KJLLWL

»•

»'

"If I s u p p l y you a t h o u g h t you m a y r e m e m b e r

it

a n d y o u m a y n o t . B u t if I c a n m a k e y o u t h i n k a t h o u g h t
f o r y o u r s e l f , I h a v e i n d e e d a d d e d to y o u r s t a t u r e . "

F E B R D A , I t *%

1940

This N E W S L E T T E R
is published
m o n t h l y by the Greenkeepers Club of
New England, and sent f r e e to its members and their Green's Chairmen. Subscription price t e n cents a copy, or a
dollar a y e a r .
GUY C. W E S T

Editor

C l a r k E d . , B a r r i n g - t o n , R . I.

G E O R G E J. ROMMELL, J R .
Business Mgr.
54 E d d y S t . , W e s t N e w t o n ,

F e b r u a r y , 1940
Contributing

Mass.

Vol. 12, No. 2
Editors

Homer Darling
R. A. Mitchell
Howard F a r r a n t
Charles P a r k e r
F r a n k Wilson
The ideas and opinions expressed
in
the subject
matter
of this
NEWSLETTER
are not necessarily
those of
the Editor or the members of the club
as a whole.

J O T T I N G S FROM T H E G. S. A.
TURF CONFERENCE
by J o h n Counsell
Mr. J o h n Gray, 57 year-old Superint e n d e n t a t the Essex County Town and
C o u n t r y Club, located a t Windsor,
Ontario, was elected president of the
organization, succeeding F r a n k E r m e r
of the Ridgewood C o u n t r y Club of
Cleveland. Mr. Gray has been superint e n d e n t a t t h e Essex Club f o r the last
twenty-five y e a r s and r e c e n t l y was
signally honored by his club, who signed
him to a twenty-five y e a r contract, believed to be the longest of its kind.
The g r e e n k e e p e r t o d a y is f a c e d with
p r o s p e r i t y d e m a n d s with a depression
budget. T h e r e m u s t be intelligent use
of available f u n d s . Greenkeepers comp a r i n g costs m a y minimize d a n g e r of
greens-chairman doing the same because t h e g r e e n k e e p e r is f a m i l i a r with
the m a n y f a c t o r s t h a t m u s t be considered in m a k i n g an intelligent comparison of costs. Greenkeepers should
develop the executive side of greenkeeping. The r e v e n u e of a golf club depends a g r e a t deal upon the playing
condition of t h e golf course.
The
G r e e n k e e p e r should keep records a n d
costs of all operations, and develop a n d
R E C R E A T I O N

maintain a n effective w o r k f o r c e . The
highest effectiveness and r.:cral •:•: the
w o r k m e n cannot be c o m m a n d e d or
f o r c e d , it can be obtained by developing p r o p e r w o r k i n g conditions.
The
physical condition of the work m u s t be
reasonable and suitable to create r e a l
effort. Explain to the w o r k m a n w h y he
is doing a certain t y p e of work, this inf o r m a t i o n will m a k e him f e e l i m p o r t a n t
and create an i n t e r e s t in his work. Efficiency is the ratio between the in-put
and the out-put. The w o r k m a n has ideas
and experiences t h a t can help you, keep
t h e door open f o r these and r e s p e c t his
j u d g m e n t . The success of the g r e e n keeper depends largely upon his crew.
The public speaker should p u t himself in t h e place of his audience. P u b lic speaking is enlarged conversation.
W r i t i n g is different f r o m speaking because you don't know who will r e a d it
and u n d e r w h a t circumstances.
Fertilize your mind as well as y o u r
soil. People j u d g e you by your actions
in your spare time as well as at y o u r
work.
The p r o p e r way to combat disease :s
to p l a n t r e s i s t a n t varieties or strains.
Chemical t r e a t m e n t is j u s t a t e m p o r a r y
relief. The life history of most f u n g i
is n o t known at present. Rhizoc-tar.ia
solani m u s t have two spores, one of each
sex, to develop.
Lime and phosphate applied to K e n t u c k y Bluegrass f a i r w a y s in Pennsylvania have given good results. The exclusive use of inorganic n i t r o g e n produces plants similar to
overgrown
children w i t h o u t a constant supply of
food.
The g r e e n k e e p e r should educate y o u n g
men to t a k e over t h e golf courses a n d
other r e c r e a t i o n a l positions in the f u t u r e
to p r e v e n t other groups f r o m g e t t i n g
the
superintendent's
position.
The
g r e e n k e e p e r is g e n e r a l l y underpaid. The
purpose of t h e short courses f o r g r e e n keepers is to help the g r e e n k e e p e r a n d
not to create them.

We have heard t h a t t h e r e is a story
a r o u n d t h a t t h e TORO T R O J A N mower has been discontinued, with the introduction of the new S U P E R mower.
M a n a g e r Clapper of the New E n g l a n d
Toro Co. positively states t h a t this
r u m o r is false and t h a t the T R O J A N
will r e m a i n in the TORO line.

