From the Minutes of the Meeting of the State Board of Agriculture, March 17, 1956: AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE REGULATIONS OF SMOKING WITHIN THE CAMPUS OF MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY FOR THE BENEFIT AND PROTECTION OF PROPERTY AND LIVES. It appearing to the State Board of Agriculture that regulations of smoking within the campus of Michigan State University are essential for the protection of persons and property, now therefore it is ordained, pursuant to authority vested in said Board by the Constitution and Statutes of the State of Michigan, that: 1. Smoking is hereby prohibited: (a) In classrooms, lecture halls and teaching laboratories; (b) In barns and farm buildings except where specifically approved for smoking by the Director of Public Safety; (c) In and adjacent to all buildings used primarily for storage of combustible materials and/or flammable liquids; provided, however, that all buildings and areas other than classrooms shall be clearly posted as "No Smoking" areas. 2. Smoking is hereby permitted: (a) In private offices, conference rooms, non-teaching laboratories and such other buildings and areas as shall not be subject to actual hazard by reason thereof when so certified by the Director of Public Safety. 3. Violations of the foregoing sections shall be punishable as a misdemeanor in manner and form provided by the statutes of this State pertaining thereto. Approved by the State Board of Agriculture March 17, 1956. Effective March 17, 1956. ABANDONED PROPERTY ORDINANCE THIS IS AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE REGULATIONS FOR THE DISPOSITION OF ABANDONED PROPERTY WITHIN THE CAMPUS OF MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY. It appearing to the State Board of Agriculture that regulations for the disposition of abandoned property found on the Campus of Michigan State University are essential to the protection of the property of the institution and the control thereof and to obviate unnecessary and improper interference with University activities, the following ordinance is adopted pursuant to authority vested in said Board by the Constitution and statutes of the State of Michigan. Section 1. It shall be the duty of the Director of the Department of Public Safety of Michigan State University to maintain an accounting of all moneys, goods, wares and merchandise deposited in his office as lost or abandoned property which has been found within the Campus of said institution. On the first secu l ar day in the months of January and July in each year , said Director of the Department of Public Safety shall cause a notice of ail such property as shall remain unclaimed to be posted in four conspicuous places on said campus for three successive weeks to all persons interested or claiming such property. Provided, however, that if any of such goods, wares , merchandise or chattels shall be of a perishable nature or expensive to keep, then it shall be lawful for said Director of the Department of Public Safety to sell the same at pub i ic auction at such time and after such notice as shall to him and the State Board ~f Agriculture seem proper. Section 2. It shall be the duty of the Director of the Department of Public Safety aforesaid who may recover or obtain possession of any such property, on receiving satisfactory proof of ownership, to deliver such property to the owner thereof on payment of all necessary and reasonable expenses which may have been incurred in the recovering , preservation or sustenance of such property and the expense of advertising the same unless the University Attorney or the Prosecuting Attorney of the County of Ingham shall otherwise direct. Section 3. It shall be the duty of the Director of the Department of Public Safety as aforesaid to cause all property unclaimed after the expiration of the notice specified in Section 1, money excepted, to sell at public auction to the highest bidder, unless the Prosecuting Attorney of the County of Ingham shall direct that it shall remain unsold for a longer period to be used as evidence in the administration of justice; and the proceeds thereof shall be forthwith paid to the Controller's Office together with all money, if any, which shall remain in his hands after such notice as aforesaid, first deducting actual charges of said sale. Approved by the State Board of Agriculture December 16, 1955. Effective December 16, 1955. AN ORDINANCE TO PROHIBIT THE T.AKING OR REMOVAL OF BOOKS ;~ND EQUIPMENT FROM MICHIG,~N ST.\.TE UNIVERSITY PROPSRTY BE IT ORD:iINED BY THE STJ.TE ID!lRD OF :iGRICULTPRE: SECTION I The taking or removal of books or equipment owned or lawfully possessed by Michigan State University from the place where said books or equipment are now situated on the property of Michigan State University to places beyond the property of Michigan State University her eby is prohibited unless the taking or removal of said books or equipment shall have been previously authorized in writing by the President of Michigan State University or by the Office of the Secretar1r of Michigan State University. SECTION II The term 11books 11 as employed in this ordinance, in addition to its ordinarv meaning, shall be deemed to include all documents, maps, charts, photographs and drawings of every kind and description, provided, however, that this ordinanc e shall not be applicable to transactions whereby books are withdrawn from Michigan State University libraries pursuant to procedures now or hereafter established by said libraries for the lending of books. SECTION III The term 11 equipment 11 as employed in this ordinance shall be deemed to include all items of office equipment and materials, all items of equipment and materials utilized for the purpose of classroom instruction or laboratory instruction or in other operations of Michigan State University, and all items of furnishin gs and paraphenalia situated in a.n~r building on property owned by Michigan State University. SECTION IV The taking or removal of books and equipment contrary to the provisions of this ordinance is hereby declared to be a misdemeanor, and any person who shall be convicted of violating the provisions of this ordinance shall be