, in various forms and by brute force, in utter disregard of the rights of others. It was conceived in greed, as_ before stated, and every act of its miserable ex- istence is the outcome of greedy motives. Its constituent parts were once free men who proudly boasted of their individual liberty in the struggle for life; but when an increased competition demanded a corresponding increase of individual capabilities, they dodged the issue by merging their individualities into union- ism in order to enforce, by intimidation and otherwise, a support to which they were not entitled and a reward for per- sonal services fixed arbitrarily without any regard to individual merit. These once free men are no longerfree. Their greedy cowardice overcame them. Their individual liberty has been burned to ashes on the altar of unionism, and now they are nothing but spokes in a wheel, or hairs in a dog’s tail that ‘‘waggeth when the dog listeth.” In practice, unionism is tyranny of the basest kind. It is said that all men are born equal, but this is not true except as to the origin of life and the manner of being born. No two men are exactly similar in size, shape, temperament, dis- position or ability; and no two men cul- tivate, develop and make use of the nat- ural talents they possess, in a similar manner, either for their own benefit or that of their fellow men. In this sense, therefore, all men are not born equal. We find that some men are born into the world with only one poor little talent, while others are blessed with many tal- ents, all of which are of greater magni- tude; yet, by dint of hard, patient, perse- vering labor in self-improvement, we often find the man with the cultivated dwarf talent better able to cope with the obstacles of life than his more- highly -favored-by- na- ture brother who has neglected his op- portunities. Now, what is the use of cultivating the brain which God has given us if it will not lessen the struggle for existence or add to the sum total of happiness? And if it does have this effect, then is it not reasonable to assume that it will place usin an advantageous position? And what advantage would it give us in open competition with our fellow men, if it did not add value to services rendered by us, or enable us in some way to secure a greater reward for our labors? There was a time in the history of this country when the only thing necessary, in order to win an approving smile from the goddess of fortune, was simply to ‘“‘manifest” a desire for it and get intoa proper position to receive it; but this is no longer the case. These positions are all occupied and overcrowded with a surging mass of devotees, pinching, struggling and clamoring for the slight- est recognition, but their importuning brings not the coveted smile. Has the Goddess turned a deaf ear to her admir- ers? No; she is said to be a fickle jade, but the charge of fickleness arises from the fact that she is constantly changing her standard of personal merit, raising it higher and higher as competition in- ereases. Fortune’s favors are few in number. She bestows them upon the fittest one in a 100 and frowns upon the ninety and nine. Unionism may storm her castle en masse; but the walls of that eastle are impregnable and the treasures it contains are guarded by the immuta- ble laws of our being and will be tributed according to the test of individ- ual merit only. dis- Unionism, as applied to business, is as unjust and unnatural, and as detrimen- tal to the development of individual capabilities as when applied to labor. It is the merging of individualities into one common whole for the pose of strangling competition and thereby making it possible for the whole to succeed. It is simply an at- tempt todo an impossibility. As well might men join hands ina vain attempt to reach a good, ripe old age by over- coming the possibilities of accident and disease! A combined effort of this kind would be as efficacious in removing con- stitutional weaknesses and avoiding pre- mature physical collapse as a combined effort on the part of business men would be in destroying the effect of individual incompetency and avoiding business col- lapse. Ask the white headed old veteran of 85 to tell you of the friends of his youth, and learn the story of business. He will tell you that only two or three remain out of the one hundred of his class who started together on the jour- ney of life, each bouyant with hopes of reaching the goal of a ripe old age; but the pathway was so beset with dangerous places and frowning, formidable obsta- cles, that on either side all along the way were to be found the bleaching bones of those who lacked the physical stamina to withstand thetest. Unionism will not cure physical weaknesses, neith- er will it overcome individual incompe- tency in the struggle for business suc- cess. The aim of unionism, in any of its forms, is torob ccmpetition of its legiti- mate prey by the arbitrary fixing of prices, whether it be labor, merchandise or the raw material or product of the manufacturer. The principle is precise- ly the same, whether applied to labor, merchandising or manufacturing. It is aunion, or merging of individualities, which are assumed to be equal in force, into one body, thereby securing a concen- tration of power which can be wielde pur- by the body for the mutual benefit of each of its constituent parts. The sum of this new power which unionism creates is certainly equal to the sum of all of its constituent parts; but, as the parts are not equal in power, the benefit derived by each will be measured accord- ingly; in other words, the individual member will find that his suecess in busi- ness depends, not on his loyalty to un- ionism, but on his own personal qualifi- cations—hence, we find that business failures are not checked in the least, even where unionism prevails in its most perfect form. Indeed, any business man who does not possess sufficient in- dividual capacity to cope with his fel- low men in an open field, will find that, by losing his identity in unionism, he subjects himself to the dictation of others, and this dictation does not and ecan- not make success easier for him. If it comes from those who, by virtue of their superior advantages, are on the road to success it will do him no good; and if it comes from those who are weaker than himself, as it frequently does, it will handicap his efforts and do him a_posi- tive injury. A man who possesses su- perior skill can command and more for his labor than one less skilled; and the retail merchant who possesses the necessary capital and business quali- fications; who knows how to buy, and what and when to buy, will sell more goods and realize a larger profit on sales than his incompetent rival across the street. Adaptation, thorough training, close application and unyielding perse- verance is the highway to success, and unionism will prove a curse to any man who is able to walk therein. Thus we see that unionism injures the competent and cannot save the incompetent. The only excuse for unionism is that of self defense and mutual protection. This has some force now that it has gained a foothold; and class has become pitted against class; but no excuse can be offered for its conception. Wholesal- ers are united for the regulation and maintenance of prices and _ business methods, and retailers join hands for the protection of their interests. Manufac- turers and capitalists erect barriers about their interests, and labor retaliates in the same manner for the protection of its own interests. And so we find the various interests of the country in arms— for that is what unionism means—for the enforcing of what they claim as their rights. Every combined effort of this kind acts as a standing menace to everything outside of it, and the new power thus gained is made use of arbitrarily and without the least re- gard to intrinsic values or the laws which govern supply and demand, in the fixing of prices which are quite often un- reasonable, unnatural and unjust. receive are pleased to Organization forthe purpose of mutual aid and mutual improvement is com- mendable; but combined efforts for the purpose of gagging free and open com- petition by bolstering up prices or en- forcing unnatural trade regulations is wrong in principle, selfish in theory and unjust in practice. Any combined movement whose objects and purposes are purely mercenary will work an _ in- justice to all interests outside of it dur- ing its miserable existence. Self is the only vehicle that ever carried a wan through to success. Cultivate, develop and strengthen it, therefore, and see to it that it breaks not down by the way- side through a lack of knowledge as to the best means of avoiding an obstruc- tion in the highway. E. A. OWEN. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. AMONG THE TRADE. AROUND THE STATE. Rapid River—Baker & Darrow succeed J. A. Baker in the grocery busines. Clifford—J. W. Buffum has purchased the general stock of G. W. Perry. Menominee—J. Powell succeeds Jos. Huilicka in the grocery business. Mendon—Fred Engel has purchased the boot and shoe stock of W. W. Bishop. Bay City—The Ueberoth Crockery & Wallpaper Co. succeed, Ueberoth & Co. Muskegon—August Clug, of the gro- cery firm of Van Zant, Clug & Co. is dead. Delton—Boynton & Norwood succeed Geo. R. Main in the grocery and meat business. Lansing—Hunt & Loyd, grocers, have dissolved, Eberhard Hunt continuing the business. Menominee—M. Telot & Co. have pur- chased the meat business of Hastings & Pellant. Plainwell—S. H. Link has closed his clothing store and moved the stock to Kalamazoo. Rochester—Woodward & Lintz suc- ceed Platt M. Woodward in the furni- ture business. Baraga—J. Gottliebson has removed his general stock from Michigamme to this place. Escanaba—Ed. Erickson ickson Bros. & Blanchett in the cloth- ing business. Constantine—The late Sheldon Bliss, hardware dealer, is succeeded by the Bliss Hardware Co. Battle Creek—The Battle Creek Hard- ware Co. has sold its stock of goods to L. D. Brocket & Son. Daggett—The Wesmton Lumber Co. has sold its general stock of merchandise to Westmon & Dunham. Reed City—William & Niergarth, gen- eral dealers, have dissolved, Henry R. Niergarth succeeding. Kalamazoo—J. H. Roenneau & Co., grocers, have dissolved, J. H. Roenneau continuing the business. Detroit—Major & Isham, produce and commision dealers, have dissolved, Geo. I. Major & Son succeeding. Pewamo—wW. H. Triphagen has opened a grocery here. W. J. Gould & Co. furnished the stock. Detroit—Edw. A. Gott ap- pointed receiver for Wm. Brown & Co., succeeds Er- store has been dealers in trunks, bags, ete. Otsego—Henry Sperry has purchased the interest of his partner, Joseph Der- hammer in their grocery store. CWayne—Steers & Kingsbury, general dealers, have dissolved, C. H. Kingsbury continuing the business. Saranac—Otis & Winslow, agricultural implement dealers, have disolved, La, Ti. Winslow continuing the business. Detroit—Hodgson in hardware and house furnishing goods, are succeeded by the Hodgson & Howard Co. y } Traverse City—Wm. J. Hobbs has pur- | chased the interest of his partner in the! hardware firm of Austin & Hobbs and will | eontinue the business under his own name. Chelsea—Geo. H. Kempf has sold his | stock of dry goods to Holmes & Dancer, of Stockbridge, who have moved it to that place. Chelsea now has only two dry goods stores. Buiternut—C. Cross has & Howard, dealers | retired from | the firm of Cross & Isham, dealers in’ general merchandise and boots and shoes. | The remaining partner, W. Isham, has | formed a copartnership with his father /and the business will be continued un- | der the style of A. R. Isham & Son. | Eastlake—M. J. Pulcher, who has been | identified with the general store of the | Michigan Trust Co. (R. G. Peters Salt & | Lumber Co.) for several years, has sev- lered his connection with that corpora- | tion and embarked in the shoe business on his own account. Cadillae—Herbert Snider and William Hoag have formed a copartnership in the grocery business which they will earry on in the store now occupied by John Carr’s bazaar. They have pur- chased so much of Mr. Carr’s stock of goods as will be available in their line iof trade, but in the grocery and pro- vision line will put in an entirely new stock. Zilwaukee—W. H. Routier, who has conducted a general store here for the past three years, has become financially embarrassed and filed chattel mortgages to different relatives, the amount of which aggregate $1,935. A real estate mortgage for the same amount was given at the same time, thus covering all his property. For some time Routier has been slow in meeting obligations, and at present he is indebted to Saginaw whole- sale houses to the extent of $4,000 or $5,000. Muskegon—The Wm. D. Hardy Co. has made another addition to its stock and April 1, the shoe store of C. L. Dearborn now connected, but in reality separate from the Hardy store, will be a part thereof. Mr. Dearborn will retire from the business and Frank McGough, for a long time connected with the Chi- eago shoe house as manager, will be manager of this store. The Chicago shoe house will discontinue business by that time. Howard City—The contemplated cold storage warehouse, which W. H. Bradley, of Greenville, and C. F. McGeorge of this place, intended to build at Green- yille this spring, for the accommodation of their wholesale egg and butter trade, has been abandoned. They will do busi- ness this season, however, under the new firm name, Bradley & McGeorge, Mr. Bradley continuing to reside in Greenville to look after the business there, while McGeorge will have charge of this end of the line. MANUFACTURING MATTERS. Luke George—The Lovejoy sawmill, recently purchased by W.S. Winegar, started last week. The mill has 2,000- 000 feet of logs on hand. Bay City—Tierney & Fisk are arrang- ing to erect a factory for the manufac- |ture of cigar boxes, which will employ | thirty hands. Harrison—The Clarence Lumber Co. is | operating a lumber and shingle mill, a | logging railroad and a general store at | Clarence, ten miles east of this place. The company owns several thousand acres of land. Bay Mills—The Hall & Munson Co. | recently received two car loads of yellow |pine lumber for the manufacture of doors. It came all the way round from | Pensacola to Boston by sea, and thence to the Soo by rail. Ludington—Repairs on mills rapidly, so that they shall be ready for an early start. ‘The new mill of the all the saw- | here are being pushed forward | | cartier Lumber Co. and Butters & Peters will be among the first to open the sawing season. Detroit—The Detroit Cash Register Co. has been incorporated with a capital stock of $50,000. The amount paid in consists of patents contributed by Will- iam T. and Homer McGraw and legal services contributed by Israel T. Cowles and Thos. S. Jones. They are the in- corporators. Sidnaw—Marion B. Boyd, who had been logging here for G. A. Bergland, recently left for the east, leaving several items of indebtedness unpaid. It is said he owed Mr. Bergland $5,000 and the Twohy Mercantile Co. over $600, and several other creditors various amounts. Boyd came to Sidnaw from Cadillac. Menominee—The Bay Shore Lumber Co. will operate its mill the coming sea- son only 10 hours a day instead of 12 hours, as has been the practice in past years. This will necessitate a curtail- ment of the lumber cut of about 2,000,000 feet. Reports from this company’s log- ging operations are that two weeks’ more work will complete the cut. Only 15,- 000,000 feet will be put in this winter, about 5,000,000 feet less than was banked lastJseason. Last spring the mill had about 8,000,000 feet of logs left over from 1892 to begin work on, which amount was considerably larger than the surplus now on hand. Manistee—There is a decidedly better tone to the lumber market. It looks as though manufacturers had had some