g jW 911 (§1. ©• fReccrJ. VOLUME 2. LANSING, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1897. NUMBER 5. A Day at the Botanical Department. At 8 o'clock in the morning we find Prof. Beal and Mr. Longyear preparing sections for the use of the class of sophomores in plant anatomy, which comes from 9 until 11 a. m. For a portion of the next hour Mr. Longyear is preparing work for an other section of students, which meets at 1 o'clock and works two hours. At the same time Prof. Beal is preparing work for the special-course-students in horticulture, who also come at 1 o'clock for a lecture or for laboratory work. Prof. Wheeler, on alternate days at 1 p. m., has the special-course students in dairying and live-stock husbandry. and is giving them many valuable hints' in regard to botany. We find five seniors, more or less, about the laboratory during the after noon, working on their theses. McLouth, '97, is counting, weighing and sorting out the weed seeds from samples of clover seed obtained from dealers in different parts of the State. He is in the laboratory at various times during the day working along this line. For two hours or more in the after noon, Butterfield, '97, is making com parisons of the grains of the cereals as his thesis work. Shaw, '97, is growing seeds and mak ing drawings and notes of seeds and seedlings of the weeds of two families, Cruciferse or Mustard family and Com- posiitae. Green, '97, is working on the various fungi that attack the stone fruits. He has worked steadily two hours a day for the past three weeks thus far on one fungus, drawing and taking notes and experimenting by growing the spores in different substances, and has not finished with it yet. Cartland's subject is the distribution of the fruit of the basswood in the fall and winter by the aid of wind, snow and the like. He calls from time to time to report his progress. In this department we find each day 3G agricultural sophomores, who come in three divisions for laboratory work. Each student requires prepared speci require mens for his study, ^Mch much patient work on the part of the instructor. Of the special-course stu dents, we find 55 assembled each day, which includes four of five special- students who are making up the sub ject. These, wTith the students who are working at thesis work, make in all about 95 assembled each day for in struction in this department, and this isn't much of a term for 'botany, either. We are agreeably surprised with the interest and attention shown by the special-course students in their work. Every one seems ready and even more than ready to do his level best. Prof. Beal is trying to find a little extra time to help look after the draft ing of a bill for the purpose of printing the proceedings of the State Academy of Science and another in the interest of Michigan forestry. Prof. Wheeler has spent much of his time lately in the sorting and placing of several thousand sheets of herbar ium specimens that Mr. Skeels, '98, mounted during the last vacation. With what spare time'they can find, Prof. Wheeler and Mr. Longyear are cornered in one room of the laboratory toadstools trying to bring order out of chaos by sorting, naming and arranging the seemingly numberless specimens of mushrooms and strewn about the room. They no sooner seem to have made a fair start then either the one or the other will go and get as many more from some place. These two gentlemen have such a strong bent that soon all the new books to be pur chased by this department will be chosen pertaining to this subject. Owing to the work being done by Prof. Wheeler and Mr. Longyear along this line, almost every week adds a new fiend or crank , as they are called by some, to the list of those who are enthused with the work. The latest convert is none other than the well- known student of Greenville, Mr. Bar low. '99. He is not only collecting all the specimens that he can find here at the College^ but has sent home asking friends to send him all specimens that they may chance to find. Mr. Petitt calls in every day or two interesting to bring some new and specimen or to suggest some new method of putting up and preserving specimens that he may have found. Messrs. Gunson and Durkin do the same quite frequently. HAKT. Institutes. STOCKBBIDGE. The opening session was very slimly attended and late in calling to order. This was doubtless due to the sudden change of weather and very rough condition of the roads. The interest taken in the papers and discussions was not lacking even in the forenoon sessions. The afternoon and evening sessions were well attended. Of the Monday evening session, Mrs. Mayo said it was the best meeting she had attended in her twenty years of insti tute experience: that agriculture can not be raised higher than the agricultur ist, and it was such meetings as this which are going to raise the standard of farming. The papers which prompt ed this remark were "Character Build ing," by Mrs. B. E. Thompson of Stock- bridge, and "Choosing a Profession," by J. T. Campbell of Mason. The dis cussion was led by Rev. J. H. Mcin tosh and Prof. J. Cook, Mrs. Mayo and H. E. Van Norman. The talks by R. M. Kellogg of Three Rivers and J. L. Shawver of Ohio were particularly well received. The claims made for Stockbridge hos pitality by Rev. J. H. Mcintosh in his address of welcome seemed a little ex travagant, but they were fully justi fied. The ladies served an excellent dinner in the basement of the town hall. It was exceptionally neat and tastily arranged and served for a din ner of the kind and place. There were several invitations for the location of next year's institute. The preference for Mason was express ed by vote of the society. ADRIAN. On Wednesday afternoon the good- roads question came in for a consid erable discussion. The general opinion seemed to be that no change in ex isting laws is necessary, but that more care in choosing pathmasters should be exercised. In the evening President Thomas of Adrian College, who took such an active part in the institute last year, was again present and par ticipated in the exercises. The prin cipal addresses of the evening were "Business Sense in Farming," by Hon. Wm. Ball, and "My Experience in Farming," by E. J. Smith. A large crowd attended the Thursday sessions. Resolutions looking to the reduction of county expenses were adopted, as also were resolutions favor ing the enactment of an anti-oleo-color law, and the passage of the Jibb bill now pending. A third "resolve" favor ed the Grout bill now before congress. The merits of alfalfa as a forage plant were discussed at the afternoon ses sion. Dr. Grange's talk on "The Struc ture of the Milk Glands of the Cow, and Diseases Peculiar to Them" was well received and thoroughly dis cussed. "Farm Fences," by M. W. Fulton, also came in for a generous discussion. the Notwithstanding intense cold weather, there was a fair attendance at the institute at Hillsdale. Insti tutes wrere also held at Ionia and Wayne during a part of last week. The Day of Prayer for Colleges. The observance of this day, so wide ly recognized by the colleges through out the land, was appropriately con ducted at the M. A. C. Notwithstand ing the inclement weather which pre vailed last Thursday, the chapel was well filled with students and other Col lege residents interested in the exer cises of the day. The sermon was preached by Dr. Dan. F. Bradley of the First Congregational church of Grand Rapids, and was followed by a brief address from Rev. A. S. Zimmerman of Lansing. Dr. Bradley's discourse was well adapted to the day and the occasion. "The chief need of the times," he em phasized, "is more broadly educated men. Men who can touch society in many places and be useful to it in many ways." The Christian ideal of manhood and womanhood was pre sented as the ideal which will lead to this much desired broadness of char acter. The speaker congratulated the audi ence upon its "good fortune in living in a Christian land—a land not domi nated by Budhist or materialistic be lief, but one in Which Christian influ ences prevailed." Besides this principal service com memorative of the day, the society of King's Daughters held a prayer service during the afternoon, while the day was fittingly closed by a special prayer meeting at the rooms of the Young Men's Christian Association. Acetylene Gas. A great deal of interest is now being taken in acetylene gas as an illumi nating gas, and several companies have been experimenting with the ob ject of reducing the cost of manufac turing calcium carbide, from which the gas is liberated by applying water, so as to bring it into competition with other illuminating gases. M. F. Loomis, '94, is traveling for one of these companies, the Chicago Acety lene and Carbide Co. Last week he exhibited this company's generator at the chemical laboratory and gave us some interesting facts regarding his work. The company proposes to put the gas state on the market by organizing stock companies to handle it exclusive ly. Mr. Loomis is at present engaged in traveling from city to city in Mich igan for the purpose of advertising the gas. He sets up his generator and starts it going for the purpose of show ing the illuminating power of the gas. It is certainly very brilliant, having about 15 times the candle power of ordinary gas. Machines can be placed in any house and the ordinary gas piping used, but special burners are necessary. As to the cost, Mr. Loomis claims that the gas can be put on the market at one-fourth the cost per candle power of ordinary gas or electric light. He showed a copy of the Journal of the American Chemical Society for April which contained a record of tests made by J. T. Morehead and G. De Chal- mont, at Spray, N. C, showing that the carbide could be produced at a cost of less than $25 per ton. His company controls patents on a constant feed furnace, by the use of which they hope to reduce the cost still lower. The company has