CIENCE

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' STACKS
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March/April 1986

Published by the Metropolitan Golf Course Superintendents Association

Vol. XVI, No. 10
------------------- ^

Labor W ages Climbing

Initial Moss Study Results Available
Dr. Norman Hummel
Cornell University

The New York Times recently advised
that a shortage of young workers, caused
by two decades of lower birth rates and a
booming service economy, has pushed
wages well above the Federal minimum at
shops, restaurants and small businesses
throughout the New York Metropolitan
area.
“The minimum wage has become a thing
of the past,” say business managers today.
“We are all vying for the same kids and
young adults. You have to pay to compete.”
Andy Sussman, a 17-year old high
school senior who earns $4.55 an hour as
a stock boy at the A & P in Armonk, said
he could easily find other jobs. “You can
work any where you want. Everybody’s
anxious for help. There are signs every­
where.”
Since 1980, the population in the 16-25
age bracket has fallen by 2 million, a
decline that will continue into the 1990’s
states the Federal Bureau of Labor Statis­
tics. “The younger people just aren’t there
and when you can’t get people, you raise
wages,” said FBLS Regional Commis­
sioner Samuel Ehrenhalt.
The present unemployment rate for the
Greater New York area hovers between 3.5
and 4 percent.
Placing help-wanted ads does not help
either according to area managers, who say
they now get less than four responses to
an ad when they used to average over
eighty.
The worker shortage is especially severe
in affluent areas, where young people
generally have less need to work and can
rely on allowances.
Employers are looking at two approaches
to finding workers: one they are turning to

The moss species present on all the affected greens was identified as Silvery
Thread Moss (Bryum argentium). I was certain that there was more than one
species involved in this because of the different appearance the moss took.
However, silvery thread moss will take on a silvery appearance when dry, and a
lime green or similar shade when soil conditions are moist. This moss species is
classified by taxonomists as a cosmopolitan species, that is, it is well adapted to
a wide range of environmental conditions. It is ubiquitous in that it can be found
virtually any place on this earth. Taxonomists also classify it as a nitrogenous
moss species, meaning that it is favored by “enhanced soil conditions,” including
the application of nitrogen fertilizers or high organic matter content. While silvery
thread moss will survive dry conditions, it is greatly favored by moisture. It is
interesting to note that when this moss first colonizes an exposed area, it produces
a black slimy mat across the area before the green vegetative structures are formed.

(continued on page 7)

(continued on page 4)

This study was formally initiated in early September, 1985 with the signing of
a memoradum of understanding by both Cornell University and the Metropolitan
Golf Association. However, a verbal committment had been made by the MG A
to fund the project earlier in the year, so the project actually began in early summer.
A letter was sent to all MGA member golf course superintendents in May soliciting
cooperators for the project. Of the 225 letters sent, 58 were returned with an
interest in participating in the project. Of the 58 returned, 13 indicated that they
had a moss problem. In July, I made a trip to visit 7 golf courses on Long Island,
5 with moss, two without. Samples were taken from at least two greens on each
course to characterize the soil profiles within the greens, including both physical
and chemical properties. Tissue samples were taken from most of the greens to
determine nutrient availibility. A visual site analysis was made for each green and
included an estimation of the floral composition of each green. The superintendent
was asked detailed questions about his present and past management practices.
Moss samples from all affected golf courses were taken back to Ithaca for species
identification.
A similar trip was made in late August to Connecticut and Westchester County
where 6 golf courses were visited, 4 with moss, 2 without. While in the Rochester
area I stopped at Oak Hill Country Club and collected the same data that was
collected in the downstate visits.
Additional funding for this project was obtained from Turf Specialists Inc. and
the SISIS Equipment company to visit the Sports Turf Research Institute in England
where they have performed considerable research on moss control in turf. Several
golf courses in northern England were also visited.
Results

P.O. BOX 196
Thornwood, NY 10594

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Communications Are The Key To Job Security

President
Peter R. Rappoccio
Silver Spring CC

Over 20 golf course superintendents positions opened and were filled through
this past Fall and Winter within the Greater New York Metropolitan area. About a
third of these moves were precipitated by employing clubs; the balance represent
the “domino affect” as superintendents replaced each other from job to job.

