{•joij?

( b o u r s e

OF

^iperintenclents

NEW

ENGLAND,

~^lsAociation

INC.

NEXT MEETING
Annua] Husband and Wife Outing
at Chestnut Hill
The next meeting will be the annual husband and wife
outing. This year it will be held at the Chestnut Hill Country
Club, Newton, Massachusetts on August 17, 1970. There
will be a golf tournament for the men and also a nine hole
scotch tournament for couples. Golf carts and caddies will
be available. For those who donrt wish to play golf, the
swimming pool will be open from ten to six p. m. Lunch
will be in the grill room from 1 1 : 3 0 a. m. to 2 : 3 0 p. m. and
dinner will be in the main dining room at 5 : 3 0 p. m. — informal dress please. The host superintendent is Dean Robertson. Dean has been at Chestnut Hill since January, 1968.

Sponsors and administrators of the Lawrence S.
Dickinson Scholarship Fund — Awarded yearly
to deserving Turf Management Students.

HYPERODES ON THE MOVE
The Hyperodes weevil, previously locked out of the lives
of the New England superintendent, is creeping both north
and east and in the process presents a new menace to the
golf course.
Sightings of the pesky devil have been made as far east
as the Tatnuck Country Club in Worcester. Other evidence
of its spread from Long Island and Metropolitan New York
have been found a:t the Holyoke Country Club, Orchards
Golf Course and Westover Golf Club.
Who is this invader?
The Hyperodes weevil is a relatively new insect pest that
feeds on grass, particularly on annual bluegrass. The damage
it does varies from small yellow-brown spots on greens to
the dying out of large portions of greens, tees and fairways.
What distinguishes the Hyperodes path of destruction from
other familiar wielders of destruction is the complete or
partial severing of the grass stems, often in areas about the
size of a dime. This causes small bare spots with a few yellow
blades surrounding each. When the weevils arrive in big
armies, they can kill large areas of grass in just a few days.
Most of the dieout, caused by the Hyperodes, seems to have
been discovered in spring and early summer with the shorter
cuts of grass affected. The taller blue grass in such places
as high rough areas didn't seem to attract this pest.

Dean Robertson
In 1962 he was graduated from the Stockbridge School of
Agriculture at the University of Massachusetts. Upon graduation he worked at the Beliriont C. C. under Manny Francis,
Jr., before taking over the reigns at the Bradford C. C. in
Haverhill, Mass. Dean stayed there for four years, then
moved to the Ould Newbury Golf Club in Newbury, Mass.
where he stayed another two years before being drafted to
Chestnut Hill.
During the off hours in the summer, Dean and his family
enjoy boating and fishing along the Newburyport coast line.
DIRECTIONS TO CHESTNUT HILL
From Rt. 128 take Rt. 30 towards Boston. Follow for
about six miles and Boston College will be on the right. Take
your next left which will be a U-turn. Then take the next
right, Algonquin Rd. Club will be short distance on right.
There will be a directors' meeting at Chestnut Hill at 4:45
p. m. just prior to dinner.
S U P E R I N T E N D E N T — GREEN CHAIRMEN
TOURNAMENT
RESULTS
Brian Cowan — L. Mahoney, Eastward Ho 68
Dave Barber — T. MacBurn, Wayland C. C. 68
Len Blodgett — D. Cassell, Kitansett 70

The adult Hyperodes weevil varies from a mottled brownish-black to shiny black and is about 3/16 inch long. The
snout is about 1/5 as long as the body and wears elbowed
antannae near the chewing mouth parts at its tip.
However, according to a report from the USGA Green
Section and studies made by R. Scott Cameron, it has been
found that the adult species do not do the damage. The larvae are the culprits and the adults only serve to verify identification of the pest.
Accordingly, treatment must be applied in a two-fold
method. First it must be used as a check on the population
of the adult and a gradual reduction of its numbers. Then,
it must be repeated to attack the larvae.
Two distinct insecticides were called upon in experiments
to perfect control of the pest. Dursban, applied at the rate of
21y£ pounds active ingredient per acre in April and again in
May gave the best control.
Then, it was found that Diazinon, applied at a rate of
five pounds active ingredient per acre in April and again in
May, gave good control. A ratio of the same ingredient at two
pounds proved to provide only fair control.
Thus, the Hyperodes has landed and measures have been
discovered to protect areas from its ravages. The grass
wrecker is on the move all right, so supers should be on their
guard to check its spread.
— Gerry Finn

C o u r s e
NEW

KIND OF

CLINIC

•

S u p e r i n t e n d e n t s
•

S O U N D OFF 11!!