also an excellent water power at Chippewa Falls, Wis. It is now producing 1,000 horse power at a cost of $4 per horse power, and has an option on several thousand horse power at $1 per horse power. Mr. Loomis is firm in his belief that acetylene gas is to "light the world." The Chicago M. A. C. Association. The Chicago M. A. C. association will hold its second annual reunion and din ner on Saturday evening, Feb. 27, 1897. All former students at M. A. G, whether residents of Chicago or not, are invited to attend. In addition to the dinner there will be a reception for friendly greetings and the renewal of old acquaintanceships. Nearly forty M. A. C. men, repre senting fifteen different classes, now reside in Chicago. Of course every one of these will be in attendance. Assur ances have also been received that sev eral of the oldest graduates of the College, living outside of Chicago, and two or more members of the faculty, will come. The date of the reunion is fixed for Saturday evening in the hope and expectation that many of those who are teaching or who live at a dis tance from Chicago may attend with out loss of time. Genial fellowship, the renewal of college ties and a good dinner are promised, and it is hoped that the success and enthusiasm of the first reunion held last winter may be repeated this year. The secretary, Ray S. Baker, room 17, The Record, Chicago, 111., is de sirous of hearing at once from every former student of the College who can come. The Alumni Library. A few months ago Mrs. Landon be gan to collect the works that have been published by our graduates, with the object in view of building up an alumni library, separate from the gen eral library. Many works from the hands of our graduates are already in the general library, but when one hap pens to run across them he does not know they are the work of graduates of M. A. C. unless he happens to be acquainted with the writers. So it is desired that all who have written a book or pamphlet of any kind will con- 2 T HE M. A. C. K E C O K D. FEBRUARY 2, 1897. tribute a copy of the same for this special library. Several have already generously responded, but there are many more to hear from. We want our collection to be complete before the Triennial Reunion. Send us your book; we shall be proud of it and grateful for it, and you will have sent back to old M. A. C. the sequel to your College record. At the College. E. A. Calkins, '98, is able to be about the grounds again. Mrs. M. L. Dean is spending two weeks with her mother in Grand Rap ids. Miss Lilian Wheeler returned, Fri day, from a visit of two weeks in Chi cago. A sleighing party of about twenty- five Lansing pupils visited the College Friday last. Miss Bixby of Springport was the guest of D. E. Hoag, '99wi, last Friday and Saturday. G. A. Bunting, '00, left for Buffalo last Friday, where he will take studies in the Hamburg Academy. The Agricultural College committee in the house has reported favorably on the College appropriation bill. The recent cold snap kept the fire men at the boiler house so busy that they have had to neglect the electric lights. The College has purchased a dynamo of 110 light capacity to take the place of the one now used to light the li brary. J. H. Brown, editor of the Michigan Farmer, gave a lecture to the special students Thursday on the care of the dairy herd. > The Columbian society gave a hop in their club rooms in Wells hall Satur day evening and entertained the co-eds of the College. The Y. W. C. A. of the College unit ed with the Y. W. C. A. of Lansing in the Sunday afternoon service of the latter association. The botanical department expects to make a large display of drawings and specimens at the round-up institute at St. Louis in March. The pump used to supply the Col lege with water has recently undergone repairs. New piston rods, plungers, and plunger casings were added. Miss Lou Kellum of Lansing has been engaged as private clerk and stenographer to the secretary, in place of Mrs. Bernice Polhemus, resigned. The King's Daughters will meet with Miss Baldwin tomorrow afternoon. It is "pound week." Lesson, Psalms XV. Text, "Endurance." Leader, Mrs. El- derkin. Lieut. H. H. Bandholtz, accompanied by his wife, left Thursday for Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, to take an ex amination for promotion from second to first lieutenant. In our last issue there was an error in the date given for the debate be tween the Natural History Society and the Lansing Science Club. The debate will be held Feb. 12, instead of Feb. 2, as announced. E. D. Brown, '00, wishes to unde ceive those who have got the impres sion that he is the nephew of the re nowned John Brown. He says that his "only 'uncle' in the Brown line happens to be an aunt." The second of a series of informal hops was given in the armory last Friday evening from 8 p. m. to 11:30 p. m. Good sleighing and delightful winter weather lent to the success of the affair. About fifty couples were in attendance. Bristol's orchestra fur nished music. Hon. Mortimer Levering, secretary of the National Shropshire Breeders Association of the United Seated gave two lectures to the special students and juniors in the agricultural labo ratory Friday. One was on Shropshire sheep and the other on the selection of a dairy bull. Prin. Quackenbush and about forty of his high school pupils—his class in physics and a few others—in response to an invitation from Prof. Wood- worth, visited the College last Friday evening. They were shown the physi cal apparatus and X ray, af^er which President Snyder took them through the women's department. department The horticultural is sending out a large number of circu lars of inquiry regarding the San Jose scale to the various fruit growers throughout the state. The circulars both ask information regarding the ex tent to which the San Jose scale has spread and its depredations, and also give information regarding its appear ance and its prevention and extermi nation. Married, Thursday evening, January 28, at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Driggs, Lansing, Mrs. Bernice Driggs Polhemus to Prof. Dean. Bliss. Mr. and Mrs. Bliss will go at once on a concert tour for eight weeks, after which they will take up their residence in Detroit. Mrs. Polhemus has been for nearly two years stenographer in the secretary's office at the College and has made many friends among College people. The mechanical department have re cently added to their valuable equip ment a model which embodies all the kinematic features of the engine, show ing clearly the actions of the plain slide valve, the slide valve with riding cut-off, the double ported valve, and the Corliss valve gear. The angular advance and throw are adjustable, and the student is able to acquire valu able knowledge of the principles gov erning the setting of valves. Last Thursday was Dr. Kedzie's 74th birthday anniversary and also the 34th anniversary of his appointment as professor of chemistry at M. A. C. In the evening his daughter, Mrs. Ella Kedzie, surprised him by giving an in formal reception in honor of the occa sion, which was attended by nearly all members of the faculty and their families and the sub faculty. The doctor was at his best and entertained the company with many reminiscences of "ye olden times." Hon. C. J. Monroe visited the Col lege last Thursday and gave us a very pleasant chapel talk. He spoke of his stations trip to eastern experiment and of the pleasure he had in meeting M. A. C. graduates in many places. At Geneva, N. Y., there were five, all enthusiastic workers. In New Jersey and Delaware he found the experiment station workers very much wrought up over the ravages of the San Jose scale. Referring briefly to Michigan's vast resources, he spoke encouraging ly of the prospects for broad and use ful work for our young men and wo men, but warned them, also, to hus band life's forces so as to attain a ripe old age of usefulness. After the football is over, After the field is clear, Straighten my nose and shoulder; Help me to find my ear. Spare Moments. Twenty-one Years of Institute Work. ALLEGAN. From the Allegan Democrat of Jan uary 13 we clip the following report of the celebration of the twenty-first an niversary of Farmers' Institutes in Michigan, including an abstract from Dr. Kedzie's address: Perhaps the most interesting session during the two days of the institute was that held Monday evening; this being the twenty-first anniversary of the starting of the farmers' institute in this state. There were nine gentlemen present who had participated in the first institute, Jan. 11, 1876. These were R. C. Kedzie of the College, Gen eral B. D. Pritchard, chairman of the evening, N. W. Lewis of Gobleville, J. B. Buck of Monterey, E. W. Robinson of Fennville; G. W. Grigsby, L. A. Lilly, O. L. Holton and Ezra Braekett, all of Allegan. Gen. Pritchard was also chairman of the first institute held in Allegan. The session was opened by music by the Allegan Grange choir and a recita tion by Miss Ethel Mickok. General Pritchard then gave a few brief re marks in reference to the holding of the first institute, after which he intro duced Dr. Kedzie, who was to deliver an address on the "Starting of the In stitute." We are unable to give at this time the entire address, but the substance of it is as follows: "Twenty-one years ago today, the first farmers' institute was held at this place, a corresponding institute being held at the same time at Armada. These institutes were the inauguration of a class of farmers' meetings that have been held every winter in Michi gan since that date, and have spread into nearly every state of our Union, and in some foreign countries. They have continually increased in popular favor and no state has abandoned them after giving them fair trial. The good that has been accomplished through the farmers' institutes cannot be told by words or measured by figures; they have come to stay and