G() Wes tinghouse, YoungMan!Amodernfablewith technical overtones Once there was a young college sen- ior named Jack who wanted desper- ately to climb the beanstalk of success, facing the kind of challenges his forefathers faced on the frontiers of early America. But Jack wasn't sure which kind of beanstalk he wanted to climb. His mother wanted him to take a job at the local store so he'd be close to home. His friends urged him to join a protest movement. His professors wanted him to go on to graduate school. Then Jack met a Mr. Greeley from Westinghouse. Mr. Greeley was a recruiter of college students. He was a kindly man with a warm smile, and he explained how Jack could get an advanced tuition-free degree while working at VVestinghouse. Mr. Greeley also explained that VVestinghouse, being a giant organi- zation, was in a much better position than most to undertake projects that would benefit the less fortunate peoples of the world. Mr. Greelcy's advice was: "Go VVestinghouse, young man!" And Jack did. Given a choice of six large oper- ating groups* within VVestinghouse, Jack elected to join the Atomic, De- fense and Space Group and was promptly assigned to work on an oceanographic project. A fast learner, Jack took root quickly, reassuring his graying but still pleasant-faced mother, "Don't worry, Mom, I'm on tny way to the top." Though officially a trainee, Jack was a big help in the development of Deepstar a Jules Verne-like underseas ve- hicle designed to explore the ocean depths. One of Deep- star's many missions was to search for food sources to meet the growing needs of a hungry world. The project was an enormous success; Jack's manage- ment was delighted. But before a grateful UNESCO could honor him publicly, Jack obtained a transfer to one of the many space projects VVestinghouse coordinates. ALLIS-CHALMERSON THE MOVE with ELECTRICITY, BECAUSE~we generate it, transform it, relay it, arrest it, mete distribute it, control it, use it; IN MATERIAL HANDLING, BECAUSE-we lift it, swing it, stack it, hoist it, lower it, truck it, load it, pile it, move it, clamp it-, WITH MINING AND METALS, BECAUSE~we blast it, strip it, crush it, screen it, grind it, pump ball it, heat it, ship it; WITH PETROLEUM RUBBER CHEMICALS BECAUSE-we pump it, grind it, suspend it, compact it, blend it, dry it, compress it, burn it, cool it; WITH WATER AND SEWAGE, BECAUSE-we pump it, settle it, filter it, conserve aerate it, treat it, control it, distribute it, store it; IN AGRICULTURE, BECAUSE-w plow it, sow it, flail it, grind it, till it, bale it, slice it, feed it, thresh it, mix it, pad it, ship it; WITH PULP AND PAPER, BECAUSE-we strip it, fell it, pile it, pulp it, cook it, iron it, treat it, stretch it, coat it, make it; IN CONSTRUCTION, BECAUSE-w push it, load it, pound it, scrape it, haul it, pile it, change it, dig it, pack it, move it. These aresome exciting things Bendix is doing. You could be doing them, too! Picture yourself a Bendix engineer working in one of these areas: space, missiles, aviation, automotive, oce- anicsor automation. Whichever field you choose, Bendix offers you the challenges and opportunities that come with working on projects and programs ranking among today's most important. Why not look further into all the diversified activities Bendix has to offer? Materials are available from our representatives when they visit your campus. Or write directly to J. M. LaRue, Director of University and Scientific Relations, The Bendix Corporation, 1104 Fisher Building, Detroit, Michigan 48202. Bendix has 31 divisions and 13 subsidiaries throughout the United States, and 21 subsidiaries and affiliates in C a n a d a a n d overseas. STAFF ARTICLES GARY ROMANS editor POEM TOM SCHAEFER features editor by Emi! Sanpaku 10 A NEW FLAG POLE ON MEXICO'S JACK SIMMONS business manager ROUTE FORWARD PATH STEPHAYN copy editor F. Jauregui Castillo 12 EDD SIERECKI staff writer IMAGE OF AN ENGINEER Jim Buschman 17 GREG WHITNEY staff writer WALLS Lee Carson 26 ADVISORS FINAGLE'S AXIOMS AND THE J.RYDER SNAFU EQUATION 41 CMEKSENDICK DEPARTMENTS EDITORIAL 5 T-FARRELL 6. VAN DUSEN DEAN'S LETTER 8 PLACEMENT BUREAU NEWS 20 INDUSTRIAL NEWS 32 ENGRINEERS 36 ADVERTISER'S INDEX 38 Editorial.. A STATEMENT OF POLICY Those of you who have seen the Spartan Engineer whether articles of this nature are proper in a in past years will notice a change starting with this college engineering magazine. My argument was issue. While in the past the magazine has consisted that while you could read reactionary and contro- mainly of technical articles on the various phases versial articles in "The Paper," poetry and fic- of engineering, this year those articles will be hard tion in "Zeitgeist," and technical articles in to find. Poetry, science fiction, and essays, such as "The IEEE Journal," only in a college engineering the one in this issue showing how an English major magazine such as the Spartan Engineer can you views an engineer, will be much more common than combine the three together. anything containing an equation. These articles are It is my hope that the Spartan Engineer can start intended to help the engineer look at himself and a new trend among college engineering magazines. decide whether he is happy with the "Image of an Never before, to my knowledge, has a college en- Engineer." Through the Spartan Engineer you, as gineering magazine tried to become as diversified engineers, will be able to see yourself as others as the Spartan Engineer will be this year. It is a see you, and this has long been known to be the new idea and one that will be tested this year. Your best way of realizing your faults and seeing how to comments on this policy, or on any article in the orrect them. As a magazine written for and by magazine, are more than welcome. If you disagree engineers, the Spartan Engineer is in the position with any idea expressed in the magazine your re- of being able to concentrate on the problems of buttal will always find an open space in the next being an engineer. issue. With your help and support, I'm sure the At the recent Engineering College Magazine As- Spartan Engineer will be a most different and most sociation convention in Philadelphia, I discussed entertaining magazine. with m any other editors of engineering magazines what's so special about Collins? Unusual career opportunities? Fringe benefits? Which leads to another speciality: state-of-the-art Ideal locations? Exciting work? Advancement poten- communication systems. Collins' record of "firsts" tial? over the years is an enviable one: single sideband Well, almost every industrial concern can offer development, space communication systems, air- those. craft all-weather landing systems, high-speed data We can show you dozens of photographs of ca- communication and message switching networks- reer people working at Collins, using the finest to name a few. facilities and tools available. But that isn't the whole We suggest you contact Collins' representative Collins story. when he's on campus. And contact your college You see, one of our biggest specialities is you. placement officer for details. Your speciality is special at Collins. Every major The rest of the Collins story? We frankly can't tell engineering breakthrough at Collins can be traced you at this moment. to an individual specialist or team of specialists. You'll be writing it. At DuPont your "accomplibility" is rewarded Handsomely. The rewards are impressive: recognition What's " a c c o m p l i b i l i t y " ? . . leadership . . . reputation . . . challenge. It's o u r special word for a technical And a well-satisfied "accomplibility." man's capacity for i n d i v i d u a l accomplish- ment, for getting things done — well. It may be a b r e a k t h r o u g h i n fiber technology, a series of p r o - fessional lectures, or t h e develop- ment ot a new process machine, As a technical man*, you should be thinking about your opportunities for achievement in the field of your choice. DuPont offers a climate of freedom and innovation, plus the means to accomplishment. You have at your "This year, our recruiters will be at disposalthe equipment and materials you your school looking mainly for Ch.E., M.E., need for exploring ideas . . . proving out I.E., E.E., C.E., chemistry, physics and theories. You have specialists for informa- mathematics graduates. Du Pont is an equal tion, trained technicians to assist you. opportunity employer. Dean's Letter The traditional Engineering Curricula in the The faculty committees in the Computer Science College of Engineering at Michigan State Univer- and Systems Science areas have supplied consid- sity are about to be supplemented by a new and erable detail with respect to possible programs in very exciting curriculum offering. The new offer- their areas and some of these will be used as ex- ing, to be known as the Engineering Science Pro- amples of the flexibility and power inherent in gram, offers the student great flexibility and the Engineering Science Program. allows him the possibility of creating a program Major Area A - Systems Science which will meet his specific objectives. Minor Area B - Computer Science The basic outline of the program is as follows: This combination would provide the student I. American Thought and Language with a strong background in engineering systems (111, 112, 113) with emphasis on all phases of computers and Social Science (231, 232, 233) their application to analysis, design, control and Humanities (241, 242, 243) 33 credits optimization. The second minor could be in Math- II. Mathematics (111, 112, 113, 214,215) ematics or Electronics. Chemistry (111, 112, 113) Major Area A - Systems Science Physics (287, 288, 289) Minor Area B - Chemical Processes Computer Programming 51 credits Here the student would be specifically oriented III. Major Area A. This work must be toward the operational analysis and control of taken in the