•

You think of a golf clinic and right away the natural
reaction is a discussion of the proper grip, slow takeaway,
lateral return et al. Or, it might touch on such things as not
walking in a guy's putting line, playing shots in proper order
keeping mouse-quiet while an opponent swings et al.
All of this is very nice, especially when younger players
are exposed to it to get them off on the right foot. However,
it comprises only about one-half of their golf education. So,
what about a clinic for juniors on the appreciation of the
golf course?
That's where the superintendent comes in . . . that is,
if he gets the co-operation of college, high school coaches
and advisors and, of course, interested parents of budding
golfers.
You all know the scene. Take the typical junior foursome.
They race out of the clubhouse, pockets full of candy bars
and maybe a soft drink clutched in their hands.""Halfway
down the f i r s t or tenth hole the fairway suddenly takes on
the a p p e a r a n c e of a giant litter bag. This doesn't have to
happen.
Okay, you get the point. Now, switch out to the
battle where young and foolish hearts often get
away with the the moment of severe competition. The
might come in the form of a swipe on the green with
or maybe a jump into the air with an elephant-like
on the putting surface.

field of
carried
reaction
a putter
landing

These and other forms of course abuse will never be completely eliminated, but a course maintenance appreciation
clinic could help cut it to a minimum. It does take concentrated cooperation, though, and maybe a planned program
to bring about such a relationship between player and superintendent.
So, what is being suggested here is a new kind of clinic . . .
one with the welfare of the course in mind. It could be set up
very easily by superintendents at clubs where organized
junior programs are part of the golfing schedule.
Before the season starts
supers could get together in
a junior or student golfer
must play in maintaining the

~ ^ 5 A o c i a t i o n '

coaches, advisers, parents and
discussion of the importance of
appreciating the part everyone
condition of the course.

{Here it is
that time again jor Newsletter
readers
to come out with pens flailing for another edition of Sound
Off. The Newsletter reminds one and all that they are
eligible
to make their contribution
to this column. You may have a
gripe, crisp comment or even a pat on the back for
someone
or something.
Whatever it is, we would like to hear from you.
Send them along to Newsletter Mail Box, 24 Riverview
Drive,
Newbury, Mass. 01950. The Newsletter
reserves the right to
comment on all letters
published.)
*

.

*

Naturally, there will be cases where the advice will be ignored. But, on the other hand, exposure to the situation to
others might very well mean the difference between a pockmarked, scuffed-up green and a pool table surface.
A new kind of clinic. Why not? It's worth a try.
-— Gerry

Finn

*

*

MRS. CRAIG J E N K I N S
Newport, R. I.
Your club could be ahead of the times if workers' clothing
allowance were made part of the budget.

v^^t/iif

1 9 7 0

CLASSIC

A V C O

A U G U S T 20-23

PRO-AM A U G U S T 19

PLEASANT VALLEY COUNTRY CLUB

SUTTON, MASS. 01527

July 2,

1970

R i c h a r d C . B l a k e , President
Golf Course Superintendents
A s s o c i a t i o n o f N e w E n g l a n d , Inc.
2 1 1 Sewall S t r e e t
Boylston, Massachusetts 01505
Dear Mr.

Then, too, groups could be invited to the superintendent's
office for a direct seminar on the subject.

*

"There probably is a good reason for my complaint, so
please don't take offense because I'm just a little, old ignorant lady.
"Anyway, I have been noticing the attire of some of the
golf course workers around our club and if I do say so .
it's appalling.
" Y o u people, as supervisors, certainly should take pride in
the appearance of your crew members. I know that I certainly would if I were in your position.
"Am I talking out of line, or can this situation be remedied?
The other day I had a guest in my foursome and she told
me the workers at her club wear a special uniform and always
look neat. Is my club behind the t i m e s ? "

Blake:

1'ne ly70'"Aycc C l a s s i c Tournament c o m m i t t e e wi.TI
b e glad to grant m e m b e r s of your a s s o c i a t i o n a c o m p l i mentary d a i l y ticket d u r i n g T o u r n a m e n t W e e k .

