M A Y , 1969

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E N G L A N D ,

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WHEN IS A FRIEND A FRIEND?
Tony Caranci, our beloved leader in residence, has a bone
to pick with a certain few of our so-called " f r i e n d s " who, at
best must be described as "revolving friends."
There seems to be a ploy effected by some fifty-dollar, backp a g e name droppers who come in as friends for a single
session for the express purpose of obtaining the association's
mailing list.
" I don't call that cricket", Caranci cried recently between
puffs of a Garcia-Vegas. "Definitely, we are not in the business of courting any advertisers. We think our method of
using company names on the back of our Newsletter is done
in good taste. We expect them to reciprocate in like manner.
Otherwise we'd just as soon go out in the street and peddle
our mailing list to the highest bidder."
Tony hopes by this little feedback on the few, who have
taken advantage of the situation, that the many don't consider themselves guilty by way of insinuation. " T h i s is an
unfortunate occurrence", the Association president noted. " I
know that some of our friends are going to look upon my
words as a direct accusation of the whole. This I want to
make clear. We are forever grateful of their co-operation.
But, in a way, we are acting to protect them. The mailing list
is one of the benefits of that fifty-dollar donation. We want
it to remain an exclusive piece of information."
When is a friend a f r i e n d ? If you are involved, just ask
yourself. The answer is elementary. No diagrams are needed.
— Gerry Finn

Sponsors and administrators of the Lawrence S.
Dickinson Scholarship Fund — Awarded yearly
to deserving Turf Management Students.

NEXT MEETING
The next meeting will be Monday, M a y 5, 1969 at the
Sharon Country Club, Sharon, Mass.
Expense Committee
Directors' Meeting
Regular Meeting
Dinner
Golf Tournament

10:00
10:30
11:15
12:15
1:15

a.m.
a.m.
a.m.
p.m.
p.m.

The golf tournament will be the Lawrence S.
Memorial Trust Tournament.

Dickinson

J o e Silk is the super at the Sharon
layout. He is 31 years old and graduated from Stockbridge at the University of Massachusetts in 1962,
prior to that he was employed at
the United Shoe under Joe Butler.
After college J o e assumed the duties
as superintendent at the Pine Meadows Golf Club in Lexington until
1966 when he took over the super's
job at Sharon. Joe is a dedicated
bachelor and resides in the Kenmore
S q u a r e area of Boston.
( D I R E C T I O N S TO S H A R O N ) . Rt. 128 to Rt. 95 south
towards Providence, take the second exit (Cooney St.) and
go left on Rt. 27 to Sharon S q . T a k e Pond Street out of the
square and then left on Ames St. ( 1 mile), and follow this
to the entrance of Sharon.

APRIL MEETING
The April meeting was held at the Holiday Inn, Newton,
Mass., and about seventy turf managers and friends attended
the meeting. Spencer Thompson of the Monsanto Company
talked about Astro-turf and its relation to golf courses. President Caranci appointed the following committees: Survey
Committee: Dick Blake, chairman, Dean Robertson, Many
Francis, Jr., John Callahan, and Wayne Ripley. The Expense
Committee will be chairmaned by Bob Grant and the following will assist h i m : J o e Butler, Red Shultz, L o u Duval, Leon
St. Pierre, Phil Cassidy, Ted Murphy and Julius Atksen.
There will be a meeting of the expense committee just prior
to the next directors' meeting at 1 0 : 0 0 a. m. on May 5, 1969.

Ted Murphy, L is talking to Spencer Thompson R of the
Monsanto

Company.

Application for Associate Membership to be voted on at the
next meeting: Richard A. French, 200 Howe St., Methuen,
Mass.

ourAe

Superintendents

.—-^ddociation•
WINTER INJURY

A TOUCH OF PARADISE
Spotted off the gold coast of Florida . . . where commercialism loses its identity . . . stands Marco Island with
its budding Marco Island Country Club and peacock-proud
superintendent, Charles (Chuck) Almony.
Marco's golf course, which at present forms the center of
social life on the developmental strip of paradise, is a real
start-from-scratch venture of the island's exuberant owners
. . . the famed Mackle Brothers.
Almony's position is one of those rare relationships with
the ideal employer. "The Mackles want Marco to be the
nicest course in Florida", Chuck reveals. "They mean to do
it at any expense. I think my setup is rare, because I don't
have to worry about budget battles. I pretty much have a
free hand in obtaining equipment and physical help. It's
a pleasant departure from the typicah country ehib demands
of producing perfection on a shoestring."
The creed at Marco Island is one of improvement. Almony,
who was imported from the Speedway Golf Course in Indianapolis to put a sparkle on the Mackle gem, is just as enthusiastic over his assignment as his bosses. He's trying for
perfection and won't be satisfied until Marco is recognized
as the pearl of the Florida golfing scene.
At present Almony directs a crew of 16 in the task of
maintenance and perking up the place. Marco is part of the
Everglades and the transition from wilderness to wonderment
is something just short of a miracle.
All of the grass on the course has been sod-laid. One of
the remarkable points of leading the course to perfection is
the immaculate condition of its tees. They are honed to fineturf state, making them almost as smooth to the touch as the
greens. " I t is the eventual aim of the owners to have our fairways cut and pampered just as our tees are", Almony beams.
We're working on that project now . . . and it's coming
along."
Marco is not a treacherous layout in degree of difficulty.
It allows for most of the protection of the scorecard from the
wind and delicate positioning of traps. "The wind usually
runs south to north", Almony tells. "That's what gives the
players fits. I don't think the traps are that dangerous. In
many cases they're positioned to help the player."
There are 1 10 traps on the course with more to comer
"We've added 26 in the last six months", Almony says. "But,
as I noted, many of them help the players. In tight situations,
where out of bounds or water hazards could hurt the score,
there are traps to catch a player's ball headed in those
directions."
Almony claims there are no major problems at Marco,
other than a source of water for irrigation. Salt tends to
filter into the reservoirs of fresh water but the Mackles are
working to clear up that situation, too.
Marco is open 12 months a year with its lushest period
coming between September and November. However, there
are certain periods when Almony has the course to himself
for his work. "When they say they're going to close the
course for two or three days", they (the Mackles) mean it.
"There is a great sense of co-operation between the owners
and myself. We both have the same goals and respect each
other's opinion. I can't say the same about other places I've
been."
Marco Island appears to be a touch of paradise in more
ways than one. From a superintendent's standpoint, it sprinkles in a little Utopia, too.
— Gerry Finn

Agronomist,

A. ROBERT MAZUR
Eastern Region, USGA Green Section

Recently there have been frequent inquiries from superintendents, greens chairmen, and members as to what should
be done about ice on greens and about winter injury in
general.

