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21 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ILL.
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14
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN.
STRAPPED!
Written for THE TRADESMAN.
That’s what Josh Whitman said one!
morning when he went into the house}
and threw himself into the big rocker by
the window. ‘I’m completely strapped |
and I may as well own it first as last. |
thought, the first of the month, I should
be able to stave it off a little longer; but |
I can’t do it and I might just as well |
give up first as last. I’m strapped and |
that’s all there is to it!’
“What’s the matter now?” asked his
wife, coming from the pantry with the}
flour clinging to her hands. ‘'Has Hig-
ley been at you again for his money?”
*““Fhat’s just it. I theught, when I
gave him the mortgage, that that would
satisfy him, but he’s more determined
than ever. I’ve played my last card and
everything has got to go.’’
“Yes, if that is the best; and so all we
have to do is to go right on, just as we
are going, you with your work in the
store and I with my bread, and, by that
‘time, something else will come to both
of us; so don’t let’s worry. (There’s
Swanpsey coming with his butter. Pull
up the corners of your mouth a little—it
isn’t any affair of his—and send him
home thinking there never was another
quite so good a storekeeper in the world
as you and that the Northwood store is
the only one worth trading at).”
The mouth corners went up according
to directions and Swansey was corres-
pondingly affected. The butter was a
prime article—fresh June butter from
Mary Swansey’s dairy was worth five
cents a pound extra just to look at—hard
as a rock on that warm summer day, and,
when Josh got through praising it, he
forgot all about the impending ruin.
When it again came back to worry him,
it was dinner time; but that cheery wife
ef his, who wouldn’t let anything worry
either herself or him, if she could help
it, had just the kind of dinner that he
liked, so that he didn’t hurry right back
as soon as it was eaten, and so it hap-
pened that the children went off to school
and left them to themselves.
‘‘How much is that mortgage, Josh?”’
“Five hundred dollars.’’
‘**You think there isn’t any use in your
going to see if you can put Higley off?”
*‘Not the slightest; and the worst of it
is, deary, there aren’t so many goods on
the shelves as he thinks there are and
there’ll be the old Nick to pay when he
finds it out.”
‘You didn’t do that, Josh!’
“What?”
‘‘Lead him to think that you had more
stock than you have?”
“Why, everybody does it.”
“Then ‘everybody’s’ dishonest, my
Josh among the rest. That I don’t like.
What’s in those rooms over the store?”
“Nothing. Why?’
‘‘We must do something to straighten
this matter out, and | don’t know ofa
surer way than to lessen our expenses.
How many rooms are there?”
“Oh, I don’t know. Snyder lived
there, you know. They had the two
back rooms upstairs; but gracious,
Susan, we can’t live in that hole, broil-
ing in the summer and freezing to death
in the winter. So don’t bother your
head with that. The only thing I can
think of is to see if I can’t get Clerk
Smith tolend it tome for a while. He
has it and he might just as well let me
have it as to have it lying idle in the
| 1 wouldn’t. Don’t ask him just yet, any-
| the matter stands.
| and I believe it'll make all the difference
|’Squire Higley’s office door.
bank.’’
**You’d think so, but he wouldn’t, and
way. I think you had better go to Hig-
ley and tell him, out and out, just how |
Be honest with him
in the world.”’
‘You don’t know Higley, Susan.”
“‘Then you won’t go?”
‘‘No, I don’t think I shall.”’
“Then I will; and Vl go this after-
And, in spite of protest, Susan
Whitman, a half-hour later, tapped at
noon.”’
‘ve come on my own responsibility,
’*Squire Higley, to see if 1 can’t induce
you to postpone the foreclosing of that
mortgage.’’
“Why, the fact is, Mrs. Whitman, |
need the money, and, in addition to that,
I’ve got tired of asking Josh to keep up
the interest. He said he only wanted
the money ‘until he got a chance to turn
around’—that’s the way he put it—but
he doesn’t seem to have ‘turned around?’
yet, as he hasn’t paid a cent of interest,
and he’s had the money going on five
years. The last time he talked with me
about it, I told him I must have it; and 1
guess, Mrs. Whitman, I shall have to
keep my word. It’s the only way to
make Josh keep his, | find.”
‘‘What you want, then, is your inter-
est and the assurance that the principal
is safe?”
*“That’s all.”’
‘Then let me tell you, ’Squire Higley,
that the surest way to get both is not to
foreclose this mortgage now. I might
tell you why, but I would rather not just
yet. What I will say is that, if you
will not push the matter, I myself will
see that the interest is paid, and I think
something can then be done with the
principal. Let it run fora month. We
can all see by that time what can be
done and, with that for a basis, can make
our plans accordingly.”’
‘“‘A month, you say?”’
“Yes, amonth. This is the29th. The
first will be day after to-morrow, and
when next month begins, my husband or
I will see you.”
‘‘Very well, Mrs. Whitman, it shall be
as you say.” And she went away witha
mental, ‘‘All right so far,’? and the
’Squire said to himself, as the catch
clicked behind her, ‘I’m going to get my
money, no mistake.” :
From the ’Squire’s place of business
Mrs. Whitman went to the store. It was
a building common enough, years ago.
It stood with end to the road—the vil-
lage was not large enough to have streets.
It was built at atime when Grecian archi-
tecture swept the country, its four stout
pillars giving it a patrician air, even
when utility had fastened a piazza to
them at the second story. In the early
days,when Sam Heath “trun the store,’’ he
and his family occupied all but the store
room; but, when he sold out, the new
proprietor lived in a separate house, a
custom followed by each successive store-
keeper. Mrs. Whitman thought of this
after her iaterview with the money
lender, and she proceeded at once to see
if her idea was at all practical.
Of course, the rooms were in a
wretched condition, but she had ex-
pected that. What she was after was to
find out if they were, or could be made,
habitable. To her delight, in certain
ways the rooms were better than where
she was living and in no way inferior. |
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Josh heard her rummaging and rushed
up the first chance he could get.
“‘How’d you make it?”
“All right. He will put it over for a
month; and everything will depend on
what we do in the meantime. I told him
we would pay at least a part of the inter-
est. You didn’t tell me that not a cent
had been paid since the money had been
borrowed! Why didn’t you, Josh?”
“Oh, I knew you wouldn’t understand
such things—women never do—and I
thought Higley knew he’d get it some-
time and so I just let it go. What you
doing up here, anyway?”
‘‘Seeing what the size of these rooms
is. I should think this room is all of
fifteen feet square, shouldn’t you? Just
measure it with that pocket measure you
always have with you. Yes, I thought
so. Never mind about the others. Let’s
go out where the kitchen used to be.
The pump won’t work, although it
doesn’t seem to be much rusted. Pump
a little, while I pour in some water from
the fire-barrel. There—that’s all right!
Now, open that window over there for a
little air and then sit down—you left
Tom in the store, didn’t you?—and Ill
tell you what I’ve been thinking about.
“So long, Josh, as you owe a single
cent, you can’t afford to be paying two
house-rents. Fifteen dollars is too much,
anyway, for that house, and we’ll move
in here day after to-morrow, and, in-
stead of paying that fifteen dollars to
Sackett, I'll take it over to the *Squire.
The interest is really all he cares for,
but, Josh, we want to do more than that.
I don’t care if the times are hard—there
isn’t any good reason why we can’t do
considerable towards reducing that five
hundred dollars and lifting that mort-
gage by a year from now.’’
‘“‘Well, all there is about it, we can’t
live up here, Susan; the sun would
roast us alive.”
‘“‘If we stay where we are, ’*Squire Hig-
ley will do the roasting and I rather
stand my chances with the sun; but
we’re not going to suffer. Just feel this
breeze now; and you know that that sit-
ting room of ours is always like an oven
from June till September. How much
do you pay Tom?”
‘*Fifteen dollars a month. You’re not
going to cut his head off, are you?”
“*A penny saved is a penny earned,’
any day, and | don’t know any better
way to earn it than to let Hal go in there
the first of the month and do what he
can. He’s as old as Tom and as stout,
and, so far as his school is concerned,
Vll see that he doesn’t lose anything in
the two weeks he’ll miss at the end of
the term. He’s up in his work and can
go in for his examinations with the
others. If worst comes to worst, Dll
take his place that last week. That?’ll
be a saving of $30 a month, and that will
do something, in the course of a year,
towards reducing the five hnndred dol-
lars. What do you say?”
‘Say? I’m willing; but, now thai you’ve
fixed your and Hal’s $15, where dol come
in?’
‘I was going to let you go free, but,
since you are going to feel so bad about it,
Ill let you help move,for I’m determined
that it shan’t cost usadollar. Let’s be-
gin now,” and, suiting the action to the
word, she tossed through the open win-
dow some of the broken box covers lying
all about her.
‘‘Here, now, you hold on,’”’ said Josh;
‘‘that part somebody else can do just as
well as you can, and you’d better save
your strength for something else.”’
“All right,” was the cheery answer;
‘“‘but remember that we’re to be in here
day after to-morrow, and that clearing
out these rooms is the first thing to be
done.”
‘*‘Day after to-morrow it is, then!’ And,
without a minute’s delay, the rest of the
rubbish began to follow the bits that had
gone before. ‘‘If that interest gets paid
in four months, by Susan’s planning,”
communed Josh with himself, with the
flying dust almost hiding him, ‘‘what
sort of achump must I be, I should like
to Know, if, with this store on my hands,
I can’t knock thunder out of a five hun-
dred dollar mortgage in less than no time!
We’ll see!”
Don’t undertake to tell me that what
we call ‘‘the inanimate”’ does not take an
intelligent part in the concerns of human
life—I know better. This very instance
proves to the contrary. The minute that
the .Whitmans got started on the right
track, what did the weather do but shift
Tight around from the coldest, rainiest,
wretchedest weather that ever scandal-
ized what ought to be one of the pleas-
antest months of the year, and, with the
brightest of suns and balmiest of breezes,
and the superlative of everything else de-
lightful, favor the moving in every pos-
sible way. And when, on the evening of
the first day of the month, neat, trim,
pretty Mrs. Whitman tinkled her little
Silver tea-bell over the banister, you
wouldn’t have dreamed that moving had
ever been thought of, and that only a few
hours before chaos had reigned, where
now was to be seen the ruling only of
“‘heaven’s first law.” There wasn’t a
thing broken; there wasn’t a garment
torn, and, if there ever was a stovepipe
on its good behavior, it was that one
which Josh Whitman and his son Hal put
up in that long-unused back kitchen.
The front parlor carpet fitted exactly and
the others—well, they simply went right
down without a bit of fuss—Hal hadn’t
the least trouble with them. But acur-
tain, with its fastener, felt forced to ex-
hibit the pigheadedness of its race, and
was as ugly, for a while, and rebellious as
the whole stupid tribe can be: but it was
promptly frowned upon by the inanimate
nature about it, and so, by furnishing an
exception to the rule, confirmed the ex-
istence of that ‘pure cussedness”’ so often
attributed to inanimate objects.
From that time on the unrest caused
by the mortgage ceased. On the first of
the month, Mrs. Whitman took over, not
$15,as she had said she would, but $50; and
it doesn’t require a course in mathemat-
ics to tell how long it took, at that rate,
to pay off the interest and lift the mort-
gage. That ought to have satisfied the
woman, but it didn’t; and it wasn’t until
Josh became urgent about moving again
that the determined little woman took
his breath away by a single sentence:
**When I move again, Josh, I shall move
into a home of my own!’ After he’d put |
that into his pipe and smoked it a while,
she went on: ‘There isn’t really any
need of living anywhere else, of course,
but, if we had been as decided about it,
years ago, as we are now, we would not
be living here now. Paying off this
mortgage has opened the eyes of both of
us. It has mine, anyway, and, now that
we are out of debt, we can turn that
money over a good many times in the
course of a year.”’
So she went on with her plans, and Josh
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listened and wondered. The result of it
all was that the store became livelier than
ever. ‘*They” began to talk about it and
it got so that not only a wider circle of
farmers began to come to it, but folks at
‘the Center” got into the habit of driv-
ing over to Whitman’s to do their trad-
ing; and, finally, it got so that ‘‘the only
store ’t was worth anything in a good
bit o’ country was Whitman’s over to
Northwood.’? Whatever custom came
remained, and it came to pass that, in
due time, there was a fine residence lot
deeded to ‘‘Susan;” and after another
while there was a comfortable house
built upon on it: then, one happy Christ-
mas when the children—pretty large
children by this time—came from schoo!
and coliege for the holidays, there was a
‘Hanging of the Crane’’ in the hand-
some, well-furnished house.
—‘A new star just sprung to birth,
And rolled on its harmonious way
Into the boundless realms of space.”
When it was all over, when
“The lights were out and gone were all the
guests,”
John Whitman, with his arm around the
little woman who had planned it all, said,
as he kissed her, ‘‘She will do him good
and not evil all the days of her life;’’
and she, returning his endearment, an-
Sswered, ‘‘And what a great pity it was
that she was not allowed to begin until
he was forced to acknowledge himself
‘strapped!’”’ STEPHANOFF.
a _—>— © >
THE MOON’S STORY.
I do not think there is any chapter in
modern science more remarkable than
that which IL here propose to describe.
It has, indeed, all the elements of a ro-
mance. 1am to sketch an event of the
very greatest moment in the history of
this universe, which occurred at a period
of the most extreme antiquity, and has
been discovered in the most remarkable
manner.
The period of which I write is far
more ancient than that of the Pyramids
of Egypt, or of any other monuments
erected by human effort. Itiseven more
early than that very remote time, huu-
dreds of thousands of years age, when
man himself first came upon this globe.
Our retrospect has to pierce right
through those vastly protracted cycies
which the geologists have opened up to
us. We speak of a period long anterior
to the ages during which our continents
were being scuiptured into their present
mountain chains and river courses. We
have to look through those periods still
earlier, when great animals, long extinct,
flourished on this earth. The time of
which I write is more remote than that
very remarkable epoch ip earth history
during which the great coal forests
flourished. It is earlier than the su-
preme moment, countless millions of
years ago, when living organisms first
became inhabitants of this globe. Even
here, however, our retrospect must not
stop. We have yet once more to look
back through certain anterior periods to
a time when our earth was in its earliest
youth. The chapter of history abvut
which I am now writing is, indeed, in the
very dawn of things terrestrial.