—

I f y o u w o u l d b e k i n d enough to notify your m e m b e r s
of this in your next m a i l i n g , upon r e q u e s t f r o m t h e m ,
w e w i l l b e happy to send t h e m a ticket for the day they
w o u l d like to a t t e n d .
Sincerely,

E . J. F a r r e l l
General Chairman

GOLF COURSE SUPERINTENDENTS OF

NEW ENGLAND TOUR
Beginning on November 7, 1970, touring England,
Scotland and Ireland. Historic St. Andrews, Trafalgar
Square, Fleet Street, Abbey Theatre, Dublin and many
more. Contact Leon V. St. Pierre, 51 Fenwood Rd.,
Longmeadow, Mass.
r, Mass. 01601

President —
First Vice President —
Second Vice President —
R I C H A R D C . BLAKE
"ROBERT G R A N T
THOMAS CURRAN
211 Sewall Street
22 Patricia Road
153 Fisher Street
Boylston, Mass. 01505
Sudbury. Mass. 01776
Walpole. Mass. 02081
Phone 869-2737
Phone 443-267!
Phone 668-7221
Club Affiliation
.Club Affi.ia»';i
Club Affiliation
Mt. Pleasant Country Club
Brae Bum Country Club
The Country Club

Tel. (617) 865-4411

Secretary —
Treasurer
Trustee —
Trustee —
Trustee —
W A Y N E ZOPPO
LUCIEN DUVAL
RONALD KIRKMAN
ROBERT M U C C I A R O N E
NORMAN MUCCIARONE
48 Barberry Drive
R.F. No. 5 Gault Road
25 Green Street
465 Summer Street
101 Alban Road
Seekonk. Mass.
Bedford, N. H. 03105
Needham, Mass. 02192
Westwood, Mass. 02090
Waban, Mass. 02168
Phone 399-7141
Phone 472-3454
Phone 444-8412
Phone 329-9682
Phone 332-3056
Club Affiliation
Club Affiliation
Club Affiliation
Club Affiliation
Club Affiliation
Agawam Hunt Club
Manchester Country Cli
jb
Needham Golf Club
Dedham Country and Polo Club
Woodland Country Club

Finance Chairman —
NARY SPERANDIO
Concord, Mass. 01742
Phone 369-4723
Club Affiliation
Concord Country Club

New Hampshire Golf Course Superintendents Association, Inc.
Editor

NEXT

MEETING

were voted in

at the last

meeting.

Criticism

It has become increasingly more apparent in the past
decade that the American golfer has become spoiled. This
fact was emphasized recently in the U. S. Open by Dave Hill.
If anything doesn't suit their game (even the w e a t h e r ) ,
they become quite indignant. I believe foreign players on
the tour have developed a better frame of mind, namely to
conquer the course rather than the players.

With the advanced technology in both the equipment and
chemicals we use, there is little excuse f o r not having a well
maintained course. If these materials are made available
to the Superintendent through an adequate budget.

B e r n a r d A. Godfrey
Eastford, Vt.
Grounds F o r e m a n
Dartmouth College
Hanover, N. H.
Associate

Unfortunately for the Superintendent, many problems incurred on the golf course is not because he has been negligent
in his position, but rather because he was not given the
proper tools with which to work.

Robert E. Wirta
B o x 3 3 2 , Contocook, N. H.
Grandliden-on-Sunapee
Sunapee, N. H.
Associate
month is the annual husband and wife bash held
Kingswood Country Club in Wolfeboro, N. H. on
3. ( T h a t is a M o n d a y ) This promises to be the
of the year. B o b and A n i t a Hale host and hostess
day are notorious for their hospitality.

A golf tournament f o r the couples is planned as well as
a steak Bar-b-que and dance. T h e antique shops in the area
are always nice to visit if you don't golf.
There will be no business meeting at this affair and the
entire day will be dedicated to fun and games.

SCHOLARSHIP

Country Club, Rye, N. H.

T h e r e is no doubt as to the quality of American Golf
Courses where even an unraked trap can send the club members into mass hysteria.

Winfred B . Davis
Newport, N . H.
Assistant Superintendent
J o h n H. Cain Golf Club
Unity Rd., Newport, N. H.