College of large-scale process systems. Second minor work Engineering. Minimum of 42 credits could be in Mathematics and Statistics, Bio- IV. Minor Area B. This work may chemistry or Microbiology. be in any College. Minimum of 24 credits V. minor Area C. This work must Major Area A - Systems Science be outside of the College of Minor Area B & C -Mathematics-Statistics, Engineering if Minor Area B is Transportation, Pro- duction or Economics in Engineering. Minimum of 16 credits VI. Electives to be taken in any area of the University to give an overall Such a program would be most appropriate total of 180 credits, exclusive of for students desiring a broad program in en- Natural Science and HPR. gineering systems and anticipating either gradu- ate study in the College of Business or employ The 42 credits minimum in the major area A, ment with an engineering firm with managemen the 24 credits minimum in the minor area B and responsibility. the 16 credits minimum in the minor area C must Major Area A - Computer Science each go toward the attainment of a clear capability Minor Area B - Mathematics - Statistics in a single area of study. In addition, the work of By proper choice of the mathematics prepara- A, B and C must be complementary and lead tion, such a program could lead to work in the toward a unified educational objective. theory and design of computers, or for mathe tical or statistical computerapplications.The Typical areas for the major work A would in- second minor could be taken in Systems Analysis, clude the following: in Electronics or in many areas of Business such Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer - as in the example above. Mechanics - Systems Science - Computer Science - Material Science The advisers in the Student AffairsOffice,Col- lege of Engineering can provide detailed answers The minor work B and C might be drawn from to questions arising for the Engineering Science the following areas: Program. Mathematics - Statistics - Physics - Chem- istry - Business - Biological Science - Any Dr. L. Von Terscn area of A - Any other Engineering discipline. Associate Dean If you still think glass isjust glass, ask a clinical chemist. Determining the pH, or relative acidity, of a patient's blood example of the new glitter in glass. Today, glass can be made is a route part of many physical examinations. Until re- six times stronger than steel. Or as soft as silk. It can bend or cently, this was a time-consuming process. It involved the not bend. Break or not break. Melt or not melt. It can be use of a cumbersome water bath to maintain the blood sam- molded, cast, machined, drawn and pressed. In short, it pos- ple at body temperature.. Now all it takes is 15 seconds. Ask sesses more useful capabilities than any other known material. a clinical chemist. For solutions to their materials problems, industry and The difference is a new blood pH system designed and government are coming to Corning. Because Corning is the glassmaster. It's a broad, international company, with one of engineered by Corning research. Heart of the system is an the most daring, expert and imaginative research and engi- eletrode with a glass e l e m e n t t h a t senses the difference in neering staffs in the world. Plus a marketing principle that acidity between the sample and a liquid of standardized pH. commits them to developing products only in areas where a Aproportionale l e c t r ° n i c heater holds the temperature of the need exists and no product does. sample to within ± 0 0 1 ° C of any preselected temperature. Young engineers seeking challenge, opportunity and ad- Warm-up time from plug-in is only 3 minutes. An aspirator vancement are invited to write to Career Development Man- provides for quick flushing of the electrode after each use. ager, Corning Glass Works, Corning, N.Y. 14830. Sophisticated instrumentation like this is just one more POEM by EMIL SANPAKU Hoddy Toddy Oh by golly Who the hell are we! Engineers, engineers, Professors screw it in our ears. We are the smartest, Are the best, Yet are not millionaires. Who cares? Ding Dong Dell The engineer's in helt. He is dead, And it is said We'll make out just as well. Think not only of the public's eyes, For they are not the force that drives, The Engineer Star Light, Star Bright, First star I see tonight. The engineer with all his might, Will reach you and put out your light. Goodnight Our IBM, who is so great, Long may your coils glow. Thy answers come, Thy will be done, On tape, as well as paper. Give us this day, your knowledge great; And forgive us our errors, As tomorrow we will program correctly, For we have much to learn. IBM. Dear Editor: Mexican families rarely consist makes the journey an alluring Some time ago you were kind of less than four of five members. p r o s p e c t for visitors eagerly enough to publish some of my ar- The significance of the ALM seeking southern latitudestoleave ticles on what Mexico is doing dam lies not exclusively in the behind the severity of Northern about agricultural development, allotment of land to farmers, but winters. Here, in this ideal sum- (Editor's note — Mr. Castillo's in that it also had incorporated mer resort, they can relax or article on the Raudales Dam ap- and enlarged the cycle of early devote themselves to fishing and peared in the November 1962 vegetable produce Sinaloa ex- boating. Unfortunately, bathing issue of Spartan Engineer.) and ports yearly to the United States, is not to be recommended since I am again hoping you will ac- from which the state and the the water is somewhat muddy due cept the enclosed one for publi- country at large derives consid- to continuous inflows from rains cation in your magazine. erable income. Right now the ex- around the basin, but one can hunt You will probably find typo- tensive concrete-lined network of not far from the lake where deer graphic errors but this is hap- irrigation canals built in connec- and other minor fauna such as pening to me because of my poor tion with the dams is distributing rabbits, squirrels, and the like sight. I have already completed and saving large volumes of water abound. my 81st birthday, and am full of which were formerly lost through If, however, the visitor hap- other ailments, but still working. evaporation and seepage. pens to be an engineer curious Thanking you for your kind Futhermore, the existence of enough to combine pleasure with attention to this matter, I wish farm mechanization and modern professional i n t e r e s t , he will to remain, means of plant defense introduced p r o b a b l y be inclined to in- Sincerely yours, in Sinaloa several years ago when quire into the particulars of the Felipe Jauregui two other dams, the "Sanalona" ALM dam to satisfy his occupa- Castillo and the "Miguel Hidalgo" were tional curiousity. Soto 109-4-B completed by the SHR will, in Mexico 3, D.F. The massive structure, stand- the opinion of reliable statistic - ing across the torrential Huma- ya river, is 107 meters high, 800 meters long, 10 meters at the crown, and 475 meters at the base. To insure a good founda- tion, a thorough cleaning of the contact area was effected, and all loose material was removed. The trench resulting from this dredging was 9 meters deep and MEXICO'S ROUTE FORWARD 60 meters wide at the bottom, with slopes at a ratio of 1.5:1, and was filled with copund clay to filter the river carryings. In the center of this trench and all along its axis a concrete dentil was built to variable depths, penetrating to sound rocK and into the impervious core of As a part of a sustained na- the dam. Close to and supported ians, cause a profound social by the dentil, deep injections of tion-wide effort of the Mexican and economic change in favor 1,780 cubic meters of grouting Government Departments to re- of the highly populated state. were made through 16,000 meters duce the extent of poverty that The hydroelectric p l a n t in- p e r s i s t s principally in rural stalled at the foot of the ALM of drillings. areas of the country, the Sec- dam is also a feature of prime The watershed and its main retariate of Hydraulic Resources importance, since the Federal sources of water supply exten completed last year the "Adolfo Government feels that industrial through the states of Durange, Lopez Mateos Dam" in the state Chihuahua, and Sinaloa_ proper, of Sinaloa. The completion of this development must accompany ag- project added 375,000 acres of ricultural development, espe- covering an area of 11,570 kilo- new fertile land to this bountiful cially because a variety of raw meters or 75% of the Culiacan western region. materials abounds in the area. river flow. Of the 3,500 million As a complement to the utility cubic meters of water confined Since the allotment of these in; the reservoir of the ALM newly reclaimed agricultural of the ALM dam, national and f o r e i g n tourists, particularly dam, 130 million cubic meters lands was made in parcels of 25 are silt deposits, 2,810 million acres to each peasant, 15,000 North Americans, find tremen- peasants and their families have dous appeal in the recreation fa- cubic meters are used for ir- received a release from the help- cilities offered by the dam's rigation and electric power pro- less conditions under which they 30,000 acre foot reservoir. The duction, and 650 million cubic formerly e x i s t e d . The actual paved road leading to the arti- meters are reservedforflood number of people helped by this ficial lake starts at kilometer control. project would prcbably number 1450 of the Guadalajara-Nogales The outlet of the dam was ex- a p p r o x i m a t e l y 75,000, since highway, and is only 12 miles cavated into a natural formation long. The shortness of this route of compacted and impervious cal- ciferous tufa known in the r e - is of the fan type; has two free diameter and about 600 meters gion as Boucarit's formation. The symmetrical and