It might be thought that it would be
utterly impossible for us to learn any-
thing with regard to what took place at
atime so immeasurably anterior to all
sources of tradition, and, indeed, to all
the ordinary channels for obtaining
kuowledge by observation. It, however,
fortunately happens that the darkness of
this early period is illumined by a bright
and steady source of light which will
never deceive us if only we will follow it
properly. Our trustworthy guide is to
be the pen of the mathematician, for itis
well known that, unless we are going to
dispute the fundamental proposition that
two and two make four, we cannot im-
pugn the truths which mathematies dis-
close. This science knows no boundaries
of space. It recognizes no limits in time.
It is ever ready for discussing operations
which take place either in the millionth
part of a second or in the lapse of un-
‘THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN.
{
‘counted millions of centuries. The
| processes of mathematics are alike avail-
| able for tracing out the delicate move-
| ments in the interior of a molecule not
| Oue millionth part of the size of a grain
|of sand, or for investigating the proper-
| ties of space so vast that the whole solar
system only occupies an inconsiderable
point by comparison. Let us, therefore,
see what this infallible guide has to
teach us with regard to that momentous
epoch in the history of our system when
the ufeon was born.
Our argument proceeds from an ex-
tremely simple and familiar matter.
Every one who has ever been on the sea-
Shore knows the daily ebb and flow of
the waters, which we call the tides.
Long ere the true nature of the forces by
which the moon acts upon the sea was
understood, the fact that there was a
connection between the tides and the
moon had become certainly known. In-
deed, the daily observation of a fisher-
man or of any one whose business was
concerned with the great deep would
have taught him that the time of high
water and the time of full moon stood at
each place in a certain definite relation.
The fisherman might not have under-
stood the precise infiuence of the moon
upon the tides, but if he had observed,
as he might in some places, that when
the moon was full the tide was high at
10 o'clock in the murning, it would be
perfectly obvious to him that the moon
had some special relation to this ebbing
and flowing of the ocean. Indeed, we
are told of some savage race who, recog-
nizing that the moon and the tides must
be associated, were still in some consid-
erable doubt as to whether it was the
moon which was the cause of the tides,
or the tides which were the cause of the
moon.
The ebbing and flowing of the tide
opens up this chapter in remote history,
which we can now explore, mainly by
the help of the researches of Prof.
George Darwin; for, as the tides course
backward and forward, sweeping to and
fro vast volumes of water, it is obvious
that the tides must be doing work—in
fact, in some places the tides have been
made to du useful work. If the water, as
it rises, be impounded in a large reser-
vuir, it Can be made to turn a water
wheel as it enters, while another water
wheel can bedriven as the reservior
empties itself a few hours later. Thus
we produce a tidai mill. It is quite true
that, so long as coal remains tolerably
cheap and steam power is consequently
readily available, it is not often possible
to employ the direct power of the tides
in an economical manner. For our pur-
pose it is merely necessary to note that,
day after day, week after week, year
after year, the tides must be incessantly
doing work of some kind or other.
Every practical man knows that a cer-
tain quantity of work can only be done
by the expenditure of a certain quantity
of energy. He also knows that there is
in nature no such thing as the creation
ofenergy. It is just as impossible to
create out of nothing the energy which
should lift an ounce weight through a
Single inch as it would be to create a
loaf of bread out of nothing. If, there-
fore, the tides are doing work, and we
have seen that they undoubtedly are do-
ing work, it follows that there must be
some source of energy on which the tides
are enabled to draw. A steam engine is
able to put forth power because of the
energy developed from the coal which is
continually supplied to the furnace.
But where is the equivalent of the coal
in the great tidal engine? We might at
first hazard the supposition that, as the
moon is the cause of the tides, so we
must look to the moon to provide the
energy by which the tides do their work.
This is, however, not exactly the case.
The match which lights the fire under a
steam boiler isin one sense, no doubt,
the cause of the energy developed; but
we do not, therefore, assert that the
power of the engine is derived from the
match. It comes, rather, from the fuel
whose consumption is started by the
match. In like manner, though the
moon’s attraction causes the tides, yet it
is not from the moon that the tidal
energy isdrawn. There is only one pos-
sible source for the energy necessary to
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‘THE
ANCHIGAN TRADESMAN.
sustain the tides. Every one who iscon-
versant with mechanical matters knows
the important duty which the flywheel
performs in a mill. The flywheel, in
fact, may be considered as a reservoir
into which the engine pours the power
generated with each stroke of the piston,
while the machinery in the mill draws
on this accumulated store of power in
the flywheel. If the engine is stopped,
the flywheel may yet give a turn or two,
for the energy which it contains may be
still sufficient to drive for a few seconds
the machinery throughout the mill. But
the store of energy in the flywheel would
necessarily become speedily exhausted
and the flywheel come to rest unless it
were continually replenished by the ac-
tion of the engine.
The earth may be regarded as amighty
flywheel which contains a_ prodigious
store of energy. That energy is, how-
ever, never added to, fur there is no en-
gine available. If, however, no energy
were withdrawn from the earth, thenthe
globe would continue to spin round its
axis once every twenty-four hours, for-
ever. As, however, the tides need en-
ergy to get through their work, they ab-
stract what they require from the store
which they find at hand in the rotation
of the earth. Next time you see the
tides scouring up and down a river, you
may reflect that the power which impels
that mass of water to and fro has been
obtained solely at the expense of the
spinning of our globe. Indeed, the little
child who digs a moat in the sand, which
is filled by the rising tide, affects, to a
certain extent, the revolution of this
earth about its axis.
This withdrawal of energy from the
earth is incessantly taking place along
almost every coast. From day to day,
from century to century, from on to
won, energy is daily being withdrawn
and daily wasted, never again to be re-
stored. As the earth has no other means
of replenishing its stores, the conse-
quence is inevitable. The quantity of
energy due to the rotation of the earth
must be gradually declining. Stated in
this way, perhaps the intimation is not
very alarming, but, placed in other words,
the results at which we have arrived as-
sume the more practical expression that
the tides must be gradually checking the
speed with which the earth turns round.
The tides must, in fact, be increasing the
length of the day. In consequence of
the tides which ripple to and fro on our
shores, and which flow in and flow out of
estuaries and rivers, to-day is longer
than yesterday, and yesterday is longer
than the day before. I may, however,
admit at once that the change thus pro-
duced is not very appreciable when only
moderate periods of time are considered.
Indeed, the alteration in the length of
the day from this cause amounts to no
more than a fraction of a secondina
peroid of a thousand years. Even in the
lapse of ordinary history, there is no
recognizable change in the length of the
day. But the importance of our argu-
ment is hardly affected by the circum-
stance that the rate at which the day is
lengthening is a very slow one. The
really significant point is that this
change is always taking place, and lies
always in the same direction. It is this
latter circumstance which gives the pres-
ent doctrine its great importance as a
factor in the development of the earth-
moon system.
We are accustomed in astronomy to
reason about movements which advance
for vast periods in one direction, and
then become reversed. Such movements
as this are, however, not the real archi-
tects of the universe, for that which is
done during one cycle of years is undone
during the next. But the tides are ever
in operation, and their influence tends
ever in the same direction. Consequent-
ly the alteration in the length of the day
is continually in progress, and in the
course of illimitable ages its effects ac-
cumulate to a startling magnitude.
The earth now revolves on its axis
once in twenty-four hours. There was
a time, millions of years ago, very likely,
when it revolved once in twenty-three
hours. Earlier still it must have spun
on its axis in twenty-two hours, while
this suceeeded a time when the day was
only twenty hours.
guments applied in those times which
apply at the present, so that, if we strain
our vision back into the excessively re-
mote past, we find the earth spinning
ever more and more rapidly, until at last
we discern an epoch when the length of
the day, having declined to eight hours
and seven hours, had at last sunk to
something like five or six hours. This
is the time when the moon’s story com-
mences. At this eventful period the
earth accomplished about four revolu-
tions in the same time that it now re-
quires for a single one. We do not at-
tempt to assign the antiquity of this
critical moment. It must certainly have
been far earlier than the time when this
earth became fitted for the reception of
organized life. It must have been at
least many millions of years ago. If it
be thought that the vagueness of our
chronology is rather unsatisfactory, then
it must be remembered that even histo-
rians who have human records and mon-
uments to guide them are still often in
utter uncertainty as to the periods dur-
ing which mighty empires flourished, or
as te the dates at which great dynasties
rose or perished.
But our story has another side to it.
Among the profoundest laws of nature is
that which asserts that action and re-
action are equal and opposite. We have
seen that the moon is the cause of the
tides, and we have further seen that the
tides act as a brake to check the speed
with which the earth is rotating. This
is the action of the moon upon the earth.
And now let us consider the reaction
with which this action must be inevitably
accompanied. In our ordinary experi-
ence we observe that a man who is an-
noyed by another feels an unregenerate
impulse to push the annoying agent
away as far as possible. This is exactly
the form which the reaction of the earth
assumes. It is annoyed by the moon,
and, accordingly, it strives to push the
moon away. Just as the moon, by its
action on the earth, through the medium
of the tides, tends to check the speed
with which the earth is rotating on its
axis, so the earth reacts on the moon,
and compels that satellite to adopt a con-
tinuous retreat. The moon is, therefore,
gradually receding. It is farther from
the earth to-day than it was yesterday,
it will be farther to-morrow than it is to-
day. The process is never reversed and
it never ceases. The consequence is
a continuous growth in the size of the
track which the moon describes around
the earth. It is quite true that this
growth is a slow one; so, too, the growth of
the oak is imperceptible from day to day,
though, in the lapse of centuries, the
tree attains a magnificent stature. The
enlargement of the moon’s _ orbit,
though imperceptible from month to
month, or even from century to century,
has revolutionized our system in the
lapse of many millions of years.
Looking back through the mists of
time, we see the moon ever drawing
nearer and nearer to the earth. Our
satellite now revolves at a distance of
240,000 miles, but there was a time when
that distance was no more than 200,000
miles. There was a time, millions of
years ago, no doubt, when the moon was
but 100,000 miles away, and, as we look
farther and farther back, we see the
moon ever drawing closer and closer to
the earth, until at last we discern the
critical period in earth-moon history,
when our globe was spinning round in a
period of about five or six hours. The
moon, instead of revolving where we
now find it, was then actually close to
the earth; earlier still it was, in fact,
touching our globe, and the moon and
the earth were revolving each around
the other, like a foot ball and a tennis
ball actually fastened together.
It is impossible to resist taking one
step farther. We know that the earth
was at that early period a soft molten
mass of matter, spinning round rapidly.
The speed seems to have been so great
that a rupture .ook place, a portion of
the molten matter broke away from the
parent globe, and the fragments coalesced
into asmall globe. That the moon was
thus born of our earth uncounted mil-
lions of years ago is the lesson which
The very same ar-,
mathematics declares it learns from the
murmur of the tides. ROBERT BALL.
Gs
1) | PRICE, 50 CTS. PER GALLON,
| BY THE BARREL.
One ‘gallon covers 250 square feet
or 100 square
on Tin or Iron Roofing,
| Roofing.
feet on Shingle or Board
| l Good also for painting Smoke Stacks,
Boilers, Iron Fences, ete.
Anyone can apply it with a white-
wash brush. Water and Fire Proof.
Stops all leaks in old or new roofs.
Give it a trial.
|
GRAND RAPIDS
MICH.
Scofield, Shurmer & Teagle,
Send for Pamphlet of Testimonials, ete.
WILLIAM REID,
JOBBER OF
PAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES, BRUSHES, ete. Plate & Window GLASS
26-28 Louis Street, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
MANUFAC-
TURER OF
ALL
KINDS
OF
the Grand Rapids
Paint & Wood
Finishing Co
Office & Factory, 51-55 Waterloo St.
We sell at manufactur-
ers’ prices. Call or send
for color card. Painters’
trade solicited.
We Pay. HIGHEST MARKET PRICES in SPOT CASH and [Measure Bark
When Loaded. Correspondence Solicited.
Grand Rapids Brush Co.
MANUFACTURERS OF
T-0a e-0 is
*i
Ae
m a
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
BRUSH
Our Goods are sold by all Michigan Jobbing Houses.
Barn Telephone 1059.
NAN LAR NA MNS NE a ON
Office Telephone 1055.
Storage and
S EC U RI TY Transfer Co.
Warehouse, 257--259 Ottawa St. Main Of*ce, 75 Pearl St.
Moving, Packing, Dry Storage.
Expert Packers and Careful, Competent Movers of Household Furniture. Estimates Cheerfully
Given. Business Strictly Confidential. Baggage Wagon atall hours. F.S.ELSTON, Mer.
18
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN.
—
THE BACK OFFICE.
Written for THE TRADESMAN.
The other day, West Man, a well-to-do
farmer in this locality, was in here and
wanted to know if I didn’t think his boy
John, who wants to be a doctor, couldn’t
just as well study at home, along at first,
with old Dr. Holliday, then take a lec-
ture course at the University and, in a
couple of years, be ready to hang out his
shingle and be equal to the best of ’em.
West Man is one of the best farmers
anywhere around here. He and _ his
farm show it. He likes the farm and the
farm likes him; and there isn’t a foot of
land under his control which doesn’t il-
lustrate his idea that ‘tye can’t gita good
crop out o’ half tilled land.”? By “till-
ing,’? West Man means all that the word
implies—and perhaps a little more—be-
ginning with hard work and a great deal
of it, together with such help as an
abundance of fertilizing can render, so
that, it makes but little difference what
the crop is, West Man is as sure to get a
good one as he is of planting. Knowing
him to be that sort of farmer, I was
surprised to hear that sort of question
from him. I looked at him a minute
and then said: ‘‘Why, West Man, you’re
the last man that I should expect te be
guilty of manuring in the hill.”
‘‘What do you mean?”’
‘Just what I say. I have heard you
storm about these farmers who never
think of enriching their fields, but who
will dump some kind of fertilizer into
the hill and think themselves pretty
smart if they get anywhere near a crop;
and you always wind up by saying that
a farmer can’t do anything quite so sure
as that torun out the farm and himself,
too. I have heard you say something
else that I have remembered, and that is
that, after a field has been brought to the
point where it will yield a good crop of
anything, there is still a certain kind of
produce that it ‘takes to’ better than
any other. Haven’t [ heard you say
that?”
“I guess likely, for ve said it often
enough. But how about John?”
