Jobs that just might change the world. Put power stations M a k e rOOmfor 132 million new Amer- S e e in t h e dark with the company icans with the company that is doing that perfected Side Look radar. It does On the mOOn with the company that something right now to provide homes is developing atomic power plants to everything from taking high-resolution for the children expected to be born in aerial reconnaissance images on a dark operate in remote areas with no external the next three decades. Westinghouse is night to mapping natural resources. If fuel. On the moon — or on other stations developing new ways to heat, light and you're interested in plotting new break- in deep space — these units will provide cool buildings, new ways to start from throughs in radar technology, get with the power to sustain life over long peri- scratch and build complete new cities. the company that started it all. ods of time. There are few precedents to What we're looking for now is city lean on in space project work. Which in- builders. dicates the type of individuals Westing- house is looking for. These graduates needed: Physical Sci- ences, Electrical Engineering, Mechani- cal Engineering, Chemical Engineering. These graduates needed: Mechanical T a k e O f f with the company that pro- Engineering, Electrical Engineering, These graduates needed: Engineering, vides electric power systems for most Aerospace Engineering, Physical Sci- Construction Technology, Physical Sci- of the commercial jet aircraft in the free ences, Nuclear Engineering, Chemical ences, Social Sciences, Engineering Ad- world. Westinghouse reliability has cut Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering. ministration, Industrial Technology. airborne electric power system mainte- nance costs 50% in five years. Now the job is to design and build electric power Double America's electric Come to the ladies'aid with the systems for some of the largest and fastest aircraft the world has ever seen. POWeTwith the company that is invest- company that developed the only elec- ing $370 million to expand manufactur- tric range that cleans its own oven and ing facilities for power equipment. You also broils both sides of a steak at once. see why when you realize that America's Westinghouse makes appliances that win power needs are going to double by praise from industrial design groups and 1980. But added plant capacity isn't the housewives. So we're looking for people complete solution. We're also develop- who know the practical side of dishwash- ing the most advanced equipment de- ing, for instance, as well as the theory signs the electric industry has ever of ultrasonic cleaning. seen. That's where you come in. 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Simply this: If you want to work for a company with a broadly diversified range of engineering opportunities . . with an ^he-job growth program . . . with an opportunity to continue your education througha liberal tuition refund program . . . with industry's most flexible training Program, send for a copy of our latest career booklet. Expect a prompt reply. A strong stroke isn't enough to win in freestyle swimming. Experts say: "Watch the turns." "A champion won't touch with his hand," they tell us. "He begins his overhead tumble with a downward stab of his right arm, twists as his feet hit, then explodes forward with a powerful pushoff." Their conclusion: "Experience and smart coaching develop a championship turn." We believe it. That's why we've put together the most experienced and best-coached team of bearing and steel engineers in the world. To make doubly sure that Timken bearings give our customers a perfect turn. If you're up to facing the challenges of modern industry if you've got the initiative, ingenuity and training to thrive on tough problems, join the team. Write the Timken Roller Bearing Company, Canton, Ohio 44706. Tell our Manager of College Relations that you'd like to talk it over. STAFF ARTICLES: Gary Romans editor New Directions in Laboratory Instruction Tom Schafer features for Engineering Students Commission on Engineering Education • • • • 9 Jack Simmons circulation An Electrical Wife Speaks Out Anonymous 14 Patti Stephayn copy Andrew Levenfeld staff writer An Engineering Engagement Anonymous 19 Clifford Arthur staff writer Contest - Where it's at 24 Mike Fellberg s t a ff writer BHI W e Owning A Stero Madhouse 27 "k s t a ff write, The Philosopher-Engineer Archie Lamb s t a ff writer by Stephan R. Farrell 30 ADVISOR 19 Ways To Flunk Any Course 39 The Theory Jack Built 42 DEPARTMENTS: 5 Editorial Industrial News 50 Engrineers 53 WINGTIPS FOREVER I t seems that our policy of belittling the "engineer looking" engineer has paid off. Every term I see less slide rules and more grubs. I don't know if there is any relationship between this change and the Spartan Engineer but I hope so. The thing I am sad about, however, is that after three years of consistently win- ning the title of "Grubbiest Electrical Engineer" it is getting close to the time when I must sell out for good and clean up. Being a senior, I have started the normal senior chore of job interviewing. The days have come when I have put aside my boots, jeans, and turtleneck, and have walked into class with my suit on to be greeted by cries of "Hey, Romans must have a job interview today!" I am not looking forward to the day when I will put down my campus wear for the last time and begin the 9-to-5 white shirt whirl, but I know it must happen if I want to work. It is scary to think of the day when I must go out and start buying white shirts and ties to make myself look like the business "Image of an Engineer . I enjoyed dressing grubby in college, and it was worth it just to see the "He's in my class?" look of professors the first day of classes. There are still a few months left, however, and I plan to enjoy every day that there is no job mtemew, At Christmas I went out and bought my last pair of cowboy boots. But as I was leaving the salesman said "How about some wingtips?" It was sad. I almost bought them. SYMBOL DEPLETION We've almost lost a good word, and we hate to see it go. The movie industry may feel the same way about words such as colossal, gigantic, sensational and history-making. They're good words-good sym- bols. But they've been overused, and we tend to pay them little heed. Their effectiveness as symbols is being depleted. One of our own problems is with the word "opportunity." It's suffering sym- bol depletion, too. It's passed over with scant notice in an advertisement. It's been used too much and too loosely. I his bothers us because we still like to talk about opportunity. A position "t ( ollms holds great potential. Potential for involvement in designing and producing some of the most important communication systems in the world. Potential for progressive advancement in responsibility and income. Unsurpassed potential for pride-in-product. That's opportunity. And we wish we could use the word more often. No matter what your field of inter- (both color and monochrome) and lent schools . . . excellent residential est, if you work for Magnavox, re- areas. With Magnavox, you re not stereophonic sound equipment for sponsibility comes early. 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College Relations to grow as a professional . . . to ex- satellite navigation receivers; and Coordinator, The Magnavox Com- tend your formal education (at our specialized systems for data storage, pany, 2131 Bueter Road, Fort expense) and, informally, to partic- retrieval and transmission. Wayne, Indiana 46803. ipate in company-sponsored contin- More than just work uing education courses. And you'll Magnavox has plants in Indiana. Magnavox needs professionals no* be encouraged to use your knowl- Illinois. California, Tennessee Mis- sissippi and North Carolina and, no in the areas of: edge . . . to rethink old problems for Chemical Engineering better solutions . . . to resolve new matter which one you join, you're problems that have never been close to good living. Big league Electrical Engineering answered before. sports, both professional and ama- Mechanical Engineering Many opportunities at teur . . participation sports to Physics Magnavox stretch your own muscles. Excellent Production Engineering cultural facilities . . . or the chance Magnavox produces fine television just to relax and live a little. Excel- An equal opportunity employer m/f. EXPLORE the potential for pro sional achievement at the Nava nance Station, Indian Head Few technical fields offer you as opportunities for an exciting nd warding career as the rapidly grow field of chemical propulsion. Indian is a recognized leader in reseach velopment, production, and evalu of propel la nts and rocket propulsio systems and has advanced the stat the-art of chemical propulsion thro participation with the Departmenet Defense and NASA. Indian Head made important contributions to the laris Poseidon, and Sidewinder pro sion systems as well as virtually missile system in use bytheFleet Located 25 miles south of wash ton, D.C., Indian Head is cose to cultural, social, and scientific adv tages of the Nation'sCapitalofferin opportunities for pleasant suburba country life within a few miles of tain and shore resorts. Professional positionsavailablein Engineering This is a report on laboratory instruction for undergraduate engineering students. It represents the findings and recom- mendations of an ad hoc group,1 organized by the Com- mission on Engineering Education, to study and reveal: 1. The need for new developments and new thinking in laboratory instruction. 2. Some of the efforts by schools to improve their effectiveness in laboratory instruction. 3. Some techniques for injecting new life and vigor into the engineering laboratory. The Visible Problem Each of the six functions listed needs some further The problem which motivated this study will not be clarification, although some overlap appears unavoida- ble. surprising to many. It states in essence: the engineer- Familiarization is that type of laboratory work most ing laboratory is in serious trouble. The symptoms are commonly found in university activities. It is directed quite visible: . . at illustrating principles and behavior and fixing these 1. The amount of laboratory instruction is being drasti- principles and behavior in the student's mind. These cally reduced in many institutions. concepts may or may not have already been treated in 2. Professors are abandoning the laboratory to gradu- the classroom or in reading assignments. This form of ate teaching assistants. laboratory might also be used to introduce the student 3. Many students seem to develop an apathy toward to the real world—for example, the demonstration of the laboratory, and some indicate that report writing is the most useful part of the laboratory experience. a basic concept fundamental to a familiar system. 