Hardening Off

There is no grass or specie of grass that is winter proof in
the true sense of the term. Through the use of proper management we hope to aid the built-in physiological processes of
the plant, to better enable them to survive the extremes in
temperature during the winter months. It is important for the
plant to enter the winter months in a state of reduced metabolic
activity. The "hardening off" process, as it is termed, reduces
the amount of unbound water in plant tissue which consequently reduces the degree of injuryL_from_fre_ezing. Judicious
management of fertilizer, particularly the amounts of nitrogen, and moisture are essential steps in acclimating the plant
for the winter season. The use of ample potash and phosphorus
during the fall appears to balance the effect of nitrogen in
the plants and negate some of its adverse effects.

Water Management and Drainage

Water management during the fall is also very critical.
There has to be adequate soil moisture to limit the degree of
injury to root systems from the thrusts of freezing and thawing. Normally, fall rains will provide adequate moisture; however, if it is a dry fall then irrigation will be necessary. Good
drainage is one factor that always accompanies irrigation. The
fact that low and heavily thatched areas which retain a high
percentage of moisture are often the most severely affected
should be considered. The removal of a strip of sod or installation of slit trenches through the low areas will greatly improve
drainage and consequently should improve winter hardiness.
The sod strip should be located, often in a sand trap, so that
it can be easily replaced in the early spring.

Disease Control

If the grass plant is physiologically conditioned and the
relative amounts of free moisture minimized, the problems
with disease are greatly reduced. It is essential to continue
mowing as long as there is leaf tissue to cut, in order to minimize layering and potential areas for harboring disease. Fungicides containing mercury (organic and inorganic) and cadmium have been shown effective for the control of snow mold.
-The- 4rwdJowaids_jTungimdeJteaiment _ein\Iier^jin_the fall, at
about the time the leaves begin to fall from the trees, has
shown considerable merit in several localities. ~A secorithtreatment should be applied in late winter to insure control.

Desiccation

Desiccation is a word that has become quite familiar in the
Northeast. During the winter months, the grass plant continues
to respire to a limited degree, largely depending on its internal water supply. During the dry windy weather of an open
winter, severe drying or desiccation can take place as soil
water, for replenishment of plant moisture, is available only
in very limited quantities. A late fall topdressing at twice the
rate used during the growing season cuts down moisture
losses considerably. Snow fence and brush are often used to
accumulate snow which has a blanketing effect on moisture
dissipation. Although the snow gives protection from desiccation, it provides favorable conditions for the development of
snow mold. The use of polyethylene materials has been of
questionable benefit and requires exact timing for the removal
of these materials in the spring. There has been some talk on
the use of anti-desiccants but these would best be evaluated
on a test basis. Materials used as anti-desiccants should be
certified low in monomers and soluble salt content to minimize
any chance of turf injury.
(Continued next page)

SPECIAL
EDITION

( j f i i - ^ ( . ourde
OF

J^uperintendentd
NEW

—$55ocialion

E N G L A N D ,

I N C .

Sponsors and administrators of the Lawrence S.
Dickinson Scholarship Fund — A w a r d e d yearly
to deserving Turf Management Students.

THE SOUNDS OF SILENCE
There is a rather unique form of noise pollution, reported
to be very harmful to that easily-rattled cult of concentration
. . . the Great American Golfer who demands that he apply
his talents in the still of the day under the threat of planting
a wedge in the skull of the culprit causing the disturbance.
Naturally, the prime suspect in ungluing the golfer from
a one track-minded devotion to his score is the opponent. Not
far behind on the hate parade, too, is the course superintendent and those wretched members of his crew who stalk the
fairways, greens and traps with shattering sounds.
The golfer, himself, often tunes his hearing senses to the
one great crack in his concentration . . . usually the most
inconsequential. Here is a typical occurrence at the Oxford
Country Club, a nine-hole extension of the runway at Westover
Field whose takeoff pattern cuts through the heart of the
course. There is more quiet in the middle of L o g a n Airport.
Anyway,- picture the scene. With cannon fire overhead -—
the roar of hotrod traffic to his right — and the cascading
of spring-high Chicopee River to his left, our man bends over
a four-footer on the first green. He stands oblivious to the
obvious when two fairways away, a course worker pauses to
take a drink from a bubbler. He twists the handle simultaneously with the putting stroke of "Four-Foot F r e d d y " . The

ball misses its mark. ''I'll have that man's j o b " , Freddy
screams in the direction of the water cooler. Alas . . . the
sounds of silence are at work.
Leaving Oxford where the language gets bluer by the
backswing, we can travel to the "Anywhere, U S A Golf
Club." On this particular occasion where the fairway runs
adjacent to a railroad track, a new victim gathers his muscles
and takes a widespread glance at the surroundings to make
sure his concentration is safe. Down the track chugs the
10:02, a rattler approaching the age of retirement. Back on
the tee a joke-telling foursome erupts with deafening laughter.
But our man blocks them out as he takes a pivot in anticipation of a four-iron beauty to the green. Again, he's attacked.
This time a worker those 160 yards or so away on the putting
surface can't control himself. He sneezes, the ball is topped
. . . and there will be hell to p a y when "Four-Iron F r a n "
reaches the green.
How many decibels does a twist of the water bubbler throw
out to the world? Can a sneeze many noses away be heard
above the screeching cry of a freight c a r ? Indeed, they can.
These are the sounds of silence . . . a very special form of
noise pollution. But, then, this is a very special working
world in which the superintendent toils.
— Gerry Finn

POLLUTION
FOUR DEFINITIONS
- unwanted sound. Luckily, with noise two-plus-two does not equal
four. Ten motorcycles are not ten times a s noisy as one motorcycle but
twice as noisy.
NOISE

— the unit of measuring the loudness (intensity) of a sound. Zero
on the decibel scale is the slightest sound that can be heard by the best ears
and so weak that it moves the eardrum one-tenth the diameter of a hydrogen atom. The scale goes up logarithmically, the perceived loudness approximately doubling every ten decibels. Since the blast of a jet engine at
takeoff can reach 150 decibels — 1,000,000,000,000,000 times a s intense as
the threshold of sound — the human ability to hear anything from rustling
leaves to a jet blast makes the ear like a balance which can weigh anything
from a postage stamp to an ocean liner.
DECIBEL

— tone level. Pitch is determined by how many times per second the
sound waves vibrate. The lowest note on a piano has a frequency of 30
cycles per second; conversation ranges between 200 and 6000 cycles- and a
"silent" dog whistle gets up to 14,000 cycles. The high-frequency' noises
that we can hear seem louder to us and are more disturbing, decibel for
decibel, than low-frequency noises.

