3L 5ii. a e. 'si ecor A cc" 3a VOLUME I. AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1896. NUMBER 1. AT T HE COLLEGE. Term opens Monday, F e b r u a ry 24. Dr. F r a nk E. Weil of North Andover, Mass., brother of Prof. Weil, died suddenly J a n u a ry 6. A good deal of repair work h as been done in t he shops this winter, besides p u t t i ng in t he wiring for t he new 200 light dynamo. Wells Hall has been thoroughly cleaned, painted and throughout. T he students' rooms in all t he papered dormitories are as good as new. F or t he first time in three years water began to r un from t he under drains in t he experimental plots during t he heavy rains of Christmas week. Prof. A. G. Gulley, '68, of Storrs Agricultural College, Conn., is on t he M. A. C. institute force this winter. He is on t he Alpena trip this week. officers of this M. A. C. Association are: President, C. L. Bemis,'74, Ionia; vice president, W. V. Sage, '84, Decatur; secretary and treasurer. D. J. Crosby, '93, Agricultural College. C. L. Bemis, '74, superintendent of Ionia schools, and Charles McKenney, '81, professor of history and English at Olivet College, are both men tioned by their friends as suitable candidates for Super intendent of Public Instruction. Prof. Vedder and Messrs. Pashby and Newell attended t he meeting of t he Michigan Engineering Society in Saginaw, Wednesday and Thursday. Prof. Vedder read a paper on " T he Mechanics of a Cream Separator." Among other M. A. C. men who were in attendance were F r a nk Hodgman, '62, secretary and treasurer of t he society; F r a nk F. Rogers. '83, who is a civil engineer in P o rt Huron, and is one of t he nominees for president of t he society, and A. J. Beese, with '94, m., a resident of Saginaw. supervision of t he horticultural work on Mr. Walker's other farm, in t he vieinity of Walkerville, Ont. Prof, and Mrs. Noble returned Tuesday evenirg from Wayland, la., where they have been visiting relatives and friends. It is reported t h at L. O'Neil, with '93, has purchased a in farm near Ada, Mich., and will engage extensively fruit raising, W. J. Goodenough, '95, m., is now in the employ of t he Cleveland Ship Building Company. H is address is 98 D u a ne street. W. A. Rider, 96, m., is d r a u g h t i ng for t he L e l a nd Faulconer Co., Detroit. D. S. Cole, 93, m., is with t he same A r m as designer. W. F. Ross, with '84, of Niles, Mich., has turned in ventor. He has b&en at t he college several times re cently, having some p a t t e r ns for a new wind engine Walter L. Hazen, '99, has entered t he employ of J a m es A. Adams & Co., shoe dealers, Saginaw, Michigan. His ability as a shoe salesman is well known to College people. Prof, and Mrs. Babcock and Prof. W. O. Hedrick made a holiday trip to Atlanta, stopping over a day at Chat- tonooga on their return. Prof. Hedrick then spent a week at M. A. C. Since t he fall term closed t he interior of College Hall rooms t he halls painted and papered has been entirely rejuvenated. All t he class have been papered, and t he chapel looks like new. F. L. Reynolds, with ''95, m., made a short holiday visit to Lansing and t he College. He is responsible for t he statement t h at a party of H o u g h t on mining school students returning from a surveying trip, upon being overtaken by an empty hearse, piled their instru ments into t he hearse and themselves got up outside and rode into town. M. A. C. was well represented at t he State Teachers' Association which was held at Lansing t he last week in December. Over sixty were in attendance, and of t h e se about forty-five met in t he parlors of t he Congregational c h u r ch on F r i d ay evening and enjoyed a good, old- fashioned love feast. The old and t he young were there from '74 t o ' 9 9, and so well did they enjoy each other's company t h at they made a permanent organization and elected officers to arrange for another meeting, a supper a nd other agreeable diversions for next winter. T he NEWS FROM GRADUATES AND FORMER S T U D E N T S. made. Will Anderson, with '96, m., has been doing t he work for him. H. R. Breck, with '93, is an insurance agent in Jackson, Mich. Geo. A. Farr, '70, has been appointed a regent of t he University. Guy Stewart,'95, is teaching at Onekema, near Pier- port, Mich. C. P. Close, '95, has obtained a position in t he Geneva, N. Y. experiment station. F r a nk Crosthwaite, with '73, is an attorney, 1320 F. St., N. W., Washington, D. C. J. T. Berry, '96, began work as assistant principal in t he Cass City schools last week.. A. C. Himebaugh, with '86, is Secretary of t he Shef field Cornplanter Mfg. Co., B u rr Oak. C. S. Whitmore, '87, is dealer in produce and agricul tural implements, Dimoudale, Mich. D. A. Seeley, '98, read a paper on "The Millenium" be fore t he Lansing Science Club Tuesday evening. O. H. Reed, '96, will probably remain in t he S t a te Board of Health office and not r e t u rn to College next term. . R. J. Coryell, '84, in a letter to Prof. Taft reviews t he work of a busy season on Pecbe Island. He is foreman of Hiram Walker's Peche Island farm and has general Guy Mitchell, with '94, is farming at Herndon, Va. He is especially remembered as t he first expert bicyclist who appeared at M. A. C. At t he organization of t he Political Science Club, of Lansing, last Monday evening, S. B. Young, '96, was