KEW: ILEWilK
p ENIUS is only the power of making continuous efforts.
^ The line between failure and success is so fine that
we scarcely know when we pass it: so fine that we are
often on the line and do not know it. How many a man
has thrown up his hands at a time when a little more
effort, a little more patience, would have achieved success. As the tide goes clear out, so it comes clear in. In
business, sometimes, prospects may seem darkest when
really they are on the turn. A little more persistence,
a little more effort, and what seemed hopeless failure
may turn to glorious success. There is no failure except
in no longer trying. There is no defeat except from
within, no really insurmountable barrier save our own
inherent weakness of purpose.
-—Elbert Hubbard.

JANUARY

Mr. Pierce also related the very interesting story of the trip with the
Walker Cup team to Scotland last year,
giving some of the highlights of that
trip.
At the business meeting, the following officers were elected for 1935:
President
Guy C. West
312 Mt. P l e a s a n t St., Fall River, Mass.
1st Vice Pres
Howard D. Farrant
HOWARD D. FARRANT Business Mgr. 2nd Vice Pres
Ted Swanson
132 R u s s e t t Rd., W e s t Roxbury, Mass.
3rd Vice Pres
J. C. Sullivan
Secretary
Charles W. Parker
Frank H. Wilson
January, 1935
Vol. 7, No. 1 Treasurer
Trustee 3 yrs
Carlton Treat

This NEWSLETTER is published
monthly by the Greenkeepers Club of
New England, and sent free to its members and their Greens' Chairmen. Subscription price ten cents a copy, or a
dollar a year.
GUY C. WEST
Editor

ANNUAL

MEETING

The annual meeting was held on
January 7th at the Hotel Statler, Boston. The speaker was Mr. Harold W.
Pierce, Chairman of the Greens Committee at the Country Club, and also
Treasurer of the U. S. G. A.
Mr. Pierce told of several methods
he and his greenkeeper, Howard Farrant, had used for improvement at their
course. They found it much better to
get away from straight lines along the
edges of fairways, and from the circular
in the case of greens. Money was saved
by eliminating traps where they were
not needed. A grassy swale is often
harder to get out of than a trap, but
the dub golfer does not realize this.
Time has well been spent getting rocks
and stumps out of the rough, and filling
holes. A fairly deep bunker should
have a tongue of grass for an exit.
Traps should be made natural with no
straight lines. To find holes in fairway
or rough, ride the tractor over the
area.
Speaking of the U. S. G. A. and the
Green Section, Mr. Pierce pointed out
that the U. S. D. A. has money in large
amounts for the farmers now, and that
some of this money should be used for
turf experiments. Pressure should be
brought by the mayors of cities to this
end. There are some 5800 golf clubs in
the country, the largest membership of
the U. S. G. A. was 1129 member clubs,
now much less. Bobby Jones no longer
makes money for the U. S. G. A. People
who used to attend tournaments are
now playing themselves. Executives of
the U. S. G. A. do not even get their
expenses. There should be more member clubs so that the Green Section
might do more.

Entertainment Committee

Homer C. Darling
Alex Ohlson
John Latvis
Tom Galvin
Paul Wambei'g
Auditing

E. Hanson

Committee

Wm. McBride

Golf C o m m i t t e e

Arthur Anderson, Chairman
Paul Hayden
Joseph Oldfield
Emil Masciocchi
Ted Swanson
REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT

Fellow Members:
It is customary at this time to review
somewhat the events of the past year,
and to give an account of our stewardship.
The duties of the president are many
and varied. Your president has endeavored to be a president in fact as
well as in name. He has travelled over
1700 miles to attend every regular and
Directors' meeting. In addition, he has
travelled another thousand miles to attend the Rhode Island Short Course;
two days; the Mass. State Recreation
Conference for three days; the Joint
Meeting with the Service Section Committee; the Pro-Get-Together; R. I.
Greenkeepers Field Day; Lawn Day at
Mass. State; and four meetings of the
R. I. Greenkeepers Association, and reported all for the NEWSLETTER. He
has spoken at eight meetings.
The highlight of the year's program
was undoubtedly the tenth anniversary
party held on February 5th at Woodland, at which with song and entertainment, as well as in more serious mien,
we celebrated our ten years of existence
as an organization, and paid homage to
the founders of our club.

