SCblKll lIollle·t;Qrden Circular, No. Ill, DEPARTMENT 01·' TH]~ INTEIUOR. BUUKA.U OF J::DUlJATlON. HOME GARDENING FOR TOWN CHILDREN, 'ruere Iii IWi'll ot sutteore edncauve, lIlU'[I{)8()J1l1, nroducuve occnpuuon for muuoos of ecnoor children In OUI' crucs. towns, muuutucuu-lug vtuuges, rnuj subuebuu di"ll"lrt8 who now huve no jll'OPCI' elllplo)'mcnt. OUl of school !lOW·Ii. In tnc cutes, tU1\'IlS, IIluIIUfiH:lllI"ll1g- villng~, nnd suhurtmu r'ommuulties or tho Uulnlll smt o S niece ;11'e UlllJl'oxhlll'llel,~' 13,000,000 ctutereu between tllfl 11b"C!i of Ii IIU(\ :!O, o.t rncse. nhout 0,'/50.000 ure enrolted ill the puunc nud prtvute scnoots. '1'11(: uveruge (lui I>' ntteuuuucc re ;iTlproxl.mutely 6,500,000, two-t11il'ds of the anrcumcnt und oue-natr Of lhe school popntuuon. Tlu: IIVIH'llllC- length 0.1'school term ill tuc etues Is 180 un),g, The. uvetuge ntteudnuee Is 120 nurs. l'l"lbnulr 5 per eent or tnese cntmren ,H'C l1WUj' rrorn home during' tile suuuner vncnttcn months Wit.11 theil' parents lit sutmucr resorts or vtst ling in I.h'l countr-y, Between 5 und J.O 11t!1'cent m-e ermuoro! III .~')JIIe userur. healthful, pro.tucttve occujuuton. Eighl,y-tlve per cent ramaju Ht 111)1110 wtuiout proper CJIlI)IOj'IlIClIt, fol' nny llln,:c ]XU'C Or ruetr trine. A10st of them t.ave little ollPorlllUltj' fol' \llnr, Some of tJie1l1 work l\ portion or the 1illlc- lit oC\:ujlfltIOlH:! lit whIch tlleJ' ell!'n "el'~' I1ttte llml wilicil m'c 1\Ot ~lllled [01' Cllil\lrell or I1ldr Ilge,_ The !Jungers 0.1' Idlellel1S IIml 1l1iSllilU\Jlu QCculontioll lINl "(,,.~, ;.:rellt rOl- 1111. A Illl'gC lll11jol'ity belo11g 1(1 fnmlUcol tilt: 1Il1l'11ll)el'So( Wlliell 1Il1!);t curll tllei)' 11I'lug l}y thll'lr I1Il.JJy Inl)()l' uTltl whllse CHI'lljllb'S 1l.1·C:W 1llIl'U;''l:I' Wilt .\I1~·tIJlll': \\'IIICh CJlI1 UIl' nll\letl ll~' the tll11th'Bll i" 11l11ch needed_ "'-(allY u( them UI'C ,'old ill Will1:el', HOlt! n1l1;;;\' gu 111111I;I·rtuUC]1 of the tlllllJ. MVl"l:! v( lhem !1\'e ill .~1I11111, cl'Q>n]e..1 rOOm~ :111\11n jloorir illt111;;hetl !lI)mes. i\JrH'C UIIIll tWO-Lhlnl!l vf tllelll leu\'\) st:11OOIilL H j'elll'S ttl' ng'l' Ol' em·lIel·, to hC('{)lllC IW()lH]winnQr". Becunse of. Iud: o~ lwoper ..:OlJ1.uct \\'ltll twlllre ullll the cxpe.rlellc'" which ..1!lIlea f!'OI\1 auHJlhlc. PIll'I)()$efu1. pL-o- uucnn~ ~cul'nU(Hls, most of tJ1l:l111tlO not get [1'1)111 lhelr ,"~lIl·il. In ,;chOOI SII'::ll "dncn(lun IlS tlley 8110\11(\, H01lle ;"'1l1·dclllllg' done Ill' t111,J..:hll(lrcn ulldur Ille diJ'l'(:llvll (I[ Lhe S/.:IiOol$ ,;eems 10 vlTer wll:1t Is needed. JII 1\11Qr the lI)lllUlf'll'I,(Il"ill~ l'lIlngCl:l, S\U'IHll'1lIU1 COm!l1Unilies, lIwl sllIlLllcl' lQ\\'U:<, lllHl in the ou("ldrl,s o( Ihe larJ,:er tOWUJ'l lIml 4:ltlc;;L, t)II'l'l' III 11l1.lt'h nlll1uLJle IUII,1 III lmet, )',u'III<, nH:ll1IL lot:o, ilnd C],;(!WII(!I'C \\'hkll ltughl I~ 1I;l{I(1 rOl' till" jlW·I)():th-,lll,I' :J\III ill"lINli,:II..1I)-, Tllil~ W1IChe.I', 1\'111'1 SI!'Wl11, of COlm;ll, be ~nJl)h)ret"l 12 u1OlIth" III the )-eill', ahQul\1 JC.1CIl we elCllJ()llllll'J' sciences III tile !lchool!; dUl'int; ;;c!lwl !lOlll'''' 'UI,[ ;lhould, OUL or ~('hO(J1 !i'/lln;, dlrut·t tlle Ilolll£! gHl'llellln~ "f 11,i' '~lllldl'uli UI'!