in- formation of late that braced them up somewhat, as they feel decidedly stiff as to prices. The prevailing idea seems to be that green piece stuff is going to open at $10.50 to $11 with dry at the usual ad- vance over that figure. Hemlock piece stuff is quite firm at $6.50 on dock here and common inch is held at from $11.50 to $12.50, according to the grade of logs from which it is cut, while a better grade ranges from $16 to $18, according to the amount of pickings. About shingles, there is little doubt at present as to how they are going to open, but the general opinion is that there will be a good deal better market this season than there was last. Notwithstanding the low prices obtained last season there is not the sur- plus on hand that one would imagine. Marquette—A few days ago the Dead River Mill Co., which is the name of the branch of the Cleveland Sawmill & Lum- ber Co. here, purchased from the Muni- sing Iron Co. all of its pine timber in Alger county. - | Build a fence anywhere, and the first boy who comes along will want to climb i it. The Hardware Market. General Trade—With the beautiful spring weather that ushers in March has caused quite a brisk trade in all lines of spring goods. This came very acceptable to the trade, as February was quite a disappointment in the vol- ume of business done. The trade for the month, while it might be called good for the present times, is much be- low that of 1893. There is no special change to note in any prices, as wire nails, barbed wire, window glass, bar iron, rope and all staple lines remain as last week. Buying, however, is done much more freely, as dealers who had not already placed their orders for wire and nails are now anxious to get in at the old quotations, but find it hard work to do so; consequently, they are covering their wants at present prices, as it does seem as though some things must be higher. The appearance of an early spring has cansed a very active demand for agricultural tools, such as rakes, hoes, forks, ete., and if it does not come off cold again, they will came in good play. — The Drug Market. Opium is a little less firm but un- changed. Morphia is expected to advance again in a short time. Nitrate of silver has declined, on ac- count of lower price of the metal. Linseed oil has advanced. Turpentine is lower. _— >< Kuttnauer, Rosenfield & Co., wholesale dealers of Detroit, will hereafter confine themselves to Men’s Furnishing Goods, having closed out their stock of notions. They have recently put in a large man- ufacturing plant and already have se- cured a great mapy orders on their celebrated ‘‘Monroe’”’ brand of pants, shirts and overalls. <--> Perseverance can accomplish wonders, but it cannot make a bad egg hatch. PRODUCE MARKET. Apples—Not enough in market to furnish a basis for quotations. Holders can get most any price for fancy fruit. Beans—Pea and medium are active and strong, with increasing demand. Handlers pay $1.30 for country cleaned and $1.40 for country picked, holding city cleaned at $1.85 in carlots and $1.63 in less quantity. Butter— Dealers pay 18c for choice dairy, holding at 20c. Creamery is dull and slow sale at 25c. Cabbage—#1 per doz. for home grown. Florida stock is coming in freely, being quoted at %& per crate holding from 3 to 4 doz. Cranberries—Jerseys are slow sale, command ing $2 per bu. and $5.75 per bbl. Celery—Home grown commands 15@i8e per doz. Eggs— Dealers pay holding at l4c. Field Seeds-Medium or mammoth clover, $5.75; Timothy ,$1.10; Red Top, 75¢;Orchard grass $1.75; Alsyke, $8.50. Grapes—Malaga are in moderate demand at $4.50 per keg of 55 lbs. net. Honey— White clover commands 14@15c per Ib., dark buckwheat brings 12c. Lettuce—Grand Rapids forcing, 12¢ per 1b. Maple Sugar—10 per Ib. Nuts—Walnuts and butternuts, 75c per bu Hickory nuts, $1.10 per bu. Onions—Handlers pay 4°c, holding at 6c per bu. Cuban stock commands $3 per bu. Potatoes—Handlers still pay 40c for white stock holding at 50c, but there is no twang to the market, as everyone is looking for lower prices and no one wants to get caught when the slump 12%ec for strictly fresh, come. Radishes—Cincinnati stock commands 35c per doz. bu. Spinach—‘75c per bu. crate. Tomatoes—Florida stock is in light request and demand at #1. 25 per 6-basket crate. ¥ « i 7 & «¢ - ? vy 7 - ~ { | -— te ~~ + THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. 5 GRAND RAPIDS GOSSIP. The Star Mills (C. G. A. Voigt & Co.) are again running full time and to their fullcapacity. The mill has received a thorough overhauling. C. Browrell has opened a bakery and grocery store at 238 South Division street. The Ball-Barnhart-Putman Co. furnished the grocery stock. C. Dogger has sold his grocery at the corner of Lyon and Houseman streets to Willard Purchase, who will continue the business at the loca- tion. stock same it is reported that the Crosby estate is withdrawing its interest inthe Valley City Milling Co., being taken by Messrs. Swensberg, Rowe and employes of the company. A. J. Giddings will shortly embark ip the laundry business under the style of the Palmer Laundry. He will have his office at 24 Pearl street and is fitting up a laundry in the brick building at the corner of North Front and West Leonard streets. The tan bark market will probably rule about 50 cents a cord below the prices paid last year, as tanners have more bark on hand than usual this spring, owing to the fact that few of them run to their full capacity during the past year. N. 8, Clark has purchased the stock holdings of W. A. and C. A. Phelps in the Michigan Brk & Lumber Co., which makes him almost sole pro- prietor of the business. The new di- rectors and officers of the corporation have not yet been decided upon. Jacob H. Vanden Bosch has embarked in general trade at Lucas. Foster, Stev- ens & Co. furnished the hardware, Rindge, Kalmbach & Co. supplied the boots and shoes, Voigt, Herpolsheimer & Co. put in the dry goods and the Olney & Judson Grocer Co. furnished the groceries, DD. C. Seribner has ‘sold his “drug stock to John D. Muir and Albert Stonehouse, who wilk form a copartnership for the purpose of continuing the business. The firm name has not yet been decided upon. Mr. Muir will give his personal attention to the business, conducting his Canal street store by proxy. The purchase gives Mr. Muir an interest in two drug stores, while Mr. Stonehouse is owner and part owner of three pharmacies. C. N. Rapp & Co. received a car load of Florida oranges in bulk Monday. The fruit came through in good shape, showing little more effects from the trip than does the boxed fruit. They are being sold by the thousand at anaver- age price of $15. These are the first “bulk oranges’ received in this market, although three carloads have reached Detroit. The old method of boxing and papering the fruit did not, with the present low prices, leave anything for the shippers, who will adopt bulk ship- ments altogether if the present experi- ment proves a success. “If ever anything was run to death it is the trick of putting tiny photographs of actresses into cigarette packages,’’ remarked a cigar dealer, the other day. ‘*My customers fling them on the floor without looking at them. A couple of years ago people used to save them be- cause the children were making collec- tions to see who could get the most of them; but good Lord! even the children have got sick of them. It seems queer that human ingenuity should run to seed as it has with cigarette advertising. The manufacturers started with actres- ses’ photographs, and then tried colored pictures of birds and animals and In- dians and Kings. Suddenly they came back to actresses again. But it’s no use. The pictures are too small. The faces are never large enough to be of any value as portraits, and as for the tights and leg displays—which is all the pictures are printed for—there’s such a possibility as getting too much of one thing, especially when you get afresh one every day for fifteen years, and everyone reminds you of all the others. It’s my opinion that cigarette pictures have made the whole country tired.’’ oe —_ Purely Personal. Geo. D. Lunn, formerly engaged in the drug business at Edmore, is now identi- fied with a produce commision house at Toledo. Fred H. Ball left Monday for Toledo, where he will meet the Secretaries of the Wholesale Grocers’ Associations of Ohio and Indiana. M. B. Carrier, junior member of the firm of Northrop, Robertson & Carrier, manufacturers of baking powder, spices and grocers’ sundries at Lansing, was in town last Saturday, interviewing W. T. Barnard, the local representative of the house. Saginaw Evening News: Eugene Welch and Will McSweeney, two as jolly and hale fellows as one would meet in a day’s walk, spent Sabbath in town. They come from Kalamazoo, but are metropolitan and cosmopolitan enough to hail from the world at large. They carry huge bundles of sunshine with them, which they generously scatter at the feet of their friends. They are never troubled with dyspepsia or the blues and must have discovered that place in Arcadia where the wheel of perpetual joy whirls unceasingly. The ext time these gentlemen visit this city they should be prevailed upon to give a disquisition on how to laugh and grow corpulent. Frank Jewell, of the I. M. Clark Gro- cery Co., isa sportsman. This fact may have escaped the notice of many of his friends, but he is one of the most ardent of Nimrod’s followers. He will take his gun and go fox hunting when the weather is such that if a fox were caught out in it he ought to be shot. One day last week he started out bright and early with his gun on his shoulder and his faithful dog at his heels. ‘*The shades of night were falling fast’? when he re- turned footsore and weary, as becomes a hunter, to the shelter of his own vine and fig tree. That doesn’t read much like a hunting story, but it is true, which most hunting stories are not. Frank was at his desk not far from the usual time the next morning, and, when a lull in business permitted, Sumner Wells asked him, ‘‘Well, Frank, what did you get yesterday?’ ‘I got home,’’ answer- ed Frank. When Sumner recovered con- sciousness, Frank was leaning back in his chair smoking quietly, as though nothing had happened. The report that Phil M. Roedel pro- | poses to retire from the banking business at White Cloud is confirmed by that gen tleman, who writes THE TRADESMAN as follows: ‘‘The information you had was correct and there is very little to add, except to say that I shall locate at San Mateo, Cal., where I have completed ar- rangements to organize a commercial! bank, which, [ trust, by careful, con- servative methods and persistent effort, can be made not only a successful insti- tution but one that shall merit the confi- dence and esteem of the public. My reasons for making the change are partly influenced by the attractions of climate, scenery, beautiful home surroundings, ete., and not wholly from a business standpoint, as during the seventeen years [ have been here my business re lations have been exceedingly pleasant and the thought of severing the many valued business relationships, which have been a source of help and inspira- tion in past successes, as well as through the shadows that at timescross all paths. cause feelings of the deepest regret. ] assure you the future can never dim the pleasant memories of the business ac- quaintances and associations that I shal] leave in dear old Michigan.’’ A. J. Elliott, the grocer, has been going about for some time with his head and both handsinasling. Heaccounted for his dilapidated condition by alleg- ing that he fell down cellar. Mr. EI- liott’s native modesty is responsible for that story. The truthof the matter is as follows: He (Mr. Elliott) has a friend who has always reposed the utmost con- fidence in him and never, until recently, had even the shadow of a reason to be- lieve that Mr. Elliott regarded him with any but the warmest feeling of friend- ship. He is undeceived now, which proves how unreliable is human friend- ship. He entered Mr. Elliott’s place of business one. morning, fully expecting the usual friendly greeting; but, con- trary to his expectations, Mr. Elliott ap- proached him with his never-failing and trade-winning smile and asked him if he had noticed the purity of the oxygen, how inspiriting and exhilirating it was. “Oxygen,” replied his friend, ‘‘exygen? Why, really, 7 Way. interrupted Mr. Elliott, ‘‘it’s the great- est thing in the country for delicate people—miles ahead of Holland gin.” Thus was the friendship of years rudely shocked, and the wonder is that he es- caped with his life. But he did, though he wears a skull cap now, and is other- wise disfigured. This account is au- thentic. <-> - <> From Out of Town. Calls have been received at THE TRADESMAN Office during the past week from the fullowing gentlemen in trade: W. J. Barnum, Velzy. J. D. Noah, Moline. A. J. White, Bass River. J. H. Van den Bosch, Lucas. J. R. Harrison, Gooding. . K. Hoyt & Co., Hudsonville, Northrop, Robertson & Carrier, Lan- sing. Q OE Now Handle ‘‘Green Seal.” The Hazeltine & Perkins Drug Co. has been compelled to follow the ex- ample set by several other jobbing houses and put in a line of ‘‘Green Seal’? cigars, owing to the keen de- mand for this brand at the hands of the retail trade. This is a strong trib- ute to the merits of the goods <> -@- <> Tolman’s Jumbo Java is unequalled. ’*Phone J. P. Visner, Bridge St. House. FOR SALE, WANTED, ETC. Advertisements will be inserted under this head for two cents a word the fi rat insertion and one cent a word for each sub seq uent insertion. No advertisements taken for less than 25 cents. Adv ance payment. BUSINESS CHANCES HAVE 4 VALUABLE PATENT FOR SALE for cash, real estate or merchandise. Prompt attention given correspont de nee Must realize immediately. Address No. 573, care Michigan Tradesman, Grand Rapids, Mich. 573 a SALE—MY STOCK OF TEA, COFFEE and groceries and lease “ store. Old es tablished business. No trad Good ope ning forright msn. Good reasons for se llin d dress Shaw Tea Store, 107 Canal St., Grand Rapids, Mich. 57D .. ee BUY A STOCK OF MERCHANDISE Address box 44 Early Sac County, Iowa. / 570° Tr JF YOU HAVE A STOCK OF MER HANDISE, a farm, or city property, and desire to sell or exchange, we can find you a deal at once. We make a speialty of exchanges, both in farm property and merchandise. Address Brisbin’s Real Estate & Traders’ Exchange Place, Lansing, Mich. 565. F°® SALE—CLEAN GROCERY AND PRO- best business stand in vision stock on thriving manufacturing town in Northern Michigan. Excellent opening for bakery and crockery in connection. Address No. 561, care Michigan Tradesman. 561 | gp SALE—A WELL-SELECTED STOCK of merchandise and fine farm, plessantly located. Store building and dwelling on farm— a choice piece of property. Address No. £66, care Michigan Tradesman. 566 ANTED—BANK STOCK IN ANY GRAND Rapids bank. Must be cheap. E. 4 Stowe, 100 Louis St. 568 7 EXCHANGE—IMPROVED FARMS FOR merchandise. Address No, 559, care Mich igan Tradesman. a9 — RENT—AFTER FEBRUARY 1, 1894, storeroom 21x100 feet; brick; best store and location in town; good opening for drugs and wall paper, hardware or dry goods. Ad dress = &. Tracy, Sturgis, Mich. 844 CLEAN STOCK OF GROCERIES FOR Sale; good trade, cheap for spot cash; the only delivery wagon in town. Stock about $2,500. Investigate. Address box 15, Centre ville, Mich. 820 SITUATIONS WANTED. WANSTED—A POSITION AS FOREMAN Seventeen years ex in ageneral store. perience. Best of references. Address Room 10 Twamley bloc k, Grand Rapids, Mi ch. 574 NITUATION WANTED—BY AN EXPERT KI accountant and book-keeper. Was book- keeper three years for West Michigan Lumber Co., at Park City, Mich., and the last five years with Mitchell, Lewis & Staver Co., of Portland, Ore. Can furnish the best of references. I. D. Lovejoy, Big Rapids, Mich. 576 a TED—THOROUGHLY COMPETENT and experienced young man would like position as book-keeper, cashier or other office work with jobbing or mant ifacturing house. Address ‘‘H”’ care The Tradesman yo. FOR FURNITURE factory making chamber suits, beds, tables, and desks. Must be competent to handle eighty men to advantage and have some knowl edge of designing and drafting. Apply imme diately to E. A. Stowe, 1(0 Louis St | Say V ANTED—A PLACE TO WORK. BY THE month or year on a farm by a steady mar ried man. Please address ‘‘ Reuben,” care Mich igan Tradesman. 