Editorial
This is the second issue of UTAF/Tl (New Series). It is Vo!.l No.2 appearing
as a Special Issue of the journal on the general theme of the impact of the
economic adjustment programmes on the environment and the social services.
Six of the seven articles in this issue were selected from articles that were
presented at the 9th National Economic Policy Workshop organized by the
Economic Research Bureau and the Department of Economics of the University
of Dar es Salaam during the year. The seventh article is included in this issue
because it discusses an issue of relevance to the theme of the other articles
although it was accepted for publication in 1992 (but never published) by the
previous Editorial Board of the journal.
     As mentioned above, there are seven articles in this issue. In the first article,
F.P. Mtatifikolo discusses how public policies under adjustment processes have
impacted on social services delivery and the environment. It provides a skeletal
framework around which social services delivery and environmental concerns
may be discussed and incorporated into the adjustment processes. Mtatifikolo
concludes his article by raising doubts about whether the government is in a
position to institute and vigorously enforce new and more stringent laws and by-
laws relevant for environmental protection in this era of economic liberalism.
     The second article is jointly written by J.K. Katabaro and A.V.Y. Mbelle.
It discusses the issue of human resources development of relevance to managing
structural adjustment programmes in a manner which takes environmental
concerns into account. The authors conclude their article by offering three
recommendations regarding how the country may seek to manage SAPs and
integrate sustainable development into environmental and educational policies.
These recommendations relate to a re-think of the role of government in the
education process, a revision of the school curricula in order to incorporate
environmental and development sustainability issues, as well as the adoption of
a multi-disciplinary approach to research on environmental issues.
     The third article is by S.K. Kapunda. It discusses the link between economic
structural adjustment, the environment and food security. The examination i.n
qualitative and empirical terms of the food security situation in the country IS


  IV
 also linked to measures geared towards poverty alleviation.            About eight
 recommendation are given by way of a conclusion to the article all of which
 stress the need to formulate agricultural and food security policies which take the
 issue of environmental protection into account.
      In the fourth article, H.K.N. Peters and P.L. Sankhayan report on a study of
 the effects of SAPs on natural resource use at household level conducted in three
 villages in Ulanga district (Morogoro- Tanzania). They make a number of
 observations regarding the complex link between SAPs and natural resource use.
 They conclude their article by making a plea for the undertaking of further
 research into the nature of the linkage between SAPs and natural resource use at
 household level as well as into the long-term effects             of SAPs on the
 sustainability of agricultural development programmes at the same level.
      The fifth article, which was accepted for publication in 1992. is by S.F.N.
 Kiwia which discusses the operational efficiency of the administrative
 organization of the Tanzanian education system. Ktwia examines the
 effectiveness of the adm inistrative structure of the education system in Tanzania,
 and how such a structure has affected the smooth operation of the system. He
 then concludes his article by proposing a number solutions to existing problems
 one of which is the recommendation for the post of the District Education
 Officer (DEO) to be directly linked to the relevant R~onal Education Officer
 (REO) instead of being linked to that of the District Development
 Director(DDD).
      The sixth article is by I.A.J. Mchallo who assesses the impact of structural
 adjustment programmes on the natural resource base, taking tourism development
 as a case in point. Drawing on data on national parks and coastal beach tourism
 projects development, the article seeks to show how tourism development under
 SAPs infringes on the country's resource base. Mcballo concludes the article by
 offering four recommendations considered of relevance to the evolution of the
 sustainable development of the country's tourism industry. The recommendations
 relate to the need to co-ordinate the work of investment promotion institutions
 and conservation management organs, the need for making environmental impact
.assessment (EIA) mandatory to any investment promotion policies, the need to
 encourage investors to adhere to guidelines on environmental protection prepared
 by conservation agencies, as well as the need to encourage and promote eeo-
 tourism in general.
      In the seventh article, F.M. Musonda addresses the issue of environmental
 problems in East and Southern Africa. Musonda shows why some environml'ntal


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questions can only be resolved within a regional context, taking the PT A
countries as an example. She concludes her article with the recommendation for
the need to design and implement a regional macro-economic policy framework
within which policy reforms with least adverse effect on fellow member states
in matters of market distortions and environmental impacts.
     The Editorial Board invites you to continue your support for the journal by
critically reading these seven papers and sending your criticism to us.        We
would also like to appeal to you to continue supporting the UTAFIT/ Journal by
subscribing or renewing your subscription to it. We will strive to shorten further
the period of delay in producing in time and sending the relevant issues of the
journal to the subscribers.
      In this issue matters relating to the incorporation of article abstracts and
presentation of the bibliography, for example, were not strictly streamlined. To
those wishing to send us articles to be considered for publication, attention is
 drawn to some revisions to the information we wish authors to take note of.
 This is contained in the Editorial.Policv memorandum printed right after the
 seventh article. In subsequent issues of this journal, strict adherence will be
 maintained with regard to the journal house style format described in the
 editorial policy.
 Azaveli Feza Lwaitama
 Chief Editor