"Miss Engineer" " i lovember 1951 I . VOL. 5/ No.1 Twenty Five Cents Another page for How to buck up a bucket To carry the tremendous load on the sheaves of this giant, 17-ton-capacity clamshell, engineers mount them on Tim- ken@tapered roller bearings. Due to line contact between rollers and races, Timken bearings have unusual load- carrying capacity. And because of their tapered construc- tion, they take radial and thrust loads in any combination. Friction is practically eliminated. Lubrication is kept to a minimum because Timken bearings permit effective closures to keep dirt and water out and retain lubricants longer. Mounting "sheave bearings The Ti.mken bearings in this application are mount- ed willi slotted cone spacers to provide lubrication through the sh'l.,ft.The entire sheave assembly is clamped together by means of a nut and spacers between eachbearing assembly. Felt seals are used. Cups are mounted with a press fit in the sheave hubs and positioned with snap rings. -------------- 0 How you can learn more about bearings TIMlIN TRAOE.MARK REG. U. S. PAT. OFF. TAPERED ROLLER BEARINGS Some of the engineering problems you'll face after graduation will involve bearing applica- tions. If you'd like to learn more about this phase of engineering, we'll be glad to help. For additional information about Timken bearings and how engineers use them, write today to The Timken Roller Bearing Company, Canton 6, Ohio. And don't forget to clip this page for future reference. NOT JUST A BALL 0 NOT JUST A ROLLER a:::> THE TIMKEN TAPERED ROLLER BEARING TAKES RADIAL ~ AND THRUST -ID- LOADS OR ANY COMBINATION "* a:::> After orientation ;'1 the new Westinghouse Educational Cen- ter, assignmetlts are made to various plants to familiarize graduate studellts with manu- facturing processes. bl this way, a wealth of experience is gailzed quickly ... with the help of ex- perietlced cou1lSeiors you can choose YONr career with more certainty. Westinghouse is growing rapidly. Its need for men to maintain this pace is great ... men who can be developed for responsible jobs-as fast as they can take it. The Westinghouse Plan is to select top men from top schools; give them a clear, comprehensive understanding of the company and the opportunities it offers in research, engineering, manufac- turing and application. Then, with experienced counselors, you select the type of work in which your education, training and background can be applied most effectively; where you will realize the greatest satisfaction from your work. With this plan ••• the result of 50 years of operation ... you Can get set quickly •.• for good. It has been proved through the years. For more information about it, send for our 32-page booklet -"Finding Your Place in Industry". G-10l72 EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT To obtain copy of "Finding Your Place in Industry", consult Placement YOU CAN 8E SURE ... IF ITS Officer of your university, or mail this coupon to: Mr. F. E. Reiber District Educational Co..ordinator Westinghouse Electric Corporation 306 Fourth Avenue 'Westinghouse Pittsburgh 3D, Pennsylvania Name..- School_ Year. Street-- - City -Zone.--State. 332535 November, 1951 STRENGTH is vital in pipe for city streets CRUSHING STRENGTH The ability 01 cast iron pipe to withstand external loads imposed by heavy fill and un. usual traffic loads Is proved by the Rlnq Com. pression Test. Standard 6-inch cast Iron pipe withstands a crushlnq welqht 01 more than 14.000 lbs. per loot. BEAM STRENGTH When casl Iron pipe Is subJected to beam stress caused by soli settlement. or disturbance Be doubly sure when you specify pipe for 01 soli by other utilities. or restinq on an 0b- maiDs to be laid under city pavements. Sure that it struction. tests prove that standard 6-lnch cast Iron pipe In 10-loot span sustains a load of effectively resists conosion. Sure. also. that it has 15.000 lbs. the four strenqth factors. listed opposite. that pipe must have to withstand beam stresses. extemal loads. SHOCK STRENGTH traffic shocks and severe workinq pressures. No pipe. The touqhness 01 cast Iron pipe which enables 1\ to withstand impact and traffic shocks. as dellcfent in any of these strength factors. should ever be well as the hazards In handlinq. Is demon. strated by the Impact Test. While under hydro- laid in paved streets of cities. towns or villages. static pressure and the heavy blows from a Cast iron water and qas mains. laid over a century aqo. 50 pound hammer. standard 6-lnch cast Iron pipe does not crack until the hammer Is are servinq in the streets of more than 30 cities in dropped 6 times on the same spot from pro- North America. These attested service records prove qtessively Increased helqhts of 6 Inches. that cast iron pipe not only assures you of effective resistance to conosion but all of the vital strenqth BURSTING STRENGTH In full lenqth burstinq tests standard 6-lnch factors of lonq life and economy. cast Iron pipe wlthslands more than 2500 lbs. per square Inch Internal hydrostatic pressure. which proves ample ability to resist water- ~ l'A!. l' ~IIHCl)l hammer or unusual worklnq pressures. CJlft IRON PIPZ JlESE&JlCH ASSOCIATION. THOS. F. WOLFE. MANAGING DIRECTOR, 122 SO. MICHIGAN AVE•• CHICAGO 3. SPARTAN ENGINEER ~. 2 _ Do you want a career with a future? You'll associate with men of highest Decide now to build your career at More and more of America's outstand- renown, men who can help further your Boeing after graduation. Boeing has ing engineers are carving fine careers for continuing needs for experienced themselves at Boeing. They've found a own standing. You'll find here research and junior aeronautical, mechanical, future here in an Engineering Division facilities that are among the world's electrical, electronics, civil, acousti- that's been growing steadily for over finest. And you'll enjoy a good salary cal and weights engineers for design 35 years. that grows with you. and research; for servo-mechanism If you measure up, there's great op- More housing is available in Seattle designers and analysts; and for than in most other major industrial physicists and mathematicians with portunity here for you, too, and the centers. Or, if you prefer the Midwest, advanced degrees. rewarding experience of working on some of the nation's most vital pro- similar openings are available at the For further information, grams such as the B-52 and B-47 jet Boeing Wichita, Kansas, Plant. In- consult your Plocement Office or write: bombers, guided missiles and other quiries indicating such? preference will JOHN C. SANOERS, Staff Engineer- Personnel be referred to the Wichita Division. Boeing Airplane Company, Seattle 14, Washington revolutionary developments. BDEING 3 November, 1951 "Put your %there.I" "Ever have nightmares? "I don't, often. But I sure had one last night! Wasn't my usual one, being chased by a lion and falling off a cliff. In this dream it was Election Day. I was at the polls, kidding with some of the boys I knew ... but they weren't kidding back. They looked sort of worried or scared or something. "Anyway, I got my ballot, stepped into the voting booth and pulled the curtain. I wet the end of the pencil ... to make my X's big and black. Thm tbe nightmare part began. "A tough-looking soldier stepped into the booth. He put his finger on the ballot and said, 'Put your X THERE! And THERE •.. and THERE •• .' None of the names I'd picked, either. He had a big black gun pointing right at me. "That was last night. Today, all day, I've been thinking about it. I'd known that was how some elections got settled in other places. But it never occurred to me before how lucky I was to be a citizen of this country. Here I vote according to my conscience, not a gun. And I do other things the way I please ... like going to church, or picking Out my own kind of job down at the Republic plant. Try that where there's no freedom! "That's it ••. Freedom! We've got all the Freedom in the world. Bu t, honestly now, do we really appre- ciate it? Do you? I admit I've done my share of griping ... probably never will get over that habit. "But, with Freedom-grabbers at work here as well as abroad, I want to be sure on Election Day that we're all alone in that voting booth. With nobody to tell us, 'Put your X THERE!' No sir!" REPUBLIC STEEL Republic Building, Cleveland 1, Ohio Republic BECAME strong in a strong and free America. Republic can REMAIN strong on III in an America that remains strong and free ... an America whose many thriving industries have brought the world's highest living standards to her people. And in serving lndtlltry, Republic also servesAmerica. Take, for example, the Food Processing Industry. Here untold millions of pounds of food are processed, refrigerated, packed, canned and frozen for the American table. And here Republic's gleaming Enduro Stainless Steel can be found on the job ... in vats, cookers, sterilizers, mixers, coolers, to name but a very few ... guarding faith. fully the food your family eats. * * * Por '" full color re(wint of thiS} i ".v_rllse",.,,,, write Dept. H, Rqllbl/e Stool, Cu",,~1I 1, ObM 4 SPARTAN ENGINEER - - ---- -- --- --------~~~~~.~ SPARTAN ENGINEER EDITOR Table of Contents A. VERNER NELSON • articles BUSINESS MANAGER RADIOACTIVE WASTE . m 7 ELTON H. MOORE FIVE YEAR ENGINEERING? 8 ASSISTANT EDITOR Robert G. Kitchen ENGINEERS' BALL .__. ..__. .__.. 10 THE CYCLOTRON .__..__ __ __ __. __ 11 ASSISTANT BUSINESS MANAGER Douglas Hamilton "LET'S BUILD A BETTER MOUSETRAP" 12 FEATURE EDITOR "THAR'S GOLD IN THEM METALLURGICAL FIELDS" . .. 15 L. Bruce Miller NEWS ..EDITOR • features Phil Sanford THE SOCIETIES __.m .__ __ 13 PICTURE EDITOR AL U'MNI NEWS __._..__ __ __ 14 Paul Kline NEW DEVELOPMENTS ..__.. .. 17 ADVERTISING MANAGER Robert Gay PICTURE PAGE .__.. .m • __ •• ... • _ •• 20 SIDE TRACKED __..__ ..__ 36 CIRCULATION MANAGER William Tappe COVER - BARBARA VOGEL STAFF "MISS ENGINEER 1951" Jack Harper See Page 10 John Thoma Dave Wing Published four times yearly by the students of the SCHOOL OF EN. Bob Pryor GINEERING, MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE, East Lansing, Michigan. Chuck Huver The office is on the third floor of the Union Building. Phone 8.1511, Tom Gangler Extension 251. Entered as second class matter at the Post Office in Margaret Ann Fettig Lansing, Michigan, under the ad of March 3, 1879. Elizabeth Borland Address Mail to: P. O. Box 468, East Lansing. Michigan. Publishers representative PHOTOGRAPHER Littell.Murray.Barnhill, Inc. Carl Romick 101 Park Avenue, New York. 605 W. Michigan Avenue. Chicago CARTOONIST Subscription rete by meil $1.00 per yeer. Single copies 25 cllnts, Hal Sundstrom 5 November, 1951 • New- -Horizons In PetroleUIll W HETHER 1'I"s BUTADIENE: carbon black ... ammonIUm •• • •• sulfate ... or any of many other products made by Phillips Petro- leum Company and its subsidiaries ... they all have one thing in com- mon. They are derived from crude oil or natural gas. Phillips Petroleum Company has been and still is primarily a pro- ducer of motor fuels and lubricants. But today we are expanding rapidly in new fields of petrochemicals and high polymers, fields which offer unique opportunities for ambitious engineers and chemists. For example, we need the widest 'variety of engineering talent to operate the largest furnace type carbon black plant in the world. We require technical men of high competence to carryon research and production in the fields of ni- trogen fertilizers, synthetic rubber, sulfur chemicals and materials for syn thetic fibel's. In many phases of the company's business we offer supervised, on- the-job training for new men in order that they may be prepared to accept assignments of responsi- bility and importance. We invite qualified men to write to our Employee Relations Depart- ment for further information about opportunities with our company . - • PHilliPS PETROLEUM COMPANY Bartlesville, Oklahoma _ 6 SPARTAN ENGINEER --- RADIOACTIVE WASTE By ANDREW NESTER Senior M.E. the radio active components of the radiochemical waste As with any large scale industry, elimination of waste has been an important factor for normal operation. The development of atomic energy industry presents and storing it. Its position in the disposal system may be seen on the liquid waste flow sheet (Fig. 1). Here again, time being the necessary factor to deplete the new problems to the sanitary chemist and engineer. In l":1dioactivepotency of the material in the concentrated this case, the new problems are much more difficult ~torage tanks. than those ordinarily encountered. One must think in terms of an expanded use of radioactivity for peace time developments which will of necessity result in the hand- ling of more and more radioactive waste. Although much has been uncovered by the Subcom- mittee on Waste Disposal and Decontamination, which operates under the auspices of the National Committee on Radiation Protection, the field is relatively new and will require a more elaborate and intense study for coping with the many problems that will arise from radioactive materials. Radioactive waste is not to be segregated to only chemical solution but also may in- clude other materials such as clothing, utensils, laboratory animals and plants, laboratory equipment and exhaust air. This incomplete list suggests the complexity of the subject. It is not feasible that an article of this nature could do justice