4. In many cases, the instructional laboratory, both in Model identification is applied equally to devices facilities and tasks, bears little resemblance to the real and systems. If one cannot quantitatively identify world. materials, components, or systems by analytic means, 5. The resources, in manpower and funds, applied to which is usually the most economic method, experi- instructional laboratories, are usually inadequate for main- mentation must be employed. Clearly, an important taining a reasonable program and are completely inade- aspect of model identification is the determination of quate for carrying out new developments and improve- the range of validity of the model. Many engineering ments. systems being synthesized are far ahead of the state of 6. Those who evaluate the work of faculty members give little if any recognition to their efforts in instruc- the art in the technology of the system. In such cases, tional laboratories. quantitative information may be obtained only by A more compelling reason for this study was to find experimental means. possible cures as well as to understand the sickness. A Simplifying assumptions must be carried out in goal was to seek out and identify several ideas for many engineering endeavors to make the analysis of improving not only the effectiveness of laboratory the device or system tractable. Ultimately, these as- instruction, but also its efficiency. In many ways, the sumptions must be shown to be tenable. Skillfully efficiency of a laboratory, when measured in man- constructed experiments to validate the assumptions hours and resources, is probably the key to a general are needed, therefore, to assure the designer that he is renaissance in laboratory instruction over the next within the realm of reality. decade. Prediction of performance by means of simulations Functions of Laboratories using computers, models, or mock-ups must often be carried out because a system is too large, too complex, Laboratory instruction is of necessity highly diver- sified. It is essential to understand this diversity in or too non-linear to admit performance calculations order to get at the fundamental nature of the laborato- using analytic methods. While simulation techniques ry problem. Therefore, the study first attempts to are quasi-experimental methods, they do involve work define the role of laboratory instruction, and to de- on equipment, using other than pencil and paper, an scribe it as it is presently. From this, some of the generally are of an experimental nature. immediate needs and some of the specific programs of Testing for compliance of completed systems against action can be identified and illuminated. contractual, proprietary, and industrial or government The basic functions of experimental work performed specifications must be performed in an experimental by engineers can be described as: atmosphere, often on the manufacturer's or customer's 1. Familiarization premises. Such acceptance tests usually have legal 2. Model identification overtones. Reliability and quality control,involvingas 3. Validation of assumptions they do probabilistic phenomena, can be effected only 4. Prediction of the performance of complex systems as a result of experimental studies in manycases. 5. Testing for compliance with specifications Finally, failure trends may be established in certain 6. An exploration for new fundamental information. areas only by experimental procedures. The role of the undergraduate instructional labora- The fundamental information for which an experi- tories is to teach student engineers to perform these six mental search is appropriate is of a widevariety.It functions. Hence, the primary goal of undergraduate can include physical, thermophysical, or electrica laboratories is to inculcate into the student the theory properties of materials as well as othercoefficientsor and practice of experimentation. This includes instru- transfer functions necessary to complete an analytica mentation and measurement theory. The undergradu- model of a problem. Or it can be concernedwiththe ate instructional laboratory should be designed to need to relate defined coefficients with more fundamen develop the engineering student into an experimenter It should provide him with the basic tools for experi- tal parameters to generate an analytical model. mentation, just as the engineering sciences provide him with the basic tools for analysis. The experimental Types of Laboratories approach is increasingly important, because engineers At first glance, it would appear that there are as in practice must continuity find, accept, and apply new many types of laboratories and laboratory programs as ideas, methods, and materials. It is essential if the there are engineering schools. The characteristics of engineer is to maintain a dynamic, inquisitive and any one laboratory are usually strongly tied to the experimental attitude toward his profession individual responsible for its organization and oper- ation as well as to the boundaryconditionsunder which he must work. This diversity and uniqueness is the curriculum. The faculty that participate in a labo- probably both necessary and good. It is clear that no ratory program may be full-time senior faculty part- one type laboratory could begin to meet the markedly time graduate assistants, or some mixture of the two variable demands of engineering education. However, Methods of scheduling laboratory classes, size of the an attempt to categorize existing laboratories in a quite laboratory squad, and policies affecting the availability general way would probably suggest the following: of laboratory facilities for both faculty and students are 1. The set laboratory with specified experiments using some of the factors which vary widely from school to detailed instructions and equipment. The experiments are school. repeated each semester with minor change or in some One of the most interesting highlights on the general cases, major change. state of equipment in undergraduate laboratories is 2. The take-home laboratory in which a significant part provided by an unpublished, confidential survey of a of the work is done by the student away from school, large number of institutions of higher education com- and the results of his work reported to the instructor. pleted recently. First, the combined 1959-60 budgets This may include some use of laboratory facilities either for all permanent or capital equipment used in on a scheduled or non-scheduled basis. teaching undergraduates (including cost of expendable 3. The problem laboratory in which a student is given a specific, well-described task to undertake. supplies, building facilities, and library needs) were 4. The project laboratory in which the project to be estimated at 60% of the funds desired for 1962-63. undertaken may be somewhat general in description and These funds would be for scientific apparatus, instru- may be broad of scope. ments, and construction parts for demonstration and Each of the different types of laboratories is used for laboratory instruction. They exclude funds for furni- instruction in all of the different aspects of experimen- ture, fixtures, refurbishing laboratories, books, and tal studies. Some types, however, are more commonly machine tools. Second, the combined 1959-60 invento- directed at a specific form of laboratory use. For ry value of all permanent or capital equipment, ex- example, the set laboratory is often devoted to demon- cluding expendable supplies, building facilities, and stration and testing, whereas the problem and project shop facilities, was estimated at 160% of funds desired laboratories are often involved with verification and for 1962-63, and of which only 35% could be fur- confirmation. However, the actual appearance any one nished. These figures give some indication of what has laboratory takes is dictated by many factors: school, been spent on laboratories in the past, what is present- instructor, facilities, capital equipment available, etc. ly being spent, and what would be desirable for the immediate future. Observations of Laboratories From these figures it appears that, in general, most schools feel a need to completely re-equip their present The types of activities carried on in a representative laboratories. However, in view of the recent funds group of laboratories visited by the study group cover made available for this task by various foundations a wide spectrum. However, two broad classes serve as and acts of Congress, it appears more likely that the convenient categories: best that can be hoped for is just the amortization of 1. Demonstration experiments present facilities. Nevertheless, laboratory equipment 2. Student participation experiments from various agencies is having a beneficial elfcct. This The breadth of laboratory activities carried out at emphasizes the essential role of a greatly increased the many universities visited makes it difficult to efficiency of laboratory instruction so that the resources describe these in depth. However, some feeling for the presently available can be used for developing more m °re frequently found characteristics of these pro- useful laboratories in the future. However, this task- grams can be achieved by reviewing a few of the most will be difficult until the proper role of the laboratory obvious modes of operation. in the educational process is set down and new meth- Although most laboratories employ student partici- ods and ideas are developed to make laboratories pation experiments, many place a strong emphasis on economical and continuously contemporary. A desir- demonstration. Demonstration experiments encompass able trend is the present-day emphasis on obtaining a wide range of specific activities. Included are live modern instrumentation of good quality for laboratories classroom demonstrations carried out by the instructor; being re-equipped. It is expected that the instrumen- group demonstrations guided and led by the instructor; tation will have a wide range of usefulness and will movies, TV tapes, and other forms of canned demon- apply to a spectrum of problems. Thus, the dancers strations; also, student-operated demonstrations which of obsolescence of the laboratory will be less than are more properly referred to as self-demonstrations. they have been in the past. In the other category a r e student participation projects which c a n be more readily recognized as fulfilling the Areas for Improvement purposes which h a v e b e e n outlined earlier for labora- In the course of this survey, it has become clear that tory experiments In these experimental investigations, several distinct problems exist in laboratory develop- the goal of developing the student's capability as an ment They detract from the efficiency and the effec- experimenter is clearly paramount. tiveness of laboratory instruction, and tend to cause Similarly, in the administration and operation of the laboratory approach to be de-emphasized in curric- instructional laboratories, a variety of methods and ulum planning. Three specific problems are: techniques has been found. The program of laboratory 1. The communication of ideas and methodology instruction has a relationhip to the entire curriculum 2 Laboratory instruction aids which may be either a separate function or may be 3. Laboratory faculty integrated and serve a service role for the remainder of School was out and no one had to call you . . . you were up at dawn. So many things to do—get out and work on the bike, find the rest of the gang and take off to explore your own private universe. The universe is bigger now. you think ahead instead of back. At Teletype we're thinking ahead too. As a part of the Bell System and one of the world's largest message and data communications equip- ment manufacturers we have to. Maybe you'd like to join in—we need in- ventive young minds in our engineering group to help make our future as great as our past. You can find a future as bright as those memories at Teletype. Contact your Bell System recruiter when he visits your campus, or write t o : Why engineering students graduate to Lockheed,progressisamat degrees. But, that's only the beginning. At Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, we're