PITCH

— the loud bang and change in air pressure of the shock wave
which every plane flying faster than the speed of sound (about 700 miles
per hour) drags along behind it. The boom isn't a one-time nuisance
occurring only at the precise moment the plane crosses from sonic to supersonic speeds, but follows along behind the plane for the entire duration of
the supersonic trip.
S O N I C BOOM

DECIBEL SCALE
i EARDRUM
| R U P T U R E S 140
PAINFUL
TO EAR

1 9 n

DEAFENING

100

V E R Y LOUD

LOUD

80

60

MODERATE

4 0

FAINT

2 0

THRESHOLD

OF
AUDIBILITY 0

jet taking off
siren
jet revving its motors for takeoff — maximum allowable for hearing
roar of a two-engine prop plane
thunder
car horn at 3 feet — loud motorcycle
loud power lawn mower
portable sander
have to shout to be heard
food blender
continued daily exposure brings about loss of
hearing
noisy cocktail party
impossible to use telephone
city playground
vacuum cleaner
noisy office
average traffic
point at which use of the telephone becomes difficult
suburban playground
all right for a restaurant
average living-room
quiet enough for courtroom or classroom
private office
a whisper at 5 feet
rustling leaves
breathing

NOISE is a true environmental pollutant. Like air and water pollution it
damages our health and lowers the
quality of our life. In Europe the
malignant effects of noise on the total
environment are well recognized. In
Sweden, for example, the State Power
Board's one-year course in pollution
control trains engineers to deal with
water, air, and noise problems. Here,
we are barely beginning to realize
what a growing menace noise pollution is and that it must be curbed.

HOW NOISE AFFECTS US
Reactions to noise are more subjective
than they are to smog or a drink of polluted water. About a fourth of the population say they are not disturbed by any
noise, however loud; these are the people
who should live near airports. One in ten
is hypersensitive, but because he dislikes
almost any noise not of his own making,
his complaints are ignored. In between
come the rest of us, and we are more
sensitive to noise on some days than
others. In general we find high-pitched
noises harder to take than low, and any
noise sounds twice as loud at night.
The most specific effects of noise are on
hearing. A loud blast such as an explosion deafens everyone momentarily. (At
the same time it arouses an "alarm" reaction so primitive and automatic that even
newborn infants cry out with terror.)
Permanent hearing loss comes only
from repeated or continuous exposures.
Everyone agrees that an eight-hour daily
exposure to 80 or 85 decibels leads to
severe hearing damage. Until recently
this was thought to be the only damaging
effect of noise on the ears. But doctors
now suspect that our high community
noise level — traffic in morning and afternoon and TV at night with occasional additions from police sirens, planes overhead, car horns, and vacuum cleaners —
helps account for the deafness of older
people in all industrial countries and especially in ours.
Noise has other measurable effects. It
raises blood pressure, lowers efficiency,
and triggers ailments like stomach ulcers
and allergies. It is the main cause of loss
of sleep. The World Health Organization
says it can be harmful even when it is not
consciously heard. Dr. Vern O. Knudsen
of the University of California sums it up
as " a slow agent of death." And, as a
matter of fact, 160 decibels — only a few
more than the sound of many jet planes
at takeoff — is lethal to mice and similar
small animals.

THE THREE BASIC WAYS TO COPE WITH A NOISE PROBLEM

Surround the noise source
with sound-absorbing material.

Surround the people who
would be disturbed by the
noise with sound-absorbing
material.

Install a sound suppression
device between the people
and the noise source.

WHAT WE CAN DO ABOUT IMOISE POLLUTION
Noise IS pollution. And the United
States is the noisiest country in the world
and getting noisier.
The background din of modern life comes
from machines. Noisy power lawn mowers and motorcycles generate levels of loudness formerly found only in boiler factories. American kitchens with three of four
appliances operating at once have been
clocked at 100 or more decibels. We also
have long exposures to air-conditioners
(often 70 or 80 decibels), city traffic (with
a mean average of 78 decibels at a Boston
school playground during recess) and allday drives (which leave most people with
a temporary loss of hearing).
Since the machines are here to stay,
what can we do about the noise?
We can begin by making better use of
the mechanical mufflers and other silencers we already have. The Paris and
Montreal subways are equipped with rubber-tired wheels, and ours could be too.
Actually, most noise nuisances can be
controlled by new devices. Among recent
American inventions are a "silent residential quality" attachment for pneumatic
drills, steel mesh blankets to muffle blasting, a quieter pile driver, and even a portable ground muffler for jet planes to reduce sound during warm-up periods. Acoustical engineers, who can build quiet
motels in the middle of airports, know all
the techniques for sound-proofing buildings, from what kind of partition makes the
best sound barrier to how to mount apartment doorbells so that the only ring you
hear is your own.
The din of traffic, rated in one large survey as more annoying than all other noises
put together, can be reduced with the improved mufflers now available for all vehicles including trucks and motorcycles. New
materials have been developed to make
quieter road surfaces, and there are even
quieter tires.
The rewards of a quieter environment
need more publicity. They are much commoner than most businesses and individuals
realize. It is no accident that of the four
main centers of noise pollution (industry,
airports, traffic, and buildings), the noisy
industries have made the best progress in
solving their noise problems. They began
to worry about noise in 1948 when a New
York worker won the first damage claim
for loss of hearing acquired on the job.
Now that claims amount to $2 million a
year, noise abatement gets serious attention.

