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COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

VoL .  V.-No.  3. 

AGIUCULTURAL  COLLEGE,  MICH.,  ~PRIL 1,  1886. 

WHOLE  No.  19. 

Alumni  Poem-An  Epic  of '61. 

No  star,  no stripe,  no badge,  no seal, 
Its mm·ky ebon field  relieves,-

0 .  E.  ANGST.MAN,  '75. 

The morning suu with brilliant rays, 
Adorns the dewy eastern bills; 
And gentle  breezes  stir the trees, 

Where dauce the sparkling mountain rills. 

The little hamlet in  the vale, 

Seems scarcely yet to be astir; 

Though morning light is far advanced, 
When rest must end, and work recur. 

The water-wheel upon the stream, 
Is silent, useless and decayed; 

The whirling stones and busy looms, 
No longer turn with bustling trade. 

No traffic on the little mart, 

Its action,  stir and life are gone; 

The streets seem  like a  holiday, 

With mirth,  and joy,  and cheer withdrawn. 

And where are now those stalwart men, 

We always saw in former days? 
Here are but women and gray-heads, 
And little children at their plays. 

Alas! the year is sixty-one, 

Rebellion,  war  and civil strife, 
Are  loosed on our  beloved land, 

Threat'niog the  very  nation's life. 

0  brave Missouri,  doubly grand, 
How m elancholy is yom fate! 
Traitors without,  traitors within, 

A  traitor at your h el w  of  8tate ! 
H ark. she commands her  loyal sons, 
With speed to strike her  cruel foes; 

Ere dark secession raise her flag, 

With quick,  triumphant,  deadly blows. 

With rebel,  fierce,  guerilla raids. 

Her life-blood  ebbs at ev'ry vein; 

Rise loyal sons! a  world looks on! 

Her sacred h onor you'll maintain. 

D::>wn  with h er  chief  executive! 

Up  with the banner of the  brave! 

Though it shall co3t h er h eart's best blood, 
The State and  Union must be saved! 

What wonder,  then,  h er  looms are still, 

H er  mill-stoues,  wheels and busy marts; 

Her true sons h eard their count,ry's call, 
Quick to r espond with  willing hearts. 
* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

But wheuce those sountls of tramping  steeds, 

* 

Anou  borne on  the .morning air, 
Which seem to come far  up  the hill. 

With faint drnru-beat  and trumpet's blare? 

Again all's silent as the grave, 

Save still that muffled tramp,  tramp,  tramp, 

Causing the stoutest hearts to chill: 

Cov'ring the brow with terror's damp. 

The villagers with anxious eyes, 

Now see far up the sloping  hill, 

A  troop of horse, with manner strange, 

Moving so  swift and yet so  still. 

Near el',  and nearer yet they come, 

Their forms they  now can plainly see; 

All sit superb upon their steeds, 

With slouching hats  armed cap-a-pie. 

A  sable pennon, strange  and weird, 

Now l'Olls  out on the morning breeze; 

But glaring from  its inky folds, 

Disclosed in ghastly white relief, 
The dreaded,  fearful,  deathly name, 

Of  the guerilla rebel chief!'. 

All faces  blanch,  all lips are dumb; 

No  seer now needs their fate to iell; 

That name upon the sable flag, 

One  word tells all-it is,  QUANTRELL! 

No hope,  no mercy.  no escape, 

From this dread fiendish  scourge of men: 

But like the mighty avalanche, 

Descending on  the Alpine glen, 
He comes,  a  moving, living  woe 

Leading an outlawed madmen band, 

\Vhose mercy and  compassion are, 
The car bine-shot and fire-brand. 

• 

* 

But let not pen attempt to paint, 

The sick'ning horrors of that scene; 
Where brutal,  calm, remorseless men, 
Themselves like savages demean: 
Where age and youth and innocence, 
Defenceless women,  babes  and all ; 

Alike must meet a  common doom, 

.. 

Mute,  piteous,  dumb,  each one must fall. 
* 

* 
Does now adorn the western bills; 

The ev'ning sun with milder rays, 

.. 

.. 

* 

And gentle br eezes stir the trees, 

Where dance the spark ling mountain rills. 

The little ham let in the .-ale, 

Alas!  is of the things that were; 

There's scarce a  stone to  mark the place, 
Where late was life,  and joy,  and stir. 

* 

Its altars,  homes and firesides, 
Are silent desolation all; 

The smoke from its blackened ruins, 
Hangs o'er it like  a  sombre pall . 

Remorseless,  tl1e guerilla horde, 

Moves up the hill  with brutal pride, 
For they went  from that scene of death, 

Leaving not one  single soul alive. 

But who is this descends the hill, 

With quick'ning strid es aclown the  gap? 

A  soldier  with the union blue, 

And captain's golden shoulder-straps. 

Too late to turn, he sees  the  band, 

Then  yields  with steps that  never lag ; 

For h e too,  knew the meaning well, 
Of that dread-omened sable flag. 

Instinciively he casts  his eye, 
Upon the little vale below, 
The hardened outlaws even paled, 

To  see that strong man's awful woe. 

He looked where once had stood  his home, 

Now only rui!,l,  dust and smoke,-
One choking sob,  a  ling'ring moan, 

And he had calmed the heart that broke. 

"  It has then come to this," he said, 
"  0lll' all,  an offering must be, 
Our bleeding country asks it.  aR 
The prjce we pay for loy!llty." 
The outlaw turned that evil face. 
Black with malignity and  hate; 
"  'Tis thus,"  he said,  "  I'd lmve  them  all, 

Whc;>  would coerce this sovereign State:" 

I 

2 

tttE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

"  We do not fear." the soldier said, 
"  The honest foe,  however mad: 
But such as you,  who skulk  behind, 
A  craven pirate's fell black flag! 
And  though you fire  the homes, upon 

The State"s ten thousa,nd  hills to-day; 

The patriot spark implanted here, 

Shall rise, and still the Union stay! 

For to the av'rage carnal  mind. 
A  genuine revenge  is sweet: 

And for  some crimes,  we look in vain 

For pumshment that's just and meet. 

Until  the teachings of our  youth, 
Come o·er  us like a  sudden spell; 
And  om·  whole  being  . long  amain, 
For the real,  old-fashioned hell. 

"  And  though our homes and innocents, 

A  very holocaust ::;hall  be: 

The stars and stripes  upon the breeze, 
8hall now and evermore float free! 
Turn, ye insensate bloodhounds, turn, 

Once more  behold these ruined homes; 

The  ue  olation here you've wrought. 

Faintly portrays  your day of doom! 

"Ma~ dreams of  carnage,  blood and crime, 

Ne'er give you slumber,  r est or peace; 
May fiends  and spectres rack youT  minds, 

And furies' torments  never cease ! 

May  madd'ning fancies goad your  brains, 
Till earth can no more respite  bring; 

Until your inmost hearts shall feel, 

'file  adder's fangs,  the scorpion's sting! 

"  May deep,  dark treachery pursue, 

May drea-1 make friends and comrades foes, 

May apprehension sap each joy, 

And each new day new woes clisclosel 

May gulit and agony conjure, 

Assassins'  blows,  avengers' snares: 

Till ev'ry hope of life become 

The dust and ashes of despair! 

"  May horrors of your choice in life, 

Attend you on your beds of  death; 

May  mothers' shrieks  and children's cries, 

Accompany your latest breath! 
The ghostly pbala= of  your dead, 

The sight your  dying eyes shall see; 
And the la t  sounds that greet your ears, 
The death-rattle of your victims be! 

"  May each myriad woe you've wrought, 
Return to you,  a  thousand worse: 
Till all hell's legion fiends combine, 

To wreak on you this father's c urse! " 

"Enough. enough, the leader cried, 

"  For what do  we our patience try!" 
But terror's sweat stood on his brow, 

And he quailed beneath the soldier 's eye. 
* 

* 
Ere yet t1l6 sombre shades of  night, 

* 

* 

• 

• 

'l'Vith  darkened forms the valley hem; 
And while the soughing breezes played, 

A  soft ftmereal requiem,-

While yet the setting sun sent forth, 

His ling"ring  bea111  athw •rt the sky; 

A  sacred martyT to  his cause, 

• 

They led the soltlier  forth to die. 
* 
* 
'Tis said the gods' mills do grind slow, 
But they grind exceedingly small; 

• 

* 

And we're taught that it is  afest, 
To  judge our brother  not at all. 
We know also,  "tis  wTitten  plain, 

Vengeance is not for man to pay; 
But says the Word not  just as clear, 

We'll know men by their works and ways? 

* 

* 

• 

* 

* 

* 

Yes,  literal fire  and brimstone. 

'I'\ ith heat that ne'er  consumes but burns; 

The molten.  seething, fiery  lake, 

Whose wa,es roll  on,  lmt to rettu·n. 

Into whose  bottomless ahYss. 

Stifling,  the hot black ciarkness pours; 

Where the  lost souJs in vain do cry, 

And gnash their teeth  forevermore. 

Where the curling smoke of torment, 
Shall nei-er,  never,  cease to roll; 

And the gnawu1g worm that dieth not, 
With untold anguish,  stings the ::;oul. 
.. 
• 
Inquiring minds will doubtless ask, 

• 

* 

What useful purpose is  subserved; 
By strictures on those painful tirnes, 
However much they be  desened. 

* 

The purpose is a two-fold one, 
And is not difficult to see; 

For first it shows  us  brother man, 
Both as he is and  as should be. 

'Tis said the lion in his path, 

The crouching panther in his lair; 

Met by the calm,  determined eye, 

Subdued, will tm:n  aside and spare. 

But let him once have tasted blood, 

No power on earth his will can stay; 

But ev'ry muscle taut with rage, 

He springs resistless on his prey. 

'Tis so,  revered, majestic man, 

Crowned as the lord of all he trod; 
Controlled,  enlightened, christianized, 

He walks the earth  the friend of God! 

But once his evil passions rouse, 

Give um·egenerate nature sway, 

No power but strength and force can quell, 
And turn him from his bent and way. 
The untamed beast crouched in his lair, 
Is docile when  compared with him; 
For all his wondrous powers combine, 
To forge ten-fold the  bands of sin. 

Resistless is his frenzied rage, 
Brutal, savage,  ev'ry desire: 

His strength is the demoniac's will, 
His mercy the volcano's fire, 

And he becomes the spectacle, 

At sight of which the soul recoils; 
The angels sliieltl their eyes and weep, 

And demons laugh! and close their toils. 

The purpose is again to show, 

A  virtue than which none is higher; 

It is that patriotism which, 

Shrunk not at torture,  death or fire. 
Not with offense to those brave men, 

Who lately were a  gallant foe; 

But justice to  om· heroes who, 

Upheld our cause with blow for blow. 

•' 

At all events,  do what  we may, 

Our minus will turn and speeulate, 

Upon  the  penalty that's  due, 

For deeds no life can expiate. 

Who thus could wring the human heart, 

Revile its  speechless agony, 
Rejoice in a  dernoniae's glee, 

At such inhuman butchery,-

Though no hoarse slogan sounds the call, 
Nor rattling drum  the  long reveille, 

Nor l.rnrtling shells nor  bullets' ping, 

vV1th  all  war·s horrors in their trail; 

Our country does call earnestly, 
To schools and colleges to-clay; 
For sterli~g, true,  enlightened men, 

Who tlus great government shali sway. 

Who thus could murder innocence, 

And aclu  the worse-clishonor's stain, 

Forfeits all el aim to brotherhood: 

Invokes lllan's clc111ency  in vain . 

No  tlark hatles,  no gelwnna, 

For such savage, revolting  deeds; 

No shoal and no tartarus, 

Were titt,ing for such 1iends as these: 

Witl~ such minds to direct  her ways, 
W1tl1  such l1eart~ ev'ry need to :till, 

Her future life  can only  be, 

One  which shall voice  her patriots' will. 

'Tis for this,  then,  we do rejoice, 

ln this great, grand,  united land; 

That for all time.  for weal  ur  woe, 
Our countrymen a  unit stand. 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

3 

From the frozen regions of  the north, 

Where the great maje  tic lake  do flow, 

To the everglades and cotton fields, 

Where the southern sensuous breezes blow: 
Where the old Atlantic rolls in state, 
· 
Where Pacilic guards  th  Golden Gll-te; 
There may our freeman  ever stand, 
To watch and wanl our native land. 

When the earth shall melt with fervent heat, 

And the canopy  asunder roll; 

And the volcanic element  , 

Shall coil the heavens like a  scroll; 

When the  whole cele  tial dome shall sway, 
And in lambent glory pa s away; 
When incandescent suns combine, 
In pyrotechnic war sublime; 
When angels poise their last  to hear, 
The ling'ring mtlSic  of the spheres: 
Then the memory may pa s away, 
Of deeds now crowned  with laurel-bays: 
But until then  the muse shall sing, 
And with unending paeans ring; 
Till North and , outh shall not disdain, 
Till the whole world catch the r efrain, 
To  sing the matchless deeds of those 
Who, fearle  s,  met the cotmtry's foes, 
Whose homes,  whose  blood,  and all they bad, 
Were sacrificed to save our flag. 

The  Chinese  Question. 

W.  E .  GilDION,  ECLECTIC  SOCIETY. 

The question,  what shall  we  do  with the  Chinese,  is 
one  that C<tlifornia has challenged our wisest  legislators 
to  answer  for  over  thirty  years.  Going  back  to  the 
year 1852  we  find  that in a  pecial me  sage to  tho  Cali 
fornia Legislature the Governor asks that body  to devise 
means  to  prevent  the  immigration  of  the  Chinese  to 
her shores.  He  portrays in vivid  language the evils to 
lie calls  upon  tho 
tho  State arising from this source. 
J ... egislatnre to  do  all  in its power to  prevent their com 
ing or  being  permitted  to  reside  in  the  State.  That 
GoYernor  submitted  two  distinct  propo  itions  to  the 
Legislature.  Fir  t,  uch  an  exorcise  of  taxing  powers 
a  will  check  the indiscriminate and  unlimited Asiatic 
immigration;  second.  a  demand  by  the  State  of  Cali 
fornia for the prompt  in terposi ti on  of  Congress  to  the 
same  end.  1'his was sixteen  years  before  the  Burlin 
game treaty. 

In an  editorial  article  in  T!te  Independent  of  Feb. 
25th,  a great deal  is  said  about  the  protection  of  the 
Chine. e in the  Pacific States and  Territories.  Congress 
is  severely  complained  of,  and  even  the  Pre ident  is 
spoken  of  as  not doing his duty in this regard. 

The  Governments  of  the  United  States  and  China, 
in 186  ,  stipulated with each other  by  treaty that both 
would "cordially recognize the inalienable and inherent 
right of  man  to  change  his  home  and allegiance,  and 
also  the  mutual advantage of free  migration  and  emi 
gration of  their citizens and subjects  respectively from 
the one country to  the other for  purposes of  curiosity, 
of  trade,  or  as  permanent  residents."  Both  Govern 
ments mutually  pledged themselves  to  the  recognition 
and protection of the  same  privileges,  immunities and 
exemptions,  as  to  the  citizens  and  subject  of  each 
other,  with  reference  to  travel  and  re  idence  in  their 
respective countries,  that are  "accorded  to  the citizens 
the  most  favored  nation."  It  wa 
or  subjects  of 
thought in this country that a  great  victory  had  been 
gained over  Uhine  e prejudice and  exclusiveness  when 
this treaty  wa  negotiated,  and  that  important  advan 
tages  would  accrue  therefrom  to  the  people  of  the 
United States. 

In 1881  the United States made another  treaty  with 
China,  which,  though  modifying  the  one  of  1868  in 
some  respects,  neverthele  "  expre  sly  declares 
that 
"Chine e subjects,  whether  proceeding  to  the  United 
States as  teacher"  students, merchant ,  or from  curios 
ity,  together  with their body  and  household  servants, 
tates, 
and Uhinese laborers who are now  in the  United 
shall  be  allowed  to  go  and come  of  their  own  free  will 
and  accord,  and shall be  ac  orded  all  the  rights,  privi 
leges,  immunities and  exemptions  which  are  accorded 
to the  citizens  and  the  subjects  of  the  most  favored 
nation." 

Ea  tern  people  do  not  comprehend  the  importance 
of such legislation as  will  settle  this  difficulty  of  Chi 
nese  immigration forever.  Above  are  our treaty stipu 
lations with  China,  but  they  eem  to  be  entirely one 
sided as far as  the progress of  civilization ha  advanced. 
We  talk about protecting the  heathen  Chinese  in  the 
West,  when in  reality  they arc given  much better pro 
tection than even  the  State  of 
ew  York  would  give 
were her  people  so  abominably  threatened  by  such  a 
plague.  Every time we  encourage  the  immigration  of 
Chinamen  to  California  we  do  rob  the  sons  of  the 
Golden  State of their rights.  New  York is a  powerful 
State and whenever  he cries out the  world  tops  to lis 
ten,  but  here  is  a State-Californiar-which  has  even 
begged untiringly to  have  her sons protected from  this 
great devastating enemy.  And what docs  the  East say 
about it? 
'he does not  even  pass  peaceably  by  as  an 
uninterested  observer,  which  we  could  stand very  well, 
but instead, come  . out  with this great saying,  "Califor 
nia,  you  must protect the  Chinamen"  that we  have  in 
vited  to your land to  ruin you  or  we  will  talk  to  Con 
gress  about it.  0  .  doesn't that sound big ? 

Ualifornia is  approaching  every  day  to  the same  con 
dition  that  the  South was  in  before  the  emancipation 
of  the slaves.  All  the practical  difference  now  is  that 
California  does  not  u  e  the  word  "slam,"  and  that 
such property in that region  does  not  possess  so  great 
a degree  of  dark coloring  matter  as  the  negro  of  the 
South. 

In a recent conversation with a  friend  who  had  just 
returned from  California,  the  following  question  was 
asked  :-"How  do  the  young men of  the  West  com 
pare with those  of the East ?"  1'he reply was  that the 
great difference lies  chiefly in the  most deplorable  con 
dition in  which  we  find  the  energy  of  the  young  men 
of  tho  West.  They  can  do  nothing,  and  the  circula 
tion in the majority is  o sluggi  h that they do  not even 
exert themselves enough  to find  that out.  What is the 
cause  of  this  pitiable  condition,-the  Chinese ?  Yes, 
unquestionably,  Chinamen are  on  every  hand  and  the 
young white man,  if  he  can  possibly  stir  up  an  idea 
somehow,  all he  must  do  is  to  wink  at  one  of  these 
personages and the application is  set  on foot. 

By what law  of justice or  equity shall we  permit t 

continuance of  such proceedings? 

he 
Man  is not an infallible being.  Then  why  might we 
not expect  to  find  some  errors  in  the  action  of  the 
founders  of  this  government ?  Surely  they  were  not 
expected to  lay  down  principles in  that  comparatively 
remote  day which should  prove  exactly  fitting  to  the 
demands  of  society  in any age. 
Is  not a man  justified 
in changing his  opinions  after  he  becomes  convinced 
that they  are  wrong?  If so,  then  why  can  not  our 
legislators change  uch laws that have  proved  ineffect 
ual to the demands of  the present day  ? 

Is  there any other class of people who  come  here  that 
will not or  does  not take the oath of naturalization  but 

4 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

-

the  Chinese ?  Why  might not legislation turn on  this 
point r 

The people  of  the West ha Ye  at  last  lost.all faith  in 
the  power  of  legislation  in  remedying  this  evil,  and 
now  they propose  to  organize  into such  bodies  that do 
not  and  will  not  give  labor  to  any  of  the  Chinese. 
They propose  to  have  nothing  to  do  with  them. 
ro 
violence,  whatever,  is 
is  to  be 
optional  with  the  white  people,  whether  the  Chine  e 
die  of stanation,  or are  compelled  by  this means to  re 
turn to  China. 

threatened,  but  it 

Thus this  question is  a  perplexing  one,  for  nothing 
but a  radical  change  "will  fill  the  bill."  Legislator 
are  aware  of  this and  so  long  as  they  can  endure  the 
heartrending  cries of  California,  so  long  they mean to 
be  indifferent.  0,  that there were  a  Demosthenes  or 
a Cicero that would rouse these sleeping souls  to action  l 
Then  would  the  dark  veil  that hovers  over  the  youths 
of  California be  rent in twain. 

Chi valry . 

IRVING  BATES,  PHI  DELTA  THETA  FRATERNITY . 

How  often, after reading  cott's Ivanhoe  or other of 
the tales  eulogistic of  my  theme,  ham  we  all  wished 
that  those  romantic  days  might  return,  so  that  we 
could put on  an armor,  decorated  with  the emblems  of 
the conquests of  hundreds of  ancestors,  and ride forth 
to  the  battles  that  are  to  identify  our  name  with  all 
that is  good  and  brave. 

· 

There  would  certainly  be  a  charm  in  such  a  life. 
Glory  was  the  object;  defense  of  the  weak  and  op 
pressed  the duty;  and love  the  motive  power  to spur 
alike the laggard  and  the  ambitious  to  feats  of  skill 
and  daring.  War  was  not and  is  not  a  detriment  to 
the  objects  of  the  young  and  ambitious.  Argue as 
we  may in  the days  of  peace,  when  the  clis!ant  roar  of 
the  battle is  heard,  there  is  in  man  an  irresistible de 
sire to  be  present at the  conflict, and, strange as  it may 
seem,  there  is  a  fierce  pleasure in  the  activity ancl  un 
certainty  of  the  events  which  surround  the  battle 
field . 