to all forms of radioactive waste, there- fore for the remainder our interest shall be concentrated toward disposal of liquid waste. OAk" ,l?IOGE NATIONAL LABORATORY - f./O/./I/J WA.5T£ FLOW Sf.lEET (r~1.J Before liquid wastes can be discharged into recelvmg streams or rivers, precautions must be taken to prevent At Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, evaporation contamination of these waters by atomic energy in- stallations. To inform the reader of the task that these was selected for concentrating radioactive waste because it was the simplest and most certain method of complying atomic energy installations will have to undertake, it with the policy that no detectable amounts of radio- might be well to investigate some of the properties of active materials be discharged into the Mohawk River. radioactive elements, which directly affects the design The allowable limit for "no detectable radioactivity" has of the installation. been arbitrarily established as 300 disintegrations per Perhaps the paramount factor in dealing with radio- minute per liter of alpha activity and 4000 disintegra- activity is that it cannot be destroyed. No degree of heat tions per minute per liter of beta-gamma activity. The or cold, no chemical reaction can speed up or slow down dilute waste contains up to 1.2 X 104 disintegrations per the emanation of particles and rays from radioactive minute per liter alpha activity and 1.4 x 106 disintegra- atoms. This is the only agency capable of eliminating tions per "minute per liter of beta-gamma radioactivity. the effects of radioactivity. This fact presents the large A forced circulation -type of evaporator system having scale producer of radioactive waste with two alternatives a rated capacity of 500 gallons per hour was used. This for disposing of it: (a) He can render the radioactive system consisted essentially of a"flash pan, circulating waste harmless by diluting it and dispersing it until pump! heat exchanger, a separating tower and condenser. the concentration of radioactive components is too low to damage animal tissue, (b) He can separate the radio- Cost for highly concentrating the dilute radioactive active components from the waste, concentrate them to a waste in a safe and effective manner is approximately convenient volume, and store them until time can 3 cents per gallon. Indirect and amortization costs in destroy them by natural decay. this installation were about 8 cents per gallon additional. The method used at Oak Ridge National Laboratory "Two other treatments are employed in some installa- which employed a radiochemical waste evaporator fol- tions. These are" treatment of waste by ion exchange lowed alternative (b) for disposing of radioactive waste. The evaporator performed the function of concentrating (Continued on Page 22) November, 1951 7 ~~, " ,I "I . FIVE YEAR ENGINEERING? r~--~n~---_ ..- -- ~--- --, ,I ._'~ 1 I. B. BACCUS Head, E. E. Dept. ARE FIVE YEARS OF STUDY NECESSARY FOR A B.S. IN ENGINEERING? L. C. PRICE Head, M. E. Dept. sciences; the appreciation of the impact of economic, DEAN LORIN G. MILLER social, and political factors; the ability to correlate knowledge and experience with imagination-all these 1 ORIN G MILLER former head of Michigan State's M.E. department, was appointed Dean of the En- constitute education in its broadest sense. The proposition under question must be considered in gineering School in July, 1948. Prior to joining the staff at MSC in 1929, he served the light of these fundamentals. Unless engineering is with the Western Electric company, was an assistant to be placed on a completely graduate status, there is professor of machine design at the University of Wis- only a limited amount of time available to the under- consin, and Dean of Engineering at Des Moines Uni- graduate for the acquisition of these fundamentals. versity. Necessarily this time should be devoted to gaining these He received a B.S. degree from Des Moines University attributes which will best fit him to take his proper in 1910, and a B.S. in E.E. there in 1911. He did two_ place as an educated man in our competitive world. It years of graduate work at M.LT. in 1913 and 1914. follows that those courses which might be of value Dean Miller was president of the Michigan chapter only to a technician must give place to those of a broader of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating nature. Engineers in 1936 and 1937. He also served as president Observations have shown that assimilation of engi- of the Michigan chapter of the American Society for neering material reaches its maximum for 80% of stu- Engineering Education. dents after four years. Those desiring more formal Prominent in the field of heating and ventilation, he education usually attend graduate school. If the present is retained by Montgomery Ward for expert witness in system were extended to five years, it might impose patent cases and has written a number of articles for financial difficulties for those who have limited funds engineering publications. and impose hardships for students changing colleges. If the five year plan were to come into effect, all SHOULD THE PRESENT UNDERGRADUATE major engineering schools should do so at one time. ENGINEERING CURRICULUM BE EXTENDED Smaller schools would then probably follow suit. TO FIVE YEARS? Dean Miller IRA BISHOP BACCUS T HE fundamental purpose of education is to teach the individual to think and to furnish him with P ROFESSOR BACCUS came to Michigan State Col- lege as an assistant professor in 1940 and, in 1947, knowledge. The reasoning powers developed by mathe- he was appointed a full professor and head of the matics; the insight gained from the study of the physical electrical engineering department. 8 SPART AN. ENGINEER Previous to his arrival at MSC, Professor Baccus was Engineering Education, American Association for the an assistant professor at Oklahoma A. & M. He was Advancement of Science, Tau Beta Pi, Phi Kappa Phi, also associated for a number of years with several pri- and Sigma Xi. He is also author of numerous articles in vate utility companies which include the Texas Power the field. and Light Company, Dallas, and the Central Power and He received his M.E. and M.M.E. degrees at Cornell Light Company, San Antonio. During the war, he was University. a lieutenant in the United States Navy, and an instructor at the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. SHOULD THE PRESENT UNDERGRADUATE Professor Baccus worked in collaboration with seven ENGINEERING CURRICULUM BE EXTENDED others to write two electrical engineering textbooks TO FIVE YEARS? published by the U.S. Naval Institute. Professor Price He received his B.S. degree in electrical engineering at Texas A. & M., and his M.S. in electrical engineering HE question of four years versus five for an engi- at the University of Texas. He also obtained the pro- fessional degree of E.E. at Texas A. & M. and did addi- T neering college degree involves three main consid- erations: tional graduate work at the University of Southern 1. The recent increase in both breadth and depth California and the University of Texas. of engineering knowledge. Professor Baccus is a member of the American Society 2. Differences in capability between individual of Engineering Education, Association for the Advance- students. ment of Science, American Society of Professional Engi- neers, Tau Beta Pi, Sigma Tau, Phi Lambda Tau, , 3. Whether a fifth year is proposed to precede or follow the bachelor's degree. Ancient Free and Excepted Masonry, and Pi Kappa Technological advances have raised engineering from Alpha. the "mechanic arts" stage to that of a science. In the field of design, for instance, large factors of safety were SHOULD THE PRESENT UNDERGRADUATE formerly used to allow for unreliable materials and our ENGINEERING CURRICULUM BE EXTENDED ignorance of how they behaved under varying stresses. TO FIVE YEARS? That method is still used in some cases, but there are Professor Baccus many other cases where exact knowledge of the effect i of live loads and control of material properties allow /I S THE scope of modern engineering widens, the the use of factors of safety not much greater than unity. 1"1. need for a more intensive engineering education The "ignorance factor" is still with us but is disappear- I I increases. But as our society becomes more complex, ing fast. Engineering today requires an exactitude and the need for the individual to understand society and an ability to use mathematics and other basic sciences his position in it also becomes greater. to a degree unheard of in former years. i It is almost impossible to increase the course load If all students had the same ability to handle tech- of the present engineering student. Although many students desire both liberal arts and engineering train- ing, they do not wish to see their baccalaureate program extended by an additional year. Since the importance nical problems, a five-year (or more) college course might be the best thing. Individuals differ, however, and only a minority are able to profit by more advanced training. The others, with talents not necessarily in- I 'I I of a broader engineering education seems to be widely ferior but simply different, reach their technical limit I recognized, the student might utilize his first few su~- at a lower level, and it would be a waste of time, money, mers in college taking courses that will augment hIS and effort to try to train them further. engineering training. The only change that may be The most logical answer to the question seems to be needed in our present engineering curriculum is .one ~f in advanced training only for those students who want approach. Possibly the basic college is a trend m thIS it and are capable of putting it to use. All must be direction. An engineer is not made in any specified given a thorough training in engineering fundamentals, amount of time since engineering is an evolutionary but to compel everyone of them to attend college five process. The onl; real solution is actual work experience. years for a bachelor's degree would be unfair to those Another solution may be to keep the B.S. degree on a who neither want a fifth year nor can use it. This is broad basis instead of making an attempt to give too especially true as long as there are many colleges which much specialization in strictly technical subjects. It would certainly continue to give the same degree after would then be generally understood that those students four years. All the arguments about how poor those desiring to become specialists must continue with grad- colleges were would' not glter the fact that all bachelor's uate work. degrees look just alike on paper. No definite line is agreed upon as to where the funda- mentals end and advanced training begins. But whether LEONARD C. PRICE the dividing line belongs at the end of the present four- ROFESSOR PRICE joined the mechanical engi- year course or not, one conclusion seems clear: P . d . July neering department at MSC m 1942 an , m . ' 1949, he was appointed head of the departme?t. Smce 1. Grant a bachelor's degree at the end of a college course in the fundamentals of engineering. Let those coming to Michigan State, he has also been m charge who can and will take advanced training continue for a master's or even a doctor's degree. of all machine design .. ht If it is decided that four years are right for the funda- Previous to his work at MSC, Professor PrIce taug experimental engineering at Cornell University from mental training, then we are led to a second conclusion . 't of which answers the original question: 1923 to 1926. He then transferred to the Umv~rsl y. 2. Give the bachelor's degree at the end of four years Arkansas where he instructed mechanical engmeerIng of study during which the fundamentals are emphasized. from 1926 to 1942.. Give a master's degree at the end of a fifth year for Professor Price is a member of the American ~oclety advanced study and specialization. of Mechanical Engineers, Society for the PromotIon of 9 November, 1951 "Falling Leaves" ANNUAL ENGINEERS' BALL TO BE HELD NOVEMBER 10 By MARGARET FETTIG Senior Journalism Major N OVEMBER 10 is the date for all engineers to circle on their calendars for that is the day of the eighteenth Other decorations will be miniature bridge structures, triangles, and crests of all engineering societies on cam- pus. Even the tickets will be made up in the form of annual Engineers' Ball, sponsored by the Engineering Council. slide rules. Previous to the first ball, the Engineers used to hold Fif~n of the 20 door prizes will be subscriptions to an annual banquet. Then, in 1932, it was decided that the Spartan Engineer and the remaining five will be instead of a dinner, a yearly dance should be held. The revealed at the dance. first ball was at the Masonic Temple in Lansing and was During intermission, "Miss Engineer" and her court a closed affair for Engineers only. However, since the will be introduced by master of ceremonies, Chops war, the Engineers' Ball has been an all-college dance Munir. "Miss Engineer," who is a pert green-eyed and semi-formal rather than strictly formal. brunette by the name of Barbara Vogel, will then be "Falling Leaves" is the theme of the dance this year presented with a crown which she will wear for the which is being held in the Women's Gym. The decora- remainder of the ball. tions committee, headed by Jerry Lampe, is working Barbara is a sophomore from Adrian, where she was hard to give the dance a true breath of autumn through their artistic achievements. named "Miss Aviation" last summer. She was also a member of the Harvest Ball court a year ago. Multi-colored leaves will be strewn about the edges of the floor and gay streamers of crepe paper will The members of "Miss Engineer's" court are Joan adorn the walls and ceiling as some 300 couples dance Dever, Detroit senior; Marilyn Griffin, Pontiac junior; to the music of Drexel Lamb and his 10 piece orchestra. and Jo Pickens, Royal Oak junior. The queen and her Drexel Lamb, who played at Island Lake last summer, court, who are the first group ever named by the has gained a great amount of popularity. throughout the Engineers, also reigned at the Engineers' Exposition last Mid-West for his many fine performances at various spring. college dances. Lamb's style is very similar to that of Committee chairmen for the ball are: publicity, Bob the old, and well-loved band of Glenn Miller. Lamb Kitchen and Paul Eaton; decorations, Jerry Lampe; and features his rhythm section along with five saxophones tickets, Harry Lipsitt. and a trumpet. Tickets are now on sale at the Union desk and the Also featured with the band is Miss Dorothy Ryan, Engineering office in Olds Hall, or tRey may be pur- vocalist, who was formerly with the Sonny Dunham band. chased from any member of the Engineering Council. 