Practical incentives exist for builders
too. In New Yoz-k City some new high-rise
apartments are unprofitably empty because
of internal noisiness. And in the suburbs
sound-conditioned houses sell faster than
similar houses without anti-noise features
even though they cost several hundred
dollars more.
Noise abatement pays in many other
businesses. Studies at Colgate University
showed that the average worker spends
one-fifth of his energy fighting noise. When
the noise level drops, output goes up and
absences and employee turnover drop.
When incentives are lacking, noise control laws and regulations must take over.
Julius Caesar originated the legal approach
to the quieter life by banning night chariotdriving in the streets of Rome. His example is followed today by every country
in northern Europe from Britain to the
USSR. European noise-abatement regulations include acoustical building codes, local ordinances forbidding the use of motorcycles during sleeping hours, and even
national laws forbidding transistor radios
in public places.
In comparison, we have no federal noiseabatement laws, very few state laws, and
nothing more helpful on the local level
than ordinances against disturbing the
peace. Typically, the peace can be disturbed only after 11 P.M. and then only
by a noise nuisance coming from a nearby
home.
The final and most important weapon
against noise pollution is public pressure.
For years the people who live near airports
have been writing their Congressmen, signing petitions, and attending hearings by
the busload to make their objections to the
racket known. They sue the government
for loss in real estate values and incite
their public schools to sue the airports for
impairing education. They have made the
airport noise problem so notorious that
towns unite instantly to keep proposed airports as far from their borders as possible.
And while airports are still very noisy,
they would be much noisier if public pressure had not forced the aircraft industry
to spend millions of dollars a year on noisecontrol research and the federal government to regulate flight patterns and even
set up noise limits at night.
If nothing is done about noise pollution,
in ten years our environment will be twice
as noisy as it is today.
Do we want that?

THATCH AND MAT CONTROL:
A YEARLY OPERATION
By James W. Timmerman, Eastern Agronomist
USGA Green Section

In our travels around the region we encounter many problem greens. Upon close inspection one of the major causes of
the trouble can be attributed to the accumulation of mat and
thatch. Although similar, mat and thatch denote two different
conditions. They are both the result of an excessive build-up
of vegetation. However, mat is associated with living plant
material and is a surface condiiton, whereas thatch is associated with dead or dying material and is an underlying condition. They can occur together or separately.
Mat can be described a s an accumulation of living, overgrown and tangled mass of vegetation. It is caused by rapidly growing plants, by a growth habit that produces a tangle
of prostrate stems and leaves, and b y faulty mowing practices. A matted condition is reflected by sponginess and fluffiness of the turf surface. It can be detected by signs of scalping, scuffing and uneven mowing. Golfers recognize this
condition easily by complaining that greens lack trueness in
putting.
Thatch on the other hand is a layer of dead roots, stolons,
stems and clippings interspersed with dying roots and stolons that have ceased to function. This layer builds up between
the soil surface and living vegetation. It is a much more
serious problem than mat because of the adverse effects it
has on the environment of plant growth.
Thatch accumulation is the result of heavy clippings, a
matted surface condition that deprives the lower leaves of
light and air causing them to die, and slow decay of the
dead plant parts. As the thatch builds up it becomes an ideal
medium f o r harboring insects and disease and creates a
serious problem of water and fertilizer penetration. Partially
decomposed organic matter has a high water absorptive
capacity and a dense layer will resist movement of water
through it and hold excess water near the surface. This
condition contributes to disease activity, germination of weeds
and shortened root systems. In contrast, when thatch becomes
dry it is difficult to re-wet and sheds water easily, causing
localized dry spots to form.
A heavy thatch layer also reduces the effectiveness of
fungicides and insecticides. More water is needed to flush them
through the organic layer and they can be diluted to the point
of losing their toxic effect.
Fortunately, a matted condition is easier controlled than a
thatch condition. It can usually be done without much damage
to the turf. Vertical mowing is probably the most effective
means. This will cut through the tangle of prostrate stems
and leaves and will remove much of the excess plant material.
This should be combined with closer mowing and brushing
or raking for total control of mat.
Thatch, however, is much more difficult to remove. Mechanical removal cannot be done effectively without removing
some of the living material. If done too severely it can result
in drastically injured and killed plants. A heavy thatch layer
will take longer to reduce. Usually no more than 5 0 % of the
thatch layer should be removed yearly. As is the case with
mat, thatch can be reduced by vertical mowing and brushing.
To this, aeration can be added as an effective means.
Topdressing and liming can essentially be considered a s
biological means of thatch control. Both improve the conditions
needed for the growth of microorganisms that break down
thatch.
Microorganisms make their best growth at pH levels near
neutral (7.0). If soil pH is much lower than 5.5 it will retard
their growth, thus slowing decay of thatch. Frequently soil
pH is high but decomposition is still slow. This can occur
because decomposition of organic matter results in acidic
conditions, and although the soil pH may be quite high the
pH level in the thatch layer could be low enough to slow
decay. Therefore, periodic liming is beneficial in thatch
reduction.
Topdressing combined with aeration is an effective tool in
prevention and elimination of thatch. A heavy topdressing
without aeration can cause a layering of organic matter,
creating more difficulty. However, by aerating first you
permit the topdressing material to be worked down into
contact with the underlying soil. This will also overcome the
tendency of the buried thatch layer to impede the movement
of water, thus improving conditions f o r microorganism
growth.
In many instances it has been noted that soil brought into
contact with organic matter accumulations speeds the decay
of that material. This soil usually contains the nutrients
needed by the soil organisms to make their most optimum
growth.
With the management practices of today, mat and thatch
control is becoming a yearly operation. Higher use of nitrogen
and water, and the introduction of faster growing turf specie
all speed the accumulation of organic matter. Regular programs of vertical mowing, aeration, topdressing and liming
will do much in preventing and eliminating mat and thatch.

Supersonic Transport

"It's not enough to win yesterday's battles. There are
new forces at work we must be ready to contend with. The
sonic boom, in my judgment, is one of the most serious ones
. . . you cannot make out a case against the sonic boom by
damage to the frail historic places nor, probably damage to
wildlife. But you can make out a case in terms of damage
to man's h a b i t a t . . . "
Stewart L. Udall

HOUSE LOTS
IMOISV

STREETS

There are several ways of mitigating the
noise nuisance, says Dr. Robert B. Newman
of Bolt, Beranek, and Newman, the country's leading research and consultant firm
in acoustics.
Q. Will it help to plant a barrier of trees
and shrubs between the house and street?

A. Not at all as far as sound is con-

cerned. Of course, if your house is separated from the highway by 500 to 1000 feet
of thick deciduous woods, you will get more
traffic noise in the winter when the leaves
are gone, but this isn't a typical city or
suburban situation. A barrier to keep out
sound must be bulky and solid like an
earth embankment or even a tall apartment
house — trees won't do.
However, there's a lot of psychology in
how we react to noise so trees, shrubs,
and fences do have a function. They act
as a visual barrier — out of sight, out of
mind.