If  he  could  gain 

the  reputation  of 

Iu the days  of  chivalry  the  young  knight  had  the 
privilege  of  aspiring  to  the  hand  of  the  fairest  of 
the  fair . 
the 
bravest  of  the  brave,  the  eyes  of  the  world  would  be 
drawn from its various  occupations to  gaze  on  him  who 
had  raised  himself a throne of  honor,  which  royalty  it 
self could not approach without a  corresponding effort. 
But the  aspirant  to  knighthood  was  required to  serve 
a  long,  systematic  apprenticeship  before  he  bad  the 
slightest chance  to  gain a  name.  At  an  early  age  he 
was  placed in the family  of  some  powerful  nobleman. 
He was  constantly  in  attendance  with  tbe  ladies,  re 
ceiving,  sometimes unconsciously  perhaps,  that  refine 
ment and  courtesy  with  wbich  the gentle sex  has  in l.Lll 
ages  instilled  her  associates.  After  several  years  of 
this  page  duty  as  it  was  c:.illed,  he  was  taken  from 
thi  more  pleasant duty and  trained  in  the  use  of  all 
weapons  offensive  and  defensive,  uutil  at  the  age  of 
manhood  he  took the oath of  chivalry  "'l'o be  loyal  to 
God,  the  King,  and  the  Ladie3."  This  he  did  with 
the  utmost  coufidence  in  his  power  to  defeat  the 
enemies  which  he  might meet in  the battle of  life. 

'l'he education  of  the youth  of  to-day  extend  over 
nearly the same  period as  that which was  necessary for 
'l'here  are  exceptions 
the iustruction of  the  Knight. 

now as then, some  completing their training in a  much 
shorter time  than  others. 
'l'he moti Ye  is  the same,  to 
fit  the man for  a  successful  life.  But  how  difierent 
the methods.  Then every  effort was  made  to  develop 
physical strength  and  courage, but very  little attention 
was  given  to  what  we  understand  as  education.  Now 
the intellect is  cultirnted in  the  most  perfect manner, 
that it may  take  the  place of  the  manifold  arms  and 
accoutrements of  the cbintlric age. 
'l'he  contest is  not 
now  confiued  to  the  favored  few  who  belong  to  the 
so-called  upper  circle,  or  to  him  whom  nature  has 
gi \'en great  physical  powers.  The  iu valid  from  his 
couch  may  send  forth  to  the  world  thoughts  which 
will  be  received  with  as  much  admiration  as  ever 
greeted the warrior of  old . 
'rhe right to  rise  above  the 
common  mass  is  free  to  all,  high  or  low,  weak  or 
strong,  exactly in proportion  as  the brain is  cultivated 
and  used.  Those  wbo  wield  this  weapon  with  the 
most courage and precision can win reputations  as  high, 
a  migbty,  and as  unapproachable  as  were  those  made 
by  the champions  of  the thirteenth century. 

· 

Success  may  be  gained  without  that  loyalty  to the 
ladies  which  was 
so  scrupulously  required  of  the 
Knight.  Yet,  110  matter bow great the success in bus 
iness  or politics,  if  the man  is  without  that  inherent 
something,  which  is  always found  in a gentleman,  and 
which ·is  so  necessary  to  a  truly  good  and  great  char 
acter,  we  are  constantly  aware  of  something  un 
symmetrical in  his composition.  The gentleman of to 
day  does  not receive special  training  upon  fixed  rules 
as  to  his  conduct  toward  his  lady,  his  companion,  or 
his  enemy.  Yet,  it  is  certainly  easier  to  aistinguish 
the real gentleman  to-day  by  his tru ly chivalrous  bear 
ing and actions  than it  was  in  the most  palmy  days  of 
Knight-errantry. 

ln comparing tbe  Knights  of  the  olden  times  with 
the gentlemen of  to-day,  we  tind  that  the  duties  are 
much  the same,  only  modified  by  the  customs  of  the 
It surely  takes  as 
different ages in which  they  lived. 
much  courage to face  the  battle of  life  now  as  it  did 
at any  period from  the time  of  Arthur and the  Round 
'l'ablc to  the decay  of  chivalry  proper. 

Opportunities arc  not  wanting  w1iere  it is possible  to 
show  courtesy  to  all,  both  high  and  low; 
to  bestow 
love  where it is  worthy  of  being received,  and  even  to 
defend the  weak  from  oppression. 
'l'he  youth  of  the 
nineteenth century is constantly proving unconsciously, 
but no  less  conclusively,  that tue principles of  chivalry 
are not dead,  or  dying,  or  even  on  the decline. 

----·---
'fhe  Tendency  of  Applause. 

CLARE  B.  WALDRON.  UNION  LITERARY  SOCIETY. 

Who  can  but admire that custom  of  the  ancients  of 
launching  a  ship  and  allowing  her  to  pass  without 
pomp  or  ceremony  from  the  yards  in  which  she  was 
constructed  to  her first  voyage  on  the fitful  sear  With 
out  ornament  of  gay  streamers,  with  nothing but the 
trict role  of  duty  to  occupy  the  minds and  attention 
of  her sailors,  she  passes from  the  sight  of  land.  All 
a i  tinction  wa 
reserved for  the  time  when she  hould 
return,  having  uccessfully  encountered the perils  of  a 
'l'hen  her  tattered  sails  and  marred  but 
raging  sea. 
worthy  sides  were  emblazoned  with  bright trappings, 
while  applauding  throngs  a  sembled  to  houor  her 
triu mp]f.  What  great  le  sons  might  be  drawn  from 
this custom,  to apply in the world  of  to-day ! 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

5 

We  see  a  person  launching  out on  the  sea  of  life; 
brilliant  he  ma.y  be  as  the  ship  i  graceful.  He may 
have  the  qualities  of 
truth  manhood  and  houor. 
Wafted  on  by  favoring  breezes,  and  cheered  by  the 
applause  of  friends and  that  part  of  the  world  whose 
ports  are  set down  in  the  sailing  chart  of  his  exi  t 
ence.  he  may  glide  serenely  over  places  free  from  the 
reefs  of  care  and  shoals  of  disappointment.  But  is 
not  the  applause  in  such  ca  es  given  too  freely  and 
injudiciously?  Not  taking  into  account  tho  pleasant 
and  ad rnntageous  circumstance 
that  surround  and 
support  him,  are  we  not  apt  to  give  him  too  much 
credit for  his successful  start ?  Should  we  not reserve 
this applause  till  he has proved himself  as  enduring  in 
tempest as  he is  gallant in calm  ? 

On  the  other  hand  we  may  see  a  person  equally 
talented, having  the  same  admirable  qualities,  but his 
life  has  been  full  of  disappointments  nobly  borne. 
'  ome  great  care  has  claimed  his  attention  and,  not 
heeding  the  glittering  prizes  of  the  world,  with  true 
generosity and  noble  purpose he has faithfully  achieved 
his  undertaking.  He  has  withstood  bravely  the  dark 
hours  of  sorrow  and  difficulty;  has  suffered  unflinch 
ingly the lacerations from  the "briers of  this  working 
day world,"  and  has  accomplished  that which  entitles 
him to  the honor  and  esteem  and  applause of  all.  But 
In the 
how  tardy  is  this  applause  in  reaching  him! 
case of  the first,  the applause,  while  unmerited, may  be 
to  "enfeeble  all  internal 
a  disadvantage,  serving 
In  the  latter  case,  of  course, 
strength of  thought." 
too  great  commendation  would  have  the  same  effect, 
but  until  we  better  learn  to  give  honor  where  honor 
is due,  we  need  fear  nothing from  that quarter.  The 
chances are that he will be without not only the applause 
of  all,  but the  support and sustaining influence  of  the 
few. 

In later life,  too,  we  may notice  a  person  exalted  by 
means that are  questionable, 
·upported  in  his position 
by  trickery  and  fraud;  but  the  simple  fact  that  he 
holds  such  a  position  seems to  be  enough  to  command 
the  applause  of  far  too  great  a  proportion  of  the peo 
ple.  We  are  too  apt to  mea  ure a  man by his station. 

"0 place!  0  form! 

How often dost thou with thy case,  thy habit, 
Wrench awe from  fools,  and tie the wiser souls, 
With thy false seeming." 

We  look  blindly  toward  the  achievement,  nor  top 
to  question the crooked  and  slimy paths  by  which  suc 
cess  was  reached. 

When a  worldly  po  ition  is  applauded above  the in 
tegrity and  uprightness that prompts one to  pursue the 
right  rather  thau  to  use  de  picable  means  to  obtain 
that position,  or  when  any  goal  in  life  is  held  higher 
than  the  sterling  qualities . that  are  exhibited  in  the 
honest  and  manful  attainment  of  that  goal,  we  are 
fostering  an  evil_  to  be  dreaded;  are harboring a  Yice 
of  dangerous  mien;  one  that  "makes  the  meat  it 
feeds  on"  and  in.  its  growth  will  effect that which no 
people working in  the intere  t  of  culture and progress 
can  afford  to  countenance,  a  compromise  between 
worldly  distinction.  unjustly obtained, and  the  qualities 
of  truth and honor. 

Prof.  Bailey  studied  during  the  winter  at  Harvard  under 
Professors Farlow,  Goodale  and  Dr.  Gray.  He also  delivered 
an address  before  the  Agricultural  Societv  of  Massachusetts. 
:r'h:is was quite a complim':'nt. to .the  ability.of  Prof. Bailey, for 
lt lS  seldom a young man 18  mv1ted  to  address  this  illustrious 
society. 
It  was  before  this  society  that .Aga  siz delivered his 
last public adckess. 

A  Century's  Progress. 

D.  L.  DAVISON,  DELTA  TAU  DELTA  FRATERNITY. 

Great  changes  have  taken  place  throughout  the 
world during  the  past  century,  and  in  no  part  of  it 
have  more wonderful  changes taken  place than  in  the 
United States. 

A  little  over  a  hundred  years  ago  the  aborigines 
roamed over  the greater  part of  this  continent  where 
now  we  find  one  of  the  most  thrifty,  energetic,  and 
highly civilized  nations on  the  face  of  the  globe.  A 
hundred  years  is  a  brief  period in the life of  a  nation, 
yet the past century has  seen  a  marrnlous  growth  in 
the United  States. 
'l'he  area has  expanded  from  the 
narrow strip east of  the  Alleghany  mountains  to  the 
Pacific slope.  The century  has  witnessed  a  growth in 
population more  remarkable than  the  increase  of  ter 
It has seen the three millions  of  1776  multiply 
ritory. 
to more than fifty millions. 
'l'he growth  is  due largel v 
to  emigration from  the  Old  World,  the  emigrants  be"' 
ing attracted  by  the ho  pit.ality  of  the  Republic which 
offers to all civil  liberty and  equal rights.  The invent 
ive  genius  of  our  countrymen  has  brought  forth  ap 
pliances which  have  been  of  great  benefit  to the com 
mercial,  agricultural  and  manufacturing  world.  The 
cotton -gin is  the invention of  an  American,  Eli  Whit 
ney,  and  has  been  the  cause  of  making  the  United 
States  the  greatest  cotton  growing  country  in  the 
world.  We are indebted to  Robert  Fulton,  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  for  the  first  steamboat  of  any  practical 
value.  An  American,  Samuel  F.  B.  Morse,  is  the in 
ventor  of  the  telegraph,  while  to  another  American, 
Cyrus  W.  Field.  is to  be  given  the  credit  of  success 
fully  laying  the  first  submarine  telegraph.  Although 
the locomotive is  the in ven ti on  of  an Englishman,  yet 
we  surpass  all  other  nations  in  the  extent  and  com 
pleteness of  our  railway system. 
ro  comparison  can 
be  made between our manufacturing industry of to-day 
and  that  of  a  century  ago;  then  our  manufacturing 
industry was  undeveloped,  to-day  it  compares  favora 
bly  with  that of  any nation  beyond  the  sea.  Our cot 
ton  and  woolen  factories  are  on  a  level  with  those  of 
Manchester  or  Leeds.  Our  great  iron  centers  are 
rivals of  Sheffield  and  Birmingham. 

Compare the agricultural implements  of  an  Ameri 
can farmer  of  to-day  with  the  farmer  of  a  hundred 
years  ago. 
'rhe  sickle  has  given  place  to  the  self 
binder,  the  flail  to  the  steam  thresher,  the  "jumper" 
to  the sulky plow;  the slow plodding ox  is  no  longer 
found  on  a  "well  regulated  farm,"  the horse,  and in 
some  instances steam,  has taken  his place. 

During this century  many authors, scienti  ts  and in 
ventors,  of  whom  every  American  has  reason  to  feel 
proud,  have arisen .  Such  names  as  Edison  and  Bell 
alone are  enough  to  make  us feel  certain  that the cen 
tury  just past has  been  one of  great progress. 

Among  authors  and  statesmen  may  be  mentioned 
such  names  as  Webster,  Hverett,  Sumner  and  Cal 
houn.  Amoug poets, Longfellow,  Bryant and  Lowell. 
Among  miscellaneous  writers,  Emerson  and  Bayard 
'l'aylor. 

Probably  in  no  branch  have  we  made  more  rapid 
progress than in  education.  At the  close  of  the  revo 
lutionary  war we  had  no  school  system,  very few  pub 
lic school  ,  and  no  colleges  worth  mentioning except 
Harvard and Yale. 
'l'o-day  we  have  the most  admira 
ble system  of  public  instruction  in  the  world,  while 
not  a few  of  our colleges and  universities are  equal to 

_, 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULU~. 

the celebrated educational institutions of  England  and 
Germany.  A  great deal  of  our  progress  and  prosper 
ity is  due no  doubt to the  interest taken in educational 
affairs. 
Education  is  the  "Gibraltar"  upon  which 
our nation  was  founded  and  upon  which it rests.  Our 
enlightenment depends  upon  our  education;  without 
enlightenment our  present form  of  government  could 
not long exist, and in uo  country except a republic could 
such  wonderful  progress  Iiave  been  made.  The  im 
prornment that we  make  during  the  next  century  re 
mains for the future  to disclose;  but it  is  safe  i o  say 
that in  a  large  mca  ure  our  future  prosperity depends 
upon  the interest the government and  each  individual 
citizen  takes in educational affairs. 

Atlirmative  Religious  Principles. 

The College  Young  Men's  Christian Association  was 
never in a  more  prosperous  condition.  A  number  of 
full  members  have  been  added  and the good  work  it is 
doing in thi  College is  very gratifying. 

On  the  arnrnge  the  meetings  arc  so  well  attended 
that more room  is needed,  a,ncl  if  it were  not for  being 
obliged to  climb three  flights  of  stairs,  a  much  larger 
number of  students would  doubtless attend. 

It would  be  a  great impetus  to  the Association  if  it 
couhl  have  the  use  of  a  room  more  easi ly  acces  ible; 
but crowded  as  is  the  College,  there seems no  way  out 
of  the  ditficulty  aL  present.  At  the  regular  meeting 
held  Sunday  evening,  March  21,  a  large  and  appre 
ciative audience gathered to hear the following  address, 
by  President Edwin Willits,  on 

AFFIRMATIVE  RELIGIOUS  PRINCIPLES. 

I  have  no  sympathy with a  negative. 

I  do  not  like 
negative men  or  women .  The  world  may  make some 
thmg  of  a  rascal,  but  of  a  fool  irnver;  the  one  bas 
'l'here is perhaps a  place in 
timber,  the other has not. 
the economy of  1111  things for  a  negative person,  but i t 
is much  like  that  for  unreclaimable swamp  and sterile 
deserts  whose  apparent  only  and  prime  purpose  is  to 
round  out  the  giobe  and  keep 
the  fertile  spots  in 
place.  A  barren  soil  will  scarcely  raise  weed  .  It is 
only  the  soil  cap11blc  of  raising  weeds  that  riot 
in 
fructification .  Adam  would have  been a  poor stick to 
stand  at  the  head  of  a  race  if  he had  been capable of 
nothing  but  good;  if  he  had  been  created  holy  and 
kept holy  by the fiat  of the  Almighty,  or  with inability 
to  known  good  and  evil. 
Jehovah did  not  make  any 
mi  take  in  the  make-up  of  the  first  man,  though  he 
and his descendan'ts have been a  source  of  considerable 
ince  the  day  the  creation  and  the  created 
trouble 
were  pronounced good. 

Again,  I  despise  a  man  or  woman  who  is  neither 
afl:irmati ve  or  negative-that  is  sometimes affirmative 
and  ometimes  negative-affirmative  to-day  and  nega 
tive  to-morrow-blows  hot and  blows cold,  so  that the 
average  don't  count  on  either  side.  You  recollect 
what  the  Revelator  said  about  the  church  of 
the 
Laodiceans : 

"These  things  saith  the  Amen,  the  faithful  and 
I 
true witness,  the  beginning of  the  cr eation  of  God. 
know thy work  ,  thou art neither cold  nor  hot;  I  would 
thou were  cold  or  bot.  So  then because  thou  art I uke 
warm  and  neither  cold  nor hot I  will  spue  thee  out of 
my mouth." 

There  is  some  sati  faction  in  puni hing  an  affirma 
tively  bad  man, and a royal pleasure in associating  with 
an  aflirmatively  good  man,  but  there  is neither  atis 
faction  nor pleasure  in  the  society  of  one  that has not 
principle enough  to be  good,  nor material  in him to  be 
bad.  There  is  neither  comfort with nor confidence in 
a  man  who  has neither ability nor stability. 

Third,  I  do  not like  a  stagnant man  or  woman,  one 
that  has  power  but  no  momentum,  ability  but  no 
energy,  vitality  but  no  life,  resources  but no impul  e. 
The  best  measure  of  the being something i  the  doing 
something.  · I  have  no  patience  with  a  student  that 
leaves the  halls of  learning  without  a  hunger for  more 
knowledge;  that  does  not  grow  in  mental 
trength 
with  growing  years,  and  does  not at stated times take 
an  account  of  stock  with  a  consciousness  that  it  is 
gr owing year  by year,  and  that it is  capital put to  pro 
ductive use.  Poor, miserable  beings. content to go  the 
round  and  round  of  the  tread-mill! 
I  belieYe  a  man 
or  woman  should  grow,  should  be  a  factor  in  any 
society,  should  be a running stream  to  drive the  wheels 
of  the industries of  the  world.  When  I  see  such  an 
one  a  stagnant  pool,  I  feel  that  a  sluice  shonld  be 
placed  underneath to set in motion the sleeping waters; 
the  onlv  fear  I  have  in  such  a  case  is  that it would 
soon  cl1~ain  the  stagnant  pond,  so  likel.Y  to  be  without 
live  springs  at its source. 

Fourth, 

I  pity a  man  or  woman  contr olled  by  the 
passions,  who  has  an  unregulated  energy that sweeps 
everything  before  it,  followed  by  a  calm  that  is  next 
door  to  death,  with  stranded  hulls,  ragged  sails,  up 
rooted  trees,  devastation  and  ruin .  What  is  more 
pitiable than a woman  who loves so  that her love  brings 
disgrace,  or  a  man  who  from  lust  or  appetite  has 
destroyed  his manhood!  The essence  of  direet  misery 
al ways  lurks  in  the  sweetness  of  such  a  gratification. 
You  cannot name an instance where the sup po  eel  tran-
ient joy bore  any  worthy compensation for the terrible 
years that surely follow .  How rarely,  Oh how rarely, are 
the husks of  riotous  living  followed  by the best  robe, 
rings  on  the  hand,  shoes  on  the  feet  and  the fatted 
calf  for  the  one  perishing  with hunger.  Repentance 
may  sometimes  bring fo rgiveness, but never restoration. 
Prodigal sons are  gener ally graceless  scamps who  blast 
their  virility  and who  are apt to  change their course if 
at all,  because  they have exhausted  their power,  rather 
than from  compunctions of  con  cience. 

.Fifth,  I  hate a  man  or  woman  without  moral  char 
acter,  who  despises  the  good,  the  pure;  who  ·co:ffs  at 
religion,  good  morals and upright life.  A  young man 
with  whom  it is not safe  to  t r ust a  woman,  deserves to 
be  drowned  as  rnthles  ly  as  we  drown  puppies.  A 
young woman who  has no  sense of  the proprieties,  gen 
erally  deserves  all  she  gets  from  a  wagging  world. 
The  worst  investment  on  earth  is  a  bad  character. 
As a vile slander is  the most terrible blow  an honest  and 
pure person  can  receive,  so  a  character or reputation 
that deserves the slander,  justifies it,  is  a  weight  on  all 
true success in  life. 

o much for  my  dislike  ,  now a  few  points as  to  my 

likes. 

ixth,  I  like  a  manly  man,  a  womanly  woman. 
Young or  old,  boy  or .girl,  true  manliness or  womanli 
ness  is  the  diamond  in  the  sceptre  of  the kings  and 
I  like  a  boy  or  girl,  man  or 
queens  of  thi  world. 
woman,  who  can look  one  in  the  eye. 
\Vhat is  there 
in that lurking meanness  that  dodges  the open glance 
of  the  honest man's eye?  What is  there in the sham 
bling  gait  of  the  uneasy  conscience?  What  is  the 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

7 

cause  of  the  .failure  of  the brazen face,  the conceited 
reprobate?  Where are  stowed  away  the  cales  that can 
weigh  honest  character  and  detect  the  counterfeit? 
Why  is  it  that  honesty  and  purity  can  look  out  of 
countenance dishonesty and impurity?  Oh,  conscience 
doth  make coward  -not of  all,  but of  those  only who 
fight  it,  or  disobey  it.  The  best  armor is  the right; 
the  be  t  courage  is  manliness.  Unquestioned  virtue 
is  true  womanliness.  The  manly  man 
looks  the 
wild  beast in the eye  and  he  quails.  Why?  Becau  e 
of  manliness.  The  pnre  woman  walks  through  the 
slum  of  the  city  in  charity or  follows  the camp from 
sold iers · hospital  to ho  pita! unharmed.  Why?  Because 
of  her  womanliness. 