10 SPARTAN ENGINEER - -- -- -~- ----------- THE CYCLOTRON • ELECTRONIC MAGIC By l. BRUCE MILLER Senior E.E. the atom smashing cosmic rays of nature to release these particles. I Nthe hills near Berkeley, California, is a building that looks like a toy roundhouse from a distance, but inside Mesons are particles which come very close to zero, both in the space they occupy and the time it takes for this building it looks large enough to hold a football stadium. This is the home of one of the largest cyclo- them to emit their energy. They are believed to have trons on the earth. binding force which holds the atomic nuclei together. The control room is located along the circular wall. According to Einstein's theory of relativity, energy is Countless black panels are speckled with hundreds of converted into matter at high velocities. This caused indicators, clocks, lights, buttons, and switches. Blue, some trouble in the early cyclotrons. As the partic1e6 green, and amber moving lines flash messages on dials. which were being accelerated approached the speed of In the center of all this electronic magic is a man who light their masses became greater. This caused the can shut off the whole atomic "shooting match" with particles to slow down and the timing system was one finger. He watches the dials, makes calculations, thrown off. and decides what the 4000 ton electromagnet is to do. This limited the cyclotron operation to less than one This cyclotron weighs 4900 tons. The 4000 ton electro- million volts because greater voltages imparted velocities magnet contains enough steel to build an ocean liner. to the particles which were too great. But relativity was It imparts extremely high velocities to atomic particles thwarted with a frequency modulator which operates by using electrical impulses. on the same principle as FM radio. This modulator adjusts the frequency of the electric impulses to the speed of the particles, and enables cyclotrons to attain OSCillATOR voltages of 400 million volts. All 92 elements can be made radioactive by bombard- ACCELERATING ing them with particles. Bombarding an atom changes ELECTRODES a stable structure to an unstable structure, causing it to emit radiation. Some of the elements can be changed PATH OF to an element which is lower in the atomic scale, such PARTICLES as iron to cobalt, or manganese. Radioactive elements SOURCE are used in industry, biology, medicine, chemistry and agriculture as well as in research work. Radioactive elements retain all the physical properties of the original elements, and are utilized exactly the TARGE:T same by plants and animals. Scientists can use" these facts to learn many things about living things. By supplying a radioactive element to a living organism they can trace its path through the body with a geiger £LECTROD£S~_~~PATH counter. Such small amounts of the substance are used that it has no ill effects on the body. Tests have shown MAGNETS ~ ",, __ ' _ such things as how long it takes a substance to be SOURCE dispersed throughout the body, and how much of a substance is destroyed in a 24 hour period. Radioactive yttrium is being used in the industry. It emits a ray which will penetrate up to ten inches of Fig. 1 shows the principles of the cyclotron. Atomic steel. By placing a photographic plate on one side of a particles such as deuterium (heavy water) nuclei are steel plate and shooting these rays through it, any flaws released from the source. The accelerating electrodes in the steel can be detected by dark spots on the impart high velocities to the particles. They travel around in a spiral until they fly off at a tangent and photographic plate. Radioactive materials are being used experimentally strike a target. A timing system controls the electric in the treatment of diseases. Beams of neutrons can impulse which increases the speed of the bullets as they penetrate deeply into living tissue and release local cross the gaps between the electrodes. radiation which can be made intense enough to kill Atoms are composed of electrons whirling about a cells. Much work has been done with this in the treat- nucleus in their respective orbits. These parts of the ment of cancer patients. atom can be smashed with the present high voltage From the above examples, it can be seen that de- cyclotrons, but there are other subparticles called posi- velopments in the radioactive field are unlimited and a trons, mesons and hypothetical particles called neutrino. large number of engineers will be required to expand These subparticles are what scientists are primarly in- terested in at the present time. Cyclotrons must duplicate this field. \1 November, 1951 IILET'S B'UILD A BETTER MOUSE-TRApll LORIN G. MILLER Dean of Engineering on truth and preCISIon that he fails to express himself T HE scientific advances of a nation are largely gen- erated by a comparatively small number of scientists, thinkers and scholars. Like the traditional mousetrap so that laymen can understand him. More than that he is not inclined to express himself at all in public. Like- builder, the world has literally beaten a pathway to the wise his habit of depending upon calculated results has individual doors. The names of Edison, Bell, McCormick, impaired his intuitive judgment. Another expression Westinghouse, Einstein and Steinmetz illustrate the for such judgment is "common sense" in which th& point. These men were forerunners of today's engineers engineer is not apt to rate high. in whose capable hands lie the technological advance- Knowing the material at hand and the shortcomings ment of the future. of the old machine, how shall we proceed to build the However powerful the engineer may have been in "better mousetrap?" Shall we just increase the number developing the nation scientifically and forcing indus- and complexity of the parts, perhaps make some of them trial revolutions, he is almost never a leader in exploiting stronger and heavier, perhaps heat treat or alloy some his own product. As one writer has said he has sections, change the paint-job and add a little chrome "brought forth tools and agencies of tremendous power trim? Or shall we analyze the shortcomings, the new re- -and left them lying around to be picked up by anyone, quirements and the new markets and design a new to use for any purpose. It is as though we made up machine? This would seem to be the engineering ap- nice packages of gunpowder and matches, and scattered proach. them around in a kindergarten and walked away." It Engineers are finding themselves in positions of re- remain's for the engineers of the future to interest sponsibility unknown to the profession a decade ago. themselves in the control of the powerful items he has Fields in advertising, sales, management, administration produced. and government are now open to men with technical To build a better mousetrap, or a better engineer, training. As a corollary to this fact the whole world has one must first consider the material at hand. What are become so mechanized that the public, particularly those the mental and moral resources of the raw material of responsible for making and enforcing laws must have which engineers are made? First he must have a better- some technical help. It is the engineer's responsibility to than-average mind with some ability or discipline in be able to tell his story in such words that the laymen logical and orderly thinking. Reason and reasoning are can hope to understand him. to be his stock in trade. In addition he must be endowed World affairs are in such condition that it will require with imagination or at least a spark of originality. Dis- the combined effort of all trained men to maintain honesty may not exist as a part or an alloy of the progress toward an acceptable way of life for the engineer. He is responsible for the comfort, health and peoples of the world. Engineers have provided the lives of his fellows as well as great investments in time necessities and then the luxuries of life. They have also and money. And finally this reasonable, imaginative, developed the production of destructive agencies to the honest individual must be endowed with enough indus- point where, if used, such civilization as we have could try, persistence and confidence and blessed with such be destroyed. They must gain experience with human a fair measure of health and strength tha~ objectives problems as they have learned to deal with physical can be accomplished. problems. But what of the old mousetraps? Engineers as a body I am confident that engineers when convinced that are prone to exhibit more interest in "things" than in they have a greater part to play will prepare themselves people. He is not given to inquire into what makes for it. They should become convincing in speech, im- folks act like they do. This type of personality is apt movable in morals and active in politics. Undergraduate to be lacking in the element commonly called "leader- years provide the time, the place and the facilities for ship." His training has had so much emphasis placed such preparation. ~ __ .1.2 S_PA_R_T_A_N_E_N_G_I_N_EE_R_ CLUB AND SOCIETY NEWS EDITOR'S NOTE: Club and Society New~ is a regular ENGINEERING COUNCIL feature of the SPARTAN ENGINEER. If you are in an engineering society. honorary or club which does not have The Engineering Council recently held its first meet- a story of your activities in this issue, I suggest your organ- ing of the 1951 fall term. New officers for the year are: ization appoint a publicity chairman who will report your group's activities for each issue. News of physics. math A. Verner Nelson, president and science organizations is also welcomed. This news Donald Davis, vice president should be turned into the SPARTAN ENGINEER office not later than Dec. 1 for the January issue-A. V. N. Paul Kline, secretary Robert Gay, treasurer The Engineering Council is composed of two members from each of the various engineering societies on campus J. E. T. S. and one from each honorary. Professor H. P. Skamser, faculty advisor to the Engi- neering Council, talked on the shortage of engineers and explained what MSC is doing to remedy the situation. He outlined the Junior Engineering Training for Junior Engineering Training School Schools plan which consists of setting up a JETS club in Michigan high schools to give prospective engineers some insight as to the opportunities and varied fields of engineering. The Engineering Council has pledged its This is the Golden Age of Engineering-golden in op- support of the MSC JETS program .. portunities, for achievement and service, for rewards and opportunities. Never before have the demands for Plans for the Engineers' Ball, which is to be held on engineers been greater, nor the need for technical men November 10 in the Women's gym, were discussed and more critical. The sense of satisfaction, the feeling of committees appointed. The dance is to be an all-college pride, and the rapidly increasing financial rewards for semi-formal affair with tickets at $2.00 per couple. graduate engineers exceed all previous expectations. The Engineering Council wishes to bring to the atten- tion of the engineering societies this tentative bi-weekly Dean L. G. Miller of Michigan State College's School meeting schedule which was proposed last year. of Engineering foresaw the present engineering shortage, The schedule is designed to eliminate conflicts in which has now become so acute that some national meetings with other societies, and it is suggested that leaders are predicting it will be our defense bottleneck. the organizations concerned try to arrange their meet- Therefore, he conceived the idea of a "Junior Engineering ing schedules in accordance with it. Training for Schools" Club for high school students. 2~d Tuesday of November - ASCE, ASME, ASAE, J.E.T.S. is a chance for high school boys to become ASChE, ASM, AlEE, Eta Kappa Nu junior engineers. 