\\'(!C11 tile tlgl~ 1)[ 0 01' '7 (111111<1 (II' l;j, I.f IlOI:lsil,l\e tile tem:her ;:;0 Ihllt tll~ work O1llj- 00 uOlle 111 tile \Jiljsl jll"llcUcul 1111(1J11'otitllblc WII~'. The lenchel' nul.! the ;;tlnleucr- ,;!I('I\ld II\'lV the> cl\!\t11'elO lIud lhc !llot.\! (If gl'vul1tl nCHr lhelr homes besl $ultetl fot g1l1'l1~u wfirk:, 111,1 lIlelll ily lWm6 (:oopenIUve method III Il\wlng the IQt8 l,rO!lC'rlr 1'IowelJ "ml pl'epurCIJ rill' ClIlll\"llllon, help tbem select seeds, llUtl ;;.h(,\\' them how 10 111l111t, t'lIltlvlIle, lltld IlIll'I'i:llt, so lll'! to obtllin the \lest r£'Sultfl, 'fill: II:ILCh('l' sl\ulll,1 speruJ lhe Jlftertl6(lllS 11l1!1 SlIllIrt!:l)'1l of \\,Inl£'l', 'is:!'!l-l' !IIIl'IIl~, und Iulf , \1"111'1':«,11,),,1I" III S,~;;.,"IHlI,umt uu Hf IIII' vncnttou ,1,lr;:; ot euuuncr, lr Ihen, Hl'~' ;:;(1111111\:1' vuenrIcns, I'i~lting the cnurtren In their homes, r!iredillg thoh- work lind gh'lug W ('iICh Chll(l $llCII help ,1:< II 1110st JI~"!i. On-u II 1I'e+'1;:01' VfWII()t', duruur the vecnttou months, the I:pncll"rs snonnt II>~_ scmbte tIle l:hiJdn>ll III gr\llJp~ rUI' " .useussron uf men- \\"(11'1,nurl uf rne pl"111- t.:iplb> (11111 methods lIW(,II'e.l. \"I'!;l:'tullle:<, IJ(>I'L'I,':" :ll1d rrutrs j.,']·')WI1 "hnuld he II~etl tlrst ,,:< fooll POI' lhe i'l111l11'l;'11 fwd tlipll' I'fllIlJHes; rneu tlu"" surplus eltould be 11l<\l'I,;terl tt, rue tesr ndvruuuge. ']'hl'"u.e:h 111(0!I"J!, ,j/' IILe tcucner thte (:i\J1 be done !I'I II cocpemuve WHY, 'reo (II' tifte"ll r'cnrs wor-th of vegetables cncf duv trom the em-dens 01' :wI1 "'111(11"('11 wonl(l 1I1l'()IlLII tn $:!O Il)' $BO, In summer find Fnll. \\,11,·/1 t'lll' !lUI" plus I" tnnee and cun unt. be IIlHI'I"'I(."\1 1'0 urlvarungo. rna l:enolll'l' l;h()l'llLl (llr(l('r :'Iltl Ilt'lp f;ht> cltlllh't'li III ('UIIlIII1,!! ntnl nreservtuz (1)1' wtntcr- IWIll{' 11.~e()r fo!" !'lllle, The CIllIllllIg runt l!Ill::ll'I) chlhs (If the SOut!leru Stut(>l;l hilI'\) l)lre:1I1~' "I]Own whut O:lllLhe dllll .. ill lhio\i Wll~', It iii' rliflicUlt to (·!\tlllll1tl' :111 tIll' 1"('i'1l1lJ'lI,f till" 11I:m tlllt(1 it I.~ III full opel',," tirlll lhrllu!!!lI)l1t Ille (")llllll',I', 1"01' fill> dlildl'\"1l it will Illeflll health, /1itl'l;'IIr.:!h, jor In work, tHlblto\i or: !l1jlu"II'r, anti understundlng of thc \'nl\le of mOiler ll~ meusm't.'{! In tN'n1i:l tlf lahol', nml !;uc·1\ Im(lwle: lllll:'l bf' hurl fOI' nn \lllrlcr>ltI111I11nj!of m,,;:1 Of lI'''h' f:l'lluOI 11''>;.~(III~, 'l'!l"r will ttls" If"ll'n s(>Illf'llllIl~ nl 1('11>11' "f Illl" fundnmcntlll IwlJwiple of' IllOl'nl, Il)', Ihn! ('Y\,I',. lnrlLl 11lUI W"1I\111' IIIU"I 11\,}kl;! 