elected one of t he two vice presidents. J. R. Sayler and Wahey Matsura, both '96 men, are in t he employ of Frazer & Chandler of Chicago, Sayler as a machinist and M a t s u ra as a draughtsman. Miss Alice Coats,'98, will make h er home with h er t he sister, Mrs. Prof. Davenport. Illinois Industrial University at Champaign, 111. S he h as entered E. D. Partridge, "96, after spending a couple of weeks with relatives in northern Ohio, and a few days with friends from Utah* at t he U. of M. is again at t he college. Perry G. Holden, '89, is Professor of N a t u r al Sciences in Benzonia College, besides running a farm and looking after t he interests of Benzie Co. schools as Commissioner. E. A- Burnett, '87, recently elected Professor of Agri culture, S. D. Agricultural College, will leave his farm at Bancroft and report for d u ty at Brookings next week. W. L. Snyder, '82, besides being chemist for t he Mich igan Carbon Works, has purchased t he hardware^busi ness of Chas. A. Bush, and will continue with it at 1119 Third Ave., Detroit. THE M. A. C. R E C O R D. JAKUARY 14, 1896. Si?. 73 3V 9T\. a. ©. %.Cor3. PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE EDITED BY T HE FACULTY. SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CKNTS F EB Y E A R. p E 8S ^F ROBERT S M I TH 4 C O ., '.AN8ING, M I C H. INTRODUCTORY. lifting T he Mteivigan Agricultural College recognizes t he importifJticeYOtf being in touch with the farmers of the It desires to S t a te infodiose interest it was organized. t he be aT^eadrbg factor in t he agriculture of t he State! to a higher plane of excellence. Through medium/ of t he Mechanical course it offers thorough training for those who have a taste for mechanical pur I ts efforts are centered in these objects. s u i t s. While through t he experiment station and t he farm er's institute the College can increase its usefulness, its main effort m u st be expended upon t he men it t u r ns out. the farm and its greatest influence must arise from the men it educates, who will make their impress Upon t he farms of t he S t a t e. recruits m u st largely come from I ts T he College equipment is ample to do t he best of work, and Michigan farmers with children to educate should understand the advantages it offers in giving an education t h at will be t he most helpful to them if they a re to engage in t he p u r s u it of agriculture. It is with the purpose before us of making t he ac quaintance of the College and t he farmers, t he College its a nd its graduates, the College and t he parents of present students, a more intimate and cordial one t h at t h is journal is started. T he good t h at will arise from , t h is closer relationship we believe will be reciprocal, a n d, on t he side of the College, we ask for your confi dence and kindly criticism. t he College, t he parents of We shall endeavor first of all to give the College news, a running account of w h at we are trying to accomplish with such results as will be interesting and instructive. t he medium of communication T h is paper will be t he s t u d e nt body at home between t he faculty and or at t he students and t he farming community generally. We shall expeet to m a ke this paper t he organ of t he alumni of t r* College, d-d t b r ? u gh th^ C^ioge apkit those who have gone out a nd enthusiasm among invite t he earnest cooperation of all from us. We o ur old students in this new enterprise and shall be grateful to receive communications from t he farmers of t he State t h at shall be helpful along t he lines of our endeavor. The entire management of the College, in cluding t he Board of Control and t he faculty are in hearty accord with regard to t he helpfulness of this new feature of our College life. it to ^ i r ^ in It shall be our aim to familiarize all whom we may t he details of College progress and bring reach with a b o ut a cordial feeling t h at will give pleasure while it emphasizes a plan of education in which there is a larger hope for t he occupations of t he farm. those who enjoy rural life and W i th this purpose in view"there is certainly a reason able excuse for our existence and there will be no lack • -" . • in the spirit to accomplish our aim. MARKETING F R U I T. [Read at the Mason County Institute, Ludington, J a n. 7, by T. C. Walker, of Wesley.] Choose such fruits only as will grow to perfection in this section of t he country. Train your trees so t h at the heads will be open and t he fruit will color evenly as it ripens. Thin all fruit trees so far t h at t he fruit will have plenty of room and the trees will not be overloaded. Proper thinning insures even size and at t he same time gives as many bushe's, if not more; moreover it saves time at picking when we most need it. It depends among other things how far The fruit should be just t he right color when picked. to pick to know It requires experience peaches. t he peaches are to be shipped. Better to go over the same tree three or four times and take each time only those peaches t h at are ready to ship than a t t e m pt to pick all t he peaches on the tree at one operation. just when nice looking fruit as it not only h u r ts you b ut it makes t he consumer suspicious of all fruit coming from your neighborhood. - When a farmer is loading potatoes or even corn for m a r k et he sorts out all small and