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THE COLLEG

= SPECULUM.

Von. [V.—No, 4.

AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH., JUNE 15, 1885,

Wuotr No, 16,

"I". c .

We ane very glad that we can present to the readers
so excellent a portrait of President Theophilus Capen
Abbot, as every person who has ever been a student
of the College will rejoice to look at the likeness of
one who has been more influential than any other in
the development of our loved Alma Mater, and in
keeping it im that wholesome path, which was con-

ABBOT, LL.D.

templated in the act founding our Agricultural College,
and from which the most of such Colleges have de-
parted, Fach of the students even far back in those
iret trying days, will gaze lovingly on this portrait of
one, who, more than any other, inspired them to hard
effort, noble purposes, and pure lives.

President Abbot was born in Vassalboro’, Maine,
pa THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

April 29, 1826. While a mere lad his father moved
into Augusta, Maine, where his early school days
were spent, and where preparation. was made for
entrance into college. That the elose scholarly habits
for which Dr. Abbot is so remarkable, were not alone
peculiar to his mature years is evineed in the fact
that he graduated from Colby University, Waterville,
Maine, at the age of nineteen, and was considered, 80
the writer has been informed by an alumnus of the
same college, as one of the most scholarly graduates
that had ever left the University. After graduation,
Mr, Abbot taught in an academy in Vermont for a
portion of a year, and then for some years taught in
a seminary in Northern Maine, taking long vacations,
which were spent in pursuing a post-graduate course m
the college at Waterville. Durimg this time, he taught
chemistry and the higher mathematics. During the
early years of our own college, Professor Abbot taught
mathematies, and his readiness, and ability to make
even dry hard mechanics and conic sections
fascinating was often commented upon by. the
students. They did not know that he had experience
to aid his ripe scholarship in making clear and easy,
those abstruse propositions, Few teachers could use
Peck’s mechanics successfully in a college where the
students had had so little previous discipline in higher
mathematics.

He next took a two-years course in the Bangor
Theological School, after which he taught the Greek
at Colby University for one and one-hal years. The
Rev. Mr. Pond, a leading Congregational clergyman
of California, was at this time a student a Waterville.
Mr. Pond once stated to the writer that “ Prof. Abbot
was one of the most scholarly persons he had ever
known, So conversant was he with literature,
ancient and modern, that one had only to ask him to
learn of any author or his works.”

‘At this time Professor Abbot made his first visit to
Europe, where he spent a good part of a year, He
was specially delighted with Northern England and
Seotland, which was partly owing to his extended
knowledge of English literature.

In 1856 Professor Abbot came to Michigan, and
taught a part of a year at Berrien Springs. That
Mr, Abbot brought the strict New England notions
with him, we gather from the statement of one his

pupils at Berrien Springs, that Professor Abbot
looked very askance at the dancing proclivities of his
pupils. In 1857 Mr. Abbot was employed to take

charge of the High School at Ann Arbor, which was
really the preparatory school for the University.
Here he became acquainted with Miss Sarah Merry-
lees, who was associated with him in the school, and
who later became Mrs. Abbot. During this year he
was called to the Professorship of English Literature
at our college, which was just ready for the maug-
urating exercises. The position was accepted, but
owing to his engagement in Aun Arbor he could not
enter upon its duties till the summer of 1858. Dr,
Abbot was Professor of English Literature till 1866;
was Treasurer of the College so long as it remained
under the charge of the Board of Edueation—from
1858 to 1861,—and was Seeretary for the next two
years, and virtually Secretary of the College till 1871.
n 1863 Professor Abbot was unanimously chosen
President, much to his surprise, and greatly to the
delight of the students, who had already come to
look to him for advice and direction, even as to a
father. In 1866 his professorship was changed from
English Literature to Logic and Mental Philosophy,
which professorship he still holds. In 1870 he re-
eeived the degree of LL. D. from the University.

In 1860 Dr, Abbot was married, and the writer well

remembers with what pleasure the students, under the
captaincy of Dr. Thurber, made and decorated a mag-
nificent balloon, which was made to spenk our hearty
welcome even before the new bride had fairly entered
the college grounds, The students soon learned that
in these nuptials, not alone Professor Abbot, but each
student was made richer, for now each one had two
wise, thoughtful, and true friends, in place of one
before.

It is not necessary to speak of President Abbot's
peculiarities as a man to the ex-students of the col-
lege. All have too long revered him for his retiring
modesty, his thorough interest in all the students, his
Christian courtesy, and heart kindness, which could
never suffer him to forget any person who might need
aid or advice.

He has ever shown, in all his associations, a truly
judicial mind, which seldom permitted him to err in
his judgments or actions. If biased at all it was ever
on the side of kindness and leniency. He always
trusted largely to the good sense and manliness of the
students, and rare indeed was such trust betrayed.

As a teacher, President Abbot rarely ever had a
superior, He had that most desirable power which
impelled students to their best efforts, even though
he spoke no word to urge or blame. The writer often
heard students say that they would rather fail in all
their other elasses than in his, One of the early
students, who is now a distinguished Professor in one
of our leading Universities, voiced the general feelin
in the remark that he would sit up and study
night rather than to stumble in his English literature.
This silent, but most potent influence, is the most
desirable trait in any teacher. Another source of
power in President Abbot as teacher, was the fact
that he never came into class without a thorough
knowledge of the subject which he was to present.
The breadth of his attainments, and his accuracy, and
clear cut scholarship were known and felt by all his
pupils.

As President, Dr. Abbot has shown an eye single to
the grand object for which the college was established,
Nothing could swerve him from a course which should
ever keep in view the aid and promotion of Agricult-
ure. While other colleges have switched off the line,
and so lost the regard and friendship of the farmers, our
college has ever been true to the farmers’ interest, and
has constantly grown stronger and stronger in their
affections; so to-day it stands impregnable, fortified
as it is on all sides by the support and regard of
Michican'’s able farmers. All honor is due to Presi-
dent Abbot for such wisdom, and firmness which has
resulted in placing the college as the first of our
Industrial Colleges.

Physically, President Abbot has never been strong.
Some years since the writer heard him say that he
had never known a time, since he entered college, when
he was free from pain. Often his headaches, which
were his constant companion from youth, were almost
unendurable. Yet burdened with such a weight, he
became one of the finest scholars in_the country.

Executive duties were never to President Abbot's
taste. Study and teaching were ever his delight.
The arduous duties, and severe labor incident to his
executive work, so told on his strength and energies,
that in 1873 he was forced to take a vacation for one
year, Which time was spent in Europe. Though
refreshed by his rest, he did not gain that strength
and vigor which he and his friends had hoped. Since
his return he has often felt that the duties as President
were too exhausting, and in the fall of 1879, he urged
upon the State Board of Agriculture, the wisdom of
retiring him to a professorship and Placing some
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM. a

younger stronger man in the President’s chair. The
Board would not even entertain the proposition. For
the past two years, his health has been even poorer
than before, so that last fall he felt constrained to
demand a release from the duties of President.

All the friends of our much beloved President, and
that means all who have ever been students of the
college, are expectant and hopeful that, relieved of the
duties and burdens of executive, Dr. Abbot’s strength
may return and he be spared long years to honor the
chair of metaphysics at our college.

It is now expected that when the next number of
the SrecuLum’shall appear, Dr. Abbot will have retired
from ie Presidency and President Willits be fully
installed.

President Abbot,

Framed in the dim romance that softly clings
Above our college days—a g@entle face

Looks out with amiling tenderness that brings
A host of memories of the dear old ploce.

He used our hearts as tablefs—he wrote down
The patient lesson of his gentle life—

None ever knew that face tu wear a frown,
None ever heard that kindly volee in strife,

We dreamed of noble lives—we filled oor toinds
With all the thoughts that come at funcy's call,

Yet now we humbly pause like one who finds
That be has passed the noblest work of all

We are his boys—we pushed against his will,
We could notalways understand his way,
Yet like a true and patient father, still
He smiled and waited—and we come to-day,

And lay our humble tribute lovingly
Beside the honors he has won, and own

His Influence has touched us tenderly,
His life we name the noblest we have known.

“Well done!” The words that crown his life are trne,
And men may turn back from the gates of Fame

To envy him—to see how long years through,
The hearts of frlends shall treasure up his name.

And on that head where honor’s hand ehall reat
With loving benediction may be placed,

The tribute of his boys who know him best,
Whose hearts his patient gentleness has traced.

TIEREERT W. COLLINGWOOD, "63,

Agricultural Education.

T. A. BTANLET, PHI DELTA THETA.
There are hundreds of people, and by no means
the uneducated only, who t

ink that the science and
art of agriculture needs no study. They think that to
carry on this great industry, a young man should
spend his time in practice on the farm rather than
give up a few years to study. a

In other words, agricultural education is to them
i meaningless phrase.

And why is this the case if it is not beeause such
people are so short-sighted as to be unable to see any-
thing in the line of agriculture that requires study, or
are go selfish as to withhold from their children and
even themselves, that which will be of so much value
in time to come.

You often hear a person remark, knowing you are
attending an agricultural school, “What do you find
to study that bears upon agriculture ?” .

Now to all those who hold such views let it be said,
that agriculture, treated as a science or an art, opens
to the student a larger field for investigation than any
other calling known to man. ;

There are very few studies in a eollege course,
especially that of our agricultural college, but what

bear directly or indirectly upon agricultural science;
but to select from a college curriculum those studies
which will be of most use to one intending to become
a practically scientific farmer is a difficult thin g to do.
And here it may be said, is the advantage of choosing
one’s calling before entering college, for if after
two years in college, he decides upon any one pursuit,
he may find that he has not put the time and thought
upon certain passed studies that he would have if his
decision had been made earlier.

But now let as see if we can find any studies that
will be of practical use to those who intend to manage
afarm. If we can, we can answer the question quoted
above,

Granting that we have studied those more common
branches that prepare us for a higher education, we
first would suggest chemistry as of vital importance,
embracing elementary, organic, analytical, and agri-
cultural chemistry. ; ;

Having taken a general course in this, though we
may not be a professor of chemistry, nor able to
analyze soils, yet we will know the results of certain
chemical combinations, the why and wherefore of
chemical phenomena that otherwise would be un-
known; we'will know the chemistry of foods, and
the effects of their ingredients upon the animal sys-
tem, as well as the effects of plant food upon the great -
vegetable world. These are a few among the many
facts that we are enabled to understand by a general
course in chemistry.

Botany is or should be of interest to everybody, but
more especially to the farmer, for he is dealing with
its teachings every day of his life. By it we are
taught how plants grow and how they feed, how to
classify them as to their value for various purposes,
and by it our way is prepared for the pursuance of
that next and closely allied study, horticulture.

Horticulture shows us how to treat the vegetable
kingdom, and botany gives the reasons for so doing.
By the thorough understanding of the one we are bet-
ter enabled to practice the other. a

Entomology is too often regarded as of little import-
ance to the farmer, but when we stop and think of the
hundreds of insect friends and enemies with which the
farmers are daily dealing, and the rapid rate at which
they are increasing, can we conscienciously shun this
study? Not only are we enabled to distinguish be-
tween our friends and enemies, but we are taken into
a new world, as it were, and there study the interest-
ing habits of creatures which to too many are but
nothing. By carefully studying their habits we can
the more easily further their destruction or preserva-
tion, and thus avoid many useless attempts in either
direction. ;

Physiology, both human and animal, are of such
vital importance to the farmer that too mucli stress
cannot be laid upon their thorough understanding. |

But it is not alone to the farmer that human physi-
ology is of such importance. Every man and woman
should be thoroughly acquainted with the subject,
and thereby avoid much useless pain and suffering.

It is a deplorable fact, but nevertheless true, that
the best farmers take more care of their choice calves
than do many parents of their growing clild.

But what has physiology to do with the farmer other
than to teach him in regard to the laws of his own
being? Very much; for the physiology of the higher
animals is so closely analogous to human physiology,
that to understand the latter, one fairly understands
the former. Not only that, but it prepares us -for a
more thorough understanding of the veterinary science
in its treatment of the domesticated animals. =

Veterinary is too often neglected by the growing
4 THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

farmer. How often do we hear of the death of some
valuable animal, where a little knowledge in this
science would have saved the animal’s life.

To be sure veterinary doctors often prove to be
quacks, but this is only another argument in favor
of onal knowledge on the subject. ;

nother subject that may here be mentioned, 15
feeding anita, Although there is no really prac-
tical book on the subject, yet by the careful reading
of a number of our best books upon the subject, one
may learn much in regard to the best preparation of
food, the best time for feeding, together with the
already proven effects of certain foods upon the am-
mal system.

Having a good knowledge of the theoretical part,
one can soon determine by experiment what sort of
feeding will be most advantageous to his particular
case,

We have thus endeavored to give an idea of those
studies which are of especial interest to the farmer ;
those to which the student intending to become a
farmer should give particular attention.

Tt has also been the aim to disprove the common
notion among many apparently suecessiul farmers,
that four years on the farm is of more real value
than the same time spent in college.

Although at the end of four years on the farm, and
four in college, the one on the farm may be more
efficient in practical work, yet at the end of the
fens four years the educated farmer will be at the

ead.

The studies here enumerated are such as play a very
important part in the curriculum of most agricultural
colleges, but in no college are they more thoroughly
taught than here.

Our chemical course is noted for being one of the
very best, while that in botany is one among the few
in which the subject is taught on a purely practical

Asis.

Veterinary occupies a whole year, while the other
studies take less time but are as thoroughly taught.

In conclusion let it be said to those intending to
become farmers, and who have the time and what
little money is required, by all means spend that time
and money in an agricultural education.

The Late Judge Wells.

Judge Hezekiah G. Wells died at his home in Kal-
amazoo, April 4th, 1885. He had been troubled for
a number of years with fatty degeneration of the
heart, and more lately from rheumatism from which
he suffered much until death relieved his pains. Be-
lieving that he should never regain lus health, he
resicned his position on the Court of Alabama Claims
last September, and returned to his home in Michi-

gan.

