m

I

KIEWS

H E W S R

I t is o n l y t J i e g r e a t l i e a r t e d wiko c a n
true friends.

Tlie m e a n

and cowardly

never Isnow wlkat t r u e friendsliip

1938

can

means.
—Kings

JUNE

l>e

Icy

This N E W S L E T T E R is published
monthly by the Greenkeepers Club of
New England, and sent f r e e to its members and their Green's Chairmen. Subscription price ten cents a copy, or a
dollar a year.
GUY C. W E S T

Editor

Rhode Island Country
Club
W e s t B a r r i n g t o n , R . I.

GEORGE J. ROMMELL, JR.
Business Mgr.
28 G r a n v i l l e

St., D o r c h e s t e r ,

June, 1938

Mass.

Vol. 10, No. 6

The ideas and opinions expressed in
the subject
matter
of this
NEWSLETTER
are not necessarily those of
the Editor or the members of the club
as a whole.

JULY

MEETING

The Greenkeeper-Pro John Shanahan
M e m o r i a l T o u r n a m e n t will be held at
the Brae Burn Country
Club,
West
Newton, Mass. on July 18th.
It w i l l
b e held as an 18 H o l e S c o t c h F o u r s o m e ,
selected drive, with
% of
combined
handicaps b e i n g allowed, no handicap to
e x c e e d 2 4 . T h e c o m m i t t e e a s k s t h a t all
t e a m s t r y t o t e e off b y 1 0 A . M .

The R. I. Greenkeepers Association
met on June 20th at the Sakonnet G. C.,
Little Compton, R. I. The next meeting
of this association will be on July 11th
at the Annaquatucket G. C., Wickford,
R. I.
The Board of Directors met on June
20th at the Hotel Statler, Boston.
The E n t e r t a i n m e n t Committee announces that there will be a demonstration of Jacobson equipment at the
August meeting, in September the Ideal
Caretaker will be demonstrated, and at
the October meeting, Rototillar will
show their attachment for aeration of '
greens.
Our Turf Bill arrived in the House
at the time when t h a t body and the
Governor were a t odds, and hence it
was defeated; but only a f t e r several
Representatives had spoken in favor of
it. Another attempt will be made next
year to get this necessary appropriation.
Attention is called to a section of
our by-laws f o r the benelt of all who
assist in sending in applications. Dues
and initiation fee are payable with the
application as stated in the following:
Dues

The annual FIELD DAY at the Proving Grounds f o r Turf Grasses of the
F. H. Woodruff & Sons of Milford,
Conn, will be held on June 28th. Inspection of the plots a t 11 A. M., followed by hot dinner and refreshments.

The June meeting was held on the 6th
at the Framingham Country Club,
Framingham, Mass. Twenty-eight played
in the medal handicap tournament, with
the following prizes being awarded:
Tied f o r first net—•
P. Cassidy—89-16-73
L. Stott—97-24-73
Tied f o r 2nd n e t —
H. Mosher—98-24-74
H. Mitchell—102-28-74
Third n e t —
Nick Bruno—88-13-75
There was a demonstration of the
T e r f e r a t o r in the morning.

f

and Initiation

Fee

Article 5, Section B as amended:
For new members, the year shall be
divided into f o u r (4) quarters. Applicants f o r membership in the Irst quarter
shall deposit ten dollars (S10.00) with
the Secretary with their application. In
the second quarter the sum of eight
dollars and seventy-five cents ($8.75).
In the third quarter seven dollars and
fifty cents (S7.50) and in the f o u r t h
quarter six dollars and twenty-five cents
($6.25).

Hit

'Em

&

Weep

A meeting of greenskeepers at the
University of New Hampshire were told
t h a t tear gas was an effective weapon
f o r killing weeds.
When one thinks of all the tears and
gas that have been poured over the golf
courses of the country, it is surprising
t h a t weeds should offer a problem.
(Boston

Post.)

-

RHODE

ISLAND FIELD

DAY

The Ninth Annual Field Day for
Greenkeepers and other Turf Growers
was held at the Rhode Island State College on May 23rd. Following registration, the usual trip to the experimental
plots, under the direction of Dr. DeFrance and Mr. Erwin, proved of interest.
Dr. Gilbert led the discussion period
a f t e r lunch. The speakers with their
subjects were as follows:
President R. G. Bressler—Greetings
f r o m the College.
R. A. Mitchell, President of New
England Greenkeepers' Club, "My Experiences with Velvet Bent at Kernwood."
Everett Pyle, Hartford, Connecticut,
"My Observations and Experience with
Piper Velvet Bent."
C. W. Baker, F. H. Woodruff & Sons,
Milford, Connecticut, "Velvet Bent and
the Future."
J. A. De-France, Rhode Island State
College, "The Present and Future of
Velvet Bent Seed Production."
At the Annual Meeting of the R. I.
Greenkeepers Association, Guy West
was elected President; R. W. Peckham,
V. President; Dr. J. E. DeFrance, Secr e t a r y ; and Martin Greene, Treasurer.
A list of the experiments at the turf
plots follows:
Turf

