Even at 3 in the morning... commuter service every 2 minutes Urban planners figure the only way to solve the big-city traffic jams is to develop some method of mass transit that will be so frequent, so fast, so convenient that people will turn to it as their No. 1 choice, as they did years ago. The key to this kind of rider convenience is a computer-controlled system. Westinghouse has developed such a system. It is called the Transit Expressway. It looks so promising the government has approved a demonstration project near Pittsburgh, through the Fort Authority of Allegheny County. The system uses its own private roadway. Silent, rubber-tired, comfortable vehicles will operate on the two-minute schedule, day and night. A computer will schedule as man) as 12 of these cars together into a train during peak periods. You can be sure... if it's Westinghouse. For information on a career at Westinghouse, an equal opportunity employer, write to L. H. Noggle, Westinghouse Educational Dept., Pittsburgh 21, Pa. If I join Every man with any job hunting experience knows not to ask that question. And yet, we think it has some validity. After all, a man's growth can depend as much on the company he works for as the company's growth the Timken depends on the man (remember, there are no statues to committees). So to invest in your growth, and ours, every young graduate engineer who joins the Timken Company spends from one to four years in one of Company 22 individualized training programs. Extensive training after Instruction takes place on the job and in training sessions. Later there are executive development programs at leading universities. graduation, But don't misunderstand us. The Timken Company is not a graduate school. With us, you earn as you learn. As one of our engineers, you'll learn much of what we know about tapered what roller bearings, or fine alloy steel, and their infinite applications. Hopefully, you'll teach us something, too. You can be an indoor-type working on straight application engineering, will they do research, testing and production. Or you can be an indoor-outdoor-type and work in sales engineering. It doesn't matter—choice of assignment is for me? up to you. Challenging assignments If you choose the latter group, you'll work in automotive, industrial, and railway bearing sales—or steel sales—helping customers solve their engineering problems, which are also ours. Some of our recent efforts: bearing engineering for a telephone cable-laying ship now crossing the Pacific, the Alweg Monorail, the world's tallest crane and biggest strip mining shovel, Craig Breedlove's Spirit of America, a moveable grandstand for the new District of Columbia stadium. Steel prob- lem solving for Atlas missile silos. Project Mohole, the latest Kaman Heli- copters, a 400-foot crane boom and hundreds of automotive gear and die applications. We won't forget you Advancement is not restricted to one department or division. A steel sales engineer may be transferred to automotive sales and from there to Inter- national. Whatever your job, we'll never forget where we've put you. This is one of the advantages of working for a company that is the world's largest producer of tapered roller bearings and a foremost producer of seamless steel tubing, but is not the world's largest corporation. We employ about 20,000. The Timken Company has three products: Bearings, Steel, Rock Bits. Uses for these products number in the growing thousands. And there is always something new stirring. The dramatic switch of the nation's railroad freight cars to roller bearings, a field we pioneered, is an example. An international company There are 31 Timken Company sales offices in the United States and Canada. Practical!) every major city has one. We serve markets in 119 countries from 14 manufacturing plants located in Australia. Brazil. Canada, England, France, South Africa and the U.S. And we're still growing strong. If you are. too. we'd like to hear from you. Write to Department MC for Career booklet. An equal opportunity employer. Involvement is what you are offered at want the man who can come to grips Collins. A chance to work on projects with a problem and solve it. Sometimes you can get your teeth into. A chance alone. Using his knowledge, his initia- to work with some of the best engineers tive, his imagination, his creative talent. in the business. A chance to learn, to de- The scope of our work—Data Process- velop your talent and ability with guid- ing, Space Communications, Avionics, ance from experienced, creative profes- Microwave, Antenna Systems and HF, sionals. VHF and UHF communication—offers This involvement is demanding—but graduates of this caliber every opportun- we are looking for the graduate who ity for growth, involvement, job satisfac- won't settle for anything less...who won't tion. be satisfied unless he puts something of himself into everything he does. We Contact your college placement office for full information. Spartan Engineer Volume 17 NO. 2 January, 1964 11 EDITORIAL 15 FROM PHEND 17 FACULTY REVUE 19 A BEAM OF LIGHT 25 FUDGE FACTORS 32 MISS ENGINEER 39 THE COMPUTER INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 40 ENGINEERING 101 42 EDDIE AND ANNIE WERE LOVERS 43 CROSSWORD ANSWER 48 GREAT MOMEMTS IN MICHIGAN STATE ENGINEERING 51 SIDE TRACKED 55 ADVERTISERS* INDEX ING HILL COL. / TROY STATE / TUSKEGE 5OL. OF **XJA HOOL RIC TON U. iORGIA FOUR- / MAC MURRAY /. H ( MUI ' . • • • • ipl JS ' >M;s HERN ILLINOIS U / U. OF ILU- SIS / BALL STATE / BUTLER U. / DE PAUW U. / HANOVER COL. f INDIANA O. / »OLY ST. . / STATE U. OF IOWA / UPPER IOWA U. / WARTBURG COL. / BAKER U. / BETHANY COL. / COL, OF EMPORIA STATE rTOTT ISAS STATE TEACHERS / KANSAS STATE U. f V F WICHITA U. / ST. BENEDICTS / ST. MARY'S COL. (XAVIER) / SOUTHWESTERN COL. / STERLING COL. / U. < N KEN- WA8HBURN Li. / CI-NTRE COL. OF KENTUCKY / GEORGETOWN COL. / U. OF KENTUCKY / U. OF V1ORTH- TUCKY STATE / EASTERN KENTUCKY STATE / CENTENARY COL. / DILLARD U. / LOUISIANA POL^ JOHNS HJTHWESTE — "" ~ " —" '" VARD H O P K I N S / U S NAVAL ACADEMY / U. OF MA LOWB1 I / MIT / NORTHEASTERN U. , MICHIGAN N MIC" FROM 412 ACCREDITED COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES (IN 48 STATES AND 8 FOREIGN COUNTRIES) f?N__ YORK U. CUSE/I U, OF t~ ANTIOCH G COL HIRAM C SERLIN OHIO NORTHERN / OHIO STATE / OHIO ON/U. OLEDO / WESTERN RESERVE / WILMINGTi NTRAL TERN LAl, :LAHC LLIPS U. / SOUTHWESTERN STATE; *?K COL., ~. *.. . . - : - /FRANKLIN & MARSHALL COL. / GANNON COL, / GETTYSBURG < LAFAV- ETTE COL. / LA SALLE COL. / LEBANON VALLEY COL. / LEHIGH / MORAVIAN COL. / PENN ST^ TEMPLE U /U / VILLANOVA / WASHINGTON & JEFFERSON . / WES' MINSTER COL. / BROWN U. / U. OF RHC ISLAND / THE CITADEL / CLEMSON / U. OF SOL STAWA HOOL OF MINES / SOUTH DAKOTA ST KOTAVEAST TENNESSEE STATE / GEORGE PEABODY COL. FOR TEACHERS / LINCOLN MEMORIAL XS',1 Ml SSEE POLV ABILENE CHR> iN-SIMMONS HOWARD PAYNE COL. / LAMAR STATE / NORTH TEXAS STATE / OUR LADY OF LAKE C O t , >Y'S OF SAN ANTONIO / SOUTHERN METHODIST / SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE / T E X A S A & M / T E X A S CHfii •gXAS TECH i U . / T R I N I T Y U . / U . OF HOUSTON / U. OF ST. T H O M A S / U. OF TEXA" E / 8R1SHAM YOUNG / U. OF UTAH / UTAH STATE / NORWICH U. / U. OF VERMONT / WILLIAM & MARY / . 5F VIRGINIA VIRGINIA POLY / WASHINGTON & LEE / EASTERN WASHINGTON STATE / QONZAGA U. / PA T L E PACIFKT IINGTON STATE / WHITMAN COL. / DAVIS & ELKM^ .TATE / MAR IA U. UM iRQUETTE iMING / 0U. 1 • QUEEN'S / C U. OF LONDON -• -8AMA HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW SANDIA? • Sandia is a prime contractor of the Atomic Energy Com- • Sandia as a subsidiary of the Bell System draws upon the mission with laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico, technical and industrial know-how of Western Electric, the and Livermore, California. Bell Telephone Laboratories, and other organizations with- • Sandia is engaged in research and development on in the System. ordnance phases of nuclear weapon design. Albuquerque, New Mexico, a cultural center of 250,000, is • Sandia scientists and engineers are doing related work sunny and dry with year-round recreational opportunities. in fields such as solid state physics, plasma physics, mate- The University of New Mexico is located here. rials research, explosives technology, pulse phenomena, Livermore, California, offers the unlimited advantages of radiation damage, systems and component design, and test and development. living in the San Francisco Bay area. If you are graduating with outstanding scholastic achieve- • Our $140 million laboratory offers the latest in scientific ment in engineering or the physical sciences, the Sandia equipment. Corporation would like to arrange an interview. CORPORATION A L B U Q U E R Q U E . NEW MEXICO UtVERMORE. C A L I F O R N I A • The Sandia representative will be on campus Feb. 19, 20, 21. Spartan Engine" LINDE Assignment: Develop a new surgical tool to freeze tissue... ics, biochemistry, crystallography. Be- T hat was the goal of Union Car- bide's Linde Division. The