they will shed the dew of their blessing upon our peo ple when the place of their origin shall be forgotten." "It is fitting, therefore, on this twen ty-first anniversary of the institutes an at this place, where they were first placed on trial, to look back upon their starting and trace some of the in fluences that brought the farmers' in stitutes into being as a force in the agriculture, the horticulture, as well as the social life of Michigan." Dr. Kedzie then reviwed at length the incidents leading up to the estab lishing of the Agricultural College at Lansing. The act appropriating mon ey for the establishing of the College was passed in 1855. At that time Ing ham county was nearly an unbroken wilderness. The southern counties were seriously offended by the locat ing of a college and experimental farm in the woods and were hostile to the scheme. Their opposition was a heavy load for 'the College and hampered its usefulness for many years. How to remove this unfriendly feeling was a matter for earnest discussion in the It was not until 1875 that a faculty. line of action was decided upon. After considerable work the Board of Agri culture was prevailed upon to take charge of a series of farmers' institutes to be held in different parts of the state with a view to bringing the College in to closer touch with the farmers. It was with some misgivings the state board adopted the plan and a commit tee was appointed to arrange for six farmers' institutes. The public took up the place for these meetings in a generous spirit. Applications came in large numbers for the institutes and before the final arrangements were made more than thirty applications were on file. The public was ready for the new departure, and looking back twenty-one years it is hard to be lieve that serious doubts were enter tained about their success. "The College team sent to the Alle gan institute consisted of Profs. Fair- child, Cook and Kedzie and R. C. Car penter. The president of the insti tute was Gen. Pritchard and the secre tary, E. C. Reid." "The first meeting was January 11, 1876, twenty-one years ago this even ing. Rev. J. Sailor conducted the open- ing exercises, after which Prof. Fair- child delivered a lecture on 'Educa tion, who need it and who can afford it,' following which an essay by Henry I. Clubb, on 'Fruit Growing in Michi gan,' was read by Secretary Reid." "The next morning Dr. Kedzie gave a talk on 'Lightning Rods,' and a lec ture on 'Muck,' and Mr. Julius, Tom- linson read an essay on 'Shall Farm ers Keep Bees' which was full of sharp points and sweetness. Mr. Wil liam Cummlngs followed with an essay on 'Long Wooled Sheep.' " "In the afternoon Prof. Cook gave a lecture on 'Fruit or Insects—Which?' J. A. Anderson followed with a paper on 'Breeding and Feeding Swine.' Mr. Henry Schultes then read a paper on 'Raising Hay and Fattening Cattle,' which closed the exercises for the af ternoon." "The closing session of the Institute was Wednesday evening when R. C. .Carpenter gave a lecture on 'Road Making.' Richard Ferris then read a paper on 'Cutting and Curing Hay.' The closing exercise 'was an essay by Hon. A. S. Dyckman, member of the board, on 'Thinning Fruit.' " "The essays and papers contributed by the farmers of Allegan" and vicinity were valuable and timely and elicited Valuable discussion in every instance. The meetings were crowded and the in terest unabated from first to last. The institute was a success." "The president of the institute, Gen.. Pritchard, closed the meeting with a few appropriate remarks, pronouncing a kind of benediction over the pleasant- est and most profitable meeting ever held by Allegan county farmers." "Such in brief is the rise of the Far It has survived all mers' Institute. the doubts and fears of its infancy, and has grown to lusty manhood, for it is 'of age' tonight, twenty-one years old. No one challenges its right to be, and it is more strongly intrenched 'in the hearts of the people than ever Long may it live and pros before. per!" ARMADA. Abstract of an Address by DR. W. J. BEAL. Of the four speakers who were first this institute as assigned to attend representatives of the College, three have gone to their long home, viz., President Abbot, Professor A. B. Gul- ley and Mr. C. L. Ingersoll. I alone am left. One of the substitutes for . that occasion, Secretary Baird, and Mrs. Alice Garfield, the young bride of the other substitute, have also crossed the river. Although an institute was held at Allegan at the same time one was held at Armada, yet Armada may be counted as first, owing to the fact of making the earliest application. The idea of holding farmers' insti tutes did not originate at the Agricul- FEBEUAKT 2, 1897. T HE M. A. C. K E C O K D. 3 tural College, but was borrowed from the state of Illinois, which had held them with success for four years, be ginning in 1872. Hon. J. M. Gregory, President of Illinois University, at one time Superintendent of Public Instruc tion in this State, was the man to exe cute the scheme of holding farmers' in stitutes in the State of Illinois. Let us glance at a catalog of the Ag ricultural College for the year 1876. farmers' served period Among the names of the members ot the State Board of Agriculture was that of Hon. George W. Phillips of and chairman of one of Eomoe, institutes of the first from 1871 Michigan. He to 1883, a twelve of years, and performed his duties with earnestness and eminent success, well nigh to devotion. At that time there were ten professors and assistants on the faculty roll and 164 students. Of those ten persons, only two are left, Dr. R. C. Kedzie and the person who addresses you; four of the remaining eight have died, three resigned to ac cept positions commanding better sal aries. At that time there was only one course of study, and that was known as the agricultural course. Since then the interest from the na tional land grant has increased from $16,000 per year to $30,000; besides the United States government gives money for the support of the College amount ing this year to $22,000, and $15,000 annually for the support of an experi ment station. In 1876, and for many years after, only six institutes a year were held, with a very small fund for defraying some of the expenses, but for last year and the present year $5,000 per year have been placed in the hands of the State Board of Agriculture for con ducting seventy or more institutes an nually. The last catalog contains the names of 28 professors and assistants and 393 students, with an attendance con siderably larger during the present college year. There have been added a department of mechanical engineer ing and a course for women of equal rank with the agricultural course, and four special courses in as many special lines of agriculture and horticulture. The strengthening and extension of the farmers' institutes has been re ferred to, and the addition of the ex periment station, which sends gratis to 20,000 farmers a dozen or more bul letins each year. The farm home read ing circle has been in successful oper ation for several years. The teaching of agriculture after many changes and tribulations has been much strengthened in many re spects; among them an extension of the time devoted to agriculture, horti culture and allied sciences. Instruc tion in the dairy is now excellent; vet erinary science extends daily through the year; bacteriology is well equipped: the grass garden and weed garden, as departments of a botanic garden, have been enlarged and perfected; the hor ticultural department has more than doubled its area in cultivation, has erected three more greenhouses, in stalled a plant for experiments in irri gation; instruction in political econ omy and civil government has been in perfected; military tactics is regularly given by an officer detailed by the government; the College farm and the campus have been much improved; a weekly jour nal, known as T HE M. A. C. RECORD, is edited by the faculty and students. Another improvement at the College is worthy of especial mention. The numerous institutes Cannot be entirely instruction systematic supplied with speakers from the Col lege faculty, as they must teach their classes at the College. To supply this deficiency, if we may be warranted in calling it a deficiency, a goodly number of bright and successful men and wo men from various portions of the state are employed to present topics with which they are most familiar, not only at numerous institutes, but some of them to the agricultural classes at the College. The institute work, like the Farm Home Reading Circle, must be considered in the line of College exten sion work—legitimate work carried to the neighborhoods where farmers live. In 1876 the mail was carried once a day to and from Lansing by a student on foot, but for several years past there 'has been a postoffice at the Col lege, with mails each way twice a day, and a very large amount of mail mat ter is handled at the College, making it only second to that of Lansing in Ingham county. In 1876 students and visitors passed over the long three miles of poor road from Lansing to the College either on foot, by stage, or perhaps they were fortunate enough to get a lift from some passing farmer's team. For some years past all this has been changed. For five cents there is an op portunity three times an hour each way to go from the College to Lansing or return. A trip occupies about fif teen minutes. The visitor who- has been absent for twenty-one years will be bewildered and astonished at the changes that have taken place at the College. He is often somewhat puzzled to find land marks enough to really get his bear ings. Some buildings have been moved, others enlarged or otherwise improved, and a good many have been erected since 1876. In 1876 Dr. T. C. Abbot was presi dent of the College, and in the prime of a busy and useful life. The College was most fortunate in retaining his services for a period of nearly thirty