circular cen- long. On some sections of these bottom of the outlet trench was ters at the base, with depressed tunnels reinforced concrete lin- covered with a layer of fluvial Creager's profiles. It converges ing was not necessary because carryings 9 meters thick. into a discharging canal which of the Boucarit nature of the There are t h r e e zones of carries the water to the Humaya formation. These tunnels feed the chosen materials in this dam. The river. Built of concrete, this t u r b i n e s of the hydroelectric middle section constitutes the spillway has a length of 160 plant and at the same time pro- impervious zone and consists of meters at the crest, and the de- vide water for irrigation. compacted clay, with slopes 0.5:1 signed flow is estimated at only on both sides. The filtering zones 15,000 cubic meter/s, already Within the area presently cov- between the impervious and the regularized in the reservoir at ered by the r e s e r v o i r there pervious materials were built of formerly existed 72 small settle- only 5,600 cubic meter/s to pass ments occupied by 545 families, gravel and river sand, with slopes with a load of 7.47 meters, leav- 1:1.5. The pervious zones are an aggregate of 3,400 people, who ing a free edge of 3.02 meters. lived on dry farming and a few formed by rock, having variable The discharging canal is 35 slopes of 1.75:1 from the dam's head of cattle. To each family, meters wide at the bottom, and besides the 25 acres of agricul- crown to elevation 175 meters, 650 meters long; its whole length continuing, on the upstream side tural land, 525 square meters of has been lined with reinforced extra ground was given to their with slopes 2.2:1 till elevation concrete. In order to lodge the 112.25 meters, and 3:1 down to headman on which, with material structure it was necessary to and technical assistance from the natural ground. Both faces of the excavate 1,200,000 cubic meters dam are protected by layers of SHR's engineers decent houses of soil, and its construction r e - were built, a procedure which has selected rock 3 meters thick, quired 26,000 cubic meters of placed by dumpings. been f o l l o w e d throughout the simple and reinforced concrete. country. The spillway was built at a The steel for r e i n f o r c e m e n t All of the foregoing refers only port called "La Cutama" located amounted to 545 tons. to the outstanding achievements about 4 kilometers north of the The intake works were built of the SHR in the state of Sinaloa, outlet. It discharges into the on the right-hand side declivity of although at the present time the Humaya river bed through " E l the dam. This structure consists organization has completed 88 Potrere" creek. This spillway mainly of two tunnels 7 meters in CONTINUED TO PAGE 29 FUTURES Career opportunities unlimited in the Malleable castings industry. Fatigue Life Analysis. Eutectic Cell around the corner. Computer control as witnessed by the $75 million size.CarbonEquivalentDetermina- of melting cycles will soon be applied expansion program now under way. tions.Thosetitles represent just a on a practical basis. Die casting of Its future is as bright as that of its fewareasofcurrentinvestigation by iron may be coming out of the theory major customers — producers of Malleable foundries into methods of stage. The pace of new discoveries cars, trucks, and other transporta- tion products, farm, construction will be just that much faster in the improvingt h e i r p r o d u c t a n d its and other types of machinery. years ahead. The image of the foundry labora- methodofproduction.Research has Take a hard look at a career in tory as a cubbyhole is being shat- produced literally volumes of new the Malleable castings industry. tered. Pictured above is one of and useful data in recent years... Malleable foundries are of a size so much so that there is a dearth of several new laboratory facilities built where you will have the opportunity by producers of Malleable castings to put your top skills to use almost in the last few years. engineering talent to put immediately. this It's a growing industry, know- ledge to work. Many important changes are just be a Hero... or "How to practice your one-upmanship on industry". We do it all the time at LTV Aerospace Corporation—dreaming up big shiny things like a plane's plane or a missile's muscle. In fact, our Hero engineers have come up with some of the nation's superest Super Stars. The word is out that there are some great star gazer spots open now (some earthy ones, too). So whether you're a circles, waves or angles engineer, you, too, can be a Hero in such areas as aerodynamics • avionics and instrumentation • airframes design • systems analysis • reliability • dynamics • systems design • propulsion • stress analysis • industrial engineering • technical administration . . . and others. Get the whole story. Ask your Placement Office, then write College Relations Office, LTV Aerospace Corporation, P.O. Box 5907, Dallas, Texas 75222. And when you write, be sure to ask, "how's your LTV bird" . LTV is an equal opportunity employer. What turns you on? Responsibility? Professional Recognition? Financial If you're ambitious, flexible and imaginative,welltrainedin Reward? We know of no company better able, or more chemistry, physics, chemical, electrical ormechanicalen- disposed, tosatisfythesegoalsthanCelanese Corporation. gineering, marketing, finance, accounting orindustrialre- Why Celanese? You'll be working for a young company lations, we'd like to talk to you-regardless of your military that's growing fast—and "plans" to keep growing. 1965 commitments. And you'll like what you see at Celanese. sales rose 23% to over $860 million. Our future planned Discuss us with your faculty and Placement Off iceandsee growth depends on our ability to attract top-notch people our representative when he is on your cam- who can grow with us. pus. Or write to: John B. Kuhn, Manager of Sound good? If you feel you can perform in our fast- University Recruitment, Celanese Corpora- moving, intellectually demanding environment, it should. tion, 522 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. 10036. "Some b u i l d i n g , " I com- "Notice the leather engrav- mented, i n d i c a t i n g the giant ing," he pointed out. structure outside. "Yes it i s , " answered my I did. Boyle's Law in Gothic friend. "It's eight stories high, script. It was beautiful. or a total of 185 feet. Its width "Actually, this isn't my only IMAGE is 156 feet, and it is 963 feet slide rule," he went on. I have a long. Each of the steel girders l a r g e r one, and one s l i g h t l y in its frame has a tensile strength smaller, and then an itty-bitty of 12 0,000 pounds per square white one only an inch long." inch. It employs a complex con- (I could tell that was his favor- OF AN cept of design created by Enrico ite.) "Let me show you," he Piazzi and later developed by said as he flipped out his wallet. George Donlevy. Of course it "There's my baby. And here's costs more to construct that way, a shot of the four of them together. but the overall value of the build- That was taken last summer." ENGINEER ing will be greatly enhanced." "You wouldn't be in engineer- ing, would you?" I asked him. "You have a nice family." Suddenly he seemed to come back to earth. "I'm sorry," he A look of dismay came over his said, "I'm getting carried away face. "I didn't think it showed," with engineering again. My ad- he murmured. "We students in visor warned me not to do that. engineering are trying to get away Watch the image, he told me. He from this old image of us that suggested that I write some po- everyone seems to have." etry, so I tried it. He said it was "It really was just a lucky good for the soul, and it is. I guess," I replied, not wanting to call my poem 'Engineer' ". hurt his feelings. "What image It began much the same as any are you referring to?" "May I hear it?" conversation. I sat absentmind- "Aw, you know—the idea that "Of course." He giggled. "Now edly gazing through the windows an engineering major is a funny- don't laugh. I never recited poetry of the Crossroads Cafeteria, looking guy who talks in mathe- before." watching the construction work- matical formulas and wears a He cleared his throat and began ers put the finishing touches on slide rule on his belt. It isn't the new Math-Languages Build- true anymore. We want to broaden to read: ing, as I sipped my morning cup our interests. Just look at these "En-gi-neerl En-gi-neerl of coffee. As usual, I was con- books." On your brawny back you bear templating what it would be like He spread them out on the table, The weight of a nation, to work construction. Several of knocking his coffee over in the En-gi-neerl my f r i e n d s had managed to process. Besides a calculus book squeeze in a few weeks of hard and something called Thermody- "Build me a highway, engineer I labor between college and the namics - - Principles and Prop- Make it six lanes wide from army, but so far I had avoided erties, there were volumes on Detroit both Uncle Sam and the Construc- the life of Beethoven, Stanislav- To Houston, or tion Worker's Union with equal skyan acting methods, the com- maybe agility. I knew a little about it, plete works of Shakespeare, and Topeka, if the money runs out. though When I was a kid in the Tolkien's Trilogy of the Ring. suburbs, we stole enough lum- "Build me an Astro-dome, "Very impressive, I said, and ber, shingles, and roofing tar to his face lit up. Encouraged, he engineer! build a three-story treehouse, went on proudly: "And I've also But watch out for the unions, and I had once put my initials had courses in Art and Philos- boy, onthesecond tower of the Mac- ophy." 