Non-governmental organizations and environmental policy in Botswana : opposition or collaboration?

This paper is one of several prepared as part of the Global Environmental Change Open University (GECOU) Project which is aimed at investigating why NGOs are influential in the development of certain policies relating to global environmental issues. The paper argues that NGO influence via the collaborative, entrist route is unlikely to be effective in Botswana, whereas oppositional strategies may work, at least from time to time, since there is accountability through multi-party elections and internal plurality of power centres.