The other meetings have been held as
usual, with something of a falling off in
attendance, due no doubt to the fact
that our members have been especially
busy this past year. In my opinion, ihe
attendance could be increased with
benefit to both those attending and to
our club.
On December 18th, thru the courtesy
of Mr. Roland Wingate of the Country
Club, four of your officers spoke concerning the club over WAAB, with a
net-work of eleven stations hooked up
for the broadcast. The results of this
publicity are not known as yet, but will
doubtless be a boost for the club.
The various activities of the club will
be reported by the various officers and
committees in charge. It is not necessary for me to amplify their reports.
It is sufficient for me to say that I believe that our club has marched forward and not backward this past year.
This forward progress has not only been
shown by an increase in membership,
but also by a greater understanding of
our club by other golf organizations and
individuals, and by further calls for cooperation and service.
It is significant that, in spite of added
duties and responsibilities, many of our
members have still found the time to
carry on the activities of this club.
Some thirty-four members have served
as officers or on committees during the
year, and many others have aided the
club in one way or another. This club
has grown to have a definite meaning
to its members, and I believe also has
become a distinct factor in the Golf of
New England.
The Greenkeepers Club of New England should sDeak and act for Greenkeeping and Greenkeepers here in New
England. To a certain extent, it has
done this in the past. It should increase
its scope in the future. It should become even more active in the affairs
of Golf in general. We must realize
that greenkeeping is one of the most
important phases of Golf, and so educate the golfing public that it will realize and appreciate the fact. We must
be on the lookout for favorable publicity, and beware of the unfavorable.
We must be ever ready to cooperate
w th any individual or organization for
the good of Golf.
At this time it seems necessary to
again ask your cooperation with the
Editor of the NEWSLETTER, and ask
:

you to send him more articles and
news-notes. Upon his shoulders a heavy
burden is resting, that you may lighten,
if you will.
I appreciate greatly the fine work
which has been done during the year
by all the officers and committees; to
them all I extend my thanks and the
appreciation of the club.
We suffered a great loss this past
year in the death of our beloved Honorary President, John Shanahan, on
whose sage advice we had learned to
count. May the wisdom that was his
remain with us so that we who remain
may so conduct the affairs of the club,
that it mEyy ever go forward under
wise counsel.
In conclusion, I again wish to thank
one and all for the cooperation I have
received, and for the honor of being
your President this past year.
Respectfully submitted,
Guy C. West, Pres.
January 7, 1935.
R E P O R T O F T H E SECRETARY

Mr. President, and members of the
Greenkeepers Club of New England:
In this, my third annual report as
your Secretary, I will say that the year
1934 has measured up quite well with
preceding years.
The regular golf meetings were held
at the following clubs:—Weston,
Marshfield, Unicorn, Agawam Hunt,
Blue Hill, Brae Burn, and Franklin,
three of these being clubs never before
visited by the greenkeepers. At several
of these meetings, equipment demonstrations were held; and the Brae Burn
tournament was the third annual Greenkeeper-Professional tournament, the
popularity of which has been increasing
yearly.
The indoor meetings have been well
attended and of value and interest to
us. The special attractions were Mr.
Monks from the Ford Motor Company;
a general dealers meeting to which
dealers or their representatives were invited and given the opportunity to present short talks; Mr. C. Adrian Sawyer,
Chairman of the Service Section Committee to lay before us a new policy in
regard to the Turf plots at Charles
River; and Prof. North of Rhode Island
State College.

