Jan./Feb. 1987

Published by the Metropolitan Golf Course Superintendents Association

Vol. XVII, po. 1

Winter Injury Can Cause Summer Problems
mao

by Kenneth A. Flisel
Golf Course Superintend
The Apawamis Club
In the past few weeks my thoughts have
started to change from how am I going to
spend my vacation to what type of
condition will the golf course be in after
the winter. I had begun to wonder if I had
done everything to ensure the healthiest
turf possible. Had I maintained the turf
going into the winter at a height that would
strike a balance between being high enough
to insulate against dessication and low
temperature kill while low enough to guard
against moisture retention which may
promote disease? Are the fertility levels
what I thought necessary to ensure winter
root growth and spring recovery while not
being excessive enough to promote
disease? Did the late fall topdressing
provide adequate insulation or should I
have covered some of my problem greens?
I feel comfortable with all of the
management decisions that I had made.
However, one decision that I did not make
has me worried. Perhaps the most
important factor affecting the condition of
the greens in the spring is the decision to
play alternate greens or not. Unfortunately,
at Apawamis, like a few other clubs, the
regular greens are played year-round. (See
survey on page 4.) The decision to keep
the greens open was made by the Golf
Committee several years ago and is not
even open for discussion.
Everyone realizes that certain problems
in the spring can be attributed to winter
play on regulation greens, but I wonder

0 R 1987

STATE- UNWtic***

lIRftAfttCS

what percentage of the membership is
aware of the increased maintenance costs
and season-long problems that result from
year-round play on greens. Had I educated
as many members as possible to the best
of my abilities, or did I not stand up for
my convictions on this issue? Can the
resultant damage be worth the allies lost in
a battle as heated as this? The answer to
this question is difficult as every course is
unique because of the physical properties
of the soil, the moisture retention
properties of the soil, the environmental
conditions of that course, the amount of

trees around the greens, and most
important, the amount of play during the
winter months.
The argument I most often hear is that
“a few spring topdressings will make the
greens putt as true as ever.” If that were
the case, I would not be concerned. The
fact is, however, winter play on greens has
a much longer and much greater impact
during the entire season. Let me mention
some of the problems that may not be
communicated properly to the golfing
public.
( c o n tin u e d o n p a g e 4 )

Safety
P.O. BOX 196
Thornwood
NY 10594

President’s Message

BOARD OF DIRECTORS
President
Patrick Lucas

Innis Arden GC

Here in the Northeast, the winter months provide time to “bone-up” on the latest
technological and research discoveries impacting our industry. We are fortunate to
have so many educational opportunties available to us and our staff in the form of
seminars, service schools, turf management short courses, field days, and various
regional and international conferences and shows. The TEE TO GREEN Committee,
chaired by Ken Flisek and John O’Keefe, is working to continue to make our
publication an extension of this information.

Vice-President
Scott Niven

Stanwich C
Secretary
Timothy O’Neill

CC of Darien
Treasurer
Lawrence Pakkala

Woodway CC
Past President
Peter Rappoccio

Silver Spring CC

One issue being mentioned more and more is safety in the workplace. At a recent
meeting of the TEE TO GREEN Editorial Committee, safety in the workplace surfaced
as one of the many topics for consideration to write about this year. Attending that
meeting gave me a renewed determination to focus more emphasis on the safety
aspect of our operation here at Innis Arden. At this writing the “how to” part of
accomplishing this has not yet come to me, but it will.

Joseph Alonzi

Fenway GC

Here then, for the “what-it’s-worth department” are some areas I will be concentrating
on this season:

John Carlone

Middle Bay CC

Personnel Training - Providing adequate training for the various jobs our workers
are asked to perform. Films, manuals and cassettes are becoming available to aid in
this endeavor. Each equipment operator will be required to read the operator’s manual
as a bare minimum requirement.

Kenneth Flisek

Apawamis C
Tracey Holliday

CC o f Fairfield

Pesticide Requirements - Existing laws govemoring licensing, storage, application,
right to know, disposal, etc.; all must be complied with. There is no shortage of
information available on compliance requirements.