Experiments

at
Rhode Island Agricultural
Station—1938

Experiment

7. Wild White and White Dutch Clover
study.
8. Disease control study.
Golf Green

Plats

1. Section A — Strains and variety
tests.
Comparison of different strains and
varieties of bent grasses.
Stolons vs. seed.
Reproduction test—individual plants
from different grasses.
Comparison of treatments for webworm control.
Comparison of treatments for prevention of brownpatch diseases.
2. Section D
Comparison of fertilizer ratios on
Piper Velvet, R. I. Colonial, and
Washington Creeping bents.
3. Section E
Comparison of different sources of
nitrogen on Piper Velvet, R. I. Colonial,
and
Washington
Creeping
bents.
Seed

Plats

1. Section B
Comparison of individual plants
from promising strains of velvet and
colonial bents.
2. Section C
Fertilizer test with velvet bent.
A test of Piper velvet bent grown
for seed with different kinds of
fertilizer mixtures and with and
without lime.
3. Velvet bents for increase of seed.
Piper and Kernwood velvet bents
from several plantings.

Lawn Plats

1. Old Lawn Plats — established in
1905. Keeping soil acid vs. alkaline
in reaction, when seeded with Kentucky Bluegrass, R. I. Bent, Redtop,
and Red Fescue.
2. Nitrate, organic and ammonia nitrogen on Kentucky Bluegrass.
3. Effect of different soil reactions on
R. I. and Velvet Bent plats fertilized
with nitrate of soda and with sulf a t e of ammonia plus lime.
4. Effects of compost topdressing on
different grasses.
5. Results of arsenate of lead and
other weed treatments.
6. Plats planted with different grasses
as compared with colonial bent.

TREASURER'S

NOTICE

Article XIII, S e c t i o n C of the
tion:—

Constitu-

The Treasurer shall notify all delinquent members on June first of each
year and if dues are not paid by July
first such members shall forfeit the
privileges of the club.
Unless dues are paid before July 18,
members in arrears will not be eligible
to play in the Greenkeeper-Pro John
Shanahan Memorial Tournament at
Brae Burn.
Frank H. Wilson, Treas.

PUTTING GREENS AND T H E TIME
FOR WATERING
Student Paper Read at 1938 Recreation
Conference Golf Section — Mass.
State College, by
JACK WHITE, Pro-Greenkeeper
Stockbridge C. C., Stockbridge, Mass.
The matter of artificial watering on
putting greens is an important phase
of golf course maintenance and presents
a problem t h a t requires considerable
planning. Irrespective of the type of
golf course we are engaged at, several
f a c t o r s are involved, and each of these
items should be carefully considered bef o r e a definite program can be arranged.
The water supply to the plant must
be continuous. Any shortage, even f o r
a brief period, will cause wilting and if
it is sufficiently intense it may permanently affect growth. Shortage in the
early days may cause a retardation of
growth t h a t may continue throughout
the life of the plant, while shortage at
a later stage will cause the plant to be
abnormal in character. I t is not a part
of this paper to discuss the method of
applying water. It should be realized,
however, that artificial watering should
be used PURELY as a supplement to
rainfall and should never be resorted to
unless an actual shortage exists.
The plant absorbs water through the
root hairs and gets its supply f r o m
the soil. Water has two distinct operations in connection with plant life, the
first external and the second internal.
The external job is to serve as a solvent
f o r the elements in the soil necessary
f o r growth.
This point merits some emphasis as
only in this manner is the plant capable
of obtaining the nutrients that are so
vital to its life. A soil well stocked in
nutrients, but depleted of water, places
the plant in a position similar to t h a t
of the destitute man who gazes longingly at the display of food in the window
of a palatial restaurant. Both have the
desire to eat. To each, food is but a
short distance away, but neither has the
means to get it, the man lacking money
and the plant water.
The solution enters the root hairs by
osmosis and is conducted up the stem
to the leaves which are the manuf a c t u r i n g parts of the plant. When this