The regular February meeting was
set aside to make way for the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the
founding of this club. A dinner, entertainment, and dance were held February 5th at the Woodland Golf Club.
In recognition of their yearly efforts in
organizing the Greenkeepers Club, Mr.
Thomas Fahey and Mr. Alex Bryce were
extended special invitations to this celebration, which was exceedingly successful, and has perhaps pointed the way
to a similar special meeting each year.
The Club has cooperated with the
Massachusetts State College in its three
day Recreation Conference and with the
Massachusetts Golf Association in its
Joint Greenkeeper-Club Official meeting, which is becoming an annual event
on the early Spring calendar. Early
last month, your president, vice president, secretary, and treasurer were invited to participate in a broadcast over
WAAB by Roiand Wingate.
From my observations as your secretary for tnree years and from contacts
made during tnat time from my position, I cannot help but see the increasing appreciation tnat is coming to the
Greenkeepers Club and its members
from other associations, club officials,
and governing bodies of the Golf World.
We nave been most fortunate in the
officers of this club and individual members, who serving on committees, have
met at various times in cooperative eflort with other groups in tne interests
of Golf. We should appreciate their
work, but we cannot expect to be carried along indefinitely by a few hard
working conscientious members. I believe that 1935 will open up to us an
opportunity to further ourselves and
tms CiUD oy ail of us taking an intelligently aggressive part in the formulating of a policy for the continuance of
ti.e turi plots, if we wisn to continue
to progress and keep faith with our
own members who have done so much
lor us m tne past, we must definitely
indicate that when an opportunity is
offered us to enter a field from which
we nave Deen excluded, we are capable
and anxious to do so.
And finally, 1934 has left us with a
greater obligation than ever before.
Since it was necessary that John Shanahan should leave us, we individually and
collectively must strive to so conduct
ourselves as greenkeepers that we will

continue to propagate and advance the
ideals that John had for us.
Respectfully submitted,
Charles W. Parker, Sec.
THE SEASON AT PROVIDENCE
MUNICIPAL

In spite of the dry summer, the depression and competition from horse
racing, we have had more players this
year than ever before. We passed last
season's total by more than 5000 players.
If play continues to increase like it
has this year, there may be a demand
for another course in Providence because there is a limit to the amount of
play a golf course can stand and still
be kept in good condition. An average
of 200 eighteen-hole rounds per day
right through the season, that means
over 400 on good days and probably 50
or more on rainy days, gives any course
quite a lot of wear and tear.
The greens on a municipal course get
a great deal of wear and it sure is a
problem to keep them just right. We
have to utilize every foot of available
cupping space. Some of the greens here
are only 4500 to 5000 square feet and
most of these come on the one-shot
holes. They are the most difficult to
keep in shape. Last fall we enlarged
No. 7 green, adding 1400 square feet,
and find that, even with more play this
season, that green is in much better
condition. Next spring we are planning
to add to No. 5 green and to cut on;
to the very limit on all other email
greens. We must have more cupping
area if we are going to get heavier
play.
One year ago last spring, the greens
here had a pH of between 4.0 and 5.0.
We spiked and applied limestone, 25
pounds per 1000 square feet, and also
added lime (hydrated) to the compost,
which brought its pH to 6.8 so we can
use sulphate of ammonia whene'/er we
topdress without fear of making the
greens too acid. The greens have just
been tested and show a pH of 5.0—5.5.
The lime and top dressing have changed
the soil in the right direction, and this
fall the greens seem to have more color
than last year.
For Brown Patch, we used Calo C!or
with fine dry sand and spread it with
a Thompson No. 110 Spreader. This g
a better method here than the power
sprayer because it is faster and inter-

feres less with the players. I like to
apply the Calo Clor 1 ounce per 1000
square feet every week. Of course, the
labor cost is greater but I have noticed
that a two-ounce application every two
weeks will not stop an attack a day or
two before the two weeks are up, if
conditions are just right.
Up until now, we have been successful in keeping clover out of the greens
with a little careful weeding twice a
year in spite of the fact that there is
clover growing around the borders of
most of them. However, I was suspicious that, while cutting these areas,
many clover seed and stems were blown
onto the greens and probably took root
there. Being a firm, believer in the
adage that "an ounce of prevention is
worth more than a pound of cure", I
had a catcher made which would stop
the mower from seeding the greens to
clover. The man uses this catcher only
while cutting immediately around the
greens. The next step will be to chase
the clover away from the greens altogether, but this will take a few years of
careful fertilization.
In one issue of the News Letter, I
remember reading an article entitled
"When Dreams Come True". I do not
recall what the dream was but I do
know that I have experienced the same
feeling as the author who wrote that
article. The Providence Municipal
Course is within the city limits and, on
account of this location, was badly in
need of fencing. I had begun to lose
all hope of having a fence, realizing the
great expense of such a project. However, thru the efforts of my greens
chairman, Mr. E. K. Thomas, Park
Superintendent, we obtained the materials and last summer erected over
three miles of six-foot chain link fence
around the golf course and also around
the Athletic Fields which we are building next to the course. We did the
work with ERA labor and, three months
after the job was started, the fence
was up. This fence insures the golfers
more privacy, keeps out trespassers and
vandals, and incidentally contributes to
a more peaceful state of mind for myself.
Fencing the course was the outstanding improvement this year, but we are
continuing our drainage program which
was started last season. At present we
are draining the areas in front of No. 7
and No. 8 tees. These places are wet
only in the spring and, because they are
near the tees, do not seriously inter-