C O N F E R E N C E

A T

THE

VALUE

OF

GOLF

BIRDS

ON

YOUR

COURSE

b y H o m e r C. D a r l i n g

^ ^

^ ^

If you as a g r e e n k e e p e r s u d d e n l y discovered t h a t you h a d m a n y good f r i e n d s
in y o u r club who, u n b e k n o w n t o you
had f o r years been quietly and earnestly w o r k i n g f o r y o u r best i n t e r e s t a n d
w e l f a r e , you would a t t e m p t t o show
y o u r a p p r e c i a t i o n in some way, w o u l d n ' t
y o u ? T h a t is t h e s t o r y of t h e birds. So,
to those g r e e n k e e p e r s who h a v e paid
little or no a t t e n t i o n to t h e i r bird f r i e n d s
d u r i n g t h e course of t h e i r experience,
this article a n d a p p e a l is d i r e c t e d .
A l r e a d y I can h e a r someone say, "All
r i g h t , I'll bite, w h a t do t h e b i r d s do f o r
me besides m a k i n g holes in t h e g r e e n s
a n d a lot of n o i s e ? " Well sir, y e a r a f t e r
y e a r , day and n i g h t , w i n t e r a n d summ e r , t h e birds in y o u r s t a t e and all
o t h e r s t a t e s of our c o u n t r y , h a v e a c t u a l ly c o n s u m e d t o n s of w e e d seeds a n d
t o n s of caterpillars, beetles, g r u b s , ants,
m o t h s and g r a s s h o p p e r s . W e do n o t alw a y s realize, b e c a u s e insects a r e so
small and insignificant a p p e a r i n g , w h a t
an i m p o r t a n t place t h e y occupy in our
lives. T h e r e a r e m o r e d i f f e r e n t kinds of
i n s e c t s t h a n all t h e o t h e r f o r m s of
animal life added together. There are
p r o b a b l y m o r e d i f f e r e n t k i n d s of insects on a single good size N e w E n g l a n d
f a r m t h a n t h e r e a r e b i r d s on t h e e n t i r e
North American continent. Take away
t h e birds and w e w o u l d n ' t be able t o
exist m o r e t h a n t e n y e a r s . T h e insects
would d e v o u r e v e r y last bit of v e g e t a tion in existence. (This is t h e scientist
opinion, n o t m i n e . )
Back in o u r Colonial days t h e r e w a s
no c o n s i d e r a t i o n w h a t e v e r given t o t h e
v a l u e of birds. On t h e o t h e r h a n d ,
a m o n g t h e first acts passed w e r e b o u n t y
laws, n o t only o f f e r i n g r e w a r d s f o r t h e
h e a d s of c e r t a i n b i r d s t h a t w e r e cond e m n e d w i t h o u t f a i r trial, b u t imposi n g fines on t h e f a r m e r who did n o t kill
his q u o t a each y e a r .
F o r two c e n t u r i e s a n d a half this
s y s t e m a t i c d e s t r u c t i o n of birds, b l u n d e r e d i g n o r a n t l y along in e v e r y colony,
s t a t e , a n d t e r r i t o r y r e s u l t i n g in a stagg e r i n g loss t o a g r i c u l t u r e . I t w a s n o t
u n t i l 1885 t h a t Congress a p p r o p r i a t e d a
small sum of m o n e y f o r t h e r e s e a r c h of
t h e economic v a l u e of birds. N o t u n t i l
t h i s s e a r c h l i g h t of science w a s p o i n t e d
in t h e r i g h t direction w a s t h e r e a l value
of birds discovered. As a r e s u l t of t h i s
M A S S .

investigation, n o t even t h e crow app e a r e d as black as he h a d b e e n p a i n t e d .
Only a f e w c u l p r i t s a m o n g t h e h a w k s
and owls, a n d one little s i n n e r n o t a
bird of p r e y stood convicted a n d cond e m n e d t o die. W h e n it c a m e t o a v e r dict on t h e English s p a r r o w a f t e r a
m o s t i m p a r t i a l a n d t h o r o u g h trial, t h e
j u d g e s t u r n e d t h u m b s down. Today, t h e
s t a t e s have n o t only w i t h d r a w n
the
b o u n t i e s on b i r d s b u t have established
laws f o r t h e i r p r o t e c t i o n .
W h o e v e r t a k e s a n y notice of t h e b i r d s
a b o u t us c a n n o t f a i l t o be i m p r e s s e d
w i t h t h e v e r y o r d e r l y m a n n e r in which
D a m e N a t u r e has allotted h e r housek e e p i n g t o t h e birds. E v e r y species of
birds is given a definite a r e a to k e e p
clean. One class of birds is given t h e
j o b of sweeping t h e air t o k e e p down
t h e mosquitoes, g n a t s , a n d
midges.
Some a r e a r o u n d o u r homes, o t h e r s over
t h e fields a n d s t r e a m s , and even a g r o u p
f o r night d u t y close to t h e g r o u n d and
higher in t h e air. T h e n t h e r e is a class
to k e e p t h e f o l i a g e of t h e low t r e e s
a n d b u s h e s clean, a n o t h e r g r o u p f o r t h e
t r u n k s of t r e e s , a n d still o t h e r s f o r t h e
u p p e r p a r t s of t r e e s . W h e n this division
of w o r k is all combined it gives us all a
f r e e p r o t e c t i o n service of u n t o l d value,
and t h e m o r e we l e a r n a b o u t t h e details of t h e w o r k t h e m o r e w e a p p r e c i a t e
t h e necessity of giving it a boost.
H a v e you ever w a t c h e d a Chickadee
in m i d - w i n t e r as it diligently s e a r c h e s
every t w i g f o r t i n y o b j e c t s too small
f o r us to see? Much of t h e f o o d of
Chickadees in w i n t e r consists of dorm a n t insects or of insect eggs. T h e s e
f r i e n d l y little b i r d s daily d e s t r o y g r e a t
n u m b e r s of insects which if l e f t alone
would do m u c h d a m a g e w h e n w a r m
w e a t h e r came. T h e n t h e r e a r e t h e N u t hatches, the Brown Creepers, and Downy
W o o d p e c k e r s w o r k i n g on t h e t r u n k s of
t h e t r e e s s e a r c h i n g u n d e r b a r k and cove r i n g e v e r y m i n u t e p a r t of t h e t r u n k s
a n d limbs of t h e t r e e s . Or you m a y
h a v e noticed a flock of T r e e Sparrows,
w o r k i n g on t h e g r o u n d , along t h e walls,,
in t h e r o u g h , a n y w h e r e t h e r e a r e w e e d s .
W h a t a w o n d e r f u l help t h e y a r e to t h e
g r e e n k e e p e r , f o r t h e y live almost ent i r e l y on w e e d s'^eds.
W i t h t h e coming of w a r m w e a t h e r
t h e s e w i n t e r birds go n o r t h a n d a r e r e placed by t h e m a n y classes of b i r d s f r o m
t h e s o u t h l a n d . A big j o b is a h e a d of
these workers because the warm weather
will b r i n g o u t millions of all t y p e s of
d e s t r u c t i v e insects.
Stop a n d w a t c h
t h e s e b i r d s a t w o r k . You will see t h e
S T A T E