'Cause if you don't they'll take kinac Bridge "Philosophy of what?" I quer- you "Mind if I join you?" My train ied. For everything they can get of thought was interrupted, and I "Philosophy of Electrical En- Twenty-hour work weeks gineering." Compensation looked up. "I see. I notice you're still Coffee-breaks and wearing your slide rule. Isn't Tea-breaks and "No--go right ahead," I an- that a part of the old image?" Dr. Pepper-breaks swered. My guest was tall and thin.Hislevisanda n d st oh ce k ss a were "Yes, it i s , " he admitted, Damn unions, anyway. white, his shirt was me "but there are some things you "Build me a parking ramp, fluorescent r a n g e C o l o r oft h e °he h a d just can't part with." cafeteria tray "I suppose." engineer! balanced on Only don't build many more cars his forearm, and his sleeves "For my art project last year Or else I won't find a place to were rolled to three-quarter I made a new case for it. Would park length. He wrote black-rimmed you like to see it?" Unless I drive a Honda glasses and carried an Untidy I said I would. I could tell by Build more Hondas, engineer! notebook, a T-square, six very the skill with which he unbuckled CONTINUED ON PAGE 38 his belt and slid off the slide rule thick books, and a rumpled Bar- that he had done this before. racudaJ a c k e t u n d e r his right arm. MEET THE CLASS OF '66 They're members of Bethlehem Steel's 1966 Loop Course Although our primary need is for engineering and other —graduates of colleges and universities from coast to coast. technical graduates—such men have many fine opportuni- What is the Loop Course? Since 1922, we have conducted ties in all phases of steelmaking, as well as in research,, this course to train college graduates for management ca- sales, mining, fabricated steel construction, and shipbuild- reers at Bethlehem Steel. Hundreds of men at all levels of management, including our Chairman, started as loopers. ing-both technical and non-technical graduates are needed The '66 Loop convened at our general offices in Bethle- for most of those activities as well as accounting, Purchase- hem, Pa., early in July. After five weeks of indoctrination, ing, traffic, finance and law, industrial and public relations, many of these men were assigned to facilities throughout and general services. the country for further brief training at the operations be- You'll find a great deal more information in our booklet, fore undertaking their first job assignments. Others, such "Careers with Bethlehem Steel and the LoopCourse,"you as sales and accounting trainees, remain at the general can obtain a copy at your Placement Office, or drop a post- offices for longer periods before being assigned. card to Personnel Division, Industrial and Public Relations Department, Bethlehem, Pa. 18016. So you want to be a pilot? It's not as hard as it looks. It's harder. The days of flying by the seat of your P a n t s a r e g o n e f o r e v e r . Now you have to know an awful lot about things like aerodynam- ics, Electronics, and celestial navigation. Does that mean that flying in the Air Force has become automated"? It does not. Any pilot will tell you that flying is still a great adventure. The split second when a man leaves the runway solo for the first time is still one of the most exciting moments of his life. If you'd like to earn your wings, oneo f t n e b e s t w a y S iS t h r o u g h Air Force ROTC. For details, contact the Professor of Aerospace studies,anAirForce representative, or mail the coupon. Editors Note: These cartoons were first run in the Kansas Engineer in the Jan- uary, 1956 issue. They have since been used by several other magazines and are reprinted here because they have proved to be so popular. PLACEMENT BUREAU The following is a tentative Gerber Products Raytheon Corp. listing of companies interview- New York Dept. of Health Excello Corp. ing Engineering majors during National Security Agency Minnesota Ore Operations the months of December, 1966 U.S. Navy Avionics Facility Div. U.S. Steel and January 1967. Each Monday Ebasco Service Inc. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission of the regular term the Place- Marathon Oil Co. Aeroneutronic Div. Philco Corp. ment bureau publishes a bulletin Rapids-Standard Co. National Castings Div., Midland- containing the companies inter- Warner-Chilcott Div. of Ross Corp. viewing and majors and degree Warner-Lambert American Bosch Arma Corp. levels sought for the following Department of Defense-Detroit Carrier Air Conditioning week. This bulletin is the most Airborne Instruments Corp. reliable source of Placement No interviews from Dec. 10, Hamilton Standard Bureau information. Appoint- 1966 until Jan. 10, 1967 due to Esso-Humble Oil Co. ments should be arranged at final e x a m i n a t i o n s and term Allied Chemical Co. least two days prior to the time break. Whirlpool Corp. of inter view. Sperry Gyroscope Co. Week of Jan. 11-13, 1967 Wynadotte Chemical Corp. Bell Aerosystems Pennsalt Chemicals AVCO-New Idea Farm Equipment Week of Jan. 23-27, 1967 Week of Nov. 28-Dec. 2, 1966 Packaging Corp. of America General Electric Co. Goss Co. Applied Physics Laboratories Riegel Paper Co. P.R. Mallory City of Ann Arbor, Mich. Pacific Missle Range Modine Manufacturing Co. General Radio Corp. McGill Manufacturing Co W.R. Grace-Cryovac Div. General Motors Corp. Goddard Space Flight Center American-Enka Newport News Shipbuilding and Johns-Manville Co Chas. Pfizer Co. Dry Dock Co. Green Giant Co Rohm and Haas Sealright Corp. General Electric Co Carbon Production Div. Union Swift and Co. — R&D standard Brands Corp Carbide Anaconda Wire and Copper Co. Western Union Sealed Power Perfect Circle Factory Mutual Engineering Morse Chain Co. Corning Glass Works Keeler Brass Co. Dupont Air Reduction Co. Boeing Co. Wheelabrator Corp. Federal-Mogul Corp. Linde Div., Union Carbide Westinghouse Corp. International Telephone and National Aeronautics and Space Telegraph Co. (ITT) Week of Dec. 5-9, 1966 Administration (NASA) Reynolds Metals Co. Kellog Co. Republic Steel United Aircraft Corp. Symington-Wayne Honeywell U.S. Navy Development Center General Electric Co. Industrial Nucleonics Co. Inland Steel Container Div. Bunker Ramo Corp. of, Inland Steel McClouth Steel Co. Week of Jan. 30-31, 1967 Mechanical Handling Systems Co. Anchor-Hocking Glass Co. North American Aviation Marbon Chemical Division of U.S. Navy Propellant Plant Eastman Kodak Borg-Warner Massey-Ferguson Minnesota Mining and Illinois Dept. of Public Health Manufacturing Co. (3M) Central Soya co. Week of Jan. 17-21, 1967 Lockheed-California Co. Ingersoll-Rand Univac Pennsylvania Power and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Avis Industrial Corp. Light Co. Addressograph-Multigraph Brunswick Co. Kaydon Engineering Corp. Hercules Powder Co. Corp. Aberdeen Proving Fround (U.S Army) H.K. Ferguson Co. Atlas hospital-Battle V.A. chemical Industries Creek Continued expansion of our military and commercial business provides openings for virtually every technical talent. As you contemplate one of the most important decisions of your life, we suggest you consider career oppor- tunities at Pratt & Whitney Aircraft. Like most everyone else, we offer all of the usual " f r i n g e " benefits, in- cluding our Corporation-financed Graduate Education Program. But, far more important to you and your fu- ture, is the wide-open opportunity for professional growth with a company that enjoys an enviable record of stability in the dynamic atmosphere of aerospace technology. And make no mistake about it . . . you'll get a solid feelng of satisfaction from your contribution to our nation's economic growth and to its national defense as well. ENGINEERS... HAVE YOU CONSIDERED SUNDSTRAND AVIATION? Sundstrand Aviation, a leader in research, design, develop- ment, and production of high-performance, shaft-power conversion systems, now has over 100 active applications in aircraft secondary power, underwater propulsion, missile and space vehicle secondary power, and land vehicle propulsion. A continuing rise in sales to both the commercial and military markets has brought about a long-range expansion program that is providing new engineering facilities and many excellent job openings. There are challenging engineering positions open in many areas including: Project Engineering Electronic Circuit Design Hydraulic Pump and Motor Development Dynamic Analysis Product Testing Facility Automation ihcrmodynamic Analysis Control System Engineering Turbo-machinery Development Rotating Electrical Machine Design Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Instrumentation Engineering Current expansion and extensive new product development are rapidly increasing (he opportunities at Sundstrand Aviation. While it is the largest division of the Sundstrand Corporation, Sundstrand Aviation is still small enough so that the individual engineer can attain personal identification with his projects. Excellent fringe benefits include a company-sponsored Master's Degree Program. Arrange for a confidential interview with Duane Rohlfing, Manager of Professional Placement. . . Attention to detail is an old and in this case we found ours in In space, on land or beneath the sea BellSystem habit. Or maybe you call Cassiopeia A, a strong and stable -wherever we operate-we go into it thoroughness. Or follow-through. radio star that is always visible from things thoroughly. Andover. We measured the noise Sometimes we know when riot Anyway, we attended to an interesting power from Cassiopeia A during dry to come in out of the rain. detail recently-the effect of rain periods, and then measured the on the microwave link between a * * * reduction during rainy periods. The communications satellite and our result could be expressed as a You may well find a rewarding career pioneer ground station antenna formula and employed accurately in in the Bell System, where people at Andover, Maine. designing future ground stations. find solutions to unusual problems. If we could but measure the rain's Bell System Companies are equal The initial success of our