Q. Can an existing house be soundproofed?
A. Double windows on the street side
will keep out some street noise; carpets,
draperies, and acoustic tile will subdue the
reverberations inside. The open layout of
much modern architecture is an enemy of
quiet in itself. The front rooms of a house
on a noisy street should be segregated from
the back with solid doors and floor-to-ceiling partitions, and then the back at least
will be quiet.
It sometimes helps to provide a constant
subdued background sound like a quiet fan,
air-conditioner, or soft music which will
mask out the annoying noises. But as with
perfume, the masking technique has its
limits — up to about 35 decibels which is
still barely noticeable.
Q. The outdoor living area should obviously be located behind the house, away
from the street. But should it be put near
the house or at the far end of the lot?
A. Near the house. Sound barriers do
a better job either close to the source or
close to the hearer than halfway between.

It takes more distance than most people
realize for sound to fade away. And when
the noise comes from a constant line of
moving traffic instead of a single source,
it takes a greater distance for the sound
to drop as much. This is one reason why
people living in the country are bothered
by night-time traffic on highways miles
away. Another reason is that natural
country sounds are too low to do any masking, say 20 decibels even when the crickets
are singing.
O. Can anything b e done to mask
sounds outdoors?
A. Try two or three little fountains or
an artificial waterfall. The sound of running water is an ideal masking noise. It is
continuous and unobstrusive, it carries no
information, and it has pleasant associations for almost everyone.

SONIC BOOMS
With sonic booms the worst is yet to
come. When — and if — Boeing's supersonic transports (SST's) crisscross the
country, millions of Americans every day
will jump with alarm, feel the house shake,
and hear the windows rattle. From time
to time they will watch plaster crack and
fall and will sweep up shattered glass. And
this is the least in the way of annoyance
and property damage that we can expect
from the SST.
Any plane flying faster than the speed
of sound trails behind it the cone of noise
pollution called the sonic boom. Although
the bangs only last a fraction of a second,
they usually come in pairs and are as loud
as a medium-sized explosion in the next
block.
A few years ago the U. S. government
decided to find out exactly how annoying
they are. Every day for five months Oklahoma City was jarred with eight sonic
booms a day, none of high intensity and
never at night. A poll taken after the test
was over showed that the bang startled,
disturbed, and annoyed almost everyone

living within eight miles of the center line
of the boom path.
Property damage is caused by the sudden change in air pressure that accompanies the boom. Two booms a week for
a few weeks from the Air Force's new
twin-jet spy plane over Los Angeles drew
564 damage claims, mostly for window and
plaster damage. J u r y awards have been
as high as $10,000 (for an Oklahoma City
house which was virtually split in two by
the sonic boom tests).
Protest groups like The Citizens League
Against the Sonic Boom (11 Appleton
St., Cambridge, Mass.) are being organized
here and there but on the whole Americans
take the boom nuisance more meekly than
Europeans. Sweden and other countries
are considering forbidding any supersonic
flights over their territory. The British
flood their newspapers with angry protests.
The French have been especially successful
in getting cash settlements. In 1965 the
French authorities paid more than a quarter of a million dollars for boom damages
and immediately tightened flight rules,
even to banning all supersonic flights over
metropolitan areas. Yet one year later the
number of damage claims almost doubled
and settlements for the single area around
the base of a new supersonic bomber approached $400,000.
Today's supersonic planes are all military. The first SST's, the Anglo-French
Concorde and the Russian TU-144, are expected to begin delivering cargoes as well
as booms in 1971. The Boeing 2707 is
scheduled for a few years later. A law of
physics says, the bigger the plane, the
bigger the boom. The Boeing S S T will be
longer and wider than a football field and
by f a r the largest supersonic plane in
existence. Even when it is flying at 65,000
feet it will produce on the ground a boom
covering a belt twice as wide and almost
twice a s intense as the Oklahoma City
booms.
But until the Boeing monster comes
along, the place to write for damage claim
forms is the U. S. Air Force.

Editor — John J. Barry, Supt. Abenaqui Country Club, Rye, N. H.

New Hampshire Golf Course Superintendents Association, Inc.

CT MEETING
Well, it's about lhai time of the year again to break out
the golf c l u b ^ i n d head for the golf course. Our first visit
will be to the Portsmouth Country Club in Greenland, New
Hampshire, on Wednesday, May 7. Better bring along a
cannon for this trip, for host Superintendent Bill Barrett has
a long and beautiful layout.
Next Meeting
May 7
Directors' Meeting
10:00 a . m .
Regular Meeting
11:00 a . m .
Dinner
12:15 p . m .
Don't forget now, the meetings are held the first Wednesday
of each month.

Applications To Be Voted On
Earl Gilson, Superintendent of the Tyngsboro Country
Club, in Tyngsboro, Massachusetts has made application for
a regular membership. Earl will be voted on in May.

APRIL'S EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM
David A. Clement, Superintendent of the Woodstock Country Club in Woodstock, Vermont gave an excellent talk, which
coincided with slides, on the extensive drainage program
undertaken by his club.

THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY
GROUNDS MAINTENANCE

Grounds maintenance of the school grounds at The Phillips
Exeter Academy is a varied assortment of jobs, not all of
which involve the growing of turf, shrubs and trees.
We have a ground crew of 16 men with a foreman and one
lead man. The crew is divided into two sections; one section
maintaining the playing fields in spring, summer and fall and
maintaining the hockey rinks and the cage which is used
for indoor track in the winter. The remainder of the crew
maintains the campus proper.
The work involved on the campus on a daily basis i s : a
daily rubbish collection of all dormitories, dining halls and
faculty houses, mowing lawns, pruning shrubbery, fertilizing
lawns, shrubs and trees and sweeping walks and roadways.
With all the trees on the_ campus—we-have-tried to speed
up leaf removal with air brooms. We windrow leaves along
the paths and into areas where a giant vac is used to load
into a truck. The vac is front mounted and leaves are vacuumed into a large box which we constructed to slide into
the truck body.
All of our tree maintenance is let out to a local contractor.
This includes spraying, tree removal, removal of all dead
limbs and fertilizing every third year. We have found this
works to our advantage because of the special equipment
needed such a s : bucket trucks, stump chippers and spray rigs,
also men that are trained to work in trees which gives us a
more professional job. We usually go over the entire grounds
at least twice a year with a representative of the company
and decide on the work to be done in the coming year, then
he sets up his own schedule. In case of emergency such as
storms, he usually will send a crew to the school within a few
hours.
Winter work on campus on a daily basis consists of snow
plowing, sanding of all roads and parking lots. Plowing is done
with two trucks, a 2-ton stake and a l l / ton stake and two
tractors with snow buckets. All paths and drives are done
with tractors; roadways and parking lots are done by trucks.
We have not used outside help for three years and have had
all roads, parking lots and major paths open for classes each
day.
2

