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THE COLLEG

— a
—a -

OP.

“CULUM.

Vout. VI.—No. 3.

——
——-

HOLLAND.
J, N. ESTABROOK, DELTA TAU DELTA FRATERNITY.

_ Among European countries, there are two of special
interest to the traveler, both of them remarkable for
their natural characteristics, and yet as far different in
these characteristics as two countries well can be,

Holland is. as remarkable for the lowness of its land
and the fatness of its country, as is Switzerland for its
‘lofty elevation and grand mountains.

Holland is a quiet and purely agricultural country
lying at so low a level, that, were the dykes and em-
_ bankments which surround the country to be removed,
more than two-thirds of the land would be completely
inundated. It has been said that the price of Holland

is eternal vigilance, and the truth of the saying becomes |

apparent when we view the extent of the work con-
stantly going on to prevent the encroachment of the sea,
The first characteristic of the couniry which a trav-

AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH., APRIL 1, 1889,

—
—

WuHoLe No, 23.

eler notices, is the absolute flatness of the outlook, |

Houses and windmills stand out abruptly against the |

horizon, and not the slightest rise of ground meets the
eye in any direction. There are always to be seen the
distinctive Dutch features,—a canal or two, some wind-
mills, and a herd of black and white cattle. In spite of
the flatness and sameness of everything,

grass is so ¢reen, the bank of the canal lined with wil-

the view is |

almost always a pleasant and picturesque one. The | touching. Houses in Amsterdam are almost invariably

nunciation for the English student than is the German.
With a knowledge of German, a person is enabled to
read Dutch to some extent, but when he hears the same
words spoken, the deep gutteral is entirely unintelligi-
ble to him, The language is said to be remarkably
rich and full of vital energy; and words of purely
native growth are to be found in almost every branch of
science and art.

Amsterdam is the great commercial city of Holland,
It is situated on the river Y, and connected with the
North Sea by the North Sea Canal, by which large
ocean steamers are brought across the country, A trav-
eller who happens to catch sight of an ocean steam-
ship, apparently journeying across the country, is apt to
be filled with the most unbounded amazement at the
sight.

Canals, or “ Grachten,” intersect Amsterdam in every
direction, and divide it into ninety islands, which have
given to the city the names of “City of the Ninety

| Islands,” * Venice of the North,” ete.

The buildings are all constructed on foundations of
piles, a fact which gave rise to the jest of Erasmus of
Rotterdam. He said that he knew a city whose inhabi-
tants dwelt on the tops of trees like rooks. The houses
are tall and the streets narrow, so that when the piles
settle, the view down the street shows the buildings at
all degrees of slant, the opposite tops sometimes almost

painted black and white, are tall and narrow, with wide

lows, the arms of the old windmills tumble about so |
slowly and lazily, and the cattle are, like the people, so

clean and wholesome-looking, that the effect is very
pleasant and restful to the traveler or sight-seer, tired of
cities and galleries.

The Dutch are a quiet, clean, hospitable, slow-going
and steady people. The Dutch love of cleanliness
‘Amounts sometimes almost toa monomania. They scrub
everything, inside and out. The scrubbing, washing,
and polishing is continually going on and is occasionally
somewhat subversive of comfort; but the way every-
thing, from the doorstep and windows to the faces of
the children, shines, is refreshing. An old Dutch Myn-
_ heer loves nothing better than his pipe and his beer, and
is a8 rotund of form and phlegmatic of disposition as

hospitality and kindheartedness are repeatedly met with,
and one who has lived or traveled in Holland bears
away with him the warmest regard and highest respect
for the Dutch ople.

The Dutch language is much more difficult of pro-

windows, polished with scrupulous care.

In Amsterdam may be seen some of the peculiarities
of the country which so amuse astranger. The Gaper,
the customary sign of a druggist’s shop, is a painted
Turk’s or Moor’s head, with mouth wide open, very
suggestive of the pills and doses sold underneath. The
chimes in the towers of the churches or other public
buildings proclaim the quarter hour by playing a few
bars of some popular or operatic air,—a pleasing cus-
tom, the effect of which is, however, destroyed by fre-
quent repetition.

At Haarlem, is the famous organ built by Christian
Mueller, and long considered the finest and largest in
the world. It has the distinction of having been played
upon by Handel, and by Mozart when only ten years

beer and tobacco can make him. But instances of his | of age.

Near Haarlem are the immense bulb farms, where are
raised the tulips and other bulb plants for which Holland
is world renowned. Acre upon acre of the most won-
derful and various colored hyacinths, tulips, irises,
dahlias, and bulb plants of every sort and variety greet
|

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

the eye of the bewildered visitor. He wades kneedeep
among the brilliant colors, and his wonder and admira-
ton are unbounded. Such a sight can be seen nowhere
in the world but in Holland.

In the vicinity of Haarlem are numerous country
houses owned by wealthy merchants of adjacent
cities, retired East India traders, and other persons of
distinction. These villas, though generally enclosed by

too often builtin bad taste and disfigured with paint and
stucco, They usually bear inscriptions characteristic of
the sentiments of their proprietors, and breathing a
spirit of repose and comfort, thus: “ Pleasure and
repose,” * Well content,” “My satisfaction,” “ Joy with
peace,” “ Large enough.” Many villas rejoice in much
lengthier titles, which perhaps appear peculiarly appro-
priate to the occupants, but which cannot fail to excite
asmile when read by strangers.

The peasants one meets in riding through the country
are a grave, respectable people, who always salute you as
you pass them. This will naturally puzzle a stranger
till it is so often repeated that he recognizes it to be a
custom of the country.

The Hague is the capital of Holland—the Washing-
ton of that country, Amsterdam being the New York,
No other Dutch city contains so many broad and hand-
some streets, lofty and substantial houses, and spacious
and imposing squares, as the Hague. But the finest
feature of the town is the magnificent avenues of elms
and lindens, often three or four miles in length, the trees
being nearly two hundred years old. ,

One of these fine, shady avenues leads to Scheven-
ingen, three miles distant, on the North Sea.

The fisherwomenof Scheveningen are striking figures,
with their curious costumes and broad brimmed straw
hats. There are few countries where so many curious
and striking costumes are to be seen as in Holland,
The fishermen of North Holland are always distin-
guished by their wide and baggy knee pantaloons. The
undertaker, as he is seen going from door to door, de-
livering invitations to some funeral under his charge, is
a remarkable looking object. He wears a three-cor-
nered cocked hat, from which hangs a long, wide
streamer of black, a swallow-tailed coat, knee breeches,
black stockings, and low shoes with immense buckles.
Almost all the women wear some kind of head-dress,
which differs in different parts of Holland.

Scheveningen itself is a clean fishing village, shel-
tered from the sea by lofty sand dunes, It is a cele-
brated seaside resort, visited annually by thousands of
German, English and French, as well as Dutch people,
Some of the beach appliances are never found anywhere
but at a Dutch bathing place; the wicker chairs which
enclose a person, and encased in which one may turn
his back to the wind and read his novel, or snatch an
occasional nap, lulled by the music of the waves. Then
the bathing machines on wheels, from the rear end of

uo

which the bather steps into the water; both contrivances
are worthy of imitation.

Taking the train north from Amsterdam, or steamer
on the Zuider Zee, a half day’s ride brings one to Leeu-
warden, the capital of the ancient district of Friesland,
the oldest and finest agricultural district of all Holland.
The Friesians are the only Germanic tribe that has pre-
served its name unaltered since the time of Tacitus,

carefully kept gardens, parks, and pleasure grounds, are | They are remarkable for their bravery and love of inde-

pendence.

Their language differs considerably from
that of the rest of Holland, and boasts of a not incon-
siderable literature, but is rapidly being supplanted by
the Dutch.

Friday is market day in Leeuwarden, and on that day
the country people and peasants throng the town: The
women always wear the remarkable and beautiful
head-dress which is seen all over Holland, but in greatest
beauty and variety in Friesland. It consists of a gold
skull cap, sometimes of silver, adorned over the tem- ~
ples with spiral ornaments or rosettes of gold, often set
with diamonds. These caps are many times of great
value and become heirlooms in the family. ‘They are
handed down from mother to daughter, and preserved
with the greatest care. With them is usually worn a
lace and muslin heacd-dress, of snowy whiteness, and
perhaps the whole thing topped off with an odd-shaped
hat.

The women of Friesia enjoy a reputation for beauty,
and in fact one does see many attractive faces among
the country girls who frequent the markets.

But even more enjoyable than the quaint old town of
Leeuwarden on market day, with its pretty girls and
gay costumes, is a ride into the country, from farm to
farm, inspecting the splendid cattle, barns as clean and
sweet as a kitchen, cool and pleasant dairies, and. meet-
ing everywhere the most agreeable hospitality. In every
farmhouse is found the most immaculate cleanliness;
every farm is well kept, and every animal a shining
example of good care and careful treatment.

In travelling through Holland one has many oppor-
tunities for examining the extensive dykes on which the
existence of all this green and pleasant country depends.
The work of building and keeping them up is a gigan-
tic undertaking. The constantly imminent danger of
the country will be thoroughly appreciated by the
stranger if he stands at the foot of one of the great
dykes at high tide and hears the breakers dashing
against the other side of the barrier at a height of six-
teen or cighteen feet above his head, The force of the
old Dutch proverb, “God made the sea, we made the
shore,” will also be apparent.

Polders are tracts of land which have been reclaimed
by draining, and rendered not only habitable, but
extremely valuable for agricultural purposes. Large
parts of Holland have been so reclaimed, and it is now
proposed to construct the whole of the Zuider Zee into
a polder, by which operation Holland would gain an
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

3

additional province of 687 square miles. This will un-
doubtedly same day be done.

Holland is a remarkable country. Its public works,

its intensive system of agriculture and horticulture, its |

people and history, all are full of interest; and the trav-

eller who visits Europe, and returns without having |

devoted some portion of his time to a trip through this
country, and a study of all that it presents, misses that
which cannot fail to interest and benefit him.

a= ———

Society's Claim Upon Her Soldier Citizen.

WwW, C. HALL, UNION LITERARY SOCIETY,

A genuine interest in one another's welfare has ever
¢«haracterized the Nation. In the early settlements
mutual protection against the savage hordes on the
rugged shores of New England, or among the forests
of the South, created this interest which was not easily
ruptured. In union there was strength. Then, too,
freedom from the oppressor—the one common cause
driving millions to our shores—cemented the sympathies
of the people.

The local Indian troubles of early times prepared the
way for the French and Indian war, followed in a few
years by the final struggle for independence. In all
those conflicts the protection of the home was the in-
spiring sentiment re-enforced by the earnest devotion to
the cause by those at home—the prayers and heroic
deeds of the mothers and daughters.

At the close of the Revolution, a spontaneous sense of
gratitude toward those who, maimed or diseased, sur-
vived the perils of war, and toward the helpless families
of the fallen heroes, permeated all classes in society,
furnishing ample scope for philanthropic effort. This
sentiment was generously responded to by the govern-
ment, and pensions were quite freely granted. The
second war for independence, which established beyond
a doubt the stability of the government, created a more
general feeling of gratitude toward the “old defenders.”
Our law makers rightly acceded to the popular demand
and, as far as possible, the survivors and helpless fam-
ilies were well provided with the necessities, at least, of
life. A third time the bugle note brought forth the
armed men of: war—not, at this time to defend the
home, but to add a vast territory to an already large
domain. Gratitude for services rendered again found
expression in large appropriations from the public
treasury.

Lastly the maelstrom of civil war engulfed father, son
and brother in its terrible vortex. The corflict was
rendered more relentless as each side considered the
principles for which it contended to be right. Here
again the protection of the home with all its hallowed
associations, was in many cases the motive prompting
-anenlistment, Brother raised his sword against brother

and peace was only restored when the resources of one
side were exhausted.