Seventh,  I  like  an  affirmative  man  or  woman,  one 
who has convictions  and  the courage of  conviction, who 
is  not ashamed of  his belief,  or hi s duty.  The afilrma 
ti ve  man  moves  the  world,  fight  its battles,  and  wins 
victories.  The affirmative  woman  is  a  good  worker. 
The  wise  woman  buildeth  her home,  buildeth  it;  con 
structs,  doth  never  pull  down .  It is  positive person 
It vital-
ality  that  ad1rances  or  retards civilization. 
izes  humanity,  moves  dead  men's  bones. 
Indecision 
loses  battles and crowns.  Indecision  in the school,  the 
church  or  affairs  in  the  world  has  been  the cause  of 
more  failures  than  the  absence  of  intellectual  power. 
What  avails  power  if  its  application  be  uncertain? 
Then  I  like to  know  where a man  stands,  where  to  find 
him. 
I  thus  can  count  on  him  either fo r  or against 
me.  The  most  humiliating  place  for  an  intell igent 
man,  politically,  is  to  be  on  the  fence .  The  most 
senseless belief is no belief.  I  would  rather be a Puritan 
and  burn  witches  than  be  a  Concord  philosopher  with 
a  religion  without  virility,  as  thin  as  his degenerate 
blooll. 

There is a Scotch  proverb:  "Ye would na serve God, 

an' the Devil  were  dead." 

'rhese  people  kill  off  the  devil  anrl  by  so  doing 
emasculate  their  religion.  Religion  ha 
omething 
affirmative  left  after  the  Devil  is  disposed  of-love, 
duty,  worth . 

Bighth,  I  like a man  or  woman  of  principle.  What 
is principle?  lt is "fundamental  ubstance  or  energy, 
a fundamental  truth or  tenet,  a settled  rule  of  action, 
a governing law  of  conduct,  an  opinion  or  belief  which 
exerci  es a directing influence on  the life and behavior." 
Principle  is  the  anchor  that holds  u  in the sto rms  of 
It is  the  strong  sub  tantial  base  upon  which is 
life. 
constructed the monument of  an individual  life.  This 
abiding principle is  the  material out of  which  your life 
is constru cted.  It i  what yoL1  think,  wlrnt you  believe, 
Impulse  acts  upon  it,  religion  conse 
what you  are. 
It  is  the  basis  of  character,  and  if  it  is 
crates  it. 
broad  enough,  and  deep  enough,  passion  will  be  con 
trolled, you  will  have  an even,  steady  trength.  A  man 
of  principle is a strong man  and  gives  the  impression 
of  st rength  whereve r  he  goes.  Hi  mere presence i  a 
tower  of  strength.  H ow  gratefully  men  hide  behind 
Ile  is  easily  the  leader,  in chu rch,  in state and 
him. 
tatutes.  He  makes laws, 
in parties.  He  formulates 
because  he  is  a law  him se lf,  a  man of  principle,  a  man 
of  character. 
Ninth, 

I  like  a  tr uly  religious  man  or  woman. 
Morality is  not  religion.  Religion  includes  morality; 
it is  morality  plus principle,  plus  duty,  plus reverence 
It is 
anJ impulse, and  obligation  and  re  ponsibility. 
the  bond  that tie  u  to  the  throne  of  God.  }forality 
never  rises  higher  than  religion!  religion  strikes  the 
stars.  Men  are  uever  better  than their religion,  they 

I  Jike  such  a  man. 

are  alway  le  s.  But  mankind  generally  walk  pari 
passit  with  their morals.  Religion  creates  an  aspira 
tion,  inspires  an  epic -moral  never.  Religion  is  a 
wider  field  and  therefore  ommands  a  grander view, 
sweeps  a  broader  sea  and  sou nds  the  symphony of  a 
booming tide.  Th e man  who  travels is  a  broader man 
than  he  who  ha  never gone  beyond  ight of  his  roof 
tree.  The  man  who  seeks  hi  God  and  follows  him  in 
his  mysterious path way  through  nature and  revelation 
catches  the glow of  a divine  cu lture higher and sweeter 
than  his  whose  narrow  elf  is  the  be  all  and  encl  all, 
and  whose  object  is  more  grornlling  than the Divine 
e  seuce.  Religion 
therefore  upplcments  self-help 
with  Divine  aid,  and  it  stands  to  reason  that  the 
religious  man is  a  stronger  man,  a  truer man a  nobler 
man.  A  man  or  woman  who  walks  with  God,  is  good 
company,  is  safe  company anywhere,  at any  time,  but 
especially in the times that try men's so uls. 

Tenth  and  lastly,  like  the  peddler,  who  never  pro 
duces  the  best  ware  in  his  pack  till  the la  t. 
I  like 
bet the  man  or  woman  with  all  three  combi ned,  who 
is  affirmative,  is  religious,  ha  principle.  But it mat 
ters little  what  I  like,  or  you  like,  the  main  question 
for  us  all  to  consider is  what ought we  all  to  be?  or  to 
try to  be?  Would  we  be  strong,  courageous,  success 
fol,  we  must  be  po  itive,  affirmative.  Would  we  be 
stable,  substantial,  of  real  con  equence  in  this  world, 
we  must  have  affirmative  principles.  Would  we  be 
sons  of  God,  joint  heirs  with  Ohri  t  Jesus,  righteous 
men,  the  alt of  the earth,  the  best  type  of  manhood, 
capable  of  tbc  best  things and the greatest good  in  our 
day and generation,  we  should  be  endowed  with  attirm 
ati ve  religious principle.  Wi th  all  these  there is  afety 
and success.  Withont  them  there  is not safety,  there 
is  sure  disaster.  With  the  aflirmative  will  as  an  im 
pulse.  a  substantial  principle  as  the  power,  and  with 
religion  as  an  inspiration  and  a  guide  we  may make 
the  world  better  for  our  being  in it.  We  shall  avoid 
va  cillation,  backsliding  and  uncontrollable  passion. 
We  may  round  out our lives  into  the sym metry  of  true 
manhood,  energetic,  efficient  tru ·tworthy,  benevolent 
courteous,  cleanly.  We  may  have  mental  and  moral 
health  and sound muscle,  capable of 
triking  a  sturdy 
blow.  We  may  make  conrnrts  and  build  men  up  in 
the faith;  be  builtlers,  not  the  built;  the  potter,  not 
the  clay;  the  affirurnti ve,  positive  motor,  not the load 
to  be  dragged  or  lifted;  tlte  master  musician, not  the 
obedient  key;  in other wortls  be  li,·e  Ohri ·tian men and 
women  with  something  to  do  and  willing  to  do  our 
be  tin doing  it,  capable  of  re  ults that co unt  in this 
world  not only,  but in the  eternity,  which  is  included 
in the scope  of  our enterprise. 

Go  ye  into  all  the  world  and  preach  the gospel  to 
ever  creature.  Clo!  do  not  wait  to  be  driven!  Go!  do 
not  wait to be  hauled to  your  work!  Go  and  preach! 
Yon  are  to  be preachers,  teachers.  Preach  the gospel, 
the news,  tell  your  own  story,  preach  yon r  own  ser 
mon  ,  don't  steal  them  or  copy  them;  play your  own 
music  and  not a hand  organ  set to  a single tune.  Be 
an  affirmative  factor,  for  good,  wherever you  go.  Do 
not take  the  back  seat in  the discussion  of  any  enter 
pri  c.  You  need  not  be  forward  or  officious  or  im 
pertinent;  but  be  helpful  and handy, know  something, 
know  a  great  deal;  know  more  to-morrow  than  to 
day.  Know  more  in  omething worth  knowing  than 
any  one  else  in  the  comm uni Ly,  so  that  you  will  be 
in  demand.  But temper your knowledge with wisdom, 
with  kindline 
,  with  Ohri  tian  love  and  virtue,  and 
when  you  die  you  will  be  remembered  by  many heart~ 

,. 1 
I 

8 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

that  you  have  helped  and  in  helping  haYe  added  to 
your  own  store  of  that treasure  which  is  not counted 
alone  in this life,  but  is  rich in the  glories  of  the life 
to  come. 

College  Co-operative  Associations. 

Among  the  many  items  of  expense  in  a  college 
education,  that of  books and  stationery is  of  no  small 
moment. 

By its greatness students are  prevented  from  enjoy 
ing  the  use  of  many  necessary  articles,  and  only  by 
strenuous efforts  do  they  succeed  in  getting  through 
college  with  even  a  meagre  supply  of  student  com 
modities. 

To  bring about a  change  in  this  matter has  been the 
earnest  effort  of  students  in  a  few  colleges,  and  the 
problem  of  reducing  this  item  of  expense  is  at  last 
solved  by  the  establishment  of  Oooperati ve  Associa 
tions. 

'rhese  are  organizations  for 

the  sole  purpose  of 
cheapening the  prices  of  all  articles  used  by  the stu 
dents.  Members  of  the  faculty,  students,  and  all 
persons  in  any  way  connected  with  the  college  are 
entitled to  membership  on  the  payment of  an  annual 
fee  of  one  or two  dollars.  This fee,  together  with the 
commission made on the  goods,  is  used  to  defray  the 
expenses of the association. 

A  room  is  procured in which  the  stock is  kept  and 
sold .  All goods needed  by  the students are  purchased 
at  the  very  lowest  wholesale  prices,  and  a  very  small 
. per cent is  added to this cost for  commission.  Thus it 
will  readily  be  seen  that  the  commission  of  two  or 
three  merchants is  saved  to  the  students,  and  a  great 
reduction in the cost  of goods is  thereby  obtained. 

In order not to necessitate the association  to keep  on 
hand  a  large  and  expensive  stock  of  miscell~ny, ar 
rangements  are  made  with  the  merchants  in  town 
whereby  a1l  members of  the  association  receiYe  at  the 
stores of  these associated  tradesmen  a  discount on re 
tail  prices of from  five  to fifteen  per cent. 

To insure  ag[•inst  any tleception  on  the  part  of  the 
merchant in this  discount each is  placed  under  bonds 
of  one  hundred  dollars. 

'rhe  number  of  merchants  thu  uniting  with  the 
In 
association  is limited to  one  or  two  of  each  clas~. 
some classes,  uch as  the  tailors,  there is  one tailor for 
each  grade  of  work  done,  representing  the  high,  me 
dium,  and  low  price  .  By  this  means  all  classes  of 
students are satisfied. 

The association  is  under  the  supervision of  a  board 
of directors composed of one  or  two  members from  the 
faculty,  and  a  member  from  each  class  and  depart 
ment. 

This  board  chooses  a  superintendent  who,  with an 
assistant,  does  the  purchasing and all  other  work  per 
taining  to  the successful  operation  of  the  association. 
He is  obliged to  deposit a  bond  or  other  security satis 
factory to the  board,  and  his  accounts  are  to be  open 
at all  times to  the inspection  of that body. 

For bis services  the  superintendent  receives  a  salary 
which  is  fixed  by  the  board  of  directors,  and  cannot 
exceed the totftl commission made  upon goods sold  plus 
the membership fees. 

The superintendent is  usually a  member  of  the col 
lege,  who  can  work  for  the  interests  of  the  students, 
and  upon  whose  business ability depends the success  of 
the organization. 

At  present  there  are  in  successful  operation  co-

operative  associations  at  Harvard,  Yale,  Ann  Arbor 
and  other  like  institutions,  and  one  being  started  at 
Princeton. 

At  Yale, with which the write1: is  mostly acquainted, 
the advantages  gained  by  the  cooperative  association 
may be  enumerated under  three  heads.  First:  reduc 
tions in purchases made from  the city  associated  trades 
men.  From  statistical  returns,  the  average  actual 
saving to members  in  this  way  for  about  six  months 
was 
'10.89,  while  the  greatest  individual  saving  was 
35.  Second  :  reduction  in prices of  goods purchased 
at  the  cooperative  store.  These  reductions  from  the 
regular retail  prices  varied  from  twenty  to  forty  per 
cent. 

Third:  the  cooperative  store  serves  as  a  source  of 
general  information  and  increased  convenience  to the 
student"s.  The work in  this  direction  includes,  order 
ing  text-books  and  all  other  articles,  distributing in 
structors'  "tracts"  and  college  papers,  checking  bag 
gage and purchasing rail way tickets, publishing athletic 
notices,  and giving  general  information  about  college 
matters. 

The  association  at  Ann  Arbor  was  but  recently  or 
ganized,  but  is  now  in  a  prosperous  condition;  and 
certainly it has been the  means of greatly reducing  the 
expenses  of  the  students,  both  in  the  University  and 
the high  school. 

This  method of  reducing  college  expenses is  meeting 
with  much favor,  and  ere  long  every educational insti 
tution  will  auopt it to  a greater or less  extent. 

T.  A.  S . 

Bussey  Institute. 

C.  S.  CRANDALL. 

Bussey  Institute-the School of  Agriculture of  Har 
vard  College-was  founded  by  Benjamin  Bussey,  a 
Boston merchant,  who  gave a  large  SL1m  ($350,000)  for 
its endowment, and for the maintenance of  the  L:tw  and 
Divinity Schools.  The fund  is  invested  in  Boston  real 
estate, and of  the income  Bns  ey  receives  one-half;  the 
Law  and  Divinity schools  one-qnarter  each.  The  In 
stitute is  located  about five  miles  from  Boston  on  the 
line  of  the  Boston  and  Providence  railroad,  and  near 
the  village  of  Jamaica  Plain,  one  of  Boston's  most 
pleasant  subnrbs. 

The site is  elevated  and the views  obtained from  the 
grounds,  of  hills and  valleys  thickly  dotted  with  fine 
residences,  and  covered  with  trees  and  shrubbery  in 
great  variety are  a  source  of  pleasure not soon  tired  of 
by one accustomed to  the  monotonous level of  our own 
State.  The  building  containing  the  class-rooms,  li 
brary,  chemical  laboratory  and  ottices  is  a  granite 
structure,  tasty  in  design,  and  generally  pleasing  in 
appearance.  The grounds are  planted  with  trees  and 
plants, and the lawns are intersected  by  well  graveled 
walks  aud  drives,  the  whole  bearing  eYidenoe  of  the 
landscape  gardener's  handiwork.  A  short  distance 
from the main building are the plant-houses and  dwell 
ing of  the  gardener;  back  of  these  the  barns,  hot 
beds,  cold-frames,  and  pits  for  winter  storage  of 
plants.  The Institute  has  a  farm  of  about  three hun 
dred  acres;  only  a  small  portion  is  now  tilled,  the 
greater part being devoted  to  pasturage.  The  course 
of  study embraces agriculture,  agricultural  chemistry, 
horticulture and botany. 
'rhe course was  at one  time 
more  extended  than now,  but owing  to  the Boston fire 
in  1872,  and  sul>seq neut  shrinkage  in  the  value  of 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

9 

b' 

property,  the much smaller income  marle  it  necessary 
to  reduce  the  corps  of  instrnctorR  and  abridge  the 
?ourse.  Dr.  Storer,  Prof.  of  Agricu ltnral  Chemistry, 
is  Dean of  the In  titute.  Professor  B.  1\1.  Watson oc 
cupies the chair of  horticulture,  and  it is to  his  depart 
ment that  we  wish  more  particularly to  call  attention. 
The course  through which  he  takes  the  student  i  a 
most  intere  ting  one.  Class-room  work  alternates 
with laboratory  work  through  the  week.  The  green 
house  is  the  horticultural  laboratory.  Here  the  stu  
den.t  goes  thro~1gh all  the indoor  operations  of  propa 
g~tm~ and  canng for  plants.  Under  the  profes  or's 
d1rect10n  he  prepares the soil  for  pottincr  makes  cut-
. 
tings  o~ leaves,  of  roots,  of  growing  wood,  of  ripened 
wood,  mserts  buds,  does  grafting  in  different  ways. 
Nor· does  he  stop  here.  He  must  assume  the  entire 
m~nagement of  these  pro  pective  plants,  watc(l  them 
daily, see  that  t.hey  are  rightly supplied with  moisture, 
~eat and sunshme,  and care for  them  until they estab 
lish themselves,  and  by  their  growth  prove  the  stu 
the  preliminary 
dent's. skill  in  the  performance  of 
operat10ns.  The lectures  of  the course  and  the  labor 
In  the  class-room  the 
atory work  go  hand  in  hand. 
student is  told  of theories,  principles and  methods;  in 
the l ~boratory he .with  his  own  hands  put 
these  into 
:practice; .he  associates  ~imself intimately with the ob 
Jects  of  lns study.  This  method indtlCes  thoucrht  and 
clos~r observation.  Brain and hand  work  in ° unison 
an~ the  ~cquirement of  knowledge is  both  faster  and 
rhe work  ~· oom of  the plant-house is  provided 
e~s t e r . 
with  e~ery  convemence  for  this  practical  work,  and 
plants m  ab1mdance  are at the rlisposal  of  the  student 
for  p r~ctice and  experiment.  The work  is thoroughly 
~ducat10n~l, and  ~t no  place in  this country  is  provis 
ion _for  tlus  most mterest ing  and  important aid to  the 
stuoent so  well  made  as  at the  Bussey  Institute. 

The nu~1be.r  of  students  attending  the  institute  is 
small,  owmg m  great part no  doubt  to  the rather high 
fees,  and expense  of  living,  and in  part perhap  to  the 
fact  that few  young  men  care  for  just  the  course  of 
study there  offered. 

Conne~ted with the  In titute, yet  distinct as  to  man 
agement, is the Arnold Arboretum-embracincr one hun 
d~·ed and  ixty-fi ve  acres.  Professor  C.  S.  Sargent  is 
director, and  Mr.  J~tekson Dawson  the superintendent. 
Here are  propagated and  grown  fore  t  trees  and  ivild 
plant~ of  all  descriptions.  0 ne  plantation,  consisting 
of  thirty-seven parallel  beds  ten  feet  wide  and  three 
hundred feet  long,  is  devoted to  hru bs,  and  contains 
representative  specimens  of  over  eleven  hundred 
spe?ies and  varieties.  Many  of  the plants are  rare and 
cunous, and  all  are  arranged in botanical sequence and 
~eatly label.ed.  A'.1other  plat given  to  the  pine  family 
is  ~lied  with  nat1 ve  and  foreign  conifers  in  great 
variety; ..  other .plats  are  used as  nurseries  for  seedling 
forest  and  fruit  trees,  for  native  crrapes  and  berries 
' 
an  or vanous expenments which  are  being carried on 
from  year  to  year.  The  Arboretum  affords  excellent 
opportunity  ~o .the  Bussey  student  for  the  study  of 
forestry,  ~nd is  m . every-day  use  by  Prof.  Watson  as 
means of  1llustrat~on.  We  have  with  us  a  good  many 
students who  are  mtere  ted  in  horticultural  matters · 
who. are  desi rous  o.f  greater  practical  knowledge  of 
horticultural operat10ns.  We have  a labor system,  and 
we  hear these  students  express  desire  for  labor  more 
trnly. educational than hoeing corn  or  weeding onions, 
a  des1.re  to  put  more  fully  into  actual  practice  the 
teachings of  the lecture-room.  They  want  just  such 
labor as  the  Bussey Institute ~i ves  its students.  They 

df 

. 

. 

b 

should have it; and  our  College  should  have  the means 
to  give  it.  It  would  require  no  very  large  sum  to 
secure all  the  neces  ary  appliances,  and  this  addition 
to  the  means  of  illustration  would  we  are  sure  awaken 
new  interest in  the  College among  the  many  horticul 
It would furnish studeuts with 
turali  ts of  the State. 
purely  educational  labor,  increase  their  interest,  and 
be  of  lasting benefit  to  those students who  are  seeking 
knowledge in horticultural methods. 

New Appar atus fo r  t he fJ hemical  Labor atory. 

A  short  paragraph  went  the  rounds  of  the  news 
papers  a  £ew  months  ago  to  the effect  that there was 
only  one  College  in  the  country  that  pos  essed  the 
apparatus necessary to  make liquid  carbonic  acid,  and 
that this wa  used only once  in two  years. 

Ever  since  a  cast-iron  generator  exploded  in  Paris 
while  liquid  carbonic acid  was  being  prepared,  killing 
the  Professor  aud  several  of  his as  istants,  chemists 
have  "fought shy" of  this  dangerous  machine.  Ap 
paratus of  enormous  strength  must  be  used  to  avoid· 
dreadful accidents.  Yet  it  is  very  improbable  that 
there is  only one  College in the United States  that bas 
the apparatus for  preparing this singular liquid.  If it 
is  true it will  not  long  remain  so,  for  an  apparatus is 
being  made  for  the  Chemical  Laboratory  under  the 
direction of  Dr.  Kedzie.  The cylinders  both  for  gen 
erator and  condenser  are  made  of  cast-steel,  and seem 
to  be  strong  enough  to  resist  the enormous strain to 
which they  will  be  subjected. 

For  some  years  liquid  carbonic  acid  has  been  made 
in  a  small  way  in  this  laboratory  in  glass  tubes  for 
illustration and  experiment.  One  of  these  glass  tubes 
exploded  in  the Doctor's  hands a  year  ago,  cutting his 
finger  and face,  but  fortunately  inflicting  no  perma 
nently injury.  A  few  week  ago  another tube exploded 
in  the  hands  of  his  son,  cutting  and  bruising  him 
severely,  but inflicting no  permanent hurt. 
'l'he force 
of  the explosion  was  so  great  that  fragments  of  the 
glass  tube were  driven  into  wiudow  gla s just as  shot is 
fired  into  wood. 

With the new  apparatus this  liquid  can  be made,  not 
If this  larger 

by  tbe  teaspoonful,  but  by  the  quart. 
quantity should explode  - - !  and  ? 