Vice-President
Patrick A. Lucas, Jr.
Innis Arden GC
Secretary
Scott E. Niven
Stanwich C

A careful examination of the situations were a superintendent’s employment has
been terminated by a club (not only this year, but for recent years as well) presents
a relatively consistent pattern, an insight and the opportunity for a valuable lesson
to be learned. Virtually, in every case the primary factor why the job was lost was
due to a breakdown in communications and not because the superintendent was not
capable of executing on the job.

Treasurer
Lawrence J. Pakkala
Woodway CC
Past President
Charles A. Martineau
Whippoorwill C

Clubs and their Green Committees do not expect perfection from a golf course
superintendent. They readily accept the variables of nature and the margin for human
error. When faced with problems that will always arise from time to time, however,
both the club and golf course superintendent fail to communicate adequately, or
frequently enough about situations at hand. As a result, misunderstandings build on
one another, educational opportunities are not taken advantage of and pressure
situations do not get diffused - with the overall result that the golf course
superintendent becomes vulnerable when he need not be.

John D. Carlone
Middle Bay CC
Edward C. Horton
Westchester CC
Richard C. Marcks
Fairview CC
Richard A. McGuinnes
Woodmere C

Clearly, a different scenario can be orchestrated and should be, with every golf
course superintendent taking the initiative at his own club to do so —regardless of
his level of performance. The fundamental concept here is twofold: (1) an accurate
job description should be written for the position of golf course superintendent that
would be reviewed periodically; and (2) the club Green Committee and the golf
course superintendent should meet annually, presumably in the Fall of the year, for
a balanced review of performance based on the stated job description. Positives
would be recognized and acknowledged; questions stated and addressed; and
problems identified for immediate attention and review the following year. Meeting
results should become part of the permanent club record, with a written copy of the
“minutes” of such meetings being given to the golf course superintendent - for his
file and review with trusted counselors.

Robert C. Mullane
Alpine Tree Care, Inc.
John J. O’Keefe
Westchester Hills GC
Timothy T. O’Neill
CC of Darien
Edward W. Walsh
Ridgewood CC

An interesting variation on the above would be for both the club and the golf
course superintendent to evaluate management performance on the golf course
simultaneously via two identical check lists - then compare results. A meaningful
exchange will always evolve from this approach.

Executive Director
James E. McLoughlin
914/769-5295

TEE TO GREEN STAFF
Chairman:
Patrick A. Lucas, Jr. (203-359-0133)
Co-Chairman:
John J. O’Keefe
David M. Dwinell
Dennis M. Flynn
Edward C. Horton
Paul M.

Executive Director’s Report

(914-948-5023)

It might take some courage to seek out annual meetings of this kind, but the
results will justify the effort every time. By inviting a constructive annual evaluation
and balanced exchange - the golf course superintendent creates educational
opportunities that will abound, presents himself as a secure manager and identifies
problems that can only become dangerous when left unattended. (JMcL.) ■

Mary Luciuk
Michael A. Maffei
Allan Tretera
Veshi

“As I grow older, I pay less attention to what men say. I just watch what they do. ”
- A. Carnegi*
Right to reprint must
be requested of the Editor.
2

Favorable Embark Results Reported
Paul Veshi

TTG Committee
The Program of Embark Plant Growth Regulator (PGR)
for the suppression of Poa Annua seedheads on fairways has
been a topic generating much interest for the past few years
- especially last year when some 15 area golf course superin­
tendents used it for the first time. Tee to Green spoke to a
number of superintendents and found that although individual
modifications are needed to insure complete success, the
program is a helpful tool in managing Poa Annua.
Although weaknesses of Poa Annua as a permanent grass
exist year-round, the Embark Program has been designed
essentially for Spring time use. The disadvantages of Poa
Annua and its extensive springtime seedhead production are:
a whitish or pale yellow coloring of the fairways causing an
unsightly playing surface; mowing difficulties; unfavorable
lies; and the aggravation of allergies and sinus conditions.
Most importantly, excessive amounts of energy are expended
in the production of seeds which depletes both photosynthate
and carbohydrate reserves from the vegetative portion of the
Poa plant. When used properly, Embark PGR will negate the
above and turn stated liabilities into assets.
The Golf Course Superintendents interviewed generally
agreed that the factors requiring attention that will help to
ensure success of the program are TIMING, CALIBRATION,
& COMMUNICATIONS.

