ffie  %.  g.  ©.  Record 

V O L.  6. 

L A N S I N G,  M I C H I G A N,  T U E S D A Y,  J A N.  8,  1901. 

N o.  16. 

Culture  and  Utility  in  the  College 
Curriculum. 

BY  H O W A RD  E D W A R D S. 

[Paper 

read  before  College  Section,  State 
Teachers' Association,  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan, 
Dec. 27,1900.] 

the  utilitarian 

F or  many  years  colleges  such  as 
that  with  which  I  am  connected 
have  borne  the  sobriquet  of  "  Bread 
and  Butter  Colleges,"  because  they 
are  based  on  utilitarian  ideas.  Her 
bert  Spencer  and  Alexander  Bain 
have  had  vials  of  wrath  poured  out 
upon  them  for 
ten 
dency  of  their  thought.  M a t t h ew 
Arnold  laments  that  the  "  university 
of  Mr.  Ezra  Cornell,  a  really  noble 
monument  of  his  munificence,  yet 
seems  to  rest  on  a  misconception  of 
what  culture  truly  is,  and  to  be  cal 
culated  to  produce  miners  or  engi 
neers  or  architects,  not  sweetness 
and  light."  Compayre,  in  his  his 
tory  of  Pedagogy,  commands 
that 
no  man  shall  dare  to  cause  literary 
culture  and 
to 
industrial 
dwell  under  the  same  roof  !  A nd 
our  new  Professor  P a y n e,  who  suc 
ceeds  Dr.  Hinsdale  of  revered  mem 
the  same  book, 
ory,  in  a  note  in 
states,  not 
studies 
may  not  be 
the  most  direct  way 
to  attain  large  and  rounded  culture, 
but  that  "  T he  utilitarian  aim  and 
the  culture  aim  are  in  some  sort  an 
tagonistic." 

that  utilitarian 

training 

from 

in  a 

T he  scientist, 

too,  he  who  has 
had  to  fight  with  might  and  main 
to  gain  recognition 
the  de 
votees  of  culture,  no  sooner  attains  a 
place  in  the  charmed  circle  than  he 
turns  with  disdain  upon  the  very  re 
tainers  who  have  won  his  battle  for 
him  and  begins  to  envelop  himself 
with  the  sanctity  of  exclusiveness. 
Professor  Bessey, 
in  a  somewhat 
recent  address, deplores  the  fact  that 
the  graduates  of  schools  like  ours 
are  called  Bachelors  of  Science,  and 
Professor  Carhart 
lengthy 
paper  clears  his  skirts  of  "  the  gross 
libel  that  the  claims  most  strongly 
urged  in  advocacy  of  the  cultivation 
of  science  are  narrowly  utilitarian  or 
Even  Presi 
intensely  practical." 
from 
dent  Eliot,  generally  so  free 
takes 
trammels  of  precedent, 
the 
pains, in  urging  the  claims  of  French 
and  German  to  a  place  in  a  liberal 
education, 
this  claim 
"  rests,  not  on 
the  usefulness  of 
these  languages  to  couriers,  tourists, 
travelers, -=- but  on 
or  commercial 
the  unquestionable  fact  that  facility 
is  ab 
in  reading 
solutely  indispensable 
to  a  scholar 
whatever  may  be  his  department  of 
study"—in  other  words,  that  of  two 
utilitarian  ends  identical 
in  degree, 
one  is commendable  because  it  serves 
the  scholar,  the  other  not  commend 
able  because  it  serves  the  common 
man. 

languages 

to  say 

these 

that 

All 

that 
this  and  much  more 
might  be  cited  goes  to  show 
that 
there  is  a  strong  antagonism  to  any 
thing  in  the  college  curriculum  that, 
whatever  may  be  its  ultimate  end, 
looks  directly  toward  the  earning  of 
money. 

T HE  Q U E S T I ON  AT 

I S S U E. 

N ow  the  question  that  I  ask  is, 
Is 
founded? 
this  antagonism  well 
Is  it  true  that  culture  and  utility 
cannot  dwell  under  the  same  roof  ? 
true  that,  as  it  was  recently 
Is  it 

this 

phrased 
in  my  hearing,  commer 
cialism  has  no  place  in  a  college 
curriculum? 
last  phrase 
If 
the 
means  anything,  it  means  that 
great  mass  of  bread-winners  cannot 
attain  culture  at  all,  so  far  as  the 
college  is concerned.  Yet  Matthew 
Arnold  said,  and  said  truly,  " A nd 
the  poor  require  it  (culture)  as  well 
as  the  rich,  and  at  present  their  edu 
cation,  even  when 
they  get  educa 
tion,  gives  them  hardly  anything  of 
it."  And  then  he  significantly  adds, 
" Y et  hardly  less  of  it, perhaps,  than 
the  education  of  the  rich  gives  to 
the  rich." 

faculties. 

interchangeable 

Elsewhere,  I  have  said:  Looked 
at  in  a  large  way,  which,  indeed,  is 
always  the  true  way,  culture  and 
utility  are 
terms. 
It  is  simply  a  question  of  what  part 
of  the  man's  nature  you  are  dealing 
with.  T he  utility 
that  gives  skill 
the  daily 
of  hand  and  brain  to  earn 
bread  is  culture  of  hand  and  brain 
in  those  particular 
He 
whose  wants  are  satisfied  by  ability 
to  earn  a  living, who  has  no  ideas  or 
aspirations  beyond  the  dollar  that  he 
makes,  regards  what,  in  his  narrow 
vision,  contributes 
to  his  dollar-
earning  power  as  utilitarian,  all  else 
as  cultural,  which  to  him  is  synony 
mous  with  useless.  T he  man  of 
somewhat  broader  view  desires  not 
only  to  earn  but  also  to  be  a  good 
citizen.  At  once  the  range  of  util 
ity  to  his  mind  enlarges,  and  history 
become  of  great 
and  economics 
utility  to  him.  T he  man  of  noble 
mold,  he  who  knows  himself 
a 
many-sided  creature  and  desires  to 
develop  in  himself  the  largest  meas 
true  manhood—this  man 
ure  of 
knows  no  difference  between  cul 
ture 
for  whatever 
strengthens  his  powers  or  widens 
his  view  is  useful,  and  that  is  culture 
is, 
too.  W i th  him 
" H ow  can  I  manage  to  carry  my 
training  f u r t h e r ?"  not  " H ow  little 
can  I  take  in  and  succeed?"  Of 
two  things  I  am 
thoroughly  per 
suaded—first  that  the  student  is  not 
wise  enough 
to  solve  for  himself 
that  greatest  of  educational  prob 
lems—the  making  of  a  curriculum, 
and,  secondly,  that  no .curriculum 
is 
worthy  of  the  name  which  does  not 
consider  and  provide  for  more 
than 
one  side  of  man's  nature. 

the  question 

and  utility; 

D E F I N I T I ON  OF  C U L T U R E. 