inferior specimens and keeps these culls to feed his stock, b ut a good many fruit growers seem to think t h at fruit will sell no matter how it is jumbled into t he basket. T he sooner we get down to business in the packing of fruit, good fruit and nothing b ut good fruit, t he sooner we will get a reputation and a market. Another thing the fruit growers should look after is t he way fruit is handled and loaded on t he boats. A large number of t he peaches arrive in Milwaukee in baskets without handles. Peach and berry packages are packed so close and in such bulk t h at t he fruit is sure to sweat and when it is unloaded in Milwaukee or Chicago you can see the packages. the steam rise from If the weather is warm the fruit is sure to spoil and t he commission man is blamed for it or accused of mis .' representation. The county horticultural societies Bhould appoint this m a t t er when t he fruit . • - . . committees to look into season opens next summer. In the discussion following Mr. A pp. M. Smith of Ludington, said t h at he believed t h at Mr. Walker h ad struck the key note of t he situation, b ut fruit growers m u st not expect the advanced returns from first shipment of selected fruit. 1 he consumers m u st learn t h at a certain brand means good fruit before they will pay extra prices for it. It requires continuity of well doing to reap the reward. the PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. BY SECRETARY I. H. B U T T E R F I E L . D. The State Board of Agriculture held a meeting at t he college J a n u a ry 3. Lieut. Henry H. Bandholtz was t he choice for military instructor at t he college to succeed Lieut. Lewis whose detail expires in J u ne next. The detail of L i e ut Bandholtz will be asked of t he war de partment. from West Point Lieut. Bandholtz graduated in 1890 and is now Second Lieutenant of Co. C. 6th Infantry and stationed at Newport barracks, Kentucky, He is -* > r » n r y \ m ^ n o ^d a£ *^ C 'r >l _ ~ d i il cffiOCT,- T he war department at Washington will be requested to extend the detail of Lieut. Lewis to t he end of the school year, or August 15, so as to avoid a break in military work in the middle of t he summer term. Thorn Smith, '95, was appointed first assistant chem ist in t he experiment station to succeed H. E. Harrison, '88, resigned. M. L. Dean, of Napoleon, was appointed second assist a nt in horticulture to succeed U. P. Hedrick, '93. Mr. Dean has been on Hon. C. W. Garfield's farm for a year and comes highly recommended. Another important action of t he Board was t he adop following tion of the horticulture: President C. J. Monroe: report of t he professor of DEAR S I R — At a meeting of the State Board Agricul t u re last spring, I was requested to present a plan for t he ornamentation of t he school grounds in Michigan, by the-cooperation of the college and the teachers and pupils of t he public schools. T he success of a similar undertaking by t he State Horticultural Society in 1881 would indicate t h at much good can be done along this line. N ot only can we hope to improve the appearance of t he grounds, which are for the most part notoriously bare and unsightly, b ut it will aid in t he cultivation of a love for t he beauti ful and will tend to give the childern a knowledge of t he methods of planting and caring for trees, shrubs and plants. I would suggest t h at an endeavor be made to interest t he patrons and teachers of t he schools in the m a t t er by means of short articles and circulars sent to the news papers of the state, which they would be urged to pre sent to their readers; these could also be issued as a bulletin, together with suggestions as to the grading, making and caring for a lawn,-the planting of trees and shrubs, and t he making, planting and. caring for flower beds. , . ' Use only new, clean and tasty packages. T he neater t he package t he better it sells. T he package must be an honest one as to size. If it purports to be a fifth bushel it should contain a fifth of a bushel and not a less amount. There are all together too many different sized packages in use. W h en you p ut up a package of fruit p ut your name a nd address on it and guarantee t h at t he fruit is all alike and all up to standard. Do not scrape up t he culls and p ut them in the bottom and trim t he top with In this could be included an offer to send a collection of flower seeds to any school of which t he teacher would agree to plant and care for them and report t he results at t he end of t he season. We might also promise to send s h r u bs and vines in 1897 to t he schools t h at have by t he improvements in the school grounds and the care given to t he flowers shown a satisfactory Interest. W i th this step in mind we have saved seeds of such of t he common flowers as seemed desirable for t h is pur pose, b ut many of t he kinds t h at it will be desirable to distribute did not fruit freely. We have also a consider able n u m b er of small s h r u bs t h at have been grown by t he students, and have a large n u m b er of cuttings m a de for starting next year. . In addition to t he seeds we have on hand, it will be necessary to purchase perhaps fifty dollars worth, t he amount depending upon t he interest t h at is taken in t he matter and whether any limit is placed upon t he n u m ber of the collections t h at is