April 1980

Published monthly by the Metropolitan Golf Course Superintendents Association

MEETING NOTICE:
Date:
Thursday, April 24, 1980
Place:
The Apawamis Club,
Club Road, Rye, N.Y. 10580
Host Superintendent: Michael Caravella
Host Club Manager: William Smith
Golf Professional: Frank Cardi
Greens Chairman: Mr. Ralph Hubbard
Club President:
Mr. William Vanneck
Telephones:
Superintendent: 914-967-8191
Clubhouse: 914-967-2100
Golf Shop: 914-967-2100
12:00 Noon — Carts: $14.00
Golf:
Caddies: $10.00
Lunch:
12:00 until 1:30 p.m.
Social Hour:
6:00 p.m. with Hors d’oeuvres
Dinner:
7:00 p.m. $16.00
Bar, Caddy, Cart, Dinner — Chit or Cash
Special Notes:

April 24
May 27June 1
May 29
June
June
June
June

12-15
12
17
19

June 26-29
July 24
July 31
August
Aug. 14-17
Sept. 15
October 9

Vol. X, No. 3

COMING EVENTS
MGCSA Meeting, The Apawamis Club
Golden Lights Tournament,
Wykagyl Country Club
MGCSA Greens Chairmen Meeting,
Fairview Country Club
U.S. Open, Baltusrol G.C., Springfield, N.J.
Cornell Field Day
MGCSA Meeting, Wykagyl Gountry Club
CAGCS Meeting, Silver Springs C.C.,
MGCSA Members invited.
First U.S. Senior Open Championship,
Winged Foot Golf Club
Long Island Field Day
MGCSA Meeting, Bedford Golf & Tennis Club
MGCSA Picnic
Westchester Classic, Westchester C.C.
MGCSA Meeting, Spook Rock Golf Club
MGCSA Invitational, Mt. Kisco Country Club

EDITORIAL STAFF
Pat Lucas, Co-Editor

Office 203-637-3210
Home 203-637-3939
Office 914-967-6000
Home 914-937-3613

Ted Horton, Co-Editor

OFFICERS
P resident ..................................Robert Alonzi, Fairview Country Club
Office 203-531-8910; Home 203-531-1930

Vice-President.............Michael Maffei, Back of Beyond Golf Course
Office 914-279-7179; Home 914-279-7895

Secretary ..................................Paul Caswell, Greenwich Country Club
Office 203-869-1000; Home 203-661-8949

Treasurer........................... Sherwood Moore, Winged Foot Golf Club

President Bob Alonzi and USGA Green Section Agronomist
Bill Brewer at the March MGCSA meeting.

Office 914-698-2827; Home

Reprint permission is hereby authorized providing credit is
given to Tee to Green . . . unless author states otherwise.

COVERAGE OF THE MARCH 26th
MGCSA MEETING AT WESTCHESTER HILLS

Publication deadline for Tee to Green is 21 days before the
regular meeting.

By Scott Niven, Superintendent, St. Andrews Golf Gub

MGCSA NEWS
At the Board of Directors meeting held at the Fairview Country Club on March 13, Gus Powell was voted a Life
Member and Mike Caravella was voted a Class A member.
Michael Nagle, former assistant at Fenway is now Superin­
tendent at Bonnie Briar.
Our March 26 meeting at Mark Millett’s Westchester Hills
Golf Club had an excellent turnout. Our three speakers were
Bill Brewer of the USGA Green Section, Dr. Martin Petrovic
of Cornell University and Fred Marshall of the Westchester
County Cooperative Extension Service. Coverage of their pre­
sentations has been done by Scott Niven and can be found else­
where in this newsletter.
At this writing, (April 5) the dry winter has been replaced
with a wet spring. Although dessication was thought to be a
possible problem, at this point most areas are beginning to
green up nicely. I have noted some bleached grass, mainly on
the collars with high sand content.
—Pat Lucas
FOR SALE
Used Buckner Model 8286 (Febco Model 86)
gear driven irrigation sprinklers. All in working condition.
Variety of nozzle sizes available. Large quantity available.
Sprinkler alone: $10.00 each
Sprinkler w/casing & cover: $15 each
Contact Mike Maffei, Back O’Beyond, Brewster
Phone:914-279-7179