become. Ideally, you will want to make the application when
the seedhead is still in the boot. Pat Lucas of Innis Arden
applied Embark on April 8th with “excellent results.” John
O’Keefe of Westchester Hills made his application on May
7th. Although seedheads had appeared, John obtained good
control from that point on. John noted, “lowering the height
of cut eliminated the remaining seedstalks.” Other Superinten­
dent’s applications fell between these dates, but some felt
they could have sprayed two to three days earlier to keep all
the seedheads down.
Calibration

The success of this program depends greatly on the proper
preparation of Embark for the application to the fairways.
Particular emphasis must be paid to the rates of application,
the reliability of the equipment used and the experience of
crew working the project.
The application rates used ranged from 8 oz./A by Dave
Heroian at Rockland to 4 oz./A by Dennis Flynn at Brae Burn
- both with good results. “Where I overlapped really set back
the grass,” Dave noted with plans to use a 6 oz./A rate this
year. Scott Niven of Stanwich advises: “The lower rate will
be more forgiving. Use the lowest rate possible that will give
expected results.”
Earl Millett of Fenway recommends that spray equipment
be calibrated as many times as is necessary to provide the
needed reliability. Mark Millett of Old Oaks advises using
only new nozzles. Mark found streaks of seedheads across
his fairways, which he attributes to poor spray patterns caused
by worn nozzles.
The use of spray pattern markings is strongly encouraged
to insure accurate application. “Spray on a dewy morning
dragging chains off the boom, or use a second person with
spray paint to indicate where the last pass finished” - suggests

Timing

It is recommended that application be made before seedhead
emergence, because Embark will not control any seedheads
once they emerge. Also Embark should be applied after
Spring greenup because the PGR does have an initial yellow­
ing effect for up to two weeks on grass. These combination
of factors allows only a short span of time to make the
application when conditions are right.
Every golf course’s microclimate will vary. Careful exami­
nation will indicate how well developed the seedhead has

'

Coming Events

(continued on page 4)

M anagem ent
Insight

April
22
23

HV GCSA Meeting (6 PM - All Welcome)
Met GCSA Golf / Meeting

Orange Cty.GC
Nassau CC

CAGCS Monthly Meeting
Met GCSA Golf / Meeting
GCSA-NJ Monthly Meeting
LPGA Classic

CC Farmington
ApawamisC
Oak Hill GC
Fairmont CC

May
12
13
15
13-18

3

There are managers who make
great contributions provided
they are specialists. Then there
are those who perform best
when given ever broader re­
sponsibilities. An organization
needs both. You have to select
the right horse for the right
course and train each horse for
its own race.
A. Pearce

Initial Moss Study Results Available (continued from page 1)

This may explain why it has been reported that “algae” was a precursor to moss
on some golf course greens.
Mosses are a reflection of the surface conditions in a colonized area. On most
golf course greens, the bentgrass or Poa annua also survives primarily from the
nutrients and moisture in the top inch of soil. Moss infestations ranged from 90%
to 2% on the affected greens. All golf courses visited maintained their greens at
a height of 5/i 2 inches down to Vs inches. At mowing heights within this range,
there was no effect of mowing height on the percentage of moss infestation. A
much wider range of mowing heights would be necessary to make any valid
statistical conclusions from this data, however. The average yearly nitrogen
fertilizer rate was 2.3 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet. Again, a wider
range of fertility levels and mowing heights would be necessary to infer what
effects these two factors have on the grasses ability to compete with moss.
Potassium, phosphorus, or the application of other fertilizers did not appear to
have an effect on moss populations. ■
Favorable Embark Results Reported (coni’d from pg. 3)

Dennis Flynn. Spray pattern indicators can also be helpful. “Overlapping will
really affect the grass and missed areas will stick out like a sore thumb,” advises
Scott Niven. Everyone agrees that mistakes can greatly diminish the beneficial
impact of Embark use.
Further observations on Embark by those who used it last year: expect an initial
yellowing of grass for 10-14 days - followed thereafter with a darkening of the
grass; avoid spraying Embark in the roughs as it serves as a food source for
helminthosporium leaf spot. Dennis Flynn found that spraying for leaf spot before
and after Embark application was effective.
Ken Flisek used Embark at 4.5 oz./A on his greens at Apawamis and got good
control, but with some yellowing. Everyone agreed that some attractive by-products
of Embark use are the savings in labor, equipment use/repair and fuels costs Embark slows the growth rate of grass.