result: fully automatic cryo- surgery equipment that is easy to nitrogen to cool the probe which freezes the appropriate tissue. Because of its extensive experience and capabilities in cryogenic systems, fore deciding on any job, get to know all that's goingon at LINDE. For information, write Recruiting operate and maintains preselected LINDE was called upon to develop and Department, Union Carbide Corpora- temperatures reliably. It's been used produce the needed cryosurgical de- tion, Linde Division, 270 Park Avenue, in a number of hospitals, here and vice—a precision surgical probe and a New York, N. Y. 10017. aboard, for treating the symptoms of complete system capable of furnishing Parkinsonism and other involuntary controlled cold to the probe. movement disorders. Designated the CE-2 Cryosurgery Back in 1961, a new cryosurgery Equipment, and shown above, it per- technique, developed at St. Barnabas mits using the ultra-low temperature of Hosp,tal (N. Y.) under the direction of liquid nitrogen (— 320°F.) as a surgi- Dr.I.S.Cooper,was announced to the cal tool in a practical operating range medical profession. of 98° to —240° F. In brief, this surgical procedure in- Work with LINDE and you work with heat, cold, pressure, vacuum. You have volves making a small burr hole in a patients skull; directing a probe into a choice among programs in cryogen- the thalamic target; and using liquid ics, plasmas, Flame-Plating, electron- COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING and JETS ANNUAL ENGINEERING EXPOSITION and CONFERENCE will be held at MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY East Lansing, Mich. MAY 15-16, 1964 United States, and 12 subsidiariesand affiliatesin Canada The scope of projects under development at the Bendix Corporation ranges from advanced oceanics to a landing and overseas. Our 1950 sales volume was $210 million. gear for lunar surface vehicles and countless things in Last year it was over $750 million. between. College graduates find depth of technological Look over our materials in your placement office. Talk challenge in their assignments, whether it be in the space, to our representative when he's on campus. If you'd like missile, aviation, electronics, automotive, oceanics or to have your own copy of our booklet "Build Your Career automation fields. Bendix employs top-notch engineers, to Suit Your Talents," write to Dr. A. C. Canfield, Director Physicists, and mathematicians at all degree levels. They of University and Scientific Relations, The Bendix Cor- en poration, Fisher Building, Detroit 2, Michigan. An equal ioy the prestige of Bendix achievement and challenge. Bendix operates 26 divisions and 8 subsidiaries in the opportunity employer. iNniANA. MICHIGAN, PENNSYLVANIA, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, MARYLAND. THERE ARE BENDIX DIVISIONS I N : CALIFORNIA, MISSOURI, IOWA, OHIO, Yep, I'm one of those guys too! This is the phase of the term during which many of us have a strong desire to relax and ride along. We are not threatened with many Jests and we have not learned enough to prompt extra study hours. This attitude will lead to failure. Even if the instructor has no formal tests to give you, it is a wise man who pre- pares his own. Through the use of these "personal tests," the student will quickly realize the large amount of knowledge that has already been presented and will begin an awareness of how much has passed him by. Perhaps we have not learned enough! The usual course of students is to relax now and wait for mid-terms. When they come, he feels he does not know anything anyway, so why study? Having done rather poorly on the mid-term exams, he begins an all-night effort to catch up. This lasts one night. He promptly lapses into the phase of not worrying. When the finals appear, he once again does poorly and sometimes flunks the course. Why follow this sorry course of events and attitude? Now is the time to put in the extra hours so that when the exams come up, you have a firm base of knowledge from which to work. This constant effort will surely lead to the " B " which is dreamed of or even to the " A " which is forgotten. John B. Locke One possible assignment: participate in the advanced development program to produce the environmental control system for the Lunar Excursion Module. Utilize your training in: heat transfer fluid dynamics thermodynamics atmospheric supply for control dynamics human life (flow, temperature, contamination control for pressure) human life to develop a regenerable system to provide for life sup- port on long-duration space flights. Other ECS activities: optimization of atmospheric stor- age methods • development of pressure control con- cepts for two-gas atmosphere • testing of catalytic oxidizers as a method of eliminating atmospheric con- taminants • reclamation systems for water and oxygen • fabrication and testing of heat exchangers, water boilers, etc., under manned spacecraft conditions. This could be the start of something... BIG! If you are completing you BS or MS degree in EE, ME or engaged in research projects in avionics, space navigation and physics, AC-Milwaukee's "Career Acceleration Program" is inertial instrument development. This laboratory works from the perfect way to launch an exciting career...and keep it theory to prototype, advancing the state of the art in navigation moving! You will work on important inertial guidance and and guidance. navigational system projects for Titan II and III, the Apollo LOS ANGELES—Advanced Concepts Research and Develop- Navigation-Guidance System, B-52C&D Bombing-Navigation ment On-the-Job Training Program—AC'S Los Angeles Labora- Systems and other guidance and navigation projects for space tory is occupied with advanced guidance research for space vehicles, missiles and aircraft. vehicles and ballistic missiles, plus research and development In AC's "Career Acceleration Program," you will spend one in special purpose digital computers. hour daily in formal class work, the remaining seven hours on For further information on AC'S "Career Acceleration Pro- a specific project. Courses incclude: ADVANCED THERMO- gram," contact your placement office or write Mr. G. F. Raasch, DYNAMICS,INTRERNALINSTRUMENTS, DIGITAL COMPUTERS, Director of Scientific & Professional Employment, Dept. 5753, GUIDANCE EQUATIONS, BASIC ASTRONOMY, TELEMETRY AC Spark Plug Division, General Motors Corporation, Milwaukee and DATA ANALYSIS, plus mathematics and undergraduate 1, Wisconsin. disciplines, as required. PhDs, please note: Positions are available in all three AC In addition, AC-milwaukee's Tuition Refund Plan enables you locations for PhDs, depending on concentration of study and to improve your skills through additional education. You will be area of interest. You are invited to contact Mr. Raasch for reinmursed for all tuition costs on satisfactorily completing further information. college-level course of study w h e n u n d e r t a k e n voluntarily. AC also offers an "in-plant" e v e n i n g educational p r o g r a m for additional technical i m p r o v e m e n t . Positions also exist for recent gradautes at AC's two advanced concepts laboratories: Boston-Advanced Concepts Research a n d Development on-the-jobTrainingProgram-AC's Boston Laboratory is Come in-and bring your career questions "Giving you the answers" is the job of the important to you. And remember, the more Allied Chemical campus interviewer, He will definite your questions, the more career help be here, on your campus, soon. He would like he can give you. Your placement office can to talk with you—to answer your questions— tell you when he will arrive-and supply you to help you get the facts you need to make with a copy of "Your Future in Allied a sound career decision. When you see him, Chemical." Allied Chemical Corporation, feel free to ask him all the questions that are Dept. 100, 61 Broadway, New York 6, N. Y. DIVISIONS: BARRETT • FIBERS • GENERAL CHEMICAL • INTERNATIONAL < One of the greatest experiences one can have is to feel his thoughts flowing through channels of logic and grasping an idea, or with sudden insight, overrunning the defenses of a problem. To find order in a seemingly heterogeneous mixture of ideas is of exceptional value to the mind which appreciates the beauty of logic. It is an experience which a mature person will seek again and again, for he understands that each time it is felt he will mature even more. It is a rewarding experience because his mind has felt the impact of truth, and he understands this truth because the reasoning of his mind has established it. Reason was given us in order to discover truth. The discovery of truth alone would seem to be sufficient motivation for the use of reason, but it is not the only reward. The greater reward is the feeling of satisfaction that comes only when a man uses his abilities to overcome a challenge that is before him. Some men spend the greater part of their lives searching for this particular reward. No one who has ever found this satisfaction will wait long before seeking it again, per- haps under new circumstances. When insight comes to a person, he understands what confronts him and what he must do about it. Often a sudden order and organization of thoughts will follow laborious moments of trial and error. The electrical engineer who envisions the design of a system is not so far removed from the freshman who discovers how to work a math problem. Each has to apply his abilities to the situation, and each feels the satisfaction of accomplishment. Once insight comes to a man, however briefly, and he senses truth, he feels the need to pursue it. He becomes an individual searching for truth, first because he understands that he has the ability to find it, and second because he senses that when he does find it he will receive personal satisfaction. One who gains nothing from the university other than the experience of feeling his thoughts fall together in a logical order is a highly educated person. could stand the punishment dished out to parts and THE 100 000-MILE components hour after hour, mile after mile. Brakes, ENGINEERING TEST engines, transmissions, ignition systems—every single part a pawn in a grim game of truth or consequence, THAT SET OVER 100 with total product quality the stake. And they all came through hands down! NEW WORLD RECORDS Now that it's over and in the record books, what does it mean? New proof of Ford-built stamina and dura- It began September 21 in Florida, when a team of four bility! New evidence that Ford-built means better built! 1964 Comets, specially equipped and prepared for Yes—and more, it is a direct reflection of the confidence high-speed driving, set out to do the equivalent of four and creative know-how, the spirit and spunk of Ford earth orbits at Daytona International Speedway—100,000 Motor Company's engineering, styling and manufac- miles at speeds well over 100 miles an hour, round turing team—men who find rewarding adventure in the clock for 40 days, through weather fair and foul. technical breakthroughs. They did it, all four of them, and they made history! More proof of the exciting things that happen at Ford They did it in the full glare of publicity. In semi-tropical Motor Company to bring brighter ideas and better- heat. In the teeth of torrential squalls that fringed two built cars to the American Road. hurricanes. Including time out for refueling and mainte- *World Unlimited and Class C records, subject to FIA approval nance, the lead car averaged over 108 miles an hour, toppling over 100 national and world records!* For all practical purposes this was an engineering trial —the most grueling test of staying power and durability ever demanded of a new car. Only near perfection FACULTY REVUE This issue brings us another of promoted to Professor of Elec- Koenig and Blackwell developed the men responsible for creating trical Engineering at Michigan the concepts and methods needed MSU s well-known Pilot Pro- State University. to formulate mathematical mod- gram: Dr. Herman E. Koenig, In addition to his teaching and els of these many types of sy- former chairman of the cur- research activities, Dr. Koenig stems from the component mo- riculum committee. served as a consultant with Re- dels and their interconnections. Dr. Koenig began his career in liance Electric and Engineering In addition to this work, Dr. E.E. as a n un dergraduate at the Company from 1952 to 1956 and is Koenig helped establish a new Universityh aof Illinois in 1944. By currently a consultant for Leer- curriculum, Systems Engineer- 1953, he d received his B.S., Sigler Co. ing, in the Department of Elec- spent a year w i t h D e l c o P r o d - Dr. Koenig's interests are di- trical Engineering at MSU. In ucts, Division of General Motors, rected primarily in the area of the Pilot Program, he chaired and earned his M.S.andhisPh.D. the design and synthesis of phys- the committee which integrated in electrical Engineering at the ical systems. In this area he has such traditional courses as elec- University of I l l i n o i s . As a r e - written many technical articles trical machinery, electrical net- sult of his Ph.D. thesis and early and (with Professor W. A. Black- w o r k s , statics and dynamics, w a s invited to control systems, and electronic research join the work he "Energy Conve well) a book, "Electro-mechan- rsion ical Systems Theory," McGraw- circuits into a unified discipline Program" at Massachusetts In- Hill Book Company, Inc., 1961. designed to give the undergrad- stitute of Technology (1954-55) This book presents a concept uate electrical engineering stu- He trturned to I l l i n o i s a s an which is applicable to all kinds dent a background in the general Assistant Professor for two of physical systems made up of area of physical systems. The results of these programs years, before a c c e p t i n S a n ap- discrete components, not only have added to a growing interest pointment as Associate Profes- electrical and electronic, but also sor of Electrical Engineering hydraulic and mechanical, stratic in new developments in engineer- at ing education. MSU.In1959,Dr. Koenig was structures, and others. Doctors A BEAM OF LIGHT By John B. Locke Conceive a beam of light. Aim tion). Let us begin with a review it will jump to one higher energy a flash of it at an attacking mis- of some related physics and the level, thereby moving to the next sile and destroy it with the speed quantum theory. orbit away from the nucleus. of light. Aim it at a person and All matter is made of atoms. Also, following the spontaneous An atom consists of a nucleus emission of a photon, the elec- perform delicate surgery. Focus tron will move one orbit closer this beam at a receiver far away and electrons in orbit about it. and transmit many times the According to the quantum theory, to the nucleus due to the lower- world's need of telephone, T.V. the orbits or energy levels may ing of the potential energy level and radio messages exist only at specific distances of the electron. You have conceived a laser. from the nucleus, with none be- In certain substances, another Dr. Herbert Trotter Jr., Chair- tween. The farther out the orbit phenomenon is possible which is manoftheboard ofof General Tel- appears, the higher the energy the basis for the laser. An elec- ephone and E l e c tronics Labora- level of the electron and the tron may exist in a semi-stable tories, Inc., of N e w Y o r k , dem- closer to the nucleus, the smaller level, such that when a photon of onstrated and explained the op- the amount of energy. radiation of exactly the right eration and practical applications An e l e c t r o n must absorb frequency triggers the electron, of the laser (rhymes with razor) energy before it may move to a it can cause it to fall to a lower to a symposium of MSU electrical higher level, and, in reverse, the level, thereby emitting a photon engineering graduate students electron will radiate energy when of radiation identical to, and in and faculty members. it falls to a lower orbit. In mov- phase with, the one that stimu- With the use of Dr ing to a lower level, an electron lated the emission. Actually, this - Tetter's is an amplification or doubling information, we shall Partake a will radiate one photon of radia- detailed explanation of the ruby tion, which is exactly equal to the of the photon radiation energy. laser (light amplification by energy the electron loses. Thus, stimulated emission of radia- if an electron absorbs a photon, A ruby cystal laser, the com- result is a very high energy light ulation of a laser have all been monest, utilizes all of these prin- pulse output. achieved at General Telephone ciples. A ruby rod is enclosed Dr. Trotter also explained the a n d Electronics Laboratories, by a xenon flash tube. When ac- nature of coherent light which, in tivated, the flash tube sends en- Inc. These methods of modula- essence, is what the laser was tion enable the laser beam to be ergy into the ruby rod. Some of developed to produce. the chromium atoms within the used as a carrier wave to trans- rod absorb some of this energy. Incoherent light of the type a mit messages. (See figures) An electron of one of these atoms l i g h t bulb generates, can be The light waves given off by the absorbs a photon of radiation and broken down into a number of laser travel in almost parallel jumps to a higher level. Then, by rays or beams. According to the rays. By virtue of this, when a spontaneous emission, it falls quantum theory, radiation is a laser beam reached the moon, it down to a partially stable level, large number of individual pho- would have lost little energy and emitting some incoherent radia- tons which comprise a beam. be only a little more than a mile tion. A stimulation then causes Letting a "X" represent a pho- in diameter. With its ability to the electron to fall back to its ton of energy, we can illustrate carry huge amounts of informa- original level, emitting a coher- the nature of incoherent and co- tion, the laser makes terrestrial ent radiation of 6943 Angstrom herent light. communications a fantastic pos- units. The ends of the ruby rod In figure 2 we see a beam of sibility. are polished and partly reflect- incoherent light with the photons The beam from a ruby laser, ing, so that as the stimulating in a disarray and having no order lasting only one two-thousandth photon of radiation p a s s e s at all. Figure 3 represents a beam of a second, can produce a tem- through the rod it is amplified of coherent light with the photons perature of about 18,000 degrees to some very small extent and in phase and of the same number Fahrenheit upon a minute spot. then is reflected back through the in each row, which means the in- This means the beam might be rod to be amplified some more tensity and, therefore, the ampli- used to drill diamonds, strike ana and so on. Though the amplifica- tude of the light is constant. d e s t r o y e n e m y missiles ana tion may be very small on each It is easily seen, as Dr. Trotter planes, perform delicate sur- passage, the light is traveling pointed out, that to modulate in- gery, and greatly increase the back and forth with a speed of coherent light so it could carry precision of radar. 3 x 10 cm. per sec, or 186,000 messages, would be impossible. The possibilities for applica- miles per second. This means C o h e r e n t l i g h t such as the that, with respect to time, the tion of a laser are almost beyona laser's, however, can be mod- r e a l i z a t i o n . Research to find amplification becomes very great ulated in three different manners. in a very short period, and the them is rapidly advancing. Many Amplitude modulation, p h a s e of the devices heretofore science modulation, and frequency mod- fiction are now becoming reality. Progress takes many shapes in the Bell System. And among the shapers are young men, not unlike yourself, impatient to make things happen for their companies and themselves. There are few places where such restlessness is more wel- comed or rewarded than in the fast-growing phone business. ARE YOU INTERESTED I N . . . CONSTRUCTION... WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT... IN THE GEOGRAPHICAL AREA OF YOUR CHOICE WITH THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS DIVERSITY OF ACTIVITIES The Corps of Engineers embraces virtually the entire range of modern engineering in the construction field. Projects include research into basic science, engineering investigations and regional planning; design, construction, operations, maintenance, and management of hydro- electric power dams, flood control facilities, harbors and navigable streams; design, construction and maintenance of family housing, runways, hangars, roadways, hospitals, and nuclear power installations; and construction of intercontinental ballistic missile and space launch- ing sites. In addition are the allied fields of cartography, geodesy and engineer intelligence. OPPORTUNITY Opportunity is provided for progressive movement toward top positions for men with ability. You learn from top calibre professionals who have had many years of high quality experience. LOCATION Projects are located in every State and in many foreign countries. A CAREER NOT A JOB The Corps offers a well defined 18-month rotational training program for young graduate engineers covering all facets of the varied work program. This is followed by planned career development assignments. These assignments enable a young man to develop his special aptitudes in the engineering field. As he progresses, special attention is given to the development of managerial and executive abilities. ADVANCED EDUCATION AVAILABLE Attendance at special seminars, symposiums, and university courses and participation in professional societies and activities are encour- aged, and sponsored when possible. Fellowships for advanced study and awards for outstanding achievement are also available. Are you interested in a career in management? The key words are "career" and "management." The Bethlehem Loop Course is designed not to place a be given general plant training for a number of weeks; a man in a job, but to start a man on a career. Although we sales looper trains for a full year before he starts actual have a specific initial job assignment in mind for every selling. man we recruit for the Loop Course, that assignment is Think it over. It should be abundantly clear that we just the first step toward increasing levels of responsibility. have a big stake in our loopers. We do everything in our The Bethlehem Loop Course is designed to train men for power to assure that you make good progress—the rest management. We select men whom we feel have the po- is up to you. tential; we start them out with an intensive five weeks' If you are interested in a career in management with course that gives them a comprehensive knowledge of the one of the nation's largest and most dynamic industrial Company's operations; we follow this up with a training concerns, we urge you to read our booklet, "Careers with program at the facility or within the department to which Bethlehem Steel and the Loop Course." You can get a he is first assigned. A steel plant man, for instance, will copy at your Placement Office, or by sending a postcard to our Personnel Division, Bethlehem, Pa. FUDGE FACTORS The Most Complete Conversion Table Ever Compiled Our world-recognized trademark—"the P&WA eagle"—has been identified with progress in flight propulsion for almost four decades, spanning the evolution of power from yesterday's reciprocating engines to today's rockets. Tomorrow will find that same Pratt & Whitney Aircraft eagle carrying men and equipment to the moon and to even more distant reaches of outer space. Engineering achievement of this magnitude is directly traceable to our conviction that basic and applied research is essential to healthy progress. Today's engineers at Pratt & Whitney Aircraft accept no limiting criteria. They are moving ahead in many directions to advance our programs in energy conversion for every environment. Our progress on current programs is exciting, for it anticipates the challenges of tomorrow. We are working, for example, in such areas as advanced gas turbines . . . rocket engines . . . fuel cells . . . nuclear Power-all opening up new avenues of exploration in every field of aerospace, marine and industrial power application. ThebreadthofPratt & Whitney Aircraft programs requires virtually every tech- nicaltalent...requiresambitious young engineers and scientists who can con- tributetoouradvances of the state of the art. Your degree? It can be a B.S., M.S. orPh.D.in:MECHANICAL• AERONAUTICAL . ELECTRICAL . CHEMICAL and NUCLEARENGINEERING.PHYSICS . CHEMISTRY . METALLURGY • CE- RAMICS.MATHEMATICS . ENGINEERING SCIENCEor APPLIED MECHANICS. Career boundaries with use can be further extended through a corpo- ration-financedgraduateEducation Program. For further information regardingopportunitiesa t P r a t t & W n i t n e y Aircraft, consult your col- lege placement officer-or-write to Mr. William L. Stoner, Engineering Department, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, East Hartford 8, Connecticut. Delco Means Challenge to Ed Whittaker • Edward G. Whittaker, III received his BS Degree in Engineering Physics from Colorado University in January of 1963. Shortly there- after he joined the Research and Advanced De- velopment Group at Delco as a Physicist. As Ed puts it, "Believe me, it's a real chal- lenge for a guy fresh out of college to see an idea through from the development stage to the finished product. Here at Delco in my work on materials for new semiconductor devices the creative experiences are endless—and the at- mosphere seems to encourage your best efforts. As a college graduate, you too may find excit- ing and challenging opportunities in such pro- grams as the development of germanium and silicon devices, ferrites, solid state diffusion, creative packaging of semiconductor products, development of laboratory equipment, relia- bility techniques, and applications and manu- facturing engineering. If your interests and qualifications lie in any of these areas, you're invited to write for our brochure detailing the opportunities to share in forging the future of electronics with this outstanding Delco-GM team. Watch for Delco interview dates on your campus, or write to Mr. C. D. Longshore, Dept. 135A, Delco Radio Division, General Motors Corporation, Kokomo, Indiana. An equal opportunity employe' He's ready to answer your career questions about any or all of these outstanding organizations Their products range from chemicals to chemi- your Placement Director now to set up that cal fibers... from plastic bottles to nuclear interview when we visit your campus soon. sources. Their diverse activities create oppor- Or, write for our new brochure, "You And tunities in research, development, engineering, Monsanto," to Manager, Professional Recruit- manufacturing, and marketing. Yet, because ing, MONSANTO, St. Louis, Missouri 63166. each is an important member of the Monsanto corporate family, the Monsanto Professional Employment representative coming to your campus is fully prepared to give you