—

M A R C H

14 —

16

Woodruff, constantly studying and
a n a l y z i n g N e w E n g l a n d soil a n d
g r o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s , is r e a d y t o
help Y O U g r o w b e t t e r t u r f . Y e a r s
of e x p e r i e n c e , plus t h e n e v e r - c e a s i n g e x p e r i m e n t s , b o t h on t h e P r o v i n g G r o u n d s a n d in t h e l a b o r a t o r y ,
make Woodruff an acknowledged
I e x p e r t on N e w E n g l a n d t u r f . L e t
[ W o o d r u f f d r a w on t h e i r v a s t e x perience a n d continuous research
for t h e a n s w e r s t o y o u r p r o b l e m s .
You will not only learn h o w t c
grow better turf, but how to care
for
it most
satisfactorily.
Let
W o o d r u f f help y o u . W r i t e t o d a y .
D i s t r i b u t e d by
E N G L A N D T O R O CO.

NEW

GRASS

SEED

DIVISION

m.WOOJBIUFF

wMiI LnF rO rR rD ,g Ca Or Nr N•».A^MS^r^^fir^.fc-j»
rei
T O L E D O . OHIO
THE SIGN OF
COCO SEEDS

WINTER

HARDY—ACCLIMATED
RHODE

ISLAND

CREEPING
VELVET

B

E

N

G R A S S
and

T
S E E D

Fairway

Mixtures

of h i g h e s t q u a l i t y f o r lowest price

seed

of e q u a l

quality

that

c a n be offered.

NATURE HAS WRITTEN A PRESCRIPTION for your course.
Right
h e r e in s o u t h e r n N e w E n g l a n d is t h e
n a t u r a l h o m e of t h e e n t i r e f a m i l y of
the Bent grasses, the principal member
of w h i c h , n a m e l y R . I. B e n t , d e r i v e d
its n a m e f r o m this, t h e smallest state
in t h e u n i o n .
You c a n g r o w N A T U R E ' S O W N I N S U R A N C E into your turf
by using
F R E S H , V I A B E E s e e d w h i c h g r o w s in
YOUR latitude in YOUR country.
SAVE f o r your club: B u y your
direct from the grower.

seed

A. N. P E C K H A M
KINGSTON

RHODE

ISLAND

Vireos a n d Warblers seeking out t h e
c a i i k e r w o r m s , leaf h o p p e r s , flies, a n d
s m a l l e r c a t e r p i l l a r s on b u s h e s a n d l o w
b r a n c h e s of t r e e s . S h o r t l y y o u m a y s e e
the Catbird, Brown Thrush, or Cuckoo
covering the same ground f o r t h e larger
caterpillars, and other insects too big
f o r t h e s m a l l e r b i r d s t o h a n d l e . If y o u
a r e a n o b s e r v e r of b i r d s y o u m a y s o m e
t i m e g e t t h e t h r i l l of w i t n e s s i n g a n
Oriole or Catbird b r e a k i n g into a t e n t
caterpillar's nest
and before it is
through, destroy the entire contents.
T h i s s o r t of t h i n g is of t r e m e n d o u s
value to us, a n d when we consider t h a t
t h e y o u n g of all t h e s e b i r d s h a v e e n o r m ous a p p e t i t e s w e g e t sorne i d e a of w h a t
our bird f r i e n d s a r e doing f o r us. M a n y
young birds eat more than their own
w e i g h t of f o o d e v e r y 24 h o u r s . M u l t i p l y
t h i s b y t h e m a n y h u n d r e d s of g r u b a n d
caterpillar eating birds around us a n d
w e h a v e a r o u g h e s t i m a t e of t h e g r e a t
c o n s u m p t i o n of i n j u r i o u s i n s e c t s w h i c h
o u r b i r d h e l p e r s a r e r e s p o n s i b l e f o r . So,
don't condemn t h e birds that make holes
in y o u r g r e e n s , b u t t h a n k t h e m f o r calling to your attention t h e fact that t h e
greens a r e infested with
destructive
grubs.
N o w w h a t a b o u t t h e v a l u e of w e e d
destroying birds to the greenkeeper?
Fortunately, the Sparrow and Finch
families a r e a m o n g t h e most widely dist r i b u t e d , prolific, a n d h a r d y b i r d s , w h o
are your co-workers in t h e consumption
of w e e d seeds. S o m e m e m b e r s of t h e i r
l a r g e c l a n a r e w i t h u s e v e r y d a y of t h e
y e a r . N e a r l y all, i t is t r u e , v a r y t h e i r
diet with insects, b u t surely f o r this
r e a s o n t h e y a r e all t h e m o r e w e l c o m e .
"Certain garden weeds produce an
i n c r e d i b l e n u m b e r of s e e d s , " says D r .
S y l v e s t e r J u d d of t h e Biological S u r v e y .
" A s i n g l e p l a n t of o n e of t h e s e s p e c i e s
may m a t u r e as many as a hundred
t h o u s a n d s e e d s in a s e a s o n , a n d if u n c h e c k e d w o u l d p r o d u c e i n t h e s p r i n g of
t h e t h i r d y e a r t e n billion p l a n t s . " T h e
g r e a t m a j o r i t y of w e e d s b e i n g a n n u a l s ,
the parent-plant dying a f t e r f r o s t or
one s e a s o n s g r o w t h a n d t h e s p e c i e s livi n g o n l y in t h e e m b r y o d u r i n g t h e r e m a i n d e r of t h e y e a r , i t f o l l o w s t h a t
s e e d - e a t i n g b i r d s a r e of e n o r m o u s p r a c tical value.
I n t h e f a l l m a n y flocks of s o n g s p a r rows, chipping sparrows, white t h r o a t e d
sparrows, a n d goldfinches m a y b e seen
c l e a n i n g off seed of c r a b g r a s s , d a n d e lion, p l a n t a i n , a n d o t h e r t u r f e n e m i e s .
A f e w of t h e s e t e n d e r s p a r r o w s w h i c h