Telstar® opportunity employers. Arrange effect, we could improve the design satellites proved the feasibility for an on-campus interview of satellite ground stations. The question was how. of communicating via space. through your Placement Office, or talk But it also opened the door-or the to a local Bell System Company. Well, you often labratory have to take your tools where you find them, heavens—to a whole new technology which we are now busily exploring in every detail. we are still on the same planet." "Walls do not a prison make " The alien glared morosely at He looked sharply at the midget, he told himself, conceding that the walls of his confinement. They who was squirming. did constitute a strong factor in were about the color and consis- "YouI" He aimed a finger at the composition. tency of mayonnaise on rye bread. the cowering form. "I know your The alien knew that it was some "Homerl" exclaimed the mid- kind. You wouldn't be happy or get. form of plastic, but he had not satisfied any place. But I cer- attempted to taste it. The cell was "Whaddya mean, 'Homer'?" not a ballroom, by any means, but tainly have better ways of wast- The male bitterly picked some comfortable enough for its three ing my time than sitting here grime out of a fingernail. inmates. The alien wondered if waiting for the red tape to stran- "Homer, homer, homer, hom- the other two were as unjustly gle whoever stuck us here." The e r , " said the midget, paddling imprisoned as he. midget opened one eye and made a around the periphery of the cell. supersonic cheering noise. The "What?" Finally the midget "Let's be p r a c t i c a l about female turned over and woke up, this," whined one of the o t h e r s - - condescended to point to a spot the funny misshapen one about leaving her eyes closed. on the wall. There was a little his own size. The third occupant "They couldn't have anything imprint there, like a manufac- appeared to be some kind Of mid on me. They just couldn't. They turer's, that said, in block let- get. couldn't. Why don't they tell us?" ters, HOMER. "Let's not be ridiculous," said The female babbled on to herself, The male looked at the next the alien. twisting her fingers nervously. panel, and the next, and the next. "They obviously don't pick up They all said "Homer" on them, The midget apparently took this kids and stupid women. So shut near the bottom. as a cue, and began r u n n i n g upl If anybody has to worry, it's The frustrated alien began re- around the cell, alternately me." And with that, the male searching the walls, poring over laughing and crying. The mis- tried to relax. The chair wasun- every square inch. This was all shapened one just rolled her eyes c o m f o r t a b 1 e, but he certainly getting to be too much of a bother. and groaned. "Why, oh why, can't we just be You'd think there'd be a door or logical?" The female stared down something someplace. her sunken chin into her absurb So the male kept on, in his way. bosom. The male wondered if she On the floor, the female was using perhaps had a broken neck. her own unimitable methods to "Shut up." Instead of being survive happily, snoring occas- logical, he tried to concentrate ionally. Flashes and songs ran on on being just rational. He stood and on through the head of the on the spongy floor, bouncing a midget. little, and considering the prob- Eventually the male destroyed lem of escape. He was irritated the chair against the wall and slightly by the sight of the female fell asleep, spreadeagled in the lying on the soft surface face down center of the cell. The female and muttering. babbled in her sleep. The midget The midget, it seemed, was fin- laughed and cried. ally r u n n i n g low on whatever When they were sure that the fueled him, but suddenly, bursting would not lie upon the floor. watching gas had taken effect, the two from his deceptive slowness, he Gradually his tenseness dissi- entities entered the knocked over the chair, the only pated, leaving behind only head- room. One stood and hummed piece of furniture in the whole ache. pleasantly while the other ex- cell. The place might be pretty amined the drugged aliens. small, thought the male, but it Being philosophical, thought "A good range of specimens, was big enough to run around in the male, was hardly helpful. without having to knock things The walls were not stone but a repeated the one who was not over. If you had to run around in very sturdy plastic. doctor. the first place, which was debat- |g "Four walls," said the alien, The other grunted. "Look here, able. do not a prison make," But he E, I don't like this approach, at spotted the error in this the min- all. I don't think that we can "Whaddya have to knock things ute he said it. He started count- gauge the level of sophistication over for?" In reply to this de- ing the walls. The midget was accurately (enough to test these mand, the midget shreiked pierc- covertly watching him. ingly and fell to the floor. creatures." "Well?" But the midget was He discovered that he had for- "A-ball, old fellow,' .said the having more to do with him. gotten to make the one he had started on. There were a lot of other. "We're only testing them The male righted the chair and them. He pushed the chair over on their own bases. Surely that's sat in it. The others were both against one facet. '""individuals vary. Youdonot prone. The female was sleeping. allow enough for aberrations." The midget was pretending to be! There were thirty-three walls. "Now, A, give me achanceto The alien stared at the walls. 1 his was somewhat interesting complete my case. I saythateven "We are in here," he said, but not informative. The midget if they are unable to solve any and we wish to be out. I don't began crawling around the cir- of the chamber, we canstillde- know about either of you, but cumference of the cell, pretend- termine their level by observing I ve got things to do, and things ing to count. The male moved their reactions to the puzzic," that have to be done. I assume the chair away from the wall ana sat down again. CONTINUED ON P A S * * A brand-new, complete guide to forging design and specification If you design, specify or buy forged parts, you need this new Forging Industry Handbook-the first such complete work in years. The following list of chapter headings indicates the comprehensive manner in which this new vol- ume discusses modern forgings and forging tech- nology : Introduction to Forgings/Advantages of Forgings/Applications of Forgings/Metallurgi- cal Characteristics of Forgings/Forging Proc- esses and Methods/Forging Design Principles and Practices/Forging Materials/Heat Treatment of Forgings/Manufacture of Forgings/Forging Fa- cilities/Controlled Quality Forging/Purchasing of Forgings. Whatever your interest in forgings may be, you are bound to benefit from the data and other useful information contained in this handbook. Mail this coupon (along with your check or money order*) to the Forging Industry Associ- ation, 1121 Illuminating Building, 55 Public Square, Cleveland, Ohio 44113. Put yourself in ourPlace. Come grow with us. We started in boilers and steam generation, then moved on to atomic power stations, nu- clear marine propulsion, computers and control systems, closed circuit TV and specialty machine tools. (We still make the best boiler in America.) , that launches an entirely new product,We're big enough ($480 million last year) to take onsomepretty exciting projects. But small enough to give you a challeng- ing job, not just desk space. Want to talk about the future? Write to The Babcock & Wilcox Company, 161 East42St., Tomorrow, who knows? You could be on the B &W team New York, N. Y. 10017. A good place to workandgrow. Walls. . . *SP*A*C*E*. . .utterly convinc- ing. They didn't even get the CONTINUED FROM P A G E 26 ing as magnificently staged for one about Homer." "Granted. However, we should the benefit of none in an en- "Ah, yes," said E. "The Du- not drop in on the smallest since closed bone amphitheater. . . plication, the depth, but no hori- it is apparently a gelatinous and on the stage, in halflight, is the zons in these ones. There are unformed member of the race. tundra. . .and the Owl in his other races, A." And that one," he pointed to the tree. . .and the multiplyingly "Perhaps. . .perhaps you have- misshapen one, "we have noted stultifying Redundants. . .and the n't given them chance enough." as not belonging to the domin- sad muted disk of the sun. . . "No," said E firmly. "Their ent caste. Hence we must take the familiar landscape of marsh- depth isn't extended that 'high' the remaining one, who may be grass barrenness. . .but suddenly either; not consistently, anyway. deranged or defective." the darkness moves a notch: Remember the old Latin — no "We can ascertain that for BLOCK! a wall. . .a discordant word for 'up'? It would seem ourselves," said E. "Shall we note intrudes and swells in a they haven't progressed far be- drop in on him?" strident cacophony of animal fear yond that stage. There will be "After you," said A. . . .and the overtones and under- other races and other places." currents invade, pervade, under- "You may be correct. . . " (. . .the essence of rest. . . mine, and overwhelm. . .BLoCK! ''Yes. Let's straighten up here, the p r e s s i n g of unaccustomed another wall. . .BLOCK!. . . and get back to the control room. solidity. . .the faint taint of BLOCK! BLOCK! BLOCK! . . As Civil Service Recruiters, we ozone and oil. . .the unconsci- the walls closing in. . .squeez- don't even rank the space loonies, ous awareness of position as r e - ing. . .the Walls. . .BLOCK! and I'm sure the topper would like ported by word of ear. . .the tiny the walls! the walls! the WALLS!!! to pop these back and get going breath of ventilating air. . .an in- . . .) again. Other races, A-ball." distinct rumbling faraway, hov- "Hmm? Yes." A s h r u g g e d ering above the brightstar (would