Something to Think A b o u t . . .
“Destiny is not a matter of chance, it is a matter of choice; it is
not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved.”
—William Jennings Bryan

WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF THE USGA?
Agronomist Bill Brewer addressed the superintendents of
the metropolitan area as collectively possessing, “the greatest
store of turf knowledge in the world,” and thought we should
be informed about the USGA’s plans for the future because of
our good support in the past. Currently, many younger men
are moving into higher positions of the USGA’s executive
committees and bring with them many new ideas. The result of
these changes has been some programs which have helped
improve the USGA’s service to us, such as the associate pro­
gram, the Green Section Record being printed in color, a
reduction in the price of the turf advisory service from $360 to
$200, and the regional Green Section meetings. The USGA is
still looking for more new ideas to determine what changes can
be made to help them serve us better. To accomplish this,
questionaires were made available to superintendents who
wished to fill them out, and one was sent to a random sample
of golf clubs throughout the U.S. So with our support the
future of the USGA will be a progressive one, with improved
service and better relations toward all those connected with the
golf industry.
GYPSY MOTH
Fred Marshall of the Cooperative Extension Service informs
us that the gypsy moth has reached epidemic proportions in
various parts of the Westchester area this year. Egg masses
containing from 200 to 1000 moths each can be seen on tree
trunks and the undersides of branches. Good control of the
leaf eating caterpillars can be obtained with Sevin, Orthene,
Methoxychlor, Imadan, and Bacillus Thorensiencous. Sprays
must be applied at least 250 feet from residences and success
depends primarily upon timing. Fred recommends the first
spray be applied about May 10th to 15th and a second spray 10
days later. He also warns that control may be a losing battle in
highly infested areas.

SOIL TESTING RESEARCH

In the past, soil testing labs have used extracts which give
valid information for only certain types of soils. Consequently,
the results of tests on N.Y. soils may not be as informative as
they could be with exclusive extracts and methods which would
favor only them. Dr. Petrovic of Cornell University is begin­
ning research to determine just what testing methods are best
suited for our N.Y. soils and plans to set up a new lab in this
area. His tests will give indications of Ph, nitrogen, potassium,
phosphorous, and soluble salts, as well as recommendations
for fertilization and liming procedures to correct any prob­
lems. A soil testing service such as this would be very beneficial
to us, and subsequently Dr. Petrovic has asked for our support
with this rather large research project. He needs financial
support to the tune of $20,000 a year for 3 years and sites
typical of this area to take samples from. If you would like to
provide sites for soil samples or have any questions, please call
Dr. Petrovic at Cornell.

GROWING DEGREE DAYS AND THE DEVELOPMENT
OF THE ANNUAL BLUEGRASS WEEVIL

As you may remember, I have been trying to correlate the
activity o f the Hyper odes with seasonal temperatures. The
following abstract (written fo r something else, so not as clear
as it could be), explains a little about what I am trying to do.
In any case, the key point is that for the past four years, the
summer activity o f the larvae has peaked when a certain num­
ber o f growing degree day units has accumulated, and had no
correlation with calendar date. These growing degree day
units are calculated from the daily maximum and minimum
temperatures. I f we keep track o f the temperature through the
spring, I think we will be able to predict when the worst
damage is likely to occur in the summer.
Pat Vittum
Department o f Entomology
New York State Agricultural Experiment Station

CECIO BROS., INC.