LESCO . . .
for all your
turfgrass needs.
As a major manufacturer,
form ulator and d is trib u to r for the
green industry, LESCO sells a
com plete line of fertilizers, control
products, grass seed, equipm ent,
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Whatever you need for turf
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Communications

An Embark suppression program should not be initiated without notifying a
club’s membership fully about the application schedule, visual effects, benefits
and inherent risks. Publicizing the program throughout the club will prove to be
a feather in the superintendent’s cap, because Embark produces immediately visible
and overall favorable results. Earl Millett advises that his Green Committee
Chairman was so impressed with Embark that he wants applications made annually
at Ridgeway.
Whether it is called “Poa Annua” or annual bluegrass or, jokingly, “Westchester
Bent” - everyone is very much aware of the frailties of this difficult to manage
turfgrass. Every golf course superintendent has developed his own management
program for Poa. Some treat it as a weed that must be eradicated; some as an
undependable grass that must be tolerated; others accept it as a permanent turfgrass
that requires excessive attention to insure success. Regardless of which philosophy
is adopted, the Embark Poa seedhead suppression program can benefit every golf
course.
Tee To Green would like to thank all the superintendents who worked with me
on this article. Each is willing to answer any questions you might have when
considering an Embark program. ■

CECIO BROS., INC.
General Excavating Contractors

Excavating, Drainage,
Paving, Sewers,
Equipment Rental,
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Rock Excavation
Road Construction

Licensed Demolition Contractor
OVER 50 YEARS OF SERVICE

An Interview Question You Might Anticipate Someday!
Question: “Tell me about the people you have hired. How long do they stay with
you. How do they work out?”
This is an excellent question to ask someone applying for a managerial position.
The answers will indicate the candidate’s abililty to assemble —and hold on to —a
staff. The answers could also pinpoint a personality problem. Beware, for instance,
of the candidate who has had difficulty keeping subordinates in a certain slot.
4

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500 Old Post Road #3
Greenwich, CT 06830
(203) 869-2340

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Irrigation Work

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Contact William Gaydosh
Work: 201-666-1204
Home: 914-735-1312

A

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Egypt Farms top dressing is form ulated
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Many years of research and testing by these
leading universities have produced a soil
mixture for superior growth; to maintain the
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Green and tee construction materials & mixes con­
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Distributed by: M etro-M ilorganite, Inc.
(914) 7 6 9 -7 6 0 0

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A Tree Grows at
Winged Foot

Successful
Management Traits

Robert U. Alonzi
Winged Foot GC

Successful managers possess common
characteristics say authors D.K. Clifford
and R.E. Cavanagh in their recent book,
“The Winning Performance.” These traits
include:
• An extraordinary commitment to
business; they average 64-hour work­
weeks.
• An excitement about details; they find
all aspects of operations fascinating sales, scheduling, finance, client relations,
communications, computers, etc.
• The ability to formulate philosophy
and policy; they outline the rights and
responsibilities of employees and define
what value can be delivered to clients,
customers and employers.
• A commitment to front-line involve­
ment. They believe that spending time “in
the trenches” is the most effective way to
monitor key functions, rather than relying
on reports or written memos.
• The capacity to be effective delegators.
Effective managers leave a good portion
of supervising and decision making to
trusted and proven subordinates. ■

During hurricane Gloria last October,
we lost a number of very large trees - one
of which had a significant impact on the
playability of the par 5, 16th hole, West.
The tree lost was a very large sugar maple
which was not in the best of health, but
had been nursed along for some years. It
guarded the right side of the green creating a tight alley shot on the way in.
Without this tree, a good golfer could draw
the ball right-to-left - making the hole
easier by a shot. In view of this, the Club
decided to replace the tree with one that
would come into play immediately.
We researched the possibility of buying
a tree off site and having it transported and
planted. However, by coincidence, we
found two trees on Club property that
qualified and were well out of play. We
selected a beautiful 35-foot sugar maple
from this pair and contracted two nurseries
and asked each to submit a bid to move
the tree. Peterson Landscaping was the
nursery selected for the job.
In preparation, we mulched the area
around the tree as well as at the intended
location and then waited for the ground to
freeze so that the move could be made with
minimal damage to the surrounding areas.
Shortly after Christmas, the Peterson
Company decided that the ground was firm
enough for his crew to start the digging
and balling of the selected tree. This
process, incidentally, was fascinating to
watch: the way three men used winches
and cables to tie up branches, dig a 10-foot
ball, burlap it, lift to a flatbed trailer, move
to the new location, reverse the process
and plant the tree - all within three to four
days.
It should be pointed out that although
we used the same variety of tree for replace­
ment, it was necessary that the drainage in
the target area be improved in order to give
the tree a better chance of surviving at its
new site. This was done by digging the
hole much deeper than necessary, by
putting in a layer of 3A" gravel (covered
with hay to prevent contamination) and
then installing a slit gravel drain from the
tree outward.
Once the tree was placed into the ground
and the branches were released - it virtually
(continued on page 7)