111$01' 1ll'1" 011'11 lil'ln/',': 11I\I~t, 1',1' «Ullle kill\! of litlJ(lI' (If IWHII, l"w,l. "I" 11(1111'1, C<}l'l~I'lll\lte 10 tlte (:(\l(lllIVLI '1'Cf1I~ll Ill; much II" Ill' (I]' ,,11(' t:lkl'J'l fro"l 11: rllll"! [ln~' in "OIllP kInd "f ,..,iTl for' wlmt lJe fir ~he getil. TILe CC()UOILli\:filUI >;oClologh::LI 1·(''''I1I(.'l:\1'(' IlJl"() wljl·th)" <1f 1~')1I"I(\cl'llUnn. I'l);- j)(,I'hnel1ls 'LlrC:Hly lIlll,le "hrllY thui wlrh IlI'OllCr dh'(.'Ctlflll ,\]I 1l\\'1'1l;':1:(,:hiltl {)P Ihe :"lge3 cou1"(!lupI1ltcd ('1111 !lI'II(!Il1,.'1' 1m lin lJI:.:l\t11 Qf IIIl 'lere of lOud fl'(\111.'j;'-.(I ill $lf)(l \I'(\l'tll 'If \'egct.nItJe«, A Lllll'lI (of t.he chlll1l'Cll In tll~ cit~' "cho"ls of !lIe Ullitl'l.! Slatt'll might (!U"l1~' jll'oi!u(.'e $300,000,000 il real", Tlll~ plL1n III full OIWI'Ulhlll wO\l111olTe!" JI Yalul1l'ilp imllJlleHlCllt 1u the ('hili], lflll'll' I,\w,;, .\ IJtJ~' 10 OJ' 1:! )''''lr''' 0101, wltJl 'I !!llI:lll 111:11" IIf InlllL \\'ol'I,IIIl! !tUlle)' cHrcfnl ,HI"(>('II"I" ,.."n l,r"lltlN~ 111,,1'0 P,l1' thl'! S]lI'Il(ll'j <)f tb(! f'IllJlIr \ball l'ould IIC 11\1I,,,hUSl,.>d wilh fill' $1',1', 81'011, 01' L1lIll, ClJlhll"('1I ,,11'lllld 111,1Ill' f.(L'''Lllll\ 111 lhc mill>:, 1101' !4\\,('Mp ItIt ... lind SU1"' TO\lnIIL'I1 WltJl nll'Hllt Jot$ ('oveN-'ll 1I'Itll weeds 111'1(\l'ublJl"'h, nUl'ing 1Ill!- Yilcnt10ll lllol1thS til\! ll{'grn dll1(h'j>n rOlLlIl hll~' 011 Lllc Sll'eets, fnlHII!; lilto IIJisChll'f 111,,1 "it'\?, rUller IWOI)ll!' direction tll(,~' mlJ,:llt TlI111,e,on bm'l;: ~'nrds rwd V!ll;lLllt ltot,.:. ,enough to sUPP\lr~ 1l1('miFl\,(~H uml more'. 'I'llI'Ll' I)JLI'(:lItl'l might lhen llUt lllf" fl:LvlnJ(!:! ullnks 1I1,'(Ijl,1 I):lrl. rtf lheil' t'Ul'l1lnb~. Wllh til(! IILOIlE.'J' tliUll !l(,:culll\llale(! th~~' ('(I1I1rl 1)11,1'or [,unt! i-I,ell" OWlJ 1l0111\'!<:!lUI ~11111 SOllltl (\~r('{' tit tltut Illde- rtendeoce necal:lsIIry [Ot: "QOIJ r.1tI7.t':ll~fJlJ\ 1'01'mell IIl\1l Wl)lIlHI nf :111)' I':WfI, Tile c1111(h'cnW(llllil he kl'flt fl'l!Iil ,"Irfl nml woullj gain hI' lilt;; or inllustry, lllellleu· l:llJJ' lh($C l1e:;I'" qUlll'lcl's W'J1I111 he Ch:U1J.,'C(\ from jllilCC» or UIlII11l'!i;; Il) IllfH'I'S of he]lllt~'. ~'rohllblr Iltl' Ill(~';t ",llunl)I'~ rUo\itllt "f 1111splan would he found In tbe fllct (htl! It 1\'1,1\11(1 mnke it f':l8)' t:OI" most "Jlll~lron til ut.U'lld l';ehOOI lhree 01' fl)lIr )',>nrs longer tllon ther now do, l.l thing more lUld mOt'c {1e,::lrn1l1c, since I':,000,000. only one-twelfth of the present total cost of these schools and less than one-eighth of the total value of what might easily he produced by the healthful, joyous, educative labor of children who now spend much more than half of their waking hours in idleness, hurtful to them physically, mentally, and morally. WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1917