Judge Wells was born at Stubenville, Jefferson
county, Ohio, June 16, 1812, and received his educa-
tion at Kenyon College. He was admitted to the bar
in 1832, after studying in an office at Stubenville.
His ancestors came from England to Maryland, and
for several generations resided in that State; his par-
ents removed to Ohio in an early day. He was one
of eleven children, all of whom, except a brother and
& sister, are dead.

Judge Wells came to Kalamazoo county m 1855,
and for two years lived on a farm in the township of
Texas; he removed from Texas to Schoolcraft, and
to Kalamazoo village in 1846. He was married in
1840 to Miss Achsah Strong of Kalamazoo.

Judge Wells has held numerous school, township,

=

and county offices, and has been a member of every
convention and commission, for drafting or revisin
the State Constitution. He received the title o
“Judge” from his position as County Judge for Kal-
amazoo county. The confidence imposed by the peo-
le in his judgment and integrity, is well exemplified
iv the fact that fully eighty per cent of the cases tried
under his jurisdiction were without a jury, it being
necessary then for the party desiring a jury to de-
mand it. He has served five terms as President of
Kalamazoo village: was twice elected presidential
elector, first in 1840, and again in 1360. He was
appointed Minister to the Central American States b
President Lincoln, and Consul to Manchester, England,
by President Johnson, both of which he declined. He
was named in the law which organized, in 1861, the
State Board of Agriculture, and drew by lot the four
years term, and was reappointed at the end of his
suceessive terms up to the administration of Governor
Begole; and he was for the greater part of this time
President of the Board. He was for one year Presi-
dent of the State Agicultural Society, and for a num-
ber of terms was a member of the Executive Commit-
tee of that body; and was also for many years an
active member of the Board of Trustees of the Kal-
amazoo Female Seminary. He raised the 25th Mich-
igan Infantry in 1862, and was one of the principal
ones instrumental in organizing the State Pioneer
Society of which he was President at different times.

President Grant in 1874, appointed Judge Wells
presiding officer of the Court of Alabama Claims; and
upon that oeeasion he resigned his position on the
Board of Acriculture, but was induced by President
Abbot to withdraw the resignation. Upon the re-
organization of that court, President Arthur re-ap-
pointed Judge Wells as its presiding officer, he being
the only man on the new court who was a mem-
ber of the old one; failing health, however, compelled
him to resign last September,

Judge Wells took considerable interest in poli-
tics: was a Republican of the Grant school, and he
was always a rigid supporter of that statesman.

The Agricultural Callege owes much to Judge Wells’s
ability, and his zeal in behalf of the school, for its
present high position and prosperity. He spent one
whole season before the State Legislature, when
efforts were being made to have the college removed
to Ann Arbor, and made a department of the Univer-
sity. He was confident that such a course would be
detrimental to the best suecess of the college; time
and the experience of like institutions have proved
the soundness of his judgment, He also opposed
the measure which at one time proposed to move the
college from its situation in the woods to a cleared
farm in the southern part of the State. It was under
his supervision that all the large sales of lands
granted by the State were made, which very materially
aided the college in its early history. Judge Wells
has always owned and operated farms both m Mich-
igan and Ohio, and took special interest in horticult-
ure and floriculture ; he had much to do with develop-
ing those departments here, and they will miss his
eare and influence on the Board of Control, Our fine
greenhouse and flower garden owe very much to the
interest he has taken in their improvement.

There are few who, during any time in the past
twenty years, have been students here who have not
seen his stately appearance on the college rostrum,
which never failed to be greeted with applause; he
was always called upon for remarks, and what he
said was always well received and attentively listened

0.
Judge Wells had no children, but has always taken a
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

a

deep interest in young men, and on numerous occasions
has materially aided those endeavoring to obtain an
education ; and his assistance was often and willingly
rendered worthy ones in obtaining positions and
securing a start in life. He was a jovial old gentle-
yan, fond of jokes, and was a great story teller, and
his company was always pleasant and lively. A life
size oll painting of him adorns the college readi
room, The portrait was painted by George W. Ree
of Kalamazoo, in 1881, and is a very valuable picture,
whieh will always be retained and cherished by the
college.

Judee Wells has never extensively practiced law,
but the greatest contidence has always been given
him as counsel, He was not wealthy, but was in
comfortable circumstances.

He was a life long Episcopalian, and died a com-
municant in that church. The funeral services were
conducted by Bishop Gillespie, of Grand Rapids, who,
though he said it was contrary to the custome of that
chureh, delivered an eloquent eulogy on the life and
character of the deceased.

Thus has a long and well spent life run its course,
one which has been of use to our nation, one marked
in the history of our State, and one the good example
and influence of which must be lasting and bene-
ficial to his fellow men.

A Jupersnir on the Michigan Supreme Bench is,
we think, the highest poistion to which a farmer
student of the Agricultural Collere, has yet been
elected.

Allen B. Morse, two years with ‘61, of Ionia, Mich.,
at the last election was elected a Judge of the Su-
preme Court, vice Thomas M. Cooley whose term of
office expired.

Judge Morse was born at Otiseo, Ionia county,
Mich., January 7, 1839, and is the first Judge of our
Supreme Court born in the State. He received a
common school education, and entered the Agricult-
ural College in 1857, remaining here two years, which
finished his school education.

The effects of his course here have been to make
him somewhat interested in science, and he is said to
be well posted in scientific matters. He taughtschool
during the winters of 1459 and 1860, and studied law
in the office of Wells & Wells, at Ionia, in the spring of
1861, but discontinued his studies and enlisted in the
16th Michigan Infantry, in July of that year, Temain-
ing in the 16th until December, 1862, he entered the
21st Michigan Infantry as First Lieutenant, Company
I, and was promoted to Adjutant, and detailed as A.
A. A. General on Col. F. I. Sherman's staff in 1863;
while acting in this capacity, he lost bis leff arm at
Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. Col. Wm. B.
MecCreery of the College Board of Coutrol was Colonel
of 21st Michigan. ;

After recovering from his wound, Major Morse
returned im April, 1864, to his regiment, but re-
signed the following September, and resumed the
study of law in the office of W. B. Wells, at Ionia,
and was admitted to the bar the next February,

He commenced the practice of law at Ionia, under
the firra of Spencer & Morse, and has continued
in the business under the firm names of Wells &
Morse, and Morse, Wilson & Trowbridge.

Judge Morse appears to have made the most marked
success as @ criminal lawyer, and particularly in
murdereases. He has been engaged in eighteen murder
trials, eleven as prosecutor, and seven as defendant,
the two most important being People vs. Hurd, and

the People vs. Millard. It is remarkable that he has |

—

never had a client indicted for murder remaining in
Prison over one year. ;

Judge Morse is extremely popular at home, having
been elected to fill numerous public positions, and in
the election for Supreme Judge, carried his county by
an overwhelming majority. He was elected Prose-
euting Attorney for Ionia county in 1866, and again
in 1868; Alderman for Ionia in 1873; Btate Senator
for Ionia and Montcalm counties in 1874. He was
candidate for Attorney General on the Democratic
ticket in 1878; delegate to the Democratic National
Convention at Cincinnati in 1880, and was elected
Mayor of Ionia in 1882.

e was married to Miss Franees Van Allen, Nov.

95, 1874, and has four children, two daughters and
two sons. His wife died Oct. 29, 1884, after a short
illness of congestion of the brain.

i

The Oberlin Collece of Ohio opens cach recitation with either
alnging or prayer. What would Harvard, with its optional rule
of attending devotional exercilees, think of that?—er,

s SCEHNTEFIC. ;

The Wheat Stalk Worm Again.

C. FP, GILLETTE.

a tn ag nl a

In the April number of the Srecutem, Prof, Cook
gave a brief description of what he thought to be “A
new insect peat in Michigan.” Bince then I have com-
pleted drawings of this little enemy to the wheat
grower (Isosoma nigrum, Cook), which appeared in
the Rural New Yorker of May 9th, with a full deserip-
tion by Prof. Cook, | ; ;

As J, nigrum bids fair to become a very interesting
as well as unpopular intruder in our wheat fields, we
again burden the columns of the Srecunum that its
readers may have a more full description of this little
culprit. We hope too, that the accompanying cuts
will be of some service in enabling you to detect him.

Judging I. nigrum by ita closely related and notori-
ous brethren, I. hordei, Harris, and I. tritici, Riley,
which seems a proper thing to do, we prophecy for it
a probability at least, of doing much damage to our
wheat crop in the near future unless some efforts are
made to check its depredations.

We have many insect enemies whose depredations
would be almost unbearable were it not for their
natural enemies that keep them in check. J. nigrum
seems to be little troubled in this way at present, for
out of over one hundred specimens reared in the
laboratory this spring, only one parasite was obtained.

Natural History —From what we know of this insect
and related species, it is probable that the egas (Pig.
1) are laid upon the
straw, Just above one
of the lower joints, and
from five to twenty on
a single internode, im
Fig. 2 of the an-
nexed cuts repre-
sents one of these
short straws from
which the fly has
escaped after
eating its way through the dry, hard, prison walls
that surrounded it. ‘The black dots represent the
round clean eut holes through which it escaped.
These straws which are inhabited by the little yellow-
ish-white larve, become woody and hard throughout
with no hole in the center, and trouble the farmer by
breaking in short pieces and coming through the

Fig. 1

the latter part of May and June.

Fig. 3.
6

THE COLLEGE SFECULUM.

spout with the grain at the time of
threshing like so many little sticks.

The straws are also slightly deform-
ed, being wrinkled longitudinally, and £

=f slichtly swollen over
each larva eell. er

The larva (Fig. 3) &
attains its growth
by September, when
“i? itis4m. im. in length.
A few change to pupe,
(Fie. 4), in the fall,
but most remain as
larva during the win-
ter, and change to
pupme early in the
spring, which are
white at first, but
soon turn black like ¢
the imago.

Fig. &

Fig. &.

three to four and four-tenths millimeters in length,
and to the unaided eye of the casual observer, appears
like a little jet black fly, or winged ant. With the
aid of a pocket microscope, however, the tip of the
abdomen, and portions of the legs, will be seen to be
yellow in eolor on both male and female, and the
female has a yellow spot on either side of the thorax,
just back of the eyes.

The eggs (Fig. 1) are very small—white—and have
a pedicel twice their own length. Each female lays
from seventy-five to one hundred,

Flemedies.—Cut the wheat high and burn the stub-
ble. If many straws appear in the bin, clean them
out and burn them. Remember the insect is mostly
in the lower portions of the straw, where it remains
during the fall, winter and early spring, and then use
your own judgment as to the best methods to destroy
them.

_—

Our Native Fruits,

BY L H. BAILEY, JK.

‘There are great possibilities in many of our native
wild fruits, The Northern States abound in indige-
nous fruits which promise to the patient pomologist

reat rewards in the way of hardy and palatable var-
ieties. Those plants which vary most widely in a
state of nature, improve most readily under the in-
fluence of cultivation. This principle is illustrated
In our strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, and

rapes, All our cultivated blackberries have sprung
rom one wild plant, the Rubus villosus of our copses

and tangles. Many of our varieties, prominent
among them being the old Lawton, are natural sports
which were picked up in fenee-rows or clearings,
Nearly all hardy raspberries, and all the black-caps,
have originated from one or the other or both of our
native species, the black and the red, Rubus oeciden.
talis and KR. strigosus. None but the older and lesa
hardy of the garden raspberries have sprung from
the European Rubus Idwus, All of our leading
strawberries are varieties of our common wild Fra-
garia Virginiana, or perhaps In some cases are modi-
fied by crosses with other species. All grapes grown
out of doors in the Northern States have sprung from
three wild species Vitus Labrusea of New England
and the Allechenies, V. wstivalis of the Middle and
Southern States and V. riparia of Michigan and ad-
joining States. Many of our grapes are also natural

| varieties which were picked up in the woods.

These facts in regard to blackberries, raspberries,
strawberries and grapes suggest the query, Why not
improve more extensively all our wild fruits? We
have a wild black currant, Ribes floridum, which is
naturally better than the Old World Ribes nigrum
that is in common cultivation. The variety known
as American Black is a natural sport of this wild
species. The common wild gooseberry varies exceed-
ingly and is worthy close attention. The attractive
Missouri currant, which is planted in various places
upon our grounds, is the parent of two or three very
rood varieties. Two wild plums give promise of
great capabilities. The Wild Goose and Miner are
nearly pore native Chickasaws, Prunus Chicaga.
The dwarf sand cherry of the beaches and dunes of
our Great Lakes bears a sweet and attractive fruit
which deserves the attention of every pomologist.
Our wild ernb apple needs attention. All our wild
nuts are awaiting the labors of the horticulturist.
The pecan must have the bitter matter bred out of its
inner shell; walnuts, butternuts, chestnuts and hick-
ory nuts are waiting for thinner shells and plum
meats. Our common walnut has greater capabilities
than had the parent of the English walnuts of the con-
fectioners. There are no less than twenty-five fruits,
of various kinds, natives of Michigan, which present
attractive problems to all lovers of botany and horti-
culture.

The Horticultural Department desires to undertake
the solution of a few of these problems. Qur present
method must be to plant the seeds of the finest wild
fruits and await results. We desire the cooperation
of students and others in securing seeds of the larg-
eae smoothest and sweetest of all kinds of native
ruits.

ble

Dvrixe THE Past TERM aside from regular analyti-
eal class work the Juniors have examined some arti-
cles found in the market, with the following results:

Dore's Fiy Paper.—A thick vellow blotting paper containing
in tis fiber ordinary white arsenic,

White Froading is sold at the drug stores to ladies for wae as
“diamond dust," causing a slight glitter on the brow of beauty.
ay aubetance is glass, containing quite a proportion of oxide
t ‘

Asample sold as Black Antimony (used principally as a horse
medicine) contained no antimony in any form, but consisted of
powdered anthracite and marble dust.

An estimation of the starch in a diabetic flour from New York
was made and compared with analyses made of ordinary flour
round in Lansing with following results :

Flour Starch Par cect.

New York dinbetie 0.00. .ccc. ccc ceeeeeeseeeee 26 4
Lansing Shorts -..2...0 0000 2ce cece e eee suaeee 61.3
Northway Centrifugal .......-............-- od.