2nd Wednesday of November - Engineering Council J.E.T.S. Clubs have already been organized in such 2nd Thursday of November - Phi Lambda Tau places as Belding, East Lansing, and Bath, Michigan. 1st Tuesday of November - AFS, SAE, ASH and VE J.E.T.8. Club members begin as apprentices and advance to junior and senior engineers. 1st Wednesday of November - Pi Tau Sigma, Chi Mu Epsilon Any group of four or more who are interested in 1st Thursday of November - Tau Beta Pi engineering may form a club in their high school. The club offers opportunities to know engineering through engineering projects, visits with engineers in industrial plants and on construction jobs; to have engineers come * * * AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS to the club and explain the different branches of en- The purpose of the American Institute of Chemical gineering. Engineers is to bind more closely together the students enrolled in chemical engineering; to acquaint them with It also offers opportunities to visit the Engineering Exposition at Michigan State College, see movies about the code of ethics of the profession; and to prepare engineering, and to compete for a college scholarship them for membership in the parent organization. at the Engineering Exposition at Michigan State College All students, including freshmen and graduates, in May. majoring in chemical engineering are eligible for mem- The officers of the club are: Captain, First Officer, bership. Communications Officer, Navigator, and J.E.T. Pilot Meetings are held throughout the year, for which from the high school faculty, plus consulting engineers speakers are brought in from industry to talk on and from industry. discuss various phases of the profession. It is possible for one member from any club to win a Other activities include a winter term banquet, spring college scholarship for next year. If you are interested term picnic, occasional field trips to industrial plants, in having fun while learning about engineering, just and participation in campus activities such as the Activ- drop a card to: Lorin G. Miller, Dean, School of En- ities Carnival and the Engineering Exposition. gineering, Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich- (Continued on Page 26) igan. 13 November, 1951 ALUMNI NEWS (Contributions to this feature are welcomed. Send to Alumni News Editor c/o Spartan Engineer) I, Ray A. Friend, M.E. '51, is with the Saginaw Malleable l EWIS J. Patterson, C.E. '39, has been appointed Assistant Manager of Operations for the Michigan Limestone and Chemical Company, at Rogers City, Iron Central Foundry Division of General Motors, and is making his home at 1821 Hanchett, Saginaw. Michigan. The appointment was effective as of July I, William (Bill) Throop, C.E. San. '51, is working for 1951. Chain Belt Co., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and reports that Herbert L. Helbig, Ch.E. '43, is now Division Manager he sees Bob Easter, Herkie Bowers, and Tracy Clark for the Central Atlantic Division of Reichhold Chemicals, occasionally. Inc., and is located in Charlotte, North Carolina, where William D. Barnes, Ch.E. '48, is Research Chemist for the company is building a new plant. The Atlantic Interchemical Corp., 432 W. 45th St., New York City. plant will specialize in the manufacture of synthetic He is working on his M.S. Thesis in Ch.E. at Polytechnic resins for the area's paper, plywood, furniture and Institute of Brooklyn. textile industry. Robert Brezsny, Ch.E. '48, has returned to Michigan Lee J. Rothgery, C.E. '21, was a campus visitor re- from Oklahoma and is now employed by the Peerless cently. He is now Associate Engineer for the California Cement Corp., 8941 W. Jefferson, Detroit 17, Michigan. Institute of Transportation, which is located at the Uni- Gerald Edgerly, Ag. E. B.S. '48, M.S. '51, is with the versity of California, Berkeley 4, California. Mr. Roth- U. S. Rubber Co., Detroit, as Junior Technician, and is gery was connected with the Civil Engineering Depart-. working on rubber research for agricultural machinery. ment at State before going to California. Clifford F. Grary, Jr., Ch.E. '48, is partner in Gray Prof. C. M. Cade, C.E. '13, retired as Professor of Civil Equipment Co. and lives at 1007 S. Highland, Dearborn, Engineering at State last July, and is now located in Michigan. San Diego, California, where he plans to teach for the Robert Hitchcock, M.E. '48, is District Manager for next year or two at San Diego State College. The Louis Allis Co., in Engineering Sales Department. Robert G. Parkhurst, E.E. '43, visited East Lansing He is with the Grand Rapids Branch and lives at 1657 and the States this summer. He is now located at Chamberlain Ave. Caracas, Venezuela, and is connected with the Interna- Gerald Klinger, M.E. '51, has just accepted a position tional General Electric Co. with the Olds Motor Company in Lansing. Donald J. Alverson, M.E. '50, has just published a Don Morfee, C.E. '48, has been transferred by the technical report on "The Effect of Annealing Upon American Bridge Co., to the Boston Office. His home Castings Containing Burned on Sand" for the Foundry address is 111 Independence Dr., Chestnut Hill, Massa- Educational Foundation of Cleveland, Ohio. Alverson chusetts. is a Core Room Supervisor at the Eaton Manufacturing Company plant at Vassar, Michigan, and his repor~ was Fritz Bowers, C.E. '48, is now with the Commonwealth selected as an example of outstanding achievement of a Associates, Consulting Engineers, Jackson, Michigan. recent M.S.C. engineering graduate in the cast metals William G. Roper, M.E. '48, is with Westinghouse industry. Electric Corp., and lives at 647 4th St., Sharpsville, Pa. Eldon Shotwell, Ch.E '38, is Process Engineer in the Reports that he has just moved into a new home. Electroplating Department of Ternstedt Division of General Motors, and is now located in Detroit. Herbert Lloyd, Mte. '50, is studying for his M.S. Degree * * * * at M.LT. He was a summer visitor on the campus and ENGINEERS IN SERVICE reported that he had met Jim Jursik, E.E. '51, who has started his advanced work there, and that he frequently Willard E. Barrett, '50, was previously with American saw Fred Buttner, Mte. '44, who has completed his Air Filter of Kentucky and is now teaching in the Ph.D. work at M.LT. Both Herbert and Fred work artillery school in Fort Sill, Oklahoma. under the direction of Professor Howard Taylor, who Pvt. John D. Bottje, '50, is an instructor in the use of graduated from M.E. at State in '36. basic hand tools at Camp Gordon, Georgia. Albert Kurisu, M.E. '51, reports that he arrived safely Lt. Donald R. Brundage, '50, is training officer for in Hawaii. He is with the Pearl Harbor, Naval Ship- basic training group of Signal Corps Replacement yard Commission, and lives at 536 Main St., CHA-3, Training Center, Co. 12 BTG-SCRTC, Camp Gordon, Honolulu. Georgia. Charles Brum, C.E. San. '51, is with Drury, McNamee Lt. Baldwin R. Carr, '50, has been missing in action & Porter, Ann Arbor, Michigan, and lives at 316 since April 25, 1951. No further information to date. Thompson St. James R. Carr, '50, was discharged from the Navy in Walter Chmielewski, M.E. '51, is with the Union August and is now with Foster Engineering Co. of Electric Company of Missouri, and now makes his home Lansing. in St. Louis, Missouri. Brother Jerome, M.E. '51, is Lt. Charles L. Cheever, '50, recently completed a with the U. S. Rubber Company, 6600 E. Jefferson, Detroit, Michigan. thirteen-week course at Ft. Monmouth, New Jersey. Adrian Chamberlain, Ag.E. '51, is doing graduate work Lt. William G. Clemons, '50, is assistant Air Adj. Gen- at Washington State College, Pullman, Washington. eral with the 2847th Transportation Control Wing, U.S.A.A.F., Newark, New Jersey. John Clay, C.E. '51, is with the Boeing Airplane Co., at Seattle, Washington. (Continued on Page 30) ~ 14 S_PA_R_T_A_N_EN_G_1N IITHAR'S GOLD IN THEM 11 METALLURGICAL FIELDS By LAWRENCE S. KLASS Senior Met.E. As for a metallurgical career in general, it may be concerned with steel, cast iron, copper, aluminum, brass, bronze or any of the dozens of existing metals and alloys. It may have to deal with their application in industry or the testing of their properties. It may involve pro- duction in furnaces, rolling mills, forge shops or foun- dries, research, heat treatment and design. Last but not least consulting, teaching, and editing or writing may be added to the list of the general frontiers in metallurgy .. Quite often the question arises as to whether metal- lurgical engineering is an important profession or not. The answer is definitely, that it is. It would be practi- cally impossible to name one com[llonly used modern product that does not contain metal, is not manufactured by the aid of metal, is transported without the help of metal or is consumed or utilized without the aid of metal. Without metallurgy there would be no airplanes, auto- mobiles, telephones, refrigerators, tools, and hundreds of thousands of other useful things we take for granted, existing from a range of products that vary in size from ball-bearings you can conceal under your fingernail to gigantic diesel and electric locomotives. All the mentioned achievements were not contrived solely by metallurgy for no branch of science is inde- pendent of every other. Each borrows from the other and each aids the other's usefulness. Regardless, metallurgy is indispensible to modern c'ivilization; for a glimpse at one field only, that of transportation, will reveal how basic and important was the aid given by metallurgy and metallurgical engineering in building bet you recall the good old days when Dad was a I youngster and when full-length skirts and bustles were as popular as Bikini bathing suits are today. I America. As for interesting work, the field of metallurgy leads the way for the metallurgist or metallurgical engineer imagine you also recall the cry that sounded and re- who works in a world of natural secrets and meets the sounded at Sutter's mill about 102 years ago that "Thar's challenge of producing and creating for mankind by gold in them thar hills." bending nature to his will. Today a similar cry is arising throughout the country Perhaps you have seen Walt Disney's film, "Nature's and that is that "Thar's gold in them thar metallurgical Little Acre," where living creatures were observed in fields." The only difference is that the response to their natural environment and splendor. It was spell- this modern cry has been slight and the gold to be found binding for it showed the beauty of nature as few of us does not exist in the form of gold nuggets or gold dust. actually observe it. Well, metallurgy is of a similar For this metallurgical bonanza consists of expanding category, for it is nature's little metallic acre and the opportunity-yes "golden" opportunity in a very old art, wonders observed both visually and under high powered but an extremely young science, because a few years microscopes are striking and extremely interesting. ago metallurgists were as unknown as the nickel beer is today. Also very interesting is the general plan for training young men for the metallurgical profession. The first The question may arise that if such wonderful oppor- two years in training are largely devoted to the funda- tunities exist, then why not a great surge within mentals of science, as are most engineering courses. this field? The answer lies in the fact that most of the After this indoctrination, the student is introduced to people in this country either have no idea of what the science of metals, followed by the practical applica- metallurgy consists of or else just a vague idea. How- tion of this science in heat treatment cold working ever, the public is not at fault for extremely few high grain growth, hardness testing, photom'icrOgraphy, and schools teach any metallurgical courses, and very few countless other tools of metallurgical engineering. Dur- colleges offer metallurgical curricula. It is unfortunate ing this period the student obtains experience in electro- this condition exists. It can be remedied in due time, plating, chemical spectroscopy. atomic physics, and but education must lead the way, for what we want in (Continued on Page 22) the nation we must first put in our schools. 