years—in fact his name appeared as a member of the faculty for thirty-one years. He served as president for twenty-two years, while for the other eighteen years six different persons have served as president. Alfred B. Gulley, another member of the faculty delegated to speak at the first institute at Armada, was profes sor of agriculture for nearly two years and resigned at his own suggestion to resume work on his farm. He was a most genial man, Who rarely, if ever, made an enemy, while his warm friends were numerous. He was succeeded by C. L. Ingersoll, who served as foreman and professor of agriculture for a period of four years. There have been seven profes sors of agriculture during the past thirty-one years, and four others acted as superintendent of the farm during the other nine years, making eleven persons at the head of the farm de partment for a period of forty years, an average of about three and two- thirds years for each person. In glancing at the topics which were the first placed on the program of farmers' institute, we find them much the same as topics discussed today. There has been some progress, but young people are all the time taking the places of those who have retired from active life, and the old, old stories must be repeated at institutes. The method of conducting institutes has been considerably improved, and the expenses for securing the same amount of good work have been dimin ished. This has been accomplished toy employing a superintendent who attends to many details heretofore del egated to a number of other people who did not always act on the Same plan. The railroads of the state grant half fare; one crew or company of per sons passes from place to place in a certain section of the state and save expense of time and money and worry. More attention has been given to illus trations and exhibits at institutes; the cooking school as a section for instruct ing the women has been found success ful,—also the section for women, in which they discuss topics of especial value to themselves and their children. Although institutes have now been held for 21 years, Michigan has been rather conservative when compared with some of the neighboring states. Our institutes are run on the cheap or economical plan, not costing half as much for each as is expended in Wis consin and Minnesota. They indulge in some luxuries, such as the employ ment from other states of prominent farmers who have been eminently suc cessful in certain specialties. For ex ample, John Gould of Ohio was the means of putting 500 silos into Wis consin in one year, while two years ago there were over 600 silos in Jefferson county alone. In my own work at institutes, I have been diligently scattering grass seed all over the southern peninsula for 25 years. Much of the seed must have possessed low vitality, or it must have fallen on poor soil,—at least the good results that I anticipated have been slow in arriving. In a few places enough have grown to produce fine mixed meadows and pastures. For the encouragement of the fann ers, I quote a few sentences from Wil liam Kent, an educated engineer who gave the address at last commence ment of the Agricultural College: ample location, "The College is here, and it is here to stay; but although it is nearly 40 years old, has, as far as I can judge, a good endowment, equipment, well qualified splendid teachers, an admirable system of in struction, free tuition, it is still so far in advance of the times and of the pop ular sentiment that it is not appre ciated as it should be by the citizens of the state in general, and by the farming in particular. That the farmers' sons do not come here is not the fault of this particular college, of its methods or its teachers. "Let not the advocates of the Agri cultural College be discouraged. Its day is coming just as the day of the coimmunity theirs was. The technical engineering college has al ready come. Twenty years ago, when I graduated from a mechanical engi neering college, such graduates were a drug in the market. Now the condi tions are entirely different, and there is a steady demand for them. Such, I predict, will be the course of the Ag ricultural College. The farmer must learn how to do more things and bet ter things than ever his father and grandfather did. His education must be of a broader and more varied kind than successful farmer of the future will not spend his life in manual drudgery, working with his hands from sun to sun, as his ancestors did, while his wife drudges from sunrise till dark at night to do her share of the work and at the same time board the farm laborers. He will work less with his hands and more with his brains. Much of the old time drudgery will be done away with by the use of machinery. Above all, the farmer of the future must be an ed ucated man. He must have a cultured brain and know how to use it in his business." from farmers' During these 21 years the farmers of Michigan have been gaining, and this gain can be attributed to many causes. They have had the benefits accruing institutes, numerous prosperous granges, and more recently from numerous farmers' clubs. A few self-sacrificing members of the State Horticultural Society, in cluding several professors of the Agri cultural College, have gone from to county holding excellent county meetings in which fruits and flowers topics in the programs. The were reports have been ably edited for the benefit of all horticulturists in the state. No state has ever been more fortunate than our own in having such able and public-spirited men as Hon. T. T. Lyon and Hon. C. W. Garfield, not to mention a good number of others who have been doing and are still doing noble work of this kind. With courses at the Agricultural Col lege, with institutes, granges and clubs and State Horticultural Society association, and State Dairymen's with experiments and bulletins, read ing circle, agricultural fairs and the improved agricultural press—unless there are some gross blunders and cal amities unforseen, the studying farmer must rise and soon enter a new era full of promise. THE MAPES CLOTHING CO. 207 and 2 09 WASHINGTON AVE., SOUTH. Our $5.00 Suit and Overcoat Sale E e ^ iS week's business demonstrated the fact that LOW PRICES and GOOD VALUES are great trade winners. We have sold more goods in the past 10 days, than, (consider ing the conditions of the times) we could expect to have sold in a month. We cannot stop this sale in the midst of a whirlwind of business, so will let the good work go on and continue this great profit crushing but business producing FIVE DOLLAR SUIT AND OVERCOAT SALE. We've got the goods and must have the money. We are getting desparate and bound to make business if we don't make a cent and in our higher grades of Men's, Boys' and Children's Suits and Overcoats as well as F U R N I S H I NC GOODS We are offering more solid inducements, more genuine and unmatchable bargains than any house in the state. me mm Giottiino GO., 2 07 and 2 09 W A S H I N G T ON A V E ., SOUTH 4 T HE M. A. C. E E C O E D. FEBRUARY 2, 1897. The M. A. C. Reeord. PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE E D I T ED BY T HE F A C U L T Y, ASSISTED BY T HE STUDENTS. A D D R E SS A LL M A IL TO L O CK B OX 262, L A N S I N G, M I C H. S U B S C R I P T I O N, 50 CENTS P ER Y E A R. Business Office with R O B E RT S M I TH P R I N T I NG CO., Printers and Binders, Corner Washington Avenue and Ionia Street, Lansing, Mich. Entered as second-class matter at Lansing, Mich. For various reasons T HE M. A. C. R E C O RD is occasionally sent to those who h a ve n ot sub scribed for the paper. Such persons need have no hesitation about t a k i ng the paper from the postofflce, for no charge will be m a de for i t. The only way, however, to secure the RECORD regular.y is to subscribe. Changes in Faculty Meetings. While reorganizations of the College faculty meetings are of little interest, doubtless, except to those directly con cerned, yet changes from the old rou tine have recently been made of im portance to all. A plan has been ar ranged by which all the teachers of the College, whether instructor or profes sor, come together at least once each month to discuss the class work, espe cially of their students. In order to make this plan more effective, certain days of the month have been assigned to the College classes—freshmen, soph omores, etc.—at which time the teachers having any members of the class under discussion in charge will compose the meeting, and this class will receive consideration. The object of these changes is to permit more attention to be gh^en to the class work of students and to the teaching part of a teacher's work than before was obtainable. The regular faculty meeting will convene once each month. The Relation of Farmers' Institutes to the Agricultural College, K. L. BUTTERFIELD. In principle, farmers' institutes are neither more nor less than college ex tension in mild form. Their existence can be defended by the same argu ments that may have been used to de fend the existence of an Agricultural College. The fact that other than col lege men aid in thus extending the col lege work and influence does not make these institutes the less college exten sion work. The relation, therefore, of farmers^institutes to the College is very close and very important. Per haps we can best discuss this relation by noting what the (institutes seem to be actually accomplishing for the Col lege. Farmers' institutes diffuse agricul tural information. Since this is a part of the business of the College, and the especial mission of the Experiment Station, its extension through the me dium of institutes certainly is an end desirable and consistent. It may be argued that this information is already largely distributed in the Experiment Station bulletins and the agricultural press. But do not forget the personal element that prevails at an institute. To say nothing of the people who do not read