working on widnworld... otherworld...upperworld...and subworld projects. • We're pretty high on space...we've got Agena to prove it. And, when it comes to ballistic missiles, Polaris and Poseidon show an arc of triumph. We think deeply, too... consider our deep submergence vehicles, for example. And, just to show you our feet arc solidly on the ground, we're working on advanced land vehicles. Information? Business, government and industry get it out of our systems. D For more information write to: Mr. R. C. Birdsall, Professional Placement Manager, P.O. Box 504, Sunnyvale, California 94088. Lockheed is an equal opportunity employer. Married to an engineer? That Have you ever hurried home, doesn't sound too unusual. There bursting with excitement, to tell is, however, a lot more behind your husband some wonderful that eight letter word than one news, only to have him reply might imagine. At least a lot more joyously to your announcement than I had imagined as a bride. of a $5,000 inheritance, "Look, 1 was soon going to learn the Honey - - I solved the problem! true, everyday meaning of what How about that! Uh -- Did you one dictionary describes as be- say something?" ing "one who contrives, designs, And, oh, what good times are and manages skillfully." I found in store spending an entire Sun- the word meant a lot, lot more day afternoon leafing through old in my small collection of defini- copies of ELECTRONICS ILLUS- tions. TRATED - - looking for a per- Yes, my husband is a number fect way to spend next Sunday of things. He can easily solve afternoon! the most complex differential Little did I know, when I mar- equations, but when it comes to ried, that the whole family would w r i t i n g a $10.00 check and consider my husband such an correctly subtracting that amount electrical genius. He is invari- from the $25.00 balance in our ably called upon to rescue his check register — he's at a com- helpless inlaws from every peril- plete loss. We have somehow ous challenge from malicious managed to end up as much as electrical systems -- such as a $12.00 off as a result of one blown fuse or a worn-out ex- $3.00 check written by my hus- tension cord. band, "the engineer." He's the There inevitably came a time only person I have ever encoun- when I committed the unforgive- tered who has spent 20 years able sin of labeling a ' com- adding three and two and getting plex receiver", a common radio. an answer like six. And I've heard the refrain of, Life with an engineering ma- "That's not a switch, you lay- jor can also be full of surprises. man! It's a circuit breaker! Because I have never learned When my husband, the know- to expect the unexpected, I have ledgeable engineer, wandered in- unwittingly let myself in for all to the kitchen to overhear tne sorts of memorable experiences. excited babbling explanation of How about the night I brought our little neighbor boy about ms a friend home for dinner and new rubber-band-propelled air- found three well-rusted T.V. plane, I cringed for the child chassis in millions of pieces poor little mind. He took it on spread all over the living room himself to explain all the tech- floor? Having a transformer ex- n i c a l i t i e s of aeronautics that plode in the small apartment we neither Johnny nor his mother were renting was bad enough; could never care about nor under- but trying to explain to our neigh- stand. But the laws of action ana bor (who was also our landlord!) reaction had to be made very why it was essential to be con- clear to his young, misinformed ducting such experiments on his mind. There is no fantasy to the beautiful new tile floor was ex- engineer. He refuses tobea tremely awkward. Of course, all party to the inexact trminology such experimentation was most connected with everyday life, and assuredly an important part of feels it his responsibility to clear HIS general education, and I had up any foggy notions. to learn to keep an open mind When I can separate my hus- and not frown on HIS ambition. band from my engineerfromtime Married life has taught me that to time, we experience a very it is necessary to collect large happy, eventful, challenging, and quantities of valuable resistors, almost normal marriage I some- wiring, tubes, capacitors, etc. times feel that it's like trying from various friends'basements, to take Dr. Jekyll from Mr. rummage sales, junk yards and Hyde, but I know that my hus- Salvation Army stores. The do- band and my engineerarees- nators of such gems, of course, sential parts of one another. never know just what extraor- I love my HUSBAND. 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Check with the Placement Office now of the world's foremost computer/EDP Statistical mathematics, matrix algebra, to arrange an interview with NSA installations, in your quest for a and combinatorial analysis arc but a representatives on campus. The stimulating and satisfying career. few of the tools applied by Agency Placement Office has additional mathematicians. Opportunities for information about NSA, oryoumay The National Security Agency is contributions in computer sciences and write: Chief, College Relations Branch, responsible for designing and theoretical research are also offered. National Security Agency, developing "secure" communications Ft. George G. Meade, Maryland systems and EDP devices to transmit, Continuing your Education? 20755, ATTN.-M321. An equal receive and process vital information. NSA's graduate study program may opportunity employer, M&F. The mission encompasses many permit you to pursue two semesters of aspects of communications, computer full-time graduate study at full salary. (hardware and software) technology, Nearly all academic costs are borne by and information recording and storage NSA, whose proximity to seven . . . and provides a wealth of career universities is an additional asset. opportunities to the graduate engineer and mathematician. Salaries and Benefits Starting salaries, depending on ENGINEERS will find work which is education and experience, range from performed nowhere else . . . devices $8,000 to $13,500, and increases and systems are constantly being follow as you assume additional developed which are in advance of any responsibility. Policies relating to outside the Agency. As an Agency vacations, insurance and retirement are engineer, you will carry out research, liberal, and you enjoy the advantages design, development, testing and of Federal employment without Civil evaluation of sophisticated, large-scale Service certification. cryptocommunications and EDP Another benefit is the NSA location, systems. You may also participate in between Washington and Baltimore, "An engineer, huh? Yeah, I've few of the experiences we've had 4.00 that she got by sitting on dated two or three of em. Heavy, to maybe answer your questions the floor cutting pictures from heavy, heavy I Honestly, you'd about, "Why can't I get a date?" m a g a z i n e s , making flannel think they couldn't tell me from or "Why won't she go out with boards, and thinking of "cute. " one of their creepy classmates! me again?" I'm not "Dear Abby" ideas for children? Yes, I know How do you ever stand being answering questions on boy-girl it must be frustrating, fellas pinned to one?" My girlfriend relationships -- the answers to -- but realize that at 2.0 in gushed at me, and I mentally the above questions may very Engineering and a 3.5 in E girded myself for battle. Why probably be outside the realm Ed a r e approximately com- do these silly girls think this of of what I'm talking about. But if parable, in my opinion. Yes,your engineers? Aren't engineers men it's bad breath, two fresh, too work is harder, more demanding; just like any other? Then I stopped brotherly, etc, you'll have to fig- our work is in a different sphere to think a minute of some of the ure that out for yourself, Charlie — more reading and"projeci.s." minor problems "John" and I - - that's not what I'm here forl (which do, by the way, require have had, wondering how many I do want to give you a girl's a good deal of time and ingenuity.) of these things could be attri- viewpoint about some of the things Don't, for Heaven's sake, be jea- buted to his being an engineer; you may have never thought about. lous of our grades and study if other girls who dated engin- Let's consider this "heavy" needs — you picked your major, eers had the same problems; if bit first. I know you bury your- (I assume?) and we picked ours. selves in facts and figures daily, Don't quibble over grades — you that they may be very interesting can make a girl feel pretty lousy to you, that you may want to because her grade-point is higher "talk shop" at a party. But than yours and you keep remind- let's face it, fellas — very few ing her that it doesn't mean a of you date female engineers, thing. Even in the College of and the rest of us just aren't Education, 4.00's are not handed up to discussing La Place Trans- out for sitting on your hands. forms, Fortran programming, or Give her credit — don't resent any other technical subjects on her. your Level. So give "the light Different study habits -- yes, one" a break — if she doesn't they exist, but what about them? ask, can't comprehend, drop it, I'd just like to warn you boys and talk about the fluffiest thing that you may get some strange- that comes to your mind. If you reactions from gals on whom can't stand that you can always you spring changes of plans. What drop her, you know. about the times when the pres- I ve never had that problem to sure is on and you've vowed to any great extent — I've fought yourself and to her that you'll just the opposite. Elementary do nothing but study for the next Education majors are inevitably three evenings? So she washes considered light — I guess I her hair , then decides to gel can't fight it. But I truly resent pizza, and meets you at Varsity, it when I ask "John" a question playing pinballs. You explain that about his work, and he brushes you w e r e working on your me off with, "You'd never under- problems, but your mind blew, stand." That hurts! I'm not stu- and you had to get some air. All this "heavy" s t e r e o t y p e as- pid, I'm just uninformed! Several right, this time she understands. sumed by the uninitiated was times, though, he has taken time The next evening, you do book actually justifiable. to bring what he's doing down to like hell, but by Friday night, First, I suppose you deserve my level, (even if it meant high you just can't face those reports, some background — you'd like school algebra) told me why he's so you call her. It seems that to know why I'm writing this doing it, or what the figures would she's right in the middle of article, why I'm qualified to write practically be used for. It made something and can't leave it, so it. i have been asked to look at me feel great -- like he felt you lose your temper -- "Why maybe I had a brain under all can't you study like normal peo- some of the problems I think the fluff. So-o-o, the moral of ple?" Yes, Joe, it's hard for you as engineers might have in the story is, boys — if she's us to understand how you can your " Love Life", because the really interested, give her some book so heavy, how we must editor wanted someone to con- credit for brain power and really scrupulously schedule our time- sider the problem had had try to explain. You may both be not to bother you, and then have more than just casual dates with surprised at yourselves. you suddenly need release so engineering students. This last T h i s "give-me-credit syn- desperately