area is reached, water serves as one of
the essential raw materials in the process of carbo-hydrate
manufacture,
called photosynthesis.
Again
water
comes into the picture and translocates
the m a n u f a c t u r e d foods to the roots
where it is stored and where some of it
is used. Furthermore, much water is
required f o r the process of transpiration (loss of w a t e r f r o m the plant in
the f o r m of v a p o r ) .
According to
figures compiled by Dr. Sprague of the
New Jersey experiment station, the
average green of 5000 square feet will
throw off f r o m 100 to 211 gallons of
water every 24 hours. The enormity
of these figures, coupled with the f a c t
t h a t plant tissues are made up of, f r o m
70 to 85% water, clearly indicates why
it is necessary that we make certain the
plant has a continuous supply of water.
The grass plant might well be compared to a two story factory. The root
hairs serve as the landing platforms
where the raw materials are delivered.
The roots and the stem are the first
floor that provide a storage space and
also contain the elevators through which
this raw material is moved up to the
upper floor. The leaves represent this
second floor where the m a n u f a c t u r i n g
takes place and water is the motivating
force which delivers both the raw materials and the finished product to their
respective places.
The principal object of this paper is
to call to your attention what takes
place when water is applied to the
greens at various hours of the day. The
hours f o r watering will be divided into
f o u r general periods, namely, all night
watering, the application of water during mid-day when play is heavy, early
evening watering and water that is apiied during the early morning hours.
Each of these items should be considered and the advantages and disadvantages evaluated.
In order that we may arrive at a reasonable conclusion, it is necessary that
some definite assumptions be made as
to the type of soil we have on the course
and also the condition of the grass on
the greens. We shall use the average
good soil of normal fertility and one
that is reasonably friable. The grass
is to be one of the healthy bents, the
time of year will be during the hot
summer months when the moisture in
the soil is low and the plants in danger
of wilting.
The f a c t o r s involved in the order of
their importance a r e : 1—the n a t u r a l

E YOU
TH

SATISFIED

YOUR
Here's

TURF?

REAL

help

for

you!

Woodruff knows New England soil—•
has met all the problems it offers in
different localities.
Woodruff knows what grasses thrive
best
under
particular
conditions—
knows, also, the most satisfactory
methods of caring f o r them.
Woodruff continually experiments with
New England turf-raising problems—both in the laboratory and on the Proving Grounds.
In a word—Woodruff knows New England. And all this experience is yours
f o r the asking. Let Woodruff's unparalleled acquaintance with local conditions help you grow better t u r f . .
Write today.

GRASS

Specify

SEED

DIVISION

H.W00HRUFF4

s&tamdgAasj jjutd

T H E SIGN OF

GOOD

5EED5

THE CARPENTER LAWN MOWER SHARPENER
DON'T HELP HEAT AND
DROUGHT KILL YOUR
GRASS!
During the hot, dry period of
Summer—turf grass is holding on by
the slenderest kind of roots.
Dull Mowers pinch the grass and pull out many of these roots,
causing much damage.
Keep Your Mowers E x t r a Sharp a t t h i s s e a s o n a n d y o u will s a v e t h e

grass you have.
The

Carpenter

economically.

Lawn

Mower

Sharpener

will

enable

you

Write f o r details.

CARPENTER TOOL COMPANY
Warren, Rhode Island

to

do

this

In your battle against the
ravages of brown patch, y o u
k n o w exactly h o w much cove r a g e Special
SEMESAN
will give. One pound treats 6,000 square feet of turf
— g i v e s your greens the protection of two real organic mercury ingredients—and does it for as little
as $1.29 per application! Special S E M E S A N saves
in labor cost because fewer applications are necessary
under severe brown p a t c h conditions; and saves repairs, because it does not damage the spray rig.
Easily applied in water solution or dry with compost.
Write for free Turf Disease P a m p h l e t
— and order Special
SEMESAN
from your supply house.
5 lbs., $7.00; 25 lbs., $33.00; 100 lbs.,
$129.00. Other
Du Bay
Fungicides:
Regular
Semesan
and
Nu-Green.
Ask your
supply
house
for
prices.

BAYER-SEMESAN COMPANY, INC., DU PONT BLDG., WILMINGTON,DEL.
use of water by the plants; 2—the possibility of causing injury or encouraging disease; 3—the type of soil on the
course; 4—the item of expense and the
:onsideration of the golfer so that his
pleasure in playing the course will not
be impaired.
Research work has proven that the
plant performs certain functions at definite times of the day. Starch-making is
the most important of these. Photosynthesis, the process of making starch,
requires strong light and takes place
f r o m sunrise until about 4 P. M. For
this reason the plant will absorb more
water during this period than at any
other time during the day. Some plant
diseases, particularly
brown
patch,
thrive during the hot wet conditions.
During the summer months tempera-

tures often drop suddenly, and the resultant rise in relative humidity materially affects evaporation. If such a condition happens at a time when the rate
of transpiration is high and the sprinklers are pouring water on the greens,
the brown patch is presented with a
made-to-order home in which to operate. Water is expensive, both f r o m the
purchase price and the item of labor
in getting it to the greens. This statement can be applied if the water is
purchased f r o m a municipal supply or
if it is pumped from a natural reservoir
within the limits of the course. The
catering to the pleasure of the player
has been so widely acknowledged that
I do not feel it need be discussed at
this time. Different soils have different
water holding capacity. Water exists in

0

NEW

PROCESS

f a i r w a y
6-6-4 formula with a
humus-forming organic

Purveyors

of:

—FLORIDA

HUMUS

—AGRICO

FERTILIZERS

—GOLF

and L A W N

—GOLF

COURSE

—SEMESAN
—FLOWER
—SKINNER

m

base

and

SEEDS
SUPPLIES

NU-GREEN

SEEDS

and

BULBS

SPRINKLERS

m

m

85 State Street—Boston,
•—Seedsmen

Since

Mass.

