VOLUME 19, NUMBER 6 • AUGUST 1989

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PUBLISHED BY THE METROPOLITAN GOLF COURSE SUPERINTENDENT ASSOCIATION
President's Message

Special Feature

Research Donations WAGING WAR ON MOSS

An investment in your future

I’m sure no one can deny the value of
turfgrass research to golf course su­
perintendents and their clubs. As an
association, we took a big step last fall
toward improving our support of re­
search projects by designating a por­
tion of our dues toward those efforts.
Now there’s another opportunity to
contribute to a worthwhile research
funding endeavor: the newly estab­
lished Met Area Turfgrass Research
Foundation. Founded by the MGA
about four years ago, the foundation is
now cosponsored and directed by the
MetGCSA and the Long Island and
New Jersey Golf Course Superinten­
dent Associations, with the MGA
providing administrative assistance.
Thanks to those who have given in
the past, the foundation has been able
to support moss research conducted
by Dr. Norman Hummel of Cornell Uni­
versity (see article, right) and patch
disease work being done by Dr. Bruce
Clarke of Rutgers.
There is a valuable reward to be
gained from this type of donation.
What we learn from turfgrass research
helps us do a better job—enabling us,
often, to save our club thousands of
dollars or, at the least, to improve the
playing conditions of our course.
The MetGCSA Board of Directors
urges you to support this fund-raising
effort by sending a check for $150 to
the Met Area Turfgrass Research Fund.
It’s a small price to pay for the valuable
information you’ll receive in return.

SCOTT E. NIVEN, CGCS
President

Dr. Norman Hummel of Cornell University offers new hope for
superintendents trying to rid their greens of this meddlesome weed
These days, clubs put a premium on
golf course superintendents who are
able to produce lightening-fast greens.
But doing so means mowing greens
shorter and keeping the nitrogen fer­
tility to a minimum—two practices that
reduce turfgrass vigor and leave it
open to weed encroachment. Conse­
quently, one of the more troublesome
weeds superintendents are battling
today is moss.
Until recently, mercury products
were the only known means of control­
ling moss. But with the support of the
Metropolitan Golf Association, we've
conducted research to look at other
ways to control this meddlesome weed.
What follows is a description of both
chemical and cultural tools that we've
found effective in eradicating most
moss problems.
Moss Control With Chemicals
Moss's growing season begins in early
spring—well before the bentgrass on
your greens. To burn back the moss
during this period, it helps to apply
hydrated lime late March. Three to five
lbs. per 1000 sq. ft. should do the trick.
Hint: The lime will be easier to spread
if mixed with a dry sand topdressing.
Once the bentgrass begins growing,
other herbicides can be applied. One of
the more effective treatments in our
trials was the Scotts Goosegrass Con­
trol, a betasan-ronstar combination.
Labeled for use on bentgrass greens,
this product provided 83 percent

control from only a single application.
The only caveat: Scotts Goosegrass
Control will cause some discoloration.
Two other materials, siduron (Tupersan) and bentazon (Basagran), pro­
vided from 53 to 74 percent control of
moss. While not quite as effective as
the Scotts product, both proved safer
since neither injured the turf.
Worth noting is that, with the ex­
ception of bentazon, it seems the most
effective treatments are preemergence
herbicides. While it's difficult to de­
termine from these trials whether the
effect is pre- or post-emergence, all of
these materials were effective in con­
trolling moss. It was several weeks,
however, before we noticed any sig­
nificant decrease in moss populations.
Moss-Fighting Cultural Practices
Chemicals offer only a partial solution
to the moss problem. (continued on page 7)

Also in This Issue
2 Jones Invitational: A recordbreaking fund-raiser
2 The race is on for the GCSAA
Scholarship Award
3 Water hazards: Are you up on
the rules?
4 Scenes from the family picnic
5 Upcoming events...A 50/50
Raffle for a worthy cause

GCSAA News

JONES INVITATIONAL HERALDS
COMMITMENT TO PROFESSION'S
FUTURE

T

he inaugural Robert Trent Jones Invitational, a golf event benefiting the
GCSAA endowment fund named for the legendary architect, raised a
record $27,000 to support university scholarships.