15 Novembe" 1951 ENGINEER_in charge of OPPORTUNITIES by HERBERT J. RASS, Manager, Employment Department ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY (Graduate Training Course 1942) HERBERT 1. !lASS AYBE that's a far-fetched way of thorough grounding on operations carried ing and experience in almost any phase of M putting it-but I am an engineer (Marquette 1941, Electrical Engineering) on throughout the plant, and made many contacts. In 1950I was made manager of work that you want ... even go on and get advanced degrees. Or, like so many and a great many men do pass through the Employment Office. of us, you may use it as an opportunity to the Employment Department to oppor- get experience with many phases of the Recruiting engineers for the Graduate tunities with Allis-Chalmers. I did the Company's operations. Training Course is one of our functions, same thing myself. and perhaps this is a good place to tell Industry's Broadest Range During my last two years at Marquette something about the course. There are over 75 training locations for in Milwaukee I worked as a cooperative The course here is actually tailor-made Graduate Training Course engineers at " student at Allis-Chalmerson the electrical for each man, and you help plan it. You Allis-Chalmers' Milwaukee Plant alone. test floor, in electrical product depart- can work it out to get concentrated train- They include research, design and sales ments on both design and application work, and in the shops. When I graduated, I continued in the Graduate Training Course, on training location with what is now the Employe Relations Department. After six months-opportunity came ,. around to look me up. The Company .1 officer in charge of Industrial Relations Ii talked to me about personnel work and asked if I'd like to go on with it as a :1 career. Liked Working With People Bythat time I'd seena lot of the Company, both product design and manufacturing, and I knew I liked working with people better than with machines, so it was just the break I wanted. During the war I was This is a 7 ft. x 8 ft. x 250 ft. rotary lime sludge kiln. Allis-Chalmers is also an in the shops on personnel work, got a important supplier of kilns to the cement industry. application on a wide range of products such as motors and generators, crushing, I "I cement and mining machinery, steam and I hydraulic turbines, centrifugal pumps, transformers, electronic equipment and milling machinery. That's only part of it. You can go into the shops and manufacturing end of the business-work in planning and produc- tion control, personnel, time study, wage determination and labor relations. Or, there's laboratory and research, purchas- ing,advertising, salestraining, export sales. Somewhere during the two-year course you're going to get a start in the work " that suits you beit. If you have the stuff, i , opportunity is going to come your way. " If you'd like more information about the Graduate Training Course, stop in for a visit at your nearest Allis-Chalmers district or regional office-or write for Giant spiral casing for hydro power project is one way of showing that Allis-Chalmers literature. can build them big. i A//is-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, ALLIS-CHALMERS ~ Milwaukee 1, Wisconsin ~ }r , , 16 SPARTAN ENGINEER New Developments NEW AUTO-PILOT FOR SHIPS from 133 to 150 in the 4-71 series, and from 200 to 225 in the 6-71 series. At the same time, a fuel saving- HE us Navy is now possessor of a completely auto- T matic marine pilot system, capable of holding a ship device has been installed in the form of a Fuel Modu- lator, an automatic control that feeds exactly the right to within one-half a degree of its exact course. amount of fuel and air for maximum efficiency re- Three main features give the automatic pilot an gardless of throttle position. The Modulator regulates advantage over the hand method of piloting a ship. the fuel flow at speeds below 1500 rpm, the point where First, it has an automatic compensator that "trims" the heretofore a driver could "lug" the engine and waste ship when there is more force or resistance on one side fuel by operating the vehicle in an uneconomical gear of the ship than on the other. This prevents the ship from going on a circular course, should there be any deviation in force. Then for making turns, there is an automatic compen- sator that prevents the vessel from turning past the desired compass heading. A third advantage is a weather adjustment which can be set to minimize rudder action in heavy seas, cutting down stresses on the hull caused by excessive rudder action. In addition to these advantages, the auto-pilot will save fuel because of less rudder moving, and will require almost no maintenance. This is because it has some magnetic amplifiers that can be used to step up the power as it is needed. Finally, the instrument has an override, which in case of an emergency, can be fixed for a helmsman to take over. * * * DIRECT RECORDING FOR FILMS An exterior view of General Motors' Motion picture producers now can do their own re- new "Million Miler" Diesel engine cording directly onto film. By means of a magnetic stripping applied to a film range when he should have shifted into another. and a prototype camera, the sound can be recorded on Another new feature of the Million-Miler that has each film directly. This means that a film can have any increased horsepower is a camshaft that keeps valves number of sound tracks, and that they can be recorded opening through a greater portion of the shaft revolution, on a previously made film. as compared to the former engines. The new camshaft The new film, Magna-Stripe, is made by placing a opens the valves longer, providing freer breathing, strip of magnetic oxide on the base side of a standard better scavenging of the burned gases, and a better black and white or color film. The stripping, approxi- charge of fresh air. Whereas the Fuel Modulator cuts mately 1/10 inch wide for 16 mm., can be placed on fuel wastes below 1500 rpm, the camshaft improves fuel the film either before or after it has been used for economy approximately six percent at engine speeds picture taking, and even if it already has an optical or above 1500rpm. photographic sound track. To supply the necessary amount of fuel, the fuel The projector used with the magnetic tape is equipped injectors have been changed from 70 cu. mm. on the old with a microphone, through which sound is recorded, engines to 80 cu. mm. on the new Diesel. To lessen the and can be played back immediately after the recording need for shifting, the governed top speed of the new is completed. If revisions are necessary, an electronic engine has been increased from 2000 rpm. to 2100 rpm. mechanism will erase the sound from Magna-Stripe, and The cylinder head and cylinder block have ground the recording repeated. faces, allowing metal-to-metal contact without need for a head gasket. Synthetic rubber rings and strip gaskets seal water and oil openings, while a cupped washer type * * * MILLION-MILER DIESEL ring seats on the individual cylinder sleeve and seals the combustion chamber. The cylinder head is heavier- proportioned, with increased wall thickness, heavier ribs The Million-Miler is a new Diesel engine developed and struts to minimize deflections, while the crankcase by General Motors for use in future GMC trucks. Horsepowers in the new engine have been increased (Continued on Page 28) 17 November, 1951 { I ~. Only STEEL can do so many jObsl so well ••• I I WHEELS WITHIN WHEELS. Here you are looking into the driving gears of a 10-ton vertical closing machine, making U'G'S TIGER BRAND Elevator Rope to lift and lower the elevators in many of our country's famous skyscrapers. This equipment also manufactures general hoisting rope for applications such as the cranes shown in illustration at right. Whether you need enormous steel cables to support a bridge, or wire that's finer than a human hair, United States Steel manufactures a wire suited to your special requirements. I' I, ,, HOW TO SWING A STEEPLE 80 FEET UP. Here are two cr~ne~ compl~ting the 80-~oot lift of a prefabricated steel steeple, and abou~ to swm~ l~ over Its base. Umte~ States Steel has won a world-wide reputatIOn as fabricators and erecto.rs 0 steel work for everything from football stadia to church steeples, from bridges to television towers. FACTS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT STEEL CAVE OF THE WINDS. This largest "supersonic" wind tunnel ill, GIANT SHEEPSFOOT ROLLER. Army Engineers the world-at the National Advisory ComInittee for Aero- find this odd-looking, 36-ton steel roller a In 1951 the American steel industry musl nautics, Lewis Laboratory, Cleveland-is capable of providing be abl~ 10 purchase 30 million tons of very useful tool for compacting and leveling high grade scrap outside the industry: if air velocities up to twice the speed of sound for aeronautical off fill in the construction of airstrips. Al- il is 10 achieve Ihe record steel productoon research. The tunnel's testing chamber measures 8 by 6 fee4 though the defense program will require in- goals set for it by our defense program. and has flexible walls of higWy-polished U'S'S Stainless stell creasing amounts of steel, the constantly- Memo to manufacturers, farmers and pro. plates, specially made by U.S. Steel for this vital defense projed expanding steel-producing facilities of United prietors of auto "graveyards": Turn in States Steel should enable it to supply steel your scrap' It means money for you, more for many essential everyday uses, too. sleel for Americal ., I NEW WAY TO GATHER GOOBERS. This new peanut combinf. threshes along the row where the peanuts are grown, gather! up nut-laden vines, picks them clean, and deposits the mulch UNIT E0 STAT ES STEE L to condition the soil for the next crop. In tests, it has reduce'. harvesting man-hours per acre from 30 to 4, lets two men di' Ilep~' J_ ~ -./ / a ~ ~ _.U __ zCa This trade.mark is your guide the work of 12, saves $40 an acre. By supplying steel for sue! CJLeJ. w uua t:;.U.Qr to quality steel equipment, U.S. Steel helps build a more productive America ~- HOMES INC NATIONAL TUBE COMPANY • Oil WEll SUPPLY COMPANY AMERICAN BRIOGE COMPANY • AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE COMPANY and CYCLONE FENCE OIVISION • COLUMBIA STEEL COMPANY • CONSOLIDATED WESTE~ STEEL CORPORATION GERRARO STEEL STRAPPING COMPANY GUNNISON .' Y • VIRGINIA BRIOGE COMPANY • Y COMPANY UNIVERSAL ATLAS CEMENT COM PAN TENNESSEE COAL, IRON & RAllROAO COMPANY • UNION SUPPLY COMPANY • UNITED STATES STEEL COMPANY • UNITED STATES STEEL EXPORT COMPAK UNITED STATES STEEL PROOUCTS COMPANY. UNITEO STATES STEEL SUPPl • 19 18 SPARTAN ENGINEER November, 1951 I ~: I I ~ E E N E I' ,I I' G R , I ' I' I. S ,. 'I I: N M4king Souvenirs for A.F.S. Banquet I ' I;: Ii; If, L; II; " I. AS.AE. Exhibit 4t Activities C4miv41 AS.M.E. Recruiting Members in Olds Hall AI.Ch.E. Displ4Y at Activities C4rnival AS.M. Making Photo-Micro Graphs 20 SPARTAN ENGINEER At ENDRES IS ONE of a team of Standard research At CHECKS EFFECTS of a spray on an apple tree with men engaged in testing the effectiveness of a new Lloyd Boyd. This is part of another project being powder against plant fungi in the greenhouses at carried on in our Whiting greenhouses. AI also worked Whiting. Men at Standard Oil's Whiting laboratories on control, and corroborative tests that led to devel- often work in close conjunction with research proj- opment of petroleum fractions to kill weeds. ects at university centers. How chemistry is winning the War on Weeds AGRICULTURAL weed control has for a long with groups of scientists at other agricultural time presented chemistry with one of its colleges. Great progress was made on weed- most interesting problems. Recent successes control in the cultivation of celery, aspara- in this field by petroleum scientists demon- gus, caraway, dill, parsnips, and cranberries. strate the- broad scope of activity to which Another tough weed-elimination problem research men in Standard Oil's Whiting was crab grass. To do the job, it was neces- laboratories are daily exposed. sary to find a killing agent which would The story of weed control begins with knock out the crab grass, yet leave other wartime manpower shortages on truck farms. grasses unharmed. Recently, Standard Oil Vegetable crop failures increased because hIiS'been able to announce successful test weeding could not be done by hand. Scien- results on the petroleum fraction which is tists discovered that certain petroleum cuts today's miracle crab grass killer. would rid carrot crops of weeds without These are just a few of the many problems harm to flavor. that give young Standard Oil research men This led to further experiments on the the satisfaction of knowing they have con- weed-killing possibilities of petroleum frac- tributed to an advance in our way of living tions by Dr. B. H. Grigsby and his assist- through new uses for petroleum and petrole- ants at Michigan State College-cooperating um products. Standard Oil Company 910 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago 80, llUnois 21 November, 1951 L RADIOACTIVE WASTE MET. FIELDS (Concluded from Page 7) (Continued from Page 15) foundry practices. Probably the most important aspect and activated sludge processes. The treatment by ion is that the student is given a well-rounded education exchange is founded on a chemical basis, while the so that he does not become a narrow-minded, one-track activated sludge process employs sewage disposal specialist who lives in an ivory tower, but a broad- practices. minded, intelligent citizen with a good acquaintance of '.I The common purpose of the activated sludge process the social and political problems of the country. is to remove organic material from suspension and solu- When a metallurgical engineer obtains a job upon tion. As applied to the treatment of radioactive waste graduation, he first serves an internship, just as a the purpose is rather to remove inorganic isotopes from fledging doctor must serve as an interm. He is basic:Hly very dilute waste water solutions. The inorganic isotopes well-trained, but must now get training in practice; thus only have very minor nutritional value for microbio- begins the most interesting part of his career for it is in logical systems. Congequently, for application to radio- industry that amazing problems arise, for metals are active waste