1818

the soil in three forms: capillary water
that forms a film around the soil particles, hygroscopic water that is locked
up within the soil particles, and f r e e
water that should run off through good
drainage. Capillary water is the only one
available to the plant, and this fact
should be considered when we are determining the amount of water to be
applied to the green® Free water is
especially harmful in that it prevents
aeration and causes the plant to suffer.
The turning on of a sprinkler system
and allowing it to run all night has been
a common procedure at many clubs.
This has been resorted to in many cases
as a solution to the labor problem, in as
much as no workmen have been present
during the time the water was running.
While this may have seemed beneficial
to the budget, it is a questionable practise and many eminent greenkeepers
consider
this
operation
important
enough to demand their personal supervision. Excessive costs can be built up
in two ways f r o m this practice. More
water may be applied than was necessary, with the resultant high water bills
and much fertilizer will be leached out
of the soil in the drainage water. This,

of course, has to be replaced with additional applications of fertilizer at considerable extra cost. In addition to this,
overwatering results in a water logged
condition in the soil. Poor aeration in
the soil cuts down the rate of respiration in the root, which all means less
root-growth.
A dwarfed root system
results in less water absorption by
osmosis, which in turn means the process of photosynthesis is hindered. The
amount of water lost by transpiration
is also lessened. Concerning this latter
point, recent investigation shows that
the greater the rate of transpiration,
the greater the intake of organic salts
by the grass plant. In respect to the
advantages of all-night watering, it is
only natural to assume there will be
an ample supply to the grass the following day. While this is desireable,
the water put on at night may offer
conditions suitable to the growth of
f u n g u s diseases. This is dependent, of
course, on the temperature and humidity readings.
The application of water f r o m 6.30 to
8.30 in the evening has much in common with all-night watering. Many of
the advantages and disadvantages are

similar. If this is made a common practice, however, there is danger that a
good portion of the water supplied to
the plant during the evening hours will
not be available the following morning.
Loss of water by evaporation and the
downward flow of water in the soil accounts f o r such. If this condition is
followed by a day ideal f o r high transpiration and evaporation, wilting is apt
to follow because of water shortage.
Also, in cities and towns, a great deal
of water is being used during the evening hours, which causes a variation in
water pressures. This is important to
the clubs which depend on a municipal
supply and are not equipped with their
own pumping facilities.
Applying water to the greens f r o m
noon until three o'clock, when play is
usually heavy, is sure to bring much
unfavorable comment f r o m the golfers.
P u t t i n g is uncertain due to the varied
speed of the greens, while pitch shots
leave large ball marks which are undesirable, both f r o m the playing and
the cultural standpoint. When caddies
are sent ahead to shut off the water
these youngsters f r e q u e n t l y find the line
of least resistence the most convenient,
and double up the hose instead of walking a f e w more steps to a faucet. This
f r e q u e n t l y calls f o r an item of considerable size in the next year's budget
f o r hose replacement. The tramping of
a large number of players and caddies
will cause a packed or puddled condition. The results of this packing causes
i n j u r y to the plants similar to these
mentioned when over-watering
was
brought to your attention. Transpiration and respiration are interfered with
and the condition usually persists until
spiking or some similar operation is resorted to. This, of course, means additional expense. Again the possibility of
wilting is apparent as the supply may
be evaporated before the following
morning.
Pressures are not constant
and the rate of evaporation is exceptionally high, which means t h a t no more
water will have to be used to have the
soil get the desired amount.
The early morning watering should
take place f r o m 4.30 to 7.30 A. M.
One of the main advantages of this time
is that we are working with n a t u r e in
providing the plant with a supply at a
time when it is most natural f o r the
plant to use it. This is advantageous as
it assures the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration normal conditions in which to work. The water is

applied when the grass is already wet
and poling is reduced to a minimum. A
better general idea of the weather f o r
the day can be made at this time and
water not needed will not be applied.
This will prove profitable both f r o m the
cultural and financial standpoint. This
time may call f o r a slight a d j u s t m e n t
in the working hours of the greensmen,
but the golfer will not be annoyed, nor
will the greens be susceptible to i n j u r y
f r o m the players.
Pressure will be
more uniform and there should be no
extra loss by evaporation. Water supplied at this time will prove less liable
to encourage disease than at any other
time during the day. The rising temperatures warm the air and the evaporation assumes a more normal rate with
the result that brown patch is materially reduced.
It is my personal belief t h a t during
all our cultural practices the 18 greens
on the course should be treated as individuals. While they may have the
same general appearance, they will have
individual characteristics and will respond differently to our cultural practices. This is very important to consider
when watering. Many courses, particularly those of a hilly nature, have a
variety of soils; and greens t h a t are
on knolls will have a different water
requirement than those situated at the
lower p a r t of the course.
From the facts previously mentioned,
you can readily see that each period of
the day has its advantages and disadvantages in respect to the time of
watering.
However,
upon
careful
thought and consideration, I feel confident t h a t the advantages of early morning watering more outweigh the points
in favor of watering at any other
period.