sent to any county. I have been assured of the cooperation of the Depart ment of Public Instruction, and of t he Michigan School Moderator which goes into t he h a n ds of one-half of t he teachers of t he State. Respectfully submitted, L. R. T A F T. Prof. Taft was instructed to take steps to carry o ut t he plan as proposed and he would like to hear from school teachers on t he subject. F A R M E R S' I N S T I T U T E S. Fifty-one farmers' institutes are held this m o n th in t he S t a t e. These are all two day meetings, and at tended each by five or six workers sent by the Board of Agriculture. A long institute will be held at S o u th Haven, Feb. 3, 4, 5 and 6 . This is a fruit meeting almost entirely, and will be attended by Dr. Kedzie, Prof. Smith, Prof. Taft, Prof. Barrows and Prof. Wood worth of the College, and Roland Morrill of Benton Harbor. Each lecturer will lecture at t he same hour each day all four days, and will present consecutive topics. It will open The great meeting of t he year is t he round-up at Grand Rapids, Feb. 12. 13 and 14. t he evening of Tuesday, F e b. 11. Gov. Rich will make t he it is expected t h at ex-Governor opening address and L u ce will close t he sessions. At this meeting nearly all of t he lecturers who have been employed by t he Board during this winter will present a topic at those meet ings. Wednesday will be a fruit day, Thursday will be a general stock and dairy day, and Friday will be mis cellaneous and general crops. The evening sessions will be devoted to general lectures. F u ll program will appear later. Reduced rates at hotels have been se cured, and it is expected t h at t he railroads will make concessions. A special effort will be made to get as many representative farmers from t he different portions of the S t a te as possible, and to make it not only t he largest institute, b ut t he most enthusiastic and profit- P^B farmcrr gathering of the yoar. Michigan I n s t i t u t es for J a n u a ry a nd F e b r u a r y. " _. D A T E S. 15,16. F e b r u a ry 19, 20. COUNT V.. Alcona Allegan Alpena Antrim | W ry Bay Benzie Berrien B r a n c h. Calhoun Cass . .. Charlevoix - Chippewa _. Clinton Eaton E m m et Genesee Gratiot Hillsdale _-. H u r on _' I n g h am Ionia.__ Iosco Isabella Jackson Kalamazoo . Kent L a p e e r. 1 Lenawee . .. Livingston _ Macomb Manistee __: M a r q u e t t e. . Mason Midland Monroe Montcalm .. Muskegon __ N e w a y g o. _. Oakland Oceana Ogemaw . .. Saginaw Sanilac Shiawassee. St. C l a i r . . .. St. J o s e p h .- Tuscola Van Buren . Washtenaw. Wayne . . . .. . . . J a n u a ry 8, 9. . .. 16, 17. 21, 22. 13,14. 7,8. 16,17. 28, 29. 23, 24. 24, 25. 15,16. 10, 11. 21, 22. P L A C E. Harrisville F e n n v i l l e .. Alpena Mancelona Hastings Bay City Frankfort St. Joseph Cold w a t e r. Battle Creek C a s s o p o l i s . . . .. Charlevoix . . .. Sault Ste.Marie St. J o h ns Charlotte Harbor Springs J a n u a ry 13, 14. Grand B l a n c . .. 27, 28. ____ Alma 28, 30. Jonesville 29, 30. Bad Axe 21, 22. . Dansville 30, 31. Ionia i. 22, 25. Tawas C i t y . . .. 9, 10. Mt. Pleasant _. 30, 31. P a r ma _. 21, 22. Cooper 22,23. Grand Rapids . F e b. 12,13, 14, Round-up. Lapeer Adrian . .. H o w e ll Mt. C l e m e n s .. Bear L a ke Marquette Ludington Midland P e t e r s b u rg Stanton Muskegon F r e m o nt Pontiac H a rt ,.____ Rose City _____ Saginaw, E . S . Sanilac Centre Corunna P o rt Huron C e n t e r v i l l e. Caro . - ._ S o u th Haven _-Feb. 4,5, 6,7; long institute. Ypsilanti..— - . J a n u a ry 29,30. " < 28.29. Wayne__ J a n u a ry 24, 25. 22, 23. 30, 31. 24,25. 9,10. 8,9. 7,8. 14.15. 23, 24. 23, 24. 14, 15. 9,10, 27, 28. 13, 14. 10, 11. 15.16. 22, 23. 28, 29. 23,24. 27, 28. 16, 17. ._ _ j George Rosen, with 79, is employed in t he Post Office department at Washington, D. C: Together with W. H. Coffron,'82, he seeks recreation by playing in an ama ' ;;; t e ur orchestra. :< JANUARY 14, 1896. T HE M. A. C. R E C O R D. S P R I NG TERM ANNOUNCEMENTS. F a rm D e p a r t m e n t. BY P K O F. C. D. S M I T H. As t he agricultural sophomore looks over t he cata logue to note what he is to do next term he can hardly fail to dwell on t h at significant phrase " L a b or in farm d e p a r t m e nt except as in note." T he note tells him t h at of t he first six weeks of t he term he will spend one- t h i rd in t he blacksmith shop, one-third in t he tool room, and one-third in the Agricultural laboratory. The work in t he blacksmith shop is both interesting a nd valuable, and every-man in the class will thoroughly enjoy it. Last farm machinery, hence t he work in t he tool room will b e' omitted and the time occupied by other important matters. t he sophomores had practice term in Beginning at t he opening of t he term the class will keep posted on t he events occurring on t he college farm. They will study t he season's work as it progresses on t he farm as a whole, will know how each operation is performed, why it is done, and its relation to t he gen eral plan of the season's campaign. . In t he winter t he time of t he farmer is chiefly occupied in stock feeding. At t he College, therefore, it is the logical time to give practical instruction in this phase of farm work. Sections of t he class will feed in suc cession, cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry, and an insight into t he