treatment, activated sludge requires supple- needed to withstand heat, cold, pressure, shock, wear, mental organic food for the excess production of and corrosion. Yet these metals must be sufficiently zoogloea growths which can be removed when the ductile and workable enough to be formed into the radioactivity is concentrated in the biological floc. shape of bars, plates, forgings, tubes, etc. AbOve all, these metals must be cheap. Any specific statements about the disposal of radio- A good example of how one problem was conquered active waste is dependent on the particular radioscope was the dream of light weight helmets for our G.I.'s in concerned. Acceptable disposal practices depend upon the second World War. The required properties were such inherent characteristics as half life, biological tox- astounding for the material required had to be ductile icity, presence of stable isotopes in nature, solubility, so that it could be pressed into a helmet shape on a mass and type and quantity of radiation and its function in a production basis, yet so hard and tough that the helmet ,, i biological system. would stop a bullet from a service revolver in close Ideal solution of waste disposal problems involves range and light enough so the soldier could wear it. the establishment of practices that will prevent the Metallurgists neatly solved this problem. They developed exposure of man to radiation greater than to which a heavy alloy and the intricate process of manufacturing he has been exposed since the beginning of time. To it into thin sheets, less than 0.05 inches thick. This prevent his exposure to all radiation is impossible, of alloy was sufficiently ductile and tough to be formed course, but much will have to be done to keep his ex- into the helmet, sufficiently hard and strong to protect posure to the minimum. Towards this aim the modern its wearer and light enough to wear. sanitary engineer will have to change many of the Undoubtedly there are no greater expanding oppor- accepted standards to meet these new requirements. (Continued on Page 24) " I I ~~ WATER STILLS Barnstead Laboratory and Indus- trial Water Stills are the proven standard of the scientific and industrial world. They produce water of unvarying consistency and unmatched purity. Easy to Over 100. SlUS ana operate, easy to dean, they pro. models 10 meel any pure waler require- vide pure water at low cost. menl. 22 SPARTAN ENGINEER For engineers who like challengi~gwork Meeting this country's civilian and military after a short training period, to turn these production needs is providing an endless vari- things out under factory conditions. There's a ety of problems to challenge the best of engi- real kick in doing work like that! neering brains. And, because of the specialized experience Here at Westem Electric, as in all big manu- gained in our regular telephone job, Westem facturing concems, the job calls for the pooling Electric is also working on many important of special skills by mechanical, electrical, indus- communications and electronic equipment proj- trial, chemical, metallurgical and other engi- ects for the Armed Forces. Such things as radar neers-to come up with the right answers. fire control systems for the Navy's biggest guns and for anti-aircraft guns-radar bombing sys- tems for America's largest planes-multi-chan- The primary job at Westem Electric-the nel radio sets for all types of military aircraft- manufacturing unit of the Bell System-is to electronic marvels to launch, guide, and explode make the thousands of kinds of telephone equip- the latest guided missiles-provide opportuni- ment needed to keep this country's telephone ties galore for creative production planning. service going and growing. Many of these prod- ucts are so tiny or so unbelievably complex- calling for such precision-that you'd think Both of Westem Electric's jobs-telephone they could be made only by skilled technicians and military-are vital to this country's present working under closely controlled laboratory con- and future strength. Both are filled with chal- ditions. Yet Westem Electric engineers devise lenges for the best engineers of today and machines and techniques which enable workers, tomorrow. SYSTEM SINCE 1882 ,- A UNIT OF THE BELL 23 November, 1951 ( MET. FIELDS (Continued from Page 22) L Beginning Its tunities than within the metallurgical fields. For example, the metals and alloys which perform satisfactorily in 1951 automobiles cannot be used in the engines of jet 37th Year propelled airplanes. New alloys must be utilized, having A some of the properties of the conventional alloys, but with superior strength, stiffness, and toughness to with- of SuccessFul stand the erosion of hellish gases emitted, the high N Stamping temperature which varies anywhere from 300-2000. F. as well as the high, concentrated stresses in rotating and stationary parts. S' There is also a tremendous demand for the use of finely divided metals in explosives, a field which has Service come into its own since the last war. This demand is due principally to the satisfactory results obtained by I the increase in penetration and in blast by the use of powdered metals as projectile beads as well as internal ingredients. There has also been great expansion in the use of N powdered metals in flares, invaluable for night fighting, in colored signals and smokes for communication and rescue, in airport landing lights for foggy atmospheres, G and in photoflash bombs, up to a half-million candle- power. These are just a few of the possibilities that exist in powder metallurgy and where considerable progress is necessary for improvement in application, utility, and research. Another good example of wonderful opportunity is the field of the radio metallurgists who conduct research S with tracer atoms and help production control through their utilization. Since 76 of the well-known elements are metals and all of them have radio-isotopes (either naturally or artificially excited), these metallurgists T have a wide open frontier for interesting and profitable work. A SIMPLIFIES STAFF and PINION M WORK p BROWN & SHARPE AUTOMATIC PINION TURNING Serving Manufacturers of I MACHINE AUTOMOBILES AGRICULTURAL N EQUIPMENT INDUSTRIAL G EQUIPMENT •.• dependably meets all close tolerance and fine DOMESTIC finish requirements of military and civilian assemblies, EQUIlPMENT LAWNMOWERS ( such as clocks, instruments, fuses and timers. This machine is representative of the improved design 1159' Pennsylvania Avenue o features that make the Brown & Sharpe line of Automatic Screw Machines worth investigating. Brown & Sharpe Write for literature. Mfg. Co., Providence 1, R. I., U.S.A. Lansing, Michigan • i ... BROWN & SHARPE }U'S ~_ ~~_2_4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_SPARTAN ENGINEER spheres. Not even sound clues MET. FIELDS can be given to these answers now, but certainly they will re- Not to be overlooked is the con- quire materials with unique com- sideration that approximately 8000 binations of properties. alloys and 45 of the 76 metallic In fact, to the solution of every elements are used commercially. current pro b I em confronting It would seem that the combina- America, the metallurgist or met- tions of alloys and proportions of allurgical engineer can make a metals had reached its zenith. substantial contribution. For in- However, the number of alloys stance, improving sanitation, de- that might be made commercially veloping better housing, creating is astounding. For example, 148,- labor saving machinery as well as 995 alloys, each containing only conserving mineral resources and Begin your career by four metals, are possible if only metals, especially since critical doing what the mas- one per cent of each of the 45 shortages of steel, copper, alumi- ters do ••• use metals is investigated. Here lies num, nickel, magnesium, and CASTELL with the a task for metallurgical pioneers tungsten exist. famous imported of many future generations-a test These and similar problems will graphite. It costs no of combining and proportioning challenge the metallurgist and more than ordinary alloys of commercial significance. metallurgical engineers of this domestic brands. The possibilities can only be generation, the coming generation dreamed of. For example, "Will and generations to come. So let's 18 superlative de- these metals lead to alloys that outshine the grizzled prospector of grees that match ev- are transparent and tough, replac- the past and raise our voice to ery mood of genius. ing brittle glass?" "Will they lead sound and re-sound the modern Ask for CASTELL9000 gold cry throughout the country at your college sup- to wear proof alloys that do not expand or contract over a wide that "Thar's gold in them metal- ply store. range of temperature?" or per- lurgical fields." There is gold all haps for jet propelled rockets fly- right and plenty of it for all that ing at supersonic speeds in frigid desire it, but it is a rare type, for temperature and changing strato- this gold is "golden opportunity." A lovely co-ed named Loretta Loved wearing a very tight sweater. Three reasons she had: Keeping warm wasn't bad, But the other two reasons were better . • There's a K&E slide rule for every purpose. Whether designed to meet the modest needs of the beginner or the exacting require- ments of professionals, all K&E rules feature "built in" accura'! and reflect the skill and craftsmanship of America's most experI- enced slide rule manufacturer. KEUFFEL & ESSER CO. [ST. Ufl7 NEW YORK • HOBOKEN, N. J. Chicago. St. Louis. Odroit • Son Froncisco • Los Angeles. Montreal 25 November, 1951 AFS officers for the coming year are: CLUBS AND SOCIETIES Wesley Hauchildt, president (Continued from Page 13) Ashley Sinnett, vice president Gene Rundell, corresponding secretary The first meeting of fall term was held on October 2, Herb Schlacter, treasurer in room 405 Olds Hall. Professor M. F. Obrecht was elected as the second faculty advisor to assist Dr. R. W. Ludt. After the business meeting, Mr. Harry Henderson of AMERICAN * * * SOCIETY FOR METALS the Carrier Stephens Co. of Lansing, spoke on "Con- The American Society for Metals has as a primary tainers for Transporting and Marketing Chemicals." objective the promotion of the treatment, manufacture and fabrication of metal products. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS Meetings are held monthly in Olds Hall and all inter- An organization meeting of the American Society of ested metallurgical engineering students are eligible for Civil Engineers was held on October 4. Officers are: membership. Peter Stukkie, president AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Don Emory, vice president James Hunter, secretary The MSC chapter of ASME has recently been invited Richard Zolnick, treasurer by the Jackson chapter to attend a Jackson meeting, a dinner and a tour of the Clarke Equipment Company. "The Advantage of ASCE After Graduation," was the Meetings of the mechanical engineering society are title of a speech given by Harry Conrad, president of held in 113 Olds Hall on alternate Tuesdays. the Christman Building Company. Regularly scheduled meetings are held on the first and third Thursdays of each month. ASCE wishes to * * ETA KAPPA NU * extend a special invitation to all sophomore civil engineers. Eta Kappa Nu officers for the coming year are: Barret Hargreaves, president AMERICAN * * * FOUNDRYMEN'S SOCIETY Bruce Miller, vice president Robert L. Lucas, record secretary The first regular meeting of the American Foundry- AI Ueberroth, treasurer man's Society met in early October. Members received EKN is the electrical engineering honorary. composed news both interesting and valuable to the engineer in a of members in the upper third of the senior class. On talk given by Carter Collins of Albion Malleable Iron . October 20, seniors were made members. This winter Company. Mr. Carter spoke on "Opportunities for the term, students from the upper fourth of the junior class Engineer in the Metal Casting Industry." (Continued on Page 28) DAIL STEEL PRODUCTS CO. Incorporated 1913 Manufacturers of Metal Stampings and Assembly Work LANSING I, MICHIGAN j '. ~ 26 SPARTAN ENGINEER The complete Roebling line meets every transmission, distribution and service need ROEBLING is the best-known name in the whole And here's another important fact: many Roebling ~eld of wire and wire products ... and from electrical wires and cables afford special advantages their copper conductors to their protective jackets, to users. One type of cable, for example, brings sub- Roebling electrical wires and cables are produced stantial savings in installation costs. Another type, entirely in Roebling plants. There's a complete line, due to extras built into it, lasts longer and saves re- too ... more than sixty standard types representing placement.dollars ... Outstanding today, the staff of the best that is known today in materials and con- Roebling's research laboratory works continually to struction ... assuring maximum dependability and assure even better products tomorrow. John A. utmost economy on the job. Roebling's Sons Company, Trenton 2, New Jersey. • W R evelt Rd * Cillcillllatl, 3253 Fredonio Ave * Cleve'alld, 701 St. •• Ie ..,., 934 Avon Ave * '011011, 51 Sleeper St *. c'''ca~ah 55i5'ld: o:sHaustoll, 6216 Novigotion Blvd" Los Allge'es, 216 S. Alameda St Clal, Ave, H.E. '* Do""or, 4801 Jackson St .. Detro,t, 915 FIS er :~, ;;g,,,. 