The government, though bearing a debt sufficiently
heavy to sink a nation of less enterprise, immediately
enacted measures providing for those who so heroicly
laid their lives upon the altar. The maimed were made
comfortable, and the diseased given the best treatment,
neither did the widow's meal waste nor her cruse of oil
fail, Philanthropic endeavor knew no bounds. The
hospital, the soldier’s home and the orphanage seemed
to spring up self-created, Government lands were set
apart for those able to cultivate and make homes of
them. Those unable thus to gain a livelihood were

| furnished employment in the various departments of the

rovernment.

It is far from the purpose of this article to under-rate
the services of the soldier. The soldier has been an
important factor in the government. In many instances
laws could not have been enforced, national rights
protected or the home defended without his aid. The
stability of the government and the permanence of the
many institutions of freedom are directly due to his
unflinching devotion to the nation’s welfare in times of
peril, Fxstiee demands that the soldier receive fitting
recognition. This is not charify, They never can be
repaid for their sacrifices. The noble and brave have
suffered and died to preserve our homes and perpetuate
the Union, Their precious blood was spilt to redeem
the nation from tyranny, from oppression, and from
slavery, and the general manifestations of gratitude are
but the natural outgrowths of such struggles.

The soldier, however, is not an irresponsible party.
Society’s claim upon him does not terminate when he
is maimed in his country’s service ot rendered unfit for
active business. This claim on the proper use of ime
and talent is even more pressing than upon those of
other classes. The soldier is accountable in view of the
large sums of money spent for his welfare. While
able bodied men are toiling to support themselves and
these public beneficiaries, the latter can do much to
maintain the best interest of society. Too often they
seem to fancy that their obligation to society closed
when the disability began and that support is due them
during the remainder of life. Frequently the defender
of his country, drawing a large pension for the loss of a
limb, is daily found at the billiard hall or card table, among
questionable companions and surrounded by an atmos-
phere stifling with tobacco smoke and resonant with
profanity. In what manner is such a course aiding
society? Does the man’s inability to work necessarily
render him a victim of idleness and depravity? Society
has a just claim upon the proper improvement of his
time.

If the soldier is accountable for private acts he is still
more responsible for his action in public. Reunions,
camp-fires, posts, etc., should contribute to his social im-
provement as well as perpetuate the incidents and mem-
ories of hard fought battles. .A delegate wpon return-
4.

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

————

ing from the state reunion at Milwaukee during the
past winter, related with considerable surprise, ‘that he
saw no delegate under the influence of liquor during
the entire session. What a comment upon the social
standing of a body which should be above reproach! If
a state association of business men were as liable to
public consure from such a cause, we should feel that
the business interests of the community were in unsafe
hands, A reunion of the G, A. R. means to many mem-
bers an occasion for general laxity in good behavior,
and to some a time of drunken revelry. When the
state troops meet for general drill these scenes are en-
acted till society is compelled to feel that soldiers as a

class are dissipated,

Few citizens are better fitted to enjoy the arts of
peace than the soldiers. The rough and dangerous life
in camp and field should render more sacred the home
and its hallowed surroundings. The institutions which
they have fought to perpetuate should have for them a
charm not generally appreciated. No class in the com-
munity should be entitled to more respect—a class whom
aking would delight to honor.

[n our infaney we heard of the soldiers’ terrible suffer-
ings, of their heroic deeds, and their sweeping victories.
We grew up to revere them, and there is not a boy in
the land whose pulse has not been quickened at the

sound of the stirring drum, the strains of martial music | : :
& , Music | the orator works upon the feelings and by his move-

The sol- | . et
| ments of body, expressions of face and variations of

or at the brilliant appearance of the parade,
dier has no more night to debase himself from his rank
among men‘ than has any other citizen to violate the
principles of good society.
blood of the Nation.
General Garfield was a model soldier. Burying for-
ever, as it then seemed to him, his personal ambitions, he
laid himself upon his country’s altar employing his super-
ior intellect in the persecution of the war—brave in the
field, brave in contests on the floor of Congress, heroicly
brave in the hour of death, His life should furnish

every cilizen soldier. Not that all can achieve his great-
ness but that each may attain true nobility of character
in the faithful discharge of duty.

The Necessity of More Thorough Instruction
in Oratory.

A. A. ABBOTT, OLYMPIC SOCIETY,

Oratory is the art of public speaking in an eloquent
and effective manner; the exercise of rhetorical skill in
oral discourse. The orator has some object in view,
He must sway the will of his audience, and he does this
by appealing to their intellects and working upon their
emotions. He aims to produce feelings in others cor-
responding to those in himself,

Shortly after the time of Pericles there arose in
Greece aschool of rhetoricians, Through the study and

hey represent the best attention of his hearers, thus inducing thought on their

workings of this school, oratory gradually improved;
until it reached its greatest perfection in Demosthenes,
As a result of this study, large numbers of orators were

produced, many of whose names have passed down to.
posterity. After a time oratory was introduced into.
Rome and here reached its perfection in Cicero, Dy.
ing the prosperous ages of the Roman and Grecian
nations, the people were educated to a great extent,
through the orator, He was considered one of the im-

portant facters that go to make up a community,

With the invention of printing in about 1450, came a
new means of education, At this time those whocould
read and write were few, and as a result few received
direct benefit from the invention of printing. With
the advancement of education and the increase of wealth,
this class has gradually grown larger, until at the pres-
ent time it includes a large portion of all civilized
nations,

The people of the present time would thus seemingly
have a reason for not giving the subject of oratory as
much study and thought as the Greeks and Romans
did, Kutisthis reason a thoroughly substantial one?
The orator should be able to analyze his subject and to
arrange the arguments in a logical form. So far he ap-
peals to the intellect, which can be done with nearly the
same degree of success upon paper. Further than this

voice brings about in his audience feelings correspond-
ing to those in himself. At the same time he holds the
part, which he would fail to do in many cases if he
trusted to their gathering his thought from paper. The
effect produced by the orator upon the feelings, and the
swaying of the will is something that cannot be done
by means of print. That person who trusts wholly te
the reasoning powers of his hearers or readers, will

,; . _ often fail of success in the object sought, because he has
many incentives to noble aspirations in the bosom of | J BM

failed to sway the will power, though he may have
made it appear that he was in the right. ‘Thus we see
that the orator accomplishes his end by swaying the will
of his listeners through the feclings and intellect; while
the person who expresses himself on paper trasts to the
intellect,

At the present time as we look about us we see num-
erous questions of grave importance to be solved. Some
of these are prohibition, labor and free trade, The pro-
hibition amendment which is now before the people of
the State of Michigan, will perhaps demonstrate to us,
as fully as anything, the importance of oratorical skill
ina State or nation. If this State were at the present
time over-run by skillful speakers, is it not probable
from what has been said, that there would be a much
more intelligent vote cast at the coming election than
will be under the present conditions? Many persors
who will now cast their votes without a thought, would
have been aroused to the importance of the subject and
have given it due consideration, The study of the ques-
—— SS En em = ame ——_—---———

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM,

tion to be voted upon, on the part of the voter, follow-

ing from an interest created in him by a speaker, would
result in a vote of the people of more decided character
than as though the voter had given the subject but little
thought. We would consider the vote of a court or
legislative body of much higher standing than that of a
‘body of shopmen or miners, Again, if able public
speakers Were numerous, presenting each side of the
subject under consideration, the people would take more
interest in drawing conclusions than they do with the
newspapers as the leading instructors, We take more
interest in having a thing teld to us than in reading it.
The verbal utterance lends interest to the subject.

Is it probable that the spirit which leads people to at-
tend public service on Sunday morning is that of devo-
tion in all eases? If an average audience were to ex-
press themselves on this subject, a large portion would no
doubt be found wanting in the spiritual motive, These
persons attend church because of the charms of oral dis.
course, which are found wanting if the sermon be taken
- from newspaper or book.

With all the subjects to be treated in the future and
the great results to be wrought out, it would seem that
there was plenty of room for public speakers. What
preparation are the people making for these speakers?
Are they preparing courses in their schools and colleges
‘for these future educators? To some extent they are.
‘In looking. through catalogues of important colleges of
this country it will be found that only one or two
courses of the ten or fifteen courses taught, teach the
subject of elocution, To say so much is pleasing, for
at’ the beginning of the eighteenth century elocution
was hardly thought of in a college course. This would
indicate a demand for public speakers. As the public
speakers increase in number their effect will be felt
more. by the public. That this effect may be of the
best kind it would seem that there ought to be a thor-
ough course of instruction in the leading colleges of this
country. When we consider the amount of preparation
required on the part of the young Greek and Roman
orator of past ages, are we not led to the same conclu-
sions? In looking back over the history of the world it
will be found that there are natural born orators; those
who speak clearly, distinctly and impressively without

any great amount of exertion on their part, while there j

are others who have acquired the art by hard study and
practice. Seeing the necessity of orators and public
speakers, who have met with a moderate degree of suc-
cess, it is sincerely hoped that the people of this country
will not trust to chance for their future speakers, but
will prepare thorough and complete courses of instruc-
tion in elocution throughout principal colleges of this
country,

Professor Edward Olney, of the university of Michi-
gan, whose death was announced recently, was one of

the ablest mathematicians in the country.

Intellectual Character.

H, H. WINDE, ECLECTIC SOCIETY.

It is evident that, when a young man leaves a school
ora college he should be something as well as know
something. To be able to give his knowledge of a
thing an intelligent and practicable application is quite
as essential as to know all about thatthing. His success
in dealing with the facts of the world, that confront him
on entering an active life, depends largely upon the fac.
ulty he has of organizing thought into actions and facts,

Tastes and aptitudes are the gifts of Providence to all
human beings. The age in whicha man lives demands
that these qualities should be cultivated—developed into
pertect traits and accomplishments, In the craze to gain
an education—to cram their brains with learning—stu-
dents too often ignore the needs of other parts of their

| being, thus crippling themselves to such a degree that

their efforts are of no avail. Others convert their heads
into vast reservoirs into which information is poured
from every source. When the time comes for these men
to pour out anything they show a decided lack of dis-
tinctness and detiniteness. ‘They have taken in much,
but from the tangled mass little can be produced, A
few things are clear, the rest cannot be recognized. In
these cases the student overloads the mental constitution,
separates conception and sentiment from the power to

| act, weakens character, and comes out an imbecile instead

of an accomplished man or genius, Such men coming
in contact with a really live man, feel their souls in-
wardly wither and all their boasted acquisitions fall
away.

How much greater is the rank, the honor to be a mov-
ing will, a power, a man, than one of the world’s thou-
sand characters prating with feeble voice on great
themes, or a living form without active substance, ‘To
develop a positive intellectual character a different course
must be taken. Pure sentiments are the base of good
and great ideas, and ideas when sufliciently enriched to
constitute a permanent good are the substance of intel-
lectual character.

Some people entertain the erroneous notion that great
men have their “greatness thrust upon them,” So far
as wealth and certain honors are concerned this, in some
cases, is true, but when it comes to that greatness de-
noted by intellectual character the falacy of the idea is
at once apparent. No man is born an inventor or a
philosopher. Such men “achieve their greatness,”
They labored with head and hand to gain that excellence
which now crowns their efforts. Inventors, discoverers,
ete., no doubt had a capacity for the thing which has
secured their distinction. A little cultivation caused
these capacities to take the nature of a feeling and this
in turn that of a certain tendency for an object. By
carefully concentrating and deepening this tendency it
grew into a sentiment. Love for a certain object is
now shown. The sentiment swells under impulse and
imagination until it breaks out as one of those queer
P THE

COLLEGE

SPECULUM.

things—an invention or a discovery. Do such men run
upon the truth by luck or accident, or is it manly effort
that has done the work?

