We critically examine current HIV/AIDS research practices to argue for a reorientation toward participatory action research (PAR) for a more effective prevention of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Botswana. This position is based on the fact that, there being no known cure for AIDS, prevention remains the most viable approach to the disease. Unlike traditional (academic) research which mainly aims to generate knowledge, often for knowledge sake, PAR integrates policy formulation and change as part of its agenda. Also, through its ability to draw community members to the total research process, the approach is capable of creating a sense of ownership of and responsibility over research knowledge and programmes of action emanating from it on the part of community members. These, in our view, are essential for the successful prevention of HIV/AIDS through changes in attitudes toward and in the practice of sex.
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