During the summer months we have 400 to 500 students
as against 800 plus for the regular school year. In June we
hire about eight students for summer work and these are
absorbed into the regular crew and work schedule mowing
lawns, etc.
In addition to daily routine ground work we supply a labor
pool for the Academy maintenance force laying drainage
pipe, steam lines, grading and building lawns in new construction areas and planting shrubs and trees..
Due to major construction on school grounds in the past
few years we have had to curtail ground care in some areas
because of truck traffic,, construction storage, etc. Nine
houses were moved last year to make room for new athletic
facilities and two new. dorms. We are now in the process of
installing drives, Building lawns and landscaping these relocated houses.
Our playing field crews maintain 22 different athleticfields on approximately 47 acres of turf. We need this large
area because of our extensive sports program as all students
are compelled to take part in sports, playing either on varsity
or club teams. The sports program takes place every day
except Wednesday with varsity and J.Y. games played on
Saturday.
We mark all fields with two small power spray rigs using
a water base paint. This is one of the many labor saving
pieces of equipment now being manufactured.
Two years ago we built four new playing fields on 11 acres
with the guidance of soil conservation people in the county.
Eleven acres were cleared and a drainage system installed.
Irrigation was installed in this field and is a start on what we
hope to be general irrigation of all fields. We are fortunate
to have a good supply of water flowing through the playing
fields area.
One of our major problems in the past has been the heavy
abuse to these fields from certain sports such as soccer and
lacrosse where most play is concentrated in one area. We hope
to be able to rest at least two fields each year for reseeding
or turfing to try and maintain a better quality turf or
playing surface. Communications and the cooperation of the
Athletic Department is fairly good in this respect.
We also have about 450 acres of woodland in which we
maintain fire roads, do thinning of hardwoods^ etc. We have
not been able to devote the time we would like to this area,
but last fall we had some help from studetns.
Plans for this area to be used as a wild life area are nowbeing worked on and we hope to be able to build several fire
ponds this year.
We have one full time mechanic working to maintain 34
vehicles plus all grounds equipment. He has on of the ground
crew as a helper most of the year. Any job of major scope
is sent out. We have found that preventive maintenance saves
down time on equipment. We just don't have time for major
jobs. We have found that parts and repair service on equipment is very important. Most of the firms we deal with give
us excellent service in this respect.
We have found with the scarcity of labor and the increase
of services and workload in the Grounds Department we have
had to become more and more mechanized. The general trend
from our experience seems to indicate this is prevalent in
all related fields dealing with outside work. It seems that a
general upgrading of our field of work is taking place now.
More organizations, seminars and manufacturers' workshops
indicate manufacturers' interest in our problems. Better communications with those controlling our budgets and the means
of making our needs known to them, in my estimation, is as
important as the proper fertilizer to use.

William D. Cross, Supt. of Buildings and Grounds

Maine Golf Course Superintendents Association

Editor — Norman Pease, Purpoodock Club, Cape Elizabeth,

Maine

The Maine Golf Course Superintendent Association wishes
to thank Vaughn Holyoke and the University of Maine for
the excellent p r o g r a m presented at the Maine Winter Turf
Conference. The two-day meeting held at the Steer House Inn
in South Portland was interesting and informative.
With as many golf courses as there are in the State of
Maine it is discouraging to see so few superintendents at these
fine turf conferences.
There is a great amount of knowledge to be obtained at
these conferences and clubs should realize that any education
their superintendent receives will benefit them. For this
reason alone clubs should be more than willing to pay the
superintendent's expenses.
Some superintendents in this state should realize that they
do not know all there is to know about the business and could
also benefit from the conference.

NEXT MEETING
The next meeting will be May 6 at the Willowdale Golf
Club, Scarborough, Maine. The meeting will start at 11 A. M.
The Host Superintendent will be Fred Nanny the ownersuperintendent.
The annual meeting of the Maine Golf'Course Superintendents Association was held at the Steer House Inn in South
Portland at the close of the first day of the Maine Winter
Turf Conference.
Amendments to the by-laws were voted on and approved.
F r o m now on the annual meeting will take place at the
regular December meeting. A President, Vice-President, Secretary-Treasurer, and four directors will be elected. The
directors will take the place of the present area vice-presidents.
Association dues will, starting next year, be due in J a n u a r y .
Election of officers was held and the following were elected:
President
Lloyd Ruby, Portland C. C.
Secretary-Treasurer
Ernest Hawker, Gorham C. C.
Southern Vice President
Norman Pease, Purpoodock Club
Central Vice President
J a m e s Diorio, Augusta C. C.
Northern Vice President Harvey LaMontagne, Rockland C. C.
We all wish to thank John Davis, outgoing president, for
the very fine job he has done over the last two years.
New Members
Albert Cameron, Houlton Community Golf Course, Houlton
Dick Dennison, Pinewood Golf & Beach Club, East Holden
Lawrence Peterson, Woodland Terrace, Brewer

Definition of Desiccation in the U S G A dictionary of Turf
Grass T e r m s : Desiccation — drying up.
Definition in the Weather Glossary, U. S. Weather Bureau
of Dessication is: n, — The process by which a region suffers

a complete loss of its water, due to decrease of rainfall, increase of evaporation, or to changes in other climatic controls. Desiccation is manifested by the drying up of streams
and lakes, the destruction of vegetation, the loss of surface
soil, etc.

L to r: Ernest Hawkes, Gorham C. C., Secretary-Treasurer;
John Davis, Riverside M. G. C., Retiring President; Lioyd
Ruby, Portfand C. C., President; Norman Pease, Purpoodock
Club, Vice President, Southern Section; Harvey LaMontagne,
Jr., Rockland G . C., Vice President, Northern Section.

Removing Snow from Greens

Roger Lowell, Supt. Dutch Elm Golf Club, Biddeford,

Maine

There is much controversy on this subject. One cannot say
if it's a good practice to remove or not to. It depends on many
factors. When there is snow on the green, with or without a
small underlayer of snow ice, and good surface drainage,
there is really no point in spending the money to remove the
snow. Besides, snow cover in March can prevent desiccation.
However, a layer of block ice under snow or without should
be melted with one of the safe products on the market, even
in J a n u a r y .
The green with poor surface drainage should be cleaned
of snow in late winter to prevent the melting of snow turning
to an ice situation. Measures should be taken to prevent
desiccation in the month of March.