5

USGA Settles Suit
The United States Golf Association has
reached an out of court settlement of an
anti-trust suit originally filed by Polara
Enterprises, Inc. in 1978. The settlement
amount is $1,375,000.
The suit involved a golf ball developed
by Polara claiming aerodynamic character­
istics that caused the ball to self correct in
flight so as to limit hooking and slicing.
Accordingly, the USGA refused to approve
the ball for use in USGA competitions and
established a new standard to deal with this
aerodynamic problem. Since this standard
has been established, 25 brands of balls
have been removed from the list of ap­
proved balls.
Reasons for USGA’s settling were
basically twofold: first - the judgment will
permit the USGA to continue to make and
revise specifications for equipment within
the Rules of Golf; and second - USGA’s
total legal costs to date within the suit had
risen to $1.7 million.
This case and settlement leaves some
doubt regarding USGA’s future ability to
preserve the best interests and true spirit
of the game of golf - as well as the integrity
of the game’s many golf courses. ■

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8

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TURF SUPPLY, INC.

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turf products
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(914) 248-5790 (Home)

Parts 914-232-5573

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RR #3 - Box 199, Hackgreen Rd.
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chemical ca, Inc.
118 Fulton Ave., Gerden City Park, NY
(516) 741-4301

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Outside N.Y. State 8Û04453007
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KEN K U BIK

( 201 ) 361-5943

STOFS INSECT
ATTACK
H i Repell (GT-II) was developed to
provide improved resistance to the
following turfgrass insect pests:
• C utworm s
• Argentine Stem
• Sod Webworms
Weevil Larvae
• A rm y w orm s
• Chinch Bugs
• Billbug Larvae
■ Repell is a leafy, turf-type perennial
ryegrass capable of producing a
persistent, dense, attractive, lowgrowing turf of a bright, dark green
color.
I Repell will provide excellent turf
perform ance in both full sun and
m oderate shade on golf courses,
lawns, parks, school grounds and
sports fields in areas where turf-type
ryegrasses are well adapted.
■ Repell was developed and released
by Lofts Inc. using germ plasm o b ­
tained from the Hew Jersey Agricul­
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HOW DO ES
REPELL RESIST INSECT ATTACK?1

1 The seed contains an endophytic
fungus.
An endophyte is a fungus that lives
within a plant, but is not necessarily
parasitic on another plant. The
presence of an endophytic fungus
produces no known adverse effects to
the host plant but provides many
advantages which enhance turf grass
perform ance.
Upon seed germ ination the
endophyte grows into the seedling and
continues to live in the tissues of the
m ature grass plant.

In nature endophyte infected
plants survive insect attacks.
Resistance has been found with
insects which typically feed on the
lower stem and crown of plants as
these areas normally have the highest
concentration of endophytes.

Seed of Repell perennial ryegrass
is specially tagged to ensure the
presence of the endophyte. Cold
storage (40°F) will prolong endophyte
viability. To insure a high viable
endophyte level, seed should be used
within nine m onths of the test date.

H Plants containing endophytes may
show improved disease resistance,
drought tolerance, persistence and
seedling vigor.
" 1 Certified seed of Repell Perennial
Ryegrass is produced to insure that
over 80% of seed will contain viable
endophyte at the date of testing.
I Endophyte viability can be lost by
normal seed storage practices within
two years. (Use only freshly harvested
seed for insect resistant turf).
ENDOPHYTE LEVELS IN SELECTED
SEED LOTS OE SOME COMMERCIALLY
AVAILABLE RYEGRASS VARIETIES:

High

High

Moderately
High
Moderate Low

Repell Pennant* Prelude
Regal*
Cowboy
AII*Star
Premier

Palmer
Derby
Dasher
Pennfine
Delray
Linn

Qator
Manhattan
Elka
Citation
Ranger
Omega
Diplomat
Yorktown II
BT-1

*Som e lo ts o f seed m a y c o n ta in lo w e r levels o f
viab le e n d o p h y te due to sto ra g e o f breeder,
fo u n d a tio n , o r c e rtifie d seed.
U. S. Patent Ho. 5 5 8 ,5 3 8 Pending, Repell Perennial
R y e g ra s s -A p la n t v a rie ty h a vin g e n d o p h y tic fu n g u s e nh a n ced p erfo rm a n ce .