Next
at the
August
hi-light
f o r the

J. Barry, Supt. Abenaqui

Unjust

B o b Flanagan did it. Bob is the first N. H. G. C. S . A .
Champion. T h e championship which was initiated this year,
had a field of 16 vie for the trophy.

T h r e e new members
They are:

— John

FUND

I f you have not already done so, would you please send
the money collected from Super-Day Tournaments t o :
Len Chace
Charmingfare Country Club
Candia, N. H.

I believe M r . Hill's complaint was about the layout and its
many doglegs. T h e course was laid out taking full advantage
of its surrounding terrain. Excellent. Whether a course be
difficult or easy every player must play on the same tees,
greens and fairways.

THE SHORT END OF THE DEAL
In the old days, when horse power was supreme, not every
team was evenly matched. T h e bigger horse was put on the
off, or right, side. In plowing, the stronger horse had to pull
in the furrow while the lighter horse got to walk on the firm
sod. In the barn the horses were always stabled the same way.
Big horse on the off side, same as when harnessed.
Sometinjes the double-tree was set over against the bigger
horse, with the length shortened on his side, so that he took
more than half the weight of the load.
F r o m this practice of old-time farming came the saying —
which you still hear used by people who never handled a team
— " H e got the short end of the deal," meaning that someone
had taken advantage of him in a business transaction.
GERALD

The

Netv

England

CARSON

Galaxy

Maine Golf Course Superintendents Association
Editor — Norman Pease, Supt., Purpoodock

AUGUST

MEETING

August meeting of the M. G. C. S. A. will be held August
4th at the Penobscot Valley C. C. in Orono. Vaughn Holyoke
of the U. of M. will be the guest speaker
Date
Time
Education
Lunch

August 4
11 A. M .
11:30 A . M .
\oon

Club, Cape Elizabeth,

NEW

Maine

MEMBER

Clyde Jones
Boothbay Region C. C.
Boothbay
There are still a few members who have_Jiat paid
dues.. Please get them in.

For He's a Jolly Good Fellow
N o matter how high an executive may climb, and how aware he is of
public relations, he still may be guilty of personal quirks that a n n o y the
people he deals with. A n d unless he pauses for an occasional stocktaking,
these can become more and more ingrained as years go by.
F o r instance: Does he talk t o o fast? This is apt to give people the impression that what he's saying can't bear logical analysis.
D o e s he have " a million of ' e m " ? H e ' d better get a good idea of the
other person's tastes before he tells that earthy joke.
Is he a fixer—who picks the lint off the jacket of the man he's talking
with?. Or a poker, who j a b s his-companion TB t h e c h e s t with - ^ f o r e f i n g e r ?
Or perhaps he's a peeker, and can't resist stealing a glance, either secret or
open, at the papers on another m a n ' s desk.
As he becomes one of the older boys, an executive would d o well to
remember that the good old days are gone forever. A constant reminiscer
is one of the world's greatest bores. In the same vein, he should beware of
ridiculing a new a p p r o a c h simply because it's never been done before.
A n d , finally,, he should avoid becoming a glory-hog, who takes credit for
his subordinates' ideas—unless they prove unworkable.
A n y m a n with all these shortcomings would be the office terror. But even
one or two can sabotage a m a n ' s success with others.

—

Reprint

from

"The

In

Box"

their

N E W

OF

ENGLAND,

INC.

Sound Off (continued)
"Recently, I was on vacation and decided to take in a few
of the Connecticut courses. I was surprised to see something
there that I haven't seen around home. In the particular
instance of my playing three different courses I discovered
the score card contained the name of the golf professional
AND the course superintendent. I think it a good gesture on
the club to follow this practice. Why can't you promote such
a practice?"
S I D N E Y CON KLIN
Washington, Mass.
G o o d observation, Sid. Let this be the first step in promoting a little recognition on the scorecard.