Stone middlings (before bolting)._..-.......- 56.8
First middlings.....2........2.-.-.------e0-- 614
Karke flour (bolted) ......22- 0.0.0. cee cence 5a.d
THE COLLEGE sPECULUM. 7

A NEW PHENOMENON IN souxp.—During my experi-
ments in chemical physics I have discovered an appar.
ently new phenomenon in sound, the particulars of
which, as far as I have examined, are these: A

iece of ordinary glass tubing from 4 inches to &
inches in length and from }to } inch in diameter is
gelected, and a small bulb blown on one end. As far
as I have examined there appears to be a somewhat
constant ratio between the size of the bulb and the
calibre of the tube. Into the open end of the tube a
drop of water is introduced. The bulb is then heat-
ed nearly to redness and a small portion of the water
forced into it, and again plunged into the flame
when, if the conditions are right, a peculiar singing
tone is produced, somewhat resembling in character,

itch, and quality the tone produced in the Chemical
rmontcon. My observations have not been of gufti-
elent completeness as yet to determine anything very
definite in regard to the phenomenon. lam how-
ever, pretty well convinced that the presence of water
ig necessary in the tube, at least, if not in the bulb.
Talso notice that the pitch can be changed to one of
higher tone by moving the flame towards the open
end of the tube; and IL am not positive that this
change is not permanent. hus far experiment
seems to indicate that such is the fact. Of other

characters of the tone and circumstances 1am un- |
able to offer any explanation, Further observation |

and more careful experiment will undoubtedly ex-
plain all the conditions of the phenomenon.
I have consulted various writers on the subject of
sound and can find no mention of anything similar.
A.C. Leppise.

= oe

TaLes AFIELD, About plants and the sei neo of plants. by L.
H. Bailey, jr. Houghton, Mifflin & Co,, Boston. Price $i,
This little book of 160 pages is intended for the
eneral reader who may possess no knowledge of
otany. The paper, type and binding are all that

could be desired and just what we should expect from

the well-known house which publishes the book. It
is needless to say to the readers of this paper that
the author is Professor Bailey, recently cleeted to the
chair of horticulture, and the first editor-in-chief of

the Srecunum. The text is well illustrated by 100

good figures; the lancunge is destitute of technical

terms so far as it is possible and convey correct ideas,

The suthor passes over much ground, but
has the good sense to select many of the most
attractive topics for his talks. He speaks of
the leading classes of plants, and deseribes several
typical forms. The following examples from the con-
tents will give a general idea of the book: The flower,
the stem, the rose family, the composite family, a
peep at the inside, cross fertilization, hidden flowers,
the arrangement of leaves, the compass plant, how
some plants get up in the world, carnivorous plants,
a thistle head, willow twigs, the importance of seeing
correctly, how plants are named.

Besides gleaning from the writings of some of our
best recent botanists the author gives an aceount of
many curious and interesting things which have
come directly under his own observation, Professor
Bailey has written a very pleasant book, whieh deals
mainly with the topics that are now attracting the
most attention among botanists. He adds another
to the list of popular botanies such as we are right glad
to welcome to our table. Such readings is wholesome
mental diet for young and old and ontalit to supplant
many of the exciting stories of frontier life. A little
observation in connection with the reading can hard-

ly fail to awaken a love for the study of plants.
W. J. B.

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM,

Published Quarterly—August, October, April, and June.
BY THE STUDENTS

THE MICHIGAN STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE,

—
—
=

Tens, 50 Cexts a Year: Simaur NUMBERS, 15 CENTS.
ADVERTISING RATES MADE KNOWN ON APPLICATION.

Ee All aubseriptions will be regarded as continued unless
we are notitied to the contrary.

—
seed —==

SoLRD oF BDITteoRrs.

—=

DELTA TAU DELTA FRATERSTIY. «
TH. E. THOMAS, Editoran.Ohief.... 00.00. Literary Articles, Editorials,

RATURAL WISTORT SOCIETY,
Paar, it. 1. CARPENTER, .... 2.22222. ------e-e Tre ee

ECLECTIC SOCIETY.
BP.L, CHAPPELL, 1.0 cus ccneoee rites tat aee eee eee eee COllope News.

USM LITERARY SOCIETY.

a -Solene se,

Th. A, BATES, 200 cscs cnncee coos cones cee ccsces soceeeseee sees ee.. Personals.
PUL DELTA THETA FRATERNITY.
D, J. 8TRYRER, Secretary, .. 2... .......- Exchanges and Colleges,
es
Th W. TE MPOHGG Ts, Oy... keene ones Baines Manager.
Dior. S. OUNSON, 0. eeunee seen eee eee nee eee Treasurer,

AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH., JUNE 15, 1885.

[f 18 WITH PLEASURE and with feelings of relief that
we are now to lay down the editorial pen and pass
the management of the Srecutva to other hands,

The board of editors for the coming year has been
elected, is organized, and im readiness to begin its
labors. Mr, T, A. Stanley, ’86, of New Britain,
Conn., has been chosen for the position of editor-in-
chief. He has exceptionally strong support on the
board, and we prophesy a successful year for the
SPEcuLUM under their management.

The present board wishes to acknowledge the hearty
support given to the Srrcutum during the past year,
without which editing a colleze paper would be noth-
ing but unpleasant and unsatisfactory labor,

Although the work imposed is no small task in ad-
dition to the regular college duties, already overcrowd-
ed, yet there is no reason to complain and we do not
regret the labor bestowed upon the paper, but only
wish it had been possible to give it more time and at-
tention. Such, however, must be the complaint of
every board. The editors must perform their full
eollege work, which if properly done will occupy his
whole time, and the attention given to the paper must .
be taken from his studies to their detriment, and will
be insufficient to be at all satisfactory in discharging
the duties devolving upon the editors of the Cottee:
SPECULUM,

=r

Tae Uxiversity CHroxicLe comes out in a sorrow-
ful sort of thrust at the Agricultural College, because
it and not the University has been the object of more
liberal dealing at the hands of the State Legislature.

The attack is based upon an article in the Detroit
Post criticising the College because of the expense to
g THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

—=

the State. In the first place the Post article exagger-
ates and misrepresents the facts. Its computation is
based upon the entire cost of the institution and not
upon its running expenses. The greater part of the
appropriations in the past have been for buildings
which will be permanent and hence not enter into
the expense except as capital invested. The Univer-
sity ia already built up and hence has not this ex-
pense. Besides that school is full to overflowing with
students while this has not, aa yet, more than half the
number that ean be accommodated, which materially
increases the ratio of expense.

But the fact is, excluding the students in the pro-
fessional schools at Ann Arbor, the University has
only two and one-half times as many students in the
literary department, with its five courses and corps of
over fifty instructors, as the College has; whereas, it
should have five times as many as the College with
its one course and eleven professors. And the actual
expense to the State per student at the College is less
than in the literary courses at the University. By
counting the students in the law and medical schools,
which combined are self supporting, the ratio of ex-
pense is reduced.

The Chronicle further berates the State for sup-
porting a school which has no better course than the
Agricultural College has. While if does not pretend
to go so high, yet for a four years’ course it is as good
as a course at the University oceupying the same
time, and in chemistry, botany, and entomology, ex-
cept for advanced study, it has a more thorough
course.

The Chronicle says, with a lame attempt to cover
up its sneer at the farmers, that the agriculturists
are a very respectable class, but they have no need
of special favors from the State. They are by no
means asking special favors. The State is essential-
ly agricultural, and it is nothing more than. justice
that the predominant class should have a school
where its sons may be educated. Of what benefit to
them is the University? Not one iota, directly, It is
beyond their reach and its course is not fitted to their
needs, which only shows that the University has no
sympathy with the farmers, that it does not compre-
hend their wants, and that, if the agricultural depart-
ment were a branch of the University instead of being
a separate school, it would be a total failure. On the
other hand, the Agricultural College is within reach
of all, and her course furnishes a general practical
education especially fitted to the needa of the farmer,
and it is no fault, but rather a virtue, that this course
is not so advanced as may be had at the University.

The farmers have contributed more towards the
support of the University since its foundation than
they have for the support of their own school; they
have paid towards the University more than other
classes have paid to maintain the Agricultural College.
Notwithstanding all this the Chronicle finds fault be-
cause the State allows this class to have a represen-
tative school. What reason has it for venting its dis-

appointment on the College? Nothing but selfishness,
an astonishing lack of the spirif of justice and fair-
ness, and such a surplus of self importance as to
blind its mental vision.

It is this hoggishness that is creating among the
people a feeling antagonistic to the University; it has
persistently ever since its foundation endeavored to
draw everything unto itself and to crush every other
edueational institution, The opinion seems to pre-
vail at Ann Arbor that every important interest in
the whole State is centered in the University and that
everything must bend to its imperious demands, A
little less arrogance and greediness will be far more
amiable if nothing more.

The Chronicle loves to dwell upon the reputation of
the University abroad and tell what a pride it is to
the State. We have no desire to question that; on
the contrary the Srecvutum takes as much pridein the
reputation and success of the University as does the
Chronicle, and hopes to see the reputation and influ-
ence of that institution grow as much in the future as
it has in the past. There is, however, no occasion for
ill-feeling towards this school. he Agricultural Col-
lege is also a source of pride to the State; it enjoys
the reputation of being the best of its class,and is the
model looked up to by similar institutions,

The College has done nothing more than to put her
needs and worth before the Legislature in such a
light as to secure her appropriations; and because
the University has failed to do this the Chronicle
finds fault with the College. A very petty, sniveling
kind of revenge, to say the least.

It is to be regretted that the Legislature has not
dealt more liberally with the State University. Every
one who has any pride in the educational system of
our State would have been glad to see the University
receive the full amount of appropriations asked, ex-
cept the item for a mechanical department which she
had no need of, no right to ask for, and ought not to
have.

No, Mr. Chronicle, you have your hands full to at-
tend to your own affairs without indulging in useless
and unealled-for abuse of an institution which at-
tends strictly to developing and using its own re-
sources and advantages.

The University has always exhibited a spirit antag-
onistic towards the College, and with effects so far
not very gratifying to the friends of the University.
There is nothing between the schools which should
prevent their working in harmony, A wise prudence
would say: Each attend to its own affairs.

Quire a general opinion prevails that the appoint-
ment of Hon. C. G, Luce to a position on the Board
of Agriculture is a step looking toward the establish-
ment here of a ladics’ department. At a recent path-
ering at the College, Mr. Luce, when called upon to
address the meeting, took occasion to give public ex-
pression to that idea. While it must be admitted
that the entrance of a ladies’ class would be hailed
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM. Hf)

with delight by a majority of the students, just be-
cause it would be fun; yet itis not plain where the
addition of such a feature would become a profitable
acquisition to the College, or be an unalloyed benefit
to the students,

It is not meant to cast any reflections on the dear
irls, far from it, nor to be understood as opposed to
the higher education of women, or to co-education;
but itis clear that such a course at the present time
would be a disadvantage to the College, and for that
reason unprofitable to the students,

It may be that the system works well in those in-
stitutions where it is in operation, but that argues
nothing m the case under discussion. This College
is of a different character from most of those schools,
it is ditferently situated, and, at the present time, is
in unfavorable circumstances for such a departure.

To develop to the highest perfection possible the
mechanical school, carry out other contemplated im-
provements, and maintain the college course as a
whole in ita present high standing, will require the
whole attention and all the resources of the College
for some time to come.

There are several reasons why the procuring of a
ladies’ department would be an unwise measure.
Our course of study, unlike that of most colleges, is
not adapted to both sexes, henee would have to be
enlarged and modified to its certain detriment, unless
the expense be inereased to an extent unreasonable
to suppose that the College can afford. One of the
most striking advantages which this college possesses
over many others, is that it has not undertaken in its
eurricnlum more than it can accomplish; if has only
one course,but that courseis thoronghlyhandled. The
creat difficulty with a majority of our American col-
leges is that they have in their courses more studies
than can be the most successfully managed. They
endeavor to run a university with resources insufi-
cient to conduct a college having only a single course,
and aa a consequence none of their courses are at all
perfected.

The difficulty and expense of making the ladies’
department an industrial school to conform to the
present character of the College must not be over-
looked. And unless it is made such, there can be no
object in ita establishment, as the State already has
a normal school and a university for the higher edu-
cation of women. It is with difficulty that means
sufficient to satisfy the demands of the College are
now obtained from the State and it is not probable
that any considerable increase in the appropriations
ean be had in the near future. To divide the moneys
now granted with a ladies’ department must neces-
sarily embarrass the present course, and would be
too small to satisfactorily conduct an additional
school.

This great amount of talk about the moral, social
and refining influences which the presence of ladies
would exert is all very nice, and it cannot be disput-
ed that it would be true in a certain degree; but that

such influences and their benefits are overestimated
is equally true. The refinement and culture obtained
only by mingling in society,is without question, a
valuable auxiliary to a college education; but it is
not of prime importance, and should not be sought to
the detriment of intellectual culture,but should be inci-
dental thereto, Education alone is worth more than
refinement alone. Havine the intellectual training,
social culture will in time follow; but education will
never come as the result of the refinement and eul-
ture of society.

Those students who are so clamorous for the ad-
vent of the ladies’ department would find the change
not so agreeable as they imagine. Rules far more
strict than the present ones would have to be adopted,
and studenta be put under discipline that they would
now think very irksome. And aside from these con-
siderations it would very likely result in increasing
the annual expenses now required to take the course,

Were the College situated so that dormitories would
not have to be erected, and many other conveniences
provided, and were the course such that if would not
require to be materially changed, it would then be
policy to admit the girls by all means. Under the
present condition and circumstances, however, it is
not evident where such a course would result in de-
cided advantages,

To accommonate the military department, the time
given to manual labor has been reduced to two and
one-half hours. This is one half-hour in the right
direction, but is still crowding matters too much.
Classes close at 12 u., which leaves only forty-five
minutes for dinner and to report for drill. After
drilling one half-hour only fifteen minutes are allowed
to prepare for work and report to the several depart-
ments, and to be always on time is simply impossi-
ble. Especially is this the case on the farm. One
would naturally suppose from the way time is oceu-
pied here that it was a matter of life and death that
students be kept hard at work every moment. The
policy of thus endeavoring to completely fill all the
time is not very apparent. One of the objects of both
the labor and the drill is punctuality, and this is cer-
tainly not accomplished under the present arrange-
ments.