w i n t e r in t h e South a r e r e p l a c e d in t h e
l a t e f a l l by t h e i r relatives, such as t h e
j u n c o s , snowflakes, t r e e sparrows, siskins, etc.
Now even t h e m o s t sluggish birds,
(some of t h e finch f a m i l y have t h e r e p u t a t i o n f o r b e i n g t h a t ) a r e f a s t livers
c o m p a r e d to m e n . T h e i r h e a r t s b e a t
twice as f a s t as ours. T h e r e f o r e , t h e
q u a n t i t y of f o o d r e q u i r e d to sustain such
high vitality, especially in w i n t e r , is
e n o r m o u s . A t r e e s p a r r o w will e a t one
h u n d r e d seeds of pigeon g r a s s a t a
single meal, and a snowflake observed
in a M a s s a c h u s e t t s g a r d e n one F e b r u a r y m o r n i n g , picked u p m o r e t h a n a
t h o u s a n d seeds of pigweed f o r b r e a k fast.
In view of t h e e n o r m o u s a m o u n t of
w o r k c e r t a i n b i r d s a r e capable of doing
f o r us, how m a n y t a k e pains to secure
t h e i r services c o n t i n u o u s l y ? T h e t r u t h
is t h a t v e r y f e w realize t h e t r u e situation, t h e r e f o r e t h e obvious t h i n g t o be
done is n e g l e c t e d .
One of t h e most s u c c e s s f u l peach
g r o w e r s in Georgia e n t e r e d into a business-like u n d e r s t a n d i n g with a n u m b e r
of birds whose special a p p e t i t e s f o r
special insect pests m a d e t h e m v a l u a b l e
co-workers. Up and down t h e long rows
of t r e e s he e r e c t e d poles f r o m t w e n t y
t o t h i r t y f e e t high and f r o m t h e m h u n g
g o a r d s to a t t r a c t t h e m a r t i n s who have
a special a p p e t i t e f o r t h e curculio beetle,
p e r h a p s t h e m o s t d e s t r u c t i v e pest this
m a n had. T h e m a r t i n s a r r i v e d and lived
t h e r e j u s t w h e n t h e curculio, t h e shot
hole b o r e r , a n d t h e r o o t b o r e r w e r e
emerging.
The bluebirds came and
r e a d i l y a c c e p t e d t h e n e s t boxes e r e c t e d
f o r them and destroyed immense quantities of insects t a k e n f r o m t h e t r e e s ,
g r o u n d a n d air. T h e n he a t t r a c t e d t h e
chickadees, a n d n u t h a t c h e s by placing
r a w p e a n u t s on t h e g r o u n d and in t h e
t r e e s . Once t h i s f o o d w a s f o u n d this
f a m i l y of b i r d s j o i n e d t h e a r m y of
helpers. This intensified a t t a c k on t h e
i n j u r i o u s insects which s u p p l e m e n t e d
t h e s p r a y i n g p r o g r a m paid dividends. It
i n c r e a s e d t h e peach g r o w e r ' s cash income f r o m t h e sale of a l a r g e r q u a n t i t y
of b e t t e r f r u i t .

\

t h e sake of e x p e r i m e n t , a l t h o u g h skeptical, last s p r i n g he p u t u p 21 bird
houses, placed two r o d s a p a r t a l o n g t h e
f e n c e . T h e houses w e r e some t h a t he
and his boys m a d e d u r i n g t h e w i n t e r
f r o m p a c k i n g boxes.
T h i r t e e n of t h e
houses w e r e occupied d u r i n g t h e following s u m m e r , 6 by w r e n s , 4 b y bluebirds,
and 3 by colonies of m a r t i n s . T h e grassh o p p e r s t h a t s u m m e r m a d e a rich living
f o r t h e n e a r b y birds. T h a t f a r m e r h a d
t h e s a t i s f a c t i o n of g a t h e r i n g 23 bushels
of corn f r o m t h e t h r e e r o w s t h a t g r e w
n e x t to t h e f e n c e , r i g h t w h e r e t h e r e
had been no corn t h e y e a r b e f o r e .
A t t h i s point, t h e r e a d e r s of this
article who in t h e p a s t have given little
t h o u g h t to t h e value' of b i r d s m a y begin to realize t h e r e a r e some a d v a n t a g e s
in e n c o u r a g i n g m o r e birds t o live n e a r
us.
Surely, t h e g r e e n k e e p e r
cannot
u n d e r e s t i m a t e t h e value of birds on t h e
golf course, f o r t h e y a r e w o r k i n g h a n d
and glove with him to d e s t r o y t h e v e r y
t h i n g s t h a t give so m u c h t r o u b l e . M o r e
t h a n t h a t it is a source of a g r e a t deal
of s a t i s f a c t i o n in our daily lives to become f a m i l i a r with t h e s e i n t e r e s t i n g
f r i e n d s . To be able to i d e n t i f y t h e m
by t h e i r songs, t h e i r flight, or t h e i r
coloring a n d to h a v e t h e g r a t i f i c a t i o n
of seeing t h e m occupy t h e houses we
put up f o r them truly adds something
to t h e j o y of living.
I t would seem as t h o u g h t h e p r a c t i cal g o l f e r should see in birds an economical a n d efficient aid to t h e Greenk e e p e r and G r e e n C o m m i t t e e in m a i n t a i n i n g a good t u r f f r e e f r o m distressing a n t - m o u n d s , w o r m casts, or b a r e
g r o u n d . If t h e m e m b e r s h i p of y o u r club
realized t h a t a n t s , e a r t h w o r m s , w h i t e
grubs,
Japanese
beetles,
cutworms,
g r a s s h o p p e r s , c r a b g r a s s , chickweed, a n d
p e n n y w o r t a r e n o t so m u c h to' be f e a r e d
w h e r e birds a r e a b u n d a n t , w o u l d n ' t t h e y
gladly join w i t h you in a m o v e m e n t to
e n c o u r a g e m o r e b i r d s t o live on t h e
golf c o u r s e ? W h y not p r o m o t e t h e idea
of a b i r d s a n c t u a r y o n e v e r y

course?