punished in accordanc e with the provisions of J.,ct. 80, Public Acts of 1905 as amended. SECTION V The members of the Michigan State University Police Department are hereby directed to enforce the provisions of this ordinance. Adopte d by The State Board of Agriculture on the 18th day of October, 1951. Effective October 18, 1951. / \ ( AN ORDINANCE to regulate selling, hawking, peddling, vending and soliciting within the grounds of Michigan State College. Be it ordained by the State Board of Agriculture: Section 1. No person, firm, or corporation shall engage in the business of hawking, peddling, vending, selling or offering to sell any services, tickets, goods, wares, merchandise, drugs, fruits or vegetables, or take orders or make contracts for the purchase or delivery· thereof, or sell or offer for sale tickets for goods, wares, merchandise, or services, or solicit contributions or alms for any purpose, or in any manner whatsoever, within the grounds and buildings of Michigan State College without having first obtained therefor written permission from the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture. Said permission shall be for a period to be fixed by the said Secretary when issuing same and may be revoked by said Secretary at any time with or without cause shown. Section 2. Any person violating any of the provisions of this ordinance shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine not exceeding Fifty Dollars ($50.00) or by imprisonment in the County jail for a period nf not less than 10 days nor more than 60 days. Approved by the State Board of Agriculture March 8, 1939. Effective March 8, 1939. G;lOTJi'WS 01.DnTANCE rf(CHIGAN STAIB mn·nn.,'3I'I'Y BE IT ORDAii'JED BY 'ffil~ ST/,T~ BOAnD Ofi' AGRICTJLTU'U::: PART I 11-r.;;()TT :rmm ow:;; T)J.ENCE TO 0 RDill ANCE It shall be a misdemeanor for any person to do any act contrary to the provisions of this ordinance or to fail to perform any act required by this ordinance. Any person violating any of the provisions of this ordinance, upon conviction thereof, shall be subject to the penal ties provided by Act 80, Public Acts of 1905 as amended. PART II APPLICATIONOFORDil'JANCE The provisions of this ordinance shall be applicable to all property of Michigan State University situated in the County of Ingham except where a more restrictive application is specifically set forth herein. Wherever the masculine gender is used herein the same shall be construed as including the feminine gender unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. PART III PLAFT MA.TEHIALS NO PERSON shall: v' (1) break or cut branches or flowers or fruit, or otherwise mutilate, any tree or shrub or herbaceous plant, or remove plant identification tags; ./ ( 2) remove any tree or shrub or plant material from the Michigan State University campus without written authorization from the office of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture; v (3) drive any vehicle or ride a horse upon any grassed area on the M:i.chigan State University canq:ius, the housing areas and the farms not specifically posted as a parking area or a bridle path. ) NO PERSON sha.11: PART IV SIGNS (1) erect or display on Michigan State University property any sign or poster advertising any commercial product; (2) erect or display, except on bulletin boards erected by Michigan State University, any sign or poster advertising any person or activity of the students or staff of Michigan State University unless the erection or display of such sign or poster has been authorized in writing by the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture. (3) efface, destroy, or remove any sign or inscri ption on any building or sign board or sign post authorized and erected by Michigan State University; (4) attach any sign or poster to nichigan State University buildings, bridges, lam1J posts, trees or shrubs, or cau.se the same to be driven into or placed upon the turf or the ground; \ (5) float any sign in any manner on the Red Cedar River contiguous to Michigan State University property. PART V BIRD & WILD FOWL SANCTUARY ' · ~ichigan State University campus and farms are designated as a wildlife and bird sanctuary and the shooting or taking or molesting of birds or wildlife is prohibited. PART VI PICNICKING MillCAMPING NO PERSON shall: (1) picnic on Michigan State University property in aI'eas not designated and posted as picnic areas; (2) set a camiJfire or bonfire on Michigan State University property wi. thout written approval from the office of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture, except in designated picnic areas. J PART VII BOATI NG ON TEE RED CED.AR RIVER NO PERSON shall operate a motorboat or a boat propelled by an outboard motor on the Red Cedar River contiguous to Michigan. State University property. PART VIII CONTROL O.F DOGS P .. 1\J'D CATS (1) No person owning a dog or who has a dog in his possession or under his control shall permit such animal to be upon the property of Michigan State University without a leash suitably attached to said animal so as to restrain its movements unless said animal is confined within a suitable enclosure sufficient to restrain its moveroonts to the area of said enclosure. (2) The purposeful breeding of dogs and cats is hereby prohibited except where such breeding is an activity carried on pursuant to academic study and subject to the direction and control of members of Michigan State University faculty. PA.'tT IX GENERAL NO PERSON shall: State University property; (1) deposit, dump or otherwise dispose of refuse of any kind on Michigan (2) mutilate, remove, damage or destroy any lamp or lamp post; (3) remove any soil, plant material, construction material, or equipment from Michigan State University property without written authorization from the office of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture; (4) possess or use air guns or firearms on Michigan State University property. . (5) fly model airplanes in areas not designated for that purpose by the office ·of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture; (6) possess or use intoxicating licy.wrs on Michigan State University property. PART X ENFORCEHENT It shall be the duty of the officers