TALKS

ON

TREES

By E. Porter Felt
Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories
Stamford, Conn.
Are you tree conscious? Most of us
are Christmas tree conscious. Too f e w
give much thought to the trees along
the streets and sheltering our homes.
Is the Christmas season followed by interest in other trees? They adorn our
streets and parks twelve months in the
year. Are they healthy? I t is a good
time to look.

Year Round Utility with the
I l i T

Lamami

A Power L a w n M o w e r — a Power Sweeper — a Power
R o l l e r all i n o n e c o n v e r t i b l e c o m b i n a t i o n — t h e I d e a l
Caretaker.
T h e m o w e r a s s e m b l y e m b o d i e s a d v a n t a g e s f o u n d in n o
other mower
Full-floating, power-driven cutting unit
w i t h 8" reel. Will t r i m close a r o u n d flower b e d s , d r i v e s ,
^ ^ t c . ; a n d will h a n d l e a w i d e v a r i e t y of m o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s
S ^ ^ i t h m a x i m u m efficiency.
T h e s w e e p e r a s s e m b l y offers a n efficient m e t h o d of
w i n d r o w i n g — l e a v e s in t h e f a l l ; s w e e p i n g d e a d grass a n d
d e b r i s f r o m l a w n s in t h e s p r i n g ; s w e e p i n g s n o w f r o m
w a l k s , d r i v e w a y s , p l a t f o r m s a n d s k a t i n g r i n k s in t h e w i n t e r .
I t t a k e s less t h a n 30 m i n u t e s t o c o n v e r t t h e " C a r e t a k e r "
f r o m a p o w e r m o w e r t o a p o w e r s w e e p e r or vice v e r s a —
t h e p o w e r u n i t will h a u l l a w n roller, s p i k e r , e t c . T r u l y a n
i m p l e m e n t of p r a c t i c a l , y e a r - a r o u n d u t i l i t y .

W r i t e for c o m p l e t e
information and
c a t a l o g , or a s k t o
h a v e our nearest
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e call.

IDEAL POWER LAWN M O W E R COMPANY
New York Branch:
12 H a r r i s o n S t .
N e w Rochelle, N . Y .
N e w England Distributor:

436 K a l a m a z o o S t r e e t
Lansing, Michigan

Ideal M o w e r

Sales & Service,

Canadian Distributors:
Aikenhead Hardware, Ltd.
17TemperanceSt., Toronto, Ont.
111 Cypress

S t . , B r o o k l i n e , Masis.

These other trees, particularly the
elms and maples, add much to the desirability of many communities and
most homes. They are local and valuable assets. They reflect the appreciation of the better things in life. Have
you noticed the increase in the number
of weak or dying street trees? The
season of 1938 is near at hand with its
added need f o r the protection of street
and park trees. Within the next few
weeks municipalities, villages and towns
will be making up their budgets and in
view of this, those who are tree conscious, really interested in trees, should
see to it t h a t due provision in the budget is made f o r tree protection.
The main reason is found in continuing and preventable losses of stately
trees due to the annual ravages of destructive insects such as the elm leaf
beetle in the Hudson and Mohawk River
Valleys and cankerworms in central
New York State about Cazenovia and
Rome. Both pests may be extremely
abundant and injurious next summer.
Defoliated trees are unsightly. More
important, leaf destruction seriously
weakens trees and produces conditions
favorable to the existence of the
European elm bark beetle—well known
as the principal carrier of the deadly
Dutch elm disease. The Federal Government and the States of Connecticut,
New Jersey and New York are spending
large sums to control this disease. Communities in the northeastern states
should cooperate and by making provisions f o r pruning and spraying keep
their trees healthy and thus aid greatly
in the war against the Dutch elm disease.
It is a case where helping yourself
helps others. By all means make the
most of the Christmas tree and while
doing this remember there are other
trees and plan to help them in the
months to come.
It is surprising what may be read
f r o m a few twigs if they are carefully
scrutinized.
There has just come to hand a small
branch of European beech showing a
peculiar spotting of the bark due to
the growth of a f u n g u s which was recognized as a secondary, rather than one
w h i c h invades and kills perfectly
healthy tissue. The twig was accompanied by a statement to the effect that
the beech had been sprayed and also
f e d last year. Both of these operations