A

PERENNIAL RYEGRASS

MEAN QUALITY RATINGS OF
COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE
RYEGRASS CULTIVARS IN
THE NATIONAL PERENNIAL
RYEGRASS TEST AT
BELTSVILLE, MARYLAND.1

PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE
PERENNIAL RYEGRASS CULTIVARS IN TURF TRIALS
SEEDED SEPTEMBER 1 9 8 2 AT NORTH BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY.

1 9 8 3 DATA

QUALITY RATING 1-9; 9 = BEST.
N am e

Yearly M ean,
A p ril-N o v em b er.

R e p e l 1 (GT-II)

7 .1

Blazer
Fiesta
Palmer
Regal
BT-1
Gator
Ranger
Elka
Premier
Pennant
Prelude
Delray
Derby
Om ega II
Om ega
Pennfme
Yorktown II
Dasher
Diplomat
Cowboy (2EE)
Manhattan II
Birdie
Citation
Birdie II (2ED)
Acclaim
Manhattan
Barry
Linn

7.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
5.9
5.9
5.8
4.0

'Plots were seed ed at the rate o f 5 lb.
per 1000 sq. ft. in Septem ber o f
1982. Maintenance consists o f
m ow ing at l 1/2 inches with clippings
not removed, 3 lb. o f nitrogen per
1000 sq. ft. per year, irrigation only
to prevent dormancy.

C u ltivar

TUrf Q u a lity *
B row n B lig h t
F u sa r iu m P a tch
B row n P a tch
9 = B est
9 = L e a st D is e a s e
# P a tc h e s
9 = L e a st D is e a s e
1 9 8 3 A verage D e cem b er 1 9 8 2
March 1 9 8 3
J u ly 1 9 8 3

Prelude
Palmer
Premier
Repel 1 (GT-II)
BT-1
Manhattan II
Gator
AII*Star
Pennant
Ranger
Blazer
Regal
Birdie II
Cowboy
Derby
Yorktown II
Acclaim
Fiesta
Dasher
Citation
Diplomat
Barry
Ovation
Om ega
Pennfme
Birdie
Manhattan
Delray
Elka
Hunter
Game
Linn

8.0
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.6
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.5
6.5
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.2
5.9
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.7
5.7
5.3
5.0
4.9
4.5
4.0
2.1
1.3

8.3
7.5
7.0
6.7
7.3
7.8
7.8
7.7
5.7
6.7
7.3
7.3
8.0
7.3
7.3
7.8
4.3
5.8
6.0
2.2
7.3
6.7
3.8
7.2
2.5
4.8
6.3
1.8
6.2
4.3
3.5
3.5

0.0
1.0
1.0
4.0
0.3
8.0
3.3
5.3
2.0
17.0
3.0
0.3
1.0
2.7
5.0
1.3
15.3
5.0
4.7
5.7
0.7
10.0
16.7
2.3
15.3
4.7
4.3
11.7
15.7
4.0
11.3
9.3

8.2
7.2
7.9
6.9
6.9
6.9
5.9
7.0
7.3
7.6
6.0
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.3
6.2
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.2
5.6
4.2
5.4
5.5
6.6
5.6
4.0
5.1
3.8
3.4
2.4
1.4

*Turf Quality is the average o f ratings m ade from March through December.

eg
LOFTS

LOFTS IN C .
Bound Brook, New Jersey 08805

LOFTS WESTERN
SEED CO., INC.
Albany, Oregon 97321
(800) 547-4063

(201) 356-8700 • (800) 526-3890

LOFTS/NEW ENGLAND
Arlington, Massachusetts 02174
(617) 648-7550

LOFTS/M ARYL AND
Beltsville, Maryland 20705
(301) 937-9292

Lifetime Em ploym ent

If You Are Shy

Few people are strangers to shyness.
Can companies in the United States
Some of the country’s most successful
successfully adopt a Japanese-style em­
executives can recount more than a few
ployment concept? If one recognizes that
shy moments. Dynamic Lee Iacocca
Wittime employment is not Wftlong em­
admits
in his book that he had been an
ployment, the answer is yes.
“introverted shrinking violet.”
A noteworthy distinction between
If you are shy: ( 1) Know yourself- find
lifetime employment in Japan and in the
ways to revitalize yourself after draining
United States is the underlying rationale
for its existence. In Japan, organizational periods; energy is a friend. (2) Find new
ways to socialize - try being a host, if being
policies and philosophies are tailored to
promote corporate loyalty. Japanese mana­ a guest is difficult. (3) Stick to your style
- don’t flee from a scene because it is
gers boast that job security is a top level
traditionally social; compensate for a
priority.
bashful nature with new approaches, but
In contrast, U.S. companies do not offer
always be yourself. (4) Specialize - don’t
“lifetime” employment, rather these pro­
tackle too many things at once; it is easier
grams evolve from concerns of influential
to be conversant on a few topics than to
groups, union pressures and specific
spread yourself too thin. (5 ) Seek a leader­
economic conditions.
ship role elsewhere - look for the opportu­
For lifetime employment to succeed
nity to display leadership ability in other
here, American firms must adopt the
“safe” environments. (6) Practice makes
unique bonding system that exists between
perfect -d o not look for miracles; shy types
Japanese workers and management. In
can’t get by without diligent research and
addition, long-term goals must be stressed
practice.
over short-term objectives. The greatest
Practice increases the ease with which
potential obstacle to lifetime employment
in this country, howevever, is America’s you perform, while shying away only
reinforces anxiety. (WS) ■
volatile economic climate. Historically,
layoffs are the first moves companies make
during economic showdowns.
Labor Wages Climbing (cont’d fro m p g l)
Organizations wishing to adopt a lifetime
the handicapped for help with good results
employment philosophy should become
and virtual guaranteed attendance; and two
familiar with the following Japanese
- they are dropping work standards to
experiences:
attract formerly marginal workers. Every­
• Promotions will be slower for employ­ one agrees that these are good times for
ees.
disabled workers. ■
• Employers must encourage more job
diversity so that employees do not become
bored with their present jobs as they wait Winged Foot Tree (corn'd from pg. 5)
had the same impact on the hole as its
to be promoted.
• Training should be seen as an invest­ successor.
Obviously, the tree lacks maturity.
ment in human capital.
However, with proper care we feel it too
• Management must closely scrutinize
will become a pivotal factor that adds to
prospective applicants and carefully
the
character and difficulty of this well
examine lifetime employment candidates.
known hole. The total cost of transplanting
• Salaries must equal market rates, or
this tree was just under $5,000. Slides are
the employee must believe the lifetime
available upon request. ■
employment commitment is sufficiently
valuable to offset any salary discrepancy.
• All personnel must recognize that a
attractive. Clearly, the unique Japanese
company’s long-term financial health
bonding system is missing and with it dictates job security.
job security as well. Clubs should not be
From a Golf Course Superintendent’s
criticized. Rather, more definitive career
point of view, often he is looking for
“lifetime” or extended employment - while counseling programs are needed at the
his club is not making a similar planning superintendent’s end and clubs should be
commitment, or doing the things that make encouraged to look more closely at longer
range planning programs. ■
continued employment more tolerable and

J I & E SUPPLY, Inc.
1

66 Erna A v e -B o x 9
Milford CT 06460
(2 0 3 ) 8 7 8 -0 6 5 8

(B u c k n e r
S y ste m s

and

Su p p lies

Pumping

Irrig a tio n

System s

A cce sso rie s

S ale s & S e rv ic e

.

7

J & B TRUCKING
7 Cottage Street
Port Chester, N Y 10573

•
•
•
•

TRAP SAND
PARTAC TOPDRESSING
SCREENED TOP SOIL
SCREENED CLAY
FOR TENNIS COURTS
& BASEBALL DIAMONDS
• SAND FOR BUILDING
& CONSTRUCTION
• TRAP ROCK
• GRAVEL

(914) 937-5479
(914) 937-2136

Irriga

®

Patrons of ‘Tee to Qièen
Patrons listed on this page are supporting our Association. You are encouraged to support them.
*Denotes Met GCSA member

Alpine Tree Care, Inc.*

I & E Supply, Inc.*

Pro-Lawn Products, Inc.*

Main office: White Plains 914-948-0101
Branch offices: Chappaqua 914-238-4400
Darien 203-655-8008
Professional Tree Care & Consulting

Steve Smith
66 Ema Avenue, Milford, CT 06460
Buckner Irrigation Systems
203-878-0658

Stephen M. Kotowicz
30 Nashville Road
Bethel, CT 06801
203-792-3032

Aquatrols Corporation of America

Irrigation Systems Inc.