562 W: ANTED—POSITION BY EXPERT AC- ae Books opened or closed. Bal enees rendered. Partnerships adjusted and any other work of similar chavacter promptly done. Address N 8, care The Tradesman. 578 W TAN TED—ST TUATION BY PRACTICAL, druggist; registered; married; thirty-five years of age, and experienced as manager. Would take care of paying store for share of profits. Address Box 85, Gobleville, Mich. 564 SAY, MISTER, CAN YOU GIVE ME A JOB by the day or month on your farm? | know my business. Address 49 Dudley Place, Grand Rapids, Mich. 563 A Big Drive IN ALL SILK (SAT. EDGE) RIBBONS. Having purchased a large lot of All Silk Ribbons at the great per- emptory sale in New York for cash, we are enabled to offer you the fol- lowing bargains: No go 40c Mt No. : ee 52¢ No oo 68c #EN Ne 84c Or we will assort you a box each of Nos. 5, 7,9 and 12, at 524c aver- age, and you can select yourown colors. We make a specialty of Ribbons, and you will find that we have the largest and most complete stock of these goods in the State. We solicit your inspection or mail orders. Corl, Knott & Co., 20-22 No. Division St., | GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. THEH MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. The Wool Market. Manufacturers of woolen goods report | business fairly active for the week and a good number of orders booked. ers have, apparently, begun to realize that the market is down to rock bottom, | realize that their orders | and they also must be placed soon if they would get their samples on time. Nowthat buying has commenced, the shrinkage in business is painfully apparent. Manufacturers will not take orders unless upon the condition that a certain number of orders are in hand by the 1 in other words, they be sure that there is something in it for them; and then there are many factories which will not start up at all. duction in prices of many lines is an- other effect of the shrinkage. The effect of this reduction has been to force some lines out of the market entirely, and to completely obliterate the classification of many other lines. Altogether, though business goods is ‘looking mp,” it is badly demoralized condition. prices which have prevailed past have dis- counted the effect of the Wilson Bill should it become law. They have re- sulted in a sweeping reduction in wages, in forcing many manufacturers into re- tirement and many others into temporary stoppages, and with wool down to an export basis, the condition of the market ean hardly be worse. Boston reports an increased movement in wool for the past week, chiefly in fine medium and med- ium. Buying, however, has been fined almost entirely to order require- ments, and next week may develop a retrograde movement. Pulled wools have been the attractions for buyers the New York market the past week. The worsted men have been the heaviest buy- ers, and a significant fact is that they have taken wools which a year ago they would not touch. The tone of the mar- ket has measurably improved and in- dications point to better bnsiness for the future. The Philadelphia market is bearish and manufacturers are waiting the outcome of the tariff decision in Con- gress. They are buying merely for im- mediate wants. Though the wool clip of the United States for 1893 much larger than that of the previous year, there is much less wool in stock than a year ago, which shows that growers are *‘holding on’’ for a raise; but with wool down to free trade prices now and much of the clip still in the hands of growers it is some- what difficult to imagine upon what the expectation of a raise is based. Terri- tory wools will soon be coming forward, the woolen goods business is away be- hiud its usual volume, so that, instead of better prices, it would not be strange if they went still lower. o-.———— Sih: in woolen still in a The low for months con- in was To Dam the Ocean. A novel engineering scheme is now be- ing talked of in England, and it is said that the prospect of putting it through is very good. It is to build an immense dam across the northern entrance to the Irish sea, where the tide flows very strong and high, and to utilize the power by means of water wheels in the dam. The dam would have to be fifteen miles long, and some 300 feet wide at the top. The material for it would be obtained | from the high cliffs on the Irish shore, and it is estimated that the work could be done in three years for $10,000,000. | The depth of water is 474 feet in mid- channel. ——__—»>0—>__—_ Use Tradesman or Supertor Coupons. Buy- | however, the extent of | want to} The re-| Dry Goods Price Current. mRUNONE Ew COTTONS. —— a ee . eS Arrow Brand 4 ge el in eee ox “World Wide. 6 ion a5......... - .......... 4% Atlantic Bocce ee 6x |Full Yard Wide..... 6% -_.. . Gi ceerstia A.......... 6 _ So. 5 |Honest Width...... 6 o a. SC meeeees 5 a a 4%| Indian Head........ 5% 7... .......... tee a Archery Bunting... [xing Beaver Dam AA._ 4x! Sannin ee 4% | Blackstone O, 32.... 5 |Madras cheese cloth ox 5% | Biaek Crow......... 6 Newmarket see | Bieck eck ........ Oe a Ble ae ess 7 si ...... 6% a A. os = Dp.... o% | Cavanat V. x... 6% |; Chapman cheese cl. 3 Notbe R eee 5 (Con Oe......... 544|Our Level Best..... 6 | Comet.. —— 6 Dwight ‘= Ci Pogmet.............. Z Clifton CCC. - Seer... 6 |Top of the Heap.... 7 BLEACHED COTTONS. [e-.hltrtiCi‘aséC‘i‘CésésS 84/Geo. Washington... 8 Amazon.... ........8 /@Glen Mills.......... 7 re... --... S Meee oee......... 7%; | Art Camopric........ 10 |Green Ticket....... 84 | Blackstone AA..... 744/Great Falis.......... 6% ener 4 —— See ee TG an .... —_ Just Ont..... 4%@ 5 Cae. ...-.... . 6%) King Phillip bocce 7% | Cabot, %.--... 6%) or... ver} | Charter Oak.. _ BK Lonsdale Cambric..10 | Conway W... -. Tg|/Lonsdale...... @ 8% | Cleveland ......-... 6 |Middlesex...... Dwight Ancoor.... O [Noe Mame............ 7% “shorts 8 ak Viow........... 6 Edwards. . -_ 6 ur Owe............ 5% oes .... -...,.... 7 |Prideof the West...12 a ... i ............ 7% Fruit of the Loom. 8 jSuntight..... eeeeeue 4% Pichville ...... , = ......... 8% Pires Priae.......... 6 _ Nonpareil ..10 Fruit of the Loom %. uci viny oe. 4.5... 8% Pairmount.......... 4% White poe... .... 6 Full Value. be 6% , hx. - 8% HALF BLEACHED COTTONS. Cabot.. aa 6%| |Dwight Anchor..... 8 Farwell. So TH) CANTON FLANNEL. Unbleached. Bleached. Housewife occa 4| Housewife g oe 6% zB. ° ° = 4 e006 cows 7 6 ss 5 ae 7% “ 64) * : co 5 he Ee TT hc iad dill ‘ Z| - vo 10" " ce ous Thi _ 7. -10% " ..... 7%) - Bocce ues 11% . a“ . 8%} . 2....... “ 2 8%! a 2 * a 94 | “ a E J C rr... 144%) CARPET WARP. Peerless, white.. ...17 |Integrity colored...18 . colored ....19 | White Pe ae ie 7 Inbesrity .......--. 18%] “ colored..19 DRESS GOODS. Bemieen............ © Taeeeiems...... .<... 20 eee ee 9 | ag ce) sce S Rana 25 - Co en 27% GG Cashmere.. ao | _ ce aes... -_.-..- i . oe eee ee | + coenenee 35 CORSETS. Coreen... ....-. 22 #9 50|Wonderful . 84 50 Geeta s.. ...... SGereee.. ........ 47 Davis Welsts..... 9 OiBortrees .......... 9 00 Grand Rapids..... 4 SiAbdominal........ 15 00 CORSET JEANS. — 6% | Naumkeag satteen.. ay Androsco: oggin ese ees 74 |ockport........... 6% Bidderord........-- 6 |Conestoga.. ie 098 Brunswick. .... . 6%| Walworth ...... . 6% PRINTS. Allen turkey reds.. 5i4| Berwick fancies.... 5% — .. 5% /iClyde Robes........ - ink & purple 5 Charter Oak fancies 4% - a ..... 5%/DelMarine cashm’s. 5% . pink checks. 544! ' mourn’g 5% ' mane ...... & |Eddystone fancy... 5% - shirtings ... " 3%] chocolat 5% American fancy.. tou SMI ' rober.... 5% Americanindigo ... 54 ' sateens. - 5% American shirtings. 3% Hamilton — 5% Argentine Grays... 6 S.... oe Anchor Shirtings.. 4 Manchester ancy.. 5% Arnold _ 6 new era. 5% Arnold Merino..... 6 |Merrimack D fancy. 5% . long cloth _ 9% |Merrim’ck shirtings. 4 ' 7%) as Reppfurn . 8% “century caeth 7 |Pactfic —_ ice 5% - peee..... 10% __ an ene 6 ‘* green seal TR 10% Portemouth robes... 6% ‘yellow seal.. a a — . 5% - oo... 11%) rr 2... 5% Turku; red..10%) _ fall G binck. 5% Ballor solid black. Washington indigo. 6% ** colors. “ Turkey robes.. 7 India robes.... 7% nat blue, green, . and orange. i. : . plein Tky i & 8% Berlin eee... .... -10 oil blue...... 6 “ Ottoman Par. “ - green . 0 OY TOR. oo cass « FPoulerds ... 54| Martha amine - =~ 7 | Turke —— a. ™% “s ss ..--. 9%/Martha Washington si “44. oo | Terkevred........ 9% | " - 4EXXX 12 |Riverpoint robes.... 5% | Cocheco fancy. _ > | Windsor a 6% | madders... 5 | “* gold ticket | * Zeiss... indigo blue....... 10% | . oonee...... . meeey........- - | ——xieee. | Amoskeag AC A 12%) A Se eeu de eee 12% | Hamilton _ : Pemberton AAA.. ao ek “10% - Awning. . Swit ae... .... vers eer... foest Miver......... 12 | First Prise.......... 10| Wares he 12% isook Mile .... -... is IC meres .......... 16 COTTON DBILL Deen @......... Meee nae 8 ee = oe Mame........ .. Th | ax... iTop of Heap........ 9 DEMINS. Amoskeag ase eee 12 {Columbian brown. .12 Son. .... 14 Everett, oe eins 12% = brown .14 brown. ....12% sores... .....s. 11% Haymaker blue oes 7% Beaver Creek AA...10 brown... 7% ' Be... , 11% . -.., Lancaster en 12% Boston Mfg Co. br.. 7 Lawrence, oo... .. 13% e blue 8 No. 220....13 * da& twist 10% ' No. 250. -- i Columbian XXX br.10 : No. 280....10% XXX bl.19 GINGHAMB. Ameer. ..... -.-. 6% Lancaster, staple... 5% * Persian dress 64 fancies . . Canton .. 7 - Normandie : ste AveC...... &%/|Lancashire.. = Teazle...10%|Manchester . Angola..10%|Monogram... - 8% ' Persian.. 7 |Normandie.... ie Arlington staple.... 64¢/Persian............. 7 Arasapha fancy.... 4%)Renfrew Dress...... ™% Bates | arwick dres 74%|Rosemont........... 6% staples. 6 |Slatersville......... 6 Cinema oe 10% |Somerset............ 7 Criterion .... ae Cees «....-...--.. 7% Cumberland staple. 5% To Gu Word....... Cumberland.... .... ee... ™% meee... .........., t ‘ geersucker.. 7% —— SOP WEE ne worsen Everett classics..... 8%|Whittenden......... 8 Exposition.......... 74 . heather dr. 7% Caemaree........... 6% - indigo blue 9 Gienarven.... ...... 6%|Wamsutta staples. . oo WE nce econ 7%|Westbrook.......... es... ....... icone 10 Jobnson Vhalon cl %/Windermeer.... .... 5 - inGies bine Dien... Cj... 6% : zephyrs....16 GRAIN BAGS. Amoskone........- = ee —— 14 — e:............... Aare. if Es THREADS. Clark*s Mile End....4 (Barbour's..... ....- 95 Cony, 7. &P....... => (merneirs.... .....- 90 ee eee. ........... 22% KNITTING COTTON, White. Colored. White. Colored ae 6... 38 |No. 14. . 42 a 3¢ “ 16. : 43 40 f desu 4 yea 41 ee 45 CAMBBRICS. eee... 1.5... 4 {Edwards...... .. of ene eer... ....- 4 tLeckwood...... ... 4 ee ee... nn ad, Newmarket......... 4 iBraunswiek ........ 4 RED FLANNEL, i -_ a es R% Creedmore.. ee a Le BR% ‘Talbot Ee... = ee eee... 35 Teele... .. ...... Be ee... -.-. - 55. 32% MIXED FLANNEL, - - sha piaid..@ iGreySRW......... 17% oon gece ee 224%| Western W .........18% es ea et oe 18% 6 oz Western........ 20 |Flushing XXX...... as Meten B............ 22 |Manitoba........... 23% DOMET FLANNEL. Nameless ..... 8 9 le 9 @10% lk 8%@10 eats 12% CANVASS AND PADDING. Brown. Black. Slate. Brown. Black./Slate 9% 2% 914/10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%/11% 11% 11K 11% 11% 11%}12 12 12 12% 12% =, 20 20 Severen, 8 oz........ os TWest on : =. -10% Mayland, 80z....... 10% 1.12% Greenwood, 7% ox.. 9%| Raven, ee. ee 138% Greenwood, 8 ox....11% ca J? eee 13% Boston, § o......... 10%/|Boston, 10 oz........ 12% WADDINGS, Welle, Go.........- 25 |Per bale, 40 doz... .88 50 Colored, dos........ me eee Cg. ese. 7 50 SILESIAS. Slater, Iron Cross... 8 ;Pawtucket.......... 10% Cross....9 |Dundie...... ees a - mee... 10% ree... tL 10% = + Best AA..... 12% Valley ee 10% a 10% ao SEWING SILK. Corticelli, doz....... 85 [Corticelli knitting, wist, doz..4¢ per oz ball...... 30 50 se doz. .40 OOKS AND EYES—PER GROSS No 1Bl’k & White. .10 oe ° ‘ No 4BI’k & ‘Waite. 2 “c 3 oe ae “ 10 “ —— No 2—20,M C....... 50. No 4—15 # 3%...... 40 277 -...-.: —- ‘ON T No 2 White & BI'k.12 No 8 8 White & BI’k..20 = 4 . —— t= - --28 “ 6 . oll 9 - 2B SAFETY PINS. BOR isis ssccceee ones ce .» 86 a . i, ON... Steamboat.... ... —. = aren Bo .. i 3 Gold Eyed ceieeees 1 Meer e.........,.. eee... ......... 1 00 TABLE OIL CLOTH. 5—4....175 6—4.. es --165 6—4...2 30 TTONTWINES. Cotton Sail Twine. = Gees... cs... = WO oo ee cls 12 Rising Star an: Doe ......._... 18% 3p i eee cs = See... 20 Bristol . -.--.13 |Wool Standard 4 plyit% vr Valley. oi 1B Powhetein ......... PLAID OSNABU —..........., 6% Mount ‘Pleasant... - 6% Alamance. . — neida 5 oc cise 7% ee ae as Granite ..... Haw River odo es ec e 5 |Otis checks. AYLAS SOAP MANUFACTURED ONLY BY HENRY PASSOLT, SAGINAW, MICH. —_——_0-—-—_——— This brand has now been on the market three years, and has come to be regarded as a leader wherever intro- puced. See quotations in Price Current. Menthol {nhaler AN’S wiges CURES _ Catarrh, Hay Fever, Ze Headache, ; + Neuralgia, Colds, Sore Threat. The first inhalations ae sneezing, snuffing coughing and headache. This relief is worth the price of an Inhaler. Continued use will complete the cure. Prevents and cures « Sea Sickness On cars or boat. The cool exhilerating sensation follow ing its use is a luxury to travelers. Convenient to carry in the pocket; no liquid to drop or spill; lasts a year, and costs 50c at druggists. Regis- tered mail 60c, from x. D. ‘CUSHMAN, Manufacturer, Three Rivers, Mich. "Guaranteed satisfactory. In large or small quan- tities. Guar- anteedright in every re- spect. Tradesman Company, EATON, LYON & C0, ll NEW STYLES OF U fe & , lonely 20 & 22 Monroe &t., GRAND RAPIDS. Your Bank Account Solicited. Kent County Savings Bank, GRAND RAPIDS ,MICH. Jno. A. CovopE Pres. HENRY ae Vice-Pres. a. . VERDIER, Cashier. K. Van Hor, Ane tC’s’r. Transacts a General Banking Business. Interest Allowed on Time and Sayings Deposits. DIRECTORS: Jno. A. Covode, D. A. Blodgett, T.J.O’Brien, A.J. Bowne, Henry Idema, Jno. W.Blodgett,J. A. McKee, . Verdier. DepositejExceed One Million Dollars, E. Crofton Fox, ™~ + ~~ PY ~ 4 & Aw - «“ 7 ' - vy aaa ~ pe the { a a WARRANTING EDGE TOOLS. My experience bas been that it does not pay the dealer to warrant an edge tool of any kind. There are a great many pocket knives sold that are warranted by the manufac- turer to the dealer who in turn warrants these knives to the customer, and the customer in many cases brings back the knife simply from some little imperfec- tion in the handle, or because he may think it is too hard or too soft. In nineteen cases out of twenty knife is as good as any, but it does just suit the fancy of the customer, since it is warranted he it back and selects another. Of course the deal- er he bought it from will, in order to please his customer, give a fresh knife although he has doubts about the first knife being defective. Finally this good knife, as lots of them are, which are returned to different deal- ers, is sent back to the manufacturer, who is the real loser in the deal if he permits the return. I know personally of one customer re- turning to me four different knives in as many months. The first one I changed because I thought it was really bad; the next two 1 had my doubts about, and, of course, naturally exchanged them, as the customer was a free buyer and I did not want to lose his trade. When he brought the last and fourth knife back I investigated the matter thoroughly, and found that the four knives he had the not and brings re- , turned were really all right, at least they would have been in a mechanie’s hand. The customer himself did not just know why he was not suited, said he thought some of them too hard and others too soft, but the fact of the matter was he wanted to have a new knife any time he felt disposed at some other person’s ex- pense. I do not wish to be understood as stat- ing that all men returning knives are like the customer mentioned, for a good mechanic rarely returns a tool except for just cause, but there are so manyathat are continually changing that a great many knives are returned every year simply because they don’t suit the fancy of the customer after they have used them. In some cases they are returned because they can’t rip the siding off a house, tear up the floor, and pry corks out of bottles with them. This kind of customer, when questioned as_ to the nature of the defect, will only com- mit himself so far as to insist that ‘‘the knife is no good.’’ This same thing has been and is being practiced with all other edge tools, par- ticularly chisels, axes, adzesand plane irons. I have known men that would change a carpenter’s chisel every month, regularly, because it was ‘‘no good,’’ and they had the system down so fine that they would hand it to a different clerk so as to avoid suspicion. No fair-minded person can say that this customer would get a poor chisel all the time, and it is simply a case of the dealer or the manu- facturer keeping this individual in new tools. Saws are sold and they are treated just the same way, as well as axes. Why, I once heard of a man who made it his boast that he chopped down trees in the woods a:l winter, and when the spring arrived he came out of the woods, as he went in, withanewaxe. Thisis another case where a man worked several months and his tools did not cost him anything THE MICHIGAN TRADFSMAN. because the dealer, backed by the manu- facturer, supplied them free by ex- changes. I think there is only one way to stop all this and that is by taking the warran- tee off of all edge tools, of all kinds and descriptions. Let the tools sell on their own merits and the judgement of the buyer and there will be just as many tools sold. It would be a much better ar- rangement for the manufacturer, easier for the dealer, but not quite such a snap for acertain class of trade. Then let the manufacturer forge ahead on the merits—actual merits—of the tools he makes, and not leave the way open for chance to play such an impor- tant part in their selection. Of course there are some tools return- ed that rightfully should be exchanged, but they are inthe minority, and if the warrantee was off these tools the manu- facturer would be more careful and there would be less defective tools, for the reputation of the maker would be at stake. ¥. P. Mreeweny. ea Fifty-Cent Wheat. In Mr. Owen’s recent article on bread, he refers to ‘°50-cent wheat” and alleges that itis from flour made from wheat for which the farmers receive but 50 cents a bushel that bakers in this city make their bread. 1 have already pointed out that bakers do not use Mich- igan flour to any considerable extent, and I wish to supplement that statement by the further one that very little of the wheat ground in Grand Rapids mills is bought for 50 cents a bushel. It is a long time since the farmers of Michigan have supplied anywhere near the amount of wheat required by the mills, the bulk of the supply coming from outside points, so that, even if the price at the point of purchase was 50 cents, freight rates must be added to the cost. Most of the wheat used comes from a distance and costs all the way from 3 to 7 cents per bushel more than wheat bought at the mills, to which must be added, of course, the cost of carriage. There is so little 50 cent wheat ground that it makes no appreciable impression on the mi!l price of flour. The 2 or 3 cents dif- ference in the price of wheat here and ih Canada is, after all, im favor of the Canadian baker, as wheat is actually cheaper there than here. The price of wheat at any milling point is not necessarily the price paid by the mills for the wheat ground, unless enough wheat is received to supply the mills. Evidently Mr. Owen was una- ware of this fact. DANIEL ABBOTT. Hardware Price Current. These prices are for cash buyers, who pay promptly and buy in full packages. AUGURBS AND BITS, dis. Bneire...... Phot weet cocks eal, 60 40 ee ) CUI, TIONED ci L. 50&10 AXES. First Quality, So ewes... 87 00 D. B. Bronze. . — i ‘ SS eee ce 13 50 BARBOWS. . Beseeee 8 14 00 ee es net 30 00 BOLTS. dis. a 50&10 caeuuas nee Oe 75&10 ee -_— Sleigh ee BUCKETS, Wal, eee $3 50 Well, VG, .. 662.6... iccncocce Se BUTTS, CAST. dis. Cast cee Pin, Aeared... cs... ..... 0& red Wrought Narrow, ee 5ast joint aes ecuen 66&.0 Ce ee: ee 60&10 ie HAMMERS. EE 60410 Maydole & Co.’s..... Siesc ee -ccceuecess a dis. 2 Wrought ina oe -— | Kip’s ol, .. dfs, 25 Wargueee Sree... Yerkes & Plumb’s. o.. dis. 40&10 eee ee 70810 | Meson’s Solid C ast Steel....... .80c list 60 Blind, aes 70&10 | Blacksmith’s Solid Cast Steel Hand... .30c 40&10 CO EEE Ee 70 | HINGES. + (oem (oe 8 28 ...................., dis. 60&10 ee sate per doz. net, 2 50 Ordinary Tackle, list April 1892..... ..... 60£10 | Screw Hook and Strap, to 12 In. 4% 14 and CRADLES, ew Hoc - a z rat 3% CO dis. 50&02 | Screw Hoo and Eye, net 10 Grain is 3G.. ek | Sie CROW BARS. ee ss “ ag "net 7% —— lll rears 5 | © ' ay % oe CAPS, | StrapandT.... ec .. dis. 50 ; an. | HANGERS. dis. at 4 Ca a“ | Barn Door Kidder Mfg. Co., Wood track... .50410 i. “ 35 | Champion, anti-friction...... a eG 0 | Kidder, wood track «...----- 7 | LOW WARE. CARTRIDGES. | POUR. ns eensseessosssesennseee [ ..60&10 Oe 50 | Kettler. . .. . 60&10 —....hCUC; dis. 25| Spiders _ ' . «+» -GOGEle CHISELS. dis, | Gray enameled.......... .- 40810 ENA AS eO Oe 75&10 | stamped noes Fu pitas amen Soares Pramre............:.... 75&10 | Japanned Tin Ware.. on Socket Corner....... cs W5&10 Socket Slicks . —. Butchers’ Tanged ie _. p COMBS. dirs Carrs, Pawreneer........................ : 40 Ce 2 CHALK. White Crayons, per gross.......... 12@12% dis. 10) COPPER, Pianished, 14 oz cut to size... .. per pound =_28| 14 ee, Wate, PON ................ 26 Cold Rolled, 14x56 and 14x60. : 23 Cold Rolled, ee. ............. _. 23 ae 25 DRILL8. dis. Monee i Meee... ...... 50 Taper and straight Shank.... 50 Moee se Vere Suene...................... i 50 DRIPPING PANS. Bell Sens, AO POUNG ...................... 07 [epee wes, por pound...... ......... ..... G& ELBOWS. oes & peeee Cia...............,... doz. net ] ee dis ee Se dis. 40810 EXPANSIVE BITS. dis. Clark's, small, $16; larce, 26..............- 30 Ives’, 1, 818: 2, #24: See... ............... 25 FILES—New List. dis. eee 60&10 mow Biecrreee ee L, 60&10 OE EE 60410 oe 50 Hierecr B teorme eee .. .. -..- 50 GALVANIZED IRON. Nos. 16 to 20; 22 and 24; 2% and 2%; 27 28 List 2 13 14 15 16 17 Discount, 60 AUGES. dis Stanley Rule and Lend Ca."s. “ KNOBs—New List, dis. Door, mineral, jap. trimmings .............. 55 Door, porcelain, jap. trimmings............ 55 Door, porcelain, plated trimmings.......... 55 Door, porcelvin, i 55 Drawer and Shutter, porcelain............. 70 LOCK8—DOOR. dis. Russell & Irwin Mfg. Co.’s mew Hing 1c . 55 Mmaliony, Wuemer & Co.s................... 55 eee 55 i . 55 MATTOCKS. ee ee $16.00, dis. 60 Meee ee, $15.00, dis, 60 (Ee $18.50, dis. —" Sperry & Co.’s, Post, ‘sae. aa MILLS. dis. Coffee, OE 40 P.8. & W. Mfg. Co.'s a 49 * §=6lLaendoerm, Very & Cierh’s............ 40 « Enterpras ... Reece 30 MOLASSES. GATES. dis. Bees Peteere.................-.. «sna +> COMO Stebbin’s Genuine.......... . -60&10 Enterprise, self-measuring............ 2 NAILS Advance over base, on both Steel and Wire. CO EE 150 OO EE a 1 50 ee Base Base 10 25 25. 35 45 45 50 60 75 90 1 20 1 60 1 60 65 7 90 7 90 wo an 1 10 citgens ti Se 7 80 . 8 90 Mersey .. 1%5 PLANES. dis. en Poet Cee Meee... . ts @40 ES Ee 2 Sandusky Tool Co.'s, fancy................. @0 OEE @40 Stanley Rule and eee Co.’s wood. 50410 ee dis. “= Seas a dis. RIVETS. aun OOOO CO eee Copper Hivots and Bur.........-.......... 50—10 PATENT FLANISHED IBON, “A” Wood's — a ned a. _ = 27 * _ o#. 0 8 et per pound extra. ‘ ‘B” Wood's Broken ha... ... _ 70&10810 Screw meee... - -70&10&10 Hook’s. 70810810 Gate Hooks and Eyes.. 70810810 LEVEL dis.79 Stanley Rule and Level Co, os ROPES. | Sisal, a ee 7% Manilia....... dated eete uence, ED 8QU ARES dis, Becei aud Irom... 8... ona 73 Try and Bevels ee ee ee 6¢ Mitre . Ce ue 26 SHEET IRON, Com. Smooth. Com. Nos ite 14........ Leder totes eo Oe 2 95 Barwa ................ 3 05 Do 4 05 8 05 Bos wtom 4 05 3 15 Nos. 25 to 26 4 3 3 25 No. 27.. : 45 33 All sheets No. 18 and lf ghter, over 20 {nches wide uot less than 2-10 extra SAND PAPER. races... Gis. 5a SASH CORD. Silver Lake, wome sl. list 5G Eee Bl ., . 55 . White B.. pee ce eee. 50 . Drab @....... oe. 5f / Wartec..... ......, ..... “ 35 Discount, 10, SASH WEIGHTS, oid Byem....... ls, - per ton $25 SAW8 dis. _ Hand. 20 Silver Steel Dia. ¥ ‘Cuts. ‘per Hoek... 70 " a Steel Dex X Cuts, per foot. 50 - — ecial Steel Dia. X Cuts, per foot.. 30 . ion and Electric Tooth X Cuts, per foot. el “TRAPS, dis. Steel, Game..... eo Oneida C ommunity, Newhouse’s....00.007, 35 Oneida C ee — & wT 8. 70 Mouse, choker.... . . .18¢ per dos Mouse, del NNT "81.50 per dos WIRE. dis. Bright Market.. Ee Annealed Market. Sc . 20-10 104 Granite Iron Ware ....... new list 33% &10 WIRE GOODS. dis. Copporog Marzcet...................... i. oo oe eee................... . Coe Coppered Spring Steel. 50 Barbed Fence, galvanized... Lee painted .. ests. | HORSE NAILS. a oe... --dis. 40&10 Puenee......... - —. dis, 05 [—— dis. 10410 WRENCHES. dis. Baxter’s Adjustable, nickeled.. eee 30 Coew Gemuene.... 50 Coe’s Patent Agricultural, wrought,. . 75 Coe’s Patent, malleable... -T5&10 MISCELLANEOUS, dis. Bird Cages ...... a 5U Pumps, Cistern.. Le i 75&10 Screws, New List... -. .. con Casters, Bed a d Piste.. + «oan - OMRIOGERO Dampers, American.. . 40 Forks, hoes, rakes and all steel. goods. ewe. 6E&10 METALS, PIé TIN. Fig i. eae eon ee ceee cs 26¢ Pig Bars.. oe eee 28¢ ZINC. Duty: Sheet, 2%c per pound. Col pound Caskey. ................. oc | oo ree poune....... |. es eee cee q SOLDER. 40% - co a Extra Wi ing . Be eee 1 The prices of the many other qualities of solder in the market indicated by private brands vary according to composition. ANTIMONY Cookson......... dt etedewedcce.++-DGE DOUG ON ' 1 TIN—MELYN GRADE. € 10x14 IC, Charcoal ee eee uaa oe 8750 14x20 IC, ee 7 50 10x14 x ol ne 9 25 14x20 Ix, . om Each Caattonsl X on this grade, 81.75, TIN—ALLAWAY GRADE. 10x14 IC, Charcoal . ee %5 14x20 IC, gens 75 loxis Tx, _ ees eedeeecteceetaeceaccc. oe 14x20 T mi . 928 aon additional X on this grade $1.50. ROOPING PLATES 14x20 IC, m WGEGGMsOE.................. @ Oe 14x20 IX, oS 8 50 20x28 IC, c . sci ccee oO bre Es, i Allaway Grade........... & 00 oe + hU6mthmUlUS 20x28 IX, “ . ee eal 15 50 i BOILER SIZE TIN PLATE. OE ne oe) mit neteeceesececess cons 15 00 oe for No. a et | per pound 10 00 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. MICHIGAN TRADESMAN cx 4 WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE Best Interests of Business Men. Published at 100 Louis St., Grand Rapids, — BY THE — TRADESMAN COMPANY. One Dollar a Year, Payable in Advance. ADVERTISING RATES ON APPLICATION. Communications invited from practical busi- ness men. Correspondents must give their full name and address, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Subscribers may have the mailing address of their papers changed as often as desired. Sample copies sent free to any address. Entered at Grand Rapids post office as second- ‘lass matter. je" When writing to any of our advertisers, please say that you saw their advertisementin THE MicHicaN TRADESMAN. E. A. STOWE, Editor. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 7, 1894. THE WEAKNESS OF THE NAVY. Although the United States has spent considerable money in recent years in providing new ships for the navy, there are many evidences that, although we now possess a number of splendid ves- sels and will soon have more, there are yet many additions needed to make our navy an ideal establishment. Of the new vessels already built or in process of construction, there is a liberal supply some battle-ships of large size cruisers, and coast defense vessels, but very few small cruisers or gunboats. There is no denying that the country needs all the eruisers and battle- ships now possessed by the Navy De- partment, many more properly protect our coasts and growing foreig: Large also needed in cases where foreign imperil American interests, for stance, in the existing war in Brazil; but large and besides, to commerce. vessels are wars as, in- for ordinary cruising purposesin distant waters, small size cruisers and gunboats are So limited is vessels that are left practically unprotected, The her wanted. supply of sta- the many important present such tions because there are no suitable ships. loss of the old Kearsarge, while on the the revolution in Central America, De- vessel to way to scene of leaves the Navy without a suitable A light-draft ship is One or vessels should be always stationed in the partment supply her place. needed for such service. more Gulf of Mexico ready to proceed to any point in Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, or northern coast of South Ameriea, where trouble may exist or the presence of an American war vessel may be needed to look after American in- terests. light-draft vessels is the American Quite a fleet of needed in Chinese waters and along Asia to look after commerce in those portions of the world. Behring Sea also small cruisers. On coast of needs one the whole, or more a very much larger number of these smail ships | are needed than the Navy Department now possesses or will possess when all those now building will be completed. The advantages of these small ships over larger vessels for eruising in dis- 'tant waters are many. Inthe first place, | they can easily enter shallow harbors ;}and navigate rivers; secondly, they re- | quire repair; thirdly, they need | smaller erews, and, finally, are more | economical to maintain. When provided | with a high-power modern armament, | these small vessels can be made very | formidable, and, for the ordinary duty of | protecting commerce and maintaining | respect for the flag, they serve quite as well as the larger and more costly ships, which, being built with a view solely to their fighting qualities, are naturally neither economical nor adapted to ser- vice in shallow waters. | | less The last Congress realizedthe need of small vessels, and provided for the con- struction of three additional gun-boats, or light cruisers. The present Congress, while authorizing one or more big ships, would do also authorize a few more cruisers or gunboats. Such vessels can be rapidly constructed, and they will fill whatis now the most pressing need of the navy. well to small size THE HATCH ANTI-OPTION BILL. Representative Hatch, of Missouri, has succeeded in having the anti-option bill, introduced by him some time ago, trans- ferred from the Ways and Means Com- mittee to the Agricultural Committee by a direct vote of the House. As it is purported to be a revenue measure, it should properly have gone to the Ways and Means Committee, but the House by a large majority decided otherwise. With the biilin the hands of the Agri- cultural Committee, of which Mr. Hatch is Chairman, a favorable report to the House is practically certain, and if the vote given on the subject of reference be accepted as a test vote, the measure will pass by a large majority. It is not, however, safe to assume that the mem- bers who vote for reference to Mr. Hatch’s committee will vote for the bill on final passage. Besides many develop- ments