of Michigan State University Police Department and such other officers as may be assigned by the Chief of Police to enforce the provisions of this ordinance. PART XI SEVERING PROVISION If any provision of this ordinance or part thereof shall be adjudged invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such adjudication shall not affect the validity of this ordinance as a whole or any provision or part thereof not so adjudged invalid. Adopted by the State Board of Agriculture on the 17th day of May, 1951. Effective July 1, 1951. ( CERTIFICATION I HEREBY CERTIFY that a Traffic Ordinance to Provide Regulations and Control of the Use of Streets, Highways and Property within the Campus of Michigan State University and for the Benefit and Protection of its Property and the Conducting of University Business was passed by the Boa:d of Trustees at a meeting duly called and held at East Lansing. Michigan, on the 18th day of September, 1959, at which a quorum was present and voted, and that said Ordinance is duly recorded in the minute books of the Board of Trustees and is still in force and effect. October a, 1959 \ TRAFFIC ORDINANCE AN ORDINANCE TO PROVIDE REGULATIONS AND CONTROL OF THE USE OF STREETS, HIGHWAYS AND PROPERTY WITHIN THE CAMPUS OF MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY AND FOR THE BENEFIT AND PROTECTION OF ITS PROPERTY AND THE CONDUCTING OF UNIVERSITY ACTIVITIES. It appearing to the Board of Trustees of Michigan State University of Agriculture and Applied Science that regulations for control of the use of streets, highways, and property on the campus of Michigan State University are essential to protect said property and the control thereof, and to·obviate unnecessary and improper interference with University activities, the follow• ing ordinance is adopted effective the , 19...a,2., pursuant to authority vested in said Board by the Constitution and Statutes of the State of Michigan. day of September 21st (9137) { TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I• DRIVER'S RIGHTS AND DUTIES Article A - Traffic-Control Signals; Right of Way and Stops •••••••••••••••• .. ••••••••••••••• Required •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 1. Traffic-Control Signals (legend) ••••••••••••• Section 2. Signal Indicating Approach of Train (Stop Required ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 3. Stop Signs ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 4. Emerging from Alley, Private Road or Driveway ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section s. Obstructing Intersection •••••••••••••••••~••• Section 6. Passing Stopped Vehicle at Intersection •••••• Section 7. Right of Way (At Intersection) ••••••••••••••• Article B - Driving on Roadway• Following, Overtaking and Passing ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• a. Drive on Right Side of Roadway - Exceptions Section •• Section 9. Following Too Closely •••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 10. Following Fire Apparatus Prohibited •••••••••• Section 11. Passing Vehicles Proceeding in Opposite Section 12. Overtaking and Passing on Left of Another Directions ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 13. Overtaking and Passing on Right of Another Vehicle •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 14. Limitations on Privilege of Overtaking and Vehicle •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 15. Section 16. Article C - Turning Movements Passing_ ................. • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Driving on Three•Lane Roadway •••••••••••••••• Driving on One-Way Streets, Alleys and Rotary Traffic Islands ••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 17. Signals for Turning •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 18. Position for Turning ••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 19. Signs Limiting Turn •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Article D • Speed Regulations ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 20. Careful, Prudent, Prima Facie Speed •••••••••• Section 21. School Bus; Overtaking, Meeting and Passing l 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 Stopped Bus. Signs on Bus ••••••••••••••••••• Article E • Parking ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 22. Method of Standing, Stopping and Starting •••• Section 23. Prohibitions (No Signs Required) ••••••••••••• Section 24. Prohibitions and Restrictions (Signs Required ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 25. Prohibitions for Certain Purposes •••••••••••• Section 26. Alley ••••••e••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 27. Metered Parking Zones •••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 28. Loading and Unloading Only ••••••••••••••••••• ••••• Section 29. Prima Facie Evidence• Parking Violators Article F • Miscellaneous Rules ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 30. Driver's License ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 31. License Plates ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 32. Reckless Driving ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 i (9137) ( CHAPTER Section 33. Section 34. Section 35. Section 36. Section 37. Section 38. Section 39. Section 40. Section 41. Section 42. Section 43. Section 44. Section 45. Section 46. Section 47. Section 48. Section 49. Section 50. Section 51. Section 52. Section 53. Drivers to Exercise Due Care ••••••••••••••••• Driving While Under the Influence of •••.