‘Do with him as you do with your
land—he’s worth it. So far, all you have
done for him is to clear off the timber
and cut down and burn the brush. From
the size of the checkerberries and the
high blackberry bushes you think you
can raise the likeliest doctor there is in
the country; and so you are going to
harrow in the seed now, and, by the
time you get ready to pull the stumps,
there’s your doctor ready to cut off a leg
or cure the worst consumptive to be
brougbt. That is, you study your fields
and, when they are brought up to that
point where they yield everything, you
keep testing until you find what they can
produce best; but you start the boy off
with old Dr. Holliday and then send him
to a course of lectures, for a kind of pat
and a promise, and lo, an M. D.!
‘You know better than that. Such a
physician as that stands no chance nowa-
days. No; that boy should be sent where
he will receive a thorough training gen-
erally. While that is going on, he, or
you, or his cultivators will find out his
specialty and then help him to follow
his bent. That is what will make not
only a successful physician, but a man
as well, and that last is what the world
is searching for to-day. Your theory is
all right, West Man, and in farming
your practice is ali right, but, when you
come to boy farming, you want to call in
somebody as successful in that line as
you have been in yours.
‘So, then, if John wants a professional
life, start him for college in September;
and, if he isn’t ready for it, pack him off,
then, to the best preparatory school you
can hear of. When his college course is
done, give him a course at the best
school his chosen profession can furnish:
and, by the time the cultivating process
is over, he will be a son to be proud of.
Don’t ask me what all this will cost.
You have cleared up too much land to
expect any returns for a number of years
after you begin clearing; but, when the
work is over, and someone praises you
for what you have done, you can say, as
you did when you showed me the results
of that north lot, ‘It’s mighty hard work
and it takes a long time; but there ain’t
anything in this world wuth havin’ that
ain’t wuth workin’ for, and then, when
ye’ve got it, it’s suthin’ to be proud on.’”
West Man went out chewing a match
he had picked up and relieved of the
brimstone. Whether the boy will go to
school in September remains to be seen.
I think he’ll go, for I think the farmer
long ago concluded that it doesn’t pay to
cut ’cross lots in anything, and that the
usefulness which comes from that kind
of training is impaired in proportion to
the amount of cutting indulged in.
RicHARD MALcom STRONG.
><
Meal of Sunflower Cake.
Sunflower cake has been found, espe-
cially in Russia, one of the best auxiliary
cattle foods. As early as the year 1866
about 100,000 centners of sunflower oil
(oil of the seeds of Helianthus annuus)
were manufactured in Russia, and its
amount has increased year by year, it
being esteemed as a very palatable ali-
mentary oil. The oil was formerly ob-
tained by hydraulic means; the residual
cake is harder than any other variety of
oil cake, and for this reason apparently
it has not found a wider application.
Denmark and the northern countries im-
port large quantities annually, as do also
the eastern provinces of Germany, and
the problem of its disintegration has
been successfully solved by several man-
ufacturers there. It is still unknown in
Southern and Western Germany; now,
however, that it is put on the market in
the form of meal, it will doubtless soon
find general application, Suited, as it is,
both on account of its composition and
pleasant taste, for fattening cattle. The
percentage of proteid varies between
about 30 to 44 per cent., the fat between
about 9 to 18 percent. It is possible to
prepare two qualities, one ricb in proteid
and poor in fat, and the other rich in fat
and poorin proteid. When, for exam-
ple, the somewhat finely ground meal is
sifted, employing a mesh of 1 mm., that
which passes through is much richer in
proteid and poorer in fat than the origi- |
nal, while the reverse is true of that
which remains in the sieve.
-_ Oe
Arrangement of Displays. |
The arrangement of displayed goods
in the store should be changed as often
as possible. A customer does not like to
enter a store where the things have been
in position so long that he can tell where
each article is with his eyes shut. ‘Va-
riety is the spice of life.” The great |
secret of attractive displays is simplicity
and frequent changes. The simpler the
display, the more easily the change can
be effected, and the simple arrangement
really produces a better result in most
cases than the complicated one. It is
not necessary for one to bea genius to
enable him to make an attractive display
of his merchandise. Let him keep every-
thing scrupulously neat and clean, not
be afraid of wasting elbow-grease, and
change his counter and window arrange-
ments at least twice a week and, with
the simple exercise of good taste in the
seleetion, his store will then be as at-
tractive as any.
OG})OSO4444444H44h44H4hh4HG4L4G444444444A454546bAhbA4LhAAbAhAAbLDDAA
li hihi hh hh hn hh hn hn he hn be hi he he be hn he hh he he he he he hh th hh i hh
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thals at Ssa€f-
The general pnblic are recognizing more and more every day the desirability of pure
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It:
salt. The result is a largely increased demand for Diamond Crystal Salt. Of course
you aim to handle the best goods in every branch or the trade. Why notin salt?
Diamond Crystal Salt
is now packed so the grocer can handle it at a profit equal to that made on inferior
goods. Note these greatly reduced prices :
120) 244 bags in a barrel, @ $3.00
5 - “ 66 66 ‘6 @ 2.75
-_ 7F 6 sé 66 sé @ 2.50
For other sizes in proportion sce price curre ee on ——e pone a.
i rs is ch lighter than common salt, and the 2'4, 4, and 7 Ib. bags
rey eg bene oe oe 3, Dy pond 10 Ib. bags of the ordinary product. Diamond
> Crystal is purer, stronger, and goes farther. The bags are handsome, and made of
> the very best material—saving waste from broken bags.
> DIAMOND CRYSTAL SALT CO., ST. CLAIR, MICH.
4666664666664 6.4 & Lf bo tate te tain
hbbbbbbbbbobbbbbbbbb bo trtn tne
000000660000600660066006666600066666006006665006060068
JESS JESS
THE MOST POPULAR BRAND OF
PLUG TOBACCO
In Michigan to-day, and has only been on
the market four months. For sale only by
MUSSELMAN GROCER
JESS JESS
DID YOU NOTICE
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ON YOUR CRACKERS?
EARS’
UPERIOR
EYMOUR
That is what it means--
“THE ACKNOWLEDGED LEADER
OF CRACKERS!”’
THEY
Originated in MICHIGAN
Are Made in MICHIGAN
Are Sold in MICHIGAN
And all over the World.
Manufactured by «
The New York Biscuit Co.,
Successors to WM. SEARS & CO.,
Grand Rapids, [lich.
CURRENT COMMENT.
A curious legal case came up in Co-
lumbus, Ohio, the other day. A grocer
of that town asked the courts for an in-
junction against his wife, restraining her
from visiting his store and bothering
him there to the detriment of his busi-
ness. It seems that the parties did not
agree very well, and that the wife made
frequent visits to the store and so con-
ducted herself as to interfere with the
conduct of the business and drive away
customers. Affidavits were submitted,
showing that the business had suffered
materially in consequence of these visits,
and the court granted the relief prayed
for.
= * *
A new industry has lately developed
in the Piedmont district of North and
South Carolina. The mountaineers have
discovered that the heavy yellowish sand
which abounds along the streams and
branches of their country is valuable,
and now hundreds of families are sup-
ported with the money obtained from the
finding of monazite. The enthusiasm
with which the search for this valuable
ingredient is being prosecuted is some-
thing remarkable. Men, women and
children are interested in the new busi-
ness to the exclusion of all other aims
and desires. Nothing else is talked of,
and it would seem they must even dream
of monazite in their sleep. Gold miners,
year after year, when hunting for the
precious metal along the streams, would
fling aside as worthless the heavy sand
they found in their pans; but now they
have waked up to the folly of sucha
proceeding, and often throw aside tol-
erably fair specimens of gold in their
eager search for the monazite. Monazite
has been found in small quantities in
Russia, Norway, Bohemia and in gold
washings in Brazil. It has also been
found in the mica veins at Quebec, but
nowhere has it been discovered in such
large quantities as in this belt.
= ss ¢
It is related that in North Carolina,
lately, a case was tried in which, the de-
fendant’s character having been im-
peached, it was sought to bolster it up by
showing that he had reformed and joined
the church. The witness, who belonged
to the same church, insisted that, as the
defendant was now a Christian man, of
course his character was better. Counsel
asked him: ‘‘Doesn’t he drink just as
much as he ever did?’? The witness,
who was colored, and evidently embar-
rassed by the inquiry, slowly raised his
eyes and said, with much deliberation:
“I think he do, but he carries it more
better.’’
* = =
Railroad rates on wheat from Buffalo
to New York are so low that the Erie
canal boats cannot afford to handle it, and
itis said that there are over 300 boats
tied up at Buffalo for lack of business.
The terminal elevator at Buffalo has
handled 3,500,000 bushels of grain this
season, and of this amount the canal has
secured but three boat loads, though the
boats were making a rate of 1% cents for
wheat, and |1¢ cents for oats. The canal
has played a most important part in the
development of the Empire State, but its
usefulness seems to be a thing of the
past.
- © @
An auction sale story comes from
Philadelphia. A refrigerator was put
up. It was a good-looking article,
and $10 was bid. ‘‘Ridiculous,’’ said
the auctioneer, ‘‘who bids $112” A man
in the corner nodded, and for a moment
it looked as though he would get a bar-
gain, but somebody else shouted $12.
The auctioneer looked at the man in the
corner and got another nod, and after
some delay, somebody went a dollar bet-
ter. ‘‘Fourteen I’m bid,” shuuted the
man with the hammer, and he shouted it
four or five times, and just before he de-
clared the lot sold came another nod
from the quiet bidder, and the lot was
sold. ‘‘Your ice box. What name???
asked the book-keeper. But the man
only nodded his head and appeared not
to hear. ‘‘What name?”? was again
shouted, and somebody leaned over and
repeated the question in stentorian
tones. The man made a quick move-
ment, rubbed his eyes and wanted to
know was the matter. ‘I didn’t buy no
ice box,’ he said. “I’ve been asleep.”
‘*This ain’t no place to sleep,” said the
auctioneer, ‘‘and you'll pay for that box
or stand the difference on the resale.’?
There was a warm altercation, and alaw-
Suit is threatened. A nod is as good as
a wink to an auctioneer who knows his |
business.
* * *
Newfoundland has finally made ar-
rangements for a government loan, the
money to be furnished by an English
syndicate. The Government has been
unable to meet its obligations for some
time and there has, consequently, been
great financial suffering. The prospects
of the loan have been a great relief al-
ready.
— >.>
The Credit Spakeun.
From the Industrial World.
Why do merchants eneourage the
credit system? You answer that you
don’t. Yes, but youdo. If the system
were not encouraged by the merchants it
would not be in existence to-day. Did
you ever stop to think that the mercan-
tile community of the country are the
only body of men that tolerate the credit
system? Let’s see you buy postage
stamps, postal notes, money orders, ete.,
on credit; try it, and see what will be
told. Go to the theater and you pay
money. Express companies demand
cash, and railroad tickets are cash on de-
livery to the purchaser. Why should
not the merchant demand and receive
cash? Simply because he encourages
the credit system. It may be an impos-
sibility to completely eradicate the sys-
tem, but strict limitations on credit is a
step on the right road, and the evolution
will be practically a cash basis system of
doing business. Itis worth a trial and
should be begun at once. It would
quickly spread, like measles in a coun-
try school, and when it does it will solve
the great problem for all time. When
sifted down it would be found that the
credit system is the progenitor of and
responsible for more evils that affect the
financial and business world than all
other agencies combined. Not only this,
but it fosters extravagance—the pur-
chase of goods which can be very well
done without.
li —— li
Good Times Coming.
Pittsburg is happy. Dispatches are
coming in from many places in Western
Pennsylvania, Eastern Ohio and West
Virginia on the business situation.
These dispatches show that business is
booming at every place heard from, and
that confidence in the future seems fully
restored. Not since the spring of 1893
has such activity been noticed. The re-
vival is not confined to any one line of
industry, but to all kinds of manufae-
tures and trades. Near Pittsburg alone
more than 10,000 workmen reeeived an
advance in wages during last week.
The walking delegate must be asleep, or
the alarmist politician is not attending to
his business.
———-
Use Tradesman Coupon Books.
TRADESMAN,
NEW CIGAR SHOWCASE.
19
WRITE FOR PRICES
ON ANY SHOWCASE
NEEDED.
55,57, 59, 61
Canal St.
GRAND RAPIDS
ESTABLISHED 1864.
BUY
PHILLIPS’ CASES.
Silent Salesman Cigar;Case,
J. PHILLIPS & CO., Detroit, Mich.
ees
ey SOR RN Te
Show Cases,
Store Fixtures,
Etc.
Send for Circular.
MAKERS OF
eee for City a
and eanery
omes |
SELL
FURNITURE
AT RETAIL
33735-37739 Canal Street, Grand Rapids
Bedroom Suites. aaa, Bookcases,
Chairs, Tables, Chiffoniers,
Couches and Lou nges,
Upholstered Parlor Furniture,
Lace Curtains and Drapery Silks.
Correspondence and orders by mail solicited.
NELSON-MATTER
FURNITURE Co.,
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
PERKINS & HESS,
DEALERS IN
ilides, Furs, Wool & Tallow,
Nos. 122 and 124 Louis Street, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
WE CARRY A STOCK OF CAKE TALLOW FOR MILL USE.
arama Ae ad
sealant
20
Terms Applied to Kid Gloves.
Pique Kid—A leather of heavy weight.
Pique Sewn—A method of sewing by
which one edge of the seam overlaps the
other and stitched through and
through, leaving the upper edge exposed
to view. Used on heavy-weight gloves
of all materials.
Overseam, Outseam—Synony mous terms
applied to a form of sewing in which the
two edges of a seam are placed together
and sewn over and over.
Prick Seam—Applied to a mode of sew-
ing by which both edges of a seam are
placed together and sewn through and
through, leaving both edges exposed.
Welt or Border—The binding on the
wrist of a glove.
Bandalette—The piece of leather that
binds the opening of a glove.
Fourchette—The piece of leather be-
tween the fingers of a glove.
Gusset—The small! piece of leather in
the fourchette between the fingers.
Nervura (known in America as Paris
Point)—A form of embroidery, consist-
ing of a single stitched roll in one, two
or three rows.
Spear Point—A form of stitching; also
known as crow’s foot.
Ridelle—A stamp put on the leather
before the glove is sewn, to indicate the
size of the glove.
is
>—-o- <>
Will Cause Comment.