fere with play; but, if they are drained,
it will be an incentive to open the
course to play earlier in the spring.
Work of this nature which insures a
longer playing season is appreciated not
only by the golfers but by the men who
work on the course also. If we are
collecting greens fees, we can pay the
men. No course, not even a municipal
one, can afford to employ all the men
twelve months of the year but if, instead of seven months' work, they can
get eight or more because the course is
taking in money, we are doing our part
to relieve unemployment.
I had almost forgotten to mention
that last summer we drained, graded
and seeded three acres of swamp land
to be used as an addition to our practice
field. This work also was done with
ERA labor and sure is an improvement
because this area is visible from the
Club House.
With the same gang of ERA men, I
cleared and seeded nearly two acres of
land for a future fairway nursery.
During the summer, we invested in
pneumatic tires for the tractors and
will never go back to the steel wheels.
They certainly have made a hit with
me. We have the double wheels on the
rear, and single on the front. Pneumatics give much more traction and are
less injurious to the turf. We use our
tractors both early and late in the season, and sometimes in mud and on
frozen ground. Before we got the
pneumatics, we were losing a great deal
of time getting mired and I can remember days when the tractors could
not be used at all on the frozen ground,
but these troubles are now over. Another advantage that does not want to
be forgotten is that vibration is reduced
when pneumatic tires are used. This
will save both the tractor and the driver,
and will pay dividends in the long run.
There is more that I could write
about the season here at Providence
Municipal but I believe I have covered
the more important events. I only hope
that they haven't been set down in a
form too dull and matter-of-fact to
make good reading.
Everett J. Pyle.
We have recently received the announcement of a Golf Equipment Repair Shop at the Lake Sunapee C. C.,
New London, N. H., William F. Mitchell,
Mgr.

Don't forget the Recreation C o n f e r e n c e at the Mass. State College
on M a r c h 1 5 - 1 6 - 1 7 !

EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMME N. A. G. A. CONVENTION

Greenkeepers Ninth A n n u a l Convention and Show at Royal York Hotel,
Toronto, Canada

Tuesday, February 5th—10 A. M.
Tuesday, February 5th—2 P. M.

Address of welcome by his worship Mayor Stewart of Toronto.
Control of grubs and pests in turf grasses by Professor Caesar, Guelph Agricultural
College.
Greenkeeping in Canada by O. J. Noer, Milwaukee Sewage Commission.
Turf grasses and grass seed supply by W. H. Wright, Chief seed analyst, Ottawa.
The prevention of Brown Patch, Snow Mould (with motion picture) by Hunter
Gooding, Wilmington, Deleware.
Golf Architecture—the Greenkeeper Vindicated, by Robert T. Jones.

Wednesday, February 8th—2 P. M.

Insect control, by Professor H. C. Crawford, Entomological Branch, Ottawa.
Limitations in the use and interpretations of chemicals on golf course soils, by
G. H. Ruhnke, Professor of Chemistry, soil and fertilizers.
Fairway Fertilization by Kenneth Welton, Experimental turf gardens, Washington.
Compost Preparation and its uses by Chauncey Kirby, Rivermead Golf Club,
Ottawa.
Golf Course Maintenance by Chester Mendenhalt, Greenkeeper, Wichita, Kansas.
Greenkeeping, yesterday and today, by H. Hawkins, Greenkeeper, Lakeview G. C.,
Toronto.