•••••••••••••••••••••• Intoxicants or Drugs Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles •••••••••• Skis, Sleds, Animals and Animal-Drawn Vehicles ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Driving Through Funeral or Other Procession •• Permits Required for Parades, Processions, and Sound Trucks ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Backing •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••• Vehicles Shall Not Be Driven on a Sidewalk Driving Through Safety Zones Prohibited •••••• Drive Within Marked Traffic Lane ••••••••••••• Splashing •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Leaking or Spilling •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Crossing Fire Hose ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Coaster, Roller Skates and Similar Devices Restricted ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Clinging to Vehicles ••••••••••••••••••••••••• Boarding or Alighting From Vehicles •••••••••• Restrictions on Trucks and Commerical Vehicles upon Use of Streets ••••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••• Lamp or Flag on Projecting Load Obstruction to Driver's View or Driving Mechanism •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Equipment •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••• Size, Weight and Load II• PEDESTRIAN'S RIGHTS AND DUTIES •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 54. Pedestrians Subject to Traffic-Control Section 55. Section 56. Section 57. Section 58. Section 59. Section 60. Signals •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Pedestrians to Use Right Half of Crosswalk ••• Crossing Roadway at Right Angles ••••••••••••• Crossing at Other Than Crosswalks •••••••••••• Walk on Left Side of Roadway ••••••••••••••••• ••••• Pedestrians Soliciting Rides or Business White Canes •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• CHAPTER III• BICYCLISTS• RIGHTS AND DUTIES Section 61. Section 62. Section 63. Section 64. Section 65. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Definitions •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Registration of Bicycles and Issuance of Permits for the Operation Thereof •••••••••••• Required Equipment for Bicycles •••••••••••••• Regulations for the Operation of Bicycles •••• Bicycle Parking Regulations •••••••••••••••••• CHAPTER IV • ACCIDENTS Section 66. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Duty to Stop at Scene of Accident Involving Death or Personal Injuries or Damage to Vehicles ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ii (9137) 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 18 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 23 24 24 24 Section 67. Section 68. Section 69. Section 70, Section 71, Section 72. Section 73. Duty to Give Information and Render Aid •••••• Duty to Report Accidents Immediately ••••••••• When Driver Unable to Report ••••••••••••••••• Duty upon Striking Unattended Vehicle •••••••• Duty upon Striking Fixtures on a Street or Roadway ••••••••••••·~··•••••••••••••••••••••• Garages to Report •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Accident Reports Confidential •••••••••••••••• CHAPTER V • ADMINISTRATION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 74. Traffic Engineer• Office and Duties ••••••••• Section 75. Traffic Engineer or Chief of Police• Section 76. Unauthorized Display of Signst Signals or Authority •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Section 77. Section 78, Section 79. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Markings Damage to Traffic-Control Devices •••••••••••• Police Department - Traffic Duties ••••••••••• Enforcement Officials - Authority •••••••••••• CHAPTER VI• APPLICATION Section 80. Section 81. Section 82, ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Compliance Required •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Exceptions - Authorized Emergency Vehicles ••• •••••••••••••••••••• Preferential Right of Way 25 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 30 31 31 35 37 37 37 38 iii (9137) CHAPTER I• DRIVER'S RIGHTS AND DUTIES ARTICLE A• TRAFFIC•CONTROL SIGNALS; RIGHT OF WAY AND STOPS REQUIRED. Section 1. Traffic-Control Signals (legend). Whenever traffic is con• trolled by traffic-control signals, exhibiting the words "Go", "Caution .. , or "Stop .. , or exhibiting different colored lights successively one at a time, or with arrows, the following colors shall be used and said terms and lights shall indicate and apply to drivers of vehicles and pedestrians as follows: a. Green alone or "Go11 • (1) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceed straight through or turn right or left unless a sign at such place prohibits either such turn. But vehicular traffic, includ• ing vehicles turning right or left, shall yield the right of way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time such signal is exhibited. (2) Pedestrians facing the signal may proceed across the roadway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk. b. Yellow alone or "Caution" when shown following the green or "Go" signal. (1) Vehicular traffic facing the signal shall stop before enter• ing the nearest crosswalk at the intersection, but if such stop cannot be made in safety, a vehicle may be driven cautiously through the intersection. (2) Pedestrians facing such signal are hereby advised that there is insufficient time to cross the roadway, and any pedestrian then starting to cross shall yield the right of way to all vehicles. c. Red alone or "Stop". (1) Vehicular traffic facing the signal shall stop before enter• ing the nearest crosswalk at an intersection or at such other point as may be indicated by a clearly visible line and shall remain standing until green or "Go" is shown alone. (2) No pedestrian facing such signal shall enter the street unless he can do so safely and without interfering with any vehicular traffic. d. Red with arrow. (1) Green arrow (steady): Vehicular traffic facing such signal may cautiously enter the intersection only to make the move• ment indicated by such arrow but shall yield the right of way to pedestrians lawfully within a crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection. (91:,7) 2. (2) Red arrow (flashing): When a red arrow is illuminated by rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk at an intersection or at a limit line when marked and shall then be privileged to make the movement indicated: Provided, that no interference is offered pedestrians or vehicles lawfully on the street. (3) No pedestrian facing such signal shall enter the street unless he can do so safely and without interfering with any vehicular traffic. e. In the event a traffic-control signal is erected and maintained at a place other than an intersection, the provisions of this section shall be applicable except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Any stop