that we're worth- point brings me to my qualifi- drome brings up another problem less if we're not available. I cations. "john" and I have b e e n e n g i n e e r s may have in dating have no solution to offer, no ad- dating now for two years; we are girls in other majors. I know vice to give — I just think you presently engaged. We are both and understnad that you have to should be prepared for some per- seniors, he in Electrical Engin- book and book heavy to keep up haps unexpected, unexplainable eeringl I, in Elemetary wEduca- with your class, let alone attain reactions from the illogical fe- tion. I'm not trying to r i t e a history of our relationship , I'm good grades. So why not sneer at male# CONTINUED ON PAGE 46 merely trymg to draw from aM i s s Elementary Education's As an internationally known, highly diversified company involved in petroleum, chemicals, coal, fertilizer and plastics, we operate in small, personal groups where you can function independently and retain your individuality. If you are ready to step into new, stim- ulating challenges. . . if you like solving problems . . . if you tram- late accomplishment in terms of tangible recognition, CONOCO can offer you advancement opportunities in many areas through- out the United States. See your Placement Office now and arrange an interview with us. If you're unable to see our recruiter and want some additional in- formation let us know. Send your resume and a brief note detailing the kind of work you find particularly appealing along with your geographical preference to: Recruiting Administrator, Dept. CEM. The Staff of the Spartan Engineer has noticed for some time that there are a large number of engineers wandering around looking like they don't know where they are. In order to test, in a scientific manner, whether you are, in fact, lost, we are spon- soring a contest to see if you know where you're at. Motivation will be provided by one ten dollar bill. Identify the following ten photographs, taken in the Engineering Building and you may pass GO and collect $10. Some people do not have s t e r - "Can it see u s ? " I whispered. eophonic, tru-life music in their " A l l that r e m a i n s , " said the homes because they believe that s a l e s m a n , " i s the tape deck. selecting the proper components is difficult. Frankly, with these components, I don't think that the Wacko deck Such fears a r e foolish. My would be compatible." own experience proves that it "Then I don't want it in may is quite simple if you take the happy home." time to get good advice. " S t r a m b l o w makes a good Before setting out recently to four-head model. Do you want buy a home music center and en- sound-on-sound and echo cham- rich my life, which is what it ber?" is supposed to do, I consulted a "Who doesn't?" friend who is something of an The equipment was delivered expert. and in just a few hours it was He said that the best equip- all plugged together. ment for the money would be a "Look how beautiful the living Whipfrax S-333VC amplifier, a room looks," I said to the woman. Fritzback turntable, a Grugin- " Y e s , " she said. "Like an hurst AM tuner, a couple of Boomsruth JA662 speaker s y s - tems, and a Wacke tape deck with three heads. "The Whipfrax will give you a maximum push-pull on the franis with a maximum peak on the frex," he said, "And a lot of them won't do t h a t . " "And be sure to have them put a Chibley arm on the turn- table with a Strilbam c a r t r i d g e . " "We don't have to crouch." ICBM control chamber." At the store I relayed the "Then I'd say we can go along "Let us turn it on at full request to a sales man who with the Fritzback turntable." volume with full treble and bass. asked: He plugged it all together and E a c h s p e a k e r has 24-inch "Do you have rugs on your turned it on. woofers and teeny tweeters, not to floor?" The showroom was 60 feet long, mention the magnificent mid- "Why? You got a special on which made it slightly longer than ranges. Puppies?" my living room by about 42 The set glowed all over the "The type of room is a fac- feet. He turned up the volume so room and came to life in full tor in getting the proper equip- that I bounced up and down when- voice, tweeting, woofing, mid- ment." ever the bass notes came through, ranging and everything. "I got r u g s . " going as high as three feet on It was really something. Mr. "Well then, I don't think you one passage of Lady of Spain I Franski next door ran outside Adore You. w i t h out shoes and started want the Boomsruth s p e a k e r s . screaming that the Russians were believe you'd be happy with the By the way his lips moved, I W coming. A bottle of gin exploded. embly-CK921 speaker s y s - could tell he was asking me how The cat stood on its hind legs tems. I liked it. I shouted that it sure in front of the left speaker, "I want to be happy." was loud. twirled once, and fell dead. And, of course, with the Wem- He looked displeased and said Outside, the street lights began bley speakers you should have- that it had brilliance and full- popping, one by one. A sewer the Franingraw amplifier — the ness and richness, which it sure cover flew up 50 feet and landed MM-6321G - i n s t e a d of the did, besides being loud. on Mr. Franski next door. The Whipfrax a m p . " "Now," he said, "about the baby leaped out of his crib, THE F r a n i n S r a w was a beauty, Gruginburst tuner. It is a good ran out the door, and sprinted Ithad13 knobs, nine switches, unit, but this Grabobeam-63V down the alley. two lights a n d 3 8 h o l e s i n t h e might suit you better." "Can . . .you. . . detect . . . bacck for plugs. The Whipfrax had "Solid s t a t e , " he muttered. any . . .flutter . . .or . . .wow?" one less knob, one less switch, " Y e s , it i s , " I said, "And I shouted toward my wife. and three lights, so he was right. Gov. Romney says it will get Her lips began foaming as she "Do you have stuffed fumi- even better with more industry struggled to get through the vi- ture?" and employment and . . . " brating, tumbling furniture to the "Some. And we have a washer "Solid state means that it has control switch. She came within and drier, all paid for . . . " no tubes. Transitors instead." a foot before she went mad. She "then I doubt u d want It was a fine looking tuner, never did have an ear for music. the strilbam cartridge. if y ° ' It's not a bad set to start . The even though it didn't have any y tubes. It had 41 knobs, each one with, but I'm told that there is Whixhurst will give °U finer surrounded by numbers ranging more woof and a bigger tweet response." from minus zero to 40,000. It in the Popdome-CR829 — if you "I want finer r e s p o n s e . " had a hush button and an evil like real stereo. "Good. And how high are your eye. ceilings?" Some say we specialize in power... power for propulsion ... power for auxiliary systems... power for aircraft, missiles and space vehicles... power for marine and industrial applications... It might be said, instead, that we specialize in people, for we believe that people are a most important reason for our company's success. We act on that belief. We select our engineers and scientists carefully. Motivate them well. Give them the equipment and facilities only a leader can provide. Offer them company-paid, graduate-education opportunities. Encourage them to push into fields that have not been explored before. Keep them reaching for a little bit more responsibility than they can manage. Reward them well when they do manage it. You could be one of the reasons for Pratt & Whitney Aircraft's success . . . if you have a B.S., M.S. or Ph.D. in: MECHANICAL • AERONAUTICAL • ELECTRICAL • CHEMICAL • CIVIL • MARINE • INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING • PHYSICS • CHEMISTRY . METALLURGY • CERAMICS • MATHEMATICS • STATISTICS • COMPUTER SCIENCE • ENGINEERING SCIENCE • ENGINEERING MECHANICS. And we could be the big reason for your success. Consult your college placement officer-or write Mr. William L Stoner, Engineering Department, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, East Hartford, Connecticut 06108. He sits at his desk with a general layout for a long-term project in front of him. His mind is focused on a specific idea relating to the problem. He is trying to form a synthesis be- tween the problem and a linear model; he is trying to bridge the gap between the idea and real- ity by making the problem con- form to a pattern which he has entrenched in engineering than in been taught, a pattern which he other fields. can manipulate and understand. The question may be raised as This is his job; the meaning of to whether or not the engineer's STEVEN FARRELL his effort rests on his ability to basic desire to understand and to achievements, and have a right to find a synthesis that will enable actualize an idea is a contra- be. But they seem to have ob- him to solve the problem. To do diction the idea that engineers served that this newly won power so is success; to fail must there- over space and time, this sub- fore be a source of deep frustra- would tend to be overly one- jugation of the forces of nature, tion to the engineer. sided. Must an engineer be, on which is the fulfillment of a long- the average, a one-sided per- ing that goes back thousands of The engineer is often accused sonality? Suppose the engineer's of being too lightly grounded in y e a r s , has not increased the desire to actualize is turned from amount of pleasurable satisfac- basic subjects of the sciences to his physical environment to his have an adequate understanding tion which they may expect from psychical environment. To be life and has not made them feel of what he is actually doing; more specific, what is in store however, this is not necessarily happier. From the recognition of for a philosophical engineer, a this fact we ought to be con- a contradiction to the engineer's man with the conscience of a drive to understand a problem. tent to conclude that power over philosopher and the mind of an nature is not the only precon- To be more specific, an en- engineer? gineer's frustration begins where dition of human happiness, just Now the engineer is no longer as it is not the only goal o the mathematician's satisfaction concerned with building a useful leaves off. A mathematician could cultural endeaver; . . . • lf system, but with being a useful there had been no railway to con- be given a system and be satis- system; he wants to "fit" cor- fied in being able to prove it was quer distances, my child would rectly into the puzzle of humanity never have left his native town s t a b l e . An engineer confronted and the universe. He wants to be with the same problem would not and I should need no telephone to happy, and there are obstacles in hear his voice; if traveling across necessarily be elated by this his way. Again, the same pat- result, and, on the contrary, the ocean by ship had not been tern emerges; he has a problem introduced, my friend would not might be deeply frustrated if he to solve using whatever tools are could not analyze the system available to him. The most ob- have embarked on a sea-voyage model and design and build a vious tool to be used is tech- and I should not need a cable to useful system from the model. nology. With technology, he can r e l i e v e my anxiety about mm. The frustration of the engineer conquer heat, cold, disease, and What is the use of reducing in- is therefore the inability to de- possibly even weather. He does fantile mortality when it is pre- rive a concept and bring it into all this to achieve happiness, cisely