Thursday, February 7th—2 P, M.

Fertilization, (Fairway and Putting Green) by B. L. Emslie, Fertilizer Division,
Montreal.
Tennis Courts and Swimming Pools by Paul J. Lynch, Superintendent of Recreation, City of Troy, N. Y.
Organization, by J. Gormley, Greenkeeper, Albany, New York.
What to plant around the Club Grounds by Professor Tomilson, Agricultural
College, Guelph.
Preparing Putting Greens for the winter, by L. Feser, Greenkeeper, Woodhall
G. C., Minn.

Wednesday Evening, February 6th—7 P. M,

Annual Dinner at The Royal York Hotel. Many prominent speakers will be heard
at this banquet which will be attended by the greenkeepers and their many
guests.

Thursday Evening, February 7th—12 P. M.

Annual Midnight Show at The Royal York Hotel (Greenkeepers and Guests).
Golf Show opens at 10 A. Ml and closes at 10 P. M. February 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th.
Annual Convention and election of officers, Thursday, February 7th at 10 A. M.
Railroad Fare to Toronto will be full fare going and one third fare returning
providing we have 100 valedated tickets to the convention—in other words,
you pay full fare going and ask your ticket agent for a convention certificate
to the N. A. G. A. Convention at Toronto, leave your certificate at the
registration desk at the Hotel and if we have 100 or more certificates you
will get one third fare on your return trip. ( D o n ' t f o r g e t to a s k f o r y o u r
Convention Certificate when you are buying your ticket at the station).

We are pleased to announce that
MR. W I L L I A M A. NYE
who, for the past several years, has been Assistant to
Professor Lawrence S. Dickinson of the Department
of Agronomy, Massachusetts State College, is now
affiliated with us and will continue our experimental
work on our Proving Grounds for Turf Grasses here
at Milford.
Mr. Nye will also call on you from time to time and
we hope that, through him, we can be of further service to you.

F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS

Grass Seed Division

Milford, Connecticut

MODERN SERVICE

The day of the itinerant scissors grinder as an all around repairman
has passed. Modern times have demonstrated the need for specialization
along all lines.
Conforming to the spirit of the times we have developed the best
equipped and most efficient LAWN MOWER REPAIR SERVICE in New
England, working exclusively on factory principles, where trained men
sharpen and recondition mowers, prolonging their life.
This service makes it unnecessary to discard a used mower, hand or
power, because of some defect that may be remedied.

What Our Service Includes:

Every mower, including the engine unit in power mowers, is taken
apart and completely REBUILT (not merely repaired).
Every part is thoroughly cleaned and any worn parts replaced.
Cylinder and bottom knife are reground. When assemble^, the mower is
greased and the blade is again ground in a specially constructed machine,
assuring a perfect cutting ed^e. All mowers are painted without additional charge.
We will examine your mower and furnish estimate without cost.
Truck service is maintained for collection and delivery within one
hundred mile radius of Boston.

IDEAL
MOWER SALES and SERVICE
111 C y p r e s s S t r e e t , B r o o k l i n e , M a s s . T e l e p h o n e B e a c o n 2 8 9 8

The following has been proposed as
an amendment to the by-laws, and will
be voted upon at the February meeting:
That Article V, Section B, be amended
to read as follows—"For new members
the year shall be divided into four
quarters. Applicants for membership in
the first quarter shall deposit ten ($10)
dollars with the Secretary with their
application; in the second quarter, the
sum of eight dollars and seventy-five
c^nts ($8.75); in the third quarter,
seven dollars and fifty cents ($7.50);
and in the fourth quarter, six dollars
and twenty-five cents ($6.25)".
Arthur Anderson has recently returned from a two weeks vacation in
Canada. Incidently, we understand that
Arthur is much interested in the radio
these days, as one of his "friends" who
broadcasts has dedicated a song to him,
that well known "Don't let your Love
go Wrong."
PRODUCTSON AND MARKETING
OF REDTOP