T h e m a n who a l r e a d y h a s an i n t e r e s t
in t h e o u t - o f - d o o r s will see i m m e d i a t e ly t h e v i r t u e of m a k i n g a bird s a n c t u a r y
of t h e Golf Course f o r he realizes w h a t
a r e s o u r c e t h e bird l i f e of t h e club is to
those who a r e n o t p l a y i n g . T h e cheerf u l songs, t h e b r i g h t bits of color a n d
t h e a m u s i n g antics of t h e birds a r e decided assets to a n y club w h e r e v e r located.

A n o t h e r c o n c r e t e i n s t a n c e of t h e use
of bird h o u s e s - i s described by t h e following q u o t a t i o n f r o m Mr. C. C. C l u t e :
" I k n o w one f a r m e r who lost one summ e r t h r e e r o w s of corn 40 r o d s long.
T h e corn g r e w n e x t t o a f e n c e r o w
heavily sodded w i t h bluegrass, which
The m a j o r i t y of Golf Clubs in this
pfSqTuced s w a r m S . of g r a s s h d p p e r s . F o r ' c o u n t r y a r e ideally s i t u a t e d of or; giving

W o r l i l i II g i o i i C u t t i n g U n i t s

For

of operating and maintenance efficiency

E a c h y e a r since 1914 W o r t h i n g t o n e n g i n e e r i n g r e s e a r c h a n d p r a c t i c a l o p e r a t i n g
e x p e r i e n c e h a v e b e e n t h e bases of c o n t i n u o u s a l t e r a t i o n s a n d i m p r o v e m e n t s t o m e e t
c h a n g i n g m o w i n g conditions a n d t h e d e m a n d s of o u r c u s t o m e r s f o r t h e v e r y l a t e s t
a n d m o s t a c c e p t a b l e m a c h i n e i n i t s field. T h e r e a r e 26 y e a r s of this policy of
l e a d e r s h i p i n t h e n e w 1940 W o r t h i n g t o n C u t t i n g U n i t . A s always, i t is t o d a y , t h e
m o s t m o d e r n and u p - t o - d a t e c u t t i n g u n i t available.

H e r e a r e t h e o u t s t a n d i n g f e a t u r e s of
the 1940 Worthington Cutting Unit:
1. Y o u r choice of two designs of fly
k n i f e r e e l s — t h e c o n v e n t i o n a l spiral
t y p e or t h e p a t e n t e d " V " or h e r r i n g bone t y p e .
2.

T h eflyk n i f e steel used by W o r t h i n g t o n is a w i d e r section t h a n ever, allowing f o r g r e a t e r w e a r , and g r e a t l y
l e n g t h e n i n g t h e life of t h e reel.

7.

T h eflyk n i f e r e e l and t h e bed k n i f e
b a c k i n g a n d steel can b e r e m o v e d
for

grinding

in

9

minutes

time.

Complete d i s m a n t l i n g t i m e f o r t h e
e n t i r e u n i t r e q u i r e s b u t 11 m i n u t e s .
This h a s b e e n a t i m e s a v e r f o r
W o r t h i n g t o n o w n e r s since 1914.
8.

Notice t h e s t u r d y , d e m o u n t a b l e r i m s
on t h e g r o u n d wheels w i t h double
row of auxiliary corrugations t o give

%

deeper p e n e t r a t i o n a n d b e t t e r t r a c tion on B e r m u d a t u r f and i n o t h e r
h e a v y m o w i n g services. Acclaimed
t h e best wheel r i m t r e a d of a n y
m o w e r since its i n t r o d u c t i o n 4 y e a r s
ago. Note, too, t h a t t h e s e rims,
w h e n w o r n o u t or if b r o k e n b y accid e n t , can b e r e m o v e d and r e p l a c e d
in a f e w m o m e n t s , a t less t h a n %
t h e cost of a whole n e w wheel.

A.
I ¥

3.

4.

This n e w k n i f e section is a special
h e a t - t r e a t e d , oil-tempered alloy steel
w i t h a m i n i m u m Rockwell h a r d n e s s
of 40-C.
The l a r g e s t d i a m e t e r section of cold
rolled steel ever used a s a fly k n i f e
s h a f t is p a r t of t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n of
this 1940 u n i t .

5.

T h eflyk n i f e blades a r e firmly j o i n e d
and s u p p o r t e d t o t h e fly k n i f e s h a f t
w i t h 6 steel discs i n s t e a d of 5 discs
or spiders.

6.

T h e u n i t h a s a s e p a r a t e t r a i n of
m a c h i n e c u t g e a r s f o r each g r o u n d
wheel r u n n i n g in oil b a t h o n b o t h
sides. This h a s b e e n s t a n d a r d on all
W o r t h i n g t o n C u t t i n g U n i t s since
1914 a n d has p r o v e d itself b y 26
y e a r s of a c t u a l use.

|

Rubber
pneumatic
tires are
interchangeable
and optional
equipment
for those who prefer
them.
*

9.

T h e single h a n d a d j u s t m e n t f o r r e g u lation of t h e bed k n i f e steel is a n
exclusive W o r t h i n g t o n f e a t u r e a n d
t h e quickest a d j u s t m e n t of a n y cutt i n g u n i t on t h e m a r k e t . I t a u t o m a t i c a l l y locks in a n y p o s i t i o n — n o
tools r e q u i r e d .
10. W o r t h i n g t o n C u t t i n g U n i t s a r e lubricated
on a u t o m o t i v e
principles.
W h e n g e a r housings h a v e been filled
to p r o p e r level t h e y n e e d only b e
checked once d u r i n g t h e season.
T h e r e a r e no o t h e r places t o g r e a s e
or oil on t h e c u t t i n g u n i t s o r f r a m e .

