PECALGM. Vous No, a 7 (AGRICULTURAL Conner, Mace. Nov. 10, 1891. . Whore N e Ea ZS “Agricultural Colleges of Texas, New — México, and Arizota. eos er a ee ie H. DEWEY, 733, Daring my southwestern trip last June I visited the agricultural colleges in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. Little more than al day: Was spent at each place, ther efore my descriptions may convey the impression of a hasty glance rather than close observation, Fhe Texas Agricultural and Mechanical College is. situated in Brazcs county, on the Houston and Texas Central Railroad, 95- miles northwest of Houston, Bryan, the nearest town of any importance, 18 five miles north of the college, The college farm of agi acres is mostly en the level, slightly ‘wooded sandy plain which forms the divide? peCer the’ ‘Bravos tHver.. The extrene west ‘end oF the tar eek down, into the tim: ; Ber ordering he He “ba * wrt The college catipits “ha wes end ro Sida: if. thest from the river where if” 18. “dryer. and o there is very Hittle timber but His: more | healthful. Jt is said that white people ean ‘not live in the Brazos bottom lands a dozen miles away, while at the college there is not moisture enough to rear mosquiters and “malaria is quite unknown. The railroad and a- wagon raad running parallel to it gross the farm at the west side of the Gait - oo Wooo =a ariel grotinds 3 is near the little railroad station. Ata Little store. opposite: the station students | 7 Hae ‘abtain such necessaries as stale cérifect- ionery, _ Beocer® '§ ginger snaps, and civaretics, ae Tarves from: ‘the entrance. if nearly straight, ‘feadingg tS: the: fain ‘college bollding;” ‘ew which’ ofcH Pree, | instruction is apparently much the: ‘same | pate BF ot ‘oie re cry océupied | the: Stidenté: ¥eculves: s. physician’ s ‘ftreatinea a7 ‘There. age abdut, ten ‘professors j 142. the a Vo yeas FF liphett: point < of #cegromnd | sewe facolty” and adozen or more assistants, ‘on the campus. This is about one-fourth ot z a mile from the entrance Dut the entire eam" pus is s0 nearly level that all parts of it can |: ‘be seen at once, and considerable skill ju’ grading and planting will be required?’ t, produce pleasant effects i m eee gaiden ing. . ‘The main a mikinrs. a sectangul ar ‘ihe, story brick. building resembling College’! talk : at M, A. €., is used for the same purposes: : that that was formerly. ie contains. ‘heat all the faboratories and. class tooms oF eh college. The wood working shops are ir, a ; wooden buiding at the rear of the. main: building, and the iron shops in a brick-tisild., : ing atthe right. The iron shops aré quite * a source of pride te the friends of the college: . and wellthey may be. They are quite sims ilar to those at M.A. C. and. the course: of - _ he students have. ‘Been: cic dad: “Herens of tate ilyree dermittertes, one of whieh He Lith al the: preven es ‘tHéss halt, * “s Yarge derinitory: ie fe “Binkt this summer. The : ‘assembly - jal: ‘chapel is the most ornamental puiiiig’ 6 OTE the grounds, The interior is furnished with. stage, sloping floor, ¢ gallery’ and ‘opera chaire: z giving much the effect of.a néat little. opera,’ ‘ house. It makes an excellent place. “for: holding meetings aad such’ public’ exercises” as ate AECESSATY at commencement.” me, exrept. the commencement ‘ball: Bis eht See ten pleasant: dwelliags- ate: occupied - & the’ professois, : “Oihe hovise is.used as a ‘Surgeon's: CFE residence and hospital; wher’ sickness’ anon: aS THE SPECULU SS. instructors and foremen, fessorshigs are very” ‘sinoilar £2 those at MM. ACY akeept thar! Botany; ‘horfidaleuré, land- “scape ‘gardening | and entomology are all eee éwded" into one, resulting, of, course in “Gomipabatitely litle work di vaey of ‘these ‘Haes “Physiology, Zoology and“ geclogy are HOP Trepresetited af “all by professorships, but the aabjects are taught to some extent int convection with veterinary science, micro- scopit botany and mineralogy. ast’ ‘year 918 students were enrolled, the freshinieny aid sophomore classes each num- bering more than ‘100. Thestudents appat- ently. average: ‘thtee. years: ‘younger than ‘fhe Sf the MACE “gnedeH ‘he Latae Togue! Sates: that’ sadeate: ‘should hed fifteen ai oes ae ane ra ipa IB owe average ee: oe ‘thee ‘dvidesting. “SESS: Yast “Tiene’ WAS Tess thas twenty. Ta Spite. ‘BE WHE fact that “HE ae younk in years, that’ they: do nat “Yiave fic manval labor ‘sy stein. ‘and do not tengage: mich in ovt-daor sport, they are shy - Iooking fellows. Had, With * ‘equal “training, would probebly eel waa with M. ae E ona field day.” ~ aan Tn “place af out “door “sporis® Pie have more fH ary. dvili; In fact the discipline alr Jhrongh the ‘college is very faneh ‘the Sere: aS that midiitaiied at W est. Point, The She ent: Fequired’t ta deest vo ee giay ‘cadet eantoHa sibel he" “Visse Hels at college. ce qntens i nthe doraptodee ave subject to in- Species aad: realness: ia the. yeoms' and in personal’ ap earance is esforved’ wiehy inilitary “severity, “Phe adj aitadt and® ‘offiters of the “cadet Cobpe: Have: chat ge ‘af érdéx among ‘stidedts at all Himes; and. ‘detiigiisiits are re- ea £5 “the” Sebhinaridact fof cadets Beas ne ae i. ee a befell? "sites hae Fae , ui sory etront “the “ ebittse, — ast only ta a the Sxeell ent .The various pro-. oS "et, 3 A oe Vee Eso tee: os govermeiens Bailar y | ; i Dada ‘al work done on the drill ground, but in the cariiage and movements of the students at ali times. The courses during the first year are identical. In the second year they branch into the agricultural and mechanical, and in the third year these sub-divide fer. the four degrees given. The degfees conferred are BS.A,B.S.H,B ME, and BC. E. The greater number of students seern to pre- fer the last degres. i was fortunate eough to be present at commencement time. Na student is per- mitted to leave the college until the close of the commencement exercises. Instead of a few good speakers in the graduating class heing selected t6 prépaté orations insiruct- ing their daddies in how to run the govern- ment, gach one of the sanfors is required to | write a thesis on. the work he hes been domg ‘in agriculture, borticulfsre, mechanics or engineering, One in each course is chosen to read his thesis. Those which I heard show ed ofiginal and infependent thought, _and io me if was’: ‘Piedwant variation from “the semi-_political phvosophy usually beard at commencement Hipe, Tt indicated that, although thes might fedias Farmer's Alliance orstérs, they wedid' aésdhedly prove success- ful among farmers and mechanics who tried ‘to improve theanselves ay iipfoving Weir methods of worl: ~ The experiment station is well organized, : with the professdr:éf AbFulture as director. The experimedité tarred “on are largely in stock feeding, dairring and raising forage crops. In this last’ Hnd’ihey have decided that for their regien, “without intization, sorghum and corn pist apite the silo is the most profiteble.