What is gained by keeping students in euch a hurry
from early morning till night as is done here? They
certainly cannot do the best of work with their
studies, It does not help matters much to say that
drill hours will probably be changed to come after
supper. It only takes the time from study hours and
cannot last for any longer time than the summer
term, for drill will have to be held at some other hour
during the spring and fall terms. Have the work
commence at 2 p.m. and the drill at lr.w. This
would give more time after dinner and more time be-
fore work, and still be giving sufficient time to man-
uallabor. Punetuality could then be required at all

| times, and thus one of the objects of both systems be
1)

THE COLLEGE 5PECULUM.,

attained, and the evils of the constant hurry be in
part overcome. There will then be duties sufficient
to keep students busy; no one can deny that too
much is now required to have everything done well.
A little less to do and that done well will be far more
profitable. Perhaps the only way to convince those
who think that drilling for only half an hour is a
small matter and not at all tiresome is to have them
try it for a time,

Since going to press the time for drill has been
changed to 6:30 p.a. This relieves the hurry at
noon, but only takes the time from another portion
of the day. Furthermore, the change can only be
temporary, and the drill must ba put at some other
time after the present term,

THe Lecturn delivered by Belva Lockwood before
the Students’ Lecture Association in the Lansing
opera-house was not a gratifying success, either finan-
clally, or as an intellectual treat. The rain in part
prevented what might have been a good audience, and
the fair lecturess effectually blcekaded one expected
source of revenue by exhibiting herself before the
State Legislature. ‘The cunning law-givers flattered
her vanity by sending a " special” committee inviting
her to appear in their presence. She could not refuse
this opportunity to “advertise the lecture” and her-
self, increase her notoriety, and show off before the
big men of state, The result was no one from the
Capitol attended the lecture, for they had seen the
monstrosity and few cared anything about the lee-
ture. Why people should have such a curious desire
merely to see noted persons is one of the unaceount-
able phenomena of human nature. Neither did this
specimen present a more strange appearance than
any other woman who would rather be a man.

The lecture, though fairly good, was still very com-
monplace as a literary production, and nothing in the
delivery tended to arouse the feelings of the audience
orexcite applause. The subject, Social and Political
life in Washington, was one particularly interesting
to an American audience, but would have been far
more entertaining and instructive had the lecturer not
strained every possible opportunity to say everything
which might in any way increase her notoriety.

She particularly enjoyed expressing. her opinions
on public questions and matters of governmental or
administrative policy—opinions which no one cared
the least about, except as a matter of curiosity,

Nevertheless the audience obtained some good ideas
of Washington and her people. The most marked
feature of life in the capital brought out was the part
played by the Washington women. The speaker in-
advertently showed her class to be the constantly dis-
turbing element of Washington life, their frivolous
rivalries and jealousies keeping society in a constant
state of commotion. She very thoroughly developed
in the minds of the andience, the idea that had Belva
Lockwood been raised to the position of chief magis-
trate, the all-absorbing topics discussed by the admin-

istration would have been, who should be the best.
dressed woman, appear with the grandest turnout;
who should oeeupy the most conspicuous pew at
chureh or the most distinguished position at a public
banquet, and who should be the lady of first impor-
tanee in Washington reeeptions,

Ixy a previous number of the Srecunom was dis-
cussed the propriety of detailing a member of the
higher classes to act as guide for visitors at the Col-
lege,

We are informed that this has been the practice in
previous years and that the plan worked well, but
that for some unaccountable reason was discontin- -
ued. There seems to be an imperative demand for
some such arrangement as this, especially during the
summer term.

A great many persons visit the College during this
term, and it would be a matter of advertisement could
some means be devised by which visitors might be-
come better acquainted with the plans of the school.
people coming here obtain bat very imperfect ideas
of the place and see only a small portion of the things
of interest to be seen. Were there some one to point
out and explain these things, show the opportunities
for study here, and the advantages offered by the
school, it would certainly be of no little benefit. By
thus better spreading information in regard to the
College many friends would be attracted to it, who
would otherwise be indifferent and perhaps opposed
to the school.

This would at the same time stimulate among the
students a desire and interest to instruct themselves
respecting numerous things on the grounds that a
large part of them now know little or nothing about.
How many have very complete ideas of the manner
the grounds are laid out and buildings constructed
and situated with relation to beauty, safety, and util-
ity of the opportunities for studying botany, garden-
ing, farming; the facilities for the study of chemistry,
entomology, and other sciences, and of the practical
workings of the institution in general? Only a very
small proportion,

_ By appointing students to inquire into these things
in order to point them ont to visitors would spread

‘much information among the students, and stimulate

them to observe these things and thus become of last-
ing benefit to visitors to the College, and to the stu-
dents themselves.

Tat THERE bas been no such thing as hazing in
our College for nearly two years will be gratifying to
all those who have so long wished to see an end to
this great “ bug-bear” of college life.

Its maintainance here for so long a time even in a
mild form and ite final overthrow are good illustra-
tions of the force of custom in college ways, and of
its logs of power when onee that eustom is broken.

The practice was kept up, not because it was
thought to be right or expedient, or even thought to
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM,

ll

be harmless; neither was it done asa markof enmity |

toward the freshmen; but it was continued partially
for the sport of it, but principally because it was the
eustom. Every class must keep up its honor and
reputation, each must do as the class before had
done, or they would be looked upon by their college
mates as lacking in pluck and courage: whereas,
they only showed a want of that very element in do-
ing as they did; they had not the manliness to stand
up for the right in the face of the opinions of their
fellows. It required only a very small degree of
pluck for a gang of “bloody sophs” to eome out in
the dead of night with hideous noises, buckets of
water, and squirt guns to frighten the innocent fresh-
men, That sort of proceeding is without doubt at an
end here, The juniors siding with the freshmen one
year, and the succeeding junior class threatening to
do the same on the following year have broken up the
custom, and that being the leading cause for the prac-
tice it is not likely to be renewed.

There is disappearing with this, however, another
feature of college society, and one which cannot be
considered altogether an evil, Referenee is made to
class feeling. Few can have failed to notice the de-
erease of class spirit during the last year. It is not
at all unlikely that with the advent of students in the
mechanical school, when classes will consequently be
more divided, that it will be a question of only a short
time when class feeling will be a feature of the past.

Tt cannot in justice be said that such a change will
be wholly desirable; for it is this spirit that serves as
a tie to hold the members of a class together in the
firmest bonds of friendship; it imparts to a class
ambition and energy. If it is not carried to extrenres
it becomes one of the motive powers which very ma-
terially aid in keeping alive many of those social in-
stitutions which go to make college life pleasant and
profitable.

THE GOVERNMENT in the dormitories is a matter
wholly under the control of the students, and has
come to that pass where it should receive prompt and
vigorous attention. For the spring term in some
wards no officers at all were elected, in others it was
practically the same, and none did their full duty.
‘he order in some wards has been at times almost
unbearable.

This sort of thing cannot long continue. Under
the new administration there will certainly be a
change somewhere. President Abbot has given full
and fair warning to the effect that if the students:
government did not give better attention to the en-
forcement of rules and the preservation of order, it
would in all probability be supplanted by some other
and sterner system of government.

We cannot but entertain the opinion that the pres-
ent system of maintaining order is the best method
that could be devised providing it. be enforced and its
provisions carried out: but as it stands now it is al-
most a dead letter, The system has degenerated
woefully in the last few terms.

1

ter of pride that the system of self government be pre-
served here, and made if possible even more suecess-
ful than it has been at times in the past, for the
reason that this is about the only college in the
United States where it has for any length of time
been used with so flattering a degree of success.

If a new mode of government is substituted for the
present, it is not at all unlikely that it will be much
severer and one in which the governed will have little
or no voice. Henee the conclusion is forced upon us
that if the students of the Agricultural College are
wise and know what is for their best interests, they
will at once take steps to revive their system of gov-
ernment and make it effective. They must not ex-

pect seniors to do this; it is the lower classes who are
interested.

FREQUENT REMARKS are heard of late on the subject
of making the labor system elective: and it is said
that our new President favors such a move. We are
unable, however, to verify the latter statement, but
hope it is not true.

li such a step is ever taken it will be good-bye to
the success of the labor system and must result in
the loss to the Agricultural College of its distinetive
feature. It never has worked the most satisfactorily
in those institutions where it has been made elective
and it never can. Boys in general, and especially
eollege boys, will not work unless obliged to do so.
Most of those who now think they would work, were
the system made elective, would, we are confident,
soon lose their good intentions. Remove the compul-
sory feature and not one-half of the boys now in col-
lere would work; and the influence of those who did
not would soon have the effect to draw away many
of those who did. It would attract to the College
many of that class who now stay away because of the
manual labor required, which would exert a still fur-
ther injurious effect tending to bring it into disrepute,
A healthy sentiment among the students in favor of
the system, or at least one that does not look upon
it as disreputable, is absolutely necessary to its suc-
cessful operation; and making it elective would cer-
tainly not help matters in this direction, It would be
but a short time before none above the freshman
elass would elect the labor, and a large share of that
class would not. Other interest would take the place
of the work hours and the whole matter would be-
come a complete farce.

Tae Ivwerovep condition of the dormitories is one
thing which the alumni who visit their Alma Mater
this year eannot fail to notice. Many of those who
will have a desire to visit their old rooms will hardly
be able to recocnize them.

The movement in this direction began three years
ago, when the occupants were allowed to paper their
rooms and afterwarils to paint and otherwise improve
them at their own expense, Besides very much im-
proving the appearance of the rooms this has had

It ought to be a mat- | the effect to create a considerable pride and emula-
12

THE COLLEGE 5PECULUM.,

tion in the eare of them, resulting in a very marked
increase in cleanliness and order. This spirit for
fixing up has continued until to-day the very poorest
class of rooms are in as good condition as were the
best rooms when the present senior class entered.
To add to what the students have done, the College
has taken the matter in hand and repaired and fixed
up the halls and many of the rooms, while the officers
in charge of the dormitories make it their business
to see that rooms are cleaned each term either by the
occupants or by persons hired for the purpose. This
must gratify all lovers of cleanliness and good order,
will bea pleasing change to the alumni, and is exert-
ing a wholesome influence on the etudents in culti-
vating habits of taste and neatness.

InForRMATION coming from numerous sourees indi-
eates that the attendance at the Alumni Reunion this
year will be unusually large. Since the last gather-
ing nearly one hundred have been added to the alum-
ni, making a total of over three hundred. It is es-
pecially desirable that the attendance this year shall
be large. Very many changes and improvements
have been made since the last meeting, and more are
in progress which will be well advaneed by Com-
mencement, 80 that the alumni will see much to inter-
est them; and they will need to come often or their
Alma Mater will grow beyond their recognition.

A large gathering will keep alive interest in the
welfare of the College, and will be an impetus to the
new era upon which she seems about to enter. Let
every alumnus come, then, who possibly can, and not
only alumni but every old student. Renew your love
and patriotism for your Alma Mater by contact with
her surroundings; inform yourselves of her condition
and possibilities, and so be able to give a good and
intelligent report of her work, and by spreading knowl-
edge of her advantages, aid in extending her intiu-
ence and usefulness.

Aun wHo have occasion to direct mail matter for
the College should take especial care to direct, Agri-
cultural College, Ingham County, Mich. The word
Lansing should not appear in the address, as all mail
thus directed remains in the Lansing office.

COLLEGE NEWS.

a ee ee

The grove south of Williama Hall ls to be made into a lawn.

Prof. Harrower spent last vacation with frienda at Ann Arbor.

The barn near the greenhouse, for the florist, is nearly com-
pleted.

A grapevine of no mean length now adorns the botanical
museum,

Thirty-two Seniors expect to graduate, if they can make up
for lost tine.

De. Beal is still industriously engaged in making his eollec-
tion in forestry.

There has been, recently, an addition of a number of apectos
to the arboretum.

The plants in the Wilkl Garden have been redirranged and
some ahrubs added.

A number of plaster casts have been purchased as models for
the class in drawing.

a ali al

There has lately been added to the Bo-anical Museum a typical
collection of fossil plants.

“Talks Afleld" is the title of Prof. Balloy's “excellent Little
book on plants and flowers,”

During vacation a fine stereopticon was added to the appa-
roatus in the Chemical Laboratury.

Ninety stand of arms have been forwarded by tha Tl. 8. Gov-
emment for the use of the College cadets,

Mrs. Merrill, during vacation, finished tha work that she
begun last winter in the University Library.

A neat barn and woodshed have been built by Prof. Bailey,
Our grounds will soon improve in thal direction.

Among improvements contemplated on the farm are better
watering tanks for the stock, and a new windmill.

A span of four-year-old Clyde mares, black in color, have
been purchased from Mr. Jas. M. Turner, for the farm.

Tho vacancies in the apple orchard have been filled. In two
nmionths, it is said, there will be no grass to be seen there.

The appropriation of $1,500 for the Zoflogical will be
chiefly expended in obtaining o full collection of Michigan
birds,

The old root-ew lar in the vegetable garden has been removed,
and that knoll presents a new and tidy appearance in a new
dress.

Prof. Johnson some time ago purchased a very fine-bred ten-
months-old Short-horn bull from the herd of T. 0. Anderson, at
Bideview, ky.

New coal bins near the boiler-house are now nearly com-

pleted. The bing have a capacity of 350 tons, and were made
by the students.

Mr. J. KR. Newton, "85, represented the mombers of M.A. C,
at the national convention of the Young Men's Christian Asao-
elation, held in Atlanta.

Prealdent Abbott apent his vacation in Ypsilanti. He visited
geveral Classes in thea State Normal School, and reports that
institution in beautiful order.

The plants have been transplanted from the greenhouse to
the beds. The good weather has caused thom to assume a
remarkably neat appearance.

The hot beds on the Horticultural Department have done well
this year. They have been an attractive and instructive feature
in the work of the department.

President Willits and Hon, Henry Chamberlain were made
delegates by the State Board to the convention of agricultural
eolleges to be held in Washington aboul June 24th.