mystery of this most difficult and most import ant feature of farming operation will, be acquired. T he stable management of cattle and sheep will receive especial attention. At the same time other sections of the class will be studying t he vitality and other qualities of t he seeds to be sown in the spring. The different varieties of corn, oats, barley, and other farm crops will be provided, and each s t u d e nt will test them in exactly t he same way and with exactly the same simple apparatus t h at t he progressive farmer would use. The seed oats will be treated to kill smut, and t he different varieties compared. The clover seed will be purchased and carefully examined for foul seed, and its vitality and per cent of germination tested. The soils of t he different fields will next be studied and t he reasons for t he arrangements of t he crops for « - the year explained. From the opening of spring, through t he summer and fall, each student will care for some portion of eachcrop> will direct and be responsible for his definite share of each field, and his pay as far as practicable will be made contingent on t he skill and success with which he does ' his share of the work. . It is unnecessary here to go into t he details of the scheme. I ts success will depend in great measure on t he enthusiasm we are able to arouse in t he young men themselves. We hope for much. H o r t i c u l t u r al D e p a r t m e n t. BY P R O F. L. R. T A F T. The agricultural seniors who elect horticulture during t he spring term will be given lectures embracing such flori topics as greenhouse construction, commercial culture, parasitic diseases of plants, injurious insects and remedies, irrigation, fertilizers for t he orchard and garden and their use, with such other horticultural topics as may seem of general interest to the class. Laboratory work will be required of seniors electing horticulture, b ut t he lines t h at are taken up will depend largely upon t he wishes of t he individual students. The agricultural juniors will receive instruction in term. T he horticulture each day during the spring subjects t a u g ht will be plant propagation, t he construc tion and care of greenhouses and o t h e r g l a ss structures, floriculture, and kitchen and market gardening. T he instruction will be almost entirely by lectures, b ut students will be required to provide themselves with a reference book in vegetable gardening, and frequent references will be given to various books in t he library. The afternoon work will be for t he most part in t he nature of laboratory exercises along the same lines as have been treated in t he morning in t he class room. Particular attention will be given to practice work in grafting and t he making of cuttings, t he other methods of propagating plants being taken up at t he proper time d u r i ng t he summer; t he class will be required to give considerable time to studying the various methods of building and heating greenhouses, including t he draw ing of plans, arranging t he heating apparatus and pre paring specifications for t he materials required in con structing t he houses; t h e re will also be practice work in t he various operations connected with t he growing of flowers and vegetables under glass. "As t he season advances the class will be assigned to such work as pruning, transplanting, spraying, and plant ing t he various garden crops. Except when occupied with work t h at is purely edu cational in its character, each s t u d e nt will be assigned to t he care of some crop, or will be placed in charge of some experiment. If this does not require all of his time he will assist some one else, with his work and t h us obtain experience in other lines. During t he last six weeks of t he spring term t he fresh men who are assigned to this department will be used in t he routine work upon t he gardens and grounds or in the orchards. This work will all be paid for. DEATH OF PROFESSOR INGERSOLL. Prof. Chae. L. Ingersoll, 74, died at the home of his brother, Dr. L. F. Ingersoll, Grand Junction, Col., Dec. 8, 1895, after a lingering illness caused by creeping paralysis. To those of us who knew him he needs no word of commendation nor of reference to the perfect character denoted by t he term " christian gentleman." Of the graduates from M. A. C. who have taken high position as educators in the field of agricultural science, none stood above him. At the age of 18 he. enlisted from Commerce, Oakland Co., as private in t he 9th Mich, cavalry, March 7, 1863, and was mustered o ut J u ly 21, 1865. His regiment took part in t he battles of Burnside's advance in E a st Ten nessee, leading up, to the Gettysburg campaign, and it was a part of General Sherman's army in its march towards t he sea. At the close of the war Mr. Ingersoll married and was farmer and teacher for a few years, when he then entered M. A. C. in 1872 and graduated with t he class of 1874, being considered one of the best scholars in t h at class. Immediately on graduation he was.appointed foreman of t he farm under Prof. Gulley, whom he suc ceeded as professor of agriculture and superintendent of t he farm a year later. In 1879 he accepted a similar position at increased salary at P u r d ue University, Ind., and from there went to Colorado in 1881 as director of t he experiment sta tion, professor