y Official Publication of the Michigan & Border Cities Golf Course Superintendents Association MICHIGAN AND BORDER CITIES GOLF COURSE SUPERINTENDENTS ASSOCIATION "A Patch of Green” 31823 U tica Road, Fraser, Michigan 48026 (313) 293-3540 P u b lish e d monthly by the Michigan and Border C itie s G o lf Course Superintendents A sso ciation C irculation: 600 Ted Woehrle, Oakland Hills CC Editor Blakeman Publications Graphic A rts /C irc u la tio n ADVERTISING RATES Double Page Spread.........................................$100.00 Back Outside Page...............................................65.00 Full Page.................................................................55.00 Half Page.................................................................35.00 25.00 Quarter Page................................................ Eighth Page............................ 12.50 Sixteenth Page......................................................... 7.50 Classified Ad (per inch)....................................... 5.00 DISCOUNT RATES One Year 10 % THIS MONTH’S ADVERTISERS American Research Corp. C. E. Anderson Company Century Supply Corp. Arthur H ills Lakeshore Equipment & Supply Co. Lawn Equipment Corporation N ational Chemsearch Corp. W. F. M ille r Lawn & Garden M ille r S prinkling Systems (Sisco) Term inal Sales Corp. T urfgrass, Inc. T u rf Supplies, Inc. PRESIDENT TED WOEHRLE OAKLAND HILLS COUNTRY CLUB Birmingham, Michigan Off. 644-3352, Res. 646-8512 TAM-O-SHANTER COUNTRY CLUB VICE PRESIDENT GERALD GILL 3466 Walnut Lake Road Orchard Lake, Michigan Off. and Res. 626-8325 S E C R E T A R Y -T R E A S U R E R BOB HOPE KNOLLWOOD COUNTRY CLUB 6330 Inkster Road Birmingham, Michigan Off. and Res. 626-6062 BOARD OF DIRECTORS C. H. WOLFROM, JR. DETROIT GOLF CLUB Detroit, Michigan 530 Kendry (Res.) WESTERN GOLF & COUNTRY CLUB ROBERT PRIESKORN 721 Venoy Road (Res.) Detroit, Michigan Off. KE 1-1549, Res. 721-6648 ALBERT KALTZ MAPLE LANE GOLF CLUB Sterling Heights, Michigan Off. 268-2130, Res. 463-2892 DAVID S. MOOTE ESSEX GOLF CLUB Sandwich, Ontario P.O. Box 130 Off. 734-7815, Res. 966-1617 GARY BARTSCH PINE LAKE COUNTRY CLUB P.O. Box 216 Orchard Lake, Michigan Off, 681-1322, Res. 476-5852 ROGER GILL Royal Oak, Michigan ROYAL OAK GOLF CLUB Off. 549-7125, Res. 573-6859 PRESIDENT EMERITUS WARD SWANSON PLUM HOLLOW GOLF CLUB 29642 Westfield (Res.) Livonia, Michigan Off. 352-2436, Res. 421-8049 1972 AT Weather- Something that we play by ear every year - fortunately we have tools and materials to combat most weather conditions. Ecology- Our State of Michigan is still uncertain about chemical restrictions on golf courses - we may be forced to JANUARY MEETING The special meeting of the Chapter held on January 7, 1972 found the mem­ bership voting to increase the dues for 1972. The increases are as follows: Class A from $10.00 to $15.00 7.00 to 15.00 B from C from 7.00 to 10.00 D from 15.00 to 20.00 The membership also voted to sup­ port Ted Woehrle at our national elec­ tion of the Board o f Directors and otherwise left the delegates (Bob Hope and Bill Madigan) un-instructed. Committee appointments for 1972 are as follows: Public Relations - Ward Swanson Don Benham By-Laws - Gerry Gill Educational - Dave Moote Bill Milne Arrangements - Gary Bartsch Golf - Bob Prieskorn Turf Day - Clem Wolfrom Membership - A1 Kaltz Bennevolence & Welfare - Bob Hope Editorial - Roger Gill We are presently planning on having a hospitality room at the National Conference in February in Cincinnatti. A joint meeting is being planned for mid-April with the Ontario Golf Course Superintendents Association at Essex Country Club, Dave Moote host, and a meeting in early May at Knollwood Country Club, Bob Hope, host. THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE GLANCE do without some of our old chemicals - substitutes are available. Economy -Unemployment appears to be a continuing problem. Labor is plenti­ ful . The wage-price freeze should benefit the golf courses. Equipment-New tools continue to come on the market; Bigger - Better - More Efficient (also more expensive). War-This is an election year so we can expect the war to wind down - adding more people to the roles of the unemployed. Turf Problems - Almost all weeds can how be controlled - systemic fungicides and insecticides have helped