are beneficial and would tend to prevent
dying of the branches. It was also
stated that the tree was alive last spring
and on the partly dead branch there
was one shoot which showed a most
satisfactory growth. All the other tips
had made little growth, a half inch or
less each year as compared with some
eight inches on the one shoot. It was a
rather puzzling condition.
The ten or twelve small shoots showing an unsatisfactory growth for the
last five or six years indicated that the
trouble was of some years standing.
The difficulty was to explain the entirely satisfactory growth of the one shoot,
until it was noted t h a t this started at
the base of a recently killed branch.
Evidently there had been a sudden
killing back and the sap and nutriment
which ordinarily would have been transported to a series of eight or more
branches had been diverted to this one.
The probability of this being the t r u e
explanation was f u r t h e r evidenced by
finding several years ago somewhat extensive killing of weakened branches by
this same f u n g u s or European elms
which presumably had suffered greatly
f r o m the extreme cold of the winter of
1933-34. It is probable t h a t the trouble
with the beech started at about the same
time and that the i n j u r y was somewhat
less than that of the elms, and as a consequence the dying of twigs did not
occur until the past season.
It is obvious that troubles of this
n a t u r e should be anticipated and the
trees kept in a vigorous condition by
feeding, and where conditions w a r r a n t ,
spray f o r the control of plant diseases.
What is to be the f a t e of the twentyfive million shade and ornamental elms
in the United States?
This is the question propounded in
an admirably illustrated, concise brochure entitled: "The American E l m ;
Its Glorious History;
Its
Present
Dilemma; Its Hope f o r Protection"
just issued by the American Forestry
Association. Elms in fourteen representative cities total 2,313,963 and are
valued at $66,800,500., the average
value per tree ranging f r o m $10. in
Chicago to $218. in Springfield, Mass.
Here is a summary of the Dutch elm
disease
in America.
The
Federal
Government
has
expended
nearly
$10,000,000. in control work, nearly
nine-tenths of this f r o m emergency
funds, New Jersey over $190,000., New

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THE

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Tf>A

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This year it is made still more attractive to ANTS as the result of
continued research and tests. BUCKEYE is the standard maintenance
product in hundreds of clubs. A few minutes weekly routine checks difficult ANT infestations. A simple remedy. No cans. No bottles.
You take NO RISK in buying. One dozen box of the LARGE
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return the rest and owe nothing. Four dropper attachments to prevent
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SOLD IN THE BLUE TUBES ONLY

N e w England Toro Co.
DISTRIBUTORS JFOR JNEW ENQLAND
1121 Washington S u West Newton
—
WESt New. 1658

NEW ENGLAND DISTRIBUTORS OF

TORO

Power Mowers—Gang Mowers
Hand Mowers
T r a c t o r s a n d G a n g M o w e r C o m b i n a t i o n s of 3 - 5 - 7 U n i t s
Rollers—Spikers—Sod Cutters—Soil Screens

BUCKNER
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Milorganite — Netco 8-6-2 Putting Green — Fertilizers
FRIEND
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Tee Equipment

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Green and Tee Equipment

WORCESTER
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Grinders
Antube
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Flags — Poles — Tools — Fertilizer Distributors —• Seeders
Hose — Markers — Ball Soap — Burners — Sod Cutters — Towels
Grass Seeds
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New England Toro Co.
DISTRIBUTORS FOR N E W E N G L A N D
1121 Washington St., West Newton

—

WESt New. 1658

WINTER

HARDY—ACCLIMATED
RHODE

ISLAND

CREEPING
VELVET

B

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N

G R A S S
and

T
S E E D

Fairway

Mixtures

of h i g h e s t q u a l i t y f o r lowest price t h a t
s e e d of e q u a l q u a l i t y c a n b e o f f e r e d .
NATURE HAS WRITTEN A PRESCRIPTION f o r your course.
Right
here in southern N e w E n g l a n d is t h e
n a t u r a l h o m e of t h e ' e n t i r e f a m i l y of
the Bent grasses, the principal member
of w h i c h , n a m e l y R . I. B e n t , d e r i v e d
its n a m e f r o m this, the smallest s t a t e
in t h e u n i o n .
You c a n g r o w N A T U R E ' S O W N I N S U R A N C E into your turf
by using
F R E S H , VIABIJE s e e d .which g r o w s i n
YOUR latitude in YOUR country.
SAVE f o r your club: B u y your seed
direct f r o m the grower.

A. N. P E C K H A M
KINGSTON

RHODE

ISLAND

The above relates to but one of a
number of shade tree problems in diff e r e n t sections of the country.

F O R

IS IS O >V

\

P A T C H
use

PFIZER

MERCURIAL

MIXTURE
2/3

Calomel,
1 / 3
Sublimate.