On looking over the list of atudies in the new catalogue we
we are surprised and pleased to notice that a short course in
buainess law has been introduced by President Willets,

The vineyard south of Wells' Ha'l has received a fertilizing
with bones buried beneath the vines. This vineyard ja now
known as Vineyard No. 1, while that northwest of Prof. Carpen-
ters is Vineyard No, 2

U. &. Sevator T. W. Palmer, in his recent speech before the
Legislature, congratulated that body on its wise liberality
toward the Agricultural College.

Many changes are being made on the grounds, prominent
among which are the removal of unnecessary and crowded ever-
greens, the setting of screens about Williams’ Hall and back of
Wella’ Hall, the redrranging of drives, abo,

Dr. Grange hopes to be abla to get the papier mache horse in
time for an exhibit at the State fair next fall. The State Board
directed him to make a veterloary exhibit, but if the horse
does not come it must neveasarily be postponed,

The flne lot of bexonias now in blossom at the greenhouse are
woll worth visiting. Mr. Knappor koeps them under lock, 80
that people with weak wills will not be too strongly tempted, as
they surely would be if alowed to visit them alone.

Mra, Belva A. Lockwood, under the auspices of the I, 8. L. A,
delivered o lecture in the Opera House May 6. The aubject
was, “Social Life in Washington.” ‘The lecture in some of lta
paris was gol, but on the whole it was a trifle tedious.

The old vegetable garden is taklog on a new aspect. The
south ha'f is being made into the fruit garden, comprising all
lending hardy fruits and many curious and desirable novelties.
It ls proposed to lay down all blackberries and raspberries dur-
ing winter,

The offeers of the various literary soclolloa are as follows:
Delta Tau Delta--President, J. A. Dart: Secretary, D. L. Davi-
aon. Fhi Delta Theta—President, BE, R. Lake: Secretary, C. ML.
Underhill, Union Literary Society—President, F. M. Wood-
manses; Secretary, H. W. MeArdie, Eclectic Boclety—Presl-
dent, J. ¥, Clark; Seoretary, B. B. Smith.
TUF

COLLE EH

RP a Lat A. 13

1. 7

Peel, Mehauth, inacad? eamlear bere Tule lar, detend te
Vinkh ify ooheeds aul etact aoecens buen for acudlenta, Fes wid
Jexantie ail amplinadde fue mdeulsaion cb The SHAULH sthniz
He will wee questloue prewdlel ly css cosmlar exandnize een.
reithen we tia CTabbares. , oe

Dercuuhal leeris aonb rare nquadie oaths, to cae cndie oF 239
hive bow acded to lae will garden. Ariane: Lin maya. LLe ularita
te a pith satinky wl Wie gardesen whit: water Ly (rewae anki
aderelt, vatlely row). Fhlé is foe clintuesat Wecdy water
Hliy koown anywliere. - . ,

Tuc dtewards clocted for Lhe present teri ene wea follows
late 8a." Bok Smile: Clih 713" a, J. fakery» Chay a
T, A. Blacloy p Cll a WAL Kine: Clin 4S IT, &,
Valor. Gob 2 owlll tuake a esata andi toe bare tin
putes af Ware dow to Fe wo wees,

Bre Birtata, the Devedan at hae feed, aid dais cette Faye Lett
te Pale, My Preble fe tbee-in-lary bein in wut health, KLr,
Birtel Aad fone te maiige) bile Fasc near Butucle. Lp, T. E.
Border da dane achinir Forguag ae iho fist, and Ae. @, WW,
Ayres amid wits ara is cho Jac hinse.

President Wuolla, ul ble Sloaba lien), suel Frat, doltoscan
daciug resalion, attended de Weretar) an) Aberdeen Aseria
ea lis af Tiurliizsl & Uondyell Ri a a “Thew jee Li aed tran)
Uviclord gove anil one. taro-yoar-oli heiter, au Aiwtus Lull
woe pordhised Pur experienc lewline.

Dry Heal baa ditely cecaived fram Fos) Schumueser, of
Aliron, WH anuplos of vernal prodnets in tlie earls stacees
al intuufacee, Cucn, wosat, wre, mid mate aes atl stern,
There spactmans are du dl-e cline Lottlvs in the uestanirgl
THU, A a Wel Worth jugkiuge we, .

The Coloate now teeeives al deel a olag Te, Wore, oth
His Wager. danves Ue Callers at 6:18 AC Mo aedat Ldn. A,
ng darks Meee Leieiog For the Gadlaee of 14. Med ae ab.
M. Any paraca who due tapped to we to Lansing cam thus
tide oul aus wielh Wie Colleen wh anill capeuse,

Fx-Gametezama Horr deliveral a very dutotesting aid sealer
levturk ic Ga chiagel May. The suljectoor $4 dlvevurer cas
“idiviluule:n, ar ‘Vakine Care of Na bo Gloyernag AMET,
Fepresetitive dteRwlib, sie the adie vl cas deuatieg Rgel-
eam wire oreseul, wd anch responded tu Lhe call for a apeson,

Thea crops un dhe fare ars ina dawtahtie eomdieclon, ‘Dues
vmuings Welds are onaigosd aa Mellowss: Wa a, be tua el
experinionial nlatis; Mo. 1. Oy pastor: No. fi, ay pease, pobebcu,
Cut, atid wincet: AO. Be woeits Bun 7) by mastuee: Mo. 8, byt
wake; Bow i le eurup es. 10 gu 11, be titeukua: Mos. i ard
13, ey pustuoe: Ale dd, le Gorn: Nes. 1 ang 18) ber pasha.

The State Fah Cesnmiesion inteuidls fa expend qoite x sen al
Torey on dhe pails her the mire cacy al bh Cahese, Pick
Obl Lane Fara Ae aTie pa tho tends ladle Taab recur, ane]
Th CRT} FADE TTR Ee lee een. Te leet oo tp are oD teuctmics
WILLE Lee RLLruari vio Wiis a STOEL teil. ae thea tie Ue fat etal
dike Mowe Lb is anid Far the tate eared ? and Club igi"
thal baey are yard palalabus.

AC oid baey Suniel was arcavised at the Collore April £7. for
Cho queers ay geovidine far ligaraey werk ol a military atiar:
Melee, aud Wie dieeuseled of midibece bomies. ‘lhe mamberasip
1p Wendled to aigern oft che REA. CL ewvdel pers. la ediieers
far thea suns ter are: Dresigenl, Lieglenant Leelowwd,
bande offieer of lis batbulion ; Aeurelary, seceeanh Guaysis.
Tha Boeiehy meets feck bey, du Tueloe aftecuuus

Tos Callens Ge se nl Lemon Lis foie pasovirriiiend es Lolfecars:
EO. amit, @ and Carikbelo: To B, Tiates. py 1 Tie Twn, let,
WE, Gamingn, 21, 7. Th Hinelbaneh, Bi, 4, BR. Anlgon, 3, ¢.;
Hisitiard Eellln, ei: 0. FP. Tawaen, a. ty B. li. Teales, 1. %,) 0.
Vo Aehnaidee, manger, “Che tes hea eleends wan chrae vic
Lartes Pit thie dango tlie, ated a pees Co PY La TTL bors
Ane Aa eid shot Beano and apostles will Trecnoik. ‘Laew
Gapect, ow, tu play at Welsoerville Jule dtl

Te shapes Uno dit ney ieehanioad bidlding will be dade ta
Huperiutenienca of Prof. Carpealer, whee toll copes elziilecl
workmen for sneh shop. dn this wav il bs belted fla) sluduvits
fan duvive shall al cemiuereiad viulac as well aa Ceasers ng"! Jive
te da.” repicdiess of the Ure invalyed. Bor some tine ot
feast Lins prbicionl ward iu dle saeu8 will he an Lends for ues in
the slope, THe onthe deo rrarking vavhea arama te
ofler the sesh Fell teeth Ceeen aur lieetiacil aeack ep eu
Bland crib.

The flees of the Btabe Agriendhpeat Semdety of bie tate
Jlumtesttucal Scletar add oP cha Blake Grrageery teiviogg Lewy
Joyita ly tit Stata Thence) ol Agrrivulogre, nue, ac the Colleze
duge ') ALL FOAL Wie abuderte deertoller] in the ceagrel Le
lletec bis hit wet lish an aApeceliea, fan, CoO. Ines warmly
advotubael wedhlucalinn at Li College, and wag niogt twrtily
Apweatadini A Tianhe ad vlber apeeclina were made, Ale. dis.

ee ee het)

are ee ide

—_"

Mo Turner moeed che sppalutnertet a a icuthboe vo wait aT, -

Gar, Alser mid neg Lhe appointment of Tn. Grange es Stata
FVearnrivurinn. The burs were weil pleaned at thei caeape fron
WOU for Tie arkerngon, and ehenred als tle epoeehes wel.

ths Hostivulturel Deparlieet ts cExaugirating a sracom of
atupatiotad labur teil proteieen guael madara. ‘Chia flab
ATIPE Was TO Ll ring of raapeeciies. A Dew neues se
“1 bth OF the jotle: class wera piven a Len quite as balk Eur ibe
sarden offee on tle erarneters of Lig classes of rasnhervies,
the diterences io uitligle of tieatment belwenw Ute, raether
with cuucise irestlons for proniog: and studying ibe dillecent
Kinds: zd immediately thercetter Fentarnace Halley aacanpa-
ried the atodents co tlie beery pateh and weeded with Linea
LOGE they hid a thorguel bicw of tha aubkjevts. The scudents
have vheerfully aided tea work, ae the sulsfectinm appears to
he cob, Other laber o® this aoré is followlow

AL the taeehiog of the Bate Boor of Agriculture in April the
Pollawile eee were passed oon tlie death of dion. Ht,
Wer anda ecpy of them directed to be gent usdar seal bo lis
nical,

Wares. The Ton, Tserkiah &, Wells, who died al bls
home in the elty of Kaleuieao uo April €, LAa%, fell el yours
Mi one, HA tariyer of Shia Guan for 4a yeaa, and meat
uw? chat ting President :

Herald. Tat Fhe Reale Gueed ot Ageloutinre deelres bo
BA PEARH AN] bse on reacid Lieic apprectitien of oot whe wis
LOL Ligctearabin strel distinguished! pellis offset, an esoulonb alll
eo, bud a pood hYshanl tha loss of whoa will be bane felt Dv
the gellir, hia velglbers. ard dla foily.

Preesiluut athot asd Fir. Kedede, from Cie Gollega, attended
hin funasal din Tuulninsges, A very fue Bowpiat uf dluwece was
sue fri the erauule use.

At the fita anaunl eniventind of the Toter-colleglate bebe
Arenciation of Lllernicyt Socieiss at Ann Achat, the delegatos
fit Ber ieleerina* of AL A, peport a pluie aod prota
Ole sean. ‘Vrere were about Clini deluralas prasent, and
Qlwerk nivel hrepicacly ontertaMed by the Alplo Nus. «In the
anaalin, for tla: discussion of aaniety provi, ame other papers,
dhe anette The Beuefile Derived is Lluisiaess Meethies," wan
peoscecezet Tee WR. Haramoml, 766, of Lenslos, Theko wre no
alle eulérigintient eiget. at University Tall tn the eveuleg
A Tage oudicuecs war in atzerndance. Atiang the oaoreises
naked hey Phe Aietetgenm drgovrad woe “boone, Bh porto Ay
WY. hark, of Lancing, cxeelleih is ibe wulra wid worling,
Seer itd Faigle was That Tha wee.” AMO etkSs olottik
Iu vereolivea saagion, in the pragean cormlites: uppetare la
THANE OL FT, Fisker, “SU. al our Gellooe. mod i cha execite
eHMInithes the name of andthor of ouc Fuidwiy DA. Witoey,
appear” as chairnan,

Ths diinkise wader foc WFratle Lall th ee supplied from tha
Oh weila. the weat ood of the bai leetoad of frou cua well aut
the freeshenve. A pipe tas been abtucbed below the eround
ai) ens off iia Laval indo the winevard, The water iloas eou-
etauliy. oul is thus kept clear. The water 7eant thia well and
thea well ab Willlains Wall has con oalyacd by De. Ketlwiis with
Lloat fil wire resus

Welliuras Walla

‘Re Hall.

Putal sofida in iva. Bal. ee ee Te TF te
Ceram atte. ee a ee eee aif 6.58
Minwirdl oinkier 2.0.0 Jee eee ee eee ee eeeee)) LG 15,3
Chui: aE Suadiwa 22.22.2222 -------- ee Lil FIRE,
Tries dorptiine [rt TWEE ee Wid lu
AUD Eyazyy 09 ITEC a DCE 2 ee IN Twin,
Nilruliga.. 22. 2-2 eee ee eee ee eee eee eee LHe. Bune.
Nibciles . as cee ee eee cee ee te eee Pee tes Thu Li.