The Reichert Company*

Andy Moore
1432 Union Avenue
Pennsauken, NJ 08110
800-257-7797/in NJ 609/665-1130

P.O. Box 66, Windsor, CT
203-727-9227
Installation, Service & Winterization
For Golf Course Irrigation Systems

Automotive Lubricant Distributor
P.O. Box 273
Riverside, CT 06878
203-637-2958

James Carriere & Sons, Inc.*

James W. Taylor Tree Surgery, Inc.

Rhone*Poulenc Inc.

Bill Carriere
7 Cottage Street
Port Chester, NY 10573
914-937-2136 or 914-937-5479

TREE TRANSPLANTING
240-B Plains Road
Walden, NY 12586
914-561-3490 - Vickie Poltrack

Samuel L. Horst
RD2 Box 294
Stockton, NY 08559
201-996-4306

Cecio Bros., Inc.

LESCO, Inc.*

Stephen Kay, Golf Course Architect*

General Excavating Contractor
P.O. Box 4100 500 Old Post Road #3
Greenwich, CT 06830
203-869-2340

20005 Lake Road, Rocky River, OH 44116
800-321-5325 NATIONWIDE
Serving the Met GCSA
With Our “Store-On-Wheels”

P.O. Box 81, Purchase, NY 10577
914-963-9555
Long Range Planning, Remodeling, &
New Design

Egypt Farms, Inc.

Loft’s, Inc.

Steven Willand

Golf Green Topdressing
John Strickland
White Marsh, MD 21162
301-335-3700

John Morrissey
Box 146
Bound Brook, NJ 08805
201-356-8700

Bill Rapp
321 Fairfield Road
Fairfield, NJ 07006
201-227-5656

Elanco Products Co.

The Magovern Company*

Terre Company*

Bob Scott
560 Ashwood Road
Springfield, NJ 07081
201-376-7290

Joseph Schnieder
P.O. Box 270
Stamford, CT 06907
1-800-243-9094

Byron Johnson, Jr.
206 Delawanna Avenue
Clifton, NJ 07014
201-473-3393

Emerald Isle, Ltd.

Metro Milorganite, Inc.*

Turf Products Corporation*

Bob Middleton
2153 Newport Road
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
313-662-2727

John G. Wistrand & Anthony L. Grasso
P.O. Box 267
Hawthorne, NY 10532
914-347-4222

A1 Tretara - Joe Kennedy
1496 John Fitch Boulevard
South Windsor, CT 06074
203-528-9508

Glenmore Landscape Service*

MONTCO/SURF-SIDE/ZAP!

Westchester Ford Tractor*

Glenn S. Moore
RR3 Box 199 Hackgreen Rd.
Pound Ridge, NY 10576
914-764-4348

Surfactants - Defoamers
Box 404, Ambler, PA 19002
Robert Oechsle
Bus: 215-836-4992/Home: 215-628-3144

Goldens Bridge, NY 10526
914-232-7746
John Apple
Hubert Greene & Jeff Underhill

Grass Roots Turf Products, Inc.*

O. M. Scott & Sons*

Westchester Turf Supply, Inc.*

P.O. Box 336, Mt. Freedom, NJ 07970
Ken Kubik 201-361-5943
Bert Jones 201-686-8709
Turfgrass Supplies

A1 Arison
226 Barry Scott Drive
Fairfield, CT 06430
203-336-9890

P.O. Box 198, Lincolndale, NY 10540
Serving the Fine Turf Profession
Bob Lippman
Bus: 914-277-3755/Home: 914-248-5790

Hawthorne Brothers Tree Service, Inc.*

Partac Golf Course Topdressing

York Chemical Co., Inc.

5 Center Street
Bedford Hills, NY 10507
914-666-7035 and 203-531-1831
Professional Tree Care and Transplanting

Kelsey Park
Great Meadows, NJ 07838
James Carriere & Sons/J. & B. Trucking
914-937-2136/Bill & Joe Carriere

Rick Allen
11 Jackson Avenue, Bayville, NY 11709
516-741-4301
Toll Free: 800-645-6007/800-248-4959