81 %

Mercury
greatest

Buy

now

Corrosive

content

at present

CHAS. PFIZER
81

Maiden

insures

effectiveness.
low

For further particulars

Lane

prices.

wiite

& CO., INC.
New

York

City

PFIZER
MERCURIAL

York State $422,500. and Connecticut
$38,700., a total of nearly $11,500.000.
Well toward 28,000 diseased elms have
been destroyed, nearly 20,000 in New
Jersey. Figures show that in New Jersey there has been a reduction of about
one-fourth in the number of diseased
trees found in 1937 compared with 1936
and that in the State of New York there
was a similar progressive reduction for
the past two years.
A serious phase is that such a large
proportion of t h e f u n d s . came, from
Federal
emergency
appropriations
which are closely restricted by provisions prescribed by the Works Progress
Administration. Uncertainty as to the
amount available f r o m year to year and
limitations on the selection of the personnel has prevented creating t h e
trained force necessary to the most effective operation. Dutch Elm Disease
Control must be based upon a general
appreciation of the gravity of the situation. The obvious purpose of this brochure is to acquaint people with what
has been accomplished. There are suggestions as to what individuals can do
in protecting their trees. The broader
phases of the project can be successfully prosecuted only by Federal and
State agencies working in close cooperation.

MIXTURE

A thousand trees killed in one year
stirs people to action. They do not mind
it much Sf t h e killing is distributed
over a number of seasons.
Nearly forty years ago the cities of
Albany and Troy, N. Y., each lost from
elm leaf beetle work nearly a thousand ifii
trees in one year. The killing was so
general that people were disturbed.
Provision was made for the systematic
The results were
spraying of elms.
gratifying. Similar spraying, though
mostly sporadic was done in other cities
and villages where there were marked
injuries. The treatments reduced t h e
amount of damage greatly and in a
number of places there was comparatively little 'spraying in later years.
The elm leaf beetle is a local insect.
It is especially likely to be abundant
in the centers of cities and villages because the older buildings in such areas,
particularly the belfries of churches,
offer favorable conditions f o r the
wintering of the pests and nearby trees
suffer accordingly. Nearly forty years

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Although this precision machine was introduced years
ago it still remains the greatest m o w e r value in Golfdom. T o be sure, improvements have constantly been
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useful service. BUT, none of these improvements has
jeopardized its outstanding characteristics. It is light
— it will not pack the sod. It runs smoothly — free
from vibrations which pound the delicate turf. It is
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turns easily—no tearing the edges of the greenon turns.
For the "magic carpets" your members will praise,
use the Pennsylvania Super-Roller Greensmower—
it's as fast and treads as lightly as a rabbit.
Send for Catalog
Illustrating
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P E N N A . D E L U X E FAIRWAY
Constructed of malleable unbreakable iron. 6 heavy hardened steel
b l a d e s , r e v e r s i b l e l o w e r blade.
T r a i n of m a c h i n e cut g e a r s o n
b o t h s i d e s (dust protected).
T i m k e n bearings — Alemite lubrication. Pneumatic tires optional.

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BUELL FERTILIZER
COMPANY
ago this opinion was questioned by a
minister who could not believe that anything ill could be associated with a
house of worship. An examination of
the grounds about his church revealed
series of dead stumps, eloquent testimony to the deadly work of the beetle
in preceeding years.
The sweeping beetle defoliations in
larger cities is now mostly a matter of
record. Each year witnesses some leaf
destruction, in many cases severe injury to elms in hundreds of the smaller
cities and villages and in most cases
little is done about it. Ten, fifty, or
perhaps a hundred trees are removed
annually in many communities and the
general opinion is that the trees have
died of old age. They are usually the
yictims of repeated beetle injury frequently aggravated by malnutrition and
drought effects. These trees are mostly
in or near centers.
Many business
streets in villages are treeless. Others
are headed in that direction. A majorcause is elm leaf beetle injury.
Most communities can ill afford to
lose such trees. They cannot be replaced in a half century. They can be
protected if there is a will so to do.

President
Secretary
Treasurer
Chairman
Chairman
Chairman
Chairman

The problem of controlling shade
tree pests came up for discussion at the
National Scientific Meetings held recently at Indianapolis, Indiana.
It has become something of a habit
to believe that spraying woodlands f o r
the control of forest pests is limited
largely to the east. One scientist described the protection of resort areas
in State of Minnesota from a plague of
caterpillars, called army worms, really
forest tent caterpillars. It was found
that spraying a three hundred foot strip
around the camps gave satisfactory protection f r o m these crawling pests and
that marked relief was secured if one
only fifty feet wide was sprayed. The
account of autogiro spraying of forested
areas in New Jersey suggests that
similar methods might be more economical in the resort sections of Minnesota than the use of power sprayers.
A record from Connecticut indicates
that the European pine shoot moth, a
serious pest of red and Scotch pine,
suffers a heavy winter mortality.
It
will be recalled that the extremely
severe winter of 1933-34 greatly reduced the numbers of this borer in
New England. Better knowledge of the
habits of the insect and the possibilities of control by timely spraying means
an advance toward the prevention of
serious losses.
The European elm bark beetle is well
known as the principal carrier of the
Dutch elm disease.
A related native
species, the red-legged elm bark beetle,
a borer at first in dead outer bark, also
carries the disease, though much less
efficiently than the introduced beetle.
The latter infects most of the elms in
its early feeding on the thin bark of
the smaller twigs. This difference in
feeding habits may account in considerable measure for the relative efficiency
of these beetles as carriers of the Dutch
elm disease.
National Scientific Meetings focus
knowledge upon a wide variety of subjects. It is through such conferences
that some of the most important advances in science become possible.