Edward Horton

Westchester CC
John Musto

Back ’O Beyond, Inc.
John O ’Keefe

Preakness Hills CC
John Wistrand

Metro Milorganite, Inc.
Executive Director
James E. McLoughlin
914/769-5295

TEE TO GREEN STAFF
Co-Editors:
Ken Flisek
John O ’Keefe

914-967-2100
201-694-0260

Editorial Committee:
Mary Medonis
Tony Baviello
Mark Sinto
John Carlone
Al Tretera
Ted Horton
Mike Mongon - Photographer

Fire Protection - Maintenance facilities and equipment should comply with existing
fire safety laws. The club’s insurance underwriter could be helpful in arranging an
inspection of the workplace for the purpose of improving safety.
First Aid - How do we handle emergencies? What about first aid supplies, eye wash
stations, showers, contacting para-medics, poison control center telephone numbers,
lightning policy for course personnel, etc., etc.
This message raises questions, while not answering any. Because they need to be
answered, they will be. As professionals, we are responsible for a valuable piece of
real estate; but more importantly, for discharging our responsibilities. We are also
responsible for providing a safe workplace for those individuals who work with us.
Safety in the workplace is receiving more attention. If you have a situation at your
course where safety was improved, or a hazardous problem solved, please share it
with us. TEE TO GREEN is an excellent vehicle for sharing ideas and solutions to
problems with fellow superintendents. Please contact Ken Flisek, John O’Keefe, or
anyone else on our Editorial Committee. Thank you.
- Patrick Lucas, CGCS
President

Right to reprint must be requested of the Editors

2

Take Care of Your Trees
by Tony Baviello
Golf Course Superintendent
Pelham Country Club

be done. Too often, visible signs of stress are ignored. Gurtling
roots, for example, eventually strangle a tree but are usually
overlooked. The absence of a root flair would mean that either
the tree was planted too deep or regrading may have occured
without having taken into account that it may severely inhibit
the growth of the tree, possibly even resulting in the death of
the tree. The overall growth habit of the tree should also be
inspected. If you notice smaller growth trends from one year
to the next, this indicates that there is something interfering
with the normal yearly growth. A good inspection is needed
to properly diagnose the program.
The final area a golf course manager should be finely attuned
to, is the need for replacement and addition of trees. They
should be placed where trees have fallen, where the life
expectancy of a weak tree is limited, or to clearly define a
hole. Additionally, certain trees can be instrumental in solving
drainage or very moist area problems. Trees such as
sourwoods, weeping willows and swamp maples tolerate
extremely wet conditions and adding the right amount could
alleviate the problem. Since the method of water absorption is
so great, why not put it to your advantage?
I hope that golf courses and golf course managers
everywhere take the time to assess the trees already on their
courses, realize the potential of additions and start recognizing
trees for the valuable asset that they are. ■

Trees are one of the greatest assets on a golf course. Their
usefulness lies in diversity. Not only can a tree be used for
beauty and landscaping purposes, but also for directing a player
where to hit the ball.
One of the most important things to look at is the value of
the tree. Some trees are between 50 and 200 years old. These
trees are priceless. The only way a tree of this size can be
replaced is with time, so it is imperative to start taking a good
look at them. In order to preserve their beauty and value, I
would recommend implementing a pruning, inspection and
planting program.
Pruning is more than simply making a plant beautiful. Trees
can change the condition of your course. Dry areas on greens
and tees may be caused by stands of trees taking needed water
and nutrients from areas. Most of the water absorbed by trees
are transpired. Therefore a combination of pruning both
branches and roots will help considerably in changing these
dry areas. Pruning can actually strenghthen the tree which will
help prevent breakage and allow air movement. Therefore, you
can change the climate of the tree, making it less susceptible
to attacking organisms that need a denser foliage. A good
pruning should be done when needed or as often as your tree
program permits.
A good inspection of at least the key trees should be done.
Have a trained person look for insects, fungus and mechanical
or natural breakage. An inspection of the root flair should also

Coming Events
FEBRUARY
18
NJGCSA Winter Seminar

Cook College
Student Center
Robin Hood Inn
Clifton, NJ

19

Terre Company Seminar

24&25

GCSAA Regional Seminar
Golf Course Construction &
Project Management

Sheraton Airport Inn
Albany, NY

Rutgers Turfgrass Seminar

Cook College
New Brunswick, NJ

25,26

MARCH
3-5

Massachusetts Turf Conference

11

19th Annual Professional

Springfield Civic Center
Springfield, Mass.
Nassau Mem. Coliseum

11

Turf Plant Conference

Uniondale, NY

25 (Wed.)