agricultural papers nor bul letins, the fact that the speaker can infuse into an address an energy and earnestness that may be wholly lack ing in a pamphlet serves to impress his thoughts more vividly. Discussion, too, brings out many phases of a sub largely ject, with local adaptations lacking in any form of printed presen tation. We are here led to a second result of an institute. The auditors are inspired. The earnest presentation of a topic, the sharp discussion follow ing, the hopeful view that usually comes from a mingling of friends, all these tend to set the mind into new channels, to give fresh vigor, and in short to inspire. This is perhaps the chief good of an institute. The infor mation diffused is a considerable gain; a greater is the renewed hope and en ergy. Farmers' institutes promote a better understanding of the College, on the part of the farmers. The word "pro fessor" is as badly maltreated in idea as it is in speech. "Book-farming" is a word at one time thoroughly imbed ded in the popular mind. But when farmers observe that "the professor" is human, has common sense, simply tells what he knows and testifies of what he has seen, confidence is born, and not only do future words of that professor, 'Whether "spoken in meet ing" or written in bulletins, come with force, but the confidence in the man is transferred to the institution. Our older professors have watched and have been a part of this process. This confidence and understanding pave the way for future students. Di rectly, other means may seem to draw more students, but the (institutes, though that is a minor object of them, make straight the way of many a young man on the farm, and the way leads M. A. C.-ward. Farmers' institutes are a most valu able education for the professors who participate. This is a delicate matter for me to discuss, but there can be no question about the truth of it, in the mind of any college man who will be frank with himself after having at tended a series of institutes. In in formation, in sympathy, in the broad ened view, the man will be strengthen ed, if he have any spark of interest in the. class of people whom this College was designed to benefit. To conclude. If this work is college extension, what are its limits? To my mind we are but on the verge of the possibilities of this form of popular education. The College must alwajrs remain the center of a deep and broad culture.. But these institutes, coupled with courses of lectures and courses of reading, are the best means of diffus ing information and culture among our farming people. The College will of necessity reach the few and reach the young, directly. What of the multi tude—the old, the middle aged, or those less ambitious, less able, less fortu nate? The College will reach the few, and those vitally. The institutes must be for the many. And perhaps we may thus reach the many more vitally than we are disposed to think. At any rate, my own thought is that during the next quarter of a century this problem of building wisely and firmly a thorough system of Agricultural College extension is more important than any other in the field of agricul tural extension. Barbarisms in Modern Life. LEWIS S. MUNSON, '97. (Read before the Union Literary Society, January 23.) The evening of the 19th century is already upon us, and soon another era will have begun. As we stand upon almost the dividing line between the old and the new centuries, it seems highly desirable that we should take a backward glance over the history of the last hundred years, note wherein our efforts towards the betterment of mankind have not been entirely suc cessful, and determine in what direc tion our energies in the future may be best exerted. The closing century has, indeed, been one of marked social, in tellectual and religious development; but have we reached our zenith of per fection, or have we not, even in the midst of our development, created a tendency to revert to practices incon sistent with our present age and civili zation? For the answer to this ques tion let us look to the tendencies of modern life as we see them on every hand. The 'spirit manifested by the nation, by the community, and by the individual, serves well as an indicator of the state of perfection that the pres ent age has reached. In political affairs, the attempt to establish International arbitration has not been unsuccessful, yet while a few nations are agreed as to their relations to each other, the remaining ones seem to be as far away from such a condi tion as ever. Today, under the very eyes of the civilized and Christianized world, the Turk ruthlessly murders the Christian Armenian; while Spain and Cuba are employed in a brutal war fare, the one that she may retain her supremacy over her subjects, the other to free herself from the exactions of a tyrannical mother country. If in either case precepts of civilized war fare were observed, then the existence of these wars might be tolerable; but where, in the civilized Avorld, is there a nation that has not recognized the in justice and inhumanity practiced, and yet where among those nations is there one that has taken a decisive stand in defense of the stiffering powers? Whom are we to blame for the contin uance of these conditions? Certainly the Turk cannot be entirely blamed for back of his motives lie the exac tions of the religion he worships. With Spain—well arises whether that day is not passed when the Spaniards are entitled to the name of a civilized people. question the E w l i at nature's laws if they do not in- Hfvolve the laws of justice? HI We need not, however, go beyond t the boundaries of our own nation to search for material for our subject. Indeed, it is hardly necessary that we go beyond our own state, or our own immediate vicinity. Everywhere we find that the love of power and dis tinction, and the desire for gain, are powerful forces, working with a pow erful influence. A century ago the foundation was laid for a republic un der circumstances most conducive to the upbuilding of an ideal nation. Since that day we have undergone a marvelous transformation. Our terri tory has been extended in almost every direction; our resources are practically unexhau stable; and our national wealth compares favorably with that of any of the older nations of Europe. Despite these facts, there exist evils that at times seem to shake the very foundations of our political institu tions. No other phase of modern life offers greater opportunities for reform than does our politics. It has been subject to most shameful practices during the past years. I need but men tion the Tammany ring of New York city or the Gas ring of Philadelphia, to Call to the minds of all the nefari ous encroachments upon personal lib erty. What is true in these two cities is also true to a certain extent in near ly every city and community that we may choose to investigate. It is not an unrecognized fact that many gov ernmental positions, both state and na tional, are filled by men of unscrupu lous character. We may legitimately ask an explanation of these conditions. Certainly it is not because the Amer ican people are unable to discriminate between such persons and more con scientious ones, nor that there is not a desire on the part of a majority, at least, for a pure and healthy govern These desirable factors are ment. [ ever existing in American society, but their influence is so often overshadow ed by various means of political chi canery that we are wont, in many in stances, to think them entirely want ing. Some may ask why England, Ger many, France, Austria and the United States do not interfere. Concerning the injustice of the Armenian butcher ies, or of the war now existing in Cu ba, the civilized world can have but one opinion. But the very motives that prompted the aggressive nations in beginning these warfares have also been instrumental in keeping surround ing nations from interfering. These motives are the almost insatiable de sire for power, and a corresponding greed for gain. Had the Armenian af fair not Involved the questions of dol lars and cents, and of the relative power the Various European would or would not get by interference, the sit uation never would have been so alarming as it is today. With the Cu bans it matters little whether or not we recognize them as an organized people, and give to them, the privileges of an organized government. Such ac tion could not alter the fact that the practices of the Spaniards, and per haps of the Cubans as well, have been but little 'better than the grossest of barbarism. Why in this case has there not been neutral intervention? Well, there are political laws that must be respected. But must butchery be tol erated, and all moral laws be trampled under foot, that some foreign power or that we ourselves be not financial losers by such an humane action? What ' are our international laws if thejr be not the laws of nature, and But let us turn our attention to mod ern social life. Here, also, we are struck with amazement as almost an infinitude of unhealthy phases present themselves. Of these only the more Important ones need be mentioned, as the lesser ones will then suggest them selves to the minds of all. American society can no longer be called a homogeneous quantity. As in England and France, it has its divi sions, perhaps not so distinctly mark ed, but certainly not in an embryonic state. And what is the principle of this division? Religion? No. Educa tion? No. Social rank, that unstable quantity which wealth and wealth alone can afford. Religion and educa tion may be desirable, and in a high degree in some instances, but they are not absolutely essential. He who has the title to wealth holds the key that admits him to the aristocracy, but on the other hand he with a spotless char acter and a good education, but with out wealth, knocks at the door but re ceives no recognition. Capital and labor afford a striking example of the effect