Worthington Mower Company -

I9 IO

improved to give you the maximum

— at a minimum of labor, time and cost.

a ,

P r o m t h e g r e e n k e e p e r s ' a n d o p e r a t o r s ' viewpoints, t h e r e is less f u s s i n g a n d
t r o u b l e with W o r t h i n g t o n C u t t i n g U n i t s and G a n g Mowers. T h e g e n e r a l design is
simplicity itself, its c o n s t r u c t i o n s t r o n g and s t u r d y to give y e a r s of service, a n d a
"beautiful cut u n d e r all conditions w i t h a c u t t i n g r a n g e u p to 4 inches. I t s g r o u n d
w e i g h t is 223 p o u n d s .
I n v e s t i g a t e t h e W o r t h i n g t o n 1940 C u t t i n g U n i t b e f o r e y o u r m o w i n g p r o b l e m
becomes a c u t e this spring, or w r i t e us t o d a y f o r complete d a t a a n d specifications.

C.

M,

S A W T E L L E

3 WALKER

TERRACE

.
-

.

.

CAMBRIDGE,

.
MASS.

NEW
-

ENGLAND

TELEPHONE:

DISTRIBUTOR

TROWBRIDGE

K t r o n d s b n r f i , P e n n s y l v a n i a . S a l e s A g e n c i e s . .VII P r i n c i p a l

7491

Cities

s a n c t u a r y to birds w i t h o u t t h e slightest
i n c o n v e n i e n c e to t h e g a m e . O f t e n t h e y
a r e lacking in only a f e w details t h a t
k e e p t h e m f r o m b e i n g t h e m o s t att r a c t i v e a r e a s in t h e vicinity f o r bird
life, and t h e s e w a n t s a r e easily supplied.
S o m e t i m e s it is a lack of s a f e n e s t i n g places, or a lack of f o o d b e a r i n g
s h r u b s or t r e e s , or an over a b u n d a n c e
of cats or o t h e r e n e m i e s of birds. Alw a y s t h e r e is s u n s h i n e loved by t h e
birds, t h e v a r i e d t o p o g r a p h y , a n d a cert a i n a m o u n t of seclusion, especially in
early morning.
It is a m i s t a k e n idea t h a t a bird
s a n c t u a r y m u s t be a l a r g e a r e a covered
with a t a n g l e of b u s h e s a n d vines. T h e
places in this c o u n t r y which a r e r i c h e s t
in bird life a r e those t h a t combine open
a r e a s w i t h clumps of s h r u b b e r y or .single
bushes. T h e edges of w o o d l a n d s s h e l t e r
f a r m o r e birds t h a n t h e c e n t e r of t h e
woods, a n d p a s t u r e lots, d o t t e d w i t h
t h o r n apples, dogwoods and m u l b e r r i e s ,
s u p p o r t still g r e a t e r n u m b e r s .
Realizing t h e n a t u r a l a d a p t a b i l i t y of
t h e Golf Course to t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s of
a bird s a n c t u a r y , a n d l a r g e l y in r e s p o n s e
to r e q u e s t s f o r f u r t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n a n d
assistance f r o m t h e officers of m a n y
Golf Clubs, t h e N a t i o n a l Association of
A u d u b o n Societies ( f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n
of wild birds a n d a n i m a l s ) h a s p u b lished a p a m p h l e t especially f o r Golf
Clubs. It is i n t e n d e d to show in as
g r a p h i c a m a n n e r as possible t h e desirability of e n c o u r a g i n g birds a b o u t
Golf Courses and t h e simple w a y which
h a p p y r e s u l t s m a y be a t t a i n e d .
To obtain this p u b l i c a t i o n simply
w r i t e to t h e A u d u b o n Society, 66 Newb e r r y S t r e e t , Boston, or to t h e Main
Office, 1974 B r o a d w a y , N e w Y o r k City.
If you a r e i n t e r e s t e d in s e c u r i n g o t h e r
i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t birds in g e n e r a l such
as bird houses, h o w to a t t r a c t t h e m ,
f e e d i n g stations, etc. w r i t e to t h e Dep a r t m e n t of A g r i c u l t u r e , W a s h i n g t o n ,
D. C. f o r t h e following.
Homes For Birds—
F a r m e r s Bulletin, No. 1456
Food F o r Some Well K n o w n B i r d s —
F a r m e r s Bulletin, No. 506
H o w To A t t r a c t B i r d s —
F a r m e r s Bulletin, No. 621
Some Common Birds U s e f u l To
The F a r m e r —
F a r m e r s Bulletin, No. 630
My own e x p e r i e n c e and o b s e r v a t i o n
of birds a t t h e J u n i p e r Hill Golf Course
c o r r e s p o n d s w i t h t h e f o r e g o i n g statements.
C o m p a r i n g n o t e s with o t h e r
RECREATION