of agriculture, and for a time was also President of t h at College. In 1890 he was called to Nebraska State University at Lincoln, as dean of the Industrial College and director of t he experiment station. Here t he disease which finally caused his death seized him while in the midst of his active work during t he summer of 1895. . E. C. McKee, '81, will read a paper on " Education for t he F a r m e r" at t he Clinton Co- F a r m e r s' I n s t i t u te J a n. 21. J ay Sessions, '74, of Maple Rapids will read a paper on " L i t t le T h i n g s" at t he same institute. Recent advices from Australia gives information of t he birth of a son at the home of E. M. Shelton, '71, at Bris bane. Mr. Shelton's oldest son, F r a n k, is now a student in Kansas Ag'l College. Mrs. Shelton (Miss Sessions, with '71) has five daughters to assist her in t he cares of the household. T HE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE Is t he P l a ce to O b t a in a S u b s t a n t i al E d u c a t i on at a M o d e r a te E x p e n s e. It offers a course in agriculture which comprises all subjects in agriculture and borticult ure, English lan guage and literature, botany, chemistry, zoology.-veter- inary science, physical science and political economy. • Also a mechanical course, comprising t he general work in mathematics, language, etc., with special train ing in mechanics and electricity. In both courses 6tudy is- supplemented by practical application, in manual labor, of the principles t a u g ht in t he class room. Each department is well equipped with all necessary appliances for study, investigation, and labor. There are eight laboratories, twenty-six professors and instruc tors, a farm fully equipped with modern machinery, improved breeds of for mechanical work. live stock, complete shops T he F a rm D e p a r t m e n t. The College farm consists of 676 acres of which 350 acres are under systematic cultivation, 80 acres in cam pus, 40 acres in gardens and fruit, and t he remainder in pasture aiid woodland. The woodland is used to illustrate t he methods of preservation of virgin forests in t he S t a t e. T he main part of t he farm is devoted to ordinary farm crops, to illustrate the better methods of farm manage ment. Forty acres are devoted to experiment work. On t he farm are four stock barns, one grain barn, piggery, h e n h o u s e, tool barn, and a barn U9ed exclu sively for experimental feeding. Two large and three small silos supply storage room for about thirty acres of corn. In t he stock barns are representative animals of t he Typical leading breeds of cattle, sheep, and swine. specimens of t he best strains of t he leading breeds a re kept for illustration to t he classes of students. Some of the animals are worthy of special notice as they a re prize takers or are making records closely approaching the best ever made. T he breeds of cattle represented are Shorthorn, Hol- stein, Jersey, Hereford, Guernsey, Brown Swiss, and Aberdeen Angus. The breeds of sheep are Shropshire, Hampshire, Oxford, Dorset-horned Lincoln, Cots wold, Leicester, and various types of Merino. Among t he breeds of Swine we have Duroc Jerseys, Essex and Poland* China. At the poultry house will be found selected specimens of the leading breeds of chickens. Experiments in stock feeding are in progress during the greater part of t he year, especially in t he winter, with dairy cows, pigs, and sheep. In t he basement of t he agricultural laboratory are in b u t t er the dairy rooms, equipped for instruction making, with Babcock testers, separators, creamers, cream va's, churns, b u t t er workers, and other apparatus needed t he manufacture of butter. An electric motor furnishes t he power. in H o r t i c u l t u r al D e p a r t m e n t. T he horticultural building contains offices, class room, laboratory, seed room, tool room, and other rooms for repairing tools, grafting fruit and vegetables and prepar ing them for market. T h e e q u i p m e nt for class room illus. tration is very complete in t he way of models, charts, and drawings, together with a large assortment of t he various hand tools, apparatus, and supplies used by t he gardener and florist. The department is also well supplied with green houses of approved construction, where may be found j not only various interesting forms of tropical plants, many of which are of economic value, b ut t he more common plants of t he florist, including such as are used I for cut flowers, decoration, and out door planting, be sides such vegetables as are commonly grown u n d er glass. In the class room t he elementary principles of horti culture are taught, and lectures are given upon t he best methods of growing and handling the various crops; while t he students are required by t he labor system of the college to p ut this instruction into practice. The Zoological L a b o r a t o ry consists of a lecture room for eighty students, rooms for anatomical study and histological work, and a pri vate study containing a good zoological In connection with t he laboratory is t he large McMillan collection, which, with specimens added at t he Col insect lege and by exchanges,.forms one of t he finest cabinets of t he West. library. In t he general museum will be found skeletons and preserved specimens of typical mammals and birds from all parts of t he