The advent of some extreme metropoli
tan fashion into a quiet rural district
may give rise to wonder and ecmment in
the simple community for months after-
wards. Some of my readers may pos-
sibly remember a few of the expressions
of curiosity which greeted the first ap-
pearance of the russet shoe; most of the
rural populations are even now holding
up their hands in holy horror at the
*‘monstrosity’’ called the razor toe. Last
summer a coaching party from a large
city passed through a certain country
village, several of the gentlemen being
attired in duck trousers, and the latter
aroused such comment that the store-
keeper doing business there was kept
busy for a week answering questions in
regard tothem. The farmers who had
seen them passing along the road had
never seen or heard of such garments be-
fore and could hardly comprehend their
use. The fact is that the rural popula-
tion is generally about a year behind the
ultra-fashionables, and a revelation made
prematurely comes upon them like a
thunder clap.
GENERAL STOREKEFPER.
Must Know His Patrons’ Requirements.
The general merchant should be as en-
ergetic and painstaking in building up
his trade as any young lawyer or doctor
in establishing a practice. He should be
as particular about knowing every per-
son in the community as a politician
usually is just before election: he should
endeavor to learn each person’s require-
ments for their different occupations,
and, as far as possible, their individual
tastes. In this way he will be able to
perceive almost immediately the style
which a customer wishes and thus guide
him insensibiy into using reliable goods
without seeming to act in an Officious
Manner, and the customer, finding the
article an exceptionally good one, will
give the merchant credit for it and come
again; while, if the merchant sold him an
article at alow price and it eventually
proved to be a shoddy one, he would
patronize no one who kept that class of
goods.
er Oo
Good Feelings Toward Employes.
One thing which is very unpleasant to
a person on entering a store is to find a
wrangle in progress between the pro-
prietor and an employe, or strained rela-
tions of any kind. If you have an em-!
ploye who is incapable or indifferent,
dismiss him; if he isa good one, watch-
ful of your interests, keep him if possi-
ble, even if it is necessary to humor him
a little; but never keep an employe who
presumes on his position and thinks him-
self a necessity to you. In any event, do
not quarrel with him all the time—a
half dozen words on Saturday night will
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN .
Allegan, Mich.
Thoroughly renovated, repaired and refur-
nished from kitchen to garret. It is the inten
tion of the landlord( whois an old traveling man)
to make the house a veritable home of comfort
and good cheer to the traveling publie.
E. 0. PHILLIPS, Prop
GRAND RAPIDS,
Chas. A. Coye
MANUFACTURER OF
lS, AWS
HORSE, WAGON and
BINDER COVERS.
a
I
en eo
ores
11 PEARL STREET,
MICHIGAN.
NOTHING SUCCEEDS LIKE MERIT!
Rocker Washer
Has proved the most satis-
factory of anyWashereyer
paced upon the market.
It is warranted to wash an
ordinary family washing
of
100 Pieces in One Hour
as clean as can be washed
on the washboard.
Write forCatalogue and
Trade Discounts.
ROCKER WASHER C0, oye
BELKNAP, BAKER &
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Co.
Light Delivery and Order Wagon.
S8-90-92 S. D
ivision St.,
“LEADER”
SEPARATORS.
Are “3UILT ON HONOR,” and SOLD ON
THEIR MERITS. First class threshermen always
love with them at first sight. They are sold on
in |
warranty that is “GILT EDGE.” Write for
fall
a
Cc
so sell the justly renowned Westinghouse
n Thresher, the best in the world. Also a full
Heavy Machinery, including Stationary and
Portable Engines, Sawmills, Picket Mills, Clover
Hullers, Corn Huskers, Hay Balers, Feed Cutters,
Feed Mills, Horse Powers, etc.
The Goods, Prices and Terms ARE RIGHT. Cor-
respondence solicited
ADAMS & HART
STATE AGENTS,
l2 West Bridge St.
be sufficient.
ora oa
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
WN HAL BL succes
ESTABLISHED 1865.
THE GROCER’S SAFETY. MADE IN
Grand Rapids
MANUFACTURERS OF
SLEIGHS & WAGONS,
GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.
2:SIZES ONLY. FULLY WARRANTED.
rrree
xe me
GRAND RAPIDS.
Body 2) £c. lone, 96 in Wide ron Gl ot #0 00
Body 914 ft. long, 38 in. wide, Cen te ee 48 00
On 5
/\
af
Harnesses,
9
Harrows,
Plows, Cultivators.
AND A FULL LINE OF SMALL IMPLEMENTS AND REPAIRS.
Prompt attention to Mail and Telegraph Orders. Prices right. Write for
Catalogue.
Telephone 104.
Star Island Meeting of the Board of
Pharmacy.
Owosso, June 12—A meeting of the
Michigan Board of Pharmaey for the
purpose of examining candidates for reg-
istration will be held at the Star Island
House, St. Clair Flats, June 24 and 25,
1895.
The examination of candidates for
both registered pharmacists and assistant
pharmacists will commence Monday,
June 24, at 8 p. m., at which hour all
candidates must be present. The exam-
ination will occupy the evening of the
24th and the morning, afternoon and
evening of the 25th.
Candidates must file their applications
with the Secretary and must furnish
affidavits showing that they have had the
practical or college experienee required
before taking the examination.
Applieations for examination and
blank forms for affidavits for practical or
college experience may be obtained from
the Secretary.
The writing, grammar and spelling, as
shown in the candidate’s paper, will be
taken into consideration in marking per-
centages. This step is taken in com-
pliance with a resolution passed by the
Michigan State Pharmaceutical Associa-
tion.
A special rate of $1.50 per day has
been secured for the candidates at the
Star Island House, which is good for
such time as they may desire to remain,
either before or after the examination
days.
Other examinations will be held dur-
ing the year as follows:
Sault Ste. Marie, August or September.
Lansing, November 5 and 6.
STANLEY E. PARKILL, Sec’y.
A A te
An Extended General Knowledge Req-
uisite.
DETROIT, June 9—Although it is the
outspoken opinion of many persons, and
often seems verified by experience, that
@ merchant to be a successful one should
know as nearly nothing as possible as re-
gards everything else except his busi-
ness. and should know the latter per-
fectly, yet 1 must confess that I do not
believe anything of the kind. Knowl-
edge gives him courage and confidence
and enables him to “‘rise to the oceasion”’
and grasp opportunities which the man
buried behind his counter would never
hear of. It is not so much book knowl-
edge, or even the knowledge professed to
be acquired at the so-called ‘‘business
colleges,’’ where a boy wades through sev-
eral kinds of book-keeping and emerges
a practical business man, but it is the
knowledge necessary for men in all pur-
suits if which they deal with their fel-
low-men, and it comes from observation
alone. It is the knowledge of men and
things, and no other is so valuable. The
merchant should have only one end in
view, his sucesss in his business being
his sole aim, but he should never neglect
a favorable opportunity to hasten it, and
should make capital of all the knowledge
which he possesses in the work. He
should collect the thoughts of other men
and, after rejecting that which is poor
and unsuited to his purpose, the rest
should be forged in the workshop of his
mind into a grand and irresistible force
for his advancement and ultimate tri-
umph. RADIX.
a ee
The Toothpick Industry.
Insignificant articles like the tooth-
pick represent the investment of mil-
lions of capital, the employment of
skilled labor, utilization of the latest in-
ventions, the consumption of vast quan-
tities of wood, and the operation of a
long line of complex activities. These
small articles play an important part in
the economies of all civilized nations.
To stop at once the manufacture of toys
and all not really needful articles in
these nations would be to put a stop toa
large part of the working producing
forces that constitute the origin of civ-
ilization. Some European nations live
mainly by their work on articles that are
really only mere toys and playthings.
In the United States we are rapidly add-
ing to our productions all the wares
that find favor abroad, while we have
originated scores of novelties in the
amusement line that are being sold and
aaNet Mememisninaniaamtnenineere
a chord that responds to the touch of
frivolity and that chord has enabled the
inventors of ingenious nothings to coin |
fortunes out of their trifles.
imitated abroad. There is in humanity |
|
Brewery Profits.
The Legislature of Pennsylvania has|
passed an act taxing beer 24 cents per |
barrel. In discussing this measure, Rep- |
resentative Bliss said: ‘*One bushel of |
grain will produce four gallons of |
whisky, while the same amount of grain |
will produce eighty gallons of beer. The
actual cost of a barrel of beer to the!
brewer is but $1, while it is sold any-!
where from $6 to $9 per barrel. The/
proposition for a 24-cent tax would)
amount to 1 cent on twenty glasses, |
which he held not to be a hardship.
The drinker would pay the tax. Every- |
body knew that neither the brewer nor|
the seller would pay it. If the seller!
adds a fraction of froth to each glass of
beer the drinker will pay the tax. In
other words, the trade can get the tax |
back in the shape of froth. There is no|
question but that the consumer will pay
the tax, and that is the reason why the
brewers are making no opposition to the
bill. This is a tax on a luxury, one of a
class of articles in which there are inor- |
dinate profits, and which can easily bear |
atax. The tax is a step in the direction
of reform in the State’s scheme of taxa- |
tion.’’
|
|
|
How To Put on Rubbers Properly. |
ToLeDo, June 9—Get good rubbers, |
and they will give you the worth of your |
money in wear, providing that you know |
how to put them on. Some people take}
a rubber by the rear upper and pull un-
til itis in place.
A rubber should be treated almost as!
carefuily as a glove. The toe should be|
well worked onto the foot, ahd then the|
heel. Both hands should be used. Take |
hold of each side of the rubber instead of |
at the heel. Then be sure to work the}
heel on well. If the-e rules were carefully |
followed there would not be one-half of |
the complaining done in regard to ‘he|
short life of rubbers. A poor rubber can- |
not be expected fo wear, but a good rub- |
ber will wear if it is handled properiy.
SALESMAN.
i . <>.
Wide-Awake Salesmen.
The salesman who perseveres in doing
“the right thing” is sure to get there.
The road to success is the same as it al-
ways was. Intelligence, industry and
honesty always lead to prosperity. The
merchant for whom the salesman is
working may be a veritable Shylock, but
he is too wise not to appreciate and prop-
erly reward the man, if the latter is in-
telligent, industrious and honest. Ifthe
salesman takes an interest in his em-
ployer’s business, works for the success
of the store as though it were his own,
and draws trade to it, and is able to sell
goods, his employer must be either a
fool or a knave if the employe is not
properly compensated. If suca a worker
is not appreciated in the store where he
is engaged, there are hundreds of other es-
tablishments that would be only too glad
to receive him and give him freely all that
he is worth. Expert salesmen are not to
be obtained as easily as an errand-boy is
procured. They are rare, and the mer-
chants who have them appreciate and
reward them accordingly. They com-
mand liberal salaries, and possess priv-
ileges that ordinary salesmen are not en-
titled to. In fact, in many large retail
stores wide-awake salesmen earn more
money every week than if they went into
business on their own account.
—-.+--——
Use Tradesman Coupon Books.
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. —
CLOTHING
Of all descriptions
We are Exclusive
Agents for
Boston Patent
Pants Co.
BICYCLE SUNDRIES
BASE BALL and TENNIS GOODS
Agents Wanted
TAS OnIGTMON
~~ ———_F-99-101 OID St,
PATENT BICYCLE PANTS, Guan abt ve.
— oa ee
In Grand Rapids, where the New Clipper is
made, wanted to convince the public that
Clippers run hard. They held a handicap
road race, and LOANED a lot of blank bieycles
to Michigan’s crack racing men; but when
the results were declared they
WERE SURPRISED
To find that only two Clippers were ridden
in the race, yet they had taken FIRST TIME
PRIZE, SECOND AND FOURTH PLACE.
The winner of first time had his choice of
prizes, and selected a Clipper, which had
been given by the Clipper Agents as a,second
place prize. Mr. Van Male, of Kalamazoo,
wis satistied
WITH THF RESULTS
And knows a good thing when he sees it. He
}
will own one Clipper that we didn’t ‘get our
price for.”’
Mr.
homas
IS NOT A MUSICIAN, BUT—
THE BEST FIVE CENT CIGAR
Gs pee ueg
“Thher.
IN THE COUNTRY.
ED. W. RUHE. MAKER.
CHICAGO.
F. E, BUSHMAN, Agl., 923 don Si., KALAMAZOO
Portable Bath Tub «ksi
> Can be used
HORS ane nH iis
———— as a Portable
or Stationary
Bath Tub,
with or with-
out casters.
Fase sSman Co.
W.C. Hopson & Co.
W. C. HOPSON. H. HAFTENCAMP.
Louis and Campau Sts.
Grand Rapids.
SEND FOR CATALOGUE
J. T. MURPHY, siitivitor'n,
MANUFACTURER OF
IR
Fciory, 99 N.ONIA ST, Gand Rapids
Telephone 738.
Office Fixtures,
Store Fixtures, etc.
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. |
SUCCESSFUL SALESMEN.
F, E,. Bushman, Traveling Representa-
tive for Edw. W. Ruhe.
Franklin E. Bushman was born at
Tekonsha, March 6, 1862, of poor but
honest parents, who died when he was
2 years of age. He then lived in various
families in the neighborhood until he
was 5 years of age, when he was taken
by a farmer near Burlington, with whom
he remained five years. During the
next ten years he worked around by the
day and month, acquiring the rudiments
of a common school education by oc-
casional short attendance at country
schools during the winter months. When
20 years of age, he entered the employ of
a blacksmith at Burlington as an appren-
tice and learned the trade, when he
found he was too tall to pursue the
blacksmith’s calling. He then worked
two years in a gristmill, but was com-
pelled to abandon the business on sani-
tary grounds. He then resumed the oc-
cupation of a farmer, subsequently rent-
ing a farm near Burlington, which he
conducted on shares for two years, at the
end of which time an inventory disclosed
the fact that he had nothing to show for
his two years’ work, whereupon he got
out auction bills and disposed of all the
stock and personal property he had man-
aged to acquire.
Realizing that ordinary agriculture
brought too meager returns to satisfy his
ambition, he decided to abandon the
farm, and in the fall of 1889 embarked in
the manufacture of cigars at Burlington,
under the style of F. E. Bushman. At
first he had but one employe, but he kept
adding to his force until he had eight
people on his payroll. The following
spring he removed his factory to Athens,
where he remained one summer, selling
out in the fall to W. J. Francisco, when he
removed to Homer, where he opened a fac-
tory, subsequently taking a partner in the
person of W. L. Bibbins, after which the
firm name became Bushman and Bibbins.