~ The ténditions are ali so Gifferent that few experiments carried on there would be of “any #elae in Michigan. The New Mekke Agritulteral College 15 situated Bear (Las STiites in the famous Mealla o< Sin southern New by ut “only Bve mifes north goo Re Fl Paso branch of = > THe PFRECUL UM. 58 the A, 2. &S. Fe EH. BR. runs shout half Way bebween the college and the Ric Grande | ait this point.—about a mtle irom each, From the car windows I got my first view of this | new educational instituflen, Im the fore- ground are a few houses, surrounded with ctisnweod trees and an abundant vescta- fon, ieyong these is.a shallow valley of dark, richlocking land, under cultivation, where thirty years ago was the bed of the Rio Grande. Bevond this, on gently rising ground, is a rectangular area of tea or fif- teem acres perfectly bare of vegetation, which has evidentiy been recently cleared, a8 aii the surrounding region i vovered with a rather aparse srowth of mesquite pushes, Inthe middie of the cleared space is the one coliege bollding—~a iwo-storey brick struciure appearing something Uke the presuient’s house af BM, A. . Back of this the land rises to the higher mess, aud as a backeronnd of ail there is the regan Moun- tmin, standing out clear cut in every euthne, Heantiful in tis massive ruggedness, apnear- ing Duta short Gistance instead of a dozen @iiles bevand the college building. 1 was fhe taosi interesting bit of mountain scenery that f saw duriog the entire trip. The college Was adtia session. We drove out todt from Las Crnées z aver free miles of . very sendy road. The building is fitted ap something hkean advanced graded schooi, Bbe faculty and students Hve mostly in adebe houses at Tas Cruces or Mesilla, each mlace being distant three miles or more, They ge back and forth an horseback, which is the comimon mote of travelling in this region, therefore a largé, comfortable shed 15 grovided for the horses, where aik- are i flesired to be kept, ever on examination: apes * “Be. college bets ig eal y-a-yeat- ke, theahe “Gorges tald Que! are iwomewhat-teutative: a DEES . : si oe ecard iecier ‘attention ree Lae Mestad udles tt the: wegalar: colléce: OUUTSe ATE. : milan te those la olhet colleees. SS Nex” 6 ae ee ee at Mlle Be eye che Sppoitun nity = . study elsewhere, therefore considerable at tention is given to the preparatory schol. - They have co-education here. Last year twenty of ihe seventy-Rye étugenta were ladies, ‘“Phis explains why we find domestic economy and iméitumental music in the list gi giudies. The professor of agriculture is director of the experimeut station, end the experiment sintion work is considered per- haps quite aa important aa the work of ip-: struction, The chief Hoes of work - ‘taken upso far have been the trying of grasses with? and without irrigation, aad the study ot ie entomology and botany of the region, -): a Tneed say but bitle about the Avizahl University, as Froi. Toumey has menaened that in a recent number of Tug Srecutirg. When one enters Tucson from the east on the Southern Pacific railraad the University may be seenin plain sight a mile away tp the left, toward the Santa Catalina Moun- teins. The college farm here comsists of thirty actes of land under irrigation, Gn the highest ground near the center of this green spot in the desert is the one. jarget! brick a as Ntate a8 College whaleony”? twenty. feet. ee ape bs an around,. presents a style, sf. archiecdire® sel dom seen in cooler climates. ‘Tt is quite ooo and comfortable in its “wade,” airy corridors when the mercury indicates img degrees ig. the shade cf a- mesquite ‘bish dnatziile, AL doriniter ¥ - and -#ome other Gey Paildings: were, io be added this seasen, - Thete are three Bf. -A, C. pradiiates: ey Per agricultural department, of the -tiniver-,. sity, And the bést Wren that-cin- be. ‘Sbtainel ‘Care Being’ engaged inthe. school of ‘mines, | therefore no fears néed be entertained con ‘erating’ ‘the healthy growth of. the. instinns : “AMT these new western colleges: may be expected £5 ivok back to their older easters THE SPECULUM. Sitere mote or. less. tor metheds and hints in college ¥ ‘py ar le, bait at, the same time if weuld «the: wall: for | those: same alder colleges to keep aweye Bn. their new neighbors, for, being zi: eur: ‘throughout, they are full of mew ideas, “Saige oF awhieh are well worth attention. i Msebington, Ty, €., Oct, 1, 1897, * Senator Paimer’s Log Cabin. _ . i. &, ALLEN, ECLECTIC SOcTETY. | Baring ray apring ; vacation, an the morn- ang: of Thursday the twenty-first of May, I % found aayaeit vendly to take the Woodward ak eee is. situated ASE miles north aDiatrolt, son the old Pontiac road which is 2B au Sontipuation of Woodward Avenue, oes “Car to the Lake Shore railroad ebéssitig.and then the electric car, which “Saal ‘take -you about two miles from the ein. We had the gaod fortune to have a “parsiage meet us, On reaching the ; ‘ebetosure j in which the cabin.is situated, we dound, a nice road leading from the main “oad ap te-the cabin, @ittiving at the cahin we descended ei ERS Sarmage, and vrhile watling for the key tobe bronght, we looked over the outside. Bhe fain part of ih is ade of logs laid BEGO6 SE. each other with: clay and gravel Between: ‘them. ‘The cabin is a little longer than: it ip: wide, and the jonger sides run almost. ‘parallel with the main reed. The EDof | is covered JwWwith bark and extends ont irom the walls - ‘about two.and a half feet. : Ups ‘ander the eaves. are. little windows ‘The. main part ea eeabin j 18. very. old fashioned, but the a Bion. SF shed. in. the near of. it is