The annual bluegrass weevil, Hyperodes sp near anthracina
(Coleóptera: Curculionidae), is a serious pest on annual blue­
grass, Poa annua L. on golf courses in the metropolitan New
York area. Golf course superintendents in this area manage
their courses intensively, and cannot tolerate the degree of
damage this insect is capable of inflicting. Therefore, we
wanted to devise an economically and environmentally sound
control program. Such a program depended on under­
standing the biology of the insect, particularly determining
when and where each stage develops and developing a method
to predict insect activity.
Spring and summer population surveys were conducted in
1976-1978. Five 10.8 cm diameter plugs of turfgrass were col­
lected weekly from each of several sites on six golf courses in
Westchester County. The number of individuals of each stage
in each sample was recorded. With this information, we
determined the population density, the relative number of
individuals of each stage, and the spatial distribution of
insects throughout the growing season.
The data indicated that there were two generations and a
partial third generation in 1976 and 1977, with a major por­
tion of the population in the fifth (ultimate) larval stage (the
most damaging) in early to mid June, mid July, and mid
August. There was only one generation and a partial second
generation in 1978, with a peak in fifth stage larvae in mid
June and again in late July.
Laboratory investigations showed that the rate of develop­
ment of all stages of the annual bluegrass weevil is directly re­
lated to the ambient temperature within a range from 12°C to
30°C. Rate of development was arrested at temperatures
above and below this range. We wanted to determine whether
there was a correlation between seasonal temperatures and
the development of the insect in the field. The daily maximum
and minimum temperatures for White Plains were obtained
from the Westchester County Airport (a National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration weather station). This
information was used to calculate the number of growing
degree day units accumulated each day with 52°F as the base
temperature and plot calendar date versus growing degree day

It’s Playable

General E x c a va tin g Contractors

P.O. Box 4100
500 Old Post Road #3
Greenwich, Conn. 06830

(203) 869-2340

Rated First for:
Q U A L IT Y ^
D EN SITY /
WEAR TOLERANCE
SHADE TOLERANCE

“OVER 50 YEARS OF SERVICE’’
•

•

•

Lake Dredging
Excavating
Drainage
Paving
Sewers
Equip. Rental
Sea Wall Const.
Rock Excavation
Road Construction

^ Used straight or mixed with
other elite bluegrasses, your
turf problems are all but sol­
ved. Highly disease and drought
resistant and it can be mowed
down to 1/2 inch...ideal from
the tee to the green.

Available as Sod, Sod Blend, Sod Plugs and Seed.

LICENSED DEMOLITION CONTRACTOR
w

w

A

i

TURF NURSERY, INC. /

/

/

R.R. 1 • Box 240-D
(Lower & Gardnerville Roads)
New Hampton, New York 10958
<914)355-6162

accumulation for March through August of 1976-1979. The
resulting graph indicated that spring temperatures in 1978
were substantially cooler than 1976 or 1977, while spring
temperatures in 1979 were intermediate between those of 1978
and 1976. The low temperatures of 1978 occurred primarily in
March, April and May, resulting in a consistent deficit of
2000 to 2500 growing degree day units compared to 1976 and
1977. Temperatures in June, July and August of all three
years were not substantially different. However, because of
the lower temperatures in the 1978 spring, the accumulation
of growing degree day units remained 10 to 15 calendar days
behind that of previous years throughout the entire summer.
The calendar dates of the peaks of activity for each stage of
development were marked for each year. For each stage of
development, summer activity occurred at the same growing
degree day accumulation each year, even though there was a
difference of 10 to 12 calendar days from one year to the next.
For example, the peak of fifth instar larvae occurred at
15,000 units each year. Since the rate of accumulation of
growing degree days was the same in each year from mid June
on, it appears that growing degree days can be used to predict
the summer activity of the annual bluegrass weevil. Such a
predictive capability would enable the superintendent to make
a single, properly timed insecticide application to selected
areas of the golf course when the insects are in the most
susceptible stage to prevent widespread insect damage.
MAR

■■■

For the superintendent

-

to m o k P c ^ o o d t o ^ fe e tte r . .
ProTurf offers research tested,
golf course proven professional
turf products.
Just give me a call.
( Scotts)
P roT u rf
ËpÉÉi
AI Arison
Technical Rep.
226 Barry Scott Drive
Fairfield
Connecticut 06430
203-336-9890

Fran Berdine
Technical Rep.
90 Twin Lakes Village
Bloomingdale,
New York 12721
914-93394605

Bill Riden
Technical Rep.
2114NewYork Ave-apt. 1
Huntington Station,
New York 11746
516-271-6678

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

AN EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITYREACH OUT, IT’S THERE