By March 1, 1892, the working force
had been increased to fifteen persons,
when exceptional inducements were
held out by the business men of Benton
Harbor for the removal of the business
to that place. Previous to this time, the
factory had been an open shop—that is,
employed non-union as well as union
men—but, on the change of location, it
was thought desirable to conduct a
Strictly union shop, in consequence of
which the union improved the opportu-
nity to raise the seale from $1.50 to $3
per thousand more than had_ ruled
at Homer. Two months later, and with-
out any motive, the union again raised
the scale from $1.50 to $3 per thousand,
when Mr. Bushman saw that it would
not be possible for his firm to manufac-
ture its established brands at a profit,
without lowering the quality of the
stock, and he thereupon sold out to his
partner, taking a position on the road for
the tea and cigar house or J. T. Quin &
Co., of Chicago.
In February, 1892, he secured a coveted
position with Edw. W. Ruhe, the well-
known cigar jobber, of Chicago, with
whom he has since been identified. His
territory covers the entire State of Mich-
igan and he endeavors to see his trade
with absolute regularity every sixty
days. He resides at Kalamazoo, to which
place he removed a couple of years ago,
where he is favorably known by a wide
circle of acquaintances.
Mr. Bushman was married Jan. 1, 1890,
to Miss Belle Hyatt, of Burlington, and
one child—a boy three years of age—is
the fruit of the union.
It is not a state secret that Mr. Bush-
man is now in receipt of one of the
largest incomes paid any traveling sales-
man in Michigan, his commissions for
the past two years having aggregated
about $5,000 per year. Mr. Bushman at-
tributes his success to persistent effort,
believing that, if a man can play pedro
half the time and sell goods, he can sell
a good many more goods by refraining
from indulging in ecard games or any
other pastime which takes his time and
attention from his business.
The change wrought in Mr. Bushman’s
condition in the short space of five years
is little less than remarkable, as it illus-
trates the rapid strides which can be
made by a man who starts out with the
intention of rising above the common
herd and is willing to make any ordinary
sacrifice and subordinate every minor
consideration for the sake of acquiring
success. Mr. Bushman is still a young
man, in the full vigor of manhood, and
The Drug Market.
Acids—The combination prices of
salicylic have been reduced, but the de-
cline has not improved the situation, as
outside makers are still cutting under.
How far the struggle will be carried is
an interesting question. Citric and
tartaric are both seasonably active, the
latter being particularly strong at the re-
cent advance. Carbolic is held with
steadiness under a consuming demand.
Other varieties are without important
feature.
Balsams—Tolu continues in strong
position, with values higher and still
tending upward, owing to increasing
scarcity. Stocks are very light both
here and in Europe and no advices are at
hand of any to come forward. Under
similar conditions a few years ago with
double the present stock prices ad-
vanced to 90c. Peru inclines in buyers’
favor, but the direct arrivals in first
hands remain unsold. Copaiba is mov-
ing fairly in a jobbing way at unchanged
prices. Canada fir quiet and somewhat
nominal.
Borax—A decline of %e per pound
FRANKLIN E.
BUSHMAN, WIFE AND SON
«
Tue TRADESMAN confidently predicts
that he will be at the head of a jobbing
house of no mean pretension before an-
other ten years shall have rolled around.
_ > -+ >
Annual Meeting of the M.S. P. A.
Detroit, June 8—The Annual meet-
ing of the Michigan State Pharmaceu-
tical Association will be held in Detroit
July 16,17, 18 and 19. It is proposed to
make this meeting one of great interest
to the druggist. Trade matters will be
prominently brought out and every Mich-
igan druggist is earnestly requested to
be present, whether he be a member or
not. An exhibit of unusval interest is
also promised. Representatives of the
Association have just returned from the
East, where they succeeded in booking a
large number of representative houses,
who will send exhibits. The house of
Mulford & Co., of Philadelphia, will
show their antitoxin. A musical pro-
gramme will be furnished for the after-
noons and evenings and games, prizes and
an evening ride on the River are prom-
ised by way of entertainment.
Let every druggist come. We want to
meet them all. A few days of recreation
will add years to their lives.
Again we say, come one, come all!
A. S. PARKER, Pres.
ce
“It Vas Nicht Wery Goot.”’
MUSKEGON, June 6—A few days ago a
German came into our store and pur-
chased a box of Japanese Pile Cure.
Evidently he was not well versed in Eng-
lish. Thinking the word ‘‘insert’’ (in
the directions) to mean ‘‘take,’”’ he took
the suppositories internally. To-day he
came back and said, ‘‘it vas nicht wery
goot.’’ J. A. TINHOLT.
quiet
Drug Department.
Staite Beard of Pharmacy.
One Year—George Gundrum, Ionia.
Two Years—C. A. Bugbee, Charlevoix.
ThreeYears—S. E. Parkhill, Owosso.
Four Years—F. W.R Perry, Detroit
Five Years—A. C. Schumacher, Ann Arbor.
President— Fred’k W .R. Perry, Detroit.
€ecretary—Stanley E. Parkill, Owosso.
Yreasurer—Geo. Gundrum, lonia.
Coming Meetings—Detroit (Star Island),
Lensing, Nov 5.
June 24;
Michigao State Pharmaceutical Ass’p,
President— A. 8. Parker, Detroit.
Vice-President—John E. Peck, Detroit.
Treasurer—W. Dupont, Detroit.
Secretay—F. C. Thompsen, Detroit.
Graud Rapids Pharmaceutica! Society.
President, John E. Peck; Secretary, B. Schrouder.
Safeguards against Deterioration of
Drug Stock.
A large proportion of the materials
which constitute the stock of an average
drug store are particularly prone to dete-
rioration,and painstaking pharmacists are
required to exercise more than ordinary
circumspection to prevent exposure of
sensitive pharmaceuticals to pernicious
influences—in fact, the art of affording
such protection is quite as important as
the ability to select drugs and prepare
medicines properly.
A complete tabulation of all the chem-
ical and physical changes which can
modify and injure pharmaceutical prep-
arations is not within the scope of this
article, but it is deemed apposite to
mention a few exemplary forms of dete-
rioration which will serve to suggest to
the minds of intelligent pharmacists
others which can occur from similar
causes.
The importance of maintaining a uni-
ferm temperature through day and night,
in a pharmacy, is apt to be overlooked.
Remember that your stock is largely made
up of fluid preparations holding chem-
ical substances in solution. These are
reasonably permanent at a normal tem-
perature, but, as the temperature lowers,
the solvent power of the menstruum is
reduced and precipitation of the less
soluble ingredients occurs. Results
grow gradually worse as the temperature
goes down, until disaster comes in the
freezing of aqueous solutions and conse-
quent bursting of bottles.
Change of temperature may also cause
loss and annoyance from breakage of
demijohns through expansion or con-
traction of liquid contents. If a demi-
john is filled with cold liquid, tightly
corked, and subsequently transferred to
a warm room or climate, the liquid will
expand with rise of temperature and
blow out the cork or burst the vessel.
Tightly corked demijohns filled with hot
liquids frequently collapse under atmos-
pheric pressure as the contents cool and
contract. It is, therefore, a safe rule
never to fill such large glass containers
completely, but rather leave an ample
cushion of air to allow for expansion and
contraction.
Sunlight can do incalculable damage
to chemicals, pharmaceuticals, plush
goods, and toilet articles in general, un-
less special precautions are taken to pre-
vent its injurious action. Calomel is not
altered by the atmosphere if kept in the
dark, but when exposed to sunlight it
gradually turns gray or black, indicating
decomposition. Santonin acquires a yel-
low color by exposure to sunlight. Sil-
ver nitrate becomes gray or black on ex-
posure to sunlight in the presence of or-
ganic matter. Sunlight darkens yellow
mercurous iodide and yellow mercuric
oxide in consequence of their partial re-
duction. Bright green scales of soluble
ferric phosphate and soluble ferric pyro-
phosphate turn dark on exposure to sun-
light. Red mercuric iodide is permanent
in the air if kept in the dark, but ac-
quires a brownish tint by exposure to sun-
light. Quinine bisulphate readily ac-
quires a deep brown-red color on expo-
sure to direct rays of sunlight. Quinine
sulphate and quinine hydrocblorate are
gradually colored yellow by similar ex-
posure. Ferric salts in solution with
Sugar is reduced to ferrous salts by ac-
tion of sunlight. Many volatile oils are
injured by prolonged exposure to atmos-
pherie oxygen and sunlight, while some
are eventually rendered worthless and
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN. _
entirely unfit for use. Perfumes exposed
to direct rays of sunlight rapidly degen-
erate and soon acquire a rank odor. It
is apparent, therefore, that they should
not be habitualiy presented in show win-
dows.
Drugs and chemicals are frequently in-
jured by absorbing moisture or carbonic
acid, or both, from the atmosphere.
Solids that absorb moisture from the air
are called hygroscopic. Solids which ab-
sorb moisture from the air and become
liquid, or dissolve therein, are called the
deliquescent. Crystalline substances
which part with their water of erystalli-
zation on exposure to air, thereby losing
their crystalline form, are called efflores-
cent.
On exposure to atmosphere, caustic
soda absorbs water and is liquefied, sub-
sequently solidifying and becoming
efflorescent. This change is caused by
the absorption of carbonic acid and the
crystallization and efflorescenee of the
sodium carbonate thus formed. Potassa
also deliquesces and absorbs carbonic
acid under similar exposure. Chlorinated
lime absorbs moisture and carbonic acid
from damp atmosphere, with loss of
valued properties and formation of a
plastic mass; it should, therefore, be
kept in a closely covered jar and stored
in a cool, dry place.
Lime becomes ‘‘air slaked’’? by ex-
posure to ordinary atmosphere, absorb-
ing water and carbonic acid, and being
converted into hydrate and carbonate of
calcium. Carbonate of potassium is ex-
tremely deliquescent in humid air, form-
ing a colorless or yellowish alkaline
liquid of an oily appearance. Chloride
of zinc, acetate of potassium, and chlo-
ride of calcium are also very deliques-
cent salts which require special protec-
tion.
Powdered extracts should be carefully
protected from exposure to moist air, in
small bottles with mouths wide enough
to admit the blade of a spatula. Selected
corks should be used, and the bottles
should be kept in a cool place—never in
a current of hot air from a stove or fur-
nace.
It is particularly essential that granu-
lar effervescent salts be kept in securely
corked bottles, for if access of air be
permitted, sufficient moisture will soon
be absorbed ‘9 cause the acid to act
upon ther yonated base and gradually
liberate carbonic acid. The valued effer-
vescent properties of the preparations
will thus be irretrievably lost.
If clear lime water be exposed to the
influence of air, a pellicle of calcium
carbonate is formed upon the surface;
this film sinks to make room for another,
until finally nearly all the lime is ren-
dered insoluble and the supernatant
liquid is comparatively valueless. It is
essential, therefore, that a goodly excess
of lime be*kept in the bottom of the lime
water bottle to maintain the strength of
the solution. The container should be
kept in a cool place, as cold water dis-
solves more lime than hot water.
Solution of lead subacetate is decom-
posed on exposure to air or on being
mixed with water containing air in solu-
tion, white precipitate of insoluble car-
bonate of lead being formed. When
freshly made, it should be divided into
two or four ounce bottles and kept full
and tightly sealed until required for use.
Liquor potassa and liquor soda also
possess marked affinity for carbonic
acid, and should be preserved in securely
stoppered bottles.
Quinine sulphate, like some other al-
Kaloidal salts, does not ‘‘lose strength”
by exposure to ordinary dry atmosphere,
but rather loses water of erystallization
by evaporation and becomes correspond-
ingly richer in quinine. It should be
borne in mind also that effloresced car-
bonate of sodium is stronger than the
normal crystallized salt in proportion to
the amount of water it has lost. Sul-
phate of soda, commonly called Glauber
salt, contains more than half its weight
of water of crystallization, nearly all of
which is dissipated on exposure to dry
atmosphere, leaving a dry, white powder
which is a correspondingly richer salt.
Sulphate of zine also effloresces slowly
in dry air.
Atmospheric oxygen causes many un-
desirable changes in chemicals and phar-
maceuticals. On exposure to air the
color of syrup iodide of iron slowly
changes to yellow and subsequently to
brown, the change of color proceeding
from the exposed surface downward.
This color can sometimes be bleached
and the syrup restored tu its original ap-
pearance, but here is a case where an
ounce of prevention is worth a pound of
cure—keep the syrup in small bottles,
full and weli corked. Syrup bromide of
iron is, of course, similarly affected.
Certain fixed oils will remain un-
changed for a great length of time in air-
tight vessels, but when exposed to the
alimosphere they attract oxygen and ul-
timately become concrete. The tendency
of linseed oil to dry or harden on ex-
posure to air is typical in the extreme.
Exposed to the air, lard absorbs oxygen
and becomes rancid; it should, therefore,
be kept in well-closed vessels, or pro-
cured fresh when required for use. In
the rancid state it irritates the skin, and
sometimes exercises an injurious reac-
tion upon sub stances mixed with it.
Phosphorus absorbs oxygen from the
atmosphere with sufficient avidity to
cause rapid combustion and necessitate
its preservation under water. Prolonged
exposure to air gradually transforms
light green ferrous carbonate into the fa-
mniliar red-brown ‘‘subearbonate of iron,”
which is ultimately little more than fer-
ric oxide and can undergo no further
change from similar influences.
Not content with ravaging the phar-
macist’s stock, this belligerent element
exhibits a remarkable propensity, in the
presence of moisture, for rusting his
spatulas and other metallic utensils.
Serious pecuniary loss by evaporation
of volatile solids like camphor results
from exposure of these substances in or-
dinary open wooden drawers. Menthol
is extremely volatile, and should, there-
fore, be kept in securely corked bottles
to prevent loss. Exposed to the air, car-
bonate ef ammonium partially volatil-
izes, becomes opaque, and crumbles into
a white powder. Iodine is most advan-
tageously kept in securely closed glass
receptacles—most ordinary wares are
liable to be attacked or permeated by it.
Chlioral evaporates slowly when exposed
to dry atmosphere. Powdered drugs
which depend upon volatile constituents
for medicinal virtue. like cinnamon,
cloves, orris root, and valerian, should,
so far as practicable, be kept in bottles
or some other comparatively air-tight
container.
Stronger water of ammonia should be
kept in strong glass-stoppered bottles,
which should be stored in a cool place
and opened with extreme care. When
warm, the liberated gas frequently forces
the stopper out with considerable vio-
lence, and many accidents resulting in
injury to the sight of operators are on
record.