ERE ae ark oe a CaSe with. A. few relics 44 it, SESE, oe or ae deft the stait-case; which 18.2 1. through the back doar: on very modern affair, being made of highly polished ocak, hardly in keeping with other STEM TY Adier ascending the stairs 2 few feet they take a turn to the left. Gn the landing stands a high, old fashioned clock with the date 1668 engraved on it. Before going further up stairs I will attempt to describe the lower part of the house. The hall is broad and contains quite a good many old-fashioned things, euch as a bow aml arrows in a pouch, an eld sword, anda few pictures hanging on the walls, principally of the senator’s ancestors. From the ceiling hangs an old tin lantern and a number of other primitive farm utensils. On the right and left of the hall are large atches opening into the library and dining room. We first eutered the Hbrary; from ithe top of the arch hangs an old beffalo hide for a curtain, alec a larriat or lasso and an Indian riding whip, The walls and ceiling are roughly plastered, and about a foot below the ceiling run slats from which dried corn, dried slices of apples on strings, etc, ate hung. A great quantity of yarn hangs from a cord stretched across @ corner. Directly opposite the arch is a large Hre- place, in which a good sized log, that is, large in diameter, could be placed, or perhaps a half cord of wood at once. In one part of the room, almost hidden from view by a screen, 15 an old fashioned bedstead,.on top of which is an ancient flint-lock pistel. The ' chairs and almost everything in this roam ate very quaint. Among other things are the ‘senator's little high chair and cradle. Wre next crossed the hall and entered the dining room, in which there is a large fire- place directly opposite the arch. Above it is hung an old flint:lock musket, and Dy the side of the fire-place stands an old candice mould. On the mantel above the fre- place are quite a number of old pieces of china- ware, In this roam stands a spinning wheel, and on the center of the floor is the dining-table. | A large birch hark canoe 18 sling up te the eciling, Of from two THE SPECULUM. — — gg. oe ae arr rooms up stairs and two down stairs are little deors leading into closets, and in the center of each floor is a trap door to a cache, into which the family may ctawl in case the Indians: make a raid on thé house. There are three é¢ four bed ‘rooms up. stairs, in each of which there is an old fashioned bed, a dressing table and a great many other things that help to-make a room look ald fashioned. All- the floors in the cabin are made of hard wood, and on most of them is spread a rag carpet. Almost all the things an the cabin ate act only old looking, but are very old. | Adter we had seen about everything in the house we took’a. stroll around the srounds. Right in front of the cabin on either side of the entrance is @ Eeg with a bottle in the top, for the purpose of turning hard cider into vinegar. A little way from the house, between 1¢ and the road, -is an artificial lake with one or two Alat bottom boats in it: tind jast but mot least is the old well and bucket, which when raised or lowered by & crank peals forth a melancholy squeak. There is a little structure over it whichis éovered with bark. From this well sowwe-took ‘a drink af nice clear, cold well. j ; watery preparatory to our return: from sur- roundings: of half-a century aga, to those of, modern chyviliz ation. SCIENTIFIC. “Improvement of Wheats. ‘a, & CAMPRELL, Professor’ Davenport's admizable “Work System,” in which each student, by personal abeérvation ahd a direct application ‘of scieri- “tiie methods to some growing ercp, has’ led : AG anany interéstine lings of work dn the Pent! Baty SoH PAL miethods of improving wheats ec a Hens. -made our first selection. amarlied a as those oF that the survival of ‘the: aor 25 dace an improved: Clawson, “Wihieate aa ariment ” “during” ‘the past season, | ae iy ‘the improvement of wheat: ; patience, - ‘great’ CREB}: abd - “practices. . ifee wheat: ‘plant ‘Bas closed: flowers.” second, BY erosting Sb thers Aree i siiinber, jfoust: ‘be. remaved aS ‘third, by hybridizing wheat and rye; and foutth, by changing spring . into winter wheat, ‘Fhe first two of these methods.” have been used on the farm the ‘past seasogi with gratifying results. . E a . The method by selection is simple, eabily understood, and has the advantage of pros. ducing marked improvement much sooner... than any of the other methods. . Simply - ‘stated, the plan is to make a systematic selec. ; tion of the best seed from some standard: - variety, and then by culture and thin seeding, . stimulate stooling, jJength of head, and” strength of straw. ‘This is to be followed: ; yeat after year, each time selecting the seed | that comes nearest the fixed ideal... Oe work this summer has been on the Clawsoa.. From the growing crop last seabont | ae: A This was saw A drills; and in order te promote stooling it wag thinned to one plant every six inches, Dur. ing the growing season the ground was fre- quently cultivated. The first yéar’s harvest showed an average of more than doubled stooling capacity, length of head, and num- ber of kernels, The selection frora this For next year’s seed hasbeen much more rigid. than before, both i in kind and ule Wibile:: oe i ee value of this method cannot “he. everest a mated. By it the systematic. farmer. “ean, in a short time, develop in a wheat suited: ie his section of the country | ath. improved : variety that in many cases ‘will “far! surpass the * great wheat” of some other. locality: ee The second method in which thé desirable’, charaeteristics of twe ‘varietiés may, beeen: a bined in one, is ‘by. érossing. - “The: inethod Ee of crossing, even to, those" who: ‘have, been”, easily successtil: iit: sucht: works: with. ‘other plants,:i ig &: edelicate: Soperation,: ‘air: requires: The: “The: ane: SPECULUM. hile’ yet immature, and as they are then be- lew the pistil, careful stidy and practice are ecessary ie order that the feathery stigma, Of OVaLY, be ‘tot injired. As the’ anthers “begin to mature, the filament elonfates and igivarided i to’ the stigara,: where TE bursts sid’sheds its pollen, after which the filament sion gates-still farther, aod the pollen sac is fereer out of the Acral envelope and the Wheat is saidio be “in bléoni,” the pollen Ras been shed, thé ovary impregnated, and: Hid wheat cannot then be, crossed. - It is im: Gigpensable that’ the anthers be rethoved frei the fliwers before they have kegun to fart yellow: _ Bent: back the glume or outer covering {éor- : respeiding’t to-calyx in other flowers), and Hei the palet (cdttesponditig ta petal); ‘this Tae be dole without breaking therm 30 that ater the Bathers ate redioved Hey will . Spring back and céver arid proted: the pistit: Bp néldias this outer covering steadily open Wee ‘the’ ‘Phamb' “atic forefiiger of the left “Had the anthers imay be Yeadily removed “eee x pan of tweeters held in the right eE Afiér this has been done a careful eae “88 thé adjoining wheat heads will ‘enable one to tell when the signa in the “-piépared’ head has ripened, The flower “ffdst then Be. carefully opened the second bite atidthe pollen from the ether variety _ pee pow the stignia, ~ TC hie pollen may be . se colored by: dastingg’ e Gat“tipor a plate dthicis droppiig tt oa fhe g spit froin the : OHIE OE. Je penknife: fre ais t Epolletiiied: Find’ tissite! paper: Kia ‘be tied WoWd St ih odes to'protect fren insects, 2 Aba ae #uté: Hitife:taiy be- know: of the valu Ete: Heke réstliin g frei a-eross the first ‘year if js rated” PHe: plaiits wit vaty con ° silekably, though iii’ midst “Eases: they have a To dethis it is necessary to. aeeto. At o arts . | plates of metal, Bee a ee Loe “femnite: the” ‘female | mer have all been sown, and the result will hea question for further study. The relative value of the twe methods cannot be diccussed i this paper. Hoth have advatitages, but to the ordi inary farmer selection furnishes a qiick and sure method that ig pre- ¢mivently ahead of crossing. ‘The. Relation of Language to Science: A good workman hikes to have good tools. It is true that be can do good work with a poor outfit, but it is equally true that- he can de much better with a good one. | The great Datch microscopist, Leeuwen- hoek, wha first discovered the compound nature, of insects’ eyes. ‘and the rotation of young water-snails within the egg, used. a micrescope ; made by. himself out of a. little globule of clase mounted betwee. taro. thivi Darwin, while making bis celebrated trip in the Beagle, which was the starting point of his fame, did ail-his work with the aid of a. simple lens and did not even take a compound microscope epon ship-_ But it is not jikely. that any naterdlist of to-day would wish todmitate either of these. examples in the atterapt to make scientifie discoveriés.| On thé ether hand, me student of biology would for a. moment. think..of doing without his Zentmayer, Bausch and Lomb or some compound microscone eget : as AS good. oe be fitting young men for successful “posix | tlons in “agzicultural sence - oF -eXperiment station work our Batiste hes) are too apt to essential aa. the ero namely: a good reading knowledge of ‘at Jeast. three Tan- guages other than our native tous gue: ‘Latin, German and French. 7 ~. in following git their natural. American Seas et MRARCTION FD EMU f | Broclivites for makin: & Short cui te -alth a — varietiag mip BeAr rSaiigk : B ¥ = we = aie ats of variation 3 iS: SL. Suey - BSE ihe Bnohah | tongue will ‘afford then, a ; _) bteratice, fay ‘whICH sufficient light may be aid Hower many sfudéhts imbibe fhe’ potion oie ° "| ebertied fo Dusen ail the abthuse ‘gites- THE SPECT LUA. a? tions which they will surely and very early | sncounter, To support this notien such ste- dents point to plenty of men who have added great stores to scientific discovery without athe aid. of any language buttheizown... The best that can be said for: such .an atgument AAD i3 that it affords, an excise for rushing on towards a collége degree. or to a position of:some.kind without the applicahen meces- sary to eyercome the somewhat troublesome matter of foreign etymology and syntax. May it not very troly be said that the above-mentioned noted men could undeubt- edly have accomplished more if they had had aceess to the foreign literature of their respective lines of study? | , a What advanced work and study can one “expect to.dein any of the natural sciences if {his readigg is confined to English books and journals? In boateny,:for instance, the iiterature of vegetable anatomy and physiology, with the exception -of half a.dozen important works, _parts «<4 which are meagre translations, is ‘largely: an: German or French. vik the student: wishes to become -well- posted an the‘ botany: ofthe fowering plants . Hie smast.be - farniliac. with, -Benthar And + Brean: Golle’s. - Prodremus!?: ‘ied Gorter: standard: Tn *the sy steimatinvetudly af. _Biguiceris: et, Genin: Plantaren;” - ‘Latin ‘hooks. fungi Saccardo’s “ Sytoge: Bungerunid Hs absolutely essential, as it ig the enly «work -Fiving a description Gf al] the dang ‘which. -aye known. ‘Would the botanist study igrasses, one of the most importaat of -all ssubjects for the agriculturist? Steudel’s “oynopsis Plantarum Graminarum ” at once ee his attention, . knowledge of the life histories of ; Watious fang? | 158 second 3 im ‘im pertance fo ne Sather Subject which can engage the attention, “oe an ‘aericaltvral student, ‘The important “Baghel: i Wterdiufe” in this ing is, with the SVL tS exception ah afew bulletins and works whose fonke tte; cOn! forsicn’ yesents ie neat Jargely of the. dtransiation of . | literature in this line is the werk of such Germans and Frenchmen as Fries, ‘Persoan, Rabenhorst, Wister, the Tulasnes and’ RGF others of whose writings Hitie has! heen trans lated into English. a | The same tway be said of the scighces, 3 “horticulture, zoblogy, entomology, chemis- ery and veterinary. The student m any ‘of of these Hnes who reads English only ts ‘shut out from the great mass of valuable informa- tiga which he needs. | . In urging the necessity of giving Latte, Ferman and Preach a prominent place ip the corricula of our agricultural collegés 4 have said nothing of their great value aside from the scientific Hteratare which fhe am bod y, te Every student whe has tried, withoulaae knowledge of foreign languages, to einen. ber the multitude of technical names which confront him every day of his sollese course, will readily aimit the difficulty. era fixing in mind their meaning, a result which is secered only by the most arbitrary acts of memory, A very Hitle Raow ledge oF Lake and Greek would smooth one’s jay over all such dificalty, and instead of - leaning definition foreach new term | he wold. igh ae diy define. these. terms for: ‘Hinaelé, - hele “Rortangs, . in “fact. ihe ‘aksolate Jiseessly : “xemenibezing ald these defingiions ik gEeer to. - read intelligently aiiy English - work 4 aa Science is tao evident to require argument,” . AD agricultural college is not simply a place Nolte farmers’ sons and daughters ‘ eet elsew here. . namely, to adequately train, Roe only mire young men and women, but also. BBY, thers who may so desire, } in the thoroupii kag). edge of agriculture and ifs. allied; aczences. Tf general culture only, is; wragied. bia wan \ likely be. attained: es. basil; perhaps. 28 welt, 2 at the high. shoei. Gi ohe’s Rearest towns: = Professor Bessey," Ailing on this Subject, a very porthien tye: enquires, *Should Rotvewery ery Sent, | _ Mast, of they, enne ‘botanist hand the same remarks. RS 3 55 SHE SPECULUM. apply to the student of any other line of science), “be trained in at least toe three Jan- fuapges [ have mentioned—Geri Dat, Prerich, ‘Latin? And ist net the duty of the teachers of botany to see to it that their colleres make provision fer such training? When the “authorities will not make such provision, 1s it_not the duty of the teacher of botany to ‘candidly advise the young hotagist to go te ‘gome other college, where necessary pre- liminary training is aot ignored?” | ' Tt has been so often stated as to have be- come trite, that the ebject of a collewe course is not t6 acquire facts, since a careful, read- ing of any good encyclopedia would put one in possession of wore facts than eny four years of college study is likely to de, ./ On the other hand the great aim of the “true college is to train the mind to think and > Favestigate for itself. In other wortls to “supply it with adequate tools. On this ‘ground some knowledge of the languages “Named is more essential than many other ‘things which find their way into the -cur- ticula of our colleges. And this fact must help furnish a key to the solution of the dif- fieult problem of adding studies to a course ‘that may already be over-crowded, the patrons of agricultural collezes, and ‘the students therein, come to see the im- portance of danguage in its +relatiana to ¥setence, they will demand more attention to 2 it; ‘at the expense, if need be, of some other a atlidies, which may for the time he omitted, “It is needless to say that many of our “agricultural colleges have already seen this importance and are fiving adequate: courses in Latin, French and German. One thing more in this connection. It is “not necessary nor best that these languages “should be taught in the old way in order to “stibservé the interests of students of science. “Eso.mueb time is wasted over classital : or literary: writings which mirror the language “ob bet few. “Phua the scieniifie student js compelled; by.a painful-pr otess, to acquire a oy Heel tae ‘Which will be, to a large extent, When: laid aside the momént he wants to pat it to a practical use. Scieptific Latin is very easy and one may learn to read it as rapidly as English withoat _ having marched through all of Caesar's Gal- lic campaigns, or translated’ Cicero's fiery invectives against Catiline, © interesting thourh they may be, > . The same remark applies largely to Ger- mat and French. W hat the sciéntific wotker wants is a thoreugh mastery of German and French peculiarities of expression, and a vocabulary of common terms, tegether with these used in modern selence, | Antiquated or literary werds and phrases can well ‘be ‘dispensed with. | It is to be earnestly hoped that the stand- ard of our district schools. may soon - be raised so as to do away with the necessity of teaching so many merely elementary stidies in our agricultural colleges instead of the languages which should supersede them. If there is one Place more necessat y than another to the fitting out of young men and women for successful work in experiment skations it #8 certainly at our agricultural callewes, In fact, nowhere else can we ex- pect this work to be done. . | Owing to the unexpected and urgent: de- tnand for such workers -when,-experiment stations were first established in-this: country, it was necessary to eroploy seme who -had not taken the desired course in language, : But the constant impfovernent in experi. tental investigation which is: taking place, together with the intricacy of many of the problems forced upon our investigators: is fast making a knowledge of Latin, German - and French one of the first requisites in can- didates for such positions. sind this demand will increase, else our scientists. will find themselves threshing old straw and wastin gz valuable time in ‘the’ study of: questions “which have already been solved by. foreigners. “Tb is time that all our. agrictilftral colleges ‘yeeoeuized ‘thre: iniportent relation’ which ‘ex- ists between language at and economic: science. . : Gi By Hess Gee TNE TEP ERAR POTENT. " THE SP BCUGULU M. Se THE SPECULUM. _ PURLISHED MONTHLY RYRING THE SOIGERE TEAR, BY THE SPLGEN TS - Of Tae MichiGan Srate see ELE SEE fr bates | ya Cass a ¥eau; Seequs-Wuaeerd, 16 Cuyns, 2 TPGGavER TENS ATES MARE RNOWE ON AFFLEGAT OOM gle dt subscriptions Wilk be coparded as continual, moless “ayetare Sadtiied‘bto the contrary. +, EE this Hem is marked, your subscription 3 1815 acreate. BOARD ae TORE. : ECLECTIC BUGIS Sry, B, ¥¥. PEEr,: ; FEdtrar -iy- Chied. Literex} F Articles and Edizorials. HESPERIAN S0CiERTY. . HM, Pacu, - - soos - os - qrearce OLYMPIC SOIETY. ae iG... avis, "4 - - College Mews. PELTA TAT DELTA PRATERAGTS. , j w, D: GHORSRECE, , - Pateonais. . @, A Hooray, ' FHI DELTA THETA FRATERNITY, Athieti cs, SRO Berton, a - Coliegwes gil Hechaepes. Ee Wurason, | ~ - Business Managet. B, | * _- Asst, He 2) DRESS Wandarer, nn. i. G. Rerero.ps, - “Teepeorray, AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Nov. 10, 1891, * “Pub readers of the Sprcunus will notice 3 “thal the Alarini oration printed in the Geto ther Seecdmost hdd we printed Gitte: Our = Sane Hon a ts, “Ht: ye editor W as token sick “tae “aod the asaistants not’ “pedi Tats eh | ‘the work neglected io naive: e the: orkuen. . TRE readers will notice in this. is issize “Hn -Fuleresig article by L. HH. Dewey, SE. i “New we would like to ivapress upon the éhinaté that it would be a great favor io the SPEcuLua if you would be as Oli ing as Mr. Dewey and send us an account of “any interesting. iourney of voyage Fos ‘might have taken, or any article you tnink “would be of interest to the readers of the SSPECu Lua. Sueh articles as Bir. Dewars ‘SSPeaie: ore interest among the Alumni than “a biliee: Let terary productions We TECCire, Buses bas, been: considerable said of late oe Steere foot ehle to poyisme dug oo a! PRET: ROtEBeH sation | we! or instructors. | “Many Tetters: OEE. Beit Alen “erging: that something gsght to be dome: in refer- ence te raising the salaries of our instrecters . and thus be able ic keep able men when we gelifem. 445 2 I, 48 4@68ietent Ho mere. | then becomes proficient ig Bis culture when hicher wages call him elacwhere, Ef is not ihe purpose of this csllewe to Rt young - teachers for other celleses, To snow the comparison of wages paid at this colle~e and that of other institutions af similar character, hough nel so thoroughly established, we present the following: | i. ‘Fi. Bailey, at this coHege, $1.00 and bose: at prescat, Sano, BR. &. Carpenter, here, $1,800 and house: at present, Bajgoo. “E. . McLouth, here, $1,800 and bose: at pros. , ent, Sgo00, WW. #. Darend, ‘bere, Sr S60 : and. house; at resent, $3,400. B, Dagen- port. here, $1,800 end hose: at present, $6,000 and house. @. 9. Peller, hare, $900) at present, 31,400, A. B, Cordley, here, $500; at present, fizzow NL A, Maye, here, $200; at present, #1 Sac, #. Phurtell, bere, $1000; at present, €1,50c. *, §, Dviman, here, Sg00; at present, £1,- doo. A. DB. Peebles, here, Sgoe: at oresest, $2,300, 2. H. Colbern. here, Sfo07 Be. : F Laem ifs os eS Sa Bae ; ee = 2 just before’ the pablication: GE the ask : SEE. 2 Pee: ie dther institutions? ‘Michiesn js: une: of . the most prespercas and wealthy Steies de the union,. Phe college is noé in the con. dion at was at iis foundation. Ey ig ne ir : Fer peor, te As evolution teaches 2, ine werkt rediat! progrezs and those whe do aot Eoilew is : teachings must fsil in the. dimadss, ss Ee, past. We wish to PFET ESA 5 andl bela te reputation of being. atthe dite’ ofall. Wke | institutions ig. the Fetch: ee ae eeduy to do - this, we rust pay oie ae oud! Sees ee Hirge ‘Sad aries a5 our Sconipedigs si oe coflegs. wee in fine. Gshirionste.< “An ar _. Pees aes oe 0 Oud whet . SSG Rabe ia 2 ‘pHe: og Ror ‘prdteiaar’ hes poseiaar at ple: OF ightag ‘te eollcee fo THE S8PreEcULUM. Fr grounds and the hells in the darmuteries with electricily, the students lighting their | own toons by a branch from the hali wie if they wish. . We think this ie an excellent scheme and - hope it will be carried into effect. We all realize the need of lighting the college cam- pus. The walk between Wells and Wul- jiams halls is a very unpleasant one on a dark night and it is traveled a great deal going to and fram supper and the college - brary, The members oi the faculty prob- : ably realize the need of Hghting the cam- pus farther than this more than the students. : Will not some one see that the matter is: pushed forward and ii possible inte effect? _ War is the matter with our lecture sys- + tem: We hear no more lectures from members of the faculty or from great men outside of the collere. Are the members of the faculty sighting this duty or do they think the studenis show lack of interest in their leetures? AAs a rule, the studenis are ingeresied in the lectures and are anxious to see them continned. The Jecture system has always been considered one of the advantages of the instiintion, fer at such q- place the student learns in an hour what otherwise would require several weeks of “.@érezal study and deep thought. It seems fous this discontinuance of lectures is a step iethe awreng direction. Would it not -be stil ‘Beiter | to -hear a lecture once a- week, either. by a member of the faculty or some . Intelligent person from outside? What is memetally considered an advantage to an Faatitution, let it progress, ; We sincerely hope the spring term vill commence with a series of lectufes:telling ug baw: the professors spent the winter and “A when nce started let them. continue. . J S ; Hnascoroxe +t has ‘been the. Foon “epiiion:that. the Auditing. Committee should : Chaves MoE spoiver; that its “Work at present’ ¢dack of good management. | paid; and best of all, 3n this State. '} Munication, Oy se serves! AS A A gheck ‘pon mathematical errors of the stewards, and does not enough isformation ta ascerfain the condition of the club. True, the Stud Greaniaaiicn has mot, for the past 4 years at least, heen able to tell the stan of the various clubs, but the report of last commuittee showed that previous « mittees had not donetheir duty. It net showed that most of the clubs were ijn poor condition; but thatthe stewards are doing their duty. Letting boarders more than one term behind on board sh _ TE should be allowed, We are pleased to say through the aid of Secretary Reynold: have a new hoarding cinb consti tution w will take effect next spring term. principal features of the constitution are ‘the boarding clubs are to be incorpore thus giving our tradesmen’ seme secu) that each boarder shall: pay twenty do: on beard at the beginning of each term; any mergber getting more than six week arrears for board shall nat be constitute mernber of the assocation ti such deh the stewards are bound that they shall have to attend to t duties, keep an exact account, or are sub io removal by the Auditing Committee. : If anch a constitution hed been aor many years ago, there would not be large outstanding debts there ate to-< Being igcorporated will no doubt caus reduction im the price of board, as.the trac Mmen-are more sure of thei pay. We. not make any more comments however we-have seen the constituiea in operati Tar Students’ Organization voted t the committtee te confer with the editor the #ermer send a copy of the editorial the October Sprcunu™ to.the county pap Insterd of printing the co the Adrian Weekly Pr pretents the following