world, reptiles, batrachians; t he fauna of Michigan is specially well represented; a large col lection of shells, native and exotic; a collection of invertebrates from t he Smithsonian institution; three collections of insects, a faunal, a scientific, and an eco nomic; a manikin, skeletons of man and of t he lower animals; alcoholic and microscopic preparations of ani- m ar organs and tissues; fossils from all t he groups of rocks; ip litho"logic geology; and a small b ut growing collection in ethnography. rock specimens t he divisions illustrating . In t he B o t a n i c al D e p a r t m e nt the agricultural students are t a u g ht by specimens in h a nd t he names and uses of the different parts of plants; the names of different plants and their relationships, especially those useful or detrimental in agriculture and horticulture; t he minute anatomy of plants as seen by using compound microscopes; t he physiology of plants; t he botany of trees and s h r u bs for horticulture, landscape gardening, and forestry; grasses and weeds of the farm and garden; fungi injurious to farm, garden and orchard crops. T he mechanical s t u d e n ts are t a u g ht t he s t r u c t u re of woods and their adaptation for certain purposes. In t he botanical laboratory is a fire proof room for 50,000 plants in dust proof cases; 200 or more kinds of grasses and weeds of full size sewn to cardboard; and tight cases for 100 large drawers of seeds of grasses, clovers, weeds, and other economic plants; a workroom; a storeroom containing our choice of t he Michigan for estry exhibit at Chicago; four rooms for laboratory work with simple and compound microscopes, other apparatus, duplicate books of illustration, costly maps, charts, lantern views; large n u m b e rs of photographs illustrating t he agriculture and forestry of Michigan, California, Jamaica, for experiment station work, containing 1,500 kinds of seeds, and other apparatus to aid in identifying a nd testing seeds, etc. T he students are much assisted by India, Singapore; one room 4 THE M. A. C. RECORD. JANUARY" 14, 1896. an excellent grass garden, weed garden, botanic garden, arboretum, and a model forest. - - their rooms, excepting works of reference and bound volumes of t he leading serial publications. T he Chemical L a b o r a t o ry front was erected at a cost of $18,000. T he south is two stories, and is 40x70 feet, ground space. T he upper story contains a lecture room with 150 seats, t he s t u dy for t he professors of chemistry, and two work rooms. T he first floor contains a room and fixtures for quantitative analysis, a balance room with fourteen chemical and two assay balances, evaporating hoods, cases for apparatus, etc. Connected with this is t he qualitative analytical room with twelve tables and working room for forty-eight s t u d e n t s, provided with Bonn self-ventilating hoods a nd furnished with water and gas for each student. B e n e a th this room on t he first floor is t he experiment station chemical laboratory and assay room, with com plete fixtures for mineral assays. T he V e t e r i n a ry course of study embraces three terms in t he senior year, t he a u t u mn term being devoted to anatomy, while t he spring and summer terms are given up to the study of m a t e r ia medica, a nd t he accidents a nd diseases which affect domestic animals. Provision is now being made for t he study of bacteriology with to its application to t he contagious diseases of domestic ani mals. Operations are also performed before t he class at convenient seasons. reference Connected with t he library is a reading room supplied with over two h u n d r ed of t he leading English a nd American periodicals. P h y s i c al L a b o r a t o r y. T he department is well equipped with suitable appa industrial light, mechanics a nd ratus to practically applications of heat, sound, electricity. illustrate t he modern T he instruction is given by lectures illustrated by experiments. T he work in t he class room is supplemented by labor atory work. T he exercises are largely taken from t he dairy, farm and shop. Special attention is given to working illustrations and explanations of such subjects as physics of soils, of fuels, cream separators, ice ma chines, hydraulic rams, condensation of milk, and h e at motors; also t he construction and management of dyna mos, lights, electro platers, electric heatere, telephones, telegraphs, motors, and storage batteries. electric The aim of t he course is to prepare young men in such a practical way t h at they can be relied upon to build or operate t he apparatus used in mechanical, elec trical, and agricultural engineering. Mechanical Course. The aim of vthe instruction in Mechanical Engineering is to give t he student a. thorough training in t he ele- marking corn ground, h ay making, harvesting, etc., judging and handling all kinds of live stock including poultry; dairy practice, care and handling of milk, making of butter. On t he gardens great attention is paid to t he methods by which plants a re propagated, and each s t u d e nt is required to perform t he work of sowiDg seeds, grafting, budding, layering, and making cuttings of various kinds, and is t a u g ht methods of pruning and training. Nearly all of t he labor of t he department is done by s t u d e n t s, and t h us they obtain practical insight