The Peanntiva conveithaed of tha Biate desdeuitiead Socetv
mil ot the Btate qrange acepted the dollowine resuluciona ot
*hait vent mination dere: . .

itesotved, Thebwe love preab saulslactien jo expressine unr
Wide, wil ehowing caniidancs in Preatdent Ato. and dase:
ta record oon Chia oeearslon auc eh corel that bie bealth smd
Hee dead big racuwlog Crem the peosigestlal onal We are,
Laweyer, glad da keer dhiak his connection with bhe inatifution’
aa eit Aye,

Tue Lollowing res utlins were naantioamslp alooted iy tha
Slate Agrlhulvucal Socle yp at tale tesenk meering hore:

‘Hun, Ged, in Wis Penvidanca, aa camered trem or
BEPOW re beer oma of fle ule ml Lrapertilest Weruires, i772 ble
AEE ULL al tia, A, oh Wel-a, a An wire fewer dle firs ie Urn i
lingo? the Bate Acticulhiral Cocky vacoeninad 124 power for
ussite nes 1 athinalatiow tat tha highest efosta the er evt arming
interests of oar Shue, avd whe blecouegh all its wacked Gietors
never Taileel of peuaial noacecn In is aduual Dates, er in ay
Bou Laat oniebt peed tie preeth ar dlevelopueul vl Lhe
neigilbuck cluases in inagenca acy pow-r. Fla gave ils time
Bia aal thus Cor alricsh tyelve yeaa wikhsoud penuubiry oon
Silecwbiocs, lie Una work af pliesios wow bind, dirs freudution,
14

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

the Michigan Agricultural College, which 1s accomplishing 60
much apparent and proapective good to our farmers and
mechanics, and exemplified in his own life and character the
great American ideal of a wise, unostentatious, and public
spirited sitizen; therefore, ;
Resolved, That we, the executive committee of the Michigan
Agricultural Society, express our 2enae of personal loss in his
removal from our midat, which we deeply feel and sincerely
regret that we shall no more have the benefit of his wisdom in
our counsels or the pleasure of his genial preacnce in our

annual meetings.
PHILG PAnsons,

Witten J, BaxTER,
Ww. UHAMBERLAIN,
Committee,

Tot New Bouinpines.—-The contract for erecting the new
buildings has been let to Fuller & Wheeler, of Lansing, for
$23,333. The mechanical building will occupy the present site
of the piggery. The piggery will be removed to some dislance
beyond the tool baro, and the garden barns will also be
removed to give itroom. The extreme dimensions of this build.
ing are T3x]00 feet. Itwill contain ao shop for tron working
o0g33 feet, with side gulleries for hand work, moklog the total
floor surface 2,040 square feet. The blacksmithing and foundry
work will be dona in a detached wooden building for the pres-
ent, The shop for wood-working will be 27x50 feet, with
gallories, making the total floor surface 2,160 square feet. Hoth
shops have overhead and sidelizht, with ample provision for
yenulation, During thea next two years, the instruction in
wood-working will be confined to the use of hand tools; in iron.
working, however, a complete lina of machine tools will ba put
in, including lathes, planers, drills, shapers, ete. This building
Will alao contain class-rooms in the north part. This part ia two
stories in hight, with the addition of a tower, Ita extrame
dimensions are 30x73 feet. The first floor will be o¢ecupled by
Prof. McLouth, as a lecture room and physical laboratory. Tho
aubject of mechanica will be taught on this floor. The labora-
tory will be well equipped fur physleal experiments, and for the
mantfacture of physical apparatus. Prof. MeLouth intends to
make ail apparatus needed for hla own work and will possibly
manufucture apparatus for sale. This will be an important
feature of the shop practice. The second atory will contain a
room for drawing, # blue print closet, and offles for the superin-
tandent of the shop. The room for drawing will be well
lighted and admirably sulted for ite purpose. The military hall
will be located on the west sile of the brook and directly west
of College Hall, Its extreme dimensions are G3x1ll4 feet, The
drill room will ba 60x98 feet, without a pillar init. The floor
will be made of cedar block pavement, nileely laid. The build.
ing will also contain an armory and two private rooms for the
officer in charge. The building is toe be made of white brick
with red pilasters. The Veterinary Hall will be located north
and west of the old carpenter shop, The extreme dimensions
are Jis70 fect, Over the entrance to the main part is placed a
horse's head. The maln part will be Jés40 feet. On the flest
floor will be an office and museum; on the second floor a cluas-
room like Prof. Cook's. Inthe rear will ba an operating room
J0x30 feet, equipped with the necessary appliances Between
the operating room and the class-room there will be a hoist for
lifting heavy bodies,

Library Notes,

Alter a heroic stru
a few plates,

A stout cane, an immense jack knife, a handkerchief, and a
napkin await owners.
The ten students from Barry eounty gave us their photo-
graph, wand visitors frequently ask © Are those the professore }*
Liberty enlightening the world has a place in one of our
alcoves, and she seems to have brightened up the corner a good
eal,
We boast some fine new, walnut body, cane seat chairs, and

there is a prospect of lincleum to cover our floors before com
mencement,

Look on your shelves and sea if you have borrowed volume
1, Stithsonlan Miscellaneous Collections, or the Journal of the

Royal Agricultural Society for 1867, TI
utkiown persons, Gleky for 1H67 wy are both loaned to

Two of the plants sent over by Mr. Knapper have wor tl
foe oes ams for three and a half weeks. and they ate good
OF At ash one more, The ivy presente , Mis ‘ris
growing sizerousns ¥ presented by Miss Harrison is

The civisions in the library
Architecture, Engineering,

‘gle our set of Littell is completed, except

are now Dictionaries,

Maragines,
Astronomy, “

Mathematies and Phy-

SS ae

sica, Chemistry, General Sclence, Medilelne, Zotlogy, Botany,
Horticulture, Agriculture, Michigania, United States Docu.
ments, Geology, Education, Statisties, Political Economy,
Blography, Geography, History, Fiction, Poetry, Drama and
Shakeperiana, Criticlam, Philosophy, Religion. A amall collee-
tlon of works on Fine Arta waite a place, The above seems to
make the bookroom an open page to those who have any ideg
what subject the book they want treats upon, We promise to
have pamphlets and allin order before September next. A late
visitor declares that he has an interest in every book here, as he
has paid taxes in Michigan sixty-two years; he is hale and
cheery and looks likely to weleome the assessor several yeara
Ongar,

Natural History.

At the meeting of the Natural History Society, April 17th,
Mr, Gillet made a few remarks on a freak in nature, the © freal"
being an extra joint in one of the maxilliary palpai of a grasa-
hopper, Mr, Stanley presented some notes on the anatomy of
the mud puppy. Mri. B. Bates gave the result of his obger.
vations on the evaporation of water frum leaves. Mr. L. G.
Carpenter described the gold mines of Golorado, especially
those of Gilpin Co, near Central City and Black Hawk, about
forty miles weet of Denver, whence most of the wold fuund in
Colorado comes, Te gave a narrative of the trip up the Clear
Creek gorge to reach the mining camps, and the diffleultics over.
come by the rallroad ii astendime tho tortious gorge, in depth
from 700 to 1,500 feet. There are curves of 33°, and the aver.
ave grade for 24 miles exeseds 125 feet per milo. Blackhawk
can be described asa city a mile lone, 60 feet wide at the bot-
tom, amd S00 feet high, it being built on the sides of a narrow
forge, Central City, 6.514) feet above the sen, is a eontinuation
of it, Gold is found In placers or in deep mines. In the placer
tines it is found in form of dust scattered through the material
worn from the mountains ty the elements. These mines are
the first found and soonest exhausted. The essential prin-
ciple of the operation of freelmy the gold consists in washing
away the gravel, which is Hghter than the gold, In the
Simplest forme, with the cradle or the pan, ne capital is required.
The fanous Gregory diguinga, which caused the excitement of
1459, were in the outskirts of Blackhawk. Flacer dizging is
StL carried on in this region, though continued for 27 years, and
though the soil has been ¢leaned down to bedrock in many
Places, and washed over and over, the ¢ars pasa for miles
through these operations. The moatoxtensive placer mines are
near Breckinridge, on the Pacifle slope, which Mr. Carpenter
afterwards passed throuzth, The existence of placers indicates
an outcrop of gold ore in the watershed above, The ore oocurs
in velng between walle of granite or porphyry, intermingled
with more or less of rock termed gangue rock, and other min-
eras, silver and lead are usually associated, and often copper.
In Central City and Blackhawk mines open on tle principal
street. Abandoned shafts are everywhere, making it wneafe for
anunwary traveler. The deepest, the California, is now work-
ing on the 2,00) feet level, As the ore comes from the mine it
is sorted according to its value by pickers, Assays are made
and bide given by the smelting companies. It is sold by the
cord, which weighs from seven to eight tons. Some kinds of
ore will pay expenses of working at 86 per ton, but it is not
often worked if the ore runs less than $40. In some places,
owing to expense of transportation, ore running less than $150
is thrown on the dump. Gilpin county, a small area around
Contral City, produced last year nearly $3,000,000 In gold
alone. Mr. Carpenter hid photographs of the places men-
tioned, and showed many specimens of gold ore of different
values from various localities, On Friday, May 15, instead of a
regular meeting of the Natural History Society, the Society
and others spent t o evening in the botanical Inboratory to
enjoy the microscopical exhibition given by the Sophomore
class in botany. Some twenty or more members of the class
were each provided with a powerful compound microscope, and
had prepared a number of specimens showing some of the
wouders of laut life. Bacterla, whose study has recently
become of 80 much importance from the connection of mem-
bers of the family with disease, were shown swarming in a
drop of water, F, R. Smith had specimens of diatoms. C.
Stith a section showing flbrovascular bundles; C. Waldron o
section of the tradeseantia; H, 8, Thiers, scalariform or ladder
shaped vessels; O. C. Wheeler, a section of grass showlng the
livgroseopic cells; W. C. Hall, showed onk cella, and F. J, Free
showed stomata or breathing pores of leaves. The effect of
alcohol in contracting protoplasm was shown by L B. Bates,
and beautiful forms of pollen graina were presented by H. L.
Chapin; I. E. Robinson showed the effect of cooking on starch;
ft. W. MeCulloch exhibited the movernent of protoplasm in the
hairs on the squash vive: AE. Gilbert, eryatals, found in the bark
of the locust and fucheia, and E. W. Redman showed hairs from
Hants. At another Microscope was the section of a petal

THE COLLEGE SPFEOULUM. 15

shown by H.H, Winde; Mr. Samson showed the conjugation
of two ces; J. N. Estabrook and Guy Arnold showed oscellitora
and chlorococeus, The former moves with a alouous, snake.
like motion, The latter grows by division, several cella form-

ing Ina mother cell, whieh finally burst, Liberati 4
formed daughter-cells. , ‘ aling the newly

Roster of the M. A.C. Cadet Corps.

Colonel, Lieut.J. A. Lockwood, 17th U, 8. Infantry.
Adjutant and Quartermaster, J. A. Dart,

COMPANT A,
Captain, " : : : . KW. Hemphill, Jr,
lst Bergeant, .  . , . ©. 0. Dunham,
Qd do. . ; . . . G. E. Sprang.
od do. . ‘ * * . . W. 8. Baird,
4th do, a 4 ' * a + * W, AA Kithnan.
Sth do. a a a 1 ii * ‘ T. DTD. Hlnehauels,
lst Corporal, : 7 «+ « ; : W. K. Clute.
ad do. . : : . . . » , T, Law-on.
COMPANY B.
Captain, ‘ . ; co os . 0. D. Wiley.
1st Sargeant, . . : ‘ ‘ F. &. Hough,
Od da, . aa. &. Dixon,
ad do. : . . E. BR. Lake
4th cao. ‘ ‘ . F. &. Davis
fth do, . : L G. Palmer,
let Corporal, ._@. 7. Jakway,
ad do. W.E. Gammon. ¢

ee

a

ees.

PERSONALS. _

Tuk Editor of this Department desives tho earnest co-operation of
the alumniin diding him to fll thease colomns with interesting items.
Give arcupation since graduation, what offices held, whether married
or not ele. Let Lois receive prompt attention from every alumna

K, E. Caine, of ‘Th, is farming at Baltle Creek.

0. PF. Shilling, of 'Ts, is a druggist at Decatur.

A. W. Mather, of ‘83, is farming at Esler, Dakota.

DB, F. Griswold, of "75, is. an aplirist at Northvilie.
Alice Johnson, #4, is teaching school near Williamston.
A. Horton, of ‘76, is married, and farming at Fowlerville,

C. 3B. Charles, of "79, is married, and farming at Bangor.

A. H. VWoiirht, of 'S1,ls book-keeping at Loa Angeles, Cal,

c. W. Ball, of ‘73, is married, and book-keeping at Evart.

J. 8. Murtrice, of ‘75, is married, and still at Harbor Springs,
B. A. Mevina, of “75, of Otsego, is married and has one child.
C. J. Rawson, of ‘74, is a grain and prodace dealer at Decatur,

W. A. Rowe, 73, mourns the death of his wife a short thne
aloce,

W. T. Langley, ‘82, la teaching a grad d school at St. Ausger,
Iowa,

W. H. Goaa, of "82, is married, and farming at Bangor. He
has ene child,

Cc. W. Ball, '73, has a prominent position with o large lumber
firm at Evart.

H. E. Gibson, of ‘05, is in the grocery business at Detroit,
and ia married.

E. H. Hunt, of 77, is farming at Saranac, He is married and
has two children

def, H. Irish, of "33, is in the real catate business at Bottle
Lake, Minnesota.

H. F. Buskirk, of °78, is farming at Bradley.
and haa one child.

Daniel & Lincoln, of ‘$1, is married and engaged In horticult-
ure at Big Rapids,

Dustin C. Oakes, of '74, is banking at Shelby, and expects to
be at alumni reunion.

L. A. Lilly, of 77, is farming at New Sharon, He Js married
and has two children.

Frank E. Robson, ‘78, of Lansing, is married to a young lady
from Cleveland, Ohio.

H. P. Jenney, of ‘74, ls teaching at Jeddo, He is married
and has two children.

(. E. Miller, of ‘72, took the degree of M.D. at Rush Med-
ical Vollewe in '79, and is now practicing at Cadillac. He is
married and has three children.

ae

He is married

Jackson,

T. F. Millspaugh is farming at Lyons, Mich., and expects to
attend alumni reunion,

W. F. Delano, of '81, of the U. 8. signal service, hopes to
attend alumui reunion,

Jay Sessions, of ‘74, la farming at Maple Rapids. He ia mar-
ried and has one child.

G. D. Nevins, of 'T1, ia farming at Medina.
and has three children.

A. A, Crane, of ‘75, a lawyer and banker at Gaylord. He is
married and has one child,

E. FP. Clark, of "83, is teaching at White City, Kansas. He
expects to become a farmer,

O. A. Dockstader, of 'S1, is druggist at Three Rivers, and ia
“oranky on peppermint oil.”

E. 0. Bank, of "84, has been promoted to assistant auperin-
tendent of the Reform School.

Charlea Goodwin, of "75, is farming at Bennington, He is
married and has two children.

G. A. Farr, of '70, is married and has two children. He la
practicing law at Grand Haven,

G, A. Royce, of "75, is in the real estate business at Baraga,
Ha is married and has two boys.

H, W,. Coll ngwood, "83, will go to New York in July to anter
the office of the Rural New Yorker.