G r e e n k e e p e r s , I find t h a t we h a v e h a d
f e w e r insect a n d w e e d t r o u b l e s t h a n
m a n y others. W e h a v e h a d v e r y little
trouble with grubs and other vegetation
d e s t r o y e r s w i t h a m i n i m u m of e f f o r t
in t h e i r control and we h a v e h a d p r a c t i cally no w e e d i n g to do f o r y e a r s . H o w
m u c h control is definitely due to t h e
birds is difficult to say b u t w e have enc o u r a g e d t h e i r p r e s e n c e by f e e d i n g t h e m
in t h e w i n t e r a n d p u t t i n g u p bird h o u s e s
f o r t h e i r s u m m e r nesting.
G o l f e r s tell us t h a t t h e y have n o t i c e d
m o r e b i r d s on o u r course t h a n o t h e r s
t h e y h a v e played a n d it h a s been g r a t i f y i n g to notice t h a t m a n y p l a y e r s g e t
a lot of e n j o y m e n t in seeing p h e a s a n t s ,
p a r t r i d g e a n d quail a r o u n d t h e course.
T h e y r e p o r t it w i t h some e x c i t e m e n t a t
t h e office. S e v e r a l of our p a t r o n s a r e
bird lovers and t a k e considerable p r i d e
a n d s a t i s f a c t i o n in r e p o r t i n g t h e birds
as t h e y a r r i v e in t h e spring. I a m satisfied t h a t t h e a b u n d a n c e of birds on o u r
course adds j u s t one m o r e t h i n g to t h e
s a t i s f a c t i o n of p l a y i n g a t J u n i p e r Hill.
In t h e s u m m e r w e a t t r a c t t h e b i r d s
by m a n y d i f f e r e n t t y p e s of bird houses
m a d e t o i n t e r e s t t h e d i f f e r e n t species.
T h e bird houses a r o u n d t h e club h o u s e
a r e h o m e s f o r w r e n s , t r e e swallows, b l u e
birds a n d woodpeckers. T h e i n c r e a s e d
n u m b e r s of t h e s e birds seem to a t t r a c t
other species, such as an a b u n d a n c e of
robins, w a r b l e r s , vereos, catbirds, kingbirds, s o n g sparrows, chipping s p a r r o w s ,
etc.
In t h e w i n t e r w e place in t h e f e e d ing s t a t i o n s such f o o d as s c r a t c h f e e d
f o r t h e b i g g e r birds, and f o r t h e s m a l l e r
birds chick f e e d , wild bird f e e d , c a n a r y
seed, b r e a d c r u m b s , p e a n u t
butter,
apples, a n d suet. T h e l a t t e r is placed
on t r e e s w i t h half i n c h w i r e g u a r d s t o
p r e v e n t s q u i r r e l s a n d l a r g e r birds f r o m
t a k i n g l a r g e q u a n t i t i e s a t a time. This
w i n t e r we w e r e l a t e in p u t t i n g o u t t h e
f e e d i n g s t a t i o n s a n d we noticed t h a t
t h e birds w e r e r a t h e r scarce, a t least
a r o u n d t h e club house.
Within
one
week a f t e r t h e s t a t i o n s w e r e p u t o u t
t h e n u m b e r of b i r d s in t h e vicinity
easily t r i p l e d . Now, t h e r e is almost a
s t e a d y s t r e a m of d i f f e r e n t k i n d s of b i r d s
f e e d i n g t h r o u g h o u t t h e day.
One v e r y convincing bit of evidence
of t h e value of b i r d s was observed w h e n
t h e snow d i s a p p e a r e d f r o m t h e g r o u n d
a b o u t J a n u a r y 13. D u r i n g t h a t period
of course, t h e r e w e r e f e w birds a t t h e
f e e d i n g station f o r t h e y w e r e looking
f o r a c h a n g e of diet. T h e seed e a t i n g

CONFERENCE

MARCH

14 —

16

-

CPA SS SUD
K e n t u c k y Blue Grass
W h i t e Clover
Chewing
Poa
Dwarf

Fescue

Trivialis
Essex

Rape

Red Top
Rye

Grass

fit

Timothy
Bent

Grass

Red

Clover

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birds, however, such as t h e t r e e sparrows, j u n c o s a n d snow flakes w e r e observed all over t h e course and a r o u n d
t h e club house busily picking u p w e e d
seed. One definite space in our b a c k
lawn w i t h i n close o b s e r v a t i o n a t t r a c t e d
especial a t t e n t i o n . A t i n t e r v a l s d u r i n g
t h e d a y a n d e v e r y day while t h e g r o u n d
w a s b a r e t h i s a r e a a t t r a c t e d g r o u p s of
t r e e s p a r r o w s . W h y t h e y selected t h i s
spot I was n o t a t first a w a r e b u t in
checking it I f o u n d it w a s a small p a t c h
of c r a b g r a s s . These b i r d s so i n d u s t r i ously w o r k e d on t h a t c r a b g r a s s I d o n ' t
see how a single seed could h a v e escaped
their attention.
This i n c i d e n t w a s proof e n o u g h to m e
t h a t it is a g r e a t m i s t a k e if we f a i l
to t a k e f u l l a d v a n t a g e of this f r e e a n d
willing service r e n d e r e d by t h e birds.
So I r e c o m m e n d to t h e g r e e n k e e p e r s
t h a t t h e y give this s u b j e c t t h e i r serious
a t t e n t i o n this w i n t e r a n d plan on giving
o u r bird f r i e n d s a r e a l h o m e - c o m i n g
w h e n t h e y a r r i v e in t h e spring, by having t h e i r n e w h o m e s all r e a d y f o r occupancy.

A n a r t editor f o r t h e N E W S L E T T E R
has been a p p o i n t e d in t h e p e r s o n of o u r
S e c r e t a r y , Philip Cassidy. As a s t a r t
t o w a r d p i c t u r e s in t h e N E W S L E T T E R ,
please send Phil a n y p i c t u r e s you m a y
have suitable f o r r e p r i n t i n g in t h e
NEWSLETTER.

C h a i r m a n Leo J . F e s e r of t h e Qualifications
C o m m i t t e e s of t h e G. S. S.
p o i n t s o u t t h a t some m i g h t m i s i n t e r p r e t
our i n t r o d u c t i o n of t h e W i n n i n g Questionable on p a g e 6 of t h e last issue.
This q u e s t i o n n a i r e won t h e contest, b u t
is n o t to be used as a t e s t f o r m e m b e r ship b y t h e G. S. S. I t r e p r e s e n t s one
step in t h e w o r k of t h e Qualifications
C o m m i t t e e , a n d t h e i r r e p o r t will b e
acted u p o n a t t h e N e w Y o r k m e e t i n g .

T h e f o l l o w i n g c o m m i t t e e have b e e n
a p p o i n t e d by P r e s i d e n t Counsell to
serve f o r 1 9 4 0 :
Entertainment

N. S p e r a n d i o , S. Mitchell, H. D a r l i n g ,
N. B r u n o , T. M a t t u s
In t h e J a n u a r y issue, in article b y
P r e s . H a r o l d P i e r c e of t h e U. S. G. A.,
on p a g e 3, cost of r u n n i n g N e w Y o r k
office should have b e e n a p p r o x i m a t e l y
$24000 i n s t e a d of " a b o u t $ 1 8 0 0 0 " .

Golf

P. H a y d e n , A. A n d e r s o n , J . Oldfield,
E. Phinney, J. Latvis
Welfare

/ . Stott,

H.

Mitchell,

M.

O'Grady

Employment

Anderson/7 Maxwell,TSwanson
Mass.