It hardly seems possible that Spring is once again upon us
and as I look back over the winter months, the warmer tem­
peratures and the spring showers are indeed inviting. To some
of you the winter climate presented some problems, but to
myself, this period of time was viewed as a valuable and re­
warding educational experience.
During the months of January and February, I had the
pleasure of attending the eight week winter school for Turf
Managers at the University of Massachusetts under the direc­
tion of Dr. Joseph Troll. Unlike a two year or a four year
program, the eight week winter course stayed within the
boundaries of a Golf Course Superintendent’s needs. Basical­
ly the courses under study were Turfgrass Pest Control and
Business Management with Dr. Troll; Turfgrass Physiology
and Maintenance with Dr. Hurto; Soils and Fertilizers with
Professor Zak; Entomology with Dr. Tunis; Golf Course
Architecture with Mr. Cornish; Trees and Shrubs with

Professor Hustar; Personnel Management with Professor
Marion; Machinery with Professor Whitney; Engines with
Professor Johnson; and Drainage and Irrigation with Profes­
sor Pira. Each course was professionaly presented in a mana­
gerial manner.
I was fortunate to receive a Bachelor of Science Degree
from the University of Rhode Island and I’m very pleased
with my attendance at the U Mass winter school. Whether
you’re a Golf Course Professional or a Golf Course Superin­
tendent, the U Mass winter school and various other educa­
tional courses offer great opportunities to further ones educa­
tion. So, reach out, it’s there. Try not to let these educational
opportunities slip by you.
Dave Dwinell
Class B member MGCSA
Winged Foot Golf Club

7 Cottage Street
Port Chester, N Y. 10573

(914)937-5479
(914)939-2766

•
•
•
•

TRAP SAND
PARTAC TOPDRESSING
SCREENED TOP SOIL
SCREENED CLAY
FOR TENNIS COURTS
& BASEBALL DIAMONDS
• SAND FOR BUILDING
& CONSTRUCTION
•TRAP ROCK
• GRAVEL

Dr. Martin Petrovic of Cornell University speaking
at the March MGCSA meeting.

ATAEN1US

Sterilized Top Dressing
EGYPT FARMS EXCLUSIVE!

A new white grub problem
that is spreading rapidly.

301-335-3700

fTOXOl
80 SP insecticide.

DAVID J. SYLVESTER
A REA S A L E S R E P R E S E N T A T I V E
HOME

Egypt Farms top dressing is form ulated especially for the transition
zone to specifications recommended by the United States G olf Associ­
ation, Texas A & M , Penn State, N orth Carolina, and the University of
Maryland.
Many years of research and testing by these leading universities have
produced a soil m ixture for superior growth; to maintain the best bal­
ance of percolation; to resist compaction; for good aeration; and for
the retention of usable water and nutrients in the growing medium.
*Green and tee construction materials and mixes conforming to
U .S .G .A . specs are also available.

4 7 M A I N S TR EE T CAST B F R L I N , C O N N E C T I C U T 0 6 0 2 3
203 028-3790

TUCOl

D IV IS ÎO N O F TH E U P JO H N CO M PAN Y

a m top
dressing ingredients are thoroughly mixed and
sterilized by indirect heat in our special pro­
cess. The sand particles are actually coated
w ith a m ixture of top soil and peat humus
for a com pletely homogenous m ixture that
w ill not separate during handling and spread­
ing.

D IS T R IB U T E D BY:
METRO-MILORGANITE, INC.

THE TERRE CO.

(914) 769-7600

(201 ) 843-6655

WAGNER SEED CO., INC.

(516) 293-6312

POLITICS ASIDE,
DEFICIT SPENDING CAUSES INFLATION
By Jay VanAndel and Richard M. DeVos
Amway, Inc.
In order to solve a problem, one must understand its cause.
This is true whether repairing a car, treating the sick, or curing
inflation. Statements by too many politicians and the commen­
tary of some media experts indicate that there is distressing
lack of understanding of the cause of inflation.
First, rising wages and prices were said to be the “cause” of
rampaging inflation. Then came “wage and price guidelines.”
Inflation continuted, but the blame shifted! Now it is OPEC oil
that causes inflation. Wrong on both counts.
Government policy causes inflation. Nothing else. OPEC oil
prices—even higher food prices induced by bad weather—
cause the cost-of-living to increase, and these increases are
worsened by the decreasing value of the dollar, but increases in
the cost of living are not inflation.
Deficit spending by the government causes inflation. Some
argue that deficit spending alone is not to blame. They say that
if government finances those deficits by borrowing, the cur­
rency is not affected. Perhaps not in the short term, but when
government consumes much of the available capital to cover its
deficits, there are insufficient funds left for industry to expand,
and the economy slows down. Eventually, government must
monetize its deficits by increasing the money supply (creating
new money out of thin air). When that happens, each dollar is
worth less.
That is inflation, and only government can cause it. Not
wage increases, not price increases, not farm prices, not OPEC
oil.
Think about it. If oil prices caused inflation, Japan and
West Germany would have double digit inflation, too. West
Germany imports about 97 percent of its oil. Its inflation rate
is 6.6 percent. Japan imports 99 percent of its oil. Its inflation
rate is 6.9 percent. But the United States imports about 45
percent of its oil and has controlled the price of domestically
produced oil since 1971. The U.S. inflation rate is in excess of