Snowmobiles on the Golf Course
This is one of the fastest growing winter sports today. N o
doubt many clubs have members who own a snowmobile and
would like nothing better than to use his or her machine on
the golf course. Some clubs gain extra revenues by owning
a fleet of them. The reason why a snowmobile is on a course
is one thing, but they should be supervised to stay off greens,
and away f r o m small trees and shrubs.
There are many clubs in the more northern part of the
country that have no winter staff at all. Spring arrives with
a torn up golf course, as a result of no supervision, and some
poor superintendent has to repair the d a m a g e to obtain a
well-groomed golf course that the members expect.
Snowmobiles can cause severe damage on greens. I have
seen it in Maine.

THE SUCCESSFUL FAILURE

Confused by the title? Don't be. In a sense, this is how
Chet Sawtelle describes himself. "When I took over the administrative operations of the Sawtelle Brothers company
four years a g o " , Chet chimes, " I wanted t o keep it like it
was — a small, folksy-type of business. Well, we've doubled
our sales in that time. I don't know whether you'd say I
succeeded or failed."
It is this kind of dow n-to-earth philosophy which s e t s Chet
Sawtelle apart from the crowd. This and his accomplishments. Of the latter, he blushes through interrogation. He'd
rather talk about M s grandpop, Charlie C. Worthington . . .
the industrialist who stood tall in the mower-tractor corridors
and helped found the Professional Golfers Association. He
has all the tribute in the world for his late brother, Ross,
whom he succeeded as the office force in the company. And
he can go on for hours on the exploits of his father-in-law
. . . the famed yachtsman-designer, John Alden.
Oh, he displays a trace of satisfaction when he's grilled on
that renowned political feat he stung the unsuspecting populace of Marblehead with when he became the second nonnative in history to win the post of selectman there. " I n
f a c t " , he joshes, " I ' m still considered to be a foreigner there
after 27 y e a r s . "
That certainly was a ©hest-swelling accomplishment, winning
the election. " I remember when I wanted to take out a political ad in the local p a p e r " , Chet laughs. " T h e feller there
says he'd take my ten dollars to print it . . . then added that
I'd never make it in a million y e a r s . "
This is the Chet Sawtelle who can captivate an audience
of one or one thousand. H e claims to be the serious-minded

Chet Sawtelle, L is talking with Gerry Finn, R, contributing
editor of the Newsletter.
Water applied in bulk from tank trucks, or other means that
permit the application of a larger gallonage, at open periods
during the winter and early spring often greatly reduce the
severity of desicccation. An application of between 100 and
150 gallons per 1,000 square feet should be sufficient to reduce
the moisture stress. Watering can be particularly important in
the spring where there has been a considerable reduction in
root surface from thrusting as a result of the freezing and
thawing action on the soil. Again this problem is normally
solved by natural rainfall; however, we must be ready to step
in when shortages exist.

Snow Removal

Snow and ice cover on greens over the winter do not present any immediate problems but actually provide protection
to the turf against desiccation. A s spring approaches and the
grasses are beginning to show some activity, holes can be
broken through the ice to enable air circulation. T h e use of
dark materials such as topdressing and natural organic fertilizers, that also absorb heat, are also effective in melting ice
sheets. Prolonged coverage by ice at this time could result in
a depletion of oxygen and accumulation of carbon dioxide
which could asphyxiate the grass plants. The other school of
thought is that the direct action of the cold temperature
around the crown is responsible for the death of the plant.
However, caution should be used in removing an ice sheet as
the grass, which was under a sheltered situation, may be
severely set back if the weather takes a change for the worse.

— OF

NEW

ENGLAND,

INC .

of the family. But there's an impish sparkle in his eye whenever he tells a story. " S u r e , I own a Rolls R o y c e " , he tells.
" A n d you should have seen the look on the face of the salesman when I said I was going to use it to deliver lawn mowers."
What makes Chet tick? How come his business bursts forw a r d when he says he's taking the reins to h e r ? " I love it",
he admits. Golf is a wonderful game, its people warm and
interesting. A n d there's my associates. Frank Moran, Joe
McKoan and my nephew, another Chet Sawtelle. Actually,
they're doing all the work. I'm just taking the b o w s . "
Sawtelle Brothers j e s t didn't happen. Chet, a depression
graduate of Union College, joined the Worthington Company
— forerunners of the Jacobsen Company — as a ten dollar-aweek floorsweeper. " 1 majored in history at U n i o n " , Chet
smirks "Where else would you expect a history major to start
in the mower-tractor b u s i n e s s ? "
From there Chet and Ross eventually left the production
aspect with the s a l e of Worthington to Jacobsen. They formed
their distribution outfit and made it a two-man whirlwind
to prominence.
Chet bursts -more buttons about his civic contributions. Y o u
name the organization on the North Shore of Boston and if
it has any worth in furthering moral and social ideals, Chet
has been an integral part of that movement.
The man is especially fond of the men who work f o r him.
" I know it looks as though I raided the superintendents' lair
for most of my golf people", Chet pleads. " B u t it was a combination of events which brought boys like Floyd Wiget, R a y
Sheehan, Tim O'Connell and George Sheehan into my employ.
We are a very happy family, you k n o w . "
Chet's interests these days center on those civic associations.
Recently, he was presented with the Youth Service Award in
Marblehead. " I am most p r o u d of this honor", he concedes.
" I t seems I am at my happiest when I'm doing something for
someone else."
As for playing golf, Chet has nothing against it. " I just
don't have the time for it", he sings in that charming Boston
accent. " I used to play. But when I broke 100, I quit."
Retirement a h e a d ? " N o t that I can see", Chet comments.
" I ' m looking forward to all my tomorrows and as far as I'm
concerned, they will be working tomorrows. I love this life."
Not a b a d life, either, for a failure . . . wouldn't you s a y ?
— Gerry Finn

Varietal Tolerance

Varies

There is a wide variance in cold hardiness between grasses
and grass varieties which should be taken into account at the
time of initial turf establishment. The more tolerant varieties
should be used in those areas that have a history of past turf
injury. Sufficient time should be allowed for establishment of
a fall seeding. New shallow root seedlings fall easy prey to
thrusting action of the freezes and thaws of winter.

Traffic

One of the most damaging and most difficult factors to control is traffic on frosted, semi-dormant or dormant turf. Damage can be minimized in the first condition by lightly watering
to remove the frost before play begins. In the latter two cases
the situation is much more critical. Traffic on dormant or
semi-dormant turf at a time when the leaf blades, crowns and
roots are easily injured and no regeneration is taking place
consequently will result in a drastic thinning of the turf stand.
Traffic on soil that is partially thawed or wet is also extremely
destructive. T h e most obvious effects are the visible footprints on ruts, but the most serious is the compaction which
in a short period of time will negate all the previous labors
of a management program designed to improve soil structure.
The diversion of traffic to alternate or temporary winter greens
during unfavorable periods is one alternative.
With study, good management, a little help from Mother
Nature and a prayer, chances are good that a green spring is
possible!