The mid-June tournament was held at the Metedeconk National Golf
Club in Jackson, NJ, and featured teams from 15 selected golf clubs around the
Northeast—four of them, not including Metedeconk, MetGCSA members. The
teams, which were comprised of club superintendents, officials, and members,
contributed $1,500 each to support the Jones Fund and do battle with Metede­
conk, Jones' most recent New Jersey design. Metedeconk members made addi­
tional contributions to bring the total to $27,000, making it the largest contribu­
tion by a single golf club in the fund's two-year history.
Steve Cadenelli, Metedeconk's superintendent and GCSAA secretary/treas­
urer, coordinated the event. To him, the tournament was "a very meaningful
way in which to recognize the unique relationship between the golf course
architect and the golf course superintendent, as well as an excellent opportunity
to support the development of future golf course managers and the game of
golf while enjoying a great day of golf and camaraderie."
GCSAA President Dennis Lyon called the Jones Invitational "a milestone"
for the association's Scholarship & Research Fund. "This is definitely a major
step in the development of the Robert Trent Jones Fund. I really have to con­
gratulate Metedeconk for a job well done...and I also want to thank Steve and
the whole staff there for a great effort."
Players heaped praise on both architect and superintendent for the superb
design and conditioning of the two-year-old course. Steve, in turn, cited the
tremendous efforts of his crew in preparing Metedeconk during the previous
soggy weeks.
The GCSAA Robert Trent Jones Endowment Fund was established in 1987
with a substantial donation from the New Jersey architect. Once fully capital­
ized, the fund will help pay college tuition for turfgrass management students
considering careers as superintendents.

Board of Directors
President
SCOTT NIVEN, CGCS
Stanwich Club
Vice President
LAWRENCE PAKKALA, CGCS
Woodway Country Club
Secretary
TIMOTHY O’NEILL, CGCS
Country Club of Darien
Treasurer
JOSEPH ALONZI, CGCS
Fenway Golf Club
Past President
PATRICK LUCAS, CGCS
Innis Arden Golf Club
JOHN CARLONE
Middle Bay Country Club
BERT DICKINSON
Westchester Country Club
ANTHONY GRASSO
Willow Ridge Country Club
BYRON JOHNSON
Terre Company
EARL MILLETT
Ridgeway Country Club
TIMOTHY MOORE
Knollwood Country Club
JOHN O’KEEFE, CGCS
Preakness Hills Country Club
JEFF SCOTT
Apawamis Country Club
Executive Secretary
JAN RUSSO

Tee to Green Staff

On Your M ark...Get Set...Ready...Go
for the GCSAA Scholarship Award

Editors
TIM MOORE

EARL MILLETT

914 - 592-7829

914 - 948-5606

Managing Editor

The race is on for the GCSAA 19891990 Scholarship Award. The Schol­
arship & Research Office will select
winners based on their leadership
potential, scholastic capabilities,
character, social and communications
skills, and commitment to a career in
golf course or turfgrass management.
To be eligible, candidates must
have completed the first year of a
two-year program that emphasizes
turf management, but qualified
graduate students are also encour­
aged to enter.

Applications for the scholarship
award are contained in packets that
were distributed in April to more than
100 educational institutions with
programs in turfgrass management or
related fields.
If you know of any students who
might be interested in competing for
the award, have them contact their
school's turfgrass management depart­
ment or the GCSAA Scholarship &
Research Office, 1617 St. Andrews
Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, 800-4727878.

PANDORA C. WOJICK

Editorial Committee
JOE ALONZI
TONY BAVIELLO
BOB LIPPMAN
PAT LUCAS

JEFF MCDOWELL
MARY MEDONIS
DENNIS
PETRUZZELLI

Advertising Manager
JOHN O'KEEFE

201 - 694-0260

Photographer
DOMINIC RICHICHI

TEE TO GREEN is published eight times
a year. Copyright © 1989 the Metropolitan
Golf Course Superintendent Association.
ADDRESS: P.O. Box 396, Mamaroneck,
NY 10543.