Other liqui tied  ga es  have  been  made  in the  .L'.tbora 
tory,  sealed  up  in  gla s  tubes  and  stored away  among 
the chemical curiosities, such as  ulphur dioxide, liquid 
chlorine  and  liquid  hydrochloric acid. 
'rwo of  these 
can  probably  be  found  nowhere  else  in the  State. 

The  Laboratory  has  lately  received  two  assay  fur 
nace 
(Judson's),  Orr  &  Hess's  gold  and  silver fur 
naces  (the same  as  those  used  in  U.  S.  mint)  and  a 
large assortment  of  mutlles,  crucibles,  annealing cups, 
cupel  ,  etc.  These,  in  a lditiou  to  Hibbs's  furnace 
which  has  been  many years in  the  Laboratory,  furnish 
a good  outfit for  assaying  for  the  public  and  for  the 
use  of  students.  The facilities for  work  in the  Chemi-
cal  Laboratory are of  a high order. 

· 

--- -- -- -

President  Willits spent a  month last  winter  at  Washington 
in the interests of a  bill to appropriate ,'15,000 to  each  agricul 
tural college of the United States for the  pw·po  e  of  establish 
ing agricultural experimental stations at  each  college.  So  in 
fluential a worker is President ·willits that  the  House commit 
tee  reported  favorably  on  the  bill.  One  of  the  professors 
remarked,  sub  1·osa,  to  your  scribe  that  ~he  President  came 
ho1ue very much elated over t  e prospects of the nwasur~ . 

10 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

-

THE  COLLEGE SPECULUM. 

Published  Qnal'ter ly-Augu  t,  October,  April,  and  June, 

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DELTA  TAU  DELTA  ~'RATERNITY. 
A.  E.  BROWN ................................ .  ------------------ Personals 

W .  A.  KINNAN .......... ---------- .. ------------- - ..... Business Manager 
PROF.  S.  JOH,  SON ............ ----------- · .............. ..... ... Treasnrer 

AGRJCUJ,TURAL  COLLEGE,  MICH.,  APRIL  1,  1886. 

WITH  THIS  our first  number of  1886  we  are  pleased 
to  spread  the news  to  THE  SPECULUM  readers  that  at 
the  present time the  College is  in a  high state of  pros 
perity. 

With the spring addition  of  sixty students the ranks 
of the  Freshman class  have  been  swelled  to  one  hun 
dred and  thirty-six,  the largest class ever known  at the 
institution,  and  we  can  but  hope  that  four  years  will 
not serve  to reduce this number one  half. 

It is  a  puzzling  fact  that  the  two  upper  cla  ses,  e  -
pecially  the  Junior,  have  become  so  much  reduced  in 
numbers. 

We  are  unprepared  to  give  reasons  for  thi ·  state  of 
things,  other than ill-health  or  low  pecuniary  circum  
stances.  If these  be  the  reasons  they  will  affect  th e 
present lower  classes in  a  similar  manner,  but  if  they 
are not so  affected  another  more  potent  cause  may  be 
ascribed  to it.  Time  will  tell. 

SINCE  THE  last issue  of  THE  SPECULUM  the country 
has  been  much  agitated  by  labor  organizations,  and 
just what effect  these organizations will  have upon  the 
In mo  t 
country is  a  matter of  serious  consideration. 
In 
instances  geheral  demoralization  has 
other  whole  families  have  been  compelled  to  starve  ; 
while in others there has been  bloodshed. 

resulted. 

It is  evidently a  strife  between  labor  and  capital  as 
to which shall  have  the  balance  of  power,  or shall both 
exist  on  the  same  level.  The  numerous  strikes  are 
causing great annoyance  in the  business  world,  and  it 
is  a  difficult  matter  to  decide  which  party  is  in  the 
wrong. 

In  some  ca  es,  however,  it  is  very  evident  that  the 
If,  for  instance,  a  manufac 
laborers  are  at  fault. 
turing  ~stablishment is  paying its  employcs  all  that i8 
po  . ible  and  still  keep  out  of  debt,  a  demand  for  an 
increase  of wages  is unjust. 

It is perfectly  right  so  to  r egulate  wages,  that  the 
firm  can pay at lea  t  five  per cent.  on  the  inve  tment, 
to  say  nothing of  the  wear  and  tear,  and risk  involved, 
and if the laborers are not contented with corre  ponding 
wages,  their  only privilege is  to  leave,  and  others,  who 
are  willing,  should  have  the  liberty  to 
take  their 
places. 

When the Knights of  Labor,  or any  other  organiza 
tion  attempt  to  dictate  to  the  manufacturer  whom 
they shall employ and  what  wages  shall  be  paid,  they 
are  stepping  on forbidden  territory,  are  running  con 
trary to the spirit of  the freedom  and independence  of 
thi  country;  and when  a  body  of  men  forcibly  pre 
vent others from  working,  the former  are 
imply  tak 
ing away  the wages  of  the latter.  This is  robbery and 
should be punished accordingly.  The foreign  element, 
whi ch  compose  the  majority  of  these labor union  ,  are 
endeavoring to exercise upon people in  this country the 
very  tyranny from  whi ch  they  themselves  have  but re 
cently  fled;  and  it  remains  for  the  native  American 
element  to  decide  wh ether  or  no  such  shall  be  al 
lowed. 

( 

i 

The ignorance that exists  in  these  union 

in  the 
majority,  and it  often  manifests  itself  by  the  foolish 
and extravagant  mea  ures  resorted  to  to  gain  the de 
sired  end.  By these extreme and  unjust  measures the 
organizations  will,  if 
they  don't  kill  themselve  ,  at 
least so weaken  themselves that by the combined efforts 
of  the manufacturers they  can be  crushed out of  exist 
ence.  The  great  thing  now  in  the  way  of  such  a 
movement is  the feeling  o.f  strife  and  animosity exi  t 
ing  between  the  manufacturers.  When  this  feeling  is 
tand  by 
banished  and  manufactur ers  are  willing  to 
each other,  then  may  we look for  a  united  action  that 
will  certainly stamp out the  eYil  rising in our midst. 

But we clo  not wish  to  be  understood a  believing the 
laborers al way  in the wrong.  We  are aware  that many 
rich  and money-making concerns pay starvation wages, 
and  in such  ca  es  justice should  be  insisted  upon,  but 
the  demands  therefor  should  be  made  within  just 
limits. 

These labor unions tend to  put  a  premium  on  poor 
work,  bringing its price nearer  to  that of skilled labor. 
A  skilled  workman can most always  find  employment, 
but  an  unskilled  one  should  be  contented  with  low 
wages or compelled  to  roam  the world over in search  of 
better. 

However,  thi  general  increa  e  in  wage  which  at 
µresent  seeems evident,  will  on ly  increase  the  price of 
goods,  and  what is  gained  in  increased  wages  will  be 
expended in the corresponding  increa  e  in  the  cost  of 
daily commodities. 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

11 

WITH  TIIE  introcluction  of  a new administration and 
two  new  departments  the  Coll ege  bas  received  an im 
petus resulting in a  large  increase of  st udents. 

With  the  added  mechanical  and  military  depart 
ment  ,  the question  presents itself whether or no  these 
will  overshadow  the  agricultural  department.  There 
seems  prevalent  among  many,  the  fear  that  this  de 
partment will  not fignre  o prominently as  it has  here 
tofore.  At  present  we  feel  justified  in  expelling  nJl 
such fears,  yet  as  "forewarned  is  forearmed,"  it  may 
not be  out of  place  to  call  attention  to  the  fact  that 
only by  every  effort  on  the  part  of  the  Professor  of 
Agriculture,  and  the  active  interest  of  all  others  in 
authority can  that department  be  maintained as  one  of 
the prominent features  of  the institution. 

We  recognize  the  fact  that  to  make  the  study  of 
agriculture proper of  intere  t  to  the  ordinary student 
is  no  ea  y  matter,  and  for  that  very  reason  those  in 
ch<trge  should be  abreast  with the times,  and  by  every 
new  scheme,  endeavor  to  present  the  lectures,  dry 
though they may  be,  in an  interesting  and  instructive 
manner. 
tools, 
machinery  and  breeds  of  cattle  is  rather unsatisfactory 
when  we  are  obliged to  rely  wholly  upon  onr  imagina 
tion.  We  think  the  interest  might  be  enhanced,  and 
perfect sati  faction  given,  by illustrating all  these  with 
the magic lantern. 

the  description  of 

For  instan ce: 

This is but an example  of  what may  be  done in  many 

other directions. 

We  believe  the  work  system,  if  conducted  properly, 
is  one  great means of  sustaining  the  department,  and 
trust  it  will  ever  be  the  redeeming  feature  of  the 
school. 

But,  however  important the work  system  may be,  it 

must have some limitations.  The work  given  to  stu 
dents should be  as  instru ctive  as  possible;  and  all  that 
is absolutely  uninstructive,  hard,  manual labor  should 
be  given  to  outside parties  who  are  willing  to  do  such 
In other words, the labor 
work for ordinary day wages. 
system  should  be  a  part  of  the  instructive  course,  as 
inexpensive  to  the  State  as  possible,  but by  no means 
carried on  as  a  money-making  department. 

To further  increase  the value  of  the agricultural de 
partment,  the barns  and  tool  house  should  be  replete 
with every new  and meritorious machine  for  lessening 
farm  labor, and all  new  devices for  the better handling 
of  cattle,  old  and  young,  should  be  on  exhibition, 
either in actual  use  or hung  up  in the sample room. 

In this  way  students could  become  acquainted  with 
all the new inventions,  and by seeing  them  in  use  could 
decide  whether  or  no  they are  of  practical  merit.  The 
farm  should  be  more  of  an  experiment  station  in  this 
direction  than it is. 

is compulsory.  As  a  result,  all  students take military. 
None  work save  the few  who  are obliged  to  for  pecuni 
ary reasons,  and the interest  in agriculture is  at  a  very 
low  ebb.  Visitors seem  satisfied  with  the  institution 
as  a  military academy,  but think the  agricultural  part 
a mere farce.  The  College is  possessed  of  one  of  the 
best agricultural professors in the country, and has con 
nected with  it  the  State  Experiment  Station,  so  that 
there seems no  reason for  the comparative insignificance 
of 
the  agricultural  department,  other  than  lack  of 
interest and enthusiasm  in  that  direction  on  the  part 
of  the president and  a few  others. 

Now 

then,  should  not  the  Michigan  Agricultural 
College  take  warning  from  the  above  and  so  fortify 
and advance  its Department  of  Agriculture  that  stu 
dents coming from  a  distant State may find  it equal to, 
if  not beyond,  their expectations? 

WE  CALL  the  especial attention  of  our  readers,  par 
ticularly  the  students  and  faculty,  to  the  article  on 
Cooperative  Associations. 

It has  been  and is  to-day  the  aim  of  this  institution 
to  be  as  inexpensive  as  possible,  and  yet,  reasonable  as 
it is,  there are many  who  complain. 

Here  is  a  method,  which,  if  properly  conducted, 
will  very  much  reduce  the  existing  expenses  in  the 
same  manner  that  the club boarding system has done. 
Situated as  we  are,  we  must either travel seven  miles 
to  buy  goods  from  the  town  merchants,  or  purchase 
them  from  students  on  the grounds,  paying them the 
second,  third and perhaps the fourth  commission. 

From  a  personal  knowledge  of  the  business,  we 
know that the  profit  of  the  student selling here,  is in 
some  instances one  hundred per cent.,  while  the  aver 
age is  from  twenty  to  forty per cent. 

This  is  in  the  line  of  stationery alone.  Oil  is  sold 
for  twenty  cents  per  gallon,  while  down  town  it  is 
fifteen .  Here is  a  profit  of  one-third  on  retail prices. 

Many other examples might be  cited. 
The  cooperative  system  would  save  money  to  the 
student,  not  only  on  goods purchased on the grounds, 
but also on clothing and  all  other articles  which  we  are 
obliged  to  purchase  in  the  city.  But  some  may  say 
that  by  the  present  method  of  selling goods  students 
in the  business are enabled to  pay expenses. 

How  far  this  is  true  we  are  unable  to say,  but cer 
tain it is that where  many are engaged in the trade,  no 
one  student  can  pay  his expenses,  and  what money is 
made  by  the very few  is  drawn from the pockets of  the 
others. 

With a cooperative system a  saving is secured by  all, 
while  one_,  or  possibly  two,  is  sure  of  his  ordinary 
expenses. 

We  may  cite the  nfassachusetts  Agricultural  College 
It is  supposed to 
a  an  example  of  the point at hand. 
be  an  agricultural school,  but  agricultural  studies  are 
elective,  work  is entirely optional,  while  military drill 

We  will  not argue further,  but trust that some ener 
getic  student.  will  take  the  matter in hand and push 
it to  uccess,  for  if  the  system  will  work in any place, 
it certainly will  here. 

12 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

A  small  room  cou ld  be  partitioned  off  in  Col lege 
tore,  and  the  expenses  of 
Hall for  the  purpose  of  a 
running  the enterprise would  be 
imply clerk  hire and 
a few  other minor items.  The hours of  business could 
so  be  arranged  as  not  to  interfere with recitations on 
the part of  the Superintendent,  and  there would  be  no 
need  of  keeping open  after  6 P.  M. 

WOULD  IT  not  be  of  much  benefit  to  the  student 
if  our  library  was  open  more  on  Sundays?  With  a 
great many,  Sunday is  the only day available for  read 
ing,  and  when  the  library  seems  to  be  most needed  it 
is  open the  least.  Two  hours  is a  very  short time for 
two  hundred  students  to  peruse  the  papers,  to  say 
nothing of  book ·reading.  Sunday forenoon is by many 
occupied  in  doing  work  that  can  be  done  at  no  other 
time,  while  there  are  others  who  have  other  t ime to 
spend in reading. 

Now  if  the  library  could  be  open  from  12: 30  to 
2 : 30 Sunday afternoons  it  would  accommodate  those 
who  cannot go  there in  the  morning,  and furthermore 
it would give  a  better opportunity for  consulting some 
particular work  which  must  be used in connection  with 
the Sunday school  or the  Y .  M.  0.  A.  We  don'~ feel 
librarian  to  remain  longer  in  the 
like  asking  our 
library,  especially on  Sunda.ys,  lor already is  her work 
tedious enough;  but  could  not  some  arrangement  be 
made  whereby  some  person  could  open  the rooms  for 
two  hours before church? 

We  feel  confident  that such  a movement would  meet 

with  much favor  among  the students. 

THE  IRREGULARITY  in ringing the  College  bell  oc 
casions  much  inconvenience  to  the  students  and  all 
others  whose  time for  work  it governs. 

The bell  being rung by  hancl,  it  is  an  impossibility 
that the  ringing  shou ld  always  be  on  time,  and  the 
sooner the present  method is  abolished  the  better for 
all  concerned. 
'rhe bell  ringer is  paid  at  the  rate  of 
eight cents per hour and is  allowed  three  hours,  or  24 
In  round  numbers  this  amounts  to 
cents  per  day. 
about  six~y-five dollars  a year,  for  simply pulling a bell 
cord,  and  in five  years  enough . money is  ~xpended to 
build  a tower and purchase a clock whose bell  could  be 
heard all  over  the grounds and in any part of the build 
ing.  Accuracy  in  time  would  then  be  insured  and 
with  no  further  expense  other  than  that  of  weekly 
winding the clock. 

We  believe  a  clock  of this kind preferable to  electric 
bells  in  the  halls,  for  these  reasons:  it  will  be  less 
trouble  to  construct,  less  liable  to  get out of  order,  in 
constant use  day  and night,  year  in  and  year  out,  but 
a  trifle  more cost,  if any,  at the outset, and  there  must 
be a large  bell  on the grounds for  those  working  out of 
doors. 

Another point:  as  it is  now,  if  an  extra  class  is  to 
be  heard_ or  anything  out  of  the  regular  hours,  the 

bell-ringer  has  to  be  told  of the fact,  or after  the hour 
is  past some  one  must hurry and ring  the  bell. 

With a clock striking every hour or  half hour, simply 
the  time would  ha,·e to  be  stated  and  all  would  kuow 
when  that time came. 

We  hope  to  see  this  change  brought  about  in  the 
near future,  since  so  long as  it  remains as  it is,  just so 
long is it a  constant source  of  unnecessary  expense  to 
the  State,  and an  aggravation to  the  student. 

SINCE  THE  management  of  the  green-house  was 
transferred  to  the florist  a  continual  improvement has 
been  noticed.  Facilities for  the better running of  the 
house  have  been  increased,  and  the neat and beautiful 
appearance  of  the  different  apartments  reflects  much 
credit upon  its  manager. 

The yielU  of  flowers  is  very  abundant,  and  members 
of  the  State  Board and other State  officials  can  now  be 
supplied with the most handsome  of bouquets gratuite 
ment.  Visitors are carried  away with  the grandeur and 
beauty of  the place,  and  the  patronage from  town  a,nd 
other places is  becoming of  increased extent. 

'ro  the  students  and  Faculty,  the  green-house  is 
very  convenient,  so  far  as  distance  is  concerned,  but 
the prices  charged  for  flowers,  are  in  most  instances, 
- - - - ?  and  preference seems  to  be  given  to 

outside parties. 

Whether or  no  the  house  pays  for  itself  we  are  llll 
looks  as  though  it 

able  to  state,  but  it  certainly 
should. 

Aside  from  its  being  attractive,  its  real  practical 
value  to  the  students  amounts  to  nothing.  No  in 
struction  is  given  in  the  building,  and  very  few  ex 
periments are  conducted. 

For the proper study of  horticulture a  well  equipped 
green-house is necessary,  solely  f~r the purpose of  hor 
ticultural  experimentation .  Therein  could  many  of 
illustrated.  Students 
the  principles  of  botany  be 
could  stucly  and  observe  the  effects  of  cross  fertiliza 
tion,  could  practice  the  various  methods  of  budding 
and grafting,  and  the  propagation  of  our  beautifully 
colored flowers .  Further, it will  not be long before the 
number of  lady students will  be much in creased, and to 
them one of  the  most interesting and  beautiful studies 
in  our course  of  applied science  would  be  Floriculture. 
'£his,  to  be  properly  taught,  requires  a  green-house 
under the direct super vision  of  the instructor, where by 
every method used in the art and science  of  cultivating 
flowers  may  be  practically demonstrated . 

W.  H.  Coffren,  '82,  whom om·  r eaders  will  remember as. be 
ing in the  sig~al service  and  loca;ted  at.  ~he  central  stat10~ , 
Washington, is purstung a  com·se m  med1cme ~t Harvard Uni 
versity,  besides attendiug to his duties i~ ~he ms.trument  tes~­
ing department of  the service.  The  ability  which  he  maru 
fested while taking the course of study at_ Fort Wayne,  ~radu­
ating  with  highest  honors,  led  the  ser.vice. to  entertam  the 
highest hopes for  his future and  to  retam  lum  at .the  central 
station  in the physical laboratory, where the many ID strum en ts 
used in the  service  are  inspected  and  carefully  tested.  The 
superior manner in which he has filled  this  position  has  fully 
demonstrated the wisdom of their action. 

• 

I 

' 

TRE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

13 

Drill. 
No hazing. 
New cadets. 
"  Coeds,"  six. 
A  new  band. 
Hear them play. 
Spring draweth I 
A  pleasant winter? 
Class '89  numbers 136. 
Three J·apanese students. 
Let's hear from the band. 
Go to Jackson-for close shaves. 
The seniors have ordered class rings. 
Dr. Abbot has the senior rhetoricals. 
Fruit promises to be plenty this season. 
Dr.  Grange has ab excellent class-room. 
The  Forcing house is working first rate. 
The cadets began drilling about March 15. 
Consiclerable sickness in school at present. 
Have you visited the new veterina ry  hall? 
The gr eenhouse is in an excellent condition. 
Common talk-" Such an excellent drill-hall." 
Students' house-cleaning on that last of Ap1il ! 
Hale and McKee of '82 attended the stock sale. 
Forty students are taking the Mechanical course. 
Students in mechanical course make their own tools. 
Call and see the admirable paintings of  l\frs.  Prof. Bailey. 
Dr. Kedzie r ecently secured a  fully  equipped assay furnace. 
The  board have granted $20 for  copies- and models for draw-

ing. 

The  College  bell  has  been  moved  to  the  top  of  Williams 

Hall. 

Secretary  Reynolds  r emained  at  the  College  during  the 

winter. 

Sixty Freshmen in one division in Geometry, and over fifty in 

the other. 

Have you  heard of  the  "ladies' serenade"  in  front  of  Wil 

liams  Hall? 

Lieut.  Lockwood  spent the winter at  the Bermudas with .an 

invalid sister. 

A  certain  Freshman  says  he  would  soo ner  smoke  tobacco 

than gunpowder. 

Prof.  L.  C.  Carpenter went  to  Detroit  March  26,  for  treat 

ment for his eye. 

Prof.  l\foLouth's office is on the ground  floor  of  the tower in 

the  Mechanical Hall. 

Dr.  Beal lectured in the chapel March 18,  on" The Structure 

of  a  Blade of  Grass." 

M.  A.  C. is proud,  and of  right should  be,  of  her  President, 

Faculty and students. 

Dr.  Beal  will  exhibit  some  of  the  drawings  of  the  Sopho 

mores at the State Fair. 

Just  think  of  seventeen  pins  projecting through the seat of 

one Freshman's pants!!! 

Mr.  Helmore of '88  recently  presented  the  College  with  an 

egg of  an emu  from Australia. 

The lawn between  the  big  stone and Williams Hall is to  be 

plowed, and then seeded  again. 