PCeaae fcatnotUje FRIENDS OF THE ASSOCIATION

A n t h o n y Caranci, j r .
22 HiHview Drive
No. Providence, R. i. 02900
Phone 723-(688
Oub Affliiation
ledgemonf Country C l u b

First Vice-President

—

Secretary

R I C H A R D C . BLAKE
211 Sewall Street
Boylston, Mass, Of505
Phone 869-2737
Club Affiliation
M t . Pleasant C o u n t r y Club

S e c o n d Vice-President

—

THOMAS CURRAN
153 Fisher Street
Walpole, Mass. 0208!
Phone 668-7221
o b Affiliation
The Country Club

Treasurer

—

Trustee —

—

EDWARD J. MURPHY
194 O x b o w Rood
Waylond, Moss. 01778
Phone 358-7410
Ciub Affiliation
Lexington Country O u b

Woodland Country Club
Trustee —

G o l f C o m m i t t e e Chairman •

ROBERT M U C C I A R O N E
465 Summer Street
Westwood, Massachusetts 02090,
Phone 329-9682
Club Affiliation
Dedham C o u n t r y and Pofo C l u b

W A Y N E RIPLEY
216 South Street
Wrentham, Mass.
Phone 384-3142
Club A f f i l i a t e
W a l p o l e Country C l u b

Newsletter C o m m i t t e e C h a i r m a n PHILIP CASSIDY
4 5 Srosvenor Road
Needham, Mass. 02192
Phone 444-4127
Club Affiliation
Weston G o l f Club

D E A N ROBERTSON
24 Riverview Drive
Newbury, Mass. EH950
Phone 462-4540
Ciub Affiliation
Chestrtut Hill Country C l u b

Finance C o m m i t t e e Chairman -

Past President

—

LEON V, ST. PIERRE
51 For:wood Road
Longmeadow, Mass. Of 106
Phone 567-5562
Club Affiliation
Longmeadow C o u n t ' . ; C l u b

JULIUS AKSTEN
6 Main Street
Southboro, Mass, 01772
Phone 485-8885
Club Affiliation
St. Mark's G o l f C l u b

Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp.
380 Union St.
West Springfield, Mass. 01089

The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington St.
West Newton, Mass.

—

Educational C o m m i t t e e

NORMAN MUCCIARONE
10! A l b a n Road
W a b a n , Mass. 02168
Phone 332-3056
Ciub Affiliation

Baker Tractor Corp., Ford Tractors
Harley Davidson Golf Cars
Swansea, Mass.
The Charles C. Hart Seed Co.
Wethersfield, Conn.

LUCIEN D U V A L
R.F.D. No. 5. S a u l t Rd.
Bedford, N . H. 03105
Phono 472-3454
• Ciy'b
oi'.'
Manchester C o u n t r y C l u b

ROBERT G R A N T
22 Patricia Road
Sudbury, Mass, 01776
Phone 443-2671
Club Affiliation
Brae Burn C o u n t r y Club

Astroturf Recreational Surfaces
Monsanto Co., R. Spencer Thompson
P. O. Box 2130, Springfield, Mass.

Kara in drew Turf Farms, Inc.
Sam Mitchell, Sales Representative
18 Old Randolph St., Canton, Mass.
The Kenneth Barrie Company
Irrigation
375 Centre St., Jamaica Plain, Mass.

Alfco Rokeby Co., Inc.
Fertilizers and Chemical Specialties
P. 0 . Box 267, Marietta, Ohio

President •—

Geoffrey S. Cornish
Golf Course Architect
Fiddler's Green, Amherst,

Mass.

Fuel Activator Chemical Corp.
C. F. Barbour — Regional Director
P. O. Box 84, Roxbury, Mass.
George E. Cull
Terra-Green Soil Conditioner
112 Green St., Abington, Mass.
C. S. Curran
T. R. C. Products, Oils and Greases
7 Linden St., Framingham, Mass.
Fairway Equipment, Inc.
Sales — Service — Rentals
35 Walnut St., Reading, Mass.
Fisk, Alden Ford, Tractor Sales, Inc.
Rear 900 Providence Highway
Dedham, Mass. 02026
Manuel Francis and Son, Inc.
Turf Nurseries
624 Webster St., Marshfield, Mass.
Gold Star Sod Farms, Inc.
181 South Ave., Weston, Mass. 02197
Grounds Equipment Co., Inc.
383 Boylston St., Newton Cen., Mass.

Larchmont Irrigation Co.
Larchmont Ln., Lexington, Mass.
Bob Lippman, Tuco Products Co.
Division of the Upjohn Company
Kalamazoo, Michigan
Magovern Company, Inc.
Lawn Acre Road
Windsor Lock, Conn.
D. L. Maher Co.
Water Supply Contractors
P. O. Box 274, Woburn, Mass.
Ken Minasian, Scott's
312 Marlborough St.
Boston, Mass. 02116
Old Fox Agricultural Sales, Inc.
Jerry Spahr
44 Lexington Ave., Magnolia. Mass.
Richey & Clapper, Inc.
28 Rutledge Rd., Natick, Mass.
Sawtelle Brothers
Jet. Routes 128 and 62
Danvers, Mass.
Shepard Sod Company
Merion Blue Grass and Pencross Bent
200 Sullivan Ave., So. Windsor, Conn.
U S S Agri-Chemicals, Inc., A. P. Bonnell
Seaboard Distributing Co., Inc.
Yarmouth Port, Mass. 02675
Philip A. Wogan
Golf Course Architect
21 Budleigh Ave., Beverly, Mass.
Wyandotte Chemical Co.
709 Salada Bldg., Boston, Mass.

Tom Irwin Co.
Bennett Hill Road
Rowley, Mass.
Johns-Manville Sales Corp.
150 Causeway St., Boston, Mass.

Yerxa's. Inc,
Golf Course Equipment
740 Broadway, S. Portland, Me.

d ypfiSIAbt

bourse Superintendents . "/to',,:,1 /iItfi
E*6l*HB,

GERRY F I N N
Contributing

Editor

L E O N V. ST. PIERRE
Business
DEAN

Manager

ROBERTSON

Newsletter Committee Chairman
24 Riverview Drive
N e w b u r y , Massachusetts 01950
Phone 462-4540
Club Affiliation
Chestnut Hill Country ^ i u b

FIRST