13 percent. (Import figures from Department of Energy,
Summer 1979; inflation rates from Joint Economic Committee
of the Congress for 12-month period ending August 1979.)
There is little hope the problems can be solved until those
leaders who now refuse to acknowledge the true cause of
inflation do so.
There will be more calls for wage and price controls. The
action of the Federal Reserve Board to slow the growth of the
money supply will also slow the economy and bring cries for
more government (deficit) spending to create more jobs in the
public sector. And nothing will have been accomplished.
Many economists now predict that the U.S. will experience a
modest recession during 1980, followed by a brief recovery
period during which rates of inflation will reach 18 to 20
percent, then a very deep recession.
This need not be so if those in positions of leadership put
political considerations aside, put a limit on government
spending, and bring the federal budget into balance now.
Editors Note: Amen.
SCHEDULING FOR SUCCESS
Most of us accomplish more and work more efficiently when
we are under some kind of pressure. We need to be pushed to
produce our best work. As a supervisor, one of your major jobs
is to keep every one of your employees busy and productive.
You have to offset the natural tendency of people to slack off
when they are not faced with the pressure of a deadline.
This is a situation where Parkinson's Law, which states that
“Work expands to fill the time available,” comes into play. If
you tell one of your employees that a piece of equipment needs
to be fixed or a specific maintenance task should be done, he
will plan his time so that the task gets done when it fits into his
schedule, which is not the same as your schedule or that of
your club.
However, if you tell him that the task must be completed by
tomorrow morning and the two of you agree that it can be
finished by then, he will probably break his neck to get it done
on time.

BLUE RIDGE PEAT FARMS, INC.

Bob Lippman

WHITE HAVEN, PA. 18661

Golf Course Topdressing
Peat-Humus

Gene Evans, Owner
Professional Engineer
(717) 443-9596

Topdressing
meets specifications
recom­
mended by USGA and is approved by Texas
A .&M ., Penn State and Brookside Labs of Ohio.
Topdressing mixtures may be custom blended
to meet your specifications.
Tee and green construction material available.
In business for over 30 years.

WESTCHESTER TURF SUPPLY, INC.

Chemicals, Fertilizer, Seed, Supplies, Irrigation
“SERVING THE FINE TURF PROFESSION”

IT'S THE SERVICE THAT COUNTS
OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE
(914) 937-6523

RESIDENCE
(914) 248-5790

Effective scheduling of employee tasks can make the dif­
ference between a department that runs like clockwork and
one that always seems to be in a crisis. Schedules and deadlines
give urgency to activities that, without pressure, might pile up
until a time when everything must be done at once.
If you are after consistently good results from your em­
ployees, you have to be willing to devote the necessary amount
of time to setting priorities and planning schedules. The more
crowded, hectic and busy your own schedule, the more im­
portant it is that you take the time to plan your em­
ployees’ work effectively.
First of all, you must set your priorities. You are the
manager. You know what tasks must be accomplished and
how important each one is. You know the reasons for each task
and the way they all fit together. This is your responsibility,
and the people over you care more about the completion of the
tasks than the way in which you accomplish them.
To ensure that the work gets done on time, set a dead­
line. It is often helpful to work out a mutually acceptable dead­
line with the employee who will be doing the work, but you
must make sure that there is a deadline and that those respon­
sible know what it is. Put it in writing, if necessary, and enforce
it.
Many supervisors and managers find it helpful to draw up a
time-table. It doesn’t have to be fancy, but it should include all
the important tasks which must be completed within a given
time period, the deadline for their completion and the name of
the person responsible for each task. If this timetable is dis­
tributed to the appropriate people or posted in a prominent

place, then each of your employees can schedule his own time
in order to work at peak efficiency.
—GCSAA Fore Front