Miss Harrison  taught  the  children  (of  the smaller growth) 

of  the College during the  winter. 

A  part of  the vegetable  garden  will be devoted to the grow 

ing of  fifty or sixty sorts of  wild grasses. 

The  Mechanical  department lately had occasion to purchase 

$75  worth of  apparatus for the department. 

Mr.  C.  H.  Ward,  two years  with '82,  presented  the Geologi 

cal Museum  with a fiµe  lot of minerals and ores. 

Five Indiana students;  the  admirable  workings  of  the Col 

lege are being felt,  not ouly at home,  but abroad. 

Mr.  H.  E.  Thomas,  '85,  and  late  Editor-in-Chief  of  the 

SPECULUM,  was on the grounds Friday,  March 26. 

Prof.  Cook presented a  paper on the ''Pollen Theory"  at  the 

National Bee-Keepers' Association's meeting at Detroit . 

Miss  McLouth conducts an  afternoon  school  of  the Faculty 

children in the lecture room of  the new Mechanical Hall. 

The c01ning pathetic song,  entitled:  "Keep  off  the Grass." 

L.  H.  Bailey. 

Did  you  hear  any  thing  "drop"  when  "Prexy"  planted 
himself on the smoking question in Chapel the other morning? 
The  College  has  added  two new cases to the Zoological and 
Geological lY!useum,  and has the materials on hand to fill them. 
G.  B.  Sudworth, a  resident graduate of  Ann Arbor, is assist 
ing Dr. Beal to instruct the '' lularious Sophomores" this spring. 
Prof.  Carpenter has moved  over  his  engineering  apparatus 
to his new otllce in the second story of the tower of the Mechan 
ical Hall. 

Eeveryone  r emarks  the  good  arrangement  of  the  books in 
the libra ry,  indicative  of  good  taste  on  the  part  of  our  lady 
librarian. 

And behold it has come to pass that that the junior eateth up 
his  raiment  with  acids,  and  cutteth  up  felines  with  savage 
ferocity . 

PresiClent  Willits  r ead  an  able  paper  on  ' ' Linlitations  of 
Agricultm·e"  before the class  in  Political  Economy  the other 
morning. 

B.  T.  Stmtevant  of  Boston,  Mass.,  recently  presented  the 
Mechanical  Department  with  a  "  Forger's  Power  Blower" 
worth $100. 

Prof. L.  G.  Carpenter  also  spent  a  portion  of  the winter  at 
J ohns Hopkins;  out was  obliged  to  leave  on  account  of  his 
eyes failing. 

Public speeches were delivered  in  the  chapel,  J\!Iarch  24,  by 
Seniors  Clute,  Rummler,  Wrigglesworth,  and  Juniors  Hime 
baugh and 'l'hiers. 

"\Ve  are  under  obligations  to  om·  successful  and  much 
r espected  librarian,  lY!rs.  Merrill,  for  the  "Library  Notes" 
appearing elsewher e. 

Ask Prof.  Cook how loud the senior  statesman talked in dis 
cussing  the labor problem dm·ing President Willits's necessary 
abs~nce on March 25. 

Prof.  Theodore  Nelson,  the  State  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction,  will take charge of_ the Freshmen Rhetoricals from, 
and after,  April 2,  1886. 

Dr.  Kedzie, in his trip to  Washington  last  winter,  took  the 
opportunity to visit the  Physical and Chemical Laboratories at 
J olms Hopkins University. 

One of  our Japanese students,  Mr.  Tamari, is  experimenting 
on  corn  and  variot1s  roots,  with  a  view to prove some of  the 
scientific facts announced by Darwin. 

l\fr.  Macary of  '89 has been very low  with congestion of  the 
bowels.  We understand  that he is now convalescing, and will 
soon  be able to renew his College  work. 

It is  quite probable that Gen.  Francis  A.  Walker,  President 
of  the Massachusetts  .l.nstitute  of  Technology, will  come and 
deliver an address dm·ing the summer  term. 

President  Willits has been invited to addr ess the graduating 
classes  of  the  High  f::lchools  at  Union  City and St.  Clair next 
June,  also the Farmers' Club at Mason April 10. 

Prof.  MacEwan  has  an  office,  Prof.  Carpenter 's  old  office 
fitted over.  Prof. says he will be glad to receive calls from his 
many friends.  Office hom·s nut announced as yet. 

The Equalization Board l1as met,  and divided the students as 
follows:  Club  "A,''  thirty-six  numbers;  "B,"  forty-five; 
"C,''  forty-five;  " D,"  forty,  and  ' ' E"  forty-four. 

The lack of a  suitable drawing room is much felt this spring. 
The class of ninety-five has to be clivided into sections ancl  only 
one-half  the drill as expected given to each student. 

We trust our literary society lecture committee will  procure 
lectm·es  of  some  note.  We  are  getting  tired  of  third  rate 
humorists.  Give  us something that we can appreciate. 

The  newspapers  have  it  that  the  Agricultural  College  was 
favored at the stock sale  March  25,  with  four  live  and  lively 
candidates for Governor.  Can any College beat the record? 

The  seniors  in  Political  Economy  are  very  much  pleased 
with their instruction.  President  Willits  never  fails  to  drive 
h0me his points,  or to make himself  thoroughly understood. 

The mechanical building is now completed aud the tools and 
machinery have  been  put in  place.  Practically  the  course  is 
complete,  and has been found  to  be  well  adapted  to  its  pm· 
poses. 

Prof.  F .  S.  Kedzie and  Miss  Kate  Marvin  of  Lansing,  were 
united in marriage December 30,  at  the  First  Congregational 
church  of  Lansing.  The  contracting parties stand very high 
in society,  and the marriage is spoken of by all as a very happy 
affair. 

~ 

• 

I) 

.. 

14 

't'iIE  CO LLEG E  Sl>ECULUM. 

Our Mechanical Hall equipments are said  by  Prof.  McLouth 
to be very fair  when compared with those  of  Ea  tern  schools, 
considering,  of cour se,  the fact that the  department is only an 
infant. 

Have you heard how the  Freshmen  rushed  over  to  the  Ar 
mory to confer with  Lieutenant  Lockwood  in  regard  to drill 
ing 'I  For further information  see  Serjeant  I.  B.  Bates,  alias 
''Lieut." 

A  freshman  mistaking Senior Whitney  with  facial append 
ages for a  professor is heard to say:  "Professor, I was present 
at  class,  but  I  did  not  get  in  till after roll call.  Won't you 
please excuse me?" 

:tlfrs.  Merrill  was  landlady  at  President  Willits'  house  last 
winter.  Miss  Harrison  and  Mr.  Burns  were  the  regular 
boarders.  Mr.  C.  B.  Collingwood  was  a  welcome  transient 
during the holidays. 

W.  F. Hoyt, '83,  since M.  D.  at Medical College at Columbus, 
Ohio,  attended  stock  sale,  March  25.  He  will  locate  perma 
nently at Grand Rapids.  "  Vv eb. "well  deserves success in his 
chosen profe  s10n. 

The  Freshmen  in  Mechanics  finish  their  book  soon,  when 
they  begin  laboratory  work.  Each  student  will  be  given  a 
separate  table  and  required  to  repeat  the  experiments  men 
tioned in the text book. 

Prof.  ~facEwan spent the  winter at Johns  Hopkins  Univer 
sity.  studying  the  early  Anglo  Saxon  and  other  languages. 
While there he was made  a  Fellow,  which  fact,  so  we are in 
formell,  remove · all fees. 

Mr.  C.  P.  Gillett.  '84,  made the  College  a  flying  call  March 
26.  He  will  shortly  return  to  College  to  resume  his  post 
graduate  course,  and  assist  Prof.  Cook  in  his  department. 
Rumor says,  "  Not alone." 

Prof.  Bailey is intending to cut out the second drive in front 
of  the  Library.  The  drive  in  front  of  the  entrance  will  be 
made  larger,  and  from  that  westwards,  the  ground  will  be 
converted into one unbroken lawn. 

The  Boarding  Clubs  are  running  in fine style.  Good table 
board  ranges  from 
'2  to  $2.50.  The success  of  these  clubs 
demonstrates the ability of  the students to run and completely 
control their own boarding affairs. 

Dr.  Grange received a  "Papi.er Mache"  horse from France, 
March 2il.  This  model  is  composed of  ninety-lfre parts,  and, 
free of duty,  cost  E<Omething  OYer  $800.  There  is  only  one 
firm  making these specimens in the world. 

Dr.  Grange  lately  received  skeletons  of  a  horse,  ox,  sheep 
and  a  hog  from  Ward's  museum  at  Rochester, 
.  Y.  Since 
om·  last  issue  the  Doctor  has  also made a  collection of  bones 
illustrating nearly all the common cliseases of bone. 

Our popular and efficient foreman  of  the  garden,  Mr.  C.  L. 
Crandall,  attended  for  several  weeks  the  Bus ey  Institute, 
which is the agricultural  adjunct  to  fair  Harvard.  He after 
wards visited the Massachusetts Agricultural College. 

The slides of the  College took well  at  the  institutes  at  East 
Saginaw and Grass Lake.  The people were  very  much  inter 
e  ted in them and especially in tho  e  representing  the  boys in 
"calico shirt:; and blue overalls'' ready for manual labor. 

The  Department  of  Agricultm·e  at  ·washington  sent  Dr. 
Beal  about  thirty  kinds  of  wild  grasses for him to determine 
their relative values as farm crops.  These specimens are from 
the vVest and South,  and have never been in the market. 

The  Professors  are  glad  to  notice  the fact that there never 
was  more  earnestness  among  the  students  than  at  present. 
May this spirit of earnestness become more and more 1nanifest, 
for truly, zealousness au cl seriousness are the mottoes of the age. 
What can be the  trouble  with  the  Faculty?  Fttlly five per 
cent.  of  that august  body  attended  chapel  exercises.  Sur  ly 
the members  ought  to  set  a  better  example ;  for,  to a  certain 
extent, that old adage,  " As the teacther is,  so  is  the  school," 
is true. 

A  very  important  change  in the manner of  conducting the 
Farmer In titute.  was introduced last winter.  This was in the 
attendance of  both the President and Secretar y  at  each Insti 
tute.  A full discussion  was  brought out and the College made 
hosts of  friends. 

This is an age of progression,  a  period of mud and bad roads. 
'Tis now that we regret (sad indeed, is it not'!)  that  the  State 
has not fm·nishecl  us with a sidewalk, or a  street car  line to the 
city.  Who  is  the  loser  by  this  state  of  affairs?  Professor, 
student,  or - - ? 

The  mighty  freshie  is  receiving  Theoretical  Drainage ;  ere 
long  he will grapple with  The  Practical  Drainage.  Then hi 
course  in  that  line  will  be  complete,  for  he  will  have  the 
science  and  the  art.  How  soul-inspiring  the  science ;  how 

· mudifying the art ! 

Prof.  McLouth  took a  hurried eastern trip during the winter 
to  see  various  physical  and mechanical laboratories.  In his 
trip he visited  Washington,  the Naval Academy at Annapolis, 
Johns Hopkins.  Yale,  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology, 
Harvard and "Worcester. 

Two P.  M.  Grammar classes in  existence;  one  under  Prof. 
MacEwan.  the other under J.  B.  Cotton.  The first, numbering 
fifty,  is laboring to make up the fall term's work ;  the second, 
numbering twenty-two,  is  being prepared to  pass the entrance 
examination.  These classes meet at 3 o'clock. 

The  ladies  of  "facttlty  row"  have  organized  a  Llterru·y 
Society and Reading Circle.  vVe  are in hopes that your scnbe 
will  r eceive  an  invitation  to  attend  one  of  their  meetings. 
First,  because he is of  a  literru·y tw·n of  mind,  and  second, in 
order  that he may note the proceedings for the press. 

Visitors from  clown  town  to  the  greenhouse  go  away  very 
much  impressed  with the  sights.  Excellent  authorities  state 
that  the  greenhouse  never  was  in  better  condition  than  at 
present.  Call  in  and  admire  the  beautiful.  Our  excellent 
florist,  Mr.  Knapper,  thoroughly understands his work. 

The  seniors  in  Meteorology  most  sincerely  and  solemnly 
promise  that  no  "Bill  Nye  Blizzard  "  shall devastate fair l\I. 
A.  C.  We understand that changes in the weather wiU not be 
made,  except on  majority vote  of  said  seniors.  If you  speak 
to them do so in "accents soft and mild,"  for  feai·  of  rousing 
the angry elements. 

The  senior  orators  chosen  by  the  Faculty  for  commence 
ment ai·e  as  follows:  J.  B.  Cotton,  Albion,  Incl.;  Miss  Carrie 
M.  French.  Lansing;  W.  E.  Gammon,  Richland,  Cal.;  H.  N. 
Jenner,  Allegan ;  A.  L.  Nichols,  Orangeville  Mills;  T.  A . 
Stanley,  New Britain,  Conn.;  Miss  Jennie 1\ .  Towar,  Lansing; 
E.  A.  Whitney, St.  Louis,  Mich. 

It is very gratifyirig to admirers of  the  College to notice the 
many complimentary notices received by the College from the 
press.  The  New  York  Tribime  lately  made  five  brief,  but 
happy notices of the workings  of  om·  will  be  " Alma Mater" 
in  one  week's  issue.  These  facts  indicate that the College is 
fu·mly  establishing  itself  as  a  practical  and industrial school. 

A  new facttlty rule: 
Whereas,  Several  of  the  young  lady  students  have  been 
found guilty of  the unpardonable offense  of  chewing  "Black 
Jack,''  the  scientific  name  of  which  is  gum,  it  is  hereby 
ordained and established that no lady student  will  be  allowed 
to chew  said  "Black  Jack," or  any  other  gum,  except in her 
room  and  then only when the transom of  said room is closed. 
President Willits addressed the Y.  M.  C.  A.  Sunday evening, 
March  21,  on  the  subject  of  "A:ffinnatiYe  Religious  Princi 
ples."  The address  was  very well received,  and it is only fan: 
to state that Prnsident Willit  did the subject justice.  In fact, 
this i ·also true of his every undertaking.  No  one who listened 
to his eloquence could come away without being benefited in a 
more  or less marked degree. 

President Willits has been  invited  to  deliver  an  address  at 
the Legislative reunion at Lansing in  June,  on  the  subject  of 
"Schools  and  Colleges. "  He  deliYered  an  address  in  the 
Lectm·e Com·se at Litchfield March 19,  on  "Mo lems and Mor 
mons;"  he  also  delivered  a  lecture  in  the  Sunday  Evening 
Course in the Episcopal church at  Flint  February  21,  subject, 
'' The Sabbath as Seen by a  Layman." 

The students taking the  Mechanical  course  ar e  divided  into 
two sections, each working every other clay.  This is due to the 
fact that there ai·e not enough tools to give all work every clay. 
The students ai·e mostly  engaged  in  adding to the equipments 
of  the  two  shops ;  the  boys  in  the  iron  shops  finishing  up 
lathes  and  planing  SlU'face  ,  and  the  boys  in  the  wood  shop 
making  cases  for  their  tools,  table 
for  the  Laboratory  and 
racks for holding clra'l\"i.ngs in the department of' drawing. 

Prof. McLouth's well is  a  geological  cw'iosity.  It has  been 
bored  to  the  depth  of  ninety-three  feet,  and  the  striking 
peculiai·ity about it is that every time a heavy rain storm occw·s 
the water is made roily-almost unfit  to  drink.  The contract 
wa  that the well was to  be  put  down  at  $1  a  foot  until  the 
water  was  satisfactory.  However,  the  committee  in  charge 
has rejected the well,  and it will be put clown deeper. 

I 
.\ 

Student in Trig.: 
"I don't know  whether it is 'h' cliYiclecl  by 'b,' or 'b' divided 

by  'h.'" 

Professor,  very  solemnly: 
"  Yes,  the old woman said  she  had  eighteen  chilclrnn in six 
years,  or six children in eighteen years,  she did not  remember 
which.'' 

Tableau-All shed tears. 
vVhile there are a  few cases  of  sickness,  and a  more or  less 
general complaint in regard to colds,  we  are inclined  to  think 
that relatiYely we have been  fayorecl  'vith  good  health.  This 

TRE  OOLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

15 

fact seems more apparent now since  we  are  informed  that 150 
students at Albion College have been obliged to miss classes on 
account of sickness.  Our College  has  long  borne  the reputa 
tion of being a  >ery  healthy place,  and  surely  the  histoq  of 
the past demonstrates the correctness of  our assertion. 

Amherst College is fortunate in  having  many wealthy men 
among her alumui who still hold  their  college  days  in  pleas 
ant remembrance,  and  who  do  not  cease  to  love  their  Alma 
Mater.  This is evidenced in what they  have  done for the col 
lege.  The new $700,000 chapel  is  the  donation  of  one.  The 
library,  aTt gallery,  gymnasium.  and  one  of  the  college  halls 
are all monuments in great part to their gener osity and love of 
the college. 

All students are gently requested to notice the following  pro 
posed amendment to the  constitution  of  the  Students'  Board 
ing Association : 

·whereas,  Our  senior  friend,  commonly  known as" Whit," 
has for some time inflicted his  table-mates  with  his  puns  and 
many punning  attempts, all  punning  is from now and hence 
forward  absolutely  forbidden,  and  any  one  guilty  of  three 
violations  of  this  ordinance  shall  forfeit  from  the  antro 
superior  and  inferior  maxillary,  all  the  stunted  growth  of 
modified cuticle. 

The second annual public sale of Shorthorn; J ersey and Hol 
stein cattle, owned by the  College,  occurred  Thursday,  March 
25.  Many  breeders from all parts of  the  State  were  present. 
Twenty head were sold in the course  of au hour  or  two.  The 
total ainotmt  realized  by  the  sale  was  $2,150.  The  highest 
price paid for any one auimal was $235.  A  Shorthorn calf two 
months and two clays old brot1ght $100.  Considering carefully 
all the circumstances,  the general opinion  was  that  the  stock 
sold  fairly  well.  At  least  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture 
seemed satisfied with the sale. 

A  movement is  now under way  to  have  students  1mcler  the 
instruction of Professors Cook, Beal and Bailey, prepare papers 
on as  igned work,  to  be  read  before  the  State  Horticultural 
Society  which  meets  at  Capital  Grange  in  June.  This  is  a 
move in the proper direction,  and we  are  of  the  opinion  that 
nothing  would do the College any more  good than to have the 
students  take  part  in  the  meetings  of  these  various  State 
societies.  It would disprove to a  certain  extent  the  growing 
opinion that the  Colle~e. instead  of  turning  out  farmers  and 
horticulturists, is sending  out  kid  gloved dudes with mistaken 
ideas of labor and  its  true  dignity.  It would  prove  that  the 
College,  as well as its every feature,  is in sympathy  with  agri 
cultm·al  pursuits,  and  that  we  are  taught  to  rely  on,  and re 
spect,  labor in every sense of the word. 

Hon.  E.  R.  Tillman,  of  South  Carolina,  has  been  making 
things lively over the South Carolina Agricultural College and 
Farmer Schools generally.  He sent for one bun ired  copies of 
President Willits's inaugural adclres -,  and  has asked that fifty 
copies of the Reports of  the Michigan State Board  of  Agricnl 
ture be  ·ent  him.  He  has  a  brother  in  congress  from  that 
State, who served  while  President  Willits  was  a  member  of 
that body ;  and the  latter, while  in  Washington  last  winter, 
hunted  him  up  on  the  floor  of  the  House.  After  shaking 
the  former  exclaimed,  "Great  God !  are  you  the 
hands 
Willits my brother has been quoting all over the State of South 
Carolina ?  I  did not  imagine  that  you  had  been  promoted." 
He said he  had  a  son  he  shonld  send  here  next  year.  We 
trust he will do so,  and  thus  show  that  his  words  were  well 
said. 

At the students' meeting the  other  evening  llfr.  E.  A  Whit 
ney  of  '86  was  elected  manager  of  the  base-ball  nine ;  each 
member of the students' association was assessed fifty cents for 
field  clay  and  base-ball  purposes ;  a  committee  of  three  was 
appointed to make  arrangements  for  having a  field  day ;  and 
the following  changes  were made  to  the  Stut.l.ent  '  Boarding 
As  ociation :  1.  A  boarding club certificate shall not be trans 
ferable  from  one  person  to  another.  or  from  one  club  to 
another except on the payment of one dollar. Lmless  a  person is 
ordered to change from club to club by the Board of Equaliza 
tion.  2.  All certificates shall  be  made  out  by  Sec.  Reynolds, 
and the moneys received, di \7 ided equally among the five  clubs. 
3.  The range between the highest and  lowest  club in member 
ship shall be but ten.  4.  The cooks shall be allowed  board for 
three whenever the se1·vices of  the  third person are necessary. 
5.  No per on unless a regular student for at least one year shall 
be eligible to the office of  steward. 

The list of fruits O\vned by the HoTticultural department has 
been wonderfully improved.  Wild species of  plums, peaches, 
apricots and apples from China and Japan have  been recei>ed. 
The growing of the native wild plum will be the special feature 
of  the  Horticultural  department  this  season .  Some  forty 
varieties  h ave  been  obtained.  Prof.  Bailey  and  his  efficient 
foreman,  !\>Ir.  C.  S.  Crandall,  are  canying  on  some  fifty gen 
real  lines  of  experiments.  Among  which  are  the  testing  of 

eighty  varieties  of  tomatoes  for the purpose of  determining 
what are duplicates; the  testing  of  one  variety  secured  from 
all the seedsmen of the country in order to see if they send out 
the same thing under the same name; cross-fertilization in the 
apple orchard and vegetable garden ;  the propagation of native 
orn:;i,mental  trees,  and  the  keeping  of  records  of  every day's 
growth of  various vegetables and fruits;  best time  of  growth, 
difference  of  growth  of  different  varieties,  and  influence  on 
growth of the nature of  the soil. 