and 

it  applies 

This  I  am  prepared  to  stand  by, 
but 
in  one  direction  as 
well  as  the  other.  There  is  a  close 
similarity  of  thought  and  of  purpose 
the 
the  utilitarian 
between 
humanist 
I 
in  education.  Should 
take  Mr.  Arnold's  definition  of  cul 
ture,  "  K n o w i ng 
the  best  that  has 
been  thought  and  said  in  the  world," 
or  that  of  Mr.  Symonds,  "  Self— 
effectuation—the  individual  attempts 
to  arrive  at  his  real  self,"  or  still 
again,  "  T he  ability  formulated  into 
the  habit  of  looking  at  all  things  in 
their  universe  connections"—any  of 
these  definitions  of  culture  will  fit  in 
closely  with 
idea. 
To  no  man  do  I  yield  in  devotion 
to  true  culture.  N or  do  I  assume 
the  earnest  humanistic 
that  any  of 
thinkers  would  confound 
culture 
with  that  "  which  plumes  itself  on 
a  smattering  of  Greek  and  Latin; 
which  is  valued  out  of  sheer  vanity 
and  ignorance  or  else  as  an  engine 

the  utilitarian 

of  social  and  class  distinction,  sepa 
rating  its  holder  like  a  badge  or  title 
from  other  people  who  have  not  got 
it."  N o,  I  know  well  that  the  hos 
tility  of  the  humanist  to  utilitarian 
ism  in  college  thought  and  work  is 
due  largely  to  the  fact 
that  he  so 
sincerely  desires  that  life  should  be 
large  and  rounded  and  free;  that  he 
so  earnestly  deprecates  sordidness 
and  narrowness  as  integral  parts  of 
R training  for  life. 

U T I L I T A R I A N I SM  AS  A  P H I E O S O P HY 

OF  E D U C A T I O N. 

is 

to  education 

I  have  shown 

Granting  full  credit  for  this  hon 
esty  and  disinterestedness  of  purpose, 
I  think  there  still  remains  a  serious 
and  profound  mistake  in  the  attitude 
toward  utilitarian 
of  the  humanist 
the  agree 
studies. 
the  two  schools,  let 
ment  between 
Into 
me  point  out  the  differences. 
utilitarianism  as  a  code  of  ethics  we 
need  not  enter,  but  as  a  philosophy 
it  seems  unattackable. 
of  education 
Applied 
it  demands 
such  acquisition  of  knowledge,  such 
training  of  all  the  faculties  of  mind 
and  body  as  will  fit  the  whole  man 
It  establishes  no  aristocracy 
for  life. 
of  certain  faculties. 
In  its  operation 
limited  by  environment  or 
it 
necessity,  and  while  not  at  any  time 
unmindful  of  any  part  or  phase  of 
man's  nature,  it  is  flexible,  and  gives 
foremost  place 
to  such  part  as  a 
wise  judgment  would  deem  of  fore 
most  necessity.  T he  difference  be 
tween  the  two  schools  just  here  is 
that  the  humanist  is  constantly  say-
!ng  " Is  this  study  cultural? 
If  so> 
I  will  pursue  it. 
If  not  I  will  care 
I  must  see  to  it  that 
fully  avoid  it. 
my  mind  is  protected  from  the  pol 
lution  of 
thought 
and  training."  He  seeks  culture  as 
of  value  in  and  of  itself.  On 
the 
regards 
other  hand,  the  utilitarian 
all  processes  and  results  of  educa 
tion,  true  culture  included,  as  simply 
means  to  an  end.  He  exalts  a  sub 
ject  or  minimizes 
it  on  no  other 
to 
criterion 
contribute  to  the  end  in  view—self-
effectuation,  as  limited  by  environ 
ment.  His  question  all  through  the 
is,  " W h at  is 
process  of  education 
to  make 
necessary  and  attainable 
this  man  all  that  he  can  be? 

than  that  of  its  power 

bread-winning 

to 

has 

however 

for 
end, 

the  past,  is  no 

recognize  explicitly 

N ow  I  am  perfectly  aware 

the  humanist; 
an  ulterior 

that 
no  humanist  will  consistently  apply 
I  have  drawn 
the  distinction  that 
In  order  to  do  so, he  would 
above. 
have 
that 
education  is  a  matter  for  the  favored 
few,  and  this,  while  freely  admitted 
longer  tenable. 
in 
the  distinction  must 
Nevertheless, 
inconsistently 
be 
true 
if 
treated  by 
culture 
if 
culture  is  valued  because  it  makes  a 
better  citizen  or  a  happier  man, 
then 
says  at  once, 
"  W hy  draw  a  limitation  on  your 
principle?  W hy  c o n t e mn 
and 
taboo  all  c l e a r ly  bread-winning 
studies?  W hy  not  include  all 
that 
makes  a  better  citizen  or  a  happier 
to  do  and 
man? 
the  other  u n d o n e . '" 
not 
To  the  utilitarian,  the  end  of 
life  is 
service,  and  there  can  be  no  nobility 
of  thought  or  of  life  which  does  not 
have 
in  view. 
On  that  service  it  makes  no  limita 
is  the  spirit  with  which 
tion. 

' T h is  ought  ye 
leave 

the  end  of  service 

the  utilitarian 

to 

It 

the  service 
nobles,  not 
given 
high  and  holy  as  another. 

is  performed 
that  en 
the  service  itself;  and 
the  spirit,  one  service  is  as 

T he  second  point  of  difference 
between  the  humanist  and  the  utili 
tarian  is  that  the  latter  rigidly  ap 
plies  the  doctrine  of  " t he  greatest 
good  to  the  greatest  number."  He 
is  democratic  and 
inclusive,  while 
the  otber  is  aristocratic  and  exclu 
sive.  T he  utilitarian  sorts  his  ma 
terial  according  to  fitness  for  various 
ends  and  adapts  his  processes  to  the 
end  in  view;  the  humanist  measures, 
all  with  one  rod  and 
stamps  as 
" t r a s h"  the  great  number  who  do 
not  come  up  to  his  standard  in  one 
rigidly  fixed  dimension;  in  fact,  he 
knows  no  other  dimension. 
T he 
former,  considering 
the  necessities 
of  the  great  mass,  seeks  to  provide 
for 
those  necessities  by  combining 
bread-winning  training  with  cultural 
training,  and  he  does  this  both  by 
pursuing 
subjects 
through  cultural  methods,  and  by 
introducing  properly  selected  purely 
cultural  subjects.  T he  latter  spurns 
the  man  who  for  any  cause  what 
ever  cannot  forsake  all  to  attain  cul 
ture.  T he  first  maintains  that  in  a 
degree 
reached 
culture  may  be 
through  any  worthy  subject  worth 
the  second  contends 
ily  pursued; 
that  culture 
to  certain 
is  confined 
subjects  pursued  in  a  fixed  and  unal 
terable  way. 

utilitarian 

the 

T he  full  and  explicit  statement  of 
the  utilitarian  position  would  seem 
of  itself 
to  demonstrate  its  correct 
ness;  and  therefore  I  have  taken  up 
much  space  in  its  exposition.  But 
in 
there  are  certain  considerations 
part  already  alluded 
to  which  need 
further  emphasis. 