230 Vine St .. San 'rancisca, 1740 17th St .. Sea"'e,9OO ht - H_ "ark, 19 Roctor 5t .. Odossa, Texas, 1920 E. 2nd,Sht .. p , aSt~ PE'pa~rtSal.. Office Trenton, N. J. Ave, S... Tulsa, 321 N. eyen"e x • - 27 November, 1951 amateurs throughout the world. Other activities in- CLUBS AND SOCIETIES clude picnics, hamfests, field days and "get-to-gethers" (Concluded from Page 26) with other clubs. will be admitted. Membership is open to any member of the student "The Bridge," Eta Kappa Nu national publication, body or faculty and may be had by attending the meet- recently carried an article and photographs covering the ings in room 602 in the E. E. Building. MSC chapter. Meetings are held on Tuesdays from 1 to 2 P.M. in NEW DEVELOPMENTS room 211 of the E. E. Building. (Concluded from Page 17) SOCIETY * * * OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS has heavier wall thickness and new increased thickness of the cylinder top deck. Cylinder sleeve counterbores in the top of the block The Society of Automotive Engineers endeavors are deeper and carry steel inserts for seating the sleeves, through the use of lectures and pUblications to promote thus providing service advantages. technical skill and social usefulness of students looking Further improvements to lengthen engine life include forward to a career in the automotive and aeronautical a stronger crankshaft, a Houde viscous damper, and industries. heavy-duty copper lead bearing for the crankshaft and Officers for SAE for the coming year are: connecting rods. The crankshaft is a heat-treated steel James Albrecht, chairman forging, has Tocco-hardened journals and pins, 1'011- Jerry Colby, vice chairman burnished fillets after grinding and peened oil holes, Sharman Siam, secretary-treasurer all of which increase durability. Torsional vibration Professor G. W. Hobbs and will be controlled by the new damper, which functions Professor L. L. otto, tentative faculty advisors over a greater speed range than the old type, giving All regularly enrolled students expressing an interest longer shaft and bearing life. in automotive or aeronautical engineering management Valves in the new engine are seated at an angle of or education are eligible for membership in the society. 30 degrees, as opposed to 45 degrees in earlier models. M.S.C. AMATEUR RADIO CLUB This reduces pounding of the valve face at higher speeds. Injector rocker arms are of the new one-piece "pallet" One of the main activities of the MSC Radio club is type to improve contact and durability, and both the No. to introduce interested students to amateur radio 1 and 2 piston rings are now chromeplated to increase through code and theory classes conducted by the mem- life and minimize the possibility of stuck rings. Oil bers. Those members who have their licenses partici- control rings are of a new heavy-duty type and are pate in traffic nets, receiving and sending radiograms expected to reduce oil consumption to one-third of for students as well as casual conversation with fellow previous experience. LINDELL Established 1910 DROP FORGE COMPANY Incorporated 1923 Manufacturers of HIGH GRADE DROP FORGINGS 2830 SOUTH LOGAN LANSING 3, MICHIGAN TELEPHONE 4-5403 28 SPARTAN ENGINEER ,. ,..;.t+~- .... _..-:..~;~~ ~ ~-~1-; ::.....~;". " ~ . -. - ":.'-~ ..~~- ..... --_ _ _--- ...... ..... ............. ---~_._- New portable radiotelephone, of less weight bllt longer range, designed and built by RCA engineers. Lonfer ranc;e, bar hCjifer we/fJhl- Continue your education with pay-at RCA the"7iKe-alonlj RadOj/hone" Graduate Electrical Engineers: RCA ~r Victor-one of the world's foremost manu- facturers of radio and electronic products -offers you opportunity to gain valuable, You've undoubtedly read how useful came up with an instrument weighing well-rounded training and experience at a good salary with opportunities for ad- our Armed Forces found their port- only 29 pounds. Its range is double that vancement. Here are only flve of the many able radiotelephones. Now this indis- of the World War II model. projects which offer unusual promise: • Development and design of radio re- pensable military instrument has be- Even more important, under present con. ceivers (including broadcast, short.wave ditions of pressing need, RCA was able to and FM circuits, television, and phono- come even more efficient. grapb combinations). beat the most optimistic estimate of the time • Advanced development and design of At the Signal Corps' request, RCA needed to design such an instrument by AM and FM broadcast transmitters, R-F induction heating, mobile communications engineers undertook to streamline the nearly three months. Signal Corps engineers equipment, relay systems. older, heavier model-which many a . have called this "A major engineering and • Design of component parts such as coils, loudspeakers, capacitors. soldier of World War II called "the production achievement." • Development and design of new ro. backie-breakie." Following principles of See the latest * wonders* of radio, * cording and producing methods. television, • Design of receiving, power, cathode sub-miniaturization-pioneered at RCA and electronics at RCA Exhibition Hall, 36 ray. gas and photo tubes. W.ite today to College Relations Dial- Laboratories-every one of its hundreds West 49th St., New York. Admission is tree. aion, RCA VietOJ', Camden, New Jersey. Also many opportunities for Mechanical of parts was redesigned. Models were Radio Corporation of America, RCA Build- and Chemical Engineers and Physicists. built, tested, rebuilt, and finally RCA ing, Radio City, New York 20, N. Y. RADIO ~ORPORA"ON ~ AMERI~A World Leader in X?adio - Hrst- in 7e/evision November, 195\ 29 11 -(~ ENGINEERS IN SERVICE (Continued from Page 14) John A. Cronander, '50, is in the U. S. Army but not yet permanently stationed. Donald Dean, '50, is in the U. S. Air Force, according to reports, but no first-hand information has been re- ceived. Edward Dold, '50, is stationed at Camp Roberts, Cali- fornia, with the 507 Repl. Co. Donald M. Endres, '50, is in the field art. at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. Lt. Mark M. Frimodlg, '50, is stationed in Korea with the infantry. He may be reached by mail at 1219 N. Genesee Drive, Lansing, Michigan. Lt. John R. Gibbs, '50, is located at AFF Board No.2, Ft. Knox, Kentucky, as a project officer. Lt. Gibbs was previously with Fisher Body of Flint. PROBLEM - You are designing a machine which George P. Groner, '50, was employed with D. T. Randall includes a number of electrical accessories anyone Co. of Detroit until he was called into the service. Last of which can be turned on by means of a rotary notification noted him as being in Korea. Lt. Thomas M. Grost, '50, is in pilot training with the switch. For reasons of assembly and wiring this U. S. Air Force. His address is Box 754, Goodfellow switch has to be centrally located inside the machine. AFB, Texas. Your problem is to provide a means of operating the Milton H. Heywood, '50, is with the U. S. Army, H.jS switch from a convenient outside point. How would Co., 656 Lopo, Bn., c/o Post Master, APO 403, New York, you do it? N. Y. Lt. DeVille H. Hubbard, '50, is communications officer, THE SIMPLE ANSWER - Use an S.S.White re- HQ Batry., 887th F. A. Bn., APO 746, c/~ Post Master, mote control type flexible shaft to connect the switch New York, N. Y. to its control knob. This arrangement gives you com- Kenneth M. Johnson, '50, is on an active tour of duty plete freedom in placing both the switch and the with the U. S. Air Force. He has been employed by the Consumers Power Company of Jackson. control knob anywhere you want them. That's the Robert D. Kinny, '50, was recalled to duty with the way one manufacturer does it in the view below of U. S~Army in February. He is now stationed in Beppu, port of the equipment with cover removed. Japan, after having spent April-plus in Korea. Louis Klump, '50, has returned to his "old home," the U. S. Army. A card recently mailed to the Dean's Office was postmarked Manhattan, California. Dean N. McLaughlin, '50, Sec. B-2 U.S.N.S. O.C.S., Newport, R. 1. Preparing for Commission as Ensign U.S.N.R. Finished school Sept. 21, 1951. Expects to be stationed at a Naval Shipyard working as a Mechan- ical Engineer. Bart McGraw III, '50, Air Force Field Engineer. On a card mailed to the Dean's Office on August 17, he stated he was stationed in the isolated areas of Alaska, but expected to return to the States soon. This is just one of hundreds of remote control and power Lt. Jack R. Marsh, '50, Hq. Co., 76th T. K. Bn., Fort drive problems to which S.S.Whlte flexible shafts provIde Campbell, Ky. Expects to go to }{orea sometime in the a simple answer. That's why every engineer should be Fall. familiar with these" Metal Muscles". for mechanical bodies. Lt. Dennis Marko, '50, 044775 U.S.M.C.K., "C" lith "Trad.mark Reg. U. S. 'at. Off. and .lsewh ... Replacement Draft, F.M.F.P.A.C., c/o F.P.O., San Fran- cisco, California. He now is stationed in Korea. WRITE FOR BULLETIN 5008 Jack E. Morningstac, '50. A card mailed to the Dean's Office August 9, 1951, stated he was in the Army but It gives essential facts and englneer~ gave no Army address. ing data about flexible shafts and Donald A. Munyan, '50, Camp McCoy, Wisconsin, their application. A copy is yours A.U.S. He is in the Artillery and expects to be in for free for asking. Write today. 10 months. Lt. Carleton H. Musson, '50, Stucoll Str., TSESS, Camp Gordon, Ga. He is doing Administrative work in the Signal Corps. Pvt. P. L. Palmer, '50, U. S. 55054159,244th Ordnance 1:L:~IA_ Depot Co., Camp Atterbury, Ind. THE~ INDUSTRIAL DIVISIO. William E. Patrick, '50, was recalled into the Navy DIIIIAL MFG. CO. __ D.pt. C, 10Ea.t4Oth St. _ for a period of one year. He is stationed at Quonset NEW YORK 16, N. Y. Pt., Rhode Island. J. I tl (Continued on Page 32) EJ 30 SPARTAN ENGINEER Dragonfly eye for a war plane- blown of optical glass As any naturalist can tell you, the dragon- Before such a bubble could be blown, Throughout industry, Corning means re- fly has one of the best eyes there is for seeing. Coming had first to develop ways offorming search in glass-research that is constantly optical glass shapes directly from the molten turning up new ways to make glass do count- His eye is a button, set well out from his less jobs better than they've ever been done glass. This was accomplished during World head. It lets the dragonfly see in all directions War II, when Corning devised a method of before. without craning his neck. manufacturing lens blanks of perfect optical So after you're out of college and are Now war-plane pilots aloft have just such glass by machinery. planning new products or improved a convenient eye to see with-the glass bub- processes, it will pay you to call on Corning ble shown above. Set in the skin of a plane- Today. shaping optical glass by blowing before you reach the blueprint stage Corning and fitted with an optical system-it gives a greatly extends the usefulness of optical glass Glass Works, Corning, N. Y. clear, horizon-sweeping view. for industry as well as the Armed forces. This new kind of eye for war planes marks Making optical glass more useful is just the first time in the history of glass-making one way that Coming. in a full century of that perfect optical glass has been mass-pro- glass-making, has helped glass become one duced by blowing. And because the blowing is so accurate, the bubble needs a minimum oftoday's most versatile engineering materi- als. Coming has developed more than 50,000 CORNING of grinding and polishing to meet exact opti- formulas for making glass, and they are be- y Means research in glass! cal specifications. ing added to, day by day. 1851-100 YEARS OF MAKING GLASS BETI'ER AND MORE USEFUL-1951 31 November, 1951 2nd Lt. Wallace W. Woods, '50, is stationed at Ft. ENGINEERS IN SERVICE Knox, Ky., with Co. C, 7th M Tk. BN. "CCB", 3rd (Concluded from Page 30) Armored Division. Patrick J. Perry, Lt. U.S.A.F., '50, was recalled to Pfc. Bernard A. Yemc, '50, was drafted in December active duty in May. A card sent to the Dean's Office of 1950. His recent address US 55072000, 9710 TSU. in August was postmarked Springfield, Ohio. Chern. C. Det. No.2 RST., Army Chern. Center, Md. Pvt. Lewis W. Post, '50, was drafted in the U. S. Army on Nov. 10, 1950. A card recently received at the Dean's Office stated he was stationed at the Pentagon. Captain Lehn J. Potter, '50, U. S. Marine Corps, EI- Filling station attendant: "Boss, your doctor's in here toro, California. Recalled for active duty as a pilot to with a flat tire. serve in the Orient. Station ownEr: "Good. Diagnose the trouble as puncture Cpl. Alexander Radzibon, '50, called to active duty wounds resulting in a prolapsed perimeter. Prescribe with the Air Force Reserve, April 1, 1951. He is plastic surgery followed by a complete treatment with stationed at the U. S. Air Force, Chanute A.F.B., Ill. INFLATUS WINDUS.• Then charge him accordingly. 