Dr.  Beal's  book  on  "Grasses  of  North  America,"  with  an 
appendix  on  "  Clover,"  is  now  in  press.  The  object  of  the 
book is to reach the farmer and the student.  It  will  be  fully 
illustrated,  and the  illustrations  are  all  recent.  Dr.  Beal has 
secured the assistance of  scores  of  the ablest speciali  ts in this 
country.  Among  whom  we  might  mention,  Dr.  Trelease  of 
the  Sha'v  School  of  Botany  at  St.  Louis,  who  contributes  a 
chapter  on  "Fungi  lnjlll·ious  to  Grasses  and  Clover ; "  Prof. 
Cook,  who  has  written  a  chapter,  profusely  illustrated,  on 
"Insects  Injurious  to  Grasses  and  Clover ; "  Dr.  Armsby  of 
the Experimental Station of  Wisconsin,  who  is  the  author of 
a  chapter  on  the  "Chemistry  of  the  Grasses  and  Clover." 
Some  ten  other  able  scientists  are  contributors  to  the  book, 
which  is  designed  to  be  something  like  a  cyclopedia.  As 
explanatory, we will say that this brief  notice is but  a  prelude 
to our coming review of  the work. 

Have you heard of Prof.  F.  S.  Kedzie's carbonic acid gas ex 
plosion 1  It  seems  that  when  a  young  down-town  lawyer 
named J effries  was  riding past  the  chemical  laboratory  one 
clay last winter,  Prof. hailed him and asked him in to do a  little 
sight  seeing.  Not  su pecting  any  danger,  the  young  lawyer 
was happy of course to accept the  kind  invitation,  and arm in 
arm 
the  young  professor  aud  his  yotrng  lawyer  friend, 
sauntered up and  down  the  laboratory, from  one  end  to  the 
other, up  tairs and down stair s.  Finally Prof. took his visitor 
into Dr.  Kedzie's office, and among  other  things,  showed  him 
a  Natterer's tube.  To show  the nature  of  the  experiment,  it 
was necessary to  warm the tube slightly,  and so  the  Professor 
stepped  to  the  radiator  for  that  purpose.  To  make  a  long 
story short, the tube exploded,  cutting  the faces and  hands  of 
the  visitor and the visited and shattering the  glass of  the win 
dow adjacent.  Pieces of the glass tube went through the win 
dow pane like so many small shot.  A piece of  the tube struck 
the lid of  one  of  Mr.  Jeffries's  eyes,  and  this  with his  other 
ct1ts,  scratches and bruises,  had the effect to  confine  that gen 
tleman to  his r oom for about three weeks.  Since that time the 
young men of  Lansing  have  shunned  Prof.  Keclzie  ;  and  for 
some unknown reason, seem to be very reluctant about accept 
ing invitations to visit the chemical laboratory. 

A  Mechanical  Club  ha  been  formed.  Two  preliminary 
meetings have been held,  and  the first regular  meeting will be 
held Friday evening,  April 2.  The  purpose  of  the  club  is  to 
study objects pertaining to the department, and thereby  cr eate 
a  greater  interest  in  all  subjects  relative  to  mechanics  and 
mechanic  arts.  All  students  taking  the  Mechanical  Course 
can become members by signing the constitution .  Others  not 
in the Mechanical Course can· be elected, providing three nega 
tive  votes  ru:e  not  ca:st  against  them.  The  society at present 
numbers  about  forty  members.  The  officers  for  the  present 
term are Prof.  McLouth,  President;  Mr.  Wiseman. Vice-Presi 
dent and  Mr.  L.  C.  Bartmess  Secretary  and  '.l.'reas1uer.  The 
programme  for  April  2  is  as  follows : 
Pro'f.  McLouth-Inaugural address. 
Mr.  Bartmess-Essentials of  Steam Engine. 
i\fr. Groesbeck-Denis Papin. 
Mr.  Hemphill-Early History of  the Lathe. 
Mr.  Pagelson-'Ihe drawing  for the evening. 
Mr.  Hinkson-Literary Critic. 
The society meet  in the  LecttU"e  Room  of  the  Mechanical 
Hall  on  the  first  and  t  ird  Fridays  of  each month.  All a.re 
cordially  invited to be present. 

Mr.  Crandall,  who  visited  the  Massachusetts  Agricultlll·al 
College and Amherst College cllll·ing olll· winter vacation, thus 
briefly  presents  some  interesting items concerning these insti 
tutions :  The students of  the Massachusetts Agricultm·al Col 
lege will soon occupy their new chapel and library.  The build 
ing  stands  in  a  prominent  p  sition,  is  constructed  of  rough 
dressed  granite  in  gothic  style  and  is exteriorly a  handsome 
structure.  The low·er floor  will  be occupied by the library, the 
upper used as a  chapel  room.  The appearance of  the latter is 
rather  peculiar ;  one would almost imagine himself in a  finely 
finished garret.  The  effect  is  clue  to  the  fact  that to  fit the 
money  appropriated,  seven  feet  of  the  height  of  wall  as 
planned by the  architect  was  cut  off,  thus  bringing the roof 
nearly to the chapel  floor.  It  is,  howe~er, a  grand  improve 
ment  over  thei r  old  quarters, ant.l.  the students will especially 
appreciate  the  improved  library  facilities  the new room will 
afford  them.  The  building  cost the State  '41,000 exclusive of 
cases and furnishing.  At the Massachusetts  Agricnltural  Col-

( 

(1 

16 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

lege  the  Military  Department  takes a  prominent  place.  One 
of  its  features  is  the  room  inspection.  At  8: 30  o'clock on 
Saturday mornings each student must appear at his room door 
in uniform to salute the colnIDanding officer and his staff,  and 
submit  himself  and  room  for  inspection.  Shoes  must  be 
nicely  blackened,  rooms  swept  and  dusted,  beds  made,  and 
everything in good order.  The  inspectors  are  critical and the 
system  is  a  wholesome  spm·  to  students  with  lazy or untidy 
tendencies. 

The following letter explains itself : 

J.  B.  COTTON, 

PORTLAND,  lVIIcH.,  March  27,  1886. 

Agricultural  College.  Michigan : 

DEAR  FRIE:-ID,-Kno,v:ing  you  to  be  one  of  the  editors  of 
THE  SPECULUM,  I  send  you  the  inclosed  invitation  which  I 
received a  few days  ·ince,  and  which  may  be  of  interest  as a 
personal item.  Suffice it to say,  I  expect  to  be  present at  the 
wedding. 

Very respectfully, 

,. ___________ ---------------------------- --·---------~ 

C.  P.  GILLETTE. 

INVITATION. 
Dn.  AND  :lfns.  Ce:ESTER  SMITH 
invite you to be r,resent 
at the marriage of  their  daughter 
CLARA, 
-TO-
O LARENCE  PRESTON  G1r,LETTE, 
TVednell<la11.  March  SI,  Io86, 
at 3 o'clock P. M . 

PORTLAND,  . .   111ICAIGAN. 

THE  SPECULUM  sends  congratulations ;  and  fondly  trusts 
that life's pathway may be strewn with flowers,  and illumined 
with the light of true happiness. 

Read Our Poem ! 

Bill Nye drew nye, 
The boys did cry 
"Oh my, Oh my!" 
To heru· him try 
With jokes so  dry 
To  tell a lie 
Of  times gone by 
When in the rye 
He hid the pie 
And 'neath the sky 
Prepared to die 
With long drawn sigh, 
Then  aid,  "  Shall I 
Close uR  my eye 
vVhene er a  'fly' 
Ficks up too  high?" 
Last,  his ally 
A  "  Hoosier " spry 
With huge necktie 
And face awry 
Could not deny 
A  strict reply 
Lest he belie 
His senior guy. 
So  we espy 
That each  did vie 
With words tlll'ee-ply 
And mockery, 
And vain "  0  fie" 
To nnderly 
With senseless pry 
Hmnor's descry. 
J.  Whitcomb Ri- 
He's gone for aye ; 
Bill Nye,  good bye. 

So  ends our poem. 

Dr.  Beal  remained  at  the  College  during  the  winter.  He 
busied himself completing his book on  "Grasse  ,"and keeping 
a  diary from  which we clip the following : 

"Nov.  23.-Barney and the cart ran away from  young Mar 
quat ;  damages.  a  barked  horse  leg,  a  broken  thill.  and  a 
barked oak. 

"Nov. 24.-Pi·of.  Grange can't leave  State to  visit  Philadel 

phia ;  was detained to inspect cattle thl'Oughout State. 

"Nov. 25.-PresidentWillitshunting around to see if he can 

find  more rooms for new students in the spring. 

"Nov. 26.-College boys and  girls trying to get the  Armory 

Hall for a  skating rink. 

"Nov. 27.-Dr. Beal takes Tamru'i  into  his  office  and  shuts 

otf the heat from his class-room. 

"Nov. 2  .-Tamari begins  German  and  move  into town. 
"Nov. 30.-Presid  nt  Willits and Dr.  McLouth  devise  how 
to seat Armory for commencements, and find  a  xoom  for  the 
College band. 

"Dec. 1.-State Board meets at Lansing. 
''Dec. 2.-Board go through College from Botanical Labora 
tory to the new Horticultm·al hot bed : seem  very  much  grat 
ified at the general boom of the College.  All members  of  the 
Boru·d  were present except the Governor. 

"Dec.  3.-Small  boys  at  College  put  on  yellow  and  red 
stripes, paints and feathers, armed with  wooden swords, whoop 
and  scream  and  run  like  Indians.  No  scalping  done,  how 
ever. 

"Dec. 4.-Yonng folks  form  a  society  for  ocial  purposes, 
meeting weekly from house to house ;  snows all night ;  sleigh 
ing on December 5. 

"Dec. 8.-Prof.  Cook  attends  National  Bee  convention  at 
Detroit.  Pi·esident Willits attends  same,  and  makes  the  wel 
coming address.  Dr.  McLouth attend  opening exercises  of  a 
large mechanical department of the high school  in  Toledo,  0. 
Dr.  Kedzie went to Washington,  D. C.  Dr.  Beal attends State 
Grange at Grand  Rapids. 

"Dec.  12.-Sec.  Reynolds  and  Prof.  F.  S.  Kedzie  show 

slides of Egypt at Capital Grange to a  delighted audience. 

"  Dec.  26.- A  bee of young folks work to  get  sand off  so as 
to skate in Armory.  Prof. McLouth  gets  a  load  off  at  State 
Teachers' meeting a  pre  ident. 

"Dec.  30.-F. S.  Kedzie marries in  good  style.  C.  B.  Col 
lingwood,  '85,  visits  Mr.  Burns (?)  and  Bmns  goes  to  see  his 
mother(?) 

"Jan. 1.- Masquerade at  Armory;  splendid  time;  Dr.  Mc 
Louth runs  foot-race  on  skates with his son, Fru·ley,  and wins 
the grand prize.  Pi·of.  Carpenter  cuts  some  queer  antics  on 
skates as a  pile drfrer ;  he could  not  tlll'n  corners  and  make 
cm·ves- equence,  Carpenter lame several days. 

·' Jan.  8. - Young folks get so they must go to their meetings 
disguised.  Prof.  Johnson  helps  along  several  farmers' insti 
tutes before those of the College begin. 

"Jan. 21.-Prof. Grange lectures at Capital Grange on  'Dis 

eases of lower animals.' 

"Feb. 2.-Begin  holding  institutes,  two  a  week  for  three 

weeks.  Full  houses.  Enthusiasm rnns high. 

"Feb. 20.-All  professors  at  College,  except  Bailey,  who 

visits  parents. 

the mill  begins to grind." 

"Feb. 24.-So passed the  winter.  Spring  terms  opens,  and 

Library  Notes.· 
A  beautiful portrait of Bmns is  being framed  for  our  walls. 
Rolfe's and Knight's  Shakspeare,  illustrated,  are  among the 

latest Shaksperiana pUl'cha  ed. 

A  few "winter books" are wanted.  Look over  your shelves 

and see if  any librru·y labels are to be found housed. 

Prof.  Bailey,  while in Boston last  winter, found  for  his  de 
partment a  number of rare old books at  a  mere  trifle  of  their 
value. 

The home reading  of  the  students  during  the  pa  t  year  is 
shown  by  the following  record of  books  drawn  to  be  read  in 
the rooms :  ovels 500,poetry,essay  ,criticisms.etc .. 390,orations 
195, miscellaneous, including travels, description, etc., 180,scien 
tific  165,  history  165,  biography  95,  agriculLure  60,  making 
1,750 books in all.  Of  books consulted in the library no record 
is  kept  but  the number must  pass some  way  into  the  thou 
sands. 

The  Editor of  this  Department desires  the  earnest  co-operation  of 
the  alumni  in  aiding  hint  to  fill  these  columns  with  interesting  items. 
Give  occupation  since gr{l,duation,  what  offices  held,  whether  married 
or  not,  etc.  Let  this  receive  prompt attention  from  1·ery  alumnu  . 

M.  W.  Gray,  '77,  is mayor of  Pontiac. 
W.  A.  Rowe,  '73,  has lately bm·ied hi  wife. 
Dr.  H .  L. Ro  enbmg, '81,  reports a fine boy. 
C.  A.  Dockstader, '81,  has joined the Benedicts. 
Ruckman, with '85,  is a  junior "lit."  at Ann  Arbor. 
James J.  Jakway,  '86,  will start for California soon. 
Hal Sessions,  with '70 in 1868,  is ban king in Dakota. 
G.  L.  Spangler,  '86,  spent the winter in reading law. 
A.  A.  Crozier,  '79.  is on a fruit fann near Grand  Rapids. 
A. J.  Chappell,  '82. is married and  teaching at McBricles. 
T.  H .  Rees,  with '85,  graduates from vVest  Point in June. 
Fred Schneider,  '85,  is at Fort Myers in  the  signal service. 
F.  E.  Skeels,  '78,  ha  added  agriculture  to  his  horticultural 

work. 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM, 

17 

Daniel Strange, '70,  is  the possessor of  a  fine herd of  short 

horns. 

R.  M.  Bates of  '85 is a  member of  the  junior law class,  Ann 

Arbor. 

"Kid"  Walton,  with  '86,  is  married,  and  linng  at  Three 

Rivers. 

Chas.  H umphrey,with '86,  will get an LL.  B.  at the U.  of M. 

this year. 

John Breck, '84,  graduates  from  the  law  department,  Ann 

Arbor, this year. 

F.  E.  Robson,  '78,  is  married.  Miss  Chaflin,  of  Toledo,  is 

the happy bride. 

D.  F .  Griswold,  '75,  was  secretary  of  the  recent  Wayne 

County  Institute. 

J.  M.  Smith,  '82,  was  manied last  November to  Miss  J ennie 

Hall, of Watertown, N.  Y. 

Corbin,  who was with '85  for a time, is now  a member of the 

junior law class,  Aim Arbor. 

Charlie Williams,  '70,  is  in  the  agricultural  implement and 

carriage business in Owosso. 

W.  K .  Prudden,  '78,  has  returned  to  Lansing, where  he in 

tends permanently to abide. 

J.  H.  Smith,  '83,  was married November 17.  He is principa1 

of  schools at Rock  Rapids,  Iowa. 

H.  E.  Emmons's,  '78,  certificate  as  member  of  the  Detroit 

Board of  Trade is marked No.  50. 

J.  R.  Newton,  '85,  has returned to his old home at Pendleton, 

S.  C.,  to help his father on the farm. 

S.  P.  Tracy,  '76,  has  graduated from a  Chicago  medical col 

lege,  and begun to deal out little pills. 

Albert Dodge,  '77,  of  Fowlerville,  is presiding officer  of  the 

State Grand Lodge  of  Good Templars. 

Clarence M.  Weed,  '83,  is  now  assistant  to Prof.  Forbes,  the 

Entomologist of the Illinois University. 

H. W.  Collingwood,  '83,  is  giving  most  perfect satisfaction 

in his position on The Rural New  Yo1·ker . 

R.  M.  Bates, '85,  says J. W.  Matthews,  '85,  and  his  girl have 

called time-ten years,  and quit courtship. 

A.  H.  Finney, '70,  is doing a large fanning and lumber busi 

ness at the new town of  Ashley,  Gratiot Co. 

J oseph  E.  Coulter,  '82,  of  Grand Rapids,  avails  himself  of 

Lansing hospitality of an occasional Simday. 

C.  D.  Phelps,  '81,  has completed his second term of school at 

Archie and returned to his home  at  Manton. 

W.  E.  Hale, '82,  purchased two  of  the  best  animals  sold  at 

the recent shorthorn cattle sale at the College. 

J .  M. Hollingsworth, '82, has returned to his  old home in Illi 

nois.  He has a  bright boy a  few months'  old. 

M.  W.  Clark,  of  Williston,  Vt., nearly  two  years  with '86, 

will graduate at Vermont University this year. 

D.  W.  Andr ews,  with '79, is in the insw:ance business at Mus 

kegon.  He is doing a large and paying business. 

R.  B.  Norton,  '79,  of  Arkansas  City,  Kansas,  married  Miss 

Mary Beal,  of  Northville, last Thankse-iving day. 

Fl:ed  Hodges,  '84, is studying in the Chicago Medical College 

instead of  the Electic  Medic~l, as given in our la  t. 

Lyman A.  Lilly,  '77,  has quit dairy farming at  New Sharon, 

Iowa,  and is now on his Michigan farm,  near Alleg-an. 

Richard Haigh, Jr., of  '69,  is acting as  general agent for his 

brother,  Henry A.  Haigh's Manual of Law and Forms. 

Willis  Leisenring,  '84,  is  a  junior  pharmic. at Ann  Arbor. 

He will spend the snmmer on the farm at  South Haven. 

E .  C.  McKee,  '81,  of  Laingsburg, has a  taste for fine  stock, 

and at the College sale purchased College Belle for $155. 

C.  J.  Strang,  '78,  clergyman  in  the  Congregational  church, 

has been located at Charlevoix,  l\fich., since  January 1st. 

M.  A.  Porter, one  year  with  '79,  is married and engaged in 

the furnitu re business with his father-in-law at  orthville. 

R.  W.  Hemphill, Jr.,  '85,  i  still in the ban.k  in  Detroit.  He 

seems to enjoy his position and expects to  be promoted soon. 

W.  0. Fritz,  77,  was present at  the  farmers'  institute,  held 

at St.  Louis,  Gratiot county, and took part in the discussions. 

W . S.  Baird, '85,  acted ·upon Greeley's suggestion.  He spent 
the past winter in the west,  but has now  returned  to  Lansing. 
Alva  Sherwood,  '81,  is  discharging  for  the  second  year the 
duties of principal of the Three  Oaks school.  Last fall  he was 
out in  Nebraska,  and  entered  a  claim  for  160  acres of  land. 
His father and sister each have a  claim adjoining his.  He will 
go out there to live on his claim as soon as Iris school closes . 

Byron D.  Halstead, '71,  Professor of  Botany  in  Agricultural 
College,  Iowa,  spent  the  winter  in  advanced  study  at  Har 
vard. 

Frank  Benton,  '79,  now  owns  an  apiairy  at  Munich,  Ger 
many, one at Algiers,  Africa,  and at Cyprus and Mt.  Lebanon, 
Asia. 

The patrons of  the  Elsie  school.  Clinton  county, are  unani 
mous in their unqualified praise of  their principal,  T.  L.  Park 
er,  '85. 

M:ichitaro  Tsuda,  '84,  of  Tokio,  Japan, has  lately  ordered  a 
large number  of  books  from  this  country  for  his  private  li 
brary. 

R.  H.  McDowell,  '74,  superintendent of  the farm at  the  Re 
form School,  Michigan,  has  been  very ill,  but  is  now  conva 
elscing. 

Milton l\I.  Marble, with '84, is highly commended by the Lan 
sing press  for  skillful  and  efficient  work  done  in  the  High 
School. 

E .  S.  Antisdale,  '85,  is  enjoying  his  farm  life.very much. 
He was present and took  part  in the  discussion at the Quincy 
Institute. 

J.  S.  DLxon,  with '85,  is six miles from Ludington teaching a 
six-months  school.  He  expects  to  return to M.  A. C.  in July 
for his B.  S. 

Iiev.  0. Clute,  '62,  recently preached one  of  the  Sunday ser 
mons  by  distinguished  ministers  at  the  Illinois  University, 
Champaigne. 

W.  L.  Carpenter, '75,  was  married  to  Miss  Lizzie  Ferguson 
of  Detroit  in  October  last.  His  home  address is now 23  Mc 
Lean street. 

Charles Lawson,  '86,  spent the winter at Ann Arbor in study 
ing Pharmacy.  He will go back to  complete  the  course after 
finishing here. 

H.  P.  Gladden,  '85,  made  the  College  a  visit  a  short  time 
since.  He  had  just  closed  his  winter's  term  of  school  near 
Din1ondale,  Eaton Co. 

Chas.  l\foKenny,  '81,  is chairman of  the Eaton county board 
of  school  examiners.  He  is  principal  of  the  Vermontville 
school,  Eaton county. 

H . A.  Haigh, '74,  is Secretary of the Michigan  Club,  and W. 
L. Carpenter, '75,  is  one  of  the directors.  Their club house is 
located on Fort street. 

H. J.  DeGarmo,  '88,  comes  back  to  join  '89.  His face is so 
dis~uised by a full beard that not a  few of  the old boys had to 
wait for an introduction. 

J. A. Dart,  '85,  taught during  the  winter  iu  a  school  about 
tlU"ee  miles  from  Harbor  Springs.  He  is  now  back  in  his 
father's law office at Petoskey. 