The entities disengaged them- tiredly. "You may be correct." I were steadfast as thou art) selves forcibly, shuddering a bit. "Right," said E. "As Pope, I outlet as glimpsed from dark At their feet, the alien groaned, b e l i e v e , once remarked: 'the depths. . .sensory twinges. . . still locked in mortal combat p r o p e r s t u d y of mankind is all the impressions of the phy- with himself. man.'" sical self transmuted into the Old A-ball sighed. "I'm afraid His c o m r a d e and colleague leaping gloriousness of fantasy I see what you mean. The depth snorted and they both levitated unsublimated from the Id on a is there, but the mental nar- through the roof opening. sweeping background of remem- rowness, the limitations, the in- bered s p a n g l e d s t a r s and ability to see beyond condition- flag Pole . . . CONTINUED FROM PAGE 13 major dams and 620 minor ones, ine largest dam in Latin Amer- ica, the "Netzahualcoyotl," built in the south east, was erected by SHR. It has 5 tunnels 14 meters in diameter and an impounding capacity of 12,500 million cubic meters of water. IN a d d i t i o n to building dams the SHR is entrusted with the con- struction r oavnidd e management of works to P Potable water andtodispose°f sewage in small Cities a11over the towns re and public. These two additional services have g r e a t l y improved sanitation, and in many tropical areas eliminated ailments as ma- laria and a host of o t h e r Plagues that formerly ravaged the popu- lation. The SHR's technical and scien- tific personnel have demon- strated an i n v a r isae bl l e sense of responsibility, f-determina- tion,andpatrioticzeal, providing a great impetus to Mexico's route forward. moon man? moon talk! Imagine hearing from the Man on the Moon! You will. And the first American voice that speaks to earth from moon will arrive by the help of a Motorola transceiver. Each of the 8 major phases of the historic Apollo space mission which will carry the first American astronauts to the surface of the moon—from pre-launch checkout.. .through moon landing and exploration . . . to earth return—will receive the critically important support of Motorola electronics equipment. But back to moon talk. Enroute to the moon—a Motorola Up Data Link on board the Command Service Module will receive mission data from earth. When the Apollo astronaut speaks to earth from the moon, a Motorola transceiver will help send his voice to us. A small Motorola-designed backpack antenna as- sociated with the communication system will relay his words to LM (the Lunar Module that landsthe astronauts on the moon), where the transceiver assists in relaying them on to earth. A Motorola transponder will also help provide television, voice, and digital communications . . . across 238,857 miles. Actually-ever since the first Mercury space flight in 1961, sophisticated Motorola electronics have played a vital role in controlling, signaling, tracking, and communicating in Amer- ica's manned space programs. Motorola equipment has been on every single U.S. manned spacecraft mission. Reliably. Official mission reports confirm that a Motorola unit has never malfunctioned or failed to operate on any of these flights. So when the conversation gets around to "moon talks" and moon walks," count Motorola in. And, by the way, you'll find Motorola's name on plenty of down-to-earth products, too! Want the opportunity to explore your discipline? At Douglas, your discipline is your own to explore, enrich, expand. You'll work in our extensive and exceptional Southern California facilities, where then are many independent research and development programs underway. You'll be near fine colleges and universities, where you can study for advanced degrees. If you want to publish a paper, we'll encourage it. In fact, we encourage anything that means professional growth for a young scientist or engineer on his way up. Send your resume to L. E Kilgore, Corporate Offices, Box 662-K, Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc., Santa Monica, California. An equal opportunity employer Industrial News Experimental unit for the plasma arc reduction of ores uses intense heat of a plasma of reducing gas to reduce fine particles of iron ore to pure iron. The reducing gas is electrically heated to a high temperature as it passes through an electric arc. A reaction between the high temperature gas and the iron oxide injected into it re- moves the oxygen, leaving fine particles of pure iron. The process is representative of some of the exciting new fields now being studied at Bethlehem Steel Cor- poration's Homer Research Laboratories, situated near Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Improved silicon transistors fabricated by Rudolph Schmidt at Bell Telephone Laboratories have a base layer of boron-diffused silicon that is about one-half the thickness of those previously attained. The thin base layer contributes to a cut-off frequency of more than 7 GHz, the highest reported thus far. The epilayer of arsenic-doped silicon forms the collector of the tran- sistor. The emitter strip, only one micron wide, is phosphorus-diffused silicon. 3st, economical method of setting cold type, with ity approaching that of hot type, was introduced y by IBM's Office Products Division. The new IBM lectric" Composer prepares camera-ready copy tor is, catalogs, brochures and newspapers. new "Composer" features semi-automatic justifi- on. As shown above, the operator draft-types the ', ending just inside the desired margin. The ma- e then automatically measures how much space 'ins between the last word typed and the margin; ng the second and final typing, the "Composer matically adds the necessary units of space between words to end the copy exactly on the margin. Industrial News A new advance in fermentation equipment has been developed by New Brunswick Scientific Company, New Brunswick, N. J., that allows steam-steriliz- able pilot plant fermentators to be operated with pushbutton convenience. Set the dials, throw the switches, and a series of sequential operations controls steam sterilization and environmental growth conditions. The new development is an important safety factor. In previous designs every phase of the operation had to be performed manually or electrically, with a relatively high risk of human error entering the experiment. The semi-automated fermentors greatly minimize the risk of sequence mistakes that might cause contamination. The new fermentor employs electrically operated process valves in a special control circuit that provides automatic operation without expensive laboratory supervision. By energizing only a few switches, the fermentors initiate medium sterilization; air inlet and exhaust sterilization; agitation and aeration; as well as electronic control of temperature, foam and pH. The valves are electrically interlocked to per- form in perfect sequence, minimizing operating errors. The NBS Fermacell, a semi-automated pilot plant fermentor, is suitable for microbiological and biochem- ical research, including laboratory, pilot-plant, and small-scale industrial fermentations, is available in three sizes for working volumes up to 40, 100, or 200 liters. Mass cultivation of microbial cells and yield of their metabolites can be achieved in batch production or continuous culture, with wide latitude in the control of agitation, aeration, temperature, pressure, pH, and other process variables. Optimum conditions are easily maintained for the cultivation of a broad range of organisms, including aerobic and anerobic bacteria, streptomycetes, molds and yeast, and mammalian and plant tissue cultures. Culture samples are removed through a sampling tube near the bottom of the vessel or through a bottom drain. Ports for sampling, harvesting, addition of inoculum, nutrient, antifoam, and pH reagent may be steamed individually during sterilization and during operation, since each port has its own steam supply and a steam cap for sterilization of its hose fitting. Air and other gas mixtures are bubbled through the broth by means of a ring-type or single-orifice sparger, and the flow, adjustable at the control panel. Accessory equipment includes a mobile hydraulic lift for raising or lowering the Fermacell vessel, an automatic pH controller for continuous monitoring, recording, and control of pH, steam-ster.l.zable pH Electrode assemblies, a steam-injection humidifying system to compensate for normal evaporation losses, and an air incinerator for added safety in the sterilization of the fermentor air supply and exhaust gases. Other accessories include a submersible ultraviolet light for immersion in the medium to achieve max- imun irradiation, and a mobile refrigerated harvest cart for rapid cooling and storage of harvested cells. new glass composition with extended infrared trans- " V s s l o n serves as part of the " e y e " of Redeye - the shoulder-fired surface-to-air missile. The new material, Tracfemarked Cortran, is used in the 2K2-inch-diameter "°se dome on the heat-seeking Redeye. The glass, ^°m.ng Code 9753, transmits 82 per cent of infrared energy a t 4 m i c r o n s ( 4 0 0 0 0 Angstroms). The extended , n ? e o f trQ nsmission is equivalent to extending sensing Dl "ty from about 1,200°F to 800° F - thus allowing a r e ^ r S e n s i t i v i t y to heat sources. The Redeye domes shown in a ceramic mounting collar. In 1916 The Boeing Company's career was launched on the wings of a small sea- aerospace technology. Or you might want helping to create something unique- plane. Its top speed was 75 mph. to get in on the ground floor of a pioneer- while building a solidcareer.Seeyour Now, half a century later, we can help ing new project. college placement office or write directly you launch your career in the dynamic en- You'll work in small group where ini- to: Mr. T. J. Johnston,TheBoeingCom- vironment of jet airplanes, spacecraft, mis- tiative