FRINGE BENEFITS HAVE MANY ADVANTAGES
Fringe benefits are an important part of employee compen­
sation, but in the last few years they have come to be taken for
granted. Most employees assume that they work for their
weekly or monthly take-home pay and that fringe benefits,
such as health, accident and hospitalization insurance, are
thrown in as an afterthought.
In today’s highly competitive labor market, a good fringe
benefit package is an excellent way for an employer to attract
and retain key personnel. These benefits are an important part
of an employee’s compensation, and employers should make
sure their workers know exactly what their fringe benefits are
worth to both parties.
Fringe benefits carry a double advantage. They increase an
employee’s real income because he does not have to pay taxes
on them. And the employer’s net cost is less than the boost in
salary that would be required to cover them. This is almost
always the case when benefits are tax deductible and may be
true even in the absence of deductions.
For example, consider these figures quoted in the Wholesale
Nursery Growers of America newsletter. If an employee in the
38 percent tax bracket is given benefits worth $500, he would

(u$S) V e rta g re e n
v ^ A product

for all reasons
• Uniform particles flow smoothly and spread evenly.
• Half the nitrogen in Tee Green is Urea-Formaldehyde.
• A minimum of one-fourth the nitrogen in fairway
grades is UF.
• Uniform balance of secondary and micro-nutrients.
• All potash derived from sulfate of potash.

P.O. Box 1685
Atlanta, Georgia 30301

have to receive a before-taxes salary increase of $715 to have
$500 remaining'to purchase these services. If his employer is in
the 48 percent tax bracket, it would cost him $372 to provide
such a salary increase, but only $260 for the fringe benefits.
Unfortunately, many employees do not appreciate this
added income because they have never been told exactly what
it is worth to them. Seldom do people in the job market con­
sider the relative merits of each prospective employer’s fringe
benefit package.
When you conduct job interviews, make sure the prospective
employee knows that you offer an attractive benefits package
and be sure to explain it to him in detail soon after he is hired.
Some employers use a form which brings together all actual
earnings and benefits so their employees can see exactly how
much they are being paid.
—GCSAA Fore Front
A Breath O f Love
Come, explore the dawning of Spring,
Breathing down ourfaces,
Along this re-bom path,
Where the foliage rolls dense,—
And immerse ourselves deeply,
So as to feel its awakening,—
Fruitful and beautiful,
As a ripe Persimmon Tree.

FALLING DOWN ON THE JOB
In the next hour 19 people will be hurt or killed by a fall
somewhere in this country. This figure probably increases
during the winter months. At least it does on campus. Last
year there was a 25 percent increase in slip and fall accidents
during the months of January and February. Nevertheless, a
large percentage of injuries that occur on campus are attri­
buted to slips and falls. The following tips should sharpen your
awareness of the potential hazards you may encounter both on
and off the job.
1. Spot-checking—Six out of 10 falls are caused by obvious
hazards. Watch out for hazards such as spills, wires, open
drawers, etc. Be extra careful in poorly lit areas or areas where
visibility is limited by smoke, steam or glare.
2. Don’t leave hazards behind—Before leaving your work
area, check to see that you haven’t left tools lying around,
drawers open, etc. If you see a hazard such as a spill, report it
or clean it up. Don’t leave hazards for others to fall victim to.
3. Always make sure you can see where you’re going—Don’t
attempt to carry a load that’s too large for you to see over. Be
extra careful in unfamiliar areas and areas of poor visibility.
4. Keep your hands free—Always try to keep one hand free
to break a fall should you trip. When climbing stairs, always
keep one hand on the railing.

