1

Northwest TURFGRASS TOPICS

Vol. 25, No. 1

May 1982

PUYALLUP, WASHINGTON

NORTHWEST TURFGRASS
CONFERENCE

LET'S BE CALLED
PROFESSIONALS
by Norm Whitworth
President

The world of turf management is changing rapidly in
today's world of electronics, mechanization, scientific turf
management, and budgets unheard of a few years ago.
Today's turf managers have a staff of employees upward to
double figures, budgets for operations consistently over
$200,000, and irrigation systems that become more complex
every year.
With owners and administrators expecting more and
more every year, we have to be professionals at every phase,
starting with professional budgets and damn good
personnel managers. Today's turf manager is expected to be
part accountant, part scientist, part engineer, part heavy
equipment operator, construction superintendent,
landscaper, part manager, and another hundred jobs you
are expected to know how to perform. All are subjected to
pressures and demands that would stagger the average
corporate manager.
Salary levels have increased. But (except in government)
medical insurance, long term disability, pension and job
security are unknown for the vast majority of turf managers.
I feel it is, in the words of one recent newspaper article
about turf managers, "Time to bid adieu to the
"preenskeeper and recognize the Professionals." It's time to
vork together as an association, to educate those whom you
work for.
A high percentage of our turf people do not receive any
benefits — this sure takes away glamour and hope for
longevity in the industry.

Plans are well underway for the 36th Annual Northwest
Turfgrass Conference. The conference will be held at the
Towne Plaza Motel in downtown Yakima, right adjacent to
the Convention Center on September 21, 22 and 23. As
usual, there will be a golf tournament for all conference
participants on Monday, September 20, and registration
will be going on in the afternoon of the 20th and each
morning thereafter. The educational program will begin on
Tuesday, September 21, at 8:00 a.m. and run through 1:00
p.m. each day and will allow you ample time for relaxation,
recreation, private conferences, or just spending the time
with your family or friends.
The program committee, headed up by Jim Chapman,
has a very exciting and complete program with a host of
excellent speakers for this year's conference. For the first
time we will have a one-half day split session specifically for
parks and school attendees. Specific topics related to golf
course management will be represented in the other session
after which all attendees will come together for general
sessions.
Yakima, Washington is very centrally located in the
whole Pacific Northwest, and cuts down travel distance for
everyone. The City of Yakima has plenty to offer for the
enjoyment of all. Always remember that the sun always
shines at Conference Time in Yakima, and there should be
plenty of delicious, ripe fruit available for you to take home.
Mark these dates on your calendar now and plan to attend
the conference and bring along someone else you think
should also be there. Reservation cards and pre-registration
forms will be mailed to you at a later date well in advance of
Conference Time.

TURFGRASS FIELD DAYS —

1982

The annual turfgrass field days will be held at the Western
Washington Research and Extension Center at Puyallup,
Washington, on June 15, 16 and 17. On Tuesday, June 15,
the field day is designed specifically for golf course oriented
turfgrass managers. With this group we will be discussing
and showing sand putting green management with
nutritional programs, low maintenance turfgrass programs
for putting greens and fairway type turf, growth regulators
and other management programs.
The field day on June 16 will be solely for State, Federal
and County turfgrass workers.
On June 17, we will be conducting the general turfgrass
field day for all persons in industry, home lawns, parks,
cemeteries, schools, etc. These groups will view the entire
turfgrass program with the exception of intensive putting
green management.
The Field days will start at 10:00 a.m. at Farm 5 which is
approximately 6 miles east of the Main Experiment
Station and will conclude at approximately 1:00 p.m.
Continued on Page 2 Column 1
y

Continued from Page / , Column 2
Turfgrass Field Day at Prosser, Washington
There will be a turfgrass field day also at the Irrigated
Agriculture Research and Extension Center at Prosser,
WA, on Tuesday, June 8. This will be an opportunity for
interested persons in Eastern Washington to see some of the
turfgrass varieties that are performing well in that area and
also to hear discussions on turfgrass management practices
including weed and disease control from a number of
different specialists.
Mark these dates on your calendar now and take
advantage of this learning experience.