Eugene  l\foClear,  with  '86  one  year, is  teaching  near  Lake 
ity,  Missaukee county.  His  brother, James  L.  J\foClear,  '82, 

is practicing law at Lake City. 

W.  C.  Stryker,  '84,  writes from Iris home,  Dayton,  Mich.,  to 
the "  club "  stewards that he is now preparing to fill orders for 
maple syrup in any quantities. 

Archie T.  Miller,  with  'K5,  has  sold  his interest in the drug 
firm of  A.  T.  Miller &  Co. of  Chippewa  Lake, and may reti.ll'n 
to College to finish  the course. 

"Oat"  Merell,  with  '71  in  1869,  is  keeping  a  fine  hotel  in 
Owosso  in  partnership  with  his  father.  He  has  t\vo  black 
eyed daughters,  aged 9 and 11. 

L.  G.  Palmer, '85, 

till  retains his position as assistant in the 
school at Napoleon.  He  teaches  rhetoric,  algebra, geometry, 
general history and physiology. 

Prof. Will W.  Ti·acy,  '67,  has so far recovered from the frac 
tme of Iris leg,  ustained last fall,  as  to  be  able  to  walk  with 
but occasional help from a  crutch. 

Donald H.  Kedzie,  '76,  has sold  out  the  Grand  Haven  Her 
ald and left the State  on account  of  poor  health.  He  is  now 
in Texas, and his health is improving. 

H.  M.  Wells,  '85, 

taught  a  small  school  this  winter  in 
Cohoctah,  Livingston Co.  He intends to work in D.  M.  Ferry's 
seed establishment the coming season. 

F.  L.  Chappel,  '85,  was  obliged  to  give  up  his  school  on 
account  of  ill  health.  He  has  " hopes  of  becoming  an  able 
LL.  D. or perhaps mayor of Coopertown." 

Secretary Garfield  visited  Jay  D.  Stannard,  '76,  at  White 
water,  \Vis.,  this winter,  and found him one of  the  most'  suc 
cessful and substantial farmers of that region. 

Charles  S.  Crandall,  '73,  now  foreman  of  the  College  gar 
dens,  spent the winter  iu  the  East,  a  portion  of  the  time  at 
Amherst  College, engaged  in  microscopic  study  with  Pl:of. 
Mil  s of that place;  and a  portion at Bussey Institute. 

. · 

18 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

Prof. L. H. Bailey,  '82,  has  been  elected  a  m ember  of  the 
Executive Board of the State Ho1•ticultural Society.  He is also 
President of  the Ingham County Horticultural Society. 

Fred C.  l\:Iiller,  with '71  in 1869  and 1870,  and the  builder  of 
Wells's hall, is still engaged in  his  business  in  Grand  Rapids. 
He was married to a  Kalamazoo lady about a  year ago. 

C.  B. Fisk Bangs, '76,  after  having  completed  all  his  plans 
for going to Washington  Territory,  bas  been obliged to indefi 
nitely postpone matters owing to the sickness of his wife. 

E.  A. Bartmess,  '85,  is teaching a  seven-months  school  near 
Lafayette,  Ind .  He  says  he  has  an  opportunity  of  baking 
hands with Profs. Latta,  '77,  and Troop,  '78,  occasionally. 

C.  L. Grimes, '84,  is married  to  Miss Nettie  Rogers,  of  Lan 
sing.  He has been  engaged  in  teaching  during  the  winter, 
but will soon enter the Univer  ity for a  cour  e in  pharmacy. 

A.G.  Gulley,  '68,  has been  made a  member of  the  Board  of 
the State  Horticultural  Society.  A  very fitting appointment, 
as no man in the State is better versed in general fruit matters. 
Card received reads as follows:  Mr. and  Mrs.  JohnH.  Nixon 
request the pleasure of  your  company at the marriage of their 
son,  Harry C.  Nixon,  to  Naomi  Bw·ke,  at  Bridgman,  Mich .. 
March 25. 

Lieutenant J. P . Finley,  '73,  has  completed  another  treatise 
on tornadoes which has been  published by  the  Signal  Service 
Bureau.  It has  been  highly commended by the foreign pr ess 
as well as our own. 

E.  G.  Eldridge,  '86,  principal of  the  Mackinac  school, in 
tends  to  return  to  college  about  the  last . of  April.  He  is 
already spoken for  as principal of the school for another  year 
at an increased salary. 

H. V. Clark,  '78,  is  preaching  at Comstock,  Kalamazoo Co. 
He  reports  a  pleasant  field  of  labor,  and is much encouraged 
by  successes  during  the  winter.  He  may return  to  College 
soon to study for an M.  S. 

W.  C.  Latta,  '77, Professor of Agriculture at Purdue Univer 
sity,  i  the right man in the right place if  we may  judge from 
the  number  takin~ agriculture  there, which  greatly  exceeds 
that of any preceding class. 

Charles  Prichard,  who  entered  the  M.  A.  C.  ·with  Harry 
Thiers,  '87,  and slept under  the  bed  and  in  the  hay  mow  for 
fear of being hazed during his  first and only term here, is now 
a  freshman Lit  at  the  University. 

C.  H.  Hoyt,  '85,  -..vill  work his father's farm this season.  He 
has resigned his position as principal of the Climax schools and 
is  succeeded  by  his  "pard, "  E . R  Lake,  '85.  Lake spent the 
winter teaching near Dayton,  Mich. 

F. S.  Kedzie, '77,  exhibited  magic  lantern views of  the col 
lege at several of  the  institutes  dw-ing the  winter.  It was  a 
sort of  a revelation to a  good many,  who  had altogether a  dif 
ferent notion of " The State Farm." 

Prof.  Cook  recently  visited  Eugene  Davenport,  '78,  at  his 
farm in  Woodland, Eaton  county; and reports  him  as  in  su c 
ce  sful circumstances,  due no doubt to the efficient instructions 
received at the Agricultural  College. 

C.  E.  Miller,  '72,  is kept busy 'vith  a  large  medical  practice 
at  Cadillac.  He  contemplates  taking  in  the  near  future  a 
po 't graduate course in the  East, with  the  view  of  perfecting 
himself in some specialty of his profession. 

C.  W.  Gar.field,  '70,  the  Secretary  of  the  American  Pomo 
logical  As ociation,  has  recently  issued  the  proceedings  of 
their last meeting held in Grand Rapids, and the last Secretary 
says it is  the best  ever issued by the Society. 

The Ouray 7'imes,  Colorado, is edited and published by C. A. 
Ward  who  spent  two  years  in 
tudy  here.  The last number 
contains  an  advertis~ent of  George  E.  Kedzie,  '73,  who  is 
doing a large business there in mining engineering. 

F.  S.  Kedzie,  '77,  was married  on the  evening  of  December 
26th, in  the  Congregational  church,  to  Miss  Kate  Marvin,  of 
Lansing.  He has rooms in Lansing and drives out  to  the Col 
lege each day to attend to his duties as assistant  in  chemistry. 
Lynn  Bonham  of  '84,  as  packer  of  Glenellen  hams,  Cin 
cinnati,  Ohio,  is  meeting  with  deserved  succe  s.  His  goods, 
though unknown to the market a  year ago, now command the 
highest  price of  any  on  the  market and  are  in  constant  de 
mand. 

Wm.  Dothany and  Charles  Baker, of  '84,  and  M.  E.  Jones, 
two yeru.·s 'vi th '84, comprise tlU"ee m embers of a  quru.·tet which 
furnishes fine music for various  literary  societies  at  the  Uni 
versity,  Ann Arbor.  They are working up  a  great  r eputation 
in that line and their services are in  great  demand.  They are 
all members of  the  junior  class,  pharmacy  cow·se.  Dothany 
and Baker  expect to make  M.  A.  C.  a  visit during their spring 
vacation. 

W.  A.  Bahlke  and  John  T.  Mathews,  both of  '  3,  were  ad-
1nitted to  the  bar last  February.  Ba.hike  is  practicing  with 
A.  A.  Ellis, of Iouia,  the prosecuting attorney for Ionia county. 
Mathews is practicing  with  his  brother-in-law, Clru.·ence. Cole, 
of  Portland. 

G. C.  Lawren ce,  '85,  now at the State Normal, is  r eported  as 
enthusia  tic and earnest in the service of Cupid.  He is  room 
tudy  at  the 
ing with C.  E . Smith, '84,  who is also engaged in 
Normal.  W e  r ead  with  interest  an ru.·ticle  by him in the last 
Normal News. 

Alumni visitors at Michigan  Agricultural  College  since  our 
last:  A.  F.  Kinnan of '83,  C.  L.  Grimes of '84,  W. F.  Hoyt of 
'83,  H. E.  Thomas of '85,  H.  lVI.  Wells of '85,  Chru.·les E.  Hollis 
ter of '61 ,  Richard Haigh,  Jr.,  of  '69,  J.  W.  Matthew·  of  '85 
and T.  L.  Pru.·ker  of '85. 

George  Morri  ,  '85,  spent  the  winter teaching in a  German 
settlement  n ear  his  home.  Lived  on  saur  kraut  and apple 
butter.  Took  one  lesson each  week of  a  German teacher. 
Is 
busy settling up his father'  estate and will r emain on the farm 
during the summer. 

J.  N.  Estabrook,  '87,  who  sailed  for  Germany  a  few  days 
after College closed last fall,  has  not  yet  r eturn  d.  H e spent 
the winter at Leipsic  in  the  study  of  German.  He  contem 
plates  spending  most  of  the  smnmer  in  Italy,  provided  h e 
does not sooner r eturn to America and  M.  A. C. 

Prof.  C. C. Georgeson,  '78,  was  r  cently appointed Professor 
of Horticulture and Agriculture  in the  Imperial College at To 
kio,  Japan.  Hi  second daughter was  born in the morning  of 
the day on which  h e left home for  Japan , Januru.·y  25. 
llfrs. 
Georgeson is now at  home,  Denison  Texas, but  will j oin  him 
soon. 

"Doc" ~tryk er ,_'85, ,~·ites from Kirkvi_lle,  ~o~a, as follows : 
'' I  am  still  labonng  -..vith  the  young Kirkvillists and if  they 
deviate  from the straight path it is due to other influence than 
mine."  H e read a  paper on  "Elementary Science in our Pub 
lic  Schools"  before  the  Teach ers'  Association  at  Eddyville, 
January 2. 

H. E. Thomas, '85,  began the study of law soon  after  leaving 
College,  in the office of  the Hon.  H.  F.  Pennington, of  Char 
lotte.  H e  studied  with  him 
till  Dec  mber  15,  when  he 
r emoved  to  the  office  of  John  l\I.  Corbin,  of  Eaton  Rapids, 
where he is now  employed  a  a  stenographer,  and  continues 
his law studies. 

T.  D. Hinebauch , '85,  stopped a  few  day·  at  College  on  hi 
way home for vacation.  H e is studying at the Toronto Veter 
inary College instead of Guelph,  as given  in our  last.  He will 
spend the summer  at  home, Vicksburg, h elping  his  fa.th  r  on 
the farm and practicing  veterinru.-y.  Ne::1..1;  'vinter  he  will  go 
back to Toronto for his V.  S. 

E.  J.  Rauchfuss,  '79,  has  r e  igned  his  position  in  Wm. 
Springer &  Son's  c:ubonated  water  house  in  Louisville,  Ky., 
in  order  to  take  chru.·ge  of  his  father's fru.·m  at Golconda,  ill. 
His father being in poor h ealth,  occasioned  partly  by  the loss 
of  his  youngest child,  a  girl, who was drowned this winter  by 
breaking through the ice on the Ohio river. 

A.  W.  Page,  Jr.,  '84,  after  being  con.fined  to  Iris  bed  for 
nearly  three  months  with  malru.·ial  fever,  died  at Flat Rock , 
Mich.,  on  the  morning  of  December  24.  The  deceased  was 
malTied June 17  to Elizabeth C. Merell of Flat Rock, and would 
have been twenty-four years of  age  December  27.  His genial 
manner  and even temperament won  him  many  friends  while 
in College. 

Charles D.  Wiley, who was a  special here last  year,  is  presi 
dent of the junior  pharmics,  Ann  Arbor.  When through col 
lege he  expects  to  set  up  in  busine ·s  for  himself,  and  sell 
strychnine to  suici<lers  at  r educed  rates,  strictly  cash .  The 
privates of Company" B,'  Cadet  Corps  of  111.  A. C.,  not  only 
wish him the success they would  any  of  their  captains,  but a 
great deal more. 

C.  P.  Gillet,  '84,  was manied  ·wednesday, March 31,  to  Miss 
Smith of  Portland,  a  sister to Dale Smith, now a  student h  re 
in the class of '88.  Gillet spent  the winter  at the  Champaign 
University, ill. ,  engaged in study under  Prof.  Forbes,  but will 
be  her e  this  summer  as  a  student  and  an  a  sistant  in  the 
Entomological depru.·tment. 

James Troop,  '7  , instructor  in  horticultw·e ru.1d  entomology 
at Purdue University,  i ·  director of  the Indiana  experimental 
stations now being  established  by the 
tate Horticultw·al So 
ciety.  The  work  of  these  stations will  be  to  cru.·efully  and 
thoroughly test  all  n ew fruits  and vegetables  before  they  are 
put  on the  market, so  to  enable the  ·ociety  to  fortify  them 
selves  against  the imposition of  unscrupulous  dealers,  and  to 
expose and lessen the  sale of all  worthless and  inferior  varie 
ties.  Ther e ru.·e  now eleven stations  at work scattered all over 
the State, so  as to  secm·e  all  possible  differences of soil.  heat 

I 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

19 

and  moi  tw·e.  These  sub-stations  all  make  reports  of  their 
experiments to the central station at Purdue University,  under 
charge of Prof. Troop, and he :reports to the State  Horticultural 
So  iety. 

C.  E.  Sumner,  '79,  wa  visited  by  one  of  ye  editors  this 
winter  and  was  cosily  situated  at 1408 Fomteenth St.  N.  W., 
Washington.  C.  P.  Cronk,  also  of  '79,  is  living  in  the  same 
h ouse  at  present  with  his  mother. 
l\fr.  Sumner  is  in  the 
Adjutant  General's  office  engaged in searching old :records in 
r efer ence  to  pension  claims.  He  soon  expects  to  r esign  and 
enter the law firm of  Swayne &  Hayes at Toledo. 

J.  W.  Gifford,  '78,  who has  been  for  som e  time  located  at 
Shoshonee. Idaho, asasw·veyor and mining engineer, and isnow 
Michigan  Superintendent of  Construction on the United Lines 
Telephone Company,  was in Lansing  r ecently  to  establish  an 
office for the company.  The class of  '78  will  be  interested  to 
learn that he still resorts occasionally to  his  old  trick  of  ma 
nipulating chair  about hi  head with his teeth. 

A  letter  from W.  S.  Kedzie,  '  3, written at Ouray,  Colorado, 
r eads:  "At present I  am clerking  for  my brother  in  a  stage 
and expr ess office,  so that h e  may devote  nearly  the whole  of 
his time to assaying.  We are 7,500 feet above the  level of the 
sea,  but I  have never seen  it very cold h ere, not more than ten 
degrees below zero since  December 25, 1  5. 
I  like the  place 
first rate,  and think of staying here for  ome time." 

The  sixth annual  reunion of  the  Agricultural  College  Stu 
d  nts' Association of Ionia county  was h eld at the residence of 
Mrs.  L.  C.  Maynard, of Portland, on  Friday  evening,  Febru 
ary 12.  Officers  were:  President,  W.  G.  Smith;  Secretary, 
E.  A.  Mmphy: 
tatistican,  W.  C.  Hall;  Historian.  George 
Morrice;  Poet,  H .  L.  B  nschotter;  Orator,  C.  B.  Collingwood; 
Pr  phet, E.  B.  Waldron;  Toastmaster,  A.  J.  Chappell. 

Lincoln  Avery,  of  '  2,  will  grad uate  from the law depart 
m ent of  University of  Michigan  this yeai·.  He will  then  r e 
sume  business  in the  office  of  Avery  Bros., Port  Huron, in 
which  office h e  has  already practiced,  having  been  admitted 
to the bar befor e ent  ring the  University.  On the  evening  of 
Mai·ch  27  he  was  elected  pre ident of  the  Webster  Society. 
H e expects  to visit  Michigan Agricultw·al  College during  the 
vacation at Ann Arbor. 

Henry A.  Haigh,  '74,  now  a  prominent  lawyer  of  Detroit, 
has  published a  Manual of  Law  and  Forms.  The  book  is  in 
part the outgrowth of numerous answers and  articles  contrib 
uted  by the author  to  the Michigan Farmer  and the Anierican 
Ag1·iculturalist, while he was  conducting  a  legal  department 
in those papers, and the subj  cts treated have been cho  en with 
especial reference  to  the  wants  of  the  industrial  classes.  A 
car eful examination of the book  has  so impres  ed Pres.  Willits 
with its fitness for these classes that he r ecommends its use by 
the students in connection with his course of lectw·es  on  busi 
ne 

law. 

"Dr. Wilbm F.  Hoyt,  house  physician  at  St.  Francis  Hos 
pital,  Coltunbus,  Ohio,  dming  the  past  year,· is  about  to  re 
tire  from  the  institution,  his  term  of  appointment  having 
expired.  It is the custom to appoint the house  physician each 
year from the graduating  class, one of  those receiving highest 
honor  being chosen.  Dr.  Hoyt was the r ecipient of on  of the 
prizes a  yeai· ago,  and  his  onduct in  the  office  of  hou ·e  phy 
sician has demonstmted the  wisdom  of  his  appointment.  He 
is a bright young man with a  promising futw·e.  He is to leave 
in  a  few  days  to  enter  upon the practice of  his profes  ion at 
Grand Rapids,  l\Iich.,  and 'vill cai-ry  with him the well wishes 
of  all his acquaintances."  We  clip  the above from one of  the 
Coltunbus papers.  Our readers will recognize W.  F .  Hoyt as a 
graduate of  the class of  '  B. 

P.  G.  Towai·,  '83,  has just started for  Akron,  Ohio,  where he 
goes to enter  the employ of Aultman, Miller &  Co. as agent for 
their well  known  reapers.  This  winter  h e  taught  school  in 
the  same  district  as  last  about  seven  miles  northwest  of 
Lansing,  a,nd when h e  wished  to  be  well  entertained  (which 
was not infrequent) would visit a  certain lady living in a  small 
village sb::  miles west of Lan  ing,  or  ten miles  away  from his 
home near the College. 
I  ow  Perry  i  not  known  to  cherish 
any insatiable love or  even undue pai·tiality for pedestrianism, 
and it is not to be thought for a  moment  that  he  would  visit 
Delta  of an evening for the  pmpose  of  embracing  the  oppor 
tunity of ten mile morning  walks,  yet  we  must  concede that 
h e de  erves great commendation for  the record  that  he  made 
early one frosty morning last winter when bis horse, not being 
as well  attached to the place as h e,  had gone home first. 

A  recent  letter  from M.  A.  Porter,  ~vith  '79,  informs  us  of 
the death of  of  his  brother,  James A. Porter, '77.  His  death 
took place  at his  home,  Blissfield,  Mich.,  on  Christmas  day, 
1885.  The decea  ed paid his own expenses  while at college by 
teaching during the winter vacation.  After  graduation he still 
continued  teaching,  being  enga~ed  at  different  times  in the 
States  of  Indiana,  Ohio  and  Michigan, and also  in  the high 

school at Greeley,  Col. 
In the  fall of  1884  he was married  to 
Miss  Alice  Hodges, of  Ogden,  Mich.,  and  took up  his perma 
n ent residence there.  He wa  a  man that was  ever  guided in 
word and action by the golden  rule,  and entered  heartily  into 
all Christian work, being  at the time of his death  the superin 
tendent of the Sabbath school at the Zion Chw·ch of the United 
Bretlu·en  at  Ogden,  of  which  church  he  had been  a  faithful 
and worthy m ember for fifteen years.  He was thirty-one years 
old at  the time of  his  death,  and  leaves  a  wife  and  child-a 
son-to mourn  his loss. 

Germany has no college paper. 
NeA-t  August, Heidelbmg will  celebrate  its  500th  anniver 

sary. 

The Mormons are about to  establish  a  college  at  Salt  Lake 

City. 

The senior class at Williams College will graduate in cap and 

gown. 

Purdue has recently expendod  $15,000  for  an  electrical  ap 

paratus. 

Five colleges  have  been  established  in  Dakota  dw-ing  the 

past year. 

Chapel orations have been done away with in the University 

of Minnesota. 

More than one-fourth of the students in German univer sities 

are Americans. 

The different colleges in the United  States  conferred  14,000 

degrees last yeai·. 

Dming the year  1885  three  comets  were  discovered  at  the 

Vanderbilt  Observatory. 

A  Harvard  tudentfrom New  York carries $15,000 insurance 

on the fw·nitw·e of his room. 

Union College has 3,000 graduat,es living.  Harvard and Yale 

each have a greater number. 

In round numbers  it cost Yale  $7,000  for boating,  $5,000 for 

base ball and $2,000 for foot ball. 

There are now four daily college papers in the United States 

Harvard, Cornell,  Princeton and Yale. 

Leyden Univer ity,  Holland, is the richest in the  world. 

real estate alone i  valued at $4,000,000. 

Its 

The class in mechanical laboratory work  at  otre Dame ai·e 

at work on a  10 hor  e power steam engage. 

James Russell  Lowell ha  taken his old place as Professor of 

Logic and Belles Lettre  at Harvard University. 

The  Bowdoin  professors  are  encom·aging  visits  from  the 
students by setting apai-t one evening each week  for  that  pur 
pose. 