Met GCSA Business Meeting

Elmwood CC

26(Thurs.) USGA Seminar

Sleepy Hollow CC

3

GCSAA Election
Results
President
Donald Hearn
Vice President
John Segui
Directors
Dennis Lyon
Steve Cadenelli
Randy Nichols

W inter Injury (c o n tin u e d f r o m

p a g e 1)

the soil by compaction is permanent. The
conditions most condusive to this type of
injury can change daily, even hourly on a
warm spring day, and even vary across the
course. It becomes imperative to close the
greens during these critical times.
Most of the injuries mentioned are
highly visible, but there are equally as
many problems which may not become
evident to the casual golfer until much
later, if at all. With any winter injury,
whether it be dessication, disease, ball
marks, foot-printing or soil compaction,

During the late fall, as the frost begins
to enter the ground, grass blades become
frozen and brittle. Traffic under these
conditions can break or crack the leaf
tissue, rupturing the cell walls. This
discolors the turf, but more importantly it
slows down recovery in the spring.
As winter sets in, the grass plant
becomes dormant. The turf then becomes
more susceptible to wear because there is
no regenerative growth to replace worn-off
leaf tissue. This lost tissue can no longer
serve to insulate the critical growing
points, thereby making the plants more
Winter Play Survey
susceptible to death from dessication, low
temperature kill or disease.
January 12, 1987
When the frost comes out of the ground
in the spring, usually the same time most
The purpose of this survey was to determine
golfers come out of hibernation, the turf
how many clubs are using alternate greens.
and underlying soil are the most damaged.
responses
46
Roots can be sheared off between the soft
65%
alternate
greens
30
upper inch of the soil and the frozen layers
regular
greens:
below with even a minimal amount of foot
20%
little or no play
9
traffic. At the same time, the upper soil
7
15%
heavy play
surface is compacted resulting in footprints
100%
on the putting surface. The depressions can
be filled by topdressing but the damage to

, .A

EG YPT
FAR M S
INC.

WHTE MARSH MO.

the end result is generally an increase in
the amount of Poa Annua. As we know all
too well, more Poa means more summer
headaches, more syringing, more fungicide
applications, more dollars spent and a
greater chance of turf loss during the height
of the golf season.
The decision to restrict traffic on greens
during the winter is an easy one agronomically. However, the burden is on the
superintendent to continually educate the
public on the benefits of temporary greens
and the resultant expenses if they are not
used. The extent of the problems caused
from winter play are directly proportional
to the amount of play. It is up to individual
memberships to determine, after consulta­
tion with their superintendent, what
amount of play on that course will cause
more damage than would be acceptable to
the entire membership, and then decide
what action, if any, should be taken to
prevent excessive damage. Perhaps, if we,
as superintendents can communicate well
enough, and at least keep traffic to a
minimum during the most crucial times,
our job may be easier in the summer and
the course will look even better for it. After
all, isn’t that what the golfers want to? ■

THE REICHERT COMPANY

Sterilized
Top
Dressing

301-335-3700

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ingredients are thoroughly mixed and
sterilized by indirect heat in our special
process. The sand particles are actually
coated with a mixture of top soil and peat
humus for a completely homogenous mixture
that will not separate during handling and
spreading.
Egypt Farms top dressing is formulated
especially for your area to specifications
recommended by the United States Golf
Association, Texas A&M, Penn State, North
Carolina State, and the University of
Maryland.
Many years of research and testing by these
leading universities have produced a soil
mixture for superior growth; to maintain the
best balance of percolation; to resist
compaction; for good aeration; and for the
retention of usable water and nutrients in the
growing medium.
Green and tee construction materials & mixes con­
forming to U.S.G.A. specs are also available.
Distributed by: Metro-Milorganite, Inc.