control these pests - The only limiting factor remaining is money - We have the know how and the materials, all we need now is the money. The Golf Course Superintendent - Through our newly instituted Certifi­ cation Program and our proposed Self- Education Program we can look forward to new highs in our professional status. We plan to continue our strong public relations program to teach the golfing public importance o f the Golf Course Superintendent in this changing world of ours. Education-WAi continues to lead the turf industry - They produce leaders in the turf world - They solve many o f our problems and help up sell new ideas to the clubs we work for. All in all, 1972 should be a banner the for our association. Ted Woehrle, President COMING EVENTS MSU T u rf Conférence Q uestîonaire about inform ation needed for new Rester. 3 Keep the golfers off soft greens or you may end up with a green looking like this! PREVENTING WINTER DAMAGE TO TURFGRASS by TED WOEHRLE There are basically two types of winter damage to turfgrass on golf courses: 1. Mechanical 2. Physiological A good deal of the mechanical in­ jury is caused by the golfer himself. This is the type of damage caused by playing on frosted turf in early spring and late fall. When the turf is completely frozen and heavy traffic occurs - the actual wearing off of the grass becomes a problem - similar to drought conditions under heavy traffic. Compaction of snow by snow equip­ ment, snowmobiles, skis, sleds, or foot printing can also cause damage which is noticable during most of the next spring. Traffic on partially frozen or wet soils causes turf injury also. This is actual soil displacement - footprints or ruts from golf carts. The indirect re­ sults of this injury could be called soil compaction. Next Page Remove water from greens by cutting a ditch through ice. 4 There may also be mechanical damage caused by heaving of the soil. Heaving tears roots loose in the soil. This is common in peat or humus. Mechanical injury, except for heav­ ing, can be avoided by eliminating all traffic during periods of adverse weather or when soil conditions are poor. Many clubs have adopted the ‘ ‘Alter­ nate” green method during these periods. This involves the use of an area adjacent to the permanent green which is marked in some manner and a larger than normal cup and flagstick is used in this temporary green. Most of the golfers are kept satisfied and the entire membership is happier next spring when the greens are healthier and a lot smoother. The physiological damage is what is most frequently referred to as “ winterkill” . This injury is caused by disease, suffocation, (ice sheet dam­ age) desiccation, low temperatures. flooding and a. DISEASES-There are two basic winter diseases: Pink and gray snow molds. Both of these can be controlled to a great extent by chemicals applied before winter sets in and one more application during the winter, when and weather permits a second application. b. SUFFOCATION-This is a con­ dition which doesn’t happen very often, but when it does it is disasterous! Turf that is covered for long periods of time, as was the case during the winter of ’61 and ’62 when they were covered about 100 days by a solid sheet of ice, will suffer extensive TURFGRASS, INC. 365 WOODLAND DR. SOUTH LYON, MICH. 48178 PHONE: 437- 1427 PROGRAMS FOR FINE TURF Top-Dressing Chemical s Grass Seed F e r t iliz e r Sod Fu ng icid es Stolons H erbicides In secticid es General Supplies EUGENE D. JOHANN 1NGSME 1ER C O N S U L T I N G A G R O N O M I S T 5 chopping damage. Every possible effort should be made to remove the snow and ice from greens and tees if ice has covered these areas for 30 or more days. This can be accomplished in several ways - Physical removing, covering with a dark material such as lamp black or activated sewerage sludge to abosrb heat with it’ s dark color, and melting. Another material such as topdressing would also work. If nothing else, punch air holes through the ice. and c. DESICCATION - This is the most prevalent winter damage here in the Southeastern comer of Michigan where we get very little snow coverage. Desiccation occurs when soil moisture is not available, because ground is frozen, and the winds dry out the turf and the plant dies. Here again we can do something to slow down desiccation. It is recom­ mended that greens be covered with smoething to cut down the wind dam­ age. This could be top-dressing hay, straw, branches, plastic (punch holes in it first with a spiker to let out heat on bright sunny days). There are ac­ tually turf protection blankets manu­ factured for this purpose. If you haven’t covered your greens and you run into a period of dry windy weather it would be advisable to carry water to these greens - especially the elevated, exposed greens. Some Super­ intendents actually turned on their irrigation systems for a short period of time and then immediately redrained them after soaking down the greens. condition is caused by a heavy rain when ground is frozen, or when snow and ice melt faster than the soil can absorb it or surface drainage can remove it. d. FLOODING-This The turf becomes very susceptible to low temperature kill - the crowns actually rupture when encased in water and then re-freeze. All water should be removed where possible. Dig drainage ditches through snow and install surface tile drains, put in slit trenches; do any­ thing you can to remove excess water. ice, HOW TO KEEP A SECRET On Wednesday, December 8th, Bay Pointe Golf Club had its annual Wild Game Dinner. On this traditional night Trophys and awards for the past golf- season are also awarded. This year Bay Pointe members had been planning for months in advance to honor their Superintendent, Don LaFond. In September a letter was sent out to all club members acknowledging the fine condition of their golf course all season and suggesting that they honor the man responsible for it. Donations for this cause poured in and all mem­ bers held their little secret away from Don. They did their job so well that Don did not have the slightest idea that anything special was happening that night. When he was called up on stage he was surprised, but still had no idea what was in store for him. They gave him a large comic picture of him­ self in a folder signed by all members of the club. Then a copy of the letter sent out to the members was read and presented to p)on. The letter had been shellacked onto a plaque. Knowing that Don’ s favorite winter sport was snowmobiling, they presented him with the keys to a new Arctic Cat snow­ mobile. Along with the snowmobile came a cover, double trailer, new gas can and a case of oil. And seeing as the gas can was empty they gave him a $500 bill to have it filled. The look on Don’ s face was one of pure shock. Congratulations, Don, association for a job well done. from our - Don Benham ARTHUR HILLS Golf Course Architect Tony Jacklin, Design Associate 7351 West Bancroft, Toledo, Ohio 43617 419-841-4580 Box 4086, Fort Myers Beach, Fla. 33931 Desk: wastebasket with drawers. 6 Left to Right: Joe Moreau, member in charge of do­ nations; Richard Swiney, member; Don LaFond on machine; Don’ s wife, Betty and son, Doug; and Ernie. Fuller looking on (rear). ONE HELLUVA PUTT The cocksure golfer took his stance, eyed his ball on the tee, sighted the distance to the next green. “ Ought to make it with a drive and a putt, eh, caddy?” he said confi­ dently. Then he swung, lifted a clubful of sod, and dribbled the ball forward a couple of feet. The obliging caddy stepped forward and handed the golfer a putter. “ Left yourself one helluva putt, didn’t you.” he remarked. TORO SPARTAN GANG MOWER Toro’s Spartan' 7gang mower gives you more cutting time, by reducing your adjustment time up to 75%. A single knob adjusts the bedknife to the reel, easily, without tools. In­ creased structural rigidity allows it to hold the adjustment longer, and lowers maintenance costs. Made with a 7 blade reel for semiformal and formal turf, the Spartan adjusts from Va inch to 2 inches. New 5-blade reel for golf roughs. And new 9-blade reel for Bent and Bermuda Fairways, and other fine turf areas, make the Spartan even more versatile. Changeable wheels meet varying traction and transport needs. See the Spartan 7 at: C.E. ANDERSON COMPANY 23455 TELEGRAPH ROAD SOUTHFIELD, MICHIGAN 48075 (313) 353-5300 7 Jan and Clem Wolfrom enjoying the music. Chairman Earl Prieskom and his wife, Jean. Christm Earl Prieskom and his wife, Jean, have once again given us a Christmas Party to remember. Over 130 people attended our Christmas Party on Dec. 3rd at Edgewood Country Club. The evening started with cocktails and hot hors d’oeuvres, followed by a delicious meal. Dining and dancing music played through the evening with a large number of couples enjoying the dancing. Gift certificates were given to Mary Gill, wife of Gerry Gill, Superintendent o f Tam O’Shanter, in appreciation for her work as the wife o f the Secretary- Treasurer for the past two years, and to Jean Prieskom for all of her work running the Christmas Parties all these years. Thanks to two great girls. The highlight of the evening was the Remember the Bunny Hop? enjoying the dancing. 