required shall be made at a sign or marking on the pavement indicating where the stop shall be made at the signal. £. Pedestrian walk and wait signals. Whenever special pedestrian• control signals exhibiting the words "Walk", "Don't Walk" or "Wait" are in place such signals shall indicate as follows: (1) "Walk". Pedestrians facing such signal may proceed across the roadway in the direction of the signal and shall be given the right of way by the drivers of all vehicles. (2) "Don't Walk" or "Wait". No pedestrian shall start to cross the street in the direction of such signal but any pedestrian who has partially completed his crossing on the "walk" signal shall proceed to a sidewalk or safety island while the "don't walk" or "wait" signal is showing. g. Flashing red or yellow signals. Whenever flashing red or yellow signals are used they shall require obedience by vehicular traffic as follows: (1) Flashing red (stop signals). When a red lens is illuminated by rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk at an intersection or at a limit line when marked and the right to proceed shall be subject to the rules applicable after making a stop at a stop sign. (2) Flashing yellow (caution signal). When a yellow lens is illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles may proceed through the intersection or past such signal only with caution. Section 2. Signal Indicating Approach of Train (Stop Required). a. Whenever any person driving a vehicle approaches a railroad grade crossing under any of the circumstances stated in this section, and a sign is erected notifying driver of vehicles upon any such highway to come to a complete stop before crossing such railway ( ( ( 9137) ( 3. tracks, the driver of such vehicle shall stop within fifty feet but not less than ten feet from the nearest rail of such railroad, and shall not proceed until he can do so safely. The foregoing requirements shall apply when: (1) A clearly visible and positive signal gives warning of the immediate approach of a railway train or car; (2) A crossing gate is lowered or when a flagman gives or con• tinues to give a signal of the approach or passage of a railroad train; (3) A railroad train approaching within approximately fifteen hundred feet of the highway crossing emits a signal audible from such distance and such railroad train, by reason of its speed or nearness to such crossing, is an immediate hazard; (4) An approaching railroad train is plainly visible and is in hazardous proximity to such crossing. b. No person shall drive any vehicle through, around, or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad grade crossing while such gate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed. Section 3. Stop Signs. When stop signs are erected at or near the entrance to any intersection, every driver of a vehicle shall stop such vehicle at such sign or at a clearly marked stop line, except when directed to proceed by a police officer or traffic-control signal and shall proceed into the intersection only when such movement can be made in safety and without interfering with other traffic. Section 4. Emerging from Allev. Private Road or Drivewax. The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from an alley, private road or drive• way shall come to a full stop and yield right of way to all vehicles or pedes• trians approaching on said highway so close to such point of entry as to constitute an immediate hazard. Sections. Obstructing Intersection. Notwithstanding any traffic-control signal indication or other right to proceed, no driver shall enter an inter• section or a marked crosswalk unless there is sufficient space on the other side of the intersection or crosswalk to accommodate his vehicle without obstruct• ing or blocking the passage of other vehicles or pedestrians. Section 6. Passing Stopped Vehicle at Intersection. Whenever any vehicle is stopped at a marked crosswalk or at any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection to permit a pedestrian to cross the roadway, the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear shall not overtake and pass such stopped vehicle. Section 7. Right of Way. (At Intersection) a. When two vehicles enter an open intersection at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right of way to the vehicle on the right. The driver of any \ (9137) ( 4. vehicle traveling at an unlawful speed aha11 forfeit arr, right of way which he might otherwise have hereunder. · b. The driver of a vehicle within an intaraection intending to turn to the left shall yield the right of way to any vehicle approach• ing from the oppo1ite direction which ia within the intersection or so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard, but said driver having ao yielded and having given a aignal when and a, required by this ordinance, may make auch left turn and the driver• of all other vehicles approaching the interaection from aaid opposite direction ahall yield the right of way to the vehicle making the left turn; provided, that at an intersection at which a traffic signal ia located, a driver intending to make a left turn shall permit vehicles bound straight through in the ·•pposite direction which are waiting a go aignal to pass thro.ugh the intersection before making the turn. c. When the intersection ta deaignated as a "Yield Right of Way" intersection, the driver of a vehicle approaching aaid sign shall slow to a reasonable speed for existing conditions of traffic and Yiaibility, yielding the right of way to all vehicles on the intersecting street or highway which have entered the intersection or are so close as to conatitute an immediate bazar4. If a driver is involved in a collision at an intersection or interfere• with the movement of other vehicles after failure t• heed and driving past a ''Yield Right of Way" sign, auch collision or interference shall be deemed prim,a facie EtVidence of th, 4river'a failu,;e tq yield right of way. ARTICLE B • DRIVING ON ROADWAY• FOLLOWING, OVERTAKING AND PASSING. Sections. Drive on Right Sidf of Roadway• Exceptions. a. Up9n all roadway• -of sufficient width a vehicl1t shall be driven ~P°'~ the right h,it ~f th• rq~dway, and on highways ~ith fou,r ~r more lanes, wit;hin the extrcm- right hand lane, except as foUowa: (1) When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction under the rules governing such movement; (2) When the right half of a roadway is closed to traffic while under construction or repair; (3) Up.on a r.p~dway c1iv.i4e,d iAtO t:.i!