A new bulletin by this title, recently
issued by the University of Illinois
Agri. Exp. Station as Bulletin 404, has
much of interest concerning this grass.
The following extracts are taken from
the bulletin:
B-edtop occupies an important place
in meadows and pastures in the northern humid region of the United States,
particularly east of the Mississippi
river, and in the more mountainous portions of the humid regions of the Southeast. It is the second most important
pasture grass in the United States, ranking next to Kentucky bluegrass. About
85 percent of th^ world's supply of redtop seed and 95 percent of the total
redtop seed in the United States is produced in a dozen counties in southern
Illinois, and has been produced there
since about 1875. A limited amount of
redtop seed is produced in Iowa and
Missouri as a volunteer crop with timothy.
Redtop, the most important of the
grasses belonging to the genus A g r o s t i s ,
is a perennial of the bent-grass group,
having a creeping underground habit of
growth which makes a coarse, loose
sward. If grown isolated, a redtop
plant makes tufts 1 to 3 feet in diameter
which vary from about 30 to 40 inches

in height. The vigorous rootstalks are
shallow and generally 2 to 6 inches in
length. Redtop matures about the same
time as timothy. It is unquestionably
native to Europe and not to America,
despite the claims of some early botanists and others that it is native to Illinois.
The concentration of redtop seed production in the southern part of Illinois
has been due to a combination of economic factors, favorable climate, and
soils not so well adapted to other crops.
The principal uses of redtop are: (1)
as a wet-land or sour-land hay crop;
(2) as a part of pasture mixtures, especially on wet, sour, and poor land and
in New England where the English idea
of seed mixtures for "top" and "bottom" grasses is well established; (3) as
a part of lawn and golf-course mixtures; (4) as a soil binder; and (5) as
an ingredient in seed mixtures for hay
to be used on the farm.
Soil

Treatment

The effect of soil treatment on the
yield of redtop for seed and hay has
been studied in work conducted on the
Newton and Odin experiment fields in
the main redtop district of Illinois.
The use of organic manures and lime,
considered on these soils as basic treatment, gave yields considerably higher
than the average for the redtop area.
At Odin each addition in soil treatment
resulted in an increased yield of hay
but not always in an increased seed
yield. At Newton rock phosphate gave
increased yields of both seed and hay
when added to the basic treatment. Increased amounts of limestone gave increased seed yields over the average
yields on the treated check plots.
Redtop gives best results when
planted on a well-prepared, compact
seed bed, because the seeds are small
and the plants delicate when young.
Redtop is usually sown broadcast. To
obtain a stand ordinarily requires from
8 to 15 pounds of seed an acre, with en
average of about 10 pounds. The
amount of redtop sown at any one time
depends upon (1) whether the seeding
is new or supplementary; (2) whether
the seed is thresher-run or recleaned;
and (3) whether redtop is seeded alone
or with other grasses. The amount of
recleaned redtop seed actually used for
seeding at any one time probably averages not more than 4 pounds an acre
and is seldom as high as 6 pounds.

MA - CHES - OK

Leaf Moid

and

Leaf Mold Peat

For use on

Putting Greens, Lawns, Flower
Gardens and Potted Plants

Samples submitted to various Experiment Stations were found to contain :
"91.73'/'r organic matter and
water holding capacity of 242.1.9c."
"94.6 % organic matter."
"1.03% Nitrogen."
"Material is carefully sieved and is
free from objectionable roots and
dead branches and no toxicity."
Per ton—$25
% ton—$8
May

fce

M .

Prices:

1 ton—$15
100 lb.—$1.75

p u r c h a s e d on B u d g e t
if desired.

F .

Concord, Mass.

Plan

S M I T H

P. Q. B o x 174

Announcement has been received of
the Seventh Annual Short Course in
Turf Management at the College of
Agriculture, Rutgers University, New
Brunswick, N. J., to be held this year
from February 1 8 - 2 2 . A very fine
program has been prepared with Dr.
Howard B. Sprague as Leader. Enrollment for this course is limited to sixty
persons.
President West has appointed the following Committees for 1935:
Welfare: James Sullivan, Chrg 47
Hammond Street, Waltham, Mass.;
Martin Greene, John Counsel!.
Employment:
J a m e s McCormack,
Chr., 450 William Street, Stoneham,
Mass.; M. D. Maxwell, Michael O'Grady.
I n t e r - r e l a t i o n , M a s s . S e c t i o n : John
Latvis, Chr., Tatnuck C. C., Worcester,
Mass., Lloyd Stott, John Clinton; R h o d e
I s l a n d S e c t i o n : Everett Pyle, Chr., 204
Calla Street, Providence, R. I.; Wallace
Peckham, Oscar Chapman.
Dues are now payable to the Treasurer, F r a n k H. Wilson, Charles River
Country Club, Newton Centre, Mass.