and ability get maximum exposure siles, rockets, helicopters, or even seacraft. And if you desire an advanced degree and Boeing is an equal opportunity employeer Pick your spot in applied research, de- quality, Boeing will with its Graduate help you financially Study Program at lead- sign, test, manufacturing, service or facil- ities engineering, or computer technology. You can become part of a Boeing pro- ing universities and colleges near com- gram-in-being, at the leading edge of pany facilities. s h e e r h a r d w Oftenitwillbesheer ork. But we think you'll want it that way when you're RCA K n o w s HOW in Electronic Components and Devic You are facing a very important decision. When you In addition, you will work in a distinguished scientific • select the company that you want to join, consider how and engineering environment. important it is for your future career to join the leader, You owe it to yourself to find out more about the For example, in this one area alone-Electronic Com- great range of activities at RCA. See your college ponents and Devices-you will find that RCA has set placement director, or write to College Relations, standards of engineering excellence, in an environment Radio Corporation of America, Cherry Hill, New forlearning,that is second to none. Jersey 08101. EE, ME and IE opportunities exist for all degree Whatever your field of interest—we would like to levels in every phase of research, design and develop- hear from you. ment, information systems, manufacturing, computer An Equal Opportunity Employer marketing, and purchasing with RCA. Another consideration-- we believe in individual growth. There are training programs, graduate educa- tion programs, and in-house courses-all designed to encourage your individual development and growth. "Peter, are you sure it is I And then there was the one The meek little bank clerk had you are in love with and not my about the rather forlorn engi- his suspicions. One day he left clothes?" neer who, on seeing a pigeon fly- work early and, sure enough, at "Test me, darling." ing directly overhead, exclaimed home he found a strange hat and "Go ahead, everyone else does!" umbrella in the hallway and his wife was on the couch in the living be room in the arms of another man. Wild for revenge, the husband M.E.: "I went out with a girl An old colored mammy had last night who really had some- picked up the man's umbrella quadruplets. She named them thing." and snapped it in two across his Eenie, Meenie, Minie, and Fred. E.E.: "So?" knee. She said she didn't want any "There!" he exclaimed. "Now M'.EV: "I think I've got it." Moe. I hope it rains!" Papa Stork: "Well, I guess I'll 5e go out and deliver a few baby Nine out of ten engineers who boys." tried Camels preferred women. Mama Stork: "Believe I'll go She: I want a man who can out and deliver a few baby girls." hold me close to him, like Gable; Baby Stork: "Well I guess I'll who can kiss me like Gregory go out and scare the hell out of Peck; who can make my blood be some college kids." boil, like Tyrone Power; who can breathe fire into my body «•# and soul, like Victor Mature. Can The house guests were as- you do all that?" sembled with their hosts in the 5e He: "I'm afraid not! But I can living room after dinner, chatting pleasantly, when the five-year- Then there was the groom who bite you, like Lassie." old daughter of the host appeared finished his wifes first breakfast, suddenly in the room, her clothes muttering, "Can't cook either." dripping with water. She couw Definition of a cad: scarcely articulate, so great was A man who tells his wife he is her emotion, and her parents rose Little Joey was a chemist. sterile after she becomes preg- in consternation as she enterea. Little Joey is no more. nant. What he thought was H2O "You-you," the little girl bab- Was H2SO4 bled, pointing to the male of the Se house guests, "You're the one who left the seat up. be Know what they call an abortion in Czechoslovakia? Then there was the M.E.,who An Indian with young ideas A cancelled Czech. managed to swap his 40-year- thought that steel wool was the old squaw for two 20 year-old fleece from a hydraulic ram. maidens at the annual tribal pow- wow. Mother: "Well, son, what have you been doing all day?" The next year he returned and Son: "Shooting craps, moth- be asked for his former wife back. er." "Me not wired for two 20," he A small kid, running out of a explained. Mother: " T h a t must s t o p . burlesque show wasgrabbedbya Those little things have as much doorman who asked himwhatwas right to live as you do." the matter. The kid said, "My Found on a fall registration Mama told me if Iever looked card of a freshman engineering "What are you doing in the cel- at anything bad I'd turn to stone student at MSU: lar, children?" " M a k i n g love," c a m e the ...and I can feel it starting!" Name of Parents: Mommy and reply. Daddy. "That's nice. Don't fight." Engineers Image. . . on his chair, and the last verse ries, or a literary magazine for was fairly shouted across the engineers - - the possibilities cafeteria. He set down again, to are endless. Good luck with your "En-gi-neer! En-gi-neer! the roar of enthusiastic applause. new image." Your problems arc my "What do you think?" he asked. "Thanks," he said, and aa I problems. "You'll go a long way," I walked away I thought I heart We stand tall, oh En-gl-neer! said as I rose to leave. "Who him mutter, "Literary magazine, knows? You might even start yeah. I could call it Electronic By now my friend was standing your own Lecture-Concert Se- Zeitgeist. . . " Got an idea? Detroit Edison's interested. Newideasgrow at Detroit Edison.The picture story termination of the soundness of standing timber. here shows the progress of one, from its concep- Detroit Edison's forward looking management tion through its development, to finalization. . . . its engineering and research facilities . . . The development of the sonic pole testing de- along with its liberal patent policy . . . make it an vice has benefited the company and the young ideal place for the young man with ideas. If you are interested in putting your ideas and inventorbotheconomicallyand professionally. The device helps Detroit Edition s e r v e t h e e l e c t r i c in- energies to work—write to George Sold, The Detroit Edison Company, 2000 Second Avenue, Detroit, dustry'scustomersbetter and more economically. Michigan 48226, or visit the Edison representative Uses for the sonic pole tester range from the when he interviews on campus. examination of wooden railroad bridges to the de- HOWARD HUGHES DOCTORAL FELLOWSHIPS. Applica- on their field of concentration and optimum work assignment tions for the Howard Hughes Doctoral Fellowships in engineer- Fellows earn full salary during the summer and prorata salary ing, physics, or mathematics are now available for the academic for 24 hours work a week during the academic year. The com- year beginning in Autumn 1967. bined salary and stipend enables Fellow to enjoy an income in The program offers the qualified candidate an outstanding excess of $6,500 per year during his two years as a Work-study opportunity for study and research at a selected university, plus Fellow. Salaries are increased commensurate with profession professional industrial summer experience at a Hughes facility. growth and Fellows are eligible for regular Company benefits Each Doctoral Fellowship includes tuition, books and thesis Work assignments are matched closely to the Fellow's interests preparation expenses, plus stipend ranging from $2,200 to Primary emphasis at Hughes is research and development in $3,100, depending upon the Program year and the number of the field of electronics for application to defense systems and candidate's dependents. Full salary is paid the Fellow during his space technology. Fields of interest include stability and trajec- summer work at Hughes. Salaries are reviewed periodically and tory analysis, energy conversion, structural design and analysis increased with the growth of the individual. Fellowships are — computer and reliability technology, circuit and information awarded to outstanding students who have completed a master's theory, plasma electronics, microminiaturization, and human degree (or equivalent) and have been accepted as a candidate factor analysis —research, development and product design on for the doctoral degree. such devices as parametric amplifiers, masers and lasers, micro- HUGHES MASTERS FELLOWSHIPS. Approximately 100 wave tubes, antenna arrays, electron-tube and solid-state dis- new awards for '67'68 are available to qualified applicants with plays, and components —design analysis, integration and test a baccalaureate degree in engineering, mathematics or physics. ing of space and airborne missile and vehicle systems, infrared Most of these awards are Work-Study Fellowships; a very lim- search and tracking systems, and computer, data processing ited number are Full-Study. Upon completion of the Masters and display systems — theoretical and experimental work in Program, Fellows are eligible to apply for and are given special solid-state and ion physics. consideration for a Hughes Doctoral Fellowship. Fellows who associate with a Company facility in the Los Angeles Citizenship: American citizenship and eligibility for security area usually attend the University of Southern California or the clearance are required. University of California, Los Angeles. Tuition, books and other Closing date for all applications: Early application is advis- academic expenses are paid by the Company, plus a stipend able. All materials should be postmarked not later than February ranging from $500 to $850 for the academic year. A significant 1 for the Doctoral Fellowships, and March 1 for the Masters advantage offered by the Work-Study Program is the opportunity Fellowships. to acquire professional experience working with highly