of this division. Here the one lives by the use of an ac cumulated wealth, the other by the toil of his own hands. Despite the fact that economists recognize a mutual de pendence between the two, there fre quently arise conflicts very deteriorat ing in their nature. The frequent com plaint of abridgment of individual rights, unnecessary reduction of wages, and labor strikes with their wanton FEBRUARY 2, 1897. T HE M. A. C. E E C O K D. 5 destruction of property and of human lives, are the signs of the constant strife existing between these two classes. Social customs, what a change they have undergone! Fashion speaks, and all society conforms to her bidding. Even the church, the most exalted and yet the very foundation of social institutions, frequently loses its vir tues and becomes a tool in the hands of society. Religious, intellectual and even physical training, are so frequent ly relegated to the background that we come to recognize that position as their accustomed place. Note the difference between the society of the Puritan forefathers and the society of today. Although deprived of many advant ages that we today enjoy, they im proved theirs all alike; they obtained thereby a strict religious and moral training, a fair practical education, and a healthy home, a strong body, in which the spirit of God might reside. In many respects their position is an enviable one. But, enough! Despite the advance ment of the 19th century, the 20th century will present its share of prob lems. Some will be solved, others will remain perplexing. The work of the philanthropist is not at an end. His field is as broad as ever. His advant ages, too, a re unsurpassed. labors be faithful and earnest, they will be accompanied with reward; but so long as society exists, it will be in fested with its barbarisms, and at best we can only hope for, not realize, an absolute state of perfection. If his Who Wrote Shakespeare! C. B. LAITNER, '97, of the Hesperian Society. What a question! A veritable para dox! And yet this same question has been agitating the world more or less ever since those marvelous productions were placed before it. Even at the time they were written, it seemed a marvel that a man of Shakespeare's should have produced antecedents such wonderful creations; and the world still wonders. There are many reasons and, to some minds, conclu sive proofs that Shakespeare never did write Whether be did or no, is not the prov ince of this paper, but merely to pre sent the reasons those doubting his authorship have for so doing. Let us then take up the works, and see what they indicate of the author. the works credited to him. The writer of the Shakesperian plays was undoubtedly one of the greatest, if not the greatest, student the world ever knew. Not only does this refer to a marvelous power of ob servation of man and nature, the abil ity to read human nature as an open book, and a keen insight into the po litical and religious institutions and methods of his time; but he must have been the deepest delver in book lore that ever breathed. All knowledge was alike to this wonderful man. He must have been thoroughly conversant with the German, Danish, French, Ital ian, Greek, Latin and Spanish lan guages, besides his native tongue, for the plats and motives of many of his plays were taken, some bodily, from works in those languages, which had not as yet been translated. For in stance, the plot of Hamlet is taken from Saxo-Grammaticus, a Dane, of whose works Whately says in 1748, "No translation hath yet been made." Richard Grant White has proved con clusively that the writer of Othello must have read Orlando Furioso in the original Italian. Again, the passage, ALWAYS ON TOP DAVIS & CO. 10-4— -Washington Ave. North- -104 OUR WINTER GOODS ARE NOW IN—WE WILL BE PLEASED TO SHOW THEM TO YOU. OVERCOATS, ULSTERS, BICYCLE OVERCOATS PEA JACKETS AND VESTS, SINGLE AND DOUBLE BREASTED MELTON SUITS ALL UP TO DATE. Also Full Line of . . . Furnishings and Hats "Who steals my purse steals trash," Was borrowed from Bern!, another Italian, of whom there is no transla tion today. Cymbelline is taken from Boccaccio. And so we may prove the same for the other languages. In a like manner, it could be proven that the writer of Shakespeare had an ex tended knowledge of law, while all readers of the works in question will not challenge the statement that the author was a profound philosopher. So much for the author as betrayed by his works. Let us now look at Shakes peare and his home. Knight says, "The people of Strat ford were densely ignorant. Out of nineteen aldermen, but six could write their names, and John Shakespeare (William Shakespeare's father) was not of that number." Halllwell Phil lips adds, "The whole family was illit erate, and in signing their names had to make their X marks. Even Shakes peare's daughter Judith could not read or write." Then Richard Grant White, a rabid Shakespearian, chimes in, say ing, "For book instruction, there was a free grammar school at Stratford where Shakespeare may have learned some Latin and Greek. Some English, too. but not 'much, for English was held in scorn by scholars of that day." We are sure his school days ended when he was sixteen years of age, though we have no proof that he ever attended school for an hour. At this age, he was apprenticed to a butcher. Another authority, Betterton, says he worked at the trade of his father. But be he either butcher or wool dealer, neither is likely to make much of a student of a man in a town where you cannot scrape together three dozen books. The next we hear of him he is in a beer drinking contest. At nine teen be marries a woman eight years his senior, and finally we hear of his being whipped for deer stealing. His exploits in the latter line make the neighborhood too warm for him, so he goes to London. At this stage, his great admirer, R. G. White, says: "Up to this time he (Shakespeare) had not seen half a dozen books other than his horn book, the Bible, and his Latin grammar." At London, according to tradition, he held horses before the theater. Then we hear of him as the prompter's "supe" at the theater, and finally he is given small parts on the stage. So far we find nothing in his career, at home or in London, likely to have made Shakespeare a student of the Greek, Latin, Frenc'h, Italian, Dan ish and Spanish languages; neither was there anything apparent to have inspired him with a love for legal, medicinal, musical, or philosophical re search. Upon such a foundation as is de scribed above, we find him shortly afterwards issuing plays which have Gome in and see us anyway BETTER BUTTER results from using better salt. "The Salt that's all Salt" makes poor butter better and good butter best. Salt your butter with Diamond Crystal Salt next time you churn and note the finer, more delicate flavor it will have. Sold everywhere in barrels (280 lbs.) and bags (56 lbs. ,28 lbs. and 14 lbs.) DIAMOND M ? Y « T AL SALT CO., teT. Cl.Aiit. MICH. been the wonder of the world. Was there ever a greater incongruity be tween the man and bis works? While we may ascribe a great part of the plays to natural genius, still natural genius does not explain away the vast that is amount of exact knowledge betrayed in the preparation of these plays, his knowledge of natural law, and his familiarity with the civil code, both of England and of other coun tries. Genius may sparkle in a beauti ful style, fine language, and elevated thought, but when a bookless man pre tends to speak six languages besides his own, we are at least surprised. Up to Shakespeare'Si death, we have no hint even of his possessing any books. To have written such a succes sion of masterpieces means, from their very nature, the author must have had access to an extensive library. Though the lesser lights of his as well as of other ages have considered their li braries as their most important be quests, yet Shakespeare's will does not .give any indication of his ever owning a book. He carefully bequeaths away his second best bed and his best boots, but his books, if he had any, are not mentioned. We may also pertinently enquire, What has become of the great mass of manuscript which the author musit necessarily possessed? There can not be found the slightest trace of any manuscript which has not been "proven a forgery. Though we have manuscripts of the lesser lights of his time, these, the most valuable of all, have never been unearthed. Why Should Shakespeare destroy them? have Again, if we take up the geography of the plays, the location of plots and scenes, we do not find any laid about Avon, or in fact in the whole county of Warwickshire, let alone Stratford. All 'writers unconsciously betray other their homes by the scenes described. Oan you imagine Burns without his Bonny Doon, Scott without his Scot tish scenes as Melrose Abbey, or Coop er without his sea and wood lands? Yet here is the greatest poet of the world, for whom Kent county and Yorkshire particularly St. Albans, have great attractions, while the beau- (Continued on page seven) How is This? ..SUITS.. MADE TO ORDER F0R $15*ooAND up Come in and examine our goods and get prices. They will astonish, you. Woodbury & Savao6, ao8 Washington Ave. South. IF YOU MAKE A **Mistake And get in the wrong place try Thompson 8c Van Buren for your next job of printing. IP YOU NEVER MADE A **Mistake s u re Be y o u ' re started r i g ht ( f or Thompson 8c V an Buren's) ahead. t h en go OTTAWA STREET EAST News from G r a d u a t es a nd S t u d e n t s. Official D i r e c t o r y. T HE M. A. C. R E C O RD FEBRUARY 2, 1897. Sunday Chapel Service—Preaching at 2:30 p. m. Y. M. C. A.