into the methods employed by horticulturists. How to E n t er t he College. By an act passed by t he last legislature t he Superin tendent of P u b l ic Instruction is required to send twice in each year to t he County Commissioners of Schools, questions for candidates for entrance to this College. Those who intend entering t he College can take t he examination at t he regular teachers' examinations, which is held in each county, and t h us be sure of t h e ir entrance before coming here. At t he College, examina tions are held at t he beginning of each term. T he next entrance examination at t he College will be held Tues day, F e b r u a ry 25, 1896. T he subjects embraced in t he examination are arithmetic, geography, grammar, read ing, spelling, penmanship, and U. S. history. S t u d e n ts entering t he mechanical course will be examined in algebra to quadratic equations in addition to t he studieB F r ee H a nd D r a w i n g. In all science schools drawing is freely used in such studies as botany, entomology, zoology, etc. It is con sidered t he best possible training for t he observation. Technicalities a re avoided as m u ch as possible. It is aimed to develop t he observing power of the eye and a feeling for form, and to train t he hand to represent in a certain measure in outline and light and shade what t he eye sees. T he plan is to advance t he s t u d e nt as rapidly as consistent with thoroughness, and as m u ch attention is given to individual instruction as t he lim ited time and t he large n u m b er of students will allow. T he requirements a re 120 hours of class room work, b ut in this time m u st be done a specified number of drawings of a standard satisfactory to t he instructor. T he L i b r a ry thousand volumes. Besides contains over eighteen a full collection of works on history and general literature, it is well supplied with scientific and techni cal works, a nd with t he journals of agriculture and allied arts. E a ch of t he departments of instruction is equipped with a serviceable collection of books of reference. C u r r e nt publications recording t he results of investiga tions in t he sciences and useful a r ts are being constantly added. Liberal appropriations have been made by t he legislature for t he maintenance and extension of t he collection. S t u d e n ts have access to t he library eleven hours daily, a nd they a re permitted to draw books for reading in V E T E R I N A RY L A B O R A T O RY A ND BARNS. mentary work—both chosen profession. theoretical and practical—of h is In this course particular emphasis is placed upon t he work in mathematics, study of t he theoretical principles underlying the sciences of machines and mechanics, and the practical construction of machines. S t u d e n ts in t he mechanical course have laboratory practice of various kinds. v% Among t he more important subjects are steam engine, steam boilers, valve gears, machine design, strength of materials, kinematics, thermodynamics. Instruction is given in t he testing of steam engines, boilers, pumps, and materials, also in t he measurement of power, calibration of instruments, etc., etc. The shop work is supplemented by a course of lec tures on shop methods, and during t he senior year a course of lectures is given on engineering practice. T he student is also required to. study English literature and modern languages. S t u d e nt L a b or System. All students taking t he agricultural course are re quired to devote twelve and one-half hours per week to manual labor on t he farm or garden. All kinds of labor are performed by t he students, under t he supervision of competent instructors. S t u d e n ts receive pay for labor t h at is of value to t he College. On t he farm, student labor is devoted partly to t he study of t he details of farm operations, such as repair ing tools, construction and operation of farm machinery, carpenter shop work, fence building, plowing, harrowing, given above. Candidates for admission to College m u st bring references as to character, and should be not less t h an .fifteen years of age. A ny young man over eighteen years of age will be conditionally admitted to College without examination. Persons holding third grade certificates as teachers, or who are graduates from high schools, are admitted to College without taking entrance examination. T he Spring term opens on Monday, F e b. 24, 1896, and t he next College year begins Monday, A u g. 24. For catalogues or further information write S E C R E T A R Y, Agricultural College, Mich. TO NEW STUDENTS AND OTHERS Who Visit t he College—What to do w h en you A r r i ve in L a n s i n g. T a ke t he MICHIGAN AVENUE car for t he College. At t he H A R R I S ON H O U SE j u st o u t s i de t he g r o u n ds you can get comfortable rooms, and meals at regular h o u ra If you arrive in Lansing late at night stop at t he VAN D Y NE H O U S E, 411 W a s h i n g t on Ave. S. T he proprietor, Mr. Renner, is an old resident of t he College and will cheerfully answer questions. T r u n ks will be b r o u g ht o ut by t he COLLEGE B u s, which leaves t he postofiice in Lansing at 10:30 a. m. and 4:30 p. m. each week day. Leave checks at t he Secre ,.. tary's office a nd your baggage will be attended to. W h en you arrive on t he grounds go to t he PRESIDENT'S O F F I CE for information.