Harvard is still  the  largest  college  in  the  country;  Oberlin 
comes  second;  and  Columbia  third,  Michigan is fourth;  and 
Yale,  fifth. 

The be  t  salaried professor  in the world  is  Prof.  Tw·ner,  the 
20.000 

distinguished  anatomist  of  Edinburgh.  who  receiYe 
per annum. 

Twenty  million  dollars,  the  largest  sum  eYer  given  by  a 
single individual  for  a  public  pmpose,  is  the  endo wment  of 
Leland Stanford, Jr. , University. 

Out of 3,500 graduates last  year from various colleges in th e 
United  States,  500  became  ministers,  500  doctors,  100  mer 
chants and 1,890  base ball players. 

The right of  petition by the  tudents has r ecently been abol 
ished in  the  Wisconsin  University  and  petitioning  made  an 
offense punishable by suspension. 

The  donation  to  Oberlin  College  for  the  yeai·  1885  sums 
up to $80,000.  This does not include any pai-t of the cost of the 
Warner Hall nor the Clark bequest. 

A  college is soon to  be  founded  in  Fargo,  Dakota,  by  Hon . 
Geo. H .  Barnes,  the president of the  orthern  Pacific elevator 
system.  It is to be called Barnes  University. 

Hillsdale College commences the spring  term  vl'ith  a  goodly 
number  of  students,  about  600.  Among the number  are  the 
usual  pedagogues  who  have  r etw·ued  from  their  winter's 
work. 

Dr. John Bascom has resigned the presidency of the Wiscon 
sin University on account,  it is  said,  of  the bad  feel ing  which 
has existed between him and several of the regents.  The re ig 
nation has been  accepted  by  the  r egents and a  committee ap 
pointed to select his successor.  He has  held the  position  thir 
teen years. 

20 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM . 

Mr.  F.  B.  Dickerson,  of  Detroit,  offers  a  gold  badge  to  the 
student at the Hillsdale Gymnasium who shows the  most abil 
ity and grace in the  use  of  Indian  clubs  at  the  close  of  the 
present term. 

The dimensions of Dartmouth's new  gymnasium  are  50x100 
feet,  with  a  second  story  and  a  wing  for  special  apparatus. 
It is in con  tant use by the students,  many of  whom  are  pre 
paring for base ball and rowing matches. 

Among Hillsdale's  numerous  attractions  she  now  boasts  a 
new and commodious gymnasium,  well  furnished with all the 
latest appliances for the devel-ope-ment of muscle.  Thanks  to 
Mr.  F.  B . Dickerson,  of Detroit,  and her many students. 

Oberlin  College  sustained  a  heavy  loss  la t  winter  in  the 
burning  of  the Ladies'  Hall. 
o  lives  were  lo  t,  although 
more than a  hundred young ladies were asleep in the  building 
when the fire broke  out.  The  building  cost  $40,000,  but  the 
insurance covered over three-fourths  of  the  amount.  It  will 
be rebuilt soon. 

With  this  issue  of  THE  SPECULUM  a  new  man  assumes  the 
editorship of the departments of College News and Exchanges. 
The Norinal News ranks among the most lively and attractive 
of our exchanges.  Its alumni,  personal and local columns are 
ably  conducted and adds much to its valor.  The March  num 
ber contains a short, but sensible, article on the subject,  "'Older 
than Methuselah;" also an  excellent essay  on  the  "Powers of 
the Imagination," from the pen of  C.  E .  Smith,  a  graduate of 
this College  in the  class  of  '84. 
llfr.  Smith  was  formerly  an 
able contributor to THE  SPECULUM. 

We acknowledge the receipt of  the following college papers, 
many of which have been sent regularly during the  months of 
our  winter vacation :-Oberlin Review, Noti·e Dame Scholastic, 
Normal  News,  The  Pleiad,  Academica  I-Iesperian,  Acta  Vic 
toriana,  Aitrora,  Academy  Journal,  Berkleyan  Badger, 
Bla.ckburnian,  Ramble1.,  College  Index,  Transcript,  Campus 
Cabinet,  College  Days,  College  Jo·urnal,  College  Chips,  Cal 
liopean Clarion,  Cctrletonian,  College  Student,  Dennison  Col 
legian,  DelawCt?·e Review,  Dilettant, Einory Jl{irror,  Hesperian, 
Centml Collegian,  Index and Chronicle,  llfonmouth Collegian, 
Niagara Index,  News Lette1-,  Occident,  Owl,  Purdue, Sunbeam.,.. 
Baldwin Index,  Vanclerbilt  Observer and Xavie1» 

The  Be1·kleyan  of  February  23  is  exceptionally  entertain 
ing.  It faithfully reflects the college  loyalty  and  enthusiasm 
which is so  admirable  among  students  of  a  good  institution. 
And although its depai:tments are  all  well sustained, the chief 
feature of attraction in this  issue  are  the  Notes  on  Physical 
Education  in  other  colleges  and  universities  in  the  United 
States.  These notes  are very complete  and  calculated  to  ex 
hibit the various steps which have  been  taken  by  educational 
institutions towards the solution of  this troublesome  question. 
The notes include a  study  of  twenty-four  of  the  leading  col 
leges,  and plainly indicate a  determination on the part of all to 
supply  their students with suitable  gymnasiums  and a  compe 
tent director, and most of them have for years  been supplying 
such facilities and are much encouraged by the results. 

The students who  are  interested  in  reading  the  exchanges 
will find them, arranged  and classified  according  to  States, in 
the space assigned them in  the  library.  We  will  attempt  to 
keep them in their proper  places, so  that  they  may  be  found 
and consulted without  the  trouble  of  lo"oking  over  a  Jniscel 
laneous  collection.  We  are  sorry  that we  have received  no 
exchauges from  Ann  Arbor,  Hillsdale,  Olivet, or  Adrian,  but 
hope in the near future to furnish the  students  a  paper  from 
each of the :Michigan colleges,  and also from  each of  the lead 
ing colleges and universities of  the country.  Boys, look  them 
over.  Take an interest in the workings  of  our  American  col 
leges.  Learn through their papers~ hat they are doing.  Com-

pare other colleges with our  own,  and  be  able  to make an in 
telligent estimate of the Agricultural College as compared with 
the colleges of  the Nation. 

We do not desire to come forward with the usual  blowing of 
horns and  ringing  of  bells, aud  announce  to  our  readers that 
grnat improvements are being made in this department, or that 
its  columns  will  be  more  attractive  than before.  In  accord 
ance with the popular opinion of  College graduates, our board 
of  editors,  during the present year,  have  deemed  it  necessary 
to throw aside the  material  prepared  by the  exchange  editor, 
in  order  to  make  room  for  items  of  more  general  interest . 
On assuming our duties we find that a  large  number  of  excel 
lent College paper  , the accumulation of the winter, are await 
ing a response.  Some o  :them remember THE  SPECULUM  with 
complimentary notes,  some pass  criticism  on its size,  style,  or 
method of  inserting advertisements,  and  others  wonder  what 
has become of  the Exchange editor-if  he  is sick  or has been 
expelled  from  College.  For  the  benefit  of  all  we  will  state 
that  THE  SPECULUM  is  still  alive  and  that our predecessor in 
this department is a  man who  was  faithful  to  his  du ties,  but 
whose  material  for  publication  was  omitted  for  the  reason 
above given. 

The question has  arisen;  Shall we  neglect  this  part of  our 
paper ?  Shall we read  three or four  pages of  exchange notes 
in the various college rapers that  come to our table,  and after 
admiring their mutua  admiration for  each other,  or after  be 
coming  weary of  the  many disastrous  attempts  at  sharp and 
high-sounding  criticism.  allow  them  to pass  unnoticed?  We 
have come to  this  conclusion,  that  inasmuch as  the object of 
exchanging is for the purpose of becoming acquainted with the 
various  colleges  of  the  country,  and  for  the  promotion of  a 
friendly  interest  in each  other,  we  shall  indulge in  no criti 
cisms that  are  intended  to underrate  or  depreciate the value 
of  any college  journal.  True,  some  of  the  paper s are vastly 
superior to others,  but for  one paper  like the Academica (Cin 
cinnati,  0.,)  to  display  its  spirit  of  pomp  and  bombast  by 
severely  criticising the  style,  arrangement, and gen eral  make 
up of another .of egual merit like the Hesperian (Lincoln, Neb.) 
is as ridiculous as it is absurd.  We dislike nearly as much the 
general tendency in  all of  the  papers  whose  editors  seem to 
think  that some remark must be  made  concerning  the excel 
lent qualities of other papers, even though they possess none at 
all.  Now,  brethren of the  exchange circle,  perhaps you  will 
be  unable  to  understand  our  position,  but  send  along  your 
papers.  We welcome  them to  our table,  and  only hope  that 
THE  SPECULUM  will receive as hearty a  reception as  we trust it 
deserves.  Our limited  time has not  admitted of  a  very  thor  
ough  review of  the exchange list,  but we  hope  for  the next 
number to be able to present some commendable notes express 
ing our appreciation of them in a  more definite for m. 

Since the last issue of  the SPECULUM  the following valuabl e 
work has been  published:  A  llUNlJAL OF  THE  BOTANY OF  THE 
ROCKY  MOUNTAINS,  by JOHN  M.  COULTER,  PH.  D.  Publishers 
Ivison,  Blakeman, Taylor &  Co. 

As its  title indicates, the  region  covered  includes  Colorado, 
Wyoming, Montana and the western part of Dakota,  Nebraska 
and Kansas.  These  rapidly settling  countries are  frequ ently 
visited by botani  ts,  who  will  eagerly welcome  this book  a,s  a 
timely aid in their  researches.  The  author  acknowledges  the 
aid of Dr.  Gray and  S.  Watson,  of  Harvard;  of  M.  S.  Bebb, 
the expert  on  willows;  and L.  H.  Bailey for  his aid  on  the 
sedges. 

The latter is a  young,  enthusiastic  professor of  hor ticulture, 
and was :first Editor-in-chief  of  the SPECULUM.  He is fast  be 
coming  the  leading  American  authority  on  that perplexing 
order  Cyperacece,  Sedges, which  he  elaborated  for  the abo>e 
named work. 

W .  J.  B. 

TAYLOR 

&  C  0 

'S 

ONE-PRICE BOOT AND SHOE HOUSE, 

1 25  "Washingt on  Ave nue.  LANS ING.  Mi c h . 

\.., 

J.  :e:.  SIPI..EY, 

DEALER  IN 

BEC:K:7 

THE  CLOTHIER. 

i 

Dried  Beef,  Hams,  Poultry,  and  Game, 

LANSING, ~ICFr-
- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -
EUGENE  'J\TILLIAMS 

PROPRIETOR  OF 

LIVERY  AND  !OA!DIIG  STAILE. 

106 

GRAND  STREET, 

NORTH  OF 

CHAPMAN 

HOUSE. 

BUSINESS 

ON CASH  BASIS, 

AT 

REASONABLE 

PRICES. 

SPECIAL  INDUCEMENTS  TO  STUDENTS. 

First-Class  Rigs  at  all  hours  of day  or  night. 

Telephone  in  Connection  with  Office. 

STUDENTS  AND  O'l'HERS,  GIVE  US  A CALL ! 

112 Washington  Avenue  North. 

"7\T_  D_  SABI::t:\f :7 

-DEALER  IN-

ieav!l  aud  ~ltrl/(  Jatclwnre, 

"NEVER  TOO  LATE  TO  MEND," 

SHOULD  READ,  BUY  BOOTS  AND  SHOES  AT 

====ABE  R'S ==== 

' 

THEN  YOU  DON'T  HAVE  TO  MEND. 

Crown  Jewel  Stoves and  Ranges, 

105  Washington  Ave ..  LANSING,  MICH. 

JY-COFFETT, 

~DENTIST.~ 

The  Best  Goods! 

Latest  Styles! 

Nit1·ous  Oxide· Gas  01•  Vitalized  Afr  given  fo1·  the 
painless  ext1·action  of Teeth. 
Southeast corner  of Washington  and  Mich. Aves, Lansing. 

BEE-KEEPERS'  GUIDE, 

-OR -
Manual  0£ the  Apiary. 

13,000  sold  since  1876.  4,000  sold  since  May,  1883.  En 
tirely  revised.  Fifty  pages  and  fifty  costly 
illustrations  added. 
Price  by  Mail  $1.25.  Liberal  Disco unt  to  Dea lers  n.nd  for  Club•. 

PRIGES  THE  LOWEST. 
.TURNER 
A 
Dry  Goods  and  Groceries, 

A.  J.  OOOK,  Author and  Publisher, LANSING,  MICH. 

117 and 119  Michigan  Ave., LANSING,  MICH. 

W ESLEY  EMERY, 

-DEAJ,ER  I N -

Manufacturers  and  Jobbers  of 

Books  and  ~tation@ry,  HARNESS,  TRUNKS, 

WALL  PAPER  AND  DECORATIONS, 

ALBUMS,  srnu:s, MIRRORS,  HAND  8ACHELs . 

Saddlery  Hardvvare, 
Traveling  Bags,  Horse  Clothing,  Etc. 

Picture  Framing  a  Specialty. 

107 WAS HINGTON  AVE.  SOUTH, LANSING, MICH. 

116 Michigan  Avenue ,  Lansing,  Mich. 

C.  CANNELL. 

J .  W.  EDMONDS . 

JOHN  HERRMANN , 

Opposite  Opera  Blo ck, 

FIRST  GLASS  LIVERY. 

MERCHANT  TAILOR, 

KEKPS  THE  LARGEST  AND  BEST  STOCK  OF 

IN  MIC H IGAN. 

STUDENTS'  PATRONAGE  SOLICITED. 

BEST  F IT  FOR  THE  LEAST  MO NEY. 

J I MMY  MA R KE Y. 

Students ,  Come  and  See  Me . 

f£it~EY 8t  BUTTS, 

J_  c.  HUFFMAN, 

FnnBral  IlirBctors  anu  Fnrnitnro  IlBalors.  Bak er  a nd  Confectioner I 

OUR  UND~RTARER's OuTFIT  1s  MOST  COMPLETE. 

.ll6Y" Our  Stock  of  Furniture is  Desirable. 

OUR  PRICES  ARE  LOW. 

OHDERS  FOH 

ICE  CREAM,  LARGE  AND  SMALL  CAKES, 
AND  CONFECTI ONERY 

FILLED  ON  SHORT  NOTICE. 

Corner  W ash in gton  Avenue  and  I onia  Street , 

LANSI N G, M:IC:S:. 

F. ·  SIMONS, 
1 04  W ashing ton  A venue , 

DISPLAYS  THE  FINES'l'  AND  LARGEST  STOCK  OF 

DRY  GOODS  AND  CARPETS 

THAT  HAS  EVER  BEEN  OPENED  IN  THE  CITY. 

YOTT  WILL  ALWAYS  FIND  GOODS  AS  REPRESENTE D AND  OlJ R.  PRICES  AT  THE. BOTTOM. 

HEADQUARTERS  FOR  COLLEGE  BOYS !  AMERICAN  H O TEL! 

GEO .   T.  D.A..V"IS'S 

Bakory,  Conf octionory  ana  Rostanrant. 

ICE  CREAM  AND  OYSTERS  IN  SEASON. 
Lu.n.ches  a.t  a.11  ~ou.rs. 

CIGA R 

ND  TOBACCO. 

BANQUET  ORDERS  PROMPTLY  ATTENDED  TO. 
1 03  W ashington  A venue,  L a n s ing. 

G.  E.  RIOHl:v.'.I:OND, 
- -nENT.nsrr.- -

ARTIFICIAL  TEETH  WITHOUT  PLATES. 

214  Washington  Avenue,  Lansing,  Mich. 

TEMPERANCE. 
8 0 8  M iobig a o  Ave. 
P leasnnt a nd commodious 1·001ns,  newly  furnit1 h ed. 
Pa1·lsian Lnundry an<l  Bath Rooms in 
connection with  the House. 

T .  G .  KIN G ,  Proprietor, 

L a n sin g ,  Mich. 

Ilrs.  J. W.  & A.  Il.  HAGADORN, 

Phys icians  and  D r u ggists. 

E special  a ttention  p a id 

to  F ittin g  a nd  Fur 

.  nishing  S p ecta cles. 

HUDHON'  HOU8 E ,  w  Es Tc 0  TT, 

M.  HUDSON,  Proprietor. 

LANSING,  MICH. 

o.  112  M ICHIGAN  AvE .,  L ANSING,  MICH ., 

COLLEGE  s·rAGE  ANil  MAIL  DELIVERY! 

JOHN  MOORE ,  Proprie tor. 

L eaves  Colleg e  ever y  day  at  8: 15  A .  M .  and  1: 30  P.  M.  for 

L ansing. 

L eaves L a nsing  at 10: 30  A .  M .  a nd  4: 00  P .  M . 
Those  desiring  to  visit  the  Colleg e  may  avail  themselves of 

this opportunity. 

· 

D E ALE!~  IN 

foreign  and  Domestic  Woolens 

AND  GE  TS'  FUR  ISHI  JG  GOODS. 

TO M  W' ESTC OTT,  Th e  C u. "tte r. 

I 

THE  M.  C.  LILLEY  &  CO. 

HEADQUARTERS  .FOR 

MILITARY  GOODS  OF  ALL  !{INDS. 
REGALIA  SUPPLIES,  BAND  EQUIPMENTS,  AND 

U:n.1.forms  o f  a.11  Desor1.p1;1.o:n.s. 

ipecial  Inducements  to  $tudents  and  those  getting  up  g1ubs  or  gompanies. 

COLUM:EUS, 

OHIO. 

C4flT4L  B41fBElf  SlfOf,  T8Nl8BIAL  PABLOBI, 

No.  119  WASHINGTON  AVENUE. 

No. 106 ::t:v.l:ich.ig-a.n  ..A."'lre., 

LANSING. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  PAID  TO 
STUDENTS'  CUSTOM. 

STUDENTS  SURE  OF  EXCELLENT  WORK  IN  ALL  ITS 
BRANOHES,  BY  FIRST-CLASS  ARTISTS. 

FIRS'f-ULASS  ARTISTS.  EXUELLENT  WORK. 

ELI  BIDELMAN,  Proprietor. 

FINE  CIGARS  AND  TOBACCO 

J.  W.  DA VIS,  Proprietor. 

IN  STOCK  AT  ALL  TIMES. 

STUDENTS  FIND  AT 

VT.  RA.FLEE, 

G.  ,V.  FllARY'S  STORE 

.A.  Lnrge  and  :!!..,inc  Stock  of 

WllOLESALE  A!\D  RETAU.  DEALER  IN 

Jewelry, Watches,  Clocks,  Diamonds, 
Silver and Plated-Ware. 

GENTS'  HATS  AND  CAPS  119  WASHINGTON  AVENUE, 

-

LANSING,  MICH. 

:CN  T::S:::E  LATEST  STYL:E:S. 

REPAIRING  NEATLY  DONE. 

FUR .N ITURE !  

A  LARGE  ASSOR'l'MEN'l'  OF 

ALWAYS  ON  HAND. 

SPECIAL  FIGURES  TO  STUDENTS. 

Opposite  Opera  House. 

U. J. l3t7CE. 

CURTAIN  DRAPERY  AND  TRIMMINGS  A  SPECIALTY I 

SPRING  AND  SUMME-R 

STUDENTS  AND  OTH1i~RS 

WILL  REMEMBER  THAT 

LEDERER  &  SONS 

AUE  HEADQUARTERS  FOR 

AND  ALL  THE  LATEST  NOVELTIES  IN 

Hats,  Caps,  and  Gents'  Furnishing  Goods. 

LARGEST  STOCK, 

MOST  FASHION ABLE  GOODS. 

LOWEST  PRICES. 

'rhis  is  our  reputation,  and  we  have  maintained  it  for  twenty  years. 

H  LEDERER  &  SONS,  The  Clothiers, 

~AeI~IINGTON AVENUE. 

THE STATE  AGRICLUTURAL  CoLLEGg, 
P.  0.,  Agricultural  College,  near Lansing,  Mich. 

This  institution  is  thoroughly  equipped,  having  a  ln.rge  teaching  force;  also  ample  facilities  for  illustra 
tion  and  manipulation,  i11c.uding 

Laboratories,  Conservatories,  Library.  Museum,  Class-room 
Apparatus,  also  a  Large  and  Well stocked  Farm. 

FOUR  YEARS  ARE  REQ_UIRED  TO  COMPLETE  THE  COURSE, 

CHEMISTlW,  MATHEMATICS,  BOTANY,  ZOOLOGY,  VETERINARY,  ENGLISH  LANGUAGE  AND 
LITEBA'fURE,  MILITARY  'l'AU'l'IUS.  AND  ALL  OTH8R  BR.\NUHES  OF  A 
COLLEGE  COURSE  EXUEP'l'  FORBlGN  LANGU.\GES. 

-

EMllRACING -

Three  hours'  labor  on  each  working  day, except  Saturdays.  Maximum  rate  paid  for labor,  eight cents 

an  hour. 

BATEs.-Tuition  free.  Club  boarding,  from  $2.00  to  $2.50  per  week. 

CALENDAR  FOR  THE  YEAR  1886. 

February  24th  Spring  Term  begins.  May  19th  Spring  'l'erm  ends.  May  26th  Snmmer  Term  begins. 
August  18th  Snmmer Tenn  ends;  Commencement.  August  25th  College  Year  b~gins;  Eutrnuce examin 
ations at 9 o'clock A.  M. 

For  Catalogue  apply  to  EDWIN  WILLITS,  PnEsIDENT,  OR  HENRY  G.  H.EYNOLDS,  SECRETARY.