compe- How to apply: To apply for either the Doctoral or Masters tent engineers and scientists while pursuing the M.S degree Fellowship, write to: Mr. James C. Cox, Manager, Persons Selected Fellows have the option to work in several different Administration— Corporate Industrial Relations, Hughes Aircraft assignments during the Fellowship period to help them decide Company, P.O. Box 90515, Los Angeles, California 90009. Who says your only future at International Harvester will be in farm equipment? This snorkel-equipped fire-fighter is only one of hundreds of different trucks made by International, world's largest producer of heavy-duty trucks. We're also a leader in construction equipment. Our farm equipment busi- ness is at an all-time high. We're an important steelmaker, too. We even make marine engines. And we're rapidly expanding our aerospace side. When you choose a career with International Harvester, you choose a career in POWER. Providing mechanical power for everything from high-speed tractors to helicopters is our business. A two-billion-dollar-a-year busi- ness. Because we make so many different mechanical power products, we need a variety of engineering talent. Especially mechanical, industrial, agricultural, metallurgical, general and civil engineers. We offer you an ideal combination of opportunity, responsibility and individual treatment. There's plenty of room for you to grow at IH. Finagle's Axioms and the Snafu Equation There is also an equation, called On Production & Testing the general snafu equation, which re- 1. The most vital dimension on any lates actual experimental results with plan or drawing stands the great- actual correct results. The equation, est chance of being omitted. with its empirical proof is presented, As Engineering students, it is im- in the form of a theorem, immediately 2. Major design changes will always portant that we should know not only following the list of axioms. arrive after construction is nearly the goals and extent of engineering, complete. but also the horizons and limitations. NOTE: This list of axioms may not One of the primary differences be- be complete. If the reader is aware of 3. Parts that positively cannot be as- tween a scientist and an engineer is any other axioms, please notify the sembled in improper order will that whereas a scientist wants to know author of them, c/o this publication. be. exactly what is happening inside a It will be greatly appreciated, emp 4. Interchangable parts won't. device, an engineer is satisfied if the device works well. True, theory is very Finagle's Axioms 5. A part requiring service or ad- important to an engineer, but let us On Experimentation & Calculations justment will be in the least ac not forget that our primary purpose is cessable position. to apply the theory to some beneficial 1. In any calculation or experiment, purpose. any error which can creep in will 6. Service conditions as given in do so. specifications will be exceeded. In applying theories, it is often necessary, in the interest of labor- 2. Those factors which cannot go 7. All delivery promises must be savings, to make "engineering approx- wrong, will probably go wrong multiplied by a factor of 2.00. imations," some of which tend to leave anyway. 8. M a n u f a c t u r e r s specifications of Pure scientists and mathematicians performance must be multiplied 3. No matter what goes wrong, it white-faced and shuddering. As engi- will probably look right. by a factor of 0.50. neers, however, we merely shrug and proceed, often throwing caution to the 4. Any error will be in the direction 9. Salesmen's claims for perform- winds. of most harm. ance must be multiplied by a 5. Constants, especially those from factor of 0.25. Because of the many approximations and assumptions which are commonly engineering handbooks, must be 10. Installation and operating_instruc used, there is usually some inconsis- treated as variables. rions will be promptly d.scarded tency in experimental work. by the shipping department. 6. When an error has been found and corrected, it will be found to 11. The best approximation or service There are some twenty-nine axioms, have been correct in the first conditions in the lab will not be- known as Finagles axioms, which place. gin to meet those conditions en- should be known by every engineer who is concerned with experimenta- 7. Any data, which, when included countered in the field. tion, calculation, production or testing. in a calculation, produces the de- 12. If only one bid can be secured sired result, are fair data for the on any project, thepricewillbe They are presented here in two sec- calculation. tions, one concerned with experimen- unreasonable. tation and calculation, the other with 8. (Corollary to # 7 ) If enough production and testing. The axioms ,3. If a safety factor issetthrough data is available, anything may are arranged in semi-logical order, (i.e. be proven by statistical means. service experience at a maximum as logically as possible), and are num- value, someone willpromptlyde- bered separately in each section. 9. Hell hath no fury like an unjusti- vise a method to exceed said fied assumption. safety factor. 14. Identical units which test in iden- Where: conditions at some time t at the south tical fashion will behave dissim- 1 end of a lab, say at position xi, posi- x represents the correct results; ilarly in the field. tive x being to the north. Suppose x represents the experimental re- that Q is performed by a second sum [5, If a test installation functions sults; lar group at the north end, say xi 4- perfectly, all subsequent produc- tion units will malfunction. 30, also at time t. It will soon be Ki r e p r e s e n t s Finagle's constant discovered that the conclusions of the (variable); 16. Warranty and guarantee clauses two groups do not agree. If both are voided by payment of the in- KL> represents the fudge factor; groups repeat the experiment at some voice. later time, say t1, it will be seen that K:i represents the Bugger variable neither group can duplicate the previ- (constancy); ous data; i.e., there will be four sets The Snafu Equation of conclusions, no two of which are K4 represents the Diddle factor; Theorem; the same. K5, Kii, K7, . . . are as yet unknown, The results of an experiment per- although Further attempts at duplication will formed under controlled laboratory only produce more sets of inconsistent conditions by competent personnel, us- K5 is generally known as the to- data. Thus, it is seen that the Snafu ing accurately calibrated e q u i p m e n t hellwithit factor. equation holds, although since the K's can be described by the following non- vary in semi-random fashion (i.e. convergent infinite power series, whose NOTE: The proof is not rigorous, sometimes random, sometimes not, thus coefficients are semi-random functions but empirical. In fact, no known rig- preventing use of random number of space and time. orous proof exists, which bothers us tables in the solution), it is of little- not at all. practical use. This may, indeed, be the x1 = Kix + K 2 x- + K;(x:l + reason that K.-, appears to be the most 4 5 11 Suppose that a certain experiment, K.x + K,,x 4- K.'.x + say Q, is performed under the specified commonly used term. Here's a close-up of our new $5,000,000 facility here, cloistered, nourished and encouraged. ou called Timken Research. engineers and metallurgists work on product We expect great ideas to come out of this building. development and equipment development, The It's located outside Canton, Ohio, about ten miles from our headquarters and main have one aim: to produce Timken® bearings plant. Timken steel and Timken rockbitsthatwill Timken Research is one of the deliver even longer life at lowe largest research and development cost in more applications. centers in the bearing industry. Here we match up tough prob- The Timken Roller Bearing lems and inquisitive people. company, Canton, Ohio. Manu Applied research flourishes facturers of Tapered Roller B e a r i n g s , Fine Alloy Steel and Removable Rock Bits. It's a good system if you like it There are slots. Slots need people to fill them. Someone exists who was born and educated to fill each slot. Find him. Drop him in. Tell him how lucky he is. Look in once in a while to make sure he still fits his slot. This orderly concept has much to commend it, plus one fault: some of the people most worth finding don't like it. Some very fine employers have not yet discovered the fault. It is not up to us to point it out to them. Luckily for us, we needn't be so tightly bound to the slot system. We can offer choice. A certain combination of the factors diversification, size, centralization, and corporate philosophy makes it feasible to offer so much choice. Choice at the outset. Choice later on. Choice between quiet persistence and the bold risks of the insistent innovator. Choice between theory and practice. Choice between work in the North and South. Choice between work wanted by the govern- ment and work wanted directly by families, by business, by education, by medicine, by science. To the extent that the slot idea helps channel choice we use it, of course. A corporation such as this is one means of coordinating the strength of large numbers of effective persons. You may feel that in the years ahead this type of organization must change. You may feel that it must not change. Either way, to get a chance to steer you have to come on board. Advice to electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, chemical engi- neers, chemists, and physicists —still on campus or as much as ten years past the academic procession: while one starts by filling a slot, it 'soon proves more fun to make one. No detailed list of openings ap- pended herewith. Next week it would be different. G. C. Durkin is Director of Business and Technical Personnel, Eastman Kodak Com- pany, Rochester, N. Y. 14650.