f a | a | i —. a. A FRLESS Hi. Be. S. AcainuntugaL Cotnece, Micu., funy 32,1892. WHOLE No, G2. ue. Ezpisieace in Brazil. Zniton Srecuiam——in response to your tequest i gisdiy offer the. following con- daneed account of my experience in endeavor ine to found an agricuiteral pallege in Brasil, Zast September, Seu hor ee Queiroz of the State af San Pasia ceme to this couniz clsiming im seprevent an amoclation of Brazilian gentlemen, who proposed te estab- sh i i Ghat tee an agricultural athool On. the seme plan. a3 iS OSS approved here i the States, viz: ig teach the eclences related te agricalinre, anil the practios with. special feferance te the introdaction aad mse of machinery. “Fo this ead they had pledges a2 substantial aid fram the general govers- Meni, is addities to fixed and liberal endow: agent From the Siste—neither af which | Seaterislieed. when an the ground. . The e plea at ane owas college Plesood ‘the Sted peor a and asshet i | the donnding. Many wary sewilleg io undertake 8. fe thal invades’ | so much yacertainty ane. 7 dines ede against suche, een RERTESS santage te bath thet esantry. sed thie an gall aa to tba calinge whore man wight do te work. rea: see ceumaee he proposition conty, Se — eee lee shonkl be modeled | ‘Elosely | abet ee Sf ont, Sern Me ae BRS 6 mig be E Minerva, fay equipped for duxiess. 2 ee understanding of all that ae ieas : eaecee follows as ‘logically “gat Be: Cate - American or English * friend. Co wines: | Ga'the conlraty all agreed thai: _ prise was Premature. Ang. ee : the ways is Bot : an slide : egait, : ravaLersMeree bt rare piu runadpara i shese conditions will, Teiings as clear the. ‘isipossibility, such an ‘enterprise ; ih that SoBBiry: : Gebilvy | WRs evinced.ft fran OFS = ne the Bret; “The ‘Governmeat: Vere Ip: “whic ‘bad (een: Poorest | a Read ‘Gxed, 5 Had OH courge ig ntedici the stideess: or ‘Failure of an untried enterprise is largely & matter of hazard and epinion 5 bul if the few search: ing questions that.} put had been “intel. gentiy and trathdully daswered, t ‘could hare foretold in New York what T saw immediately on arriving, and’ confirmed every day of my stay, viz. that auch Ba institution is. impossible | to found wader. wy # vuchtt wad | present ‘comes H0n8 5 and, moreover, hes ‘ have ne support even if it could be Set! deve 5 fram here. and .appear among then mere ad we A Astsh iy np tips ve PS ABE ee acquire a full. ands Conip ae Barty SAS ay : ea ee ; PS peat a ed as TE wR oF, Be ie, ininly as effect. ever, bliows cansey, ail a ot Pe. 2 ori : enh ae ard expressed the Jeast surprise at. the: ‘eplcome. wee as, 1 aa eer oe rea ae = ot oo ree voleiy ar ere ren he ey ey woe “at ree "However, _ an. guudeaton OE Ss ae aah ans Tot uae PY oy et pts sminte nie “ let ee ne ee se Phe” nafionzl trait GE: Rokieness aS a peed titled aipoatae. eeulauve enactiiert. 7 oe s asociation -SdvbHie or nothing, dnd - bandas oF Tabor fad’ “expense seemed 2 os Hace * Be. ee 2 “And it® raduilly . UENe - ¥36 T He S 5 ROU GUM. ‘class af ‘92, becomming. | a mentber of the team ‘this ao ; etter thus: "4 very large building where the boys : play, foot-ball, aad an wet days tead books,’— spring, and bas since deyeloped . inte one of its best * pilagers. “CenterHielder Bernatt of Detroii belongs te the élass “of "ad, playing’ with the team for the; Grst time “this spting. . ABA fielder Bernart has shows binmsetr: ‘gira qnd active, but his best work Has been done om the bases, britizing ism scores where 2 less fleet or active player weasld have been left. ‘Lett fielder Chase of Detroit entered cal! ogn. with. the class of “mg, and though not at ‘present a member of the college, still heids his position. sorry: ‘Patrick of Detroit belongs to the clags of "9g, “and hes: acted as tenth man for the team for some hime, i a playing in many of the games, and doing credit: to. itimself and profit to the team. ” Reeard made hy the team in the last three sames : ecte — . : AE] BR. [RS 0) & to, - aigitsbn et ee] 4 4°] -a “) ae Barietts ua) | 1S 5 & 4 | it fb &.. . * Feeeie: Teli das “43 ra it rd repeats -Bhabried 03 13 r 2 ee re ee ‘deeb oger, ©.-p WE. 5 y _# |. B i Feiieeer, Jd | is 2 d OT yf ae PV AGREBES creretd 1B & Boge Qoob ghia. : MGHAT cect FL H D i 1. 8 ata. ack at |] ge | a bee “fs EOLLEGES AND EXCHANGES. 4 . “HHgre wD ‘Among pther things Yale's new gymuossinm ‘will “nan cress. The Tuning track will be thirteen Japs “the. mile, circling the walls of the great hall or we Mmoasinmn proper. — The Rose Technte, ota ears pee ““Oxtord University will sead aa sight cated crew te ie = SotEps cre wil pe there bes com peter = B icied pou wit recatt ini ‘hele higher » iF ets Ghose of the U Ppiversity of Kiev. ’ dane dition. Bir... , ; eves ie teachei asked, 4 And wirat is spate? ma ’ “The tiersbling’ stu dent saudi : . “0 HE paket Bink present ee ee Eanes: 2 ae hate Po oo, Lo “Coleg inate “oP Sided’ Addins of Cornell has resigned: ee office: seen years. | : a. i Shope _ vhbe: id oan a have. a swimining tank 55 x25 feet deep ; rowing | : ors 30 feet each for the university ‘aod freshe + Bet Dhare itin my beaded T dB Be ol Bl oes n'a | thesWorld? & Hair if it canbe assured that American § |: 7 “Fi he: eeelew aaliaact § freedom and more advanced ideas? eg 3 “mibbieetat. governnient, the Czar has seen fit weeeder S¥ epathiy is a “faigely: witthlig students, and ee may reste: Frnt Be Perse eer of ol aw Prick, by maell; SL, Liberal diseount & Fapanese student describes Harvaid ia a home Pre Seven, professors of the university of Pennaytyania . have been asked to resten, being charged with tesch- dng partisan, politics. —eE, i in ,)OUR Manufacturing a » De partment “We employ the “Largest force. of | 7 Shilted Designers and Jew elers in’ the state, and 2 Hare unequaled facilittes for on Producing’ Artistic Jewelry and ee Society Bedges of er Description > Wright, Kay & Co.,. oli [MPORTERS & JEWELERS. 104 Woodward Ave, | DETROET. “OR BHANWAL GF FHE APEARY, eX BX 2 ur wo Pave Hy ta na sidbiiote since 1876 6,000 sold singe May, 1888. igen 1.800 : seme” ‘Teyived? much Sitlhaged, ang many caktly ithsctins Ee 08 Bonopatte sion fos ‘les o ; foes an Pubs, - - Eanatni 5 Mi 7 122 THE SPECULUM. Brazil that cared to have an agricultural schoal. 7 Again the political situation, always uncertain, saffered complete disruption twe days before I landed, and revolution fol- lowed revolution over all the country with a rapidity you cantot conceive of, and” of which the meagre reports that reach out papers are but echoes in which the individual disturbaaces are lost and merged. into a con fused jumble that you call chronic revolu- torn. has bean deposed or the levislature dissalved, generally both, and often several times, and the city o: town that has not endeavored to oust is officers by violence in the excep- tion. Bloodless? Unfortunately in most cases, yes. Added to this was the fact that money which had stood in the days.of Dom Pedro IT at qo cents to the milreis had stink under the republic to 31 cents, notwithstanding the banks had been allowed ito draw on the fiational tressury for any loss they might sustain in holding exchange at a respectable figure; and when the president dissolved congress and declared himself dictator, it took a sudden drop to 26 cents. only to gradually settle threugh the gamut of de- cline to 22 cents, and this in the face of marketing the coffee crop, the only product . “that brings large amounts of gold to the ‘ébunity! : Where it will go pefore the nest harvest no than knows. Remembering this: ‘the: par value of the milreig is 54 cents, cwhat can any man or. any enterprise accom- plisk: when it draps to 22, and banks refuse for days re sell foreign exchange at any eed 2. Tt requires but a brief residence’ to con- vince one that Brazilians are an exceedingly ‘polite and generally obliging people, but . unteliable - ‘and thoraughly lazy, with an 7 Aversion to 2 labor that is inborn and inbred ditions atid a long: period of slavery, uritit x HO ah i OF Woman labors. with the hands except In nearly every State the governor H ‘oul ti¥ ation. from dire necessity, Hence labor is the ensiguia of poverty, and he who labors forfeits recognition as a gentleman. Vhe fottunes of Brasil were made on coffes and sugar plantations by slave laber. Both, especially the former, were enor- mously profitable, because not only from the wature’of the crop, but because it was raised upon land that originally cost but little and was never taxed, and cultivated by slaves woo propagated rapidly and in that climate need little in the way of clothing or ‘shelter, and were expected to raise enough beans and corn to feed themselves. This system made the gross income about as near met profit as it is possible to bring the twa together. En Columbia when the fleece were freed they took to the woeds and would not labor for love or money. They had no use for either. In that climate they needed nothing but food and that, such ag it Was, Was every- where to be had forthe picking. In Brazil the slaves when freed flocked to ‘the cities, and by: no rhetorical figere can they be described as either industrious, frugal or moral, Labor, yet insufficiently paid, is scarce and of wretched quality, - Brazil with its miserable methods and most incon- ceivable unskilled labor cannot pay even low wages and compete with the rest of the world in any crop but’ coffee. Tt does not signify when they say that the coffee crop was doubled the year after slavery was abolished, because the coffee does not bear tii five years olf, and practically every bear- ing coffee tree was planted and ‘raised by slaves. a It was with the greatest difficulty that laborers could be had to harvest common crops this year. Coffee planters only could offer large wages, and all that would labor were heeded for gathering that crop during the season of several moaths. Practically all the labar of the farm ie hand labor, for the heavy koe is the: “universal Weapon of The plow i is A sinall affair, too THE SPECULUM. 223° diminutive to turn afurraw,and the plow- ran has no idea of cutting all the ground, but after soing over two -or.three thmes in various directions he considers his duty done and the hoes do the reat. In all my stay I meyer aay aiarm laberey who could drive ateam with lines, and but few that could wee tules or bullocks at all: Tis unskilied labor has ail the stabborn- meses thet goes with ignorance, and it is practically unteachable, Ji the white mar az the overseer hag any superior knowledge, the pride of his class hes always prevented him frem acquiring any mantal dexterity; and he is neither fitted nor inclined to teach the ignorant laborer any better ways. So fhe methods of the country are the blunder- ing creations of the ighorant ‘slaves crystal- ised by Gime, aid may- fairly be said to have . become hereditary. iT will illustrate volumes of observaticn ani experience by one incident. The only vehicle of transportation over the general roads ig the bullock cart, with two solid wheels keréd to the axle which turns With the wheels. The whole strueture weighs ghoyt 2 ten, and is drawn by anywhere from four to. twenty Shuliocks. “Phe chief feature of this institution is that unearthly cevenking of the axle, which ts easily heard a aodle away. . Ehe-drivers -oil the axles fo dhe Pes Ceguead?” cand the’ noise is cen- Sidiered indispensable. Ss 'Nhow fo amy stery. . We had a cart made ‘with an iron-pxlesthat did not turn, but car. | | pled ordinery.- wheels, and gave it to the best driver. “He gied it, but soon said it was Mno good’ --He mist have one of the eld engs that-yould “squeal,” and came near quitting begsuse his tequest was not granted. Tcesldmultiply examples indefin- ately! beitreé daborers-and-of the. employers : tg -divdagree. of ‘stupidity. in matiers | Plechanieat: thal ds truly ‘astounding. - In .all ae * SAE a Dae pat his -at jeast inthe sense of beang ready talkers se re re men labor besides such laborers and ame such methods? Nay verly. ° The only genteel occiipations are medi.” _ eine and the law, whose followers sre fall? as respected ag. the ficenderra - or planter. It is only recently that sons of . gentlemen engaged in mercantile pursuits, and it can hardly be called customary yet. Teachers are considered a very respectable cless of iaborers, butdaberers they are, and their salary is not sufficient to enable them to go inte society. A sovernment position is the most seughi after as the most gentecl and rerunerative employment, and if ene can beheve toe cur- rent Tepert # is doubtful if total recerpis are included under the head of salary. Under — the empire, government appointments were from civil life and from the medical and © legal professions, especially the latter. The ~- repeblic is an army and navy enterprises” me and glost appointmenis are irom these rank sf sk Ji is not surprising then that every ambitious Ee youth seeks the army, er that the mitaey a schools are crowded to an inerdinate degree as compared with other schools. ‘The dress.‘ ami parade are themselyes alirastive | fo | ae 2 people especially sensitine 46 eee af pear Pe worn with huge aratife OAtOR, 2h Bee bayonet awerd be added 3 sas ey hed Whe ‘ neart. ; ‘There is a peculiarity in “the meatal | euinne: stitution as-fatal to our enterprise ag is the antipathy to labor, and the lack of manual. : skill in ali things. As a race they ame, naturally to languages and are bora avabitss K. and speakers. af they are potortcinely, oe . fAguhers, dehcient ip rensoning ptt Spend Ges wee ee ned io saguire, ante thy aie of th Higher a7 . 4zq THE SPECULUM. Agassiz says of-them in bis admirahle book, fourney in Brazii: “The education ig One rather of books than of facts, Indeed as long as the prejudice against manual labor of all kinds exists in Brazil, practical instruc- tion will be deficient; as long as students of nature think it anbecoming a gentleman to handle his own specimens, to carry bis own geological hammer, ta make his ow aciet- tifc preparations, he will remain a mere dilettante in investigation.” p.4ag. These are the words of perhaps the great est.man— at least the keenast observer—that ever ftrayeled in Brazil. i wiil add that to-day this prejudice is so strong that Hétle boys tpithe kindergarten department of the - Faissinay schools object to whittling, fearing : they. witl be taken for carpenters. aE Have. far exceeded the limits oF space one thar I should. eccupy., Iwill add one more : iiculty. that of tiself wauld eHeciually bar ss “American from successful work. 1 ‘fefer. to. the intense prejudice against Pro- s, testants, Although the jaws recognize re- “Higtous, rights and prom'se religious liberty, : the: eouairy is practically under the powet af that. most bigeted. and intolerant sect of Roman. Catholics, the Jesuits. ac Bhe * admirable little mission school in Pitecigabn is 08. nearly ten years standing, ine ‘ras - the week I came AWAY. fare wach “ sea: great ¢ afferse 7 oy taking a Pro- “lend tose where: the college was ne sree intveducing L him. i firmly be- eve at the: sotemain observation 18° rue, sey eae thee only American institution that Facany Gusinescin. | Brazt] at present ig our pgioty Supported: by Morthera people and Bp: capital, and upheld: Hythe grace and al: ‘tab éan make substautial Suagainst, ignorance, auperstition ated suce thes. atternpt ‘to! antroditce- ‘other — jour civilization that are | Eupon of es sell lahddeled religion tut precede everything else, where the credulity and the ignorance of the people ate so played upon and systematically per- petuated asin Jesuitical Bragi They must leatn to read before they can learn te think and act. Jiverywhere there goes first the missionary with his schoo: and. his Bible: then commerce; then Anglo-Saxon biced With its chilization, and ite institutions which grait but poorly upen the Latin races, Quoting Agassiz again: “# * if also I miss atdong them something of the stronger and more persistent qualities of the Narthern races, Ido but recall a distinctien which is as ancient ag the tropical and the temperate zones themselves.” Rowever much Brazilians envy us ovr prosperity, and admire our civilization in the abstract, they have little appreciation and ac love for its details, the concrete is positively distasteful to them. There are such things as tacial likes and dislikes so strong that mere associations will not remove, aad aething but time and mixture of blood will eradicate, Of this nature, i. seeras to me, are many of our institutions that we prize highest, and partioylarly is it true of scien- tife and industrial education. I could multiply reasous and examples in- definitely, J conid mention many that are stronger, but that were better not written. L have certainly kept far within the bounds of moderation, and my convickor ts. alnding | that it will be many years before success “it establishing and supporting. such att institution can be reasonably. expected, in- deed a persistent and wealthy Arsfdrican recently established an agricultural school apon a practice farm, by his own efforts and capital, but it had no students. The trip was valuable, even beyond my. expectations, and] realize better than before i the need of somewhat wide observation on | the part of him who wadertakes to. instruct, i: Therefore while:. i regret the outcome | a ' | never’ foro one, menent regretted. making the A - * ., $ennd. in the cnerculum. Phey learned te . _ alumni and students as individuals. | THE SPECULUM. iam, air, with deepest love and respect to. yourselves and the readers of the Specunum, hncerely. yours, , EUGENE DAVENPORT. The Alumsi ia. Politics.” A Yo tke Editor of The Specsium :- The article in a receat number of the SPECULUM which treated of the rizhts and: Guties of young men in polities was excellent, and ja worthy of much further consideration. - Permit me to draw a few practical conclu- sions irom it, which, T think, have much to do with the welfare and prosperity of the coliese as an educational institution, and the A few yeurs ago the alurini association. appointed a commuttee om political action, whose specifie work was to secure the ap- pointment of graduates of the college upon the State Hoard of Agriculture, This cmirse of action was not taken because it was feit that the members of the Board did .not have the best taterests of the college at heart and were not doing good work for it. ‘To the contrary the. alumni have. always _hetd that these,men have been loyal to the |- _ college, and bave.at all times labored with : he graduates whe aré residents: energy ami exthusigsm in its bebalf... they ‘have succeeded is shows by: the fet thetthe Michigan Agricultural College, is - recagnized AS being one of the. best of the: many schools of its kind. Those who have been students at this institution appreciate the many valuable lessons learned during their course of study, Those whe gradu- ated learned many lessons that were oot . Joak. upon the. place 83, A home surreunded v Bg tiany. hallowed. associations, Their life - as students enabled them to fort mainy ties:; . af friendship which will ever be a com fait’, . 5 and & Mesing.. Khe effect, of. all: this, hases beoik ich Stock Pope Used. Ys thats : S ene a dave for Alma: Mateg: teegentine hes . € 5 ies th i with the borders of the State, graduates 7 to secure the re ‘appointment | of, men. : + deed, there have. been: critical: tintis ap | hess aw hee have giv en. the subject: “ubome: attention: : ARE: postion “of aa ener ; smgmabets:s are © appointed. by: the. Gave, <0. & that most of the alumai, 80 fat as thelr cir cumstances will permit, pay frequent visits’. to the college, to renew their many acquaint. ances and to sit under the oaks and live: over.again the happy days of yore, It is * this same love which | leads them to -take: as deep interest in.the welfare of ‘the . collegé, re and to desire to take some part in its man-": agement. : No one will deny but what there APE, , well qualified to act.as members of the State Board of Agriculture.. That such is the cage has. been demonstrated -by : actual. : test, and it.was what promipted the: appoints ment of the committee whose: proviriee was. a wie had-been tried and found acceptable: lass history of the colege, where-.oné: v6 Had a been connected :with . the Jastitation Ere student conld- render more valuable ; Servicd:! z than another person could who had: never received the beyefits of such a. eonpection: ne Fut the question of vital ‘importance ate this time is oot.whetheror no. there. Shall” be graduates upon the State. ‘Board: oF Agri culture, . Ii is ‘generaily - conceded by those: that at feast, one-third: ithe Board: Ought De a ta eT obi State: Ta eR in the future. Even, if it, should Caine work must necessarily be dehe over and: over again, year after, years SE: Laie: as they 126 ‘THE 83PECUT. UM. ‘didates may not. bargain away their offices hefore election, but some do. The alumni “committee, ‘in- order to de effective -work ‘must be everywhere. As a rule, it must have. influence-to sell in order ta get the “place it seeks, It must confer with -all the -eandidates of all the: parties to be sure. [i * 46 did less work it might tie to the wrong rian, bacause it is not certain nowadays who . will be nominated or who will be elected. Sa much wark, with no strety of being suc- ‘cessful makes the fask an undesirable one. _. Et seems to me as if the only proper thing to de now, is fer the alumni to turn their at- tention to. the law governing the appoint ‘ment of members of the State Board of Agriculture. This law should be. amended scr that it. gave the alumni association the right to elect. one-half or one-third of the members of the board, This would’ put an end to all lobby work and do at once forall time, a work that the association attempted to do in a more roundabout manner. We . find a precedent for this at Corsell -Univer- sity. The iw proviles that outside of the honorary and ex-officio menrbers of the board. one-third of the members of the - board ‘of trustees shall be elected. by the alumni, At the: regular meetings of the : alumaoil,.one of their number.is elected to A printed, “plank, ballot is serit to each graduate, together with, a: ‘list. of the: nominations made for the “places: -Ehis; ote filled out sin proper form pees sent: +6 ‘the. secretary. is recorded... This ‘.. /act asa. trustee for five vears. : gives ail who desire, ah opportunity to ex-: | De ‘their. choice, « Ehis system should be adopted in. Michi- gan. It-can be done if every graduate, : Pee of the college will work | 3 to.getithe law amended. No one ever con- < meted with -the ‘college -is: so: insignificant: | “tbat, he has.no influence. - Hf thisstretigth is Alinassea’. and. turned. in one direction; . ich Pare Bornes ot Bet mel SE Sout: own. choice on ‘the: State: ai : AI we ari bat de wall eee aa ‘vita 40 the} meetings of the alumni, and decit: ‘becaise of thelt-gaod work. rr and undoubted! y. cause more of the members ‘to be present. This will result’ in good because one cannot visit the college without being pleased and resolving to do more earnest work im its be- half in the future, . : There is another good that will come if the alurmmitake a hand in practical politics, It is getting difficult nowadays——not only for the Agricultural College, but for other State institutions bo get the money recessary ta equip them properly and carry on their work effectively. A sort af parsimonious apirit seems to haver over the State Legisla- ture. There ought to be a few graduates alected to every session of this body: The graduates ought to take part in ‘the. caucus convention, and to let thetr influence be felt. They should confer with all candidates before -election, and ascertain their atutude toward the collexe, Ferhaps some work might be done for them’ that they will repay by being friendly toward the college. I do not advoeate any underhanded methods. in .politics we should be actuated by the same spirit of honesty and manhness that pervades. the best business circles, If every graduate and student will lend.a hand in this year’s campaign, doing all the good work they can, the Michigan Agricultural College will take several steps to the front. and be far more secore in-her place at the head of the schools of this kind. we a. >. Three-Lights of the Century. ‘JOHN W. RITTINGER, PHI DELTA THETA FRATERNITY, We live in a progressive age. Nota sun sinks beneath the horizon, but what maugp- rates some form of mechanical: invention, some wonderful: discovery of science, or “perhaps brings some dark ‘and “unexplored laid to lig hi. -- DOE, come front it. Not: oul yes will wef Withid the last century there Have been maity ‘men whe hive become em- “Among “ghee we shall emetition ‘three whe are THE sPECULEM, 129 especially prominent, yis., Darwia, Stanley and .Paderewski, Charles Darwin, the great English scien- tist, was born at Shrewsbury, February 12,. iBoq, His early Hie was spent mostly in traveling, and saa result he wrote: “The Voyase of the Naturalist,” several other works equally as good. We find his whole life devoted to scientific subjects anzi from him.we have received sore of our most Mader views in science. “Phouch not the originglor of the “Eyclationary and enthusiastic adverates. His work on the “Origin of Species,” considered , the widest known and te haye caused the most if excitement of any of his works, ‘This theory - caused severe controversies, but it has been emoraced by nearly if not ail of the ablest naturalists and has induced great changes in the methods of biology. Hig theories on several of the leading scientific questions are combined tegether, and form what iz called Darwinism, or the Darwinian The- ary, ‘is theery had great opposition at ihat time, bat happily CAarles Darwin lived to see the prosperous beginning of this great, silent, philosophical revolution, Hiarrey's Grand Discovery,” it has heen said, was scoffed at for nearly half a genera-_ tion, “Newton's Marveailous law.of Grari- tatign”: was coldly received even by the. Pigantic..intellect of Lerbnite. Prancis / Bacon im. dwsenise and humihation, could only commend his mame and memory te foreign nations and the next age. Ti is too often 86 with thinkers of the first rank, happily, it was mot so with the great and gentle soul of Charles Darwin. Alone among the. prophets and teachers of tri- umpbant creeds, he saw with his own eyes } the adoption of the faith he had been first to promulgate i ig all its fullness. Ee. died | April FO. 1682; beng the. Nestor, a8, ‘Evoln, . - Bopbent:: die had. lived among | iwe suenessive pefahens of this Obs patel, over the third led as ng, es I Shake c Hewning. JON. ae j again visited Afries wabdet | aiec: sad: See = tion of the whole world. Pos such. honor, : asin of @ great, a noble, and a happy hfe, let. 85 é leave him here alone im his glery, oo Henry M. Blanley, the ereat explores and. discoverer of the nineleenth ‘Sepeury, | Seas : born at Denbigh, of Wales, jn 1840. He. came to America at an early age ame serued. : in the fate Civil War, as aapecial correspond. . eni forthe Wew Fork ferafd. In 1867 he . was tuvited by Mr. J. Gordon Bennett. te. undertake an expeditian in search. af Dr, - Livingstone, im the regions of Lake Zan- | ganyike. in 1y9q he published an account Theory,” he was one of tts earliest and most : of his travels entitled,**Heaw 1 foued Live , ingstone.” Again in ise he Was sent to. Africa, this time under the, auspices of, ke 3 fert Heraid and Dechy Teieziaga. : HE, 2 his travels this ume he discovers | he: bon go, which he describes beaatifully: .s ‘dae: well known work, “Through: - ie: ‘Dark . Continent.” This book was published after . he returned te England. Prom: 1878, te |, iSeg he was engaged in locaiing | stations, along the Congo, where trade could be car-: ried onowith the natives. After relureang: . this time he gay lectures upen many inter... esting subjects relating to his travels, sspece ‘3 ialty. ig the commercial fesources, OF, thes: Congo. During | the winder, be. eee ehosen, j governor of the Congo Pree, Shige 2 He, fe aa maby move interesting’ discoweties, TehirnengS : home this time amid the boson aad, ad ifira. ° < can not ke atiributed te ‘Stanley: the. eT. who has sacrificed the Happlest | portion | of his life for the good of mankind, aad borne s every affliction without.a RHETT, Asserves,. : our praise and admiration. | ee bees Ignace fan. Paderew st, , he: Rinsig* Boelish musician, Was. Bota, 4a Padotia;: Boost province of Russian. = .Pilaudy < natere tdek.”” She showed him her gracious “Ngilenee, her sguls:of forest, Held and brook, her stir of tivirig growth, her various. skies and motions. From -earliést youth, Pade- “rewski was very quick tohear; atthe age of three he would steal to the piano’ to togch the keye and to listen. Hie firet began to study music when-six years old, his instructor. -being # country fiddler, whose knowledge of muste was very limited; later he studied - harmony aud counterpoint with Roguski and took piana lessons of. Janetha. At six- teen, young Paderewski made a tour through Russia, This journey was of great value to ) him forth: this tour he learned to watch his audienc®-and, to play t to them just as he does to-day. okt the age of twenty-three, Pade- _rewski was professor of music in the Con: | ; servatory of. Strasburg. being ‘still poor, but. poverty could fet.crush tis noble spirit nor - narrowshis conéeption of life, It was simply a stimulus to incessant work... With Pade- rewski, practice and study never cease, Be- fore.every concert he is accustomed ta shut himself up and to practice ‘all night, carefully over his whole program. When _ all is securely thought over and worked out, : ‘the artist 1s ready. for his hearers, The next °h, a. “BOes: to the pizhe.. “Miaster - of ins “tase his innee-feelings. oe 7 , “How Paderewski playa; and was it he, “OF some: ‘distodied Spirit that had rushed. Brom siletice inte singing, that had crushed . _. nto one startled hour a life's ielicity, _ “And highest: ‘Bliss of knowledge that ali life, grief, Wrloz - “Paros, at last to beauty and to Song. mo They Ate ben eiyi HS wild garde and ‘as they | sreait: Soreiine 'spdcies: tele great WBE te watched | =e With. arab Fe HALES pee ping. “partows dow 7 meters in length. : : parent, ‘needle-shaped and seen oly“ with«_ Se SOLENTIFIC. As interesting Fungus. ‘BY GH. HICKS. | Fungi ate as varied in their tastes as some - people. While many of them are especially fond of plants ot fruits which are cultivated by the farmer, others-are found only upon ‘weeds. These of course are beneficial for they sometimes accomplish what @ consider- able tillage does not, However tot all fungi are vegetarians, . We recently collected a species near the college which préfers a meatdiet. It has a _ slender stalk from “15-3 cm. long,.which — appear to grow out of s rotten log. Upon | digging away the soft wood to the-depth of | 7 an inch 6r so. it ig seen that the fungus hes’ started from “2 dead tarva. It usually” springs from. or neat: the head but aay originate from’ any of the segments. Ag ‘the ‘stem of the fungus passes through the. wood it takes a zigzag course but’ as soci as it reaches the light shoots straight up. wards, At the “base if is covered with a tawny colored fuzz while the upper part. is smooth, ' ; —— ‘Near the top the stem thickens into the’. ‘fruit-heating portion, ‘called. the ‘strotria,’ | which is cylindricat and i:5°fom. in: diameter” . while: ‘the stem is hot more thar: oné-halfas_ thick, -Above, the. fruiting portion the plant” cot mechanical: rieans; bat plays: with: octet: ” fovea point of afew’ mille * ‘The ‘spores: ‘are travis’: strong magnification, They are bore it -miinute sacs called asci, which are contained in blaek, shiny, pear-shaped cups no jaresr than pin points. ‘These are partly immersed . in the stroma, -The whole plant: is:-of &- light tan color. rites resembles - a roiniaturé” eat al flag without leaves, . CPt TET det «. The fungus was ‘Aééetibed. by. the: Bastek:. +A Sotanite: Berkley aiid: ABroome: from’ Specis® : MENS | collected: Ag. South: Caroling? PE | five years: age andy a6 faeids I knows: ‘has ‘ROE # LHE- SPECULUM. 12g ° heen met with since the.time- of. Ravenel its discoverer,. natil found by “the.. writer, it is named Cordycaps Stylophora,. the specific name referring to: the at Tia: Or point above the stroma, There are several other species ‘belongin: g . tothe same geaus, The hoste upon which all of my specimens grew was the larva of the Coleopterous borer, Lendroides .Cana- densis, which, as it happens, is found only in rotten wood, hence is of no damage to living trees. 2 captured several of these larves, aH of which were lively and agpar- ently sound, They, together with moist pleces of rotten wood, were placed under a bel iar. Aftera few weeks each larva. was dead and had from one to four of the fun i growing from it, I hope te repeat. the iS éxperiment .with other larve which are Feally Gestructive. Thanks are due to Mr. j. B. Ebiis for identifying the fungus and to Mr, G. ©. Davis for procuring the name of the loste. Natural History Society. A very interesting meeting of the Natural History Society was held on Friday éven- ing, June ‘zo. . Prominent: ‘among the feat- ° ures of the profram was an teresting“ ‘tathe on *What I found in a tumbler of swamp’ - water” by Professor McNair. ‘The attrac _ tiveness of this article was greatly increased - by the “pleasing manner in which it- was --ilustrated. By means ef thé ingenious combination of compound microscope and stereopticon, the life forms were depicted upen the canvas with startling clearness and in all their activity. Professor -McNair said: *] will nat. attempt to tell you this.evening, ali that we may findiin.a dembler of ditch: water: ' wil sper ‘only af A oe torfas of anid | et nee a | tic of this family. used for switt ming, and they have a distinet | the: family: Cyclops, “ment of. the covering : -6f these 2é of: ‘Ehe antensit: are Jong: artdijointed: ‘and there = 7 Tie 2 age: age. placed “pethcin RERIIEE: es |: the body..and. are ical ‘off ae ‘Phis j is dusing.-the: summers: okey ‘the wali ues _and two eggs are placed. itt: “his: ecepettee ‘These eggs. so protected’ “ails: jstand: the cugs this eveniingbeléng to the class Crig- % facea. Wewill first turn our attention’ to They move with 4 peculiar darting motion which is characteris- ~- ‘Their long antenne are - tail which is made np of several joints, and terminated by a number of spines, This family receives its name from the peculiarity of having but one eye, thus resembling the famous’ Cyclops of Grécian mythology, They breathe by means of branchia or pilis, which are attached to what correspond to their feet and which are kapt constantly -in.. motion, The female Cyclops has twe large ovisacs which aré attached to 3 posterior. segment. in these the eggs are--carriéd “2 until they hatch, when the young Cyclops: 7 come forth, They do not resenible’ in: the: least the parent form, but -have rou oh, spiny” 4 legs, and partake somewhat of the general appearance of the horse-shoe crab, _ The next specimens belong to the farnily Cladecera, and-are known ‘aa “Daphnia -. Vetula. These animals are made up of several segments..and are enclosed: in “4 - bivalve shell which is farmed by tbe devi “cnet oe ca however, a division: ed the- shell: takes”: place, fee 2 es severity of the wintery: while: the: Laden . ‘Frofessor MecNaix cortchidéd his talle ithe a brief description, o£: ‘one: {Ore ‘fva® Siber: Tow forms of life,- He. lsocur ged the? ‘meni bers ° ‘bf the society. tofirvestin até: more th soughly = ; fa What ‘he. proved eleatly to bese ime sibjects, a ae ‘aust interests! ‘ihe Ee Mn We Hi: Aone me cpresented: wicescék | heke 3 paper. onthe erder Fywiehopterass: His‘ PRUE was Tiusiraved: seth: twelve ‘Rue! “plates” £30. oe — (THE. SPEC ULUM. A a ea | which WEES 2-inadé especially: Sor: Hhiee occasions: Mr. Lipwe’s: artiol G5 ‘briefigs: SBS 3 Fallows? rT Be order: ‘Hymenoptera inclodes:. “fe large, | : “namber wal, tMembrayouawinged:. ingests Of; ophigh | the common bees and: wisps ate good: | - iHustrations. : a typical: fl ymenoptera®: may) - branous, the posterior: pair, asdally- smaller |. than the anterior pair; | head. large. with parts. mandibulate, tongue. sheathed; ,abdodsen: of female furnished with a saw, bores, oviposi«, - ter, or sting. "The transformation . 48, COM: plete, that. is. the. lateay: “pupa: and. mago, differ greatly j in. strpthyresand belbits. <0 a. / . “Phe, order is divided-idto eight groups ort... “series of: which : ‘thes ssiw fp. séties. 4g-ithe Jt. “dewest Be these. jngectgdfuateate ca s dedegenet-. * ites forts: of: Hymenopte: fay and: he hee.series: the: highest... : Rrokablyy the: most: important, | - “ however,: from. aniekgeomic ‘standpoint, 3 ig. ” the: third. series, achich: peludes the: ichnen... monidas and Stherifavvtien of . Jeymenopter. ous. Parasites: Wrerest not: for. these para-. ' sites, the’. ecuntry. _veukd : ihe. overnin. wih predacenus. inseets of warious: kinds. .. . As an order, the: iyitenoptars. are 3 verys “Mnteresting, especially ¢ SG Bs bes “highest. | vdevelopment. Jia the | sfrgect: _Aorld:. is, here. founds: aoe the : Case: of the ants, and . -als@: of “tbe: bees, 9. belt: nidlaiens: aaghst te | ee Bt: times, ! ‘to Henort,. BEE: .Bb0d.. iMustya..4 “Hons, of, this » powers! : i be. iheainner would . . ak men ‘thie Governor could =e Pegi ‘Bs S akuayr ae a ‘Mud Lowes. vaitidle § eas, eae _ obser vations, o fter.” a bys some: . Oe ; this j is not, a new idea, k | suggestions of proce dure aré carried out the | . [oe pegs ent af She choral ree me “practically sorneets “ITH F SPECGLaEM, {. _-PUBLISRED MONTHLY DURING TIE COLMEGE TEAR, - “BY THE STUDENTS | ‘OF The Michigan STATE AGRICULTURAL CoLLece. - be described. as: folios x te NE ings: Louk; Tera sh Tenis, TS CRS a WEAK: Santee Numenks, 10 Crrrts, ABV EN VIRIAG CTI ARE ROW Oo AEP LES aT er all subseriptions wil] be regarded as contioned, onless- Wwe are plified bo fhe contruy. -TE-this Wem is-murked, your auhscriotion is in darvears. BOARD OF EDITORS ECLECTIC S0CiETY, EW. Pest, EGitor-in- Club, ST, Literary ¢beles and Editorials, : os «, ., HESPERTAN. SOCIETY. He A. Pc, Pas eee . Scrence, GLYHPIC. S001 ETY, &. w. Davis, " - - 7 “College News, ; DELTE Tat “DELTAS ERATERNITS, a 2 mee TPROEBEECK, | >. - Personals, . UNE ow tirerar RY #0 ad EF ¥. GH re Hawes, . thletics, ‘PHI DELTA THETA FRATERNITY. “h EE Ramet, Colleges and’ Exchanges, iE: Havicsen, re Business Manager. i Hauky 2 ste _ ast Business Manager, Sar. 1 Ge REvNOLDS, So . - Trcasarcr. “AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, JULY 11, 1592. “IN this issue . of. the | SPacuLum O. c. Howe, Be, furnishes an article od especial -inierest to. the. _weHare of .the college. . Auoo and students, do you: not think Mr. Howe has. an. idea welk, werth - “pisshi ing? Who knows. the needs of. it. college. better . | then its. alineeni; cand if: but: one-third , of the . Board are. alurani the:. other. two- thirds -: would . check ‘any _unreasonabl &. Tequest . athe. heeds of the. college: than any. other class | appoint, . True hot. if Mr. Howe's. pec eee ae the one-third would. know - _more time will come whan, the State Board of Agricultare will be constituted as suggested, om . are . Aes Wien ‘this, issue . ‘of. the Sracucus rye” -eilitors!? lay. down: their editorial Pens. to be. : ce wisedes bY: a. new Board... Whether oF not | ae a Luldlled-the. trust reposed, in us we . cs Pied tried. to ‘do. We hat we. thought .. We. feel. that-this isa fitting THE. BN ate time to express our thanks to the members of the faculty aud: alumni whe ‘have ‘so kindly encouraged and assisted | us id -our work. We sincérely hope that we have:at: least kept the SpecoLuM up to .its ustial standard of excellence, and that: it-is more firmly established: than’ ever befure. principles of kindiy criticism: as our prede- cessors, and voice the sentiments of the stu- dents towards the welfare.of the college. Now we bid the Srecuzuar and its read- ers good-bye. ‘You have been a big help to us in many ways, and although you will. ’ seon forget us, we shall never forget yan, . We are pleased to learn, that’: the faculty © at their last meeting. voted in. favor. of plac. ° ing “German of French in the college cur-’ ticulum, the study ta be elective in the senior year. . Nearly every earnest student rejoices at the action, and we feel certain that if iatro--| “duced in the course jt means a step in the advancement of the college by adding fo its : énrdéilment. It only needs authority from the Board to. be placed in the course, and - - will:no doubt be favorably received by them, . for the. Board: of 1866 authorized’ if in the course, “but walk stiicken oitt by the faculty - From. the Jatter date’ on “Hil, Preési- fa . GE the faciilty’ i it behalf. of-tte’ aisaennnt ise ‘a perm: anerit grand- atand, te ‘be: paid-foriby: tHe ia i881," “dent: Willits came and. 2. DEW. COUTse. wee . added, there was -a-falling off.:of ‘students; | “gtirdents;: ‘AniC arr appropriation: oF: “B80. ‘for ow hGH WS: tre os largely due to. this “change. . “For the past” few years’ ‘the: college, aS Yes . gards number of students in attendance, has | been at a stand-still, and something i ig needed ‘i . to laduce a larger enrollmenf, and if. appears tgeus that the. above named scheme: will ; dergtly ‘conduge be this desired need,- DAR ee Being ‘ade slective iH necessarily meets she ‘approval , ‘of every. peadent, ‘ard. why! should fhose students iia ‘desire. if ‘Be. aig apres ited E Settee. that follow. any. “of: have tried to carry in: our work the seme. | well taken by the students}. and yall: add a? “new Induceiment to bring TONE. students. athletic sports. © OM abe Eds nasivm, the followiag action, Wak tdkens started in- German will go on -in “ATL inves. — ‘tigation needing that language, thus: greathy ‘aiding him in his work, but’ after busy life comes on the untanght scientist Hes not the time to learn the language, and. ig ‘therefore. unable to make a thorough investigation.. | -Many students .make.a~ specialty of the» sciences taught at the college, atid: then finish at some other college where lan guages “are taught, or if they graduate they are obliged to devete nearly a year’s: work specially to one of the ianzuages, ‘Being i it the college course this extra year’s work 18 saved, for German or French .cauld be sub: - stituted for some of the studies j inthe: senior - year that are nat. a direct- benefit to seb students; co weuld otherwise he neces ALE the scheme is: catiied touched at cil he Tue unsympathizing manner in which 7 the State Board lock upon athletics at. this ‘eollege has caused: considerable criticiam-on - the part of the-studenis and those interested. +3 in the progress of the college, ‘nor. could, fa be expected otherwise. when- they: Bat and °. hear hove : lather colleges: ‘are: éneouraged in: In the Fequest by the. auidetdc: dan mat and parallel bars. to -place:iiv the: gym: ; / Phe. State Board of Agriculture I is- Woes ‘Sympathy with the. developinent of. sth ete | at-the college to such-ancéxtent/as ‘ wall dead te public ‘competition: ‘irdale’ “‘beiweer thes btudamts of this: institution ayia. other collage Si because the. board: Belisyex: tere var e: “pare _ nicious ‘reguits fable tay ‘come from. giving 8G os {arse ac measure ® SOE atiention® ee will : be: me Preguired: by stadents. Wil: prépare. fot Giese” E cis les woul ee : 26m petition teiale, 5 . “The. Board further holds e 132 THE. SPECULITM. _ tion to athletics to contribute to the good health and. physical development of students. . in-terary colleges does not apply to our-in- : stitution, hence the requests of. the com- -amittee.of the faculty on athletics at the col- vlege-la- not granted,”. ete ; Naw. we do nok wish fp criticize e the Board "im its action too severely, -but we think we are safe in saying that the action.of the Board is not in hearty sympathy with the majority of the faculty, the’ alumni or the ‘students, Pernicious results. may be Hable to come from athletic training, but we dauwbt any more than would result from these leisure hours being devoted to in-deor games ar fruitless conversation, _. Mearly every reader knows the position hoe colleges take in regard to athletics, so: we will conclude by. quoting from a Cor- Hel catalogue, showing: the. sympathy the heard. and, faculty af Cornell hold rowan athletic sports. . : .. #Ehe Cornell Athletic Association, com- posed of teptesentatives from the trustees, faculty, and.students’ athletic organizations, . was incerporated in June, 188g. A standing _ gommittee on athletics, including the faculty members of association, has also been ap- pointed from the faculty. It is hoped that the corporation cf these various interests, and -the-existence of a permanent organization may tend ta produce.a continuity in the trans- omission. of athletic methods and traditions. | S. SE rong the. generosity. of. the; friends of fea of ‘abgate: nines LaCie, situated fers) the ~ north side tof. Faili. Creek. corse, vehich hag been enclosed and graded. ay grand-stand sand cinder, track. -havé. also been provided, ‘The field, which is adanizably adapted to the purpose, contains base- ball and foot-hall and -ather out-deer sports.’ A President Clute and Professor ‘Harwood. visited the " sxperinignt, station at Grayling A short: tite’ BEO, Tt 2 Hg beety abandoned at. the end of last season, graduate with the senior class. | RTE Be: ‘edvembered that this: is. thé: ‘oni atie ofthe + ieeitiern Sfatiéns.now being. worked, the: ‘others hav . COLLEGE NEWS, Tk Keep away from the fruit, . a Will Clute is visiting frietds at Houghton. Te foundation of Cale cae is cay cot pleted, : , Professor Davis of Alma College visited here. Jone 23. . . a The Olympics entertained. their Id friends o on the evening of July r. G. H. Hicks: of the Botanical Department will ” ‘Fhe old open ditch in front of Abbot Hall ié soon to be replaced by A closet sewer. - a Mrs. Kedzie and Mrs. Landot attended the com- meéencement exetecises at Hivet College, The cormer stone of the new Botaotcal Laboratory ‘was jaid June 22, with appropriate exercises, Professor Harwood purchased «valuable Hereford calfat the recent Culbertson sale in Chicago. . Presidént Clute gaye the ba-calatireste ‘address at the Albion High school on May 29, ‘and a similar ad- dress at Tonia June 19. ; At a recent business meeting of the Young Men's (Christian Association, O. B. Hall was elected presi- .dett for the coming year. All college duties were excused on July 5, it order tha: all those desiring. to do so might celebrate the “elorious Fourth” at hooe. A very neat and convenient index of the bulleting af all American experiment stations. has beea prepared for the horticultural department. Lieutenant Edson A. Lewis, who'has. been detailed . 1 4 as Professor of Military Science at this college, arrived ma here iro Fort Clark, Texas, June 2g. Br. W. J. Beal will attend ihe meesting: of the Amer- jean Association for the Advancement of Science te he held in Rochester, N,.¥,, HeRt Atpust / The armory aid ‘alan’ the chapel .: Swill: goon be. lighted by electricity. A new engine hasbeen pro cured by the Physical Department for this purpose, . C. B. Cook, after having meunted abot. forty spect.” meus of birds and avimals from California and the Westerh Statés, has’ returned to his home if Owasso, Mr, Sariderson, the artist, recent] ¥ speni’ several days visiting friends here. He gave an-exhibition of some of his paintings inthe free-hand drawing-room. - The library will soon be heated by hot-water, The heater is to be procured from the same ficta that have the contract for heating the hortiesktaral buildings at the World's Fair. - Profussor™ “Pat ‘recently visited ‘the ex z periment: - station at South’ “Haven: He reports thé fruit crap as belong considerably’ damaged By the continued. raing ‘Ae ‘Saane the mee Herts of. He seascn.. : ee fer THE SPECULUM. ———el i tab ta The grass plats in the “delta” are in excellent con- dition aud are wel worth the careful study of aijl sta- dents. Asplencdid opportunity is here offered to those desiring to make a special study in that line. Prof, Andersen of to4 Short Street, formerly of the M.A. 1, is removing to Ozford, Ohio. The professor has accepted a position as teacher in the Oxford Univetsity.—fLassing Republican, June 2, The old system of taktog ‘notes is being rapidity done away with, In many of the sludies rhe students are now provided with type written copies of the lectures. We think the planis a good one and one chat should be Rept up. several thew books have been added to the brary ef tue Botanical Department. Among others are several valuable works on Sedges and the complete Transactions of the Linnmwan Society, copsisting of Over erty vores. Now that the hizh schools have closed, the “sum- mer students’ are arriving quite rapidiy. About fifteen are already here and more are coming taily. The advantages offered dor special work seemto be theroughiy appreciated by the teachers ef the State. While here a few weeks ago, Mrs. Davenport pre- sented the Entomological Department with over eitht tusndred species of butterflies which she col- Jected in Brazil, They are allin fine condition end af such brilliant ¢olors ag Brazil alone can furnish. The of greenkouse has been torn dowt and work commenced on the new one, which will be somewhat larger and of a more modern plan. Professor Talt eapects that the buildiog wil be completed by the end of the present term. When compleced it will have cost about $4,000. Dr, Beal is constantly receiving additions to the ¢ol- lege herbarium. He has lately received about 300 specimens of Mexican plants, collected by the great botanist, Fringle. Eight kundred specimens have alsc bees received from Forto Rico. Bits. Davenpert branght back about thirty species from Brazil. ‘The beard ef editors of the Srecoium for oext year is as follows: H. F, Paimer, editor-in-chief; 4. T, Stevens, colleme news: V. J. Willey, personais; L. H, Baker, science, W.L. Harvey, athletices RB. At. Kedate, collegesand exchanges; E. B. Hale, business manager | A. L, Wilson, assistant business manager; 3ec. H. G. Reynolds, treastrer. A ema teem preparatory departuient fas been added ta the course of instruction for the benefit of those wht are not qualified to take up the regular work af the freshman year. -It is thought that by this move the genera] standard of admission may 9¢ somewhat raised and that mush of the tronble due te the lack of careful preperation may be avoided. Ata recent meeting of the faculty i was decided that the colar of the uniforins to be worn By the cadets should hereafter be gray instead of bile as at present, Each student will-alse be obliged te provide himself with the uniform before the opening.of the second terra of Ais course. By special arrangemest the gray Enorm cat be procured at a less price than is gen- etaily paid for ordinary clathing. The students of five years age would scarcely recag- nize the coliere farm asitis to-day, so many are the changes and improvetnents which have been made, Numbers three and dive, the two fields this side of the river on the east side of the lane, have bean given over entlrely to the experimental wark ; ail ofthe fields have been cleared of stumps and the wusiehtly rail fences along the lane have been replaced by neat wire ones, In addition to this the fertility of the sojl has been consitlerably increased Dy careful management. Under the tramazement of J. N. Estabrook the mil- itary departinent has aroused from us demeralized condition 4adkis rapidly regaining ite old-time eff- clency. The boys are veiling accustomed to the new tactics, and are drilling with at: farmestuess That makes success certain, Onthe whole, wore interest iS Manifested in drifl this term than at any tise dur- ing the pasttwo years. Mr, Estabrook is Geserving of much credit for the thorough manner in which he has conducted the work of the department since the resignation of Lieutenant Crittenden, ) Frofessor Eugene Dayenport, after 4 stay of seven mouths at San Paulo, Brazil, has returned ie is ole home at Woodland, He recently spent several days jn visiting the college and in renewing old acquaint: ances bere. Onthe morning of Sunday, Tune 26, he gave avery interesting talk te the studems on “A Sunday in Brasil.’ The Prolegser stated that rua ali of the travel there is done on horseback, and that when the horses are leftstanding, even ihawgh not. hitched, they are invariably found where they were left. This, however, is the ooly thingin which man or beastin Brastl can be depended apen. The Pro fessor speaks highly ef the Bragilian ‘climiate and ‘natural acenery, but unhesitatingly says that he has rejtirned to the “fairesr land and the best institutien _ in the worl? For the next few weeks the regular Sunday worn" “ing chapel exercises will be conducted by the dif ferent members of the faculty who have traveled abroad, The manner in which the Satbath is spent in the different forcign countries wilf be the sugert of ashortialk each week. The subjects as arranged are as follows: Fune 2%, Professor Davenport, A Sam: - day in Brazil; July 20, Professor Edwards, si sunday in Paris: Juty a7, Prof. F. 3. Kedzie, A Sunday itt Berlin: July 31, Professor Woodworth, A Sunday i London: August 7, Professor Vantiervert, A Sunday in Rome, The meémbers of the faculty, students and ali college employes are Invited to aitend. We give below a campiete raster of the officers of | the corps of cadets; | Bagistion avd Sigff—Second Liest. ‘Edson A, . Lewia, th Iefantes, 0. 5. A., commaniant of cadets; ‘BBM. Redete, adjutant; HN. Thayer, sanarter ii asier; THE SPECULUM. | ae 788, ; “Pref, Harry Thurtell will pass his summer vacation at Fort Coliins, Colorado, _J. N. Estabrook: will All the: place al H, G. Rey- " nolds as Seeretary of the Colleze and Board of Agri- culture, during the tatter's staf in- Etirope. © :&. B, Cotdley, with F. W..Toumery ("So,) is explor--. ing the Grand Canon of the Colorada, . .Mary L. Harrison, Thomas Flower, Jv., (with ’39), married Wednesday, Jume 22, ‘92, Lansing, Mich, At home, #68 Fatnsworth Street, Detroit, Mich, | Wo. Palroer will teach science in the Muskegon High Schoot during the coming -year. Thos. MeGrath is witha Chicago wholesale firm. Martied, at the bride’s home in Larariniie, Wyoming, June 24, 1847, Frof. F. J. Miswander of Wvoming University and “Miss Dera Hunt, Thus is Nis’s - prowess a5 a Nimrod sustained,” .# : . oa. HL F. Haft will study during the summer at Leland "Stanford FF. University. ; . gf. -A. Hy -Kaeen is in the city engineer's office at New .. Réchells, WN. ¥. Peck Safford visiied M. A. C. July qth and sth. He reports H. DD. Waldron and C. B. Moore {with *93} - ge members of his engineering party on the LS. & os 3. road. ALCL. Sly; Miss Maggie Martin, married, June 16, ws ‘at “Vassar, Mich. Sly now bas control of a Record Speper, one-at Mic, Oscoda'Co., and tis editorials are ‘badd . po: show a decided - tendency toward .“ardit = reform.” wine gi. Mesa College. Ww ITH ‘92. University. WiTH tad. 46Goyet Ashton is in the employ of a wholesais and 3 “fetal hardware house im Toledo. AREA) Military Academy, Field: Hay, thé medals uy 108 Dinas dash ‘stand- TEL: beeee . Jump: o University ob Heidetbers,- ‘Germany. ee Bégole eal Jua. Church are students im it Chicago nat Bullock is studying medicine at the Detroit . Fésehs ball in eet. form has. keen ‘protiibited: by; the. |: oPhey. craw the. , ite ar Guiting 9 and: will perinit nbebing iicre dbREEr- ‘ ee or) “E Sfime: flaying-at cpiiéabtinnas®: Si Eee "3 ti late} raduated from te. | Bates. Fe 2 .a National, reputation. - as Be sticteed ed: Canfield Se pitebien a a. player: a ‘good at the hae Raa ioled Tee tise + lege it the fall of Vigo Li. E. “Frost lately graduated from. Cayuga Like, ai ther the team haw develaped. its: present skill.’ CATEying off, at its last the: “ clase. af, Mga? and, playa. hig first’ matched, game 3 |) fast) fali “hoagh: scoring: Saiember: ae, errors. ‘bab E “gtherwine nade a rood: Tecerd., | ‘alig eCord at a'gaud.ailirouad player: , ATHLETICS: On the first page ia shown a picture of our base. ail: team a3 it few exists, along with ik being Baseball - Manager Stowell, and Director of Sparte WwW. Clute: non This is the bist Fea which the enotlega as’ SUB 7 perted since the time of Canfield, Chase, Smith: and. Cordisy, and one of which we are justly proud, ‘Though they have played brad four matched games, as a team their three victories and the winning of the: dirat cup e¢er contested for in the Entertollegiate Athletic Association have wou to therm a ae ifnot Net only are the players victors on the Siamoad, bist for the most part they are students, winning laurels. it, the intellectual as well az the athtetic world, anit praying what cellese aulborities need mosk te hasie proved to them—ibat bhe athletic giant need by no" means be the intellectwal pistny, or ies versal As ta the history ef the players. since they became : 3 connected with tke college, we find that Catcher Wi son of Grand Rapids entered in the fal! tere. af sage: in take a course with the glass of '"y3,”" quinsieg S08 leve however dure the last year, be has ‘weld position in the team since entering, ‘and wit ‘conte to hold until the year after his leaving bas pie : when WL A.C. will lose one of her best players at : the best colleces eatcher 1 in Michigan. le have Seen from Wilson to o Rattenger en seconds! AEE . Fitcher Burnett hails from Harbor Springs, aise cae known: fa about a2 the M. A. C. students -sinice. these fait term of “87 having entered then writhi thebdhadste "gi," dropping out during last year and wil grading ee in August. ‘Became a siember ofthe team diitanrn Ee here, playing on the, bises: sath: tier sfackt of: Seow Scbaserantng at rh oF Daz Sree Sebi ao TREE me ‘Gag hal: Be ee webich he now occupies: SHS Then eae veeor eaoriisliags heen with few errors.. shou Bie beet ue they are hardest : to avoid, Agta Ps: Saree Second | ‘Basemam., Cos Fi. cRiningee giadunted the clase ‘BE "go!" aud. is aoeCtaking apt 2 course. Thoug’.a- membered: the Ball team: whe: a student here, he played Hiss Aikst. Cee panes 283 at Olivet during the Mae Hacatiog:- is at snresent:.; ee taptain, and it has Beet: froin. bis, aahergetie sated : Best Bapedian, =e cs A Ridieget Third Baseiat Die birerel -Kataniazoo ‘pelotine ae ae \ BboPt step! Hiaiinen: ‘of pivmnontt, Mich, cal ook ‘ees eopring ing ae, ‘Hig clube. of gg, and has’ made “ pee alder Bs Batemanof, Dinice, ca bi earggite, gs f a | a | i —. a. A FRLESS Hi. Be. S. AcainuntugaL Cotnece, Micu., funy 32,1892. WHOLE No, G2. ue. Ezpisieace in Brazil. Zniton Srecuiam——in response to your tequest i gisdiy offer the. following con- daneed account of my experience in endeavor ine to found an agricuiteral pallege in Brasil, Zast September, Seu hor ee Queiroz of the State af San Pasia ceme to this couniz clsiming im seprevent an amoclation of Brazilian gentlemen, who proposed te estab- sh i i Ghat tee an agricultural athool On. the seme plan. a3 iS OSS approved here i the States, viz: ig teach the eclences related te agricalinre, anil the practios with. special feferance te the introdaction aad mse of machinery. “Fo this ead they had pledges a2 substantial aid fram the general govers- Meni, is addities to fixed and liberal endow: agent From the Siste—neither af which | Seaterislieed. when an the ground. . The e plea at ane owas college Plesood ‘the Sted peor a and asshet i | the donnding. Many wary sewilleg io undertake 8. fe thal invades’ | so much yacertainty ane. 7 dines ede against suche, een RERTESS santage te bath thet esantry. sed thie an gall aa to tba calinge whore man wight do te work. rea: see ceumaee he proposition conty, Se — eee lee shonkl be modeled | ‘Elosely | abet ee Sf ont, Sern Me ae BRS 6 mig be E Minerva, fay equipped for duxiess. 2 ee understanding of all that ae ieas : eaecee follows as ‘logically “gat Be: Cate - American or English * friend. Co wines: | Ga'the conlraty all agreed thai: _ prise was Premature. Ang. ee : the ways is Bot : an slide : egait, : ravaLersMeree bt rare piu runadpara i shese conditions will, Teiings as clear the. ‘isipossibility, such an ‘enterprise ; ih that SoBBiry: : Gebilvy | WRs evinced.ft fran OFS = ne the Bret; “The ‘Governmeat: Vere Ip: “whic ‘bad (een: Poorest | a Read ‘Gxed, 5 Had OH courge ig ntedici the stideess: or ‘Failure of an untried enterprise is largely & matter of hazard and epinion 5 bul if the few search: ing questions that.} put had been “intel. gentiy and trathdully daswered, t ‘could hare foretold in New York what T saw immediately on arriving, and’ confirmed every day of my stay, viz. that auch Ba institution is. impossible | to found wader. wy # vuchtt wad | present ‘comes H0n8 5 and, moreover, hes ‘ have ne support even if it could be Set! deve 5 fram here. and .appear among then mere ad we A Astsh iy np tips ve PS ABE ee acquire a full. ands Conip ae Barty SAS ay : ea ee ; PS peat a ed as TE wR oF, Be ie, ininly as effect. ever, bliows cansey, ail a ot Pe. 2 ori : enh ae ard expressed the Jeast surprise at. the: ‘eplcome. wee as, 1 aa eer oe rea ae = ot oo ree voleiy ar ere ren he ey ey woe “at ree "However, _ an. guudeaton OE Ss ae aah ans Tot uae PY oy et pts sminte nie “ let ee ne ee se Phe” nafionzl trait GE: Rokieness aS a peed titled aipoatae. eeulauve enactiiert. 7 oe s asociation -SdvbHie or nothing, dnd - bandas oF Tabor fad’ “expense seemed 2 os Hace * Be. ee 2 “And it® raduilly . UENe