2nd Lt. Donald F. Redman, '50. A card recently That'll get even with him!" received at the Dean's Office gave his address HQ. * * * U.S.A.F. Directorate of Intelligence, Pentagon, Wash- ington, D. C. Moron-That which, in the wintertime, women 2nd Lt. Raymond C. Renner, '50. A card received at wouldn't have so many colds if they put. the Dean's office states he is 2nd Lt. in charge of repair work and utilities at Air Base, Dobbins Air Force. Pvt. Thomas R. Rohner, '50, is Chern. Eng. Research Assistant in the Ordnance Corps, U. S. Army. He is * * * Daddy: "What was all that noise?" stationed at Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, New Jersey. Snooks: "I was playing bridge with little Robes- 2nd Lt. Richard J. Travers, '50, was recalled to active pierre." duty JUly 27, 1951. Now stationed at Ft. Monmouth, Daddy: "Playing bridge?" New Jersey. Snooks: "Yeah. I stretched him between two chairs 2nd Lt. Donald H. Tuscher, '50, called into Sig. Corps and walked across him." July 1, 1951. A card recently received at the Dean's Office stated he was attending a 13 weeks Officer's Refresher Course. He is stationed at Sec. 424, O.D.T.S.S., * * * The little Missus put her arms around her hubby's Fort Monmouth, New Jersey. neck, smiled sweetly and delivered this bit of female 2nd Lt. Howard D. Wilson, '50,. A recent card sent financial logic? to the Dean's Office tells us he is working in Experi- "Honey, will you lend me twenty dollars but only mental Electronics. Stationed at 1st A-Gp. 4055 ASU, give me ten of it? Then I'll owe you ten and you'll owe Ft. Bliss, Texas. me ten, and we'll be even." bber provideS the Q.What rU . for best insulat:on and cables? electrical W1res xperts and A. Independent e alike searchers Okonite re W'ld Up_River ree that onlY 1 ag R bber has all Fine Para u " d d character1st1cS WHAT IS nee e top_qua 1 , l'ty long- for 'nsulation. IISURFACE FINISH II lived rubber 1 ber insU- All Okonite rub .th es are made W1 lated cab: ade rubber. thiS prem1um gr No bearing <= bel~~te ~~~~ , running unless it has a fine finish, partic- • u]ar]y in the races. It is this plus-quality NY PAsSAtC, NE VI .JEflSEY in the finish of !i5'J~W' Bearings that means THE OKO ....'T£ caMPA , . smooth-running bearings - smooth-running machines . .I5l~W Industries, Inc., Phila. 32, Pa. 7180 5KF Ball ond Rollor Boorl" ... 7DfSO 32 SPARTAN ENGINEER YOU COULD EXPRESS THIS PROBLEM AS (-rem peratu re ) 'f. (Corrosion)( (Fabrication) Cost" The day after VJ-Day, engineers from a lead- Aluminum is compatible with most com- ing appliance manufacturer showed us plans monly used refrigerants. Alcoa's Process Development Shops sug- for their postwar refrigerator with a great gested an amazingly simple fabrication new feature-a king-size freeze chest. But the process, "Place the tubing on flat brazing size increase threatened prohibitive costs. sheet and furnace braze the assembly. Then And no combination of metals so far had form the unit into box shape." The first 25 satisfied the requirements: Fast heat trans- units were made in this manner-a process fer; corrosion resistance; ease of fabrication. so practical and economical that it hasn't They asked, "Can we do it economically in changed since. You'll find aluminum freezers, aluminum ?" formed by this method, in a great many re- Now the freezer is simply a sheet metal box with passageways around it to conduct frigerators today. This case is typical of the problems Alcoa the refrigerant. Knowing that aluminum is men undertake and solve. Throughout the an excellent conductor of heat, we suggested Alcoa organization, similar challenging jobs that the evaporator be made by brazing are in progress and others are waiting for aluminum tubing to aluminum sheet. "Sounds the men with the imagineering ability to good," they said and together we started solve them. designs. ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA, 1825 Aluminum Research Laboratories found Gulf Building, Pittsburgh 19, Pennsylvania. the answer to the first important question: ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA 33 November, 1951 How Honeywell Controls help the World's Largest Bomber "thread a needle" from 45,000 feet Speeding 45,000 feet aboye enemy terri- Honeywell controls perform in the all- tory, the B-36 makes a tough target for important fields of aviation, guided mis- anti-aircraft gunners and interceptor siles and atomic energy. pilots. Today, fabulous new control devices in But-at this altitude accurate bombing these and other fields are being developed is difficult. Nearly nine miles up, the by the men in our expanding engineering slightest pitch, roll or yaw during the and research sections. Many of these plane's bomb run can cause the bombar- workers are keen-minded young men only dier to miss by hundreds of vital yards. recently graduated from the universities. To help solve this critical problem, Equipped with the latest scientific Honeywell's Aeronautical Division engi- instruments, they find their work at neered a special adaptation of the Honeywell often calls for fascinating Honeywell Electronic Autopilot. Coupled research in the realm of pure science. with the bombsight, the Autopilot flies There's real opportunity for engineers the plane truer than any human pilot. at Honeywell- for this is the age of No wonder it's said the B-36 can "thread AutomaticControl-everywhere you turn. a needle" 45,000 feet below! And Honeywell has been the recognized That's only one of many vital functions leader in controls for more than 60 years! America lives better-works better with Honeywell Controls For information about opportunities in our engineer- ing and research departments write us, stating your qualifications. Depending on the location you prefer, send your letter to Personnel Dept., Minnel!PoJis- Honeywell, Minneapolis 8, Minn.; Personnel Dept., Hi»neywell l\Iinneapolis-HoneyweIl, Brown Instruments Division, Philadelphia 44, Pa.; or Personnel Dept., Minneap- olis-Honeywell, Micro Switch Division, Freeport, Ill. ~t~~ 34 SPARTAN ENGINEER WORKHORSE OF INDUSTRY ••• all-seeing, all-hearing and reporting Inter-Com- munications System. Its granddaddy was a ponderous bi-polar Per- cheron that weighed hundreds of pounds ... and THE AMERICAN INTER-COM SySTEM •• ,' cost hundreds of dollars more for the same horse- Complete communications is the function, is the power. Yet this little miracle of efficiency runs unique contribution of the American business for years without attention ... has only one press ... a great company of specially edited moving part. Today, motors are being built that magazines devoted to the specialized work areas operate safely in dusty, dirty, even explosive of men who want to manage better, design atmospheres. better, manufacture better, research better, sell Many nimble minds gave their ingenious best better. ' . - to make these improvements possible. Physicists, chemists, metallurgists, electrical and production WHY WE HAPPEN TO KNOW ••• engineers, designers, machinists ... these and a thousand others contributed to the breeding of The McGraw-Hill business publications are a this alert little workhorse of industry. part of this American Inter-Com System. As publishers, we know the consuming insist- ence of editors on analyzing, interpreting, report- AMERICA WORKS LIKE THAT ••• ing ... on making sure that every worth-while idea Pulling together toward a worth-while goal is a reaches interested people quickly and regularly. work method uniquely American. Here, every As publishers, we know that people subscribe art, every science, every human skill has the in- to business publications to keep abreast of what's centive and the opportunity to add its bit of new in ideas, methods and processes as reported invention or insight to the greater whole. by the editors and in products, materials and America can work like that because it has an services provided by the advertisers. .. McGRAW.HILL PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC. 330 WEST 42nd STREET, NEW YORK 18, N. Y. I£AD08AITEIS '.1 IUSINESS INFO •• ATION . 35 November, 1951 Sid'e - Tracke.d Arguing about evolution, one fellow said, "I can't see Then there was the Army wife during the war whose what difference it would make to me whether or not my husband had been in the South Pacific for three years. grandfather was an ape." She started receiving letters from him in which he told Said the other fellow, "It might not make any differ- of the beautiful South Sea Island belles, and of their ence to you, but it would have made a big difference to growing fascination for him. your grandmother!" Worried at this, she went to her physician for advice. "Well," said the doctor, "There is a chemical that can be introduced into a man's food to lessen his natural * * * emotions. Here's a prescription; get some of this and Super Salesman: One who sells a prefabricated garage put it into some cookies or candy, then send them to to a purchaser of a raffle ticket for a new car. him and see what happens." The wife got the chemical and, wishing to be certain, put a triple dose of it into * * * Some of the new cars have scarcely enough clearance some cookies, which she' sent to her husband. She didn't get another letter from him for seven to pass over a pedestrian. months. When a letter finally arrived, she opened it hurriedly with trembling fingers. The letter began: * * * "Yes, I heard a noise and saw a leg under the bed." "Dear Friend ... " "The burglar's leg?" "Safety Note!" * * * It may take longer to stop than you think it will. "No--my husband's. He heard the noise, too." Start stopping in plenty of time. * * * Wife, to husband coming in late: "Is that you John?" * * * John: "It had better be!" She: "What are you thinking about?" He: "The same thing you're thinking about, I imagine." * * * She: "If you do, I'll scream." "What's your cat's name, little boy?" "Ben Hur." "How come you gave him an unusual name like that?" * * * "The boss just hung himself!" "Omigosh! Have you cut him down?" "We first called him Ben-and then he had kittens." "No. He isn't dead yet." DISTEL HEATING COMPANY Established 1922 • Air Conditioning Power Plants Plumbing Refrigeration Industrial Piping 1120 Sheridan • Heating P. O. Box 298 LANSING, MICHIGAN Automatic Sprinklers 36 SPARTAN ENGINEER • Reproduces Drawings In Seconds. Data, drawings, shop orders, £nginee"ng Captures The Flick of Instru- ments. The flash of the specifications-all can be photocopied fast and accu- rately. Kodagraph papers, makes good use cathode-tube beam and the swift swing of the galvanom- eter mirror are not too fast cloth, and film save time, protect originals from wear and tear - even produce legible ot photographY's for photography. It captures and records readings so that they can be analyzed copies from faded and worn and reveal all the informa- material. "ashing speed tion they contain. Records Motion Far Too Fast To See. With the Kodak High Speed of wear, see ways to improve design and make a stronger, Camera a second of motion is spread over three minutes. You better product. (Illustration above shows part of a box earton can analyze rapid movement, detect faulty action, spot points sealing machine in action.) All through his work, the engineer finds photography an important aid. Its speed saves him time everywhere from learning the strength of materials to improving design and reproducing his drawings. Its accuracy and Send its ability to enlarge and reduce permit him to have for this data, plans, and specifications in any size - in any Free quantity. And with microfilming he can record and Book keep important material ready for instant reference It tells how in about 2% of the usual filing space. photography is used to: Speed production' Cut engineering Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester 4, N. Y. time • Assure quality maintenance' Train more workers faster' Bring new horizons to research / COllege graduates in the physical sciences, engineering, and business administration regularly find employment with Kodak. Interested students should consult their placement office or write direct to Business and Technical Personnel Department, Eastman Kodak Company, 343 State Street, Rochester 4, N. Y. G-E engineers developed this portable steering unit which enables Navy ships to be steered from any of several widely separated strategic positions. A gun turret for the 6-36 bomber undergoes test as it comes off the assembly line at a General Electric plant. An advanced model of General Electric's J-47 turbojet engine packs far more power within the same size. Ideas from college graduates at General Electric are helping U. S. mobilization Add to the above the nuclear-powered aircraft engine asked to contribute to so many of these projects. The that General Electric is developing for the Air Force Company has prided itself on building an outstanding ... turbosuperchargers ... guided missiles ... radar ... engineering, technical and business organization, one the plutonium-producing reactors which the Company that can take the toughest problems and master them, operates at Hanford, Washington for the Atomic one that can be a steady source of new ideas. Energy Commission. Young people from American colleges and universi- Into vital national projects like these are going the ties, their skills and talents further developed through efforts of hundreds of scientists, engineers, chemists, G-E training courses and rotational job programs. physicists and other college graduates who are making are forming the core of that organization and are the their careers at General Electric. source of the ideas that are standing the nation in There's a major reason why General Electric is good stead. GEN-ERAL. ELECTRIC