Townsend
HEAVY DUTY FAIRWAY UNITS
F , O. B. F a c t o r y
3 Gang w i t h F r a m e
5 Gang w i t h Frame
7 Gang w i t h Frame
30" U n i t only

Blackhawk
GOLF TRACTORS

Prices
$300.00
$500.00
$700.00
$ 90.00

Simplicity, s t r e n g t h a n d long- w e a r
are combined in the new light draft,
smooth cutting Townsends.
Oil tight Gear Housings.
Unbreakable Gears.
8" Dia. Reel with
wide Blades.
The T o w n s e n d is a W o r k e r , it h a s
eve-ything a good f a i r w a y m o w e r
needs. It costs less to buy and to use
as it has no frills or gadgets in its
make up.

F . O. B. B o s t o n
Blackhawk
Fairway

Prices

Master

with D u m p Body

Chief

with

900-15

$755.00
$768.00

Airwh^els a n d D u m p Body

Park Chief---75"

Wreel

Base

$800.00

900-15 Air Wheels
95% of the B l a c k h a w k T r a c t o r consists of the new Ford V8 chassis a n d
engine. W e g u a r a n t e e the engine a n d
chassis through Y o u r L o c a l F o r d
Dealer.

T h e reduction u n i t is the strongest
used in a n y golf t r a c t o r a n d is
g u a r a n t e e d for t h r e e y e a r s .
T h e Speedy, 'Powerful, springmounted B l a c k h a w k will save you
money. W r i t e for details.
Distributors:

Power Lawn Mower Service Co.
15 T e n n e y Court, Somervilie, M a s s . — S o m e r s e t

0504-W

Seed

Acreage.—Redtop harvested for seed
in Illinois has varied in acreage from
year to year, and has shown considerable
tendency to be up for two years and
then down for two years. The acreage
harvested for seed continued upward
thru 1931 and then moved downward
rather sharply. Acreage harvested for
seed in the' state during 1922-1932
ranged from 150,000 acres in 1922 to
272,700 in 1931 with an average of
204,800 for the period 1922-1933.
Yield.—Yield of redtop seed averaged 54 pounds an acre for the period
1922-1932 but varied from 30 pounds
in 1925 to 75 pounds in 1927. Variation in yield from year to year has been
a greater factor in variation in production than has change in total
acreage. Differences in yield from
county to county were pronounced during both 1931 and 1932. Counties in
the northern half of the ^feed-producing
area tended to show higher yields than
those in the southern half.
Production.—Domestic production of
redtop seed averaged 370 carloads or
11,120,000 pounds of cleaned seed for
the period 1922-1933. There was a
wide variation from year to year, production being as low as 200 carloads in
1925 and 1933 and as high as 600 carloads in 1927 and 1931.

M e t h o d s a n d P r o b l e m s of M a r k e t i n g
Redtop Seed

Marketing Thru Local Dealers
Redtop harvest for seed begins somewhere between July 8 and July 19, most
frequently averaging around July 16.
Threshing may begin any time after a
reasonable amount of curing has taken
place, that is, aften ten days or more
depending on the weather. It is a common practice among producers to obtain from a local dealer a supply of
cotton bags of the kind used for seed
and grain. Into these the redtop seed
is placed as it comes from the threshing machine. A farmer is seldom if
ever formally obligated to sell to the
dealer who furnishes him with bags,
a.ltho he rarely sells elsewhere. Time
of active selling by producers extends
from the latter part of July thru October. being influenced in Dart by Drogress
made in threshing and in part bv trend
in price. The usual date of sale in 1931
was about September 1 and in 1932
August 20, according to reporting producers. Dates of sales were influenced
of the redtop seed has been chiefly
the personal opinions of proin the eastern half of the ducers byconcerning
posible price
States north of the southern changes as the seasontheadvanced.
Tennessee.