(914) 769-7600
The Terre Co.
Wagner Seed Co., Inc.
(201) 473-3393
(516) 293-6312

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Superintendent Profile
Reported by John O’Keefe
Pio Savate is host Golf Course
Superintendent for the Met GCSA
Business Meeting on March 26 at
Elmwood C.C.
Pio has been employed at Elmwood for
the past 27 years. He began in 1959 as
Golf Course Mechanic, moving on to
Assistant Superintendent and then in June
of 1976 he was appointed Superintendent.
Bom and brought up in Italy, Pio studied
at the Vatican for 7 years preparing for the
priesthood. He first came to America in
1955, when at the age of 21, and because
of his father’s American citizenship he was
drafted into the U.S. Army.
Pio’s turf education was achieved by
working his way through the ranks of his
employment and attending seminars and
meetings enabling him to exchange ideas
with his peers.
Away from work Pio enjoys watching
the game of soccer, something that brings
him back to his childhood in Italy where
soccer is the way of life for a young boy.
The biggest pride in Pio’s life, of course,

is his family. In 1958 Pio married his bride
Celia and they have three sons, Larry (27),
Edmund (24), and Damian (21). ■

General Excavating Contractors

2 Fishermen
Hook A Corpse
FORT PIERCE, FLA. - Two New
Yorkers angling for bluefish felt something
tug on the line and discovered they had
hooked the body of a murdered man, police
said yesterday.
An autopsy showed that Timothy Nolan
Yoder, 30, had been shot twice in the head
at close range. Yoder had moved from
Riverside, Calif., to Fort Pierce within the
last six months.
There are no suspects. Medical
Examiner Leonard Walker said Yoder
probably was thrown off a boat because
water was found in his lungs, indicating
he had breathed after going into the water.
Vacationing New Yorkers Charles
Martineau and William Gaydosh dragged
the body 150 yards through the water on a
15-pound test line that had hooked Yoder’s
clothing, cops said.
- United Press International ■

MOWING SLOPES IS
EASY WITH A FORD
LCG TRACTOR

CECIO BROS., INC.

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Equipment Rental,
Sea Wall Construction
Rock Excavation
Road Construction

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OVER 50 YEARS OF SERVICE

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500 Old Post Road # 3
Greenwich, CT 06830
(203) 869-2340

Ford LCG tractors are especially designed for mowing on slopes.
With their wide-set axles and low center-of-gravity, they really hug the
ground.
Two power sizes: Ford diesel powered with 60 SAE net HP (Ford
4610 LCG) and 40.5 SAE net HP (Ford 2910 LCG).
Choice of 8X4 synchromesh transmission (shift on-the-go under
light load) or standard 8X2 dual-range transmission.

(Low Center-of-Gravity)

Team up with one of Ford’s great mowers: a 3-point hitch mounted
Ford flail mower or one of Ford’s rotary cutters, in lift or pull type.
You’ll find the Ford LCG tractors a lot of value for the money, with
designed-in Ford quality. Don’t just take our word for it...

ASK FOR A D EM O ...TO D A Y!
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27 Broad Street
Norwalk, CT 06851

203-847-2496
Westchester Ford Tractor, Inc.
Meadow Street
Goldens Bridge, NY 10526

914-232-7746

5

New Code of Ethics
The GCSAA Board of Directors has
adopted a new Code of Ethics. It reads as
follows:
As a member of the Golf Course
Superintendents Asssociation of
America, I accept and fully agree to
abide by this Code and pledge myself to:
1. Recognize and discharge all my
responsibilities and duties in such a fashion
as to be a credit to this Association and
profession.
2. Practice and insist upon sound
business and turf management principles
in exercising the responsibilities of my
position.
3. Utilize every practicable opportu­
nity to expand my professional knowledge,
thereby improving myself and my
profession.
4. Maintain the highest standards of
personal conduct to reflect credit and add
to the stature of the profession of golf
course management.
5. Base endorsements, either written
or verbal by means of any medium, strictly
upon satisfactory personal experiences
within the item identified.
6. Refrain from encouraging or
accepting considerations of any value
without the express understanding of all
parties that said consideration is available
to all in similar circumstances, and that no
actions shall be forthcoming as a result of
acceptance.
7. Recognize and observe the highest
standards of integrity in my relationships
with fellow golf course superintendents
and others associated with this profession
and industry.
8. Assist my fellow superintendents in
all ways consistent with my abilities.
9. Abstain from the untruthful
debasement of, or encroachment upon, the
professional reputation or practice of
another superintendent.
10. Lend my support to, and actively
participate in, the efforts of my local
chapter and National Association to
improve public understanding and
recognition of the profession of golf course
management.
11. Abstain from any unfair exploitation
of my Association, industry or profession.
12. Present information and participate
as a witness voluntarily in all proceedings
to which there exists evidence of a
violation of this Code of Ethics. ■