editorial: ; We are.in receipt of 4 long. commutli “tioa. from. the students of the .Agricelta College, 1 resenting: the false stalgments, Bh THE SPECULUM. | 6ES in the Afichigax Farmer, ai alleged ag'i- cultural paper, and complaining of the groas injustice and unfairness shown them in not printing their reply,, See bere, young et, don’t pou get worried, There.is n't a farmer in Michigan who pays. any heed to: the Michigan Parmer's twaddle. It may: be that its claims against. the college: students weirue, but.no onesvould believe it because of:leing inthe Harmer. has been. “rifted”” at the way something has Gr-bas not been dovie om the farm, He is ene of the wise scientific farmers; who adyo- cate feeding Berkshire sheep on ensilage of square roots, and has an improved churn to make butter from milkweed. Now any farm editor, who sows timothy seed in his nair because he lives.in the city and wants to be thought rural, and then sits down dnd writes articles to prove that s tariff on eggs and wool and wheat and pota- | toes makes better prices to our farmers, and a tanff on tim and clothing and cutlery takes them cheaper to the agriculturists, ant be expected to grub very near ihe truth when plowing around the Agricultaral. ot. lege management. Don’t give yourself any uneasiness. Robert's brain is busy ‘wath gteat agricultural problems. He has sent to Europe to see if be can’t get a player to beat -the cheés in wheat, and will read an essay Wéfore the Hamtramck Green Gage Society Mex danth on ¢ Scientific Horticulture; or PE Bese tenes sew buttons and shetp-nose Epples’ He ‘ehefetiie has. not time to pay heed te the students wehoclaim. to-have been j They are nothiirg bat, studerits, . editorial larya, as it were, who need to be- hoed down and pruned occasionally. And | hed about, then he feels a little blue. . He planted ten acres of Karly Rose potatoes down on Mud ereek, and discharged the college student wWwHo bad been culiivating them, because the reses- were not of the George the IV. variety, aud two weéks ago, when he went down to pick the potatoes, he found the vines dried up and not a potato on them. He teld Pat Tiroggen that the palien of the pistils did n't impregnate the stamen of the umbrapeous tuber, and the taters were small and sreen, and offered him the crop for ten doHars. “Pat borrowed the money of a rich printer, ‘and: las’ Week Robert went down and‘ saw “bun digging j abont 260 bushels to the acre of..the uieest potatoes in the world. Then he-said: be knew abl-about it, but the tariff on potaices made ‘eengo! ebeap: this year they Gibbons evidently. thy vutil next t Spring. foek Ee pacar . mateibon were not worth picking. Pat said, Don’t ye do it, Misthur Gibbins, the eyes of hi pratees is upon yez.” COLLEGE NEWS. ood: The present term closes November 14. pee |G, F. Emerick feff for Missouri October a3... > | Severd! stidenti ave already left to begi® t theht : Winter schools. Anew filing case has been recetyed for the Reeat: dent's office. There has been considerable extitemetit of late a aver the “gun: pow cher plot.” G. A. Waterman, ‘gr, je assisting Dr. a in: ie” veterinary dissection. . os . _ J. A. Larabee wilt spend a two months vacation:ii | various parts of the Btate. , 7 ‘Fhe new rooning.track around the parade, reed. a under process of corstruction, ; F. M. Mickolls, who bag: been dit. with cree for some time, is slowly recovering, - oo: Dr. Heal will have chatge ef a portion af: the ° botanical exhibit at the YYorid’s Fair. ee President Clute and Seeretary Reynolds attended the funeral of Mrs. Wella at Constantine. The Military Department was inspected and a viewed hy Fresident Ciute on Qetoher 30, The office in the mechanical building has been mach , improved in appearance by needed repairs. President Clute and Hon. Henry. Chamberlain ers attend the Farmers pan sil at nedalia, Bo, On MENS : Saving” to various ‘ dalave it has been iteclted Heer. : begir the: cearst raction: iy the HETE Botanical Eaters: = EP “. Rl saee nt selizeon the Ajhion and Olivet College clevets ait ae tle Creek, Getober 31. Professor L. R. Taft will act as one of the jadges at the Chrysanthemom Show at Bay City, He acted | i. a = sitar capacity last year at Detioit, rE OE The lawns have been much improved during es present term. The borders have been cata . trimmed and several bare spots neatly sodded..° Frofessor FP. BL, Woodwerth- left for: Burke ODL! October 26. He expecta te iravel somewhat fut. atie- ing 4 jarce part of the firme’ He. will. stidy. at Bertini.” ae A fate nusiber of the Grange Pasitor wives 8 short. account of the Hfe: asd. ear of Prag: Wi. -¥,. Beals which is well worth. 18a fea of any person, to. reads. The greenhaeise:: "aide. Be Pehuiie. dyrids the coming. spring. . Phe paw: ‘puting Ae: bacfarger and. midedil.. ‘ nore convesiawi tian the: present: ‘one and if 15: hoped” tad wisi oF consid erdtiy igh inay be cee oe Gz THE SPECULUM, oe ad er. ‘The stewards of clubs for the coming term are as folinws: "AS? W. Paddock: “By A, T. Stevens; 7?C7? AL B. Chase: ° DY EL 7. Crosbys ER, O. 8. Halk. The wey catalogue is by far the most attractive one aver issued frerg iis college. Among other features it containg several views of the college buildings and Rroongs. ; Studenis from Lansing who drive out are oblized to keep their horses in the grain barn, nearly a quar- ‘ter of e colle from College Hall, Would tt not be pos- sible ta provide a nearer and thore convenient place ‘for their accommodation ¢ The Bural Mew Yorker of October 1¢ contains a biographical sketch and a photographic cut af Pro- fessor Eugene Davenport, It speaks in glawing terme Of the Professors york here, and predicts great enec- eens for Giml im the Iuture. President Haigh, 25 1.) Pattieon, Mit; Potter, 30 fh. Muli eron, ‘lst, 349 Ht. din, Chxse, Hl, nat ft 8 in. Fishcr, Fram scratch, terev S27 feat, in; Stowels, 8 in: . , Running Broad Jom p. ‘Burnett, scratré; le scratch: Bearer, 2 in.; Poss, 3 | in. z ’ Alaskins, W8in, Bernart, ist, 18 ft, Sin, Foss, 20,17 &. §lg in. - Standing Hieh Jomp- = Burnete, scratch ; Patter, in. ;. Poss, fin. ; Bradford, Sin. ; Stowell, 6 in, : Hale, B in- 3 Barnett ron, £it Bin, Foie unit. ‘Bradford, scrateh : Burnett, 20 3r Potter, zo in, 5 ; Bale, 18 ars" Potter, 1, fret, #, 24; Braitord, second, aft ' Pole vault high hick by Bradford. Bunning Mich Jump. _ @hase, scmicth; Bemert, scmaich, Donovan, scratch; dale Bradford, $ inches ; Poss, 3 inches: Futter 3 inches; Haskins, 2 inches, - Donovan, frst, éfect; Chase, second, 4, 10. Throwing tre Haremer, Burnett, seratek ; Bowell, 18 feet; Stowe, 16 feet; Meskina, Re fest: Bittioger. 7 feet; ‘Patrick, 20 feet. Burnett, first, St feet, § inches: Stowe, {16 feet) second; fo feet, § inches, Stantliag Hop, Step and Fasmep. . ' Burnett, seraich: Poss, 22 inches: Haskins, 24 inches: Stowell, 28 inched: VWrinessr, 4 inenes. Siowell, dest, $0 feet, 9 inches; Bearer, second, inches; Burnett, third, 29 feet, Dinches. - Rain stopped the rest of the eports. ” _ Firector aod scfevee, WE Chote: - hos , wet oi feet, 2 . Jodges, 1. H. Giitig, J. B. Dimmiich, Ee MoBlnoy. Starter, Burch Muikeor., . Timer, Baker (95,) Manager, Wan (rie. “The stadents ¢ontiided their’ entire rol} “of ‘sbdits str the apniory on Ostober 244h, the colleva ofchestra filling in the intervals between the contests withmusic _ of which a tore pretentious school than the Para ers’ Collese’! might well be proud. “Bhit result of the Contests are 8s follows >” Heavy weleht boxing, between ©. R, ‘Pageleon and C, Cook, wou by Pagelsou. ‘“Middie weight contest. between Burtielt. and Rit tenes, wonby Burnett. - ~ - - ‘Contest between Clinton and Haskins, « ee by “Ries, ae Je Bometeat between: Chattee an Haigh, WOT, m by: Chae, “Light boxing wou by L. W. Watkins... , Middle le weight wrestling arch as catch cab,. wou THE SPEHECULU NH. by Livht weight cated as calch tan, won by Sagendorl Standing high kick, H. EK. Smith, Ist; BE. B- Pierce, ad. Rutming bigh kick, H. EB. Poss, ist; Burnett, 2c. Record, 8 feet 5 inches. Hitch and kick, Burnett, 1st; Poss, ad. Record, & feet 2 inches. Fick, both feet, Burosit, ist, Foss, ad, Horizontal bar, wou by , E, Mitchell, H. M. Mul heron taking second place. Hesides the contests were exbibitions in indian club swinging, Plilew figkt, elepoant race and juggling, which were quite amusier te the audience, COLLEGES AND EXCHANGES. Ve are pleased to at last able tp sey that eur ex- change table js well fillad. Many college journals . have been very Lardy in publishing their drst number. ‘The cause of much ofthis delay lies in the fact that Host of the mazacines begin the year with a pew ard inexperienced staifl lt would be a better plan tahave the new men take bold of the work a month or twa befove the close of the aia year, bis might avold the appearance of so many September numbers in October. Anz Arbor aad Cornell Fave arranged for a game of foot-ballin Detroit, Nov. 21. Carnell’s football team has aworid-wide reputation, bet they say the Ans Arbor are the greatest scrapers they have ever met. The Italian government nas orderec English to te added to their courses of all the colleges. 2x It is reported that William: Waldorf Aster intends to endow 2 negro university at Oklahoma witk a million dollars.— A. What sea srould prefer a thunder storm in? A-ri- atic. 2, Five collere dailies are now in circulation, FPrince- ton, Harvard, Yale, Cornell and the University of Michigan each publish one. Ht is reported as troe that the red neckties and laree checked trousers of Be U], of AZ. students are so loud that it is easy to Boow when the boys are apognd even when they don’t yall, Shyer Hity per cent of the students of Clive: Collere entered this #131. Albion College has tour bandred and fifty-eight students eamlied this ierm. L. &. Rickerd, their famous sprinter, will mot returo this year but ther say there is a iwety-tweo foot jumper in cMlecs who may belp to keep up an interest in athletics. How Apnoty AARON. Abou Feo Adneqrs name ied all the rest, in the fork of those whom Sod had biessed; But vet the names were all, af truth must be confessed, Arranged in order of bhe alphabei Ara eae i. | oR OUR Department We employ the Largest force of Skilled Designers anc Jewelers in the State, and Heve unequaled facilities for Manulacturing Society Badges of Every Producme Artistic jewshry satel escripiion. Wright, Kay & @o., IMPURTHES z Jz WELERS&, it Waodward Are. = = BETROIT. SUCCESSCR OF THE UNABRIDSER. fie-ecitel anu Baeed fram Ooyer to Govern FULLY AERELST OF THE TIMES. | INTERNATIONAL | \. DICTIONARY / A CRAND INVESTMENT For the Easmuz. Ge apiirad er bine Library, eo oF The work af revisiun vwooupied over ten Feats, Mere than a konered editeriai dnporers having bers ene- Bioy 2d mast oer POO, Eos tApended, Hritien} camarisan with any Dishonary invited, SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. A descriptive patipiiiet comtainihe speciben pages, iNosbratians, uxtveess Urey SCH Te rhe ws, Ope eT $F emivent people. ete.. sent free upon applisation, fantion is needsd in Purchasing a GicHanary, as Photo fraps reerinie of ap obsolete ad both parnéireiy werth fans sdilion of Yrehsher are being markgiea Ender reriods lanes and offen by tisrepresengation. - GET THE BEST, — ; The Iptermadiensl, which bears tha imprnt of G.&¢, MEAAIAh4 & O2., Publishers, SPRINGFIELD, Micss., U.S. &. THE SPECULUM, ents’ Fine Shoes. 2 404 Washington Avenue North. 194, FY SPECIALTY. Exita effart made ta please - > COLLEGE STUDENTS in aes and prines. © Parmelee S Jessop, or For the Finest | Photographic Work f to to CASSEY GP RILEY. . Over Lansing National Bank, . . Outdoor Groups Made On Ser Dotica. SPECIAL HAPRAS FO STOPS. sete TE | 7 5. Frosr, oF. Dayvra. Cr, WW FeReeaian. President, Treasurer. See'y sod M's, Psderson Feoad Cart Co. Homdaterers of Fine Read, Track and Speed Carts, LANSING, MDLCHIGAN. _ Thempson & Cook, Primterrs. DAIWSING, DeTCETIc AR. | FRED W. BER TCH, Wholesale god retail dealer in Fresh and Sale POULTRY, GAME IN SEASON.,. . Hao, sbi Washington. Te South, Telephonic Com munication, aca dadael ® Wh. FF. HANSEN, LARGEST STOCK of? | Fine Drugs, IMPORTED, and = |'| Medicines, | ‘| Pure Chemicals, . KEY GARS, |- pore a HELIS SES oe Fancy and ae CIGARETTES and ;| Toilet Articles, FINE TOBACCOS. |: Perfumes: | pees i Next to Postafice; LANSING, ‘MICH. | _VOISELLE-& & AROSE, , STUDENTS! HEADQUARTERS FOR ur all Paper and Decora! nas _ fill styles at Rock Bottom Prices. o10. i ag 200 WASHINGTON AVENUE SOUTH. ~ OT he bing Grosse "OR: LANSIN Eee: