With atomic power.it is possible for rockets new United States capability for voyages of the AEC-NASA Space Nuclear Propul- to carry bigger loads fartherthan with con- into deep space and to the planets. sion Office. Westinghouse is the world ventional fuels. The first full power test Westinghouse designed and built the leader in developing atomic reactors for of the reactor for NERVA (Nuclear Engine NERVA reactor. NERVA is part of the many applications, including atomic elec- for Rocket Vehicle Application) promises a Rover Program under the management tric generating stations. to show it in the Air Force. Your work can put you and If you are, there's a place for you on the Aerospace tearn-the U. S. Air Force. your country ahead. No organization in the world gives young people a You can earn your commission at Air Force Officer greater opportunity to do vital, responsible work. Training School, a three-month course open to both For example, just a short while ago a 23-year-old Air men and women. To apply, you must be within 210 Force lieutenant made a startling breakthrough in days of your degree. metallurgy. And a recent All-America tackle is doing ad- For more information, Air contact the Professor of Science. If your campus has no vanced research in nuclear weapons. AFROTC, see your Air Force recruiter. you have talent, you'll have a chance Plenty. Fundamental and Applied Re- And in Development? Improve- chemistry —are utilized in NCR's re- search—Process and Product Devel- ments in NCR paper products and search and development programs. opment. All of which are of continuing other supplies; determination of new Many of these are related to business importance to the growth of NCR. materials or processes for printed systems which are normally asso- Our Research results have practi- circuit boards; improvement of tapes ciated with NCR; there are also other cal applications: the process of micro- and mylar cards used as magnetic re- programs that have considerably encapsulation permits the "lock-up" cording media; new processes and broader applications. of a substance in minute capsules for applications for plastic materials What would you do at NCR? Send subsequent release; a "Photochromic used in business equipment; in- us an outline of your interests and Micro-Image" process permitsa book creased utilization of analytical tools qualifications to determine if a career to be recorded on a two inch square for research and production. position currently exists. All corres- film; a solution-spraying technique These examples indicate that the pondence will be given confidential for the deposition of inorganic thin talents of chemists at all levels in consideration. T. F. Wade, Technical films for solar cells and memory de- every major chemistry field—physical, Placement, The National Cash vices; self-erecting polyurethane organic, polymer, analytical, engi- Register Company, Dayton 9, Ohio. foam structures for space programs. neering, electrochemistry, and paper AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER FEATURES FRED GEORGE editor TOMMCCLURE cover 2+ 2/3 13 QUALITY CONTROL 26 COMPUTER PRE-REGISTRATION . . . 34 staff JOE BOWMAN STRESS ANALYSIS OF AN EVENING SUSAN GOODSELL GOWN 38 BRIAN GOLUSKA GARY ROMANS DICKMARETT DEPARTMENTS EDITORIAL 4 advisors J. RYDER PLACEMENT BUREAU 7 C. MENSENDICK T. FARRELL MISS ENGINEER 22 G. VANDUESEN SPOTLIGHT ON INDUSTRY 30 INDUSTRIAL NEWS 36 BRAIN SPRAINERS 43 ENGRINEERS 46 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS 47 EDITORIAL At the beginning of this term, a new staff took its place at the helm of the Spartan Engineer. The people involved were new both to administrative positions on campus pub- lications and to journalism in general. As a result, the issues of the Spartan Engineer which have been published this term are not up to professional standards. However, these issues have provided an education to the staff and we are about to step out to make major improvements in the quality of this magazine. It is the goal of this new staff to provide for the College of Engineering, both students and faculty, a meaningful technical pe- riodical which can rank among the best in the country. Some of the changes in the Spartan Engineer have been initiated in this particular is- sue. Outstanding among these changes is the appearance of science-fiction (but not science fantasy) in the form of an article presented to us by a student in engineering. This article is 2 • 2 / 3. This article has been presented for a basic reason. It is the belief of the editorial staff of this publication that an engineering periodical with a distribution such as ours has a duty to not only educate but, on occasion, to entertain. In the past the Spartan Engineer has provided some entertainment in the form of Miss Engineer or the Engrineers. However, it is our desire to provide a form of entertainment a little more consistent to the collegiate atmosphere. Thus we have come up with an article which should promote some thought concerning our society and the society of the future which we create. Please, let us know your reaction to this change and let us know of any other suggestions or criticisms. Engineering and Science at RCA Color TV Receiver Automatic Degaussing Even the comparatively small magnetic fields exhibited by the earth can cause visible errors in color television reception. To give picture tube Energy Conversion Ground Detection of output proper color alignment, while the TV receiver is in any desired location, an effective One of the most attractive new methods Space Objects in the Night Sky magnetic shield is required. But before a for the direct conversion of heat to electricity practical magnetic shield can perform its is the thermionic generator. In many applica- RCA has designed and installed for the function, the shield must be degaussed in the tions, however, the efficient use of a thermionic Air Force a new optical satellite surveillance specific magnetic field to be shielded. generator requires some form of low voltage system that utilizes advanced techniques in DC to AC inversion. Such generators de- several fields including physics, electronics, Degaussing enables the metal in the shield to "forget" its previous magnetic orientation and veloped at RCA arc capable of several hundred mathematics and astronomy. Starting in the watts output at efficiencies of 20','. Because laboratory with a bread-board experiment to to magnetically realign to counteract any new position. Degaussing affects the metal in the this power is generated at only 0.5 volts, prove the feasibility of using image orthicon techniques were needed to step up output to tubes as detectors of moving targets among the picture tube's shadow mask in the same manner. practical voltage levels. Under Navy and Air Usually, a color television receiver is de- Force sponsorship, RCA has now developed a gaussed by driving a solenoid wound coil with tunnel diode inverter system capable of in- 120 volt AC line voltage and moving the coil around the front of the tube . . . then slowly verting the output of thermionic generators drawing the coil away. This operation usually and other low voltage power sources to any is required every time the position of the color AC voltage desired, with efficiencies up to receiver, with respect to the earth's magnetic 80%. This is believed to be the first time that field, is changed. usable power has been developed from a thermionic generator. Recently,RCAintroducedautomaticdegauss- ing. This gives the color instrument freedom of movement, regardless of the earth's magnetic field. Automatic degaussing also protects the receiver from magnetic fields generated by millions of stars in the night skies, a team of nearby vacuum cleaners and other electrical appliances. scientists and engineers carried the project through systems and design analysis, and An RCA innovation, automatic degaussing Produced the requisite equipment even to is accomplished during initial warm-up—each wilding an observatory on a mountain top in time the color receiver is turned on from a cold start. The surge currents charging the New Mexico. The system is now being evalu- electrolytic capacitors of the B+ supply start ated under actual operating conditions. While from a high value and decrease exponentially Performance data are security classified it can during the charging time. A thermistor in M sa.d that the system is designed to detect, series with this charging current starts at "riout a priori information, very dim satellites approximately 110 ohms and decreases to 4 real tlm e, far beyond normal radar ranges. ohms as the current's heating effect changes Optical physics and engineering of the highest the resistance. order were required to produce an eleven-ton, The new system employs the use of gallium fi hi 'elescope that uses 6 million optical arsenide, a semiconductor material which rs t o Present images to 12 orthicon provides larger bandgaps and hence higher eras Im ™ - age motion processing necessary efficiencies and temperature capabilities. The . ™f a lln y satellite moving slowly through a tunnel diode inverter system has the advantage Dli hHu d e n S e a s t h e M i l k y W a v i s a c c o m " over previous designs in the following areas: p snea by entirely automatic electronic signal Radiation resistance—operable at radiation « egrauon, star cancellation and data associ- levels of 10" nvt with only small decreases in of d t r e p o r t i n 8 - The v e ry latest techniques efficiency. Temperature — GaAs tunnel diodes ..„, ™ c engineering have produced highly have been operated successfully at 200"C. sophisticated equipment for control, data Circuit simplicity—An extremely simple circuit Sphering and analysis of results. is required consisting of only one transformer comrfi"1 prd e S ' gran ' p e r f o r m a n c e evaluation and and two tunnel diodes, while the more conven- matk °S mming have involved rigorous tional type of transistor inverter requires several transformers, resistors, diodes and transistors. bina,iomatlCral a n a l y s e s a p p I i e d t o n e w c o m " Cost-Weight-Volume—Due largely to their sim- scientific dedun disciplines. Proof of the plicity, these advantages are obvious over other the n K° nS a r e J u s t ^ginning to emerge from A voltage-dependent resistor, in series with about erVatOry a n d m u c h w i u b e ' learned circuits of comparable performance. the degaussing coils (wound on the picture >s used a P P as tronomy as the system tube shield), acts as a switch to connect the These advanced engineering achievements coils across the thermistor only during the represent a real breakthrough in energy con- warm-up of the receiver. Thus, the slow draw- version that is extremely important to our ing away of the coil in manual degaussing is defense and space efforts. simulated automatically. Eliminate Waste with Malleable Castings Stop Wasting Metal Stop Assembling Making a bracket out of steel plate is very simple . . . Why pay for 2.8 pounds of metal . . . then machine out until it's time to weld nine individual pieces into a and scrap 1.2 pounds? Changing this snap coupler finished product with the necessary dimensional ac- to a Malleable iron casting with a cored center reduced curacy. It's slow and costly. Redesigned and made as initial cost 31 cents and cut the first interior machining a single Malleable casting, this motor mount for an operation by 72 per cent (subsequent operations were industrial overhead door opener has the required up to 25 per cent less expensive, too). Through expert accuracy, strength and better appearance . . . and use of cores in parts that require interior design cuts costs 23%. details, your Malleable foundry puts metal only where it is useful. Stop Needless Hardening Pearlitic Malleable provides both excellent wear re- sistance and bearing properties. These camshaft and idler gears wear as well without hardening as other hardened ferrous metals previously used for these Stop Unnecessary Machining parts, but tool life and machining time are greatly Malleable producers cast parts so close to finished improved. If still harder surfaces are needed, pearlitic shape that very often little or no machining is re- Malleable takes either flame or induction hardening quired. These Malleable iron gears, for example, are exceptionally well. used without any machining on the teeth. April 14 Power Control April 7 April 15 General Motors (Summer) Mech. Handling Systems (Summer Republic Steel Indiana & Michigan Electric Co. April 20 Pitts. Plate Glass (Summer) Muskegon Piston Ring Co. Fisher Body April 8 Standard Oil--Amer. Oil April 22 General Electric Corning Glass Pure Oil Co. April 9 U.S. Army Service Medical Corps April 23 Wayne County Road Comm. Clark, Dietz, Painter, & Assoc. April 12 April 27 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Indiana Highway Comm. Smith, Hinchman, & Gryllis, Assoc, Inc. May 6 Remington Rand General Motors (Security) At IBM you can helpsolve basic problems in many different fields. Currently IBM engi- neers are assisting universitydoctors in the use of computers to analyze and evaluate electrocardiograms. These experiments could give physicians greater insight into the workings of the human heart. At IBM there is always a variety of problems to tax your imagination. If you don't know enough about a specific technology, you can learn itonthejobatlBMfromleadersm the field—or study it in one of our advanced education programs. Just ask us about the areas of work you're interested in.Your college placementofficer can set up an appointment with our inter- viewers. Or write directly to Manager of College Relations, Dept. 915, I B M Cor- porate Headquarters, Armonk, N.Y. 10504. IBM is an Equal Opportunity Employer. This page is for YOU Letters sent to the Editor containing comment, suggestion, or criticism, will be printed on this page. Address letters to.. SPARTAN ENGINEER 144 Engineering Bldg. East Lansing, Mich. Work for a bearing and steel company? What's exciting about that? Nothing—if you're bored by Project and potatoes" markets in the Auto- You'll work with one of three Mohole, turbine engines, the world's motive, Railroad, Farm and Con- products: Bearings. Steel or Rook tallest crane, and biggest strip-min- struction machinery industries. Bits. Uses for these products number ing shovel, a telephone cable-laying At the Timken Company you in the growing thousands. ship now crossing the Pacific, space receive up to four years' training in There arc 81 Timken Company exploration, the Spirit of America one or more of 22 training programs domestic sales offices in the united race car, the Alweg Monorail, a — 80% of which are for young States and Canada. Practically every moveable grandstand for the new engineers. major city has one. District of Columbia Stadium, Atlas Instruction takes place on the job We serve markets in 170 countries missiles and defense work— and in the classroom. With pay. And from 14 manufacturing plants in They're all recent projects involv- we participate in executive develop- England, France, Australia, South ing The Timken Roller Bearing ment programs at well-known uni- Africa, Canada, and the U.S. Company, world's largest manu- versities. And we're still growing. facturer of tapered roller bearings If you come with us, you can be So if you're interested in our kind and a leading producer of fine alloy an indoor-type working in straight of work, why not get in touch with steel. research, testing and production. Or us? Write Dept. MC for our 12-page you can be an indoor-outdoor-type career booklet. The Timken Company is the The Timken Holler Hearing world's largest because our engi- and become a sales engineer, helping customers solve their design prob- Company, Canton, Ohio 44706. An neers developed tapered roller bear- equal opportunity employer. ings that revolutionized our "meat lems, which are also ours. Why become an engineer at Garrett-AiResearch? You'll have to work harder and use more of your knowledge than engineers at most other companies. I f you're our kind of engineer, actual hardware. you have some very definite ideas That means you about your career. have the oppor- For example: tunity to start with You've worked hard to get a a customer's problem good education. Now you want to and see it through to a put it to work in the best way system that will get the job done. possible. The product lines at AiResearch, You will never be satisfied with Los Angeles Division, are environ- can carry you. You can make as run-of-the-mill assignments. You mental systems, flight information much money as any engineer in a demand exciting, M H U and controls sys- comparable spot - anywhere. And challenging projects. tems, heat transfer of course, at AiResearch, you'll You not only accept get all the plus benefits a top com- systems, secondary individual responsibil- power generator pany offers. ity you insist upon it. systems for missiles Our engineering staff is smaller Dni's that sound like and space, electri- than comparable companies. This you? Then AiResearch cal systems, and spells opportunity. It gives a man is your cup of tea. specialized indus- who wants to make a mark plenty Our business is trial systems. of elbow room to expand. And mainly in sophisticated aerospace systems and subsystems. In the Phoenix Division there are while he's doing it he's working gas turbines for propulsion and with, and learning from, some of Here, research, design, and de- secondary power, valves and con- the real pros in the field. velopment lead to production of trol systems, air turbine starters If the AiResearch story sounds and motors, solar and nuclear like opportunity speaking to you- power systems. don't fail to contact AiResearch, In each category AiResearch Los Angeles, or Phoenix, or see our employs three kinds of engineers. representative when he comes Preliminary design engineers do your campus. the analytical and theoretical work, then write proposals. An equal opportunity employer Design engineers do the lay- outs; turn an idea into a product. Developmental engineers are responsible for making hardware out of concepts. Whichever field fits you best, we can guarantee you this: you can go as far and fast as your talents Man did not listen to the twen- his birthday his father took him declared throughout the land. All tieth century prophets of doom for a tour of the cities of Fed- that remained of the central who foretold the eminent disaster erated America. gov was its food a l l o c a t i o n of the human race. In the late and food production capabilities. 1950's and early 1960's, numer- Congress ceased to exist in the ous well-known scientists warned late part of 1989 and a short Charley saw with his own eyes time later the courts were also mankind of the consequences of the want and hunger in the faces the population explosion. How- disbanded. The Department of of the people his father presided Agriculture reigned supreme. ever, some of the popular reli- over. They were thin and ravaged gions of the time opposed birth With the population exploding at with disease. In the area called an exponential rate, the military control and labeled those who Motortown - 4, a suburb of Mo- favored it as the devil's advo- and technological functions were tortown, he saw the descendants curtailed. The universities were cates. Meanwhile, the rate of of a proud people whose ancestors illegitimacy h a d r i s e n to an c l o s e d when the students de- had preached racism, hate and the manded a decent meal. astounding level, as promiscuity gospel of the dollar sign. became acceptable. The popular At this point in the riseof man- religions of the time encouraged kind there was barely enough their flocks to multiply. food. Any small disaster meant Everywhere they went they saw that many would starve. Every the same thing -- people indif- ten years the population would Charley 2122 stood and looked f e r e n t and doing n o t h i n g double, even with the rate of out over the vast plain that spread --women pregnant, women in la- mortality on the rise. before him. He gazed for many hours this way wondering why bor, and the men for which there Hospitals ceased to exist since man had let this happen. He beforeno2122, was labor. Humanity spread and he cried to his the problem was not to save lives thought back and let forth a small but to eliminate them. They were cry. A tear came to his eye,father saying, "Why, what has replaced by death factories. The running down over his weather caused this misery and suffer- government paid your family in beaten face. Charley 2122 was the ing?" His father turned to him, food if the male members of the last man on earth. Charley let and said "2122 you have not families would commit them- hismindwander back to the days learned your lessons well, within selves for death. Many times prior to the great disaster which your life time -- son -- man -- this was not voluntary. Children caused all mankind to go berserk. will cease to exist on this planet." were dragged screaming into the With that they went back to gov giant matter-to-energy con- central deep in the Rocky moun- verters. Man had lost his Judaic tains. Christian tradition. When it came Charley had been one of the to a decision between food for the privileged few before catastrophe L o c a l gov as was known stomach or for the soul, the stom- over-took the world He had been in the t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y ach was the overwhelming win- thesonofthePresident of the had to be abolished. There were ner. In the late part of thetwenti- Federated States of America. so many cases of graft and cor- CONTINUED ON PAGE ie Cnarleyw a s twelve when he re- ruption that martial law had to be alized what lay ahead for man. On Ford Motor Companyis: challenge At many companies the opportunity to work on challenging projects comes after many years of apprenticeship and a few grey hairs. Not so at Ford Motor Company where your twenties can be a stimulating period. There are opportunities to prove your worth early in your career. Dale Anderson's experience is a case in point. After receiving his B.A. in Physics in June, 1962, Dale joined our College Graduate Program and was assigned to our Research Laboratories. Recently he was given the responsibility for cor- recting cab vibration occurring on a particular type of truck. His studies showed that tire eccen- tricity was the cause of the trouble. Since little change could be effected in tire compliance, his solution lay in redesigning the suspension system, Tests of this experimental system show the problem to be reduced to an insignificant level. That's typical of the kind of meaningful assignments given to employes while still in the College Graduate Program-regardless of their career interest. No "make work" superficial jobs. And, besides offering the oppor- tunity to work on important problems demanding fresh solutions, we offer good salaries, a highly professional atmosphere and the proximity to leading universities. Discover the rewarding opportunity Ford Motor Company may have for you How? Simply schedule an interview with our representative when he Visit you campus. Lewt you twenties be a challenging and rewarding time. Another of vour future's many facets at Monsanto " You like the idea of proving your ability rapidly, consider marketing for Monsanto as a career. This worldwide company (represented in 70 nat,ons), has quadrupled sales in the last twelve years, is expanding rapidly. Monsanto needs men with sales talent who also have the creative ability to antici- pate and generate demand for future products. You'll have the stimulation of pio- neering with new, exciting products that demand full use of your professional See your Placement Director to arrange for an interview when we, visii: your campus soon. Or write for our brochure, "Your Future and Monsanto, to Manager, Profes- sional Recruiting, Department 960, Monsanto, St. Louis, Missouri 6316b. CONTINUED FROM PAGE 13 pire lost touch with each other. destroyed, their days were num- eth century, scientists and schol- Only Charley's father and a few bered. The land would not support ars tried to convince church and other officials knew how close him without his help. It took two government l e a d e r s to accept man was to extermination. years for man to finally exterm- birth c o n t r o l , but they balked, inate himself. "This is not the will of God." Even the eastern regions would The disaster began on a spring not heed these prophets of doom. morning on the 22 of May in the year 2142. A snow storm from Charley 2122 and his vanguard Canada brought its chilling winds emerged from their hole deep in Europe and Asia fought many the mountain. Almost immedi- wars over small parcels of land. and snow. It blanketed most of the ately fights broke out over which In the year that Charley 2122 was area known as the United States. woman was to go with which man. born the last great war overtook The storm ruined half of the Durk 2134 was the first to die. Europe and Asia. All forms of crops of the Federation. Panic Following his death was Joan c e n t r a l gov were r e d u c e d quickly swept through the land. 2111. Charley, sickened by the to ashes as the result of this flesh G r o u p s started attacking the bath. gov food w a r e h o u s e s where s i g h t of man fighting over the the food was stored. Rather than flesh of another creature, went take the food they burned these to the mountain to escape from The central gov of Europe buildings. Man had gone crazy. the senseless blood bath. When and Asia had run the hydroponic Charley's father, realizing what Charley left, any order that re- tanks and the automated farms had happened, ordered his son to mained was lost and man battled that the wars were fought over. Project Tomorrow. The few r e - it out to see who would run the With the c e n t r a l gov re- maining statesmen of the day camp. In these insane fights the duced to ashes and chaos sweep- realized that this would happen equipment they would need to ing t h e land, food production eventually so they had prepared start over again was destroyed. ceased. The mindless humanity an advance guard that would start Only Charley had a device for of flesh that covered most of the over where mankind today would making food from silicon. One earth knew nothing of the raising cease. The members of this group woman survived. Her name was of food. Most of the domestic were hand-picked and educated Hope 2169. After many days, her animals had been eaten long ago. so this catastrophe would not hap- food supply ran out. She roasted There was little to eat on the pen again. her diseased companions over a continent. Man soon turned to dark red fire. Without realizing eating his neighbor. The weak what she was doing, she con- and diseased were herded up by Charley descended in the long taminated herself with the bac- those still strong enough to walk. elevator to the base of the moun- teria and viruses that inhabited They kept them in pens and when tain to wait out the eminent dis- the bodies. the food ran low they slaughtered aster. From the view screen the a diseased human and feasted. twenty of the vanguard watched In a matter of months most of Eu- in disbelief as man destroyed ev- Charley woke that morning and rope and Asia was inhabited by erything in his path. The scene went to the plain. It was a beau- a dying race of barbaric animals. was similar everywhere in the tiful morning. The birds were f e d e r a t i o n . Charley saw his singing, and the wind swept past In the Americas all the avail- father killed as he fought along- Charley's body - - gently mas- able land and all energy that re- side the other gov l e a d e r s saging him. Charley looked out mained was used to raise the trying to lock the shaft where over the plain and straining his food that man needed to commit Charley and his nineteen: com- vision, he saw a blond figure suicide with. Beautiful areas like panions were to wait until man- crawling toward him. Out ot its Rockefeller Center and Green- kind was exhausted and the earth mouth were the seethings ot an field Village were torn up and was ready to try again. With most animal. As it neared, Charley planted. Hydroponic tanks were of the food destroyed and t h e realized it was Hope 2169. She everywhere. The fabulous high- m e c h a n i z e d apparatus of the came within two feet, two inches ways of the twentieth century farms destroyed there was little of him. She let out a gasp, and were torn UP and planted. The food left and no means for grow- died. Charley looked to then heav housing developments that ad- ing it. Men in rapid disorder ens. The s k y darkened and vertised the "great life" were turned to cannibalism and brutal the few remaining animals bowed dismantled and the land used for murder. People who were sick their heads in silence. Charley, the production of food. The great and diseased were eaten by those with tears in his eyes, lowered life had degenerated into filth, who wanted to live so that they his head and walked away from disease, ugliness, andsorrowfor might die. Hope. The sky darkened until all the descendants of the pleasure- the light had been extinguished. seekers of the twentieth century. Madness spread over the land Man had been warned, but he and many died, and, for those would not listen; the earth signed Since America had to use all who survived, time was limited a relief and natureceasedto its resources on its disease and They had never learned how to classify man as the highest or- hunger riddled people it lost con- live off the land. In their lives der of animal. tact with the rest of the world they had been given food and shel- People in vast parts of the em- ter from birth to death. With the govs gone and t h e leaders Vour first job...will it be all you hope for? H O W ABOUT YOURS? We hope that yon. too, will MINE W A S , and it has never ceased to be. I joined find the opportunity you're looking for at United State! United States Rubber as a chemical engineer right after Rubber. If so, you'll be part of a team that, in the last five m years, obtained over 500 patents—more than our two largest y graduation in 1952, and the years since have held a competitors combined. You'll join a select group of 2,000 engi- series of stimulating challenges. Why U.S.? A lot of neers and research personnel, working for one of America's things influenced my choice. I knew there'd be a variety largest industrial companies operating 74 plants at home and of projects there, the programs you'd find only in a large abroad. You'll join a company that makes 33,000 products. company with great diversification. I'd heard that U.S. Less than half of our business is in tires, and U.S. is one of the nation's largest producers of textiles and chemicals. You'll encouraged individual responsibility in an atmosphere of join a Company that, more than 100 years ago, made the first freedom. I knew of the Company's record for leadership manufactured vulcanized rubber product and where, today, in technical advances. At U.S. Rubber I've learned that we contribute our resources and skills to atomic research, the Company regards men of industry and imagination oceanography, the latest designs in space stations and hundreds of other exciting projects. as their most valuable asset.. The road to professional extinction is to stand still after Here's graduation. At Douglas, yourtalents will grow as the knowl- edge of the technical community advances. For we not only a great stay with the state of the art, we are often ahead of it. Our many aircraft, defense and space programs are long range, designed to keep our nation on top today and tomorrow. place You'll work with outstanding associates—use the finest facilities. And we encourage your studying for advanced degrees at nearby universities with special scholarship pro- to evolve grams. So if you're an evolving type, get in touch with us. We are an equal opportunity employer. Have we got news for you! Sure Corning makes baking dishes.And hundreds of other products for the home. But as the world leader in the development of specialty glass, we also make more than 43,000 different products for science and industry. Our engineering opportunities are as diverse as our product line. Corning is 114 years old. But doesn't act it. We've grown 106% in the past six years. ('64 sales-$327.6 million.) And, because of research, we'll continue to grow. 65% of our business is in products we developed in the last 15 years. What could Coming's growth mean to you? It could an early responsibility, rapid personal growth, a con- stantly changing and satisfying challenge. Your career would be well under way while many of your classmates are still waiting to get out of formal training programs. Find out more about a career with Corning. We have challengingopportunitiesavailable for every type of tech- nical graduate. Mark and mail our coupon today. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING and JETS ANNUAL ENGINEERING EXPOSITION and CONFERENCE will be held at MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY East Lansing, Mich. MAY 14-16,1965 How to tell a career from a job A job is a job. A career is a place to grow. A career has a future. A job lives from day to day. In a job you get what you can, do what you must. In a career, rewards parallel your contributions. We're a career company. More than a third of our 90,000 employees have been with us at least 15 years; 10,000 for more man 25 years. There are reasons for this. To assure growth we invest over $90 million a year in research. Fifty percent of last years sales ($2.4 billion) came from products unheard of just 28 years ago. Because customers like these products, we've grown 750% since 1937. Our career men share in this growth because we fill virtually all responsible positions from within. Our young men work in severalareasto develop their capabilities. This way they can change positions without leaving the company. there are job men and career men. If you seek a career, we'd like to tell you about an interesting and rewarding one at Du Pont. Write us a letter or clip and mail our coupon today. SANDY SARNES Home town: Bloomfield Hills, Michigan Age: 20 Class: Junior Sorority: Kappa Alpha Theta Specs: 5' 6 " Brown Eyes Brown Hair Major: Retailing Hobbies: Boating, Swimming, Skiing (Snow and Water), Baking, and Singing. Sandy, who has the awesome combination of cap- tivating eyes and an ever-present cheerful smile, is both the Michigan Collegiate Snow Queen and the Moonlight Girl Of Phi Sigma Kappa. She was a member of a singing group, The Magicals, who toured Detroit and still uses her lovely singing voice at every opportunity. After grad- uation Sandy plans to do some traveling and to work. Providing power for every environment... Being a technically trained m a n . . . we assume you are looking ahead to a career of exciting growth and accomplishment and that you are looking for a com- pany possessing these same qualities. If our assumption is correct, we would like you to take a close look at us. For this Company, while solving the problems of the day, thrives on a sort of creative rest- lessness which anticipates the challenges of tomorrow. And more important to you, it recognizes its engineers and scientists as the master key to its present success and future progress. From a solid foundation of basic and applied research, our Company has gained a firm foothold in the land, sea, air, and space programs that are helping to shape our nation's future. Our engineers and scientists are exploring ever-broadening avenues of energy conversion for every environment. Should you join them, you'll be assigned early responsibility . . . to apply your engineer- ing talents to such areas as advanced gas turbines . . . rocket engines . . . fuel cells and nuclear power. Such trail-blazing projects command the best of varied talent. That's why you'll find at Pratt & Whitney Air- craft men with college training as diverse as their responsibilities. You will also find that opportunities for professional growth are further enhanced by our corporation-financed Graduate Education Program. Your degree? It can be a B.S., M.S. or Ph.D. in: MECHANICAL • AERONAUTICAL • ELECTRICAL • CHEMICAL and NUCLEAR ENGINEERING • PHYSICS • CHEMISTRY • METALLURGY • CERAMICS • MATHEMATICS • ENGINEER- ING SCIENCE or APPLIED MECHANICS. For further information concerning a career with Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, consult your college placement of- ficer—or—write to Mr. William L. Stoner, Engineering Department, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, East Hartford 8, Connecticut. QUALITY CONTROL TODAY'S customer demands greater detect assignable cause variations. precision, dependability and conformity The activities of a particular quality in the articles he purchases. He expects control organization may be subdivided his Ford Thunderbird to perform as well into three different categories: incoming as his neighbor's. Only when the con- material c o n t r o l , product-in-process sumer is confident Of uniform quality in control and special project studies.5 the products he purchases can the manu- Incoming material control checks the facturer establish a reputation for de- quality of parts and subassemblies re- pendability. This is accomplished by ceived from external vendor sources and means of the operation known as "quali- from other plants of the same company. ty control." It is responsible for giving the supplier Briefly stated, the purpose of quality of raw materials and subassemblies com- control is the early detection of assigna- prehensive specifications, blueprints or ble causes of poor quality so that prod- diagrams which can give the supplier no uct quality may be controlled at the chance for misinterpretation. If incom- desired level with a minimum of rejects.1 ing quality control finds the percentage A "reject" is a piece, specimen or unit of defective units in a certain shipment that does not conform to the established to be excessive, it will refuse to accept standards. As our technology pro- the goal of the quality control program the shipment. It must always be kept in gresses, products become increasingly to the operators on the assembly line in mind, however, that the specifications Complex. Hence the need for more ex- may have been altered by the engineer- order to motivate them to achieve this acting tolerances becomes of paramount ing department since the last shipment goal. This may be done by the company importance. was ordered and received. newsletter, by posters and by displays- Inaccuracies exist in even the most The company newsletter should contain precise manufacturing operations. Vari- Product control checks the assembly illustrated case histories on the quality ations may be attributed to inevitable of component parts and the proper oper- aspect of manufacturing, and it should chance causes or to assignable causes, ation and packaging of the final product. build up the operator's role in achieving which can be detected and corrected. It cooperates with design engineers in the quality goal. People like to see them- Quality control employs statistical prin- suggesting changes in specifications. selves in print. Attractive posters should ciples and methods to assess the magni- Such changes may be needed to improve be placed strategically throughout the tude ot chance cause variations and to quality or to reduce cost. Product quali- plant and changed frequently to main ty control runs special life tests on the tain interest. They should include car- finished product to ensure its continued toons and "catchy" slogans promoting operation under simulated customer us- the quality goal. Some companies col- age conditions. It makes "shipping tests" lect scrap accumulated over a period to ascertain that the mechanical strength time, place it on a display counter and of the product and the way it is packaged mark it with cards showing the values of are adequate to survive rough handling the scrapped parts. Few employees real- which it may receive on railroad cars or ize the dollar value of the parts that have trucks. Product quality control receives to be scrapped because of their careless- and analyzes field complaints coming ness. Such a display awakens the em- from dealers throughout the company's sales territory. It reports them to pro- ployee's conscience and stimulates his duction and to management and suggests improvement. Firms having profit shar- corrective action. ing plans will receive additional benefit from such a display because the em- Special quality control projects may ployee is realistically made awareofthe consist of keeping employees abreast of resulting financial loss to himself as well latest statistical quality control methods as to his company. by sponsoring classes and lectures. It is Visual and electrical inspectionisused important to effectively communicate CONTINUED ON PAGE 28 John Lauritzen wanted further knowledge He's finding it at Western Electric When the University of Nevada awarded John Lauritzen ment for the Bell System's revolutionary electronic his B.S.E.E. in 1961, it was only the first big step in the telephone switching system. learning program he envisions for himself. This led him If you set high standards for yourself, educationally to Western Electric. For WE agrees that ever-increasing and professionally, let's talk. Western Electric's vast Knowledge is essential to the development of its engi- communications job as manufacturing unit of the Bell neers—and is helping John in furthering his education. System provides many opportunities for fast-moving John attended one of Western Electric's three Grad- careers for electrical, mechanical and industrial engi- uate Engineering Training Centers and graduated with neers, as well as for physical science, liberal arts and honors. Now, through the Company-paid Tuition Refund business majors. Get your copy of the Western Electric Plan, John is working toward his Master's in Industrial Career Opportunities booklet from your Placement Management at Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. He is Officer. And be sure to arrange for an interview when currently a planning engineer developing test equip- the Bell System recruiting team visits your campus. CONTINUED FROM PAGE 26 extensively in industry to determine the If he reports the result as being 0.69 the monetary cost of employing an ex- quality of the incoming, in-process and percent the batch will be rejected. The tensive quality control organization is outgoing product. The importance of operator, being a "good company man," worth whatever cost-saving it accom- the use Of identical testing equipment immediately questions his test and re- plishes. In 1949 the Wall Street Journal ami procedures by all inspectors cannot ports it as being 0.70 percent. The quoted professor Joseph M. Juran of he overemphasized. quality control man however can dis- New York University: "Each year the Consider the ease in the electronics cover such "flinching." As he constructs production of goods not up to specifica- industry where critical tubes in an as- a frequency distribution a "hole" will tions costs $500 to $1000 per productive sembled piece of electronic equipment appear at the 0.69 percent value, as in worker. Half of that loss would be saved must sometimes be checked for micro- Figure 3. In addition the entire curve by quality control. A potential saving phonic noise delects. One inspector may may be skewed. This type of graphic by industry of between two billion and gently rub the tube with a pencil, an- analysis is used by the quality control three billion dollars a year can be made other taps it with a rubber mallet and a organization to police well-meaning through the reduction of rejected goods, third rugged individualist pounds on the operators who feel compelled to "help" reworking and inspection costs, and out- tube with the heavy end of a large screw- the company by slightly misreporting and-out waste." 4 driver. Needless to say, their observa- the results of their tests. tions as to what constitutes a noisy tube Naturally, everything can be over- differ greatly. Tools and gauges used by The random sampling technique is done. If quality control becomes too ex- inspectors should be checked periodical- employed by quality control inspectors. tensive, its cost will increase the price ly lor accuracy. A worn micrometer or Data taken from a random sampling is of the product, resulting in reduced sales. a drifting frequency generator may in- plotted on a "control chart." This gives But if insufficient quality control is em- troduce errors of the same magnitude an immediate view of quality conditions ployed there will be customer dissatisfac- as that which one is trying to measure. on the assembly line at that time. Simpli- tion due to too frequent occurrence of fied, it might look as in Figure 4. The malfunctioning products. It is up to the Inspection of the in-process and fin- slanting lines are known as "limits." cost accounting department of a firm to ished product need not be done on a 100 Points are plotted on the charts by the determine the optimum operating point. percent basis. For certain products, for inspector as he proceeds with his sequen- example, the examination of five pieces tial sampling of the in-process product. out of a hundred that pass by on the as- A steeply upward sloping plot warns him sembly line ensures adequate quality that the assembly line will soon go "out control. of control." When the "reject" line is Obviously, destructive testing is never passed the assembly line will often be done on a 100 percent basis. The candy stopped and not allowed to continue maker does not nibble every chocolate until the cause of the high rate of rejects bar to be sure of its goodness before is found and remedied. The quality con- packaging it. Neither does the electron- trol manager will often order a 100 per- ics industry measure the voltage break- cent reinspection of units produced im- down level of every capacitor. mediately prior to the "out of control" Another reason for not using 100 condition. The control chart tells him percent inspection is its time-consum- that this lot is likely to contain a high ing and costly nature. Fortunately the percentage of defective units. Even science of statistics, based on the laws We have seen that the modern quality though these units have already passed control organization extends its opera- of probability formulated by Pascal and by the inspector due to his random, there- tion to all phases of the industrial pro- Fermat in 1654, can accurately predict fore limited, sampling, the manufacturer duction process. It begins with customer the quality level of an entire manufac- will not take a chance on placing this specifications, consults with engineering, tured batch on the basis of a small rep- lot on the market without reinspection. controls materials purchasing, oversees resentative sample tested. He is likely to risk his good business the manufacturing process, designs and The quality control organization often name if he does. The technique of ran- runs the physical and electrical inspec- simplifies the mass of data it collects by dom sampling and the use of the control tion procedures, checks packing and portraying it in a graphical manner. chart thus afford the manufacturing in- shipping and analyzes field complaints, When a histogram, which is a graphic dustry an economical means of keep- thus reaching all the way to the cus- representation of a grouped frequency ing a tight check on the quality level of tomer. Quality control helps improve distribution, is plotted for a sample of its products without having to resort to the quality of the product, ensures the a given manufactured product, the dis- the expensive and time-consuming proc- safety and feasibility of the product de- tribution in Figure I can often be seen.7 ess of 100 percent inspection. This curve may be approximated by the sign, reduces operating costs, pinpoints curve of normal distribution. Figure 2.-' One may begin to wonder whether production line difficulties and even The distribution of frequency which a helps to improve employee morale by given quality characteristic occurs with- appealing to his pride of workmanship. in the sample of product being checked It seems that quality control has become will show the average quality and its indispensable to the modern industrial spread. process. Deviations from the curve of normal distribution may often be traced to "finching" on the part of the operator.1 For example, the specifications for a certain product require that it contain no less than 0.70 percent of element X. The operator makes a chemical test and obtains a result of 0.694 percent which he must report to two decimal places Special agent plots overthrow of hidden enemy. The hidden enemy is vapor in automobile fuel lines, engines of the future. Maybe someday he'll help us Causes vapor-lock that stalls cars on warm days. formulate a new kind of fuel for a yet-unknown engine. Our special agent is Dr. John O. Becker, University of How about you? Looking for a challenge—and a Illinois, '64. Here he plots a temperature-pressure-fuel chance to contribute to the exciting new technologies relationship as he specializes in fuel volatility at our shaping tomorrow's world? Your opportunity may be Whiting, Ind., Research & Development lab. One of his here at American Oil. Whether you're a mechanical theories has already been proven. The next step—a engineer, as Dr. Becker is, or a chemist, metallurgist, Practical application useful in re-blending gasoline. To mathematician or physicist. make it less prone to vapor-lock. For more information, write J. H. Strange, American in his spare time, Dr. Becker is boning-up on car Oil Company, P.O. Box 431, Whiting, Indiana. INDUSTRIAL SPOTLIGHT GEMINI SPACECRAFT WINDOWS The s u c c e s s of the National Almost all of these objectives Because of the structure of the Aeronautics and Space Adminis- will require viewing capability. spacecraft and the fields of vision tration's F'roject Mercury is al- The Gemini mission concept required by the astronauts, the ready a well established fact. The gives primary control responsi- windows are nearly eye-shaped. next step in the United States' bilities to astronauts — more space program is the gemini pro- The peculiar shape is formed by than was given under the Mercury a top and bottom arc joined at one gram. In this program two men concept. Mercury flights proved will be orbited around the earth end and a short straight line en- that man had capabilities, both closing the other end. instead of the one man as in psychologically and practically, P r o j e c t M e r c u r y . NASA's The window's outer panel is a to control his vehicle under try- heat shield. It is made of Corn- Manned Spacecraft Center calls ing conditions. More than once the project the intermediate step ing's high temperature 96 per the w i n d o w s in the Mercury cent silica glass, similar to that between Mercury and the Apollo spacecraft gave astronauts prac- "man - on -the-moon" program. used by Corning for its Vycor tical information and psycholog- The Manned Spacecraft Center ical assurance. brand products. cites the objectives as: The inner panel is a specially Similarly, the Gemini windows s t r e n g t h e n e d alumlnosilicate " 1 . To provide early manned are designed to help astronauts rendezvous capability by: glass. It is designed to give as meet mission objectives of: much mechanical protection to (a) developing techniques, 1. Orbital flights of up to two the astronauts as the metal walls (b) assessing pilot functions, weeks to determine man's per- (c) developing propulsion and of the vehicle. f o r m a n c e u n d e r prolonged The middle panel also is 96 control, weightlessness. (d) developing pilot displays, per cent silica glass. Thicket and 2. Scientific investigations of than the other panels, it is de- (e) training pilots and provid- space requiring human super- s i g n e d to meet both thermal ing them with rendezvous vision and observation. and mechanical requirements. experience. 3. Rendezvous and docking with a target vehicle in earth orbit "2. To provide long-duration as an operational technique. manned-flight by: 4. Controlled re - entry and (a) studying effects of weight- landing at a pre-selected point. lessness, In each of these, the astro- (b) determining physiological nauts will have to put the win- reactions to long-duration dows to efficient use. missions, It is the Corning Glass Works (c) d e v e loping performance of Corning, New York who made capabilities of the crew. the windows for Project Mercury "These objectives have tre- and make the Gemini Windows. mendous possibilities and will give NASA the necessary experi- Each of the Gemini windows ence to go to the moon. The ex- consists of three flat, parallel perience and knowledge of ren- panels, with space between to cut dezvous techniques have other down transfer of re-entry heat potential uses such as supply to the inside of the vehicle. Size and crew transfer, a taxi to ferry of the window is about eight by personnel to orbiting space sta- seventeen inches. The two win- tions, to approach and look over dows are set close to each other objects orbiting in space, and so that the two astronauts will later, maintenance and crew res- each look almost directly through cue." his own window while sitting be- side his companion. INDUSTRIAL SPOTLIGHT GEMINI SPACECRAFT WINDOWS The s u c c e s s of the National Almost all of these objectives Because of the structure of the Aeronautics and Space Adminis- will require viewing capability. spacecraft and the fields of vision tration's Project Mercury is al- The Gemini mission concept required by the astronauts, the ready a well established fact. The gives primary control responsi- windows are nearly eye-shaped. next step in the United States' bilities to astronauts - - more space program is the Cemini pro- The peculiar shape is formed by than was given under the Mercury a top and bottom arc joined at one gram. In this program two men concept. Mercury flights proved will be orbited around the earth end and a short straight line en- that man had capabilities, both closing the other end. instead of the one man as in psychologically and practically, P r o j e c t M e r c u r y . NASA's The window's outer panel is a to control his vehicle under try- heat shield. It is made of Corn- Manned Spacecraft Center calls ing conditions. More than once the project the intermediate step ing's high temperature 96 per the w i n d o w s in the Mercury cent silica glass, similar to that between Mercury and the Apollo spacecraft gave astronauts prac- "man - on -the-moon" program. used by Corning for its Vycor tical information and psycholog- brand products. The Manned Spacecraft Center ical assurance. cites the objectives as: The inner panel is a specially Similarly, the Gemini windows s t r e n g t h e n e d alumlnosilicate " 1 . To provide early manned are designed to help astronauts rendezvous capability by: glass. It is designed to give as meet mission objectives of: much mechanical protection to (a) developing techniques, 1. Orbital flights of up to two the astronauts as the metal walls (b) assessing pilot functions, weeks to determine man's per- (c) developing propulsion and of the vehicle. f o r m a n c e u n d e r prolonged The middle panel also is 96 control, weightlessness. (d) developing pilot displays, per cent silica glass. Thicker and 2. Scientific investigations of than the other panels, it is de- (e) training pilots and provid- space requiring human super- s i g n e d to meet both thermal ing them with rendezvous vision and observation. and mechanical requirements. experience. 3. Rendezvous and docking with a target vehicle in earth orbit "2. To provide long-duration as an operational technique. manned-flight by: 4. Controlled re - entry and (a) studying effects of weight- landing at a pre-selected point. lessness, In each of these, the astro- (b) determining physiological nauts will have to put the win- reactions to long-duration dows to efficient use. missions, It is the Corning Glass Works (c) developing performance of Corning, New York who made capabilities of the crew. the windows for Project Mercury "These objectives have tre- and make the Gemini Windows. mendous possibilities and will give NASA the necessary experi- Each of the Gemini windows ence to go to the moon. The ex- consists of three flat, parallel perience and knowledge of ren- panels, with space between to cut dezvous techniques have other down transfer of re-entry heat potential uses such as supply to the inside of the vehicle. Size and crew transfer, a taxi to ferry of the window is about eight by personnel to orbiting space sta- seventeen inches. The two win- tions, to approach and look over dows are set close to each other objects orbiting in space, and so that the two astronauts will later, maintenance and crew res- each look almost directly through cue." his own window while sitting be- side his companion. One of the many rewarding advantages of an engi- liquid metals, radiant heat transfer and phase separa- neering career at Allison is the association—in a creative tion in aerosols. environment—with outstanding scientists and engineers Let us tell you about your career opportunity at in their respective fields. Allison, where "Energy Conversion Is Our Business." Dr. Y. S. Tang, Group Project Engineer in the Heat Talk to our representative when he visits your campus. Transfer and Fluid Dynamics Section, is the calibre of Or, write now for a copy of our brochure which tells man we believe you'd like to be associated with when how the young graduate engineer can advance his pro- you embark on your professional career. fessional career at Allison. Dr. Tang was graduated from Chinese National Cen- Send your request to: Allison tral University in 1944. He received his M.S.M.E. from Division, General Motors the University of Wisconsin four years later, and in Corporation, Indianapolis, 1952, received his Ph.D.C.E. from the University of Indiana 46206, Att: Profes- Florida. sional and Scientific Place- Joining Allison in 1959, he is currently responsible ment. for research in fluid dynamics and heat transfer devices An equal opportunity employer for auxiliary power generation for space, under sea and terrestrial power plants. In the course of this work, he also carries out studies in boiling and condensing CONTINUED FROM PAGE 30 The 96 per cent silica glass has a normal temperature serv- ice l i m i t of 1,650 degrees Fahrenheit and an extreme serv- ice limit of almost 2,200 de- grees. This enormous heat can be grasped more fully by con- trasting it to a kitchen oven, which uses only a few hundred degrees to roast meat. This glass is also highly r e - sistant to thermal shock -- sud- den and extreme changes in tem- perature -- because it has a relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion. The coeffi- cient is approximately 4.4 X of his spacecraft directly at the inlet temperature at the exchang- 10-7 degrees F. This low coeffi- vehicle he is approaching during ers is 1300 degrees F. He noted cient means that the glass doesn't rendezvous and docking maneu- that the exchangers have a design change its shape under tempera- vers in orbit. ture changes. temperature limit of 2000° The aluminosilicate g l a s s Examples of maneuvers which Coming's Cercor disc regen- doesn't match the thermal capa- might be attempted while in orbit erators for the Rover are made bilities of the 96 per cent silica or landing are: of a matrix containing triangu- glass, but it is one of the strong- lar cell passages of thin-walled Rendezvous with an unmanned Pyroceram glass-ceramic, with est optical glasses known. For Agena D vehicle, a modified ver- example, in a non-scientific test, sion of the Agena B used in other solid hubs and rims of the same one pound steel balls were space projects; composition. The entire disc is dropped on panels of alumino- 17.5 inches in diameter and three or, astronaut-controlled land- inches thick. silicate glass from a height of ing in a pre-selected area, nec- several feet, without damage. The exchanger contributes to essarily using windows all the operating economy and perform- Expansion coefficient of this way to the point where the ve- glass is approximately 25.5 X hicle comes to a halt. ance because a portion of the 10-7 degrees F., which is high disc is heated by exhaust gases, enough to allow the glass to be Thus, Corning plays an im- then rotates into the stream of s i g n i f i c a n t l y strengthened portant role in fabricating the cool intake air. It thereby pre- mechanically. Gemini windows, considered by heats the air before it reaches The longest dimension on the NASA's Human Factors En- the combustion chamber. outer Gemini panel is 17.28-inch, gineers to be one of the invalu- With the C o r n i n g glass- the shortest is 8.33-inch and able items for the welfare of the ceramic heat exchangers, seal- thickness is 0.33-inch. astronauts. ing and seal wear problems are On the two inner panels, the solved. Penny said he is currently longest dimension is 15.30-inch GAS TURBINE HEAT EXCHANGERS running engines with less than and the shortest is 7.60-inch. two per cent total air loss due The middle panel is 0.38-inch The Rover B.R.M. is a gas to leakage under the seals ana thick and the inner panel is 0.22- turbine car built by the Rover through the matrix walls. Seal inch thick. Company and the Owen Organiza- and matrix wear in 1000 hours Special optical coatings on the tion, both of England. In 1963, is nearly zero. He pointed out panels are designed to reduce re- it was the first gas turbine car that Corning virtually eliminated flections from inside and outside to complete the French Le Mans matrix wall porosity during Le light sources to a minimum. The 24-Hour Race, running without Mans race preparation. coatings are necessary because, heat exchangers and bettering Properly mounted in the en- unless compensated, reflections the required minimum speed of gine the Corning glass-ceramic are a usual outcome of multi- 93.225 miles per hour. exchangers withstood extreme panel composite windows, espe- This year the car was entered vibration and shock without dam- cially if a viewer happens to look in the two liter class with an en- age when a car was driven 500 through them at an angle. gine utilizing two Corning regen- miles over test roads made In the Gemini spacecraft, the erative heat exchangers. Belgian blocks. windows are not set flush with the In describing work with heat Penny reported, "If simple outside contour of the craft. In- exchangers, Rover's chief tur- cycle small gas turbine engines stead, they are set in wells so bine engineer, Noel Penny, em- are ever to be acceptable for that they are almost vertical to phasized, "We are confident that vehicle propulsion, it would the astronauts' line of vision. One no other heat exchanger can take seem imperative that this form reason for this design is that it the place of the glass-ceramic of heat exchanger is used as no a l l o w s an astronaut to look regenerators." other now used or being devel- through his window at a nearly One of the chief advantages of oped will be able to withstand normal angle. Another is that it the glass-ceramic units, he said, the general and continuous in- allows him to look down the nose is their temperature capability'. The present Rover B.R.M. gas crease in cycle temperatures at a realistic price. Want to get in on the ground floor of something big? Like a $2 billion-a-year power business? Like unlimited manufacturer of heavy duty trucks, farm tractors and opportunities for mechanical, electrical, chemical, farm equipment. We are growing fast in construction metallurgical, civil and general engineers of every equipment, gas turbines, aerospace equipment. kind? You name it—International Harvester probably And we need help. IH already employs more than an offer you a career opportunity tailored to your own 4000 engineers and technicians. We are looking for talents and interests. more. In our research and development centers initia- At International Harvester, power and the men who tive, imagination and hard work are finding answers Provide it are our lifeblood. We are the number one to some of the world's toughest problems. The Pre-Registration Data Processing System at MSU Resgistration at MSU has been The information on t h e s e After the last day of pre-regis- made considerably faster and punched cards is read onto tape t r a t i o n , the IBM 1401 finally more efficient this year through and fed to an IBM 1401 Model C reads out to the Printer prelim- the advent of a machine oriented 5 Processing Unit. With the in- inary class lists, a report of stu- Pre- Registration System. Utiliz- stallation of a second IBM 1401 dent credits by course, level, ing the IBM 1401 computer and the on last January fourth, there are department, and college, a pilot IBM 1230 optical reader, this now two of these computers lo- enrollment report, and a report system allows a growing student cated in Olds Hall, each com- of students per major per college body to complete the registration plete with an IBM 1402 Model 1 per level. These reports are process in two days. Card Read Punch, an IBM 1403 distributed by the next week to The student, under this new Model 22 Storage Model Printer, an IBM 1406 Unit, and four each college for review by as- system, must still confer with IBM 729 Model II Magnetic sistant deans and departmental his academic advisor to decide Units. Running twenty-four hours Tape chairmen. Decisions about split- upon the courses he wishes to ting sections, adding sections, take, schedule his courses ac- a day, five or six days a week, and dropping sections can then cording to the time schedule for t h e s e two computer systems be made before final registra- the coming term, and put this should be adequate to handle all tion. These Preliminary Regis- Information on a Student Sched- university business and the reg- tration Reports, after being cor- ule Card. Then, however, during istration processes besides until rected by each college, are then the tilth or sixth week of the Fall, 1966. The IBM 1401 takes returned to the IBM 1401 and current term, he must fill out a the data from theday's Registra- corrections made in the master Registration Section Request tion Section Requests and com- class tape. form, blocking in with a pencil pares it to the student master Pre-Registration Section Res- the appropriate spaces for his tape, reading out to the IBM 1403 ervation Reports are finally made student number and the course Printer the student master data, for each student, to be obtained sequence numbers for the sec- such as the curriculum, class, by the students during the eighth tions of the courses in which he name and sex of each student. It week of the current term. Stu- wishes to enroll. Thus the stu- then compares the data to the dents are assured space in any dent's roll in pre-registration master class tape, and reads out course for which they are pre- is completed. to the Printer the course de- registered if they complete their scriptions, sections and credits final registration at the proper Several times during each day for which each student has pre- of pre-registration the Registra- registered. The totals of students time. Sections for which a student tion Section Request forms are pre-registered in each section did not receive reservations may sent to Olds Hall, where they are of each course are compiled be changed to sections which are processed by an IBM 1230 Optical still open at the time that these Mark Scoring Reader. There are each day, then added to the totals Pre-Registration Section Res- two of these machines in Olds for the previous days of pre- ervation Reports are picked up, Hall whose function is to read registration. Then, each evening, or a student may change courses positional m a r k s on standard a report of current class enroll- at this time through add-forrns 8 1/2" x 11" paper. Normally, ment is prepared. Closed sec- or drop-forms from his academic as in scoring tests for the Uni- tions are identified and posted advisor. versity College, the IBM 1230 in the pre-registration area by Through the use of this com- will merely count the number of 8:00 AM the next morning. puterized pre-registration pro- marks in certain positions and cedure, there were only17outof print the total in the right hand Of course, since this day by day 4,000 sections changed at the margin of the paper, but for use r e c o r d of pre-registration is time of final registration, as in pre-registration there is a made, many changes and correc- compared with a norm of several c a r d punch attached which tions of clerical errors can be hundred changes at final regis- punches first the student number made within the pre-registration tration in previous terms. Sev- and then the schedule sequence process. For example, if a Chem- numbers read by the IBM 1230 on istry section with a capacity of enty-two per cent of all sections an 80-space IBM card. Any Reg- s i x t y students h a s been mis- were filled and finalized during istration Section Request which takenly listed as having a capacity pre-registration. With the speed is incorrect, with multiple marks of twenty, and is therefore closed and increased accuracyofthis or stray marks on the form, is after one day of pre-registration, new system, the universityhasno automatically dumped by the it is not a difficult matter to have major problems concerning the machine for clerical evaluation the section reopened with its cor- processing of students for regis- before punching. rect capacity of sixty within a day tration which would prohibit in- after the mistake is found. definite expansion of the number of students. FROM CAMPUS TO CAREER WITH DELCO RADIO Dewey Nelson came to Delco recreational attractions nearly end- you, too, might soon be on your Radio Division of General Motors less. And both Purdue and Indiana way to a challenging and reward- in 1958 with a BSEE from Iowa Universities offer undergraduate ing career with Delco Radio. You'll State University. Today, as a proj- and graduate work locally. find abundant opportunities in ect engineer at Delco, Dewey helps As a young graduate engineer such areas as silicon and germa- design the building blocks for digi- nium device development, ferrites, tal control systems—such as the solid state diffusion, creative pack- logic cards and modules pictured aging of semiconductor products, above. He also assists in designing development of laboratory equip- complete digital systems using ment, reliability techniques, and these parts. applications and manufacturing Like other talented young engi- engineering. neers at Delco, Dewey can enjoy Our brochure detailing the op- the prospects of a longtime, satis- portunities to share in forging the fying career with this stable elec- future of electronics with this out- tronics division of General Motors. standing Delco-GM team is yours He can look forward to a happy for the asking. Watch for Delco future for his family in the friendly, Radio interview dates on your cam- growing environment of Kokomo, pus, or write to Mr. C. D. Long- Indiana where schooling is tops shore, Dept. CR, Delco Radio Di- • • • desirable new homes and apart- vision, General Motors Corpora- ments plentiful . . . cultural and tion, Kokomo, Indiana Industrial News These new longspan steel joists by Ceco Steel Cor- poration are one-piece units which come in sizes up to 144 feet long and 72 inches high. Here, a gym- nasium roof is constructed of 111 foot by 52 inch joists. They provide direct support of roof decks between widely spaced masonry walls, thus elimi- nating the need for pillars, crossbeams, or other sup- ports. They were designed specifically for longer clear-span construction of supermarkets, gymnasi- ums, industrial plants, bowling alleys, and other buildings requiring column-free floor area. There are two series of these joists, the stronger of which is hot-rolled high-strength steel with a load-carry- ing capacity of 50,000 psi. This artist's drawing shows the essential elements of a new concept in mass transit - an elevate "mag- netic highway" over which wheel-less vehicles safely travel at speeds above 150 miles an hour. Proposed as a future system by Westinghouse re- search engineers, permanent magnets built into both cars and roadway would " f l o a t " the vehicles by mag- netic repulsion. The cars would be driven by a linear electric motor, that is, one which is cut apart and stretched out lengthwise along the top of the cars and the underside of the roadway. Electricity, flowing through the motor, would drag the vehicles along without friction between them and the track. This transparent glass tube, nearly five feet long and 16 inches in diameter, is designed to carry re- cording instruments 20,000 feet beneath the sea this spring in a U. S. Navy research program. The boro- silicate glass capsule was made by Corning Glass Works and is being tested by Pennsylvania State University's Ordnance Research Laboratories. Glass was specified because of its great strength and buoy- ancy. The capsule, which will be fitted with alumi- num end Plates, is formed by sealing together seven ribbed sections, and is designed to withstand under- sea pressures greater than 9 000 pounds per square inch. These TV screens are actually computer-driven views of exactly what would be seen by an astro- naut. The manned orbital laboratory simulator shown here is part of an advanced system, called an Integrated Manned Space Systems Simulator, which is nearing completion at the Astronautics division of General Dynamics Corp., San Diego. When com- pleted, the entire system w i l l be capable of simu- lating in detail every conceivable manned mission in earth orbit, to the moon, or to any planet in the solar system. Its purpose is to study man's role in space to gain a better understanding of the require- ments for crew systems and spacecraft design. This machine is designed to test what manner of tasks can be performed in space by a weightless astronaut. The fifteen foot vehicle, operating on near-frictionless air bearings, is under development by the Convair division of General Dynamics Corp., San Diego. It is the first weightlessness simulator to permit an "astronaut" to float in mid-air, essen- tially completely free of friction in all modes and directions including up and down, lateral motion, rolling, tumbling, and spinning. The vehicle will be used as a tool for studying the spacecraft de- sign requirements for astronauts who will fly orbital laboratories and other future spacecraft. Detroit's race to the bucket seat has infected even the manufacturers of heavy-duty machinery. The Clark Equipment Company has introduced a new backhoe loader which features a single, contoured, upholstered seat that adjusts in or out, tilts up or back, and turns a full 360 degrees to give the driver full control of all operations without getting up. Pitching, moving up, loading and traveling are con- trolled without time lost in moving to and adjusting a second seat to control various operations. THESTRessANALYSISOFANEVENINGGown pact loading causes compression in all the fibers of the beam. This compression tends to cancel the tension in the fibers between E and B but it increases the compression in the fibers between C and D. The SINCE THE beginning of re- of these frameworks, the backs of Since F / 2 is constant, if the area A critical area is at point D, as the If a small elemental strip of cloth ever, the disadvantage of causing corded history, the human being from a strapless evening gown is is decreased, the bearing stress S fibers here are subjected not only to the fibers along line C to collapse strapless gowns may be lowered has worn some type of clothing isolated as a free body in the area must increase. The limit of expo- compression due to moment and and if too much force is developed until cleavage is impending. Assum- either for protection or warmth. of plane A of Fig. 1, it can be seen sure is reached when the area be- impact, but also to shear force due the wearer will experience undue ing the female is naturally endowed However, the present trend among that the tangential force F is bal- tween B and C is reduced to a value to the force S. With the combina- discomfort. to supply the vertical force F still the "fair sex" is to wear clothing not anced by the equal and opposite which causes the bearing stress to tion of a low, heavy dress and im- As if the problem were not com- leaves the problem incomplete un- pact loading, the fibers at point D for protection or warmth, but solely tangential force F. Also the down- increase to the "danger point." plex enough, some females require less an analysis is made of the struc- can be s t r e s s e d to the "danger to attract the attention of the oppo- ward vertical force W caused by A second condition exists which site sex. To he more specific, it is the weight of the dress below plane that the back of the gown be low- tures supplying this force. These point." ered to increase the exposure and structures are of the nature of can- also limits the amount of exposure. through the use of clothing that the A is balanced by the force F acting There are several reasons why correspondingly attract more atten- tilever beams. Fig. 2 shows one of The vertical force, F/2, is balanced female most effectively catches the vertically upward due to the stress these properties have never been in the cloth above plane A. There- tion. In this case the horizontal by a shear force S acting on the eye of even appreciative hut to- these cantilever beams (minus any determined. For one, there is a tally unsuspecting male. fore, since the algebraic summation forces F1 and F2 are no longer act- area from D to E and by an internal aesthetic details) r e m o v e d as a scarcity of these beams for experi- A variety of methods are em- of vertical and horizontal force is ing h o r i z o n t a l l y , but are acting moment M, Fig. 2. The moment M free-body (and indeed many such mental investigation. Many females ployed to bring about this libido zero, and no moments are acting, downward at an angle a with the causes tension in the fibers of the horizontal as shown by T1 and T2 beams can be, in reality, removed have been asked to volunteer for awakening Infliction on the poor the elemental strip is in equilibrium. beams between E and A and com- of Fig. 1. Therefore, there is a as free-bodies). Since there are experiments along these lines in the male. One very popular method But consider an elemental strip of pression in the fibers between C cloth isolated as a free body in the total downward force equal to the usually two such divided, the force interest of science, but, unfortu- employed by the female is to wear and D. As the dress line is moved transparent, or seemingly transpar- area of plane B of Fig. 1. The two weight of the dress below plane B acting on any one beam is F/2. This nately, there have been no coopera- from A toward B the moment M is ent cloth to good advantage in cer- tangential forces F1 and F2 are plus the vector summation of F1 of force is distributed over the beam tive subjects. Also, there is the dif- increased, thereby increasing the tain areas. A common example of equal and opposite as before, but the two inclined forces, T1 and T2. from A to F of Fig. 2. More expo- tension and compression of the fi- ficulty of the investigator having this type of clothing is the transpar- the force W due to the weight of But this vector sum F1 increases in sure and correspondingly more at- the strength of mind to ascertain bers. The second limit of exposure ent nylon blouse. Another powerful the dress below plane B is not bal- magnitude as the back is lowered tention can be had by moving the purely the scientific facts. Mean- anced by an upward force F be- is reached when the tension and attention-gathering device is the because F1 = 2T since the angle a dress line from A toward B. Unfor- while, trial and error and shrewd cause there is no cloth above plane compression stresses in these criti- tightly fitting garment. A well increases as the back is lowered. tunately there is a limit stress, P = guesses will have to be used by the known example of this type of B to supply this force. The alge- cal areas reach the "danger point." Thus the vertical upward force F vertical force F/2, and A = area engineer in the design of strapless weapon is the sweater. Yet another braic summation of horizontal which has to be supplied for equi- Since these evening gowns are forces is zero but the algebraic sum- over which the bearing stress acts, evening gowns until thorough in- provoking method is by actually re- librium is greatly increased for low- worn to dances, an occasional force mation of vertical forces is not. then vestigations can be made. ducing the amount ol body area back gowns. Also since there is no F shown in Fig. 2, is accidentally covered by cloth. A good example Therefore, this elemental strip is cloth around the back of the wearer, delivered to the end of the beam of this method is the modern bath- not in equilibrium but it is impera- the force acting through the ele- causing impact loading. This im- ing suit. A delightful device which tive, for social reasons, that this ele- mental strip be in equilibrium. If mental strip B, perpendicular to the has sufficiently aroused the notice vertical axis of the female, is greatly and curiosity of the masculine sex the female is naturally blessed with sufficient pectoral development, she reduced and it is this force which is the use of durable but fragile can supply this very vital force and keeps the evening gown of the lady appearing cloth which gives the im- pression that at any moment the thereby place the elemental strip from falling forward, away from garment will slip down or that, in equilibrium. If she is not, the the wearer—attracting attention by better yet, certain parts might slip engineer has to supply this force by this method is considered unfair out of place. The best example of artificial methods. tactics among females. Therefore, this method of attracting the atten- for very low-back evening gowns tion of the weak and susceptible In some instances the engineer the engineer has to resort to bone male is the strapless evening gown. has made use of friction to supply or wire frameworks to supply suffi- Effective as the strapless evening this force. The friction force is ex- cient and perpendicular forces. gown is in attracting attention, it pressed by F = fN where F is the If the actual force supplied is presents tremendous engineering frictional force, f is the coefficient divided by the minimum force that problems to the structural engineer. of friction and N is the normal force He is faced with the problem of is required to hold the dress up, the acting perpendicularly to F. Since resulting quotient defines a factor designing a dress which appears as for a given female and a given dress, of safety. This factor of safety if it will fall off at any moment and yet actually stays up with some f is constant; then to increase F, the should be as large as possible, but small factor of safety. Some of the normal force N has to be increased. there the engineers run into the dif- problems faced by the engineer One obvious method of increasing ficulty of keeping frameworks light readily appear from the following the normal force is to make the and inconspicuous. Therefore, a structural analysis of strapless eve- diameter of the dress at line C, Fig. compromise must be made between ning gowns. 2, smaller than the diameter of the a heavy framework and a low fac- female at this point. This has, how- tor of safety. With ingenious use THE ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS • The world's foremost and largest engineering organization in the construction field, pioneering new and advanced engineering practices and concepts. • An organization whose work embraces vir- tually the entire range of modern engineering in the construction field. Projects include research into basic science, engineering investigations and regional planning; design, construction, operations, mainten- ance, and management of hydro-electric power dams, flood control facilities, harbors and navigable streams; design, construction and maintenance of family housing, runways, hangars, roadways, hospi- tals, and nuclear power installations; and construc- tion of intercontinental ballistic missile and space launching sites. In addition are the allied fields of cartography, geodesy, mathematics, and engineer intelligence. • An organization t h a t recognizes each engineer as an individual, providing well-rounded career development programs with on-the-job training; courses at government expense in colleges, universities, and seminars as neces- sary to assure steady progression t o top professional and managerial levels; encouragement and assistance in at- taining professional registration and recognition; and an opportunity t o win national and international awards. • An organization w i t h offices and projects in nearly every one of the 50 States and in many foreign countries that encourages employees t o f u r t h e r their development by accepting new and challenging assignments. • An organization which provides excellent rates of pay with liberal fringe benefits, including generous retire- ment annuity, complete health and life insurance cover- age, paid vacation leave, military training leave with pay. generous sick leave; and special pay awards for outstand- ing performance and suggestions t h a t improve operating efficiency. If you're thinking this is all too good t o be true, you're wrong! A l l of the above is available t o you in a civilian engineer career w i t h the U . S. A r m y Corps of Engineers. If you are interested, you can get further infor- mation f r o m the Chief of Engineers, Department of the Army, Washington, D.C. 2 0 3 1 5 . Uncertain about these career decisions? Don't worry! For those graduates who are uncertain regarding their career eye view of the total picture in advanced electronics. Plans, we welcome the opportunity to discuss the wide variety A wide variety of current in-house projects enables you to of interesting and challenging assignments available with move right into the heart of today's most advanced develop- Sylvania Electronic Systems. SES is equipped to foster the ments in electronic systems. You may start here in a tech- Professional growth of graduates with widely differing goals. nical or administrative capacity in any one of these broad This is possible primarily because SES is actually a highly areas: space/earth communications • electronic reconnais- diversified complex which encompasses 19 R&D laboratories, sance • detection • countermeasures • information handling 4 manufacturing plants and a worldwide field engineering • arms disarmament and control • sophisticated electronic operation. The Division's mission is to manage government networks such as the ground electronics system supporting systems programs for General Telephone & Electronics, the Minuteman command and control functions. Parent corporation. Finally, opportunities are numerous for ambitious individuals The small group form of organization — a traditional small to accelerate their advancement through participation in company advantage — is practiced at SES to encourage indi- division-wide conferences, in-plant courses and seminars, vidual progress and development. SES offers its personnel and post graduate study plans conducted on an unusually absorbing assignments to perform, yet also affords a bird's- generous scale. Men on the move at Bethlehem Steel BRUCE SHAFEBOOK, MET.E., LE- JACK LAMBERT, E.E., KENTUCKY ' 6 0 DON McCANN, M.E., PRATT ' 6 0 - HIGH '60—Bruce supervises the met- —Jack works on design, installation, After experience as a maintenance, allurgical lab that watchdogs the and maintenance of power stations, design, and construction engineer, quality of alloy, tool, and bearing distribution networks, motors, and Don became a cost-control specialist steels made at our Bethlehem, Pa., drive systems at our Steelton, Pa., at our Lackawanna Plant, near Buf- Plant. Plant. falo, N.Y. BERNIE BAST, CH.E., PENN STATE ALVIN TYLER, MET.E., CASE INSTI- DON DIXON, C.E., MASSACHUSETTS '61—An engineer in our research TUTE '60—"Tim" is a salesman as- laboratories in Bethlehem, Pa., Bernie •60-A field engineer in our Fabri- signed to our Buffalo District. His cated Steel Construction Division, Don is shown making distillation studies for technical training is a valuable asset a research project on coal chemicals. supervises steel erection for major in selling steel products. buildings and bridges. BRAIN SPRAINERS There are two numbers formed Wishes are horses, provided of the same two digits in reverse that horses cannot fly. Beggars order. The sum of the numbers is will not ride, provided that wishes 33 times the difference between are not horses. If it cannot be the two digits, and the difference the case that both beggars will between the squares of the two ride and wishes are non-equine, numbers is 4752. Find the num- then horses can fly. If the inabil- bers. ity of horses to fly, and the non- riding of beggars, cannot be set up as valid alternatives, then beggars are not always rich. But A man looking at a portrait beggars will ride. Are beggars says: "That person's father was rich? my father's son. I have no broth- ers and no sons." What was the relationship of the person in the portrait to him? Don't jump to From each of 2 diagonally op- any conclusions. posite corners of an 8" x 8" board, a 1" x 1" square is cut. Can the remainder of the board be completely covered by 2" x l " Answers to Last Month's Ques- strips without lapping? tions: 1. The train is traveling 15 mph. Two flights of bombers were 2. The garrison had 49,500 lbs. flying at 300 mph on converging of bread. courses 30 degrees apart, each 3. If x equals width, then 600 - flight being 240 miles from the 2x equals the length, since rendezvous. From above each one entire length is replaced by the pond. Maximum area flight a fighter Plane, flying at is 45,000 sq. yds. 500 mph, flew to the other bomber 4. The winning abilities of the flight and returned, continuing players from highest to low- the s h u t t l e until the bomber est is: Frank, Joe, Jim, Tom flights met. One fighter always A cube of wood 3 " on each edge headed directly toward his ob- is to be cut into cubes 1" on each and John. jective, while the other fighter edge. If, after each cut with a saw, 5. The computation is in the duo- the pieces may be piled in any decimal scale (to the base 12), always flew an interception so 1/5 of 10 is 2 2/5. course. Which fighter flew the desired manner before making the next cut, what is the smallest 6. There are 52 people at the greater distance, and how much party. farther did he fly? number of different "cuts through the pile" that will accomplish the desired disection? GOING OUR WAY? If you're mapping out your career destination, Ling- telemetry and tracking • reconnaissance systems Temco-Vought offers a wide choice of exciting and • amplifier and computer design • electromagnetic challenging routes to your personalized goal. interference control • technical administration... Here at LTV, young, alert engineers are "going places" among others. in the fields of aircraft, missiles, space, mobile surface In addition to a rewarding professional environment, vehicles, weapons systems, ground and airborne com- LTV offers engineers the opportunity to earn advanced munications, electronics, and range services. Support- degrees through company-financed graduate education ing these activities is an excellent engineering climate programs. providing the opportunity to contribute and profes- Before selecting your industrial home, investigate the sional advancement which is a direct function of the career avenues available with Ling-Temco-Vought. Get contribution. Assignments are diversified and stimu- complete details from your Placement Office or write lating in such areas as: aerodynamics • avionics and College Relations Office, Ling-Temco-Vought, P. 0. Box instrumentation • dynamics • systems design • propul- 5907, Dallas, Texas 75222. LTV is an equal oppor- sion • stress analysis • communications design • tunity employer. Originally, this earthmover wheel hub was not a forging. Now it is forged in steel. Here's why . . . While reviewing costs of the original part, the earthmover manu- facturer discovered that: (1) Cost of the hub was too high; (2) rejection rates during machining were high because of voids and inclusions; and (3) hidden flaws required costly salvage operation. By converting to forged steel hubs, the manufacturer has saved 16 %, has completely eliminated rejects and repairs of parts in Process, has achieved 100% reliability of the part. Forgings have greater inherent reliability and strength because they: 1 - Are solid, void-free metal 2 - Have higher resistance to fatigue 3- Are strongest in withstanding impact and sudden load 4 - Have high modulus of elasticity 5 - Have low mechanical hysteresis 6 - Have unique stress-oriented fiber structure tured. While out of town, a stingy hus- AN ENGINEERING PRIMER Hear Jim smack Tom. band sent his wife a check for a mil- See Tom hit Jim with a book lion kisses. The little woman, quite Did you arrive at State not of Thoreau. provoked, sent back a postal card knowing anything about our Col- Tom is screaming, "Nietz- which read: "Dear Jim: Thanks for lege of Engineering? This begin- sche, Kant, Schopenhauer, the lovely check you sent. The milk- ning reader is designed to start Spinoza," over and over. man cashed it for me this morning." all future engineers off on the Jim is setting up a laser right foot. beam. I. See Johnny. He is pointing it at Tom. Johnny is a freshman. Don't Jim! He is learning how to pro- Too late. gram computers. Tom is now energy. Talk at the party was getting around See Johnny in Room 372. to hi-fi. "We have been getting the He is punching out his pro- IV. See Fred George. most wonderful results from stereo- gram deck. He is the editor of this mag- It la 9 A.M. phonic sound," said one guest. "You azine. sit in the middle of the room and He is punching his first card. See his staff. The deck is twenty cards No? sounds come to you from right and long. Where is his staff? left." It is noon. Are they all hiding? "1 know what you mean," said a Johnny is punching his twen- There aren't many people on rueful husband. "I've been living with tieth card. his staff. Fred is looking all over for my wife and her mother for ten years." Johnny is going over to the printer. some staff. He wants to print out his See Fred's funny smile. He is laughing at the Good program deck. Humor man. See Johnny cry. The salesman, noticing a sweet Oh! too bad. young thing standing on the corner, The printer is ripping his The Good Humor man put cards to shreds. leaned out of his car and called: Fred in a net. "Pardon me, Miss, but-er-" II. See Jane. They are taking him to the Jane is majoring in Elec- funny farm. "No," she retorted, "You've never trical Engineering. Why don't you help Fred? met me in Atlantic City. I wasn't at Jane is a girl. Join the staff of the Spartan the party last month or at Charlie's Jane is pretty. Engineer. bar. I know I'm good looking and She is an engineering major I'm not bashful. I'm not waiting for berause she is the only girl a bus or going your way. I'm not in all of her classes. lonely and I just had dinner. I've got The boys all like Jane. Oriental Wisdom: "Football season lots of boy friends and my sweetie She is the only girl they ever great stuff . . . Only time man walk weighs 220 pounds and plays left see. down street with blonde on arm and See Jane in the laboratory. blanket on other and not encounter tackle. Now were you going to say See the two wires coming out raised eyebrows." something?" of the machine. "Yes, dammit," the salesman said. Jane is grabbing the wires. "You're losing your pants. Hear Jane scream. Jane is running to the Home Economics Building. The M.E. hit a rooster while driving She is changing her major. along a country road. Anxious to do the right thing, he located the farmer "I don't like Bill," confided a III. See Tom. who owned it and said apologetically, coed to her roommate. "He knows Tom is an English major. "I just ran over your rooster and I'm too many naughty songs." See Jim. willing to replace him." "Does he sing them to you?" Jim is Tom's roommate. "Fine," said the farmer. "Let's hear asked her friend. Jim is an engineering major. you crow." "Well, no—but he whistles them. Hear Tom call Jim uncul- The things men like to hear a girl say: A young engineer got a job in a 1. "No, I've never seen the golf course at night." remote mining camp. On his first 2. "Why bother, there's no one home here." day off, he approached his boss and asked, "Say, boss, what do you do 3. "You don't think this bathing suit is too tight, do around here for amusement?" you?" The boss replied, "Well all of us 4. "Let's go dutch." usually watch Sam, the cook, drink 5. "Chaperone? What chaperone?" a gallon of whiskey, gasoline, and red 6. "No, it really doesn't make any difference whether pepper juice. It's the funniest thing I get back at all tonight." you ever saw. Why don't you come along?" 7. "My, but I'm COLD." The young engineer was obviously 8. "YES." shocked. "No thanks," he said, I don't go for that kind of amuse- ment." The legend is told that in the days of ancient Rome an "Well," answered the boss, "I sure officer, called away to wars, locked his beautiful young wife wish you'd come. We really need in armor and gave the key to his best friend, with the ad- six men for this thing." monition: "If I don't return in six months, use this key. To "Why is that?" asked the new man. you, my dear friend, I entrust it." "Some of the boys have to hold Ten miles away from home, he saw a cloud of dust ap- Sam. He doesn't go for that kind proaching and waited. of amusement either." His frend, on horseback, galloped up saying: "You gave me the wrong key." Notice in want ads- Young man transferring from engi- "O.K., Moses, take out your tablet and number from neering to art would like to trade one to ten, we're going to have a little quiz." one good study lamp for a comfor- table bed. YOU CAN SHARE IN A GROWTH LIKE THIS Whose growth? Fisher Governor Company, manufac- outstanding cultural and educational environment. turer of automatic controls for any and all fluids, gases Type of work: Fisher offers a rewarding challenge to or air that flow through pipe. We are the leader in our the graduate engineer (BS and MS) who is interested growing industry. Our sales have shown a relatively in design and development, research and test, sales steady rise during the past decade (from 18-million to 41.5-million—a 130% increase in just ten years). or manufacturing. See chart above. Our products—control valves, pres- Advancement: Coupled with Fisher's policy to promote sure regulators, liquid level controls and instruments- from within, advancement opportunities reflect a grow- are key elements in industrial automation. ing company within a growing industry. Location: Fisher is basically an "Engineering" com- If a growing company like ours appeals to you, consult pany with 1,500 employees located in a pleasant Iowa your placement office or write directly to Mr. John community of 22,000. It's less than 10 minutes to the Mullen, Employee Relations Manager, FISHER GOV- modern Fisher plant and engineering facilities from ERNOR COMPANY, Marshalltown, Iowa. any home in Marshalltown. The community has an People matter more than computers To lure smart young engineers, we feature up-to-date com- buildings and equipment for processing KODACOLOR Prints puter facilities. That's one good reason to have computers. and other large-volume photographic products. Feeling his we have even more compelling reasons, not all to be found feet all too firmly on the ground after three years of this, in our widely advertised product lines like family cameras, he decided to grapple with a subtler form of reality than flim, textile fibers, office equipment, plastics, etc. concerns the average pipefitter, electrician, or bricklayer. Whatprudence prevents us from publicly spilling is what This decision he made just in time to join his present occupies and fascinates a large corps of mechanical engi- team, then forming. For a while he found himself pitching neerslikeEdward T. Kern (right) and his younger colleague, in with proposal preparation, customer contact, subcontract William S. Walsh. To more colleagues from among the technical co-ordination, customer briefings, etc. Gradually mechanical engineers of the Class of 1965, we hereby offer the assignment evolved from communicating about techni- ourpersuasivecombination of long-haul stability and cal matters to generating rather fundamental technical con- internal mobility. tent of his own. This he does today, living the life of the systems engineer, surrounded by logic, concepts, and limit- We respect an engineer for requesting a chance to broaden ing parameters. himself by a change of assignment. Both men pictured heredidso. Bill, a 1962 graduate, spent his first year in vibration When we hired Ed fresh out of college in 1947, we had analysis and learned how unimportant is the distinction him spend a year personally running a lathe and doing between an E.E. (which his diploma calls him) and an M.E., bench assembly on new production equipment for film under which heading he now ventures on the same frontier manufacture.(Werarely start engineers that way any more.) with Kern. Before we throw him his retirement party, for Then, until 1955, he developed machinery for paper-sensi- all we know, he may win honors as the greatest living ex- tizingandfilm-emulsion coating. Next came a stint bossing pert on knitting machinery. We have many interests. a 75-man crew that erected, maintained, and repaired Drop us a line. Should You Work for a Big Company? ances for consumers; to satellites agement or plant engineering. Other and other complex systems for aero- specialized programs exist, like the space and defense. Product Engineering Program for you prospective creative design engineers, Q. How about attaining positions of and the highly selective Research responsibility? Training Program. A. How much responsibility do you Q. Doesn't that mean there will be want? If you'd like to contribute to more competition for the top jobs? the design of tomorrow's atomic re- actors—or work on the installation of complex industrial systems—or A. You'll always find competition take part in supervising the manu- for a good job, no matter where facture of exotic machine-tool con- you go! But in a company like G.E. trols—or design new hardware or where there are 150 product opera- software for G-E computers—or direct tions, with broad research and sales a million dollars in annual sales organizations to back them up, you'll • Wells Corbin heads what is probably through distributors—you can do it, have less chance for your ambition to the world's largest industrial sales organi- in a big company like General Elec- be stalemated. Why? Simply because zation, employing more than 8000 persons tric, if you show you have the ability. there are more top jobs to compete and selling hundreds of thousands of di- There's no limit to responsibility . . . for. verse products. He joined General Electric except your own talent and desire. in 1930 as a student engineer after gradu- Q. How can a big company help me ation from Union College with a BSEE. After fight technological obsolescence? Q. Can big companies offer advan- moving through several assignments in in- tages in training and career develop- dustrial engineering and sales management, ment programs? he assumed his present position in 1960. A. Wherever you are in General Elec- He was elected a General Electric vice tric, you'll be helping create a rapid president in 1963. A. Yes. We employ large numbers of pace of product development to people each year so we can often set serve highly competitive markets. As up specialized training programs a member of the G-E team, you'll Q. Mr. Corbin, why should I work for that are hard to duplicate elsewhere. be on the leading edge of the wave a big company? Are there some Our Technical Marketing Program, of advancement—by adapting new re- special advantages? for example, has specialized assign- search findings to product designs, ments both for initial training and by keeping your customers informed A. Just for a minute, consider what career development that vary de- of new product developments that the scope of product mix often found pending on whether you want a can improve or even revolutionize in a big company means to you. A future in sales, application engineer- their operations, and by developing broad range of products and services ing or installation and service engi- new machines, processes and gives you a variety of starting places neering. In the Manufacturing Pro- methods to manufacture these new now. It widens tremendously your op- gram, assignments are given in manu- products. And there will be class- portunity for growth. Engineers and facturing engineering, factory super- work too. There's too much to be scientists at General Electric re- vision, quality control, materials man- done to let you get out of date! search, design, manufacture and sell thousands of products from micro- miniature electronic components and computer-controlled steel-mill sys- tems for industry; to the world's largest turbine-generators for utili- ties; to radios, TV sets and appli-