Moore Receives Green Section Award
Sherwood Moore, a prominent name in
golf course management for more than four
decades, has received the 1987 Green
Section Award of the United States Golf
Association.
Announcement of the award was made
by Marion B. Farmer, chairman of the
USGA Green Section Award Committee.
The award has been presented by the
USGA annually since 1961 in recognition
of distinguished service to golf through
work with turfgrass. Moore received his
award February 2 at the Golf Course
Superintendents Association of America
Conference and Show in Phoenix, Arizona.
Moore has been an innovator in turfgrass
management throughout his career. He was
one of the first superintendents to use
arsenicals and sodium arsenite on a wide
scale, a development that for decades
became the best known method of control­
ling poa annua bluegrass.
His work as golf course superintendent

included two tenures at Winged Foot Golf
Club in Mamaroneck, N.Y., where he
directed course preparation for three USGA
championships— the 1959 and 1984 U.S.
Opens and the 1980 U.S. Senior Open.
He also was an administrator, serving as
president of both the New Jersey and
Metropolitan Golf Course Superintendents
Associations as well as the Golf Course
Superintendents Association of America.
Moore also passed his expertise on to
others. He is credited for producing more
assistants or student workers as golf course
superintendents than any other superinten­
dent in the country. As one nomination of
Moore stated, “This shows Mr. Moore’s
true love for the game of golf and the
profession of golf course superintendents.”
He continues to be active in many
associations in the Northeast as well as
with the O.J. Noer Turfgrass Research
Foundation. ■

Reminder: Dues are now due!!!

m

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GRASS MACHINERY

BIG TREE
NURSERY
S uppliers o f large
specim en trees 3 '-1 4 "
In caliper. Large,
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fo r hire.

CONTACT

BILL RAPP
Steven Willand, Inc.
Box 9, Rt. 206
(So. of Ross Corner)
Augusta, NJ 07822

We transplant large trees

201-579-5656

(201) 225-4727
Stan Lubow icki

P.O. Box 6081
Edison, NJ 08818
6

Safety Training
Program Available
Harford
Industrial
Minerals

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TD 1000
Top Dressing Blend

&

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Bunker Sand
P .0 . Box 210, Joppa, Maryland 21085
(301) 679-9191

An audio-visual safety training program
designed for horticultural related industries
has been introduced by Safety & Systems
Management, Inc. “Pesticides” focuses on
hazardous chemicals and physical agents
used in nurseries, parks, etc. It is designed
to help employers comply with existing
federal and state right-to-know legislation.
According to the company, the program
has been reviewed and accepted by OSHA
and is recommended by the American
Society of Safety Engineers. It is available
on VHS or Betamax videocassettes and is
supplemented by employee handbooks,
supervisory manuals and additional
materials. Spanish language versions also are
available. For more information, contact
Safety & Systems Management, Inc., 9
13895 Industrial Park Blvd., Suite 110,
Minneapolis, MN 55441, (612) 553-9760.
- Credit: Almost News ■

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7

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Patrons of Tèe to Qtèen
Patrons listed on this page are supporting our A ssociation. You are encouraged to support them.
*Denotes Met GCSA member

Alpine Tree Care, Inc.*
Main office: White Plains 914-948-0101
Branch offices: Chappaqua 914-238-4400
Darien 203-655-8008
Professional Tree Care & Consulting

I & E Supply, Inc.*
Dick Smith - Paul Roche
66 Ema Avenue, Milford, CT 06460
BUCKNER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
203-878-0658

Pro-Lawn Products, Ine.*
Stephen M. Kotowicz
30 Nashville Road
Bethel, CT 06801
203-792-3032