that reduction which im- reality. and this is his place in the puz- poses the greatest restraint on The engineer probably does not zle. us what good to us us a rate highly among the general ?ong' lift. U it is difficult and public as a philosopher. For in- In the laboratory, an engineer barren of joys, and it is so full stance, the range of conversa- may build and observe a system of misery that we can only wel- tion of many student engineers he has designed on paper to come death as a deliverer. does not often go beyond the r e - compare expectrd to actual r e - I'm sure that Freud would not sults of a certain concept of sults. Likewise, the philosophi- have said that technology is the systems analysis or the results cal engineer observes the r e - root of all evil and sufferring of a mathematics mid-term test, sults of technological progress but this example does support the for example. This does not neces- as carefully as he can. The fol- premise that there is good reason sarily imply that engineers are lowing p a s s a g e illustrates to challenge technology as being complete eggheads without much ^reud s observation of the ef- the solution to all of our prob- common knowledge, but it does tect of technological progress on lems. Recent articles in news- point out that philosophical view- society: "During the last few papers and magazines indicate points are generally of lower pri- generations mankind has made that the arms race is stepping ority on the engineer's thinking an extraordinary advance in the up again. In an agewherewe schedule than general everyday natural sciences and in their already have more than enough e n g i n e e r i n g tribia. Thus the technical application and has es- atomic power to destroy both probability is increased that an tablished his control over na- sides should a warensure,it e n g i n e e r i n g trivia. Thus the ture in a way never before ima- seems not only un-humanitarian is wearing an orange tie, white gined. the single steps of this socks, two different socks, etc. Freud, Sigmund, Society and advance are common knowledge Its Discontents Somehow this stereotype is more and it is unnecessary to enumer- ate them. Men are proud of those Rack up paper clip after paper clip. As you enjoy the painful search for new ideas. To what end? The satisfaction of getting involved in a company already deeply involved in the world and its people. Our Farm Centers help boost productivity at home and feed the world abroad. Our petroleum products are prime movers on earth, in the stratosphere, in the ionosphere. Our Total Energy applications provide economical power, heat, and light to more and more people. The world-wide demand for new products and applications is constantly accelerating. We're meeting it with new answers to old questions and unique solutions for unique problems. We need your answers, your solutions. In Hesearch and Development, or Manufac- turing, or Marketing, or Administration. And we'll give you the time, the stimulation, the opportunity you need. And we don't skimp on paper clips. You'll do much more than watch. 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Orlando °u'll work with a lot of highly imaginative hardware and ystems engineering that is as advanced and complicated Ave., Cocoa Beach, Florida. An Equal Opportunity Em- s th e space action we support. And you'll soon find that ployer (M/F). CONTINUED FROM PAGE 11 Each of these is discussed in some detail in the follow- also the most frequent suggestion in the survey. The ing sections. workshop should be staffed by competent individuals Communication. The concept of communication un- with notable success in the various areas of laboratory derlies much of the problem in the laboratory. Com- instruction, such as laboratory techniques, demonstra- munication between the laboratory instructor and his tions, problems, and projects, administration, and students, between the faculty and the administration, equipment development. It would be held at an institu- and between faculty colleagues, is a highly necessary tion or institutions which have emphasized the de- ingredient for an evolutionary, effective, and efficient velopment of laboratories and have made significant status for future undergraduate engineering laboratories. contributions in this area. The sessions might consist of Unfortunately, there appears to be a great disparity in lectures, equipment operation and practice, studies of educational circles concerning the type of information meaningful laboratory problems or projects, develop- which gets communicated. ment teams, re-education of staff members, or some In more theoretical or analytical work, several ex- combination of these techniques. Faculty could attend cellent communication media exist for the instructor to the workshop for the purposes of training in new use in maintaining the effective status of his instruc- techniques, finding new ideas, or just being re- tion. The foremost of these is the constant develop- juvenated and inspired. ment and distribution of text materials, but there are The second program is the visiting distinguished also technical meetings, journals, and workshops or laboratory lecturer. The use of talent presently avail- institutes for dissemination of information. On the able in laboratory instruction or development, or sim- other hand, in the more experimental or laboratory ply experimental engineering, as a seminar speaker or type work, the people involved seem to be operating consultant, could be an effective means of communica- randomly because of the absence of effective lines of tion. The service of a specific group to discover the communication. There are few textual materials for talent and to organize and encourage such a program laboratory studies, and even fewer of these are under appears to be necessary because of the constantly constant development and distribution. changing leadership in laboratory development. Little The survey indicated a unanimous concern over the success in this sort of program has been found when lack of communication among engineering schools and individual institutions try it on their own. their faculty on laboratory practice, teaching tech- niques, projects, and problems. Many suggestions were A third program for enhancing communications is obtained for improving communications, such as: the development and distribution of textual materials suitable for use in the laboratory. If there are strong 1. Summer laboratory workshops differences between experimental and theoretical (a) Invited papers studies, then such material may well take on a form (b) Laboratory development different from the more traditional types. For example, (c) Demonstrations of laboratory hardware and exercises a series of monographs on measurements may be 2. Visiting laboratory faculty program useful. These might be "how-to-do" texts: how to (a) Bring faculty to a home institution measure temperature, electrical current, magnetic field (b) Send faculty to another institution strength, flow, etc. To be effective, such material 3. Visiting distinguished experimenter lecturer pro- should be up-to-date, inexpensive, authoritative, and gram have broad coverage. Other textual materials could 4. Publications in journals include a group of texts on the theory and philosophy (a) Journal of Engineering Education of experimental measurement of compendiums of lab- (b) Publication of particular society: ASME, oratory problems or projects. AIChE, IEEE, etc. (c) A new journal Finally, a fourth program which might be useful to 5. A national depository of laboratory information the continued development of engineering laboratories 6. A traveling laboratory (bus or truck) with new is the mutual assistance pact between two or more laboratory equipment and ideas universities or colleges. Such a program (BUILD) has 7. A mutual assistance program between two or been in operation between the University of Illinois more universities specifically directed to the improve- and the University of Colorado and appears to be very ment of the laboratories successful from the viewpoint of both institutions. 8. Demonstrations of equipment at national meetings Laboratory Instruction Techniques and Aids. Some 9. Improved textual materials problems which affect faculty and administrative en- 10. Communication of the importance of laboratory instruction to the department heads at meetings of na- thusiasm for laboratory studies and, therefore, the tional societies. efficiency of laboratory instruction, are connected witn many of the necessary but time-consuming duties The needs of this area were voiced so often that this the laboratory. These include instructions in the use of must certainly represent a problem in laboratory de- velopment, to which some effort and influence should specific instruments, repetitive testing P roc f dure .' be directed. The study group concludes that the prob- equipment set-up, grading, etc. Means for reducing tn lems of communication and dissemination of informa- burden of these tasks would be significant contribution. tion have limited the effectiveness of laboratory in- Another problem is the lack of curricula which struction and suggests four programs to improve the recognize the laboratory as a discipline. Little attention situation. is given to the development of the student as an experimenter. This task—the development of the stu- The first of these is the establishment of a program dent as an experimenter—would appear to be a prime of laboratory workshops and conferences. This was objective of an undergraduate laboratory curriculum. The application of programmed learning, or self- in terms of the demands of the world on an engineer learning, to the laboratory is a tool which might ing curriculum were handled by staff who were: significantly affect both of these problem areas. In the 1. Experimentally oriented, survey much awareness and interest in this topic was 2. Highly interested in this upeel of education found. Several schools use or are planning pro- i. fcneouraged by their administration, grrammed experiments or demonstrations. These in- 4. Given promotional and professional recognition clude Syracuse University, Carnegie Institute of Tech- and nology, Purdue University, and the University of Illi- 5. Not overloaded with other responsibilities, nois. Others employ programmed material for instruc- Delegation of prime responsibility to graduate stn tion in the use of instruments. Do-it-yourself experi- dents in the more aggressive and successful laborato mental kits or equipment and a controlled amount of nes is quite rare. The majority of such programs use pre-wiring or planning by the student are among the the graduate student as an assistant to the professor, techniques found. Filmed instruction appears popular not as a replacement. in some areas of laboratory instruction. It should be It is important, then, that administrators concern noted, however, that the sub-set of the schools active themselves in detail with the faculty involved in labo in laboratory development is concerned that pro- ratory instruction. Not only must they be concerned grammed learning can be a return to the fill-in-the- with present faculty, but they must also begin develop- blank type of experiment. Those groups who were ment of new faculty. Improvements in other facets of involved in such self-instruction techniques felt that the laboratory will help relieve the problems of the they not only improve the effectiveness of the laborato- faculty. For example, text materials will introduce ry but