L. B. Hall, of '82, “‘ watches over three of the prettiest achool-
ma'ms in the State,” at Luther, Mich,

H. (. Nixon, of ‘$3, has been teaching till recently, but is
now engaged in the study of medicine,

H. A. Haigh, of 'T4, took the degree of LL. I. at Ann Arbor
in ‘78. He is practicing law at Detroit.

Chas, W, McCurdy, of '81,n0w Principal of echools at Sand
Beach, oxpecis to take his M. 8. in August,

Bb. ¥. Beebe, of *67, ls in the ineurance buainess at Utiea, NK.
¥Y. He ts merried and has three children,

A.C, Willlamson, of "Y2,ls farming at Armoda, 0. His wile
died June lath, "83, leaylng three children.

TH. M. Wood, of "83, isin the lumber business, and has home-
Steaded 160 acres of land since graduating.

G. W. Thompson, of "83, ls practlelog law at Minoneapolia,
Minn, He hopes to attend alomni reunion,

Cc. E. Sumner, of ‘79, 1a married, and ig employed ea clerk in
the Auditor General's office in Washington,

hk. T. McNaughton, of ‘78, is in the real estate business at
He is married and has three girls,

O. 1. Goodwin, of ‘77, 14 well sltuated on a farm of 140 acres
near Ionia, He ig married and has one child,

W, W. Reynolds, of "80, ia in the hardware business at Case-
opolis. He is marred and bas three children,

Hurbert Bamber, of 'S1, is a civil engineer, and in government
employ on the Ohio river lmprovement survey.

Charles TD. Sprague, 70, has sold his farm near Greenville,
and has purchased another near Grand Ledge,

L. A. Buell, of “83, lost heavily on beea last winter.
expects to go cithor to Kansas or Nebraska soon,

B. B. Barber, with 83, who has been sick since November ‘81,
ia able to ride out, and vielted the College recently,

Cyrus Crandall. of *80, is married, and has one child. He is
assistant prosecuting attorney of Marquette county.

O. K. Ingersoll, of “74, is married, and has one child. He is
Treasurer of Board of E !ucation at Fort Colvin, Col,

F W. Hastings, of ‘78, is a railroad postal clerk ab St. Louls,
Mich., and expects to attend alumni reunion in August.

C. J. Stranc, of ‘78, took the degree of &. D. at Andover
Sominary, in "82. He is married and living at Dowaglac.

HH, ¥. Clark. of ‘73, is a member of the West Michigan Meth-
odist Church Conference on probation at Benton Harbor.

L. 7. Gibson, of "64, took the degree of M 68. in "69, and is
now teaching at Lyons. He ia married and has one ¢chiid,

J. P. Lewis, of ‘78, was in the hardware business at Firth tll
recently. He is now buylng grain and hogs at that place.

J, I. Monroe, of “78, graduated from the University with the
degree of B.S., in '80. He ia now banking at Kalamazoo,

oO. E. Angerman, of “75, took the degree of LL. B. at Ann
Arbor in'77. He is martled, and practicing law at Detroit.

J. & Coreoran, “Cork,” for two yeare with "TT, graduated in
‘#0 from the Btate Normal, and in "83 from the Medical Depart
ment of Michigan University. He is now located in Sibley,
Mich., and enjoys an extensive practice.

He la married

He
16 THE COLLEGE

SPECULUM.

L. F. Ingersoll, of '74, took the degres of M.D. at Ann Arbor
in "80, and is married, and is practicing medicine at Traverse
City.

Bion Whelan, of '77, took the degree of M. D. ab Ann Arbor
in ‘78. He is practielng at Hillsdale, and is married and has one
ehild,

J. Q. Thomas, of 79, is married, and has one child, He ta
farming at Junction City, and ralsed 6,000 bushela grain last
Year. ‘

Geo. Grover, of '81, is an editor at Concord, He has taught
three terms of school and been in the drug business since grad-
nating.

i. M. Brooks, of ‘73, has 16) acres of timbered land at Ash-
ley. He is marketing the timber and expects to make a farm
some day.

J. H. Tibblits, of "73, is a clerk in the Fifth Anditor’s Office,
Treasury Department. He is a eclvil service reformer, but no
mugwump,

Pred. C, Snyder, of '82, is a horticulturist at Greenville, and
is prominently connected with the grange, He is married and
has one child.

Albert Dodge, of "77, is practicing law at Fowlerville, He
tock the degree of LL. B. at Ann Arbor in'8l. Is marr.ed and
has one child,

E. C. McKee, of "81, is farming at Laingsburg, and is payinz
apecial attention to thoroughbred Short-horns. He is marrivd
and has one child,

Byron 8. Palmer, of ‘81, took the degree of ID. D. &. at Ann
Arbor, March,'83. He is married and practloing, 799 Larrabes
street, Chicago, Il.

Frad. E. Delano, of "83,18 at his father’s house at Oxford. He
says he is looking for a gil to suit him and make him happy.
Who will volunteer.

Jas. Bragsington, of "76, is a lawyer at Hart. He is married
and has one child, He says he is doing well and aleo ls doing
good work in horticulture.

wW. C. Hume, of "73, took the dagres of M.D, at the Datroit
Medical College in "75, He is practicing at Corunna, and ia
married and has two children.

Harvey 8. Roaenberry, of "81, took the degree of M.D. at
the Starling Medical College, Feb. 28,°H3. Hoe is married and
practicing medicine at Miltonsburg, 0.

8. PF. Tracy, 'T6, recently visited the college, will graduate in
another at a Chicago medical college, He oceupies his vaca-
tions ralsing seeds for D, M, Ferry & Co.

A. H. Phinney, of "70, took his degree of B.S. in 73; 1s mar-
ried and has two children. He ls lumbering and farming, pay-
ing a good deal of attention to stock-ralsing.

Henry F. Buskirk of {7 has left the lumberlog business In
which he has been engaged for some yeara al Wayland, and has
gone upon hisfarm at Bradley, Allegan county. —

Chas, W, Crossman, of ‘82, has been in the insurance busi-
nese ot Benton Harbor He expects to teach for the next three
or four years, and has just completed @ fine residence.

J. E. Bimonson, of ‘74, to-k the derree of LL, B, at Ann
Arbor in ‘78, and is practicing at Bay City, and was elected
Prosecuting Attorney for Bay county in the fall of "Bed.

&. M. Tracy, of “65, is married, and has three children. Hoe
took his M, 8. in ‘76, and ia Professor of Botany and Horticult-
ure in Missouri State University. He expocts to attend alumni
reunion. .

W. RB. Hobbert, of ‘81, took the degree of M. D, at Detrolt
Medical Colleze, March 4, 1855. He took second gold medal
for proficiency on tic final examination, Mr. Hubbert Is still
at Detroit.

F. E. Skeels, "74, who has been with C. W. Garfield, ‘70, upon
Burton farm at Grand Rapids for the past elgitean months, has
entered into partnership with Mr. Garfleld in small fruit and
trock farming.

Herbert Weed, "83, by paying two hundred dollars and eom-
plying with certain requirements of the United States homestead

awa, obtalned title to 160 acres of land in Missaukee county,
now worth Bi ,200,

Charles W. Garfleld, of "70, is a farmer at Grind Rapids, Ho
iz “Oo mugwump in polltica, a questioner In relition, a novies
in business, a fool of a farmer, and a fellow that never knows
whan he ja eked." ;

W.L. Snyder, "82, is giving attention to the special study of
horticulture at hie home in Greenville, Among” other things
hais experimenting to ascertaln the effect of different varieties
ties of strawberry pollen on the frult of that vear. It is a sub-
ject aftvacting much attention among horticulturists,

D. Strange. of ‘67, took his degree of M. 8. in ‘72. He ts
matried and has three children, and is farming at Grand Ledzo.
He says be has the “boss” farm and the “boss * boy, who will
come here for four years.

Dustin C, Oakes of 'T4 1p a member of the banking firm of
Churchill, Oakes & Co., Shelby, Oceana county, and is a lend.
ing business man of that village, He lives in the finest house in
Shelby, of which he is owner,

J. AH. Smith, of "83, of Towa OColere, Grinnell, Iowa, will
epend hia summer vacation in Michigan and New York. Ha
expects to attend the alumni reunion next Augus: before return-
ing to his work in September,

Tom Brannin, fora time with "74, has the flnest young peach
orchard in Oeeana county, Although it has reqalred a struggle
to secure this notorle-ty, be will be in the best of circumstances
as soon as he markets his first crop.

KR. A. Clark, of ‘7, took his LL, B. af Ann Arbor in “78, and is
practicing law in Lansing. Heis married and has two children,
and aays he is ‘* devoting his life to making others happy.” No
doubt he makes a specialty of divorces.

C. W. Garfleld, ‘Ti, and wife recently viciled J. D, Stannard in
Wisconsin, He reports Mr. Stannard one of the most enterpris-
tng and Inflaential farmers in that section. Tobacco is the prin-
elpal crop raised there, but Stannard will reise none of the filthy
weed,

Alicea Weed, "81, closes a very suceessful ye r of teachlog In
the Clark echool, Lansing. She will next year take an advanced
position in the high school with an increased salary. She re-
cently visited thie Collace with all the pupils of her department,
Superintendent Howell speaks very highly of her work.

G. W. Fark, with "86, expects to retum to ¢ollage this term,
Binee leaving college he has been engaged in improving hia
printing office and extending hla business. He has just added
three new printing presses of the latest pattern to his office,
with combination book-folding, mailing, paper culter, ote. The
last press, a Campbell complete four-roller preaa, with comb na-
tion rollers and tapoless delivery, was just putin place af a cost
of £2,000. ‘lhe June odition of magazine was double that of
last year, numbering 100,000 coples,

George P. Antisdale, whose sickness we mentioned in our last
issue, died at the age of 19 at his home in Nyack-on-the-Hudson,
WN. Y¥., Easter Sunday, April 5, 1885, After the flrst term in his
jonior year at this College with ":5, he returned to his home aud
engaged in book-keeping, The following September he entered
Cornell University, where close application to study proved
detrimental to his weak constitution. After returning to Nyack
for the bolllay vacation his health gradually failed, though he
did not give upthe expectation of returning to Cornell until
about ten dave before his death, He was alwaya very
fond of books, and after leaving home, where he had
engaged in football, rowing, and long walks, he seldom en-
gaged in these sporta, but spent moat of his leisure time in
reading. This change proved to be a serious mistake, for being
to some extent predizposed to consumption, sunshine was what
he most needed, The confinement while keeping books caused
him te grow thin, and after he had attended Cornell about two
months (during which time he took regular exercise) an unex-
pected develop:nent in the disease prevented his taking his
usual exercise, He felt in no condition for studying, though he
thought his cough and debility was duo simply to a severe cold
he contracted in New York City on evacuation day, As soon as
it wae aseertained tiat he could not recover, hia brother Edwin
returned home, arriving there two dava before George's death.
Servieos were held at his home and his brother and alster ac-
companied the remains to Nottawa, Mich., where he was In-
terred by the alde of his mother, For one so young George
had mature judgment, was a thorough atucdent, and won many
friends by his quaint humor, frankkness, and successful applica-
tion of tha golden role, Much as wo regretted to see him leave
this College, we regret still more that one who promised 60
much good te the world should have been called home so soon.
But there ia much consolation for relatives and friends in know-
ing that he was not foun! sleeping. His whole life was imbued
With a Christhin spirit and his lust days were those of a profeas-
ing Christian,

ae Berea

Two Model Farmers.

We clip the following doscription of the farm owned by Eugene
Davenport, 'T4, from the Hastings Banner:

Barry county has many oxeellent farmers, but we belicve none
approach nearer the atandard of ** model farmers" than do Geo,
Wand Eugene Davenport, of Woodland. They make farming
a study and a business,and attend as closely to its details as
any merchant to his trade. To begin with, they haye one of
the finest farms in Michigan, rich in soil, gently rolling, and com-

THE COLLEGE sPECULUM. 17

paratively easy to work. This they have improved as only in-
tulligeut farmers can. Everything about the place speaka of
the thoucht-ul work of thilfty, progresalve farmers,

Tn the firat placa, the Masers. Davenport donot enslave them.
selves and exhaust the soil of thelr 2ni aeres of rich land by
riiaing wheat alone. Neither do they despise thia cereal as a
pact of productive, paying farming, They pursue mixed farm.
ing, which they find no. only more fonvenient, but much mora
profitable.

Especially do they dote on their stock, and their pride ia jus-
tiflable. They not only keep cattle to fat for the market, but
have a number wf head of the celebrated “Ayrshire” breed, the
favorites of dalrymen. From their fat atock a profitable haryeat
is reaped ; and it doesn't simply come bit once a year, but lasts
all the year, for fat cattle are seldom a drug on the market,
They have a credmory.and usually milk from lifteen to eilshteen
cows in summer but fewer in other aeasons, Their creamery
butter, every pound of it, is sold for twenty-five cents per pound
the year round—anoiher good harvest, ‘Then they can show
some fine porkers, good substantial fellows. To look at them
woud make a butcher's mouth water,

But at this writing vou would find thesa gentlemen very busy
in their “sugar bush.’ One thousand treas supply the gap, and
the best modern appliances are used in making the surar, Es-
peclal prida is tiken in their “ evaporator,” an entirely new pat-
tern in tuese parta. It 1s automatically aalf-regulating, and
will boil six barrels of sap per hour, One ean see the watery
sap running into one wend of the aveporiion, and at intervals the
Bugery s¥rup removed from the other, With this evaporator
and one fire, the Messrs. Davenport care for the same amount
of sap that formerly required four pans and four fires, The
most scrupulous cleanliness is exercised throuzhout the entire
process of transforming the sap into sugar, A fine feature of
their sugar-making is that they get a shilling a pound for all
they make ; and as they will make 4.000 pounds or more this
year, their sugar harvest is not a bad one.

And so you see, these gentlemen have so timed thelr farming
that they are bound to have harvests, and good-paying ones,
not simply in July and August, but at conventent and frequent
intervals throughout the year. They are thoroughly devoted ta
thelr oecupation, happy in it, and are able to stow that farming,
where intelli:ently and progressively pursued, pays a good
profit even in dull times,

« GOLLEGES.