"Please do not label me a 'disgruntled member'. Rather this
is sent only in a moment of inquisitiveness. I was wondering
what this 'top dressing' bit is all about. My club superintendent has his top dressing crew out about twice a season.
Naturally, it doesn't help my putting when those plugs and
things are all over the green. But someone says it is a necessary
inconvenience and actually helps my putting in the end. Is he
kidding?"
JOE

"Mark me down as another confused member of the tribe.
"There have been occasions at my club when I don't know
whether I'm coming or going. But some of my members could
take lessons from me in that direction.
"One of my jobs is to place the tee markers. Recently, under
conditions when the course was soft and playing extremely
long, I moved the tee markers up front to make up for the
difference in distance the members would experience off the
tee.
"Well, sir, I still don't know where I'm at. Some of the
members came lip to me and shook my hand, congratulating
me for my 'quality of heady thinking'.
"On the other hand, there were a few members (most of
them the better players at the club) who wanted to wring my
•neck instead. They claimed I made the course too easy and
took away their advantage of being able to play shorter irons
to the greens. Who's crazy? Me or t h e m ? "
JACK FINLEY
Champion, N. D.
That's a leading question, Jack.

MILANO

Jersey City, N. Y .
The next time you hole one of those curlers to clinch your
Nassau bet, Joe, tip your hat to the trueness of the green,
then top your hat to your super for his top dressing job

(That
shutoff

leaves
point.

another

All the letters

more of same. Please
requested,

" I have been experiencing a problem at my course and
wonder if I'm alone in my trouble. I can only guess that it's
a gang of youths. Anyway, my flags and tee markers have
been disappearing at every turn of my head. The other morning I found a four-letter word burned into one of my greens.
Does this happen because of me or is it a case of countrywide vandalism? I wish I knew."

names

UNIVERSITY
Ctlltff

if

edition

OF

remember

or affiliations

RHODE

ISLAND

of Sound
were

interesting

precarious
ive

invite

to sign them. Naturally,

when

will be

S T E V E SULLIVAN
(Club Withheld)

and

ivithheld).

KINGSTON,
Dtpsrtmrnt

A&xttltsrt

Off at a

RHODE

ISLAND

if A^nnamy and MrcbunrxiJ

02881

AfrkultttTt

April 9, 1970

You call them vandals. W e call them animals.

Mr. Dean Robertson
24 Riverview Drive
Newbury, Massachusetts

01950

Dear Mr. Robertson:

TRANSPIRATION
is the loss of water vapor from plants into the air. The vapor
passes out chiefly through the stomata, small openings in the
surface of leaves. Most plants transpire a great deal of moisture on a hot, dry, windy day; much less in the cool of night,
or when the humidity is high, as just after a rainstorm. The
quantities of water given off are often very great. A single
corn plant may transpire 50 gallons (about 400 pounds) in a
100-day life span; an acre of corn plants may lose 1200 tons
of water in a 100-day growing season. Desert plants must be
adapted to survive high temperatures and dryness, when transpiration would normally be rapid. Why are deserts so hot
and dry?
Golf Chairman —
JULIUS AKSTEN
6 Main Street
Southboro, Mass. 01772
Phone 485-8885
Club Affiliation
St. Mark's Golf Club

Educational Chairman —
ALBERT A U G E R
6 A Fort Hill Street
Hingham, Mass. 021 13
Phone 749-2272
Club Affiliation
South Shore Country Club

Newsletter Chairman —
DEAN ROBERTSON
24 Riverview Drive
Newbury, Mass. 01950
Club Affiliation
Chestnut Hill Country Club

Past President —
A N T H O N Y C A R A N C I , JR.
22 Hillview Drive
No. Providence. R. I. 02900
Phone 723-1688
Club Affiliation
Ledgemont Country C l u b

We have set the dates for our thirty ninth annual turfgrass research field days. They are: Wednesday, August 26,
1970 - Golf Course Superintendents Field Day. Thursday,
August 27, 1970 - Lawn and utility Turf Field Day.
The field days are held at the turfgrass fieldhouse.
College of Resource Development, university of Rhode Island,
Kingston, Rhode Island. I will be happy to answer questions
anyone might have relative to these activities.
We would appreciate the inclusion of these dates in
the announcement section of your publication.
Sincerely,

(LjC&tfi*
C. R. Skogley
Associate professor

Information contained in this publication may be used
freely, in whole or in part, without special permission as
long as the true context is maintained. W e would appreciate a credit line.