The philosophers Aristotle and Bacon possessed apti-
tudes which were educated into powers that made those
men what they were. Every man has these qualities in
some form or other. They need only development to
cause them to yield “ten or ahundred fold.” A person
need never depend upon nature to cast her secrets before
him in the form of glorious gifts, She offers opportun-

ities to gain great and noble objects but at the same |
/ secure their rights in this manner,

time imposes duties which must be performed; they can-
not be evaded. The steam she caused to rise before
Fulton’s eyes was but an invitation to plow the Hudson,
but she did not make the steamboat.

Man’s aim in life should be alegitimate one.. Around
this aim to be collected words and actions that shall

stand out as prominent as a ledge of rock. Like the |

character of Washington, let every action in private or
in public, in peace or in war he embodied in one’s
nature. He stamped every part of his life’s work with
«George Washington.” Though we may not hope to
gain the renown of that general we can stamp our
actions and words with a characteristic mark.

—aee

The American Laborer Should Enter Politics.

N. 3. MAYO, PHI DELTA THETA FRATERNITY:

—

At the present time one of the most important ques-
tions before the people of this and other countries, is the
question of labor. How to allay the present discontent
_ of the laboring classes and prevent the outbreaks and
strikes that are momentarily expected,

Strikes are admitted, both by employer and employe,
to be disastrous, not only to the financial interests of
both, but to the moral of the community and the best
interests of society.

History teaches us that wherever and whenever the
laborer has secured a place in the legislative body of a
city or state, it has been the dawning of an era which
has secured to the laborer the right of citizenship, equal-
ity before the law, and other inalienable rights, without
the necessity of resorting to strikes and violence.

In 1254, for the first time in history, two masters of
guilds were elected as members of the town council of
Leipsic, and, though during the next two centuries they
were persecuted and oppressed, they were finally vic-
torious and their rights were recognized by the aristoc-
racy.

When the laborer enters politics it will give him
something to occupy his attention beside the harangue
of anarchists and radical reformers, and the anarchist
would lose his influence, It will give ignorant for-
eigners some idea of the value of the ballot and how to
use it, .At present they think if they are in a free
country they can do as they see fit without the least
regard to the rights and privileges of others,

As soon as the laborer has a voice in public affairs he

will find he must educate himself in order to properly
discharge the duties which devolve upon him. It will
not only raise himself in his own estimation, but in the
estimation of others, and will narrow the gulf that
seemingly exists between the two classes of society,
The ballot is the great and legitimate power of the -
laborer against his oppressors. The laboring classes
have a majority of votes, are rapidly becoming organ-
ized ancl united, they hold meetings where they can
discuss political subjects and plan for the necessary leg-
islation, and the time is not far distant when they will

Very few people are aware how rapidly the laboring
element is gaining in political strength, and many would
be surprised to learn that in the present legislature of
Michigan there are forty, members of labor organiza-
tions, excluding grangers, who are organized and can
defeat any bill contrary to their interests.

In the past when the laborers have sought redress in
politics, political leaders made labor speeches, wrote
labor articles, and put labor planks in their platforms,
which, as soon as the labor vote was secured, were
merely dead letters. ‘The laborers are now aware that
they can expect nothing from old parties, and their only
hope is in a new one. The great trouble is that they
cannot agree upon what they want themselves. When
they can make their wants known in a clear and decided
platform, they will merit and receive the support of all
honest, conscientious laborers who seek to better their
condition in a fair and legitimate manner.

2 a Ba

RY T.. TW. RAILEY, JH.

* * #* # * The wild red currant is a shy plant,

nearly always growing singly. One most frequently
meets it about the borders of cold swamps, but here it
grows in the dry, sandy loam. As I pick its little
racemes of poor, almost inedible berries, [ can scarcely
believe it to have been the parent of the Victona and
Fay of our gardens. Here is an example of wonderful
modifications brought about through the influence of
man, and that, too, in the latter half of the world’s his- ~
tory. Our currants have been developed from the wild
red currant of Northern Europe since the Aryan migra-
tions, if not, indeed, wholly during the Christian era.
They were not brought from “ The cradle of the human
race” as were apples and some other fruits. The spe-
cies is widely distributed in Northern countries, inhabit-
ing all Northern Europe and Siberia, as well as our
Northern borders and the Canadian provinces. Even
in Finmark it is said to make an annual growth of
twenty inches. As I find it, it is a low bush, two to
three feet high, rarely much spreading from the base,
each cane bearing from one to five clusters of fruit,
THE Co

beneath a terminal crown of leave
following modifications have taken place: The plant has
been increased in size and vigor; it has been inured to
open fields and more southern climates: the flower clus-

ries have become much larger, their flavor is improved,

varied to streaked and even almost pure white; the

time of ripening has been made to vary, What other |

improvement can the most sanguine cultivator desire?
Our wild red currant, however, appears to be some-
what different from the European plant, from which
our currants have come. The veins on the leaves are
whiter, and, according to Dr. Gray, the fruit is more
inclined to turn upwards on the raceme. These are
probably geographical peculiarities which may in the

course of time develop into specific rank. Such minor

characters, due to environment wholly aside from those |

bolder variations visibly due to latitude and climate, are
very common in plants. Minute comparisons of our
wild plants with the same species as they occur else-
where in the world, nearly always disclose such minor
variations. In short, | have litthe doubt that if an
observer could know critically in their native haunts
both the foreign and native plants he would find subtle
but wholly characteristic differences between all of them.
We need to study our plants in the field rather than in
the herbarium to acquaint ourselves with their entire
history, and their habits. The contrast between our
wild red currant and the wild red currant of Europe,

unobservable in the herbarium, is an illustration in
pont, * * # # # # #

Botany in the Department of Agriculture.

HY A. A. CROSIER,

The first botanist was appointed about seventeen years
ago, soon after the separation of the department from
the patent office; at the same time the herbarium of the
Smithsonian Institution was transferred to the depart-
ment. The herbarium now contains most of our native
and many foreign flowering plants, and an extensive
collection of cryptograms. No exact estimate of the
number of species represented can be given until the
catalogue now in course of preparation is completed.

The working force of the division consists of the

botanist and his assistant, the chief of the mycological |

section and an assistant, and five others engaged in —

Plants are daily | plete absorption in whatever business they may be en-

‘for identification or contribution to the herba- | gaged.

mounting, drawing, cataloguing, etc.
receiv
rium, and large numbers are distributed to other herba-
riums in this and foreign countries.
published of duplicates on hand for distribution, and of
species which are wanting, or represented only by
imperfect specimens. Much of the correspondence
relates to grasses, of which the botanist has made a
specialty, and several valuable publications have been

LLEGE SPECULUM.

A list is to be |
_ use his mental powers.

7

a

& In cultivation the | sent out regarding the grasses of the western plains,

| and the species best adapted to different localities. The
| work in the mycological section relates chiefly to in-

| jurious fungi, contributions relating to the grape and
ters have become more numerous and larger: the ber. |

potato rots being in preparation for the forthcoming

| Feport. Next season it is expected to add largely to
and they ripen simultaneously, or nearly so, in the same

cluster; the color of the berries has in some varieties |

the collection of cultivated plants in the herbariun, both
of typical specimens and of those showing the modify-
ing influence of different conditions of growth.

A RECENT number of Science notices some prelimi-
nary results obtained by Dr, J. Loch in a new line of
experiment. The doctor is working upon the problem

of the quantitative estimation of the relation between

physical and psychical activity.

Using a dynamometer he records the maximum grip;
then while engaged in some mental work, he repeats
the test, and finds that the latter grip is much less power-
ful than the first, and the difference varies according to
the more or less difficult nature of the mental process,
One instance given is as follows: The maximum grip
give a depression of 85°, while multiplying numbers
under 10 the depression was 819. Numbers between
ro and 20 only 35°, and when the numbers were be-
tween 20 and 20 the depression was only 14°. This
experiment shows a rapidly decreasing muscular effort,
as the mental exertion was increased.

Though the results obtained by the doctor may not
be of specific value, a moral of practical value may
be drawn from the idea upon which he is working.

Hard brain work and hard hand work can not be
carried on at the same time, if attempted one or the
other will be poorly done. Hence the necessity of —
concentrating all our faculties upon the work in hand,
Whether the work be mental or physical, throw aside
all thoughts of anything outside the particular task at-
tempted. He who can most thoroughly do this will the
sooner achieve the end aimed at.

When the body is exhausted by violent physical exer-
tion the brain can not be in condition for effective work,
because the vital forces are directed towards the renewal
of the loss sustained. Hard and long continued brain
work will unfit one for good work of a physical char-
acter for the same reason. Following a few hours of
mental work, on which all energy has been concentrated,
a definite amount of physical labor is refreshing and
from it one can return to study invigorated and better
able to do effective work.

The tendency of Americans generally is toward com-

The hard thinker thinks continuously, and
pays no attention to the exercise of his body, and the
man who works with his hands has little inclination to

The relation between brain and body is a close one;
the influence of the one upon the other is reciprocal,
and when men realize that an alternation of mental

work with physical is for their good, and will practice
8

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

=e

this alternation, they are on the right road to advance-
ment. Such a course is conducive to better health,
longer life, and to greater and better results from their
labor whether it be mental or physical.

Iw the Electrical World of March ryth, is a descrip-
tion and design of an air pump devised by Mr. A. B.
Worth of Greenpoint, L. 1. The valves instead of being
worked by the expansive force of air, which as complete
exhaustion is approached is very slight, are operated by
electricity. By means of electro magnets fixed at the
bottom of the chamber the valves are worked positively
by the passage of the current and very complete ex-

haustion is effected.

Tur CoLLeGE SPECULUM.
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY AUGUST, OCTOBER APRIL AND TURE

BY THE STUDENTS
Or Tur MicuicaAN STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.

Teems, 50 CeNTS A YEAR; S{XGLE NOMEERS, 15 Cents
ADVRETISING RATES MADE KHOWH ON APPLICATION

All subseriptions will be reganied as continged unless we are notl-
fie bo the cominary. .

BOARD oF DIRECtTéenrsa.

UNION LITERARY SOcrETY.

Cc. B. WALDRON, Editor-in-Chief, Literary Articles, Editorials
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY,

age alumnus is a difficult individual to locate. The
Irishman’s flea is a steady-going creature by the side of
him.

We send the paper to him at one address looking:
implicity and calmly for a little remittance, when sud-
denly a letter from another quarter tells us that he has.
effected a change of base and would like to know what
crime he has committed that he has not received the
last few copies of the SPECULUM,

Any one can see at a glance the beauty of the situa-
tion and when it is of frequent occurrence the effect is
delightful. It gives the business manager the literary
advantage that comes from an extensive correspondence.
We would suggest that more of the correspondence
with the alumni be unsolicited on our part.

Even if your subscription is up and you have never
moved in your life, an occasional letter from you would
be very acceptable. It has been our aim to make the
personal department as large and interesting as possible
and if we have failed, we hope that you who have re-
mained in silence will bear at least a part of the blame.
You who left the M. A, C, only a short time ago are
strangers to the present students in a degree you would
hardly realize till you came back to look again at the
old familiar places,

Your name on the list of subscribers is all the land-
marks that we have of you as the waves of student-life
roll on.

We would be glad to be brought into a closer rela-
tion with you than is to be attained by a mere business.

| interest,

Cc. 5. CRANDALL, . - . - - Science |
ECLECri¢ sOciRTy,
Rk. W. McCULLOCH, « " : - College News |
PHI DELTA THETA FRATERNITY.
IRVING BATES, a * . - Athletics

FRATERNITY.

Colleges and Exchanges
OLYMPIC SOCIETY.

Oo. C. WHEELER, - “= = = =

DELTA TAU DELTA
J. N. ESTABROOK -

Personals

A. B, CORDLEY, " - " Business Mannger
Fror. 5. JOHNSON, - : - «

ee —- en

Treasurer

AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH., APRIL 1, 1887.

Our financial condition suggests that we buttonhole
our subscribers for a quiet litttle chat in hopes of induc-
ing them to note a few pressing if not interesting facts,
and to render to the SPECULUM its just and much needed
dues.