—Holds regular meetings every T h u r s d ay evening at 6:30 and Sunday evenings at 7:30. S. H. Ful ton, President. C. W. Loomis, Cor. Secretary. Y. W. C. A. regular weekly meetings for all ladies on the c a m p us Tuesday evenings at 8 o'clock, in t he ladies' par lors. Meetings on Sunday evenings with the Y. M. C. A.; Miss E d i th F. McDermott, President; Miss Alice Georgia, Cor. Secretary. M. A. C. Grange—Meets every three weeks on Tuesday evening in t he Co lumbian Society rooms. Prof. C. D. Smith, Master. H. W. H a r t, Secretary. Society—Regular meeting second F r i d ay evening of each month in the chapel at 7:00. H. C. Skeels, President. W. R. Kedzie, Sec retary. N a t u r al History Botanical Club—Meets first and third F r i d ay of each month in the Botanical Laboratory at 6:30. T. Gunson, Presi dent. W. R. Kedzie, Secretary. Shakespeare every Wednesday evening. Dr. H o w a rd E d wards, President. Club—Meets M. A. C. Athletic Association—C. B. Laitner, President. G. B. Wells, Sec retary. Columbian Literary Society—Regular in meeting every S a t u r d ay evening their rooms the middle w a rd of Wells Hall, at 7:00. T. A. Chittenden, President. A. J. Weeks, Secretary. in Eclectic Society—Meets on fourth floor of Williams Hall every S a t u r d ay at 7:30 p. m. D. M. McElroy, Presi dent; T. H. Libbey, Secretary. F e r o n i an Society—Meets every Fri day afternoon at 1:00 in Hesperian rooms. Miss P e a rl Kedzie, President. Miss H a t t ie Chase, Secretary. Hesperian Society—Meetings held every S a t u r d ay evening in the society rooms in the west ward of Wells Hall at 7:00. A. T. Cartland, President. D. E. Hoag, Secretary. Olympic Society—Meets on fourth floor of Williams Hall every Saturday evening at 7:00. W. R. Goodwin, Presi dent. E. R. Russell, Secretary. Phi Delta Theta Fraternity—Meets on F r i d ay evening in chapter rooms in Wells Hall, at 7:00. H. A. H a g a d o r n, President. C. M. Krentel, Secretary. Society—Meetings held their hall every S a t u r d ay evening at 7:00. G. A. P a r k e r. Presi dent. A. E. Wallace, Secretary. Union Literary in T au Beta Pi Fraternity—Meets every two weeks on T h u r s d ay evening in the tower room of Mechanical Laboratory. G. A. P a r k e r, President. E. H. Sedg wick, Secretary. Club Boarding Association—I. L. Simmons, President. H. A. Dibble, Secretary. T ry and T r u st Circle of King's D a u g h t e rs — Meets a l t e r n a te Wednesday. Mrs. C. L. Weil, Presi dent. Mrs. J. L. Snyder, Secretary. every m MAUD s WIND MILL AND PUMP COMPANY, Manuf H c t u r e rs of CYCLONE PROOF CALVANIZED STEEL WIND MILLS AND "MAUD S" PUMPS, Lansing, Mich LOWEST PRICES Will be quoted to SCHOOL ... LIBRARIES... And others sendiDg lists of books wanted to Lansing Book & Paper Co., LANSING, MICH. F OR A N Y T H I NG IN HARDWARE, STOVES, TINWARE, 6RAIN3TE WARE, CUTLERY, ETC. I MH SUPPLY COMPANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN B e l t i n g, H o s e, I r on P i pe a nd F i t t i n g s, T u b u l ar W e ll S u p p l i e s, e t c. STATE AGENT FOB MAUD S PUMPS, LANSING, MICHIGAN Phone 192 New Phone 76 J. G. REUTTER 322 Washington Ave. South F r e sh AND S a lt M e a ts FINE CHICACO BEEF A SPECIALTY We are H e a d q u a r t e rs for all Kinds of Home- Mad e Sausage. TRY " ... Norton's Hardware 111 Washington Ave. S. ...COLLEGE BUS... ...My... Neckwear Stock Contains all the Latest Ideas as to Leaves M. A. C. for Lansing at 8:30 a. m. and 1:30 p. in. Returning, leaves Lans ing at 10:30 a. m. and 4:30 p. m. Packages prompt attention. left at Emery's will receive Livery or Bus for picnics at resonable rates. NEW PHONE H. O. P A L M ER SHAPE,, G0L0R AND PATTERN lower t he p r i ce a nd ever before. W o u ld p l e a s ed t h an be to h a ve y ou c o me in a nd see it. B E F O RE PUBCHASDSTG YOUR F A LL A ND W I N T ER HAT HAVE YOU FIVE OR MORE COWS ? If so a " Baby " Cream Separator will earn its cost for you every year. Why continue an inferior system a n o t h er year at so great a loss? Dairying is now t he only profitable feature of Agriculture. Properly con ducted it always pays well, and must pay you. You t he B E S T ,—t he need a Separator, and you need " Baby." All styles and capacities. Prices, g75. upward. Send for new 1894 Catalogue. THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., GENERAL OFFICES: 74 C O R T L A N DT S T R E E T. N EW Y O R K. to s h ow y ou A l l ow me to D a t e" s o me n a t ty " Up styles. N o t h i ng b ut relia ble q u a l i t i es find p l a ce in my s t o c k. STUDENT'S PATRONAGE SOLICITED. ELGIN MIFFLIN THE OUTFITTED. six a«d five dollar shoes *or gentlemen We are now closing all broken lots of fine English j Enamel, Patent Leather, Cordovan and Winter Russia' Shoes at the uniform price of THREE NINETY-FIVE a, pair. We do not agree to furnish all sizes and widths i in all of the kinds, as some are sold out, but what we1 have are yours at the price named. I C.D.WOODBURY 1 03 WASHINGTON AVENUE SOUTH*. R. B. A. Buck, '96, is at his home, Brighton, Mich. C. H. Palmer, with '99, is working in a land office at Yale, Mich. W. L. Cummings, '93, is t a k i ng post g r a d u a te work at t he U. of M. J. IJ. Sutherland, with 98sp, is enjoy ing his law studies at Ann Arbor. President Oscar Clute's house and contents burned to t he ground last F r i day evening. M. S. Gregory, with field for county schools. commissioner '92, is in t he of Benzie Emerson E. Vance, '84, Matherton, Ionia county, has been appointed as s i s t a nt secretary of the board of au ditors. E. D. P a r t r i d g e, 96m, Provo City, Utah, in renewing his subscription to t he RECORD, s a ys " we could not keep house without it." F r a nk T. Beaver, with '94, is assist a nt editor of t he Morning Record, South Bend, Ind., "is as full of life as ever and hopes to a t t e nd the reunion next fall." F r a nk J. F r e e, '88, w ho has been with Bement & Sons, Lansing, since graduating, has accepted a position the Gale M a n u f a c t u r i ng Co. of with Albion. N. U. Miller, with '85, who is now pastor of a Charlotte church, w as a caller in Lansing one day last week a nd w as inquiring after the welfare of M. A. C. t he College Dr. E. D. Millis, '82, of Webberville, called at last S a t u r d ay with a nephew who expects to enter the mechanical course. His son w as also with him. F. W. K r a m e r, with 97m, attended the military hop F r i d ay evening. He goes to Detroit next Monday to attend the meeting of t he Michigan Photog raphers Association. F i tz Roy Osborn, who w as a special '83, died at '82 a nd J a n u a ry 12, F u r t h er particulars we h a ve student here in Spokane, Washington, 1S97. been unable to learn. Will B. Kirby, with '84, of the firm of Gillet & Kirby, Lansing, h as blood- clot formation on t he spinal cord t h at paralyzes his lower limbs. He is at present undergoing t r e a t m e nt at Ann Arbor. To m a ke room for. political friends of t he "powers t h at be," both W. L. Rossman, '89, and R. E. Doolittle, '96, have stepped down the laboratory of the Dairy and Food Com missioner. out of and J. H. Brown, Climax, once a student here, now assistant editor of the Mich igan Farmer, was at M. A. C. the other day, accompanied by his son Paul, a bright little fellow whom he hopes to send to M. A. C. in a few years. J o hn W. Rittinger, '94, is the happy father of a girl. He writes, "Kather- ina Marie is five weeks old and bids to become a student in the wo fair men's course at M. A. C. some fifteen years from now. I hope to be able to attend t he triennial reunion n e xt fall and visit again those old familiar spots which a re so sacred in my memory." Clarence E. Smith, '84, of W a u k e g a n, t he College F r i d ay to 111., w as at interest in, t he president a w a k en the and some m e m b e rs of the faculty in the approaching b a n q u et of the alumni of Chicago a nd vicinity. He wishes a good representation from here. He and W. R. Rummler, '86, have bachelor quarters in W a u k e g an a nd a re in t he ^w and real estate business. FEBRUARY 2, 1897. T HE M. A. C. E E C O K D. Who Wrote Shakespeare 2 (Continued from page five.) tiful Avon, along which he must have played during all his boyhood, as not even mentioned. Another suspieous circumstance is that though Shakespeare was known to have been a very thrifty man, too thrifty to leave his name as untarnish ed as might be wished, still the author of these plays never took the trouble to copyright them. Though they were pirated right and left during his life, still he never tried to interfere, at least no court records give any indication of this, as 'they do of his prosecuting mien for such small debts as two shillings. AH the adduced facts give strength to the idea that instead of writing the works accredited to him, he was prob ably a mere figure-head, a mask to disguise the real author. to screen But you may ask, why should the author of such great creations try to disguise himself? The logical answer is that these productions, great as they are, are but cloaks that which is still greater and more import ant. Those denying Shakespeare's au thorship are looking for writings in cipher, greater than the plays and treasonable in character. Treason in those days .consisted in doing or telling anything which might displease Queen Elizabeth. If that be the case, it would have 'been dangerous to the au thor, and as dangerous to his works, to publish all his writings under his own name, for if the cipher were dis covered at time, his writings would have been suppressed and all his work gone for naught. This com the cipher somewhat, but plicates renders premature discovery impos sible. that Ever since the time of Shakespeare, men have been wondering, more or less, that a man in his circumstances could do such work, and up to the pres ent time several ciphers or keys to hid den writings within the plays have been offered for our inspection. An other fact re-enforcing the idea that cipher stories may exist lies in the fact that Shakespeare's was an age of ci phers. Much correspondence was then carried on by means of ciphers, though often so artfully concealed as to give no hint as to the presence of the cipher. Therefore if one does exist in Shakes peare, it is but the ordinary work of the time on a more extensive