Big Tree Nursery
Stan Lubowicki
P.O. Box 6081
Edison, NJ 08818
We transplant large trees

Irrigation Systems Incorporated*
P.O. Box 66, Windsor, CT 06095
203-727-9227
Installation, Service, Winterization and
Designing for Course Irrigation Systems

The Reichert Company*
Lubricant & Filter Distributor
P.O. Box 273
Riverside, CT 06878
203-637-2958 - Frank Reichert

James Carriere & Sons, Inc.*
Bill Carriere
7 Cottage Street
Port Chester, NY 10573
914-937-2136 or 914-937-5479

James W. Taylor Tree Surgery, Inc.
TREE TRANSPLANTING
240-B Plains Road
Walden, NY 12586
914-561-3490 - Vickie Poltrack

Rhone«Poulenc Inc.
Samuel L. Horst
RD 2, Box 294
Stockton, NY 08559
201-996-4306

Cecio Bros., Inc.
General Excavating Contractor
P.O. Box 4100; 500 Old Post Road #3
Greenwich, CT 06830
203-869-2340

LESCO, Inc.*
20005 Lake Road, Rocky River, OH 44116
Mike Oleykowski
201-387-9254
Bob Dwyer
201-665-9728
. . . for all your golf course needs

Stephen Kay, Golf Course Architect*
P.O. Box 81, Purchase, NY 10577
914-963-^555
Long Range Planning, Remodeling, &
New Development

Egypt Farms, Inc.
Golf Green Topdressing
John Strickland
White Marsh, MD 21162
301-335-3700

Loft’s Seed, Inc.
John Morrissey
Box 146
Bound Brook, NJ 08805
201-356-8700

Steven Willand, Inc.
Bill Rapp
Box 9, Rt. 206, South of Ross Comer
Augusta, NJ 07822
201-579-5656

Emerald Isle, Ltd.
Bob Middleton
2153 Newport Road
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
313-662-2727

The Magovern Company*
Joseph Schnieder
911 Hope Street
Stamford, CT 06907
1-800-243-9094

Terre Company of N .J., Inc.*
Byron Johnson, Jr.
206 Delawanna Avenue
Clifton, NJ 07014
201-473-3393

Glenmore Landscape Service*
Glenn S. Moore
RR3 Box 199 Hackgreen Rd.
Pound Ridge, NY 10576
914-764-4348

Metro Milorganite, Inc.*
John G. Wistrand & Anthony L. Grasso
P.O. Box 267
Hawthorne, NY 10532
914-347-4222

Turf Products Corporation*
South Windsor, CT 06074
Joe Kennedy - Irrigation
A1 Tretara - Equipment
203-528-9508

Grass Roots Turf Products, Inc.*
Bert Jones 201-686-8709
Ken Kubik 201-361-5943
P.O. Box 336
Mt. Freedom, NJ 07970

MONTCO/SURF-SIDE/ZAP!
Surfactants - Defoamers
Box 404, Ambler, PA 19002
Robert Oechsle
Home: 215-836-4992/Whs: 215-628-3144

Valley View Nursery*
Route 123 R.R. #2
Box 27
So. Salem, NY 10590
(914) 533-2526 (914)533-2504

Harford Industrial Minerals, Inc.
Jack Montecalvo - Topdressing, Bunker
Sand & Construction Mix
Joppa, MD 21085
301-679-9191

O.M. Scott & Sons*
A1 Arison
226 Barry Scott Drive
Fairfield, CT 06430
203-336-9890

Westchester Ford Tractor*
Goldens Bridge, NY 10526
914-232-7746
Wesco Inc., Norwalk CT 06851
203-847-2496

Hawthorne Brothers Tree Service, Inc.*
5 Center Street
Bedford Hills, NY 10507
914-666-7035 and 203-531-1831
Professional Tree Care and Transplanting

Partac Golf Course Topdressing
Kelsey Park
Great Meadows, NJ 07838
James Carriere & Sons/ J. & B. Trucking
914-937-2136 Bill & Joe Carriere

Westchester Turf Supply, Inc.*
P.O. Box 198, Lincolndale, NY 10540
Serving the Fine Turf Profession
Bob Lippman
Bus. 914-277-3755/Home: 914-248-5790