Pressed roots and herbs are more con-
venient to handle, occupy less space and
are better preserved than crude drugs in
bulk form. Furthermore, the danger of
error is materially reduced by handling
neatly pressed, Wrapped, and labeled
packages.
Examine your stock of dandelion and
rhubarb roots occasionally to be sure
that purchasers do not find worms in
them and form unfavorable impressions
of you and your business methods.
Cantharides should be thoroughly dried
and keptin seeurely closed containers.
The vapor of chloroform quickly kills
insects which infest cantharides, and
their destruction can be accomplished
by placing a small quantity of chloro-
form in a wide-mouthed bottle or other
open vessel upon the surface of the in-
fested drug and securely closing the con-
tainer. The heavy chloroform vapor
{CONTINUED ON FAGE THIRTY.) we
PECK’S “fowpsns
Order from your jobber
Pay the best profit.
M.E. Wadsworth.
MICHIGAN MINING SCHUOL Pi", Siren”
A high-grade technical school. Practical work.
Elective system. Summer courses. Gives degrees of
5. Be, E. M., and Ph. D. Laboratories, shops, mill,
etc., well equipped. Catalogues free. Address
Seeretarv Michigan Mining Schoal. Hongehton. Mic!
DB
Ils
ONE
N, LYON & GO.
20 & 22 Monroe &t.,
GRAND RAPIDS.
OMAN At
SAVES TIME
SAVES MONEY
SAVES LABOR
SAVES PAPER
Price of File and Statements:
’
No. 1File and 1,°00 Blank Statements. ..#2 75
No. 1 File and 1,000 Printed Statements.. 3 25
Price of Statements Only:
1f00 Piank Sietemcnts................... $1 25
1.0 Printea Statemsenta................. 1%
Pudex Homeds, per eet.................... 25
In ordering Printed Statements, enclose
printed card or bill head or note head whenever
possible, so that no mistake may be made in
spelling names.
TRADESMAN COMPANY
Grand Rapids, Mich.
IT IS--0-e2-228
Making a
Name =====
WHEREVER SOLD.
THE BEST 5c. CIGAR
EVER PUT IN A BOX!
WELLAUER & HOFFMANN CO.
MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Wholesale Distributors.
J. A. GONZALEZ,
Michigan Representative
PN ee eee Bee ia alk
THE MITCHT GAN TRADESMAN,
ioe Petes Current.
Advanced—Gum Camphor, Cod Liver Oil, Linseed Oil. Declined—
acIpDUM, set i 2 70 TINCTURES.
Aeotionme 6.0) ell 8@ 10] Exechthitos.......... 2 20@1 30
Benzoicum German.. 65@ a Brigerom 201 30 Aconitum Napellis B....... 6
Garbolicuma -..20<...° gag S| Gerantum, ounioe: < @ me| Alooe 0
Chae 41@ 44 —— Sem. gal..... 60@ eae a
Hydrochior ..... a. 3@ 5 ae CC ‘—_ 40 Anata ig
Naeem .....-.....- 10@ 12|2umiperi............... 50@2 00 Atrope Beliadonns 6
Cxereen ............. 10@ 12 a eee tL. 90@2 00 ae .
Phosphorium aii... .. ae
Salicylicum ........... 65@ 70 aaa Piper coe 1 pine ipo SenenerA ss 50
Sulphuricum.. -- 14@ 5 March ] _ Scere 50
Tannicum......-...... 1 40@1 S eudn eco on. — Zz Caxtiariaee 75
Tartaricum........... 30@ Give Capeew 50
AMMONIA. Fiets 6 Liquida, (gal. 85) 10@ 12} Ca damon... ............... s
Aqua, 16 deg.......... 1@ 6 Temas en 1 = Castor ...... es
50 G0G......--- a tee aes 59 | Catechu.... 50
Corian 0.0... 12@ 14 ee ao pre egal a
Chioridum ......-..-.. 12@ 14 a a a 9n@1 00 i is 80
ANILINE. a . .2 50@7 00 oe —. 50
Oe 2 0O@2 25 assafras. . --. SO & ies
ieee ec 80@1 00 — exs, ounce... 2. 65 a o
CT a Bons avn ti me -...------ 50
Yellow ................2 50@3 00 | Thyme oo Gib Se 50
BACCAE, ‘Vheobromas..... ... 15@ 20 Fe 60
: ieee 50
Cubeae (po 25)...... 20g POTASSIUM. a ma 60
PaO Loi. ce cl 6 10) Bicarp... ............ 15 18 Eee 50
Xanthoxylum... 2D 30 Bichromate ........... 11 13] Byoscyamus................ 50
BALSAMUM, -—-- saiagaena naar ma” «aa. - =
aa beteee eee ceees oe * = Chlorate (p0.17@19).. 16@ 18 Ferri Chloridum eT 35
weber deecenesesncees . : an Dee ee oe mo... 5. ee ee
Terabia. Canada .... 45@ 50 aa a 2 93 a 50
TORAE ee ec eata 45@ 50] Potassa, Bitart, pure. 24@ 2 KA 50
CORTEX Potassa, Bitart, om... 8 = — Women. =
: otass ras, 0 -_. —- =i ......................... f
Abies, Canadian.... ......- 18 | Potass Nitras’. 7@ 9| “ Camphorated....2.. 777! 50
Comes 12 | Prusstate .............. oa 8 eaaee 2 00
(iaetons Weave .......... © Sulphate po..... 15@ 18 Auranti Cortex nae 50
Euonymus atropurp........ 30 ii ee : 7 2
Myrica Cerifera, po......... 20 . / _ Seeeigeseaerernegsay =
Pranus Virgini.............. 12) Acouttom...._ 20@ 25 ee 50
pines, ord.,...........-... 10 Smee... 22 Cassia Acutifoi “aE 50
eee 14... =) eeeeuee ........... 12@ 15 Go 50
saaionrnemnmnngnonan a. ati. S
EXTRACTUM. Gentiana (po. 12)..... 8@ 10 Se non eeenes :
Glycyrrhiza Glabra... %@ 25] Glychrrhiza, (pv.15).. 16@ 18 waa 50
tox, 1b box.. 11 12] (pose @ go| Veratrum Veride...-..022 50
x . hg a a e
——. ao Hehebore, Ala, po.... 15@ iil
6 Me... ..... 4@ 15] Inula, . eee ee 15@ 2
“ igs. SG 17 | Ipecac, po............ 1 30@1 40 | Aither, Spts Nit,3 F.. 35@ 38
Tris ere 35@38).. 35@ 40 ' \ " <4¥.. to 4
ER Jalapa, = on , 40@ 45| Alumem............... 24@ 38
Carbonate Precip...... @ 15) Maranta, Xs... |=3@ 3 ‘© ground, (po.
Citrate and Quinia.... @3 50 Fodophyllum, pe a 2 3 4
Citrate Soluble........ ee 75@1 00} Annatto............... 40@ 50
FerrocyanidumSol.... @ 50} out cll, @1 75 | Antimont, po.........- 4B 5
Solut Chloride........ @ 15 vy. ee 75@1 35 et PotassT. 55@ 60
Sulphate, i. eeteees OO Fi ntgete 35@ 38] Antipyrin............. @1 40
pure. -- @ 7} Sanguinaria, (po 25).. @ 2| Antifebrin...... 221! 15
pro a _— oo ... 50@ 55] Argenti Nitras,ounce @ 53
Tr, ESTE EN 55@ 60|Arsenicum............ 5@ 7
Arnica .. ct bere ae oeell io z= Simflex, Officinalis. z @ S et at... | 380 40
eee... ..,..-- : 25 | Bismuth 8. N.........
Matricaria —i ss - 18D’5 | Scillae, (po. 85)........ 10@ 12] Calcium Chlor, 1s, tia
— — a — 2. cantnarlace Russian, '
on utitol, Tin. - Valeriana, Eng. ‘(po.3 30) @ %i po. @1 00
Canela Act 25 German... 15@ 20 capstel Fructus, af... @ 15
nivel rare 25 30 a: cee ees iso = @ 15
n Te 2 “ “ po. @ 15
salvia of > 20 SEMEX. Sates. § (po. 15) 10@ 32
Ura Ural edt oes 10 | Anisum, (po. 20).. @ 15 og ie -? eee -s
GUMMI. Pe Shans (gtaveleons) ‘3 6 —_ Wie = =
icked... oS fo. a : a
Acacia, a —— @ #0 Caru, (po. 18) .. ye = Cassia Froctus . OB
- 3d ' sees @ 30 Cardamon...... 12@ 14 Centraria.... oi @ 10
“gifted sorta... @ 2 on abisSativa...... 4@ 5 | Cetaceum . og“
0 ee 60@ 80 wdonium....-....... 75@1 00 | Chloroform . a
Aloe, Barb, (po. 60)... 50@ enopodium _...... 10@ 12 a ee
Cape, {0.30} 20). $ a Dipterix Odorsie ....1 eg? 00 Ohloral 1 Hya Gat iJ o =
tri, io ie - e
catechia, 18, (8, 14 a8, 13 Foenngreek, po..... 2 } 8 Cimehontaine, P.'& W oan =
—— Oo bore tieee ge tee ge nen ; nite... 5 30@5 50
Assafcotida, (po.403 35@ 40 — a | (unl. _ - no Corks, list, dis. per “
ae ae Pharlarta Canaria. oo. waa
= mphorbini po. O10} sinapis Albus! 7 8 es ene & ?
a ne ‘ de —<------
Geueeie os : 65@ 80 Nigra.... N@ 2 i or....... 9@ 11
Guaiacum, (po 35) @ # SPIBITUS. Hh ubra @ 8
Kino, (po 2 @z 50 Frumenti, W. D. Co..2 00@z 50} Crocus ........ = 55
Te ees es an @ 80 D. F. R.... 2 00@2 25| Cudbear........ 4
yrrh, o.¢ ae @ #0 - ...... 1 5@1 Cupri Sulph.. 5@ _
Opli (pe 3 1003 - .1 90@2 00 Juniperis Co. O.T....1] Gee Oi besos...... ...... 10@
Shellac. ..... ell 75@3 50| Ether Sulph.......... 75@ 90
- bleached. we = ante — Peeeus : a. = es numbers.. $ :
Trageeenth ..........- { Vint Gald........1 ee sel) hCUge.
tec 1 25@2 00 ‘te te > “....... aa &
axnna—In ounce packages. Vint — 1 25@2 00 | Flake —. 12@ 15
Ape... ......-..- ee Te @ 2B
eee... 8... 20 SPONGES. ee Se 8 @9
on sceteceseeecreerece ne - Florida sheepr’ wool, re Gelatin Cooper NAR a 60
Mentha Piperite Ceaadeens 2 eee baie “eed ‘lagu o Glassware flint by box 80.
cece
Pann os ssa anand aig lt = Velvet extra shoope a Glue, Brown = 15
wool carviage....... 110) “ White...........
Te Fe 25 Extra yellow aheope? Glycerina............. 13Q 20
MAGNESIA. ec. 85 | Grana Paradiai........ at =
Calcined, Pas.........- 55@ 60 Grass sheope’ wool Car- a ee vader ae . 2
Carbonate, Pat........ N@ 2 + 5 % "eae @ 69
eee oa oe 2 Fello Pee te aie - Ox Rubruom @ 89
cen eee. Oe 140) Ammonia. @ 99
OLEUM. “ nguentu
Absinthiom. ......... 50@3 00 SYRUPS. m —_ Wel. @ 6
Amygdalac, Dulc... .. ee ee 50 obolia, Am.. ..1 whl =
Amydalae. Amarac....8 00@8 25 | Zingiber .................... 50 ere poate arrests .
Anisi -.-.--1 90@2 00 acet Be eee eee eee 60 | Iodine, Resubl........ 80@3 =
Auranti Cortex....... D Glee Ot Perri fod................ -.- oe tL segererm.............. a -
ee ST 3 00@3 20} Auranti Cortes.. i eee... @ .
Oarvopyiii 22.0222 - see han oe eS
= ee = = ax Officinalis.. ..... 50 | Li or * Arsen et tig
came ae eae eT 50 Ce
an. eee 60 | Liquor Povass Arstnita 10 12
Citronella ............- xh 45 a ee . —_ Sulph (bbl um <
reader cl, jae mings cope esas
ae. ae oltre. 50! Mannia, & F....... 2). 60 68
Morphia, fie , per hundred 2 5U
2 “ “ 3 00
8 3 “ ‘i “se oz 50
8 5 “i i“ ue = 00
810 ‘ “i “a os 00
#20 se “ oe . 00
jniversal ”
8 1 books, per hundred 83 00
82 . ° 3 50
-s. Oo a 4 00
$5 ' 5 06
— * “ig 6 00
$20 7am
a iia on coupon books
are subject to the following
quantity discounts:
200 books or over.
1000 “ ee : "an “
COUPON PASS BOOKS.
{Can be made to represent any
denomination from 810 down. |
= books eee $100
= Th icles ln
250 oe
500 “
—
CREDIT CHEOKS.
_ any one denom’n .
5 per vent
.10 se
he
NIOAOW?
a8
2000,
Steel punch
CRACKERS.
Butter.
Sopmeareae...
Seymour XXX, cartoon
Family Xxx.
Family XxX, cartoon.
Salted XXx.. ee
Salted XXX, cartoon... /
Kenosha. . 2
eee
Butter biscuit a cote
o
oe ces. CC;
a.
Soas, Dachem........
at eee...
Long Island Wafers
_—
lll?! meet
iy Outer eae...
Farina Oyster...... lo.
CEMENT.
Major’s, per gro.
1% oz size _..812 00
1 ozsize... 18 00
‘“ sé “i
asS8S SSKxss
@
Liq.Glue,loz 9 69
Leather Cement
1 oz size... 12:0
2 ozsize... 18/0
Rubber Cement
7 ogcrize... 12 00
LJ~
DRIED FRUITS.
Domestic.
Apples.
Henares, 6%
Evaporated, 50 lb. boxes 7%
Apricots,
Californiain bags .. Qi%
Evaporated in boxes. 8
Blackberries,
in ore...
Nectarines,
ei.
oe, Seeee.... .......... 9
Peaches,”
Peeled, in boxes........ 14
Cal.evap. ‘ eee 9
" C in bage...... 8
Pears.