Understanding the Rules of Golf

Lateral Water Hazard Options
If you thought the first was confusing,
brace yourself for this one. There are
five options when a ball lies within a
lateral water hazard (see diagram

below, right). The first three are the
same as those for a water hazard: (1)
Play the ball as it lies without pen­
alty. (2) Drop behind the hazard on a
line drawn from the hole through the
point (A) at which the ball entered
the hazard and take a one-stroke
penalty. (3) Use the stroke-anddistance option.
The two other options also call for
a penalty stroke. You may drop
within two club lengths of A, no
nearer the hole (4) or on the oppo­
site side of the hazard (5). The
reference point on the opposite side is
B, which is the same distance from
the hole as A. In either case, it’s
important to remember that the ball
may not be dropped any nearer the
hole than the point at which the ball
crossed the margin of the lateral
water hazard.
By the way, this rule allows you to
clean your ball when lifted.
MARK MILLETT
Old Oaks Country Club

Water Hazard

Lateral Water Hazard

A By-the-Book Description of How to
Mark—and Play—the Water Hazards
on Your Course
The rules surrounding golf course
water hazards are so lengthy—and
tedious—that many superintendents
have only a vague idea of how to
mark and play the water hazards on
their course. What follows is an
attempt to explain this rule for those
of you who haven't had the stamina
to learn the ins and outs of Rule 26 by
reading your Rule Book.
Water Hazards Defined
A water hazard is any sea, lake,
pond, river, ditch, surface drainage
ditch, or other open water course—
whether or not it contains water.
The margins of a water hazard
(other than a lateral hazard, which
we'll get to in a minute) should be
defined with yellow stakes or lines.
The stakes and lines should be
considered part of the hazard as
should anything that extends verti­
cally above the hazard area—a tree
limb, for instance.
Water Hazard Options
When your ball lands in, touches, or
is lost in a water hazard, you can do
one of three things (see diagram,
right): (1) Assuming the ball is
playable, you can go right ahead and
play it without penalty. But if that's
impossible, imagine a line (2) run­
ning from the hole to the point where
the ball last crossed the margin of the
hazard. You can drop on an exten­
sion of that line for a penalty of one
stroke. Your third option is stroke
and distance. In this illustration, that
means returning to the tee (3) and
placing your ball as near as possible
to the spot where your original ball
was played, and then your next
stroke would be your third.
Note: To treat the ball as lost in a
water hazard, there has to be reason­
able evidence that the ball actually
landed there. If there's any shadow
of a doubt, the ball must be treated as
a lost ball and played under penalty
August 1989

of stroke and distance (see Rule 27 in
your Rule Book).
Lateral Water Hazards: The Particulars
A lateral water hazard is one that is
situated in such a way that it's impos­
sible to drop a ball behind the hazard
and keep the spot at which the ball last
crossed the margin of the water hazard
between the player and hole.
The part of a water hazard that's to
be played as a lateral water hazard
should be distinctively marked with red
stakes or lines.