8 las Party introduction o f three special guests. We invited the widows of seven o f our past members. Three o f them were able to be with us. It always gives us a great deal o f pleasure to have these women with us on this occasion. This year the three were: Mrs. John Gray from Canada, Mrs. Bill Buettner, and Mrs. George Prieskom. We are all so that they could make it to spend an evening with old friends. President Ted Woehrle presented a handsome wall plaque to the immediate Past President, Ward Swanson, for his hard work and loyalty to the associa­ tion during his two years in office as president. Sprinkler Supply Brochure Rate Card for Design and Layout Service Complete Rain^B ird Catalogue and Price List BLS WHOLESALE Lor Underground Sprinkler Supplies hires ■ Controls-Pipe ■ Eittings 3 8 9 0 W. 1 1 M I L E R O A D B E R K L E Y , M I C H I G A N 4 8 0 7 2 ( D E T R O I T ) 3 1 3 - 5 4 3 - 7 7 3 0 ARE YOU INTERESTED IN JOINING THE MICHIGAN AND BORDER CITIES GOLF COURSE SUPERINTENDENTS ASSOCIATION? Fill iii the questionaire below and mail to: ALBERT KALTZ Maple Lane Golf Club Sterling Heights, Mich, 48077 Phone: Off. 268-2130, Res. 463-2892 NAME OF IN TE R E S TE D PERSON D ATE __________________ MAILING A D DR ESS____________________________________________________________ C I T Y _____________________________ S T A T E _________________ Z I P ________________ Or you may contact the next golf course supplier that calls on you and give him the information needed for application. IBDU AS A NITROGEN SOURCE by W.H. D A N IE L, T u rf S p ecialist, Dept, o f Agronomy, Purdue U n ive rsity Isobutylidene di urea is a chemical compound with the incorporation of nitrogen into the large molecule which deteriorates very slowly by hydrolysis or solution. As such it gives a slow solubility (about the same as gypsum). The solution around the particle regu­ lates the deterioration o f the particle; thus, if there is much water and much irrigation more material may move into solution. However this is a very slow process. Because o f this perimeter solution effect, IBDU can be made into varying size particles - the larger the particle the longer the supply will last within that particle. Sizes have varied from fine dusts up to .4” , or 1 cm in dia­ meter, or 1 gram in weight. It is quite possible that additional resistance could be achieved by even larger parti­ cles for trees, for forests, or shrubs, etc. The product, patented in Japan and licensed to Swift and Company o f the U.S., was priced competitively to other slow release cources such as Milor- ganite, or Urea. It is 31% nitrogen as normally produced. The most available form has been the particle size .7 to 2.0 mm, about standard size for gran­ ular fertilizing. Such sizes seem to last about one year in deterioration so that annual applications may be useful. We have made repeat applications on turf areas, recorded color, and re­ corded clippings. Approximately 5 lbs. nitrogen per year seems adequate. We have used up to 18 lbs. in one appli­ cation on the surface, and up to 20 lbs. in one application mixed into the rootzone. IBDU does permit the manager to store nitrogen on site. It is different from the large molecule o f Ureaform, which deteriorates by bacterial action; thus is quite regulated by warm tem­ perature and higher moistures. i l As with Ureaform fertilizer contain­ ing more than 50% IBDU particularly in the coarser fraction should be an­ other tool in the long term maintenance of fine turf areas. Presented at the Ohio T urf Conference, December, 1971. EDITOR’S NOTE Once again we would like to publish a list of suppliers who donated contri­ butions to our Christmas Party. Many thanks to these fine people. Agrico Chemical Company C. E. Anderson Company The Gunter Company Lake shore Equipment Supply Co. A. J. Miller, Inc. W. F. Miller Company Turf Supplies, Inc. Turfgrass, Inc. Lawn Equipment Corporation Acme Quality Paint Fairway Sales Company Hiram Godwin & Sons R. P. Klein & Sons Lubricating Engineering Michigan Turf Specialities National Chemsearch Terminal Sales Corporation USS Agri Chemical Company 0. M. Scotts Modern Research Corporation FOR THE LATEST& BEST CALL TURF SUPPLIES,inc 6900 PARDEE, TAYLOR, MICH. 48180 • Agrico Country Club Fertilizers • NEW DuPont Tersan 1991 (Benlate) • The 3 other Tersan Fungicides, plus Daconil 2787, Acti-Dione & Fore! • The Best in Bulk Grass Seeds • Weed Killers, Insecticides, Sprayers and 1 inch Hose. (313) 291-1200 PRESENTED AT OHIO TURF CONFERENCE, December 1971 EVALUATION OF KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS, FINE FESCUE AND RYEGRASS VARIETIES by ROBERT W. MILLER, Professor of Agronomy, Ohio State University and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center BLUEGRASS VARIETIES Kentucky Bluegrass Poa pratensis is the grass species most often used for turf in Ohio. The fine texture of the leaves along with the capacity to produce numerous shoots and rhizomes makes this grass well suited for use in home lawns, golf course fairways and tees, and recreational establishments such as parks and play­ grounds. cemeteries, When many people hear the word Kentucky bluegrass they think only of common Kentucky bluegrass. In the past connom Kentucky bluegrass seed was harvested from long established fields in Kentucky, southern Indiana, the Dakotas and some other locations. These fields consisted of plant popu­ lations made up of Kentucky bluegrass of many types. In reality this seed was a mixture of several “ strains” . In this complex blend of strains there existed some plants adapted to a wide range of conditions. In recent years many selec­ tions have proven to be no better, and in to common Kentucky bluegrass. Yet, many are good seed producers. Because o f this, the seed is harvested and sold as common Kentucky bluegrass. Imported some cases inferior seed of unknown genetic makeup also is abundant on the market. Today the chances of purchasing what we once knew as common Kentucky bluegrass are slim unless the seed is known to come from old established fields. develop infestations Some varieties of Kentucky blue­ grass have become well-known. In 1936 MERION was selected from common Kentucky bluegrass growing at the Merion Golf Club near Philadelphia. Research in Ohio has shown Merion to be superior to common Kentucky blue­ grass. It is resistant to the leaf spot disease but susceptible to rust and and stripe smut. In many cases stripe smut thatch. Merion will withstand closer mowing than some of the other Kentucky blue- grasses. If managed properly it will produce a beautiful, dense sod until stripe smut becomes a problem. It has performed better in northern than in southern Ohio. WINDSOR is a selection made in Ohio from an old common Kentucky bluegrass stand. It is similar in ap­ pearance and has performed about the same as Merion in research conducted at Columbus and Ripley, Ohio. As with Merion, stripe smut infestations may become a serious problem in Windsor No synthetically produced fertilizer can compare with M/LORGANITE Golf Courses Use More MILORGANITE- Than Any Other Fertilizer TERMINAL SALES CORR 12871 EATON AVE. DETROIT, MICH. 48227 (313) 491 -0606 12 SISCO SALESMEN at your SERVICE DON VOS has worked w ith pumps and piping systems for the past seven years. H is experience can be valuable to you. Autom atic irrig a tio n is his s p e c ia lity for any tu rf grass area. Don tra ve ls the Western part of M ichigan and w ill gladly stop by your course. C a ll Kalamazoo 616-381-0506. Sprinkler Irrigation Supply Company, Division of A. J. Miller, Inc., 1316 N. Campbell Rd., Royal Oak, Mich. 48067, (313) 548-7272 Chicaqo (3121 629-7730, Kalamazoo (616) 381-0506, Columbus, Ohio (614) 888-1782 C * , é / E N G I N E E R E D R A I N turf. Windsor also is somewhat sus­ ceptible to the helminthosporium di­ seases. Windsor will do well under closer mowing and recover quicker from damage than some other Kentucky bluegrasses. been outstanding A-20 is available only as sod. It has in research conducted at Wooster, Ohio. A-20 has been resistant to diseases and has produced a dense turf free from weeds. Injured areas heal quickly making it well adapted for use on golf tees, football fard used areas. fields and other PENNSTAR was developed at The Pennsylvania State University and has been evaluated under research condi­ tions for several years at various stations throughout the United States. Seed was first available in 1970. It has excellent disease resistance and pro­ duces a tight weedfree sod. Pennstar shows promise for use in golf tees and fairways, home lawns, and other turf- 13 KEN BLUE grass areas where bluegrass is wanted. is a name given to a mixture of seed lots harvested from several natural bluegrass stands grown in Kentucky. It is resistant to stripe smut but susceptible to the helminthos­ porium diseases. The best use for this variety is in areas under a medium level of management. To be continued in the February issue of ‘The Patch of Green*. GOLF COURSE CHEMICALS Donald Benham NATIONAL CHEMSEARCH C0RP. 5589 Abington Road Birmingham, Michigan 626-1111 FROM ONE OF OUR PEDDLERS . . . Gene from TURFGRASS ‘Tis now in the New Year, and all ’round Turfgrass, We’re thinking of things that will help you grow grass Your tools are all hung in the building with care, They’re stored for the winter . . . All’ s quiet in there. You greens are all nestled, protected with care With the hopes of the spring, when the players are there. Your fairways made ready for wintery snow, With hopes for the spring when your grass starts to grow. Then there in the shed there arose such a clatter, You ran in the door to see what was the matter. Then on what did your wondering wide eye adjust? But your old Cyclone spreader all covered with rust. If your spreader is rusty, you’d better beware, Try a stainless steel Cyclone for much longer wear. We have a good driver so lively and quick, Who is happy to deliver whichever you pick. More rapid than eagles I’ll ask what you need. Ball washers, flags, poles, cups, or grass seed? Fungicides, chemicals, fertilizer too!!!!! DuPonts fine products delivered to you. You know in a twinkling we’ll load up our van, And deliver your goods just as fast as we can. We won’t be in fur from our head to our foot, And our clothes won’t be covered with ashes and soot. A bundle of toys we won’t have on our back, To look like a peddler just opening a sack. But an eye might just twinkle, a smile be sincere In the hopes that we might be of service this year. We may speak a word as we go ’bout our duty, But not filling stocking ’ cause that sounds too “ fruity” . But our hope is that we may sincerely help you, To be of some service whatever we do. So we shall exclaim as we drive out of sight, May your New Year be happy and everything right. Many Man walk together, may Peace come to pass, And lastly, BY CRACKY!!! MAY GREEN GROW YOUR GRASS!!! CALL LAKESHORE COLLECT (216) 651-1600 FOR ALL YOUR TURFGRASS SUPPLIES - QUOTATIONS ON REQUEST - - CHECK OUR PRICES ■ LAKESHORE EQUIPMENT & SU P P L Y CO. 10237 B E R E A R O A D C L E V E L A N D , O H I O 4 4 1 0 2 YOU’RE ENTITLED TO THE BEST (You’ll get it - and more!) HERB CARSON AMERICAN RESEARCH CORP. 11840 MAYFIELD AVE. L IV O N IA , MICHIGAN 48150 (313) 522-2400 - EXT. 2401/2402 14 T R ii PIVI A S T IE R THE LABOR-SAVER THE TRAPMASTER TRAP RAKE DOES THE WORK OF 3 OR 4 MEN. CALL F O R (3 1 3 ) A D E M O N S T R A T IO N 398 -LESS THAN 3 FT. TURNING RADIUS. -ALL FOUR WHEELS DRIVE. -8H.P. BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINE. -500 LBS. IN WEIGHT. -5 FT. FULL-FLEX RAKE. 15 LAWN EQUIPMENT CORPORATION 520 WEST 11 MILE ROAD ROYAL OAK, MICHIGAN 48068 Simplicity HORSEPOWER MATCHED TO THE SIZE OF THE JOB. 7 hp, 28," Two-Stage 6 hp, 26." Two-Stage 5 hp, 24" Two-Stage 4 hp, 21” Single-Stage Long-life traction drive. Starts easily. Simple to store. Engine reliability. Exclusive Touch-O-Matic clutch. Anti-clog design. Cleans hard or gravel surfaces. Handles with minimum effort. Snow can’t pack inside auger. 1593 S. WOODWARD AVE. BIRMINGHAM, MICHIGAN 48011 f F MillerGARDEN AND LAWN EQUIPMENT COMPANY TELEPHONE: (313) 647-7700 "A Patch of Green” 31823 U T IC A R O AD P R A S E R , M IC H IG A N 48026 Dr. Jaiaer. 1!» Beard Department o f Crop S cietse Hloitigan St» te U nlverei t, Baet Icsneing, Mich. 488