Pieadc ^atfKUt^e FRSENDS OF THE ASSOCIATION
Agrico Chemical Company
R. D. Sibley, Jr., Representative
375 Power Rd.
Pawtucket, Rhode Island 02860
Agway Commercial Sales
Richard Williams
66 James St., W. Newton, Mass.
Phone 244-5309
Alfco Rokeby Co., Inc.
Fertilizers and Chemical Specialties
P. 0 . Box 267, Marietta, Ohio
Astroturf Recreational Surfaces
Monsanto Co., R. Spencer Thompson
P. 0 . Box /2130, Springfield, Mass.
Baker Tractor Corp., Ford Tractors
Harley Davidson Golf Cars
Swansea, Massachusetts

C. S. Curran
T. R. C. Products, Oils and Greases
7 Linden St., Framingham, Mass.
Fairway Equipment, Inc.
Sales •— Service — Rentals
35 Walnut St., Reading, Mass.
Farm Bureau Association
158 Lexington St., Waltham, Mass. 02154
Fred Heyliger, Representative
Fisk, Alden Ford, Tractor Sales, Inc.
Rear 900 Providence Highway
Dedham, Mass. 02026
Manuel Francis and Son, Inc.
Turf Nurseries
624 Webster St., Marshfield, Mass.
Ron Gagne — Scotts Golf Course Div.
45 Mechanic St., Apt. 1A
Foxboro, Mass. 02035

Philip C. Beal, Consulting Engineers
Irrigation and Recreation Facilities
P. 0 . Box 102, Hanover, Mass. 02339

Gold Star Sod Farms, Inc.
181 South Ave., Weston, Mass. 02197

The Charles C. Hart Seed Co.
Wetheisfielu, Conn.

Grounds Equipment Co., Inc.
383 Bt
Newton Gen., Mass.

Corenco Corporation
Tewksbury, Mass. 01876
J . E. Nordholm Turf Specialist

*Tom

Rowley..

Johns-ManviHo S
1.50 Causev- • .

*The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington St.
West Newton, Mass.
* Geoffrey S. Cornish
Golf Course Architect
Fiddler's Green, Amherst,

Benneti

i Corp.
Joston, Mass.

Karandrew Turf Farms, Inc.
Sam Mitchell, Sales Representative
18 Old Randolph St., Canton, Mass.
Mass.

George E. Cull
Tferra-Green Soil Conditioner
112 Green St., Abington, Mass,
Arthur Curran
Rock Driller Supply Equipment, Inc.
20 E. Glenwood Ave.
Hyde Park, Mass. 02136

The Kenneth Barrie Company
Irrigation
375 Centre St., Jamaica Plain, Mass.

'

Tuco Products Co.
Division of the Upjohn Company
Kalamazoo, Michigan
Magovern Company, Inc.
Lawn Acre Road
Windsor Lock, Conn.
D. L. Maher Co.
Water Supply Contractors
P. O. Box 274, Woburn, Mass.
Old Fox Chemical Inc.
Fertilizers — Seeds — Turf Chemicals
66 Valley Street
East Providence, Rhode Island 02914
Sil Paulini, Inc.
6 Manor Avenue
Natick, Mass. 01760
Richey & Clapper, Inc.
28 Rutledge Road
Natick, Mass. 01760
"Sawtelle Brothers
Jet. Routes 128 and 62
Danvers, Mass.
Shepard Sod Company
Merion Blue Grass and Pencross Bent
200 Sullivan Ave., So. Windsor, Conn.
Stur-Dee Rake Co.
P. O. Box 1087, Woonsocket, R. I. 02895
Philip A. Wogan
Golf Course Architect
21 Budleigh Ave., Beverly, Mass.
Wyandotte Chemical Co.
709 Salada Bldg., Boston, Mass.

Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp.
380 Union St.
West Springfield, Mass. 01089
Larchmont Irrigation Co.
Larchmont Ln., Lexington, Mass.

Yerxa's. Inc,
Golf Course Equipment
740 Broadway, S. Portland, Me.

* Contributors to the Lawrence S, Dickinson Scholarship

Fund

. 0 \M.t

r

f i j PDSTAGf

JUL2P70

~ 06
FIRST

f'lj I 74175

CLASS

f (bourse ^UffefintenJenh s^iiociation
or

NEW

E H B U k l

DEAN ROBERTSON
Newsletter Committee Chairman
24 Riverview Drive
Newbury, Massachusetts 0)950
Phone 462-4540
Club Affiliation
Chestnut Hill Country Club
L E O N V. ST. PIERRE
Business Manager
GERRY FINN
Contributing Editor

son
0Z165

;