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MANAGING SURFACE TREE
ROOTS
(Reprinted from "Tech Turf Topics", Virginia
Tech, July, 1981)

Surfacing tree roots constitute perennial problems in
lawns. The lawn mower bounces across the uneven plant
roots creating a very real safety hazard for people near the
lawn mower and damages the mower as well. Some of the
causes for surfacing tree roots are:
1. Improper plant selection. Trees such as maple, poplar,
willow, and sycamore should be avoided to minimize
surface root problems.
2. Any large growing tree, given sufficient time, will have
surfact roots, which will interfere with lawn mowing.
3. Root growth. The majority of roots are initiated 4-8
inches under ground. As the root continues to grow, it
will surface. For example, if a root was initiated 4 inches
under ground, once the root is 8 inches in diameter, it
will become a surface root.
There are several steps that can be taken to correct these
problems.
1. Remove the offending roots. Roots should be cut cleanly
with a sharp instrument to minimize the size of the
wound. This may be the only possible solution where
roots are disturbing driveways or sidewalks. Shallow
excavations of only one foot will remove the majority of
the functioning roots of a tree.
2. Topdressing. One to two inches of a well drained
medium such as sand applied over the offending roots
will reduce damage to the tree roots and smooth the
surface. Topdressing with more than 2 inches of material
may become detrimental to the tree.
3. Planting ground cover rather than grass may provide an
attractive solution to the problem. The surface roots are
still present, but hidden by the higher growing ground
cover. A number of ground covers are also more tolerant
to shade than most turfgrasses.
4. In general, surface rooting can be reduced by selecting
smaller size trees at their mature growth. At least with
the roots produced, they will generally be smaller than
the larger trees.

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THE SUPERINTENDENT'S
CORNER
By Dick Malpass

The average golfer, or athlete, or user of park facilities, or
homeowner seldom gives a thought about the grass on
which he is walking or playing. He doesn't worry about
fertilizers, or which fungicides are used to keep disease
under control, or possible compaction, or insect control, or
a host of other problems that may beset the turf. He is out
for a good time, or to win a game, or perhaps to enjoy the
beauty of his surroundings. He seldom is concerned with the
type or variety of grasses used and why or what would
happen if a turf disease were left unchecked, or if those
moths mean that lawn grubs will soon destroy his turf, or
what happens when turf is overused.
We wonder if he has ever thought about the years of
research that were necessary to develop the grass on which
he putts, or plays football, or baseball, or other sports using
turf. Does he know that those grasses were specifically
designed to take the beating it is subjected to and still remain
vigorous? Or that literally millions of dollars are sometimes
spent to find and test a chemical that will keep a disease in
check that could destroy turf in a short time? Or why sulphur
is needed on turf in some areas and not in others; or why
Western Oregon and Washington need lots of lime and the
reverse is true east of the Cascades. We could go on and on in
the same vein, but what we are trying to emphasize is the fact
that research is the answer to all these questions and
research costs money. And there is always a shortage of
research money. Riverside Golf and Country Club is a
member of the Northwest Turfgrass Association which was
formed nearly forty years ago by a number of people who
were concerned by the lack of knowledge concerning the
proper maintenance of turf in this area. During the past
forty years much has been accomplished in the areas
previously mentioned. A lot of this research work has been
carried on for the entire Pacific Northwest at the Research
and Extension Center at Puyallup, Washington. Turf plots
are maintained, and there new grasses are studied as to their
response to diseases found in the Northwest, to cutting
heights, to compaction of soils as would be found on
football fields or other playgrounds. Fertilizer studies are
ongoing as well the testing of new chemicals developed by
various companies for disease control, weed control, or
insect control. The results obtained from these studies has
materially benefitted golf courses, school athletic facilities,
parks, homeowners, and others using turfgrass.
What has it cost us, you ask? Would you believe $40.00
per year. Are fine greens worth it — or beautiful fairways?
We hope that you think so. The Northwest Turfgrass
Association needs more funds for research and it needs it
badly. They are looking for more members to help and for
Association Members (individuals) at $15.00 per year.
Think about it! Anyone can be a member of this association
and benefit from participation — either as a full member or
an association. Ask your friends in business or others if they
will join.
DON'T ASK
I pulled into a parking lot and asked the policeman if I
could park over there. He replied, "No." I proceeded to ask
why all those other cars were parked over there. He replied,
"They didn't ask."

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C H A R L E S G. W I L S O N
HONORED
Charles G. Wilson of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the man
who pioneered the U.S. Golf Section Green Section
Regional Turf Service in 1952, has been named the recipient
for the 1982 Green Section Award, presented by the USGA
in recognition of his distinguished service to golf through
working with turfgrasses.
Wilson received the Green Section award during the 26th
Annual U.S.G.A. Green Section educational conference at
the New Orleans Hilton in New Orleans, LA, Wednesday,
February 3, 1982. Steven J. Horrell of El Cahon, CA,
Chairman of the Green Section Award Committee, made
the presentation.
The theme of the U.S.G.A. Conference was "The Good
Earth Needs Good Golfing Turf". For the second
consecutive year the conference was held as part of the Golf
Course Superintendents Association of America
International Turfgrass Conference and Show at the
invitation of the GCSAA.
The U.S.G.A. established the Green Section Award in
1961 to honor those persons requiring special recognition
for distinguished service to golf in any phase of work with
turfgrasses such as research, education, extension,
superintendents, maintenance, management, etc.
Furthermore, the U.S.G.A. believes that there are many
individuals who have made immeasurable contributions
respecting the arena upon which the game of golf is played.
Their contributions and services may be evidenced by their
achievements over a number of years or by a single act.