scale. As to the ciphers presented for our inspection, that of Ignatius Donnelly has served at least to arouse interest in the matter, though his has by no means been accepted. He claims to have discovered a history of Bacon's times concealed in the plays. How ever, his cipher is not as complete as might be wished, and though he has not convinced the world, be has set it thinking. One significant fact about the work of Donnelly is that be goes farther than the works of Shakespeare in saying that he who wrote these plays wrote those of Marlow as well. The latest decipherer, Dr. Mellville Owen, goes farther than Donnelly in declaring that Bacon, the real Shakes peare, wrote, besides his acknowl edged works, the complete works of Shakespeare, the plays of Marlow, all the works of Edhiund Spencer, in fact was the whole Elizabethan Age in lit erature excepting Milton. If the mind which produced Shakespeare was great, that capable of producing all these combined must have been colos sal. From the whole, Dr. Owen has deciphered some six volumes of poetry in blank verse, which give a history of England as seen from the inside, depicting the character of Queen Eliza beth as it has never been described be fore,—not the firm but gracious ruler, but rather as a fiend incarnate at times; showing us the inside of court life; telling us that Bacon himself was not the son of Nicholas Bacon as sup posed, but. the child of Queen Elizabeth and Lord Liiecester; in fact, giving us an insight into the history of that time such as no historian would dare write openly. As to whether or not Bacon actually wrote those plays and Shakespeare is an imposter, that is a matter of little moment so long as we have the works, unless there is more yet to be gained through the discovery of the real au thor. We do not care especially where the apples grew as long as we have the fruit. If, however, Dr. Owen's or any other decipherer's work is what it is claimed to be, and can be established as such, then is our knowledge and lit erature increased by just so much, and these old works will become a gold mine to both the student of history and the student of literature. Board of Agriculture. Hon. Franklin Wells, President . .. Constantine. Hon. Chas.W. Garfield. .Grand Rapids. St. Clair. Hon. Chas. F. Moore Hon. C. J. Monroe South Haven. Hon. Henry Chamber lain. Three Ooaks. Delhi Mills. Hon. W. E. Boyden Gov. Hazen S. Pingree .Ex Officio The President of the College. .Ex Officio Hon. I. H. Butterfield, Secy... Mich. Agr. College. Faculty and Other Officers. J. L. SNYDER, A. M., Ph. D., Presi dent. ROBERT C. KEDZIE, M. A., M. D., Professor of Chemistry, and Curator of the Chemical Laboratory. WILLIAM J. BEAL, M. S., Ph. D., Professor of Botany and Forestry, and Curator of the Botanical Museum. E. A. A. GRANGE, V. S., Professor of Veterinary Science. LEVI R. TAFT, M. S., Professor of Horticulture and Land scape Gardening, and Superintend ent of the Horticultural De partment. HOWARD EDWARDS, M. A., LL. D., Professor of English Literature and Modern Languages. HERMAN K. VEDDER, C. E., Professor of Mathematics and Civil Engineering. HARRY H. BANDHOLTZ, 2d Lieut. 6th Inf., U. S. A., Professor of Military Sciences and Tactics. I. H. BUTTERFIELD, Secretary. CLINTON D. SMITH, M. S. Professor of Practical Agriculture, and Superintendent of the Farm. CHAS. L. WEIL, S. B., Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Director of the Mechanical Department. WALTER B. BARROWS, S. B., Professor of Zoology and Physiology, and Curator of the General Museum. FRANK S. KEDZIE, M. S., Adjunct Professor of Chemistry. WILLIAM S. HOLDSWORTH, M. S., Assistant Professor of Drawing. PHILIP B. WOODWORTH, B. S., M. E. Assistant Professor of Physics. ALVIN B. NOBLE, B. Ph., Assistant Professor of English Litera ture and Modern Languages. CHARLES F. WHEELER, B. S., Assistant Professor of Botany. WILBUR O. HEDRICK, M. S., Assistant Professor of History and Po litical Economy. WARREN BABCOCK, Jr., B. S„ Assistant Professor of Mathematics. EDITH F. McDERMOTT, Professor of Domestic Economy and Household Science. MRS. LINDA E. LANDON, Librarian. H. W, MUMFORD, B. S. Assistant Professor of Agriculture. RUFUS H. PETTIT, B. S. A. Instructor in Zoology. A. L. WESTCOTT, B. M. E., Instructor in Mechanical Engineering. DICK J. CROSBY, B. S., Instructor in English. MERRITT W. FULTON, B. S., Instructor in Agriculture. BURTON O. LONGYEAR, Instructor in Botany CYRUS C. PASHBY, B. S., Instructor in Mathematics. GORDON H. TRUE, B. S., Instructor in Dairying. CHARLES E. MARSHALL, Ph. B,. Instructor in Bacteriology. H. E. SMITH, B. S. Instructor in Mechanical Engineering. K. L. BUTTERFIELD, B. S., Supt. Farmers' Institutes and College Field Agent. D. B. BALDWIN, Engineer. THOMAS GUNSON, Foreman of Greenhouse. F. C. KENNEY, Assistant Secretary. ERNEST WITTSTOCK, Foreman of the Farm. W. S. LEONARD, Foreman of Machine Shop. THOMAS DURKIN, Foreman of the Horticultural Depart ment. CHARLES E. HOYT, foreman of the Wood Shops and Foundry. E. S. GOOD, Clerk to President. CHACE NEWMAN, Clerk of Mechanical Department. Station Council. Clinton D. Smith, M. S Director and Agriculturist. Jonathan L. Snyder, Ph. D., Pres L. R. Taft, M. S Robert C. Kedzie, M. A., M. D Ex Officio. Horticulturist Ira. H. Butterfield, Chemist. Secretary and Treasurer. THE M. A. C. RECORD GOES TO EVERY* HIGH SCHOOL IN MICHIGAN. DO YOU WANT TO ADVERTISE SCHOOL SUPPLIES 9 • GLASSES.... i c - Fitted Free C. M. Dickson, M. D. First Floor—Hollister Block M. A. C. SPECIAL RATES ON PHOTOS AT SHARPSTEEFS STUDIO. New Grand Hotel EVERYTHING NEW S p e c i al R a t es to M. A. C. Boys R. RENNER, Proprietor The Farm Home Reading Circle OF T HE M I C H I G AN S T A TE AGRICUI/TURAIy C O I ^ E G E. THE AIM OF THE FARM HOME READING CIRCLE. The fundamental purpose of the Agri cultural College is to educate farmers' sons and daughters toward the farm and not away from it. She is doing this and in addition is making it possible for those who cannot afford a college course to become posted on agricultural topics through the Farm Home Reading Circle. One of the objects of the Farm Home Reading Circle is to recommend the best books for the farmer, gardener and stock breeder to read, and at the same time to furnish an opportunity for the farmer to buy reduced prices. those books at greatly The course of reading outlined has been prepared by men who are authority in their special lines. The books offered in the course are thought to be as good as can be secured at a reasonable figure. The privileges of the Farm Home Reading Circle are not limited as to age or occupation. Anyone who is a resi dent of Michigan may become a member. One of the most commendable features of this course of reading is that you can read alone. Y ou do n ot h a ve to o r g a n i se a s o c i e t y. M E M B E R S H IP COSTS N O T H I N G. ADVANTAGES TO MEMBERS OF THE FARM HOME READINC CIRCLE. 1. An opportunity to pursue a sys tematic course of reading under the direction and with the aid of all depart ments of the Michigan Agricultural College. 2. The publications of the Michigan State Experiment Station are mailed free to members of the Farm Home Reading Circle. 3. You can secure standard books at greatly reduced rates. 4. You not only secure the benefit yourself, but you get a certificate on the completion of each book which cannot fail to be a source of satisfaction to you. 5. You can receive a prompt answer to any question in regard to farm topics by applying to the college through the Secretary of the Farm Home Reading Circle. Full information in regard to how to join and the different courses offered will be furnished promptly upon appli cation to the secretary, H E R B E RT W. M U M F O R D, A g r i c u l t u r al C o l l e g e, M i c h. 8 T HE M. A. C. K E C O K D. FEBRUARY 2, 1897. G>^ jf» j$» Jp» Jf» Jf» J$* jfm Jf» Jf» J$» Jjv J$» jp. JJ> Jjv Jjv JJ>. jjv ^jv j^j THE TIME To get an education is now, while yon are young and . strong, while your mind is receptive, your memory retentive. W OW will never come again ; and altho' there may he diffi culties in the way, they are not likely to become less formidable if you go plodding on without preparation . . for vour lifers work. * * * r^4 «^p •fa "Jitf •Str *!illr Slip *fc *sip *ie •& *ie •& •$/• *&e •&• *&e *ie *fo *&e ^3 ^ * 2* X M m.\ \r I y /\ \gJ • Y is w h e re you c an g et t h o r o u gh TO GET AN EDUCATION AAAAM* t r a i n i ng a l o ng practical lines. Life is too s h o rt to s p e nd m u ch time in w e a v i ng fanciful t h e o r i e s. J^OI? THE YOUNG MAN w ho is ambitious to b e c o me a u s e- ful American citizen, s t r o ng a nd self-reliant, or ^rS»- <**£ <**£ <**£ <**£ <**£ <**£ gr JjE y£ THE YOUNG w ho would p r e p a re herself to wisely c o n d u ct t he affairs of a h o me — and t h e re a re no h i g h er ambitions—there c an be no better place t h an at WOMAN .. .The Michigan Agricultural College. The Fame of Our College Has Gone Abroad —^ O ur last Catalog s h o ws t h at WE HAVE S T U D E N TS FROM J A P A N, SIBERIA, S W E D E N, S C O T L A N D, ENGLAND, ARMENIA, Q U E B E C, ONTARIO, NOVA SCOTIA, ELEVEN S T A T ES AND T HE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA IN O UR COUNTRY, BESIDES F O R T Y- NINE C O U N T I ES IN MICHIGAN. We number among our post-graduate students, men and women from the University of Michigan, Amherst, Oberlin, Olivet, The State Normal, and many- other institutions of learning. J But oar most laudable pride is in the work our graduates are doing — they occupy positions of honor x and trust in all the walks of life, and their work is a proud monument to the training received here. WE HAVE THREE COURSES T he A G R I C U L T U R AL C O U R SE T he MECHANICAL C O U R SE "^TT^WOMEIN'S C O U R SE If you wish to k n ow m o re a b o ut t h e se c o u r s es you can g et o ur catalog by writing to — President J. L SNYDER, AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH.