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I 

THE  COLLEGE  S PECULUM. 

VoL.  II.-No.  4. 

LANSING,  MICH.,  JUI E  1,  1883. 

WHOLE  No.  8. 

" Co-education  at  Lansing"···Pro  and  Con. 
As  tliscnssed  at  the  "Wolf Orick  Debating  School." 

IlY  HERBERT  W.  OOLLlNGWOOD,  DELTA  TAU  DEL'l'A. 

The  battered  old  school-house  was  crowded;  along  the  roug'h 

The  good district fathers wore seated, gray-headed and wrinkled 

On  three  battered  chairs  by the  table,  the wise  district school 

seats at the side, 

and dried . 

board were placed, 

nance  traced. 

The  pride  at  their  honored  position  in  each  wrinkled  counte 

The great stove was crowded with  fuel,  and  right  in  the  circle 

of  heat 

The la te  comers stood with reel  faces,  attempting to warm  their 

There were girls wilh great fluttering ribbons,  and good honest 

cold feet. 

sizcd  hands and feet, 

id ea;" 

prol'ound, 

ing  around; 

their  ~ins, 

their pains; 

bring, 

praises to  sing. 

the crowd, 

praises aloud. 

And  eke  out  their  rarified  purses  by  "shooting  tho  youthful 

Who  drop  all  their  sly  college  antics,  and  put  on a  look most 

And  lay clown  the law with much vigor  and learning while board 

Who  count  the  hours  lang uidly  passing,  and  joyously  foot  up 

And feel  that  the world's  education  has  surely been  holped  by 

Who shine at  the  countrified  "social," and  such  a  rare  gravity 

Their  little  world  calls  them  "professor,"  and  hastens  their 

The school-master rose by the platform,  and  gravely glanced at 

The  jealous  young  men  and  the  maidens  who  murmured  his 

No  fear of his failing to thrill them;  his logic and  eloquence rare 
Had  oft,  on  the great college forum,  pulled victory through by 

Who looked  not the  least disconcerted  altho'  they sat  four  in  a 

So  now  as  he  rose  to  address them,  with argument oft studied 

seat. 

shirt. 

chair, 

sedate, 

thin, 

There were bashful  young  men "·ho  stood watching-the  girls, 

The people all felt  that  the  question would  surely  be  parcel  to 

all too  ready to flirt, 

Resplendent  in  bright  paper  collar  pinned  onto  a  blne flannel 

With  plausible,  deep  syllogism,  tho  school-master  labored  to 

Behind the rude desk on  the  platform  the  president  sat  in  his 

That woman's life  ought  to  be  broadened  and  raised  from  the 

The top of  his bald  head arising high out  of  a  thicket  of  hair. 
Ho gazed on the people before  him with  countenance  calm  and 

The man of  all  men  in lhe district to judge o'er a  heated  debate. 
At  last, from  a  seat  in  the  corner,  arose  a  man wrinkled  and 

commonplace groove. 

The  wondrous  unfoldings  of  science  he  hurriedly  passed  in 

If man was t~  share  the  ad vantage,  then woman  should  share 

And  he, wondrous thinker, had noticed how surely the masculine 

Who spake,  "Mr.  Cheerman,  I  move  ye,  that  these  here  pro 

By  contact  "·ith  feminine  fancies,  is  always  improved  and 

ceeclin's begin." 

hi;;  hand, 

and loud, 

at the crowd : 

in'  an' so 

The president rose on the platform at this very gent.lo command, 
And  quick called  the meeting to order  by striking the desk with 

And  then with  his  nose  for  a  trumpet,  he  blew a  blast  solemn 

Thon up  on  his head pushed his  glasses,  and looked under them 

"  My friends, ye hev come here this evenin' to hear some debat 

I  won't t~ke no  time in speech-making, but  jest to  the very pint 

The  ouestion afore us this evenin' is one  thet won't  let  us  keep 

go. 

- cool; 

It's  co-education  at  L ansing-shall  wimmin  folks  go  there  to 

school? 

Tho fust  man kin  speak  for  the  measure,  give  all  the  idees  he 

kin  pack, 

An'  then let the next speak  agin  it,  so  both  sides can hev a fair 

An'  when  we g it through with the  spoakin',  why them what's no 

Kin hold  up  their hands to  be  counted,  an'  then we'll see how it 

hack. 

longer  in  doubt 

comes out. 

Now fust I  will  call  on  the teacher,  an' let him present his idees ; 
H e  goes  up  to  Lansing  for  schoolin',  an' now let  him  tell what 

The  college  was "·orking  for  farmers,  to  broaden  and  sweeten 

And why  should it not,  in  all reason,  work equally hard for  their 

"Shall  woman  not  grasp  for  more  knowledge?"  the  orator 

To  which  very  startling  conundrum  the  audience 

solemnly 

And round went tho gratifieCil  whisper,  ''The teacher is  smart as 

The tong1:e of  the man thet  kin beat him  hez gut to  run  faster 

And  such  was  the  weight  of  his  logic  that  after  he  sat in  his 

• 

The negative speaJrnrs seemed  silenced,  for  nobody  spoke for  a 

At last,  from his seat on  the wood-pile,  a  little  man  rose wilh  a 

That spread from  one ear to the other,  and covered  his face like 

Around his thin  face in confusion  his  gray hair  stood  out  like  a 

His  mouth  seemed  the door of  a  cavern,  his  voice  lik e a  rusty 

He stood for a  moment before them,  and  then  pushing  back his 

he secs. 

ye  will  see 

a  grin, 

to  be 0 'in-

his air, 

clear, 

Unless they's a  big  change  in  teachers  sence  I  went  1.o  school, 

And rubbing his rough hands together, addressed his remarks to 

Thet he'll stand by co-education as olost as the  bark  to  a  tree." 
Then down  on his chair by the  platform, the  president  sat with 

And up from  his  place  just  below him,  the  school-master  rose 

A sophomoi"e-fresh from  the  college- a  senior  he seemed from 

talkin'  about, 

With over his  upper lip growing the faintest suspicion  of ·hair. 
A student he was of  the many who  strive  Wisdom's  pathway to 

''I don't s'pose I'm much of  a  speaker ;  I  'low  when  I  come  to 

I  act like a  hopp:;- go limpy,  an' allers git started too late ; 
But 'taint only  them  what's  gllt  larnin'  ez  kno,¥s  what  they're 

An'  ez for  this co -eddycation,  I  'low I  hev figured  it out. 
Jest count mo  as dead set agin it;  I  'low  I  kin prove it to  yoll, 
Thet  co.eddycatin'  tho  wimmin  would  be  the  wust  thing  ye 

could  do. 

the hair. 

o'er, 

its core. 

prove 

review· 

with him too. 

mind, 

refined. 

their Jives ? 

wives. 

shouted aloud, 

bowed, 

a  trap; 

than  sap." 

place, 

space. 

scowl, 

a  cowl. 

fringe, 

old  hinge. 

stiff  hair, 

the chail': 

debate, 

2 

THE  COL L EGE  SPECULUM. 

'co.' 

hez scd, 

their hcad-

than grease 

tor show 

the row. 

I  can't talk it off  like the teacher,  but still I  shall argcr  to  show 
Thet  larnin'  the  boys  is  all  nonsense, without  throwin' in  any 

· 

Now  pick up the pints of  thP,  question,  an' see what  the teacher 

The  fue;t  is  that wimmin  needs larnin'-more  nonsense put into 

Thc  next  pint is  this:  thet  the college kin fill  the  notch slicker 

By goin' to co-edclycatin'-can give all the larnin' ye please. 
Now  pint  number  one  is all  nonsense;  I'm  speaker  enough fer 

Thet wimmin don't need  no more larnin'  to keep up  their end of 

It don 't take no great site of larniu',  as nigh as I  figgcr it out, 
To git up a good  meal of vittles an' keep the work  jumpin' abont. 
Ye  might  talk  big  words  by  the  cartload,  and  hev  some  long 

name fer each flower, 

But soch  Jamin'  won 't cook  no dinner,  ner wash up three dishes 

Ye  might koow what butterflies lives on,  or grasshoppers comes 

But beetles  ain't ketchcd while  ycr churuin',  nor  chased  'round 

Ye  can't make pork taste a  mite  better by telling what comes in 

An '  knowin'  what  suooar  is  made  of  won't  ever  improYe  it  fer 

an  hour. 

to  I  'sposc, 

a  wash tub o'  clocs. 

• 

The wimmin  don't need eddycatin'-their grandmothers,  taken it 

Done tbrcc times the work with less larnin',  an' done  it in  better 

An'  as fer  their  lives gittin' broadened,  it's all well enough.  but I 

They miaht  git  so  broad  that  no farmer could  live in th e  same 

I've  seen  these  here  talented  wimmin,  an'  hecrcd  'em tell off 

They claim  that the men folks  should eat less so wimmin kin set 

· 

Be we to be scrimped  on our vittles,  an' go without pucldin's an' 

So wirumin  kin  have  their  lives  broadened?  ef  so,  I  should  like 

But  s'pose'n'  they did  need  the larnin',  I'll argcr right 011  fer  to 

'l.'hat this Agricultu ral  Colleooc  ain't no  place fe1·  wirnmin  ter go. 
We've paid out our taxes like water;  we farmers hev kep it alive, 
An'  now ihem  big-salaried  perfessors  jest sot  there  lU{e  drones 

You send a boy there,  an'  no  matter how well he may know how 

its make, 

ca J;:e. 

right through, 

shape too; 

say 

house  a  day. 

th  ir iclccs, 

at their case. 

pie, 

to know  why. 

~how 

'round a  hive. 

to work, 

one shirk. 

Afore  he  gits  done  with  theru  fellers  he'll  come  out  a  number 

Now  I  ain't in  favor of  reskin'  my gals at no  place of that kind; 
I  don't wanter double my taxes so they kin improYe some  man's 

Then down  sat  the eloquent speaker,  and  then came a  dignified 

In which  all  the  good  district  fathers gave t oken  of  hearty ap 

mind . " 

pau se, 

plause; 

hea« 

deck, 

reform 

sway; 

away. 

For who could  not  see  the  grave  danger which  ihrealened  the 

• 

By dint  or  much co-education,  the  women  sho uld  know  more 

whole nation  when, 

than men . 

pathies  start, 

And  wh en  there's  a  question of  money,  to  make  a  man's sym 

A  blow dril·en  well  at  his  pocket  is  worth  twenty-five  at  his 

And  so wl~~n the question was voted,  the negatives all  were 011 

And co-education at Lansing received a  most palpable check. 

The world  has  its  full  share  of  thinkers  as  far  in  the  rear  of 

As  was  the  brave" Wolf  Urick"  debater,  who  took  the  whole 

"decstrict" by storm . 

But  ignorance  cannot  rule  always,  intelligence  yet  will  hold 

And like some rude, barbarous relic, such speakers will be swept 

And through the fair portals of  knowledge,  with  dignity, sweet 

I n  spite  of  ihe  "'iVolf  Crick" decision,  shall  woman  march  up 

And  with  her life narrowed no  longer,  but  broadened and raised 

Wilh cheerfulness,  patience,  and  loving,  shall  rule  like  a  queen 

nes  , and grace, 

from her place. 

and  refined, 

o'er mankind . 

A  Sketch  of Rome. 

IlY  W.  BRU MFIELD,  PllI  DELTA  TIIETA . 

. 

The  rise  and  decline  of  power  has  been  repeated 
in  every  historical  epoch,  and  seems  the  immutable 
law  of  national  destiny.  The  career  of  every  past 
nation  has  been  to  complete  a  definite  round  of 
action,  to  continue  the  line  of  social  development, 
and  at  last, when  the  spirit  which  has  created  and 
developed it  has  been  sub>erted  by imperfection,  to 
be  swept  from  existence  by  the  ruthless  hand  of 
Natme, that  there  might  be  place  for  a  fairer  form 
of  civilization  and  a  nobler  type  of  man . 

The  fact  merely  of  the  rise  and  fall  of  Home, 
then, is  not  that  of  an  exceptional  phenomenon  in 
history;  but,  as  a  factor  in  the evolution  of  society, 
that nation  holds  a  vital  place, for  its closing period 
witnessed  the  death  of  one  civilization  which  had 
existed  from  the  indefinite  past,  and  the  birth  of 
another  whose  destiny  lies  in  the  infinite  future. 
The  social  forces  which  were  thete  developed  were 
such  as  characterized  no  other  nation  of  antiquity. 
There  was  a  stern  virtue  and  a  just  government 
that  placed  Rome  at  the  very  beginning  on  the 
plane  of  the  nations  of  that  age.  There was  a  mil 
itary power  that  swept .before  it  alike  the  the  num 
berless  hosts  of  savages  ·and  the  serried  ranks  of 
the  Iacedonian  phalanx.  TLese  attributes  formed 
the foundation  of  the mightiest of  states, an cl  wrought 
the  most  stupendous  national  results.  From  its 
origin  the  progress  of  Home  was  in  an  unswerving 
line,  gathering power  as  it  moved.  Victory followed 
victory.  Kingdoms  and  empires  were  successirnly 
overcome,  and  the  spoils  of  a  hundred  nations were 
displayed  in  triumph  on  the  streets of  Home.  Leg 
i  lative  and  military  powers  arrived  at  their  per 
fection.  Ancient  man  bad  reached  his  consumma 
tion. 

But  at  this  period  the  forces  which  bad  been 
gradually  unfolding  for  ages  died  out.  A  restless, 
invincible  spirit  of  conquest was  the  soul  of  Rome; 
but  conquest was  now  no longer  a  motive  to  action, 
for  the  passion  for  supremacy bad aheady e:s:tenclecl 
the  dominion  of  Rome  over  the  fairest  portion  of 
the  civilized  world.  Beyond  the  extreme  eastern 
margin  were  only  straggling  tribes  of  savages;  the 
I  oman  spear  had  penetrated  to  the  banen  climes 
of  the  far  North,  and  to  the west  and  south lay the 
untraversable tract of  ocean and the  burning  deserts 
of  Africa.  Over  this vast  domain,  at  the  beginning 
of  the most memorable of  eras,  brooded  an  ominous 
silence.  But at  length  the  forces  of  dissension  and 
civil  strife,  which  bad  hitherto  been  held  in  check 
by  a  sense  of  patriotism  or  the  fiercer  passions  of 
the  conquering  nation,  now  gradually  began  their 
destructive  workings. 

Within  the walls  of  the  capital were  the  elements 
of  weakness.  The  struggles  which  had  brought 
nations  into  subjection  and  filled  Italy  with  slaves 
were not  terminated  by the  act  of  conquest,  but  the 
infliction  of  oppression  reacted  in  revolts  and  wars 
that  sapped  the  life  of  the  nation .  The  civil  wars 
preceding and  following  the  accession  of  Cresar,  the 
conspired murder of  that great dictator, the weakness 
and irresolution of  the  senate,  and the nameless  fear 
pervading all ·classes,  were  indications of  the drifting 
of  Rome. 

!'he reign  of  Augustus seemed the  only aversion  of 
rum;  but a  selfish  ambition could  but  produce  a  de 
ceptive show of power, an clan empire that was brought 
into  being  by  weakness  and  fostered  by  dissension 
was  but another phase of  the  impending destruction. 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM . 

3 

The  soldier,  corrupted  by  indolence  and  plunder,  in 
his pas  ionate outbreaks eYen turned his arms against 
his  natiYe  city.  The  tyrannical  or  imbecile succes 
sors  to  the  imperial  throne  were  the  leaclers  or 
th e  instruments  of  the  contending  factions,  and  the 
power  of  senate,  consul,  and  citizen  was  reduced  to 
formal  display. 

'I he  final  and  perhaps  the  most  potent  of  these 
destructiYe  agencies was  the  great  revolution  in  the 
national religion .  The unbroken influence of  pagnn 
i  m,  the pride  and  dignity that  upheld  it,  would  not 
tolerate a religion however pure, a philo  ophy however 
divine,  wbose  disciples  contemplated  their  hallowed 
oracles with  scorn .  The  encroachments  of  the  new 
religion upon the old,  the  fanaticism  of  its followers, 
and  the  envy  of  the  pag:m  priests  brought  forth 
inquisition and per  ecution which usurped reason and 
followed  the  dictates  of.  the  wildest  fancy  and  the 
most unrestrained cruelty. 

Tlrn  fall  of  the Western empire  and the destruction 
of  Constantinople,  the  successful  invasions  of  bar 
barian s, the dissolution of  all power, and the ultimate 
plunge of  Rome  into  the  darkness  of  political  min, 
complete  the  grandest  of  historical  cycles . 
fore 
than  the  hi  tory  of  the  life  and  death  of  a  nation, 
that  of  Rome  is  a  manifestation  of  the  power  that 
with  an  iron  hand  gathered  together  the  struggling 
forces  of  civilization and bore the  torch  of  life  from 
the  ancient  to  the  modern  world,  that  enlightened 
mankind might  continue in a  stronger  and more per 
fect  form . 

The monuments of the pomp and heraldry of Roman 
power  are  gone,  and  a  pigmy  race  now  tread  the 
streets  of  that  once  proud  capital;  but the  memory 
of  the might and magnificence  of  her  perfection  will 
ever be revived,  and the expiring glory of  the sinking 
nation and the fallen  empire will  live with  perennial 
brightness in the history of man while  her ruins haYe 
crumbled to  ashes  and  the  forces  of  time  have  le\· 
elled  her seYen  hills in dust. 

Abuses  in  Biography . 

BY  E .  P .  CLARK,  ECLECTIC  SOCIETY. 

The  term  "illusions of  history"  has become  quite 
a  common  one.  People  speak  of  certain  histories 
as  being  authentic  or  unauthentic,  and  so  it  is  a 
generally  accepted  fact  that  a  considerable  portion 
of  onr  historical  writings  are  linreliable.  It is  said 
that  "  many of  tlrn  most  striking  incedents  of · his 
tory,-scenes  and  events  which  artists  have  been 
fond  of  depicting  and  orators  of  citing,-are  pure 
fiction.  The  historian  is  led  by  various  influences 
to  penert  the  trut\1  of  his  writings,  if  not  by  pos 
itively false statements, by suppression, exaggeration, 
and  distortion  of  fact. 
l\luch  of  this  has  its  origin 
in  the  desire  to  be  brilliant,  to  please  rather  than 
instruct. 

But  nowhere  in  literature,  probably,  do  we  find 
greater  abuses  than  in  biography,  and  nowhere  are 
they  more  keenly  felt than in this  department.  For 
the  most  part  the  influences  which  enter  in  to pre 
vert  the  truth  of  history  al  o  have  their  influence 
in  biography. 

l\lany  of  our  biographies  of  to-day  were  written 
either  by  some  member  of  the  subject's  family,  or 
their per  onal friends.  From  the very nature of  tbi 
fact  we  are  often  unable  to obtain an impartial and 
conect  portrayal  of  life  •and  character.  Facts  are 
modified  to  suit  supposed  sensibilities  in  descend-

ants,  or  to  otherwise  magnify  or  save  the  reputa 
tion of  the subject. 
'l'he  biographer will  be  likely to 
overlook  bi  subject's  faults,  and  in  many  cases  be 
guilty  of  untrue  and  highly  colored representations. 
The  life  of  Lord.  l\lacaulay,  as written by his nephew, 
giYes  the  great  historian  a  character entirely  differ 
ent  from  that  he  was  known  to  possess,  by  those 
who  were  best  situated  to  know  and  ob  erve  him. 
Boswell's  life  of  Johnson,  though  probably  the  best 
biography  in  the  English  ,language,  is  far  from 
being  impartial. 

We  are  often  led  in  our  estimation  of  character, 
by  the  manner  in  which  that  cha1:acter  affects  our 
own  interests  and  pas  ions. 
If we  derive  pleasure 
or  instruction  from  the  writings  or  labors  of  a  per 
son,  we  are  generally  ready  to  overlook  his  fa,ults 
It is  hard  to  judge  of  the 
or  explain  them  away. 
life  and  character of  those  noble  minds,  who  sacri 
ficed  self  for  principle  and  right,  of  those  whose 
genius  haYe  left works  which will continue to  delight 
and  instruct  mankind  for  ages  to  come,  except  in 
the  most  favorable  light.  This  is  an  illusion  to 
which  the  whole human  race  is  subject,  and  which 
can  only  be  partially  r emoved. 
'fhus  the  biog 
rapher,  in  his  admiration  for  the  geni us  of  his 
idol,  will  overlook  his  imperfections  or  seek  some 
excuse  for  them  in  the  history  or  times  in  which 
his  subject  li\·ed . 
It is  thus  that  decisive  proofs 
regarding  his  subject's  character  are  r ejected.  The 
history,  state  of  parties  and character  of  other pub 
lic  men  of  a  country  are  misrepresented,  in  order 
that  some  person may have  a  fairer  character  than 
he  desenes,  and  it  is  certain  that  many  of  the 
world's  great  men  do  not  deserve  the  respect  ancl 
affection  with  which  they  are regarded.  All  admire 
the  genius  of  Lord  Bacon  and  appreciate  the  great 
vrnrk  he  did  for  mankind,  but  the  mean  spirit  and 
selfish motives,  which  marked  his  whole  career,  we 
cannot  admire,  much  less  pardon.  Yet  Bacon's 
biographer  credits  him  with  a  strict  moral  char 
acter,  a  person  who  through  his  whole  public  life 
was  actuated  by  the  most  un selfish  and  patriotic 
motives. 

By the processes  of  deception which the biographer 
practices,  it  would  involve  little  difficulty  to  make 
a  saint  out  of  the greatest  scoundrel,  or  brand with 
infamy the noblest  character.  Under the biographer's 
apoleon  has  been  made  to  appear  as  a  great 
pen 
philanthropist, who  "immolated  self  on  the  altar of 
humanity."  Cromwell  has  been  represented  as  a 
ferocious  monster,  who  sought  power  for  the  most 
selfish  ends.  Some  of  the  most  infamous  kings  of 
England  ha\e  seemingly  lost  both  their  physical 
and  moral  imperfections. 
l\lany  examples  could  be 
given,  showing  the  great  extent  to  which  the  biog 
rapher  allows  his  prejudicies  to  prevert  his  judg 
ment.  Thus  not  only  giving  false  ideas  of  history 
but  false  ideas  of  life  and  character. 

We  should not be  slow  in demonstrations  of  grat  
itude  to  those master minds who  have done  so  much 
to  advance  civilization  and  enlighten  the  world. 
We  owe  them  an  incalculable  debt,  but  why  not 
present  tbem  to  the  worltl  in  their  true  character, 
as  they  ii"Ved  and acted?  When  a  person's  life  be 
comes  public  there is  a  public  interest  in  him which 
has  its  rights  no  less  than  private  affections,  and 
public  morality  demands  that  the  truth  about  him 
should  be  known. 
"\\ e  do  not  wish  to  have  heroes 
and  saints  under  false  colors  and  ·pretenses.  The 
great  element  which  the  people 
houkl  seek  in 
science,  hi  tory,  biography,  and  all  literature  i 
trnth,  whatever  havoc  it  might  make  with  fondly 
"One  good  genuine  biography 
cherished  illusions. 

4 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

will  give  of  the  period  which  it  covers,  more  r eal 
insight  into  the  history  of  a  nation  than  any  so 
. called  history,  pleasantly  and  of  its  own  accord." 
It will  afford  not so  much  a  knowledge  of  the  pomp 
of  courts, the intrigues of favorites,. and t~e fre.aks  an.cl 
squabbles of foppish  statesmen, with 1rh1ch  history is 
too  much  occupied,  as  the  true  knowledge  of  men; 
what  they  did,  suffered,  ::mcl  enjoyed; the  true char 
acter  of  the  times  and  their  influence  on men,  and 
their  surroundings;  thus  bringing  to  us  tr~ly val 
uable  knowledge,  because  it  is  true  and  will  haYe 
on men that influence  which  true example can exert. 
When the biographer comes to  see  the  real purport 
of  biography;  the  influence  which  exa,mple  truth 
fully  represented  will  have  on  civilization;  when he 
can  lay aside his prejudices  in his  desire  to  advance 
the  cause  of  truth,  biography  will  take  a  higher 
and  more  worthy place in the literature  of  the world, 
and  be  more  deserving  of  the name  of  "  philosophy 
teaching  by  example." 

---------

Th eory  and  Practice  in  Life . 

• 

BY  CHARLES  L.  GRIMES,  UNION  LITERARY  SOCIETY. 

Pope says,  "The proper study of  mankind is man ." 
This appears to  be  the  richest,  the grandest fi  ld for 
thought  and  study  a  student  can  choose .  Human 
nature  is  a  conundrum,  and  from  beginning to  encl, 
man's  life  is  a  contradiction.  1\Ian  is  the  highest, 
the noblest,  the most  intelligent  type  of  all animals, 
yet  the  most  inconsistent;  consistent  in  theory,  in 
consistent in practice . 

'l'he  true  man  is  not  the  inclividual as we  see  him 
clothed in his established theories,  but as we recognize 
him while engaged  in  the  practical, every clay  duties 
of life . 

1\len  love  to  boast  of  their  theories,  the  result  of 
years of careful  study. 
'l'hey  love  to investigate  the 
Yarious  phenomena,  the  deepest  mystei-ies  of  nature, 
and  upon  these  investigations  establish  theories,  by 
which we may study the unchangeable laws of science . 
The  theorist's  ambition  v;·ill  be  gratifiecl  when  the 
eYolutionist  shall  diswrnr  the  few  mis  ing links  by 
which he may complete the chain of  bis theory,  so  he 
can go  forth into the forests and claim kindred with the 
\\'ilcl,  ferocious  beasts,  without  danger  of  offending 
the  innocent creatures. 

Every  clay's  experience  teaches  and  convinces  us 
that  though  men  continue  to  spend years,  and their 
liYes,  in  establishing  and  demonstrating  theories, 
which  if  followed  would  create more peaceable rela 
tions between  nation  and  nation,  between  man  and 
man,  and make  life  purer,  brighter,  better,  and hap 
pier,  the  world  of  prac-tical  men  will  still  mo\e  on 
unheeding,  and  even  contrary  to  the  simplest  and 
plainest of  theories. 

Some of  the grandest  republics  the  world has ever 
lmown,  haYe  lived,  fiourished,  and  died.  Only  in 
history is there eyen  a  mark by means of  which we can 
discover where the once proud Republics of Greece and 
Rome  existed.  The  governments  of  those  republics 
were  founded  on the most  perfect theories the wisest 
men could  devise,  yet  the  people, like  the people  of 
to-day,  were  but  human,  and  human  nature,  weak, 
erring human nature will  pursue its own  course,  irre 
spective of  theory,  duty,  or consequence. 

'f o-clay,  we  are  following  in  the  footsteps  of  our 
ancestors,  not regarding what we  know  to  be  the best 
interests of  the government,  society,  and  the individ 
ual, we  allow the weakness  of  our natures to  direct us 

in the march that is  hurrying us onward to  repeat the 
sad story of  Greece  and Rome. 

Less  than  a  hundred  years  ago  our  government 
was established  that  the  people  might  secure  those 
inalienable rights,  "life, liberty,  and  the  pursuit of 
happiness," instituted by  men  who  had  suffered  all 
the  wrongs  and injuries a  tyrant could inflict, by men 
who  were  familiar  with  the necessities of  the people. 
This precious  boon of  our forefathers  was in trusted to 
the people, who  realized that this was the best form of 
government,  and  that  upon its preservation and pro 
tection must depend the future welfare of  our country. 
Slowly but surely the  people  saw  the  "  ship of  state" 
drift  into  the  possession  of  men  whose  characters 
plainly indicated that its  purity and sacrednes·s must 
be  corrupted if  not destroyed . 

· 

Theoretically we have the best government on earth 
to-clay;  practically  and  truly  our  government  is  a 
mass  of  confusion  and  corruption,  positively  repul 
sive to  one who  considers  the  purposes  for  which  it 
was  instituted. 

Political parties, however  pure  their motives,  how 
ever  correct  their  theories,  cannot  save  a  country 
from  its  ultimate  end,-destruction.  We  are  told 
that, from  the fall  of  our  first  parents in the Garden 
of  Eden, the human  r ace  has  been  depraved .  Man 
has  ever  and  will  ever  pursue  the  course which his 
depra,ed  nature  dictates;  and  history  teaches  us 
that this  course  has  ever  been  contrary to the theo 
ries upon which governments  are founded . 

· 

From earliest childhood we  have all  been taught to 
believe  that  character,  those  qualities  of  mind  and 
heart \\'hich  characterize  the  individual,  alone make 
the man. 
In theory this is true ;  in practice it is true 
only to  a  limited  extent ;  for  if  we  study  the  course 
of  men,  as  we  see  them  engaged  in  the  practical 
affairs  of  daily  life,  we  shall  observe  unmistakable 
signs that,  to  a  great  degree,  men  estimate  their fel 
low  men,  not  by  character, not  by principles,  but  by 
outward appearances. 

One  of  the  most  highly respected  students of  this 
College  struck the practical key-note when, as several 
students were  discussing  the  merits  of  a  fellow  stu 
dent  whose  reputation  and  character  are  abo\"e 
reproach,  whose position  as a  student  in  his  class  is 
an  enviable  one,-he  said,  "Gentlemen, his  appear 
ances give him away."  This  example illustrates  the 
practice which  characterizes  every  clay  life,  directly 
in opposition to an established theory.  This principle 
is  exemplified  by  the  practice  of  the various literary 
societies  of  our  colleges  in  selecting  their members. 
A student with the exterior polish and manners of  an 
Oscar Wilde would  be  made  eligible  to  every society 
at the first possible opportunity, "·bile a second Daniel 
Webster might not even  attract a  passing notice. 

In general society and iu politics tho same principle 
is  true.  A  man's  position  in  society may be  deter  
mined  by  bis  appearances;  for  it  is  through  this 
medium,  and not through his persopal qualities,  that 
he is enabled  to gain the position he  occupies. 

'fhe  best  men,  the  best  qualified  men  never  have  \ 

been  elected  to  fill  the  highest  offices  in  the  gift of 
our  government,  because  such  men would  use  their 
ability  in  the  interest  of  the  government  and  the 
whole  country,  and  not  to  gratify party and  individ 
ual  interests,  as  the  people  demand.  The positions 
of  trust  and  honor  are,  to  a  great  extent,  given  to 
men with  little or no regard to  qualification and char 
acter,  thereby contributing  to  the  country,  year after 
year,  a  bountiful  harvest  of  gamblers,  swindlers, 
• 
forgers,  and  defaulters . 
A majority of  students enter college  to  acquire  an 
education,  to  qualify themselves to  fulfill  the require-

"' 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM . 

5 

ments of  actual  life.  The  average  student would  be 
perfectly happy if  he could  but deYote  his  entire time 
to  ball-playing,  whist,  or  theater-going.  The  best 
student is  he who  can  devote  the  least  attention  to 
study,  and still avoid  the necessity of  extra examina 
tions;  he who  can most successfully evade the duties 
connected with college life. 

In  eYery  stage  of  life  we  recognize  the  fact  that 

the practice of  men does  not accord with  their teach 
ing,  their  theories.  Theory  a,nd  practice,  instead  of 
being related,  are  opposite  terms.  The former  temls 
to elevate man,  to  make life  brighter and better;  the 
latter tends to  draw him  down  to a  lower level in the 
scale  of  life. 

The  Problem  oi the  Sands. 

Every country  has its  problems to  \\Ork  out.  The 
climate, soil, means of transportation, and the market, 
each  contribute  a  factor  to  the  problem  of  success . 
In  our own  state the  question  that  met  us  at  eyery 
step  was  what  to  do  with  our  swamps  and  marshy 
lands.  By  drainage,  and  the  selection  of  the  right 
kinds  of  grasses,  the intelligent farmer  has answered 
this  question,  by  showing  that  such  lands  were  es 
pecially  fitted  for  bay  and  pasture,  and  that  these 
despised marshes were often more profitable than the 
uplands formerly  so  much in demand. 

The  most  important  agricultural  problem  for  our 
state at the  present time is what to  do  with om light, 
sandy soils .  Shall  they  be given  over to  barrenness 
and  desolation,  or  shall  they  be  brought  under  suc 
cessful  culti\·ation? 

'l'he question  of  the agricultmal capabilities of  our 
light,  sandy soils is  an important  one in  determining 
the  future  history  of  large  portions  of  the  northern 
in our  peninsula.  The  following  questions 
countie 
have  been  raised  and  earnestly  discussed. 
""What 
shall we  apply to  these soil  so  that we  may  produce 
good  and  imying  crops  of  wheat,  oats,  corn,  and 
grass?  What  shall' we  use  for  manure for  these  un 
promising  plains?  The 
labor  and  material  for 
manuring  a  section,  much  more  a  township  or  a 
county,  are  not  trifles . 
Indeed,  when  one sits  clown 
to  count the  cost,  the expense is  astounding. 

In discussing this  que  tion,  we  seem to  ha-re  taken 
it for  granted that successful  cultivation of  these soils 
necessarily  implies  that  they must  be  made  to  pro 
du ce  the same crops that other soils  are now  produc 
ing,  that  no  satisfactory  solution  of  the  agricultural 
problem  is reached  till we  show  how  Lake and  Ros 
common  can  produce  paying  crops  of  wheat  and 
clover,  the  same  as  Branch  and  Hillsdale .  May  it 
not be that we  ha Ye  been looking for salvation for  the 
sands in  the wrong  direction?  It seems  to  me  that 
we  ought  first  to  ask:  What  crops  are  adapted  to 
these  sands  in  their  present  condition,  and  without 
the  use  of  general  manures?  If we  can  find  crops 
which will  giYe  remunerative r eturns from  these Yery 
light sands in  their  present  condition,  we  may intro 
duce  such  changes by rotation of  crops  as will  enable 
us to  bring in other crop  which we  cannot  now raise 
with  any  hope  of  proiit.  Any  sugge. tion  in  this 
direction  de ·enes 
the  careful  consideration  of 
thoughtful citizens. 

SORGHU!I[  FOR  SANDS . 

I  wish  to  call  the  attention  of  farmei:s  on  light, 
sandy soils, to the amber  ~me, or sorghum, as a plant 
full  of  promi  e  in  this  direction .  It is  a  plant  that 

grows  well  on soils too light to  produce a good  or pay 
ing crop  of  corn,  will  withstand  the effect  of  summer 
drought far  better than corn,  so  that it will grow  and 
ripen in  circumstances  where  corn will  burn up,  and 
its  value  as a  source  of  syrups  and  sugar,  and  as  a 
forage  crop,  is  only  beginning  to  be  appreciated. 
While sorghum will make a large and Yigorous growth 
on  h  avy  soil  ,  and  those  containing abundance  of 
organic matter, the value of  the sugar  products from 
such soils is less  than on  sandy soils which  are  defi 
cient  in  yegetable  matter.  The  syrup  made  from 
amber  cane  raised  on  such  light  soils  is  lighter  in 
color and  superior in  flavor  to that  made  from  cane 
raised on rich  soils.  The roots of  the cane penetrate 
deeply in sandy soils,  and it is  thus able to withstand 
dry weather in summer much  better than corn . 

SORGHUM  FOR  SOILING . 

As  a  forage  crop it  is  of  great  promise,  becau. e it 
is Yery  nutritious  and  is  eagerly  consumed  by stock 
of  all kinds.  It is found  by some who  have tried sor 
ghum for  fatt  ning beef  cattle  that  it  has wonderful 
fattening properties,  and that the  quality of  the  beef 
is very superior.  The sorghum must be fed cautiously 
at  fir  t  until  cattle  become  used  to  it,  on  account 
of  clanger  of  their  eating  too  freely  of  the  material, 
causing  scourin g, etc .  The  seeds  of  cane  are  equal 
in value,  pound for pound, to  oats or corn . 

The plant being so  well  adapted to  sandy soils,  and 
of  so  much  value  in  itself,  it  r  mains  to  be  deter 
mined  whether it can  be successfully raised  on  light 
sands,  and  especially on  "the plains ." 
I  do  not ask 
anyone to make a large outlay to determine this ques 
tion,  but  ask  as  many  as  will  to  raise  one  or two 
square  rods  of  sorghum,  on  various  kinds  of  sandy 
soil and especially very light  sands,  and let me know 
the result  at the end of  the season or when the seeds 
are ripe.  Let  me  know  how  many pounds of  stalks 
grow  on the square rod,  and let me have  two  or  three 
joints  of  the  stalks  for  analysis,  that  I  may  deter 
mine the value  for  sugar  making,  and  I  will  publish 
the result of  the ·whole inquiry, giving each one  credit 
for his work . 

I  want  the  canes  to  be  raised  without  manure, 
except the u  e of  a  small  handful  of  wood  a  hes  to 
each  hill,  or  a tablespoonful  of  sup  rphosphate to the 
hill. 
tated  what 
manure, if  any,  was used. 

In the report I  want  it  distinctly 

PLAKTIXG  AXD  CULTIVATING . 

The seed  should  be  planted  at  the  same  time  as 
Indian  corn . 
'l'he  young  plant  is  easily injured by 
frost,  but  the  canes  in  the  fall  will  " -ithstancl  the 
In the early 
action of  frost  much  better  than  corn . 
stages of  growth  the  plant  appears  Yery  feeble,  and 
no one should be discouraged by the first looks.  Plant 
shallow,  in hills three feet  apart each way,  and leave 
four  stalks in the hill.  Plant  close  to  preYent  suck 
''hen the plant is 
ers .  Cultivate the same as  corn . 
ripe,  as shown  by  the  seeds  turning  black,  cut  the 
stalks off  at  the  ground  and  cut  off  the  hea<l  with 
about one foot  of  the top of  the  stalk,  and weigh  the 
canes in this state. 

RESULTS . 

If it can be  shown  that  amber  cane  will  make  a 
good  growth  on  these  Yery  light  and  unpromi  ing 
soil  , if  we  can raise a  forage crop where gra  ses fail, 
and if  we  can turn  these glittering  sands  into bright 
crystals  of  sugar,  we  may  sweeten  the  lot  of  the 
pioneer  in more sens  s  than one.  Let each one con 
tribute something to thi  end,  and definitely  settle, if 
we  can,  the possibilities of  these unpromi  ing soils. 

6 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

Arsenical  Ditt'u  ion. 

The question ·whether arsenious acid will pass by the 
process of  diffusion  from  particle to  particle of  dead 
matter  bas assumed  an unnsnal  interest  lately from 
its  relation  to  forensic  medicine.  All  persons  know 
that sugar,  salt,  nitrate of potash,  etc.,  will thus pass 
from  the  surface  to the interior of  dead matter,  as is 
shown in curing  hams  by rubbing  the surface with a 
mixture of  ugar, salt,  and saltpetre.  These substan 
ces  "strike in" and the ham is  cured  so  that the cen 
tral  portion  of  the  ham  is  sufficiently salted  by  this 
process  of  diffusion. 
Indeed  it  "·oulcl  be  clifficult  to 
cure any kind of  meat  but for  the natural diffusion  of 
these crystalline sub  tances. 

The question has arisen \Yhether arsenic can "strike 
in" by a  similar process  of  diffusion,  when  applied to 
dea.d  matter,-whether rubbing  the surface of  a  ham 
with w!Jite  arsenic instead of  salt would cany arsenic 
to the deeper  portion of  the  ham?  Would  it be  afe 
for  a  person  to  eat  the meat  from  the  interior  of  a 
ham cured in this way? 

The  taxidermist often  uses  arsenic to  presen-e  the 
skins of  birds and  animals from  putrifying,  and eve:o. 
considerable  mas  es  of  muscles  and  tissues are com 
pletely preserved in this way from  putrifaction . 

The  process of  embalming bodies to preserve them 
for  a  period,  longer or shorter,  so  that  bodies may be 
carried to  a  distance,  or  a  funeral delayecl  for  a  time, 
has  become  somewhat  common . 
'rhe  embalming 
fluids uspally contain arsenic in some form,-the arse 
nate of  soda, the a_rsenite of  soda,  or white arsenic sus 
pended in water.  These substances are injected  into 
the stomach and bowels  of  the dead body,  and in this 
way anest  putrifaction more  or  less  completely for  a 
time.  The  embalming  process  is  becoming  so  com 
mon,  and  the use of  deadly poisons  (arsenic  and cor 
rosive sublimate)  so general,  that •ery grave questions 
arise if  the  body is afterward  taken from  its grave to 
determine  the  cause  of  death  by  chemical  analysis. 
The case assumes  a  very serious aspect if a  long time 
has  intervened  between  burial  and  the  post mortem 
with its attendant analysis,  especially if  it is  assumed 
that the  arsenic or corrosive  sublimate injected after death 
will  remain  in  the  stomach  and  bo1cels,  and  none  pass 
into neighboring organs  by  dijJiLsion . 

The older writers on medical jurisprudence claimed 
that  arsenic  could  be  carried  to  the  liver,  kidneys, 
spleen,  and other internal  organs only by the circula 
tion of  the blood, that the blood circulated only during 
life,  and hence the presence of this  "imbibed voison" in 
these  organs  was proof that the poison had been adminis 
tered during  life . 

But  if  active  mineral  poisons  have  been  used  in 
embalming  the  body,  and  if weeks  and  even months 
intervene between burial an~l the post mortem exami 
nation,  it  becomes  a  matter  of  great  importance  to 
know  whether  the  presence  of  such  poisons  in  the 
liver  and  kidneys  is  proof  of  administration  before 
death,  or whether  the  poison may have  passed  from 
the stomach  to  the  frrnr  after  death  by  the ordinary 
process of  diffusion. 

In  order  to  cross-examine  nature  on  this  point,  I 
performed repeatedly the following experiment :  I  pre 
pared a  dense solution of  g  latine,  made about as acid 
as the gastric juice, and holding suspended a quantity 
of  white  arsenic .  A  small  quantity of  this  material 
was  placed  in  the  bottom of  a  number of  test tubes, 
and the material  allowed to  become  solid  by  cooling. 
A thinner solution  of  gelatine,  but  strong enough  to 
set in a j  lly when cold,  and  saturated with  sulphur 
etted hydrogen, was poured into these test tubes, which 

were then set aside for results.  In 24 hours the diffusion 
of  the arsenic upward  through the jelly was very evi 
dent in all the tubes by the formation  of  a  quantity of 
yellow  sulphide  of  arsenic,  and  this  change  passed 
upward  by  progressive  changes  in  all  t!Je  tubes,  so 
that in  a  week the  ar  enic  hacl  passed  more  than an 
inch  through  the  jelly.  If arsenic  can thus  pass an 
inch  a  week  through  non-living  matter,  may  it  not 
pass in 12 ·weeks  trom the stomach into the liver when 
these organs  lie  in  actual  contact  in  the  body?  It 
may  be  objected  that  the  action  of  arsenic  in  jelly 
may be different  from  what would  take  place  in  the 
animal ti. sues .  The objection  has  force,  and  to test 
the matter by the substitution of  animal tissue  ,  a  cat 
was  Killed  a  month ago .  A  few  hours after death the 
alimentary canal  was  injected  with  arsenic  ancl  the 
animal  buried.  In  a  short  time  the animal  will  be 
resunected and the abdominal viscera, other than the 
alimentary canal, will be examined for  arsenic. 

It is evident  that  the  use  of  embalming  materials 
calls for  restriction and regulation by law, or else that 
the dicta of  toxicologists on  "imbibed poison" require 
careful revision. 

TIIE  WEATHER  FOR  MAY.-We have all heard of the 
lady who  enjoyed poor health. 
l\fost of  us when mis 
erable enjoy being very miserable.  The very exagger 
ation of  our  discomfort  seems  to make it  more com 
fortable .  If the weather is  Yery  cold or Yery  hot,  it is 
a  comfort to  be  assured that it is colder or hotter than 
was ever known before,  and we  turn to the thermom 
eter as  some pitying angel whose sympathy and coun 
tenance will r ender life less  a  burden. 

The month just closed has  by very general  consent 
been placed in the pillory as the May of all Mays that 
may  not  be  tolerated  for  outrageous  conduct,  and 
exclamation  points have been  hurled  at  the  luckless 
damsel as freely  as  the snow  flakes  she unluckily  let 
fall on the 21st.  When we  look  at her record we  find 
there is good ground  for  outcry against  her manners. 
In  order  for  intelligent  comparison  I  present  the 
average temperature and rainfall for 1\fay for twenty 
one  years,  as  observed  at  the  State  Agricultural 
College. 

'l'EMPl; R\TURE. 

RAIN-FALL  IN 
lNCllBS. 

1863 ... ...... ........ . . ..... . 
1864 ....... .... .. . .......... . 
18G5 ....... . .............. .. . 
1866 ... . .................... . 
1867 . ....................... . 
1868 ... . ... . ................ . 
1869 .... .. .................. . 
1  70 .... . .................. . . 
1871. .............•.. . ... .... 
1872 .......... . ............. . 
1873 ................ ... ... . . . 
1874 ........................ . 
1875 ........................ . 
1876 .................... . ... . 
1  77 ........................ . 
1  78 ....... ......... . ..... .. . 
1879 ..... . . . ........ ... .. ... . 
1880 ......................... . 
1881. ....................... . 
1882 ... ..... ............. ... . 
18  3 .. ............. ... .. .... . 

61. 0 72  Fah. 
60. 0 19 
57. 0 65 
55. 0 04 
51. 0  Jl 
59. 0 08 
56. 0 02 
64. 0 32 
61. 0 39 
58. 0 48 
56. 0 98 
59. 0 58 
60. 0 82 
57. 0 95 
68. 0 25 
54. 0 57 
58. 0 76 
64. 0 30 
65. 0 24 
52. 0 73 
52. 0 78 

A\"erage for  May, ....... . . . 

58. 0 43 

4.51 
2.87 
1  77 
3:44 
3.81 
2.80 
2.05 
1.16 
1.97 
ii. 72 
3.05 
1.78 
4.46 
4.13 
2.23 
3.44 
2.45 
5.5!l 
2.11 
4. 04 
5.66 

3.l!l 

It will thus be seen  that the  temperature for  1\Iay, 
1883,  is  5. 0 65  below  the  aYerage,  while  the  rain fall 
was nearly  2i  inches  aboYe  the aYerage. 
'l'he  temp 
erature was a  small fraction  of  a  degree  above that of 
May,  1882.  With  the  exception  of  last  year's  l\fay, 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

7 

the  month  just  closed  was  the  coldest  May  for  21 
years,  with  the  exception  of  1867,  when  the  mean 
temperature  was  51. cnF.  But  the  May  just  dis 
missed  was  the wettest  of  them  all,  and  this  is  the 
only  May  for  twenty-one  years  that  had  the  cool 
audacity  to  give  us  a  genuine  snow  storm.  Under 
all  the circumstances we  endorse  the  following  from 
th e Cincinnati Enquirer:  "We make no  bones about 
it.  We  are disgusted with May.  This weather is the 
feather  that  has  broken  our affection,  ancl  hereafter 
we  can  be  nothing  to  her  but  a  brother.  We  have 
worshiped the maid through golden years, waiting for 
h er  step on  the  lawn with  all  the  impatience  that  a 
lover  knows.  Often has she come to us with blossoms 
braided in her hair, ancl  her presence a fragrance that 
is  sweet  to  r emember.  She  has  brought  us  violets 
ancl  daffodils,  and wen t  sailing with us upon the bay. 
She  h as  led  us  enraptured  on  the  hills,  where  the 
maples,  in  leaf  and  bud,  hung a  crimson  curtain  on 
the wood .  And now  look at  the  jade !  Instead  of  a 
gossamer gown,  with a  rose  in h er  hair and a  sprig  at 
h er  throat,  she  comes  arrnyed  in  hooded  cloak  ancl 
waterproof. 
Instead  of  her  sweet  bare  feet  and 
entrancing ankles,  behold the unsightly rubber  boots ! 
May,  we  can  not  put  up  with  this.  Take  your 
umbrella  and  go  hence .  We  propose  to  make  love 
to  June." 

A  Loc.a.L  ANODYNE .- Burns and  scalds  by  hot sub 
stances and corrosive lig_uids  are common  in domestic 
life  and in the laboratory.  The pain  and  discoipfort 
call for  some  thing  for  immediate  relief,  and  I  have 
found  nothing  better  to  apply at once  to the burned 
parts than the  following : 

Gum  Camphor . _ . .. .... . . .. .... .. . . 2 parts  by weight. 
Hydrate  of  Chloral.. _ .... _ ..... _ ... 2  " 
Chloroform ........ .. ..... _ .... . : .. 3  " 

" 

" 

Mix  to form  a  solution.  Wet  the  burned  surface 
with this liquid,  and apply in same manner from  time 
to  time  until  the  pain  and  smarting  are  subdued. 
The material is volatile,  and  requires to  be  kept well 
corked to prevent waste. 

I  once used  this  preparation as a  local application 
when  attacked  by  erysipelas  in  the  temple.  All 
spreading of  the  disease  was  arrested,  and the burn 
ing pain speedily relieved, and a  speedy cure resulted. 
A wisp  of  cotton  wet  with  the  liquid  and  crowded 
into  the  hollow  of  an  aching  tooth,  often  brings 
speedy relief. 

It should never be used internally except under the 

advice of  an intelligent doctor. 

Those who  are  interested in having a  full  course  in  chemistry 
will  be glad to know that the  laboratory is to be made one of the 
best in  the west.  The  following  resolution  passed  at the last 
meeting of the  State board will indicate  the  improvements  that 
are to  be  made this  s ummer: 

R eso lved,  That Dr.  Kedzie be authorized to prepare plans and 
specifications  for  fini shing  and  furni s hing  the  basement or  the 
chemical laboratory. 

Now  that the  appropriation  !Jill  has passed 'the legislature  we 
may look  for  many  impro,•ements in  the  College.  It has been 
decided to put in  the water-works at once.  Pipes with hydrants 
are to be  laid  in  the  different  halls and  laboratories,  the lil.Jrary 
It will  not  bo  ex 
building,  the greenhouse,  and engine  house. 
tended  to  the  prnfessors'  houses  at  present.  This  is  a move 
in the right direcLion, for a fire  in  one day might destroy property 
to an  <•mount  snO:icient  to  sustai n  a  system of  water-works  for 
many years . 

The State Board have appointed a  permanent libmrian for  the 
'!'hough  no rules have  been made,  it is very  probable 
College. 
that the library will  be kept  open during a  large  part of  the day 
and  that  no  books will  be allowed  to be  drawn.  The  appoint 
ment made is a  good one. 

The professor or  horLiculture is to have a  new house.  A com 

miLLce will soon  advertise for plans and specifications. 

• 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

Publishecl  Quarterly,  on  the  1st  of  August,  October,  Allril,  nucl  June, 

BY  THE  STUDENTS 
-01' -

TIIE  MlCIIIGAN  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

TERMS,  50  CENTS  A  YEAR; 

SINGLE  NUMBERS,  15  CENTS . 

ADVERTI S IN G  RATES  MADE  J{NOWN  ON  APPLI CA 'l'ION. 

~All subscripLions  will  be  regarded  as  continued  unless 

we  arc  notified  to  the  contrary. 

EOAE.D  OF  ::SDJ:TOE.S. 

O.  C.  HOWE,  E•litor-in-Chicf. ......... I.H em r y  A  rli c lc s  and  Rcyiews. 
DR.  R.  C.  l<EDZlR ................................... -------------·  cicncc. 
IL  W.  COLL l~ G WO J D ............. -- -- -----------·--·----Collcgc  News. 
A.  C.  BCRO ............................. .......................... P e rso nal s. 
V.  E.  MI'l'IJ,  Secretary .... Correspondence, Exchanges, anti Co llege s. 

D.  C.  IIOLLID.\.Y,  Jn .................................. nu si ness  Manager. 
l' ROF.  S.  JOHN SO N .... .............. .................. ... ...... Treas urer. 

LANSING,  MICH.,  JUNE  1,  1883. 

THE  EDITORIAL  BOARD  take  this,  the  last  opportu 
nity,  of  bidding  adieu  to  the  readers  of  THE  SPECU 
LUM,  as  the  present  number  completes  the  second 
volume.  Though  not  regretting  the  change,  they 
are  as  solicitous  as  ever  regarding  its  future  pros 
perity.  The  task  has  been  an  arduous  one,  and 
on  their  part  there  will  be  a  feeling  of  relief. 

No  pains have been spared to make THE  SPECULUM 
a  readable  paper.  To  publish  all  of  the interesting 
current  news  relating  to  the  college  and  its  gradu 
ates  has  been  the earnest endeavor.  General topics 
touching  the  welfare  of  the  college  have  received 
notice. 
In  accordance  with  the  request  of  several 
members,  the  proceedings  of  the  last  alumni  meet 
ing  were  published  in  its  columns;  in  return  THE 
SPECULUM  acknowledges  the  numerous  contributions 
that  were  received  from  graduates.  Though  at 
times  subjected  to  criticism  for  ideas  advocated  or 
actions  taken,  yet  nothing  has  been  done  without 
fast  giving  the  subject  clue  consideration. 

to 

the  favorable  outlook 

The financial  condition of  THE  SPECULUM  is exceed 
ingly  good.  When  first  instituted  there  were  many 
doubts  as to its being self-supporting.  The first year, 
despite 
the  contrary, 
the  SPECULUM  barely  paid  its  way.  This  was  of 
course  due  to  the  extra  expense  necessary in  start 
ing  its  publication .  There  is  now  in  the  hands of 
the  treasurer  money  enough  to  meet  all  r easonable 
expenses  with  a  surplus  sufficiently  large  to  put 
volume  three  on  a  solid  basis. 
row  that all  doubts 
regarding  the· SPECULu111's  financial  prosperity  have 
been  remove-cl,  all  that  is  required  is  the  attention 
necessary  to  make  it  readable. 

During  the  coming  year  the  SPECULU~r  will  be 
under  the  control  of  a  wholly  new  but  competant 
board  of  editors.  Mr.  Fitz  R.  Osborn,  '85,  of  the 
Eclectic  Society,  has  been  elected  Editor:in-chief. 
The  Natural  History  Society,  Prof.  A. J.  Cook,  '62; 
the  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1\lr.  B.  C.  Porter,  '84;  the 

8 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

Delta  Tau  Delta,  Mr.  J .  R.  Abbot,  '84;  the  Union 
Literary  Society,  Mr.  C.  P .  Gillett,  '84;  Mr.  C.  C. 
Lillie,  '84,  was  elected  business  manager,  and  Prof. 
8. Johnson  again  re-elected  treasurer. 
'Vi.'e  bespeak 
for  them  the  hearty  cooperation  of  all  who  are 
interested  in  their  work. 

IN  THESE  Tnrns  one  of  the  things  essential  to  the 
success of  a  college  is  to  let  the  outside  world  hear 
from  it,  and  to  hear something  good  quite  often.  A 
little  every  few  clays  or  every  few  weeks  is  likely  to 
produce  a  better  effect  than  a  large  1olume  once  a 
year or once in  two  years. 

Several  of  our  professors  make  1aluable  experi 
ments, the  results  of  which  appear in  the reports  of 
the  Board  of  Agriculture.  Of 
these  reports  only 
8,000  copies  are  printed .  They  are  valuable,  but 
o 
few  in  number,  and  cannot  be  read  by  many. 
matter how good,  when  sent  to  the  press  the  editors 
rarely  copy  anything.  Mo  t  people  on  receiving  a 
volume  place  it  on  the  shelf  to  read  it  some  more 
convenient  season,  which  is  very  likely  never  to 
come. 
o  doubt  a  good,  short,  readable  article, 
written  by  one  of  our  professors  and  printed  in 
almost  any political  or  agricultural  paper,  finds  two 
or  three  times  as  many  readers  as  when  printed  in 
our  report.  EYen  THE  SPECULUM,  so  small  as  it  is, 
we  see  quotecl  oftener  than  the  report  of  the  Board 
of  Agriculture. 

If the  professors  are  able  to  endure  the  task,  it 
is  well  to  have  a  full  and  original  r eport  besides 
l_)lenty  of  pithy  articles  for  the  press.  We  belie1e 
few  colleges  have  professors who  write  more  for  the 
press  than some  of  the  members of  our own faculty, 
and  they  are  nowhere  near  able  to  write  for  all 
that  ask  contributions.  These  articles  exert  a  wide 
influence,  and  doubtless  a  large  class  of  people 
never  know  much  about  our  College  excepting what 
they  have  learned  from  reading  such  articles. 

The  results  of  an exl_)eriment  generally make more 
interesting  and  valuable  reading  if  printed  and  dis 
tributed  soon  after  the  experiments  are  completed. 
If  experiments  are  completed  in  spring,  it  is  gen 
erally  about  eighteen  months  before  they  appear in 
the  report  of  the Board,  and in  the next report some 
of  the  experiments  will  haYe  been  made  two  years 
In 
and  a  half  before  the  books  are  distributed. 
some  cases  parts  of  these  reports  are  seen  earlier 
by  the  notes  sent  to  the  l_)ress. 

The  best  way to  reach  the  public, it  seems  to  us, 
would  be  to issue  a  large  number  of  small bulletins, 
taking  care  to  present  matter  at  a  season  when  it 
would  be  most  valuable  to  the  farmer.  This  plan 
is  adopted  by the  experiment  stations  of  New  York, 
New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  and  North  Carolina,  and 
seems  to  work  well.  These  bulletins  are  sent  to 
the  press,  which  quote  them  freely.  They  are  also 
sent  to  any  who  apply  for  them. 

Suppose  the  best  portions  of  the  report  of  the 
Board  "\\ere  cut  up  into  fifty-two  parts,  and  sent 

weekly  to  the  press  or  the  farmers;  we  feel  sure  it 
would  produce  much better results  than it now  does; 
and  this  plan  would  r equire  no greater effort on the 
l_)art  of  our  professors.  The  whole  report  could  be 
issued  later,  according  to  the  present  plan. 

ONE  OF  THE  saddest  events  that has e1er  occurred 
at  the  College  was  the  untimely death  of  hlr. A.  1. 
Bamber,  of  the senior  class.  It is  never  a  pleasant 
thing  to  think  of  death .  Even  when  the  Reaper 
gathers  in  those who  have  spent  a  lon g  life  of  use 
fulness,  and whose life work  seems  about· completed, 
-under  even these circumstances we  can but deplore 
the  e1ent.  But  when  he  takes  one  who  is  just 
equipped  and  ready to  start  out  in  life's  battle,  one 
who  has  spent  years  in  study  and  is  just  prepared 
to  become  of  use  in  the world,  then  it seems  doubly 
hard.  We  read  of  such  events  often;  we  do  not 
think very much about them perhaps, but when death 
enters our own  college  and  takes one  of  our number, 
the thought is  brought to  our mind with startling dis 
tinctness, that "in the midst of life  we  are in death." 
Such an event we ·have been called  upon to mourn. 
A link has been broken in the golden  chain of  friend  
ship .  A voice  to  which  we  have  been wont  to  listen 
is  forever  hushed.  Sorrow has  been  brought upon a 
happy home. 

A  few  weeks  ago  Albert  Bamber,  although  not as 
robust  as  many,  apl_)arently  had  as  good  a  lease  of 
life  as  any of  us.  Bright  hopes  and  prospects  were 
before him.  Yesterday we  saw him borne away to  his 
e1erlasting  resting-place.  As  we  gazed  for  the  last 
time  upon  his  face  and  saw  what  ravages  a  few 
weeks  of  disease had made,  we  could not but think of 
the insignificance  of  this  mortal  frame.  With  what 
a  tremulous  glow  does  the  lamp  of  life  burn  in the 
body! 
o matter  how  beautiful its proportions,  how 
symmetrical its  development,  it  must  sooner or later 
dissolve into its elements and  find  a  common le1el in 
If this  were  all  of  man, if  we  were 
nature's  tomb. 
like the  plant  that  grows,  blossoms,  and  decays,  we 
might  well  mourn  our  friend's  untimely  encl;  we 
might well  tremble at  the  thought of  death .  But as 
we  listen2d to  the  fitting words  of  President Abbot  at 
the  memorial  service,  we  did  not  think  of  him  as 
dead .  The  essence,  the  soul,  still  lives  and  is  but 
transplanted  to  another  sphere.  We  shall  miss him 
\\ e  shall  think of  him 
from  his  accustomed  place. 
at  commencement,  when  the  place  he  should  ha1e 
filled  is vacant.  But  his  life,  his  work,  his  example, 
will be  long cherished in our memory. 

THERE  IS  A  great  tendency  on  the  part  of  some 
of  the best students to  think that a four year's  course 
in  this  College,  is  a  longer  one  than they can  prof 
itably  take.  Acting  accordingly  we  now  and  then 
see  students  leaving  college,  perhaps  when  they are 
about  to  take  those  studies  fro.m  which  they  derive 
the  most  benefit.  Very  often  there  are  circum 
stances  existing which render it  impossible for  one  to 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM . 

rnmain in college. 
Ill health,  the inability to procure 
the means or pass the studies are decisive reasons, but 
such  an  instance  is  the  exception  rather  than  the 
rule.  There  are  many  who  leave  for  reasons  that 
o  one  should  be  enticed 
are  very  inconsistent. 
by  opprotunities  for  entering  business, 
there  will 
be  other  chances  in  the  future .  Some  think  they 
are  too  old  to  stay  and  graduate;  that  by so  doing 
they  will  have  a  late  start in the world.  Every one 
will  concede  that  it  is  better  to  start  _well  and 
under  proper  circumstances,  even  if  it  is  late. 
l\fore  silly  still  to  leave  because  one  has  a  dread 
for public orations,  yet it has been positively asserted 
that  students  have  left  for  no  other  cause. 

This  is  a  matter that  should  receiYe  calm consid 
eration, since it is something that is to affect the whole 
of  one's  after  life.  An  education  in  itself,  if  prop 
erly  sought,  will  do  one  untold  good,  and  then  to 
there  is  a  great  advantage  derived  from  the  con 
ferred  degrees .  Let  every  student who  is  undecided 
as  to  what  course  of  action  to  take,  make  a  des 
perate  attempt  to stay and graduate.  Not  only  will 
he  be  amply  repaid,  but  it  will  be  very  likely  in 
the future  to  save  him  many  a  vain  regret. 

ger  to  attempt  to  go  from  one  building  to  another 
by  means  of  the  paths. 

It  is  an  established  principle  laid  down  in  land 
scape  gardening,  that  a  walk  should  never  end 
nowhere.  But if  he should attempt to  go  from Wells 
hall  to  the  chemical  laboratory  by  the  walks,  he 
would  be  much  more  apt  to  reach  nowhere  than he 
would  to  arrive  at  his  destination.  Again,  suppose 
one  doesn't  get  up  until  fifteen  minutes  after  the 
breakfast  bell,  and  starts  for  the  other  hall  at  a 
three-minute  gait? 
Instead  of  following  the  beau 
tiful  winding  curve  of  the  drive  between  the  halls 
and  wade  through  the  two  inches of  glittering sand 
it is usually preferred to take what is commonly known 
as  a  bee-line  across  the  lawn.  Winding walks  may 
be  very  desirable  to  follow  when  promenading with 
the  opposite  sex.  When  co-education  is 
one  of 
established,  all  walks  leading  to  the  co-eels'  dormi- • 
tory  should  curve  as  much  as  possible.  But  for 
the  present  a  few  good  straight  walks  between  the 
buildings,  m'tde  of  some  material  besides  mud  in 
wet  weather,  and loose sand in  dry,  would  be  much 
appreciated . 

THERE  is  nothing about the college  more  attractive 
in the summer or  more  admired  by visitors than our 
lawns,  when they are kept in a  good  condition . 
If  it 
is  wished to  have them so  kept they will not  b::i  likely 
to be improved by being used as a general play-ground. 
Almost  every night a  number of  boys  are engaged in 
playing ball on the lawn in front  of  Wells  hall.  There 
is,  we  believe,  a  rule  of  the  faculty  forbidding  ball 
playing  in  front  of  this  hall. 
Is  it  to  be  enforcecl? 
Tile  new  boarding  system  causes a  part  of  the  stu 
dents  to  eat  at Wells hall,  and they  naturally linger 
in  front  of  it  after  meals .  But it is  only a few  steps 
from  there  to  the  play-ground  in  front  of  the  old 
boarding  hall,  and  it  is  but  reasonable  to  expect 
ball playing  to  be  limited  to  this  place. 