are possible before the bill is fin- ally disposed of by the lower house. Mr. Hatch evidently had his confidence severely shaken as to the constitutional- ity of his pet bill. During the last Congress the measure was urged as a prohibitive law, pure and simple. Now Mr. Hatch has changed front and disclaims any ‘of prohibiting trading in futures and options, claiming that his bill is arevenue measure, pure and simple. To make this illustration more plausible, the bill is accompanied by minute provisions as to the use of in- ternal revenue stamps, the character and amount of taxes to be imposed on the different sorts of contracts. No one is likeiy to be at all deceived by claims set up by Mr. Hatch that his bill is a revenue measure. The fact that he was unwilling to have it referred to the Ways and Means Committee, the body to which revenue bills properly be- long, is conclusive proof that he himself distrusts its merits as a revenue meas- ure. Thatitis really prohibitive will be readily seen by an analysis of the taxes it proposes to impose. | In the first place, the bill demands that intention \file a bond with the Government of | $10,000. Secondly, a tax of 2 cents per | pound is levied upon every pound of cot- jevery dealer in options or futures shall | ton or pork, and 10 cents on every bushel undesirable risks are not cents a pound on pork would mean a tax of $4 per barrel. That no trading would be possible under such a tax is obvious, hence to claim that the bill is a revenue measure is perfectly absurd. That the bill is unconstitutional there can be not the smallest doubt. In the first place, itis an attempt to regulate public morals, a duty which belongs to the States alone; and, in the second, it is strictly class legislation, as there is a clause in the bill which provides that none of its provisions shall apply to farmers or planters. As THE TRADESMAN has already re- marked in previous articles it is extremely unfortunately that the business interests of the country should be harassed by such a succession of hostile measures as have been initiated by the present Con- gress. The anti-option bill is calculated to do great harm, and, should it pass, in- stead of improving prices, as its promo- ters claim, it will be certain to add to the depression existing in agricultural products. The unpopularity of the recent raise in insurance rates is not confined to this city, it seems, but is as general as was the raise itself. From all parts of the coun- try complaints are coming in of the un- fairness of the action of the boards of underwriters in apparently discriminat- ing against the more desirable classes of risks in favor of the undesirable classes. The ‘thow!]” is not alone ‘‘from the in- surance (?) editors of country papers,’’ as asserted by the Detroit Indicator, nor is it ‘‘to protect the interests of the ‘dear people’ from the bloated insurance trusts and monopolies.’’ So far as this journal is concerned, the compliants have come from prominent business men, who are the heaviest insurers in the city and who have complained, not so much of the raise itself, which appeared to be inevitable, but of the inequality and unfairness of the raise. They are men who know the value of insurance, what it ought to cost and what consti- tutes desirable or undesirable insurance. They insure, not to make money out of the insurance companies, but to protect themselves against loss, and it is to be presumed that, in a majority of cases, at least, are anxious to do everything to protect the risk as well as their property. A good risk ean always get more insur- ance, and at a lower rate, than a poor one, and this fact is known as well by those who carry insurance as by those who write it. Moreover, the owner of a risk is more concerned about keeping up the character of the risk than is the agent who writes the policy, whose chief concern appears to be his commission. It is a well-known fact that agents have time and again refused to represent cer- tain companies that objected to the character of some of the risks taken by the agents. The companies must take the poor with the good, or take none at all. The reason is obvious—the agent’s commission is larger on the poor than on the good risk, the rate being higher. This indiscriminate writing of risks by the agents is responsible for a consider- able percentage of the losses sustained by the companies, which losses it is now proposed to make up by a general raise of rates on all classes of risks. Just why desirable risks are taxed to pay the losses on undesirable, or why the compelled to | of grain sold for future delivery. Two | carry their burden, now is not known. It is very certain, however, that desira- ble property can always get all the in- surance it needs without paying rates on firetraps, and it may be taken for gran- ted that this fact will be impressed upon the minds of insurance men. Policy holders are not ‘‘howling” against a just and equitable rate, but they do object to paying big premiums on good risks to make up the losses on bad ones. So much has been said and written in recent years in denunciation of National banks, that it isof interest to note the relative effect of the panic on the three classes of banks doing business in this country—National, State and private in- stitutions. The total number of bank failures during 1893 amounted to 534. To this total National banks contributed 154, State banks 184, and private banks 196. The total liabilities of the sus- pened National banks was $68,687,000, while the total liabilities of both State and private banks was but $61,000,000. The fact that the liabilities of the National institutions was in excess of the liabilities of both State and private banks is accounted for by the great ex- cess of capital controlled by the former over the latter. When the number of suspended National banks which were enabled to reopen their doors is com- pared with the number of the other classes of banks which resumed business, the figures will be seen to be largely in favorof the former. Of the 154 sus- pended§National banks, ninety-seven, or about 66 per cent., resumed business by Jan. 1; of the 184 State banks which closed their doors, fifty-two, or about 33 per cent., resumed; while of the 196 pri- vate bank suspensions, only thirty-six, or 20 per cent. of the whole, resumed. The proportion of liabilities of suspended banks to the whole will be found to be about the same percentage. In other words, fully two-thirds of the suspended National banks were soon on their feet again, while only about one-third of the State banks and less than one-fifth of the embarrassed private banks were enabled to resume. Whatever may be the reason for it National banks, according to the above showing, possess much the greater recuperative power, a fact worthy of consideration and one which is ecom- mended to the attention of those who de- nounce the governmental! banking system as an unmixed evil. The employes of the Pittsbueg, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railway at Fort Wayne felt very comfortable last Saturday when they were paid off in nice, crisp, new bills issued by the Youngstown, Ohio National Bank. They felt differently, however, Monday, when they undertook to spend some of their nice new money. People to whom it was offered, finding that the signature of the cashier of the Bank was missing from the bills, refused to take them. It occasioned a great deal of trouble, but it was remedied. It was just a careless mistake of the cashier, and as soon as it was called to his atten- tion he hastened to make arrangements to redeem the defective money. Legality of the State Peddling Law. The State statute relative to peddlers and hawkers will be put to a test in the Ottawa Circuit Court at Grand Haven March 12, when the case of the People vs. Martin Van dere Leas, appealed from justice court at Hudsonville will be tried. THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. 9 AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE. The present age of civilization has often been charged with its inability or failure to originate a style of architect- ure, and this is cited as a special mark of artistic weakness. The reproach is just nolonger. The stilted or climbing style is the architect- ure of the Twentieth Century. Bornin the last years of the Nineteenth, the Twentieth Century will be ushered in with its sun shining on the summits of rectangular buildings which mount higher into the sky than did the obelisks and spires of the earlier ages. This lofty, square-box house construction is wholly Awerican. Architecture is a race evolution rather than art outgrowth. It is an expression of the ruling desire of a people backed by their force and energy. It is more or less tempered by the taste and culture of the race, but people do not build merely for the display of their art. The grand objectis shelter. They first em- ploy the material simplest and easiest to procure, and they workin that. When costlier material and higher art obtain, they work upon the original models, only they idealize them. The architecture of the Chinese is doubtless a reproduction of the tent in universal use among the Tartars of the great steppes, but it is wrought out in wood, stone or porcelain, - The temples of India, pyramidal or conical, with in- numerable pinnacles, covering vast in- terior vaults, whose roofs are supported by colossal images of men and beasts, simulate the mountain peaks and cay- erns of the towering Himalayas. Possi- bly the early inhabitants of India were troglodytes, or cave-dwellers. When their art was transported to Egypt, it was repeated in the pyramids, and the low, cavernous stone temples of Abou Simbel and Karnak. The Greeks borrowed their architect- ure from Egypt, but their purer art and freer spirit lightened and idealized it. They exchanged the dark granite for white marble; they made the roofs loftier and lighter, the columns taller and more slender, and they substituted the volute of a shell and the acanthus leaf for the lotus capital of the Egyptians. The Romans, who invented nothing—a nation of robbers having ravished every coun- try of its wealth and art—took the Greek styles in architecture, as they took the Gceek mythology in religion, and made them both more gross and more simple. | The Roman builders eliminated the oval and epicycloid curves of Greek architect- ure, and introduced in their places the ares of circles, while they reduced the refined sociability of the Greek Olympus to the level of a bagnio. The Gothic architecture is said to be modeled on a forest of lofty trees with arching branches. So, toe, is the Arabic or Saracenic. ‘Those children of the desert, dreaming of shady groves and sparkling springs of water, wrought out their desires in the multitudinous pillars | of their mosques and palaces, supporting | low arches, under which there was al-! ways a jetting fountain. The old Goths | and Germans, dwelling in the vast forests of northern Europe, might well have) drawn from them the inspiration of their | clustered columns and _ lofty, arching | branches, among which the sunlight | glimmered as throughthe dim windows) of a venerable cathedral. But the architecture of the Twentieth | that the public confidence, overthrown | ceased to operate. Century, the American style is, as has been said, of the square-box type, ten to twenty stories high, prove its commercial inspiration, forth the asviring and ambitious nature of our people to get higher in the world than any other race. Standing square against the buffeting of wind and rain, raising its lofty roof to the sun, all its lines are perpendicular; there is no taper; there are no curves; all its forms are rectangular. Beautiful in no sense, there is still a sort of insolent majesty in their loftiness, and an expression of sturdy stubbornness in their eternal squareness. These, after all, are Amer- ican characteristics. They defy the storm, conflagation and the earthquake; nevertheless they are by no means safe from either. No wild tornado has yet been faced by these lofty structures. They have not yet made their record against fire. As for the earthquake, it has not been con- sidered in their construction. The oscil- lation of a fraction of an inch at the sur- face of the earth will be multiplied into feet at the height of ten or twenty stories. ‘‘But there are no earthquakes,” we are told. It may be, notwithstanding the records of California and the New Madrid convulsions in the heart of the Mississippi valley, in the beginning of the century, that earthquakes are not to be expected in the regions where the lofty box-houses of New York and Chi- eago stand so thickly. Nevertheless, there is no guarantee against the earth- quake. There is no country with a his- tory that has escaped. Our annals ex- tend to four centuries, but they are wholly fragmentary for most of that time. The testimony of ancient and most tremendous convulsions is seen in many localities. What has happened is again possible. Apropos of this, Prof. Falb, of Vienna, supposed to be a scien- tific connoiseur, is said to have foretold terrible earthquakes for New York next August. Probably this prognostication is not to be considered seriously; but, nevertheless, earthquakes are always possible. There are buildings in Europe and Asia that have stood for many cen- turies. Notsoin America. The square- box architecture of to-day has yet to make its record of stability. ARMY OF THE UNEMPLOYED. Never before in the history of this country have the demands of charity been so exacting and been met so generously as during the past winter. A million of men and women who have been accus- tomed heretofore to earn an honest live- lihood by their labor have been in the position of paupers, compelled to depend on charity, where formerly they had en- joyed the privilege of living by the work of their hands. To-day there is no work for them, because a vast number of fac- tories, mills and mines were closed by the financial panic of last summer. Since then there has been no general re- vival of trade. It was generally hoped, as it had been given out, that in afew weeks, or months at most, the trouble would all be over and business resume its ordinary chan- nels. Those who remembered the dis- astrous financial convulsion of 1873 knew from experience that any prospect of an early recovery from the effects of the late panic was hopeless. They knew Built in the fash- | ion of a mercantile packing case, to | it sets | in a moment, could not be restored until after the lapse of years. They knew that the that had been crushed out and the industries that had been destroyed could not, save by slow degrees, be rebuilt and rehabilitated. The supposition that as soon as the suspended and closed banks should re- open their™doors and recommence the payment of what they owed to deposit- ors and other creditors, that of itself would restore confidence, was a vain one. The hopes built upon it were all disap- pointed, and to-day, in every large city of the North and West, enormous public charities are maintained to keep the army of the unemployed from freezing and starving. In New York, Chicago, Phila- delphia, Boston and many other cities the chief topic of interest is the main- tenance of these charities. The amount dispensed in this work is not less than $1,000,000 a week for the whole country, and this, let it be understood, is in ad- dition to the ordinary demands that are made every winter for help to the suf- fering. It seems to be a providential dispen- sation that at this moment of supreme distress the price of flour is remarkably cheap. Never in the history of this country has wheat reached as low a fig- ure in the markets. This in one sense, a great blessing, because every charity dollar is able to buy just somuch more than ever before of the staff of life; but low prices are not, and never were, a sign of prosperity. They only advertise the inability of the people to buy. It makes no difference how cheap commodities are when the people have no money with which to buy. Low prices of staple products are always a sign of general distress. They declare the fact that a great body of the people are earning little or no money, and this is the greatest misfortune that can come to them. There is no decrease in the amount of money in the country. The banks are stuffed and loaded with it; but the trouble is, it is not invested in trade. It is not placed where the people can get it. And it is not likely that any laws that Congress can pass will change the situ- ation. The repeal of the Sherman silver law did not, as some sanguine people hoped it would, restore financial confi- dence and promote prosperity, any more than it can be held responsible for the general distress that pervades the coun- try. What the repeal of the Sherman law did was to put the country, which had been drifting to a silver basis, upon a gold money standard. This is all. It assured the nation’s creditors that all its debts would be paid _ in gold, or be maintained as good as gold: but that faet does not stimulate commerce. Something else is required. Probably there never was a time when business was so active and fortunes were made with such rapidity as during the last years of the civil war, and for several years afterwards. That was a time when the paper money of the Government was only worth from $2.80 to $1.40 for $1 The vast war contracts had enormously stimulated in- dustries and commerce. It was the ex- traordinary activity of business, not the enterprises is, in gold. But the finally asserted itself. stimulus of the war Finally the bottom done, that produced results. money siandard The wonderful dropped out of business; the speculating bubbles burst, and the finances had to come toa gold basis, which was called ‘‘resumption.’’ The country cannot come out of its present stagnation save by slow degrees, and it should be the aim of eyery good citizen to do all that lies within his power to hasten the return of prosperity by buying as freely as possible, employing as much labor as possible and continu- ally ‘‘singing the song of good times,” instead of brooding over the present distress and looking towards the future with gloomy forebodings. ‘“‘Do you take this man for better or for worse?’’ asked the minister. ‘‘l can’t tell until [ have had him for a little while,’’ returned the bride. ——————— Some of the best friends the devil has belong to church. Before You Buy SEE THE SPRING LINE OF FINE GOODS MANUFACTURED BY ’ DETROIT, MICH. ——o—_——. A FEW OF OUR NEW SPECIAL- TIES IN OXFORDS ARE: The Juliet Bootee, Three Large Button Newport, Southern Tie and Prince Alberts. 0 Dealers wishing to see the line address F. A. CADWELL, 67 Terrace Ave., Grand Rapids, Mich. Lemon & Wheeler Company, Agents, Grand Rapids. PEA BEANS FROM | “7. LAMOREAUK J A Sy Se & DRAWS. / ms SEND US YOUR BEANS, quality of the money with which it was | WE WANT THEM ALL, NO MATTER HOW MANY. WillAlways Give Full Market Value 10 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN THE UNIVERSAL PROVIDER. From the Dry Goods Economist. The name of William Whiteley is a household word in the West End of London. There are bigger and finer stores than his in Paris and New York, but the actual parallel of William White- ley’s establishment does not exist on the | globe. His is neither a dry goods store nor a mazasin de nouveautes; the word draper does not apply to him; he is just what he describes himself—a universal provider. I have labored hard to find something that the Universal Provider does not provide, and I have not been successful. He takes you at your birth and provides for you throughout your life, from the cradle to the grave. He will clothe you from head to foot (this goes without saying) in silks or satins, broadcloth or fustian. He is draper, silk mercer, milliner, tailor, hat- ter, shoemaker, furrier, dealer in calicoes and linens, haberdasher, hosier, dress- maker, glover, all in one. He provides the layette for the ‘“‘little stranger,” the schoolboy’s outfit, the girl’s wedding trousseau. If you are bound for the colonies, he will sell you clothes and firearms, seeds and agricultur- al implements; take your berth in the next ship which sails to the antipodes or elsewhere; pack and forward your trunks, and insure your life on sea and on shore. When you marry and settle he gets you a house and will furnish it, from attic to basement. Of course, he has provided your mother-in-law with the wedding breakfast and that superb erection, the wedding cake. He has printed the invi- tations, and made the boquets for the bride and bridesmaids. He makes a specialty of wedding presents. Through his intervention you can rent a lodging or a villa wherein to pass your honeymoon. Ifon traveling intent, there is an office for the sale of tourists’ tickets to every part of the world. You can stock your cellar with coal and wood, his wines and beers. will lay in gas or electricity; put up lightning conductors, and cowls on smoky chimneys. Of course, he sweeps chimneys, beats carpets, paints houses inside and out, puts in ranges, throws out conservatories, lays out gardens, and sees to your drains. You bank with him, and with him in- sure your house against fire. He will build you a carriage or a boat; he sells his He and loans pianos and other musical in-| struments: he will remove your goods and chatteis from one house to another, or from ene county to another. There is even aservants’ and governesses registry attached to the establishment. Should you want to give a dinner par- ty ora ball, Whiteley everything in the best style. He has waiters on band and neat-handed parlor- inaids for the coffee and tea department. It is even whispered that he will pro- vide dancing men at so much per head, warranted stylish, but I cannot vouch for the truth of the report. One of your staff, who happened to be in London this week, asked me if there was a matrimo- nial department, and if the Universal Provider undertook to provide wives for bachelors and husbands for spinsters at a valuation. Well, I have no doubt he would do it at a pinch. One of the of the establishment is that where the fresh provisions are sold; where lie fish fresh from ocean and river; where hang the carcasses of beeves and sheep, pigs and calves, fattened on the Whiteley pas- turages; where cheeses perfume the air— British cheeses, French Rochefort, Swiss gruyere and Italian gorgonzola; where there are new-laid eggs, milk and cream from Whiteley’s dairy, poultry from his farm, and vegetables from his market gardens. Alongside of it runs the grocery and bakery departments. Fruits of the East and the West Indies are sold at the upper end, and down by the door a division is railed off for the sale of tobacco and ci- gars. Confectionery and sweetmeats occupy the next gallery, and very bright and pretty it looks in all the bravery of its Christmas decorations. It opens into a tea room, where exhausted customers re- undertakes to do} most remarkable divisions | | that cheers.’’ There is a restaurant attached also, ;number of his employes, Formerly his | establishment used to be famed for the | | tire to restore themselves with “the cup | American manicure and chiropodist to the | (if Taterest {0 Bookkeepers ° but this is in quite a different part of the building and is reached by a passage and across a yard (not by a subway, as in some other London shops), where hot and cold luncheons and early dinners are served. Parly to avoid giving umbrage to the Blue Ribbonites and partly to save taking out a special license, wine, beer | and spirits are not included in the bill of fare; but as Mr. Whiteley is a dealer in alcoholic liquors, persons who are in the secret will purchase bottles of beer or wine at one end of the shop and consume their own property at the other, after an accommodating waiter has removed the cork. Vast kitchens underlie a portion of the premises, for the supply of the restau- rant and the daily meals of hundreds of assistants, and also for cooking the din- ners, suppers and separate dishes, bak- ing the pastry and making theices which are among the many things the public is wont to demand at the hands of the Uni- versal Provider. As you imbibe your afternoon tea the scent of sweet flowers is wafted toward you. Beneath tall palms in the adjoining conservatory the flowers of the season are retailed, or deft-fingered damsels twine them into gay garlands and posies, or the sad crosses aud wreaths we pile on the eoffins of our departed relations and friends. Mr. Whiteley not only under- takes mourning wreaths and mourning raiments, he also furnishes the pomp and circumstances of funerals. Nor would his store be complete with- out a drug department any more than if he left out scents and soaps, cosmetics and hairdyes frem his list. He will measure you for a wooden leg or a wig; nothing comes amiss to him. Barbers are in readiness to shave the chin of the male and an elegant hair-dressing saloon is open for feminine customers, who may afterwards turn into the photograph studio and get their fair countenances perpetuated on paper or ivory. I have nodoubt Mr. Whitely would be quite equal to the task of providing a parvenu with a gallery of well-authen- ticated old masters, and even family por- traits at a pinch; but in a general way art is represented by engravings and lithographs and hand-decorated knick- knacks—jnst now swarming there— though ail the appliances of art work can be obtained and every branch of indus- | trial art flourishes in the grove. | Allthe great centers of industry are |represented: Sheffield and Birmingham | send their cutlery and hardware; Geneva | and Besancon, clocks and watches; Dres- iden, Vauxhill and Yeddo, porcelain and pottery: Daghestan and Smyrna, carpets | and hangings; Paris and Vienna supply | fans and knick-knacks: St. Sabain, mir- (rors: London, high art furniture; Limer- jick, Bruges and Brussels, lace; Venice | and Bohemia. glass; India, carved ivories; i and metal work, and so on, and so on. | These and many other things afford | endless interest tothe public. They are | set out with taste in the windows aud on the counters within, where at the present | time those specially adapted to Christ | mas and New Year’s gifts are particular- |ly prominent. Although the show of | toys cannot vie with those of the Parisiap magazins, it is nevertheless pretty com- plete, and I never saw a more varied ex- hibition of dainty trifles at reasonabie prices than was afforded by Whiteley’s | Christmas Bazar. in enumerating the different trades ex- ercised by William Whiteley, I have omit- ted to mention that fie is a dyer and cleaner as well as a jeweler; that he sells hay and oats and every requisite for the i stable, besides saddles and harness: that | he keeps a good selection of dogs, cats, |} singing birds and talking parrots in stock; exchanges foreign money, prints circulars, hangs wall-papers and bells, binds books and frames pictures; is in telephonic connection with all the Lon- don theatres and can book seats at any one of them; is prepared to warehouse any amount of furniture and luggage in his new depository at Morningside Park; will sell your goods and chattels by auc- tion or pack them for’ transmission abroad; and finally, has lately added an beauty of its female assistants; but it was found impolite to provide rash youths and impressionable elders with pretty faces to fall in love with, so this item has been withdrawn from the stock in trade of the Universal Provider. 2 - een How a Yankee Sold His Salted Mine. Judge Stevens, of Ironwood, is a good story teller, and one evening, when the thermometor was below zero at Ironwood and the wind was whistling outside of a cosy room where was burning a cheerful fire he related a tale of a Yankee’s shrewdness. The judge is an old miner and went out West with the rush for gold. Near a claim where the judge was working, was a thin, angular New-Eng- lander, who just kept shovelling ore and paid no attention to any one else. One day some capitalists came along and cas- ually picked up a few chunks from the Yankee’s output. When they got back to town they had them essayed, and they yielded wonderful results. The capital- ists jumped in the air for joy. Then they went back and there was the old fellow shovelling the same as ever and not saying a word. “You'll never do anything this way,”’ remarked one of the capitalists. “Well, Dll get on,’’ remarked the Yankee, plying his pick with renewed energy. “You should interest capital to help you develop that hole in the ground,”’ continued the capitalist. ‘Can develop it myself, I guess,’’ said the Yankee. “Think you got anything?” ,‘Not yet. Nothing in sight.’’ Then the gentlemen took several more pieces of rock and went back to town. These essayed even richer than the first samples, and the capitalists went wild with excitement. They went back the following day to see the old man, who gazed upon them with unconcern as they approached. He was a taciturn indi- vidual, with an honest face, and he looked as though he would rather die than wrong any one. ‘*My friend,’’ said one of the capital- ists, ‘‘what will you sell out for?’’ *‘Wouldn’t sell out.” “But we want to buy.” **‘What do you want to buy for? There is nothing here yet. May be some day, but this hole ain’t worth anything.” ‘‘We want to buy it, though, and give you $10,000. “It ain't worth 10 cents.” ‘Will you sell it?” *‘Nope.” “Give you $20,000.” ‘*Nope.” Finally $60,000 was offered. “Well,” said the Yankee, ‘‘you can have itif you want, but I tell you its nothing but a hole in the ground. May be worth a lot some day, but now it ain’t worth 60 cents.” But the money was paid and the capi- talists received the hole. The Yankee’s assertions were correct. The hole was not worth 60 cents, but the taciturn Yankee had spread a few rich samples around and then waited for some fish to bite. He had an honest face, but human nature is sometimes deceptive. ———___ o> Statistics are said to show that young men do not, on the average, attain full physical maturity until they arrive at the age of twenty-eight years. Professor Scheiller, of Harvard, asserts, as the re- sult of his observations, that young men do not attain the full measure of their mental faculties before twenty-five years of age. A shrewd observer has said that ‘“‘most men are boys until they are thirty, and littse boys until they are twenty- five,” and this accords with the standard of manhood which was fixed at thirty among the ancient Hebrews and other races. will —- >> Have good aims, but see that your gun is loaded with the cartridge of energy and education. A The more you drink to other people’s health the more you drink to the ruin of your own. { will teach my system of IN- FALLIBLE PRooF, whereby an error in posting or in trial bal- ance can be located in the ac- count in which it has occurred. No. book keeper should be | without this system, as it saves weeks of labor each year. No new books or slips required. It can be taken up at any time without change of books. Also my system of keeping ACCOUNTS PAYABLE ACCOUNT, which saves opening an ac- count on the ledger of those from whom goods are bought. Price for both systems $5.00. WM. H. ALLEN, Grand Rapids, Mich. A LADY’S GENUINE : VICI : SHOE, Plain toe in opera and opera toe and C. S. heel. D and E and E E widths, at $1.50. Patent leather tip, 81.55. Try them, they are beauties. Stock soft and fine, flexible and elegant fitters. Send for sample dozen. REEDER BROS. SHOE CO, Grand Rapids, Mich. Gd nd REMMI Owing to the general desire of merchants to buy late this spring, we will continue to manu facture all staple lines up till May 1. thus insur ing you a complcte line to select from. Our Goods Are Perfect Fitters, THOROUGHLY MADE, 'iLOW IN PRICE. H. H. COOPER & CO.,, Manufacturers of Men's, Boys and Children’s Glothing, UTICA, BH YX. Write J. H. WEBSTER, State Agent, 0) POS an Syrup Gans Paper Packed Screw. WRITE FOR PRICES. WH MM (NS Manufacturers and Jobbers of PIECED AND STAMPED TINWARE, | Telephone 640. 260 SOUTH IONIA S8T., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH + es ‘ ~ ot "er «+ * + ‘7 r ~ | v ug _+ » a % ‘= - = ” 4 2 «4 “UHH MICHIGAN TRADESMALR: Why Some Women Succeed in Busi- ness Where Others Fail. The appearance of women in every de- partment of business has resulted in the discovery that a woman can do business along business lines and by recognized methods; also in another discovery— that, unless obliged to do so by her en- vironment, she generally does conduet her business affairs in a somewhat slip- shod manner. No permanent success is possible ex- cept according to strict business meth- ods. In large affairs this becomes evi- dent so soon that either the worker is forced into conformity or the business disappears of its own weight. There is little need to give hints in such cases; either they are superfluous or they are useless. But the possibility of self-sup- port along new lines has suggested a large number of new occupations to young women who are. establishing themselves everywhere in small enter- prises. The eventual success of these enterprises depends very largely upon the spirit and method with which they are entered into. And to these ener- getic and enterprising young women a few hints may be valuable. It should never be forgotten that ‘‘bus- iness” and ‘“‘philanthropy” are two dif- ferent things. Both buyer and seller frequently confound thetwo. It may be questioned whether half the failures in business ventures by young women do not arise from this simple fact. In like manner, the woman who goes into busi- ness exchanges the privileges of special courtesy to her sex for independence and business reciprocity. Here, again, a mistake is too frequently made. A business woman must not consider the weather or a headache. Her family can no longer take a para- mount place with her. She cannot afford to be pleasant only when she feels well, and glum or unac- commodating when she has had bad news. The public is merciless, and eares nothing for her, vody or soul. If she needs a cashier or a clerk, it is not enough for her that she has an idle brother or that her mother might take the place. The first question for her consideration is .the efficiency of those relatives for the vacant position. Because the debtor is a woman it is no reason why she should receive special financial accomodation. The fact that she is personally needy is no reason why she should not pay her debts when they fall due. It seems impossible to pluck out of the mind of a woman the idea that her per- sonal maintenance ought to be taken into account in settling her business af- fairs. And curiously enough this idea has corrupted the business mind of the other sex. Itis by no means unknown for a man to go on paying interest to his female client whose funds have disap- peared in bad investments: or, on the other hand, to expect considerable finan- cial charity from her as to the principal of these investments: neither of these expectations would survive a moment between two men. Probably the very first lesson for the would-be business woman to learn is that she should expect no consideration whatever on account of her sex or her personal circumstances—and should give none. The exact filling of contracts and the exact requirement of dues is the foundation of all good business. Likewise it should be one of her early lessons that the exact filling of contracts refers both to time and quality. Perhaps the most common of all faults in women who engage in smal! enter- prises is the feeling that if they cannot do the work now, or furnish the goods today, next week will do just as well. And if called to account for these delays, they consider the customer unreasonable. Equally unreliable are they as to qual- ity of work. If the job is done some- how, that is enough for too many busi- ness women. In large establishments, where the work is done under a system and there is a reputation to preserve, this fault is measurably remedied. But this paper is dealing with women—pre- sumably young women—working for themselves, or controlling their business if they do not perform all the work. Another curious peculiarity in the business relations of women, resulting directly from her too often inexact habit of mind, is her treatment of errors. In the view of many new business women, any mistake made in the goods, in orders | procured, in work done, must come out! of the customer. Now if a customer gives a definite, plain order, and the dealer does not till that order, it is the fault of the dealer and should be borne by her. This fault is by no means confined to women, it is true, but it is especially prevalent among them. The order should be exact and definite—in writing if need be—but once | given itis the dealer’s place to fill it. And mistakes are the loss of the dealer not of the customer. The fact that such a mistake is a dead loss to the dealer and eats up all or more than her profit has nothing whatever to do with the matter. | Whether it is a question of material, of work, of time, or payment, an agree- ment should be met to the letter. Just exactly such quality of work as was guaranteed.for the price, whether that be first or second-class, and the exact fulfilment of the contract as to time, will make any woman’s business a success. And without these she does not deserve it. In all the various lines of small! enter- prises upon which women are now enter- ing, and some of which they are invent- ing, much depends upon the way the young business woman meets the would- be customer. A cardinal principle should be to do anything that anyone desires. Some way must be found to do even the im- possible. Let no possible customer disappear be- cause you could not find some way to meet his or her wishes. Send for the goods wanted, or even go tothe city af- ter them if it be only $1 worth! Take the strange job if it have even the most remote connection with your enterprise, and do it though you must privately sublet it. But let the customer always | find you ready and always sure todo| This insures his reap- | what is wanted. pearance. But if you cannot meet his wishes the first time, he will find some other person or place where they can be met, and that is a fatal discovery. Be ready in expedient. There is no business, even the largest and most systematic, that is not always running against a wall of some kind, and the ability to quickly, and sometimes imme- diately, find a new way out is the ques- tion of success or failure. If you cannot do a thing one way do it another. if the conditions will not al- low of the end desired, change the con- ditions and that on the spot. She who hesitates is lost in these days. Yet look before you leap. A woman’s natural im- pulses must not be trusted too far. ‘Readiness in Expedient” is not only readiness, but readinessis expedient. To think quickly and closely, to determine that some difficult requirement shall be met and to see along what lines, if not all the details, and to confine these two lines of thought at the moment, is to se- cure success in any line of business. Another quality which will especzially | eonduce to the suecess of the business } woman who proposes to herself to work | for others, is to do the work in her cus-|} tomer’s own way. If that customer wishes it done at unheard of hours, or in curious ways or under difficult condi- |! tions, itis business policy to do it thus and do it well. It is easier to change these arrangements when you have se- cured your customer than it is to get a new one. Never let a possible customer go any- where else for goods or work. However great a customer’s interest in the indi- vidual or the enterprise, she will not go on patronizing either if she does not get what she wants. She cannot, in fact, for time and money are valuable to her also. Andif she must goand go again to dis- cover any wares she can buy, if she must have the work done by some one else, if she must find some other person to fulfil half her requirement, or if she is compelled to suit herself to the habits of the dealer in arranging her affairs, she must and will go elsewhere. Neither she nor her friends ean help supporta shaky business. ANNA L. DAWES. [003 1ISS3 ISS5 ISSS IS9A 45 How it as Grown. Summarized History: Business Established Special Machinery Introduced - Removal to Larger Quarters Largest Covpon Book Plant in the World In which we produce more Coupon Books than all the other manufacturers in the country combined. ‘These facts speak louder than words and prove that our books must have been the best in the market ‘for the past ten years in order to secure this de- imand. Tradesman Company, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Ak THE MICHIGAN ‘TRADESMAN. CONVENIENCES FOR CUSTOMERS. | What Some of the Big New York Stores | do for Their Patrons. From the Dry Goods Chronicle. One of the chief duties of the superin- tendent of a big New York dry goods store is to discover new ways of making his store attractive to customers. He is! supposed to be ever revolving in his | mind the question, ‘‘What more can be done to please our patrons?’’ His eyes are presumed to be ever roving in search | of some evidence which may suggest an | idea tor the improvement of the service furnished to customers, and his ears are believed to be ever open for chance re- marks that may indicate a new method | of securing approval. With active vrain and sight and hearing, the very pores of his skin open for suggestions, the high- class superintendent has become so re- ceptive that he acquires by intuition | ideas that have not yet been expressed | by those who formulated them. As a result the big dry goods stores of | the metropolis contain many conveni-| ences unheard or undreamt of a few years ago. Some of these are a source of additional profit, while others do not provide any direct financial returns. Among the former may be classed the lunchroom. That this is a great conven- ience is not to be doubted. The super- intendent of one of the largest of the metropolitan stores said to me recently: “It frequently happens that customers get so tired that they haven’t even the ambition to hunt around fora restaurant. Many shoppers in theexcitement of their pursuit for the articles they desire, for- get all about their luncheon until they are reminded of their physical needs by overpowering weakness. At such atime the average woman is indisposed to hunt around for a place to eat. When, how- ever, such a place is provided by the store in which she is, and the only exer- tion required to get to it is a ride in the elevator, she does not consider it such a hardship. The fact, too, that the lunch rooms in dry goods stores sup- ply a very rapid service makes them an additional convenience and attraction. Ninety per cent. of the women who are out for a day’s shopping are hnrried from the moment they leave their homes until they return. The delays in an or- dinary restauraut are very irritating to them, and I have no doubt that most of them feel grateful for the service sup- plied by us, which is designed to meet their wants. In fact, I have heard a number of them say so. At the same time a well-conducted lunch room should always be profitable. { know of several attached todry goods stores in this city most of | that make a very nice showing every year, even though the prices are very Se low. The latest additions to the conveniences for customers furnished by the dry goods stores include telegraph offices and postal departments. Both of these have been found of inestimable service. A large majority of the women who are out shop- ! they | ping make appointments before start, based on ealculations of time, which are not verified. When the woman who expecied to» finish her shopping at Macy’s at noon, with the intention of meeting her husband at the Vienna cafe | half an hour later, finds that it is 12 o’clock, and she still has half a dozen | different departments to visit, she is| naturally annoyed. dilemma, she would be reduced to peration. The nearest telegraph office from Macy’s is nearly half a mile away. Before she could reach that her husband | would have left his store or office and be | appointment. | The result would be very unpleasant up- | who} on his way to keep the on her arrival home. Husbands find their wives an hour or two late are always inclined to find fault, and when a woman is tired out with shopping, crit- | annoying to her. | icism is especially Why, the divorce courts have been ap- pealed to for less things than that! But now my lady need not be worried. A special telegraph office has been pro-' vided by the firm and elbow. is at her very to attend to, the operator is always pre- The i pared to send messages ‘‘rush.’’ if Macy & Co. had} not considered the probability of such a! des-! There being no other business | telegram informing her husband that she eannot keep her appointment is no 3ouner delivered to the operator than it is on the wire, and at least five minutes before he would be likely to leave his office the telegram is delivered and all cause for criticism is avoided. Then there is the branch postoffice. While my lady is resting in the parlor it is very likely that she may want to write one or two of the many letters that she has had in mind for a week or more; but it is a nuisance to carry letters around when your arms and hands and pockets are full of small parcels, anyhow. The | envelope is sure to be creased, and that dear friend to whom it is addressed will surely make remarks. The foresight and desire to please evinced by the dry , goods men makes such an unpleasant re- ; Sult unnecessary. _ has been provided, stamps of every kind A postal department are at hand, and the clerk is fully sup- plied with information with which to | answer satisfactorily any questions that may be asked her. This is also a great convenience when the shopper wishes to send any article by mail. Formerly that was practically impossible where there was any question as to the rates of post- age, and the customer was put to the in- convenience of having the article sent home or of carrying it to the postoffice before she could mail it. City directories, railroad and steam- boat guides, and other sources of in- formation as to the city and the means of getting from one place to another, are now provided by every well-regulated metropolitan dry goods store. That they are of practical value to the stores, in adding to the completeness of their serv- ice, cannot be doubted. There is no rea- son why most of these should not be in- corporated in the dry goods stores of ev- ery city in the country, especially as the cost is very trifling. ——_—__ The Stilton Cheese in History. From the London Telegraph. Our fathers used to play on their own account a great many fantastic tricks with their rare old Stiltons. Glasses of port or of burgundy were frequently poured into the cheese, and sometimes the article was placed under the tap of a cask of strong ale, so as to imbibe the droppings thereof, and there are even cases.on record in which unscrupolous butlers have striven to enhance the mouldy aspect of the cheese by pushing into it corking-pins of brass or copper, thus engendering the perilous presence of verdigris. lt is not quite impossible that some reason for the decline in the popularity of Stilton may be due to the circumstance that it was formerly almost invariably eaten to the accom- paniment of port wine. ‘“‘A gentleman,’’ observed Beau Brum- he mel, always ports with his cheese,’ and, port wine having gone toa great extent out of fashion since smoking after