Tee to Green / 3

A Met Event Revisited

SCENES FROM THE FAMILY PICNIC
A

Day o f Fun—and Profit—for the MetGCSA

There was a smorgasbord of activi­
ties—not to mention food—at the
July 24 Family Picnic held at
Woodway Beach Club in Stamford,
CT. Perhaps one of the most unique
and successful activities was the
father/child bake-off and auction,
which, aside from being a lot of fun,
generated over $600 for the MetGCSA
Family Relations Committee.
Though contestants were limited to
male adults and their children, the
contest managed to drum up an
impressive 18 home-baked entries.
Most cakes were decorated around a
golf theme, but some stuck to the
good ol' finger-lickin' basics, like a
white coconut-frosted layer cake and
a made-from-scratch blueberry coffee
cake.
A panel of impartial judges—Bob
Lippman of Westchester Turf Supply,
Byron Johnson of Terre Company,
and Dom Richichi of Dar Par Sales—
found deciding on the winners no
easy task. After a—ahem—lively
discussion, they awarded Winged
Foot Superintendent Bob Alonzi and
his family first place for their artful
re-creation of the 10th hole at Winged
Foot.
Bruno Vadala, superintendent at
Metropolis Country Club, pulled
second place for his golf-ball shaped
cake, and Country Club of Darien
Superintendent Tim O'Neill and
family came in third for their edible
rendition of the MetGCSA logo.
Winners took home trophies; all other
contestants received ribbons for their
participation.
The auction that followed had
more than a few tense moments, as
bakers seemed to know no bounds
when bidding for the chance to take
home their entries. The cake that
commanded the highest bid was, as
you might expect, the first place
entry, which went once...twice...three
times to Bob Alonzi for $100. The
money raised will be used by the
Family Relations Committee to fund
other family-related activities.
4 / Tee to Green

As always, the beach club was the
perfect setting for a member/family
get-together. The Family Olympics—
year two of fun and games for
MetGCSA members and their chil­
dren—included a host of new activities.
Among them: the hula-hoop relay, egg
toss, and water balloon toss. Competi­
tors were divided into four teams—
Green, White, Blue, and Yellow—with
the Green Team, captained by Mark
Millett, superintendent at Old Oaks
Country Club, the overall winner.

Special thanks should go to mem­
bers of the Family Relations Commit­
tee and all the volunteers who helped
to make the Olympics—and the
entire day—successful. And of
course, we can't forget to thank
Woodway superintendent Larry
Pakkala and the Woodway Beach
Club staff who, as always, went out
of their way to make the summer
picnic enjoyable.
DONNA MILLETT
Family Relations Committee

Green Team Captain Mark Millett (superintendent at Old Oaks Country Club in Purchase, NY) guides
his team to victory during the Family Olympics competition.

For those of you who had any
shadow of a doubt, here's
picture proof that Winged
Foot Superintendent Bob
Alonzi actually had a hand in
baking the first-prize cake in
the father/child bake-off. The
question is, who did the lion's
share of the work? Bob or
his daughters, Jennifer (left),
Cassie (right), or Dana (who
unfortunately didn't make it
into the picture)?

August 1989

Upcoming Events

Special Announcement
M O N T H L Y M E E T IN G
R E M IN D E R

FIELD D A Y R EM IN D E R S

■ 1989 Final Round Championship at
Metropolis Country Club in White
Plains, NY
D ate : Thursday, September 28
H ost S uperintendent : Bruno Vadala
A ctivities : Presentation of the Sher­
wood A. Moore Award and special
50/50 Raffle (see box at right).
SPEC IA L E V E N T

■ 1989 Poa Annual Golf Tournament
D a te : Thursday, October 5
P lace : Fenway Golf Club, Scarsdale,
NY
D etails : Sponsored by the MetGCSA
and the New York State Turfgrass
Association, this event is being run to
benefit turfgrass research. A fee of
$320 per foursome, $80 per single
covers greens fees, prizes, golf cart,
and a one-and-a-half-hour open bar
with hot hors d'oeuvres.
F or further inform ation , call : Mike
Maffei at 914-279-7179 (office) or 914278-9436 (home)

50/50 Raffle for a
Worthy Cause
A good friend of the MetGCSA has
recently had an unfortunate tragedy in
his family. Mark Loper, who many of
us have known and worked with as
sales manager from Turf Products
irrigation division, has lost his sister,
Anne Milewski, at the age of 31 after a
long illness. She is survived by her
husband, James Milewski, and two
small children, Andrea, 2, and Julia, 1.
At our September 28 meeting at
Metropolis Country Club, we’ll be
holding a 50/50 Raffle to benefit a
special trust fund that has been set up
for the children.
Anyone who wishes to contribute
privately to this trust fund may do so by
mailing their contribution to: Andrea &
Julia Trust Fund, do Constantine,
Attorney, 109 New London Turnpike,
Glastonbury, CT 06033.