T h e F e b r u a r y m e e t i n g w a s held a t
t h e W a l t h a m Field S t a t i o n on t h e 5th.
Following lunch, L a w r e n c e B l a t c h f o r d
of t h e E t h y l
Gasoline
Corporation
showed two interesting- sound films conc e r n i n g t h e d e v e l o p m e n t of t h e m o t o r i n g i n d u s t r y and t h e use of E t h y l gasoline, also discussed t h e use of ethyl
gasoline, a n d showed t h e elimination of
' ' k n o c k " in a m o t o r by r u n n i n g an exp e r i m e n t a l m o t o r w i t h s t a n d a r d g a s and
t h e n with ethyl gasoline.

Inter-Relation

h • Farrant, PWanberg.CParker
R . I.

Inter-Relation

& West,!?Peckham,Af G r e e n e
Turf

Research

F Wilson, S. Mitchell,piWanberg
Winter

S.

School

-

Mitchell,//Farrant,^Darling
Outdoor

Show

/ / Darling/iAnderson
Publicity

S. Mitchell,jSHaydenj|>Rommell

OFFICERS' DIRECTORY
President
Secretary
Treasurer
Chairman,
Chairman,
Chairman,
Chairman,
Chairman,

J o h n Counsell, 5 E l l s w o r t h R d l P e a b o d y ,
Philip Cassidy, N e e d h a m Golf Club, N e e d h a m ,
F r a n k Wilson, Charles River C. C., N e w t o n C e n t r e ,
E n t e r . Comm.
N. S p e r a n d i o , 90 B r i n s m e a d St., M a r l b o r o ,
Golf Coram
P a u l H a y d e n , 81 O r a n g e St., W a l t h a m ,
W e l f a r e Comm
Lloyd S t o t t , M e a d o w b r o o k G. 0., R e a d i n g ,
E m p l o y . Comm. . . A r t h u r A n d e r s o n , 358 F u l l e r St., W e s t N e w t o n ,
Trustees
George Rommell, 54 E d d y St., W e s t N e w t o n ,
N E W S L E T T E R officers, see p a g e two.

Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.
Mass.

• ¡ • E Kai
O v e r b r o o k Golf Club, Philadelphia,

P e n n s y l v a n i a Mowers, as s t a n d a r d

Pennsylvania

Super-Roller

Greensmower

I n t e r c h a n g e a b l e A l u m i n u m Rollers.
8
c r u c i b l e s t e e l b l a d e s . T r a i n of 3 c u t g e a r s
in d u s t - t i g h t case. H i g h - s p e e d cylinder.

Pa.

equip-

m e n t on h u n d r e d s of A m e r i c a ' s f o r e m o s t
golf courses, have p r o v e d t h e i r efficiency
a n d economy in daily service year-in,
y e a r - o u t . T h e two f a m o u s P e n n s y l v a n i a s
illustrated, each i n c o r p o r a t i n g e v e r y p r o v e d
f e a t u r e f o r efficient p e r f o r m a n c e , will help
you to develop t h e best possible f a i r w a y s
and g r e e n s . . . with i m p o r t a n t savings in
o p e r a t i n g , l a b o r and r e p a i r costs. Comp l e t e i n f o r m a t i o n on P e n n s y l v a n i a Golf
Mowers is y o u r s f o r t h e asking.
Send

For

Our

Latest

Catalog

PENNSYLVANIA
LAWN
MOWER
WORKS
Primos, Delaware County, Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania

De

Luxe

Fairway

U n b r e a k a b l e malleable iron c o n s t r u c tion.
6 heavy
crucible-analysis
steel
b l a d e s . R e v e r s i b l e l o w e r b l a d e . T r a i n of
h a r d e n e d g e a r s on both sides.
Timken
Bearings.
Alemite Lubrication.
Pneum a t i c Tires optional. B o t h 30-inch a n d
36-inch sizes.
J O H N J. N Y H A N
WOODWORTH

BRADLEY,

INC.

QUALITY
LAWNMOWETtS
. 120 Cypress

St., B r o o k l i n e ,

131 Dorrance

St., P r o v i d e n c e ,

Mass.
R.

I.

For Golf Courses, Parks, Cemeteries
F E S R L E S S
M O W E R SHARPENERS
Keep Your Mowers Sharp
And Keep Turf Beautiful
THE PEERLESS
SHARPENER
WILL SAVE
MONEY

WÊÉâ&i'M-m

Write for
f A
Descriptive Folder
The Peerless

Sharpener

T h e P E E R L E S S eliminates costly outside grinding expense.
It
handles
a l l t y p e s a n d k i n d s of m o w e r s .
I t is f a s t , a c c u r a t e a n d e a s y t o
operate.
T e s t s p r o v e t h e Peerless s h a r p e n s in h a l f t h e t i m e r e q u i r e d by o l d - f a s h i o n e d
methods.
A n d , too, w h e n y o u r m o w e r s are s h a r p e n e d by T h e Peerless, the
reel k n i v e s and s t r a i g h t blades stay s h a r p e r longer, for T h e Peerless grinds
t h e r e e l k n i v e s t o f i t t h e s t r a i g h t b l a d e , e v e n t h o u g h i t is s p r u n g o r
bentgiving both the reel knives a n d s t r a i g h t blades a perfect c u t t i n g edge.
T h e P e e r l e s s S h a r p e n e r is e x c e p t i o n a l l y e a s y t o o p e r a t e .
I t is f a s t a n d
f l e x i b l e a n d h a s m a n y e n g i n e e r i n g f e a t u r e s w h i c h p u t it i n a c l a s s b y i t s e l f
for performance.
T h e P e e r l e s s is a r u g g e d , h e a v y - d u t y s h a r p e n e r t h a t w i l l
h a n d l e a l l k i n d s of l a w n - m o w e r s ,
mowers and tractor
u n i t s u p t o 36 or
42-inch blade w i d t h s .
Manufactured

by T H E

FATE-ROOT-HEATH

Distributed

CO.,

Plymouth,

Ohio

By

N e w England Toro Co.
DISTRIBUTORS FOR N E W E N G L A N D
1121 Washington St., West Newton

—

WESt New. 1658