also the efficiency. Increased laboratory effici- some of the formalism and organization that appeal to ency is paramount to meaningful upgrading of labora- faculty; workshops will serve for inspiration and train- tory programs, and continued attention to these methods ing; and aids such as programmed learning can remove will also result in improved efficiency as measured much of the drudgery. However, the problem remains by: that the more qualified faculty members will not 1. More use of a given set of experimental set-ups, involve themselves in laboratory instruction or de- 2. Lower maintenance costs for equipment, velopment unless they are adequately compensated 3. Freeing of faculty time so they might provide and recognized. more profound guidance, and Recommendations of the Study Group 4. Better use of existing capital equipment. The need to increase the efficiency of laboratory It is clear from the findings of the study that there is instruction was mentioned earlier, and perhaps pro- an intensifying awareness of the critical nature of grammed learning can make what little funds are laboratory instruction on our engineering campuses available for laboratory improvement go much further. and of the need for improvements to overcome the Laboratory Faculty. The enthusiasm, capability, and widespread existing problems. It is also clear that tins interest of the faculty members involved in teaching need is especially acute in the understaffed and finan- laboratories varies widely and is one of the most cially poorer schools, and that the more fortunate significant single factors for a successful laboratory schools have a desire to help. Even the schools with program. However, it does not appear that this has outstanding programs would like to see improved been given adequate recognition. Therefore, a current channels of communications, so that they can further problem of laboratory development is to involve the improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and content of most competent faculty members in laboratory de- their laboratories. velopment and recognize them for their efforts. This study group concludes that the interest and It hardly seems necessary to comment that awareness on our engineering campuses of the needs qualified, interested staff are necessary to the success of laboratory instruction could best be served by a of an undergraduate laboratory program, yet this fact coordinated national program to promote and support seems to have gone unnoticed for far too long. Staff the following kinds of activities: With few qualifications for, or interest in. experimental 1. Workshops and Conferences. A series of laboratory work seem to get involved frequently. workshop programs and national conferences on labnn Many of the department heads interviewed recog- tory development should be established. nized the existence of this situation but, in general, felt 2. Publications. Individuals and/or publishers should helpless to change conditions in their province because beencouraged to produce a series of monographs on of Jack of staff, staff loading problems, university laboratory practice, procedures, and theory. Policies for staff recognition, publication and research 3 Self-Study Techniques. The continued development policies, and a lack of conviction of the importance of of self-study, auto-instruction, or programmed learning techniques for the laboratory should be encouraged. the undergraduate laboratory program. These factors, either individually or in combination, appear to rele- 4 Campus Visits Program. A program of distinguished gate the undergraduate laboratory to a second-class visiting laboratory instructors or oulstand.ng experimental- status.. Perhaps accreditation procedures of the Engi- ists should be established. neers' Council for Professional Development could 5 Mutual Aid Programs. Effort should be directed stimulate a greater awareness by the university admin- toward encouraging mutual assistance pacts between col- istration, and particularly the department admintstra- leges and universities wishing to upgrade or enhance thc.r tion, of this problem. " T S S T S ^ . Private industry and foundations Laboraties which had the appearance of being worthwhile, successful, and meaningful for the student should be encouraged to increase their support of under- graduate laboratory programs. A 35 Scientia gratia artis. Orchestral music, with all its intricate tonal mosaics, is no longer the private pre- serve of the privi leged. And power is one of the reasons. 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We welcome the opportunity to review your per- sonal interests and career objectives, and show you h ow RCA can further your individual development Isotropy is what the designer of this highly- together cumbersome wrought shapes, and he stressed 335-pound tractor yoke had in mind could put metal precisely where he wanted it when he specified cast-steel. for load-carrying ability, to avoid possible areas Not taken in by the shopworn fiber" or "flow of stress concentration . . . And he could choose line" argument, he knew that road-building the steel composition which would give him equipment is subjected to shock loads of high optimum strength/cost ratio. magnitude—in several different directions—so Want to know more about cast-steel? We're that he could not gamble with a construction offering individual students free subscriptions t where toughness, impact and fatigue proper- o our publication "CASTEEL".. .Clubs and ties are not uniform in all directions. other groups can obtain our sound film "En- Cast-steel also allowed the designer of gineering Flexibility." Write Steel Founders' this tractor yoke plenty of engineering flexi- • Society of America, Westview Towers, 21010 bility . . . He didn't have to worry about fitting Center Ridge Road, Rocky River,Ohio44116. *lsotropic: Equal properties in all directions. 19 Ways to Flunk Any Course Learn now that society will provide for you. Just be- 10. SPELLING—Why bring that up? Phonetics are out, cause you are you. Just because you are paying for an "word picture" didn't work, so your generation just can't education doesn't mean you have to get your money's spell. Everyone understands and is sorry. You are unique worth. Don't be ridiculous. "If the learner hasn't learned," —now don't go and spoil it. it isn't your fault, surely. 11. LATE PAPERS—Promptness here is a sign of servil- 1. GENERAL ATTITUDE—The B.B.A. degree is val- ity. Be independent. Be different. A few days late shouldn't uable. Successful grads have made it so. It is valuable matter, especially if you use a good standard explanation. because they produced. Let them keep up the good work, 12. BE LATE—A "fashionable" entrance, after every- but don't prepare to rob them of their glory, to increase one else is seated, and the class is moving along—this calls •be value. attention to one, definitely. You can also be so ignorant 2. BE YOUTHFUL—Be young while you can. Why about what has gone before and get the spotlight again. discard those good old high school days—and ways? Don't 13. ATTEND IRREGULARLY—That's the stuff. Always grow up until you just have to. People will always be under- being there is dreadfully boring. After all, one meeting is standing and appreciative of your adolescence. like another and the instructor gets tired of your face, too. 3. DRESS—Be yourself, dress naturally. Those business 14. BE CONVERSATIONAL-Talk it up. If the old bui- people can be very stuffy about sartorial matters. On that zard doesn't make it interesting, it surely can't be interesting first job, they'll probably start you off as a porter anyway, to your neighbor, can it? Competition is good for business, so why not look like one? so why not for business educators? 4. AROMATICS—The pungency of the locker room can 15. PREPARATION—A dangerous habit. Here again, be carried with you. A gamey "athletic" odor is a great let's don't anticipate. A heavy snow might make the work Personal asset—in class and out, in business and out—and useless. And—the instructor might resent having you come fast. Carry your own atmosphere—be "aromatic." to class one day knowing what he is talking about. 5 - RELAX, ENJOY I T — A stiff posture restricts absorp- tlon 16. (BUT OTHERWISE) CLAM UP—Don't ever venture - Spread yourself figuratively. Chairs in front, occupied or not, are f j n e for parking feet, thus facilitating relaxation. an opinion, don't defend a point; let some other jerk stick °- MENTAL EFFORT—Some say that brain cells, like his neck out. Remember it may be better to remain silent liquor bottles, cannot be used twice. Save them, coddle and be thought ignorant—than to open one's mouth and them sPare them—in class and out. The mind (?) you save remove all doubt. ma y be y o u r o w n - 17. O N YOUR MARK—Don't get left ai the post when 7. DON'T A N T I C I P A T E — W h o knows what might hap- the bell rings. A rustling of papers and plopping of books pen tomorrow—or for that matter next week, when the indicates alertness on your part to the hour of parting and paper is due? Don't do it ahead of time—nothing might reminds the Professor accordingly. haPPen. Then you'd have no excuse. 18. REPETITION—A powerful force. If the files show 8- ACCURACY—Is for the birds. A misplaced deci- that someone did a good paper on the topic last year, why malpointis embarrassing but not critical. You can always should such a gem be discarded? The instructor will never do it right when and if you get a job (on the basis of your recognize it if your pal was at U. of N. excellent school record, of course). 19. PLAGIARISM—If in preparing a paper you find 9.DON'T WRITE, TELEGRAPH—Legibility went out that some author has said it better than you can—and a long with long underwear. None of the really big wheels l.ke time ago—don't dull initiative. Let him have his way-in NaPoleon, Hitler, or even Confucius-could write good your paper, too. It should be flattering to him. I The world's foremost and largest engineering organization in the construction field, pioneering new and advanced engineering practices and concepts. I An organization whose work spans virtually the entire range of modern engineering, including comprehensive planning for development of water and related land resources of entire river basins; design and construction of multi-unit, multi-purpose, integrated systems that encompass navigation, flood control and major drainage, hydroelectric power generation, municipal and in- dustrial water supply, irrigation, water quality control, beach ero- sion control and hurricane protection, water-oriented recreation, preservation and enhancement of fish, wildlife, and natural beauty values; and planning, design, and construction of complicated, ad- vanced-concept military structures such as the Nike-X anti-missile system, launch facilities and bases for the intercontinental ballistic missiles, airfields, housing, schools, laboratories, and nuclear power facilities. In addition are the allied fields of cartography, geodesy, mathematics and engineer intelligence. • An organization that recognizes each engineer as an in- dividual, providing well-rounded career development programs with on-the-job training; courses at government expense in colleges, universities, and seminars as necessary to assure steady progression to top professional and managerial levels; encouragement and as- sistance in attaining professional registration and recognition; and an opportunity to win national and international awards. I An organization with offices and projects in nearly every one of the 50 States and in many foreign countries that encourages employees to further their development by accepting new and chal- lenging assignments. • An organization which provides excellent rates of pay wit liberal fringe benefits, including generous retirement annuity, com- plete health and life insurance coverage, paid vacation leave, military training leave with pay, generous sick leave; and specia pay awards for outstanding performance and suggestions that im- prove operating efficiency. If you're thinking this is all too good to be true, you're wrong- All of the above is available to you in a civilian engineer career with the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. If you are interested, you can get further information from the Chief of Engineers, Departmen of the Army, Washington, D. C. 20315. You check your bindings again, adjust your goggles... then push off in a fast schuss down the first leg, skis hissing against the powdered snow. This is the excitement of skiing — pitting your experience and skill against speed and the variables of a new, fat dropping trail.