~e.e la~e.- fOI' ttaffic u~r the rules applicable thereon; or (4) Upon a roadway designated and signposted for one-way traffic. Section 9. Following Too_9losely. The driver of a motor vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such vehicles, and the traffic upon and the condition of the atreeta. ( Section 10. Following Fire Apparatus Prohibited. The driver of any vehicle other than an authorized emergency vehicle on official business shall not follow any fire apparatus traveling in response to a fire alarm closer than five hundred feet or drive into or park such vehicle within five hundred feet where fire apparatus has stopped in answer to a fire alarm. s. Section 11. Passing Vehicles Proceeding in Opposite Directions. Drivers of vehicles proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other to the right, and upon roadways having width for not more than one line of traffic in each direction each driver shall give to the other at least one•half of the main•traveled portion of the roadway as nearly as possible. Section 12. Overtaking and Passing on Left of Another Vehicle. a. The following rules shall govern the overtaking and passing of vehicles proceeding in the same direction, subject to those limitations, exceptions, and special rules hereinafter stated: (1) The driver of any vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceed• ing in the same direction shall pass at a safe distan~e to the left thereof, and when safely clear of such overtaken vehicle shall take up a position as near the right-hand edge of the main-traveled portion of the highway as is practicable. (2) Except when overtaking and passing on the right is permitted, the driver of an overtaken vehicle shall give way to the right in favor of the overtaking vehicle on audible signal and shall not increase the speed of his vehicle until com• pletely passed by the overtaking vehicle. Section 13. Overtaking and Passing on Right of Another Vehicle. a. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass upon the right of another vehicle only under the following conditions: (l) When the vehicle overtaken is making or about to make a left turn; (2) Upon a street or highway with unobstructed pavement not occupied by parked vehicles of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles in each direction and when such vehicles are moving in substantially continuous lanes of traffic. (3) Upon a one•way street, or upon any street or highway on which traffic is restricted to one direction of movement, where the street or highway is free from obstructions and of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles and when such vehicles are moving in substantially continuous lanes of traffic. b. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting such movement in safety. the pavement or. main-traveled portion of the roadway. In no event shall such movement be made by driving off Section 14. Limitations on Privilege of Overtaking and Passing. ( a. No vehicle shall be driven to the left side of the center of a two-lane (or any multiple thereof) highway or in the center lane of a three- or five•lane highway in overtaking and passing another 6. vehicle proceeding in the same direction unless such left side or center lane is clearly visible and is free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to permit such overtaking and passing to be completely made without interfering with the safe operation of any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction or any vehicle overtaken. The foregoing limitation shall not apply upon a one•way roadway, b. It shall be unlawful to overtake or pass any vehicle in a desig• nated no passing zone. Section 15. Driving on Three-Lane Roadway, Upon a roadway which is divided into three lanes a vehicle shall not be driven to the left of the center lane except when making a left turn and shall not be driven in the center lane except when overtaking and passing another vehicle where the roadway is clearly visible and such center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance, or in preparation of a left turn or where such center lane is at the time allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the direction the vehicle is proceeding and is signposted to give notice of such allocation. Section 16. Driving on One-Way Streets, Alleys and Rotary Traffic Islands. Vehicular traffic shall move only in the indicated direction upon those streets and parts of streets and in those alleys and in those roadways around rotary traffic islands where s i gns have been erected indicating traffic shall move in only one direction. A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall be driven only to the right of such island. ARTICLE C • TURNING MOVEMENTS. Section 17. Signals for Turning. a. The driver of any vehicle upon a street before starting, stopping or turning from a direct line shall first see that such movement can be made in safety and shall give a signal as required in this section. b. The signal herein required shall be given either by means of the hand and arm in the manner herein specified, or by a mechanical or electrical signal device which conveys an intelligible signal or warning to another driver approaching from the rear. Whenever the signal is given by means of the hand and arm, the driver shall indicate his intention to turn by extending the band and arm horizontally from and beyond the left side of the vehicle. Section 18. Position for Turning. a. The driver of a vehicle intending to turn at an intersection, alley or driveway shall do so as follows: (1) Both the approach for a right turn and a right turn shall be made as close as practicable to the right•hand curb or edge of the roadway. ( (9137) 7. (2) Approach for a left turn shall be made in that portion of the right half of the roadway nearest the center line thereof and after entering an intersection the left turn shall be made so as to leave the