■ 25th Annual Turfgrass Equipment,
Irrigation and Supplies Field Day
D ate : October 3,1989
R ain date : October 4
P lace : Rutgers Stadium and Golf
Course, Piscataway, NJ
F or further information , call : Judy
Policastro, 201-379-1100
■
NYSTATurf and Grounds
Exposition
D ate : November 7-10,1989
P lace : Rochester Riverside Conven­
tion Center, Rochester, NY
F or further information , call : 800873-8873
C O M E O N E , C O M E A LL

■ MetGCSA Christmas Party, Willow
Ridge Country Club, Saturday, Decem­
ber 16
D etails : Keep December 16 open for
holiday cocktails, dinner, and
dancing at Willow Ridge Country
Club in Harrison, NY. Look for
more details in an upcoming issue of
Tee to Green.

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Special Feature

WAGING WAR
ON MOSS
(continued from page 1)

Unless cultural steps are taken to
increase turfgrass vigor, you'll find
chemical control of moss a neverending battle.
We designed studies to look at the
effects of cultivation techniques and
fertility on moss eradication. And the
results clearly demonstrated that the
culture can be changed to the detri­
ment of moss.
While silvery thread moss will
tolerate dry conditions, it prefers an
abundance of free water. Core culti­
vation followed by sand topdressing
creates a system of "vertical drains"
that facilitate rapid water removal
from the surface. We found moss re­
moval much speedier with this pro­
cess than with core cultivation alone.
Deep spiking was also beneficial
compared to only core cultivation.
Nitrogen, iron, and potassium are

probably the most important tools in a
moss eradication program. Moss con­
trol improved as the rate of nitrogen
was increased. In the first test, moss
was eliminated over two growing
seasons from plots that were initially 40
percent moss by increasing nitrogen
rates to about 0.8 lbs. per 1000 sq. ft.
per growing month; that’s about 6 lbs.
of nitrogen per year. Iron applications
at a rate of 6 ozs. per 1000 sq. ft. per
month were beneficial during the first
year, especially at the higher rates of
nitrogen. However, in the second year,
iron had no effect at all on the moss.
The problem, of course, with these
high nitrogen treatments is that you get
more top growth—and slower green
speeds. So in our latest test, we experi­
mented with using more moderate
rates of nitrogen, in conjunction with
potassium. We were able to produce
the same results as the first test by
applying about 3 lbs. of nitrogen and 4
to 6 lbs. of potassium annually. The
only difference was that the amount of
top growth was greatly reduced. Note:

A supplemental potassium program
should be started in the springtime.
Moss Control in a Nutshell
In short, early spring applications of
hydrated lime, followed about a
month later and in the early fall with a
herbicide are the first steps in control­
ling moss. Increasing your nitrogen
and potassium levels and using iron
during this period will also improve
the competitive advantage of desirable
grasses—at the expense of moss. In
addition, it's good practice to control
your soil moisture levels through care­
ful irrigation and by providing good
drainage throughout the soil profile.
Clearly, enough information is
known, now, for superintendents to
develop a legal moss control program.
But research will continue.
DR. NORMAN HUMMEL
Cornell University
For a more in-depth report of this moss project,
write or call Dr. Norman Hummel at Cornell
University, 20 Plant Science Building, Ithaca,
NY 14853, 607-255-1629.

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Patrons of TEE TO GREEN
Patrons listed on this page are supporting our association.
You are encouraged to support them.
Alpine Tree Care, Inc. *
Main office: White Plains 914-948-0101
Branch Office: Brewster 914-279-8800
Norwalk 203-655-8008
Specializing in Golf Courses

Irrigation Systems Incorporated *
P.O. Box66, Windsor, CT06095
Installation, Service, Winterization and
Designing of Golf Course Irr. Systems
203-727-9227

Pro Lawn Products, Inc *
Stephen M. Kotowicz
30 Nashville Road
Bethal, CT 06801
203-792-3032

A1 Preston Garage
Massey Ferguson
Sales-Parts-Service
Shelton, CT 06484
203-735-3627