OFFICERS' DIRECTORY
R. A. Mitchell, Kernwood C. C., Salem,
Philip Cassidy, Greendale Ave., Needham,
Frank Wilson, Charles River C. C., Newton Centre,
Enter. Comm
Sam S. Mitchell, Ponkapoag G. C., Canton,
Golf Comm
Lloyd G. Stott, Meadow Brook G. C., Reading,
Welfare Comm
Paul Wanberg, 8 Curtis St., Waltham,
Employment Comm
Guy
NEWSLETTER officers, see page two.

Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
West

BUCKNER
WATERING EQUIPMENT
for Better Fairways, Greens and Tees
Made by the pioneers in golf course irrigation,
BUCKNER Watering Equipment gives you the most
practical and scientifically efficient means for keeping
your course in prime condition. In operation on hundreds
of leading courses everywhere, BUCKNER Equipment
has proved its superiority in dependability and performance. Ask our distributor to give you complete details.
Buckner

Greenkeeper

Operates on pressures as low as 15 lbs.—covers diameters up
to 60 f t . on 25 lbs. Head only, $5.50; mounted on wing base,
$7.00; on roller stand, $8.00.
No. 6 A

Sprinkler

Built for heavy duty of bronze and brass to stand abuse, gritproof, No. 6A will last for years. An exclusive lSuckner patented
sprinkler. Reasonably priced.
Quick

Coupling

Valves

Investigate the utility of concealed BUCKNER Quick Coupling
Valves on underground systems for use with hose or directly connected to Buckner Sprinklers. Always ready for instant use.

New England Toro Go.
DISTRIBUTORS FOR N E W E N G L A N D
1121 Washington St., West Newton

—

WESt N e w . 1658

When writing, mention. NEWSLETTER.

jpH

MMSM^^'SMM^WfiMMBiisS
WSSSKBKm
Harry

Cooper

and

Jimmy

T h o m s o n find

perfect

at

scene

Shawnee,

1938

W

P. G. A .

O

greens
of

the

Championship.

R

T

H

I

N

G

T

O

N

O

V

E

R

G

R

E

E

N

S

will work wonders for your short game
Greens
cut
with
the
Worthington
O v e r g r e e n give you the "truest" putting surface possible.
The Overgreen,
b y c u t t i n g in c o n c e n t r i c circles, eliminates the alternately "fast" and "slow"
strips or ribbons l e f t b y o l d - f a s h i o n e d
m e t h o d s of cutting.
No matter where
y o u r b a l l l i e s , it a l w a y s r o l l s o v e r t h e
s a m e nap or grain t o w a r d the cup.
P r o f e s s i o n a l s and a m a t e u r s alike enj o y this a c c u r a c y of p u t t i n g
surface
w h i c h is r e f l e c t e d i n l o w e r s c o r e s
and
lower budgets, for one man with one
Overgreen can n o w cut
the
full
18
holes—including travel between greens
in 5 h o u r s , a j o b t h a t has f o r m e r l y
required f r o m 18 to 2 2 man-hours o n
the average 18-hoIe course.
Remember,
too,
that
Worthington
Scout
Hand
• cCea/' out this coupon for handsome,

Mowers—the highest frequency cutting
machines
on
the
market — may
be
adapted to the Overgreen
by
simply
removing the pusher handle and installi n g t h e m in t h e f r a m e a t t a c h e d t o t h e
Overgreen
a tremendous savings
for
y o u in the cost of c u t t i n g units.
T h o u s a n d s of golf courses here and
a b r o a d — 4 4 out of t h e 5 6 C h a m p i o n s h i p
C o u r s e s in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , C a n a d a
and England, on which National Open
and Amateur Championships have been
played, used W o r t h i n g t o n e q u i p m e n t to
k e e p in c h a m p i o n s h i p c o n d i t i o n at minim u m cost.

C. M. SAWTELLE. New Eng. Distributor
3 Walker Terrace, Cambridge, Mass.
Telephone: Trowbridge 7491

illustrated catalogue giving full details about Worthington
and money-saving
equipment.
WORTHINGTON
Stroudsburg,

lliormington
mower

Please
ment

send
at

no

Pa.,

MOWER
Dept.

catalogue

COMPANY

NL/JU
on

your

obligation.

Name
Main Office
Strcudsburg,

Pa.

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