California in bage..... 64g
California boxes........ 7%
Pitted Cherries.
a.
Cone ..............
=» Ye
Prunelles.
ee 9%
Raspberries.
Pere... 22
50 Ib. boxes ee eee e 22%
25 Ib i. 2%
"Raisins.
Loose Muscatels. in Boxea.
meee 4 5 3
. * eeeeeeeeren oxuue :
LL . 5
a Muscatels in Bags.
2 Crown... ............ - 34
3 aoe. . 3X
Foreign.
Currants.
Patras, bbis...... : @2%
Vostizzas, 50 Ib. cases...... 2%
Schuit’s Cleaned.
=o bene. 544
50 1b. boxes 5
TE
Pee
Citron, Leghorn, 361. boxes 12
Lemon
Orange
1 lb. packages
“
oS “ ‘ 10
Raisins.
Ondura, 29 lb. boxes.. @6
Sultana, 20 i . BS 8
Valencia, 30“ -
Prunes.
California, is... ...... 3%
90x1 100 25 Ib. bxs. 54
_ 80x90 - 5%
' 70x80 . 6%
' 60x70 ° 7
Silver 7@10
DISINFECTANT. :
Venoliogm, Gos ............ 2 Ov
Zenoleum, oe...
Zengieum, % gal........... 7 20
Penoieum, £a1............- 12 co
FISH--Salt
Bloaters,
Tanah...
Georges cured........ _ a
Georges genuine.. . &
Georges selected.... . 5%
Boneless, bricks.. ...... 6%
Boneless, stripe.. ....... 6%@S
Halibut,
Seokeee ....-..- 11@12
Herring.
Holland, white hoops keg 80
“ “ “ bbl 10 t 0
ares... .. 2... 11 00
Round, % bb! 100 Ibs...... 255
- _-— .. 1 30
Poon. 13%
Mackerel,
1, weee.......... _... 12 -
No. 1,40 lbs... ae 5 50
ol 135
mee we e..... ....... 10 90
a oe... 4
ee 1 15
Pes oe...
' -
Sardines.
Russian, — Sees op 55
1% a. ioulbe ee 4 25
No tee bl, 40 Ibs. —sook OO
No. 1, Kits, ao L 56
No 1, Sin ke 48
Whitefish.
No.
% bbis, - Ibs...
Regular Size.
Per box....38c. Percase..$3 40
In 5 case lots, per case.... 3 30
In 10 case lo’s, percase.... 3 20
“Little Tanglefoot. 7
ieetatia, porbex............
Costs. per case
LARGE SIZE.
25 dbl. shts. in box, pr. bx. §
Per case of 10 boxes... . 3
DWARF SIZE,
25 double sheets in box,
Cane of 1) boxes........... 1%
Case of 2) boxes.. .<- 2 oe
38
40
COMBINATION ‘CASE.
5 boxes Large Decoy L $3 49
12 boxes Dwarf Decoy {
FARINACEOUS Goons.
Farina.
115 Ib, kegs...... Se 2%
Grits.
Walsh DeRoo & Co.’s..... 1 85
Hominy.
Serres... l,l
ee 3%
Lima Beans,
ae:
Maccaroni and Vermicent.
ee 12 lb. box 55
POTLOG..... no eceee -10%@11
Pear arl Barley.
Rampire.......... ed oe oe 3%
ees connie ss cubase, wee
Peas,
oroen, OO... 110
Split per ib ee i 2%
Rolled Oats.
Schumacher, a 84 75
...,...., 25¢
Monarch, Obl.............. 4 00
Monarch, % bb i. 213
uexcr, Cleee............. 3 oe
Oven Betet.. 3725
Perce... 2 25
Sago.
OPO | uss... io eeeipe ne oe
Bast India.............0.... 3%
Wheat.
Cxected........... soth cocelen
FLAVORING EXTRACTS,
Souders’.
Oval Bottle, with corkscrew.
Best in the world for the money.
Regular
Grade
Lemon.
dos
202 8 @
4oz . 1 50
Regular
Vanilla,
doz
7Os.....01 2
00
Small.
Barrels, 2,400 count. 5 50
Half bbls, 1,200 count 3 25
PIPES,
Clay, oe ................ 1 70
7. D. fall couns........ 70
Cob, No. 8.. +s ccs oe
POTASH.
48 cans in case.
ers... . <0
Penna Salt Co.’s...... ' 3 00
RICE,
Domestic.
Carolina head............ .-
c a t.............._:3
wg We Bc... 4%
eee... 3%
Imported.
Japan, as Re ce 5%
Whole Sifted.
I noc ae ca, 9%
Cassia, China in mats...... 9%
Y Batavia in bund....15
- Saigon in rolis...... 32
Cloves, Amboyna...... 2
= Deeeemer..... ...... Hi
Mace Batavia....... ..
tee eee ee, 38
No. : eae 60
- me £..........,... 55
Pepper, singapore, a 10
"120
“ ee... oo. 16
Pure ee in Bulk.
OO 15
Cassie, Batavia eee 18
and on 25
" Saigon . 20
Cloves, Amboyna. . oe
Zansibar.. 18
Ginger, Pe 16
coe... ........ 20
: Jaen oie 2
meee Beevis............... 65
Mustard, Eng. and Trieste. .22
C ede, 25
Mucins, Wes ............. 75
Pepper, Singapore, bl ao =
‘ “
" eeeeee.........., 0
‘Absolute’ in Packages
5
Ales .....-..-.. 84 155
Ciaemes........ -. = is
ee eT 84 155
Ginger, Jamaica...... 84 155
een... .... 1 55
ote... ..-........ 84 1 55
Pee .--.--.... 8 155
Sage...... :
STARCH.
Kingsford’s Corn.
20 1-1b packages. ............ 64
40 1-Ib el. 54
Kingsford’s Silver Gloss.
oo pace ares..........., 6%
ao. Omen... ..-..... 1%
Common Corn
20-lb boxes.. 5%
—— ~ ......-..- . a
Common —
.cepeennem pines 2
ee 5
6-lb . a
40 and 50 Ib. boxes.......... 3%
Barrels. . — a
‘SODA,
ee eee ce sees Sh
mon English.. J...
SALT.
ae ogi
Cases, 243 lb. boxes. 7 1 60
Barrels, 820 lbs.. 2 50
c 115 24% Ib bags. 4 00
rT 605 Ib _. 2a
“ mim" .... a0
Butter, oe iD Deee........ 65
20 141b bags 1. ooo
~~ Sle ties ......-. a0
~~ oe 7 2 25
Worcester.
—~ Ib sacks oe 84 60
ace ea. 3%
30 ry tb cise ci cae se 3 50
oe CC 3 40
ee Oe.............. . 260
Sie ee... .......... . 82%
linen acks...... _ =
Common Grades.
100 3-Ib. sacks eee _
60 5-lb. tee 2
28 10-lb. sacks. i.
56 lb. dairy in drill bags... 39
28 Ib. . 6
Ashton.
56 lb. dairy in = sacks... 75
ig
56 lh. dairy in aon sacks... 75
Souar Rock.
56 ly. sacks...... 22
Common Fine.
Saginaw on
Ree ke ees. 90
SkEDs.
Axes... .- @13
Canary, Smyrna....... 4
Caraway .......... a
Cardamon, Malabar.. 80
Hemp. Russian 4
Mixed Bird ..... ae 4%
mesed ee bee 9
rooee .......... oes 8
eee .......... ... 4%
Cuttle bone.... ... BD
SN UFF.
Scotch, in bladders..... 37
Maccaboy oe ee 35
french Rappee, in Jars... .43
SALERATUS
Packed 60 ibs, in box,
Church’s - 620
ee’ eed eeec ee . 3 15
Dwients...... .. -.. . 330
Taverne .......... 3
SEELY’S EXTRACTS,
Lemon.
loz. F.M.8 90doz. 810 20 gro
zz Be ia nea”
°° £2 ie 4 40
Vanilla.
los. F. = : 50 doz. 16 20 gro
-_* 5 -= 21 60 ‘
2« FM250 “ 9550 «
neaes arene Grade
emon.
S08......... gogo...) so “
Vanilla,
2 Gom,..... 1 @doex..... Se “
SOAP.
Laundry,
G. R. Soap Works Brands.
Concordia, 100 % Ib. bars...3 50
5 box —....... 3 3
Y 10 Dex iots.......3
' 20 box lots...... 3 3
Best German nr
@i-ih, Dars....... .2 2%
Shen logs... ; 395
25_box,lots .2 00
Allen B. W risley’ ‘sg Brands.
Old Country, 90 1-Ib........ 3 20
Good Cheer, 601 1).......... 3 90
White Borax, 0 @& mw
eS 10 @ 3
Oid Wool... 10 @ 15
wooL
—s.. . kk... 8 @l4
Unwashed . 5 @i2
M'SCELLANEOU 8.
Taliow . i s @é
Grease butter .. : @2
Switches ....... 1%@ 2
Ginsene ... 2 Glee 25
GRAINS and FEEDSTU FF
WHEAT,
No. 1 White (58 Ib. test) 82
No. 2 Red (60 1b. test) 82
FLOUB IN SACKS.
oe, —.
Second Patent cue aa)
— 4 20
ee, ee 30s
“renew. ............... 20
neu woces ............ 4 50
we... --..-....
*Subject to usual cash dis
count.
Flour in bbls., 25c per bbl. ad-
ditional.
MEAL. i
a 2 50
Grannlaied,. 275
FEED AND 4ILLSTUFFS
St. Car Feed, screened. ..#23 06
St. Car Feed, unscreened. 22 50
No. 1 Corn and Oats ....
Nu. 2 Special .
Unbolted Corn Meal..
Winter Wheat Bran ..... a
Winter Wheat Middlings. 16 00
Nerceminen ........ ...... 14 uv
CORN
Car lots.. oo
Less than car Meta de
OATS.
— eC... 35
Less than Carlots ......... 37
HAY
= 1 Timothy, car lots....10 5u
' ton lots ll 30
FISH AND OYSTERS
¥RESH FISH
Whitefisa @8s
rem... 12... @i%
Black Bass...... 124@15
Haliout, .... 18@25
Ciscoes or Herring.. @ 6
Bluetish. @i2z%
Fresh lobster, er ‘Ib. lo
Cod " 10
Vieadoes.............. @ 8
No. 1 Pickerel @ 8s
Peee. 3... @7?
Smoked White G7
Red Snappers......... 14
Columbia River Sal-
eset ee 0
Maceorel......,....... 18@25
Shrimps, per gal...... 13
SHELL GOODS
Oysters, pez lu@...... 1 26@1 50
Clama 75@1 00
OYSTERS—IN CANS.
F. J. Dettenthaler’s Brands.
Fairhaven Counts.. 40
¥. J.D. Select. ...... 35
a9
CHhuUchtiiuwld AAD GLAssWakhh
LAMP BURNERS.
Ne. OSnm............ bisecetees.. 40
No.1 ee Cote. Lo 4)
ee . =
wien dedi e ee Lee cee cee 5G
Security. No. 1. Ce
Scenmiy, Nes 80
Raters -. se 50
el .CUl eC, .
‘LAMP CHIMNEYS. Lug doz. in box,
Per box.
~. 2 oo
neem... CC oo , 5
Ce oe 1 88
NOS 2
First quality.
No. 0 Sun, crimp top, wrap ped and label ed...2 10
mol “ 2 2
No. 2 i “ee “ ‘ ae “ 3 25
un XXX Flint.
No.¢ Sun, crimp top, wrapped and labeled. 2 60
Are eee eg ue a age
Pearl top.
_ 1 Sun, wrapped and labeled. Le tus ee
No. 2 See ee uae 4 7
No. 2 Hinge, “ ' 4 Pr
i Fire Proof—Plain Top.
No.?1, Su » plain bulb ees, ewe <
No. 2, es 4 40
| La Bastie,
1 Sun, plain bulb, per doz. 12
v 2
NO. 2 Se deed ce ee Oe
No. 1¢ crimp, per doz.. eee
ee 1 60
Rochester.
NO. t lime Gee den . 3 50
No. 2, lime (i0¢ doz) ee ee
No. 2, fint (80e doz)........._... | 4 70
Electric.
No.2, lime (70¢ doz) oo , A
INO. 2 flint (Sc doz) ...... eee a. 4 40
Mise ellaneous,
Junior, Rochester eee " ag
eT _
ieetaain MOReR 8... . _.--1 Oo
Barrel lots,5 doz See ee sd Cocalo ewe) ee
7 in. Porcelain aenees |. 1 00
Case ee 90
Mammoth Chimneys n foes Store idee
Doz.
No. 3 Rochester, lime . 1 50
No. 3 Rochester, flint. 7%
No. 3 Pear! top or Jewel gl’s.1 85
No. 2 Giobe Incandes. lime...1 75
No. 2 Giobe Incandes. flint. ..2 00 5 8
Mo. 2 Pearl glass. .....__.. 2 10 6 U0
OIL CANS,
: Doz
I Gal Gn cana with spout..... ............. 1 é0
1 gal galv iron, with spout. Coen
% gal galv iron with spout , ‘so,
3 gal galv iron with spout........ ........ 2a
Seat McNutt withspont.................... 668
3 gal Eureka, with spout. . eae eee COU
5 gal Eureka with faucet.. eee 7 00
5 gal galviron A & W See eves occ. « OU
5 gal Tilting Cans, Monarch....__.. i. ee ol
3 gal galv iron Nacefas.. a .. 800
Pump Cans,
3 gal Home Rule. .. - .-......10 00
5 gal Home Rule. : ‘ 12 U0
3 pal Goodenough. _..... oe rie 2 Gv
5 gal Goode snough 13 50
5 gal Pirate King .. ee 10 50
LANTERN GLOBES,
Wo. @, Tubular, casec i doz, Gdch.......... 45
No. G, " 2 ee ae
No. 0 Dbbhiss ees . =
No. 0 bull’s eye, cases ! doz each.1 25
LAMP WICKS,
0, per gross... io. Lo. ie (
te
anaes h, per doz. _ £
JELLY TUMBLERS—Tin Top.
14 Pints, 6 doz in box, per box (box G0)... 1 60
4g
a — be - dex (ola). &
a * . "toe. OO ton)... 1 a
es iS " “bbl * dow (bia)... 22
STONEWARE—AKRON.