D I S C I P L I N A RY  T R A I N I NG  M U ST  BE 

A D A P T ED  TO  L I FE  P U R P O S E, 

training  of 

I.  It  is  urged  that  a  four  years' 
training  should 
course  of  general 
precede  the  bread-winning 
training 
on  account  of  its  disciplinary  value, 
two  should  be  kept 
and  that  the 
entirely  distinct.  We  contend 
that 
there  is  no  such  thing  as  a  general 
course  to  fit  men  to  undertake  any 
problems  or  careers  whatever.  Says 
Dr.  Hanus,  "Development  of  power 
cannot  be  dissociated  from  subject-
matter."  F or  instance,  there  is  in 
deed,  a  general 
the 
faculty  of  attention;  but  there  is,  I 
confidently  affirm,  no  general 
train 
ing  for  the  power  of  acute  and  dis 
criminating  observation. 
Broadly 
stated, each  field  of  observation  must 
be  cultivated  for  itself.  T he  ear  of 
to  observe  and 
the  savage,  trained 
interpret  the  minutest  note  of 
the 
wild  woods,  is  confused  by  the  roar 
of  the  city,  and  fails  to  distinguish 
sounds  that  the  civilized  man  readily 
recognizes.  T he 
literary  man  ob 
serves  as  acutely  and  persistently  as 
does  the  scientest,  but  neither  notes 
what 
to  the  other  is  through  long 
habit  automatically  perceived.  T he 
first  thing  necessary  in  the  matter  of 
training  is  to  know  what  you  will 
make  of  your  man.  T he  first  duty 
of  teacher  and  pupil  is  to  find  out  as 
early  as  may  be  the  capabilities  of 
the  earlier 
the 
in  ac 
years  of 
quiring 
individual 
and  social  life  of  any  kind  which  we 
(Continued  on  second  page.) 

life  are  employed 
tools  for 

student.  Happily 

those 

2 

T HE  M.  A.  C. 

R E C O R D. 

J A N.  8,  1901. 

THE  M.  A.  C. RECORD. 

PUBLISHED  WEEKLY  BY  T HE 
MIGfllGAN  AGRICULTURAL  GOLLEGE. 

E D I T ED  BY  T HE 

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ASSISTED  BY  T HE  STUDENTS. 

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For various reasons THE  M. A. C. RECORD IS 
occasionally  sent  to  those  who  have  not  sub 
scribed for the paper.  Such persons need have 
no hesitation  about taking the  paper from  the 
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The only way,  however, to secure THE  RECORD 
regularly is  to subscribe. 

I  hope  that  no  one  will  forget  the 
meeting  on  next  Friday  evening  at 
7  p.  m.  in  the  chapel,  to  organize  a 
debating  society.  T he  idea  has  been 
received  quite  enthusiastically  by 
some  of  our  best  and  must  earnest 
I  am  hoping  great 
students,  and 
If 
things  from 
students  and  members  of  the  faculty 
can  be  induced  to  take  interest  in 
debating  vital  questions  of  general 
importance,  I  am  sure  that  no  work 
will  count  for  more  good  to  all. 

it  in  many  ways. 

It  was  a  great  disappointment 
to 
me  not  to  be  able  to  be  present  at 
the  reunion 
in  Grand  Rapids.  A 
little  after  5  p.  m.  on  Thursday 
afternoon,  Dec.  27,  I  received  an 
urgent  telegram  calling  me  home  on 
account  of  sickness  in  my  family. 
I  left  a  hasty  note  of  regret,  and 
that 
train. 
took  the  5:30 
the  meeting  was  an  enjoyable  one, 
and  I  have  every  reason  to  believe 
that  it  was  so.  These  occasions  are 
of  great 
importance, 
and  should  be  carefully  arranged  for 
beforehand,  now  that  the  S.  T.  A. 
no  longer  meets  in  Lansing. 

interest  and 

I  hope 

course 

the 
insert 

T he  paper  on  " C u l t u re  and  Util 
in  the  College  C o u r s e"  is  too 
ity 
I  so 
long  for  our  columns;  but 
earnestly  desired 
that  our  people 
should  think  over  the  whole  matter 
and  especially  should  consider  more 
closely,  and  plan  more  wisely  for, 
that 
the  unity  of 
I 
to 
determined 
it.  We  are 
for  the  same  general 
all  working 
end—preparation 
liv 
for  complete 
ing.  Each  part  of  the  course  has  a 
definite  purpose  and  we  can  and 
should  each  heartily  sympathize  in 
the  work  of  the  other.  T h e re  are 
two  dangers  for  us—one  that  certain 
features  should  be  magnified  beyond 
measure  to  the  partial  or  entire  neg 
lect  of  others;  the  other  that  in 
the 
to  compass  many  phases  of 
effort 
life  work  the  course  should  become 
inadequate 
scrappy,  superficial,  and 
to  any  purpose.  As  I  have  said  in 
the  paper,  the  college  course  for  the 
man  or  woman  of  action  has  not  yet 
been  constructed; 
say, 
neither  we  nor  others  .have  yet  at 
tained 
to  the  ideal  course  for  such 
people;  but  we  are  pressing  " f o r 
ward 
the 
prize."  W i th  all  its  defects  (and  it 
has  many)  it  still  seems  to  me  that 
literary  college 
the 
the  courses  of 
are  more  closely  adapted  to  the  pur 
to 
poses  they  serve  than  are  ours 
our  purposes. 
in 
I  may  say  that 
my  opinion  this  is  especially  true  of 
Let  us  all 
our  women's  course. 
strive  with  earnest,  catholic  thought 
and  honesty  of  purpose  to  develop 
toward  a  closer  realization  of 
the 
ideal. 

the  mark 

toward 

that 

for 

to 

is 

in 

in 

culture 

in  connection  with 

they  will  earnestly  ponder 
in  this  paper? 

May  I  ask,  also,  of  our  students 
the 
that 
questions  raised 
It 
was  intended  mainly  as  a  defense  of 
the  worth  and  dignity  of  our  courses 
as  college  w o r k;  but  for  us  as  stu 
dents  in  these  courses  the  important 
the 
question 
paper 
these 
is,  A re  we  pursuing 
courses  in  the  spirit  here  set  forth? 
the  culture  side 
J  have  emphasized 
two 
of  our  work  as  existent 
in 
the  method 
phases:  ( 1) 
and 
our  directly  utilitarian 
spirit  of 
the  pursuit  of 
studies,  and  ( 2) 
But, 
studies. 
avowedly 
after  all,  it  rests  with  the  student 
take  the  narrow, 
whether  he  will 
sordid  attitude 
the  course 
toward 
and 
interest  himself  only  in  that  of 
which  he  thinks  he  sees  the  direct 
use,  or  himself 
taking  a  broad, 
rounded  view  of  life  and  its  signifi 
the  wisdom 
cance,  and  trusting 
of 
the 
those  who  have  builded 
courses, he  will  zealously  and  eager 
ly  work 
the  attainment  of  a 
rounded  manhood.  He  must  not 
be  guided  in  the  pursuit  of  such  an 
ideal  by  the  question  of  whether  a 
study  is  hard  or  easy,  or  whether 
he  has  a  taste  for  a  given  study 
already  developed.  He  is  here  for 
this  development,  and  within 
just 
certain  well-defined 
still 
remains 
true,  and  will  always  re 
true,  that  these  studies  which 
main 
for  him  are  hardest  are  just  the  ones 
he  most  needs. 