When the present board were permitted to assume
control they found they were also kindly allowed to
work down a debt of sixty-eight dollars due to our
accommodating printer. (We hope that worthy gentle-
man will credit us with this compliment as it looks as
thouch he would not have a chance te credit us with
anything else soon. )

The low subscription price of the Sprcutum makes
it necessary that all dues should be promptly paid, Of
course there is little difficulty of collecting of the stu-
dents at the college, or even of the alumni, if we could
find them. Experience tells us, however, that the aver-

‘the country,

Brief accounts of your travels, your fast growing
fortunes, or your’ nurseries, populous with their tow-
headed hopefuls, would all be gratefully received.

Their interest would not be confined to those whom
you knew at college. We who are now here would
derive much pleasure and perhaps benefit from the
perusal of wayside notes taken by those who have
stepped out into the world under circumstances that we
must soon experience,

Te os mec

By a recent act of congress an annual appropriation
of $15,000 was granted to each agricultural college, to
be used in conducting experiments.

The advantage and economy of experiment stations
are being recognized by all. The reason that experi-
ments have not been made before this time is clear.
The appropriations made by the different State Legisla-
tures for that purpose have been irregular, insufficient
and uncertain.

By means of the incoming system cach State has a
certain definite amount that can be applied to experi-
ments in certain lines while another State may experi-
ment in different lines as suits her different conditions.
In this way a system of experiments can be carried out
that will be of untold value to the farming classes of
We should not grow impatient if direct
results, as experiments on which to fix laws that will be

2
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM,

9

certain, must extend through a series of years. With
the co-operation that is being planned, we see no reason
why agriculture and agricultural colleges should not
receive a new impetus from this generous impulse,

We had expected to hear opposition to a scheme
invelving such an outlay from shortsighted agriculturists,

but we were quite surprised to find one of our sister |

colleges decrying a project that seems to us to be
wholly in our favor, We quote the following from the
Delaware Collewe Review,

* + &
appropriation a good thing for the college, It is not
so. We believe that as more attention is paid to the
agricultural course and less to the scientific and classi-
cal, so will the college retrograde. We believe it to be
a mistake to mix farming as an art with a general
college eclucation,

* #* #* Take the agricultural students we have
here now. They have not the influence nor can they
command the respect and consideration for their opini-
ons that the students of the arts and sciences can. They
are looked upon as kind of tabooed, and they them-
selves feel out of place. Take the scientific student of
last year when agricultural branches were a part of that
course, Tt was looked upon as a sort of crime among
the boys to have been guilty of studying stock feed-
ing, drainage, how crops grow, ete. Now we ask
frankly, how can any course of study prove successful
where such a feeling exists against it in the college
itself? So much for the internal evidence of the
utility of the agricultural course. Now for the external
evidence: Let us take a look around among our
brother colleges.

that has a curriculum similar to ours?
the prominent colleges—agricultural? Ah, no!
one has risen to prominence where the arts and sciences
were chiefly taught while the promotion of agriculture
was the confessed object of the institution. Nay, we
will say more; not one has risen to any degree of
prominence, in comparison with art scientific
schools that has ever been known to the world as an
agricultural college.”

ancl

Now if our dear sister will kindly listen to a few
words from one of her “ brother colleges * we will try
and point out fairly a few short-comings in the editorial
from which we quote. We hope to be excused if we
use our own college as a living example to qualify, if
not to deny some of the statements in the Aeview,

“One would think that we considered the | Hifie agriculture,

Europe without the payment of fees, even though they
have degraded themselves by the study of the growth
of plants and feeding of animals, seems to indicate fur-
ther that that dread appellation “agricultural” has still
allowed our light to.shine forth a little,

We understand from the Aevéew that the agricultural
anid scientific courses at the Delaware College are sepa-

| Tate. Not wishing to criticise their curriculum it seems

to us as though such an arrangement would defeat the

object of agricultural colleges, that object being sefen-

ay

To turn to our example, with us the
two courses referred to have ever been one and the
same, and it is the natural thing to sec a man with his
diploma step forth with as much reliance and training
as any scientific school can give in four years, notwith-
standing the fact that only a short time before that same

| man might have committed the impropriety of pruning

_ an apple tree or making a fence.

True, farming as an art cannot reach perfection in
connection with a college course, a lifetime will hardly
suliice for that.

The true object, then, of agricultural colleges is to
teach the sciences in a thorough manner, and show their
application to the various opperations connected with the
tillage of the soil, This object may be broadened and
modified to suit the means or tastes of each college.

English literature is not directly connected with prac-
tical agriculture, but its study is of as much benefit to
the man that does the farming as it would he to that
man with any other calling, The same might be said

of many other of our branches that tend to the direct

improvement of the farmer rather than of the farm.
If the classics are,in the opinion of any college, best

Can any one point out to usa single successful college adapted for this, all right, but we think with the ene

What are. all |
Not |

that itis a bad policy to keep them separate at the same
college. In an agricultural college let the agricultural
student have the advantage of all that is taught and
make «// of the students agricultural students. Then
no one will be looked upon its + tabooed,” except he

‘aavheo shirks his part.

Being the pioneer agricultural college of the United |

States we are certainly entitled to the deference that
receives. As many of our alurnni fill important posi-
lions in prominent colleges and other places where a
thorough scientific education is required, we felt quite
slighted on finding that the Afeview made no exception
in our case when it said that no agricultural college had
risen to prominence. The fact that our graduates are
ddimitted! to scientific sehools in this country and in

We can say frankly from what we see about us every

| day that in such a college the students act their part

with a dignity and energy that ts not to be surpassed,
The Afevfew makes the safe assertion that “all the prom-
inent colleges” are not agricultural, Wecan make one
just as safe in saying that all the prominent colleges are:
not purely scientific nor classical, but some are honestly
proud of the title, agricultural college.

a =

Tue study of history at this college should receive
more attention, ‘There ts a strong sentiment, especially
with the alumni, that the state law should be so amended
as to require an examination in United States history as
a qualification on entering. The object of the present
statute is to require examination only in those branches
taught in common schools, While this is no doubt wise
it would seem that an examination in history might be
required and the object of the law still adhered to.
THE COLLEGE

10

There might have been a time when a boy of sixteen or
eighteen could be deficient in the knowledge of United

deficiency in the line of history.

States history and still have valuable material in him on |

which to build a college education.
ever, when historical sketches by able writers are found

in dozens of magazines and periodicals, and even in | T
g responded to the toast, * The boys who left the College

dailies, we think a college would lose little in turning a
deaf ear to applicants of not enough enterprise to learn
something of the history of their own land. But this
is not all. Instead of the one term of history which
comes before students have got into the wily of study,
we should, if possible, devote a year toits pursuit. The
general advantage to be derived from the study of his
tory is too well established to need comment here,
Bacon has said, “Histories make men wise,” and he
might almost have added that men can become wise hy
no other means,

No one with any claim to scholarship can be entirely
lacking in the knowledge of history, We do not refer
to a knowledge of mere historical facts but to an uncder-
standing of the great social, economic and religious
problems that have been worked out in the past and
have such an influence on the civilization of to-day. It
cannot be said of any intelligent person that he has 10
taste for such study. If one enjoys culture and progress
to any extent, if he enjoys life and thought, he must
certainly have a liking for history when studied in the
right manner. By what other means can we obtain
data from which to work out the social and financial
problems that are brought so forcibly to our notice? The
man that can solve the questions of the hour with a
quick determination ts the one that will make the most of
life. No one is so well fitted for this as he who has
gleaned from history’s pages the motives and results of
human actions in all conditions of men. Truly we are
theirs to all the ages” and the annals of the world,
with careful study on our part, reveal our glorious inher-
itance in all its beauty and value. But there is a phase
of this question that concerns us, in our relation to the

college, even more directly.
studies, constitutional law and philosophy of history, that
are practically worthless to one who is not well enough
acquainted with the facts of history to form a basis for
an intelligent study of those branches.

English literature, one of the most important elements
of our course, can not be studied to advantage without
a considerable knowledge of history. The practical

questions of a more extended course in history is the
most difficult one to meet. Our time is so completely
taken up that it would be nearly impossible to enlarge our
There
might be certain courses of reading required with an

course except at the expense of something else.

occasional meeting of the class to insure thoroughness,
but even this, with the labor system and military, would
be more than could be well accomplished.

Perhaps a little experimenting on this head, coupled
with wisdom and experience in arranging college work,

In this day, how- |
| Tonia Co,, on the first evening of the year, Hon, F, B,

| battle of life.”

SPECULUM.

a ie rs ee

would suggest to the authorities a scheme to supply our

Ar the reunion of the Agricultural College boys of

Morse, an old M. A. C. boy, and a one armed soldier,

to fight for their country, may their example be an in-
spiration to the boys who leave the College to fight the

‘listened to with the eager earnestness that it well

deserved, the honorable judge touched upon a point that

met our hearty approval. He suggested that it would

| be fitting to establish a memorial in honer of the boys

that fought fer their country and were left dead upon
her fields, Surely we should not forget our heroes, and
what heroes could be more dear to us or worthy to be
remembered, than they that left the green old campus
to which we are so much attached, and marched to fields
whose green was to be dyed with their blood. Their
patriotism was of so noble a quality that their lives

were freely given; let ours not be so inferior as to allow

theirs to be wholly forgotten, On that spot where their
thoughts turned while trudging on in the long weary
march, or while they lay wounded and dying on the
battle-seorched fields of Gettysburg, let there be erected
some “frail memorial” that shall “implore the passing
tribute of a sigh.” How many of the students of to-
day have any tea as to the names or numbers of those
who left the College to “keep step to the music of the
Unien?” Surely there are not many, and it is te our dis-
eredit that this can be saicl.

We naturally look to the alumni for a start in this
matter, anc all of you that have offerings to make or
plans to propose will gratify the SeecuLuM by announce.
ing these plans, ancl you may be sure we will make

them known to all of our subscribers,

We hope the time will come when remarks regarding

Qur course embraces two | the treatment ef visitors, and especially lady visitors,

will be out of order, The action thitt we noted this
term on the part of some of the lower classmen indi-
cates that that time is still in the future. If there is one
clement that entitles man to his high position, that ele-
ment is chivalry, and if those — (a blank will
describe them) that lack this element could know how
despised and distrusted they are by the mass of students,
they would make amends for their meager human
endowments by keeping quiet on all occasions.

[t is no honor to uD community lo allow public opin-
ion to be outraged, and a stop should be put to it, even if
it must be done at the ex pense of peace. Small credit
to any people that do not come out energetically and
fearlessly in defense of this right for fear of creating 4
disturbance. Our character in a public sense lies with us
as much as does our private character, and we hope to
see it defended with a vigor that will be remembered
by those who persist in flaunting at it by insulting ovr
visitors,

In the course of his speech, which was
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

tl

Progasiy every one has noticed the recent rreat
number of newspaper comments, particularly in the |
Detroit press, regarding the demagnetization of watches. |
It is looked upon as a remarkable discovery. It is |
difficult for some to praise enough the great men that |
have kindly consented to reverse the mysterious laws of |
nature in order that the indispensable watch may |
perform its allotted task. |

Of course this manipulation of nature’s forces can not |
be done gratis, but then the owner of a watch does not |
mind an expense of two or three dollars when the
value of his favorite timer is entirely restored, Not
wishing to lessen the fame of these applauded persons
nor dampen the ardor of their applauders we will say
that the process of demagnetizing watches has been
practiced at the college for some time. The process
consists in placing the affected watch in an electric coil
and allowing a current to pass which is rapidly reversed
fifteen or twenty times by means of a commutator,

Of course the current must be shut off before the watch |

is temoved. We have seen watches treated thus that
were, a8 their owners represented it, “deader than hay,”
but after receiving the treatment they would come out
speaking their gratitude in ticks as regular as one could

wish to hear.

REVIEWS.

MAPLE SUGAR AND THE SUGAR BusH—By A. J. Cook. Published
by A. T. Root, Medina, Ohio, Forty-one large pages with dauble
elumns, Price 45 cents; by mail qa cents. Pamphlet.

The above work was prepared and published during the winter
vacation, and explains by text and illustrations the lest modern ape |
paratus and methods of making first class syrupand sugar. Scarce-
ly any one who makes these delicious sweets can afford to do with:
out this valuable work, which is the only one of the kind in this
eouttry that we have ever heard of.

The volume treats of the struébure of the tree, flow” of sap,
inseéts injurious to maples, the chemistry of the subject, and modes
of marketing the produét, It is an excellent little work and a
credit to the author, We should like it better if on the back of the
title page the cut of the leaf and print were turned over in a natural
drooping position to correspond with that of the flowers on the same
sheet, We notice the same thing on page 6 also, this was doubtless

| ltportant.

an oversight on the part of the printer. A few other little criticisms

might be made, but they are of trifling importance and do not affect |
| the best of satisfaction,

Lhe thain usefulness of the work.
As the professor, through his employes manufactures syrup, we

should be better able to speak from practical experience of the ©

workings of his plans, had he sent os a gallon of his “strictly pure
maple syrup,"

Grasses oF NortH America FOR FARMERS AND STUDENTS—
Comprising chapters on the physiology, composition, selection,
improving, cultivation, management of grass lands ; also chapters
on clovers, injuriows inseéts and fungi. By W. J. Beal, M.A.,
M.S., Ph.D. Twelve mo., pp. 457. Published by the author.

Price $2.50.

This ig the most complete effort yet made towards a popular yet
eclentific discussion of American agrostology. The great impart-
ance of the grasses and clovers in our agricultural economy, and
the faét that farmers in general, and chairs of agriculture as well,
have given them little study, are excuse enough for the preparation
of this volume, In faét,itisatimely volume. It should be in the
hands of every student of agriculture.

The first chapter, comprising some over forty pages, is devoted
to the struéture and development of grasses, while a succeeding
chapter discusses classification, nomenclature and methods of study.

= -_ mr

In these chapters the unpra¢ticed student is instru¢ted in the ele-
ments essential to the careful study of grasses in general. In the
chapter on ‘Grasses tor Cultivation,” the subject finds its greatest
expansion. The leading species are discussed both botanically
and culturally, and each one is illustrated by a full page plate
drawn from life, The care of grass lands, making of hay, and kind-
dred topics are discussed at length. The chapter on weeds, illus-

| trated with cute of seeds often sown with grass seed, is novel and

It opens a field of economic investigation almost
entirely new to this country, Extended and fully illustrated chap-
ters on insects and fungi injurious to grasses and clovers are con-

| tributed respectively by Professor A. J. Cook and Professor Wil-
; liam Trelease.

Aside from the careful tone of the volume, two features demand
especial notice. One is the very extensive series of quotations
from authorities in all parts of the country. This adds to the force
of the statements and renders the volume cosmopolitan in its char:
acter. The other feature is the original character of the draw-
ings. It has been too much the custom with our book makers to
use illustrations from foreign works, or even from domestic works.
To this practice is no doubt largely due the disfavor in which our
scientific publications are held in the old world, For this volume
the drawings have been made from life for this occasion.

Asecond volume, to comprise a description of all the grasses of
North America, is in preparation. The author has given the study
of grasses a careful attention for many years, and has come to be
regarded as our best authority upon their general and economic
features. L. H. B, Je.

COLLEGE NEWS.

ee eT

Well, what did you do last winter?
Williams Hall has a new hard wood floor,
So are the seniors,
The mechanical students now make their own blue prints,

Senior tiles" are somewhat scarce.

The College now has a glee club with about twenty members.

There will be a new iron bridge over the Red Cedar river this
year.

The three acres east of the apple orchard will be set to Russian
apples.

The College has a new ice house with twice the capacity of the
old one.

Frof. Cook lectured in New Vork, Ohio and Wisconsin during the
winter.

The soph's who take botany do not work on the farm more than
three days in five.

One of the finest Shropshire rams in the state is to be found on
the College farm.

Considerable additions will this year be made to the plum, pear
and cherry orchards.

The feeding of ensilage on the farm this year continues to give

Rumor says that Prof. McLouth and Prof. Frank Kedzie are gét-
ting up a work on physics.

Mr. Knapper is somewhat elated over the prospect of having the
roof of his residence raised.

It is too bad Sergeant Conger was not bere a few days ago, 30 as
to head off some rough weather, ,

Sec. Reynolds attended all the institutes and with his reports,
ete., has been as busy as the busiest.

The pasture north of Prof. Johnson's house will be set out to
peaches, including a Chinese species.

Prof, Bailey spent some of his time studying German, but did
not neglect to do something on sedges.

The Mechanical Department is to construct the iron signals which
are to be placed on the railroad trains.

It is rumored that one of our worthy seniors is married.
true, it ought not to have “ Ben.” kept secret.

Mr. VanBuskirk, of Harrisville, steams red clover hay for his store
hogs, and they eat it up clean and thrive well.

If it is
Iz

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

——— a= Sie amt
i tale ea

There are now in fursery rows, in the garden 2§0 varletics grow-
ing, and at least as many more will soon be added.

—

The President expresses himself as gratified at the increased
attendance at chapel both on week days and on Sunday.

The Horticultural Department is now growing sixty kinds of
hybrid grapes which have never been pot on the market.

Pres, Willits and Dr, Grange went to Chicago to look upon pleu-
ro-poneumonia, in the interest of the breeders of the state,

Professor in Horticulture—How do you prepare the soil for the
planting of trees? Student—Pulverize the bottom of the hole,

Some change will have to be made in the list of College officers in
our catalogue, for two whose nantes appear there have now become
ore,

One essayist at the Farmers Institute at Grayling said it was a
poor plan to cultivate potatoes with a shot gun, and fish-pole and
lime,

Mr. C. G. Pringle discovered a new genus of grass, in TES, bo
which Prof. Scribmer of Washington, gaye the name Bealia Amer-
cama,

The summer drive along the flats will be opened as soon as dry
weather begins.
grounds.

A cement testing machine, owned by the city of Lansing has been
loaned to the College, and will be used with good results by the
students.

Prof. R. C. Carpenter spent the winter at Cornell University and
evidently enjoyed himself, as he expects to make another visit there
next witker,

A bill has been introduced in the legislature to accept the appro-
priation in the so-called Hatch bill, of $15,000 a year, pursuant to
section @ of said bill, .

It will be ome of the most pleasant parts of the |

The huckleberry plantation south of the boiler house will be set.

with twenty different kinds of huckleberries, among which will be
tepresentatives from all over the country.

It is noticeable that the regular week day oration in chapel has a
tendency te call ont a nomber of students for whom the usual chapel
exercises did not offer enough attirvétion.

A testing machine for transverse strains is nearly completed ian
the shops. This will afford the students in engineering a chance ta
make actual trials of the strength of materials.

Prof, McLouth, president of the Dakota Agricultural College, yia-
ited] that institution durlig the wititer, anil expects bo make oe
more trip before he closes his connection with M. A.C.

The Horticultural Department will continue the tomate expreri-
ment. All the tomatoes of the world, about 130 s90rts, will be grown,
alse all the egg plants, peppers and onions of the world,

The Horticultural Department has a great many duplicate fruit
plants which it intends to donate to careful growers, and in this
way it can make the experiment station cover the whole state.

Two lathes for wood tutning, but made entirely of iron, are
approaching completion im the shops. They were designed by
Prof. Carpenter, and the patterns were constructed in the wood
shropys.

The principal subject of discussion at a late Faculty meeting was
economy al commencement, a subject which we predict, will in the
near future be more carefully comsidered by the students them-
selves,

Hon, Br. McNabb, of Freniont, Newavgo coutity, said at an imsil-
tute that the only objection he had to the mew process of threshi ie
corm with an ordinary threshing machine was that "Te spolled the
symmetry of the cob."

Lieut. Lockwood has returned from Europe. He spent most of
his time in Paris taking in the sights of the French capital, His
companion on the trip was an old college chum, and they no doubt
enjoyed themselves as only two such friends can. :

One feature of the present administration, which will no doube
have a good effect, is the custom adopted by the president of visit-
ing the dormitories te see that they are kept clean and homelike,
and that the rooms of the students receive the attention they
should,

j service are placed in the hands of the Bourd of Agriculture.

The experimental cattle on the Farm Department, representing
the Short Horn, Galloway, Holstein, Jersey, Hereford, and Devon
breeds, are doing very nicely. This experiment bids fair to be of
much practical benefit ta the breeders of the state,

Two hundred diferent kinds of strawberries can be found in the
garden, and by the way, it 4 expected that in the future students
will pick berries by the quart instead of by the hour—" Thus do we
see with sorrow, our oll established customs die away."

Pres. Wells, of the State Board of Agriculture, and Prof. Johnson
will attend the great Alexatider stock sale in Kentucky on the aret
of April, ta see whether or mot it will be advisable to make pur-
chases for the improvement of the stock on the College farm,

The annual cattle sale on the College farm this year was the most
successful whieh has vet been held, Thirty-two animals were gold
for an average of Siaa50 per head, making a total of $3,920, which
was Siz0 more than what the State Bowral tial figured on, as the
maximum proceeds of the sale,

The Borrd at its last meeting authorized the employment of
watchmen, as fre patrol, for the dormitories and other buildings,
vilil an approprition is made by the legislature for the ereétion of
suitable fire escapes. Foot atl Pagalson have been appointed as
pautrols ame will alternate their service.

During the May vacation it is intended to tear out the “ Fresh-
man Heaven in Collewe Hall, and so arrange the stairways that
there shall be a corridor on the first floor, The folding doars open-
ing inte the chapel will remain as they are, 80 that at Commence-
ment a larger audience can be accommodated than heretofore,

In the American Rural Home of March iath, 1887, we find the
fallawing, referring to the meeting of the Farmers’ Institute at
Ithaca, New York: "" Land Tenure and Agricultoral Limitation,"
by Hon. Edwin Willits, President of the Michigan Agricultoral
College. This was the great address of the Institute,”

Prof, Heal spent the first two months of the vacation on the gee-
oid volume of his work, Grasses of North America, the first volume
of which is now out, He also, beside attending the two regular
inslitutes, lectured at Collwater, at the institutes at Fitchburg ard
Delhi, and atthe State Dairyman’s Assoclation at Flint.

The young people of the Faculty, who remained at the College
thuring the winter, onranized a Friday Night Club, the meetings af
which were made interesting by literary exercises, mas querades,
ete. The evenings were spent at the houses of different members
of the Faculty, and anything which tended toward amusenent was.
resorted to, sa it is hardly necessary to say that the young folke
report a very pleasant time.

Among the productions of the mechanical shops are a three-horse
power engine made by James Campbell, quite a number of wooden
viihes, urns, efe., by Messrs. Pagelson ancl Axford, oleoa large case
for exhibiting the finey articles which may be turned out. Several
ofthe students are tow working ong wardrobe for one of the rooms
in College Hall, There are now eighteen kits of tools in the wood
siya it looks as though quite a number mere were needed.

The legislature has appropriated) between eight and alne thowsand

dellars for the stipport of a state weather signal service, for the cur-

rent two years, to be in commedion with the United States signal
service, by which Sergeant Conger has been detailed, with head-
quarters at the College, to hein OP ra lhons os Scena Acc eae a
lions Cah be furnished. The fund and conduét of the state signal
It is

supposed that Sergeant Conger will take charge of all instruction in

| meteorology, atd that students who shall elect so to do, will be

detailed to assist in observations and in making weather reports.

Have you visited the greenhouse yer? If mot, you have been miss-
ing one of the most attractive Moral displays you may ever have the
opportunity of seeing. The appenrance of the fowers this spring
certainly reflects great credit om the florist, especially when we
know that he has beew called upon almost continually, to furnish
bouquets lo members of the legislature and visiters from Lansing.
The principal lowers in blossom now are roses, the cineraria, calce-
laria and the lilium harisii, from Bermuda. While visiting the
greenhouse we had the pleasure of valing some of the fruit from the
moist pilus japanicus, which we think tastes much better than it
soi cis,
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

Chas. D. Pritchard i is sindying a at Ann Arbor.

S. E. Robinson is taking a classical course at Alblon.
H..T. French is now assistant professor of agriculture,
The horticulttural department has“ Dad" back again.
Everything has been quiet on the campus $0 far this term,

Mr. Wiseman spent a few days at Cornell during the winter.
j..T. Crabbs is bookkeeper in his father's store at Gibson City,
Tilinais.

Clayton Smith is supervisor of New Troy,
pet there,

The seniors in Horticulture have done a great deal of grafting
this spring.

‘i laty will always

Acertain professor's love for his students shows itself inversely |
j Hurried he, 30 none might see lin

Guide—O, that's Joe |

with his distance fram home,

Visitor=-What is that awful noise I hear?
Cotton yelling at the freshmen,

Prof. Abbott has been excused from duty until September by the
State board, with continuance of salary.

The Mechanical Department is rebuilding the old pump which
was aged at the College from 1869 to 1681.

Quite a number of the boys haye been taking in all the lectures
om the prohibition question that have delivered in the vicinity of
M, A.C.

Bertha A, Lapham is attending Hillsdale College, but spending
the spring vacation atthe M. A. C. She is accompanied by Miss
Charles, sister of Frank (Charles with ‘33,

During the winter, Mr. Crandall, foreman of the garden, made
a number of photomicrographs, and put up @ series of qo lantern
slides, showing different methods of grafting.

March 11th Prof. Blakie lectured before the students on “ How to
Get Strong.” The lecture was well received and it tended to
awaken in College a renewed interest in athletics,

The College is to have a flag-staff in front of the armory, which
was donated to the institution by Wm. Badcock, of England, once
with the class of '86, Wishing to show his appreciation of the ben-
efts received while here, he took this substantial way of remem-
bering the College.

The officers of the various societies are: Phi Delta Theta—Pres-
dent, D. P, Yerkes; secretary, B. K. Canfield. Delta Tau Delta—
President, J, H,. Wheeler; secretary, F. J. Clark. Union Literary--
President, H. L. Chapin; secretary, 0. Bannan. Olympic—Presi-

dent, G. L. Teller; secretary, F. N. Baker. Eclectic—President,
E. A, Burnett; secretary, —— Butterfield.

The class in sophomore botany this term is divided in two divis-
ions which alternately work two hours in the morning, and two
hours in the afternoon, In this way more students can be accom
modated than heretofore, since those who could not attend the
morning classes can attend regularly in the afternoon, and those
who wish to work every afternoon can attend the morning acesiatt.

The contraGors for the artesian well have gone down about eighty
feet with a six-inch bore, It is expected that the legislature will
appropriate $1,000 to cover the expenses of boring, and from $2,000
to $3,000 to extend the water works to all the buildings on the
grounds, so it is hoped that before the dry season begins we shall
have a full supply of wholesome water. for drinking and other pur-
poses ini all the halls,

Pres. Willits made Lansing his headquarters for the winter, occu-
Pying the room of the State Board of Agriculture in the capitol, as
his office, He delivered an address before the State Horticultural
Society in Grand Rapids, one before the Teachers’ Association at
Three Rivers, one near Mason at a Lecture Association, one at
Howell for the benefit of the M. E. Sabbath School, one before the
Justin Business College, and one at Cornell University, beside other
incidental speeches. He spent ten days in Washington looking
after the experimental station bill and other matters pertaining to
College interests. The remainder of the time, up to Jan. gist, was
spent in giving such information about the college as might be
desired by members of the legislature.

| sided at the Farmers’ Institute held in his town last winter,

15

The SPECULUM takes pleasure in announcing that Mr. H. T.
French and Miss Carrie M. French were married at Lansing on
Nov. e7th, 46, and also that Prof. L. G. Carpenter and Mrs. M. J. C.
| Merrell went through a similar ceremony at Jackson on the 17th of
Feb, "57

Silence reigned im College halls;
Reigned with winter, cold and drear,
And the God of Wisdom wearied
Grew, of watching empty walls,

So toe boards of God-like cheer

Hied he then, nor even queried

Of himself, what might result.

Soon young Hymenaes saw hin,

As the giddy dance he whirled,

And withdrawing from the tumult

To this cold and sorrowing world,
To the spot Apollo—truant,
Once had loved and watched with care.
Then be looked about him aly,

- He, of plensure eer pursuant,
And he found four inertals there
Whom Apollo, old and wily
Had forgot to hide with care,
And he wound his nets about them—
Easy victims, all, were they,
Two were maidens young and fair,
Two were youths he caused to wed them;
Oh, what will Apollo say?

_ PERSONALS.

Prof. Geo, H. Harrower is still “studying "political economy at
Halle, Germany,

Mrs. 5.5. Rockwell, so long stewardess at the College, has re-
cently been seriously ill at her home in VYermontville, She ls now
thought to be convalescent.

Dr, Manley Miles, Professor of Agriculture at the College 1861-75,
is now located in Lansing, where he is studying bacteria, He gave
leftures at some of the Farmers! Institutes daring the winter, which
were most acceptable,

Geo. T. Fairchild, President of Kansas Agricultural College, and

! formerly Professor of English Literature at the M. A. C., is having

wonderful success. The appropriations for his school passed the
legislature without the least opposition, ~

Wim. H. Marston, Sreretary of the College 1873-75, was im attend-

| ance at the Farmers’ Institute at Three Oaks, where his litthe boy

| and girl delighted the audience with a song. Mr. Marston is chief
| State agent for one of the largest oll companies, and makes his
home at Grand Rapids-

Hon, O. Palmer, of Grayling, Crawford Co., was a student at the
college 1858-9, was in the Sixth U. 5. A. Sharp Shooters 1861-4. He
was inthe Legislature four years ago, He is a farmer and editor, and
takes a deep interest in the affairs of his part of the state. He pre-
He Is
the man who brought such severe criticiam on the College in early

| days by sowing an immense quantity of turnip sted on avery small

| plece of land. He said he did mot know any better, and President
Williams, when asked, would not tell him how much to The
president perhaps did not know, and had not yet learned how to
“paddle around” hard questions and referred the subject to some.
proper person who could give a correct answer.
CLASS "By.
Co ots was on the grounds March 23d.
SM. Millard is president of board of trustees of [inois Univer-

j sity,

Prof. W. W. Daniels is not only a very popular professor of chem-
istry at the Wisconsin University but is also superintendent of a
large farm-in the suburbs of Madison.

Class "67,

Richard Haigh, secretary of the College 1870-71, is now deputy
oil inspector of Kalamazoo county.
14

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

ee ee ems e

CLAss ‘dy.
Prof. Satterlee was on the grounds March 23d.

Capt. F. L. Barker at College 1567-70, is civil engineer at Fred-
erick, Crawford Co. The village and postoffice take his first name.
He owns three farms and has made some experiments with the dif-

ferent sorts of grasses and other things. He attended and took an
aétive part in the Farmers’ Institute held at Grayling last winter.

He hopes some day to send his boy tb the M, A. C.
CLASS "FO.

Chas. 5. Williams has recently lost his wife, and has two small
children to care for.

All of the old M. A, C. students will be rejoiced to hear that Chas.
W. Garfield has been appointed on the State Board of Agriculture.
The College is indebted to Gov, Luce for this good fortune.

CLASS "¥3. °

John P, Finley has again been justly honored by being placed at
the head of the International Signal Service Bureau. His headquar-
ters are at New York City.

CLASS "Sq.

Pres. C, L. Ingersoll, of Colorado Agricultural College, has had a
severe fight with the legislature during the past winter, but has won
every point at issuc.

Dr. J, Groner is a physician at Big Rapids. He has attracted
wide attention by his able researches in medical science.

CLASS '75-

A. A. Crane is a lawyer at Gaylord.

W. L. Carpenter suffered a logs this winter in the death of his
partner, Hon. Ovid N, Case. Mr. Case had just been elected to the
State legislature from Detroit for the second time.

Geo. A. Royce is assistant secretary of the state senate. It is
reported that the most eloquent address at the republican state
convention at Grand Rapids, was made by Mr. Royce in nominat=

ing the lievtenant governor.
H. P. Jenney is practicing law at Jeddo, Japan.
CLASS "76.
D. H. Kedzie is a printer at Elpaso, Texas.
Atwood McCormack is farming at McMillin, Chippewa county.

R. A. Clark has been doing valiant service for the prohibitory
amendment. Our graduates are usually found on the right side.

CLASS "FF.
W. ©. Fritz is farming at home,
#. Beverley, with 'y7, is teaching and working at the barber's
trade at Cassopulis,

He is well and prosperous.

CLASS 5.

W. 5. Holdsworth is teaching free hand drawing in the agricul-
tural course.

J, L. H. Knight is breeding Poland China swine, etc., on Pleasant
Hill stock farm at Lee's Park, Custer county, Nebraska.

J. C. Pardee is praised by the people of Berrien county as ote of
the most promising physicians in the State. We hear further that
he has a child,

Chas. C. Georgeson is Professor of Agriculture and Horticulture
at the Imperial College of Agriculture, Kaimaba, Takio, Japan.

is E. Case Harrington, of Oakland county, formerly of "74,

H. E. Emmons has removed to the foot of Second street, Detroit,
where he has much better facility for manufacturing his large busi-
ness.

E. D. A. Troe is farming at Armada, and is making a specialty
of Foland China swine,
the violin and sings the good old college songs.

F. W. Hastings is running as postal clerk on the G, R.& I. R. R.,
and does little jobs of surveying in hls odd weeks. He is not rich,

but has enough and can not complain of this world's fare.
(CLASS ‘74,
Roy Sessions is farming at Maple Bapids. He reports everything
lovely.

He says he is not married, but still plays |

N. P. Graham is in Fort Collins, Col., in search of the most prec.
joug of all man's desire, health, for which he has been in search

ever since leaving college.
C, B. Charles ig a prosperous farmer near Bangor, VanBuren Co,
He is engaged largely in the hay pressing business, and has pressed

qoo tons this winter.

prof, Louis G, Carpenter, of the Ag ricultural College, was married
at Jackson, Feb. 17th, to Mrs. Mary J. C. Merrill. We trust that
merry'll be the days of Carpenter and joiner.—| Moderator.

“Chas. F. Barnard, with ‘79, is a member of the firm of Reed &
Barnard, dealers in general merchandise, and breeders of Holstein

cattle at Stenwood,

A. A. Crozier, who has studied botany ever since leaving College,
is recognized as an authority as shown by his appointment to a re-
sponsible position in the department of agriculture at Washington,

Harry Wilcox is at Mastocden., We are unable to find owt just
what he is doing, but asthe majority of the M. A. C. boys are en-

| deayoring to climb the ladder of fame we expect Harry "will join

| the great majority."

CLASS "Rr.

Arthur Jones is now of the firm Clink & Jones, at Muskegon.

C.W. Clark has been re-elected secretary Orion Park Association,

C. A. Mills, with "Sr, is salesman in a general store at Coopeors-
ville. He has a wile and one child.

Alva Sherwood is foreman on the large farm of Mr. Warren at
Three Gaks. He purchased four head of cattle at our recent sale.

Sherman Upton, whose pencil used to be a never failing source of
amusement to the boys, is a student of art at Minneapolis, Minn,

Jason Woodman visited his Alma Mater last automnh. As ane
should expect Woodman is already looked up to by the farmers of.
his locality. Wealsohear that he is lecturer for the State Grange,

Wendell L. Simpson, U. 5. A, lwo years, with ‘Sr, was married
Met, roth, to Miss Marion Wood, at Piqua, Ohio.
The editor has received the following card:

LOUIS G, CARPENTER,
MES. MARY J. C. MERRILL,
Married.

Jackson, Michigan,
THURSDAY, FEDRUARY 17. [BSy,
Oe Ea TE

CLASS "Ba,

Will Hale was at the College March 23,

L. W. Hoyt was at the College a few days ago.

C. E. Plummer is in the fruit business at South Haven.

J. H. Kyle, with '@2, is a farmer and stock grower at Pontiac.

W, L. Snyder is chemist for the Michigan carbon works, Detroit,

J. &. Coulter is head clerk at the Capital Wagon Works, Lansing,
and a capital one he makes,

W. 5. Delano is deputy county clerk of Cherry county, Neb. He
expects to return to his farm at Lee's Point in March,

Fred. E, Delano “with "82 and dont you forget it," is holding
down chairs in Cherry county, Neb, We suppose this is the oceu-

ey.

| pation that was learned at College.
One of the best members of the present House of Representatives |

Jeff Irish is in the real estate business at Bittle Lake, Minn, He

| hath taken unto himself a wife and now rejoiceth in the prospects

joo the future.

———

2S

J. M. Smith is engaged in the dairy business at Watertown, N. ¥.
He was married in 1885 and now has a fine boy, If you don't believe
it come and see fhim,

Warren Gess lives near Bangor, VanBuren county, isa farmer
and is doing well. He has three children.

Cass ‘Sy.
A. L. Bemis, with ‘83, is traveling for the Owasso Tool Co,
Harty C. Nixon is a farmer and teacher at Sommerville,
F. F. Rogers is civil engineer at Marlette.

Sarah E. Wood was at the College during the fall term nursing the
sick, :
THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

15

0, C Howe took part in the Three Gaks Farmer's Institute, so
did Alva Sherwood,

W. A. Bablke is pradticing law at Alma. He has sticcessfully
prosecuted some Bohemian oat men and hankers after more.

Archie M. Emery is in the book and paper business, and to agaist
him and share his trials and tribulations, he has a partner—his wife,

Oliver 5. Bristol, with "83, was martied at Rochester, Mich., et.
sth, ta Miss Naomi Wilcox. After OCt. 15th they were at home at
Almont, Mich.

Chas. F, Lindsley taught near Brighton during the winter, but
expects to change his postoffice im the spring, also his family re-
lations,

C. M. Weed is First Assistant State Entomologist of MWinois, He
is also a trusted entomological correspondent of several leading
papers of the country,

John T. Mathews is practicing law at Ithaca, is doing nicely in
his work, but has concluded it unprofitable to practice without a
partner. He was married last fall.

A.C. Redding; Professor of Chemistry at Findlay College, de-
livered an admirable discourse on ‘' The Bible in the light of science
of to-day," in the Presbyterian church of that place. The discourse
has been highly pralsed by many.

W. B. Sage is a member of the VanBuren county board of school
examiners. He is teaching at Gobleville,

E, F. Law is at Brockway Center, principal of the schools.
EP. Clark is at Council Grove, Kansas,
CrLass ‘64.
W. FB. Roes, with "Sy, is cashier in John Webber's bank, Portland.
’ Fred Hodges is still studying medicine at Ann Arbor.
E. B. Walton, with "84, is farming at Dryden.
C, C. Lillle is local committee for the state teachers’ institute.

Roger C. Williams, with '85, is deputy county treasurer of Baraga’
county, His permanent location is at L'Anse.

W. 8. Northrop, with ‘85, since his health failed has been helping
his father on the farm at Lawrence, VanBuren county.

Hon. C. J. Monroe, M. 5. in ‘as, is how state senator for the second

time, He has been justly honored by being elected vice president
of the senate,

One of the editors received a letter the other day on the back of
which was written in lead pencil “H.C. Thomas, Israel.” The
conclusion is that Harry is running as mail agent on some railroad,
We should be very glad to see his face again at the M. A. C.

J-¥. Clark and P.G, Towar are canvassing in Wisconsin, P, G.
Towar is general agent.

T. OG. Hinebauch was graduated from Toronto Veterinary Col-

lege, March gith. He won the first prize in chemistry and took
ather lonors,

Crass ‘Se,
J. E. Hammond is teaching a graded school.
W. E. Gammon is at Dayton, Washington Territory.
E. G, Eldredge is teaching at Mackinac Island,
E. A. Whitney is studying law at St. Louis,
W. T. Welch is superintendent of St. Ignace schools,
W. 5. Launstein, Jr.,is salesman and collector at Milwaukee.
D. W. Bowser, with '86, is teaching and farming at Halton.
C. A. Judson is deputy county surveyor of Lucus county, Ohio,

H. L, Sexton, with '86, is a clerk in a wholesale drug store, Cleve-
land, (hia,

H. SN. Jenner has been studying medicine at Ann Arbor, but is
home how on account of poor eyes,

RK. W. Edling is clerking in his etep-father's drug store, and says

| the prospect is not very flattering for getting rich.

& N. McKee, with '&4, is at Crockston, Minn., and says be has |

made no mistake in going west.

W. MM. Adams, of Grand Rapids, has charge of that branch of the
Buckeye Machine Co.

Byron B. Lawer, with ‘84, was graduated at the Northern Indiana
Normal school in "S6in the sclentific course. He is now teaching
at Red Jacket.

in one of the principal drug stores in Detroit.

A.W. Sutton was married (M41, 23, 1556, t0 Miss Dora Russell, of
Canandaigua. J. E. Hammon, BR. J. Coryell, and W.R. Rummiler
were present,

R.J. Coryell has been offered an $800 position on an agricultural

Paper in Buffalo,
Crass ‘35.

H. P. Gladden is teaching at St. Ignace,

E, Graham, with ‘Ss, is farming at Marengo.

George Morrice is farming and teaching at Parma.

E. R. Lake is assisting Prof. Beal in botany.

J. D. Tower is master of Pomona Grange of Ingham county.

G. C. Lawrence is teaching at Royal Oaks, Wayne county.

T. C. Payne, with "ds, is a clerk in St. Johns National bank.

F. M. Woodmansee js studying law at Hastings, and expects soon
tobe admitted to the bar.

H. T. French and Carrie M. Fretich were married at Lansing |

during the winter,

R. M. Bates is teaching in Barry county and expeéts soon to
Praétice law, ;

F. M. Standish, with ‘85, is dealing in engineers’ supplies at 25,
a7 and 29 Griswold street, Detroit.

H, M, Wells visited the College recently. He expeéts to stay at
home during the summer,

John W. Mathews is working for an M. 5, at Ann Arbor. We
wish him the best of success,

(. Exker graduated from Ann Arbor last June and takes a place | from training received at big Alma Mater.
! sult of good seeds and judicious advertising, now exceeds two

WA. Kinnan is clerk in the adjutant general's office at Wash-
ington. He is attending Washington medical night schools.
We were very much pleased to see the smiling face of F. L.

Wrigglesworth on the grounds on March aad. We are always happy
to meet the old Boys,

GW. Parks whe conducted an extensive business all through his

College course, is pushing it with more vigor and greater ability
His mail, as a re-

thousand letters daily. Mr. Parks published a neat annual pam-
phlet entitled #feras Guide, He has also accepted the floral de-
partment of the Ledtes Howse Companton, of Springfield, Ohio, a
magazine with 200,000 subscribers,

A.C. Himebauch, of Burr Oak, with '34, was married Sept. aoth

to Miss Bell Dexter.

A. E, Brown is teaching in Dakota,

Geo. French is canvassing for “ The Story of Labor,”
Hancorne is at the Normal.

J. E. Hammond is teaching at Allan, Hillsdale county.
Chas. Lawson is studying pharmacy at Ann Arbor,

iW!) BR. Rummiler has been teaching in Hammond's old distriét. He
has returned to Detroit and will study law.

Jennie Towar is lady assistant steward of Ingham county grange.
J. J. Jakway, with '86, returned from California last fall and has
been teaching a six and a half months’ school in Berrien county.
He will visit the College this suminer.
CLaAss "Sy.
WE. Smith is teaching near Detroit.
Two stars from Hillsdale are circulating around the grounds,
Cass ‘88,
W. L. Roberts is on his father's farm. We understand he is

married.

W. H. Hannaford is occupying eighty acres of land at Lolon. We
understand that he expects to turn ere long from the path of single
blessedness.
16

THE COLLEGE SPECULUM.

_ ne
ee ———

— ae

coLL

EGES.

Senlor vacation has been abolished at Amberst.
The first American college paper was the Dartmouth Gazelle.
No more honorary degrees will be conferred by Cornell Univer:

sity.
Oxford has appliances for printing books in 150 different lan-

guages.

About 18,000 ladies are pursuing studies in the various American
colleges.

At Racine College the examinations are now given without pre-
vious notice.

The number of colleges in the United States increases at the rate
of fifteen each year,

Ex-President Hayes has been proposed for the presidency of
Adelbert College.

Williams College has received $100,000 by the will of the late Mrs,
Catharine M. McCaskry.

Seventeen colleges in the United States are looking for suitable
men to fill the president's chair.

The authorities of Cornell have declared that attendance at reci-
tations will no longer be required,

There is @ movement on foot to introduce military tactics into
several of our prominent colleges,

There are now four daily college papers in the United States—
Harvard, Cornell, Princeton and Yale.

Harvard is getting rich. Two sums of $400,000 and $500,000 have
been added to ner endowment recently,

Harvard is the largest college in the country, Oberlin is second,
Columbia is third, Michigan University is fourth, Yale is fifth.

Harvard has the largest freshman class this year that is reported
ever ty have entered any American college. Tt numbers 265.

Oberlin will hold forever the historic credit of having been the
first to admit women to equal advantages of education with men.

Ladies have gone into the hazing business in the Maine State
College. Two have been expelled from the sophomore class for
getting caught at it.

The Board of Trostecs of Princeton College haye approved of Dr.
McCosle’s suggestion that the College be transformed into a uni-
versity, and steps will be taken at once in that direction.

re

ATHLETICS.

—S eee

The medals won im last term's rifle comtest have arrived. Presi-
dent Willits will present them in the near future. Lieut. Smith and
private O. Bannon are trying to gel up a modest demeanor for the
occaslon,

The base ball club gave a maple sugar social at the Mechanical
Building on Friday ewening, April ist. The program was as fol-
lows: Music by the Glee Club; boxing three rownds, Larned and
Chase: swinging Indian clubs, Tedd; tumbling, Shepard and
Hemphill; high kicks, Shepard and Hume; tableaus; music by
Glee Club,

Out-door sports, during the first part of the Spring term, are con-
fined principally to the prospective. Tt is then that the eager
Freshmen are regaled by the higher classmen with imaginative
tales of feats (performed or to be performed), im comparison with
which the records of professionals “pale inte insignificance."
Thus our first effort will deal rather with the past and future than
the present.

| season's practice.

een

The subscription paper for field day and base ball purposes are |

in circulation. Itisa year since the students have been asked to
give money for any similar purpose. The contributions last year
averaged from one to two dollars. This is indeed a small amount
fora year’s expenditure on athletics, yet if every man will give this
much, it will give a sum sufficiently large for necessary expenses,
Our field day arrangements for this year are to be somewhat more
expensive than usual, As the paper is presented, let every member

of the faculty, every student in the college respond liberally, so |

that M. A.C. may this year treat her guests right royally,

Competitors for the following exercises are already training for
field day; Qne hundred yards dash, one mile run, wrestling collar-
and elbow, side hold, and catch-as-catch-can, boxing, standing high
kick, running high kick (one and beth feet}, tumbling and horizon-
tal bar performance. Two pairs for tennis have also started the
‘Tis well! May many more follow these good
examples.

Last year our field day was held on May 1gth and isth. The
sports were Interrupted by rain. In comparing the few records
made on the first day with thase made at Albion a few weeks later,
it is apparent that the cause of the low results was lack of praétice,
The men, with the exception of the ball team, practiced only for a
day of so before the combests. Good results are net accomplished
inany undertaking without a corresponding effort. It is the sys-
temiatle tralnuing that wins the honors, Old M. A. C. is mol in want
of material, but she issadly in need of some good, solid training.
It will be remembered that, if muscle were necessary in the games

| last year, we were generally successful; if quickness or speed were

necessary, we generally failed, After careful preparation there is
little or no danger of bad results from over-exertion. The men
who are injured are those who try to gain prizes with untrained
muscles, Over-doing is the natural consequence. Two and one-half
months will elapse before our annual field day, The boys have
ample time to get in fine condition, Do not wait until the last
moment—start at once, gradually gain ground. Thos cutering the
games the equals of our opponents in all respects.

The base ball team has already held several Meek lings. The com-
position of the nine will be as follows: N.C. Smith, cateher; D. P,
Yerkes, captaln and pitcher: B, K. Canfield, first base; A. B, Cord-
ley, second base; R.W. McColloch, third base; A. E. Bulson, short
stop; Irving Bates, left field; George Chase, center field; H. G_.
Shepard, right field. Manager, KR. C. Carpenter; umpire, C, M.
Hemphill; scorer, 0. C. Holister. Practice will be commenced reg-
ularly as soon as the weather, Captain Yerkes thinks permits, The
team has never before been so strong. The boys will be in fine
condition, and are aching to cross bats with the colleges that are re~
ported to be after the state thelt.

The club is trying to arrange for a series of games during the
next vacation. Kalamazoo has given liberal terms for two games,.
The other clubs (Ann Arbor, Orchard Lake, Battle Creek, Owosgo,
and the Casa of Detroit) have not yet been heard from. It is prob-
able, however, that dates will be secured with each.

EX CHANG

The Kaméjer is much improved in appearance by a new cover.

The Weebly Oniversity Courrier comes to us for the first time
ane] is made welcome.

The Attiedale AMerafd is afar better paper than its appearance
would indicate, Its literary work is remarkably good.

The Messenger contains excellent exchange columns, and is a
paper that we recommend to our students as well worthy of their
peursal, :

“The Pfefad, issued by our neighbor at Albion College, makes
occasional appearances. Why don’t you come regularly, Metad,
We are always glad to see you.

The south sends us some of our best exchanges. Besides the
Messenger we pete the Bethany Collegian and the Sonihern
Coflertan, Their columns are full of interest.

The Awerer contains numerous articles which are short, varied,
and pithy, and would be interesting reading lo one mot in the least
interested in college publications. We shall always be glad to see
the handsome face of the Marder.

The first number of the University Arges comes to our notice
this. month, aud has recieved the attention its many merits deserve.
Ifwe tiight be allowed two suggestions théy would be that the
departments be brought into more compact shape, and that those
abominable puns be kept out of print, If you have students who
will be guilty of such atrocious villianies, at least dont publish it to
the world. Weshall look with Interest for your second coming,.
arpris,
THE M. C. LILLEY & Co.,

HEADQUARTERS FOR

MILITARY GOODS OF ALL KINDS,

REGALIA SUPPLIES, BAND EQUIPMENTS, AND
UNIFORMS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS.

-

Special Inducements to Students and those getting up Clubs or Companies.

COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HELLO, BOYS! EJ. WILLARD,»
URQUHART & CO. mueronans
309 WASHINGTON AVENUE, Lives R Y a=

——-MAKE—

TH E B EST BREAD! ! 300 Micuican Ave. East oF Briper.

CAKRES ATID CATIDIES. |
| SPECIAL RATES TO STUDENTS.
4 CALL AND SAMPLE.“ |

—_____- — _ — =

FURNITURE!

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF

WRITING TABLES, DESKS, CHAIRS, &c.

ALWAYS ON HAND.

SPECIAL FIGURES TO STUDENTS.

Oppesite Opera Meuse. Mm. J. BUCK,

CURTAIN DRAPERY AND TRIMMINGS A SPECIALTY.
BEE-KEEPERS GUIDE, |§TUDENTS’ TONSORIAL BAZAR,

| OR H. G. JACKSON, Prop’,
MANUAL OF THE Aww ROOM 46, WILLIAMS?’ HALL,

Michigan Agricultural College,
13,000 sold since 1876. 3,000 sold since May, 1883. Entirely revised

“FIRST-CLASS SHOP! FIRST-CLASS WORK ,

Prioe by Mail $1.25, Liberal Discount to Deniers and for Olde | All styles of Hair Cutting Neatly Done,

A, J, COOK, Author and Publisher, = - LANSING, MICHIGAN. | (}fice hours from Saturday morning to Monday noone Harber aoap for aal

Drs, | W. & A. D. HAGADORN, J. JOHNSON,

Fashionable Custom Made

Fifty pages and fifty costly illustrations added,

™

Physicians and Druggists.
— BOOTS AND SHOES.

Especial Attention Paid to Fitting and Furnishing

Spectacles | REPAIRING A SPECIALTY.

vie Whitely Bros, No. 205 MICHIGAN AVENUE, LANSING _

MABUPACTURERS OF | THE NEW BRUNSWICK

ENGINES.

From one te twelve

Corner Washington and Michigan Avenues,

horse parwer, , =
Uxpee wuk Savings Hank, Lansing, MICHIGAN,

STUDENTS' PATRONAGE SOLICITED.

Eiress afd Irom (Castings

of all keds,

-- _ OPEN DAY AND NIGHT.

fy o = Bhopa near T., Bo & M. &,
‘epot. RALL BROTHERS, Proprietor,

_——— - - 7 a - = eee eee .

STUDENTS FIND AT W. RAPLEE,

(. W. FRARYS STORE, 9 ===

Jewelry, Watches, Clocks, Diamonds,
A large and fine line of | Silver and Plated-Ware.

GENTS’ HATS AND CAPS 19 WASHINGTON AVE., LANSING, MICH.

IN ALL THE LATEST STYLES. | w@PREPAIRING NEATLY DONE.“@il
New England €lothing Store,

116 Washington Avenue, LANSING, MICHIGAN,

HEADQUARTERS FOR

CLOTHING, # GENTS FURNISHING GOODS,

HATS AND CAPS.

Suitings for the old and young—Men’s, Youth's, Boy's and Children’s—always in stock, and
at prices that defy competition.

THE LARGEST, BRIGHTEST AND LIGHTEST STORE,

And best stock to select from in Lansing.
Specialties in Gent's Fine Furnishings. Don’t pass us by when in want of anything in our
line. GOODS SOLD AT ONE PRICE. Call in.
Cc. H. HUNTER, the Low Price Clothier.

First Class Livery L. BECK, .

THE CLOTHIER.

| Headquarters for Fine Clothing,
Students’ Patronage Solicited. | Hats, Caps, and Gents’ Furnishing Geods

a specialty.

"STUDENTS AND OTHERS, GIVE US A CALL,
JIMMY MARKEY. | «s wanmonon ava Nomen

a ee

WE — xs) T Cc O T + JOHN HERRMANN,
a Opposite Opera Block,

=i

No, 112 Micittcas Ave. Lanstnc, Mictt., Merchant Sailor,

DEALER 1h

Keeps the largest and best stock of

Foreign and Domestic Woolens, Merchant Tailor’s Goods

IN MICHIGAN,

AND GENT'S FURNISHING GOODS.
° | BEST FIT FOR THE LEAST MONEY

SrupENTs, CoME AND SEE ME.

TOM WESTCOTT, THE CUTTER.
A BILVERHORN, UF. A.M, EMERY.
CALL AT

Lansing Book and Paper Company

For a large assortment of

CABINET PHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS, |ABER’S SHOE STORE,

—aAbD—

WIRT FOUNTAIN PENS A SPECIALTY. Opposite Chapman House, —
113 Michigan Avenue, Lansing, Mich. IS CLOSING OUT ar SLAUGHTER PRICES.

——— — ————

J. H. SIPLEY, | J. H. SAVAGE,

110 Michigan Avenue,

Fresh and Salt Meats, vrse= ame
BOOTS AND SHOES

Dried Beef, Hams, Poultry and Game. 7
Repairing Neatly and Promptly Attended to.

LANSING, MICHIGAN. STUDENTS PATRONAGE SOLICITED.

104 WASHINGTON AVENUE,

DispLAYs THE FINEST AND LARGEST STOCK OF

DRY GOODS AND CARPETS

THAT HAS EVER KEEN OPENED IN THE CITY.

You will always find Goods as Represented, and our Prices at the Bottom.

——— —

CHICAGO MEDICAL COLLEGE, _
Corner Prairie Avenue and 26th Street, Chicago, Ill

Medical Department of the Northwestern University, Session of 1887-88. N. S. DAVIS M. D.,
L. L. D., Dean,

The twenty-ninth Annual Course of Instruction will begin Tuesday, September 27, 1887, and close Tues-
day, March 2, 1888. The course of instruction is graded, students being divided into first, second, and third
year classes. Qualifications for admission are either a degree of A. B., a certificate of a reputable academy, a
teacher's certificate, or a preliminary examination,

The method of instruction is conspicuously practical, and is applied in the wards of the Mercy, St, Luke's,
and Michael Reese Hospitals daily at the bedside of the sick, and in the South Side Dispensary attached to the
College, where from nine to ten thousand patients are treated annually, Fees: Matriculation $5, payable once
only. Lectures, first and second years, each $75, third year free. Demonstrator $10, including material,
Laboratory $5. Breakage (returnable) $5. Hospitals: N ercy $6, for third year students. St. Luke’s $5,.
for second Rhea students, Final examination $30, No extra fees for Private Classes or Microscopieal Lab-
oratory. For further information or announcement address,

FRANK BILLINGS, M. D., Sec’y, 235 State-st., Chicago, IL.

P. 0., AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, NEAR LANSING, MICH.

institution is thoroughly equipped, having a large teaching force; also ample facilities for illustra-

tration and manipulation, including

———EMBRACING

MISTRY, MATHEMATICS, BOTANY, ZOOLOGY, VETERINARY, ENGLISH LAN-
GUAGE AND LITERATURE, MILITARY TACTICS, AND ALL
OTHER BRANCHES OF A COLLEGE COURSE .
EXCEPT FOREIGN LANGUAGES.

hree hours’ labor on each working day, except Saturdays. Maximum rate paid for labor, eight cents

ATEs.— Tuition free. Club boarding, from $2.00 to $2.50 per week.

CALENDAR FOR THE YEAR 1887. |

aa ebruary 21st Spring Term begins: May 13th Spring Term ends. May 23d Summer Term begins.

Anpust 12th Summer Term ends; August 16th Commencement. August 22d College Year begins, ancl

Bertie

mids November 11th, _ .
| For Catalogue apply to EDWIN WILLITS, Presipent, or HENRY G, REYNOLDS, Secretary.

H. LE DERER & SONS, .

ARE HEADQUARTE

GENT’S FURNISHINGS,
Hats and Caps. a

SPECIAL PRICES GIVEN TO STUDENTS. a
13 Washington Ave. ——«*XH, Lederer & Sons, The Clothiers:

‘The Best Geeds! Latest S
PRICES THE LOWEST. | a

"Dey Goods and Groceries, q

117 and 119 Michigan Ave, = - LANSING, MICH. | .
WwW. D. SABIN, Cannell & Hdmende,

DEALER I

fleavy & Shelf Pakdware, ———e
HARNESS,
TRUNKS, 7

. Saddlery Hardware, — a
3 _
Bo
ia

Sore AGENTS tn THrs City
GQaL¥uURATaA*) AHL WHOL

Trav veling Bags, Horse Clothing |

Crown in ewel a Som and Ranges,

105 Washington Ave., LANSING, MICH, C. CANNELL. J. w. BONG

107 Washington Avenue, So., Lansing, Mi