There is,  we  believe,  a  salaried official,  whose  busi 
ness  it  is  to  look  out  for  such  things  as  this. 
If 
this  person  would  only  let  it  be  understood  tllctt 
this  violation  must  be  stopped  at  once,  that  would 
end the matter. 
If,  however,  it  is  allowed  to  con 
tinue,  it  will  soon  be  considered  legitimate  play 
ground,  and  the  lawn  will  be  forever  rninecl. 
It 
might be  added  in  extenuation of  the  students,  tllat 
the  carelessness exhibited in preserving  the  lawns  is• 
very  much  increased  by  the  poor  con lition  of  the 
"alks,  and  their  failure 
lead  directly  to  a.ny 
desired  point.  There  is  scarcely  a  path  between 
places  where  there  is  much  travel  -that  does  not 
have  a  beaten  track  on  one  or  both  sides  of  it. 
The  path  is  not  fit  to  walk  in,  and  the  student 
cannot  be  blamed  for  walking  on  the  lawn  at  the 
side.  He thus  naturally falls  into  the  habit of  walk 
ing  across  the  lawns  without  regard  to  paths. 

to 

It  would  be  rather  uncertain business for  a  stran-

b  THIS,  the age  of  reform,  would  it not  be  well for 
the authorities of  this  College  to  consider the present 
method of  canying the mail, with the purpose in view 
of  making it  more  convenient  and  efficient.  Dnring 
all  the  years that  have passed  since  the  institution 
was  founded,  this  is  one  of  the  things  that  have 
remained the same.  It is  very probable that the sys 
tem worked well  when the College  was  in its infancy. 
Its  professors  were  fewer  in  number  then  and  the 
extent of  their work was much  less than it is  at  pres 
.ent :  the  library was  small  to  what it  now is  when it 
receives  over one  hundred  and  fifty  papers  ancl  mag 
azines  each  week;  then,  too,  the road be tween here 
and  Lansing  was  so  nearly  impassable  that it was 
almost of  a  necessity that the mail carrier go  on foot . 
The  larger  part  of  the  mail  that  comes  into the 
Lansing  office  arrives  in  the  evening,  so  that  all 
papers,  save the two morning dailies  of  Detroit,  are a 
'rhe same thing is  true of  the 
day old when receirnd. 
letters,  the  bulk>  of  them  being  reC€ivec1 
after  they 
have laid in the postoffice  nearly twenty-four hours. 

The  remedy is  a  more  effectual,  though  perhaps  a 
more  complex,  system .  In  its  present  prosperous 
condition,  the  college  ought  to  have  two  mails  each 
week-day-one in the forenoon  anCl  the  other  in  the 
evening  after  th::i  last  mail  arrives,  wllich  would  be 
about six  o'clock. 

The mail is becoming  so large that it is often impos 
sible  for  the  mail  boy  to  bring  it  all  at  one  time. 
The weight of  the mail was  taken each clay last term. 
The  lightest, ten  pounds, was  'ruesday's  mail,  while 
that of Friday, thirty-six pounds, was the heaYiest;  but 
the  average weight of  the mail fo r  these  days,  during 
the  term,  was  respectively  fourteen  and  one-half 
pounds and twenty-three  and  one-half  pounds.  The 

10 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM . 

daily  average  dur ·ng  the  term was nineteen and one 
half pounds. 

It seems  as though  the  College might  adopt  a  plan 
that would  be more  suitable,  and that,  too, with  only 
a  moderate outlay of  money.  A man with  a  suitable 
team  and  wagon  could  make  two  trips  to  Lansing 
each  clay. 
In  addition  to  the  mail  he  ~ould  carry 
visitors and students to and from the College;  express 
and freight packages bound for  the College  could  also 
be  brought  out.  By having  rather  a  multiplicity of 
duties,  which still  might  be  fulfilled  without  neglect, 
the  expense  of  any  one  would  be  small.  This  is  a 
matter  of  some  importance,  and  should  be  operated 
on  business  principles.  Any  reasonable  plan  that 
would -place  the mail before  the  students at the close 
of  the evening meal would  be  gladly  accepted. 

TEN  YEARS  AGO  the  graduating class placed a  large 
bowlder  on  the  lawn  as  a  mark  of  respect  for  its 
alma  mater.  Several  class ... s  have  planted  groups 
of  trees  that  are  known  to-day  as  the result of  their 
handiwork.  For  the  past  few  years  nothing of  this 
kind  has  been  clone;  yet  it  would  be  well  if  this 
was  an  established  custom,  to  be  followed  by  the 
successive  classes  graduating. 

When  four  of  the  best  years  of  one's  life  ha·rn 
been  spent  in  college,  he  cannot  but  form  many 
associations, 
r ecollections 
and  have  pleasant 
regarding  them. 
Indeed,  no  one,  unless  he  is  of  a 
very  cold  temperament,  can  be  wholly  indifferent 
to  the  college  from  which  he  graduated.  Such per 
sons  are  found  occasionally,  but  they  are  not  the 
most  worthy.  There  are  so  many  pleasing  things 
about  college  life  that  are  ever  afterward  fresh  in 
the  memory  and  cherished  by  it, that  something  is 
due  in  return.  To  commemorate  those  days  in  a 
worthy  way  should  be  one  of  the  last  duties  of  the· 
senior  class.  Let  them  in  some  way  beautify  the 
surroundings,  or  aid  the  college  itself  in doing more 
efficient work.  Objects  placed on  the  lawn  that will 
create  interest  and  draw  the  attention  of  visitors 
It will  tend  to  attract 
are  beneficial  to  the  school. 
those who  are  contemplating  about going to  college; 
for  a  student  prefers  not  only  a  good  school,  but 
one  that  is  -pleasantly  situated.  A  contribution  to 
the  library  or  museum  is  a  profect  that  would 
reflect  credit  on  any  class.  A  gift  of  apparatus  to 
result 
some  of 
directly  in  much  good  in  many  ways. 

the  different  department  would 

The  motto  of  the  present  senior  class  is,  " Deeds 
not  words."  They  now  have  a  s-plendicl  chance  to 
exemplify  it,  which  we  hope  they  will  not  be  slow 
to  accept. 

IT  IS  ALWAYS  difficult  during  the  summer  term  to 
get  a  good  attendance  of  students  at  the  Sunday 
Indeed,  this  statement  is  true  to  a  cer 
exercises. 
tain  extent  all  through  the  year.  Some  Sundays 
nearly every  student  will  be  present,  on others only 
a  small  proportion.  The  threat  is  often  made  to 
call  the  roll  on  Sundays.  We  have  no  idea  that 

this  will  ever  be  done,  nor  do  we  think  it  would 
im-prove 
the  attendance.  To  endeavor  to  make 
attendance  at  church  compulsory,  in  a  State  insti 
tution,  su-pported  by all sects and persons  of  no  sect 
as  well  would  hardly  be  desirable.  But  anything 
that  can  be  done  to  improve  the attendance should 
be  encouraged. 

There  are  a  very  few  students  who  will  attend 
church  every  Sunday, sim-ply  because  it  is  the  cus 
tomary  thing  to  do. 
'fhere  are  many  more  who 
·will  not  go  unless  they  expect  to  bear  something 
that  will  repay  them.  Most  of  our  preachers  come 
from  the  city  of  Lansing,  and  we  believe  there  is 
a  custom  of  inviting  from  each  denomination  in  a 
sort of  rotation.  Now,  there  are  certain  preachers, 
-we  might  name  them,  who  always  attract  a  full 
house;  there  are  others  who  seem  to  exert a  repel 
\\ e  do  not  say  that  one  class pre 
ling  influence. 
sents  a  better theology  or possesses more ability than 
the  other.  We  merely  know  that  the  students  like 
to  hear  some  men  better  than  others,  as  is  shown 
by  their  attendance.  We  know  the  institution  is 
intended  to  be  kept on  a  strictly non-sectarian  basis, 
and  that  speakers  are  invited  from  every  denomi 
nation for  this reason.  We  belong to  no  sect,  nor do 
·we  wish  to  see  any  one  denomination  represented 
more  than  any  other, but  if  it  is  wished  to  have  a 
r egular,  good  attendance  at  church,  it  would  be 
greatly  aided  by  having  those  speakers  that  we  all 
like  to  hear  more  often,  and letting  those whom we 
are not able to  appreciate remain  with  their  parish 
ioners . 

PLANS  ARE  nearly  completed 

for  improving  our 
comse  of  study.  The  term  of  laboratory  work  in 
vegetable  physiology is  -placed  in  the s-pring  term  of 
the  Sophomore  year.  The  studies  taught  by  Dr. 
Kedzie  and  his  assistant  are  all  moved  along  two 
terms,  and  one  of  them  more  than  two  terms.  In 
the  spring  term of  the  Junior year  the  students  can 
elect  a  second  term  of  horticulture  in  place  of  the 
third  term  in  analytical  chemistry. 
In the  senior 
year  there  is  a  chance  to  elect  more  of  agriculture, 
botany,  zoology,  geology,  and  civil engineering,  while 
logic, chemical physics, psychology, constitution of the 
United States, political  economy,  meteorology,  veter 
inary,  astronomy,  moral  philosophy,  history,  and 
quantitative  analysis are all electives . 

The following  resolutions relating  to labor have  been  passed : 
"That it Le required of those in charge of labor at the Agricult-
~ral College  that they keep a  labor record book,  similar  to their 
class books,  in  which  the class of  workers  shall  be entered  and 
ratou  each  oay  as  scrupulously as  for  a  class-room  r ecitation, 
acc;ording  to the performance  and  merit of  eaeh  day's  labor,  on 
a  scale of  tent.hs,  from  zero for a wholly unsatisfactory perform 
ance  to ten for a  perfect onP.. " 

"That wages sh.all  be graded  proportionally, from  nothing for 
an average standing of four  to  maximum  wages for an  average 
standing of ten." 

"That stud ents employed  in  ditchin"'  in water  or wet places, 
may be  paid  in  the  discretion  of  the  officer employing them  at 
a  maximum  value of 12t cents per hour." 

"  That Seniors employed  as  foremen of  gangs of students at 
labor may  be  paid a  maximum  rate  of  12 ~ cents an  hour,  in  th e 
discretion of the professor  in  charge." 

THE  COLLEGE  SPEC  LUM. 

11 

There bas been quite a  demand for  seed corn  this year. 
The wheat on the  farm is looking well ;  much better than was 

expected . 

R  v.  J .  Morgan  Smith  lectured  before  the  Y .  ll:L  C.  A.  on 

"The Life of 'J_'his Age." 

And  now the season cometh when  the  junior  taketh  the bug 

net in band and  wildl y  chaseth the butterfly o'er the lea. 

The college orchestra  is  a  great  success.  We  had  no  itlea 

that so  much musical  talent could  be  found in tho  College. 

About 40  students spent the vacation at the college.  Imm ense 
fortunes were doubtless made ih  the ditch at  17  cents per hour. 
Dr.  E.  A.  Grange  of  Guelph,  Ontario,  is  lecturing  to  the 
seni-ors  in  voterinai·v.  This course has  been lengthened so  as to 
last the full  term.  · 

The  College herd consi  ts of  about 80  head or  excellent cattle. 
There  are  about  40  Short-homs.  A  great  many  sales  have 
been made or late. 

Saturday the 26th of  May  Dr.  Beal  lectured at  Ionia  to the 
teachers of Ionia and  Montcalm counties;  subject,  "  Ornament 
ing School grounds." 

Mr.  E.  S.  Antisdale was recently elected steward of  club  "A," 
and l\Ir.  Page received a  like compliment  from  the  membcrR  of 
club  "E."  The other stewards were re-elected. 

The latest case of stern devotion  to  the principl  s  of  the labor 
system is that of a Sophomore, who,  not hearing tho boll, worked 
with  unflag-ging  energy till half-past  five  o'clock. 
Such devo 
tion will not go unrewarded. 

Congressman  Ilorr  recently  ,·isitcd  the  College nnd spoke  to 
th e  freshmen  in  the  agriculture  clas  .  He  thought  ho  was 
formed  more for  theoretical than the practical agriculture.  His 
r emarks  were very good  indeed. 

The  College  appropriation  bill,  as  am ended  by  the  House 
committee,  has  passed  both  Houses  and  has  received  Gov. 
Begole's signature.  There was but little  opposition to it.  Total 
amount of approp ri ation,  51,089. 

The two wagon boxes  recently constructed  by Mr.  Mohn ,  the 
Collc•Ye  carpenter,  are examined with  much curiosiLy by visitors. 
By  a  most  ingen ious  contrivance  they can  be  changed  into  a 
sheeprack, hayrack,  or plain  wagon  box. 

E.  E.  Vance,  pitcher  of  the  College  nin e,  had  his  leg  broken 
in  a  ball  game during vacation,  and will  be  unable  to return for 
some time. 
l\Ir.  Vance  is  one  of  the  best  amateu r  pitch  rs  in 
tho  :State,  and his loss will  sevo~ely cripple the nine. 

The  College farm  has  been  wonderfully  improwd in tho 1 ast 
three years,  the  r esult of  careful and systematic  work.  Fields 
have been cleared  up,  stumps removed,  and  much  tile laid. 
I n 
another  year tho lane will be extended  to the railroad. 

The lecture by Dr.  Kedzie on  "The  Problem of  The Sands," 
is  attractiDg  considerable attention. 
If the experiments  it s ug 
gests  are  succe&sful,  and  we  think  th ey  will  be,  the  debt  of 
gratitude  due  from  the  farming  classes  will  be  largely  a ug 
mented. 

L ast Saturday at  Capital  Grange,  Profosso1·  Grange who  is 
our  new and  popular  professor  of  veterinary,  took  part in  the 
discussion  on the value of  different  breeds  of  horses.  He  has 
accepted  an  invitation  to gi \'O  one  or  more 
lccturos  to  tho 
members of the  grange. 

Somo ti mo  ago the  College received a  pair of J crsey Red hogs. 
It has  been  the  policy  of  the  Htatc  Boar I  heretofore  to  keep 
nothing  but Essex hogs on  hand.  Some excellent spocimo ns  of 
this brood are  on  ex hibition.  We  think  it  would  l>c  bettor to 
keep specimens of the  various breeds on  hand  so  that  students 
might study and compare  their characteristics. 

Cl nb  "F" is tho namo  assumed  by a  small  party of  students 
who are boarding  th cmseb·cs.  They haYe hired  a  small  house 
on the road to Lansing,  and have redu ced  boarding  to a  positive 
science.  A  student  can  live  very cheaply in  this way,  but we 
do  not consider it the best policy.  Ono loses mnch of the good 
fellow  hip  and kindly feeling  that go to  make up  character. 

Tho l\Jichigan chapters of  the Delta Tau  Delta  fraternity will 
hold  a 
tate  conYcntion  at  Albion  June  1st  and  2d.  An  open 
literary entertainwent will  be hold  in  the  College chapel  on  the 
evening of June  2d.  Delc!!;ates from  Ann  Arbor, Adrian,  Albion, 
_Hillsclalo,  and L an  ing will tako  part.  Lansing will contrilrnte  a 
poem by llfr.  Collingwood,  and a  debate by llfr.  Herrington. 

After consideral>lc discussion  tho  cniors have clocidecl  to bold 
their class clay  and commencement cxo rcisPs at tho  College. 
It 
was  propo  eel  to hold them at the  Opera  Hou  c  at L an  ing,  but 
It sooms  most titting 
this id ea did  not meet with  much  favor. 

that tho class should hold  their last  public  entertainment at the 
College wh ere all the old  memories  that are called  up  at such a 
time,  can be brought nearer  home. 

l\Ir.  W.  C.  Str~·ker is preparing a  series of  sketches illustrating 
stud  nt  life, whi ch  show  considerable  originality. 
The  best 
that we have seen are two s ketches  or the dark and  bright s ides 
of a  lire  of  a  steward . 
In  the  •'dark"  side.  a  "roup  of  these 
unfortunate  individuals  are  in  hot  pursuit of  eggs,  butter,  etc. 
In tho  "  bright" s id e  the  steward,  forgetting allthis trouble,  is 
mo ·t gallantly wiping  dishes for the waiter. 

President Abbot recently  delivered a  most  interesting lecture 
on  the history of  the  College.  Tho  present student cau  hurdly 
appreciate the difficulties attending a  course hero 15  or 20  years 
a~o .  The  College was not located here by it  friends, but rather 
by iLs  enemies. 
It was  thought that it never could live in such 
a  swamp hole as this was at the time.  ·  That  it  has  reached its 
present proportions is argumonp enough in ra,·or of the manage 
ment. 

The  third  annual  convention  of  the  Intcr-Collcgialo  Society 
Association  was  held  at  Hillsdale,  l\Iay  3cl.  Out·  colll'gc  was 
rept·escnted  by the  Eclectic  Society.  Tho  various  methods of 
condu<lting  liLcrary work were  discus  cd  at  length,  and an  open 
litcrnry  entertainment  wa  given in  the  College  chapel. 
l\Ir. 
Re ldilw and  Mr.  Law,  of  this  College,  r ead  paper  on  "  Critics 
and  Criticism," and "The Conservatism of beholarship."  Quite 
'fhcy r  port 
a  number of  our students attended the conYCntion. 
a  success in every particular. 

Shortly after  the  last SPECULUM  was  issued,  a  College  Base 
Ball Association  was formed  with  D.  C.  Holliday,  Jr.,  a  presi 
dent,  and  C.  F .  Lindsley,  '  3,  C.  E.  Smith,  '84,  T.  0 . Williams, 
'85,  and  G.  E.  Brown,  86,  directors.  Tho  College  nine i  com 
posed  of  the  following  pla~·c1·s:  c.,  Sage,  '84  ;  p.,  Vance,  '  4 ; 
s.  s.,  Gammon,  '86  ; 1st b.,  Morris,  '85  ;  2d  b.,  Collingwood,  '83  ; 
3d  b.,  Ross,  '86;  1.  f.,  Welch,  '86;  c.  f.,  Lind  Icy,  '83;  r.  f., 
Hinnebaugh,  '84.  Sm·eral pr,1ctice games huvc been played, and 
the nino is prononnced a  strong one. 

The  winter's  experiments,  in  feeding  en  ilage  were  very s uc 
cc  sful.  Ensilage  will,  without  doubt,  prove  a  most important 
factor in  stock foedino-.  The  College  experiments  go  to  proYe 
that it is  a  Yery valuable food  for stock.  We  notice that promi 
this  county and  in  Eagland,  are 
nent  agriculturists,  both  in 
paying much  attention  to  this  subject. 
Not  long  ago  the 
English consul at  Washington was  directed  to  note  what  pro 
gress  has  been  made  in  the  science  in 
this  country .  Prof. 
Johnson's report will bo  published in a  short  time. 

A  friend  recently  requ ested  us  to  give  a  fair  statement  of 
ex penses for a  year at this  College, anti also how much a  sLudent 
can  expected  to  earn  during  the  same  time.  The  following 
statement is,  we  think,  fair  eno ugh.  The item for  board can be 
reduced if stud<'nts are willing to board  themselves.  This prac 
tice is  not to  I.Jo  commended  howcvc1-. 

EXPENSES  FOR  FRESHMAN  YEAR. 

Matriculation  . ..... . ..... .... ... .. . .... ............. . 
Room  rent,  fuel,  and  incidentals .. ....... _ ........... . 
Books. stationery,  etc ... .. . ....... ....... ..... ..... . . 
Board at  2.40 ... .. . .. ............. .. ... ... ......... . 
Sundries ............ . .... . ..... ............ . . .. ... _ .. 
·washing ............................................ . 

~5  00 
17  25 
25  00 
8!  00 
20  00 
9  00 

Total. .. ..... ............. _....... ........ ..... .. . . 

160  25 
Tho  means of  defraying  expenses  open to  the  ordinary student 
arc work on  th e  farm,  and  the  opportunity  for  teat:hing  during 
the vacation.  He may expect to earn : 
·work on  farm ... ... .... ............................ . 
T eaching  .. .. ...... .. ........ . . . . .. ... . ... . _ ........ . 

48  00 
90  00 

Total. ...... .. _ .. ......... ... . .... ... _ ... _ ... . . __ . . 

138  00 
Students can do  more  work on  the farm  if  they wish,  but  it  is 
not ad,·isable to  attempt  too  much. 
.Most  of  the  students do 
far  le~s work than the above.  We  speak of  what a  student can 
do. 
llfany students  have  paid  Lhcir  way entirely through col 
lege,  l>ut  we  conside r  it  better  policy  to  put  more  time  into 
one's reading,  and  bol'l'ow  the small amount of  m'.lncy  required. 
We have been quite  modest  in  our  praise  of  the new system 
of  boarding  thus  far,  we  think,  but  now  wo  feel  omewhut dis  
posed  to  l>ray . 
\Vo  have  finished  one  term,  and  the  hardest 
term  of  all,  and can now  present figures and  facts  to  prove our 
assertion that  this is tho  ideal  system of  boarding.  Boa.rd  for 
the  past term averaged  about  ~2.'.15  per  week. 
In some clubs 
the  price f  ll  a  little  below these  fi gur  s,  and in  others it was a 
It must be remembered that this result was  reached 
trifle O\'Or. 
und er the management of students. 
'Ibo various stewards wcro 
without  oxpcrioncc,  and  were  obliged  to  learn  every  detail  o[ 
the business.  L ast  year  at  this  time  we  were  called  upon  to 
pay  ~3. l 5  per wee k for  board  that caused  much  dissatisf'action. 

12 

THE  CO LLE GE  SPE CU LUM. 

Seventy  cents  per  week  will  make  quite  a  dilierence  in  the 
expenses of  the ordinary student.  Ho will  appreciate it.  But 
the red uced  price  is  not the  only  advantage  of  the new system. 
Board  gave  such  general  satisfaction  that  hardly  a  word  of 
grumbling has been hen.rel.  This  we consider quite remarkable, 
when  it  is  remembered  how  ready  students  are  to  find  fault 
with  their  food-often  times  without  reason,-a nd  how many 
"chrouic grumblers "  are to bo  found  in  every  collcgo.  Then 
again,  there is a  feeling  of security.  Students feel that they are 
in  a  ce rtain sense boarding themselves.  They have the right to 
examine the books of their steward,  and,  if  necessary,  r emo'e 
him  from  office.  Another  great  advantage  is  found  in  the 
improved  behavior  of  students  in  the  dining  room.  An  old 
student  would  feel  lost  in  one  of  tho  new  club room s . 
'l'bc 
clatter and bang of the old  dining  hall  is  forgotten.  There are 
no more du els at long- or short range with pickles or crackers for 
weapons.  Everything is  orderly and quiet.  Thon  again we are 
far better able  to  provide comforts for  th  s ick than  ever before. 
In short tho now system has  proved  a  grand  success. 
It  has 
surpris  d  oven  its  most  enthu siastic  supporters,  nncl  deprived 
its opponeuts  of  all  ar..,.ument.  We  think  that eventually tho 
system will  be so changed  that those  desiring  the  best  board 
cnn  form  a  club  of  their  own. 
In  this  way  the  price  can  be 
graded  to suit all parties. 

The  State  Board  insists  that  tho  township  of  i\Icridian  shall 
pay  for  the  horse  tlmt  was  drowned  in  the  Red  Cedar  river 
sometime ago,  by falling  through the  bridge. 

Prof.  Ratterloe  is to have  an office  in  the  l.Jotanical lal.Jorato ry, 
dir  ctly  O\'  r Dr.  Boal's office. 
\\'h en  this is fitted  up  tho horti 
culturaI departm ent will  be in  good  running order in  every way. 
H ereafter  tho  officers in  charge  of Williams,  College,  and  Li 
brary  Halls  arn  authorized  to  have  the  halls  mopped  onco  a 
month during the term. 

'Ihern will  bo  no  "grange picnic"  in  tho  grounds  this  year. 
Capital  Grange has decided  to recreate at Pine Lake.  With the 
now boarding system  under full sail,  we do not think the dinner 
baskets would  be in  clanger. 

Williams Hall is to  r oceh ·e  a  now  roof. 

It is something  that 
has been  needed  for  some  tim e,  since  many  rooms  have  been 
damaged by water.  A  hip  roof  will  be  put  on above tho man 
sard, which will add much to tho  looks of  the building. 

Should not the  bridge  over  the  Roel  Cedar bo strengthened? 
The spring !lood weakened it considerably,  and its evid ent weak 
ness  is shown when  the  College herd passes over.  A strong wall 
of masonry should be built at Lho  end whore the river has  washed 
out the sand. 

It is  an  cstablishC'd  fa ct that the club system of boarding is a 
success.  The  State  Board  at  lC'ast  seem  to  ihink so,  for  they 
have nuthorizcd  th o clnb rooms  to  be  painted  and  calcimined. 
This will  make  them  assume  a  more  homelike ap1  caranco and 
more surely satisfy tho students. 

"The College  Stove  Wood  Co.," consisting  of  throe  Seniors 
and one Freshman,  spent last winter in the  pine woods,  making 
tho  mighty  trees fall before  their axes.  During the winter they 
gave a  seri es of  mo.  t  remarkable  entertainments.  The luml.Jor 
camp was for the tim  converted into an opera. house, and the win 
try air was filled  with r ecitat ions and college songs.  Tho inh abi  
tants of that region  doubtless look  upon the  Agricultural College 
as  a  school of  oratory and a  conservatory of music. 

On  Jun e 13,  1883,  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture will meet at 
this College, together with  the cxecuti'l"O committees of the  State 
.Agricultural  Society,  Pomological  Society,  and  State  Grange. 
This  will be for the purpose of  viewing  tho college and suggest 
ing  improvements  for  ihe  future.  Th C'y  arn  n.11  practical men, 
who  have  tho  best  interest  of  iho  coilc""o  at  heart.  Tho  stu 
dents arc gfacl  to have the opportunity of listening  to th em once 
each  year.  A  tal.Jle  will  be  sprnad  Lo  accommodate  all  of  the 
friends of tho college who arc present. 

Quito  a  se rious  accident  occnred  last  te·rm  that  came  very 
l\Ir.  E.  D.  i\Iillis,  the  foreman  of  the 
near  resulting  fatally. 
gardens,  in  company with several students,  was driving over the 
bridge  about a  mile above  the  College,  when  the  flooring  gave 
way,  and  tho  wh ole  party  fell  into  the  river. 
:i\Ir.  l\Iillis  was 
caught between  tho wagon and the horses,  and  had  a  very nar 
row escape  from  drowning.  The  students  OS<.!apod  with  some 
difficulty,  while tho garden  teamster,  unal.Jlo  to swi m, was obliged 
to  cling  to  tho  horses  for  s upport.  Ono  of  tho  horses  was 
drowned.  Tho bridge  was  pronounced un safe some time ago. 

the  society  here.  He 

!\Ir.  E.  C.  Bank,  '8'1,  attended the 25th conYontion  of tho Y.  l\I. 
C.  A.  at  l\lilwaukcc,  !\fay  18th.  He  went  as  a  delegate 
from 
reports  a  most  successfu l 
meeting,  and a  Yory  c11thus iastic  convention.  The  college work 
was a  marked feature of the c011von tion .  There are 107  collogos 
that support a  Y.  :i\L  0 .  A.,  and  of  these  104  were  represented. 
These  iuolucled~ollegcs in  Canada. 
\York has  boon  dune in  ol 
logos fur only  al.lout  six  years,  and  yet  there is to-clay  a  mem-

bcrship  of 9,000,  of  whom  about 1,600  arc studyin g  for  the min 
istry.  The  college  boys  bad  charg-o  of  tho  m  Pting  on  the 
afternoon of the last day.  Prof.  A.  E.  Haynes, of Hillsdale Col 
lege,  is  the  present corresponding secretary for l\lichig an. 

The Agricultuml  College student,whilo working out the  prob 
lems of the labor system ,  is  an object  of curiosity to the college 
visitor.  As  seen  by  clifiorent  eyes  he  assumes  nnmbcrle  s 
shapes and colon;.  The  msthotio young lady riclin"" through the 
grounds considers him a  perfect  poem .  His  working boots and 
hat  are  to  her  mind  simply  picturesque.  The  student  from  a 
literary  college  sees  his  follow  working  in  tho  s un,  and  goos 
away thankful that his  lot is  cast  in  easier  places.  The  friend 
of the system points with glowing eloquence to the modest work 
man.  He  fondly  thinks  of  the  comin"'  Garfields  and  Lincolns 
who  arc running  lawn  mowers or raking drives.  The man who 
who does not believe in the  college  comes  on  the grounds,  and 
perhaps stumbles  onto som  seeker after  science who  is" cool 
ing off  " und er  a  tree.  Ho of cour  o pronouncC's the wh ole  thing 
a  failure,  and  goos away grumblin"" that he is obli..,.ed  to pay ten 
cents  in  support  of  an  iustitution  to  teach  boys  to  "shirk. " 
l\Ioanwhil1J  tho  poor student, uncon scious of the fact that ho is the 
object of so much curiosity,  goes thruugh his college course, and 
comes out with a clear brain and  a  good  muscle. 
Wh en  with  hurried ha ste tho ringer runs along the College green, 
With  such  spued  that  straight  behind  him  are  his  coat  tails 

Thon  tho  weary  Frushman  gazing  through  tho  cloudy  window 

standiJ1g se •n , 

pan e, 

/ 

Knows  th o dinner hour is  coming and  ho taketh heart again. 
'low and stately walks  the  ringer t->  ring out the study chime, 
How  ho  crawls  with  Jagging  footsteps  to  proclaim  the chapel 

But as starts the timid  rabbit  when  he  hears  the rcd-lllouthod 

. 

time, 

hound, 

Does he rush to ring for dinner with  a  wild,  gazelle-like  bound. 

Various  charges  ha,·ing  been  made  against  the management 
of  President  Abbot,  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture decided to 
make  a  complete  and  thoroug h  investigation.  As  a  result  of 
sucll invosti!rntion  the following  resolution  was passed Jun o 1st: 
"WHEREAS,  Certain  charges  have  boon  made  through  tho 
press,  and  addressed  to  this  Board,  aliecting  tho management 
of T.  C.  Abbot as President of the  College; and 

WHEREAS,  We have carefully  examined those charges; there  

fore, 

Resolved,  That we hereby  express our entire confidence in tho 
ability and integrity of  President Abbot,  and  his continued  use 
fulness  in  the  capacity  iu  which  he  has  o  long and honorably 
scrrnd tho  State as President  of the Agricultural  College. 

Thi  resolution  was  passed unanimously. 
!\Ir.  A.  ~!.  Bamber,  of  t'10  class of  '83,  died  at  tho  college  on 
Friday  e1·cning,  June  1st,  a!'tor  a  lingering  illnc  s  of  several 
!\Ir.  Bamber  had not boon  well  for  some  time,  but  was 
weeks. 
able  to  attend  to  all  his  duties.  About  a  month  since  he was 
taken  with  malarial  fever,  which  settled  into  typhoid.  He 
seemed to be gaining until a  short  tim e  before  bis  death,  when 
ho  was  taken  with  a  sudden  r elapse,  from  which  ho  ncYer 
rallied.  Mr.  Bambor  was  born  in  Oakland  county,  and  had 
resided  there  untill  ho  cut  rod  tho  Agri cultural  College  four 
ycard  ago.  H e  was  twenty - throe  y ea rs  of  age.  He  was 
a  young  man  of  m ore  than  ordinary  ability,  and  was  held 
in  high  o  teem  by  faculty  and  students.  H o  was  chosen 
last spring as one of  tho com111oncomcnt orators,  was also  pres 
ident of  tho  Delta  Tau  D elta  fraternity  chapter  h  re,  of  whi ch 
ho  was an cstcclllocl member. 
i\Ir.  Bamber was  one of  tho load 
ers in the  Y.  :i\I.  C.  A.,  and  was  a  thoroughly  Christian  gentle 
man.  His  remains  were  remo ved  on  Saiurclav to  hi s  homo  in 
Oakland county,  attended by delegates from  each of  tho  organ 
izations of  which  ho was a  member. 