* Can there be a corresponding excitement in professional terms? An exhilaration in matching your engineering talent against new technologies? We think so. And we feel you can experience this type of professional excitement at Xerox. We're working on new concepts in imaging and data handling and graphic arts and education and many other areas. You've seen the massive impact of past Xerox technical achievements on business and industry. You can understand why, in the past three years alone, we've put $100 million into research and development. And why the climate for technical people here has to be experienced to be appreciated. So if you feel that an engineering career should include a high level of professional excitement and stimulation, look into what Xerox has to offer. Your degree in Engineering or Science can qualify you for some intriguing openings in fundamental and applied research, engineering, manufacturing and programming. See your Placement Director or write to Mr. Roger Vander Ploeg, Xerox Corporation, P.O. Box 1995, Rochester, New York 14603. This is the Theory Jack built. Based on the Mummery This is the Flaw Hiding the Flaw That lay in the Theory Jack built. That lay in the Theory Jack built. I his is the Mummery This is the Cybernetics and Stuff Hiding the Flaw That covered Chaotic Confusion and Bluff That lay in the Theory Jack built. That hung on the Turn of a Plausible Phrase This is the Summary And thickened the Erudite Verbal Ha/e Based on the Mummery Cloaking Constant K Hilling the Flaw That saved the Summary That lay in the Theory [ark built. Based on the Mummery Hiding the Flaw This is the Constant K That lay in the Theory Jack built. That saved the Summary Based on the Mummery Hiding the Flaw This is the Button to start the Machine That lay in the Theory Jack built. To make with the Cybernetics and Stuff To cover Chaotic Confusion and Bluff This is the Erudite Verbal Ha/e That hung on the Turn of a Plausible Phrase Cloaking Constant K And thickened the Erudite Verbal Ha/e That saved the Summary Cloaking Constant K Based on the Mummery That saved the Summary Hiding ihe Flaw Based on the Mummery Thai lay in the Theory |ack built. Hiding the Flaw This is the Turn of a Plausible Phrase That lay in the Theory Jack Built. That thickened the Erudite Verbal Ha/e Cloaking Constant K This is the Space-Child with Brow Serene That saved the Summary Who pushed the Button to start the Machine Based on the Mummery That made with the Sybernetics and Stun Hiding the Flaw Without Confusion, exposing the Bluff T h a t lay in t h e T h e o r y [ack built. That hung on the Turn of a Plausible Phrase I his is Chaotic Confusion and Bluff And, shredding the Erudite Verbal Ha/e That hung on the Turn of a Plausible Phrase Cloaking Constant K, And thickened the Erudite Verbal Ha/e Wrecked the Summary Cloaking Constant K Based on the Mummery I hat saved the Summary Hiding the Flaw And demolished the Theory Jack built. Depends on the giant. Actually, some giants are just regular A network of computers to put confuting facts and kinds of guys. Except bigger. figures into perspective. And that can be an advantage. Complete testing facilities to proveourbetterideas. How? Well, take Ford Motor Company. We're a giant And at Ford Motor Company, your better ideas won't in an exciting and vital business. We tackle big problems. get axed because of a lack of funds, (A giant doesn't carry a Needing big solutions. Better ideas. And that's where you midget's wallet, you know.) come in. Because it all adds up to a real opportunity for young Special programs. Diverse meaningful assignments. Full engineering graduates like yourself at Ford Motor Company. responsibility. The opportunity to followthrough.Thebest Come to work for us and you'll be a member of a select facilities. The funds to do a job right. No wonder 87% of the College Graduate Program. As a member of this program, engineers who start with Ford are here 10yearsslater. you won't be just another "trainee" playing around with If you're an engineer with better ideas, and you'd like "make work" assignments. to do your engineering with the top men in the field, sec the You'll handle important projects that you'll frequently man from Ford when he visits your campus. Or send your follow from concept to production. Projects vital to Ford. resume to Ford Motor Company, College Recruiting De- And you'll bear a heavy degree of responsibility for their partment. success. You and Ford can grow bigger together. You may handle as many as 3 different assignments in your first two years. Tackle diverse problems. Like figuring how high a lobe on a cam should be in order to yield a certain compression ratio. How to stop cab vibration in semi'trailer trucks. How to control exhaust emmission. Soon you'll start thinking like a giant. You'll grow bigger because you've got more going for you. If you want a career with the only big computer company that makes retail data systems complete from sales registers to computers, where would you go? Guess again. It's NCR, and this is not the only surprise you may get if you take a closer look at NCR. We're a company alive with new ideas, research, de- velopment. A year never passes without NCR increasing its investment in research. We have hundreds of engineers, chemists, and physicists exploring their own ideas for the companythat'swillingtowaitandletthemdoit. Take a closer look and you'll see that NCR makes com- puters, electronic accounting systems, highly sophisticated solid-state communications systems for space and defense applications, and you'll see that even our good old cash reg- isters have become advanced information machines for businessmen. In a list of "emerging ideas of 1966," Business Manage- ment magazine credits NCR with two out of seven: pioneer- ing in laser technology for recording data, and development of our new PCMI microform system that puts the Bible on a projector slide. When you start looking, look closely at NCR. NCR can sur- prise you; maybe you have some surprises for us. Write to T. F. Wade, Executive and Professional Placement, NCR, Dayton, Ohio 45409. Shell is a pair of sneakers-made from our thermoplastic rubber. Shell is a milk container-we were a pioneer in the all-plastic ones. Shell is a steel island—we are installing deepwater platforms for drilling and produc- ing offshore oil and gas. Shell is a clear, clean country stream —aided by our non-polluting detergent mate- rials. Shell is a space capsule control-ener gized by Shell's hydrazine catalyst. Shell is food on the table-made more plentiful by Shell's fertilizers. Shell is mileage gasoline-developed through Shell research. Shell is a good place to build a career as an escape. But, if you can't c o n s i s t e n l y "measure" and ENGAGEMENT - • • play along, it might be better to compartmentalize it according to Another problem for which I go drinkin' with the boys — al- the absolutes you know. Live with have no solution is that of hope- cohol may erase what she can't, us, be human, understand and ac- lessness and desperation. All of and you won't hurt the bottle cept our weaknesses even as we us hit points in our study at which with your bitterness. A couple accept yours. Don't stand on the there seems no way out — the can have some pretty shaking pedestal of superior minds and work may be just too difficult discussions under the influence scorn us — one day you may and tot a 11 y incomprehensible. of hopelessness — a person's find that you need to be down You fail an exam, can't work whole view of the world may be here beside us, and it may be too the problems, nothing influenced. far to jump at that time. seems to go right. I "View of the world" - - I And so I close, with the words seems to RO r i g h t . I wonder, too, if that isn't influ- "beside u s . " Because Ithinkthat guess engineering, with all its enced a bit by engineering. En- nearly all of you, whether you complexities that build on one gineers work so much with laws admit it or not, do want one of another, is more prone to this and rules and absolutes — "fig- us beside you. I hope that this than other fields. You've noplace ures don't lie." I think this may article may in some way help to go for help, no escape, so sometimes make you see the some one of you attain that goal. you give a girl a call. You inexact, unpredictable relations Go get'em, boys! "cry on her shoulder" for a of one human being with another while; she's (hopefully) sympa- as being somewhat worthless. I thetic and understanding, but r e - don't want to delve into philoso- member, boy, she can in no way phy or even logic, but I feel help you out of your difficul- that some of you may need to ties! (Remember? — she's the look at the world with a little one you had to explain differen- more warmth, a little more un- tial equations to in terms of derstnading for its many imper- simple algebra!) If you're lucky, fections. The illogical feminine she'll do everything in her power mind is rather a trademark for to take your mind off the prob- my sex, but sometimes I feel lem. Try to force yourself to that we have a more livable play along — she may then work idea of the world than you who Like rewards based on performance—not on how old you No other major corporation in our industry has grown so are, or how long you've been with us. By the same token, fast In the last ten years, sales have zoomed from $286.4 we do not subject you to long formal training programs. million to over $1 billion. We do^have a deep interest in helping you grow just as But that's just the beginning of the beginning. fast as you can. And in giving you as much responsibility We have a lot of serious growing to do. Right now. And as you can handle. some substantial, ground-floor opportunities to offer you. We believe that is the reason for our success —and as- If you can help us grow. ... sured growth —in international markets for chemicals, We need competent, imaginative, flexible people-with fibers, plastics, coatings, petroleum and forest products. degrees in chemistry, chemical or mechanical engmeer- If a pace like this sounds good to you, discuss us ing Physics, or industrial engineering. People who can be- with your faculty and placement officer. And see our comeaPart of our continuing leadership in areas such as representative when he is on campus. Or write to: John acety chemicals, vapor-phase and liquid-phase oxidation B. Kuhn, Manager of University Recruitment, Celanese Presses, fiber technology. And many more. Corporation, 522 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. 