James Barrett and Associates, Inc.
Jim Barrett
P.O. Box853, Montclair, N J07042
Golf Course Irrigation-Design & Consulting
201-744-8237

Stephan Kay, Golf Course Architect *
P.O. Box 81, Purchase, NY 10577
Long Range Planning, Remodeling,
& New Development
914-738-3399

Bentgrass Sod
Stormy Acres
Kevin Gunn
West Haven, Vt 05743
802-265-3046

Lesco, Inc. *
Greg Moran & Mike Oleykowski
Door to Door Service /Fertilizer
Seed /Equipment /Control Products
1-800-321-5325

Steven Willand, Inc. *
Dave Marmelstein
Rt 206
Augusta, NJ 07822
201-579-5656

James Carriere & Sons, Inc. *
Bill Carriere
7 Cottage Street
Port Chester, NY 10573
914-937-2136

Loft's Seed, Inc.
John Morrissey, Vice Pres.
Box 146
Bound Brook, NJ 08805
201-356-8700

Tee and Green Sod, Inc.
Bentgrass Sod
Dave Wallace
P.O. Box418, Exeter, RI02822
401-295-1870

Egypt Farms, Inc.
John Strickland
Green Topdressing, Sand, Constr. Mixes
White Marsh, MD 21162
301-335-3700

The Magovern Company *
Joseph Schnieder & Jerry Kane
911 Hope Street
Stamford, CT 06907
1-800-243-9094

Terre Company of N.J., Inc. *
Byron Johnson, Jr.
206 Delawanna Avenue
Clifton, NJ 07014
201-473-3393 or (home) 203-748-5069

Emerald Isle, Ltd.
Bill Middleton
2153 Newport Road
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
313-662-2727

Metro Milorganite, Inc. *
Anthony L Grasso & John Wistrand
P.O. Box267
Hawthorne, NY 10532
914-347-4222

Turf Products Corporation *
South Windsor, CT 06074
Dennis Petruzzelli-Irrigation
A1 Tretara-Equipment
203-528-9508

Glenmore Landscape Service *
Glenn S. Moore
RR3 Box 199 Hackgreen Road
Pound Ridge, NY 10576
914-764-4348

Montco Surf-Side/Zap!
Surfactants - Defoamers
Box 404, Ambler, PA 19002
Robert Oeschle
Home: 215-836-4992/Whs.: 215-628-3144

Valley View Greenhouse *
Frank Amodio
RR # 2 Box 27, Rtl23
So. Salem, New York 10590
914-533-2504 or 914-533-2526

Grass Roots Turf Products, Inc. *
Bert Jones
P.O. Box 336
Mr. Freedom, NJ 07970
201-686-8709

O. M. Scotts & Sons Company
Randy Van Yahres
16 Diane Lane
E. Northport, NY 11731
516-266-2272

W. A. Cleary Chemical Corporation
Russ Ward
P.O. Box 10,1049 Somerset Street
Somerset, NJ 08873
201-247-8000

Harford Industrial Minerals, Inc.
Topdressing and Construciton Mix
P.O. Box210
Joppa, MD 21085
301-679-9191

Partac Golf Course Top-Dressing
Kelsey Park, Great Meadows, NJ 07838
1-800-247-2326/201-637-4191
James Carriere & Sons/J & B Trucking
914-937-2136 Bill and Joe Carriere

Westchester Ford Tractor, Inc *
JohnM. Apple
Meadow Street
Golden Bridge, NY 10526
914-232-7746

Hawthorne Bros. Tree Service, Inc.
John R. Hawthorne
5 Center Street
Bedford Hills, NY 10507
914-666-7035

P. I.E. Supply, Co.
Paul Roche
P.O. Box3049
Milford, CT 06460
203-878-0658

Westchester Turf Supply, Inc. *
Bob Lippman
P.O. Box 198, Lincolndale, NY 10540
Office (914) 248-7476
Moble (914) 282-6861

* Denotes MetGCSA member