dinner became general at the very best tables, Stilton may have shared for a timein the temporary obscuration which darkens the bright chronicle of the vintage of Oporto. It is a curious fact, never- theless that whenever a _ parcel of remarkably fine port comes on the market it is at once eagerly purchased; and with regard to Stilton, who shall say that there are not yet secluded temples of gastronomy where hoary adepts treat the fine old cheese with all its traditional rites, ineluding the moistenings by means of port wine and strong ale, but sternly prohibiting, it is to be hoped, the reprehensible practice of sticking a ripening cheese with corking-pins? >. The devil never keeps out of a home simply because there is a handsome Bible on the parlor tabie. ENGRAVING Buildings, Head PHOTO wooD HALE-TONE Portraits, Cards and Stationery ings, Maps, Plans and Patented Articles. TRADESMAN CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. resident of the United States of America, ‘¥REETING: x‘ Whereas, it has been represented to us in our Nes jersey, in the Third Circuit, on the part of the ENOCH To HENRY KOCH, your clerks, attorneys, ager 5, salesmen and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, MORGAN'S Circuit Court of the United States for the District of SONS COMPANY, Complainant, that it has lately exhibited its said Bill of Complaint in our said Circuit Court of the United States for the District the said New Jersey, against that you, complained of, and the said HENRY KOCH, Defendant, to be relieved touching the matters therein ENOCH MORGAN’S SONS COMPANY, Complainant, is entitled to the exclusive use of the designation ‘““SAPOLIO” as a trade-mark for scouring soap, Mow, Cherefore, we do strictly command and perpetually enjoin you, the said HENRY KOCH, your clerks, attorneys, agents, salesmen and workmen, and all claiming or holding through or under you, uader the pains and penalties which may fall upon you and each of you in case of disobedience, that you do absolutely desist and refrain from in any manner unlawfully using the word ‘‘SAPOLIO,” or any word or words substantially similar thereto in sound or appearance, in connection with 1 tne manufacture or sale of any scouring soap not made or produced by or for the Complainant, and from directly, or indirectly, By word of mouth or otherwise, selling or delivering as “SAPOLIO,” or when “SAPOLIO” is asked for, whi is not Complainant's false or misleading manner. a , at the City Jersey, this 16th ay of December, i eight hundred and ninety-two. [sear] [SIGNED ROWLAND COX GLIA said manufacture and from in any way W. FoLier, Chief justice of United Sta°es of America of the using the word “SAPOLIO” in any the Supreme Court of the Trenton, in said District of New year of our Lord, one thousand, Ss. D. OLIPHANT, Clerk, oo Es 3 eRe Pr -¥ = vt 9 —- + + ‘* tT ‘Ge Ai y ¥ > — a 7 4 THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. 18 A Word in Season. It may be taken for granted by the re- tail grocers of the city that if the city is not to be overrun by peddlers during the coming summer, to the detriment of le- gitimate trade, they must take time by the forelock aud begin now their agita- tion for the enforcement of the law. The experience of the past proves that, if left to themselves, the city authorities will do nothing; they must be urged and coaxed constantly. It ought not to be so, for the peddling ordinance is plain and emphatic, both as a regulative and restrictive law, and it is the duty of the city officials to see that it is obeyed. The spirit of philanthropy which seems at present to inspire the officers of the law, from the judge down, while having any amount of sentiment at its back, must not be carried to an extreme. To the average mind the leniency which has been extended to these people for some time seems to be justified by the strin- gency of the times. The winter has been a hard one for poor people, and many of them have been compelled to ask the city for enough to keep themselves and their families alive. No one will be disposed to find fault if a few poor people have been able to provide the necessaries of life for their families by peddling fruit or vegetables, even though they had no license; but peddling without a license is a violation of the law, and to wink at such violation, although it be from _ phil- anthropie motives, is wrong in princi- ple and mischievous in results. It would have been much better if the operation of the ordinance had been suspended for the winter months, which would have prevented violation of the law and saved the police force from considerable annoy- ance and extra work. Now, however, that the winter is nearly over, the gro- cers must vigorously prosecute the work of enforcing the ordinauce. Splendid work was done last summer, but with the experience gained during that cam- paign, next fall should show even better results. It has been suggested that a horizontal fee, based on an average of the present schedule, would be an improvement. While it might not satisfy those who are paying the lower fees, it would put an end to the contention that the payment of the highest fee entitled the peddler to sell everything named in the schedule. Ifa level rate were charged it would then be plain even to a peddler that one license would permit of the selling of but one article or one class. The inspection clauses of the ordi- nance should be more rigidly enforced this year than they were last year. The officers who had charge of this depart- ment of the work seemed to have little idea as to what their duties were. Just what makes fruits and vegetables un- wholesome is a point on which the police force seem to be poorly instructed. They must be rotten and ‘smell to heaven” before the average policeman would condemn them. Perhaps it would be well if the inspecting officers were un- der the direction of the Board of Health, as is the case in some other cities. The inspection of the goods sold is as vital a feature of the ordinance as is the taking out of a license under it, and it will do as much or even more to curtail the ped- dling evil as the imposition of a fee. Now is the time to begin. Discuss the question in the Association meetings. If any grocer has an idea, or thinks the ordinance ought to be amended in any of its provisions, he owes it to the trade to make it known. One thing is certain, the peddlers have rich and powerful friends who may be expected to leave no stone unturned to break the ordinance. They spent time and money last summer in the same endeavor, and will make even more strenuous efforts during the coming season. That they failed last year was due to the vigilance of the Municipal Committee of the Association. That vigilance must not be relaxed, but doubled if possible. —— - 4 << Aggressive Action on the Part of Jackson Grocers. JACKSON, March 1—At the regular meeting of the Jackson Retail Grocers’ Association, held this evening, there was a very good attendance. The prin- cipal subject for consideration was the ordinance now pending in the City Coun- cil, relating to peddlers and hucksters, which was presented to the Council about two weeks ago, and passed its first and second reading and comes up for final action at the meeting next Mon- day evening. The Committee of the As- sociation reported having seen over half of the aldermen and that the outlook for the passage of the ordinance was favor- able. It was resolved to send a circular letter to every grocer in the city, asking them to do all they could, in their own interest, and to be present at the Coun- cil rooms on Monday evening to give their support by their presence. A _ re- monstrance has been circulated by those opposed to the ordinance, and it requires vigilance on the part of the Association to keep the aldermen in line. Messrs. Haefner, Helmer, Robbins, Mosher, the President and others expressed the opin- ion that we would succeed in getting it passed, if we kept to work with a will. W. H. Porter, Sec’y. The circular letter to which Mr. Porter refers is as follows: JACKSON, March 2—At the regular meeting of the Jackson Retail Grocers’ Association, held last evening, the mat- ter of the Hucksters and Peddlers’ ordi- nance now before the City Council, re- ceived considerable attention and discus- sion, and it was unanimously decided that as this was a matter in which every grocer in the city is directly interested, we issue an urgent appeal to every man engaged in the grocery business in this city, to attend the meeting of the Com- mon Council next Monday evening, March 5, at which time the ordinance will be brought up for final action. If our interests are largely represented at that meeting, it will not only have its influence with the council, but we will know just where each alderman stands in the matter and be better prepared to exert our influence in the right direction at the coming spring election. Itis high time the interests of the grocers, who have contributed more in the way of taxes, rents and labor for the welfare of the city than any other one branch of mercantile business, should receive some attention at the hands of our city govern- ment. As thisis a matter of as much benefit to the city as to ourselves, we think if the matter is properly placed before the aldermen they cannot but be in sympathy with it. They must under- stand that we do not want to antagonize the farmers or mechanics offering their own products for sale, but merely the hucksters and peddlers who come in di- rect competition with us. We understand there is a remon- strance being circulated by peddlers around the residence portion of the city, and that signatures are being obtained by representing that, if this ordinance passes, it will stop all vegetable men peddling, ete., while the facts are it will protect the legitimate peddler quite as much as it will the grocer. Now is the time to do effective work, and it ought to be done before Monday night. Let every one do his duty, and all turn out to the Council meeting Monday night. Where twoor more are interested in the same firm, let every man turn out. W. H. PortEr, Sec’y. The Grocery Market. Sugar—The advance in raws has been checked and prices reacted from 1-8 @ 3-16c. Refined, however, is strong and an advanceis hourly expected. Thisis because of the expected duty which will probably be imposed by the Senate be- fore the tariff bill passes that body. The demand has considerably improved and refiners are running full force and time, although former accumulations have not yet been worked off. Granulated is now held at 4.17¢ by the refiners, and the pro- posed duty of le per pound will make it The demand incident to the prob- able change in the tariff will, undoubt- edly, hasten the rise, although the duty will not go into effect for some months. Pork—About three weeks ago it was asserted that there would be a scarcity of hogs, and, as a consequence, prices went away up. Naturally, this brought the grunters to the front with a rush, and now, so far from there be- ing a scarcity, the market has hard work to take care of them. As one dealer puts it, ‘‘The country seems to be alive with hogs.” Prices are on the down grade, every week showing a considerable reduction. Oranges—Floridas still have, and will continue to have, the call over any other variety, as long as they are offered. The crop is nearing the end and the large, and for that reason heretofore undesir- able, sizes find ready sale. The few growers who still have uncut fruit are holding out for good figures and buyers are forced to meet their views, as the consuming public do not take kindly to California oranges on account of their acidity, pithiness, and general poor quality thus early in the season. Two carloads of this latter variety have been received by the Putnam Candy Co. and The Alfred J. Brown Co. respectively, who state that they are no better than the usual first cuttings and are bought mainly—at present—by peddlers and such dealers as desire to make a little Sum on them on account of their cheap- ness. Each succeeding shipment will show improvement in quality and a month hence will be in their prime and as popular with the trade of Floridas are now. Valencias in large cases, together with some Rodi and Catania fruit may be offered from this market in the near future. Bananas—The local market is still bare of shipping stock, and will be for a few days. A car is due to reach here about the middle of the week from Philadelphia and as mild weather has been ruling it is believed that the fruit will arrive in good order. In another month several firms will be securing regular weekly shipments and the season will be well opened. Lemons—Demand is_ fairly active though no large purchases are being made, it being a little unsafe to buy for future wants as all the offerings are apt to be touched by the frost. Western wholesalers are quoting very low prices but the majority of them are conserva- tive about stocking up, as there is plenty of fruit afloat and nothing to warrant an advance for some time. —_vr a — Lakeview Local Laconics. LAKEVIEW, March 3—This burg is wagging along in pretty fair shape dur- ing these dull times. Macomber’s sawmill and McAfee’s stave factory have each secured large stocks, on which they will run steady all 5.17e. the coming season. C. M. Northrop will operate the Lake- view creamery to its fullest capacity next season. An honest man possessing a fair degree of legal lore and with sufficient manhood to enable him to transact a legitimate business will find Lakeview an inviting field to practice in. C. F. Braden is now moving his stock of drugs from the Decker Hotel block to Bissell’s brick store, on the opposite side of the street. Efforts are being made to get another druggist to locate in Braden’s old quarters. Dr. John W. Kirtland, druggist, former postmaster and physician, is decidedly the most systematic and accommodating post-office official this village has ever had, and Mrs. Kirtland is entitled to a big share of this praise. A man with a liberal amount of capital and imbued with a spirit of common fair- ness towards his fellow man, and a knowledge of live-and-let-live banking methods, would be welcomely received here by our people, including those who got bit by Mather and Kennedy. Max Mills was in town yesterday dis- pensing smiles, congratulations and hand- shakes with his many warm friends. Everybody likes Max and he pleases everyone. Even the big school girls have been known to goto the depot to meet him and receive his well wishes We all vote Mills the most popular drummer that makes this or any other Michigan town. John T. Butler will soon cery store here. B. F. Hungerford has added a stock of groceries to his stock of boots and shoes. The Cato Novelty Works has changed its name to the Stebbins Manufacturing Co. E. B. Stebbins, the head and front of the concern, is a young man of energy and aggressiveness. John S. Weidman has purchased 3,000 acres of timber lands in Isabella county and will at once erect a big new sawmill, thereon. Twenty years ago Weidman was a poor boy, but by pluck, energy and push he now stands at the very head of live Lakeview business men. > & > Higher Prices for Salt. SAGINAW, March 2—For months salt has been quoted in the Michigan market at 45 cents a barrel for No. | and pack- ers’ grades. This was owing to sharp competition, large stocks on hand and hard times. Of late stocks have been worked off quite freely, and there has been manifested a disposition on the part of manufacturers, both in and out of the Michigan Salt Co., to get together. At the annual meeting of the company, held last month, a committee was ap- pointed to bring them together, and it is said that in the main this has been suc- cessful. One of the results is the action of the company in putting up the price 10 cents a barrel, the price now being 55 cents. open a gro- > 2.