intersection to the right of the center line of the roadway being entered. (3) Approach for a left turn from a two•way street into a one-way street shall be made in that portion of the right half of the roadway nearest the center line thereof and by passing to the right of such center line where it enters the inter• section. A left turn from a one-way street into a two-way street shall be made by passing to the right of the center line of the street being entered upon leaving the intersec• tion. (4) Where both streets or roadways are one-way, both the approach for a left turn and a left turn shall be made as close as practicable to the left-hand curb or edge of the roadway. Section 19. Signs Limiting Turn. When pavement markers, signs or signals placed within or adjacent to intersections require and direct that a different course from that specified in this article be traveled by vehicles turning at an intersection, no driver of a vehicle shall turn a vehicle at such an intersection other than as directed and required by such markers, signs, or signals; and then only when such movement can be made in safety and without interfering with other traffic. ARTICLED• SPEED REGULATIONS. Section 20. Careful. Prudent, Prima Facie Speed. a. No person shall drive a vehicle on a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions than existing. b. Where no special hazard exists, the following speeds shall be prima facie lawful, but any speed in excess of said limits shall be prima facie evidence that the speed is not reasonable or pru• dent and is unlawful; (1) 25 miles per hour in any school district; (2) 15 miles per hour in any residence district; (3) Any other number of miles per hour when and as posted. c. The fact that the speed of a vehicle is lower than the foregoing prima facie limits shall not relieve the driver from the duty to decrease speed when approaching and crossing an intersection, when approaching and going around a curve, when approaching a hill crest, when traveling upon any narrow or winding roadway, or when special hazards exist with respect to pedestrians or other traffic or by reason of weather or highway conditions, and speed shall be decreased as may be necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle or other conveyance on or entering the highway in compliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care. (91~7) a. d. In every charge of violation of the provision of this section, by driving a vehicle in excess of the applicable speed limits speci• fied under subsection b of this section, the complaint, and also the sUDJDOns or notice to appear, shall specify the speed applic• able within the district or at the location, and in the event charges shall also be made of violation of any other provisions of this act, the complaint and the summons or notice to appear shall also specify such other offense alleged to have been committed. Section 21. School Bus; Overtaking, Meeting and Passing Stopped Bus, Signs on Bus. a. The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake or meet and past any school bus which has stopped for the purpose of receiving or discharging passengers. All school busses shall contain such signs on the back and front thereof, with respect thereto, as shall be approved by the State Highway Commissioner. b. The driver of a vehicle overtaking or meeting any school bus which has stopped for the purpose of receiving or discharging any passenger shall bring such vehicle to a full stop at least 10 feet from the school bus and shall not proceed until the school bus resumes motion or the school bus driver signals to proceed or the visual signals are no longer actuated. The driver of the school bus, before resuming motion, shall signal stopped traffic to pro• ceed and shall when resuming motion proceed in such a manner as to allow congested traffic to disperse by keeping the bus as near to the right side of the road as can be done with safety. Passengers crossing the road upon being discharged from a school bus shall cross in front of the stopped school bus. At an intersection where traffic is controlled by an officer or a traffic stop and go signal a vehicle need not be brought to a full stop before passing any such school bus, but may proceed to pass such school bus at a speed not greater than is reasonable and proper and in no event greater than 10 miles an hour and with due caution for the safety of the passengers being received or discharged from such school bus. c. No school bus driver shall stop his bus upon the highway for the purpose of receiving or discharging passengers unless such bus is clearly visible in a stopped position to approaching or overtaking drivers of vehicles for a distance of at least 500 feet. d. The driver of a vehicle upon any highway which has been divided into two roadways by leaving an intervening space, or by a physical barrier, or clearly indicated dividing sections so con• structed as to impede vehicular traffic, need not stop upon meet• ing a school bus which has stopped on the roadway across the dividing space, barrier, or section. e. Every school bus shall, in addition to any other equipment and distinctive markings required by law, be equipped with signal lamps mounted as high and widely spaced laterally as practicable (9137) ( 9. which shall be capable of displaying to the front two alternately flashing red lights at the same level and to the rear two alter nately flashing red lights located at the same level. The red lights shall be no less than 6 inches in diameter and shall have sufficient intensity to be visible from a distance of at least 500 feet in normal sunlight and shall be actuated by the driver of the said school bus whenever but only ' whenever said vehicle is stopped or is about to stop for the purpose of receiving or discharging school children. ARTICLE E - PARItice on illegally parked vehicle.., Whenever any mot officers of the police department may direct traffic as conditions may require notwithstanding the pro• visions of the Traffic Ordinance. (2) Members of the fire department, when at the scene of a fire, may direct o~ assist the po~ice in directing traffic thereat or in the immediate vicinity. b. Inspect vehicles. Any police officer is hereby authorized on reasonable grounds sho~m to stop any motor vehicle and inspect the same, and if any defects in equipment are found, to arrest the driver. (9137) ( c. Impound vehicles. (1) Members of the police department are hereby authorized to remove a vehicle from a street, highway or parking area to the nearest garage or other place of safety, er to a ga.::aga designated or maintained by the police department, under the circumstances hereinafter enumerated. 