In presenting the Green Section Award the U.S.G.A.
wishes to identify, celebrate, and hold up for emulation
individuals such as Charles G. Wilson who exemplify
outstanding dedication to golf through their work with
turfgrasses.
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Water Management
By Dr. Roy L. Goss

How many reasons can you think of why you should do a
better job of managing water? I can think of many reasons,
but just to list a few, let's consider some of the following:
1. It is a diminishing natural resource.
2. It is becoming more expensive each year and we "ain't
seen nothin' yet".
3. It takes energy to pump and distribute the water, and this
also costs money.
4. Water is in short supply in certain areas and in nearly all
areas at certain times.
5. We can grow healthier plants when we supply just the
right amount of water.
6. We can destroy our soil structure through excessive
applications of water and intensive compaction.
7. We enhance many diseases with over-irrigation.
8. We leach valuable nutrients and pollute ground water,
streams and other water bodies through abusive water
practices.
These are just a few of the reasons why we should do a
better job of managing water.
There have been many articles written about water and
why we should take better care of it. It is a humbling thought
to ponder that there is no new water and the water we are
using today was used by Adam and Eve. It is frightening to
consider that in the United States we have areas that are
using water five times faster than nature can give it back.
Such areas are Tucson, Arizona; San Antonio, Texas;
Miami, Florida; and others. Much the same as oil, the
people in the U.S. consume as much water as a population
many times our size. It is further humbling to consider that
water available for our use is less than 1% of the total in
existence. The remainder of the water is tied up in polar ice
caps and salt water oceans, etc. When we consider that we
are polluting that 1% faster than nature can purify it, it is
very frightening indeed.
What About Water Managers?
Turfgrass installations such as golf courses, parks,
cemeteries, school grounds and other large areas are quite
often irrigated on a hit-or-miss basis. There is no real science
applied, it's just a matter of keeping the area from turning
brown. Ask yourself seriously, could you afford to hire
someone to manage the total watering program and
irrigation system at your facility? In many cases you cannot
afford it because you are too small. But this individual could
become well-trained and become an expert in this area ol
water management while performing other necessary
functions as well. Many areas are large enough to have one
man totally responsible for the irrigation program and water
management on all of the plants.
This individual should be well versed in not only watering
systems and methods of applying water, but an expert on the
needs of different plants for water. He should have a
thorough knowledge of drought tolerance plant materials
and be well versed in the characteristics of the soils.
Many municipal golf courses have found that their water
bill is the biggest cost they have in operation, and as I said
earlier, you ain't seen nothin' yet. Wait until the next hikes in
water bills come into effect, and also the increased costs of
energy.
According to Bob Cloud, a Los Angeles based associated
irrigation consultants incorporated firm, we have had a need
for water managers for years. All we have to do is figure out
how we can save $20-$30,000 on perhaps $100-5150,000

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water bill, and this one individual becomes a reality rather
than a luxury.
At this point, we are considering only dollar factors, but
just think about soil structural deterioration, the loss of
desirable turfgrasses and reduced value of the facility for
normal functions. All of the money in the world could not
get any more water in California in 1977, and water
management in the highest degree had to be practiced.
According to a national conference on water at St. Louis,
Missouri in 1977, the following conclusion was made:
"Overall, most parts of the nation are short of water now
and consumptive use nationwide will increase by 33% by the
year 2000." This message was sent to President Carter at that
time. Just how serious are we really taking this most vital
issue?

TANK MIXING HERBICIDES

BALTZ & SON CO.

By Roy L. Goss

One of the best weed control measures is a dense and
vigorous turfgrass stand. To produce this type of turf we
must practice good fertility management, watering,
mowing, disease control, and all the good things that go into
good management. Essentially, this is integrated pest
management at its best.
Thin, weakened stands of turfgrasses or those that have
been badly injured by insects and diseases, improper
watering practices or possibly mistakes, are readily invaded
by a host of broadleaf weeds and weedy grasses. Fewer
herbicide applications for weed control are needed if good
maintenance programs are carried out.
Weeds will always encroach to a certain extent even on
well managed turfgrasses. Therefore, applications of
herbicides cannot be deleted from good management
programs. Timing of herbicide applications is very
important for effective weed control. Essentially, herbicides
can be applied to weeds any time that they are effectively
growing and usually produce reasonably good control.
Older weeds and those that are hardened off from various
stresses, particularly in mid summer, are more difficult to
control. In general, the best control period is SeptemberOctober or April through June.
Weeds vary in their sensitivity to applied herbicides. If the
weed populations are dominated by dandelion and plantain,
2,4-D amine is the best, and safest material to apply.
Generally, the weed population is composed of a broad
spectrum of weeds and 2,4-D will not effectively control
such things as mouse-eared chickweed, English lawn daisy,
Continued on Page 7, Column 1