limits 

for 

to 

it 

class 

force 

learned 

truth  ?  On 

all  cultured  men  seclude  themselves 
to  seek  ultimate 
the 
other  hand,  do  those  who  pursue  the 
usual  general  culture  course  develop 
a  larger  degree  of  disinterestedness 
If  we 
than  the  mass  of  mankind  ? 
take  from 
the 
the 
the  gospel,  who  are 
ministers  of 
controlled  by  another 
than 
culture,  do  we  find  among  the  sci 
entists,  the  philosophers,  the  literati, 
the  lawyers,  physicians,  politicians, 
teachers, a larger amount  of  brotherly 
kindness,  less  of  self-seeking,  more 
of  devotion  to  humanity,  than  among 
the  inventors,  the  merchant  princes, 
the  obscure  brain  and  hand  workers 
in  shop  and  farm  and  trade  ?  By 
no  means.  T he  fact  in  the  matter 
is  that  men  are  variously  constituted ; 
they  find  their  pleasure  in  various 
kinds  of  work,  and  as  a  rule  they 
the  work  for  which  they  are 
find 
especially 
to 
other  work  and  they  would  not  only 
fail. 
be  unhappy  but 
T he  scientist  would  make  a  dismal 
failure  as  a  merchant; 
the  architect 
would  never  succeed  as  a  statesman. 
W h at  culture  does  for  them  all  is  to 
their 
increase  power,  to  show  them 
work  in  a  truer  setting,  to  throw  a 
stronger 
in  all  its 
relations.  T h e re  is no  peculiar  virtue 
in  culture  to  change  a  man's  nature 
or  capabilities,  but  a  bastard  culture 
has  frequently  made  a  poor  divine 
out  of  a  good  carpenter. 

fitted.  Transfer 

they  would 

light  upon 

them 

life 

H O W A RD  E D W A R D S. 

U T I L I TY  E S S E N T I AL  TO  T R UE 

C U L T U R E. 

Culture  and  Utility. 

to 

then 

(Continued from first page.) 
call  an  elementary  education,  and  it 
is  during  this  period  that  the  deter 
fitness 
mination  of  aptitude  and 
should  and  does  take  place. 
the 
If 
student  is  fitted  to  be  a  thinker,  is  to 
follow  any  of  the  traditional  learned 
the  .  traditional 
professions, 
humanistic  curriculum,  modified  as 
it  has  been  by  modern  thought  and 
the 
achievement,  yet  still  open 
reproach  of  wastefulness 
time 
and  effort,  is  for  him  eminently  use 
ful  and  indeed  well  nigh 
indispens-
If,  on  the  other  hand  the  stu 
ible. 
dent  is  to  be  a  man  of  action 
in  the 
commoner  acceptation  of  the  term, 
the  curriculum  for  him  is  yet  largely 
to  be  constructed  by  the  slow  evolu 
tion  of  catholic  pedagogic  thought. 
Certain  it  is  that  the  present  human 
istic 
training  does  not  meet  his 
needs.  What  for  this  man  is  needed 
is  the  close  adaptation  between  train 
ing  and  the  end  in  view  that  already 
largely  exists  in  the  case  of  the  man 
of  purely  literary  pursuits. 

in 

D I S I N T E R E S T E D N E SS  NOT  N E C E S 

S A R I LY  C H A R A C T E R I S T IC  OF 

C U L T U R E. 

II.  Much  has  been  made  of 

the 
idea  that  the  work  of  the  scholar  is 
disinterested;  that  the  world  owes  a 
great  debt  of  gratitude  to  this  w o r k; 
and  that  culture-training  is the  neces 
sary  prerequisite.  President  Eliot, 
in  one  of  his  addresses,  draws  a  fine 
picture  of 
specialist, 
the  scientific 
who  cares  not  for  money  nor  for  the 
It  is  the 
applause  of  the  multitude. 
there  are 
that 
glory  of  humanity 
such  men.  All  honor  to  those  who 
serve  God  and  their  fellow  man  by 
supreme  and  absolute  devotion 
to 
abstract  truth!  But  all  honor,  too, 
to  the  men  who  serve  God  and  their 
fellow  men  where 
the  hammers 
beat  and  the  engines  throb!  Must 
all  men  who  desire  culture 
follow 
the  life  of  the  philosopher  ?  Would 
it  not  be  a  calamity  to  mankind,  did 

in  art 

I I I.  T he  utilitarian  aim  is essential 
to  the  healthfulness  of  cultural  train 
It  does  not do  for  culture  to  get 
ing. 
the  saving  grace 
too  far  away  from 
it  soon  becomes  fini 
of  utility;  for 
cal,  pompous,  and 
self-contempla 
luxurious,  aristocratic,  and 
tive,  or 
Pharisaical. 
little  gods 
It  sets  up 
made  by  its  own  hands,  and  falls 
in  groveling 
down  before 
them 
adoration.  T h e re 
is  a  bigotry  of 
culture  as  well  as  of  religion,  and 
many  are  the  martyrs  in  science,  in 
that  it  has 
literature,  and 
crucified.  W as  not  Henry  George 
abused  and  vilified  and  spit  upon  by 
the  enlightenment  and  culture  of 
this  very  age  because  he  dared 
to 
the  armchair  economics  of 
attack 
the 
the  day?  T h at  culture  needs 
ballast  of  utility  is  shown  by 
the 
whole  history  of  education.  Presi 
dent  T h w i n g, 
in  a  recent  article 
exalting  general  culture,  identifies  it 
with  " t he  Latin  Humanitas  or  the 
Greek  Paideia."  N o w,  whatever 
ideal  pedagogical  doctrine  may  be 
drawn 
from  Plato  and  Socrates 
and  Aristotle,  the  fact  remains  that 
the  actual  Greek  Paideia,  divorced 
as  it  was  from  utility,  implied,  from 
to  eighteen  years  of  age 
sixteen 
aesthetic 
a 
harmony 
luxu 
rious,  and  made  possible  only  by  the 
presence  and  ministration  of 
an 
enormous  body  of  slaves.  T he  " to 
kalon  k ' a g a t h o n"  even  of  the  best  of 
the  Greeks  was  very  far  from 
the 
"plain  living  and  high  t h i n k i n g"  of 
modern  Emersonian  culture.  T he 
teaching  of  Socrates  himself  was 
frequently  carried  on  within 
the 
precincts  of  the  gymnasia,  an  insti 
tution  far  from  ideal  in  its  tenden 
cies  and  debasing  in  its  associations. 

toward  mere 
largely  sensual  and 

training 

lesson 
edu 
from  R o m an 
T he 
is  still  plainer.  Originally 
cation 
to  produce  warriors  and 
intended 
it  gradually  fell  under 
statesmen, 
Greek  influence,  and  became  the  pur 
suit  of  the  " H u m a n i t as  "  that  Presi 
that 
dent  T h w i ng  speaks  of,  and 
the 
thus  describes:  " As 
Momsen 

result  of 

this  modern 
aggregate 
Roman  education,  there  sprang  up 
the  idea  of 
' Humanity,'  as  it  was 
called,  which  consisted  partly  of  a 
more  or  less superficial  appropriation 
of  the  aesthetic  culture  of  the  Hel 
lenes,  partly  of  a  privileged  Latin 
culture  as  an  imitation  or  mutilated 
copy  of  the  Greek.  This  new  hu 
manity,  as  the  name  indicates,  re 
nounced  the  specific  peculiarities  of 
R o m an  life;  nay, even  came  forward 
in  opposition  to  them,  and  combined 
in  itself,  just  like  our  closely  kin 
dred  ' general  culture,'  a  nationally 
cosmopolitan  and  socially  exclusive 
character.  Here,  too,  we  trace  the 
revolution  which  separated  classes 
and  leveled  nations." 