Tho following  resolutiou s  wore adopted by his class : 
WHEREAS,  In Yiow  of  tho  loss we,  the  members  of  tho  class 
of  '  3  of  tho  l\Iich igan  State  Agricultural  College,  have  sus  
tained  in  the  decease  of  our  estccmccl  fri oncl  and  classmate, 
Albert l\I.  Bamber,  and of  th o far greater loss  to  the  many 1rho 
were nearer and dearer to him;  therefore bo it 

R e,~olved,  That it is but a  just  tribute  to  the  memory of  the 
departed  Lo  say that  in  the  death  of  :i\Ir.  Bambe r  the  class of 
'83  has  lost one of  its be ·t anti  most ho nored  members,  and  the 
coll  go a  student of  ability and  inrluen cc;  that he  will always be 
romcrnberotl  by his  classmates  in  connection  with  his  energy, 
hi 
to  do  right,  being 
in spired in all hi  notions  by those  qualities which  always char 
acterize a  true  Christian . 

enthusiasm,  and  his  constant  do  ire 

R esol1·ecl,  That wo  rxtcnd to th o beroaYod  family  and friend s, 

in this their deep ailliction,  o ur  most heartfelt sy mpathies . 

R eso li• ed,  That a  copy of th  so resolutions bo  sent to tho fam  
ily  o[  our  clccoasccl  classmate;  that  it  cooy be  placed  on  tho 
class records,  and  that these r esolutions  I.Jc  printed  in  the  ::llil-
ford  papers. 

· 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM . 

13 

Resolutions  passed  by  Chapter  Iota  of  the  Delta  Tau  Delta 

fraternity : 

WHEREAS,  It  has  pleased  the  all wise  God  to  remove  our 

beloved brother,  Albert M.  Bamber; and 

WHEREAS,  We have been bound to him so long by such strong 

yet tender ties; and 

WHEREAS,  ·we feel that his death malrns vacant a  place in  our 

hearts that time can hardly fill; 

THEREFORE,  We,  the  members of  Chapter  Iota  of  the  Delta 

Tau Delta fraternity,  do  offer the following  resolutions: 

Resolved,  That in the death of Albert M.  Bamber we  lose one 
of the truest  friends and noblest  brothers  man could ever  have. 
One who stood for  the right,  hopeful in  trouble,  joyous  yet for 
giving  in  victory,  ever  ready  to  champion  the  right  or  to  do 
battle with the wrong,  leading us by his  simple stand for all that. 
was noble  and just to gentle purposes and  purer lives. 

Resolved,  That  while  we  cannot  understand  all  the  ways  of 
our Father,  yet  we feel that  this life,  so full  of  good and  manly 
purpose,  so full of  pure and noble aims,  so  founded  upon  truth, 
bas not  been in vain,  bnt has  left influences  and  memories  that 
can never die  out,  but shall speak to our hearts forever. 

Resol·ved,  That we tender our  most  heartfelt sympathy to the 
family  of  our  dead  brother,  and  ask  them,  in this their hom  of 
grief, to feel  with us that this noble  soul will not be lost, but will 
live forever in  some higher and grander sphere. 

Resolutions of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association of  the 

Agricultu1·al  College,  Lansing,  Michigan,  June  2,  1883: 

Re.solved,  That  we record as  far as  possible  our  appreciation 
for  the  excellent  work,  and  our  deepest  sorrow  for  the  early 
death of Mr.  Albert M.  Bamber,  in the  following  resolutions: 

Resolvecl,  That  as  the  deceased  has  faithfully  performed 
some  of  the most  rnsponsible  duties,  and  continually  held  im 
portant  offices  in  our society,  we feel in  his  death  the loss  of  a 
faithful  worker,  a  wise  counselor,  and  brother  of  true  christian 
character. 

Resolved,  That we  acquiesce with the dealings of  our Heaven 
ly  Father  iu  this  afliiction,  believing  that  "all  things  ·work 
together for good  to  them that love  God." 

Resolved,  'l'hat  we  deeply  sympathize  with  the  bereaved 
parents  and  friends,  and  that  a  copy  of  these  resolutions  be 
presented io them. 

Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  these  resolutions  be  published  in 
the local papers near the home of  the  deceased, and a  third copy 
recorded in the transactions of this society. 

'l'IIE  Elli tor of  this Department desires the earnest co.operation of 
the nlum11i  in aiding hirn  to  fill  these  columns with  interesting  items. 
Give occupntion  since  gracluation,  wbnt  offices  held, whether  married 
or not, etc.  Let this receive prompt attention from every alumnus. 

C.  W.  Crossman,  '82,  is a  carpenler in Benton Harbor. 
J.  W.  Beaumont,  '82,  is studying law in  Saginaw, Mich. 
C.  A. Dockstader,  '81,  has returned to Centreville,  Mich . 
Chas. McGill,  once with the class of  '83,  is farming in Dakota. 
John  A.  Poucher,  '77,  is  farming  at  Morenci,  Lenawee  Co., 

Mich. 

J.  B.  Leonard, once with '85, is surveying in St.  Joseph county, 

l\Iich. 

C.  W.  Garfield,  '70,  and  wife  are  taking  a  trip  through  New 

England. 

James L.  McClear,  '82,  is  studying  law  in  Howell  wiih  L. 

Montaigne. 

W.  H . Draper,  once  with '84,  has  taken  up  a  squatter's  claim 

in  Dakota. 

J.  R.  Shelton,  '82,  is  here  taking  a  post-graduate  course  in 

agriculture. 

Wm .  Cook,  '74,  is a  farmer  in  St.  Johns,  Mich.  He  and  wife 

teach winters. 

· 

A.  G.  Gulley,  '68,  is  superintending  a  vineyard  in  Fowler, 

Fresno Co.,  Cal. 

JVI.  D .  King,  once  with  the class  of  '71,  is a  successful builder 

in  Hudson,  Mich. 

Carl R.  Dart,  '81,  is  at Marquette,  Mich.,  where he is survey 

ing and draughting. 

C.  I. Goodwin,  ·'77,  was married last December to ~1iss Sophia 

Furgeson,  of  Ionia. 

W.  I. Lillie,  '81,  is  still  pursuing  his  Jaw  studies.  He  tried 

two suits last week. 

R.  H .  McDowell,  '74,  is assistant  superintendent  of  the  Lan 

.sing Reform  School. 

Rob.  H.  Baker,  once with '84,  is  working  in  the  office  of  the 

Union  City Register. 

T.  0.  Shattuck,  who  entered  with  '85,  is  book-keeper  for  a 

firm  at Bangor,  Mich. 

Wm.  Thum,  Jr.,  once  with  '84,  is  engaged  in  the  drug  busi 

ness at Grand Rapids. 

Chas.  H .  Flynn,  once with '84,  graduat·es in the Iowa Agricult 

tural College this year. 

T . P. Caulkins, '78, is now operating a  machine  shop in  Thorn 

vilie,  Lrtpeer county, Mich. 

Dr.  L.  F. Ingersoll,  '74,  has removed  to  Traverse  City,  where 

he is following  his profession with success. 

Jeff.  I rish,  '82,  is  traveling  in  the  west.  He  returns  to  A.nu 

Arbor in the fall,  to tinish bis course in law. 

J.  Q.  Thomas,  '79,  is  doing  an  extensive  business  in  stock 

raising and farming at Junction  City,  Kansas. 

W.  H.  Burgess,  '81,  was  admitted  to the  bar  last April.  He 

is thinking of  going  west to locate in the fal l. 

Frank  Benton,  '7D,  is  attending  a  Greek  college  at  Athens . 

He  is  noted as  a linguist as well as a  bee-keepe1·. 

Dr.  Byron D.  Halsted,  '71,  was  married,  January 7th,  to Miss 

Susie  E.  Howe.  They now live in Passaic,  New Jersey. 

C.  L.  Bemis,  '74,  supt.  of  schools  in  Portland,  is  president of 

the Teachers' Association of  Ionia and Montcalm counties. 

Geo. E .  L awson,  at one  iime a  member of  the  class  of  '82, is 

now r eceiving teller of  the People's Savings Bank,  Detroit. 

C.  R.  Schlappi,  formerly  a  member  of  the  class  of  '84,  went 
from  here to  Colorado.  He is now farming  in northern Dakota. 
W.  S.  Delano,  '81,  and  F.  E.  Delano,  '82,  have  bought  a  pair 
of  Holsteins,  with the hopes of  having  a  herd  sometime  in  the 
future . 

Amos Troupe,  '81,  has been  practising  mP.dicine,  but  returns 
soon  to  the Rush Medical  College,  where  he is to  complete  his 
course. 

L.  K.  Woodman, for  a time with '84,  spent  the winter  at Kal 
amazoo  Business  college,  but  is  now  on  his  father's  farm  at 
Paw Paw. 

A.  W.  Bahlke,  once with '83,  was  married  April  10th,  to Miss 
Nettie Hess, of Pewamo.  His old  classmates anticipate a  bright 
future for  him. 

L.  A.  Hurlbut, '67. of  Crescent City,  Fla., will  spend the sum  
mer  in  Bismarck,  Dakota  T errit:ory,  where he has  large  real 
estate interests. 

Geo.  Sprang of  '84  has been at work  for  the  city enO"ineer  of 
Lansing,  during  tho  past  year,  but intends returning  to college 
again in  the fall. 

· 

Mary J .  C. Merrill,  '81,  is  teaching  school  at Marilla  Center, 
Manistee county,  Mich.  She has recently been  appointed libra 
rian of the  College. 

Honnee W.  Meeker,  lately with '85,  left college  this spring and 
now we know the oause.  H e was  married,  l\Iay 30,  to a  young 
lady of  ·oliYet,  Mich. 

David  Howell,  one of  the  early  students  in  this  college,  bas 
boen  made  superintendent of  schools  in  Lansing,  a  position  he 
is am ply qualified to fill. 

Dr.  Kedzie's  article  on  "ImproYement  of  Sandy  Soils"  is 
attracting  consicll.lrable attention.  Th e people am already send 
ing to him for sorghum seed. 

H enry  Palmer,  once  with  the  boys  of  '83,  has  returned 
to  take  a  special  course  in  chemistry.  He  thon  goes  to A.on 
Arbor for  a  course  in  pharmacy. 

L.  W.  Hoyt,  '82,  bas  made two  trips to Northern  Michigan to 
locate lands  for  some  parties  in  Grand  Rapids.  He expects to 
tum his attention to  Colorado soon. 

L.  B.  Hall,  '82,  has  taken  his  prospected  tour  through  ihe 
west, but  has  returned  with  the  idea  that  Grattan  possesses 
more attractions for him  than any place he found . 

Jacob  M.  Hollingsworth,  '82,  who  it  was  thought  for  a  long 
time  was  married,  will  soon  be in that  state of  bliss.  He is to 
be married Jun e  6 to Roma J . Folger,  of  Ridge Farm,  Ill. 

Geo.  D,  l\Ioore,  '71,  owns one of  the finest  farms  in  southern 
Michigan.  He  is  secretary  of  the  Lenawt>e  county  Pomona 
grange and one of  the directors  of  the county agricultural soci 
ety. 

W.  E.  Hale,  '82,  is  farming  at  Ertton  Rapids.  He is starting 
a  herd  of  Short-horns  and  having  good  success.  He  is  also 
successful as a politician, having  been elected clerk of  his town 
ship. 

W.  T.  Langley,  '82,  is  farming  in  Centreville,  l\'Iich.  H.e  is 
already making  use  of  the  military  knowledge  gained  wlule a 
stude11t  in  this  college :  he  acted  as  marshal at the  St.  Joseph 
county fair. 

~~ 

14 

THE  COLLEGE  SPECULUM. 

D.  C.  Oakes,  '74, who has been  practicing  law at Ionia for  the 
past year, will soon  embark  in a  new enterprise,  in  th o  estab 
lishment of  a bank  at  Shelby,  Ionia  county.  Ho  commences 
business about July 1st. 

Dan.  W.  Andrews,  once  wit.h  the  dnss of  '79,  is  engaged  in 
the insurance business at  Stanton,  111ich.  Ho  is  happy  in  his 
prosporit.y,  and  has  many  grat.efu l  remembrances  of  the  time 
spent at college.  He is married. 

C.  C.  Georg 'SOD,  '78,  owns a  farm  in  orthcrn Texas ;  he has 
a  crop of  new  potatoes  now  ready  for  market.  H e is going to 
engage in the seed bu  incss.  Since December 22cl,  he has been 
the father of  a  handsome girl baby. 

Jay Woodman , '81, is working  his father's  large farm  on  good 
t erms for  Jay.  H e  is  a  good  farmer,  and  destined  to  become 
loaded  down with  wealth.  H e  was  married  some  time  ago to 
1\Iiss  Fanney Buckont.  His address is Paw Paw,  Mich. 

Arthur  Lowell,  '74,  is  a  promising  lawye r  ancl  a  1 art.nor  of 
Geo .  A.  Farr, '70.  Mr.  Lowell was elected recorcler of Coopers 
ville  this la st spring,  which  we  hear was  wholly  un sought,  and 
if  true is 1 robably  tho first case on  record.  He  is  still  unmar 
ried. 

Albert A. Robin son,  '78,  who  has  been  engaged  in  farming, 
and dealing in lumber at  Wayne  for  seYcrnl  years,  is about to 
close out his  busine  sat that place.  He has accepted a proffered 
partner  hip in  a lumber  business in  Detroit,  where he will locate 
for  the present. 

Geo.  W.  Mitchell,  '74,  has  spent  the  past year prospcctin" in 
California and  Oregon.  Had a most enjoyable tim  , and returns 
to Indiana to sing  the  praises  of  the  west  ;mtil  he  can  make 
arrangements to take up  his  aboclo  in  the  "land  of  promise." 
Will locate in  Oregon. 

W.  L.  Snyder,  '82,  and T.  F .  ~elson, for a  time with '84,  have 
formed  the  great  newspaper  team .  Snyder  will  write  the 
heavy editorials,  while  Tom will preside at the press.  They are 
at present looking for a  location where  the people are intelligent 
enough to appreciate their  efforts. 

W.  S.  Hough,  once with  the  boys  of  '83,  now  of  the Univer 
sity,  was a  delegate to the 25th annual  convention  o[  the Y.  M. 
C.  A.  which was recently held in 1.Iilwaukee,Wis.  While attend  
ing the convention,  he  received a  telegram  stating  that  he  had 
been elected president of  the Y.  M.  C.  A.  in Ann Arbor. 

H. B.  Eliot~.  better  known  as "Sam," did  not  return  to  col 
lege this spring.  He was suffering from  an attllck of  inflamma 
tory rheumatism,  and  thought a  summer  on  the  farm  would  be 
beneficial.  He is located at his  home  near  Jackson,  and  drives 
into the adjoiuing villages after his  fast  horses in  a  manner that 
would do credit to a  millionaire. 

John I. Breck, who  would  have  graduated  this  year,  has loft 
his class on account of  failing  health,  and is uow travelinir agent 
for  a  Chicago book firm.  He tra•els in  the Western States,  and 
finds  his work very agreeable.  He  expects  to  go  to  England 
with an uncle some time next month. 
'83  loses  a  good  man  in 
Breck,  and will deeply regret  his  absence at commencement. 

Leroy Wilcox  once wit.h  '82,  is  now  a  full-fledged  physician. 
The  following  from  th e  Chicago  Medical  Tim es  is  ' '.ery  com 
plimentary:  "Prof.  Henry  Olin's  prize,  consisting  of  au elab 
orate eye operating case, ntlucd at. 50,  to the student of highest 
attainments  in  the  department  of  ophthalmology  and  otology, 
was awarded to W.  Leroy  Wilcox  of  Michigan,  whose  general 
average in  all departments was the highest ever attained by any 
student of this  College." 

Jam es  Cassidy,  for  se'l'eral  years  the  1101-iRt  here,  has rc 
cci•ed and  acce1Jted  tho appointment to a posit.ion  in the faculty 
of  the  Colorado  Agricultural  College.  The  following  from  the 
Detroit Free Press  is worthy of notice: 

. 

"  The  Colorado officials who were here yesterday speak highly 
of the good  work being done  by Prof.  Cassidy,  late  of the Agri 
cultural  College  here,  but  now  professor  of  agriculture  and 
botany in  the  Colorado  School of Agricult.ure at J.'ort Collins." 