10036. an equal opportunity employer Frankly, we expect a lot. But we offer even more. 17th-Century Space Flight. Cyrano de Bergerac's science fiction fantasy about a box propelled into space by rockets came close to fact. Before the end of this decade, Apollo and LM will indeed be thrust to the moon by rockets, guided by AC Electronics guidance and navigation systems. Navigation, Second-Century B.C. Hipparchus's second-century astrolabe was used for celestial navigation until the Turtle vs. Eagle. In 1776, the American mid-18th century. Today, ships still depend "Turtle" attacked the British flagship on stars for guidance . . . through such so- "Eagle" in the first wartime submarine phisticated help as AC Electronics' computer- action in history. Today, AC Electronics ized Ships' Self-Contained Navigation System. contributes to both the defensive and the scientific role of the submarine...with guidance components aboard our Polaris fleet, and with its own undersea research vessel. Leonardo's Tank. Leonardo da Vinci was one of the first to envision the use of tanks in warfare. Contributing to the advanced state-of-the-art in tanks, today, is AC Electronics, with a computerized nre- control system for military land vehicles. Just twenty years ago the transis- tor was invented at Bell Telephone Laboratories, research and develop- ment unit of the Bell System. On December 23, 1947, Bell Labs scientists John Bardeen, Walter Brat- tain, and William Shockley showed that a small piece of the element germanium could be made to am- plify a speech signal about forty times. Later, in 1956, the trio was given the Nobel Prize for discovery of the transistor effect. The invention has resulted in the growth of the multibillion-dollar transistor industry, with scores of companies employing h u n d r e d s of thousands of people. Transistors are everywhere — in homes, banks, auto- mobiles, factories — even on the ocean floor and in outer space. They activate radios, TV sets, hearing aids, and telephones. They control industrial equipment. T h e y drive wristwatches, power tools; big ones even drive locomotives. They make complex calculations in giant com- puters, and process TV pictures from the moon. They even prolong life with "Pacemaker" heartbeats. Zap! An electric eel lights up his tank and takes his own picture w i t h a 600-volt strike. The eel is attacking the rod waved in f r o n t of him by engineer Cedric R. Bastiaans at the Research Laboratories of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Mr. Bastiaans is testing equipment Westinghouse developed for the electric eel exhibit at the new Pittsburgh Aqua-Zoo. The electricity shoots through the water to electrodes at the ends of the tank. It turns on all the lights of the voltmeter at the top of the picture, flashes the strobe light just below the meter, creates the pattern on the oscilloscope screen and sets off flash lamps to take the picture. Mr. Bastiaans wears big rubber gloves to insulate himself against the lethal voltage. The tail of another electric eel can be seen on the b o t t o m of the tank. "Sure it's my first year with B&W, but I've been too busy to think about that. I've been working in my field out making steam generation equipment. That led to all along, and the training sort of blends right in." atomic power stations, nuclear marine propulsion If Randy Trost sounds like a B&W booster, you equipment, refractories, specialty steel, machine tools, should hear what his supervisor says about him. computers, and closed-circuit TV. (And we still make We're looking for aggressive, talented young engi- the best boiler in America.) neers like Randy. We want you if you want significant If you'd like to talk with Randy Trost about B&W, responsibility from the start. In fact, we need more call him collect at our facility in Lynchburg, Virginia- engineers than ever before. That's because we're grow- AC 703 846-7371. ing faster. Sales were $560 million last year. Up 17 In the meantime, be on the lookout for the B&W per cent. recruiter when he visits your campus. That's how it's been from the beginning. We started The Babcock & Wilcox Company, 161 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10017. "My, but Joe is getting round Dressed as a pirate for Hal- "How did Pat get his black shouldered!" loween, the small boy knocked on eye?" "Too much study, I guess." a door and was greeted by a "He was leading the life of matronly woman. "Aren't you a Riley when Riley came home." "Study nothingl The trouble cute pirate," she said. "But with him is that he's been kiss- ing too many short g i r l s , " where are your buccaneers?" <( To which the little boy replied, SE "Under my buccan hat." But mama, I'm not hungry. 3E I ate all the raisins off the fly- Editor: "That co-ed draws paper. well, doesn't she?" Two men were working on the Asst. Ed.: (absently) "Yep, White House lawn in Washing- Spartan Engineer defines a low there were ten of us there last ton. Each had a small trash can neckline: Something you can ap- night." on rollers, and was walking about prove of and look down on at the picking up bits of paper with a same time. pointed stick. As one spied a s£ piece and was about to stab it, a gust of wind came up and blew the paper into the White House be One moonlit night, after a It's amazing what some girls dance, a fellow begged to drive through an open window. get away with and still keep their a beautiful young girl home. She Frantically the man rushed amateur standing. accepted and got into his roads- inside of the building. He returned ter. As they were driving along, shortly afterward and said to his She doesn't drink, he sighed deeply. companion: "I was too late. He She doesn't pet, "You're beautiful!" he mur- had already signed it." She doesn't go mured audibly. "That golden To college yet. hair!" "Thank you," she replied. "And your big blue eyesl They Si Engineer in a drug store: "Is your ice cream pure?" are beautiful, toot" Many engineers think that a "Thank you." good time is going places and Clerk: "Pure as the girl of And your lips — and pearly undoing things. your dreams." teeth." E n g i n e e r : "Gimme cigar- She t h a n k e d h i m again. As they rode along he continued to shower s! Then there was the E.E. who etts." Se her with compliments, but she loved the beautiful cellist espe- remained silent. Suddenly she cially when she was on her Bach. Little Boy: We've got a new "Can you drive with one hand?" baby at our house. she ,asked softly. Neighbor Lady: How nice. Did "Sure," he replied in nervous anticipation. Se the stork bring him? A little bear went tripping Little Boy: No, he developed "Well," she suggested, "why from a unicellular amoeba. don't you cover your mouth." t h r o u g h the woods one spring morning. "I'ma ready teddy, I'ma ready teddy", and gently swaying Wife: "I'm so mad I could her graceful body in time with the tune. Suddenly from behind kill that storekeeper for send- a big tree came big, hairy arms. ing me a bra two sizes too Some time later she continued small!" A career girl's mind moves on her way singing, "I'maruined Husband: "There, there, dear, her ahead, while a chorus girl's bruin, I'ma ruined bruin. try to pull yourself together. mind moves her behind. jokes... A shiny XK-E screeched to As he felt his way around the the curb where a tough-looking lamppost, t h e overloaded chem- A New Orleans priest was ex- co-ed stood waiting for a cab. ical engineer muttered, "S'no plaining the Church's views on "Hi," said the E.E. at the use, I'm walled in." birth control to one of his par- wheel. "I'm going west." ishioners, a Bourbon Street mus- "That's beautiful," c a m e the ician. "There are two alterna- cool reply. "Bring me back an tives," the priest stated. "Per- orange." iodic abstinence and complete be continence." The musician stood silent for SE An EE was in an exclusive jewelry s t o r e and was being a moment, apparently translat- ing the words in his mind. Then, shown some of the merchandise. with sudden enlightenment, he The waitress was wondering The salesman first showed him said, "I get it, Padre. Rhythm why the elderly man was eating an emerald and platinum brooch and blues." while his wife was staring out costing fourteen hundred dollars. the window. Feeling it was a bit expensive, "Aren't you hungry?" asked he asked to see something else. the waitress. The salesman showed him a dia- be "Sure am," was the reply, mond stickpin which cost nine "I'm just waiting till Paw gets hundred dollars. Getting rather A sophisticated girl is one who through with the teeth." annoyed at the steep prices, the knows how to refuse a kiss with- EE asked to see something else. out being deprived of it. The salesman was about to show h i m a necklace when the EE Ss si spotted a small round object. "What is that?" he inquired. "That is a solid gold pill Coed: "I'd like to see the Overheard in a M.E. class: box selling for $350," replied Captain of the ship." "On the last quiz, I got docked the salesman. Sailor: "He's forward, Miss." five points for having a decimal After thinking for a second, Coed: "That's all right. This point upside down." the EE queried, "Wouldn't it is a pleasure trip." be cheaper to have the baby?" THE ADVERTISERS INDEX AC Electronics 49 Allis-Chalmers . 1 American Oil 31 Anaconda ^ Army Engineers 40 52 Babcock & Wilcox 20 Bethlehem Steel Celanese 6 Collins Radio 21 Continental Oil Delco Eastman-Kodak Inside Back Cover c. 36 Ebasco 16 FMC - ; : : : : % General Dynamics n Back Cover General Electric ,c ID Hughes Aircraft „ International Harvester _o Lawrence Radiation Laboratory 13 Lockheed 8 Magnavox 54 Malleable Founders orioc o e, 9 Insert between pages 8 & » Naval Ordance Station 56 Naval Ship Missile Systems 44 NCR ' ' 18 NSA ' . 17 Olin . 33 4 Pan American - Aerospace .... Peoples Gas 28 & 29 Pratt & Whitney 37 RCA 45 Shell 38 Steel Founders Society 12 2 Teletype 48 Timken USAF . Inside Front Cover 41 Westinghouse Xerox No, the perfect job or place to work . . . is as elusive as the Foun- tain of Youth. This multiple hybrid, patchwork creature simply does not exist. Yet, we are convinced the Naval Ship Missile Systems Engineering Station has much to interest you in that direction. For example, we offer an excellent, smog-free, year- around climate, {thirty miles from Santa Barbara) generous vaca- tion and sick leave plans; opportunities for earning educational degrees up to the PhD level, as well as project responsibility and personal achievement recognition. Rapid career growth / salary increases are provided through our career development program. As an expanding organization, engaged in equipment and systems engineering both ashore and at sea with the Navy's surface missile system ships . . . we offer a variety of stimulating assign- ments. They include such areas as systems equipment engineer- ing • computer/data processing • weapons performance evaluation • missile launching, handling and stowage . . . to name but a few. So, if you're graduating with at least a BS degree in electronic, mechanical, electro-mechanical, electrical or general engineering and looking for a place to grow . . . consider the Missile Engi- neering Station. We're not exactly perfect, but we have much in our favor. At least, we'd like the chance to convince you. Fair enough? If you agree, why not stop by and see us on Campus on one of the dates below: This is the image of a Kodak mechanical engineer "Traffic is terrible today!"