Ohio has more colleges than all Europe.

Cornell gives a course of instruction in Journalism.
Vassar alumni wish to raise $20,000 for a new ymerasium,
Girard College annually educates one thousand orphans,
Among recent gifts to Wabash College are 640 acres of land,
Seventy per cent af Princeton's students are chureh members.

The University of California hag an endowment of $4,000,000,

Owing to lack of funds, Kalamazoo College has closed ils
doors.

Of the 1,017 atudents attending Harvard, 96% are from Massa-
chusgetts,

A judgment of $350,000 has b-en secured against the Chicago
University.

At Carthage College senior vacation and graduiting honors
have been abolished,

Ann Arbor high school contains representatives from Mexico,
Italy, Japan, and Turkey.

Kalamazoo haa proposed a $25,000 endowment of a professor-
ship as aid for her college,

The Michizan State Normal School holds ita commencement
on Wednesday, June 34th.

It is thought that Chester A. Arthur will succeed Dr, Potter in
the presidency of Hobart College.

One-fourth of the fourth class failed to pasa the last semi.
annusl examination at Weat Point.

At Yale College Saturdays are holidays and some recitations
are held on Wednesday afternoons,

The Legislature of West. Virginia has passed a bill which ad-
mits women ivto the State University,

The great university, soon to be established by the Roman
Catholies, is tu be located at Washington.

At the Moroceo s-hools, teachers are paid fifteen cents per
month for imparting the doctrines of the Koran.

The Faeulty of Albion College forbade the studenta inviting
other colleges tu particlpate in the late H ld day exerclsea.,

et

The University of Pennsylvania has opened three new depart-
mente—Biology, Physical Culture, aod Veterlnary Surgery.

President Porter save that the failures of colleges and unl-
versity life are to be traced in more than three-fourths of in-
stances to failures jn the preparatory school,

Commissioners of England appointed to examine the techni-
tal schoo!s of the world, pronounce the technical schools of the
University of California the best of their kind in America,

Collage of Charleston and Wofford College, Spartenburg, 8.
C., each have specific chairs of English, and the courae of {n-
atruction ts continuous through the four years' college course.

A petition for ¢o-education was presented to Adelbert Collaga,
Cleveland. It was seventy-two feat long and contained 4,000
names. The trustees deeded in favor by a vote of 12 to 6.—Ez.

Students of Oberlin ought not to be found Wanting in relig=
ious principles, Attendance ia required at morning and evening
prayers, two church services on Sunday, and they may attend
weekly prayer-moeting,

Sixty Harvard freshmen have abandoned thelr Latin, eighty
thelr Greek, and one hundred their mathematics, None of them,

however, have dropped their base-ball or boating, and eollage
culture ia therefore safe,—Er,

Numerous collezes are trying to solve the question: “Is co.
education desirable? Among those who advocate ev-education
we find President Bascom of Wisconsin University, and Presi.
dent Angell of Michizan University, *

Miami University is to be re-opened in September. A re-
union of the alumni will be held on the campus. It la expected
that apeeches will be made by Hon. Chauncey Olds, Hon. Milton

Baylor, Senator Ben Harrison, Hun. Oliver W. Root, and Prof.
David Swing.

Among those who oppose co-edueation are President Eliot
of Harvard, President Seely of Amherst, and President Robin-
son of Brown's University, while President Welling of Columbia
University, thinks that co education is a question for each col-
lega to settle for itself.

Probably the largest literary prige ever offered Is that of #1,-
000,000 to be given in 1925 by the Russian Academy for the best
work on the life and reign of Alexander I In 1825, shortly
after the death of Alexander I, the sum of 50,000 roubles was
offered by one of his favorite ministers, to be given aa a prize
a century after his death, and this at compound interest will
amount in 1925 to $1,000,00).— Fale Nears.

EXCHANGES.

cecal a ena alin oe

I

a

We have recelved our first copy of the Univeratiy Review,
from Lawrence, Kansas. It is a successor to the Kanaaa
Review and the University Courier, The general make-up of
the paper ls good, being quite complete In all polnta that enter
into a food coliegn paper,

Comments from some of our worthy exchanges rerarding the
Speculum: It ia neatly gotten up and contains good reading
motter,— Acadenite,

* . * “The interior is substantial
many well written articles,"— Bethany Collegian.

“Tta literary articles are short and prenerelly good; its
editorial department ls extangive."—Calliopean Clarion,

The Otterbein Record says of the Speculum: ‘‘]t is chuck
full of interest.”

We ever weleome The College Speculum to our table.—The
Pletad.

TT. H. SEDINA, _

— THE ——=

Wobby Tailor,

Has the Finest Selection of Suitings of any
House in the City.

GIVE THE YOUNG MAN A CHANCE,

LANSING HOUSE.

Terms #2.00 per Day.

a i ea i i ge Fn Ae,

and contains

es

120 Mead’s Block,

—

J. ABERLE, Lansing, Micu.
CAPITAL CITY RINK

WILL BE OPEN ON

Mondays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays,

AFPTHRNWOOW AND EVYHNWING,

Tutil further notice,

NO CHANGE IN PRICES

Only on Wednesday and Saturday Eveninga.

Metropolitan Art Gallery.

—=——__.

STUDENTS’ ORDERS RECEIVE PROMPT
ATTENTION.

Ie SPECIAL RATES TO STUDENTS,

COE ANT S12 MIE.

Cc. W. LEONARD,
201 Washington Avenue.

CAPITAL BARBER SHOP,

No, 119 Wasninctrox AvENvnE.

SPECIAL ATTENTION PAID TO
STUDENTS’ CUSTOM.

———e

FIRST-CLASS ARTISTS. EXCELLENT WORK.

J. W. DAVIS, Proprietor.

WESTCOTT,

No. 112 Micmican Ave., Lanstne, Micn.,

DEALER IN

Fereign and Uomestic Weolens

AND GENTS’ FURNISHING GOODS,

TOM WESTCOTT, The Cutter,

HULL

BROTH

ERS,

DEALERS IN

Fancy and Staple Groceries,

Fresh and Smoked Meats, Canned and Farinaceous Goods,
Colgate’s Toilet Soaps and Waters, Lubin’s Perfumes,
Toilet Powders, Champagnes, Imported Cigars;

MANUPACTURERS OF

FINEST CONFECTIONS IN THE WEST

ELECT PakING POWDER,

ELECT FLAVORING FeXTRACTS,

KETTLE RENDERED LARD;
Roasters and Grinders of the

ae ee aa i iia ial ai iia iia lien

2 FINEST COFFEES AND ‘SPICES! — ' @

4
gg EE es a gg tN et

Pg a a

i gi i gg Di sain iiaciaaiien teniieniibesiieaiiiaiiion

lee la iat |

And Curers of Sugar- Cured Ham, Bacon, Dried Beef, Smoked Tongues, ete,

None but Finest Goods kept, and all goods sold to the Consumer at less than Wholesale Prices.

HULL BROTHERS, -

Opera House Block, Detroit, Micu.
HEADQUARTERS FOR COLLEGE BOYS!

Ce ee ee

GHoOo. T. DAVIS'S

Bakery, Gonlectionsry, and Restaurant

ICE CREAM AND OYSTERS IN SEASON.
aunches at all Eloure.
CIGARS AND TOBACCO.

BANQUET ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED Ta.
103 Washington Avenue, Lansing.

LATITO $TEOMPScr,

JOB PRINTING.

108 Washington Avenue,

Over Ekstein's Grocery, LANSING, MICH.

BEE-KEEPERS’ GUIDE,

—on—
Manual of the Apiary.

9,000 gold In eix years. 9() sold in the laat ten weeks, En-

tirely revised. Fifty pages and fifty costly
illustrations added,

Price by Mail $1.25. Liberal Discount to Denlera and for Clubs,

4. (00, Author and Poblisher, LaxsisG, Moca,

MorFrFr BHT T,
Het DEN Tis Tims

Nitrous Oxide Gas or Vitalized Air given for the
painless extraction of Teeth.

Southeast corner of Washington aad Mich. Aves, ansing,

HUDSON HOUS!

M. HUDSON, Proprietor.

SHEARER’S LAUNDRY

tales the lead on

COLLARS AND GUFFS.

We uze no hardening in our starch, therefore we break
ho collars,

ls ovm Vor =
AND SATISFY YOURSELF.
TWO DOOHS FROM POSTOPFICE, EAST, LANSING, MICH,

_
4
Lady

LANSING, MICH.

W. SQUIERS,

AGENT,

ANTI-MONOPOLY GROCER,

111 Michigan Avenue,

LAN SING, MICHIGAN.

iil

THE MICHIGAN P

oF C0.

MANUFACTURERS OF

Wyckoff Patent Water Pipe,

STEAM-PIPE CASING,

=> -

GSAS EPI

i=l

BAY CITY, MICHIGAN.

Plans, Specifications, and Estimates for Water Works, includ.
ing Pumping Machinery, made when desired. Stop Valves,
Hydrants, Croasea, Toes, Bends, ete., used In the construc.
tion of Water Works, constantly in stock and furnished at
mantfacturers’ prices. All our manufactures guaranteed to be
aa represented.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE.

rn"

rA YI

O77

R & CO.’S

ONE-PRIC-.

4; BOOT ann 8]

LOE HOUSE,

125 Washington Avenue, LANSING, Mich.
STUDENTS:—It will Pay You to Call Ww. DD. SARIN,

JOHBER ARD RETAILER OF

HARDWARE!

and Rubbers. MAXUFACTURER OF

on W. G. PATTERSON for Boots, Shoes,

REPAIRING NEATLY DONE. Tin Sheet-Iron, and Copper Work,

105 WASHINGTON AVENUE,
Washington Avenue, Lansing. LANSING. - MICHIGAN.

—

JOHN HERRMANN FIRST CLASS LIVERY.

Opposite Opera Block,

MERCHANT TAILOR, | _

KEEFE THE LARGEST AND BEET STOR OF |

Merctent Eattor’s Goods | SI I)[NTS PATRONAGE SOLICITED.

IN MICHIGAN,

——

BEST FIT FOR THE LEAST MONEY

JIMMY MARKEY,

Bludents, Come and See Ble,

ALWAYS AT THE FRONT

WiTtTH Gooxo

SHOES!

tom with our Prices,
CITY TO SELECT FROM!

Students have Preference,

AT A BEWR’SI!

BOOTSS

Always at the Bot-
LARGEST STOCK IN THE

Repairing Promptly Done.

=—bB. F. SIMONS,==

104 Washington Avenue,

Inspuays tHE FINEST ann LARGEST STOCK or

DRY GOODS AND CARPETS

THAT HAS EVER BEEN OPENED IN THE CITY.

YOU WILL ALWAYS FIND GOODS AS REPRESENTED AND OUR PRICES AT THE ROTTOM
EL. Ww. DART,

DEALER IW

: Heavy and Shelf Hardware, Glass kte.,<

ALSO THI

q CELEBR ATED GASOLINE STOVE,

Golden Star and Garland Stoves and Ranges.

ALSO AGENT Fog

Fuller & Warren's, and Richardson, Boynton & Co’s Furnaces,

B. P. RICHMOND, - TONSORIAL PARLORS

hTe. 106 Michigan A-we.,
LANSING. _

AW ELRY !

STUDENTS SURE OF EXCELLENT WORK IN ALL ITS
BRANCHES, BY FIRST-CLASS ARTISTS.

———

‘ SNaGRAVING. P ELI BIDELMAN, Proprietor.

PINE CIGARS Al AND TOBACCO

IH &8TOCK AT ALL TIMES.

LANSING, MICHIGAN.

STUDENTS FIND AT WW. RA PLHH ;

JW. FRARY'S STORE ne

Jewelry, Watches, Clocks, Diamonds,
Silver and Plated-Ware,

“4. Large and Fine Stock of

GENTS’ HATS AND CAPS
“a 114 WASHINGTON AVENUE, - LANSING, MICH.

(per TErE LATEST stTyuss.
on REPAIRING NEATLY DONE.

FURNITURE

a E -- The Cheapest and Best Assortment in Central Michigan can Always be Found at
D. W. & M. J. BUCK’ S!
: 301 AND 303 WASHINGTON AVENUE.

CURTAIN DRAPERY AND TRIMMINGS A SPECIALTY!
SPRING AND SUMMER”

STUDENTS AND OTHERS =

WILL REMEMBER THiS

LEDERER & SONS | 4

ann HE ADQUARTERS FOR Bac’

AND ALL THE LATEST NOVELTIES IN

‘Hats, Caps, and Gents’ Furnishing Goods. 4
LARGEST STOCK, ! : a
MOST FASHIONABLE GOODS, ‘@

LOWEST PRICES. §

eee

This is our reputation, and we have maintained it for twenty years.

H. LEDERER & SONS, The Clothiers -

. WASHINGTON AVENUE. Be
Lansing, April I, f &&5, Bee

Ea a

‘THE STATE AGRICULTURAL CoLLecE,
LANSING, - MICH. : .

This institution is thoroughly equipped, having a lar, teaching force: also ample facilities for iustra
tion and manipulation, including

a
‘Laboratories, Conservatories, Library, Museum, Class-room he
‘Apparatus, also a Large and Well-stocked Farm. a

Four YEARS ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLETE THE COURSE, 4

a
aps s a “ —— EMBRACING —— . “ :
CHEMISTRY, MATHEMATICS, BOTANY, ZOOLOGY, VETERINARY, ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND c

LITERATURE, MILITARY TACTICS, AND ALL OTHER BRANCHES OF A
COLLEGE COURSE EXCEPT FOREIGN LANGUAGES,

Three hours labor on each working day, except Saturdays. Maximum rate paid for labor, eight cents d
an hour. et

Rates.—Tuition free. Club boarding.

CALENDAR FOR THE YEAR. 1885.

February 25th Spring Term begins. May 20th Spring Term ends. May 27th Summer Term begin a
August 19th Summer Term ends; Commencement. August 26th College Year begins; Entrance examin:,
ations at 9 o'clock A. M.

For Catalogue apply to R. G. BAIRD, Secrerary.