Seed.—For some years past redtop
seed has been the only product from
the redtop crop having a commercial
outlet. Yearly supplies showed a strong
UDward trend during the ten-year period
1923-1932 because of increase both in
production and carryover, while disappearance of seed showed only a very
slight trend upward.
Except as retained to meet the relatively small planting requirements of
near-by producers, the redtop seed crop
which is used entirely for seed plantings
must go into commercial channels. The
crop is harvested mainly during the
second half of July and moves rapidly
out of the growers' hands. During 19221932 an average of 20 percent moved
out of growers' hands by August 15,
65 percent by September 15, 85 percent by October 15, and 90 percent by
November 15.
Most
utilized
United
line of

Both Kentucky bluegrass and :--edtop
seed are important constituents of
lawn-grass mixtures. For most lawngrass mixtures Kentucky bluegrass is
considered the base but may be displaced in part by the bent grasses, and
for shady lawns by P o a trivialis (roughstalked meadow grass) and fescues.
Redtop seed finds an important place
in all such mixtures. Some rye grass
is added as a companion crop, the
amount being determined largely by the
price at which the mixture is to sell.
A lawn-grass mixture for general
purposes usually contains Kentucky
bluegrass, redtop, one or more fescues,
some rye grass, and frequently white
clover. Redtop develops quickly and is
fairly lasting.
As a binding grass on sour, poor soils
that are subjected to alternate p e r i o d
of excess moisture and drouth as well
as to considerable tramping, redtop
serves a useful purpose and large
amounts are used by the highway departments of many states.
With a better understanding of the
characteristics of redtop and with more
attention being given to improved mixtures for various types of seeding, redtop seed consumption may be expected
to show further increase.

SAVE

YOUR

SHARPENING

BILL!

Install A

"TRUEDGE"
The New,

Improved

Grinder

And yon will find your mowing
equipment operating better and
cutting cleaner.
"THE TRUEDGE" grinds all
cutting edges precisely true and
straight-, insuring a light, uniform,
clean-cutting contact of all reelblades with the bottom knife.
A mechanically accurate holding fixture permits grinding bed knives
right on the cast-back. This fixture is always in operating position and
no time is lost in special set-ups.
The frames of fairway units, putting greens and hand mowers are
held in the grinder and the reel blades are ground on their own bearings.
The operation is very simple. Your club mechanic will use it with
perfect success right from the start. Write us for complete information.

CARPENTER TOOL COMPANY—-East Providence, R. I.

Worthington Mowers

Again Worthington Cuts down Cutting Costs

GAIN W o r t h i n g t o n cuts down cutting costs for you. No need to
buy the whole tractor outfit to
get it. If your W o r t h i n g t o n is a n y
odel from the 1933 one on, it can
be equipped with a power take-off
and sickle bar. The b a r folds up out

A

of w a y w h e n not in use. Is easily
removable. W i t h W o r t h i n g t o n tractor,
g a n g m o w e r s a n d sickle bar, the one
outfit m e e t s all your cutting needs.
Send for circular. Get the facts. See
for yourself.

UfortJungton
f/ZV

fe

v

SdMi

_ ...

•

WORTHINGTON MOWER COMPANY

M a i n Office
STROUDSBURG,

PA.

1

Boston
STATE

Office
STREET

NOW YOU CAN CUT THE ROUGH WITH
TORO MASTER TRACTORS

The New Sickle Bar rough cutting attachment is now
available on Toro Master Tractors. Easily attached, it is
interchangeable with gang mowers in twenty minutes' time.
This new attachment greatly simplifies rough cutting
problems. Operating satisfactorily at a higher rate of speed
it will get over the ground quickly and keep the rough in a
condition which will please your members.
Not only is it available on all new Master Tractors, either
Model A or B, but it can be furnished for the older models
numbered from 372 up.
On your request we will be glad to mail you a special
circular outlining fully the advantages of this ingenious new
machine.

New England Toro Co.
West Newton, Mass.