—Frank Paladino

turf products corporation
Route 6 - Stony H ill

•

Bethel, Connecticut 06801

• (203)748-4445

1496 John F itch Boulevard • South Windsor, Connecticut 06074 •

hUS£LE3
Foley.
R

oger

M

M y e rs

TORO.
Y our T

urf

E

T U R F E q u ip m e n t

TURF VAC

lo ffio
q u ip m e n t

A nd I r r ig a t io n

orhardt

(203) 289-3471

S

u p p l ie r
M a rk L o p er
I r r ig a t io n D iv is io n

5. Don’t try to cross obstacles you could go around—If you
must cross over an obstacle, be sure to keep your weight on
your back leg when stepping over the obstacle, have your
weight equally balanced when your feet are on either side of
the obstacle, then shift your weight to your front leg as you lift
your back leg over the obstacle.
6. When crossing rough or slippery surfaces—Take short
steps and keep your toes pointed out. The closer you come to
putting your foot straight down, the less chance you have of
slipping.
7. When walking on wet stairs—Always keep your weight on
your back leg.
8. If you do start to fall—Protect your head and neck from
injury by looking at the spot you are about to hit. If your hands
are free, you can best break your fall by keeping your wrists
level with the ground.
9. After falling—Test your hands and feet for feeling. If
there is no feeling, do not move or allow anyone to move you.
Wait for medical help.
—UGA Flashes, January, 1980

SITE ANALYSIS IS FIRST STEP IN PLANNING
NEW COURSE
Site analysis is one of the most important considerations in
planning a new golf course, according to Jack Kidwell, presi­
dent of the American Society of Golf Course Architects.
According to ASGCA, the major natural determinants are
topography, drainage, vegetation, soil and water.
“If there is a real problem in any one of these areas,’’
Kidwell said, “construction costs can skyrocket and the entire
project can be jeopardized. An experienced architect, however,
can make recommendations and provide solutions that may
turn a marginal project into a viable one.’’
According to Kidwell, modern construction equipment
makes it possible to build attractive courses on relatively flat or
uneven terrain, even that which is not suitable for residential
or commercial construction.
He emphasized the importance of adequate surface and
underground drainage, adding that an architect can take large
runoff channels, flood plains, marshes, bogs, and other gen­
erally low areas, and, with proper drainage controls, design
and engineer them into a beautiful course.
—GCSAA Fore Front

SUPPORT OUR ADVERTISERS

- , •*

BEARD

COHECHO*
Pat Lucas, Editor
87 Tomac Avenue
Old Greenwich, Conn. 06870

First Class

M ELVIN
PIP IN G
LOCUST

B LUCAS JR
ROCK CLU B
V A L L E Y NY

A
11560

GREENHOUSE • NURSERIES
Horticultural Distributors
D istributors o f

•E V E R G R E E N S
• TREE STAKES
• FLOWERING TREES • R A ILR O A D TIES
•M U L C H E S
• SHADE TREES
• CO NTAINER
• GRO UND COVERS
M A TE R IA L
I • FENCING
• TU R F CHEMICALS
• F IR & PINE BARK
• G RAVELS
| • H O LLYTO NE
• GRASS SEED
•SPRAYING
•A R B O R IS T SUPPLIES
EQUIPMENT
*A -D -S-D R A IN A G E SYSTEMS

Weather
TRUE TEMPER TOOLS
TURF M A INTENANCE SUPPLIES
HO M ELITE CONST. EQUIPMENT

! matic.

Lawn Sprinkler Systems
Safe-T-Lawn
Lawn Sprinkler Systems

SHEMIN NURSERIES, INC.
1081 KING STREET, BOX 64, GLENVILLE STATION
GREENWICH, CONNECTICUT06830
(203)531 7352

(914)937-4644

TRC
PRODUCTS

FRAM-WIX
FILTERS

ANTI-FREEZE

I and ( SÜPPiy , IOC.
66 ERNA AVENUE
P. O. BOX 9

WETTING
AGENT

KLENZER
PRODUCTS

MILFORD, CONNECTICUT 064-60
TELEPHONE (203) 8 T 8 -0 6 5 8

Distributor of:
PARTS
CLEANERS
LUBRICATING
EOUIPMENT

TRW
PRODUCTS

S o p ì (Üoarij g>priuktei0
• Peerless Pumps

THE REICHERT COMPANY

• Pump Controls & Control Valves
• Pipe, Valves & Fittings

(203) 637-2958

MAIL P.O. BOX 273
RIVERSIDE, CT. 06878

Sales & Service