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Continued from Page 6, Column 1
yarrow, clovers and a few others. It becomes necessary,
then, to select the herbicide that will cover a broad spectrum
Commercial preparations are available on the market
that contain 2,4-D, MCPP and Dicamba and will control a
broad range of broadleaf weeds. It may not always be
necessary to apply all three materials.
Formulations of herbicides will vary from one
manufacturer to another and, they are not always
compatible when mixed. If you maintain separate quantities
of 2,4-D, MCPP and Dicamba, there are times when you
wish to tank mix your own materials. The following
precautions will help to avoid problems and disaster:
1. Never mix the concentrates together, but add them
separately to a filled tank.
2. If you do not know the compatibility of herbicides,
mix a small but proportionate quantity of each material
in a jar, shake it up, let it stand for a period of time and
observe for the formation of any gels, clabbering or
separation of the material. If there is separation, shake
the material again and see if they mix thoroughly. If so,
you are okay.
3. Herbicides are available as amines, esters and salts, and
it is best to always tank mix the same type of
formulation.
4. The herbicide effect is additive. For example, you may
wish to apply 2 lb active ingredient per acre for 2,4-D
amine if it were to be sprayed alone, and perhaps the
same for MCPP and possibly up to Vi xlb active
ingredient per acre from Dicamba to Va to /i lb active
ingredients per acre. Never use the full rate unless you
are using them singly.

5. Be sure to read the label for any precautions about tank
mixing.
6. Even though the herbicides may be physically
compatible, their efficacy may be changed through
combination. It would probably be best if you are
experimenting to mix a proportionate small amount as
suggested above and spray these on a small area and
observe for effect. You can obtain results in about one
week.
Just remember that mixtures of herbicides may not
always be necessary and possibly one or more expensive
ingredients may be wasted or unnecessarily used in the
environment. Know the area you are spraying and the
susceptibility of ornamental plants within the area.
Materials such as Dicamba will leach readily into the root
zone of susceptible ornamentals and cause extreme injury or
kill them outright.
In final analysis, be sure that you thoroughly know the
target you are after and have positive identification of the
problem.
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A

C O R R E C T I O N F O R THE D E C E M B E R
1981 I S S U E O F T U R F G R A S S T O P I C S

It is gratifying to know that some of you do read the
Turfgrass Topics and find the errors. It was called to my
attention that on Page 6 there was something strange about
the identification of two of your directors. It seems that the
printers did some minor reshuffling in organization and got
the names switched between Milt Bauman and Roy Goss.
Milt and I have discussed this and have come to the
conclusion that we had just as soon retain our own
individual identities. Just remember, Milt is the guy with the
hair! One reminder of our error came as far away as Rutgers
University from Dr. Henry Indyk.

NORM WHIT WORTH LTD.
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WORKING WITH YOU TO
FIND THE ANSWERS TO
YOUR TURFGRASS
QUESTIONS
Where can you turn tofindanswers to your questions about course
conditioning, turfgrass management, resource conservation and other
problems confronting golf course superintendents today?
Why not caD on the more than 60 years of experience and knowledge
compiled by the Green Section of the United States Golf Association?
The Green Section's 13 agronomists are there to share their expertise
with your club or course through the USGA's Turf Advisory Service.
GREEN SECTION OFFICES
Northeastern Region
USGA. Far Hills. New Jersey 07931
Telephone <201)766^7770
Mid-Atlantic Region
9017 Forest HOI Ave . Suite B 4
Richmond. Virginia 23235
Telephone (804) 272 5553
North-Central Region
P O Bo* 592
Crystal Lake. Illinois 60014
Telephone (815)459 3731
Southeastern Region
P O Box 4213. Campus Station
Athens. Georg* 30602
Telephone <404)548 2741
Mid-Continent Region
17360 Cort Road
Dallas. Texas 75252
Telephone (214) 783 7125
Western Region
222 Fashion Lane. Suite 107
Tustin, California 92680
Telephone <714)544 4411
201 Mam Street
Vancouver. Washington 98660
<206)695 2181

USGA.
United States
Golf Association

Conducted by a field staff
strategically located in regional
offices throughout the United
States, the Turf Advisory Service
vsiting program allows you to
consult highly trained agronomists
who specialize in golf course
maintenance and management
For a nominal fee (which Herb
Graffs, founder of the National
Golf Foundation and Golf Business
magazine, called "the best bargain
in sports"), your regional Green
Section representative will consult
with your club officials and
management personnel. The
accumulated knowledge and
resources of the entire U S G A
Green Section will be at
your service.

Green Section
TURF ADVISORY S E R V I C E