36. (a) When any vehicle is left unattended upon any bridge, viaduct or causeway, or subway where such vahicle con• stitutes an obet~uction to traffic. (b) When a vehicle upon a highway is so disabled as to constitute an obstruction to traffic and the person or persons in charge of the vehicle are by reas~n of physical injul--y incapacitated to such an extent as to be unable to provide for its custody or removal. (c) When any vehicle is left unattended upon a street and is so parked illegally as to constitute a definite hazard or obstruction to the normal movement of traffic. (d) When a vehicle is found being driven upon the streets and is not in proper condition to be driven. (e) When a vehicle is left unattended upon a street con tinuously for more than for·ty•eight hours and may be presumed to be abandoned. (f) When the driver. of such vehicle is taken into custody by the police department and such vehicle would thereby be left unattended upon the street. (g) When removal is necessary in the interest of public safety because of fire, flood, storm, snow or other emergency reason. (h) When any vehicle is left unattended in any parking area under such circumstances as to be presumed to be abandoned. d. Request accident reportsG The police department may require any driver of a vehicle involved in an accident to file written reports and supplemental reports concerning said accident, when• ever the original information is insufficient in the opinion of the police depart~ent, and may require witnesses of such acci• dents to render reports to the police department~ Every accident report required to be made in writing shall be made on a form approved by said Commissioner of State Police where such form is available. ( (9137) 37. ~1_ER VI• APPLICATION Section 80. Compliance Re9.~jrede a. It is a violation of this ordinance for any person to do any act forbidden, or fail to perform any act required in this ordinance. b. No person shall wilfully fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or direction of any police officer or member of the fire d$partment at the scene of a fire who is under this ordinance vested with authority to direct, control or regulate traffice c. The parent of any chC.d and the gua:t'dian of any ward shall not authorize or kncwingly permit any such child or ward to violate any of the provisions of this ordinance. d. The regulations applicable to bicycles shall apply whenever a bicycle is operated upon any street or upon any path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles, subject to those exceptions stated herein. Section 81. Exceptions• Aut,horized Emergency Vehicle. a. The driver of any authorized emergency vehicle when respond~.ng to an emergency call, but not while returning therefrom, may exeT cise the privileges set forth in this section, but subject to the conditions herein stated. b$ The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle may: (1) Park or stand, it-respective of the provisions of this ordinance; (2) Proceed past a red or stop signal or stop sign, but only after slowing down as may be necessary for safe operation; (3) Exceed the prima facie speed limits so long as he does not endanger life or property; (4) Disregard regulations governing direction of movement or turning in specified directions. c. The exemptions herein granted to an authorized emergency vehicle shall apply only when the driver of any said vehicle while in motion sounds audible signal by bell, siren or eJchaust whistle as may be reasonably necessary, and when the ·vehicle is equipped with at least one lighted lamp displaying a flashing, oscillating or rotating red light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of 500 feet to the front of such vehicle, except that an authorized emergency vehicle operated as a police vehicle need not be eequpped with or display a red light visible from in front of the vehicle. ( (9137) ( d. The provisions of this ordinance shall not apply to pgzscns, teams, motor vehicles and other equipment while actually engaged in work upon the surface of a street but shall appl~, to such per• sons and vehicles when tr ave ling t ::> or from such worko Section 82. Pr_g~.!:..!!.L!;f.ght of Wf!.-:b a. Upon the immediate appxoach of an authorized emergency vehi.cle eqv..ipr,ed with at least one lighted flashing, rotating or os::illat• ing 1s-n1p e::d1ibiti:ng red light visible under normal atmospheric e:~uditions fa(:,m a. dista11ce of 500 feet to the front of such veh:i.cle 1 ai1d when the dri;;3r is giving audible signal by sireu, exhaust whi3Cle er bellr, the d:·ive:r of every oth~~r vehicle shall yield the right of way and shall inunediately drive to a position parallel t ,.,, and as close as possible to the right edge o.: c,Ji:b of the roadwa.y (or. left edge on a one-way street) clear o:i: any intersection and Cihall r,tcp and remain in such position until the authJrized emergency vehicle has passed 1 except when otherwise directed by a police officer. b. All motor vehicles forming a funeral procession when going to any place of burial, and other authorized procession, shall have the right of way over all other vehicles except fire apparatus, ambulances and police patrol vehicles, at any screet intersection. Provided~ that each vehicle in a funeral pt·ocession shall have displayed on the front thereof a flag which shall be white in color, and upon which shall be printed, stamped or stained a purple cross or the Star of David. Violations of any of the foregoing rules and regulations shall be pr.c3ecu~ ted and punished as a misden:eanor by fine not to eJ~ceed $100 or imprisomnent not to exceed 90 days in any Justice Court of the County of Ingham in the manner provided by the Statutes of this State pertaining thereto. (9137)