in 

for 

During 

the  bow 

the  other 

the  use  of 

the  middle  ages 

training, 
for 
one 

there 
the 
two  kinds  of 
were 
eminently  practical 
the 
warrior,  consisting  of  riding,  hunt 
ing, 
and 
of  other  arms,  chess-playing  and 
the 
verse  making; 
clericus  or  clerk,  (divine,  statesman, 
lawyer,  what  you  will  that  followed 
literary  pursuits)  and 
it  again 
from  utility,  be 
culture,  divorced 
fantastic, 
came  notoriously  petty, 
trifling. 
It  was,  however,  during 
these  long  years  that  the  Latin  lan 
guage,  as  the  great  and  the  only  in 
strument  of  learned  record  and  in 
tercourse,  fastened  itself  firmly  upon 
culture  and  became 
the  utilitarian 
gateway  to  all  that  the  human  mind 
produced. 
On 

somber  world 
dawned  the great  light  of  the  Renais 
sance,  and  with  it  came  in  England 
the 
learning.  Men's 
minds  became  young  again,  and  they 
once  more  rejoiced  in  harmony  and 
Learning" 
beauty. 
ministered  to  this  hunger  for  beauty 
and  was  exalted  to  the  skies.  Soon 
it  became  a  cult,  and  the  product 
was  again  social  and  class  exclusive-
ness. 

this  weary, 

revival 

" N ew 

T he 

of 

T he  American  was 

too  busy 
conquering  physical  and  political 
conditions  to construct  an  educational 
system  of  his  own,  and  so,  notwith 
differences 
the  profound 
standing 
pervading  our  whole  social  structure, 
transferred 
the  English  college  was 
it  is  this 
almost  bodily  to  us;  and 
incubus  of  hoarv  tradition 
that  has 
made  the  building  of  a  college  cur 
riculum,  not  a  matter  of  wise  adapta 
tion  of  means  to  definite  ends,  but  a 
slow  and  grudging  modification, 
brought  about  by 
the  compelling 
force  of  modern  pi ogress  and  mod 
ern  conditions.  As  life  has  widened 
and  become  more  insistent, the  older 
exclusive  culture  has  been 
thrust 
aside  by  a  newer,  more  catholic 
form. 

T HE  T R A D I T I O N AL  C O L L E GE 

IS 

I T S E LF  U T I L I T A R I A N. 

I V.  T he  traditional 

literary  col 

it 

the  men 

today  because 

lege  survives 
is 
itself  largely  utilitarian.  T he  modi 
fication  of  which  I  have  just  spoken 
has  always  been  toward  utility  and 
has  been  brought  about  by  utilitarian 
the 
forces, 
that  attend 
literary  college  expect  to  enter 
life 
through  one  of  the  so-called  learned 
professions;  and  they  go  to  the  lit 
these 
erary  college  because 
professions  need  just  the  knowledge 
and  the  training 
the  study  of 
the  languages,  ancient  and  modern, 
gives.  T h ey  need  other  things,  it  is 
true,  but  they  need  these  studies  pre 
eminently.  W h at  better  preparation 
could 
these 
literary  colleges  give  ?  T h ey  get 
the  culture,  it  is  true,  but  they  get 
utility. 
through 
the 

they  find, 

culture 

today 

then, 

than 

that 

the 

J A N.  H,  1901. 

T HE  M.  A.  C 

R E C O R D .. 

3 

W h y,  then,  should  the  literary  col 
lege  vaunt  and  plume  itself  on  its 
culture  phase,  and  ignoring-  its  own 
utilitarianism,  scorn  us  for  this  fea 
ture,  declaring  it  as  impossible  to 
unite  culture  with  our  utility  as to 
serve  God and  mammon  ?  Is  there 
any  cultural  difference  between  the 
dollar  that  our  engineer  earns  and 
the  dollar  that  their  teacher  earns ? 
T h ey  combine pedagogy  with  chem 
istry,  and  rightly,  too.  I  am  glad 
in  the  right 
to  see  them  moving 
direction.  But 
they  condemn  us 
for  combining  thermcdynamics  with 
literature,  and  this,  I  say, is  wrong. 

SUMMARY. 

toward 

To  sum u p:  It  is not the  subjects 
primarily 
It  is 
that  give  culture. 
rather  the  treatment  and  attitude of 
mind 
the  subjects.  A ny 
subject  that  is  worthy  of  the  name 
can  be  made  highly  cultural,  and it 
cannot  become  in the highest  degree 
utilitarian  until  it  has  become  cul 
tural.  He w ho in  teaching  his sub 
ject  forgets  or  ignores  its  culture 
value  is not  worthy  of  his subject  or 
his  students.  On the other  hand, no 
subject  can  be  really  cultural  with 
out  possessing  the  truest  utilitarian 
value. 

insisting  upon 

Let  me  close  with  a  quotation 
-which  will,  I  think,  apply  equally  to 
both  sides  and  may teach  the  value 
of  culture  in 
that 
catholicity  of  thought  which  should 
characterize  us  in  all  educational 
matters.  " Specialists,  unless 
they 
be  creative  geniuses  of  the  most 
marked  type, require  to be armed  by 
culture  against  narrow-mindedness 
and  the conceit  of  thinking  that  their 
own  concerns  are all-important.  A 
man  of moderate  ability,  who  cannot 
see  beyond  the world  of  beetles, be 
yond 
studio,  beyond 
the  church  or  chapel,  beyond  the 
concert-room,  beyond  the  grammar 
of  an  extinct  language,  or  some one 
period  of  history, is apt to  be  intoler 
able.  Culture  teaches him  his modest 
place  in the whole  scheme. 

the  painter's 

J a n,  7, 1901. 

M.  A.  C.  R E C O R D:  —  T he  offices 
of 
the  director,  agriculturist  and 
clerk  of  the experiment  station  were 
moved  last  Saturday  from  the  Agri 
to  the  new 
cultural  Laboratory 
Dairy  Building,  second  floor,  north 
In  recognition  of  this 
west  corner. 
event  Director  Smith,  Professor 
T o w ar  and Miss  Kellum  issued  invi 
faculty  and 
tations 
employees  of  the  College  and E x 
to  a 
periment  Station 
"  house  w a r m i n g" 
in  the  Dairy 
Building,  Saturday  night,  January 
5th  from  7:30 to  11  o'clock. 

generally 

to  all 

the 

J a n u a ry  4,  1901. 

and  Faculty  of 

To  the  President 
M.  A.  C: 
T he  new  offices  of  the  director, 
agriculturist  and  stenographer  of 
the  experiment  station,  in  the new 
dairy  building,  are  now  ready  for 
occupancy.  We  want  the  faculty 
time  dead'icating 
to  give  us a  live\y 
them,  Saturday  evening,  next,  from 
7:30  to  11 o'clock.  i 

If  you have  an appetite  for  drink, 

sharpen  it  for  buttermilk. 

T h e re  will  be  innocent  amuse 
ments  for  the  young,  games  and 
conversation  for 
the  middle-aged, 
and  dancing  for the  old. 

If  you  have  a  swallow-tail  coat, 

don't  wear  it. 

If  you  have  a  pair  of  dancing 
pumps,  bring  them  along  for  some 
one  to  borrow. 

Cordially, 

C.  D'.  S M I T H, 

At  the appointed  hour  some  eighty 
members  of  the faculty  and teaching 
force  signified 
their  acceptance  of 
the 
invitation  by  appearing  at  the 
Dairy  building  ready  to  go  through 
the  program  offered.  After  inspect 
ing  the  building,  which  is  fast  a p 
proaching  completion,  and  will  be 
ready  for  the  special  courses 
this 
week,  the  company  gathered  in the 
offices  and class rooms  on the second 
floor,  ready  for  the fun  of  the  even 
ing. 

Games  of  various  kinds  were  pro 
vided  in the several  offices  for  those 
w ho  wanted  this  mental  stimulant, 
while  in  the  large  class-room  there 
was  good  music  for  those  w ho cared 
to  indulge  in  square  dances. 

T he  real  object  of  the  gathering 
was  to encourage  a  better  social  life 
among  the  teachers  at  the  College. 
It  had  been  a  long  time  since  the 
entire  faculty  had met at a social  gath 
ering.  T he new building  seemed  to 
offer  especial  facilities  for  entertain 
ing  the  faculty,  and  advantage  was 
taken  of  this  fact  at  the time  of  the 
dedication  of  the new offices. 

T he  following  program  was  " r e n 

dered  ? " 

1.  " T a ke  off your  things  and get  warm." 
2.  Make  yourself  acquainted  with  every 

one  whom  you do not know. 

3.  Make  yourself  acquainted  with  your 

self. 

4.  Play  some  game,  or  talk  with  some 

one  of the  opposite sex. 

5.  Visit  the punch  bowl. 
6.  Dance if  you  feel  like it. 
7.  Absorb  refreshments  with  whom  you 
choose.  Watch  the  table  and  notice  the 
cake  walk. 

8.  Diluted  mental  food. 
9.  Last  car  leaves  for  Lansing  at  eleven 

o'clock. 

Good-night—come  again. 
It  goes  without  saying  that  every 

body  present  had a  good 

time. 

F.  T.  Williams,  '98, is  anxious  to 
re-enlist  in  the  army  and  serve  in 
the  Philippines. 

VISITING  CARDS.... 

Latest  Styles—Lowest  Prices 

LAWRENCE  &  VAN BUREN 
PRINTING  CO'S. 

FULL  MEASURE AND 
GOOD  GRADES. 

TflE  RIKERD  LUMBER 6 0. 
CALL  AND  SEE THEM. 

$25.00 

T he  m a in  item  in  Stoves  is  to 
get  t he  best  for  t he  least  m o n e y. 
We  h a ve  t he nicest  assortment  ever 
in  t he  city.  Steel  R a n g es  $18.00 
to  $40.00;  Cast  Cook  Stoves  w i th 
Reservoir  $16.00  to  $25.00;  Base 
Burner  Coal  Stoves 
to 
$40.00;  Soft  Coal  A i r - T i g ht  Stoves 
$12.00  to  $18.00;  A i r - T i g ht  W o od 
Stoves  $5.00  to  $9.00;  Nice  Oil 
Heaters  $3.25  to  $4.00.  Everyone 
of  t h em  fully  guaranteed.  A  nice 
line  of  Pocket  Cutlery  Razors. 
Shears,  in  fact  a n y t h i ng  needed  in 
t he  H a r d w a re  Line  y ou  will  find  it 
a nd  at  prices  to  suit  y o u, at 

Director. 

NORTON'S  HARDWARE, 

An  E x p l a n a t i o n. 

Once  I wrote a  masterpiece, 
(  Or so at  least  I  tho't), 
The  editor  refused  it  flat, 
And  called  it awful  rot. 

SIMONS  DRY GOODS 6 0. 

Opening 
September  Sale* 

Of 

t he  NEW  FALL 

STYLES  in 

D R E SS  GOODS, 

SILKS,  GLOVES, 

JACKETS,  SKIRTS, 

WAISTS  and 

UNDERWEAR. 

But  once again  when  I'd  dashed off 

A line  or two of  truck, 

The  editor  accepted  it 

And  blessed  his star  of luck. 
And  that's  the reason  I write  truck 

Instead  of  masterpieces, 

The  editor  accepts it 

And  thus  my wealth  increases. 

Our  Carpet 
Department.  • . 

offers  special 
ments in 

induce 

RUGS, MATTING, 
CURTAINS, etc. 

WE  GIVE  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  TO 
STUDENTS  AT M. A. C. 

Simons Dry  Goods Go. 

104  Washington  Ave. South. 

Furniture  Headquarters. 

C O f l P L E TE  LINE  OF  FURNITURE  FOR  S T U D E N T S'  ROOMS 

Woven  Wire  Springs  at 
Woven  W i re  Cots  at 
Mattresses  at 
Chairs  at 
A rm  Chairs  at 
S t u d e n ts  Tables  at 

$1.50,  52.00 a nd $2.50 
$1.50,  $2.00 a nd $2.50 
$1.75,  $2.00,  $2.50  up 
50c,  60c, 75c  up 
$1.50,  $1.75,  $2.00 up 
$1.50,  $1.75,  $2.00 

fl.  J. & B. H. Buck. 

WE  ARE IN  POSITION 

TO  SAVE  YOU  MONEY  ON 

Overcoats 

And  at the same  time  give  you a  gar 
ment  unsurpassed  for  Fine  Tailoring 
and  Correct  Styles. 

Elgin  Hifflin. 

Tie  Melba  Shoe 

is  a  stylish  high-grade 
F or  women, 
boot  designed 
swell 
dressers  and  ladies  w ho  wear  up-to-
date  footwear. 

especially 

for 

Made  in  light,  heavy  and  medium 
soles,  narrow,  medium  and  wide  toes 
—all 
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IW  Best  shoes  on  earth  at  t he  price. 

C.  D. WOODBURY,  \ 

HOLLISTER  BLOCK. 

w'v<.rwwi*n.i'sa/www 

4 

Former  Students  and Graduates. 

Born  to Charles  Johnson,  '99, and 

Marie  Belliss Johnson,  '99, a boy. 

George  Campbell,  '98, of  Maple 
Rapids,  was  married  on  Wednes 
day,  Dec.  26,' 1900,  to  Miss  Alice 
L.  Skinner  of  St. J o h n s,  Mich. 

C.  H.  Hilton,  '00, and  Miss  Mar 
garet  R o we  were  married  on  Tues 
day,  J a n.  1,  1901,  and  will  be  at 
home  at  206 Capitol  avenue  south, 
Lansing,  Mich., after  Jan.  10.  T he 
best  wishes  of  the  " R E C O R D"  go 
with  these  two couples. 

At 

the 
the  recent  meeting  of 
Indiana  State  Horticultural  Society 
held  at  Indianapolis,  Prof.  James 
Troop,  '78,  of  Purdue  University, 
Lafayette,  was elected  secretary  for 
the  sixth  time. 

H.  Arnold  W h i t e,  '92,  is  at  M-
A.  C.  enjoying  a 
little  vacation 
from  his life  insurance  business.  He 
has  not  revisited  the  College  since 
'93  and  says  he  feels  like  another 
wakening  R ip  V an  Winkle. 

the  editorial 

the  " R E C O R D ," 

L.  C.  Smith,  with  '99, of  Gay-
that  he  is 
lord,  Michigan,  writes 
compli 
enjoying 
ments 
department, 
remarking  that  it  adds  "a  personal 
ity  to  the  sheet 
that  was  always 
l a c k i n g ;"  and  adds:  "I  hope  your 
debating  society  will  be  organized, 
for  I  think  it will  take a  place  in the 
development  of  the student  that  has 
never  been  filled  to  any  extent  by 
the  literary  societies." 

in  attendance  at 

Royal  Fisher,  '95, superintendent 
of  schools  at  Hart,  Michigan,  was 
also 
the  State 
Teachers'  Ass'n. 
" R o y"  is  the 
same  breezy  personality  as  of  old, 
and  has the same  enthusiasm  for his 
work  that  he  showed  as  a  student. 
He  is now  also  engaged  in  the  fur 
niture  and  undertaking  business  in 
Hart. 
" R o y"  doesn't  yet  like  to 
that  game  of  ball  he 
talk  about 
pitched  for  the  Normal  against  M. 
A.  C.  while  he was a  student  in the 
former  institution. 

V. J.  Willey,  '93, has been  work 
ing  for  the  past  t wo  years  in  the 
literary  department  of 
the  Uni 
versity,  and is now  applying  for the 
degree  of  A. M.  M r. Willey  talked 
entertainingly  of  the work  done  at 
the  College  as  compared  with  the 
work  done  at  the  University, and 
complimented  sonle of  our men very 
highly.  He  is  still  loyal  to  M.  A. 
C., but  thinks  the agricultural  course 
should  be  made  a  five-year  course 
for  a  degree.  He  attended 
the 
State  Teachers'Association  at Grand 
Rapids. 

A  very  happv  affair  in  connection 

with  the  State  Teachers'  Conven 
tion  held  two  weeks  ago  in  Grand 
Rapids  was  the  alumni  meeting  of 
such  of  the  M.  A.  C.  students  as 
happened  to be in  attendance  at the 
convention.  After  discussing  a very 
good  dinner  with  Landlord  Johnson 
of  the  Eagle,  the  old  boys  repaired 
to  the  parlors  where  after  a  pleasant 
hour  or  two  spent  in  reminiscent 
stories  and  happy  chat,  E.  P.  Clark, 
'83,  of  Benton  Harbor  was  elected 
president  and  R.  S.  Campbell  of 
P o rt  Huron,  secretary  for  the  en 
suing  year. 

It  was decided  that  a  more  deter 
mined  effort  be  made  to  bring  the 
alumni 
times 
together  at  different 
and  the  secretary  was instructed  to 
urge  a  more  complete  attendance, 
and  inspire a feeling  of  good  fellow 
ship  and  fraternity  by  writing  to 
the  old  boys  before  the  next  meet 

T HE  M.  A.  C.  R E C O R D. 

J A N.  8, 1901-

schools 

ing  of  the State  Teachers'  Conven 
tion,  which  will  be  held  in  Grand 
It  is  the  practice  of  the 
Rapids. 
denominational 
such  as 
Olivet, Albion  and  Hillsdale to  have 
these  alumni  meetings  at  least  once 
a  year  and  M. A.  C.  ought  to  keep 
abreast  of  the times  in  this  respect. 
T he  old  students  in  the  business 
strife  of  life  in  the  outside  world 
too  often  forget 
their  alma  mater 
and  these  meetings  must  always  be 
productive  of  good 
renewing 
the  ties  of  college  life. 

in 

A m o ng  those  present  were  Chas. 
L.  Bemis,  ' 7 6;  W.  V-  Sage,  'S4; 
Lewis  B.  Hall  and  wife,  ' 8 2; Jas. 
E.  C o u l t e r , ' 8 2;  Alice  W e ed  ( M r s. 
J.  E.  Coulter),  ' 8 2;  E.  H.  W a r d, 
'90;  H . A r n o ld  White,  ' 9 2;  R.  TV 
Campbell,  ' 9 3;  V.  J.  Wiley,  ' 9 3; 
L.  C.  Brooks,  ' 9 3; and  Bertha  E. 
Malone,  1900. 

H. A.  W. 

A b o ut  t he  C a m p u s. 

Mrs.  Howard  Edwards,  who  has 
for  some  time  been  in failing  health, 
left  Saturday  morning  for her  home 
in  Virginia.  She took  with  her her 
son  Bland  and  her  little  daughter 
Mildred.  Dr. Edwards  accompanied 
her  as far  as  Toledo. 

Battalion  attention  !  T he  officers 
of  the  battalion  will  report  at 4 : 00 
p.  m.,  Company  A  at  5:00  p.  m. 
Wednesday, January  9.  Company 
C  at  5:00 p. m.  Thursday, J a n. 10. 
By  order  of  Maj.  C.  H.  Vernou, 
Commandant  of  Cadets. 

Victor  Brown,  w ho  graduated  at 
the  university 
last  J u ne  and  has 
since  been  engaged  in  editing  and 
distributing  campaign  literature  for 
one of the State  Central  Committees, 
has  been  engaged  to take  the  work 
of  A.  T.  Cartland,  resigned. 

that 

took 

Prof.  C.  D.  Smith's  paper  on 
" T he  Rural  H i gh  School,"  at  the 
State  Teachers'  Association  aroused 
much  discussion.  He 
the 
ground 
schools 
rural 
should  be  placed  near  the  center  of 
townships,  should  be  supported  by 
the  township,  and  should  lay  great 
emphasis  on  rural  matters—espec 
ially  nature-study,  but  must  not  be 
made  a  school  for  making  farmers. 

high 

T he  following  is  taken  from  the 

State  Republican  of January  4: 

T he 

through 

residence  of  Dr.  Howard 
Edwards,  Professor  of  English  Lit 
erature  at  M. A.  C,  caught  fire  at 
7:30  this  morning  from  a  defective 
Just  after  breakfast  D r. 
chimney. 
Edwards'  son  Bland  was  sent  up 
stairs  on  an  errand,  and  seeing  the 
flames  breaking 
the  wall, 
gave  the  alarm.  T he  College  fire 
department,  consisting  of  students, 
who 
take  fire  drills  in  place  of  a 
military  course, responded  promptly, 
and 
the 
in 
succeeded 
flames  after  a  hard 
It  was 
necessary  to  drench  the  house  with 
water  because  of  the  headway  of 
the  fire  between 
the  walls.  T he 
damage  will  reach  several  hundred 
dollars.  Dr. Edwards'  loss of  house 
hold  effects  is  covered  by  insurance. 
N o ne  of  the  state  buildings  are in 
sured. 

subduing 
fight. 

We  Welcome 

THE  STUDEMTS'  RETURN  AT THE M.  A. C. 

It  gives  new  life  to  t he  Capital  City.  We  cordially  invite  all  to  m a ke 
their  home  at  our  store.  M r. H o m er  Burton  and  M r.  A r t h ur  H a rt  will 
make  daily  trips  to  every  one  w ho desires  to  see  them  on  the  M.  A.  C. 
If  you are not called  upon  drop  us a  postal 
grounds  or  in  the  vicinity. 
and  we  will  call.  Samples  sent  on  app?'cation. 

We  Guarantee  Satisfaction. 

Visit 

Donsereaux's Department Store. 

and the  Donsereaux  Glottiina  and Grocery  Store. 

312  to  320 Washington  Ave. South. 

One door  south  of  Hotel  D o w n e y. 

CHAS.  A.  PIELLA  .  . 
JEWELER  AND OPTICIAN. 

DIAMONDS,  WATCHES,  JEWELRY,  CLOCKS, 
SILVERWARE,  ART  GOODS. 

Repairing  Nneatly  Done. 

i 2i  W a s h i n g t on  A v e.  N .,  L a n s i n g,  Mich. 

ALL  MEATS 

May  look  alike  to  you,  but  there  is  & 

very  great  difference  in the quality  we  han 
dle  and  that  sold  by  some  other  markets. 
We  handle  none  but  the  very  best.  L i ke 
the  pudding,  the  proof  of good  meats  is  in 
the  eating.  A  trial  will  convince  you  that 
you  ought  to  trade  with  u s. 

We  make  daily  trips  to  the  College. 
BOTH  P H O N E S.  Careful  attention  given  lo. 

'phone  orders. 

GOTTLIEB 

REUTTER. 

Washington  Ave.  South. 

DIRECTORY  I J.  &  B.  M.  BUCK.—Furniture.  Cor.  Wash 
O RDER  your  hacks  for  parties  at  Carr's  Hack 

LANSING BUSINESS and 
PROFESSIONAL MEN 

ington  Avenue  and Ionia  Street.  See ad. 

Line.  Livery  in connection.  410  Washington 

HACK  AND  BAGGAGE 

LINES. 

4fc 

FURNITURE 

DEALERS. 

Ave. N. 

The  names  in  this  Directory,  as  well  as 
those  of all  our other  advertisers,  are of  reli 
able  parties.  We  hope  that  the  faculty  and 
students  will  take  pains  to  patronize  those 
who  patronize  us. 

ARCHITECTS. 

W JUDD  CUMINGS—Architect.  Sparta,  Mich. 

Rural  architecture  a specialty.  Patronage of 

M. A. C. men  solicited. 

BARBERS. 

H.  WOOD—Barber.  106 Michigan  Avenue  E. 
College  work  especially  solicited. 

J 

BOOKS  AND 

STATIONERY. 

CITY  BOOK  STORE.  Fountain  Pens,  Drafting 

Tools,  Stationery,  Cards  Engraved,  Pictures 
and  Picture  Framing-,  Tennis, Football  and Base 
ball goods.  Crotty  Bros., 206 Wash.  Ave. N. 

T  ANSING  BOOK  AND P A P ER  CO.  Water-
iv  man and  Sterling  Fountain  Pens,  Stationery, 
Pictures.  Frames,  Wall  Paper.  120 Wash.  Ave. N. 

BICYCLES 

AND  ELECTRICAL 

SUPPLIES. 

c 

APITOL  ELECTRIC  CO. 

BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

/•>  D.  WOODBURY.—Boots  and  Shoes.  We 
\s 

shoe the students.  See ad. 

CLOTHING. 

Hats  and Caps.  112 Washington  Ave.  North. 

LOUIS  BECK.—Clothier.  Gents'  Furnishings, 
H KOSITCHEK  &  BRO.—Clothing  and  Dry 

.  Goods.  113 Wash.  Ave.  N.  210  Wash. 

Ave. S. 

CROCKERY  AND 

GLASSWARE. 

H  H.  LARNED.—China,  Glass  and  Lamps. 

105 Washington  Ave. S. 

DENTISTS. 

R W.  MORSE,  D. D. S. 
D E.  PARMELEE—Dentist.  218  Washington 

Hollister  Block,  Room 517. 

Ave. S,, Lansing,  Mich. 

DEPARTMENT 

STORE. 

DONSEREAUX'S  DEPARTMENT  STORE 

is  the  place  to  trade.  You can  get  a  warm 

lunch  in  our  cafe  for  10c.  See'ad. 

HARDWARE, 

STOVES  AND  TINWARE. 

I ll  Washington  Ave. South.  See ad. 

Stoves,  Tinware,  Graniteware,  Cutlery,  etc.. 

N ORTON'S  HARDWARE—General  Hardware,. 
J ACOB  STAHL  &  SON,—Wholesale  and  Re 

tail  Hardware  and  House  Furnishings.  211 
and  213 Washington  Avenue  North. 

HARNESS, 

TRUNKS,  ETC. 

J W.  EDMOND'S  SONS—Keep  the  finest  stock. 

of  Trunks,  Traveling  Bags,  Pocket  Books  and 
Leather  Goods  in  the city.  Also  a  full  line  o£ 

harness  and horse goods.  Repair  shop  in  connec 
tion.  107 Washington  Ave.  south. 

INSURANCE. 

THE  DYER-JENISON-BARRY  CO.,  LTD.,, 

Incorporated)  Hollister  Block.  All kinds of the 

best  insurance.  Strongest  agency in  city. 

JEWELERS. 

B P.  RICHMOND—Watchmaker,  Jeweler  and 

Engraver.  200-202 Washington  Avenue N. 

LAUNDRIES. 

THE  VANGORDER  PALACE  LAUNDRY.  Col-

lege  agents,  Rudolph  and  Mills.  S. V.  Lantz-

Prop. 
rp A K V O R I AN  *  JEWELL.—Agents  for  STAR 
LAUNDRY.  We return  your  work  on  Thurs 
1 
day  p. m.  Either  high  polish  or  dull  finish.  No 
saw-edge  collars. 

MANICURE  AND 

HAIRDRESSING. 

M RS.  O. T.  CASE—Mauicure  and  Hairdressing 

Parlors.  Masquerade  wigs  for  rent.  All 
styles of hair  goods  in  stock  or  manufactured  on 
short  notice.  New 'phone  118.  222H  Washington 
Avenue  S.,  up stairs. 

MERCHANT 

TAILORS. 

OODBURY  &  SAVAGE.—Tailors.  Student 
trade solicited.  Opposite  Hotel Downey,  North. 

J OHN  HERRMANN'S  SONS.  Fine  Tailoring. 

218  Washington  Avenue  N. 

MUSIC,  PIANOS,  ETC. 

THE  POST  &  BRISTOL  CO.  Pianos and  every 

thing in  the  lincsof  music  and  musical  instru 
ments.  219 Washington  Ave. N ., Lansing,  Mich. 

OCULISTS. 

J O S E PH  FOSTER,  M. D.—Eye,  Ear, Nose and 
J  Throat.  Hours  9  to  12 A.  M.  City  National 
Bank  Building,  Lansing. 

PHYSICIANS. 

A D.  HAGADORN,  M. D.—Office  hours,  11 lo 

12 A. M„ 2 to  i  and 7 to 8 P. M.  Office  at 212 

Washington  Avenue S.; home 419 Seymour St. 

RESTAURANTS. 

GILBERT  M.  HASTY,  Proprietor  Hasty's 

Gem  Lunch.  Best  meals  and  lunches  in the 

city.  Quiet  place for  adies.  113 Wash. Ave. S, 

T he  King's  Daughters  will  meet 
with  Mrs. Dean  Wednesday  after 
noon. 
Leader,  Mrs.  Holdsworth. 
Lesson,  L u k e,  16 —  i:  13.  T e xt 
word  " F a i t h f u l ."  Members  are 
for 
requested 
sewing.  A  full  attendance  is  de 
sired  as  matters  of  importance  are 
to  come  up  at  this  meeting.  Pound 
week. 

to  come  prepared 

DRUGGISTS. 

R OUSER'S  CAPITAL  DRUG  STORE.  Up to 

date.  Corner  store.  Opposite  Hollister  Block. 

DRY  GOODS. 

SIMONS  DRY  GOODS  COMPANY.  — Dry 

Goods and Carpets.  See ad. 

FURNISHING  GOODS. 

ELGIN  MIFFLIN.—Ladies'  and  Gentlemen's 

Furnishing  Goods.  See ad.