L.  H.  Bailey , Jr.,  '82,  is always on  hand  with his contribution 

to th e  SPECUL  lll,  but this time it comes in  thls form: 

111AiUtll£D, 
L.  II.  llailey,  Jr., 
llliss  Nettie  Smith. 
You nrc reque  tecl  lo attend  the  marriage  •·eremon y  to take pin ce nt 
lhc  resi tlence  of  the  1.Jridc's  parents,  Pinc  Lake,  l\li c h.,  nt  ~  P.  M., 
\\ eclnesday  ev•·ning,  June  6tb,  !&!3.  After  June  ~Lh  he  may  l>e 
ad <lressect  at Caml.Jridge,  i\tn ss. 

.PECULUM  exlcnds its hearty congratulations. 

The 
Charles E.  Bush  died  at  his  home  in  Lansing  May 8th.  H e 
had been sick  for 0wr a year.  H e graduated in  '81  and at once 
went to  Pentwater to c>ngage  in  business with his fath er.  While 
th ere  he  conlract.cd  lhe  disease  from  which  he  finally  died. 
Charlie Bu  h was unh·crsally re  peeled  by students and f'acnlly . 
Duriug  his  long  illness  he  hardly ullercd a  word of  complaint, 
lrnt.  at la  t  patiently,  l.JraYcl~',  and willingly dropped  lhc  liurden 
of  life, 

"Like one who  wrnps  the mnntlc of  his  conch 

.AlJL1t1L  111111  untl  Jtcs  <.lown  Lo  pll·ni:nnL  drcnms." 

Ob<'rlin  celebrates her filtict.h  annivcrsity this season. 
Th e province  of  Shanghai,  China,  is  governed  by a  graduate 

of  Yale. 

At Oxford  and  Cambridge Unirnrsitics a student is a  fre shman 

only two  months. 

An  enterprising  Cornell Freshman has  turn ed  up  missing wilh 

$35 of  the money s ubscribed for the class supper. 

Subscriptions  for  ihc  endowment  of  the Ha rvard Ann ex,  the 

women's colleg.:i,  hav  r eached the  sum of  $5G,OOO. 

Private individtrnls in  the  United  States  have given  '70,000,-

000  t.o  the cause of  education  in th e  last twelve years. 

Prof.  Murray  of  Princeton  has  been  im-it.ed  io  deliver the 

commencement address at the University o[ ;)'.Iichigan. 

The  Uni..-ersity  Hotel at Princeton,  which was  built  at  a  cost 

of  ~280,000, i  to be turnecl into  a  dormitory for the students. 

Johns Hopkin s  UuiYersity  has  furni shed  the  colleges of  the 
country oyer one hundred professors  clm'illg the six years of  its 
existence. 

The  six prizes given at Williams  for  literary  excellence were, 
without exception,  received  by  students  onnected with tho col 
lege papers. 

The hazing for which fi..-e  Sophomores were recent.ly  expelled 
at  Bowdoin,  consisted  in  violently  cutting  off  one-half  of  a 
Fresh man's  moustache. 

At the recent meeting of  the Western  College  base  ball asso 
ciation,  held in  Chicago,  the  University  of  Michigan  severed its 
connection with the league. 

· 

President Porter,  of  Yale,  testifies  emphatically  in  favor  of 
college athletics,  stating  that they not  only benefit the students 
physically,  but even morally. 

A National  Catholic  University  is  about  to  be  established  in 
the  vicinity of  New York,  which  the  founders  intend  to  make 
the equal of  Yale  or  Harvard. 

At a  recent examination at the University of L ondon,  the men 
were found  superior in  abstract practical science,  but the young 
women excelled them as  linguists. 

At the request of the Chinese government, five  Chinese  youths 
will be admitted next  September  to  West  Point,  and  five  to 
Annapolis.  All  of  them are of  the rank of  princes. 

The Williams  College  glee  club  has  unclei·  consideration  the 
feas ibility of  giving a  series of concerts in the principal snmmo1· 
resorts of  the East and West,  during the coming vacaLion. 

It is stated that Columbia College has asked tho  assista nce  of 
Edison in  establishing a  chair of electrical science in  that institu  
tion.  Mr.  Edison likes the idea  and  will  do  all in  his  power to 
further  it. 

While  President  Arthur  was  on  his  fishing  excursion  in 
Florida,  young  Chet., who is a  student at Princeton.  entertained 
the  Glee  Club of that  institution  at  the  White  House,  and  it is 
said made things li-vcly  in  that vicinity for a  few days. 

The students of  Princeton  took  part  in  the  las t  city elect.ion 
supporting and  lecting the Democratic candidate.  This  action 
was in retaliation for  the  fines  imposed by the Uepublican mayor 
on some  students,  who  broke  some of  the  street  lamps  in the 
city. 

No  available man  being  found  to fill  his place as President of 
Princeton  College,  Dr.  UcCosh will  be  requested  to  withdraw 
his resignation,  with  the under  tandin"' that a  vice-president or 
other officer will be  appointed to  take  charge  of  the  mos t  bur 
denso me  part  of  the work. 

A student  was expelled  a  few  clays  ago,  from  one of  om· col 
leg  s for  studying  in  chapel while  the  religious  exercises  wero 
·we  have  read  of  "seeing  through  a  glass 
beiDg  performed . 
darkly"  but this inclicatos that a Prof.  can  see throng1' his hands 
while  rendering the chapel prayer. 

At a m0cting of the trnstees of Colnmbia College, held recently, 
there  was  discussed  th e  project or  appealing to  the  citizens of 
New  York ancl  of  the country at large,  for aid  to enable them  to 
conYcrt the college into  a  metropolitan  university,  where stn 
clents,  who  arc  now  compelle<l  to go to European  uDivcrsitics, 
can ol.Jtain  thorough instrnction in the higher branches of learn 
ing. 

Of  late years there has been a large iDcrcase  in attendance at 
th e  German  universit.ies.  From  1,500  in  Hi72,  the number of 
slu<l enls ha~ increased to  23,834 in 1882.  Some  alarm has been 
ca used  by  this,  bowing  as  it  is  denied,  that  the demand of 
modern ]i[c for  men of  education has  increased  in  like  propor 
tion.  Au  official warning has Leen  promulgated amoua:  the stu 
dents laking  up  the st udy  of  law as a profession,  since its ranks 
are alrc>ady  hopelessly crowded. 

' 

STUDENTS  WILL  FIND  AT 

G.  w.  FRARY'S  STORE 

A  Lar g e  a nd  Fin e  S t o c k  o:t· 

GEN,.I'S'  HATS  AND  CAPS 

IN   THE  LATEST   STYLES .  

L.A. UNT  T::S:O~FSON, 

COMMERCIAL  JOB  PRINTING. 

1 78  -W-ashinglon  Avenue, 

Over J.  W .  H iggs's  G rocery,  LA N S I NG,  MI C H . 

HUDSON  HOUSE 
' 

M.  HUDSON,  Proprietor. 

LANSING,  MICH. 

R A TES ,  $ 2.00  PER  ~AY. 

LANSING  HOUSE, 

E.  FR .AZEL ,  
PALACE  DI N I NG  I-I A LL. 

MRS.  J.  G.  ISBELL,  Proprietor. 

•  LANSING,  MICH. 

Opposit e  Mead's  Hall. 

RATES,  $ 2.00  P E R.  D AY. 

A  J.'UJ,L  LINE  OF  CAN DIES,  CAXES,  OYSTE RS,  ETC., 
FINE  CAKES  A  SPECIALTY. 

J, C.  HUFFMAN'S  WORLD  RENOWNED  CANDIES.  N.  E .  K ING' S  RE S T  AURA N T , 

Steam  r efined  molns  es  candy,  20  r.ents  per  pounll.  Cinnamon  taffy, 
20  cents  per  pound.  Pineapple  taffy,  20  cents  per  vound. 
J. emon 
taffy,  20  cents  per  pound.  Vanilla  taffy,  20  cents  per  pound.  SLrnw 
\Jerry taffy, 20  cents per pound . 

AJ,L  ll OllE-lllA DE  GOO DS  W ARRANTE D  TRICTJ,Y  ru 1rn . 
For  Bread  and  Ice  Cream  I  Challenge  the  World. 
OR DER S FOR  PARTIES  FILLED  ON  SHORT  NOTI CE. 

On Michigan Avenue, opposite Republican Office,  Lansing, Mich . 

NEATEST  AND BEST  PLA CE IN  THE  CITY  FOR  MEALS. 
No  Saloon  Attached ! 

J:C E  C RE A~ AJ:q":D  OYST ERS  J:J:q'  S E ASOJ:q'_ 

IONIA  CITY  LAUNDRY. 

Coll m·s  and  Cuffs  a  Specialty. 

HEADQUARTERS  FOR  COLLEGE  BOYS! 

"V'V".  E .   H..C>E, 

GOOD  WORK  Gu ARA NT EE D.  BakBrY,  GonfBGtiOilBfY,  ana  RBstanrant. 

C O R EY  &  OLMSTE A D, 

J:ONJ:.A., 

~J:C::S:. 

ICE  CREAM  AND  OYSTERS  IN  SEASON. 
Lun ch e s   at  all  :::S:::ours. 
CIGAR  A  D  TOBACCO. 
1 08  Michigan  A v e nue,  L ansi ng. 

STUDENTS:- It  will  Pay  You  t o  Call  on  W.  G.  PATTERSON  for  Boots,  Shoes, 

and  Rubbers. 

REP AIRING  NEATLY  DONE, 

Washington  Avenue,  Lansing. 

TA.-YLO:R  &  CO_'S 

ONE-PRICE BOOT AND  SHOE HOUSE, 

1  25  W'a s hing t on  Ave n u e ,  LANSING,  Mi c h. 

PECK,  ESSELSTYN  &  00., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF  AND  WHOLESALE  DEALERS  IN 

CRACKERS,  CAKES,  SWEET  GOODS, 

AND  CAND I ES  OF  A LL  K I NDS, 

LA NS I NG, 

M ICHI GA N. 

JOHN  H ERMANN , 
Opposite  Opera  Block, 

MERCHANT TAILOR,. 

KEEPS  THE  LARGEST  AND  BEST  STOCK  OF 

R.  R .  -WILS ON 

KEEPS  'rHE 

ONLY  FIRST-CLASS  LAUNDRY 

IN  MICHIGAN. 

BEST  FIT  FOR  THE  LEAST  MONEY . 

Michigan  .11.ve., -Opposite  Chapman House . 

Students,  Co1ne  and  See  Me . 

JIB. 

JP.  R][CJEIJMI((])NlID, 

JE-v:!'"EL E:R _ 

LANSI N G,  JY'[ICHIGA.N. 

GOO DRI CH  HOU8E, 

L ansi ng,  Mich . 

D A V I S '  CAPI TAL  BARBE R  S H OP, 
114  Washington  Ave.,  Lansing. 

;:r_ 

"'VV".  D.A.. ""VIS.,  Proprie tor. 

FIRST-CL A SS  WORK  GUARANTEED. 

MOFFETT  &  JOHNSO N , 

~DENTISTS .~ 

NU1·ons  Oxicle  Gas  01·  Vitalized  Afr  yiven  fo1·  the 
painless  ext1·action  of  Teeth. 
Southeast corner  of  Washington  and  Mich. Aves., Lansing, 

1851. 

1!S!S2 . 

BONNABEL'S Bl-SULPHITE  OF  LIME. 

USED  BY  ALL 
BREWERS,  SoRGHu111,  AND  SuGAR  MAKERS. 
Send  for  a  Circulm'. 

THIS  HOUSE  IS  FOR  SALE. 

.APPLY  FOR  TF.RMS. 

Box 1218. 

37  North P ete rs St.,  New  Orleans,  La. 

H .  BONN ABEL; 

:a -

S  I  JY.J:  0 

:l:\f  S  , 

1 27  Wash ington  Aven ue, 

DISPLAYS  FOR  THE  FALL  TRADE  THE  FINEST  AND  LARGEST  STOCK  OF 

• 

DRY  GOODS  AND  CARPETS 

THAT  IT  HAS  EVER  BEEN  OUR  PLEASURE  TO  OPEN  IN  THE  CITY. 

YOU  WILL  ALWAYS  FISD  GOODS  JUST  AS  REPRESENTED,  A~D OUR  PRICES  TO  THE  BOTTOM. 

-vv _  :O..AE,T, 

DEALER  IN 

HEAVY  AND  SHELF  HARDWARE,  GJjASS,  ETC., 

ALSO  AG.ENT  FOR  THE 

C  E  L  E  B 

::El. A. T  E  D 

'V'V" El T 

l.v.I:  C> :El. E 

.A. .:X:.  E ,  

Oarland  Coal  Stove  and  ::!Y.I:aple  ""'\A7"ood  Stove. 

BUY  YOUR  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 
Of a  Live  arid  Liberal  Firm. 

WE  CARRY  THE  LARGEST  STOCK  IN  LANSING, 

BEING  LARGE  BUYERS  WE  VAN  SELL  CHEAPEST, 

WE  CAN  ALWAYS  FLT  AND  SUIT  YOU, 

GET  YOUR  REPAIRING  DONE  AT  OUR  STORE, 

STUDENTS'  INTERESTS  COME  FIRST  AT 

_A__ 

..ABE::R'S _ 

H.  LARNED, 

CROCKERY,  CHINA,  LAMPS. 

l..  2  4  ~ashi.:n.g1ion.  .A."Ve:n..-u..e, 

LANSING, 

~IOH. 

D.  W.  &  M.  J.  BUCK, 

THE  L;1RGEST  AND  MOST  EXTENSIYE  FURNI'l' URE  DEALERS  TN  CENTRAL  MlCHlGA.N, 

Keep  an  Immense  Stoek  and  Sell  the  Cheapest, 

And  You  """7ill  AJ"'"-ays  Find  What  You  Want 

.AT  PR ICES   TO  SU IT   YOU. 

UNDEB.."JI."'.A..~IN"G- .A.  SPEC I .A .LTY .  

193  and  195  1Vashinyton  A'Venue,  Cor11e1·  Ionlli  Sl1·eet ,  Opposite  Ove1·a  House,  Lansing. 

-

, .. 

•. 

FACULTY . 

THEOPHILUS  C.  ABBOT,  LL.  D.,  PRESIDENT, 
Professo::  of  :r.Iontal  Philosophy  and  Logic. 

ROBERT  C.  KEDZIE,  A. 

l\I.,  J\I.  D., 

Professor of  Chemistry  and  Curator  of  the  Chemical  Laboratory. 

ALBERT  J.  COOK, 

l\I.  S., 

Professor  of  Zoology  and  Entoruolog:y,  and  Curator  of  the  General 
Museum. 

WILLIA'i\1  J.  BEAL,  l\I.  S.,  PH.  D., 
Professor  of  Botany  and  Forestry,  and  Curator  of  the  Botanical 
:ilfuseum . 

HOBERT  G.  BAIRD, 
Secreta.ry. 

ROLLA  C.  CARPENTER,  1\1.  S.,  C.  E., 
Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Civil  Engineering. 

E.  A.  GRANGE,  V.  S., 
Lecturer  in  Veterinary. 

SAl\'IUEL  JOHNSON, 
Professor  of  P ractical  Agriculture and  Superintendent of  the Farm . 

P rofessor  of  Eng-lish  Language  and  Li terature,  and  Librarian . 

ELIAS  J.  l\IAcEW AN, 

l\I.  A., 

GEORGE  H.  HARROWER,  B.  A., 
Professor  of  History  and  Political  Economy. 

JAMES  SATTERLEE,  l\'1.  S., 
Professor of  Horticulture,  and  Superintendent of  Horticultural 
Department. 

FRANK  S.  KEDZIE,  1\1.  S., 
Assistant  in  Chemistry, 

LOUIS  G.  CARPENTER,  B.  S., 
Assislant  in  l\Iathernatics. 

LOUIS  KNAPPER, 
Florist. 

ABR.\.l\I  S.  BIRCH, 
I<'orcman  of  ll10  Farm. 

JA'MES  TROOP,  l\I.  S., 
Assistant  in  Horticultural  Experiments. 

EUGENE  D .  J\IILLIS,  B.  S., 
Foreman  of  tho  Horticulturnl  Department.