THE SPECULaM

VotumrE [X,—No, 6,

AGRICULTURAL CoLLecr, Micu., May 10, 1890,

WHOLE No, 44.

Prof. George Thurber.

ABSTRACT OF AN ADDRESS AT THE THUR-
RER MEMORIAL SERVICE,

The friend in whose memory we meet
to-day was a native of New England, and
exemplified in himself many of the most
generous of New England traits. He was
born September 2d, 1821, in Providence,
R. [., and in that city received his early
training. He studied pharmacy with an
apothecary, and afterwards followed the bus-
iness. This enabled him to spend some time
instudy. He had an exceedingly clear and
retentive mind, and soon became quite
familiar with the natural sciences. In boy-
hood he had been attracted toward the
study of flowers. Inearly manhood he con-
tinued this study, and ere long was familiar
with the flora of his home, and was known
to such eminent scientists as Drs. Torrey and
Gray as a promising botanist. This secured
to him, in 1850, a position on the United
States and Mexican boundary survey, which
he accepted for the purpose of studying the
flora of a section into which botanists had
scarcely gone. On his return in 1853 he
received an appointment in the United States
assay office. After leaving this in 1856, he
spent some time in the study of his Mexican
collections, In 1859 he was appointed Pro-
fessor of Botany in this college, and filled
the chair with remarkable ability until 1863,
when he resigned to accept a position on the
editorial staff of the American Agriculturist,
where he remained until his death, April 2,

There seems a special fitness in honoring
in this building Dr. Thurber’s eminent abil-
ity as a teacher, In the class-room over
where we are now assembled he taught bot-

any for several years; in the upper story
directly over this chapel, he had his bed-
room and his study, which he called his
“den;” in the grounds surrounding this
building he taught us boys of that time,
much more of flowers and their cultivation,
than was laid down in the curriculum; on
those portions of the grounds where now
are the armory, the parade ground, and the
green-house we grew choice vegetables
under his direction, ‘and caught from him
aspark of his knowledge and enthusiasm in
horticulture; and in the dining-room of the
old “Saint’s Rest,” we ate with him the pro-
ducts of our gardening skill, and listened to
his genial flow of talk about the lusciousness
of the new variety of peas, the superiority
of the cauliflower, and the crispness of the
well-blanched endive.

As ateacher Prof, Thurber had excellent
success, due in the first place to his thorough
acquaintance with his subject. His knowl-
edge of botany was broad and deep. Of
this knowledge he had ready command. His
mind was a vast storehouse of facts, which
seemed to be disposed in such orderly fash-
ion that any fact came forward when
wanted. Then he had such an alert brain
and such a facile tongue that he put his
knowledge into clear and forcible speech,
which was often lighted up with that true
humor that brings a smile and does not leave
a sting. His enthusiasm in botany knew no
limits. Plants were his friends, in whose
companionship he had constant delight.
Knowledge, alertness of brain, clearness and
vigor of speech, humor, enthusiasm,—surely
he was well supplied with the requisites of a
good teacher.

In estimating Dr. Thurber’s success as a
teacher we should consider the conditions
gd THE SPECULUM.

=

under which he worked. When he began
the college had no botanical library, no lab-
oratory, no herbarium; it did not own a sin-
gle microscope. There was nothing of the
prestige that attaches to a department after
it has been doing successful work for many
years. The gardens and orchards had
indeed some land from which the stumps
had not been all removed, and they had little
Our = present
lawns, our miles of pleasant walks

else, broad and beautiful
ancl
drives, our numerous exotic trees andshrubs,
our botanic garden, green-house, forcing
houses, laboratory of horticulture, fruitful
orchards and berry fields had no existence.
Prof. J. C. Holmes had labored faithfully
for two or three years, and had accom-
phshed much in preparing the way for
future work; but when the department of
botany and horticulture came into Dr, Thur-
ber’s hands it was as thin and poor as Pha-
raoh’s lean kine, His knowledge and genius

The fields, the

woods, and swamps gave him plants which

were equal to the occasion.

he broughtevery day tohis class-room, where
he soon had students in botany only less
enthusiastic than himself; hisfamiliarity with
vegetables and with the best methods of cul-
tivation filled the vegetable garden, not only
with the old-time favorites, but with the
promising new varieties also, that had not
before been grown on Michigan soil; his
artisticeye located large masses of annual
flowers at suitable points, and soon our nar-
row, incipient lawns were aglow withtherich
colors of phlox and petunia, of poppy and
marigold ; and he planted here and there
clumps of stately cannas, daturas, cenotheras
that gave to the lawn, during the short in-
tense summer, a touch of tropic luxuriance.
The great general will take a mob of undis-
ciplined men and so organize them into an
army as to win victory. Surely it requires
a genius no less great and no less worthy of
honor to make from untrained boys enthusi-
astic students of botany, with no aids except
those held out by the generous hand of

SL

nature; to create gardens stored with useful-
ness and beauty where before trees and
stumps had precluded all culture, or a thin
soil had yielded little of use and naught of
beauty.

Prof. Thurber taught us in the class-room
and the gardens; he taught us also in the
fields and woods and swamps. He used to
say that a circuit of ten miles radius from the
collere was very rich in rare plants, Noth-
ing gave him greater delight than to explore
this circuit and gather its treasures. Nothing
gave the boys greater delight than to be his
companions. Naturally social, he was glad
to have one or more go with him on his
rambles. He made these rambles most
attractive and instructive, for he knew where
and when to look for rare things, so that on
every walk we found something rich and
strange to us, though usually, to him, it was
an old acquaintance. Concerning every-
thing we found he had stores of information
and anecdote, This species was remarka-
ble for its wide diffusion, being found in
sections'very remote from each other; that
one belonged to a family that gave to man a
creat number of useful plants; another was
first cousin to a species he had found grow-
ing in abundance on the rocky plains of New
Mexico. Then he would run off into an
account —quaint, instructive, interesting—of
his experiences in that then almost unknown
region.

Park Lake was a place at that time full of
interest to the botanist, and parties not unfre-
quently made excursions there, with Dr.
Thurber for leader, Sometimes the stay
was for aday only, Sometimes we took a
tent and camped under some beautiful pines
on the north shore. The woods, the banks
of the lake, and of the small streams flowing
into it, the wide area of swamp at the west
of the lake, and the waters of the lake itself
were rich in spoils for our spirited scientist,
to the search for which he led us with wntir-
ing activity. At night, in our camp under
the whispering pines, he told us stories of
THE SPECULUM.

99

—_ae

his wide wanderings, of his life in the great
city, of the many distinguished people he
had met, until our imaginations were on fire
with pictures of the stirring life of the
world into which we, it might be, by and
by, could enter.

The teacher can in the long run be judged
by his students. The teacher who is alive,
who is vitally interested in his subject,
arouses life and
They enjoy their study; they acquire a love
for it that leads some to pursue it as a pro-
fession, and others to recur to it with happy
abandon whenever the pressing cares of life
permit.
teacher. His vast stores of knowledge, his
enthusiasm, his genial humor, his clearness
of statement, his love of nature in all her
enchanting moods, awoke vital interest in
his students. They became lovers of botany
west, not a few of them are following prac-
tical horticulture as a business, while the
colleges and the agricultural press have in
professional or editorial chairs many who
were his students, or were students under his
students. He had the knowledge, the
method, the personality that go to the make-

up of a leader and inspirer of men.
OQ, CLUTE.

Sr tt

How a Town is «“Boomed.”

W. D. GROESBECK, DELTA TAU DELTA
FRATERNITY.

No American needs to be told what a
“boom” is, but not everyone may know how
one is carried out. Residents of Kansas
City, Seattle, Tacoma, Oklahoma City or
any of the towns of central and southern
California, or those who may have visited
them during the last two years, realize all
that the word means, many of them to their
sorrow.

The first step in building a town is of course
to secure an eligible site. What may be
considered such depends altogether upon

interest in his students. |

| the height to which the speculative fever

—

| the better,
Prof. Thurber was such a live |

| or a“ San Gorgonia,”
and of horticulture, and to-day, east and |

has gone. If the buyer no longer thinks of
occupation and improvement, but rather of
making a “quick turn”. at a large profit, a
barren “mesa,” that never was and never
will be good for anything but sheep pasture,
possesses greater advantages than a Broad-
way lot; a gravelly “arreya,”—the dry bed of
a winter stream,—or a cactus patch becomes
in the eyes of the boomer a better residence
lot than a corner on Brooklyn Heights.

The next essential thing is to name the
town, and the more euphonious the name
A schemer’s brain readily trans-
forms a barley-field or mustard-patch into
the town of “Whittier ;” clay bluffs and salt
marshes into “Redondo Beach,” a duck pond
into “Ballona Harbor;” or a section of land
taken up as a desert claim, into a “Hesperia”
After the name has
been decided upon, the surveyor is called in
to give the town a “local habitation.” If a
company have a really valuable site, as is
many times the case, a topographical survey
is probably made and the streets and avenues
made to conform to the surface. Many an
eastern city may well envy the arrangement
of some of the boom towns of Washing-
ton and California. If, on the other hand,
some unscrupulous speculator hopes to sell
most of his lots to people who have never

‘seen them, any “tin horn” surveyor may

drive the ground full of pine stakes, paint

+ them white and stencil numbers on them.

Probably enough “two by two's” have been

| hammered into the adobe of Missouri, Cali-

fornia and [ndian Territory to build a “cob
house” as high as Pikes Peak,

Now that the town is staked out, it
remains for the owner to improve it. In go
reservoirs and miles of pipe lines as fast as

‘John, with his cue coiled under his slouch

hat, can make holes for them. Teams of
eight and ten horses haul heavy road
machines over cactus patches, through tilled
fields or, it may be, vineyards in full bear-
ing. Down go concrete pavements on
LOO

THE SPECULUM.

tees rg

A —

either side of this turnpiked strip and there
is your town, a town that Yankee Doodle
could see without any trouble, for houses
are by no means a necessity in a “boom”
town,

When the owner has proceeded thus far,
the site is ready for the market. The Sun-
day edition of some daily contains a full
page advertisement, setting forth the
advantages of location, soil, water supply,
scenery and, above all, climate of the said
Whittier, or whatever its name may be. It
is also stated that “these desirable lots are
for sale by the——Land Co, No. ;.
st.” The next day, the small boy races
around the corner at breakneck speed to
locate the band he hears playing, but all he
sees is a large wagon, fenced in with white
cloth bearing in lurid letters the announce-
ment that on such a day there will be an
- excursion to such a town together with a
free dinner and an auction sale of lots, It is
just possible that at the rear of the wagon,
or on the driver’s seat, there is visible the
bass-drummer, an artist in his way, with a
delicacy of touch that would make a Liszt
envious, :

The town is now an assured thing, from
the boomer’s point of view, and all that
remains to be done is to build it, The for-
mer owner loses interest in all but the pay-
ments to be collected, for the most of such
real estate is sold upon contract and no deeds
are given until all payments are made.
Coincident with the speculator’s loss of
interest, usually comes the buyer’s loss of —
his first payment; for, unless he invested
before the speculative mania reached its
climax, he is left in. most cases with his con-
tract and no money to fulfill it. Such has
been the lot of hundreds of clerks, laboring
men and schoolma’ams who have invested
all their savings in a first payment, with the
hope of an advance and a chance to sell.

But it is pleasant to know that “picked
from the chaff and rubbish” of some booms
are towns whose natural advantages must

have given them rapid growth under any
circumstances. Such towns have been set-
tled and built up with marvelous rapidity
under the impetus of a boom, Beneath
the cloudless skies of southern California,
lies many a village surrounded by orange
groves, vineyards, orchards of apricots, figs
and pomegranates and fanned by the breezes
of the Pacific, in which even a dyspeptic
with the toothache would enjoy life. And
these have sprung up in the parched and
dusty valleys in less than half a decade
because some boomer, in serving his ‘own
ends, has developed the hidden springs of
water and the wonderful fertility of the soil
surrounding the site of his once “paper
town.”

A Letter From Paris.

Parts, April 15, 1890.

DEAR Op SrecuLuM—It is the fashion,
you know, to write home to some paper,
when abroad, but as I have no friends on
any greater journal than Tue Specuium, I
will risk staying az dehors that treasury of
literature, the waste basket.

So far I have seen little of Europe except
Paris and its life. I was in time for the
Exposition, with its glories of art and indus-
try. Probably this is the “ greatest show on
earth” up to date. To an art student it was
as good as any other two years in Europe
even to see the collections of the finest
works of modern painters and sculptors
from all parts of the world. What pleased
me, and interested me as much as any thing,
was a collection of photographs of the col-
lege grounds, in the United States Building;
some fine, large photographs, well shown
too. I bored my friends by showing these
to them and telling all the old stories over
again. Think of it! on the Champ du
Mars in Paris, pictures of that far-away
college in Michigan,

The United States was poorly repre-
sented, but Mr. Edison made up for much
with his wonderful lamp. One of our
THE

American day railway coaches also took a
first prize. This seems just, after one has
had the pleasure (?) of riding in the miser-
able affairs in Europe.

When the Exposition was over Paris
gave a sigh of relief; Paris was again Paris.
All that is now left of the spot is that majes-
tic piece of scaffolding the Enffel Tower.
How tired you get of it. All the jokes are
Eiffel Tower. The French have it on the

the brain, on their watch chains, in their .

hair, in their mouths and on their walls, It
is rumored that when the tower was getting
pretty high the French hadn’t the nerve to
work on it and Americans were imported;
anyway we built the elevator for them.

The French have a neat way of disposing
of the sewags here that would do well in
American cities. Every one has heard of
the Paris sewers, but not of the sewage

farm. This farm consists of about 1,500
acres, underdrained at a distance of six
metres. There is a large central collector

into which all the other sewers empty; this
runs out to the farm, where a large pump
throws the water onto the farm, where it is
connected in irrigating drains over the entire

place. Only certain places are submerged |

at a time, thus giving a chance to drain
away the water and allow the plant life to
do its work. This farm is highly cultivated,
producing garden truck and fruit trees.
At the outlet of the drains my friends drank
a glass of water which was as clear as crys-
tal and one would not think that 1t was once
running in the gutters of Paris.

Paris well deserves her name of the
wickedest city, and it is a good thing for
Harvard that Cambridge is not a suburb of
Paris. The city has two lives entirely dif-
ferent, one by day, the other by night. In
the day time Paris is civilized, at night she
is—well you have all seen pictures of ancient
Bacchanalian orgies ; imagine then, the fiz-
ures to be dressed as modern persons are,
and you have the scene, The French are
not such heavy drinkers as they are sup-

SPECULUM.

|

IOl

a

| posed, although a great deal of absinthe

poison is consumed. The favorite drink —
is sweetened water flavored with some
essence or syrups. Vin ordinaire, often
called Bordeaux, is the favorite table wine.
It is a poor kind of claret.

Parisian women know better how to dress
than any other nation’s fair ones, but the
men know the least about the art of looking
well. A straight, flat-rimmed silk hat, that
looks like a stove pipe with a rim of sheet
iron at the bottom, a Prince Albert coat,
very tight at the waist, and short, spreading
skirts, like a ballet dancer’s, very tight
trowsers and long, pointed shoes make up
the wardrobe, Fromthis mass looks out an
idiotic face covered with moles. This. crea-
ture can be seen sitting before all the cafés
sipping his sweetened water and smoking a
vile cigarette. His only amusement is
watching the beautifully dressed women
pass by, or now and then playing a game of

dominoes.
The French are not a sport loving people.

A few ape English sports, but not from
love of sport,-and it is done in an effeminate
manner. Horse racing is very popular, but
only to gratify a taste for gambling. Most
of the jockeys are English. The names of
their sports are English, such as sport, foot-

ball, cricket, tennis, etc.
I thought when we beat Ann Arbor that

hase ball was ended for me, but no; every

Saturday we have a game at the Bois de
Boulogne. There are some fine players
here among the students, graduates of
American colleges. Along in the sum-
mer Julian’s Academy is to play all Paris.
She has always held-the pennant before,
but we have fears this year, as there are
some strong men in the University of Paris
and the Sorbonne; all are Americans of
course. It is fun to see the Frenchmen
watch the game. At first they used to get

out by second base, but we said nothing ;

when two or three “liners” laid them low

they beat a retreat and now stand behind

trees.
LO2

THE SPECULUM.

ee a er

The carnival in Paris is about dead, though
the streets are crowded with people on
Mardi Gras, but all that you see is a few
advertising vans and now and then a cos-
tumed individual acting like a fool. The
better class celebrate by dressing their chil-
dren in fancy costumes and sending them
out with the nurse to be admired. The féte
of Micareme is a repetition of Mardi Gras,
with a grand ball in the evening at the
opera.

Of course the theatre is a great attraction
here; but, with the exception of the opera,
the theatres themselves are no better than
those in our large cities. Only two, that I
know, have orchestras. Between acts peo-
ple amuse themselves promenading on the
balconies. What we call the orchestra
chairs are reserved for men, and while the
curtain is down the gentlemen put on their
hats, stand up with their backs to the stage
‘and gaze around the galleries of loges at
the beautiful (?) women in their boxes.

We saw the opera of Romeo and Juliet,
with Miss Eames as Juliet; she is a young
Boston lady who has made her debut here.
Miss Sanderson, a California beauty, is sing-
ing in Esclarmonde at the Opera Comique.

“ Varnishing day,” the last day for receiv-
ing pictures at the Salon,was droll. Allthe
artists of lesser note surrounded the space
opposite the doors of the Palais de L’Indus-
trie, to see the pictures come in. All kinds
of scathing criticism was indulged in as the
pictures passed the crowd on the backs of
porters or in big vans. Some were cheered,
others jeered, yet all was good natured fun.

I met Mr. Potter, of Pine Lake, at
Julian’s the other day; he‘is studying art
here, showing a great deal of talent and
sincereity.

I have come to the conclusion, after a
winter of freezing to death in Paris houses,
where a fire is a forbidden luxury, that Paris
life is all very nice in books, but 1 would
rather have again those four years at

M. A. C, The parks of Versailles, Fon-

tainebleau and St. Cloud are nothing to the
old college lawns with their paths made by

the feet of dear old friends.

I heard with sadness of the burning of
the old cathedral ( the botanical laboratory ),
but you are Americans and will have

another,

fon jour, mes amis souvent je pense a
Uous. « Can.”

39 Rue Chateaudun.

A Day’s Ride in California.

WILL M. CLUTE, ECLECTIC SOCIETY,

Itis an April morning in the valley of
San Gabriel. For two hours the vast bulk
of the Sierras has been outlined in the sea
of fire, and now, as the sun shines on the
glistening peaks of San Jacinto and Gray-
back, and the snow-crested ridges round
about them, the whole valley for miles and
miles is bathed in a golden haze, The
fresh incense of the mountain breeze carries
with it the song of the mocking bird in the
live-oak, while songsters of less pretensions
are twitting in the chaparral. The water
gurgles quietly in the canyon as if it, too,
would like to linger in the sunshine. The
awkward bumble bees are clumsily passing,
their low drowsy hum being in perfect har-
mony with the stillness that everywhere
pervades,

The night still lingered in the deeper gor-
ges, as we packed our burros and started
back along the base of the Sierras, after a
two-weeks camp in one of the many can-
yons found in that grand range of mountains,
Slowly we picked our way down the steep
mountain trail, one of us leading the train,
astride a wiry roan broncho, the other, on a
dun pinto, bringing up the rear, while
between were the heavily laden burros,
whose memory in regard to locomotion
needed frequent reminders from a swinging
riata,
THE SPECULUM.

103

aE

We were soon enveloped in a dense
growth of chaparral. The trail was nearly
level, but the close promixity of the manza-
nita and cherry made riding an impossibility.
This barrier of the canyon was but a fitting
guardian to the valley below, and as we
emerged through a parting in the chaparral,
at the mouth of the canyon, there was spread
at our feet one of the sublimest views of
mountain grandeur and floral beauty that
ever pleased the eve of man. Far away to
the south blazed the foot-hills in a flame of
glory, immense billows of hazy fire. The
bloom of the eschscholtzia was at its height,
and one could easily conceive how the sail-
ors on the Pacific had christened these same
hills “the hills of fire’ Then too, there
was the gorgeous shading in the valley; the
deep green spots are the orange groves; the
white, the apricots and prunes, now in their
prime of bloom, The ripened wheat lends
an old tinge to the landscape. There are
hundreds and hundreds of acres of the gaily
colored  collinsias columbines, the
lupines, and the verbenas. On the north
and on the east were the seemingly impreg-
nable ranges of the Sierra Madras, snow-
capped, and occasionally covered at this time
of year with a raging blizzard. On the
south and west the colored hills of fire—a
strange contrast, yet not strange in Califor-
nia. When: the impression of such a scene
had somewhat left us we continued our way
down the mesa to a lower trail in the valley.
The warm breeze comes and stirs the fields
of golden composite. They sway gently
and shimmer in the sunlight, a veritable
cloth of gold in the Golden State. The fat,
lazy buzzards are soaring overhead in grace-
ful curves. The monotonous hum of the
bees, and the soothing rustle of the blossoms
are the only sounds. We wade along in
liquid gold which reaches to the ponies’
knees. I£ you choose you may turn in your
saddle and look for the trail of your bron-
cho’s hoofs, but in vain, So thick do the
plants grow that the crushing of a few

and

counts nothing, others close in and fill the
Bap.

In aimless, drifting hours the day keeps
on, and at noon the stillness is intense; no
breeze among the live-oak trees to stir the
smallest leaf. It is a balmy, hazy California
day. -We stop for dinner at a gulch in the
mountains. Our camp has lilies ten feet
high for a background, while all around are
the most luxuriant ferns, and over all spreads
a magnificent manzanita, whose deep brown
wood glistens amid the clustering bells of
blossom. A short distance up the gulch we
catch a glimpse of a prospector’s shack, and
before leaving examine it; built of half hewn
logs and roofed with the bark of the moun-
tain pine, its rustic look and wild. surround-
ings at once remind us of Cowper’s longing
for ‘a lodge in some vast wilderness, some
boundless contiguity of shade.” Surely he
would be satisfied here.

Late in the afternoon we approach one of
the few Spanish haciendas now left in Call-
fornia, and decide to leave our burros and
camp traps, and, after supper, ride to town,
having the burros brought on later. The
shadows of the cypress were beginning to
creep across the corral as we rode in. A
couple of peons came forward to take care of
our animals, while, with a genial “bien
venido,” the Senor greets us on dismount-
ing.’ A short conversation and we are
informed that is “la hora de cenar,” and
after hastily plunging our heads into the
stone wash basin of the inner court, we are

escorted to the long, whitewashed dining
room of the adobe mansion. The family

is well educated; the Senor and Senora
hospitality itself, and their daughters,
the dark-haired, dark-eyed, handsome Sen-
oritas of Spanish America; is it neces-
sary to say the supper was excellent?
But we try in vain to take sauce with our
chicken; it is a compound of the hottest
chilis that ever ripened in a garden, and we
relapse to conventional salt of "4g days.
Spanish cookery delights in spices, so
104

THE SPECULUM.

beware, thou Easterner, of the first meal in
the house dark-hued Californian.
Remember, too, to “look not upon the wine
while it is red,” but take Angelica or Muscat;
the vintage of these brands in the humble
adobe wineries of the Pacific is above re-
proach.
world-famed Mexican beverage,
ente?” asks the Senor, kindly.

of a

“Would we have some of the
aguardi-
He brought
it in, apologized for its recent distilling, and
handed us each a glassful. Unsuspicious
looking stuff it was, clear as water, smooth
as .oil, but—Car-r-ramba! how it tore its
way down my throat; the oldest bourbon
_in the State would have been as a gentle
salve for a chaser. I can still bring tears to
my eyes by the simple remembrance of that
fiery draught.

The sun was setting in the foothills as the
supper company adjourned to the veranda,
In that favored land there is seldom a cloud
to vary the slow, deep graduation of the
sunset. Old Sol sinks to rest in a halo of
subdued colors, and- with a parting shot at
the higher mountain peaks, as the rosy tints
face rapidly from the western sky, he dis-
appears in the Pacific.

Itis a dry, cool, dewless California night.
The Senoritas bring out a tray of tobacco
and roll and smoke cigarittos with the rest,
meanwhile playing on zither and guitar with
a skill that is worthy of their national instru-
ment. The stalk of the yucca palm, cov-
ered with its snow-white blossoms, shows
ghost-like in the twilight. The bright-eved
narcissus peeps out from under the sculp-
tured stem of the date palm, while the
orange trees along the garden walk fill the
air with soporific balm. It is a perfect night.
The moon sails among the silver peaks, and
the harsh outlines of the hacienda and valley
are softened and subdued in the moonlight
that flows over all. The dense odor of the
roses that clamber over the veranda, the
soothing fragrance of the cigarittos, the tink-
ling of the guitar, cause one to fall into a
realm of reverie, where he dreams that dis-

i
a
f
i

appointment is unknown and pleasure reigns
supreme.

Reluctantly we bid our host good-bye.
The bronchos enjoy the bracing air, and go
loping along the trail in a spirited fashion.
Occasionally a coyote slinks across an open
spot, but is lost a minute later in a clump of
prickly pear. The fest-ve jack rabbit is
enjoying himself in the open spots or gnaw-
ing carefully the fruit on some succulent
cactus. The few miles intervenin g between
us and the hotel are soon covered, and after
turning our ponies over to the hostler we
change our clothes and proceed to the
rotunda. ‘The regular evening hop is in
progress, and although the greeting of old
acquaintances, the meeting of new arrivals,
and the dances that follow, awaken us some-
what from the lethargic state we are in, the
day’s ride across the valley of San Gabriel
will influence us for many days to come.

Objects and Benefits of Trades
Unions.

IL. BE. ALLISON, PHI DELTA THETA.

Trades Unions are combinations for the
regulation of the relations between working-
men and masters, or for imposing restrictive
conditions on any business or industry.

The present condition of trades unions is
the outgrowth of a struggling for existence
during a number of centuries.

In years gone by both England and the
continent sold privileges to some favored
ones. At one time the meat trade of Paris
was restricted to twenty families, Paris con-
taining 300,000 inhabitants then. From this
resulted small unions of all kinds, for the
purpose of driving out the favored one.
The first organizations, spoken of in history,
is a tailors’ union, which lasted for 246 years
(1530-1776); but in 1776, by an edict all
trades were set free except four, namely those
of the barber, the chemist, the goldsmith and
the printer or bookseller. This gradually
increased the trades and trades unions also.
THE

=. a

SPECULUM.

ios

In 1848 there were eleven, while now there
are over one hundred in the city of Paris
alone, having in all 15,000 members. In Eng-
land we find unions existing under greater dif-
ficulties during their early history, as they
were considered contrary to the public
policy as well as a conspiracy for the restric-
tion of trade. Those who belonged to such
were liable to fine and
imprisonment. At first it was impossible
to secure a hall of any kind in which to hold
their meetings and they were compelled to
resort to the public places where intoxicat-
ing liquors were sold and it is not strange
that drank. The people
became accustomed to the unions in this
light; but the latter gradually growing
stronger were able to secure better places
for their meetings, and steadily outgrew the
public prejudice. In our day, however, all
unions are based upon temperance princi-
ples, a fact which is shown by their kindly
feelings toward all temperance and Chris-
tian endeavors. No man is allowed mem-
bership if he is a lawyer, a banker, a broker
or a handler of intoxicating liquors in any
form, either as a brewer, a bartender, or an
agent thereof.

In England they have doubled their mem-
bership in the last sixteen years. In the last
six, they have spent the sum of $10,000,000,
for their benefit, of which $1,000,006 went
to charity, $750,000 to men out of employ-
ment, $800,000 for the settlement of strikes,
and they now have $1,800,000 on hand.
American labor societies have also had many
difficulties to contend with, but within the
last quarter of acentury the organization
known as the Knights of Labor, has grown
from a small to a mighty society, before
which all political parties and corporations
are beginning ‘to tremble.

organizations

some finally

The objects of trades unions are to make
industrial and moral worth, not wealth, the
true standard of individual and national
greatness; secondly, to secure for the worker
tke full enjoyment of the wealth he creates;

thirdly, leisure time in which to develop his
intellectual, moral and social qualities.

A strong point in favor of many unions ts
that a literary program has been adopted, in
the exercises of which are discussed subjects
of peculiar interest to the members: Such as
“Convict Labor,” ‘Eight Hours,” “Child
Labor,” and “How can the Toiler Secure a
just Share of the Wealth he Produces.”
All these, united with beneficial and friendly
objects, help to gain friends for these
societies,

It was but afew years ago that the tem-
perate laboring man plodded on from day to
day, eating and living mechanically, per-
haps reading a cheap newspaper before
going to bed at night, This was all that
was left for the laboring man unless he
spent his extra time at gay but dangerous
saloons; but there was no advancement in
either of these for him. Now he can put
on his best clothes, once or twice a week
and, taking his wife perhaps, meet his fellow
workingmen at some public place, where he
can engage in debate on some subject of
interest.

The Labor Party is growing stronger
every day. Never has there been as much
enthusiasm shown for it as at the present
time. At a recent trades-union congress
which met at St. Louis, Mo., 500,000 men
banded themselves together to struggle for
their rights, and they will surely be success-
ful if they stand together for the final rush,
which will overpower all opposition if any
is offered.

Every day brings us nearer to the time
when the laborer and the capitalist will be
considered equals. As capital becomes
stronger labor becomes weaker; and unless
the working men act before it is too late by
standing together and demanding their
tights, they will be reduced to slavery, held
down by the foot of tyrannical capital.

There wide difference
unionism and socialism ; the first seeks to get
what rightfully belongs to him; the latter to

is a between
106

THE SPECULUM.

es

take from all, whether it belongs to him or
not. The socialist says, “all men are created
equal,” but this does not compel us to give
up our hard-earned money to a shiftless
neighbor, who, through his lack of energy
has made himself what he is in life.

While socialism is this, true unionism is
the alvancement of its members by legiti-
mate ways. A well-organized body of men
can gain their point, where a dozen mobs
will fail.

The decrease of crime is attributed to the
better education of the working class. Now
the trades unions tend to educate their mem-
bers and therefore they help in the decrease
of crime.

In following the course of history we
see the rise of the laborer from the cendition
of slavery nearly, to that in which he seeks
to be a man,

The American nation, as a whole, is a
noble great-hearted people and loves justice
and mercy. In no country is it possible to
arouse such a high degree of enthusiasm for
right, and right will surely prevail when
once clearly recognized,

SCIENTIFIC,

Natural History Society.

Meeting, April 11, 1890, called to order
by President Lowe. Mr. Gardner gave a
short paper on Aleurone, describing it and
telling where it is found, and of its import-
ance. Mr. A. B. Cook then gave a very
racy and interesting talk on Michigan owls,
illlustrating his remarks with stuffed spec-
imens of the Great American horned owl,
which, next to the barn owl, is the most
common species here; the snowy owl,
which is sometimes found in this vicinity,
but is more abundant farther north; the
barn owl, which is the most common of our
species, and the red or screech owl. In the
discussion which followed several interesting
observations were reported. Dr, Beal had

known an owl to break a trap chain and
carry the trap for more than a month before
being taken. Mr. Teller had seen one
catching mice and storing them in rows on
the girth in a barn for future use. Prof,
Cook spoke of an owl in California which
has the curious havit of sitting on a post or
shrub by the roadside and bowing to passers
by.

Mr. E. J. Rowley read the following
paper on Veterinary Dentistry: “ The
special class in veterinary, this term, have
been occupied in dissecting the legs of the
horses killed last fall, and also in dissecting
a fresh specimen. They have also spent
considerable time in making plaster casts of
horses’ teeth. The legs of the specimens
killed last fall were preserved in a bath con-
sisting of ro lbs. K N O,, 140 Ibs. H,O and
50 lbs. NaCl. A second bath consisted of
salicylic acid 1 lb. and 140 Ibs. H,O, but Dr.
Grange considers the first to be the better
preservative. Both anterior and posterior
limbs were taken from the bath and con-
verted into natural skeletons. This sort of
dissection is laborious, for one has to work
slowly in proximity to the ligaments, and the
operation of scraping the bones to make
them entirely free of muscles and periton-
eum is a slow process. After finishing their
special dissections, the class commenced to
make plaster casts of horses’ teeth. The
clay was obtained from the brick yard, and
the first used was in lumps; later the clay was
ground before being mixed with water. In
the laboratory the clay is mixed either with
warm or cold water until it is in such a plas-
tic condition that it will hold its shape and
yet not be brittle. To get the clay in this
condition several minor experiments were
tried; we mixed the clay with varnish,
glycerine, kerosene, linseed oil, suet, etc.,
but all to no avail. The effect of oils upon
the clay was to render it granular, and hence
brittle. The method finally adopted is to
mix the clay with water and apply it to the
object to be cast. We have used wax and
THE

SPECULUM

1D

the world, from 60 degrees north latitude to
as far south as Patagonia. In habits they
vary much. Most of them prefer dry,
sandy places, but some live in trees and others
in water. The are both herbivorous and
carnivorous. The Iguana, of the southwest,
isa good type of lizard.
we have the horned toads, which are, there-
fore, not toads at all, but lizards. In these
the legs are short and placed well out on the
sides of the body, which is depressed and
squatty; the tail is short and covered by

scales and spines. On the head are two

long ridges over the eyes, which, with the |

jaws, form deep grooves in which the eyes
are situated. The Chameleon is a highly
specialized lizard. Its feet are peculiarly
adapted to its mode of life. The eyes are
large and peculiar in being nearly covered
by the lids, Another peculiar lizard is the
Brittle-tail, or glass snake, of which Mr.
Mullett exhibited a specimen that had been
recently received from Texas, This lizard
is very snake like in appearance and motions.
It derives its name from the fact that it
requires but a slight blow to snap off its tail,
which grows on again.

Prof. Cook next gave a short talk on the
“Agricultural Ant of Texas. It resembles
our common red ant very much, but is about
three times as long. It probably exhibits
more intelligence than any other inverte-
brate. This is especially shown in their
methods of constructing their habitations.
If they build on low land that is liable to be
overflowed they build mounds and cover
them with a cement, but if on high ground
they do not build mounds, Around their
habitations they clear a circle of from six to
sixteen feet in diameter, and in almost every
case around this circle is a row of ant rice.
It seems, therefore, that they not only clear
the land, but sow the seed, as this rice 1s
always in a circle. If their grain becomes
wet after it is stored they remove it from
the store-room until it is dry and then return
it.

Under Iguanide |

THE SPECdbUM,

PUBLISHED MONTHLY DURING THE COLLEGE YEAR,
BY THE STUDENTS

Or THE MICHIGAN STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.

=

Trees, 75 CENTS A YEAR; SINGLE NuMuERs, 10 CENTs,
ADVERTISING RATES MADE KNOWN ON APPLICATION,

i" Ali subscriptions will be regarded as continued, unless
we are notified to the contrary,

[f this item is marked, your subscription is in arrears,

——

a

OF DIRECTORS.

UNION LITERARY SOCIETY,
W. Babcock, Ju. Editor-in-Chief, Literary Articles and
Editorials.
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.
A. B. CORDLEY, .
PHI DELTA THETA FRATERNITY.
Jay BR. McCown, - = - College News.
DELTA TAU DELTA FRATERNITY.
B. K. Bentley, - . -

ECLECTic SOcrIETY.
Colleges and Exchanges.

BOARD

Science.

= =

Athletics.

kK, B, McPuHerson,
OLYMPIC SOCIETY,
W. A, Fox, : *

- Personals.

Business Manager,
Ausst. Business Manaprer.
Treasurer.

C, BF, Rittincer, .
F. W. AsuTon, : -
Sec. H, G. Revie,

AGRICULTURAL CoLLEGE, May 10, 1890.

STuDENTs and alumni, subscribe for THE
SpecuLum. However, don’t do so because
you wish to be charitable. Try the paper
awhile, and if you have the least bit of interest
in your Alma Mater or your old class-mates
you will not go without it. Remember, our
business manager is very obliging and will
gladly write your receipt at any time it Is
convenient for you to send in your money.

Wit much reason many of the cadet
officers are greatly dissatishied with an

arrangement by which an alumnus and an

assistant in another department is given an
office in the corps of cadets. It is felt that
to the students, and to the students only,

belong the officers of the corps. If a cadet
is not given the opportunity of commanding,

‘the chances are he'll not show any great

ability in that line. It is not a sufficient rea-
110

THE SPECULUM.

Ee se Emil

son to say that an assistant is needed in the
Military Department, when that assistant,
from the fact that he holds a cadet’s office,
prevents the students, for whom the drill
was instituted, from advancing. Possibly
an assistant is as advantageous to the Mil-
itary Department, in some respects, as such
a person is to any of the others; but so far as
he occupies places that might be filled by
students, just so far he becomes a disadvan-
tage.

TuHere will be no ffarrow this year.
When the Harrow was first published, in
1887, it was hoped and expected that each
sophomore class would carry out the work
of publication, but here, after only three
successful issues, comes a discouraging failure.
Qf course, the obligation to publish an annual
is simply a moral one; there exists, outside
the class of ’92, no authority over the matter,
but the failure is a serious one, and one
which most of us regret. Had legitimate
reasons for making the omission presented
themselves no fault could be found, but with
the flimsiest of excu-es the present sophomore
class has shirked from the responsibility.

An annual has been found to be almost a
necessity, and a plan to put the publication
into more responsible hands should be devised
atonce. It is now proposed that the socie-
ties, through a board of editors, similar to
that of THe SpecuiuM, publish an annual.
This would certainly be better than depend-
ing upon the caprices of a single class,
though, of course, it would not necessarily
prevent the continuance of the pre ent
annual. The plan is worthy the careful
consideration of the societies. |

THE committee appointed last fall to draft
amendments to THz SrecuLu™ constitution
appears to be quietly sleeping. Those who
have good memories will recollect that the
amendments required were to be relative to
admitting the Mechanical Club. The plan
of establishing a new department expressly
for the club was rejected, while a scheme to

put more than one editor on a department,
though advocated by a new committee, failed
to assume a very definite form.
of having a plurality of editors for one
department has not proved satisfactory else-

The plan

where.
department of which are two editors, finds
that it is not an unqualified success,

One of our exchanges, over each

Its pat-
rons are awaking to the fact, that as the
blame for a poor department is divided, each
editor finds it more convenient and pleasant
to neglect his college paper work. So too,
neither will exert himself particularly, since
his negligent colleague will receive as much
credit as himself. This is the condition our
exchange finds itself in, and weé shall be
wise if we profit by its experiences. The
way to settle the matter is to allow the
Mechanical Club to come in, creating a
department expressly for it. It is true there
are objections to this plan, but of the two
horns of the dilemma this seems to be the
least harmful. However, as usual, it has
been found easier to offer objections than
to propose suitable remedies, easier to tear
down than to build up, It is about time the
affair was decided and the club allowed a
chance.

COLLEGE NEWS.

Pane —

Tennis, base ball, foot ball.

Lieut. and Mrs. Simpson—a girl.

Mrs. Reynolds is visiting her mother at Mexico. Mo,

Pipes for the heating of College Hall are being put
in,

Arnold White was re-elected steward of the bath-
house.

The base ball grounds are undergoing an over-
hauling.

Messrs. Wheeler and Toumey are working up the
local flora,

A new bridge across the run between College Hall
and Abbot Hall.

An elementary class in German meets at Prof.
Cook's every week.

Mrs. Abbot was at the college at the memorial-ser-
vices of Dr. Thurber,
THE SPECULUM.

IIt

— —

The veterinary laboratory is being filted up for the
study of Twherculosis.

Mrs. Dewey went to Chicago the goth ult., expect-
ing to stay the rest of the term.

Some flowers from the greenhouse here were in the
flower exhibit at Detroit, recently.

Mrs. Colburn is spending the last two or three
weeks of the term visiting her parents.

Mr, Langs is carrying the mail between Lansing
and the college in Mr, Breining's place.

Mrs. C. L. Moore, or better known to us as Miss
Mary Abbot, is with her husband in Italy.

Four young foxes were found by the farm hands in
No. 16. They may be seen in the piggery.

Lieut, Simpson has charge of the fire brigade.
They are making good progress in their drill.

At the auction sale in Lansing, recently, Prof. Cook
sold a fine Hambletonian colt to Lieut. Simpson.

The Edison lights are already up in the library and
the electric lighting was successfully tried the 5th inst.

The advanced German class, which has been under
the leadership of Prof. Anderson, has closed for a
vacation,

The decoration of the chapel with flowers on Sun-
days by Mrs. Knapper has conduced much to a pleas-
ant appearance.

The engiaeering class went to Grand Ledge the 8th
inst,. and put in the rest of the week surveying and
triangulating there.

A fire started by an oil stove started in Howard
Terrace the 3rd inst., but timely discovery prevented
very much damage.

The memorial services of the assassination of Presi-
dent Lincoln were represented by a beautiful design
of flowers from our college.

Prof, Cook has lately sold six fine head of cattle to
Hon. O. Palmer of the State Board. He has also sold
two head to Geo. E. Breck, '78.

Ex-Senator Horace C. Spenser of Flint has been
chosen to fill the vacancy on the State Board, made by
the resignation of Col. McCreery.

Prof, Cook’s book on “Silo and Silage,” issued first
in 1889, has sold to the number of 14,000. The second
edition was issued early this year.

The Y. M. C, A. social, April 25, was a success. It
was similar to the one given a month before, a literary
and musical program and games being in vogue.

Quite a few additions have been made to the library.
They may be enumerated as—twenty-nine volumes
by. purchase, and by donation eight bound and twenty
four unbound.

Mr. K. S. Thabue, our Burmese student, gave a
lecture in the chapel, April 18. It was very interest-
ing, being accompanied by many curiosities. Two
ladies in the native dress represented the costumes of
two classes,

ee

Officers of the Mechanical club for next term have
been chosen: President, William Petrie; vice presi-
dent, E, A. Stricker; secretary, G. A. Hawley ; treas-

-urer, P, A. Barlow.

The tennis players of Howard Terrace enjoy a new
“skin” court, the only one of the kind on the grou nds,
Clay was drawn and packed to a hard, even surface,
making a fine court.

A setofsome three hundred and sixty Canadian
mosses have been purchased, at a reduced price, of
Sir John MeCoun, to replace those lost by the burning
of the botanical laboratory.

The college has just received from E. R. Lake, ‘8s,
a pair of beautiful Mongolian pheasants which have
become very valuable game birds in Oregon. They
will be kept for breeding purposes.

W. WIL Morrison represents us on the inter-collegi-
ate field-day committee, and C. F, Rittinger is our
local manager. The faculty have granted a dismissal
of college for June 5-7, for the field day at Albion.

The stewards of the various boarding clubs have
been elected as follows: ‘‘A,’’ \W.O. Hedrick; “B,"
B. O, Johnson; “C," F. W. Ashton; ““D,’’ K. L. But-
terfield; “‘E,"’ Fred Goodenough ; “‘F," C. T. Cook,

Drs. Beale and Kedzie have lately been visiting the
jack-pine experiment stations. They were both at
Grayling the first of the month, as was also Prof. Taft,
who was overseeing the planting out of an experi-
metital orchard.

A package of seven hundred elegant herbarium
specimens from Texas and New Mexico have arrived
at the botanical department and are being mounted.
They were collected by C. B. Pringle, who is perhaps
the best professional collector in America.

Prof Woodworth's lecture, April 16, on ‘‘student
life with an electrical company," and Prof. Noble's:
lecture, April 30, on “James Russell Lowell, the poet
and his poetry’ were two very, interesting and
instructive discourses of the mouth.

Officers of the senior class were elected as follows:

President, H. L. Bunnell; vice president, H. E.
Bunce; secretary, J. H. Heard; treasurer, E. A.
Stricker ; marshal, E. G. Cooney.
_ Literary officers for class day are:

Orator, C. F. Rittinger; statistician, Chas, Ferris .
historian, B. K. Bentley; prophet, R, B. McPherson;
poet, H. F. Hall; toast master, J. H.F. Mullett.

All old students will be interested in hearing of the
present condition of Dr, Abbot. He is manifestly
feebler than last fall both in body and mind. He can-
not walk, but is able to leave his bed every day, being
wheeled around the house in a chair. He is able to
sit at the table, and partly to feed himself. He under-
stands a part of what is said to him, recognizes a few
of his most intimate friends, and replies in monosyl-
lables to questions immediately concerning himself,
but the past seems to him mainly a blank, Mrs.
Abbot's health is good, enabling her to devote her
entire time and strength to the care of her husband,
Itz

THE SPECULUM.

re = —ss

Dr. Geo. Thurber, professor of horticulture and
botany here from 1860 to 1863, died at his home at
Passaic, N. J., April 2. Since leaving the college
he had been actively engaged on the editorial board
of the American Agriculturist. Memorialservices were
held in the chapel, April 20, at which President Clute,
Dr. Beale, Prof. Cook and Dr. Miles gave eulogies,

Prof. Comstock of Cornell University has resigned
his position as Entomological Editor of The American
Naturalist on account of ill health, He recommended
Prof. Cook for the position. Prof. Cook was urged to
take the place by Prof. E. D. Cope,the editor of the
Naturalist, but for lack of time could not accept the
position. Wrof. Cook in return recommends Prof. C.
M. Weed,'83 of the Ohio University, who has accepted
the position, All who know Mr. Weed will feel sure

of his success. He isto be congratulated, as this is a-

very responsible position.

The societies have elected officers as follows:

Union /tlerary—President, Howard G. Hall; vice
président, William Petrie; secretary, W. E. Hall;
treasurer, W. A. Maxfield.

Olpmpic—President, H, Z. Ward; vice president,
C. T. Cook ; secretary, G. W. Davis; treasurer, H. W.
Mumford.

a kc aptair ot H. B, Fuller ; vice president,
Undere; secretary, A. N, Bateman; treasurer,
D. Trine.

Delta Tau Mefta—President, B. K. Bentley; vice
president, W. D. Groesbeck; secretary, L. C. Slayton;
treasurer, W. F. Hopkins.

Phi Dela Thefa--Fresident, H. F. Hall; secretary,
G. F. Bristol; treasurer, C. F. Weiderman.

A service in memory of Dr. George Thurber, who

was Professor of Botany and Horticulture in this col-
lege from 1859 to 1863, and what recently died at his
home in Passaic, N. J., was held in the college
‘chapel on Sunday, April 20. Excellent music was
rendered by the choir, under the leadership of Mr.
.Peebles. President Clute read the scriptures and
conducted the devotional service, and the whole con-
gregation joined ina responsive reading. Dr. W. J.
Beal paid the hearty tribute of an able botanist to the
memory of his eminent fellow worker in the same
field. Prof. Manly Miles of Lansing, who was associ-
ated with Dr. Thurber in the faculty here, gave many
teminiscences of his old friend, that were both hum-
orous and touching. Prof. A. J. Cook, who as a stu-
dent under Dr. Thurber knew him intimately, spoke
of him most cordially a3 aman and a friend.  Presi-
dent Clute, who was also a student in his classes,
spoke strongly of his ability as ateacher. We print
elsewhere a large part of his address. Appreciative
letters had been received from Prof. A. N. Prentiss,
who was a student under Dr. Thurber and followed
him as Professor of Botany and Horticulture here, and
also from Dr. F, M. Hexamer who has been for many
years associated with Dr. T. in the editorship of the
American Agriculturist. Our florist, Mr. Knapper, had
brought to the decoration of the chapel many of the
plants which the Doctor had loved so well. It was a
service long to be remembered.

om.
oeeeem e a

PERSONALS.

Se a

We desire the earnest co-operation of every person
who has ever been connected with the college in try-
ing to make this department an interesting one.. Let
every alumnus and every person who has been. with
classes here send in news to the editor of this depart-
ment, often, thus making his work much easier and
the department more interesting to all.

“hl.

Prof. A. N, Prentiss of Cornell University sent an
admirable letter for the Memorial Service of Dr,
Thurber.

Wire “Ol,

Judge Allen B. Morse read a very touching paper at
the Memorial Service of Judge Campbell.

nae.

Prof. Cook of M. A. C. has been offered the position
of entomological editor of the American Naturalist.
It is evident that the professor could not bear the idea
of leaving the M. A. C. campus; and further we might
say that the boys could not bear the idea of his going,
so he modestly declined the envied position, and
recommended Clarence M. Weed, of 'S2, for the posi-
tion. Mr. Weed is of the Ohio experimental station,

ie.

Frank Hodgman has just published two pieces of
sheet music, one on the “ La Grippe,’’ with which he
had a severe struggle. He has sent them to the col-
lege to see if the boys can “ grippe" any harmony out
of them.

‘oT.

Daniel Strange of Grand Ledge writes very happily,
and is certainly basking in the beams of prosperity. .
He heartily advocates the idea of a history of M. A. C.

"ah. .

Prof. J. Satterlee, assistant secretary of the New
York Agricultural Society, recently visited the col-
lege and pronounced everything on the boom,

Richard Haigh, Jr., was a guest at the residence of
Pres, Clute lately, Mr, Haigh is in the life insurance
business at Kalamazoo. He and our foreman of the
gardens, Mr. Gulley, were pards.

In our last issue, we regret to say, that we had the
Gulley brothers pretty badly mixed up. A. G. Gulley
of '69, not O. P. Gulley of "79, succeeded Mr. Crandall
as foreman of the M. A. C. gardens.

C. W. Garfield writes a cordial endorsement of the
project of preparing a history of the College.

‘Ti.

E. M. Shelton has arrived at his new post of duty in
New South Wales, Australia. He reports everything
moving vigorously, and plenty to do.

"Td.

One of the many brilliant stars of the class of ‘73 is
Jno, P. Finley, Lieutenant Signal Corps, U.S.A, He
is a member of the Meteorological Society of France,
and has recently made his name famous by his Ocean
THE SPECULUM.

113

“Meteorology.”” Another book on ‘' Tornadoes" is
in the hands of the publishers, Mr. Finley is in
charge of the New England division of General
Weather Service and the Atlantic division of Military
Telegraph. Since October, 1849, he has made two
inspection trips through the New England States, New
York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

“4.

H. B. Jenny isa successful lawyer and surveyor at
Capac. He took an important part in the Farmers’
_ Institute held at Imlay City.

Perhaps it will be interesting to the students of '74
and "75 to learn that E. H. Hume, the genial foreman
of the farm during those years, wag elected super-
visor of Lansing township this spring.

‘TT.

Albert Dodge, chairman Prohibition State Central
Committee in 1888, is now busily employed organizing
Good Templar and Temperance lodges throughout
the State.

W. C. Latta, formerly of Ligonier, Ind., late professor
of Agriculture at Purdue University, has had charge
of the Farmers’ Institutes of Indiana for the past year,
He says that he will have the Hoosiers waked up by
another year in a manner that will astonish the
natives, and we know that the staying Hoosier quali-
ties of Prof. Latta will enable him to make his word
good,

78.

G. E. Breck is about to start on his second trip to
Europe to import Cleveland Bay horses. No matter
what George takes hold of, he seems to get there all
around.

Prof, C. C. Georgeson received a half-column notice
from the Topeka, Kansas, Farner, highly commend-
ing his recent address before the Ohio Dairyman’s
Association.

We are sorry to note that C, J. Strang buried his
young wife on April 30 The blow seems greater
when we consider that Mr. Strank has three mother-
less childrento care for. The Rev. A.B. Peebles of the
College officiated at the funeral.

R. H. Gulley, principal of the Mason high school,
has been offered the position of superintendent of the
Jackson schools. Mr. Gulley has made a brilliant
record in Mason, and it is thought he will accept the
offer.

‘81.

Sherman Upton is devoting bis surplus energies to
the manufacturing of entomologists out of school
children at Elm Creek, Nebraska, He expects to send
some of them to catch bugs on the M. A. C. campus
soon,

; "Bo

W. HH. Coffron is still chemist for the Flint, Mar-
quette and East Saginaw railroad at East Saginaw,
Mich. He spent a few days at the college recently.

"3.

H. W. Baird expects to graduate from the law
department of the University in June.

H. W. Collingwood is now managiug editor of the
Rural New Yorker. The paper has changed hands,
and under the new arrangement Mr, Collingwood has
full sway.

0. C. Howe spent May Day at M. A.C. He owns a
fine farm of 160 acres near the Indiana line, and is
genialand good-natured enough to be a Hoosier.

"Bd.
©. L. Hershiser, fora number of years apiarist at
Big Tree Corners, N. Y., is studying law at Buffalo.

He says that he very much regrets that he did not
commence the study of law earlier.

Prof. C. E. Smith of Schoolcraft will send some
young men from his school to the M. A. C. next fall.
That is the kind of talk we like to hear. ©. K.

"85.

C. B. Collingwood expects to be here at next com-
mencement to take an M. S. degree. He is. still
chemist at the Arkansas experiment station, and
reports the world using him well.

With "sé.

Guy Osborne, traveling salesman for a wholesale
drug house in Chicago, spent some time at the M. A-
C. a few weeks ago.

‘ST.
J. C. Duffey, recently foreman in the Horticultural
Department of Dakota Agricultural College, has

accepted a position in Shaw's Botanical Gardens, St.
Louis, Mo.

Wire "87.

T. A. Berker is married and making money, and by
present prospects will be rich enough to engage in
Hoosier politics before long. He lives near the home
of the “tall sycamore," at Terra Haute, Ind.

"#0.

Alex. Moore is rusticating at 1422 Pleasant street,
Port Huron, Mich, He says that everything is boom-
ing in that section, and that he expects to commence
the study of law this month.

GG. L. Flower is making a railroad survey in the
wilderness near Pineville, Ky.

W. Rossman is in the employ of Park, Davis & Co.,
Detroit, Mich.

F.N. Clark and his best girl are getting tolerable
intimate. They are going out sailing this summer.
We have reason to think that it will be the “ honey-
mon, 7"

With "Bo,

A. L, Free is taking a course in elocution at Ann
Arbor. Not long since he took a leading part in a
play entitled “Six Months Ago," in the city opera,
It4

THE SPECULUM,

ae

Wroowvin oh,
J. P. Lockwood is in the insurance business at Fre-
mont, Ohio,
A clipping from the New Era, Albion, Ind., reads
as follows: “ Harry M. Williams is now local editor of
the North Baltimore #eacon, North Baltimore, Ohio.

He is exceptionally well qualified to fill the position,
and we wish him unbounded success."

N.C. Smith and J. L. Morris are rooming together
at 49 Ada street, Chicago. N. C. is working for the
North American News Co., while Jack is at his old
trade. N.C. ordered a copy of THE SPECULUM, and
says he has seen the famous J. R. Stack in the city
_ several times,

W. E. Wallace is working for the. Northwestern
Furnishing Co., at Burlington, Iowa.

eee
=

ATHLETICS.

Ata meeting of the Field Day directors, from the
various colleges, at Jackson, April 12, the 5th, 6th and
7th of June were chosen as the dates for holding the
third annual meeting of the Inter-collegiate Athletic
Association. The place selected for the meeting is
Albion, The following officers were elected: Presi-
dent, W. Will Morrison, M. A. C.; Vice President,
C. W, Macomber, Hillsdale; Secretary, L. W. Ander-
son, Albion ; Treasurer, O. H. Westburg, Olivet. The
following Field Day rules were adopted by the board:

RULE 1.—All entries shall be in the hands of the
secretary by May 30.

RULE 2.—No person can be a contestant who has
not been a student enrolled in one of the colleges of
the association within a year previous,

RULE j3.—Any contestant forfeits his right in the
contest who is not on the ground when the event is
called ; provided the event is called according to pro-
gramme.

RULE 4.—But three entries may be sent to the sec-
retary by each college in any given sport. Only the
two first named shall become contestants, except one
ofthem shall, either through sickness or injury, be
unable to participate, I

RULE §.—The limits for weights in boxing and
wrestling are as follows: Feather-weight, 120 lbs. and
under; Light-weight, 120 Ibs. to 140 |bs., inclusive:
Middle weight, 140 lbs. to 160 Ibs., inclusive; Heavy-
eight, 160 1bs. and over,

A tax of $200°00 will be raised to pay the Field Day
expenses, and will belevied per capita on the male
students of the four colleges.

The following is a program of the sports, which,
with perhaps a few changes, will be adhered to on

Field Day:

THURSDAY AFTERNOON,

Base ball, M. A.C. ws. Albion -Pennant.
4op.™., foot ball, M.A... vs. Olivet—Poot ball,

Supper. - Gg
Thursday evening reception, in chapel, at 3r.M. Program,

Music, two pieces by each college,
FRAY, 3A. ™.

Law tennis, doubles, two counts—Silver Medal,

At the same time the following sports will take

place:

Base ball throw—Silver Medal.
Throwing 16 th. hammer—Silver Medal.
Putting 16 th, shol—Memento,
Standirg hop, step and jump—Silver Medal.
Running hop, step and jump—Silver Medal.
Standing high jump—Silver Medal,
Running high jump—Silver Medal,
High handspring: jamp—Memento,
Broad handsprin fump—Silver Medal.
lo A. M., base ball, Olivet vs, Hillsdale.
Dinner,
Fray, 1:30 r. m,
One hundred yards dash—Silver Medal,
Fifty vards backward dash— Memento,
Two hondred and twenty yards rice—Silver Medal,
Eight hundred and eighty yards run—Silver Medal,
Lawn tennis, singles, two courts—Silver Medal,

During tennis contest the following sports will take

place:
Stauding broad jump—Silver Medal,
Running broad jump—Silver Medal.
Backward jump—Memento,
hree jumps—Silver Medal.
Pole vaulting—Silver Medal.
Runuing high kick~Silver Medal.
Hitch and kick—Silver Medal.
4p. M., base ball, winners of first contest vs. winners of sec

ond contest,

Supper.
Freipay EvENING at 7:30, at Orrra Hovse,

Clab swinging—Indian Clubs equal to Silver Medal,

Wrestling, Catch-as-coteh-can :

Heavy -wei shi—Silver Medal,

Middle-weight—Silver Medal,

Light-weight—Silver Medal,

Feather-weight—Silver Medal.

Side hold, Middle-weight—Silver Medal,

Greco-Roman, Middle-weieht—Silver Medal.

Herizontal bar—Silver Medal.

Parallel bar—Silver Medal.

Boxing :

Heavy-weight—Silver Medal.

Middle-weight—Silver Medal.

Light-welght—Silver Medal.

Feather weight—Silver Medal,

Nore—Ia wrestling and boxing each contestant is to have
but one contest that evening, where there are but three contest-
ants.

SATURDAY, 3 A. M.

Lawn tennis, doubles, winners of previous contest,

At the same time the following sports will take
place:

Four hundred yards Bicycle Race—Fancy Bicycle.

‘Tug-of-war, Albion vs, M, A. C.—Five Mementoes,

Tug-of-war, Hillsdale vs, Olivet-—Five Mementoes,

Three legged race—Two Mementocs.

Relay race, one mile, four in team—Mementoes and Cap, -

Tug-of-war, winners of previous contests—Cup,

Finish wrestling.

Finish boxing. .

10.4. M0, base ball, losers of first and second contests.

1:30 ». M,

Tennis, singles, winners of previous contests—Silver Medal.

At the same time the following sports will take
place:

Foor hundred and forty yards dash—Silver Medal. -
Passing Rugby—Silver Medal,
Drop kick Kugby—Silver Medal. ,
ee rai race, three and one half foot hurdle--Silver or Gold
' Oli.

Foot ball, Albion vs, winner of previous game, ;
In the base ball games the National League rules
will prevail,

Our athletes are beginning to hustle to get into train-
ing in time for field day. The base ball team-is as
strong as the M. A. C. teams of other years have been,

-.with the exception perhaps of the batting, which has

not been tried as yet. Foot ball is undergoing a de-
cided boom, and much credit is due to the players for
THE SPECULUM. 115

the energy they put into the sport. Itis to be hoped COLLEGES.
that this college will be able to maintain a foot ball

team in the future.
As evidence of the fact that the other colleges are
hustling in athletic matters the following article fram

Harvard's athletics, in all the branches, cost each
student about $24 last year.

the Free Press of April 14, speaks for itself: Ann Arbor’s Glee and Banjo Club has just returned
Keep your eye out for Olivet College next June at from a very successful trip.
inter-collegiate feld day. The new gymnasium has The first game of foot-ball in America was played

inspired the boys with new zeal for athletics, and they | ; '
will make a great showing. Base ball and foot ball | '" 1867: between Harvard and Yale.
teams have been organized and each member of these In the class of ’Sg at Cornell, out of ninety graduates,

teams is compelled by wr itten contract with the man- | ten per cent. were ladies, yet they won sixty per
ager to doa stated number of hours work inthe gym- |: “ae . .
nasium each day, besides the regular field work of cent. of the honors. Ex. Who says that co-education
which there will be plenty. Both teams will be uni- | 15 Not a good thing, for the ladies at least?

farmed this spring.

Denmark has 1 University, 4o professors and 1,400
students. Russia has § Universities, 582 professors
and “6,900 students. Spain has to Universities, 380
professors and 16,200 students. Austria has 1o Uni-

In the horizontal and parallel bar work, and in al) | versities, 1,810 professors and 13,600 students, Great
contests which require gymnasium training in order to | Britain has 11 Universities, 334 professors and 13,400-
complete successfully, Olivet has not been heretofore | students. The United States of America has 360 Uni-
represented, but will be next field day. versities. 4,240 professors and 69,400 students,

ee

Olivet has had the lead in lawn tennis, since the
organization of the inter-collegiate association and
will without doubt maintain it this spring.

are

IN | FRED W. BERTCH,
OUR Manufacturing

Depar tment Wholesale and Retail Dealer in
We employ the

Largest force of Fresh and Salt Meats

Jewelers in the State, and
Have unequaled facilities for
Producing Artistic Jewelry and-

Society Badges of Every Description, POULTRY, GAME IN SEASON.
Wright, Kay & Co, | (

IMPORTERS & JEWELERS.
140 Woodward Ave, - -< DETRPIT.

or

WEBBER & Buck «:..

WE CARRY ALL THE

bates! Noveltics ta Purnis
We are Sole Agents for the Celebrated DUNLAP HAT.

Special Attention Paid to College Trade. Call and See Us.
224 WASHINGTON AVE. SOUTH.

No. 333 Washington Ave. South.

Telephonic Communication,

Pp. 5.—Have just received a Full Line of Gents’ Black Underwear.
THE

SPECULUM.

ee

FOR THE FINEST

Photographi¢ + Work

—Go TO—

CASSEY & RILEY,

OVER LANSING NATIONAL BANK.

SPECIAL RATES TO STUDENTS.

OUT-DOOR GROUPS MADE ON SHORT NOTICE.

If you want Stylish Furniture, go to
COWLES BROS.

If you want Good Furniture, go to
COWLES BROS,

If you want Cheap Furniture, go to
COWLES BROS.

Hudson & Baird Block,
275 Washington Ave. S., Lansing, Mich.

Special Inducements to Students.

J. C. HUFFMAN,

-BANER * and *. GONFECTIONER,

Makes the Best Bread and Ice Cream,
304 Washington Ave. N.,

Lansing, Mich. |

— atone Sk DT seemless eee deme me

WW, RAPLEER, .
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in

Jewelry, Watches, Glocks,
Diamonds, Silver and Plated Ware,

119 Washington Ave., Lanaing.

REPAIRING NEATLY DONE.

STUDENTS FIND AT

G. W. FRARY’S STORE

A large and fine line of

GENT’S HATS AND CAPS.

IN ALL THE LATEST STYLES.

Tennis Shoes!
Tennis Shoes!
Tennis Shoes!

Men's, Boys’, Women's, Misses’ and Children's

OXFORD AND LACE.

The largest stock of all kinds of foot wear can
be found at

mo mr SALIS SVR ’S,
237 Washington Ave. 5., Opp. Hotel Downey.

YOU WILL FIND US

Directly opposite Hotel Downey, in one of the Best

Ground Floor Photograph Galleries

In the State. We do all kinds of work known to
the art, and always try to excel all com-
petition. We offer
Special [nducements

to all connected with the STATE AGRICULTURAL
COLLEGE

SAVIGNY & CHRISTMAS. -
THE SPECULUM.

ABOUT ADVERTISEMENTS.

Stupents, Ler us PATRONIZE THOSE Wuo PATRONIZE Us. THOSE WHO TAKE
EnouGH INTEREST IN US TO ADVERTISE IN OUR PAPER SURELY

DESERVE Our PATRONAGE.

The M. Cc. Lilley & Co.

HEADQUARTERS FOR

MILITARY GOODS OF ALL KINDS.

REGALIA SUPPLIES, BAND EQUIPMENTS, AND
UNIFORMS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS.

Special Inducements to Students and those getting up Clubs or Companies,
COLUMBUS, OHIO.

eS TE cere Seger

THE ONE-PRICE CASH SHOE DEALER, Respect-
|] FINN fully Solicits a share of your patronage. Special Prices given

to Large Orders. Corner opposite Hore: Downey,
LANSING, MiIcu.

J. S. MOFFETT,

JOHN HERRMANN,
| ~ op DENTIST!
(Pe reha real Oailor Twenty-two years’ experience asa Practical

Dentist. The only Dentist in Lansing who

228 Washington Ave. N., is a graduate of a Dental College.
Opposite Opera House Block, BrinGE Work or TEETH WITHOUT
Keeps. the largest selection of fine Cloths PLaTes. GOLD OR PORCELAIN
in Central Michigan. CROWNS.

STYLE AND WORKMANSHIP THE very Best | Dffice ower Lansing National Bank, Lansing.

U. H.. FORESTER, | VO/SELLE & LAROSE,

WHOURAIE AND EEDA Wall Paper & Decorations.

Books, Stationery, Toys, Fancy Goods SREY
THE BIG WINDOW, WASHINGTON AVE., DRUGS, PERFUMES, SPECTACLES.

CITY HALL BLOCK,
Lansing, Mich.

LANSING, - - - - MICHIGAN.

THE SPECULUM

NOTICE .—You are cordially invited to inspect our large stock of

Mens and Soys Clothing,

Hats, Rurnishing Goods and Neckwear.

Knee Pants from four to fourteen years. Mern’s $1.00 Pants a SPECIALTY,

Tours truly,

MODEL CLOTHING HOUSE

109 Washington Avenue, Lansing, Mich.

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF

Writing Tables, Desks, Chaitg, &é..

ALWAYS ON HAND.
EXTRA SPECIAL FIGURES TO STUDENTS.

M. J. HUCK, Opposite the Opera House.

THAT CLOCK ON THE WINDOW BEE-KEEPER’S GUIDE,

Is for the benefit of the public, gud also to mark
the location of

5B. B. MORGAN, Jeweler, Manual ef the Apiary,

I MAKE WATCH REPAIRING A SPECIALTY.

: wr seCtITy ' I 14,000 sald since 1876. 5.000 sold since May. 1883. 1th 1000
After securing yovatronage by doing in al to keep yout wholly revised, much enlarged, an ray tee iy Guetly
illustrations added.

; Pri b il
You will find the Largest Assortment of Se, by mail, $1.35. Liberal discount te dealers and ius

Fine Boots x Shoes Registered snropshires and Short Horns of the most fashion-

able strains for sale,

A. J. COOK, Author and Publisher
Lansing, Mich,

- A. HOOD ORTH W. H. PORTER,
Syn. Fitst- Class: Livery and “Hacks

Neatly Stables cor. Capitol Ave, and Washtinaw St.
Done, Telephone No. 65.

THE SPECULUM.

Se er

GHIGAGO MEDICAL COLLEGE,

Corner Prairie Avenue and aith Street, CHICAGO, ILL,

Medical Department of the Northwestern University. Session of 1890-91.
N. S$. DAVIS, M. D., LL. D., Dean.

The Thirty-secom! Annual Course of Instruction will begin Tuesday, September agd, 1590, and close Tuesday, April 28th, rior.
Che course of instruction is graded, students being divided into first, second and third year classes. Applicants for admission
must present diplomas or certificates from recognized colleges, schools of science, academies, high schools, or teachers’ certifi
eates of the first or second grade, or sustain a preliminary examination.

The method of instruction is conspicuously practical, and is applied in the wards of the Merey and St. Luke's Hospitals daily
at the bedside of the sick, in the South Side Dispensary and Amphitheatres attached to the College, where upwards of fourteen
Lectures, first and second years, ewch, $75, third year

thousand patients are treated annually. Fees: Matriculation $5.
Laboratory $5. Breakage {re-

free, Demonstrator $10, including material. Operative Surgery $5, including material.
turnable) $s. Hospitals : Merey $4, for third year students; St. Luke's $5, for second year stadents; final examination §y0. No

extra. fees for Private Classes,
for further information ar announcement address

FRANK BILLINGS, M. D., *:'y. 235 State Strect, Chicago, Ill.

SL

COLLEGE BOYS | Make A. M. EMERYW’S Book Store
» your /Zeadguarters while you “ wait for the wagon.”
College Text Books and Stationery Constantly on Hand.

A Large Stock of Miscellaneous Books, Albums, Paintings, Engravings.

Gold Pens, Wirt’s Fountain Pens, Picture Frames and Wall Paper,
at Reduced Rates to the Students.

Pror. McEwan’s $100 Liprary in stock.
A. M. EMERY, 113 Michigan Avenue.

B. F. SIMONS,|G. J. FOSTER,

104 WASHINGTON AVENUE, —Dealer in—

Diapl the Finest
and Largest Stock o

a Boots, Shoes and Rubbers,
) AY G O O 1) s | 320 Washington Ave., Lansing, Mich.
AND CARPETS oe

That has ever been opened in the city. You will always ‘= is - is, - st - Made
find goods as represented, and our prices at the bottom. Lawn - Tennis - Goods, Be

set G!LLOTTg
Dieel “Pens.

|JFOR ARTISTIC USE in fine drawings
Nos. will), ago and agr,
FOR FINE WRITING,
No, #3: and Ladies’, 170.
FOR BROAD WRITING,
and Stub Point, 849.

Nos, 24,
FOR GENERAL STING.
Nos. 404, 332, 390 and 6o4.

THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS.

Gold Medal Paris Exposition, 1878.
Joseph Gillott & Sons, 1 John St., New York.

—-

2 ee

THE SPECULUM.

ABER’S SHOE STORE| %. H. SEDINA,

Reliable Footwear Specialty phe Boss Gailor

Gents’ Medium and Fine Shoes. FINEST SPRING SUITS.

When your Shoes are in distress call on | Military Suits a Specialty.
ABER. RgrSTUDENTS, GIVE US A CALL.

a

JACKSON BRO. 'S, “M.A. C. OLD RELIABLE “BARBERS.”

106 Michigan Avenue, Lansing.

Is Headquarters for College Students.

FIVE SKILLED WORKMEN EMPLOYED.

The Lrmstrons Mititary Supplies,

SWORDS, BELTS, CAPS,

-EPAULETTES, AIGUILLETTES

CAP ORNAMENTS, SHOULDER KNOTS,

HELMETS, CHAPEAUX, SASHES, CHEVRONS,

SHOULDER STRAPS, CLOTHING, FLAGS, Etc.

Write for our prices on any of the above goods, or on any other Military, Band, or

Society Goods you may wish to purchase. Price Lists Free.

The Armstrong Goods Stand at the Head.

BE. A. ARMSTRONG, Detroit, Mich.
1 & 23 Woonwanp Ae, 1i4 iG Wiashinoron ATE,

Michigan Sebool Wloderator.

SHILII-LICNTHLY.

$1.50 per Year. The OFFICIAL EDUCATIONAL PAPER of the State.

PRIMER OF MICHIGAN HISTOR Y,—W. J. Cox, 112 pp., cloth, 4o ets.
CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF MICHIGAN,—H. R. Pattengill, g6 pp., cloth, 30 cts.

MANUAL OF ORTHOGRAPHY AND ELEMENTARY SOUNDS,—H. R.
Pattengill, 64 pp., 30 cts.
THE MODERATOR one year, and any one of these books, p1.65,

Address H. KR. PATTENGILL, Lansing, Mich.