Butter C roc ke, ltoGeal.... : =
Ye gal. per doz... 60
Jugs, % gal., per uoz. al 7
“1 to 4 gal., per ga . 07
Miik Pans, % — per € os w
“a be 1 us 72
STONEWARE—BLACK GLAZED,
Butter Crocks,— andZeal............... b%
Milk Pans, % gal. per doz.... : . &
ia 1 es ‘ 78
FRUIT JARS.
Manon—old style, pinta............ ......... 7 95
lee TW
half a be ee 9 75
Mason—! doz. in case, pints. ea 7 5U
quarts. . one saa, oo
half gallons. ee,
Dandy—glass cover, pints....... 10 50
quarts ... 11 OU
half gallons 14 00
OLS.
The Standard O11 Co quotes as follows:
BARRELS.
Eocene.. . —. 10%
XXX W. W. Mich. . Headlight.....+..0.) 9
Naptha.. ee | @ 9%
Stove Gasoline. «arenes ee @li a
Cylinder.........- Peta : 21 @3et
Bogime........... oe ee ee Rk @2l
ieee, Witter... 3... Ghy
Bamem siiger.....................-.. 8%
FROM TANK WAGON.
Eocene. ' _ 9
xx W. Ww. ‘Mich. Hea lli ght. no i
Scofield, Shurmer & Teagle quote as follows:
BARRELS,
I 11%
EE -10%
Red Cross, W W He adlight. eel 9
Naptha....... ....--.. oe o.oo
Stove Gasoline.......- be ees 11%
FROM TANK W AGON,
Pememe eee Guage ae 10
od Cross WW Headlivht.... .... ...... i
30
THE MICHIGAN TRADESMAN.
Safeguards against Deterioration of
Drug Stock.
[CONCLUDED FROM PAGE TWENTY SIx.]
will then gradually sink through the
drug and destroy the insects.
The modern method of marketing
chlorinated lime in hermetically sealed
parceis is not only a source of econ-
venience, but affords protection, which
serves to prevent loss of the loosely com-
bined chlorine, upon which the value of
the preparation as a disinfectant is al-
most entirely dependent. The disagree-
able odor of chlorine which clings to the
hands of the operator is also avoided.
Charcoal is used in medicine chiefly for
its absorbent and disinfectant properties.
Owing to its absorbent powers, it should
not be unnecessarily exposed to the at-
mosphere of a laboratory or pharmacy,
lest it be thus rendered unfit for medie-
inal purposes.
Fine sponges should be kept in a
closed showcase or drawer. Carriage
and slate sponges, which are frequently
allowed to become soiled and lend an un-
tidy appearance to the store by rolling
about in a window or on the floor, can be
conveniently kept assorted and conspic-
uously displayed in a wire basket with
Separate compartments for different
sizes.
Oxalic acid should not be kept in
paper parcels, since it soon renders the
paper fragile, and, in being thus seat-
tered about, may, by admixture with
other drugs, cause loss of life. Owing to
its external resemblance to Epsom salt,
and its very poisonous nature, the sub-
stances should not be kept in similar
drawers. The practice of keeping them
in containers of different style and safely
remote from each other is less likely to
lead to accidental confusion.
Remember that heated atmosphere usu-
ally accumulates near the ceiling, and
preparations subject to injury by expo-
sure to elevated temperature should not
be kept on upper shelves. Several cases
are on record wherein chlorinated lime,
which is known to greedily absorb water
and carbonic acid from a humid atmos-
phere, was put up in securely corked and
sealed bottles, which were then placed
upon an upper shelf until the heat of
summer, Or a very warm apartment, had
liberated sufficient gas to cause a start-
ling explosion, sometimes followed
rapidly by a succession of similar ones
and a cloud of dust.
Lard, ointments, cerates, and, in fact.
nearly all animal fats, are liable to grow
rancid by prolonged exposure to air, this
change in many cases being accelerated
by heat and light. Every precaution
should, of course, be taken to avoid such
decomposition; but, when rancidity is
apparent, preparations should never be
dispensed, for, instead of having the
mild demulcent properties which consti-
tute their chief value, they become irri-
tant and entirely unfit to serve as
vehicles for medicinal substances to be
applied to the skin. Ointment jars
should invariably be thoroughly cleaned
and freed from rancidity before refilling
with fresh stock.
With ordinary drug store arrangement
it is scarcely practicable to entirely pro-
tect tinctures and fluid extracts from in-
jurious effects of air, light and changes
of temperature, but any provision which
tends to prevent precipitation from
these causes is commendable. The
stock of tinctures should be placed in
charge of one capable employe, who
should be held responsible for its condi-
tion. Haste is apt to make serious in-
roads upon accuracy in preparing phar-
maceuticals.
The danger from leaving bottles inse-
curely corked is apparent when we con-
sider that if a fluid extract prepared
from a menstruum composed of diluted
alcohol be exposed to the air in an open
vessel, the alcohol will evaporate much
more rapicly than the water. By this
change of character in the menstruum
certain resinons constituents of the drug
frequently become insoluble and are de-
posited, rendering the fluid more or less
turbid, and materially lessening its me-
dicinal value. Collodion loses ether by
evaporation and becomes comparatively |
worthless.
The deterioration which can occur ina
single drug store from causes indicated
here commands the constant attention of
the manager, and much greater is the
problem which confronts the wholesale
manufacturer, who must prepare a great
variety of products in large quantities to
be distributed in the market in all direc-
tions, where they are expected to remain
unchanged through the extreme varia-
tions in temperature which characterize
the severe winters in the north and the
torrid summers in the south; and no less
injurious is the improper exposure to
which pharmaceuticals are frequently
subjected in temperate climates.
LEON C. FINK.
EE
His Job Blew through His Whiskers.
A story is told of a Philadelphia hotel
Keeper. Employed as a porter about the
botel was an elderly man named Mike,
who had been an attache of the hotel for
eight years. His most prominent feature,
and one of which he was very proud,
was a beard of luxuriant growth. One
day last week the proprietor of the
house was pacing the lobby when Mike
happened to pass. The proprietor was
in a very disagreeable frame of mind,
and he stopped and looked at Mike with
an evil light in his eye. ‘Come here,
you,’? he yelled at the porter. ‘How
long have you been here?” “Nigh onto
eight years, sor.’’ ‘‘Well, you’ve been
here long enough. You needn’t come
back to-morrow. I’m tired of seeing
you about.’’ The poor porter was thun-
der-struck. He went to his friend, the
day clerk, and told him all about it.
‘‘What’ll Oi do?”’ said he. “‘Oi’ve a woife
and family fur t’ support, an’ Oi can’t
get another job.” The clerk thought for
a minute and then said suddenly: “I
have it. You go home and shave off
your beard, and then go tothe boss and
tell him you heard he needed a porter.”
Mike followed the advice next day and
secured the situation, becoming his own
successor. The proprietor has never
suspected the trick.
2-2 a __
“Always Buy Dear and Sell Cheap.”
‘‘Always buy dear and sell cheap” was
the motto of one of the founders of the
great Rothschild house. This is a pro-
found saying and is worthy of the most
serious consideration of every business
man. The motto of many insignificant
fellows is, ‘‘Always buy cheap and sell
dear.’”’ But listen to what one of the
greatest financiers of the century says:
‘‘Always buy dear and sell cheap!”
There is nothing mean about that. That
does not smack of the miser. These
words do not come from a swindler, nor
is this advice given by a man unsophicti-
cated in commercial affairs. On the con-
trary, it comes from a typical business
man, one who thoroughly understood
every branch and department of finance
and commerce. ‘Always buy dear and
sell cheap.’? There is a whole volume of
admonition ‘‘boiled down’? in that ex-
pression. Itis at the basis of success,
and is a lighthouse on the course leading
to prosperity. Its full meaning is to buy
only the best and to sell it at a reason-
able profit. This is how a majority of
business men have attained such great
success in commercial life.
—2>_ a
It Does Not Pay.
It is not at all economical to operate a
store which has dirty, shabby and out-of-
date windows, and it is a good invest-
ment to make the windows as handsome
and convenient as possible. The money
used in fixing up a window is always re-
turned by the beneficial results obtained
from a clean, well-dressed and up-to-date
window. It isan investment which differs
only from other and similar ones in the
fact that the investor is not compelled to
wait a year or more to obtain the divi-
dends or profits. When a retailer has his
window attractively arranged he obtains
results immediately. It attracts the at-
tention of people in need of goods in his
line and it seems to invite them to enter
the store, where they will be handsomely
treated. Buta dirty, ill-kept window!
What self-respecting person will enter
such a store when there are others where
everythipg is clean and tidy? The
money invested in fixing up a window
never fails to return in benefits to the
retailer.
Wild Talk about Adulteration.
From the American Grocer.
It seems incredible that dealers in food
products should discredit their business
and stimulate the circulation of reports
which are gtossly exaggerated and mis-
leading, but difficult to counteract be-
cause they contain a grain of truth deftly
mixed with much of error. The worst
offender against trade interests is the
anonymous slanderer, the dealer who
lacks the courage to back his statements
with his name.
The main question is not whether food
is adulterated, but what is the propor-
tion of adulterated food to the total
amount consumed and the character of
the adulteration? Considered from a
sanitary standpoint, there is practically
no such question as food adulteration.
Such as is practiced is a crime against
the pocket, and not the person. And
this accounts for the indifference of the
public regarding the entire question.
Unfortunately there are men in the
trade who do not hesitate to awaken the
fears of consumers and discredit their
calling, by spreading alarming reports
and making sweeping assertions, ac-
tuated by the idea that their business
will be benefited—they credited with be-
ing Apostles of Purity and Honesty.
As an illustration, they discredit coffee
by asserting that there is manufactured
an artificial bean, made from dough and
having the appearance of the genuine ar-
ticle. That is true, but the quantity
made is very, very small, and is to the
total quantity consumed as a drop of
water to the stream. No one but a knave
or fool would offer such an imitation to
his trade, because it means loss of
patronage, dissatisfied customers and
liability to being charged with and ex-
posed for a mean and petty fraud.
Technically an article may be adulter-
ated within the meaning of the law and
yet be perfectly wholesome, but this is
no justification for putting in circulation
reports of an alarming character. The
public is very susceptible—and, about
some things, very ignorant—and fre-
quently does an injustice, as years ago,
when they ruined a bakery because a city
daily made a sensation by stating that
sulphuric acid and marble dust were
used by the baker to generate carbonic
acid, which was used to aerate or lighten
bread, being forced into it mechanically,
instead of being set free through the
action of yeast or the decomposition of
baking powder. The public freely used
soda-water charged with carbonie acid
gas, made in a similar manner, but they
objected to bread made light in a like
manner.
Recently a prominent city daily loaned
its columns to a sensational lot of **ret,”’
from one who styled himself a member
of the National Retail Grocers’ Union(?),
and which on its face was an attempt to
bolster private interests by discrediting
the goods and character of the smaller
grocers.
As an example the following quotation
will suffice: ‘The coffee is made up of
old grounds from restaurants and hotels,
yellow ochre, beans, peas, beef blood,
bread crusts and a coloring matter.
Cheap tea is nothing but weeds flavored
and colored by lead. There is more
danger in cheap flour, because the sweep-
ings from the mill floors contain mi-
crobes.”
A slight acquaintance with the litera-
ture of adulteration and official reports
would have saved a reputable journal
from being the abettor of one who made
al unjustifiable and untrue attack upon
the integrity of competitors and the food
supply.
There is no country on the face of the
earth where the average quality of the
food supply is so high as in the United
States. There is no class of dealers
more honorable than the members of the
grocery trade, both wholesale and retail,
and this attack upon their intelligence
and integrity seems to be a case where
the old adage applies: “It is a dirty
bird that fouls her own nest.’?
—>—e~—.—
Divide your work up into departments.
Give each clerk his department, make
him responsible for its proper conduct,
and don’t interfere with him nor allow
others to do so.
VAN Dios, FeUITS and NUTS
The Putnam Candy Co. quotes as follows:
STICK CANDY.
Cases Bbis. Pails.
Standard, per lb......... 5 7
- ae 6 2
- Twist ios 6 7
Boston Cream 8%
ce te 8
Extra #... oo. 3%
MIXED CANDY.
. bls. Pails
eee 5% 6%
oe EE 6 a
eo, ae ie 6% 7%
Oe 7 8
are eee 7 8%
ere 6% [%
peonen Taey...... baskets
PeanutSquares............ co. 8
Premeniircaims. oo. 9
Valley Creams.. ... 122%
Mideet, ib beakebe
ee
rancy—lIn bulk
Lozenges, plain...
_-
Chocolate Drops...
Chocolate Monumentals...................
i
camo el: 7%
Sour Drepe............. ee SS
Coen iia CO 9
FaNcy—lIn 5 lb. boxes. Per Box
Leon Oe . oO
Ce 50
Peppermant Proms. |... . 00
Ca ee
Chocolates Drops... oe
oe 35@50
Peers eee -.1. oo
A itories Deeper 7
oe EE ee lite 60
—- eee 65
es 60
ee 70
cmon fT aia 55
eaitiiemiad aad En 50
Hand Made Creams..... a -86@90
Pam Cromee -63@80
bocoraved Cromms........... f.. * fe -
BEEF IN BARRELS.
Extra Mess, warranted 200 Ibs....... espe - 700
Extra Mess, Chicago ore. .........., 7 00
Pee toni. Hone. 0 08
SMOKED MEATS—Canvassed or Plain.
ame, averssow ie.) 93%
' a cow 10
' aid toltibe.._..... : ae
_ coreg ee neg eee 7
’ best boneless......... 8
Hoes... et 7
Breakfast Bacon boneless..............._.. 8%
Dried beef, ham prices................
DRY SALT MEATS.
Lome Cee BOAGe. 6%
Preeem, oti ——
PICKLED PI@8’ FEET.
anil mai 3 00
eT 1 65
CE 90
TRIPE
cong laine baa gi 7
Ree, ema 65
BUTTERINE.
Rreemery, re oe
iy ae
Oe, PO 11%
. ee 11
BUTTER WANTED!
Prices quoted on application,
NOTE LOW PRICES
On following goods:
Mrs. Withey’s Home Made Jelly, made with
boiled cider, very fine. Assortment con.
sists of Apple, Blackberry, Strawberry,
Raspberry and Currant:
ee 70
caudate a 50
eee a 45
cotinine hi 40
i quart Mason Jara, per dor......... ..... 1 75
1 pint Mason Jars, per doz.........