complete facts on any or all of them . . . show you where you may fit in. You will have a better opportunity to learn moreaboutu s . . .in a single interview. See MISS ENGINEER Carol Crupi Photographed by: Mark Krastof TURBOPROP ENGINE FOR LIGHT AIRCRAFT This 600 horsepower turboprop engine is designed to power the new generation of o f light, fixed wing aircraftforbothcivilandmilitaryapplications.TheGarrett-AiResearchTPE-331ha fuelconsumptionof.62poundpershafthorsepower-hour,anda weight to power ratio of .45 pound per horsepower. the engine has a response rate from flight idle to full power of approximately 1/3 of a second. A military version has been designed the T76 by the U.S. Navy. Designed specifically as a prime power plant, the model 331 is backed by the company's experience in producing over 10,000 gas turbine engines. The model 331 engine is programmed for additional performance growth. The turboshaf version (TSE-331) has been flight tested as a power plant in rotary wing and vertical lift vehicles. Forfurtherinformation about manyinterestingprojectareasandcareer opportunities at The GarrettCorporation,writetoMr.G.D.Bradleyat 9851 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Los Angeles. Garrett is an equal opportunity employer. Phoenix • Los Angeles 34 Must a big company be impersonal? We think not. In fact, we go to great lengths to make respects and values you as an individual, purchase plans, sickness and accident certain that no one is ever "lost" at Dow. encourages independent thinking and benefits, life insurance, hospitalization from the day a man first joins us, we independent research. insurance, annual salary review, pension follow his career with interest, make Yes. People are the important figures at and profit-sharing plan, and our educa- certain that his assignments give him Dow. And, working together, they've tional assistance plans. every opportunity to develop and display compiled some impressive statistics. If you're looking for unlimited opportu- his talents, and encourage him to accept Research is continuous at 50 separate nity, look to Dow. For more information ever-increasing responsibilities. Dow laboratories. We manufacture at 30 about us, see your College Placement Because Dow is organized much like a locations in the U.S. Abroad, our manu- Director, or write the Technical Place- facturing and marketing operations are ment Manager at any of our locations group of small companies rather than a located in 26 different countries. We listed below. The Dow Chemical Com- vast corporate complex, recognition pany, Midland, Michigan. An Equal comes quickly. our transfer policy serve more than200 industries with some 700 items—ranging from chemicals and Opportunity Employer. encourages lateral moves which aid the development and growth of the indi- plastics to new consumer products. vidual as well as the Dow organization, Sales have increased eightfold since California—Pittsburg • Colorado—Rocky Flats Promotions are made from within. Your World War II. Present plants are being • Illinois—Madison • Indiana—Pitman-Moore Divi- future with Dow is virtually limitless. expanded, new ones built. sion, Indianapolis • Louisiana—Plaquemine • And Dow offers not only a stimulating Massachusetts —Framingham • Michigan—Mid- Whether you're a chemist, engineer, future, buta rewarding one as well. Many land • Ohio—Packaging Division, Cleveland • biologist, mathematician, physicist-or of our employee benefit plans are indus- Oklahoma—Dowell, Tulsa • Texas—Freeport • student of any of a hundred other educa- try models, including our periodic stock Virginia—Williamsburg. tional disciplines , you'll find that Dow WE'VE INSTALLED DIGITAL AND ANALOG COMPUTERS FOR THE ECONOMIC GENERATION OF POWER. W E 'D L I K E T O At Detroit Edison, generation of ideas comes first. Here, an engineer TALK TO ample °Pportunity to Put his training, his energy and his ideasintoaction. A 9 ° ° d e x a m p l e of this is Defroit Edison's recent Adoption of a new c o n c e p f for You A B O U T T H E the economic generation of power. Combining analog and digital GENERATION computers with a telemetering system for data collection and communi- OF IDEAS! cation is a cept that will insure peak operating efficiency in all six Edison plants. If you would like to see your ideas contribute to challenging OF IDEAS! Projects, you may be interested in training as a Detroit Edison Engineer. Research, ElectricalSystemsandProductionEngineeringarethree of the many challenging fields open to you Detroit Edison. Write for our booklet about professional opportunities for graduates in our company- 2000 Second Ave., Detroit 26, Michigan CHALLENGE IN CALIFORNIA IN ALL PHASES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING California's far-flung state engineering projects are no boom-time enterprises. They are sustained long-range operations planned to keep pace with the continued growth of the West. We offer employment stability good so ones, job rotation and professional advancement. Let us send you illustrated litera- lure and campus interview schedule of our representatives. Please state your field. State Personnel Board, 801 Capitol Mall, Sacramento, California 95814. Tough Problems Inspire Top Performance The problems facing Shell are diverse and tough. And Shell's scientists, engineers, and other professionals prefer it that way. They know that their individual achievements and the success of the Company are de- termined by the size of the problems they tackle and solve. They have set for themselves the highest standards of performance. These standards have enabled Shell to lead in advances in offshore ex- ploration and production, new manufacturing processes, new products, efficiency in distribution and marketing, and to achieve a position as one of the nation's dynamic and progressive companies. Shell's continuing dedication to excellenceassuresavarietyofreseardingcareersforgraduateswhoalsohaveset for themselves the highest standards of performance. Opportunities exist for graduates in engineering, chemistry, geology, geophysics, physics, mathematics and buriness. The Engineer and Society THE COMPUTER INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH Since their development, data In addition to teaching and aid- ganizing large numbers of people processing computers have been ing researchers in the use of while making a survey of reac- exploited and utilized mainly for computers, most of the staff tions. His predictions could be engineers. The Computer Insti- members of the Institute are en- made much more accurate with tute for Social Science Research gaged in their own computer- his a b i l i t y to analyze larger was established by Michigan State dependent studies. groups and more factors. university to stimulate research The possibilities for the use Regulating the flow of traffic into the use of computers as an of computers are mammoth. The and examining traffic accidents aid to social science research Institute is stimulating research are also benefitted by the use of and to encourage this type of r e - into these possibilities. computers. search using computers. In the near future, a student THE institute was begun in Sep- may enter a classroom filled Yes, the range of potential is tember, 1963, by the college of w i t h individual consoles. The wide and greatly unexplored. The student will be assigned a con- Institute is the only one of its Social Science and the Comput- kind known and faces a large task. ing Laboratory. sole which will "ask" him a Much of the research in social question. His answer will be re- layed to a computer, analyzed, The research section of the science, psychology, sociology and an appropriate second ques- Institute is trying to obtain more and anthropology, political sci- tion will be "asked." people who are engaged in social ence, geology, education, his- A computer could be used to science research. The technical tory, linguistics, and others, in- aid in complex business deci- section is teaching these people sions, o r g a n i z i n g libraries, how to use the computer to en- volves too much clerical labor large their opportunities. Com- to make the research feasible.ve been translating foreign languages, or bined with the 3600 computer Many stalematedsocial by scientists ha The this problem. simulating complex social sys- available at M.S.U., research in Institute is trying to unite these tems. the social sciences should be researchers and the Potential- A psychologist would find a able to advance significantly. ities of computers computer a marvelous aid in or- An ever-broadening curriculum at MSU ENGINEERING 101 Computer Programming by John Callahan A new course was introduced student will become familiar with erence Manual and the Fortran this fall for all Freshman e n - ih, use of programs which would g i n e e r s . Running for three t e r m s , Primer. be too long or complex for an In connection with the course, at 1 credit per term, it is de- engineer to write himself. These signed to provide an engineering there is also a voluntary pro- Library Programs (written by gram. Students of ability, who student with the capability of professionals) serve as valuable writing his own basic computer tools which the engineer can make desire a more comprehensive programs. In addition, it provides use of. ability in programming, meet the Student with an introduction with Dr. M. C. Keeney for ad- to the types of problems with The formal classes consist of a d i t i o n a l instruction sessions. which he will deal as an engineer. lecture once a week. Students put Some of these students are al- Students begin in the fall with in additional time on their own, ready working as programmers writing programs and punching an introduction to Fortran com- program cards. Room 372 En- on campus. puter language. During this first gineering Building, where cards term the most frequently used As a whole the course provides portion of the Fortran Language are punched, has been equipped the engineering student with a is covered and students gain ex- with 5 key punches and a tabu- basic ability in programming. No perience by writing programs for lator. In addition there are 5 attempt is made to produce pro- 5 assigned problems. W i n t e r Graduate Instructors who assist fessional programmers, however term is devoted to furthering students with their programs. the course does provide the future basic programming skills with Programs, once prepared, are engineer with the ability to con- only a limited amount of new sent to the Computer Center, verse intelligently with profes- material added. Once again stu- twice a day, where they are run sional programmers. In addition, dents work on a set of assigned on the 3600 Computer. These it gives the student some idea of p r o b l e m s . In the spring the programs, the Final Examina- what a computer can and can't do course expands. In addition to tion, and the lecture attendance and the knowledge to set up com- increasing the student's skill at determine t h e Final C o u r s e plex problems in a reasonable writing his own programs, it is Grade. There is no Midterm ex- manner before presenting them planned to introduce him to the amination. There is also no r e - to a programmer. Finally, it use of programs out of the P r o - quired text for the course, how- gives him the skill to program gram Library. In this way the ever it is recommended that stu- many of the problems he will dents read the Fortran 60 Ref- deal with as an engineer. 40 Do YOU Want EXPERIENCE The Spartan Engineer needs YOU for these jobs- EDDIE AND ANNIE WERE LOVERS... Once upon a time when t equals zero, there lived in a small cavity in a dielectic medium, a poor struggling dipole by the name of Eddy Current. He was deeply in love with a beautiful coil by the name of Ann Ion, the daughter of an influential force in the town, Cat Ion. Eddy's first contact with her came at a time t equals a. As he passed by a beauty parlor on his periodic orbit, he saw her having a standing wave induced in her filaments. He made a fine sight in his beautiful doublet and it was a case of mutual polarization. "YOU SHOCK ME" By a coincidence they met at a dissipation function of the following night. After a few oscillations to the strains of a number (re) played by Mo Mentum and his Incadescent Tuning Forks, the couple diffused into the field outside. "Gauss, Ann," he said, "You're acute angle; I am d (termined) that U shall marry me for I sphere that I shall never be happy without you." "Oh, Eddy," she replied, "Don't be so obtuse. Integrate out here in the alpha rays tonight?" "Ann, are you trying to damp my osculation? Can't you see I'm in a state of hysteresis over you?" HE CAN'T RESISTOR "Now, Eddy, be a discrete particle. What will father say?" Alas, there was also in this cav.ty a mean dipole who was resolved to marry the beautiful Ann, using coercive force if necessary. Hearing these murmurings of love, he went pi-i'd with fury. and crept stealthily upon the couple with velocity u, his joules drooling with the vestial erg that moved him. "What the infra red are you doing here you flat-footed vial villain?" demanded Eddy. The situation grew tensor. THE VECTOR! Schmidt advanced to choke the beautiful coil: Eddy offered resistance R; His capacity C for absorbing the charge Q was low, and Schmidt suffered little lost work content in knocking him out to infinity with a severe blow on his negative off Schmidt S charge. Eddymade outerelectrons. Thisasoquick upsetcomeback with thevillain's acceleration equilibruim thata, stripping ' he was converted into cosmic readiation and vanished into the realms of space, leaving Eddy the resultant vector in the combat. "Our love will not be transient," said Eddy as he formed a closed circle around her. "Darling, we will raise a one parameter family of second infinitesimals," murmured Ann happily. And as time t approached infinity, they lived happily ever after. DO YOU KNOW WHAT YOU KNOW? The person that knows it all knows that he knows it all and doesn't have to tell anyone. The person that doesn't know it all doesn't know that he doesn't know it all and has to tell everyone that he does know it all just for fun. Therefore, there are twenty-six letters in the alphabet. Opportunities at Hughes for EE's—Physicists—Scientists: from the ocean floor to the moon...and beyond Hughes sphere of activity extends from the far reaches of outer space to the bottom of the sea... includes advanced studies, research, design, development and produc- tion on projects such as: © SURVEYOR —unmanned, soft-landing lunar spacecraft for chemical and visual analysis of the moon's surface; © SYNCOM (Synchronous- orbit Communications Satellite)—provides world-wide communications with only three satellites; ® F-111B PHOENIX Missile System—an advanced weapon system designed to radically extend the defensive strike capability of supersonic aircraft; ©Anti- ICBM Defense Systems —designed to locate, intercept and destroy attacking enemy ballistic missiles in flight; ©Air Defense Control Systems— border-to-border con- trol of air defenses from a single command center—combines 3D radar, real-time computer technology and display systems within a flexible communications network; © 3D Radar—ground and ship-based systems give simultaneous height, range and bearing data— now in service on the nuclear-powered U.S.S. Enterprise; ©POLARIS Guidance System —guidance components for the long-range POLARIS missile; © Hydrospace — advanced sonar and other anti-submarine warfare systems. Other responsible assignments include: TOW wire-guided anti-tank missile, VATE automatic check- out equipment, Hard Point defense systems— R & D work on ion engines, advanced infrared systems, associative computers, lasers, plasma physics, nuclear electronics, communications systems, microwave tubes, parametric amplifiers, solid state materials and devices... and many others. Here are 6 reasons why you should spend at least the next four years with us... You'll find that at least a few of grams, both with local institutions —$30 MILLION annually-goes these six advantages are exclusive or the university of your choice, beyond the existing and known, with the civilian Navy generally, permit you to attain your ad- NOL has many of the finest re- and especially with the world- vanced degrees. Many courses are search and development facilities renowned Naval Ordnance Labo- held right at NOL, and enable available anywhere. NOL head- ratory because of its perenially young professionals to work full quarters spread over nearly 1,000 powerful role in government weap- time while participating. Most acres of suburban Maryland just onry research. No "Blue Sky" such programs provide for reim- outside Washington, D. C. (now promises here—you'll soon see bursement of tuition. Stipends, in one of the nation's leading R & D why these advantages make sense some cases, are available. centers). You may also work at individually, and why collectively NOL test facilities elsewhere in they represent a career develop- Maryland, in Virginia, and Florida 4 Professional Stature and . . . as well as with the operating ment opportunity you really should consider. Future Opportunity units of the fleet. NOL retains patents in the em- 1 Vital assignments of national ployee's name for professional 6 Reach the $10,000 to $12,000 purposes, and for commercial importance level within 4 years rights in some instances. Attend- Whatever programs you may work ance at professional meetings is New and virtually unknown is on . . . missile guidance, weapons encouraged, and there is ample the fact that the new government systems, re-entry components, opportunity to conduct founda- salary structure lets you earn more underwater ordnance, fire control, tional research. At the end of than $10,000 within four years... sonar, fuzes, sonobuoys, nuclear these four years, many doors to PLUS all the benefits of Career explosives, propellants, solid state, the future will be open to you . . . Civil Service. acoustics, infrared . . . you see as a professional engineer with an and follow the big picture, from unusually strong R & D back- initial concept to fleet acceptance. ground. More than 95 major weapons de- vices developed at NOL are in fleet use today. 5 Top-Flight Equipment & Facilities n Training programs encourage Because so much in-house work Breadth of Experience During your first year you will rot ate through four assignments in research, engineering, and evaluation. This enables you to understand the whole and to help select a perm|anent assignment 3. Wholly- or Partly-Paid Graduate Education Programs Various accredited graduate pro- Engineers In Choosing a Career, Consider these Advantages— Location: Fisher is basically an "Engineering' company with 1,500 employees located in a pleasant midwest community of 22,000. It's less than 10 minutes to the Fisher plant from any home in Marshalltown. Type of work: You'll become a member of an engineering team that has produced some of the outstanding developments in the field of automatic pressure and liquid level controls. Growth: Fisher's products are key elements in automation which assures the company's growth because of the rapid expansion of automation in virtually every industry. Advancement: Your opportunity is unlimited. It is company policy to promote from within; and most Fisher department heads are engineers. If you want to begin your engineering career with one of the nation's foremost research and development departments in the control of fluids, consult your placement office or write directly to Mr. John Mullen, Personnel Director, FISHER GOVERNOR COMPANY, Marshalltown, Ia. How to tell a career from a job A job is a job. A C a r e e r i s a p l a c e to grow. A career has a future. day A jobwhat lives you from to d a y . In a job, you get w h a t v o u c a n , d o must. In a career, rewards parallel your contributions. We're a career company. More than a third of our 90,000 employees have been with u s a t l e a s t 1 5 v e a r s : 1 0 ' 0 0 0 f o r m o r e than 25 years for this. To assure growth we invest over $90 million a year in research. Fifty percent of last year's sales ($2.4 billion) came from products unheard of just 28 years ago. Because customers like these products, we've grown 750% since 1937. Our career men share in this growth because we fill virtually all responsible positions from within. Our young men work in develo several areas to P their capabilities. This way they can changepositionW i t h o u t l e a v i n g t h e company. There are job men and career men. If you s e e k a career, we'd like to tell you about an interesting and rewarding one at Du Pont. Write us a letter or clip and mail our coupon today. GREAT MOMENTS IN MICHIGAN STATE ENGINEERING And here, gentlemen, is where the yellow went! "John, how many times have I told you to quit making paper dolls on that machine?" No, Chet, I think it needs a little more Vermouth! It says, "Help! I'm trapped inside the Engineering 101 Keypunch machine!" Actually, folks, this was really made by Brand X. This is the last chunk of salami you're going to get, you monster! Gee, look at that funny engineering student reading GoshSally,we have sure raised a lovely family! the Spartan Engineer. At Sylvania Electronic Systems you C a n a c h i e v e b o t h t h e s e objectives. To begin with, diverse programs give you a chance to enter p r a c t l c a l | y a n y f i e l d i n electronics: space-earth communications; electronic reconnaissance, detection, countermeasures; information handling; and complex systems for military command and control. Here you can move about within the community of 20 interrelated research and advanced development l a b o r a t o r i e s l o c a t e d i n a n u m b e r o f d i f f e r e n t l o c a t i o n s i n c l u d i n g s u b u r b a nB o s t o n ,B u f f a l oa n dS cisco. or you may prefer SES's Product Support Organization at sites throughout the world. Furthermore, three parallel advancement paths provide ample opp technical specialist, or program/project manager-wit This major electronic dvision of Sylvania Electric Products Inc. coordinates for defense all tec personnel and facilitaes for General telphone & Electronics Cor For talented young engineer or scientist eager to progres further information see you college placement officer or write to A student put a bottle of Scotch The conversation at a party was The big day was here. The in his pocket. On the way across being monoplized by a self-styled wonderful, gigantic bridge con- the street he was knocked down war "hero" who insisted on going necting two of the country's larg- by an automobile. Picking him- into great detail about his ex- est cities was being formally self up, he started to walk away ploits. He seemed to be catching opened. At the height of the fes- when he felt something trickling the attention of a quiet, elderly tivities, when thousands of people down his pants leg. looking woman and was soon ad- had thronged onto the bridge, the "Oh, gosh," he groaned, "I dressing his remarks to her. center span, with a crash heard hope that's blood." "Why, after I got into the Air for miles, fell into the bay, a Force I shot down two bombers mass of twisted girders and hu- and four fighters. I also blew up man bodies. The frenzied mayor, C h a r l i e Reynolds had been seeing the engineer, dashed up complaining to his wife for sev- three ammunition dumps," he boasted. to him, "Look what you've done!" eral weeks about all the new, The engineer, scratching his mysterious aches and pains he "And what happened then? " the lady inquired quietly. "Did you ear, replied, "I told Joe that had r e c e n t l y fallen heir too. decimal point was in the wrong Neither one of them could account get sent overseas?" place." for his troubles. Then one night, Charlie came home with the so- lution to his problem and in- This sign was recently posted formed his darling wife, "I fin- on a golf course near Fairbanks, A Texas oil man was visiting ally found out why I've felt so Alaska. "If ball is picked up by New York. His city friends over-all lousy the past few weeks. a bear, player may replace and showed him all of the sights in- we got some new modern furn- add one penalty stroke. If player cluding the Empire State Build- iture at the office about a month gets ball back from bear, take ing. ago, and I found out for the first automatic par for the hole." "Isn't that a gigantic struc- time today that I've b e e n sitting Daffynitions . . . ture?" asked the friend. in the wastebasket." "Naw, t h a t isn't so big," Coed: A sweater with an IQ. drawled the Texan. "We've got A hamburger by any other name Engagement ring: A learner's outhouses in Texas bigger than costs a lot more. permit. that." Middle age: When you start "Well," drawled back the New ,'yf** ln you a bull or a bear changing y o u r emotions for Yorker, "I guess you need'em." Wall Street?" symptoms. 'Neither, I was a jackass." Ash tray: Where you put your ashes when there is no floor. t r i e d in A case court. The was laywerbeing for the de- mak fense was ing his c o u plea rs to the court and in the e of his speech said to the judge: "Now, your honor, just sup- pose I saw y o u coming out of a sambling house —" by one! "Passingin terrupted. hastily " t h e judge Who is Olin? What does Olin make? What are the types of work at Olin? What are the opportunities at Olin? Who is Olin? Olin is a world- What does Olin make? Major What are the types of work What are the opportunities wide company with 39,000 brand names include Squibb, at Olin? Olin's great diver- at Olin? Olin recognizes peo- employees developing, pro- Winchester-Western,® Way- sity provides a broad range ple as its greatest asset. Your ducing and marketing prod- lite,® Ramset,® Roll-Bond;® ucts from seven divisions: of opportunities in the tech- future growth and career is with fully integrated product nical science and engineering as important to the company Packaging, Squibb, Win- lines in industrial and agri- chester-Western, Chemicals, fields. Emphasis is placed on as it is to you. Beginning with cultural chemicals, medici- the B.S. and M.S. chemical, corporate and divisional ori- International, Metals and nals and Pharmaceuticals, Organics. With corporate industrial, mechanical and entations, you will be given arms and ammunition, brass metallurgical engineering thorough on-the-job training offices in New York City, the and aluminum, fine papers firm operates 56 plants in 30 student for assignments in in your first job. You will and transparent films, kraft learn and progress, accord- states with plants and affili- plant operations, process papers, multi-wall bags and ing to your ability, working ates in 37 foreign countries. control, product develop- containers. ment, quality control, pro- with skilled and experienced duction and marketing. men in various assignments. Advanced degree M.S. and For additional information Ph.D. chemists and metallur- about Olin please contact gists work in central research your Placement Office or and development improving write Mr. M. H. Jacoby, Col- existing products and devel- lege Relations Officer, Oun, oping new ones. Men with 460 Park Avenue, New York liberal arts and business 22, N.Y. backgrounds find rewarding career opportunities in the administrative functions, marketing, and some areas of manufacturing. An idea grows from one mind to another. Itmaybegin with nothing important. Just a word. Or a notion. But as each succeeding mind brings a fresh viewpoint, the idea begins togrowand mature. If you like working in an atmosphere that breeds ideas, you'll like working at Northrop. Stimulating minds and stimulating proj- ects are all a part of the climate here. We have more than 70 active projects in work, and we're constantly evaluating new lines of inquiry.Projectscoversuchf i e l d s as interplanetary navigation and astro-inertial guidance, aerospace deceleration and landing, man- machineandlifesupportsystemsfor space, automatic checkout and failure prediction systems, laminar flow control techniques and world-wide communications. For more specific information, see your placement counselor. Or write to Dr. Alexander Weir,NorthropCorporation, Beverly Hills, California, and mention your area of special interest. Picture of a committee at work! The man in the picture is a committee of one having a big meeting-with an idea. He is wotting independently in one of nine modern engineering and research cen- ters established by International Harvester —a company which has doubled its re- searchandengineering budgets in the past ten years. Few other companies have created so many new opportunities for college gradu- ates with scientific ambitions. If you are a mechanical, industrial, elec- trical, agriculture, chemical, ceramic, met- allurgical, general or civil engineer...or a mathematician, computer technologist or program analyst, you are invited to learn more about new and challenging engineer- ing assignments at IH now. We are now interviewing men interested in careers in the design, development, engi- neering, manufacturing and testing of more than a thousand different IH products. The men chosen will be recognized members of a team that is first in world production of heavy-duty trucks, farm trac- tors and agricultural equipment, a world leader in the manufacture of earthmoving and construction equipment and a pioneer in gas turbine development. Would you like to get better acquainted? Just send the coupon below. MIL ENGINEERS: The AASHO Road Test findings can help you build better highways... get the latest facts about DEEP- STRENGTH (Asphalt- base) pavements Out of the AASHO Road Test have come a number of important findings on the structural superiorities of Deep-StraengthA s p h a l tPavements. If your career is in Civil Engineering, you °we it to yourself to get the lastest facts about modem highway design. thirty-four states have already used Deep h a v e t h e i rnew STHENGT ASPHALT PAVEMENTS IN heavy-duty Pre are highway construction. P now for your future by sending for a free student library on Asphalt Construc- tion and Technology. Reuben C. Gooderum, BSME Wisconsin, 1962, is shown examining combustion liners after a thermal paint engine test at Allison Division, General Motors, Indianapolis, Indi- ana. Thermal paint, developed by Allison, is used to determine temper- ature gradients existing on engine parts. Gooderum is one of the young engi- neers at Allison assigned to design and development of air-cooled tur- bine engine hardware. This work in- volves rig testing of turbine engine parts to determine optimum configu- rations. Parts later are endurance- tested on engines to prove the design. New, air-cooled turbine blades de- veloped by Allison engineering have permitted more than 250 °F higher turbine inlet temperatures on turbo- prop engines, providing as much as 6 3 % increased horsepower for the same engine envelope. We think you, too, will like the creative climate at Allison, as well as the advantages of being associated with a long-established leader in the design, development and production of high performance aircraft engines- Talk to our representative when he visits your campus. Let him tell you what it's like at Allison where Energy Conversion Is Our Business. An equal opportunity employer We are the chemical company that an electromechanical designer might be operating some day We need industrial engineers, who work out the most the chemistry of photography is f a r from being all of chemistry that concerns us. Actually, it is rapidly going rational relationships between apparatus and people—the into hiding inside such machines as these automatic x-ray people who work in the plants and even on occasion the processorsforhospitals,seen here under construction. people who buy or use our products. We need electromechanical engineers to design all This is a great place for all categories of engineers. How- kindsofautomaticp h o t o g r aphic apparatus that we have ever, we think in categories largely for hiring purposes. ideas for-big ones, little ones, simple ones, super-sophisti- There is such a thing as mobility, and it doesn't have cated ones, inexpensive ones to sell by the millions, very to be geographical. expensiveonesformaybe internal use only. Incidentally, we still need chemical engineers. Maybe We need process engineers, by which we mean those you are one and maybe you join us and maybe you turn out to be such a whiz at your profession that after a while who figure out the best way to make what the designers we ask you to operate an electromechanical plant for us. have dreamed up. GROWTH THROUGH TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE The Role of R&D in Industry Q. Dr. Holler, how does General Electric define that overworked term, Re- search and Development? A. At General Electric we consider "R&D" to cover a whole spectrum of activities, ranging from basic scientific investigation for its own sake to the constant efforts of engineers in our manufacturing departments to improve their products—even in small ways. Somewhere in the middle of this range is an area we call simply "technology", the practical know- how that couples scientific knowledge with the engineering of products and services to meet customer needs. Q. How is General Electric organized to do research and development? A. Our Company has four broad product groups—Aerospace and Defense, Consumer, Electric Utility, and Industrial. Each group is divided into divisions, and each division into departments. The departments are like separate businesses, responsible for engineering their products and serving their markets. So one end of the R&D spectrum is clearly a department function—engineering and product design. At the other end is the Re- search Laboratory which performs both basic and applied research for the whole Company, and the Advanced Technology Laboratories which also works for the whole Company in the vital linking function of putting new knowledge to practical use. Having centralized services of Research and Advanced Technology does not mean that divisions or departments cannot set up their own R&D operations, more or less specialized to their technical or market interests. Ihere are many such laboratories; e.g., in electronics, nuclear power, space technology, polymer chemistry, jet engine technology, and so on. Q. Doesn't such a variety of kinds of R&D hamper the Company's potential contribution? Don't you find yourselves stepping on each other's toes? A. On the contrary! With a great many engineers and scientists working intensively on the problems they understand better than anyone else, we go ahead simultaneously on many fronts. Our total effort is broadened. Uur central, Company-wide services in Research and Advanced Tech- nology are enhanced by this variety of effort by individual departments. Q. How is Advanced Technology Services organized? A. There are three Advanced Technology Laboratories: Chemical and Materials Engineering, Electrical and Information Engineering, and Me- chanical Engineering; and the Nuclear Materials and Propulsion Opera- tion. the Laboratories do advanced technology work on their own, with company funds, and on contract to product departments or outside customers and government agencies. NMPO works for the AEC and the military to develop materials and systems for high-temperature, high-power, low- weight nuclear reactors. ATS is t h e Company's communication and in- formation center for disseminating new technologies. It also plans and developspotentialnew business areas for General Electric. Q. So R&D at General Eletric is the work of a great many men in a great A ' Of course. The world is going through a vast technological revolution- in the ways men can handle energy, materials, and information. Our knowledge is increasing exponentially. In the last five years we have spent more than half the money ever spent for research and development. To keep competitive, and to grow, industry must master that mountain of new knowledge and find ways to put it practicacl use for marketing. O n I y by knowing his field well and keeping up with the rush of new develop- ments, can the young engineer contribute to the growth of his industry- and society as a whole.